DictionaryofComputerandInternet
Terms
(Vol.1)
JohnC.Rigdon,
Editor
DictionaryofComputerandInternetTerms
1
st
Edition–AUG20160/0/0/CS
ThisdictionaryisadaptedfromMicrosoftLanguagePortalwithadditionsandeditsby
JohnC.Rigdon.
©2016EasternDigitalResources.AllRightsReserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybe
reproducedbyanymeanswithouttheexpresswrittenconsentofthecopyrightholder.
“EntriesfromtheMicrosoftLanguagePortal.©2016MicrosoftCorporation.Allrights
reserved.”DistributionreleasebyMicrosoft.See
https://www.microsoft.com/Language/en-US/LicenseAgreement.aspx
Publishedby:
EasternDigitalResources
31BramblewoodDrSW
Cartersville,GA30120
http://www.wordsrus.info
EMAIL:Sales@wordsrus.info
Tel.(678)739-9177
Overview
Thisdictionarycontainsover32,000termsthatarespecifictoComputersand
theInternet.Eachtermincludesadefinition/description.Withmorethan
750pages,thisdictionaryisoneofthemostcomprehensiveresources
available.
Termsrelatetoapplications,commands,functions,operatingsystems,image
processingandnetworking.
Nootherdictionaryofcomputingtermsevencomesclosetothebreadthof
thisone.Itisdesignedtobeusedbyeveryonefromthenoviceseekingthe
mostbasicinformation…tothemainframesystemsprogrammerandMIS
professionallookingforsophisticatedandhard-to-findinformationthat’snot
availableinmostreferencebooks.It’sallhereinoneindispensablereference
source.
·artificialintelligence.
·computer-integratedmanufacturing
·datacommunication
·databases
·distributeddataprocessing
·fiberoptics
·fundamentalterms
·localareanetworks
·multimedia
·officeautomation
·opensystemsinterconnection
·peripheralequipment
·personalcomputing
·processingunits
·programming
·systemdevelopment
·textprocessing
Thisdictionaryisidealnotonlyforstudentsofcomputingbutforthose
studyingtherelatedfieldsofInformationTechnology,mathematics,physics,
mediacommunications,electronicengineering,andnaturalsciences.
Wealsopublishacompanionvolume(Vol.2)ofComputerAcronymsand
Abbreviationswithanadditional4,500terms.Volume2alsoincludesa
sectiononfilenameextensionsshowingthemostcommonlyusedextensions
andtheirassociationwithvarioussoftwaresystems.
Thisdictionaryisavailableinmorethan100languages.Seeourwebsitefor
pricingandavailability.
http://www.wordsrus.info/catalog/computer_dictionary.html
Abbreviationsused:
(n)–noun
(pn)–ProperName
(v)–verb
(adj)–adjective
(oth)–other
MiscellaneousTerms
8.3(oth)~ThestandardformatforfilenamesinMS-DOSandWindows3.1.Afilename
witheightorfewercharacters,followedbyaperiod(dot),followedbyathree-character
filenameextension.
$OEM$(n)~ThenameofafolderthatincludesadditionalfilesfortheWindows
installation.
%SYSTEMROOT%(n)~ThepathandfoldernamewheretheWindowssystemfilesare
located.Typically,thisisC:\Windows,althoughyoucandesignateadifferentdriveor
folderwhenyouinstallWindows.Youcanusethevalue%systemroot%toreplacethe
actuallocationofthefolderthatcontainstheWindowssystemfiles.Toidentifyyour
systemrootfolder,clickStart,clickRun,type%systemroot%,andthenclickOK.
%WINDIR%(n)~Thesystemenvironmentvariablethatpointstothedirectorywhere
Windowsisinstalled,mostcommonlyC:\Windows.
0or1Matches(n)~AmenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchforapatternAtobe
representedinpatternB0or1times.Patternscouldbestrings,characters,etc.For
example,ifyouwanttofindanystringsthatmeetthecriteriaAB0or1matchesinstring’
0orMoreMatches(n)~AmenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchforapatternAtobe
representedinpatternB0ormoretimes.Patternscouldbestrings,characters,etc.
1on1(n)~?AcuratedtimewhenCortanabringshigh-priorityorhigh-impactinformation
totheuserandtakesthetimetolearnmoreabouttheuserbasedoninferencesshe’s
workingon.
1orMoreMatches(oth)~AmenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchforapatternAtobe
representedinpatternB1ormoretimes.Patternscouldbestrings,characters,etc.
100%stackedbarchart(n)~Abarchartsubtypethatcomparesthepercentagethateach
valuecontributestoatotalacrosscategories.
100%stackedcolumnchart(n)~Acolumnchartsubtypethatcomparesthepercentage
thateachvaluecontributestoatotalacrosscategories.
100baseT(n)~TheEthernetstandardforlocalareanetworksusingtwisted-paircable
carryingdataat100megabitspersecond(Mbps).
1099report(n)~AreporttotheU.S.InternalRevenueService(IRS)ona1099form.A
1099formisusedtoreportnon-employeeincomeandisfiledonacalendaryearbasis.
TheIRSproducesvarioustypesof1099forms,includingDividend(1099-DIV),Interest
(1099-INT),Miscellaneous(1099-MISC),andRetirement(1099-R).
10base2(oth)~TheEthernetandIEEE802.3standardforbasebandLANs(localarea
networks)usingathincoaxialcable(3/16inch)upto200meterslongandcarrying10
Mbps(megabitspersecond)inabustopology.Anetworknodeisconnectedtothecable
byaBNCconnectorontheadaptercard.
12+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
12+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbyUnterhaltungssoftwareSelbstkontrolle
(USK).
128-bitencryption(n)~Ahighlevelofencryptionthatusesa128-bitkeytoscramblethe
contentsofafileordatapackettomakethedataunreadablewithoutthedecryptionkey.
128-bitSSLencryption(n)~AnencryptionlevelusedforSSL.Thenumberreferstothe
lengthofthekey,sothehigherthenumber,themoredifficulttheencryptionistobreak.
12-MonthPlan(n)~AmonthlycommitmenttoMicrosoftAzurefor12months.Thereare
twosubscriptionoptions:PayMonthlyandPre-Pay.
15+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheBritishBoardofFilmClassification
(BBFC).
16+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
16+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbyUnterhaltungssoftwareSelbstkontrolle
(USK).
18+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
1-byteunsignedInteger(n)~Anintegerdatatypethathasapositivevaluerangingfrom
0to255.
1-Dshape(n)~Eitherastraightlineyoudraworashapethathasabeginningpointand
endingpointandcanbegluedbetweentwoshapestoconnectthem.
1MEvents(n)~Aunitofmeasureofthe‘PremiumOverageEvents’and‘Standard
OverageEvents’resourcesofthe‘ApplicationInsights’servicetypeofthe‘VisualStudio’
servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’billingbasedonthenumberofeventsproducedusing1Mas
baseline.
1MQueries(n)~AunitofmeasureforDNSQueries(1M)resourceoftheDNSservice
typeoftheNetworkingservice.
2007Microsoft-®Officesystem(PN)~AversionoftheintegratedsystemofMicrosoft
coredesktopproductivitytools,programs,servers,andservicesdesignedforinformation
work.
21CFRPart11(PN)~AFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)regulation,Title21ofthe
CongressionalFederalRecord,Part11.Thisregulationspecifiestheconditionsand
criteriafordeterminingthevalidityandtrustworthinessofelectronicsignaturesand
processes.
2-bytesignedInteger(n)~Anautomationintegerdatatypethatcanbeeitherpositiveor
negative.Themostsignificantbitisthesignbit,whichis1fornegativevaluesand0for
positivevalues.Thestoragesizeoftheintegeris2bytes.A2-bytesignedintegercanhave
arangefrom-32,768to32,767.
2-D(oth)~Existinginreferencetotwomeasures,suchasheightandwidth—forexample,
atwo-dimensionalmodeldrawnwithreferencetoanx-axisanday-axis,oratwo-
dimensionalarrayofnumbersplacedinrowsandcolumns.
2-Dchart(n)~Achartthatrepresentsdataontwoaxes,xandy,anddisplayschart
objectsinflatgraphicalformatting.
2-Dshape(n)~Ashapethathasfourselectionhandlesthatyoucanusetoresizetheshape
proportionally.
2-elementconstraint(n)~Aconstraintthatappliestotwoelements,suchastwoclasses
ortwoassociations.Theconstraintisshownasadashedarrowfromoneelementtothe
other,labeledbytheconstraintstringinbraces({}).
2-in-1(n)~Acomputerthathaspropertiesbothofatabletandalaptop.
2PC(n)~Aprotocolthatensuresthattransactionsthatapplytomorethanoneserverare
completedonallserversornoneatall.Two-phasecommitiscoordinatedbythe
transactionmanagerandsupportedbyresourcemanagers.
2-waypaging(n)~Asystemthatallowsuserstosendandreceivemessageswhentheyare
outofrange.
3+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
32bitmachine(n)~Acomputerthatworkswithdataingroupsof32bitsatatime.The
AppleMacintoshIIandhighermodelsare32-bitmachines,intermsofboththewordsize
oftheirmicroprocessorsandthesizeofthedatabuses,asarecomputersbasedontheIntel
80386andhigher-levelmicroprocessors.
3270emulator(n)~Softwarethatenablesamicrocomputertoactasa3270terminal.
Emulatorsoftwarecanalsoenableadesktopcomputertosendprintjobsfromahost
systemtoaprinterconnectedtothemicrocomputer.
3270terminalemulation(n)~Theuseofsoftwarethatenablesamicrocomputertoactas
a3270terminal.Emulationsoftwarecanalsoenableamicrocomputertosendprintjobs
fromahostsystemtoaprinterconnectedtothemicrocomputer.
3D(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orbeinganobjectorimagehavingorappearingtohaveall
threespatialdimensions(length,width,anddepth).
3-D(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orbeinganobjectorimagehavingorappearingtohaveall
threespatialdimensions(length,width,anddepth).
3DBuilder(PN)~Anapptocreate,print,andscanin3D.
3-Dcolumnchart(n)~Acolumnchartsubtypethatcomparesdatapointsalongtwoaxes.
3Ddisplaycontroller(n)~Adisplaycontrollerthatsupports3Doperations.
3-Deffect(n)~Adiagrammingcapabilitythatshowschartsinthreedimensions.
3DHumanBody(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsausertoexplorehumananatomywith3D
imaging.
3Dmodel(n)~Acomputersimulationofaphysicalobjectinwhichlength,width,and
deptharerealattributes:amodel,withx-,y-,andz-axes,thatcanberotatedforviewing
fromdifferentangles.
3Dobject(n)~Adigitalrepresentationofathree-dimensionalobjectthatcanberendered
onacomputerscreenusingspecializedsoftware.Themostcommonfileformatisthe.obj
fileformat.
3-Dreference(n)~Areferencetoarangethatspanstwoormoreworksheetsina
workbook.
3-Dwallsandfloor(n)~Theareassurroundingmany3-Dcharttypesthatgivedimension
andboundariestothechart.Twowallsandoneflooraredisplayedwithintheplotarea.
3DES(n)~AnencryptionalgorithmbasedontheDataEncryptionStandard(DES).
3G(PN)~Thethirdgenerationofdigitalwirelesstechnology,asdefinedbythe
InternationalTelecommunicationsUnion(ITU).Thirdgenerationtechnologyisexpected
todeliverdatatransmissionspeedsbetween144Kbps(kilobitspersecond)and2Mbps
(megabitspersecond),comparedtothe9.6Kbpsto19.2Kbpsofferedbysecond
generationtechnology.WesternEuropeandJapanleadtheworldinadoptionof3G
technologyandservices.
3Gconnection(n)~Aconnectionthatenablesthetransferofinformationusingthe3G
technology.
3-legconfiguration(n)~Aperimeternetworkwheretheserveractingasafirewallhas
threenetworkcards:onefortheinternalnetwork,onefortheintranet,andonefora
protectedperimeternetworkserver.
3PL(n)~Apartythatprovideslogisticsservicestocustomers.
404error~Anerrormessagereceivedwhenyoutrytoaccessawebpagethateither
doesn’texistorisunavailableattheaddressyougave.
40-bitencryption(n)~Alowlevelofencryptionthatusesa40-bitkeytoscramblethe
contentsofafileordatapackettomakethedataunreadablewithoutthedecryptionkey.
4-bytesignedInteger(n)~AnAutomationintegerdatatypethatcanbeeitherpositiveor
negative.Themostsignificantbitisthesignbit,whichis1fornegativevaluesand0for
positivevalues.Thestoragesizeoftheintegeris4bytes.A4-bytesignedintegercanhave
arangefrom-2,147,483,648to2,147,483,647.
52-weekhigh(PN)~Thehighestpricethatastockhastradedatduringtheprevious52
weeks.
52-weeklow(PN)~Thelowestpricethatastockhastradedatduringtheprevious52
weeks.
6-MonthPlan(n)~AmonthlycommitmenttoMicrosoftAzurefor6months.Thereare
twosubscriptionoptions:PayMonthlyandPre-Pay.
6/12-MonthPlan(PN)~Amonetarymonthlypre-paycommitmenttoWindowsAzure.
Thisofferisnolongeravailabletonewsubscribers.
6+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbyUnterhaltungssoftwareSelbstkontrolle
(USK).
64bitmachine(n)~Acomputerthatworkswithdataingroupsof64bitsatatime.A
computermaybeconsidereda64-bitmachineeitherbecauseitsCPUoperatesinternally
on64-bitwordsorbecauseitsdatabuscantransfer64bitsatatime.A64-bitCPUthus
hasawordsizeof64bits,or8bytes;a64-bitdatabushas64datalines,soitferries
informationthroughthesysteminsetsof64bitsatatime.Examplesof64-bitarchitecture
includetheAlphaAXPfromDigitalEquipmentCorporation,theUltraworkstationfrom
SunMicrosystems,Inc.,andthePowerPC620fromMotorolaandIBM.
64-bit(adj)~Of,pertainingto,ordescriptiveoftheamountofdata-64bits,or8bytes-
thatcertaincomputersystemsorprogramscanprocessatonetime.
7+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
802.1X(n)~AnInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)standardthat
definesport-basednetworkaccesscontrolwhicheitherallowsordeniesconnection
requeststoIEEE802.3wiredEthernetnetworksorIEEE802.11wirelessnetworks.
802.1X-capableswitch(n)~AnetworkaccessserverthatadherestoboththeInstituteof
ElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)802.1XandtheRemoteAuthenticationDial-
inUserService(RADIUS)standards,andthatisdeployedinnetworkstoenforce802.1X
authenticatedIEEE802.3wiredEthernetaccess.
802.1X-capablewirelessaccesspoint(n)~Anetworkaccessserverthatadherestoboth
theInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)802.1XandtheRemote
AuthenticationDial-inUserService(RADIUS)standards,andthatisdeployedin
networkstoenforce802.1XauthenticatedIEEE802.3wiredEthernetaccess.
80211a,80211b,80211g,80211i,80211n~Differentstandardsforoperatingwireless
networks(Wi-Fi).Looselythehighertheletter,thefasterthespeed.
80286,80386,80486(or286,386,486)~ThreegenerationsofPC-processor,nowpretty
muchobsolete,theancestorsofIntel’s-Pentium.The286wastheearliestprocessorable
torun(justabout)aversionof-Windows,althoughthe386wasreallytheminimumtorun
itproperly.The486wastheearliestprocessorabletorun-Windows95--justabout.
MachinesofthisvintagecannotrunmodernversionsofWindowsatall,butmanyarestill
inuseasbasicword-processorsorwhereadedicatedmachineisrequiredwhichdoesn’t
needtobepowerful.
8-bitcolor(n)~Adisplaysettingthatholdsupto256specificcolorentries.Anycolor
paletteattachedtoapictureisbydefinitionan8-bitpalette.
9+participants(PN)~Anindicatorthatisdisplayedinthemeetingrosterwhenthereare
morethannineparticipantsinthemeeting.
90DayFreeTrial(n)~Theofferthatprovidesafreetrialfor90daysforanynew
customer.Itisnownolongeravailabletonewsubscribers.
A~
A(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
Acappella(Adverb)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassification
inWindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audio
files.WinampgenreID#123.
Arecord(n)~AtypeofresourcerecordintheDomainNameSystemthatassociatesa
specificIPaddresswithadomainname.Thisistherecordthatcontainstheinformation
thatconnectsyourdomainnametoyouractualWebsitecontentwhenpeopletypeyour
domainnameintoabrowser.
A/P(n)~Agroupofpostingaccountsthatshowtheamountsowedtosuppliersor
creditorsforgoods,supplies,orservicespurchasedoncredit.
A/R(n)~Agroupofpostingaccountsthatshowtheamountscustomersoweforservices
orsalesmadeoncredit.
A/VConferencingEdgeServer(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerthatresidesin
theperimeternetworkandprovidesasingletrustedpointthroughwhichmediatrafficcan
traverseNATsandfirewalls.
A/VConferencingEdgeservice(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerthatresidesin
theperimeternetworkandprovidesasingletrustedpointthroughwhichmediatrafficcan
traverseNATsandfirewalls.
A/VEdgeserver(n)~Enablesinternaluserstoshareaudioandvideodatawithexternal
users(thatis,userswhoarenotloggedontoyourinternalnetwork).
A1notation(n)~Analphanumericconventionforreferencingthelocationofcellsina
worksheet.Thecolumnisrepresentedbyaletter(AthroughIV,foratotalof256
columns)andtherowisrepresentedbyanumber(1through65536).
A2HDInsight(n)~ThesizeandoptionsforMicrosoft’sWindowsversionofHadoopon
Azureimplementation.
A2HDInsight(Non-Windows)(n)~ThesizeandoptionsforMicrosoft’snon-Windows
versionofHadooponAzureimplementation.
A2Aintegration(n)~Theprocessofcoordinatingtheoperationofthevariousprograms,
databases,andexistingtechnologiesofabusinessorenterprisesothattheyfunctionasan
efficient,business-widesystem.
A3270(n)~TheservertransactionprogramfortheAPPC3270TerminalEmulator
facility.
AA(n)~Asoftwaretechniqueforsmoothingthejaggedappearanceofcurvedordiagonal
linescausedbypoorresolutiononadisplayscreen.Methodsofanti-aliasinginclude
surroundingpixelswithintermediateshadesandmanipulatingthesizeandhorizontal
alignmentofthepixels.
AADSync(PN)~Asoftwaretoolforconnectingtodatasources,synchronizingdata
betweendatasources,aswellastheprovisioninganddeprovisioningofidentities.
AADRM(PN)~TheMicrosofttechnologythatallowscustomerstoprotecttheirdataby
encryptingandmanagingaccessrightsindocumentauthoring,email,andpublishing.
AADSync(PN)~Asoftwaretoolforconnectingtodatasources,synchronizingdata
betweendatasources,aswellastheprovisioninganddeprovisioningofidentities.
AAL(n)~Thelayeroftheasynchronoustransfermode(ATM)protocolstackthatparses
dataintothepayloadportionoftheATMcellfortransportacrossanATMnetwork.
AAM(n)~AsecurityfeatureofWindowsthatallowsadministratorstoperformnormal
day-to-daytaskswhilerunningwithastandardusertoken.Ifadministratorprivilegesare
neededforanoperation,theadministratorwillbenotifiedandaskedtoprovideeither
consentorcredentials,dependingonsystempolicysettings.
abandon(v)~Toterminatethecurrentactionbeforeitiscomplete.
ABAP(PN)~AprogramminglanguagefordevelopingapplicationsfortheSAPmySAP
ERP2004system.
ABCclassification(n)~Asystemforrankingdiscretecategoriesofitemsaccordingto
Pareto’s80/20principlethatstatesthatasmallpercentageofitemsaccountforthelargest
fractionofsignificance.
ABCcode(n)~AclassifierthatnamescategoriesinanABCclassification.
ABCcodeforcarryingcostclassification(n)~Aclassifierthatnamescategoriesinan
ABCclassificationthatranksdiscretecategoriesofitemsaccordingtotheircarryingcost.
ABCcodeforcontributionmargin(n)~AclassifierthatnamescategoriesinanABC
classificationthatranksdiscretecategoriesofitemsaccordingtotheircontributionmargin.
ABCcodeforrevenue(n)~AclassifierthatnamescategoriesinanABCclassification
thatranksdiscretecategoriesofitemsaccordingtotheirrevenue.
ABCcodevalue(n)~Thecategorizationofaninventoryitembasedonitsvalue
comparedtothetotalinventoryonhand.
abend(n)~Theprematureendingofaprogrambecauseofaprogramerrororsystem
failure.
ABEND(n)~Theprematureendingofaprogrambecauseofaprogramerrororsystem
failure.
ABN(PN)~An11-digitnumberissuedbytheAustralianTaxationOfficeAustralian
BusinessRegistertoanyentitiesregisteredtocarryonanenterpriseinAustralia.
abort(v)~Toterminateabruptly,oftenusedinreferencetoaprogramorprocedurein
progress.
About(PN)~AnitemontheHelpmenuthatopenstheAboutdialogbox,whichincludes
thecopyright,licensing,andlicensetermsfortheproduct.
About(PN)~ThelinkgroupthatincludeslinkstotheAboutHotmailwebpage,the
What’sNewwebpage,andsoon.
about(PN)~ASettingsscreencontaininginformationrelatingtothephone,suchas
phonemanufacturer,availablestorage,OSversion,etc.
AboutMicrosoftOfficeCommunicator(n)~AnitemontheHelpmenuthatopensthe
Aboutdialogbox,whichincludesthecopyright,licensing,andlicensetermsfor
Communicator.
ABR(n)~Arouterthatisattachedtomultipleareas.Areaborderroutersmaintain
separatetopologicaldatabasesforeacharea.
absoluteaddress(n)~Anabsolute(machine)addressspecifyingaphysicallocationin
memory.
absolutecategorizationrating(n)~Amethodofevaluatingtransmittedvoicequality
wheresubjectsrate(from1to5)shortgroupsofunrelatedsentencesundercontrolled
conditions.
absolutecategoryrating(n)~Amethodofevaluatingtransmittedvoicequalitywhere
subjectsrate(from1to5)shortgroupsofunrelatedsentencesundercontrolledconditions.
absolutecellreference(n)~Inaformula,theexactaddressofacell,regardlessofthe
positionofthecellthatcontainstheformula.
absolutelink(n)~Ahyperlinktotheexactlocationofafileonafileserver,theWorld
WideWeb,oracompanyintranet.Absolutelinksuseanexactpath;ifanyonemovesthe
filecontainingthehyperlinkorahyperlinkdestination,thelinkbreaks.
absolutepath(n)~Apathtoafilethatbeginswiththedriveidentifierandrootdirectory
orwithanetworkshareandendswiththecompletefilename(forexample,
C:\docs\work\contract.txtor\netshare\docs\work\contract.txt).
absolutepointingdevice(n)~Amechanicalorphysicalpointingdevicewhoselocationis
associatedwiththepositionoftheon-screencursor.Forexample,iftheuserofagraphics
tabletplacesthepenontheupperrightcornerofthetablet,thecursormovestotheupper
rightcornerofthescreenoron-screenwindowassociatedwiththepen.
absolutepositioning(n)~Placementofanelementrelativetoeithertheelement’sparent
or,ifthereisn’tone,thebody.Valuesfortheelement’sLeftandToppropertiesarerelative
totheupper-leftcorneroftheelement’sparent.
absolutereference(n)~Inaformula,theexactaddressofacell,regardlessoftheposition
ofthecellthatcontainstheformula.
absolutesecuritydescriptor(n)~Asecuritydescriptorstructurethatcontainspointersto
thesecurityinformationassociatedwithanobject.
absoluteURL(n)~ThefullInternetaddressofapageorotherWorldWideWebresource.
TheabsoluteURLincludesaprotocol,suchashttp
abstract(n)~Ashortsummaryofthecontentsofadocumentthatgivesthereaderaquick
overviewofitstopicandpurpose.
abstractapplicationdefinition(n)~Theabstracttypeofanapplication,whichdefines
commoncharacteristicsofaclassofapplications.
abstractclass(n)~Agenericclassthatisusedonlyasatemplateforderivedclasses,and
thatcannotbeinstantiated.
abstractclass(n)~Inobject-orientedprogramming,aclassinwhichnoobjectscanbe
created.Itis,however,usedtodefinedsubclasses,andobjectsarecreatedfromthe
subclasses.
abstractdefinition(n)~Thedefinitionofaclassof(concrete)definitions,which
describescharacteristicscommontoallinstancesoftheabstractdefinition.
abstractendpointdefinition(n)~Theabstracttypeofanendpoint,whichdefines
commoncharacteristicsofaclassofendpoints.Examplesinclude,WebSiteEndpoint,
HttpClientEndpoint,HttpServerEndpoint.
abstractserverdefinition(n)~Theabstracttypeofanapplicationserver,whichdefines
commoncharacteristicsofaclassoflogicalapplicationserversincludingthesetof
supportedabstractendpointdefinitions.
abusealias(n)~Ane-mailaliasforExchangeHostedServicesdesignedtoreceivespam
submissionsfromcustomers.
AC(n)~Electriccurrentthatreversesitsdirectionofflow(polarity)periodically
accordingtoafrequencymeasuredinhertz,orcyclespersecond.Therapidchangefrom
positivetonegativeelectricityof60ormoretimeseachsecond.
ACpowerconnector(n)~AconnectorthatisusedtoconnectanACpowercordtoa
pieceofequipment,suchasadevice,acomputer,orSurfaceunit.
AC/Mainswitch(n)~Theoverallpowercontrolforapieceofequipment,suchasa
device,acomputer,orSurfaceunit.
AcademicLibrary(n)~Asitetemplatethatoffersaprotecteddocumentlibraryfor
educationalinstitutionswherestudentscandiscover,acquire,andconsumeselected
contentthatissubjecttodigitalrightsmanagement.
ACCDEfile(n)~AnAccess2007database(.accdb)filewithallmodulescompiledand
alleditablesourcecoderemoved.
AcceleratedCostRecoverySystem(n)~Asystemofdepreciationthatassigns
depreciationmethodstodifferentclassesofassets.CreatedbytheEconomicRecovery
TaxActof1981forU.S.taxpurposesandmodifiedbytheTaxReformActof1986.
acceleratedgraphicsport(n)~Atechnologythatprovidesadedicated,high-speedport
throughwhichlargeblocksof3-Dtexturedatacanbemovedbetweenthecomputer’s
graphicscontrollerandsystemmemory.
Accelerator(PN)~AtypeofbrowserextensionthatgivesusersquickaccesstotheirWeb
andclientapplicationsfromanyWebpage.AnAcceleratorcanrunonuser-selecteddata,
links,andthecurrentdocument.Thisbrowserextensioncanprovide-€œlookup-€?service
likein-placedefinitionor-€œsend-€?servicelikesendingselectedtexttoaWebe-mail
provider.
acceleratoreditor(n)~Aresourceeditorthatallowsyoutoadd,delete,change,or
browsetheshortcutkeyassignmentsforyourproject.
accentcolor(n)~Acolorthataffectsthebackgroundandsystemcontrolsthroughoutthe
newWindowsuserinterface.
AccentProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogression,atimeline,
orsequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.WorkswellforillustratingbothLevel1
andLevel2text.
Accents(PN)~Thetitleofascreendisplayingthelistofaccentcolors.
accept(v)~AUIelementtheuserpressestoagreetoanincomingfiletransfer,invitation,
audio/videocall,orapplicationsharing.
acceptableusepolicy(n)~Astatementissuedbyanonlineservicethatindicateswhat
activitiesusersmayormaynotengageinwhileloggedintotheservice.Forexample,
someprovidersprohibitusersfromengagingincommercialactivityonthenetwork.
acceptancecriteria(n)~Thecriteriathataproductorproductcomponentmustsatisfyto
beacceptedbyauser,customer,orotherauthorizedentity.
acceptancetesting(n)~Formaltestingconductedtoenableauser,customer,orother
authorizedentitytodeterminewhethertoacceptaproductorproductcomponent.
accepteddomain(n)~AnySMTPnamespaceforwhichanExchangeorganizationsends
andreceivese-mail.AccepteddomainsincludethosedomainsforwhichtheExchange
organizationisauthoritative.AnExchangeorganizationisauthoritativewhenithandles
maildeliveryforrecipientsintheaccepteddomain.Accepteddomainsalsoinclude
domainsforwhichtheExchangeorganizationreceivesmailandthenrelaystoane-mail
serverthatisoutsidetheActiveDirectoryforestfordeliverytotherecipient.
access(n)~Inrespecttoprivacy,anindividual’sabilitytoview,modify,andcontestthe
accuracyandcompletenessofPIIcollectedabouthimorher.Accessisanelementofthe
FairInformationPractices.
access(v)~Togainentrytomemoryinordertoreadorwritedata.
access(n)~Theactofreadingdatafromorwritingdatatomemory.
access(n)~Theabilitytoviewdataornavigatetoorwithinaphysicalorvirtualcomputer
environment.
Access2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionoftheMicrosoftrelationaldatabase
managementsystem.
accessaccount(n)~AnaccountusedtocrawlWebsites,serversandnetworkresources
includedinacontentindex.
Accessapp(n)~AnappforSharePointthatisbuiltbyusingAccessandhasitsdata
storedinSQLServerorSQLAzure.
AccessappforSharePoint(PN)~AnappforSharePointthatisbuiltbyusingAccessand
hasitsdatastoredinSQLServerorSQLAzure.
accessbar(n)~Atoolbarthatdockstothedesktop,similartothetaskbar.
accesscode(n)~Astringofcharactersenteredbyausertoverifyhisorheridentitytoa
networkortoalocalcomputer,device,orclient,ortosignintoanaccount,app,andso
on.
AccessConnectivityEngine(PN)~PartoftheAccessdatabasesystemthatretrievesand
storesdatainuserandsystemdatabases.Theenginecanbethoughtofasadatamanager
onwhichdatabasesystemsarebuilt.
accesscontrol(n)~Asecuritymechanismthatdetermineswhichoperationsauser,group,
service,orcomputerisauthorizedtoperformonacomputeroronaparticularobject,such
asafile,printer,registrysubkey,ordirectoryserviceobject.
AccessControl(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatprovidesfederatedauthentication
andrules-driven,claims-basedauthorizationforRESTWebservices.
accesscontrolentry(n)~Anentryineitherasecurableobject’sdiscretionaryaccess
controllist(DACL)oranobject’ssystemaccesscontrollist(SACL).InaDACL,the
entrygrantsordeniespermissionstoauserorgroup.InaSACL,theentryspecifieswhich
securityeventstoauditforaparticularuserorgrouporcontrolstheWindowsIntegrity
Levelfortheobject.
AccessControlEntryManagementView(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoset
accesslevelsforagroupofcontacts.
accesscontrollist(n)~InWindows-basedsystems,alistofaccesscontrolentries(ACE)
thatapplytoanentireobject,asetoftheobject’sproperties,oranindividualpropertyof
anobject,andthatdefinetheaccessgrantedtooneormoresecurityprincipals.
AccessControlService(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatprovidesfederated
authenticationandrules-driven,claims-basedauthorizationforRESTWebservices.
AccessControlTransactions(in100,000s)(PN)~Thepricingunitassociatedwiththe
offerMicrosoftAzurePay-As-You-Go(Partners).
Accessdatabaseengine(PN)~PartoftheAccessdatabasesystemthatretrievesand
storesdatainuserandsystemdatabases.Theenginecanbethoughtofasadatamanager
onwhichdatabasesystemsarebuilt.
AccessEdgeServer(n)~AservicethatrunsonLyncServerthatresidesintheperimeter
networkandroutesinstantmessaging(IM)andpresenceinformationfromexternalusers
tointernalusers.
AccessEdgeservice(n)~AservicethatrunsonLyncServerthatresidesintheperimeter
networkandroutesinstantmessaging(IM)andpresenceinformationfromexternalusers
tointernalusers.
accesskey(n)~Anycombinationofkeysthatmustbepressedsequentially.
accesslevel(n)~Asettingthatdetermineshowmuchinformationacontactcanview
aboutyou.
accesslevel(n)~Asecurityrolesettingthatdeterminesforagivenobjecttypeatwhich
levelswithintheorganizationhierarchyausercanactonthatobjecttype.
AccessLevelsManagement(PN)~AUIelementthatdisplaysauser’scontactsand
accesslevelentries(ACEs)organizedbyaccesslevel.
accessmask(n)~InWindows-basedcomputers,a32-bitvalue(abitmask)thatspecifies
thepermissionsthatareassignedinanaccesscontrolentry(ACE).Anaccessmaskisalso
partoftheaccessrequestwhenanobjectisopened.Theaccessmaskintherequestis
comparedtotheaccessmaskineachACEtodeterminewhetherornottograntthe
request.
Accessnumber(n)~Aproductthatisusedlikeacallingcard,thatallowsausertoentera
numbermanuallyanddialanyphonenumber.AnAccessnumberisatypeofSkypeTo
Gonumber.
accesspermissions(n)~Authorizationtoperformoperationsassociatedwithaspecific
sharedresource,suchasafile,directory,orprinter.Permissionsmustbegrantedbythe
systemadministratortoindividualuseraccountsoradministrativegroups.
accesspoint(n)~Adeviceusedtoconnectwirelesscomputersandotherwirelessdevices
toawirednetwork.
accesspoint(n)~OneofthefourcornerbuttonsonthescreenofaSurfaceunit.Inattract
applicationsorarunningstandardapplication,youcantouchanaccesspointtoopen
Launcher.InLauncher,youcantouchanaccesspointtocloseLauncherandreopena
runningapplication.
AccessPointName(n)~AfieldinthePropertiesdialogboxforGPRSinstallationitems
intheMobileDeploymentManagerMMCsnap-inthatenablestheusertospecifythe
wirelessaccesspointforthedevice.
accesspolicy(n)~Apolicywhichdefinesthepermissionsanddurationofaccesstoan
asset.
accessprivileges(n)~Thetypeofoperationspermittedforagivenuserofacertain
systemresourceonanetworkorafileserver.
accessprovider(n)~AbusinessthatsuppliesInternetconnectivityservicestoindividuals,
businesses,andotherorganizations.AnISPprovidesatelephonenumber,ausername,a
password,andotherconnectioninformationsothatuserscanaccesstheInternetthrough
theISP’scomputers.
AccessServices(PN)~AscalableWebplatformthatenablesuserstopublishanAccess
databaseapplicationtoaSharePointsite.Datainthesedatabasescanthenbeviewedand
editedinaWebbrowser.Thisenablesbrowser-basedviewingandinteractionwiththe
databasesonmachinesthatdonothaveadatabaseapplicationinstalled.
AccessServicesAdministration(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsadministrationofAccess
servicesthroughanadministrationinterfaceandpowershellscripts.
AccesstoAzureActiveDirectory(PN)~TheofferthatgivescustomersaccesstoAzure
ActiveDirectoryPremiumaspartoftheirvolumelicenseagreement.
accesstoken(n)~Adatastructurethatcontainsauthenticationandauthorization
informationforauser.Windowscreatestheaccesstokenwhentheuserlogsonandthe
user’sidentityisconfirmed.Theaccesstokencontainstheuser’ssecurityID(SID),the
listofgroupsthattheuserisamemberof,thelistofprivilegesheldbythatuser.Each
processorthreadstartedfortheuserinheritsacopyoftheaccesstoken.Insomecasesa
usermayhavemorethanoneaccesstoken,withdifferentlevelsofauthority.
accesstoken(n)~Adatastructurethatcontainsauthenticationandauthorization
informationforauserorapage.
accessURL(n)~TheinternalURLthatisusedbyacrawlertoidentifyandaccessan
item.
accessviolation(n)~Anattempttorunamemoryoperationthattheunderlyingpage
protectiondoesnotallow.Anaccessviolationappliestomemoryoperations,butdoesnot
applywhenthesecuritymanagerchecksuser-modeaccessrightstoobjects.
AccessWebDatasheet(PN)~AnActiveXcomponentthatisusedtoimplement
DatasheetviewinSharePoint.
AccessWebServicesAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatprovidesprogrammaticaccesstothe
capabilitiesonSharePoint.
access-basedenumeration(n)~Afeaturethatdisplaysonlythefilesandfoldersthata
userhaspermissionstoaccess.
access-deniedassistance(n)~Assistanceprovidedtouserswhoreceiveanaccessdenied’
errorwhileattemptingtoaccessafileorfolderonafileserverforwhichaccess-denied
assistancehasbeenenabledbytheadministratoroftheserver.’
accessibility(n)~Thequalityofasystemincorporatinghardwareorsoftwaretoengagea
flexible,customizableuserinterface,alternativeinputandoutputmethods,andgreater
exposureofscreenelementstomakethecomputerusablebypeoplewithcognitive,
hearing,physical,orvisualdisabilities.
AccessibilityAdvocate(PN)~AcollectionofOffice.comcontentaboutthepeopleand
toolsthatmakeworkandlifeeasierforpeoplelivingwithdisability.
accessibilityaid(n)~Autilitythatmakesacomputereasiertouseforpeoplewith
disabilities.Examplesofaccessibilityaidsincludescreenreaders,speechrecognition
programs,andon-screenkeyboards.
AccessibilityAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatcontainscontrolsandfeaturesthatfacilitate
accessibility.
AccessibilityChecker(PN)~AfeaturethathelpsusersofsomeOfficeapplicationsto
improvetheaccessibilityofdocumentstheycreate.
accessibilityfeature(n)~AsetoftechniquesthatyoucanusetomakeyourMicrosoft
Silverlight-basedapplicationsmoreaccessible.
AccessibilityScopeViewer(PN)~Thetoolthathelpsdesignersanddevelopersvisualize
theaccessibilityinformationofUIelements,asseenbyascreenreader.
AccessibilityWizard(n)~Aninteractivetoolthatmakesiteasiertosetupcommonly
usedaccessibilityfeaturesbyspecifyingoptionsbytypeofdisability,ratherthanby
numericvaluechanges.
accessor(n)~Adatastructureorgroupofstructurescreatedbytheconsumerthat
describeshowroworparameterdatafromthedatastoreistobelaidoutintheconsumer’s
databuffer,enablingproviderstooptimizeaccess.Anaccessorisacollectionofbindings.
accessory(n)~Adevice,suchasadiskdrive,printer,modem,orjoystick,thatis
connectedtoacomputerandiscontrolledbythecomputer’smicroprocessor.
accessoryapp(n)~Acompanionappforathird-partyhardwareaccessory.Thisapp
communicateswithboththephoneandahardwareaccessorytotransfernotificationdata
fromthephonetotheaccessory.
AccidentalDeletionProtection(n)~Afeaturetopreventthedirectoryfromunwanted
deletions.
account(n)~Arecord-keepingarrangementusedbythevendorofanonlineserviceto
identifyasubscriberandtomaintainarecordofcustomerusageforbillingpurposes.
account(n)~Therecord-keepingmechanismusedbynetworksandmultiuseroperating
systemsforkeepingtrackofauthorizedusers.
account(n)~Thepersonorbusinesstowhichthesalespersontriestosellaproductor
service.
account(n)~Thetypeofrecord-asset,liability,revenue,expense,orowner’sequity-
traditionallyusedforrecordingindividualtransactionsinanaccountingsystem.
Account(n)~AUIelementthatlinkstoAccountServicesorother,account-relatedsite.
account(n)~Anorganization’sauthorizationtoaccesstheLiveMeetingservice.
account(n)~PrivateinformationthatacustomerprovidestoestablishtheirWindows
LiveID.Thisinformationisseparatefromthecustomer’s(outward-facing)profileandis
neversharedwithoutexplicitconsent.
account(n)~Asetofattributesthatdefineauser’saccesstoagivenserviceor
application.
account(n)~Achronologicalrecordthatdescribesthechangesinvalueclassifiedas
assets,liabilities,expenses,andrevenue.
Account(PN)~AtabintheBackstageviewwhereuserscanmanagetheiridentitiesand
services,viewlicensingdetails,andlinktoaccountmanagementfeatures.
account(n)~AfeaturethatenablestheusertoseeSkypeactivity,changesettings,and
purchaseSkypeCredit.
Account(n)~Agroupofcustomerswhosharedatarelatedtotickets,chats,emails,calls,
andownedproductsandassets.
Account(PN)~ThesectionoftheStorewhereaccountholderscanmanagetheiraccount.
accountadministrator(n)~TheonlypersonwhoisauthorizedtoaccesstotheAzure
AccountCenterandcreatesubscriptions,cancelsubscriptions,changebillingfora
subscription,changeServiceAdministrator,andmore.
accountalias(n)~A20-character‘shortname’forapostingaccountinthechartof
accounts.Iftheaccountformathasanunusuallylargenumberofsegments,entering
aliasesratherthanaccountswillspeedupdataentry.
accountbalance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthesumofdebitentriesandthesumof
creditentriesenteredintoanaccountduringafinancialperiod.
accountcertification(n)~Theprocessthatassociatesuseraccountswithkeypairs.
accountcertificationservice(n)~AWindowsRMSWebservicethatcreatesand
distributesRMaccountcertificates.
accountcode(n)~Theuniqueidentifierforarecordthatholdsthebalancerelatingtoany
singleasset,liability,owner’sequity,revenue,orexpenseofthebusiness.
accountcodesegment(n)~Asectionofanaccountcodethatrepresentsatypeofentity
forwhichyouareaccounting.
accountdomain(n)~AWindowsNTdomainthatholdsuseraccountdata.
accountentry(n)~Arecordoftheincreaseordecreaseineconomicvalueclassifiedbya
ledgeraccount.
accountexpiration(n)~Atimelimitthatisappliedtothelifeofanaccount,sothatitcan
beusedonlyforapredeterminedperiodoftime.
accountfederationserver(n)~Thefederationserverthatislocatedinthecorporate
networkoftheaccountpartnerorganization.Theaccountfederationserverissuessecurity
tokenstousersbasedonuserauthentication.Theserverauthenticatesauser,pullsthe
relevantattributesandgroupmembershipinformationoutoftheaccountstore,and
generatesandsignsasecuritytokentoreturntotheuser-€”eithertobeusedinitsown
organizationortobesenttoapartnerorganization.
accountfederationserverproxy(n)~Thefederationserverproxythatislocatedinthe
perimeternetworkoftheaccountpartnerorganization.Theaccountfederationserver
proxycollectsauthenticationcredentialsfromaclientthatlogsonovertheInternet(or
fromtheperimeternetwork)andpassesthosecredentialstotheaccountfederationserver.
accountfororganizations(PN)~TheMicrosoftCommercePlatformportalthatgives
organizationstheabilitytoview,manage,andpurchaseMicrosoftorganizationalservices,
licenses,andsubscriptions,likeO365,WindowsIntune,andGSM,fromasinglelocation.
accountID(n)~Arecord-keepingnumberusedtoidentifyasubscriber/customerandto
maintainarecordofcustomerusageforbillingpurposes.
accountinformation(n)~Therequiredinformationprovidedinordertoauthorizeaccess
totheenterpriseapplication.
accountlinking(n)~TheprocessoflinkingWindowsuseraccountstoWindowsLiveIDs
orotheronlineaccounts,allowingseamlessinteractionbetweenthetwoauthentication
models.Asaresult,userscanbeautomaticallyloggedintotheironlineserviceswhen
loggingintoWindows.TheycanalsosharewithotherusersbasedontheirWindowsLive
IDs(orother),grantingthemspecificpermissionstofilesandfolders(readonly,read-
write,etc.).
accountlockout(n)~AWindowssecurityfeaturethatlocksauseraccountifanumberof
failedlogonattemptsoccurwithinaspecifiedamountoftime,basedonsecuritypolicy
lockoutsettings.Lockedaccountscannotlogon.
accountmanager(n)~AMicrosoftemployeewhoistheprimarycontactforthebusiness
relationshipbetweentheOEMandMicrosoft.
accountmanager(n)~Thepersonwhosetsupandmaintainsthesystemsandrecords
relatedtoauthorizedusersofmulti-usercomputernetworksoroperatingsystems.
accountmapping(n)~Specifiesmapsbetweentextinpaymentdescriptionsandthedebit
orcreditaccountthatyouwantthepaymenttobematchedwithwhenyouusetheMatch
AutomaticallyfunctionintheGeneralJournalwindow.
accountname(n)~Thepartofane-mailaddressthatidentifiesauseroranaccountonan
e-mailsystem.
AccountNumber(PN)~AfieldlabelontheDetailstabofanaccountthatliststhe
numberassignedtotheaccount.Theaccountnumberisincludedasapartofthecompany
profile.
accountnumber(n)~Theidentifyingalphanumericcharactersthathavebeenassignedto
anaccount.
accountowner(n)~Apersonwhosignsupforanaccount.Somefeatures,suchasbilling,
purchasingaccountadd-ons,andcreatinge-mailaccounts,areavailabletotheaccount
owneronly.
accountpartner(n)~AfederationpartnerthatistrustedbytheFederationServiceto
providesecuritytokenstoitsusers(thatis,usersintheaccountpartnerorganization)so
thattheycanaccessWeb-basedapplicationsintheresourcepartner.
Accountpartnerdiscoveryform(n)~ThetitleoftheWebformusedtodeterminethe
client’saccountpartnermembership.
accountpicture(n)~Agraphicalrepresentationthat’sassociatedwithauseraccountfor
WindowsandWindowsLive.
accountpolicy(n)~Onlocalareanetworksandmultiuseroperatingsystems,asetofrules
governingwhetheranewuserisallowedaccesstothesystemandwhetheranexisting
user’srightsareexpandedtoincludeadditionalsystemresources.Anaccountpolicyalso
generallystatestheruleswithwhichtheusermustcomplywhileusingthesysteminorder
tomaintainaccessprivileges.
accountreconciliation(n)~Thepracticeofreconcilingaccounts.
accountrecord(n)~Thelocationforstoringaccountinformation,includinginformation
thatisenteredontheAccountform,linkedrecords,andhistoryitems.
accountrule(n)~Aruleinanaccountingsystemthatcontrolsthevalidfinancial
dimensionvaluecombinationswhentherequirementsofthefinancialdimensionstructure
conditionaremet.
accountset(n)~Anamedgroupofledgeraccounts.
AccountSetupAssistant(PN)~Theassistantthathelpsusersconfiguresomeofthemost
widelyusede-mailaccounts,suchasPOP,IMAP,WindowsLiveHotmail,andMicrosoft
Exchangeaccounts.
accountstatement(n)~Adetailedreportofthetransactionsandbalanceofanaccount.
accountstructure(n)~Aconfigurationofthemainaccountfinancialdimensionandother
financialdimensions.
accountupdater(n)~AfeatureofWindows8mobilebroadbandnetworkingthatisused
tobindanaccountthatauserhaswithamobilebroadbandserviceproviderbothtoa
uniqueidentifierthatweuseinWindowstoidentifythatuser,andtotheuser’sSIMcard.
accounting(n)~Thepracticeofrecording,classifying,summarizing,andreportingthe
financialconsequencesofaccountingevents.
accounting(n)~Theprocessoftrackingand/oranalyzinguseractivitiesonanetworkby
loggingkeydata(e.g.amountoftimeinthenetwork,servicesaccessed,amountofdata
transferred).
Accounting&finance(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelp
businesseswithaccounting,bookkeeping,andfinancialtasks.
accountingapplication(n)~Aprogramthathelpsauserperformtasksrelatedto
accounting.
accountingcategory(n)~Aclassifierusedtogroupjournalaccountentriesaccordingto
theireconomiccharacteristics.
accountingcurrency(n)~Thecustomarymonetaryunitofmeasurethatisusedtorecord
themonetaryvalueofeconomicresourcesinledgeraccounts.
accountingcurrencyunit(n)~Acurrencyunitusedtoquantifythefinancial
consequencesofaccountingevents.
accountingcustomer(n)~Acustomerintheaccountingapplicationthatislinkedtoa
BusinessContactManageraccount.
accountingcycle(n)~Arecurringsetofdocumenting,journalizing,balancing,and
statementpreparationactivitiesperformedbypartiesthatreportonandanalyzethe
financialpositionandperformanceofaccountingentities.
accountingdata(n)~Informationfromtheaccountingsystem.
accountingdistribution(n)~Adistributionofthefinancialconsequenceofaneconomic
transactiontoledgeraccounts.
accountingdistributionline(n)~Thesublineofasourcedocumentlinedocumentingthe
financialconsequenceofaneconomictransactionthatdocumentsthedistributionofan
aliquotportionofthefinancialconsequencetoaledgeraccount.
accountingentity(n)~Arealorconceptualeconomicunitthatusesledgeraccountsto
recordandreportonitsfinancialandmanagementperformance.
accountingevent(n)~Theoccurrenceofanaccountingactioninanaccountingsystem.
accountingeventliquidityclassification(n)~Theliquidityclassificationofan
accountingevent.
AccountingIntegration(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertoaccessinformationfrom
anaccountingsystemfromwithinBusinessContactManagerforOutlook.
accountingjournal(n)~Ajournalthatisusedtorecordthefinancialconsequencesof
accountingeventsinanaccountingsystem.
accountingjournalentry(n)~Arecordoforiginalentryinanaccountingsystemthat
recordsadate,oneormoreaccounts,andthemonetaryvaluetobedebitedorcreditedto
eachaccount.
AccountingLoader(n)~Softwarerequiredtoconnecttotheaccountingsystem.
accountingperiod(n)~Adivisionofafiscalyearthatisreflectedonfinancialstatements.
accountingpolicy(n)~Apolicythatprescribesthegeneralprinciplesandproceduresthat
anorganizationfollowstopreparestatementsthatreportonitsperformance.
accountingprovider(n)~Aproviderthatrecordsclientactivityforanalysisor
accountingpurposes.
accountingrule(n)~Aruleinanaccountingsystemthatcontrolstheprinciples,methods,
andproceduresforclassifying,recording,andreportingthefinancialconsequencesof
accountingevents.
accountingsystem(n)~Theaccountingprogram.
accountsdatabase(n)~Adatabasewhichstoresuseraccountsandtheirnetworkaccess
properties.
Accountspage(n)~Thepageforcreatingandadministeringindividualuseraccounts,and
addingnewadministrators.
accountspayable(n)~Agroupofpostingaccountsthatshowtheamountsowedto
suppliersorcreditorsforgoods,supplies,orservicespurchasedoncredit.
accountspayable(n)~Asubclassificationofaliabilityaccountclassificationthat
describesthechangesinvalueowedtovendorsorcreditors.
accountspayablethree-wayinvoicematching(n)~Apracticeofmatchingvendor
invoicepricesandproductquantitiestopurchaseordersandproductreceipts.
accountsreceivable(n)~Agroupofpostingaccountsthatshowtheamountscustomers
oweforservicesorsalesmadeoncredit.
accountsreceivable(n)~Asubclassificationofanassetaccountclassificationthat
describesthechangesinvalueowedbycustomers.
accrualaccounting(n)~Anaccountingmethodthatrecognizesrevenueswhentheyare
earnedandexpenseswhentheyareincurred,regardlessofwhentheyarereceivedorpaid.
accrualbasisaccounting(n)~Anaccountingmethodthatrecognizesrevenueswhenthey
areearnedandexpenseswhentheyareincurred,regardlessofwhentheyarereceivedor
paid.
accrualmethod(n)~Anaccountingmethodthatrecognizesrevenueswhentheyare
earnedandexpenseswhentheyareincurred,regardlessofwhentheyarereceivedorpaid.
accruedcost(n)~Atransactionthatisrecordedinaprofitandlossaccountbyanexpense
transaction.
accruedcost(n)~Theaccumulatedvalueofcostsrecognizedfrominvoicingajob.The
accruedcostispostedtoanaccruedexpenseliabilityaccountinthebalancesheet.
accruedrevenue(n)~Revenueearnedinoneaccountingperiodbutreceivedina
subsequentaccountingperiod.
AccScope(PN)~Thetoolthathelpsdesignersanddevelopersvisualizetheaccessibility
informationofUIelements,asseenbyascreenreader.
accumulatedcost(n)~Thecostsofinventory,overhead,materials,labor,andservices
thataggregateintoonetotalcost.
accumulateddepreciation(n)~Thesumofposteddepreciationsforalltheperiodsin
whichafixedassethasbeeninservice.
accumulation(n)~Profitsthatareaddedtothecapitalofanorganizationinsteadofpaid
toinvestorsasdividends.
accumulator(n)~Anaccumulationofnumericdatathatcanbeusedforreporting
purposes,suchasyearlytaxableearningsfortheT4orW2statement,orusedina
calculation.Forexample,CanadaPensionPlan,SocialSecurity,Medicare,and
withholdingtaxesarebasedonaccumulators.Thecontentsofanaccumulatorcanbe
manuallyadjusted,preset,anddeleted.
ACD(n)~Asystemthatautomaticallyroutesandqueuesincomingphonecallsand
generatesreportstoanagentorasetofagents,e.g.,inacallcentersuchasforcustomer
service.
ACE(n)~Anentryineitherasecurableobject’sdiscretionaryaccesscontrollist(DACL)
oranobject’ssystemaccesscontrollist(SACL).InaDACL,theentrygrantsordenies
permissionstoauserorgroup.InaSACL,theentryspecifieswhichsecurityeventsto
auditforaparticularuserorgrouporcontrolstheWindowsIntegrityLevelfortheobject.
ACE(PN)~PartoftheAccessdatabasesystemthatretrievesandstoresdatainuserand
systemdatabases.Theenginecanbethoughtofasadatamanageronwhichdatabase
systemsarebuilt.
ACEManagementView(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertosetaccesslevelsfora
groupofcontacts.
ACH(oth)~AnelectronicfundstransfersystemavailableintheUnitedStatesthat
facilitatesthetransferoffundsbetweenreceivingpartyandoriginatingpartybank
accounts.
achievement(n)~Anaccomplishmentasdefinedbyagame.
ACID(n)~Thefouressentialpropertiesofanelectronictransaction.Atomicityrequires
thatatransactionbefullycompletedorelsefullycanceled.Consistencyrequiresthat
resourcesusedaretransformedfromoneconsistentstatetoanother.Isolationrequiresall
transactionstobeindependentofeachother.Durabilityrequiresthatthecompleted
transactionbepermanent,includingsurvivalthroughsystemfailure.
Acid(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#34.
AcidJazz(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#74.
AcidPunk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#73.
ACK(n)~Amessagetransmittedtoindicatethatdatahasbeenreceivedcorrectly.The
TransmissionControlProtocol(TCP)requiresthattherecipientacknowledgesuccessful
receiptofdata.Suchacknowledgments(ACKs)generateadditionalnetworktraffic,
decreasingtherateatwhichdatapassesbutincreasingreliability.Toreducetheimpacton
performance,mosthostssendanacknowledgmentforeveryothersegmentorwhena
specifiedtimeintervalhaspassed.
acknowledgement(n)~Amessagetransmittedtoindicatethatdatahasbeenreceived
correctly.TheTransmissionControlProtocol(TCP)requiresthattherecipient
acknowledgesuccessfulreceiptofdata.Suchacknowledgments(ACKs)generate
additionalnetworktraffic,decreasingtherateatwhichdatapassesbutincreasing
reliability.Toreducetheimpactonperformance,mosthostssendanacknowledgmentfor
everyothersegmentorwhenaspecifiedtimeintervalhaspassed.
ACL(n)~InWindows-basedsystems,alistofaccesscontrolentries(ACE)thatapplyto
anentireobject,asetoftheobject’sproperties,oranindividualpropertyofanobject,and
thatdefinetheaccessgrantedtooneormoresecurityprincipals.
Acoustic(adj)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#99.
ACP(n)~Athird-partyorganizationthatprovidesaudioconferencingservicesoverpublic
switchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN).
ACPI(n)~Anopenindustryspecificationthatdefinespowermanagementonawide
rangeofmobile,desktop,andservercomputersandperipherals.ACPIisthefoundation
fortheOnNowindustryinitiativethatallowssystemmanufacturerstodelivercomputers
thatstartatthetouchofakeyboard.ACPIdesignisessentialtotakefulladvantageof
powermanagementandPlugandPlay.
acquisitiondate(n)~Thedatethatanassetisacquired.
ACR(n)~Amethodofevaluatingtransmittedvoicequalitywheresubjectsrate(from1to
5)shortgroupsofunrelatedsentencesundercontrolledconditions.
acronymcasingguideline(n)~Arulethatclarifieswhetheranacronymistobespelt
withupper-orlowercaseletteroramix.
ACRS(oth)~Asystemofdepreciationthatassignsdepreciationmethodstodifferent
classesofassets.CreatedbytheEconomicRecoveryTaxActof1981forU.S.tax
purposesandmodifiedbytheTaxReformActof1986.
acrylicendpanel(n)~TheendpanelofaSurfacecommercialunitthatiscoveredwitha
coloredacrylicfinish.Incontrast,developerunitshavemetalendpanels.
acrylicsidepanel(n)~ThesidepanelofaSurfacecommercialunitthatiscoveredwitha
coloredacrylicfinish.Incontrast,developerunitshavemetalsidepanels.
ACS(PN)~Aservicethatcollectsandforwardsallsecurityeventsfrommonitored
computerstoacentraldatabase.
ACSclaimrule(n)~ThelogicusedbyACStotransforminputclaimsintooutputclaims;
claimrulesarecontainedwithinrulegroupsandaretherebyassociatedwithrelyingparty
applications.
ACSdatabase(oth)~ThedatabaseinwhichAuditCollectionServicesstoresallthe
securityeventsthatitcollectsfrommonitoredcomputers.
ACSmanagementportal(n)~AWeb-baseduserinterfacethatACSadministratorscan
usetomanagetheconfigurationsettingsofaspecificACSnamespace
ACSmanagementservice(n)~ARepresentationalStateTransfer(REST)Webservice
thatenablesprogrammaticmanagementofanACSnamespace,usingtheOpenData
(OData)protocol.
ACSrulegroup(n)~Anamedsetofrulesthatdefinewhichclaimsarepassedtoa
relying-partyapplication.
ACSrulesengine(n)~ThecomponentinACSthatprocessestheinputclaimsthatare
presentinthesecuritytokensthatACSreceivesfromclientsandwhichgeneratesthe
outputclaimsthatarepresentinthesecuritytokensthatACSissuestorelying-party
applications.
ACSserviceidentity(n)~AcredentialthatisregisteredwithanACSnamespaceand
intendedforusebyautonomousapplicationsorclients.
ACT(PN)~Asuiteoftoolsthatenablessoftwaredevelopers,independentsoftware
vendors(ISVs),andenterpriseITprofessionalstodeterminewhethertheirapplicationsare
compatiblewithanewversionofWindowsbeforerollingitouttothecompany.ACTalso
enablessuchindividualstodeterminehowWindowssecurityupdatesmayimpacttheir
applications.
ACTCommunity(PN)~AnonlineenvironmentthatenablesApplicationCompatibility
Toolkit(ACT)userstoanonymouslyshareissueandsolutiondatawithotherregistered
ACTusers.
ACTDataCollector(PN)~AcomponentoftheApplicationCompatibilityToolkitthat
installsthecompatibilityevaluators,maintainsthecompatibilityevaluatorscheduling,
collectsyourdatathroughthecompatibilityevaluators,anduploadstheissuedatatoboth
theMicrosoftCompatibilityExchangeandyourACTdatabase.
ACTLogProcessingService(PN)~Theservicethatprocessesthelogfilesuploaded
fromyourclientcomputers,addingtheinformationtoyourACTdatabase.
ACT-DC(PN)~AcomponentoftheApplicationCompatibilityToolkitthatinstallsthe
compatibilityevaluators,maintainsthecompatibilityevaluatorscheduling,collectsyour
datathroughthecompatibilityevaluators,anduploadstheissuedatatoboththeMicrosoft
CompatibilityExchangeandyourACTdatabase.
action(n)~Thebasicbuildingblockofamacro;aself-containedinstructionthatcanbe
combinedwithotheractionstoautomatetasks.Thisissometimescalledacommandin
othermacrolanguages.
action(n)~Aunitofworkthatisrepresentedtousersintheformofbuttons,links,and
menuitems.
action(n)~AnamedentitymadeupofanXMLdocumentandanoperationonthat
document.Webservicescanbegeneratedfromactions.
action(n)~Anend-user-initiatedoperationonaselectedcubeorportionofacube.
action(n)~Aworkflowthatisusedtoprocessanyfurtheractivitiesaftertheoriginal
requesthasbeencompletedsuccessfully.
action(n)~Anobjectthatdoessomethingwhenitisinvokedbyatrigger.
action(n)~AfunctionthatcorrespondstotheThen’partofarule(If-Then)andisusedto
specifywhatistobedonewhenaconditionevaluatesastrue.’
action(n)~Anoptionpresentedtotheuserthrougharight-clickmenuthatsimplifies
commonOfficetasksandprovidesmorecontroloverautomaticfeatures.
action(n)~Anactthathasaneffectinasystem.
action(n)~Awaytocategorizeeventsbasedonentrypoints,suchaspagecalls,button
clicks,webservicecalls,orsomeotheratomicactionrepresentingaparticularbusiness
process.Thisgroupingisvaluablefordeterminingunderwhatcircumstancesafailure
occurs.
action(n)~AdataserviceoperationthatisboundtoaURIthat,whencalled,hasaside-
effectondataexposedbythedataservice.
action(n)~Anentityinagraphedgethatistheoperationtheactorperformsontheobject.
Action(n)~Operationsthatareperformedonaticketbyacustomerorcustomerservice
representative(CSR)toprovideinformation,changeticketstatus,andnotifyCSRsor
customersofchangestotheticket.
action+adventure(PN)~Agamecategorythatemphasizesactionorexploration
elements.
actionaccount(n)~TheWindowsaccountthatisusedbytheMonitoringHost.exe
processestogatherdatafromprovidersandtorunactions,suchasscriptsandcommand-
linebatchfiles,onmonitoreddevices.
actionargument(n)~Additionalinformationrequiredbysomemacroactions-for
example,theobjectaffectedbytheactionorspecialconditionsunderwhichtheactionis
carriedout.
ActionBar(PN)~Ahorizontalpanefoundalongthebottomoftheapplicationwindow
thatbothdisplaysandletsyouchangethetransformationsappliedtooneormoreobjects
(thelocation,rotation,scaling,skewing,andsoon).
actionbutton(n)~Aready-madebuttonthattheusercaninsertintohis/herpresentation
anddefinehyperlinksfor.
ActionCenter(PN)~AcomprehensivePCmaintenancecenterthatprovidestheuserwith
asinglepointofentryfortasksandnotificationsassociatedwithPCHealth,i.e.security,
diagnostics,problemreportsandsolutions,howtoupdatethesystem(WindowsUpdates),
performance,reliability,backupandrestore,andcompletePCbackup(recoveryand
RescuemyPC).
actioncenter(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesquickaccesstosettingsandnotifications
specifiedbytheuser.
actiongesture(n)~InTabletPCInputPanel,agesture(penstroke)usedtoperforma
basicaction,suchasinsertingaspaceordeletingsomething.
ActionItems(n)~Afeaturethatidentifiesapossiblequestionorrequestedactioninan
emailmessageandenablestheusertotakeactiononitfromwithinthemessage.
actionlist(n)~ThelistthatappearswhenyouclickthearrowintheActioncolumnofthe
Macroobjecttab.
actionlog(n)~Arecordoftheactionsthathavebeentakenduringthelifetimeofan
incidenttoresolvetheincident.Examplesincludecommentsbytheanalyst,
communicationsfromtheuser,attachments,andtaskoutputs.
ActionPack(PN)~AnannualsubscriptionthatprovidesMicrosoftpartnerswithaccess
tothelatestMicrosoftsoftware,technicalsupportandtraining,world-classdeveloper
tools,andcustomizablesalesandmarketingcampaigns.
actionpage(n)~AsingleASPfilethatprovidesaparticularaspectofthefunctionality
associatedwithamoduleinCommerceServerBusinessDesk.Forexample,definingthe
propertiesofaparticularproduct.Actionpagesaretypicallydisplayedasaresultof
clickingamodulenameinthenavigationpane,orasaresultofclickingataskbutton
presentedbya(probably)differentactionpageinthesamemodule.
actionpane(n)~ApanethatprovideseasyaccesstofeaturesavailableintheAdd-infor
Excel.ItincludestheAssignmentstabandtheAuthoringtab.
ActionPane(PN)~Acontroldirectlybeneaththemenubarthatcontainscommandsthat
areparticularlyimportantfortheuserinagivencontextandarethereforepromoted
commands.Thesepromotedcommandsareasubsetofthecommandsavailableinthe
Actionsmenuonthemenubar.
actionquery(n)~Aquerythatcopiesorchangesdata.
actionrecording(n)~Afileinwhichtheuser’sinputandactionsinoneormany
applicationsforeachstepinatestarerecorded.Youcanthenplaybackthisaction
recordingtoautomaticallyrunspecificteststeps.
actionrecordingsection(n)~Apartofanactionrecordingthatisbasedonthestepsthat
youmarkaspassedorfailedinatest.Eachtimeyoumarktheoutcomeofateststep,a
newsectionoftheactionrecordingiscreated.
actionrow(n)~ArowintheupperpartoftheMacrowindowinwhichyouentermacro
names,actions,conditions,andcommentsassociatedwithaparticularmacroormacro
group.
actionshot(n)~Aphotothatillustratesactionbyblendingmultipleframesofashort
videotocreateastrobeeffectintheresultingstillimage.
actionstate(n)~Inanactivitydiagram,atypeofstatethathasaninternalactionandat
leastoneoutgoingtransitionthatinvolvestheexpliciteventsofcompletingtheinternal
action.
actionstatement(n)~Thesmallestexecutableentitywithinaprogramminglanguage.
actiontable(n)~Asetofrules,storedasanADORecordset,thatdefinehowworkflow
itemscanchangestate.Eachrowinanactiontablerepresentsapossiblestatetransitionin
theworkflow.
actiontype(n)~Aclassificationthatdescribeswhatanactiondoes.
Actions(n)~Thenameofamenufromwhichthecustomercanchoosetocreatenew
Accounts,BusinessContacts,andOpportunityrecords,aswellashistoryitemsthatcanbe
attachedtoselectedrecords.
Actions(PN)~Thenameofamenufromwhichtheusercancallsomeone,sendaninstant
messageore-mail,scheduleorjoinaconference,startavideoconversation,setoptions,
startaLiveMeeting,orruntheAudioandVideoTuningWizard.
Actions(PN)~Amenuitemthatenablesuserstoinitiateoperations,suchassendingan
instantmessageorplayingagame.
actionsgroup(n)~Asetofcommandsontheactionspanethataregroupedtogether
logicallywithalabelthatcharacterizesthetypeofcommand.Forexample,thecommands
withthelabel-€œNew-€?intheexamplebelowconstituteanactionsgroup.
actionspane(n)~Apanelistingtasksoractionthatcanbeperformed.
activate(v)~Tomakeachartsheetorworksheettheactive,orselected,sheet.Thesheet
thatyouactivatedetermineswhichmenubarandtoolbarsaredisplayed.
activate(v)~Toverifythatyoursoftwareproductisalegalcopyandisinstalledin
compliancewiththeMicrosoftSoftwareLicenseTerms.
activate(v)~Tomakearecord,file,orotherdataavailableinthesystem.
activate-as-activatorserver(n)~Aserverorrunningobjecttableobjectthatisnota
serviceorrunningunderaspecificuseraccount.
activation(n)~ThechainofeventsthatresultsinthecreationofaCOMobjectand
returningavalidpointertoaninterfaceonthatobject.
activation(n)~TheprocessofstartingaserviceprograminresponsetoaServiceBroker
message.
activation(n)~Theprocessofvalidatingsoftwarewiththemanufacturer.Activation
confirmsthegenuinestatusofaproductandthattheproductkeyhasnotbeen
compromised.Itestablishesarelationshipbetweenthesoftware’sproductkeyanda
particularinstallationofthatsoftwareonadevice.
activation(n)~Inasequencediagram,thetimeperiodduringwhichanobjectoractoris
performinganaction.Activationisrepresentedbyathinrectangle.
activation(n)~TheprocessofassigninganidentityonMicrosoftOnlineServicestoa
useraccountthathasbeenmigratedfromalocalActiveDirectory.
activation(n)~Theactwhen,anassignedusersuccessfullyreceivestheaccessrightsofa
privilegedrole.
ActivationAssistant(PN)~AMicrosoftHTMLapplicationthatenablesuserstoretrieve
atrialkeytoactivateavailableOffice2007releaseprogramsforalimitedtimeperiod.
Trialkeysareretrievedbyusingtheowner’sInternetconnectiontocommunicatewitha
dedicatedservice.
ActivationAssistant(PN)~Atoolbarapplicationthatallowsuserstouseacombination
ofacomputerIDandanactivationcodetoactivateWindows,withoutusingaproductkey.
activationblock(n)~Agroupingofstepsoractionswithinanactivitymodel.
activationclock(n)~Atypeofcountdowntimerthatisinitiallysetto30daysduring
whichyoumustactivateaninstallationofWindows.IfyoudonotactivateWindows
withinthe30-dayperiodanddonotresettheactivationclock,Windowswillenter
ReducedFunctionalityMode.
activationcode(n)~Aunique12-charactercodethatisusedincombinationwitha
computerIDtoactivateWindowsinlicensingmodelswhereaproductkeyisnotusedfor
activation.
activationconfirmationmessage(n)~Ane-mailmessagesentfromMicrosoftOnline
Servicestellingauserthattheuser’saccounthasbeenactivatedandsupplyingauser
nameandpasswordforinitiallog-on.
activationexploit(n)~Anexploitthatattemptstoworkaroundproductactivation.
activationgate(n)~Anauthenticationorauthorizationgatethattheanassigneduserhas
tocompleteinordertoactivatearole.
ActivationKey(n)~Theunique,25-characternumberthatactivatesprepaidcomputing
withWindows.
activationobject(n)~Anobjectusedbyoneormoreclientcomputerstoactivatea
volumelicenseforanapplicationsuchasWindowsorOffice.Theactivationobject
containstheIDoftherootdomainandtheenduserlicensedatafromtheactivationand
validationservice.
activationpassword(n)~ApasswordthatisspecifictotheBlackBerry(R)deviceuser
account.TheBlackBerryEnterpriseServeractivatesaBlackBerrydeviceoverthe
wirelessnetworkusingthewirelessactivationauthenticationprotocol.Typicalactivation
passwordsarefourtoeightcharacterslong.
activationservice(n)~TheMicrosoftserviceresponsibleforplacingasecurerepository
onanenduser’scomputer.
activationtoken(n)~AuniqueidentifierthatactivatesaMicrosoftAzureConnect
endpointandislinkedtothecustomer’sMicrosoftAzuresubscription.
active(adj)~Pertainingtothedevice,program,file,recordorportionofthescreenthatis
currentlyoperationalorsubjecttocommandoperations.
ActiveAccessibility(PN)~Atechnologythatimprovesthewayprogramsandthe
operatingsystemworkwithaccessibilityaids,suchasscreenreaders.
activearea(n)~Aconversationareawhereactiveconversationsandassociated
informationaredisplayed.
activeattractapplication(n)~Theattractapplicationthatisconfiguredtoshowwhen
usersstartnewusersessionsonaSurfaceunit.Youcanaddmanyattractapplicationstoa
Surfaceunit,butonlyonecanbetheactiveattractapplication.
ActiveCache(n)~Aclient-sidecacheandcachingservicethatenablesProjectProto
interactdirectlywiththelocalcacheonthemachineratherthanwiththeserver,foropens
andsaves,andthenhandlesmovinganychangestotheprojectplanbetweentheclientand
ProjectServer.
activecell(n)~Theselectedcellinwhichdataisenteredwhenyoubegintyping.Only
onecellisactiveatatime.Theactivecellisboundedbyaheavyborder.
ActiveChannel(n)~AWebsitethathasbeenenabledforWebcastingtoinformation-
receivingapplications.
activeclient(n)~Theclient-sidesetoftechnologiesinMicrosoft’sActivePlatformfor
Web-oriented,cross-platformdistributedcomputing.ThechieffeaturesoftheActive
ClientincludesupportforHTMLanddynamicHTML,language-independentscripting,
Javaapplets,andActiveXobjects.ActiveClientisoperatingsystemindependent,soit
runsonmultipleplatforms,includingMicrosoftWindows,UNIX,andAppleMacintosh.
activeclustermember(n)~Anodethatisrunningandparticipatinginclusteroperations.
activecolor(n)~Thecolordisplayedinthecentralsquareofthecolorboxthatappearsin
mostworkpanes.Theactivecolorisusedwhenyoucreateanewobjectandwhenyouadd
fillsandpatternstoaselectedobject.
activecolorpalette(n)~Asubsetofupto256ofthecolorsintheTrueColorspectrum.
activecontent(n)~InteractiveoranimatedcontentusedontheInternet.Activecontent
includesActiveXcontrolsandwebbrowseradd-ons.
activecontrol(n)~Inanenvironmentcapableofdisplayingmultipleon-screencontrols,
thecontrolthatwillbeaffectedbycurrentcursormovements,commands,andtextentry.
activeconversationarea(n)~Aconversationareawhereactiveconversationsand
associatedinformationaredisplayed.
activedate(n)~Thedateatwhichsomethinggoesintoeffectorbecomesapplicable.
ActiveDesktop(PN)~OneofthetwocomponentsinstalledwithWindowsDesktop
Update.ActiveDesktopallowsuserstoaddactivecontent,suchasastockticker,totheir
desktop,taskbar,orfolders.Userscanalsosingle-clickfilestorunandopenthem.Active
DesktopcanbedisabledintheInternetExplorerAdministrationKit,evenifWindows
DesktopUpdateisinstalled.
ActiveDirectoryaccount(n)~Theidentityofauser,whichcanbeusedtograntaccess
toresourcesorauthoritytoperformcertaintasks.
ActiveDirectoryAdministrativeCenter(PN)~Aroleserviceandfeaturethatprovides
usersandnetworkadministratorswithanenhancedActiveDirectorydatamanagement
experienceandarichgraphicaluserinterface(GUI)toperformcommonActiveDirectory
objectmanagementtasks.BuiltontopofWindowsPowerShelltechnology,Active
DirectoryAdministrativeCentermakesitpossibleforusersandnetworkadministratorsto
administerdirectoryserviceobjectsthroughbothdata-drivenandtask-orientednavigation.
ActiveDirectoryB2C(PN)~AnAzureservicetypeoftheIdentityservice,forsingle
signontoallcloud-basedapplicationsfortransactionsandrelatedactivitybetweena
businessandcustomers.
ActiveDirectoryCertificateServices(n)~Asoftwareservicethatissuescertificatesfor
aparticularcertificationauthority(CA).Itprovidescustomizableservicesforissuingand
managingcertificatesfortheenterprise.Certificatescanbeusedtoprovideauthentication
support,includingsecuree-mail,Web-basedauthentication,andsmart-cardauthentication.
ActiveDirectoryConnector(n)~AnActiveDirectorysynchronizationagentthat
providesanautomatedwayofkeepingdirectoryinformationconsistentbetween
directories.
ActiveDirectorycontact(n)~AnActiveDirectoryobjectthatcontainsinformationabout
anindividualsuchasname,address,andjobtitle.Itcanincludeaforeigne-mailaddress.
ActiveDirectorycontainer(n)~TheidentitythatActiveDirectorygivestoacollection
ofobjects,suchasagroupofusersoradomainofcomputers.
ActiveDirectorycredentials(n)~Asetofsign-incredentials(usernameandpassword)
foranActiveDirectoryaccount.
ActiveDirectorydatamodel(n)~AmodelderivedfromtheLDAPdatamodel.The
directoryholdsobjectsthatrepresententitiesofvarioussorts,describedbyattributes.The
objectsandclassesofobjectsthatcanbestoredinthedirectoryaredefinedintheschema.
Foreachclassofobjects,theschemadefinestheattributesaninstanceoftheclassmust
have,theadditionalattributesitcanhave,andtheclassthatcanbeitsparent.
ActiveDirectoryDeltaDiscovery(n)~AdiscoveryoptionthatallowsConfiguration
ManagertodiscoveronlyneworchangedresourcesinActiveDirectoryindependentlyof
afulldiscoverycycle.
ActiveDirectoryDomain(PN)~Acollectionofobjects(asingleuser,agroup,ora
hardwarecomponent)withinaMicrosoftActiveDirectorynetwork.
ActiveDirectoryDomainServices(n)~TheMicrosoftWindowsbaseddirectoryservice.
ActiveDirectoryDomainServicesstoresinformationaboutobjectsonanetworkand
makesthisinformationavailabletousersandnetworkadministrators.
ActiveDirectoryDomainServicesInstallationWizard(PN)~Thetoolthatisusedto
installandremoveActiveDirectoryDomainServices(ADDS).
ActiveDirectoryFederationServices(PN)~AcomponentthatprovidesWebsingle-
sign-on(SSO)technologies.AD-FSprovidesSSObysecurelysharingdigitalidentityand
entitlementrightsacrosssecurityandenterpriseboundaries.AD-FSsupportstheWS-
FederationPassiveRequestorProfile(WS-FPRP).
ActiveDirectoryForestDiscoverymethod(n)~AConfigurationManagerdiscovery
methodthatsearchesforActiveDirectorysitesandsubnetsinActiveDirectoryforests.
ActiveDirectoryGroupDiscoverymethod(n)~AConfigurationManagerdiscovery
methodthatsearchesforthegroupmembershipsof-computersandusersbypolling
ActiveDirectoryDomainServices.
ActiveDirectorygroupvalidation(n)~Aprocedurethatensurestheuniquenessofthe
accountnameofagroupwithinadomainstoredinActiveDirectory.
ActiveDirectoryLightweightDirectoryServices(n)~ALightweightDirectoryAccess
Protocol(LDAP)directoryservicethatprovidesflexiblesupportfordirectory-enabled
applications,withouttherestrictionsofActiveDirectoryDomainServices(ADDS).
ActiveDirectoryLightweightDirectoryServicesinstance(n)~Asinglecopyofthe
ActiveDirectoryLightweightDirectoryServices(ADLDS)directoryservicethat
includesitsassociateddirectorystoreanditsapplicationeventlog.
ActiveDirectoryLookup(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesClientforNFSandServerfor
NFStoobtainuseridentifier(UID)andgroupidentifier(GID)informationdirectlyfrom
ActiveDirectory.
ActiveDirectoryManagementAgent(PN)~TheIdentityLifecycleManager
managementagentprovidedbyMicrosofttoconnecttoActiveDirectoryDomainServices
(ADDS)orActiveDirectorydirectoryservice.
ActiveDirectoryMetadirectoryServices(n)~AMicrosofttechnologythatcreates
joinedviewsofdatacontainedinmultipledirectoryservices.
ActiveDirectoryobject(n)~AnentitythatcanholdanidentityinaWindows
environment,suchascomputers,printers,mobiledevices,users,groups,andsoon.
ActiveDirectoryPremium(PN)~TheadvancedofferingoftheMicrosoftAzureActive
Directoryservicethatincludesadditionalcapabilitiesbeyondthefreeofferingof
MicrosoftAzureAD.
ActiveDirectoryprovider(n)~AmechanismformappingobjectstoWindowsMedia
Instrumentation.
ActiveDirectoryRightsManagement(PN)~TheMicrosofttechnologythatallows
customerstoprotecttheirdatabyencryptingandmanagingaccessrightsindocument
authoring,email,andpublishing.
ActiveDirectoryRightsManagementServices(n)~AMicrosofttechnologydesignedto
helpenterprisecustomerscontrolandprotectcriticaldigitalinformationbyofferingeasy-
to-use,flexible,andpersistentpolicyexpressionandenforcement.
ActiveDirectoryschema(n)~Thesetofdefinitionsofeveryobjectclassthatcanbe
createdinActiveDirectory,aswellasthedefinitionsofeveryattributethatcanbe
assignedtothatobjectclass.
ActiveDirectorySecurityGroupDiscoverymethod(n)~AConfigurationManager
discoverymethodthatsearchesforsecuritygroupresourcesbypollingActiveDirectory
DomainServices.
ActiveDirectoryServiceInterfaces(n)~Adirectoryservicemodelandasetof
ComponentObjectModel(COM)interfaces.ADSIenablesWindowsapplicationsand
ActiveDirectoryclientstoaccessseveralnetworkdirectoryservices,includingActive
Directory.
ActiveDirectorysite(n)~AcollectionofInternetProtocolsubnets,usuallyusedto
connectagroupofcomputersthatarephysicallyclosetoeachother.
ActiveDirectorysynchronization(n)~Theprocessofmatchinguseraccountsandmail-
enabledcontactsandgroupsfromthelocalActive-Directorydirectoryservice.
ActiveDirectorySystemDiscoverymethod(n)~AConfigurationManagerdiscovery
methodthatsearchesforsystemresourcesbypollingActiveDirectoryDomainServices.
ActiveDirectorySystemGroupDiscoverymethod(n)~AConfigurationManager
discoverymethodthatsearchesforsystemgroupresourcesbypollingActiveDirectory
DomainServices.
ActiveDirectoryUserDiscoverymethod(n)~AConfigurationManagerdiscovery
methodthatsearchesforcomputeruserresourcesbypollingActiveDirectoryDomain
Services.
ActiveDirectoryUsersandComputers(n)~Anadministrativetoolusedbyan
administratortoperformday-to-dayActiveDirectoryadministrationtasks.Thetasksthat
canbeperformedwiththistoolincludecreating,deleting,modifying,moving,andsetting
permissionsonobjectsstoredinthedirectory.ExamplesofobjectsinActiveDirectoryare
organizationalunits,users,contacts,groups,computers,printers,andsharedfileobjects.
ActiveDirectory-basedactivation(n)~Theactivationofsystemsinanenterprise
environmentbyusinganestablishedActiveDirectoryimplementationandthesamekey
types.
ActiveDirectory-integratedprimaryzone(n)~ADNSzoneforwhichthezone
informationisstoredintheActiveDirectoryobjectstructure.
activedocument(n)~Thedocumentinwhichyouareworking.
activedocument(n)~AdocumentthatcontainsActiveXcontrols,Javaapplets,HTML
pages,ordocumentobjectsfordisplayinInternetExplorer.
activedocumentwindow(n)~Inanenvironmentcapableofdisplayingmultipleon-
screenwindows,thewindowcontainingthedocumentthatwillbeaffectedbycurrent
cursormovements,commands,andtextentry.
activeelement(n)~Thelayoutcontainerelementthatiscurrentlysubjecttospecial
operations,suchasaddingchildelementsordefiningcolumnsandrows.Theactive
elementisidentifiedbyayellowboundingbox.
activeend(n)~Theendingpointforaselectedrangeofobjects.Itisusuallyestablished
attheobjectlogicallynearestthehotspotofthepointerwhenauserreleasestheprimary
mousebutton.
activefield(n)~Thefieldonaforminwhichthecursororpointerispositioned.
activefile(n)~Thefileaffectedbyacurrentcommand—typicallyadatafile.
activegeo-replication(n)~Theprocessofcontinuouslycopyingchangesfromaprimary
databasetooneormoreactivesecondarydatabasesinthesameordifferentgeographic
regions.
activehyperlink(n)~AhyperlinkthatiscurrentlyselectedinaWebbrowser.SomeWeb
browsersindicatetheactivehyperlinkbychangingitscolor.
activeidentity(n)~Theidentitytheuserhasloggedonwith.
activeingredient(n)~Aningredientinaformulathathasaspecifiedconcentrationand
potency.
activemailbox(n)~Amailboxthathasbeenaccessedatleastonceinthelast30days.
activemailboxmigration(n)~Thestageduringthee-mailmigrationwhenthemigration
serviceisactivelyprovisioningnewcloud-basedmailboxes.
ActiveManagementTechnology(n)~AnIntelnetworkingmanagementtechnologythat
issupportedbyConfigurationManageroutofbandmanagement,whichenablesa
ConfigurationManageradministratortomanagedesktopcomputersindependentlyfrom
theConfigurationManagerclientorthecomputeroperatingsystem.
ActiveManager(PN)~AnExchange2010componentthatmanagesswitchoversand
failoverandrunsoneveryserverinaDAG.ActiveManagerprovidesfunctionalitythat
replacestheresourcemodelandfailovermanagementfeaturespreviouslyprovidedby
integrationwiththeClusterservice.
ActiveMessagingProtection(n)~Aprocessbywhichantivirusandanti-spamagentsand
filtersareappliedtoe-mailmessagesforthepurposeofstoppingunsolicitedormalicious
e-mailsfromenteringtheorganization.
activemonitoring(n)~GivesLyncsystemadministratorstheabilitytomonitorpools,
servers,andnetworksacrossdatacentersthroughthepublicInternet.
activeobject(n)~Theobjectwithwhichtheuseriscurrentlyinteractingorthathasthe
inputfocus.
activeobject(n)~Inacollaborationdiagram,anobjectrolethatcaninitiatecontrol.
Typicalactiveobjectsincludeprocessesandtasks.Incontrast,apassiveobjectholdsdata
andmaysendmessages,butitdoesnotinitiatecontrol.
ActiveOn(PN)~AsetofimprovedavailabilitycapabilitiesintroducedinWindows
Server8.
activepage(n)~Thepagethatiscurrentlyavailableforeditinginadocument.
activepartition(n)~Apartitionfromwhichacomputerstartsup.Theactivepartition
mustbeaprimarypartitiononabasicdisk.IfyouuseWindowsexclusively,theactive
partitioncanbethesameasthesystemvolume.
activepattern(n)~Apatternthatenablesyoutodefinenamedpartitionsthatsubdivide
inputdata,sothatyoucanusethesenamesinapatternmatchingexpression.
activepowerplan(n)~ThepowerplanthatiscurrentlyselectedinPowerOptionsin
ControlPanel.
activepresenter(n)~Thepresenterwhosename(andoptionalphoto)isdisplayedinthe
NowPresentingpaneduringameeting.
activeprogram(n)~Theprogramcurrentlyincontrolofamicroprocessor.
activerequisition(n)~Arequisitionforwhichabusinessprocesshasbeeninitiated,but
notcompleted.
activescreening(n)~Ascreeningmethodthatpreventsusersfromsavingfilesthatare
membersofblockedfilegroups,andgeneratesnotificationswhenuserstrytosave
blockedfiles.
activescripting(PN)~AMicrosofttechnologythatusesCOMtorunthird-partyscriptsin
MicrosoftInternetExplorerwithoutregardtolanguageandotherelementsof
implementation.
activesecondarydatabase(n)~Acontinuouslyupdatedcopyoftheprimarydatabase
created[…]forthepurposesofdataredundancy.Theactivesecondarydatabaseis
readablebutcannotbeupdateduntilthecontinuouscopyrelationshipwithitsprimaryis
terminated.
activeselection(n)~Thecurrentselectionofcells,rows,orcolumnsthatincludesthe
activecellinadatasheet.
ActiveServer(n)~Theserver-basedcomponentofMicrosoft’sActivePlatform.
ComprisedofasetoftechnologiesthatincludesDCOM(distributedcomponentobject
model),ActiveServerPages,MicrosoftTransactionServer,andmessagequeues,Active
Serverprovidessupportfordevelopingcomponent-based,scalable,high-performance
WebapplicationsonMicrosoftWindowsNTservers.ActiveServerisdesignedtoallow
developerstoconcentrateoncreatingInternetandintranetsoftwareinavarietyof
languageswithouthavingtofocusontheintricacyofthenetworkitself.
ActiveServercomponent(n)~AnOLEAutomationcomponentdesignedtorunonthe
serversideaspartofaWebapplication.ThesecomponentsareactivatedthroughActive
ServerPages(ASP)technologybutdon’trequireaWindowsinterface.
ActiveServerPageExtension(n)~ThestandardfileformatusedforASPpageswritten
withASP.NET.
ActiveServerPages(n)~AWeb-orientedtechnologydevelopedbyMicrosoftthatis
designedtoenableserver-sidescripting.
ActiveServerPagesbuffering(n)~AfunctionalityofActiveServerPages(ASP)that
temporarilystoresalloutputthatisgeneratedbyascriptuntilscriptexecutioniscomplete
andthensendstheoutputtoaclient.
ActiveSetup(n)~Anapplicationthatcollectsinformationabouttheuser’scomputer
beforedownloadofInternetExplorerbegins,andthenusesthisinformationtomanagethe
downloadintelligently.
activesheet(n)~Thesheetthatyou’reworkingoninaworkbook.Thenameonthetabof
theactivesheetisbold.
activesoftwareupdatepoint(n)~Thesoftwareupdatepointforasitethatinteractswith
WindowsServerUpdateServices(WSUS)toconfiguresoftwareupdatessettingsand
managesoftwareupdatessynchronization.Theactivesoftwareupdatepointcanaccept
connectionsfromtheintranetandtheInternet.
ActiveStatePowerManagement(n)~Apower-savingmodewhichreservespowerby
ensuringefficientexecutionofcomputingtasksandbyreducingthenumberof
componentsrunningunnecessarilywhennotactuallyinuse.
activestatement(n)~ASQLstatementthathasbeenrunbutwhoseresultsethasnotyet
beencanceledorfullyprocessed.
ActiveTemplateLibrary(n)~Asetofcompact,template-basedC++classesthat
simplifytheprogrammingofComponentObjectModelobjects.ATLprovidesthe
mechanismtouseandcreateCOMobjects.
ActiveTemplateLibraryserver(n)~AserverthathousesanActiveTemplateLibrary.
activetime(n)~Theentiredurationofatimeline,includingforwardandbackward
iterations.Forexample,atimelineprogrammedtoplayforwardandthenbackward,once,
isactivefortwicethespecifiedduration—oncefortheforwarditerationandonceagain
forthebackwarditeration.
activeupgrade(n)~Anupgradethatisperformedonasequencedapplicationpackage
withoutshuttingdowntheserverthatstreamsit.
activevendor(n)~Avendorwithwhombusinessisbeingconductedonaregularbasis.
ActiveView(n)~AfeatureinHotmailthat’sdesignedtohelppeoplegetmoredoneon
thewebwithouthavingtoleavetheirinbox.ActiveViewdisplaysdirectlyinthebodyof
thee-mailmessage,showingeitherpreviewstootherwebcontentorinteractiveelements
createdbythesenderthatlettherecipientcompletecoretasks.Apreviewmessage
examplemightincludeareferencetoafileonaphoto-sharingorvideo-sharingwebsite
thattherecipientcanviewinthemessage,orpackage-trackinginformationthat’s
extractedfromashippingwebsite.Interactivescenariosmightincluderatingmoviesand
updatingwishlistsonmovie-rentalwebsitesorrespondingtoinvitationsorcommentson
socialnetworkingwebsites.
activevolume(n)~Thevolumefromwhichthecomputerstartsup.Theactivevolume
mustbeasimplevolumeonadynamicdisk.Youcannotmarkanexistingdynamic
volumeastheactivevolume,butyoucanupgradeabasicdiskcontainingtheactive
partitiontoadynamicdisk.Afterthediskisupgradedtodynamic,thepartitionbecomesa
simplevolumethatisactive.
activewindow(n)~Thewindowinwhichauseriscurrentlyworkingordirectinginput.
AnactivewindowistypicallyatthetopoftheZorderandisdistinguishedbythecolorof
itstitlebar.
active/activemode(n)~ThemodeinwhichApplicationRequestRoutingisdeployedon
twoormoreserverstoachievebothhighavailabilityandscalability.
active/passivemode(n)~ThemodeinwhichApplicationRequestRoutingisdeployed
ontwoARRserversthatprocessrequestsandthattogetheractasafailoverserver.This
configurationcanachievehighavailability,butisstilllimitedbythemaximumcapacityof
oneARRserver.
active-statepowermanagement(n)~Apower-savingmodewhichreservespowerby
ensuringefficientexecutionofcomputingtasksandbyreducingthenumberof
componentsrunningunnecessarilywhennotactuallyinuse.
ActiveX(PN)~Asetoftechnologiesthatallowssoftwarecomponentstointeractwithone
anotherinanetworkedenvironment,regardlessofthelanguageinwhichthecomponents
werecreated.
ActiveX~AWindowstechnologywhichallowsprogrammerstodovariousthingson
yourcomputer.Theearlyversionshadsecurityissueswhichhackerscouldexploit.
ActiveXAnimation(n)~AnanimationthatutilizesActiveXtechnology.
ActiveXcomponent(n)~Areusablesoftwarecomponentthatcanbeusedtoincorporate
ActiveXtechnology.
ActiveXcontrol(n)~AsoftwarecontrolthatincorporatesActiveXtechnology.
ActiveXDataObjects(n)~AdataaccessinterfacethatcommunicateswithOLEDB-
compliantdatasourcestoconnectto,retrieve,manipulate,andupdatedata.
ActiveXDataObjects(Multidimensional)(n)~Ahigh-level,language-independentset
ofobject-baseddataaccessinterfacesoptimizedformultidimensionaldataapplications.
ActiveXDataObjectsMultiDimensional.NET(PN)~A.NETmanageddataprovider
thatprovidesaccesstomultidimensionaldatasources,suchasMicrosoftSQLServer
AnalysisServices.
ActiveXkillbit(n)~AregistryvaluethatcontainstheCLSIDofallcontrolsthatare
vunerabletosecurityflaws.
ActiveXobject(n)~AnobjectsuppliedbyacomponentthatsupportsAutomation.
activity(n)~Apatternofworkperformedtogetherforasinglepurpose.Anactivitymay
useorproduceworkproductsandmaybetrackedbyaworkitem.
activity(n)~Inastatechartdiagram,theresponseanobjectinaparticularstatemakesto
aneventwithoutchangingitsstate.Unlikeactions,activitieshavenon-negligible
executiontimesandcanbeinterrupted.Thekeyworddoindicatesanactivity.
activity(n)~Acollaborativeaction,suchassharing,calendarsharing,orusinga
whiteboard.
activity(n)~AunitofprogrambehaviorinWindowsWorkflowFoundation.Single
activitiescanbecomposedtogetherintomorecomplexactivities.
activity(n)~Auseraction,suchasachangetostatus,socialtags,orprofiles.Notification
ofthesechangescanbesenttootherusersthroughanactivityfeed.
activity(n)~InWindowsLive(primarilythroughprofile),onlineactions,suchas
updatingastatusmessage,publishingphotos,orupdatingprofileinfo.Theseactionscan
takeplaceonWindowsLiveoronotherservicessomeonehasconnectedtotheirprofile,
suchasFacebookorTwitter.Theseactionscanshowupasupdatesinfeedswithin
WindowsLiveoronconnectedservices.
activity(n)~Afunctionalworkstructureinwhichoneormorepersonsandpiecesof
equipmentparticipateandinwhichresourcesareconsumed,produced,andused.An
activitycanbedecomposedintosubactivities.
activity(n)~Asingletaskinarunbookthatperformsaspecificfunction.
activity(n)~Thepostsandcommentsthatareoccurringonasocialnetworkpage,for
exampleaFacebookPage.
activityassembly(n)~A.DLLoran.EXEfilecontaininga.NETassemblythat
implementsthelogicforaworkflowactivity.
activitybutton(n)~Abuttonatthebottomofthenavigationpaneusedforgroupinglist
placesinwhicharecommontoataskoraworkprocessrelevanttotheusersrole.When
theactivitybuttonisactivated,thenavigationpanedisplaysthelinkstothelistplaces
whichhavebeenassignedtothatactivitybuttonandthecontentareadisplaysoneofthe
listplacesassignedtotheactivitybutton.
activitycompany(n)~Anycompanyfromwhichtransactiondataisincludedona
centralizedcustomerstatement.
activitydata(n)~Datageneratedaspartofabusinesstransactionbyexecutinganactivity
withinanapplication.Itischaracterizedbyanexclusivewriteaccesspattern.
activitydiagram(n)~Aspecialcaseofastatechartdiagraminwhichallofthestatesare
actionstatesandthetransitionsaretriggeredbythecompletionofactionsinthesource
state.
activityfeed(n)~Afeedthatprovidesinformation,notificationsandupdatesbasedon
people,documents,andtagsyouarefollowing.
ActivityFeeds(PN)~AsolutioninMicrosoftDynamicsCRMthatdisplayspostsabout
records.
activityimplementer(n)~AuserwhohasbeenassignedtheActivityImplementerrole
andwhoimplementsanassignedmanualactivity.
activitylog(n)~Ahistoricrecordofthestateofasourcedocument.
ActivityMap(PN)~Real-timevisualizationofasteadystreamofpostsonamap.Fresh
postsshowupastheycomeinandolderpostsfadeoutofthemapafterauser-defined
amountoftime.
activitymodel(n)~Apredefinedsequenceofactions.
activitymodelstep(n)~Asynonymforanactionfromtheviewpointofanactivity
model.Whenanactioniscontainedwithinanactivitymodel,itisreferredtoasanactivity
modelstep.
activityoccurrence(n)~Aninstanceofanactivity.
activityplan(n)~Ascheduleforplanningtheactivitiesthatoftenfollowthecompletion
ofaproject.
ActivityPropagation(PN)~Asystemjobthatdistributesactivitiestorecords.
activityreport(n)~Areportthatanadministrator,parent,orguardiancanviewshowing
children’sorfamilymembers’onlineactivity.
ActivityReporting(n)~AnoptiononWindowsParentalControlthat,ifselected,creates
logsofalltheactionsperformedbyauseronthecomputer.
activitystatus(n)~Thecondition,ataparticulartime,ofanactivity.
activitystream(PN)~ThesetofautomaticYammerpostsinarecord.
ActivityTracker(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsausertotrackphysicalactivity.
actor(n)~Apersonorprocessthateitherstartsorparticipatesinanactivity.Actorscanbe
eitherinitiatorsortargets.
actor(n)~Arepresentationofaroleplayedbyanoutsideobject.Onephysicalobject,
therefore,mayberepresentedbyseveralactors.
actor(n)~Anentityinagraphedgethatperformstheaction.
actorclass(n)~ThebasiccomponentofaROOMstructurediagram.Thespaceinsidethe
actorcancontainactorreferences,behaviorendports,referenceports,bindings,andlayer
connections.Thebordercancontainclassrelayportsandclassendports.
actorreference(n)~Theactorsthatdefinecomponentsofyourstructurediagram.Actor
referencescanappearonlyinsideanactorclass.Anactorreferencecanhavereference
portsonitsoutsideborder.
actual(adj)~Pertainingtoinformationthatshowswhathasactuallyoccurred.For
example,theactualstartdateforataskisthedaythatthetaskactuallystarted.
ActualCapacity(n)~Theamountoftimearesourcehasavailabletoworkatanygiven
pointintime.ActualCapacityisequaltoCapacityminusresourcecalendarexceptions
(e.g.offsitetraining,moraleevents,juryduty)andpreviouslyscheduledcommittedwork
(Projecttaskassignmentswithtype=committed).Thisisthemostvaluablemeasurefor
schedulingaresource.
actualcost(n)~Thedefinitecostincurredintheperformanceofanactivity.
actualcost(n)~Thecostofanitemasrecordedonthepurchasereceipt.
actualcostofworkperformed(n)~Theactualcostsincurredforworkalready
performedbyaresourceonatask,uptotheprojectstatusdateortoday’sdate.
actualdemand(n)~Thetotalquantityofanitemrequestedonallorders.
actualdemand(n)~Thedemandforproductsdrivenbycustomerorders.
actualduration(n)~Theamountoftimeataskhasbeeninprogress.
actualquantity(n)~Themeasuredquantitythatisinputintooroutputfromanactivity.
actualvalue(n)~AvalueforaKPIthatiscomparedtoapredefinedtargetvalue.
actualwork(n)~Theamountofworkthathasbeenperformedonataskorassignment.
actuals(n)~Theamountofworkthathasbeenperformedonataskorassignment.
acuteaccent(n)~The-´character.
ACWP(n)~Theactualcostsincurredforworkalreadyperformedbyaresourceonatask,
uptotheprojectstatusdateortoday’sdate.
ad(n)~ApieceofcontenttobedeliveredbyCommerceServerbasedonaspecific
formulafordeliveryreferredtoasNeedofDelivery(NOD).
AD(n)~OneoftheDistributedSystemDesignersthatcompriseTeamArchitect.The
ApplicationDesignerisusedtodesignindividualapplicationsthatcomprisean
applicationsystem.
AD(n)~Aboundarythatthecommonlanguageruntimeestablishesaroundobjects
createdwithinthesameapplicationscope(thatis,anywherealongthesequenceofobject
activationsbeginningwiththeapplicationentrypoint).Applicationdomainshelpisolate
objectscreatedinoneapplicationfromthosecreatedinotherapplicationssothatrun-time
behaviorispredictable.Multipleapplicationdomainscanexistinasingleprocess.
adclick(n)~Ameasurementoftheuser-initiatedactionofrespondingtoanadby
clickingonanelement,causingaredirecttoanotherWeblocation,frame,orpagewithin
theadvertisement.
adclickrate(n)~Theratioofadclickstoadrequests,usedtoquantifyaudienceresponse
toanadvertisement.
ADCS(n)~Asoftwareservicethatissuescertificatesforaparticularcertification
authority(CA).Itprovidescustomizableservicesforissuingandmanagingcertificatesfor
theenterprise.Certificatescanbeusedtoprovideauthenticationsupport,includingsecure
e-mail,Web-basedauthentication,andsmart-cardauthentication.
ADDS(n)~TheMicrosoftWindowsbaseddirectoryservice.ActiveDirectoryDomain
Servicesstoresinformationaboutobjectsonanetworkandmakesthisinformation
availabletousersandnetworkadministrators.
ADFS(n)~AcomponentthatprovidesWebsingle-sign-on(SSO)technologies.AD-FS
providesSSObysecurelysharingdigitalidentityandentitlementrightsacrosssecurity
andenterpriseboundaries.AD-FSsupportstheWS-FederationPassiveRequestorProfile
(WS-FPRP).
adhocnetwork(n)~AtemporarynetworkusedforsharingfilesoranInternet
connection.Inanadhocnetwork,computersanddevicesareconnecteddirectlytoeach
otherinsteadoftoahuborrouter.
adhocreport(n)~Atypeofreportthatrequiresuserstoselectthedatathattheywantto
displayonthereportandtodesignthelayoutofthereport.
adhocreporting(n)~Areportingsystemthatenablesenduserstorunqueriesandcreate
customreportswithouthavingtoknowthetechnicalitiesoftheunderlyingdatabase
schemaandquerysyntax.
adID(n)~Anidentificationnumberthatisgeneratedforanadthatyoucreate.
ADLDS(n)~ALightweightDirectoryAccessProtocol(LDAP)directoryservicethat
providesflexiblesupportfordirectory-enabledapplications,withouttherestrictionsof
ActiveDirectoryDomainServices(ADDS).
ADLDSinstance(n)~AsinglecopyoftheActiveDirectoryLightweightDirectory
Services(ADLDS)directoryservicethatincludesitsassociateddirectorystoreandits
applicationeventlog.
admediation(n)~Atechnologythatenablesapppublisherstosendadrequeststo
multipleadnetworkstoensurethatpublisherscanmatchtherightadnetworkstotheright
inventoryandmaximizetheadrevenue.
ADMS(n)~AMicrosofttechnologythatcreatesjoinedviewsofdatacontainedin
multipledirectoryservices.
adnetwork(n)~AnaggregatororbrokerofadvertisinginventoryforagroupofWeb
sites.Adnetworksactassalesrepresentativesformembersites.
adrequest(n)~AnopportunitytodeliveranadvertisingelementtoaWebsitevisitor.
Requestsaregeneratedbyeventsonthesite,suchasarequestforaparticularpageorthe
purchaseofaspecificitem.TheadusedtofulfilltherequestisdeterminedbytheNeedof
Delivery.
ADRMS(n)~AMicrosofttechnologydesignedtohelpenterprisecustomerscontroland
protectcriticaldigitalinformationbyofferingeasy-to-use,flexible,andpersistentpolicy
expressionandenforcement.
adscheduler(n)~Aprogramofeventsorappointmentstoschedulelargenumberof
advertisements.
ADSync(PN)~Asoftwaretoolforconnectingtodatasources,synchronizingdata
betweendatasources,aswellastheprovisioninganddeprovisioningofidentities.
AD-FSWebAgent(PN)~AninstallableroleserviceofAD-FSthatisusedtocreatean
AD-FS-enabledWebserver.AnAD-FSWebAgentconsumesincomingsecuritytokens
andauthenticationcookiesthataresignedbyavalidfederationserver-€”toeitherallowor
denyauseraccesstotheprotectedapplication-€”whiletakingintoconsideration
application-specificaccesscontrolsettings.
AD-FS-enabledWebserver(n)~AWebserverthatisconfiguredwiththeappropriate
AD-FSWebAgentsoftware-€”eithertheclaims-awareagentortheWindowstoken-
€“basedagent-€”whichisnecessaryforauthenticatingandauthorizingfederatedaccessto
locallyhosted,Web-basedapplications.
Adamsync(n)~Acommand-linetoolthatsynchronizesdatafromanActiveDirectory
foresttoanActiveDirectoryApplicationMode(ADAM)instance.
adaptedmember(n)~AnapparentmemberofanMshObjectthatissurfacedbyan
adaptedviewofthebaseobject.
adapter(n)~Aprintedcircuitboardthatenablesapersonalcomputertouseaperipheral
device,suchasaCD-ROMdrive,modem,orjoystick,forwhichitdoesnotalreadyhave
thenecessaryconnections,ports,orcircuitboards.Commonly,asingleadaptercardcan
havemorethanoneadapteronit.
adapter(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatenablesmessageexchangethroughaspecific
transport.
adapterframework(n)~ThespecificationsforbuildingBizTalkadaptersusingopen
standardsbasedonWebServices.
adapterhost(n)~TherootabstractclassAdapter,whichdefinesthehandshakebetween
theadapterandtheStreamInsightserverintheENQUEUEinteractionpoint.Itprovides
alltherequiredadapterservicessuchasmemorymanagement,andexceptionhandling.
adapterobject(n)~Akernel-modeobjecttypethatrepresentsadirectmemoryaccess
(DMA)channel.
adaptivebrightness(n)~Automaticdisplayadjustmentthatchangesthebrightnessof
yourPCscreen(laptopanddesktop)usinglightenvironmentinformationprovidedbythe
ambientlightsensor.
adaptivecompression(n)~Datacompressionsoftwarethatcontinuallyanalyzesand
compensatesitsalgorithm,dependingonthetypeandcontentofthedataandthestorage
medium.
adaptiveformat(n)~AtypeofformatthatusesExtensibleApplicationMarkup
Language(XAML’)tooptimizethelayoutofapage.Bydeclaringadocumentadaptive
adaptivelayout(n)~Alayoutsystemthatenablesthevisualelementsinanapplicationto
adapttochangesinthesizeoftheoverallapplicationwindow.
adaptivelayout(n)~Alayoutthathasbeenpre-definedfordifferentorientationorsize
thresholds.
AdaptiveSQM(PN)~AnextensiontoSQMthatallowsMicrosofttocauseclients
sendingreportsmatchingapatterntoperformsomepredefinedaction.
adaptivestreaming(n)~Amethodofstreamingvideothatenablesaudioandvideo,
playedbackfromtheWeb,todynamicallyadjustitsplaybackqualityaccordingtothe
bandwidthcapabilitiesoftheuserwhoisplayingbackthevideo.
adaptiveupdate(n)~Anupdateprocessthatusesananalysisofhistoricalinformation
accumulatedoverallpreviousupdatestodeterminewhichdocumentsarelikelytohave
changed.Onlythiscontentisaccessedduringthecrawl.
ADC(n)~AnActiveDirectorysynchronizationagentthatprovidesanautomatedwayof
keepingdirectoryinformationconsistentbetweendirectories.
adCenterDesktop(PN)~BingAdsEditorisadesktopapplicationthatenablesusersto
managetheirBingAdspaidsearchcampaignsoffline.
Add(v)~Abuttononthe‘AddaPersontotheCall’dialogbox.Onceacallisconnected,
clickingAddaddsthecalltothecurrentconversation.
add(v)~Tojoinorcombinetherebyincreasingthequantityorsizeofsomething.
AddaContact…(PN)~AnitemontheContactsmenuthatopensawizardtoguidethe
userthroughthestepstoaddoneormorepersonsfromthecorporateaddressbooktothe
user’spersonalcontactlist.
AddaPersontotheCall(oth)~AbuttoninaconversationwindowthatopenstheAdda
PersontotheCall’dialogbox.Theusercancallanumberfortheselectedparticipantto
addthemtothecurrentcall.’
addcall(PN)~Abuttonthatappearsduringanactivephonecall,allowingausertoadd
anotherpersontohis/herconferencecall.
Addcontent(PN)~ThebuttoninSwaythatallowsfortheadditionofHeaders,Textand
MediafromtheWeborlocaldevice,andLayoutoptionsattheindicatedlocation.
AddDomainsarea(n)~TheareaoftheOrganizationspagewherehostedcustomerscan
setupadditionaldomains.
AddServiceReference(v)~DialogboxenablestheusertoaddreferencestoWindows
CommunicationFoundation(WCF)servicesandWCFDataServices.
AddSourceSafeDatabaseWizard(n)~AwizardthatlocatesandconfiguresaVisual
SourceSafedatabase.Ifyoucannotfindanexistingdatabasetouse,thewizardallowsyou
tocreateanewone.
AddTimeStamp(v)~AbuttonintheCommentssectionthattheusercanclicktoadda
dateortimestamp.
AddtoContactsList(PN)~Anitemontheshortcutmenuthataddsaselectedpersonto
theuser’sContactslist.
Addtodictionary(PN)~Amenuitemthatenablestheusertoaddawordmarkedasa
misspellingtothedictionaryusedbythespellingchecker.
AddtoOneNote(v)~AUIoptionthatenablestheusertoaddcontentfromanapplication
toOneNote.
addendum(n)~Thepartofanagreementthatdefinesthebusinessprocessthatisused,
yourrole,yourpartner’srole,andthepoliciesorparametersthatareusedinthat
relationshipalongwithdocumentation,suchasalistofbusinessandlegalterms.
add-in(n)~Asupplementalprogramthatcanextendthecapabilitiesofanapplication
program.
add-infunction(n)~Aworksheetfunctionthatisprovidedbyanadd-in,insteadofbeing
built-in.
add-inview(n)~Inthe.NETFrameworkadd-inprogrammingmodel,anassemblythat
containsinterfacesorabstractbaseclasses,andrepresentstheadd-in’sviewofthe
methodsandtypesusedtocommunicatewithahost.
add-in-sideadapter(n)~Inthe.NETFrameworkadd-inprogrammingmodel,an
assemblythatcontainsoneormoreclasses,andconvertsdatatoandfromtheadd-inview
andthecontract.Dependingonthedirectionofthecall,theadapteriseitherconverting
fromaviewtoacontractorfromacontracttoaview.
additionoperator(n)~The+character,usedtoindicateadditionorapositivenumber.
AdditionalActions(PN)~Acontext-menucommandthatcanlaunchanoperationwitha
selecteditemasaparameterorretrieveinformationabouttheselecteditem.Actionsare
enabledbycubeadministratorsandaredefinedinSQLServerAnalysisServices.
additionaldisplay(n)~Acomputermonitorthatsupplementsthemainmonitor.
additionalrequirement(n)~AlistofrequirementsandperipheralsintheWindowsStore
thathelptheapphaveoptimalfunctionality.
add-on(n)~Adevicethatisaddedtothebasecomputersystemtoincreasefunctionality,
suchasaudio,networking,graphics,orSCSIcontroller.
add-ondevice(n)~Adevicethatisaddedtothebasecomputersystemtoincrease
functionality,suchasaudio,networking,graphics,orSCSIcontroller.
add-onpackage(n)~AnXMLfileintheaddonsfolderoftheDatastore.Add-on
packagesareusedtodeployfilesoranapplicationtoadeviceoremulator.
address(n)~AstringthatidentifiesausersothattheusercanreceiveInternetemail.An
emailaddressontheInternettypicallyconsistsofanaccountname,followedbythe@(at)
symbol,ahostname,andadomainname.
address(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatidentifiesanetworknodetoothernodesonthe
network.
address(n)~Anumberspecifyingalocationinmemorywheredataisstored.
address(v)~Toreferenceaparticularstoragelocation.
address(n)~Thepathtoanobject,document,file,page,orotherdestination.Anaddress
canbeaURL(Webaddress)oraUNCpath(networkaddress),andcanincludeaspecific
locationwithinafile,suchasabookmarkwithinadocumentoracellrangewithina
spreadsheet.
AddressBarTopResult(PN)~Thefeaturethatallowsuserstonavigatedirectlytothe
webpageofthetop-rankedsearchresultwhenasearchisperformedintheaddressbar.
addressbook(n)~Acollectionofcontactinformationforparticularindividuals,groups
ororganizations.
AddressBook(PN)~Adirectorythatyoucanusetostorenames,e-mailaddresses,fax
numbers,anddistributionlists.
addressbook(n)~Alistofpartyrecords.
AddressBookService(n)~AservicethatrunsonanOfficeCommunicationsServer
FrontEndServeranddailysynchronizesSIPuserdataontheclientwithrefreshesfrom
ActiveDirectory.
addressclass(n)~ApredefinedgroupingofInternetaddresseswitheachclassdefining
networksofacertainsize.Therangeofnumbersthatcanbeassignedforthefirstoctetin
theIPaddressisbasedontheaddressclass.ClassAnetworks(values1to127)arethe
largest,withmorethan16millionhostspernetwork.ClassBnetworks(128to191)have
upto65,534hostspernetwork,andClassC(192to223)canhaveupto254hostsper
network.
addresslist(n)~AcollectionofrecipientandotherActiveDirectoryobjects.Each
addresslistcancontainoneormoretypesofobjects(forexample,users,contacts,groups,
publicfolders,conferencing,andotherresources).
addressmask(n)~Anumberthat,whencomparedbythecomputerwithanetwork
addressnumber,willblockoutallbutthenecessaryinformation.Forexample,ina
networkthatusesXXX.XXX.XXX.YYYandwhereallcomputerswithinthenetworkuse
thesamefirstaddressnumbers,themaskwillblockoutXXX.XXX.XXXanduseonlythe
significantnumbersintheaddress,YYY.
AddressName(PN)~AnattributeoftheAddressentityusedtoidentifyanaddress.Itisa
requiredfieldontheAddressform.
addresspool(n)~TheaddresseswithinaDHCPscoperangeofaddressesthatare
availableforleaseddistributiontoclients.
addressrange(n)~AcontiguousrangeofIPaddresses.
addressrecord(n)~AtypeofresourcerecordintheDomainNameSystemthat
associatesaspecificIPaddresswithadomainname.Thisistherecordthatcontainsthe
informationthatconnectsyourdomainnametoyouractualWebsitecontentwhenpeople
typeyourdomainnameintoabrowser.
addressreservation(n)~ProcessofconfiguringDHCPsothatacertainclientalways
receivesthesameIPaddressleaseatstartup.
addressresolution(n)~Theidentificationofacomputer’sIPaddressbyfindingthe
correspondingmatchinanaddressmappingtable.
AddressResolutionProtocol(n)~InTCP/IP,aprotocolthatusesbroadcasttrafficonthe
localnetworktoresolvealogicallyassignedInternetProtocolversion4(IPv4)addressto
itsphysicalhardwareormediaaccesscontrol(MAClayeraddress.Inasynchronous
transfermode(ATM),ARPisusedtwodifferentways.ForclassicalIPv4overATM
(CLIP),ARPisusedtoresolveaddressestoATMhardwareaddreses.ForATMLAN
emulation(LANE),ARPisusedtoresolveEthernet/802.3orTokenRingaddressesto
ATMhardwareaddresses.
addressrewriting(n)~FunctionalityavailableonReceiveconnectorsandSend
connectorsontheExchangeServer2007EdgeTransportserverthatletse-mail
administratorsmodifytheSMTPaddressesofsendersandrecipientsonmessagesthat
enterandleaveanExchangeorganization.Addressrewritingletsanorganizationpresenta
consistentappearancetoexternalrecipientsofmessagesfromtheorganization.
AddressRewritingagent(n)~AnagentontheReceiveconnectorandSendconnectoron
acomputerthathastheEdgeTransportserverroleinstalled,whichletse-mail
administratorsmodifytheaddressesofsendersandrecipientsonmessagesthatenterand
leaveanExchangeServer2007organization.
AddressRewritingInboundagent(n)~AddressRewritingagentformessagesthatenter
anExchangeServer2007organization.
AddressRewritingOutboundagent(n)~AddressRewritingagentformessagesthat
leaveanExchangeServer2007organization.
addressverificationservice(n)~Theservicethatisprovidedbyacreditcardprocessor
thatvalidatesthatthebillingaddressprovidedbyacardholdermatchestheinformation
onfilewiththeissuingbank.
addressing(n)~Theprocessofassigningorreferringtoanaddress.Inprogramming,the
addressistypicallyavaluespecifyingamemorylocation.
ADEfile(n)~AMicrosoftAccessproject(.adp)filewithallmodulescompiledandall
editablesourcecoderemoved.
adequatestack(n)~Acriticalcheckforservicesandothersystemprocesseswhichrun
aftertheoperatingsystemhasbooted-examplesincludewinlogon,csrss,smss,and
servicesingeneral.Itensuresthatanapplicationhassufficientstackspace,asthistest
disablesstackgrowthaftertheteststarts.
ADF(n)~Anattachmentavailableonsomescannersthatallowsautomaticscanningof
multiplepages.
ADF(n)~AnXMLfilethatfullydescribesasingleNotificationServicesapplication.The
ADFfilecontainstheschemasfortheevents,subscriptions,andnotifications;therulesfor
matchingeventswithsubscriptions;andmayprovidethenameoftheXSLTfileusedto
formatgeneratednotifications.
AdHocLicenseAdministrator(n)~Theroleentitledtoallowaccessandmanage
licensesgrantedforspecificproblemsortasks,notintendedtobeapttootherpurposes.
adhocnetwork(n)~AtemporarynetworkusedforsharingfilesoranInternetconnection.
Inanadhocnetwork,computersanddevicesareconnecteddirectlytoeachotherinstead
oftoahuborrouter.
ad-hocnetwork(n)~AtemporarynetworkusedforsharingfilesoranInternet
connection.Inanadhocnetwork,computersanddevicesareconnecteddirectlytoeach
otherinsteadoftoahuborrouter.
adjacentcell(n)~Acellthatisinthesamerowasandadjoinsthecurrentcellina
worksheet.
AdjustTimeStamp(v)~Acontrolthatallowsuserstoadjustthetimeanimageoraset
ofimageswastaken.Particularlyusefulwhenacamerawasnotsettotheappropriatetime
zone.
adjustablecell(n)~Acellthatcanbemodifiedtomeetthesizespecifications.
adjustedcost(n)~Thecostofgoodsthathavebeenupdatedwithchangesintheoriginal
purchasepricesofthegoods.
adjustedpercentage(n)~Theamounttobetakenoffthepriceofeachunitoftheproduct
orservice.
adjustedprice(n)~Theunitorsalepriceoftheproduct,multipliedbytheadjusted
percentage.Thisisdisplayedinthelocalcurrency(thatis,thecurrencyofyourinstalled
locale).
adjustedpricevalue(n)~Similartoadjustedprice,exceptitisnotdisplayedinthelocal
currency(thatis,thereisnocurrencyassociatedwiththeprice).
adjustedprofit(n)~Aprofittakenonthesolditem,takingintoconsiderationchangesin
theoriginalpurchasepricesofthegoods.
adjustedunitprice(n)~Thecalculatedunitpricebasedontheattribute-basedpricing
andtheactualpotencyreceived.
adjustment(n)~Achangetoanaccounttocorrectorupdatethebalance.
adjustmenthandle(n)~Adiamond-shapedhandleusedtoadjusttheappearancebutnot
thesizeofmostAutoShapes.Forexample,youcanadjustaroundedrectangletobemore
orlessrounded.
ADM(PN)~AservicethatallowssendingpushnotificationsfromthecloudtoAmazon
devicestohelpengagewithcustomersandcreatenewopportunitiesformonetizationwith
appsorgames.
ADMA(PN)~TheIdentityLifecycleManagermanagementagentprovidedbyMicrosoft
toconnecttoActiveDirectoryDomainServices(ADDS)orActiveDirectorydirectory
service.
admin(n)~Apersonwhomanagesaccountsanddeterminessafetysettings.
AdminApprovalMode(n)~AsecurityfeatureofWindowsthatallowsadministratorsto
performnormalday-to-daytaskswhilerunningwithastandardusertoken.If
administratorprivilegesareneededforanoperation,theadministratorwillbenotifiedand
askedtoprovideeitherconsentorcredentials,dependingonsystempolicysettings.
Administration(n)~AfeatureofMicrosoftOfficeLiveWebsitesandSharedSitesthat
allowsuserstorestoretheirWebsiteorSharedSitesfrombackupsmaintainedon
Microsoftservers.ThisfeaturealsoallowsuserstoswitchtoMicrosoftFrontPagefor
creatingtheirWebpagesandtoselectatimezonefortheirSharedSites.
AdministrationCentermode(n)~AmodeforuploadinganaddresslistfiletoDirectory
ServicesviatheAdministrationCenteruserinterface.Thisisoneofthethreeupload
modesinEHS.Thismodedoesnotpermitspecifyingmultipledomainsperfile.
AdministrationConsole(PN)~Athinclientthatallowsmembersoftheglobal
administratorroletomakeconfigurationstoanycomputerthatisrunning
PerformancePointPlanningServer.Configurationsincludecreatingandediting
applications,creatingandeditingmodelsites,addinguserstoPerformancePointPlanning
Serverapplications,andaddinguserstoorremovingusersfromtheglobaladministrator
role,theModelerrole,ortheuseradministratorrole.
Administrationdatabase(n)~TheSQLServerdatabasethatstorestheconfigurationdata
fortheresourcesforallcomputersbeingrunaspartofthesame(logical)installationof
CommerceServer.CommerceServerSetupcreatesthisdatabase.
AdministrationPackforIIS7(PN)~TheAdministrationPackforIIS7contains
additionalmanagementfeaturesforIIS7,including:AdministrationUIsupportfor
ASP.NETauthorization,customerrors,FastCGIconfiguration,andRequestFiltering.
Administrationpage(n)~ThemainAdministrationCenterpage,fromwhichallother
monitoringandmanagingfunctionsareaccessibleviacolumns,tabs,andpop-up
windows.
administrationport(n)~TheInternetInformationServices(IIS)virtualserverandport
usedforSharePointCentralAdministration.
Administrationview(n)~TheviewintheVirtualMachineManagerAdministrator
ConsoleinwhichtheadministratormanagesVirtualMachineManageragentsdeployedon
virtualmachinehostsandlibraryservers,configuressystemwidesettingsforVirtual
MachineManager,andmanagesWebserversusedinvirtualmachineself-service.
administrativeclosure(n)~Theprocessofdocumentingandarchivingaprojectina
timelymanner,aswellasformallyacceptingtheproject’sproductandlessonslearned.
administrativecredentials(n)~Logoninformationthatisusedtoidentifyamemberof
anadministrativegroup.Groupsthatuseadministrativecredentialsinclude
Administrators,DomainAdmins,andDNSAdmins.Mostsystem-wideordomain-wide
tasksrequireadministrativecredentials.
administrativeprivilege(n)~Theprivilegeofanadministratorofacomputersystemto
controlwhichusershavetherighttoperformvariousadministrativefunctions.
administrativereport(n)~AreportrunbyaSystemAdministrator.
administrativerole(n)~AnaccessprivilegeinPerformancePointServerthatconsistsof
predefinedrolesfordesignandmaintenanceofsysteminfrastructure.
administrativesetup(n)~Amodeofsetupthatallowsnetworkadministratorstosilently
deploytoclientcomputers.
administrativetask(n)~Anoperationthatcanonlybeperformedbyanadministrator,
notastandarduser.
AdministrativeTemplates(PN)~Afeaturethatgivesaccesstoacollectionoffilesthat
providepolicysettinginformationfortheitemsthatappearundertheAdministrative
TemplatesfolderintheconsoletreeoftheLocalGroupPolicyEditorandwheneditinga
GroupPolicyobjectusingtheGroupPolicyManagementConsole.Theindividualfilesare
intheADMXandADMLfileformat.
AdministrativeTime(n)~Allofaresource’stimenotdevotedtoaformalproject’
(includesWorkingandNon-WorkingTime).’
administrativeusers(oth)~Theusersandsecuritygroupsthataregrantedadministrative
rightswithinConfigurationManager.Theseusersandgroupsareassociatedwith
collections,securityroles,andsecurityscopestograntadministrativepermissions.
administrator(n)~Thepersoninchargeofmanagingacomputer.Theadministratoris
responsibleforinstallingsoftware,assigningpasswords,andmanagingfiles.
administrator(n)~Thepersonresponsibleforsettingupandmanaginglocalcomputers,
stand-aloneservers,memberservers,ordomaincontrollers.Anadministratorperforms
suchdutiesasassigninguseraccountsandpasswords,establishingsecurityaccesslevels,
watchingforunauthorizedaccess,allocatingstoragespace,andhelpinguserswith
networkingproblems.
administrator(PN)~OnWindows-basedcomputers,auseraccountthatisamemberof
thecomputer’slocalAdministratorsgrouporamemberofagroupthatisamemberofthe
localAdministratorsgroup,suchastheDomainAdminsgroupinaWindowsdomain.
Thisisthefirstaccountthatiscreatedwhenyouinstallanoperatingsystemonanew
workstation,stand-aloneserver,ormemberserver.Bydefault,thisaccounthasthehighest
levelofadministrativeaccesstothelocalcomputer.
Administrator(n)~Anoptiononauseraccountsetupdialogthatcreatesanadministrator
account.
administrator(n)~Apersonwhomanagesaccountsanddeterminessafetysettings.
administrator(n)~AWindowsLiveaccountthatmanagesasubscription.
administrator(n)~AnemployeeofhostedcustomerswhocanaccesstheAdministration
Centertoadministertheirorganization’sEHSservice.
Administrator(PN)~Highestlevelofuserrole.Administratorscanchange
instance/applicationsettingsandmanageusers.
administratoraccount(n)~OnWindows-basedcomputers,auseraccountthatisa
memberofthecomputer’slocalAdministratorsgrouporamemberofagroupthatisa
memberofthelocalAdministratorsgroup,suchastheDomainAdminsgroupina
Windowsdomain.Thisisthefirstaccountthatiscreatedwhenyouinstallanoperating
systemonanewworkstation,stand-aloneserver,ormemberserver.Bydefault,this
accounthasthehighestlevelofadministrativeaccesstothelocalcomputer.
administratoraccount(n)~Atypeofuseraccountthatallowscompleteaccesstothe
computer.Administratorscanmakeanydesiredchanges.Thisaccounttypeisnot
recommendedfordailyuse,andshouldonlybeusedwhennecessary.
administratorauditlog(n)~Anauditingrecordthatrecordsanyaction,basedona
WindowsPowerShellcmdlet,performedbyanadministrator.Thiscanhelpthe
administratortroubleshootconfigurationissuesoridentifythecauseofsecurity-or
compliance-relatedproblems.
AdministratorConsole(PN)~Theconsolethatprovidesaccesstotheadministrative
functionsofVirtualMachineManager.
administratormode(n)~ThemodeofaSurfaceunitwhentheWindowsoperating
systemisavailable.Inadministratormode,administratorscanadministertheWindows
operatingsystemanddeveloperscandevelopandtestapplicationswhilerunningthe
SurfaceInputapplication.
AdministratorRecoveryreport(n)~ADPSreportthatprovidesstatisticson
administrator-initiatedrecoveries.
administratorrole(n)~Acollectionofrightsthatallowsausertomodifyallwebsite
contentandmanagesitesettingsandaccounts.
administratorrole(n)~Apredefinedsecuritygroupthatprovidesspecificpermissionsto
allowrolememberstomanageExchangeconfigurationdata.Exchange2007providesthe
followingfouradministratorroles:ExchangeRecipientAdministrators,Exchange
OrganizationAdministrators,ExchangeServerAdministrators,andExchangeView-Only
Administrators.
administratorrolegroup(n)~Auniversalsecuritygroupwithadministrativerights
assignedtoit.Theseadministrativerightsarespecifiedbybuilt-inmanagementroles,
whicharepartoftherole-basedaccesscontrol(RBAC)permissionsmodelinExchange
Server2010.
administratorroleseparation(n)~Theabilitytodelegatelocaladministrative
permissionsforaread-onlydomaincontroller(RODC)toanydomainuserwithout
grantingthatuseranyuserrightsforthedomainorotherdomaincontrollers.
administratorsetup(n)~Amodeofsetupthatallowsnetworkadministratorstosilently
deploytoclientcomputers.
Administratoruserrole(PN)~Arolethatisusedtolimitthehostgroupsandlibrary
serversonwhichanadministratorcanperformVirtualMachineManageradministrative
tasks.
administrator-approvedformtemplate(n)~Abrowser-compatibleformtemplatethat
hasbeenuploadedbyanadministratortoaserverrunningInfoPathFormsServices.An
administrator-approvedformtemplatecanincludecode.
Administratorsgroup(n)~Onalocalcomputer,agroupwhosemembershavethe
highestlevelofadministrativeaccesstothelocalcomputer.
Adminsgroup(n)~Thesystemadministrator’sgroupaccountthatretainsfull
permissionsonalldatabasesusedbyaworkgroup.TheSetupprogramautomaticallyadds
thedefaultAdminuseraccounttotheAdminsgroup.
admissioncontrol(n)~Theserviceusedtoadministrativelycontrolnetworkresourceson
sharednetworksegments.
ADMXfiles(n)~One.admxand.admlfile,joinedbyacommonname,thatareusedto
describeGroupPolicysettingsinGroupPolicymanagementtools.
ADN(PN)~AresourceoftheContentDeliveryNetworkserviceasasuiteoftechnologies
deployedtogethertoprovideapplicationavailability,security,visibility,andacceleration.
ADNDataTransfer(GB)(n)~TheunitofmeasureforADN.
ADO(n)~AdataaccessinterfacethatcommunicateswithOLEDB-compliantdata
sourcestoconnectto,retrieve,manipulate,andupdatedata.
ADOconnection(n)~AconnectionthatusestheActiveXDataObjects(ADO)data
accessinterface.
ADOdatasource(n)~Dataandtheinformationthatisneededtoaccessthatdatafrom
applicationsanddatabasesthatsupporttheActiveXDataObjects(ADO)dataaccess
interface.
ADOMD(n)~Ahigh-level,language-independentsetofobject-baseddataaccess
interfacesoptimizedformultidimensionaldataapplications.
ADO.NET(n)~Thesuiteofdataaccesstechnologiesincludedinthe.NETFramework
classlibrariesthatprovideaccesstorelationaldataandXML.ADO.NETconsistsof
classesthatmakeuptheDataSet(suchastables,rows,columns,relations,andsoon),
.NETFrameworkdataproviders,andcustomtypedefinitions(suchasSqlTypesforSQL
Server).
ADO.NETEntityFrameworkTools(PN)~ThetoolsetavailableaspartofEntity
Framework.
ADOMD.NET(n)~A.NETmanageddataproviderthatprovidesaccessto
multidimensionaldatasources,suchasMicrosoftSQLServerAnalysisServices.
Adorner(PN)~Acontrolthatcanaddfunctionalhandlestoavisualelementthatenablea
usertomanipulatetheelementinsomeway(resize,rotate,reposition,etc.).
adorner(n)~Aspecialglyphonthedesignsurface.Adornersareusuallyattachedtoa
targetcontrol,andtheygivetheuseragraphicalmeansofadjustingthecontrol’s
properties.
adornment(n)~Acontrolorstatusareathatisattachedtotheedgeofapaneorwindow,
suchasatoolbarorruler.
ADSI(n)~AdirectoryservicemodelandasetofComponentObjectModel(COM)
interfaces.ADSIenablesWindowsapplicationsandActiveDirectoryclientstoaccess
severalnetworkdirectoryservices,includingActiveDirectory.
ADSL(n)~Ahigh-bandwidthdigitaltransmissiontechnologythatusesexistingphone
linesandalsoallowsvoicetransmissionsoverthesamelines.Mostofthetrafficis
transmitteddownstreamtotheuser,generallyatratesof512Kbpstoabout6Mbps.
ADSync(PN)~Asoftwaretoolforconnectingtodatasources,synchronizingdata
betweendatasources,aswellastheprovisioninganddeprovisioningofidentities.
ADT(n)~Atableofattributenames,numbersanddescriptions.
adultcontent(n)~Contentformatureaudiences.
adultcontent(n)~Thepreferredtermformaturecontent.Don’tuseexplicit’or-
€œsexuallyexplicit.-€?’
AdultsOnly(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
advanceshipnotice(n)~Abusinessdocumentthatdocumentsthenotificationofthe
shipmentofproduct.
AdvancedAuthorrole(n)~Acollectionofrightsthatallowstheusertoview,add,and
changepages,documentsinlibraries,discussionboards,themes,andborders,aswellas
managetasksandrecalculatelinks.Adefaultrole.
AdvancedClient(n)~AnSMS2003clienttype,supportedonWindows2000orlater
operatingsystems,thatcanbeassignedtoaConfigurationManagermixedmodesite.
AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface(PN)~Anopenindustryspecification
thatdefinespowermanagementonawiderangeofmobile,desktop,andservercomputers
andperipherals.ACPIisthefoundationfortheOnNowindustryinitiativethatallows
systemmanufacturerstodelivercomputersthatstartatthetouchofakeyboard.ACPI
designisessentialtotakefulladvantageofpowermanagementandPlugandPlay.
AdvancedConnectionSettings(PN)~ThenameofthedialogboxinLyncandOffice
Communicatorwhereausercanconfiguretheirconnectionsettingstoaserver.
AdvancedEncryptionStandard(n)~Acryptographicalgorithmspecifiedbythe
NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)toprotectsensitiveinformation.
AdvancedFiltertab(n)~Atab,locatedontheActionmenuintheFilterReportgroup,
thatenablestheusertofurtherrefinetherecordsforareport.
AdvancedFind(n)~Atoolusedtosearchforspecificrecordsandactivities.With
AdvancedFind,userscanspecifyfields,conditions,andvaluestosearchon,inorderto
receiveadetailedresultlistofrecordsandactivities.
AdvancedGroupPolicyManagement(PN)~AnextensiontotheGroupPolicy
ManagementConsole(GPMC)thatprovideschangecontrolandenhancedmanagement
forGroupPolicyobjects(GPOs).
advancedlist(n)~Atypeoflisttaskpagewheretheprimaryactionisselectinganentity
fromthelist.UsersaccesstheadvancedlistthroughtheAdvancedlinkonthedropdown
list.Iftheusercannotfindtheinformationtheyneedonthesimpledrop-downlist,they
maychoosetoviewthemorecompleteadvancedlistwheretheycanviewallthefieldsfor
aparticularentity.
advancedmapping(n)~Thelinkthatisestablishedwhenanadministratormapsusers
withdifferentWindowsandUNIXnamesormultipleWindowsusernamestothesame
UNIXusername.
advancedmembership(n)~Themembershipstatusthatconfigurestheanti-malware
applicationtosendinformationtoMicrosoftaboutmalicioussoftware,spyware,and
potentiallyunwantedsoftware.Thisstatusallowsmoreinformationtobesentthanthe
basicmembershipallows.
AdvancedPeer-to-PeerNetworking(n)~AnupgradetoIBMSystemsNetwork
Architecturethatsupportsdistributedsessioncontrolservicesanddynamicrouting,
avoidingdependenciesoncentralizedmainframenetworkservices.
AdvancedPowerManagement(n)~Anolderpowermanagementtechnologyusedin
mobilePCsbeforetheimplementationofAdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface
(ACPI).AdvancedPowerManagementisasoftwareinterfacethatfunctionsbetweenthe
BIOSpower-managementsoftwarethatisspecifictothehardwareandapower-
managementpolicydriverthatisrunbytheoperatingsystem.
advancedpricing(n)~Logicusedtocalculatethepurchasepriceofapotencyitem.
advancedprogrammableinterruptcontroller(oth)~Aprogrammableinterrupt
controller(PIC)thatprovidesmultiprocessorinterruptmanagement.AnAPIC
incorporatesbothstaticanddynamicsymmetricinterruptdistributionacrossall
processors.ItusuallyhasmoreavailableinterruptlinesthanatypicalPIC.
AdvancedProgram-to-ProgramCommunication(oth)~AnIBMSystemsNetwork
ArchitecturecommunicationsmethodthatusestheLU6.2protocoltoestablish,manage,
andterminatenetworkcommunicationbetweenprogramsinadistributedcomputing
environment.
AdvancedProgram-to-ProgramCommunicationFileTransferProtocol(n)~Afile
transferprotocolusedinIBMhostsystems,theIBMAdvancedProgram-to-Program
CommunicationsequivalenttotheTCP/IPFileTransferProtocol.
AdvancedQuerySyntax(PN)~Asearchquerysyntaxthathelpsproducemoreprecise
searchresultsbyusingtargetedqueriesthatsearchspecificpropertiesinamessagetype.
AQSdefinescertainkeywordswhichcanbeusedtorefinethesearchquery,suchas
specifyingbooleanoperationsonsearchedterms(AND,OR,NOT)aswellastospecify
furtherfiltersbasedonfilemetadataorfiletype.Itcanalsobeusedtolimitresultsfrom
specificinformationstoreslikeregularfiles,offlinefilescache,ore-mailstores.
advancedsearch(n)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstobuildrobust,targetedqueriesthat
includesearchoperators.TheleastcomplexofwhicharetheBooleanoperatorsmany
usersarefamiliarwith.Inaddition,customerscanuseadvancedoperatorssuchas
contains:’or‘inanchor:’or‘site:’Customerscanaddoperatoruponoperatorandwatch
theirquerychangeinthesearchbox.’
advancedsearch(n)~Asearchfeaturethatallowsuserstobuildrobust,targetedqueries
thatincludesearchoperators.
AdvancedStreamRedirector(PN)~Aformatthatiscommonlyusedtodeliverdigital
mediatoclients(WindowsMediaPlayerandSilverlight).
AdvancedSyncsettings(n)~Settingsformanagingbandwidthandstorageparameters
fordirectorysynchronization.
AdvancedSystemsFormat(n)~Alow-overheaddataformatformultimediastreams.It
encapsulatesimages,audio,AVI,andsoforth,aswellasURLs,andallowsforthe
synchronizationoftheseobjectswithinthestream.WindowsMediaTechnologiescan
streamASFformattedcontentandcanstoreASFstreamsas.asffiles.
Advanceduser(n)~AunitofmeasureforusersoftheVisualStudioOnlineAdvanced
serviceoffering.
adversary(n)~Adisfavoredpersonaorpersonawiththeobjectiveofgainingaccesstoan
asset.Examplesofadversariesincludehackers.
adverseevent(n)~Anyproblematicmedicaloccurrencethatmayhappenduringa
medicaltreatmentinvolvingdrugs.Theadverseeventmaynotnecessarilybecausedby
thedrugtreatment.
advertise(v)~Tomakeaprogram,softwareupdatedeployment,ortasksequence
availabletoclientsviaacollection.
advertisedprogram(n)~Aprogramthathasbeenadvertisedtoacollection.
advertisement(n)~AConfigurationManagerobjectthatthesiteserversendsasa
notificationtothemanagementpoints,specifyingthataprogram,softwareupdate
deployment,ortasksequenceisavailableforclients.
advertisement(n)~Amessageplacedinamassmedium(andusuallypaidforbythe
advertiser)topersuadetargetedcustomersorprospects.
advertiser(n)~Thecompanyplacing,andoftenpayingfor,apromotionalmessage,or
advertisement.
advertisingasset(n)~Apieceofcontentprovidedbyanadvertiserthatisusedinoneor
moreadvertisementsthatrunonyoursite,forexample,text,aphotograph,oracompany
logo.Thecontentisownedandcontrolledbytheoriginatingadvertiser.
advertisingcampaigngoaling(n)~Determiningthenumberofadstodeliverina
specifiedamountoftime.Youcangoalbyanyevent,suchasclicksoramountsold.
advertisingID(n)~Anidentifierusedbyappdevelopersandadvertisingnetworksto
providemorerelevantadvertisingtousersbyunderstandingwhichappstheyuseandhow
theyusethem.
advisoryhour(n)~ThecurrencyusedtoaccesscertainkeyservicesofferedtoMicrosoft
PartnerNetworkmemberstohelpthembuildtheirskillsetwithtrainingpoweredby
MicrosoftServices,andgetcustomizedguidanceforcompeting,developing,and
deployingsolutionsforcustomers.
advisorymode(n)~AnoptionforActiveDirectoryreplicationthatspecifiesthat
lingeringobjectsshouldbedisplayed,butnotdeleted.
adware(n)~Advertisingthatisintegratedintosoftware.Adwareisoftencombinedwitha
hostapplicationthatisprovidedatnochargeaslongastheuseragreestoacceptthe
adware.
AE(n)~Amethodofencryptionthatusesapairofmathematicallyrelatedkeys:apublic
keyandacorrespondingprivatekey.Eitherkeycanbeusedtoencryptdata,butthe
correspondingkeymustbeusedtodecryptit.
AEM(PN)~Asoftwareproductthatcanbeusedtoperformcentralizedinstallation,
reporting,andadministrationofAntigenonallserversinanenvironment.
AEM(n)~AfeatureinOperationsManagerthatallowsthecollectionofclientapplication
crashdatatoasinglelocationonamanagementserver,resultingindatathatcanthenbe
analyzedbyyourcompanyforpatterns.
aerialview(n)~Amapviewcreatedfromaerialphotosthatshowsbuildings,roads,and
geographicalfeatures.
Aero(n)~ThevisualexperienceofthepremiumWindowsVistaeditions.WindowsAero
buildsontheBasicandStandarduserexperiencestooffercustomersourbest-designed,
highest-performingdesktopenvironment.AnoticeableelementofthenewWindowsAero
experienceistheprofessional-looking,transparentglassdesign,whichcreatesanopen,
lightweightenvironmentbutmoreimportantlyenablesuserstofocusontheircontent
ratherthantheinterface.
AeroGlass(n)~AgraphicmodethatisavailablewithAeroUIthatsupports3Dgraphics,
visualeffects,andanimationaswellastheregularfeaturesofAeroUI.
AeroWizard(n)~Awizardthatallowsthird-partydeveloperstoachievethesamelookin
theirdialogboxesasAero.
AES(n)~AcryptographicalgorithmspecifiedbytheNationalInstituteofStandardsand
Technology(NIST)toprotectsensitiveinformation.
AESSecureDelivery(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheMediaServicebasedonAdvanced
EncryptionStandard.
AF(PN)~Aclassforthedeliveryofvideomediastreams.
affiliate(n)~AnorganizationorpersonthatpromotesSkypeonitswebsiteor(re)sellsits
regularproducts.
affiliateapplication(n)~AlogicalentityinEnterpriseSingleSign-On(SSO),definedby
theadministrator,thatrepresentsasystemorsubsystemsuchasahost,back-endsystem,
orline-of-businessapplicationtowhichyouareconnectingusingSSO.Anaffiliate
applicationcanrepresentanon-WindowssystemsuchasamainframeorUNIXcomputer.
ItcanalsorepresentanapplicationsuchasSAP,orasubdivisionofthesystem,suchas
theBenefits’or‘Paystub’sub-systems.’
AffiliateProgram(n)~AcollaborationprocessforSkypeaffiliatesthatallowswebsite
ownerstoearnmoneybydirectinginternettraffictotheSkypewebsite.
AffiliationChanged(n)~Areasonforrevocationofacertificate.
affinity(n)~ForNetworkLoadBalancing,themethodusedtoassociateclientrequeststo
clusterhosts.Whennoaffinityisspecified,allnetworkrequestsareloadbalancedacross
theclusterwithoutrespecttotheirsource.Affinityisimplementedbydirectingallclient
requestsfromthesameIPaddresstothesameclusterhost.
affinity(n)~Themechanismforassociatingthreadsofaprocesswithaprocessor.
affinitygroup(n)~Ageographicalgroupingofacustomer’shostedservicedeployments
andstorageaccountswithinMicrosoftAzure.Anaffinitygroupcanimproveservice
performancebylocatingcomputerworkloadsinthesamedatacenterornearthetargetuser
audience.
affinitygroup(n)~Agroupofresourceswiththesamelevelofaffinityhelpingthe
underlyingplatformwiththeplacementofrelatedresourcestogetherandtheallocationof
instancesacrossfaultdomainsandupgradedomains.
affinitymarketing(n)~Sellingproductsorservicestocustomerswithsimilarinterestson
thebasisoftheirestablishedbuyingpatternsorpreferences.Additionally,several
noncompetingadvertisersmayjointogethertodevelopasingletargetedcampaign.
affinitymask(n)~Avaluethatcontainsbitsforeachprocessoronthesystem,defining
whichprocessorsaprocessorthreadcanuse.
affinityset(n)~Agroupofresourceswiththesamelevelofaffinityhelpingthe
underlyingplatformwiththeplacementofrelatedresourcestogetherandtheallocationof
instancesacrossfaultdomainsandupgradedomains.
affordance(n)~AUIelementorcontrolthatofferstheusertheopportunitytotakeor
initiateanaction.
AFNOR(oth)~TheFrenchsubsidiaryoftheInternationalStandardsOrganization(ISO).
AFNORcertification(n)~Acertificationthataccountingsoftwareislegallycompliant
withFrenchlegislationforelectronicaccounting.
afterevent(n)~Anasynchronouseventwhosehandlerrunsonlyaftertheactionthat
raisedtheeventiscomplete.
AFTP(n)~AfiletransferprotocolusedinIBMhostsystems,theIBMAdvanced
Program-to-ProgramCommunicationsequivalenttotheTCP/IPFileTransferProtocol.
age(v)~Tobecomematureorpastdue,asinamatureaccountorapastdueaccount.
age(n)~Tocalculatethenumberofdaysthatcustomerandsupplieraccountshavebeen
outstanding.
Age(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbythePanEuropeanGameInformation(PEGI).
age(n)~TheamountoftimethathaselapsedsinceanalertwastriggeredthroughMOM.
age(n)~Atimeperiodofexistenceoratimeperiodaftertheoccurrenceofanevent.
ageofonset(n)~Theageatwhichanindividualfirstexperiencesanillnessorsymptoms
ofasicknessordisorder.
agerating(n)~TheageappropriatenessofanapporgamepublishedintheWindows
Store.
agenda(n)~AnorderedlistofruleactionstobeexecutedbytheRuleEngine.
agenda(n)~Alistoroutlineofthingstobedoneorconsidered.
Agendaview(n)~Acalendarviewthatdisplaysallscheduleditems.
agent(n)~AnapplicationthatrunsonaSimpleNetworkManagementProtocol(SNMP)
manageddevice.Theagentapplicationistheobjectofmanagementactivities.Acomputer
runningSNMPagentsoftwareisalsosometimesreferredtoasanagent.
agent(n)~Inclient/serverapplications,aprocessthatmediatesbetweentheclientandthe
server.
agent(n)~Aprogramthatperformsabackgroundtaskforauserandreportstotheuser
whenthetaskisdoneorsomeexpectedeventhastakenplace.
agent(n)~Thepartoftherigthatisusedtoruntestsandgeneratesimulatedload.
agent(n)~Amonitoringoptioninreal-timespywareprotectionthatmonitorsvarious
typesandareasofsoftwareactivityonyourcomputer.
agent(n)~Amanagedsoftwarecomponentthatmonitorseventsandperformance
pertainingtoaspecificapplicationcomponent,andtransmitsobservationstoahost
applicationfordisplay,action,orreporting.
agent(n)~ThefeaturethatisinstalledonaWindows-basedcomputerthatperforms
management.Theagentcollectsdata,comparessampleddatatopredefinedvalues,creates
alerts,andrunsresponses.
Agent(PN)~TheMOM/SCEcomponentinstalledoncomputerstoperformmanagement
tasksonthosecomputers.TheagentcommunicateswiththeSCEManagementServer,
sendingdatafromthemanagedcomputerstotheManagementServeranddownloading
datafromtheManagementServertothemanagedcomputer.
agent(n)~ApersonwhoworksforacallcenterandsignsintoanACDsystemorwho
respondstocallsroutedtohimorherbyanIVRsystem.Formalagentsmaybesignedin
intoUCthroughouttheday,andtheymaysigninandoutoftheACDsystemduringthe
day.Theyarefullyawareoftheirroleasanagentandwanttobeabletoseethenumbers
ofcallsinthequeuestheyareserving,andsoon.Informalagentsmaynotconsider
themselvesasagents,andtheydon’tsigninandoutoftheACDsystemasagents.They
donotmonitorqueuefilllevelsorothermetrics.
agent(n)~AhelperbotforWindowsLiveMessengerthatwasdevelopedontheWindows
LiveAgentsplatform.
agent(n)~Auserwhoworksforacompanythatisavalidpartnertenantwhohasbeen
assignedeitherlimitedorfulladministrationagentrole.
agentcharacter(n)~Aninteractiveanimatedcharacterwhoguidesusersthrough
WindowsWelcome.Thecharacterinteractswiththeuserinwayssimilartothenatural
aspectsofhumansocialcommunication.Characterscanrespondbyusingsynthesized
speech,recordedaudio,ortextinacartoonwordballoon.
agentcoordinator(n)~Theservicethatmanagesinstallationanduninstallationofthe
DPMprotectionagent.
AgentDesktop(PN)~ThecompiledversionoftheUnifiedServiceDeskthatrepresents
theagent’sworkspacefromwhichtheyperformtheirjobfunctions.
agentheartbeat(n)~TheprocesswhentheMOMagentcontactstheMOMserverevery
10secondstoindicatethatitisalive.
AgentManager(PN)~AMOM2000featurethatwaspartoftheMOMServer
components,whichtrackedcomputergroups,installedanduninstalledagents,etc.
agentparticipationpolicy(n)~Theadministrator-definedpolicywhichdefineswhether
anagentneedstosign-inandoutofresponsegroupgroupsinordertoreceivecallsfrom
theresponsegroupservice.
agentproxying(n)~Theprocessduringwhichanagentforwardsdataonbehalfof
anothercomputerornetworkdevice.
agentstate(n)~Anattributeofauserthatspecifieswhethertheuserissignedinasan
agentornot.
Agenttab(n)~Acustomtab,displayedinOfficeCommunicator,thatformalagentscan
usetosignintooroutoftheACD.TheAgenttabshowsthegroupsthattheuserisa
memberof,thenumberofcallersthatarewaiting,thewaittimes,andthenumberof
agentswhoaresignedin.
agentupdate(n)~TheupdateoftheDataProtectionServerFileAgentwithamorerecent
versionoftheFileAgent.
AgentlessExceptionMonitoring(n)~AfeatureinOperationsManagerthatallowsthe
collectionofclientapplicationcrashdatatoasinglelocationonamanagementserver,
resultingindatathatcanthenbeanalyzedbyyourcompanyforpatterns.
agentlessexceptionmonitoring(n)~Theprocessbywhichmanagedcomputerssend
errorreportstoaspecifiedlocationontheSystemCenterEssentialsManagementServer
whenanapplicationerrorsuchasaprogramcrashoccursonthemanagedcomputer.
agentlessmanaged(adj)~PertainingtoacomputerordevicethatismanagedbyMOM
anddoesnothavetheMOMagentinstalled.
agentlessmanagedcomputer(n)~Acomputerwithoutanagentthatismonitoredbya
managementserveroraproxyagent.
agent-managed(adj)~PertainingtoacomputerordevicethatismanagedbyMOMand
hastheMOMagentinstalledonit.
agent-managedcomputer(n)~Acomputerthathasanagentinstalledonitandthat
reportstoamanagementgroup.
Agents2013(PN)~ShortformforAgentsforMicrosoftVisualStudio2013,which
containsagentsandcontrollersthatyoucanusetobuildandtestapplicationsacrossthe
desktop,theserver,andthecloud.
AgentsforMicrosoftVisualStudio2013Update2(n)~UpdatetoMicrosoftVisual
Studio2013developertoolingcontainingagentsandcontrollerstobuildandtest
applicationsacrossthedesktop,theserver,andthecloud.
aggregate(n)~Asinglevaluethatiscomposedofmultiplevalues.
aggregate(v)~Tocombinemultiplevalues.
aggregate(adj)~Pertainingtoacombinationofmultiplevalues.
AggregateDiagnosticProvider(PN)~Asetofprivate,internaltoMicrosoft,APIsthat
provideauniforminterfacetodiscoverdiagnosticcontentthatislocaltothecustomer’s
computeraswellasdiagnosticcontentstored-€œinthecloud-€?.
aggregateevent(n)~Atypeofeventthatisgeneratedafteraseriesofeventsofanother
typehaveoccurred.Anaggregateeventisusedtorepresentaseriesofeventstoavoid
floodingtheeventconsumer.
aggregatefunction(n)~Afunctionthatperformsacalculationonmultiplevaluesand
returnsasinglevalue.
aggregatequery(n)~Aquery(SQLstatement)thatsummarizesinformationfrom
multiplerowsbyincludinganaggregatefunctionsuchasSumorAvg.
aggregatedcatalog(n)~Acatalogassembledfromdifferentsources.
aggregation(n)~Atableorstructurecontainingpre-calculateddataforanonline
analyticalprocessing(OLAP)cube.Aggregationssupporttherapidandefficientquerying
ofamultidimensionaldatabase.
aggregation(n)~Acollectionofobjectsthatmakesawhole.Anaggregationcanbea
concreteorconceptualsetofwhole-partrelationshipsamongobjects.
aggregation(n)~Acollectionofsharedobjects.
aggregationprefix(n)~Astringthatiscombinedwithasystem-definedIDtocreatea
uniquenameforapartition’saggregationtable.
Aggregationview(n)~AviewintheHealthandActivityTrackingtoolthatdisplaysthe
nearreal-timebusinessprocessesdefinedaswellasthehealthmonitoringcubesthatare
shippedwithBizTalkServer2004.
aggregationwrapper(n)~AwrapperthatencapsulatesaCOMobjectwithinanother
COMobject.
aggressiveaddressacquisitionretry(n)~AregistrysettingthatallowstheDHCPclient
totransmitmoremessagestotheservertoobtainanIPaddresswhenthePCisin
connectedstandbymode.Thissettingcanincreasepowerconsumptionbutcanalsohelp
resolveIPaddress(IPv4orIPv6)problemsmorequickly.
Agilemethod(n)~Anyofafamilyofprocessesthatsoftwaredevelopersusetominimize
riskbydevelopingapplicationsincrementally,overaseriesofshortiterations.Inthis
model,real-timecommunications,suchasinpersonconversationsandtelephonecalls,are
preferredoverwrittendocumentation;theprimarymeasureofprogressisworking
software,insteadofhoursspent,taskscompleted,documentsreviewed,orphasessigned-
off;stakeholdersareexpectedtocollaborate,insteadofnegotiating;andplanninghappens
continuouslyinordertorespondtochange.
agilesoftwaredevelopment(n)~Aconceptualframeworkforundertakingsoftware
engineeringprojectsinalighter,faster,morepeople-centricway.Manyofthe
characteristicsforagilesoftwaredevelopmentoriginateintheAgileManifestoestablished
bytheAgileAlliance,groupofsoftwareprofessionals.
aging(n)~Theprocessofcategorizing,bytimeperiod,amountsthatareduetoa
companyafteragiveninvoicedateorbilldate,orthenumberofdaystheaccounthas
beenoutstanding.
aging(adj)~Theprocessofclassifyingtimeperiodsbyage.
agingbucket(n)~Atimecategorytodistinguishbetweenitemswithdifferentaging
criteria.
agingperiod(n)~Thenumberofdaysinatimeperiodusedtoreportanoverdue
customerpaymentbalance.
agingperiod(n)~Aperiodwithinwhichyouanalyzethepaymentbalanceofa
customer’saccount.
agingrun(n)~Theexecutionofaprocessthatlooksatoldobjects’
agingsnapshot(n)~Anagingsnapshotcontainsthecalculatedagedbalancesfora
customeratapointintime.
AGP(n)~Atechnologythatprovidesadedicated,high-speedportthroughwhichlarge
blocksof3-Dtexturedatacanbemovedbetweenthecomputer’sgraphicscontrollerand
systemmemory.
AGPslot(n)~Aslotthatisdesignedforfast,high-qualitydisplayof3-Dandvideo
images.
AGPM(n)~AnextensiontotheGroupPolicyManagementConsole(GPMC)that
provideschangecontrolandenhancedmanagementforGroupPolicyobjects(GPOs).
AGPMService(PN)~AWindowsservicethatenablesAdvancedGroupPolicy
Management(AGPM)clientstomanagedeployedandarchivedGroupPolicyobjects
(GPOs)andenforcesdelegationinAGPM.
AGPMServiceAccount(PN)~TheaccountunderwhichtheAGPMServiceruns.
agreement(n)~Acommitmentbetweentwoormorepartiesbasedonamutual
understandingabouttheirrespectiverightsandobligations.
agreement(PN)~Adefinitiveandbindingagreementbetweentwotradingpartnersfor
transactingmessagesoveraspecificbusiness-to-businessprotocol.Atradingpartner
agreementbringstogethercommonbi-directionalmessageprocessingpropertiesfrom
specificbusinessprofilesofbothpartners.Itisacomprehensivecollectionofallaspects
governingthebusinesstransactionbetweenthetwotradingpartners.Thetradingpartner
agreementistypicallyderivedfromtheprofilesofeachpartner,withtheabilityto
customizeandoverridetherequiredsettings.
AgreementAdministrator(PN)~Thefirstcustomertosigntheagreement,unless
changedasprovidedinsection-1oftheagreement.
agreementnumberpair(n)~ApairofnumbersthatisobtainedfromtheMicrosoft
VolumeLicensingServiceCenterwhenacustomerpurchasesaMicrosoftVolume
Licensingagreement.Eachagreementnumberpaircontainsanagreementorauthorization
numberandalicenseorenrollmentnumber.
AIA(n)~Acertificateextensionthatcontainsinformationusefulforverifyingthetrust
statusofacertificate,asdefinedbythe2008MemooftheNetworkWorkingGroup.This
informationpotentiallyincludesUniformResourceLocations(URLs)wheretheissuing
CA’scertificatecanberetrieved,aswellasalocationofanOnlineCertificateStatus
Protocol(OCSP)responderconfiguredtoprovidestatusforthecertificateinquestion.
AIF(PN)~Theframeworkthatprovidesacollectionoffeatures,tools,andinfrastructure
thatusesaservicesprogrammingmodeltosupportapplicationintegration.
AIK(n)~Thecryptographicrepresentationofthehardwareorsoftwarestateandother
integritymetrics,andwhichcanbeusedtoperformanonymousorpseudo-anonymous
attestationstoremotepartiesinmultipartytransactions.
airplanemode(n)~Asettingthatallowsausertoturnoffcellular,Wi-Fi,andBluetooth
onthephonesimultaneously.Oftenrequiredduringtakeoffandlandinginanaircraft.
AIS(n)~Asystemservicethatfacilitatesstartingapplicationsthatrequireoneormore
elevatedprivilegestorun,suchasAdministrativeTasks.Whenuserrequireselevated
privilegestorunanapplicationandgivesconsent,AIScreatesanewprocessforthe
applicationwiththeuser’sfullaccesstoken.
AIT(n)~Asub-featureofApplicationTelemetrywhosegoalistogatherinformationon
howapplicationsusefeaturesexposedbytheoperatingsystem(COMobjects,registry,
DLLs,DLLexports,etc.).Thisdataisusedtobetterunderstandhowachangetoor
removalofaWindowsfeaturemayimpactapplicationsandoverallapplication
compatibilitygoals.Italsohelpsunderstandhowfeaturesareused,andallowsMicrosoft
tousethatinformationinplanningnewfeatures,allocatingtestingresources,etc.
AITAgent(PN)~ThescheduledtaskpartofApplicationImpactTelemetry(AIT)that
runsnightlytoconsumetheeventsloggedtoEventTracingforWindows(ETW)bythe
AITRuntimesystemandsendthembacktoMicrosoftusingSQM.
AJAX(PN)~Asetoftechnologiesconsistingofaclient-sidescriptframework,server
controls,andmore.
AKI(n)~Acertificateextensionusedbythecertificatechainingenginetodeterminewhat
certificatewasusedtosignapresentedcertificate.TheAKIcancontaintheissuername,
serialnumber,publickeyinformation,ornoinformationatall.Bymatchingthe
informationinacertificate’sAKIextensiontoaCAcertificate’sSubjectKeyIdentifier
(SKI)extension,acertificatechaincanbebuilt.
alarm(n)~Avisualorauditorysignalfromacomputeralertingtheusertoanerrorora
hazardoussituation.
alarm(n)~Analertthatissetbytheusertobeactivatedataparticulartime.
Alarms(PN)~Theappthatenablesuserstosetalarms.
Alarms&Clock(PN)~Anappthatenablesusertouseclock,checkworldclocks,set
alarms,settimersandrunastopwatch.
album(n)~Acollectionofcompositionsormemorabiliaofaspecifictypeorfora
particularpurpose,suchasaudiorecordings,photographs,ordocuments.
album(n)~Apredefinedcollectionofaudiofiles(forexample,songs)fromaCDor
digitaldownload.
albumart(n)~Theimagethatappearsonthefrontofanalbumorcustomcollection.
albumlist(n)~Apagethathasacomprehensivelistofallthealbumsinacommunity.
Alcohol(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
Alcoholand/orTobacco(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputer
EntertainmentRatingOrganization(CERO).
AlcoholReference(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
ALE(n)~AnoperationofWindowsFilteringPlatform(WFP)whichprovides
enforcementforsecuritypoliciesby,ineachcase,trappingtheevent,determinewhat
applicationinitiatedit,andquerythefilterenginetodeterminewhetherthesocketshould
beallowedtoproceed.
AlefHamza(n)~AsingleArabiccharacterthatrepresentsthetwo-charactercombination
AlefplusHamza.
AlefLam(n)~AnalogoustotheEnglishwordthe.’Canbeignoredwhensortingtextin
tablesinseveralMicrosoftOfficeprogramswhenenabledforright-to-leftfeatures.’
alefmaqsoora(n)~AcontextualvariantoftheArabicletteralef.
alert(n)~AneventthatisshowntotheadministratorwithinaDPSapplicationuser
interfaceasaresultofDPSmonitoring.Threetypesofalertsarepossible:critical,
information,andwarning.
alert(n)~Anaudibleorvisualwarningsignal,generatedbyacomputer,indicatingthata
thresholdhasbeenorisabouttobebreached.
alert(n)~Afeaturethatnotifiesauserwhenthereisachangetopostedcontent,workflow
status,orwhenotheruser-definedcriteriaaremet.
alert(v)~Tonotifybymeansofanalertthataparticulareventhasoccurred.
alert(n)~Anotificationthatisdisplayedtoauserwhenuser-definedcriteriaaremet.
alert(n)~AfeatureavailableinBusinessApplicationsthatnotifiesauserbye-mailwhen
thereisachangetoanitem,document,list,orlibrary.
alert(n)~Aclassofnotificationofsignificancetoauser.Analertmessageisa
notificationthatisgeneratedbyauser-definedruledesignedtonotifyauserofanevent,
condition,orstatus.
alert(n)~Anotificationontheappbarthatisdisplayedtotheusertoperformasystem-
basedaction.Forexample,passwordexpiration.
alertbox(n)~Anon-screenbox,inagraphicaluserinterface,thatisusedtodelivera
messageorwarning.
alertcriteria(n)~Thecriteriathat,ifmet,triggeranalert.
alertforwarding(n)~Aprocesswhichforwardsalertsfromzoneconfigurationgroupto
masterconfigurationgroup.
alerthistory(n)~AlistofthealertsthataWindowsLiveMessengercustomerhas
received.
alertlatency(n)~Thedelaybetweenwhenanalertisraisedandwhenanalertis
displayedontheMOMconsole.
alertname(n)~ThenameofaMOMalert.
alertowner(n)~Thepersonwhoisassignedthealertandwhoisworkingonit.
alertrule(n)~Aspecificationofthesetofconditionsthat,whenmet,willtriggera
notification.
alertseverity(n)~Thepropertyofanalertindicatingitsseriousness.Examplesinclude
ServiceUnavailable,SecurityIssue,CriticalError,Error,Warning,Information,and
Success.
AlertSource(n)~Thecontrolthatspecifiestheuser-definedalertsourcename.Ifno
nameisdefined,thedefaultistheeventsourcename.
Alertview(n)~AviewintheOperationsconsolethatdisplaysthealertsthattheconsole
userhastherightstoseeaboutaspecificobject.
Alerterservice(n)~Aserviceusedbytheserverandotherservicestonotifyselected
usersandcomputersofadministrativealertsthatoccuronacomputer.
alertingthreshold(n)~Athreshold,measuredinmilliseconds,thatApplication
PerformanceMonitoring(APM)usestodetermineifaneventmustbereported.APM
measurestheprocessingtimeofanentrypoint(atop-levelfunction)andreportsanevent
ifthealertingthresholdisexceeded.
alertsmanager(n)~AfeaturethatallowssomeonetomanagetheirWindowsLivealerts.
algorithm(n)~Aruleorprocedureforsolvingaproblem.
alias(n)~Theportionofthee-mailaddressthatappearstotheleftofthe@symbol.
alias(n)~Analternativelabelforsomeobject,suchasafileordatacollection.
alias(n)~Anadditionalnamethatcanbeusedtoaccessaspecificport.
alias(n)~AnattributeoftheschemaelementinCSDLandSSDLschemasthatcanbe
substitutedforthefullnamespacetoshortenelementreferencesintheschema.
alias(n)~Alinktoanyitemaccessibleonyourcomputeroronanetwork,suchasa
programorapplication,file,folder,diskdrive,printer,oranothercomputer.Youcanput
shortcutsinvariousareas,suchasonthedesktop,ontheStartmenu,orinspecificfolders.
aliastype(n)~Auser-defineddatatypebasedononeoftheSQLServersystemdatatypes
thatcanspecifyacertaindatatype,length,andnullability.
align(v)~Toadjustsomedevicetopositionitwithinspecifiedtolerances,suchasthe
read/writeheadrelativetoatrackonadisk.
align(v)~Topositionobjectsortextrelativetosomepoint,suchasthepagemargin.
align(v)~Indatahandling,tostoremultiple-bytedataunitssothattherespectivebytes
fallincorrespondinglocationsofmemory.
alignment(n)~Theconsistentpositioningoftext,graphics,andotherobjects.
alignment(n)~Aconditionwherebyanindexisbuiltonthesamepartitionschemeasthat
ofitscorrespondingtable.
alignmentbox(n)~Therectanglethatappearsaroundshapesandobjectsfromother
applicationsasyoumovethem.
alignmentguide(n)~Alinethatisusedtohelplineupfigureswithcommonlocationson
thepage,suchasthetopofparagraphsorpagemargins.
alignmenttab(n)~Atabcharacterthatcanbeinsertedinheadersandfootersforaligning
datarelativetothemarginorindent.Ifyouchangethemargin/indent,thetextisrealigned
automatically.
Alipay(PN)~AnonlineescrowpaymentserviceinChinathatallowscustomersto
completefinancialtransactionsafterverifyinggoodspurchasedaredeliveredaspromised.
AllActivityAssociatedView(n)~AviewinCRMthatdisplaysallactivitiesassociated
withanentity.
AllContacts(n)~ThedefaultcontactgroupthatCommunicatordisplayswhentheuser
hasnotcreatedanycontactgroups.
Allrightsreserved.(oth)~Astatementindicatingthatthecopyrightholderreserves,or
holdsfortheirownuse,alltherightsprovidedbycopyrightlaw,suchasdistribution,
performance,andcreationofderivativeworks;thatis,theyhavenotwaivedanysuch
right.
Allservices(PN)~ThelinktotheoverviewpageofallWindowsLive,MSN,and
Microsoftproductsonoffer.
AllBits(PN)~AWindowsdeliverytechnologythatprovidesaneditionupgrade-€œpath-
€?wherecustomersandOEMscanmovefromalowertoahighereditionwithinan
editionfamilyonanactiveinstalledOS.AnexamplewouldbeaRetaileditionfamilythat
includesHomeBasic,HomePremium,Professional,andUltimate,andwhichallowsfor
easiermovesbetweeneditions.
all-in-onecardreader(n)~Aflashcardreaderwithslotsthatsupportthemajorityofcard
formatswithouttheneedofeitheracameraadaptororexternalpower.
allocate(v)~Toassignaportionofaresourceforaparticularuseorpurpose.
allocate(v)~ToassignSkypefeatures(suchasSkypeCredit,aSkypeNumber,or
subscriptions)tothemembersofSkypeManager.
allocation(n)~Inoperatingsystems,theprocessofreservingmemoryforusebya
program.
allocation(n)~Theprocessofdistributingamounts(monetaryorstatistical)tooneor
moreaccounts,fields,orrecords.
allocation(n)~Thepercentageofaresource’scapacitythatisdesignatedforaspecific
assignment.
allocation(n)~Anassignmentofaportionofaresourceforaparticularuseorpurpose.
allocationrule(n)~Aruleforthesource,destination,andcalculationofallocation
amounts.
AllocationType(PN)~Adrop-downlistthatletsyouselectwhetherthecustomeris
entitledtoservicebasedonthenumberofcasesthataregeneratedforthecustomer,orthe
numberofhoursthatarespentonthecustomer’scases.
allocationunit(n)~Thesmallestamountofdiskspacethatcanbeallocatedtoholdafile.
allocationunit(n)~Asetofpagesthatcanbeoperatedonasawhole.Pagesbelongingto
anallocationunitaretrackedbyIndexAllocationMap(IAM)pages.Anallocationunit
consistsoftheIAMpagechainandallpagesmarkedallocatedinthatIAMpagechain.An
allocationunitcancontainatmostasingleIAMchain,andanIAMchainmustbelongto
one,andonlyone,allocationunit.
allotment(n)~Aportionorunitofsomethingthathasbeenreservedforaparticularuse.
allotmentremaining(n)~Thenumberofunitsofallottedservicethatremaininthe
servicecontract.
allotmenttype(n)~Aunitofservice,suchasacaseorarangeofcoveragedates,
specifiedinaservicecontractthatindicateshowmuchaccessacustomerhastocustomer
service.
allotmentused(n)~Thenumberofunitsofallottedservicethathavebeenused.
AllotmentsRemaining(n)~Afieldinthecontractlinedialogwheretheuserentersthe
numberofallotmentsremaining.
AllotmentsUsed(n)~Afieldinthecontractlinedialogwheretheuserentersthenumber
ofallotmentsused.
Allow(v)~Apermissionsettingthatpermitsapersonordomaintoaddtheusertocontact
lists,seetheuser’sstatus,orsendinstantmessagestotheuser.
allow(v)~Topermitsomeoneelsetoperformanaction.Forexample,toletsomeoneelse
seeyouronlinestatus,sendyoumessages,orseeyourpublicMessengerinformation.
Allowlist(n)~Alistofusers,accounts,Websites,etc.thatarepermittedtoperform
certainactionsonanetwork.
allowlist(n)~Alistofusers,accounts,Websites,etc.thatarepermittedtoperform
certainactionsonanetwork.
AllowPartiallyTrustedCallersAttribute(n)~AnattributethattellstheCLRtoremove
theimplicitLinkDemands.Bydefault,stronglynamed,fullytrustedassembliesaregiven
animplicitLinkDemandforFullTrustoneverypublicandprotectedmethodofevery
publiclyvisibleclass.Essentially,anycodethatsomeoneoutsideofyourassemblycould
useasanentrypointintoyourcodeisprotectedwiththisdemand.
Allowphrase(n)~AcustomwordorphrasethattheadministratorsetsfortheContent
Filteragenttoenabletheprocessingofe-mailmessagestoExchangeServer2007mailbox
usersthatcontainspecificwordsorphrases.
AllowUnknownSender(PN)~ABooleanfieldfortheConvertRuleentitythatshows
whetheritemsfromanunknownsenderneedtobeconvertedtoacase.
AllowUserOpt-Outoption(n)~TheoptionontheSpamFilterpageforturningoffspam
andvirusfilteringattheindividualuserlevel.
AllowUserstoLogintoSpamQuarantineoption(n)~TheoptionontheSpam
QuarantinepagethatcontrolsaccesstotheSpamQuarantineWebsiteforaspecificuser.
alloweddomains(n)~Domainsorpartsofdomainsthatareaddedtoanallowlistbythe
user,allowingcommunicationbetweenanapplicationandcertaindomainswhileblocking
connectionsfromotherdomains.
AllowedValuesCollectionEditor(PN)~AcustomcollectioneditordialogboxinVisual
Studio.NETthatdevelopersusetodefinethesetofallowedvaluesforacustomproperty
ofthetypeselection.’Thisdialogboxopenswhenyouclicktheellipsis[]buttoninthe
valuefieldoftheAllowedValuespropertyintheCustomPropertyDefinitionCollection
Editordialogbox.’
alpha(n)~Averyearlyreleaseofaproducttogetpreliminaryfeedbackaboutthefeature
setandusability.
alpha(adj)~Pertainingtoapixel’sopacity.Apixelwiththemaximumalphavalueis
opaque,onewithavalueofzeroistransparent,andonewithanintermediatevalueis
translucent.
alphablending(n)~Incomputergraphics,atechniquethatcausesaforegroundimageto
appearpartiallytransparentoverabackgroundimage.Thetechniqueblendsthe
backgroundimagewithpartiallytransparentpixelsintheforegroundimagebyperforming
aweightedaverageofthecolorcomponentsofthetwoimages.
alphachannel(n)~Theopacityofanimagedefinedbyanalphavalueperpixel
interleavedwiththecolorcomponents(forexampleARGB)analphavalueperpixel
storedinaseparatealphasurfaceoraconstantalphavaluefortheentiresurface.
alphamask(n)~Apathorshapethatisappliedtoanotherobject.Thetransparent
portionsofthepathrepresentareaswheretheunderlyingimageishidden,whereasthe
opaqueportionsofthemaskindicatewherethemaskedobjectisallowed
alphapremultiplied(adj)~Pertainingtothetechniqueofscalingthethreecolor
componentsofasamplebyalphabeforestoringtheirvalues.Thissavesmany
mathematicalstepswhenalphablendingtwoimages.ForthePMARGB32pixelformat,
allcolorvaluesarealphapremultiplied.
alphatest(n)~Atypeofpost-pixelblendingoperationwhichallowsapplicationsto
controlwhenpixelsarewrittentotherendertarget.
alphaversion(n)~Averyearlyreleaseofaproducttogetpreliminaryfeedbackaboutthe
featuresetandusability.
alphabetical(adj)~Arrangedinorderaccordingtothelettersofthealphabet.
alphanumeric(adj)~Consistingoflettersordigits,orboth,andsometimesincluding
controlcharacters,spacecharacters,andotherspecialcharacters.
alphanumericmode(n)~Adisplaymodeinwhichthemonitorcandisplayletters,
numbers,andothertextcharactersbutnographicalimagesorWYSIWYG(what-you-see-
is-what-you-get’)characterformatting(italics
ALTkey(n)~Akeyboardkeythatisusedinconjunctionwithanotherkeytoproduce
somespecialfeatureorfunctionandistypicallymarkedwiththelettersAlt.
alttext(n)~ThetextstringthatappearsinplaceofanimagewhenaWebpageisloading,
whengraphicsarenotbeingdisplayed,orwhenuserspauseontheimageitselfwiththeir
mouse.
Alt.Rock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#40.
alternate(n)~Apotentialwordmatchforasegmentofink.
alternateaccessmapping(n)~AnalternateURLmappingthatWindowsSharePoint
Servicespreservesinthemappingtable.ItistheURLauserwouldsee,butisnotaURL
thatIISwouldgivetoWSS.
alternateaccount(n)~Anadditionaluseraccountthatisinadifferentdomain,butwithin
thesameforestastheprimaryaccount.
alternatecurrency(n)~Thecurrencyunitusedonasitetoconvertandformatasecond
currencyfordualdisplay.
alternatee-mailaddress(n)~Ane-mailaddresstowhichpasswordresetinformationcan
besentifacustomerforgetsthepasswordportionoftheirWindowsLiveID.
alternatekey(n)~Acandidatekeythatisnotdesignatedastheprimarykeyandisusedto
uniquelyidentifyrecordsinadatabasetable.
alternatelist(n)~Alistofalternatewordsthatyoucanusetocorrectrecognitionerrors
onthewritingpad.
AlternateQuestion(n)~Akeywordorphrasethatcustomersmayuseinsteadofthe
articlequestion(title)whensearchingtheSupportPortalforthesameorsimilarcontent.
alternaterecipient(n)~Ane-mailaccounttowhiche-mailmessagesareforwarded.A
usercanbundlee-mailmessagesaddressedtodifferentaccountsbyusingasingle
alternaterecipientforalltheaccounts.
alternatingcurrent(n)~Electriccurrentthatreversesitsdirectionofflow(polarity)
periodicallyaccordingtoafrequencymeasuredinhertz,orcyclespersecond.Therapid
changefrompositivetonegativeelectricityof60ormoretimeseachsecond.
AlternatingFlow(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupsofinformation
orsequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.Emphasizestheinteractionor
relationshipsamongthegroupsofinformation.
Alternative(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#20.
alternativetext(n)~TextdisplayedbyWebbrowsersduringimagedownloadsforusers
whohavegraphicsturnedoff,andforuserswhorelyonscreen-readingsoftwareto
convertgraphicsonthescreentospokenwords.
alternativetext(n)~ThetextstringthatappearsinplaceofanimagewhenaWebpageis
loading,whengraphicsarenotbeingdisplayed,orwhenuserspauseontheimageitself
withtheirmouse.
AltstoffRecyclingAustriaAGnotification(n)~Areportofpackagingmaterialsusedfor
manufacturedproducts,asrequiredbyAustrianregulation.AltstoffRecyclingAustriaAG
isanAustrianwastemanagementorganizationthatcollectsandrecyclespackaging
material.
ALU(n)~Acomponentofamicroprocessorchipusedforarithmetic,comparative,and
logicalfunctions.
AlwaysMovegallery(PN)~Agallerythatallowsuserstocreateaquickruletomove
mailtoaselectedfolderbasedonthesender,recipients,orconversationofthecurrently
selectede-mailmessagewithoutopeningthefullCreateRuledialog.
AlwaysonTop(PN)~Auserinterfaceelementthatcausestheapplicationwindowto
alwaysbedisplayedoverotheropenwindowsonthecomputer,evenwhenitdoesnot
havefocus.
always-on~Aninternetconnectionwhichremainson24/7suchas-ADSL-orcable,
ratherthanonlyconnectingondemandlikeadialup.
AlwaysOnAvailabilityGroups(PN)~Ahigh-availabilityanddisaster-recoverysolution
thatprovidesprotectionforasetofuserdatabasesacrossmultiplemachinesanddata
centersusingSQLServertoreplicatethedata.
AmazonDeviceMessaging(PN)~Aservicethatallowssendingpushnotificationsfrom
thecloudtoAmazondevicestohelpengagewithcustomersandcreatenewopportunities
formonetizationwithappsorgames.
AmazonWebServices(PN)~Acollectionofremotecomputingservicesthatmakeupa
cloudcomputingplatformofferedbyAmazon.com.
Ambient(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#26.
ambientcontext(n)~Apatternthatprovidesaplacetostorescopeorcontextrelated
informationorfunctionalitythatautomaticallyfollowstheflowofexecutionbetween
executionscopesordomains.
ambientlight(n)~Atypeoflightthatappearsasifitiscomingfromalldirections.Use
thiswhenyouwanttolightallobjectsevenly.
AmbientLightIndicator(PN)~Anadministrationapplicationtohelpyoufindlighting
issuesthataffectasmallerareaoftheSurfacescreen.Thistoolcanhelpyouadjustthe
lightingortheunitposition.YoushouldusethistooleverytimethattheSurfaceunitis
movedtoanewlocationorlightingismodifiedsignificantly.
ambientlightsensor(n)~Atypeoflightsensorthattracksambientlightinthe
surroundingsandthereforetheamountofbacklightneededfortheLCDscreentobe
adjustedaccordingly.
AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(PN)~Avoluntary,nonprofitorganizationof
U.S.businessandindustrygroupsformedin1918forthedevelopmentoftradeand
communicationstandards.ANSIistheAmericanrepresentativeoftheInternational
StandardsOrganizationandhasdevelopedrecommendationsfortheuseofprogramming
languagesincludingFORTRAN,C,andCOBOL.
AmericanStandardCodeforInformationInterchange(n)~Astandardsingle-byte
characterencodingschemeusedfortext-baseddata.ASCIIusesdesignated7-bitor8-bit
numbercombinationstorepresenteither128or256possiblecharacters.StandardASCII
uses7bitstorepresentalluppercaseandlowercaseletters,thenumbers0through9,
punctuationmarks,andspecialcontrolcharactersusedinU.S.English.Mostcurrentx86-
basedsystemssupporttheuseofextended(orhigh’)ASCII.ExtendedASCIIallowsthe
eighthbitofeachcharactertoidentifyanadditional128specialsymbolcharacters
AMO(n)~Acollectionof.NETnamespacesincludedwithAnalysisServices,usedto
provideadministrativefunctionalityforclientapplications.
amortize(v)~Tograduallywriteofftheregularportionofthecostofanassetoverthe
projectedlifeoftheasset.
amount(n)~Adefinitemagnitudeofcurrency,aquantityofcurrency,oranindefinite
magnitudeofanuncountablesubstanceorquality.
ampersand(n)~The&character.
AMPERSAND(n)~The&character.
AMS(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatallowsyoutocreateworkflowsforthe
creation,management,anddistributionofdigitalmedia.
AMT(n)~AnIntelnetworkingmanagementtechnologythatissupportedby
ConfigurationManageroutofbandmanagement,whichenablesaConfigurationManager
administratortomanagedesktopcomputersindependentlyfromtheConfiguration
Managerclientorthecomputeroperatingsystem.
analog(adj)~Pertainingtothetraditionalformatinwhichaudioandvideoaretransmitted
byusingawaveoranalogsignal.Ananalogsignalmaynotworkwithdigitalspeakers;
computersusedigitalsignals.
analogouscolors(n)~Colorsthataredirectlynexttoeachotheronthecolorwheel.Each
colorhastwoanalogouscolors(oneoneachsideofit).
analoguecopyprotection(n)~Aformofrightsmanagementbasedontechnology
developedbyMacrovision,whichpreventsanalogueoutputtobeplayedbackfromVHS
tape.
analysis(n)~Inconceptualdesign,thebreakingdownandexaminationofbusinessand
userinformationintousecasesandscenariosdocumentingworkprocesses.Inlogical
design,theidentificationofservices,objects,attributes,andrelationshipsfromscenarios.
Inphysicaldesign,theexaminationofphysicalconstraintsoftheinfrastructureandthe
physicalrequirementsoftheapplicationtoselectcandidateimplementationtechnologies
andtodraftapreliminarydeploymentmodel.
AnalysisManagementObjects(n)~Acollectionof.NETnamespacesincludedwith
AnalysisServices,usedtoprovideadministrativefunctionalityforclientapplications.
AnalysisServer(PN)~TheservercomponentofAnalysisServicesthatisspecifically
designedtocreateandmaintainmultidimensionaldatastructuresandprovide
multidimensionaldatainresponsetoclientqueries.
AnalysisServices(n)~AfeatureofMicrosoftSQLServerthatsupportsonlineanalytical
processing(OLAP)anddataminingforbusinessintelligenceapplications.Analysis
Servicesorganizesdatafromadatawarehouseintocubeswithprecalculatedaggregation
datatoproviderapidanswerstocomplexanalyticalqueries.
AnalysisServicesConnector(PN)~AclientagentthatenablesPowerBItoconnectto
on-premisesSQLServerAnalysisServicesinstances.
Analyst(PN)~Lowestlevelofuserroles.Analystscanseethesolutioncontentand
reviewsentiments.
analyticchart(n)~Areporttypethatdisplayscubedatainavisual,interactivechart
format.
analyticgrid(n)~Areporttypethatdisplayscubedatainavisual,interactivetabular
format.
analyticaldata(n)~Datathatprovidesthevaluesthatareassociatedwithspatialdata.
Forexample,spatialdatadefinesthelocationsofcitiesinanareawhereasanalyticaldata
providesthepopulationforeachcity.
analyticsdashboard(n)~Adashboardthatmonitorsandtracksthetrendofusers’
YammerparticipationandactivitiessothatorganizationscanseehowtheirYammer
networkisbeingused.
AnalyticsService(PN)~Theservicethatperformsanalyticsprocessingforsearchin
SharePoint.
AnalyticsUnitHours(n)~TheunitofmeasureforBusinessAnalyticsinAzure.
ancestor(n)~Inatreestructure,theelementofwhichagivenelementisachild.
Equivalenttoaparentelement.
ancestorcategory(n)~Acategorythatisclosertotherootcategorythroughoneormore
parent-childrelationships.Aparentcategoryisanancestorcategory,asistheparentofthe
parent,andsoforth
ancestorelement(n)~Inatreestructure,theelementofwhichagivenelementisachild.
Equivalenttoaparentelement.
anchor(n)~Alocationorselectionoftextinafilethatyounameforreferencepurposes.
Bookmarksidentifyalocationwithinyourfilethatyoucanlaterreferorlinkto.
anchor(n)~Aformatcodeinadesktoppublishingorwordprocessingdocumentthat
keepsanelementinthedocument,suchasafigureoracaptionoralabelassociatedwith
thefigure,inacertainpositioninthedocument.Theanchoredobjectisgenerallyattached
toanotherelementinthedocument.
anchor(v)~Tomanipulateaninterfaceelement,suchasatoolbar,sothatitmaintainsthe
relativepositiontotheanchorededges,whenthedisplayorientationorsizechanges.
anchorcap(n)~Alinecapwherethewidthofthecapisbiggerthanthewidthoftheline.
anchormember(n)~ThefirstinvocationofarecursiveCTEconsistsofoneormore
CTE_query_definitionjoinedbyUNIONALL,UNION,EXCEPTorINTERSECT
operators.BecausethesequerydefinitionsformthebaseresultsetoftheCTEstructure,
theyarereferredtoasanchormembers.
anchorplugin(n)~Agathererplug-inthatisresponsibleforindexingtheanchortext.
Anchortextisanimportantfeatureintherankingofthesearchresultsinv3.
anchorpoint(n)~Thestartingpointforaselectedrangeofobjects.Ananchorpointis
usuallyestablishedattheobjectlogicallynearestthehotspotofamousepointerwhena
userpressesamousebuttonortouchesthetipofapentothescreen.
anchorpoint(n)~Apointinspacethatisusedtoalignotherobjects,orusedtodetermine
thefixedpointsoredgesinotherobjectswhentheyareresized.
AnchorVolumeDescriptorPointer(n)~ApartoftheUDFfilesystemnecessaryto
identifytherequiredblocksinordertointerpretthefilesystem.
anchorwindow(n)~Asmallwindowthatcanappearinthelower-rightcornerofthe
screenwhenWindowsMediaPlayerisinskinmode.Youcanusethewindowtoreturnto
fullmodeandaccessothercommands.
AND(n)~Alogicaloperationcombiningthevaluesoftwobits(0,1)ortwoBoolean
values(false,true)thatreturnsavalueof1(true)ifbothinputvaluesare1(true)and
returnsa0(false)otherwise.
Android(PN)~Amobileoperatingsystem(OS)basedontheLinuxkernelandcurrently
developedbyGoogle.
Android~Apopularoperatingsystemfor-smartphones-and-tablets,ownedbyGoogle.
AndroidChina(PN)~AnoperatingsystemformobiledevicesbasedonGoogle’s
AndroidasanindependentdevelopmentbyBaidu,thedominantsearchengineoperatorin
China.
anglebrackets(n)~The<>characters.
angleofrotation(n)~Theangleoftheorientationofashape’slocalcoordinatesystem
withrespecttoitsparentcoordinatesystem.TheangleofrotationisspecifiedintheAngle
celloftheShapeTransformsectioninaShapeSheetspreadsheet.
angularunit(n)~TheunitinwhichanglesareexpressedinShapeSheetcells.
ANI(n)~Aprogramthatidentifiesthephonenumberwhereacalloriginates.
animate(v)~Toaddaspecialvisualorsoundeffecttotextoranobject.Forexample,you
canhaveyourtextbulletpointsflyinfromtheleft,onewordatatime,orhearthesound
ofapplausewhenapictureisuncovered.
animatedbackground(n)~Abackgroundthatchangesappearancethroughthedisplayof
asequentialsetofimagescontainedinasinglefile.
AnimatedBlood(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
animatedGIF(n)~AseriesofgraphicimagesinGIFformat,displayedsequentiallyina
singlelocationtogivetheappearanceofamovingpicture.
animation(n)~Arecordofsynthetic,successivestillimagesthatproduceanillusionof
movementwhenplayedback.
animationeffect(n)~Aspecialvisualorsoundeffectaddedtotextoranobject.For
instance,ausercanhavethetextbulletpointsflyinfromtheleft,onewordatatime,or
hearthesoundsofapplausewhenapictureisuncovered.
animationinterpolation(n)~Akindofinterpolationthatanimatesthepropertyvalues
betweensuccessivekeytimes.
AnimationLibrary(PN)~Alibrarythatdeveloperscanuseintheirapplications
throughoutthenewWindowsuserinterface.
animationmanager(n)~Acorecomponentofananimationapplicationandthecentral
programmaticinterfaceformanaging(creating,scheduling,andcontrolling)animations.-
AnimationPainter(v)~Afeaturethatreplicatestheanimationassociatedwithasource
objecttooneormoretargetobjects.
animationresource(n)~Ananimationstoryboardthatisencapsulatedinsuchawaythat
itcanbereusedelsewhereinyourapplication.
animationscheme(n)~Addspresetvisualeffectstotextonslides.Rangingfromsubtle
toexciting,eachschemeusuallyincludesaneffectfortheslidetitleandaneffectthatis
appliedtobulletsorparagraphsonaslide.
animationstyle(n)~Anabstractgroupingofsimilaranimationeffects.
animationtimer(n)~Acomponenttoprovidetimingservicesusedinconjunctionwith
theanimationmanager.Itdynamicallythrottlestheframeratebasedonapplicationand
systemloadorinlow-powermode.
animationtrigger(n)~Ananimationoptionthatcanbesetsothattheanimationplays
whenaspecifieditemisclicked.
animationworkspace(n)~Auserinterfaceareawhereanimationsarecomposed.
anniversarydate(n)~Thecalendardatewhichsignifiesthedateonwhichanevent
occurredinsomepreviousyear.
annotation(n)~Anoteorcommentattachedtosomepartofadocumenttoprovide
relatedinformation.Someapplicationssupportvoiceannotationsorannotationsaccessible
byicons.
annotationfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsannotations.
annotationalproperty(n)~ApropertythatismaintainedbyMetadataServicesasstring
datathatcanbeattachedtoanyrepositoryobjectthatexposestheIAnnotationalProps
interface.
announcedtransfer(n)~Theactofsendingthecurrentphonecalltoathirdpersonand
speakingtothethirdpersonfirstbeforedisconnectingfromthecall.
Announcement(PN)~AMicrosoftDynamicsCRMcomponentthatisusedto
communicatetextinformationinabulletin-boardfashiontoanorganization.
Announcements(n)~TheSettingssub-areawhereyoucanconfigurethepublication
settingsforinternalbusinessnewsandnotices.
AnnualReportPreparation(n)~Atemplatethataddresses,fromaFinance&
Accountingview,thegeneralactivitiesthatdefineatypicalefforttoprepareanAnnual
FinancialReport.-Includesactivitiesfocusedonobtainingthenecessaryinformationfrom
multipledepartments,toworkingwithotherdepartments(e.g.,LegalandPublic
Relations)toensureallrequiredinformationispresentedaccurately,andupthroughthe
printinganddistributionprocess.
annualrevenue(n)~Theincomethatanaccountgeneratesinoneyearastheresultof
buyingorsellinggoodsandservices.
annunciator(n)~Aneffectthatisappliedtoanexistingelementonthetaskbartoindicate
thatausernotificationisactive.
anonymity(n)~Aconditioninwhichanindividual’strueidentityisunknown.
anonymizer(n)~Softwareorwebservicethatprovidesananonymousproxydesignedto
makeuseridentityuntraceable.
anonymous(adj)~OntheInternet,thestandardloginnameusedtoobtainaccesstoa
publicFTPfilearchive.
anonymous(adj)~Pertainingtoaprocessorcontentthatisnotassociatedwithan
identifiableuserororiginator.
anonymousallowedmeeting(n)~AmeetinginwhichuserswithoutActiveDirectory
credentialsareallowedtoattendsolongastheyhaveavalidconferencekeyandpass
Digestauthentication.
anonymousbinding(n)~Awayofbindingtoadirectorywhereuserscanaccessonlya
limitedareaofthedirectory.
anonymousFTP(n)~Atypeofinternetfiletransferthatallowsusertoaccessaremote
computerwithouthavingtoestablishanaccount.
anonymousFTPauthentication(n)~Aprotocolthatmakesitpossibleforauserto
retrievedocuments,files,programs,andotherarchiveddatafromanywhereonthe
Internetwithouthavingtoestablishalogonnameandpassword.
anonymouslogon(n)~Auserwhohasconnectedtothecomputerwithoutsupplyinga
usernameandpassword.
anonymousmethod(n)~Apracticallanguageconstructthatallowsprogrammersto
createcodeblocksthatcanbeencapsulatedinadelegateandexecutedatalatertime.
Theyarebasedonalanguageconceptcalledalambdafunctionandaresimilartothose
foundinLispandPython.
anonymousreplica(n)~Aspecialtypeofreplicainwhichyoudon’tkeeptrackof
individualusers.
anonymoussubscription(n)~Atypeofpullsubscriptionforwhichdetailedinformation
aboutthesubscriptionandtheSubscriberisnotstored.
anonymoustype(n)~Aclasstypewhosenameisgeneratedbythecompilerandthat
inheritsdirectlyfromObject.Membersofananonymoustypearepropertiesthatare
inferredfromtheobjectinitializerthatcreatesinstancesofthetype.
anonymoususer(n)~Anon-validateduserwhoisnotrecognizedbytheserver,andwho
canonlyaccesspublishedfoldersandaddresslists.
anonymoususer(n)~AuserwhoaccessescontentonaWebsitewithoutprovidingauser
loginnameandpassword.
anonymoususer(n)~AnexternaluserwhodoesnothavecredentialsintheActive
DirectoryDomainServices.Unlikeafederateduser,ananonymoususerisnot
authenticated.
anonymoususeraccess(n)~TheabilitytogainaccesstoaWebserveronwhichone
doesnothaveanaccount.
ANSIcharacterset(n)~An8-bitcharactersetusedbyMicrosoftWindowsthatallows
youtorepresentupto256characters(0through255)byusingyourkeyboard.TheASCII
charactersetisasubsetoftheANSIset.
ANSISQLquerymode(n)~OneoftwotypesofSQLsyntax:ANSI-89SQL(alsocalled
MicrosoftJetSQLandANSISQL),whichisthetraditionalJetSQLsyntax;andANSI-92
SQL,whichhasnewanddifferentreservedwords,syntaxrules,andwildcardcharacters.
ANSIX.12(n)~AmessageformatdevelopedbytheAmericanNationalStandards
Instituteforelectronicdatainterchange(EDI).X.12isusedprimarilyintheUnitedStates.
answer(PN)~AUserInterface(UI)elementthatinitiatestheprocessofacceptingan
incomingtelephonecall.
answer(v)~Toacceptanincomingtelephonecall.
AnswerDesk(PN)~Theprimaryone-to-onesupportofferingforMicrosoftconsumer
productsandsoftware.
answerfile(n)~AfilethatautomatesWindowsSetup.Thisfileenablestheconfiguration
ofWindowssettings,theadditionandremovalofcomponents,andmanyWindowsSetup
tasks,suchasdiskconfiguration.
answerfile(n)~Atextfilethatstorestheinformationthatauserprovidesthroughthe
Setupwizard,alongwiththecommand-lineargumentsfortheactionsperformedbySetup.
Thisfile-canbeusedlatertorununattendedinstallationswiththesamesettings.
AnswerTech(PN)~AMicrosofttechnicalexpertwhoprovidesone-to-onesupport
throughAnswerDesk.
answeringrouter(n)~Therouterthatanswersthedemand-dialconnectionattempt(the
VPNserver).
antialiasing(n)~Asoftwaretechniqueforsmoothingthejaggedappearanceofcurvedor
diagonallinescausedbypoorresolutiononadisplayscreen.Methodsofanti-aliasing
includesurroundingpixelswithintermediateshadesandmanipulatingthesizeand
horizontalalignmentofthepixels.
anti-aliasing(n)~Asoftwaretechniqueforsmoothingthejaggedappearanceofcurvedor
diagonallinescausedbypoorresolutiononadisplayscreen.Methodsofanti-aliasing
includesurroundingpixelswithintermediateshadesandmanipulatingthesizeand
horizontalalignmentofthepixels.
anti-bullyingsupervisionpolicy(n)~E-mailpolicysettingsthatadministratorsuseto
preventabullyfromsendinge-mailmessagestospecificpeoplebyaddingthebully’se-
mailaddressasanentryonthevictim’s’supervisionlist.Thisfunctionalitysupportsanti-
harassmentpoliciesinschoolsandotherorganizations.’
AntigenAdministrator(n)~Theprogramusedbyanadministratortoconfigureandrun
Antigen,eitherlocallyorremotely.
AntigenService(n)~Theconfigurationandmonitoringagentontheservertowhichthe
AntigenAdministratorconnects.
AntigenSpamManager(PN)~Anadd-onmoduleforAntigen,usedtominimizethe
numberofspame-mailmessagesthatentertheExchangeenvironments.
anti-hammering(adj)~Atypeofsoftwareorhardwaremethodthatincreasesthe
difficultyandcostofakeysearchattackonaPINorpassword.
antimalwarepolicy(n)~Acollectionofprotectionsettingsthatareappliedtocollections
ofclientcomputerstospecifyhowEndpointProtectionprotectsthemfrommalwareand
otherthreats,includinginformationaboutthescanschedule,thetypesoffilesandfolders
toscan,andtheactionstotakewhenmalwareisdetected.
antimalwareprogram(n)~Acomputerprogramdesignedtodetectandrespondto
malicioussoftware,suchasvirusesandworms.Responsesmayincludeblockinguser
accesstoinfectedfiles,cleaninginfectedfilesorsystems,orinformingtheuserthatan
infectedprogramwasdetected.
antimalwaresoftware(n)~Acomputerprogramdesignedtodetectandrespondto
malicioussoftware,suchasvirusesandworms.Responsesmayincludeblockinguser
accesstoinfectedfiles,cleaninginfectedfilesorsystems,orinformingtheuserthatan
infectedprogramwasdetected.
anti-phishing(adj)~Pertainingtomethodsemployedtoprotectusersfromphishing.
anti-shake(n)~Animagestabilizationtechniquethat’susedtoreducetheappearanceof
camerashakeinavideoimage.
anti-shakefeature(n)~Animagestabilizationtechniquethat’susedtoreducethe
appearanceofcamerashakeinavideoimage.
antispam~Anantispamprogramisusedtofilteroutemail-spam.
anti-spamstamping(n)~FunctionalityinExchangeServer2007thathelpsthe
messagingadministratordiagnosespam-relatedproblemsbyapplyingdiagnostic
metadata,orstamps
antispyware(n)~Ageneralclassofsoftwareusedtodetectspywareandsometimes
removeit.
antispywareprogram(n)~Aprogramusedtodetectspywareandsometimesremoveit.
antispywaresoftware(n)~Ageneralclassofsoftwareusedtodetectspywareand
sometimesremoveit.
antivirus~Softwarewhichprotectscomputersfromvirusesandsuchlike.Hastobe
updatedfrequentlytokeepupwiththelatestthreats,soisusuallysoldwithasubscription
whichenablesyoutodownloadupdatesfromtheinternet.
antivirusengine(n)~Acomputerprogramthatidentifiesviruses.
antivirusprogram(n)~Acomputerprogramdesignedtodetectandrespondtomalicious
software,suchasvirusesandworms.Responsesmayincludeblockinguseraccessto
infectedfiles,cleaninginfectedfilesorsystems,orinformingtheuserthataninfected
programwasdetected.
antivirussoftware(n)~Acomputerprogramdesignedtodetectandrespondtomalicious
software,suchasvirusesandworms.Responsesmayincludeblockinguseraccessto
infectedfiles,cleaninginfectedfilesorsystems,orinformingtheuserthataninfected
programwasdetected.
antivirusstamping(n)~Amechanismthathelpsreducethevolumeofantivirusscanning
thatisrequiredacrossanorganizationbystampingmessagesthathavebeenscannedfor
viruseswithmetadatathatindicatestheversionoftheantivirussoftwarethatperformed
thescanandtheresultofthatscan.Thismetadata,orstamp
antivirusupdate(n)~Periodicupdatefromsoftwaremanufacturerstotheirantivirus
software.
AnyCharacter(oth)~Amenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchastringbasedona
wildcardforacharacter,whenthenumberoflettersisknown.Example:Thesearchfor
D*O**willreturnallfive-letterwordsthatbeginwithaDandwhereOisthethirdletter.
AnyCharacter,0orMoreMatches(oth)~Amenuitemthatallowstheusertosearcha
stringbasedonawildcardforacharacter.Example:ThesearchforD*O**willreturnall
wordsthatbeginwithaDandwhereOisthethirdletter.
AnyDigit(oth)~Amenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchastringbasedonawildcard
thatsubstitutesadigit.
AnywhereAccess(PN)~Acollectionofproductandplatformremoteaccesstechnologies
thatenableusersanywhereontheInternettoaccessinformationlocatedbehindthe
corporatefirewall.
AO(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
AOLexploit(n)~AtypeoftrojanthatattacksusersoftheAOLInternetservice,oftenby
retrievingpasswordsormodifyingsettings.
AOT(n)~Anavigableviewoftheelementobjectsinanapplicationmodel.
APEast(PN)~TheAsiaPacificEastregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
APSoutheast(PN)~TheAsiaPacificSoutheastregionwithintheAzureregion
taxonomy.
ApacheCordova(PN)~AsetofdeviceAPIsthatallowamobileappdevelopertoaccess
nativedevicefunctionforbuildingnativemobileapplicationsusingHTML,CSS,and
JavaScript.
ApacheStorm(PN)~Adistributed,fault-tolerant,opensourcecomputationsystemthat
allowsyoutoprocessdatainrealtime.
apartment(n)~AgroupofoneormoreCOMobjectsinaprocess.ACOMobjectlivesin
exactlyoneapartment,inthesensethatitsmethodscanlegallybedirectlycalledonlybya
threadthatbelongstothatapartment.Anyotherthreadthatwantstocalltheobjectmust
gothroughaproxy.
apartmentthreading(n)~ACOMthreadingmodelwhereallcallstoanobjectoccuron
onethread.Inapartmentthreading,COMsynchronizesandmarshalscalls.
apartmentthreadingmodel(n)~ACOMthreadingmodelwhereallcallstoanobject
occurononethread.Inapartmentthreading,COMsynchronizesandmarshalscalls.
apartment-threadedcomponent(n)~ACOMcomponentthatresidesonasinglethread
ofexecution.Apartment-threadedcomponentsrelyonCOMtosynchronizecallstothem.
AllCOMobjectscreatedwithVisualBasicareapartmentthreaded.
APC(n)~Afunctioncallthatexecutesseparatelyfromanexecutingprogramwhenaset
ofenablingconditionsexist.Aftertheconditionshavebeenmet,theoperatingsystem’s
kernelissuesasoftwareinterruptanddirectstheexecutingprogramtoexecutethecall.
aperture(n)~Asmall,circularopeninginsidethelensthatcanchangeindiameterto
controltheamountoflightreachingthecamera’ssensorasapictureistaken.Theaperture
diameterisexpressedinf-stops;thelowerthenumber,thelargertheaperture.
aperture(n)~Inphotography,thediameteroftheapertureexpressedintermsofthefocal
lengthofthecameralens.Thegreaterthef-number,thelesslightreachesthefilmandthe
moreinfocustheobjectsintheforegroundandthebackgroundwillbe.Forexample,with
anf-number=16theobjectsinthefarbackgroundwillbeinfocus.Whereas,withanf-
number=2thebackgroundwillbeblurry(whileforegroundobjectsareinfocus).
aperturepriority(n)~Amodeinmanydigitalcamerasthatallowsuserstoadjustthe
aperturevaluetotheirownliking.
aperturevalue(n)~Inphotography,thediameteroftheapertureexpressedintermsofthe
focallengthofthecameralens.Thegreaterthef-number,thelesslightreachesthefilm
andthemoreinfocustheobjectsintheforegroundandthebackgroundwillbe.For
example,withanf-number=16theobjectsinthefarbackgroundwillbeinfocus.
Whereas,withanf-number=2thebackgroundwillbeblurry(whileforegroundobjects
areinfocus).
API(n)~Asetofroutinesthatanapplicationusestorequestandcarryoutlower-level
servicesperformedbyacomputer’sordevice’soperatingsystem.Theseroutinesusually
carryoutmaintenancetaskssuchasmanagingfilesanddisplayinginformation.
APIcall(n)~Atransitionfromusertokernelmode.
APIcontract(n)~AnatomicsetofAPIs(regardlessofWindowsappmodel)that
providesaspecificWindowsplatformcapability.?
APIfunction(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)routine.
APIManagement(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheAppServicesservicethatenables
organizationstocontrolaccess,controlandreportingofpublicandprivateAPIs.
APIservercursor(n)~Aservercursorthatisbuilttosupportthecursorfunctionsofan
API,suchasODBC,OLEDB,ADO,andDB-Library.
APIC(oth)~Aprogrammableinterruptcontroller(PIC)thatprovidesmultiprocessor
interruptmanagement.AnAPICincorporatesbothstaticanddynamicsymmetricinterrupt
distributionacrossallprocessors.Itusuallyhasmoreavailableinterruptlinesthana
typicalPIC.
APIPA(n)~ATCP/IPfeatureinWindowsXPandWindowsServer2003that
automaticallyconfiguresauniqueIPaddressfromtherange169.254.0.1through
169.254.255.254withasubnetmaskof255.255.0.0whentheTCP/IPprotocolis
configuredfordynamicaddressingandaDHCPserverisnotavailable.TheAPIPArange
ofIPaddressesisreservedbytheInternetAssignedNumbersAuthority(IANA)foruseon
asinglesubnet,andIPaddresseswithinthisrangearenotusedontheInternet.
APM(n)~AnolderpowermanagementtechnologyusedinmobilePCsbeforethe
implementationofAdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface(ACPI).Advanced
PowerManagementisasoftwareinterfacethatfunctionsbetweentheBIOSpower-
managementsoftwarethatisspecifictothehardwareandapower-managementpolicy
driverthatisrunbytheoperatingsystem.
APM(n)~Theprocessofcollectinginformationaboutsoftwareperformance.
APMagent(n)~Anagentthatresidesonamonitoredsystemandgathersexceptionand
performanceinformationfromamonitoredapplicationandreportsittotheAPMservice.
APN(n)~Thenameoftheaccesspointusedtoestablishwirelessconnectivity.
APNs(PN)~AnAppleservicethatletsyousendpushnotificationstoiOSapps.
apostrophe(n)~The‘character(user-typedtext).
apostrophe(n)~The‘character(publishingcharacter).
APOSTROPHE(n)~The‘character(user-typedtext).
app(n)~Asetofinstructionsthatacomputerordeviceusestoperformaspecifictask,
suchaswordprocessing,accounting,ordatamanagement.
appbar(n)~AUIelementthatappearsalongthetoporbottomedgeofthescreenand
mayincludeappcommandsornavigation.
appbundle(n)~Acollectionofapppackagesandsharedapppackageresourcesfora
singleapp.
AppCatalog(PN)~ASharePointdocumentlibrarythatadministratorscanuseto
distributeappsforOfficeandSharePointtotheirendusers.
appcommand(n)~Afunctionrelevanttoanappinusethatisdisplayedontheappbar.
appcompat(n)~Theconceptofensuringthatolderapplicationsstillruncorrectlyunder
neweroperatingsystems.
AppConnect(PN)~Afeaturethathighlightsrelevantappsfortheuser,dependingon
whattheyaredoingonthephoneorlookingforinsearch.
Appconnector(PN)~Ahiddenutilityorappthatworksinthebackgroundtoconnect
Windowsfeaturestoa3rdpartyservice.
appcontainer(n)~AruntimeenvironmentforWindowsStoreappsthat’sdesignedto
minimizeappimpactonthecomputerbyplacingruntimerestrictionsonwhatappscando.
appContextMenu(n)~Thesystemuserinterfaceprovidedforcut,copy,andpaste.
appcontract(n)~Acontractbetweenapps.AppcontractsincludeApptoapppicking,
Playto,Print,Search,Send,Setting,Sharing(SharesourceandSharetarget).
AppControllerLibrary(n)~Asinglelogicalrepresentationofalllibraryobjectsfrom
registeredcloudsfromVMMandMicrosoftAzure.
appcustomaction(n)~Atypeofcustomactionthatisaddedtoahostsitebyanappfor
SharePointandthatlinkstomorefunctionalitythatiscontainedbytheapp.
appdatastorage(n)~Anisolateddatastorespecifictoaparticularapplicationanduser.
AppDefaultConfigresource(n)~ACommerceServerresourcewithsite-level
properties,managedthroughCommerceServerManager.UseAppDefaultConfigtoset
propertiesthatdeterminesitefunctionalityinareassuchascurrencyoptions,billing
options,andBizTalkServerintegration.
appdescription(n)~AProductDescriptionPagethatprovidesacompositeviewofall
thedetailsthataconsumerneedstodetermineiftheywanttobuyaparticularapp.This
pagetypicallyincludesthetitle,publishername,languagesupport,devicesupport,price
point,screenshots,ratings,andreviews.
appforWindows8(PN)~AnappthattargetsWindows8.ItcouldbeaWindowsStore
apporadesktopapp.
apphost(n)~ThehostingenvironmentforWindowsStoreappsthatuse
JavaScript/HTML;itplaysaroleinactivation,deactivation,event/SQMlogging,
configuration,security,andotherfunctions.
appID(n)~Anidentificationnumberforasoftwareapplication.
appinstaller(n)~AdevelopertoolthatinstallsWindowsStoreapps.
applauncher(n)~Theiconontheupper-leftcorneroftheOffice365suite.Theiconis
theentrypointtoallOffice365servicesforwhichtheuserhasavalidsubscription,andto
theAdmincenter(onlyiftheuserisanadmin).
Applist(PN)~Analphabeticallistofappsonthephone,accessedfromtheStartmenu;
notlabeledintheUI.
applisting(n)~Thedescriptiondataofasingleappthatisrenderedfordisplayinthe
consumersideofthestore.Itconsistsofseveralpagesofinfothatprovideacomposite
viewofallthedetailsaconsumerneedstodetermineiftheywanttobuytheapp.Anapp
listingtypicallyincludestheapp’sname,thepublisher’sname,languagesupport,device
support,pricetier,screenshots,ageratingandcustomerreviews.Theweb-basedversion
ofthisiscalledanapplistingpage.
applocalizer(n)~Adevelopertoolthatisusedtocreatelocalizableresourcesforanapp.
appmanifest(n)~AnXMLfilethatspecifiesthecharacteristicsofanapplication.This
includesmetadatafortheapplication,dependenciesonotherpackages,andcapabilities
requiredbytheapp.
AppModel(PN)~AmodelthatdefinescharacteristicsofWindowsStoreapps.
AppMonitor(n)~Adashboardwhereadminscantracktheoverallhealthoftheappsina
sitecollectionortenancy.
appname(n)~Thenameofaproductinthestorethatappearstocustomers.Totheend
user,thisisthenameoftheproduct.
apppackage(n)~Afilethatcontainstheappmanifest,executablefiles,textandimage
resourcefiles,andotherfilesthatmakeuptheappforasingleplatform.
AppPackageDeploymentClientDLL(PN)~ADLLthatdeploys.appxpackages.
apppackagesigning(n)~TheprocessofaddingasecuredigitalAuthenticodesignature
toanapppackagebeforeitisavailableintheWindowsStore.Thedigitalsignatureshows
whosignedthepackage,thatthesignerisrecognizedbytheclientasatrustedsource,and
thatthecontentofthepackagewasnotchangedafteritwassigned.
AppPackageSysprep(PN)~Autilitythatpreparestheoperatingsystemforan
installationofanapppackage.
apppackager(n)~Adevelopertooltobuildappxpackages.
apppart(n)~AcomponentofanappforSharePointthatcanbeembeddedonasitepage
toexposethefunctionalityoftheapp.
apppreview(n)~AplaceholderontheStartscreenthatrepresentsanappnotyetinstalled
onthePC.
appproceeds(n)~ReceiptsaftertheWindowsStorefeehasbeensubtracted.
appproceedssincelastpayment(n)~ReceiptsaftertheWindowsStorefeehasbeen
subtracted.
appproceedstodate(n)~ReceiptsaftertheWindowsStorefeehasbeensubtracted.
AppServiceLogicApps(n)~AfeatureofAppServicethatautomatestheaccessanduse
ofdataacrosscloudswithoutwritingcode.
AppServiceMobileApps(n)~AfeatureofAppServicethatallowsdeveloperstocreate
mobileappsthatengageemployees,partners,andcustomersonanydeviceatanytime.
AppServiceWebApps(n)~AfeatureofAppServicethatallowsdeveloperstocreate
anddeploybusiness-scalablemission-criticalwebapps.
AppServices(PN)~ThefamilyofapplicationservicesinMicrosoftAzuretoallowusers
tobrandanddistributetheirapplications.
appstep(n)~Aworkflowstepwhoseactionscanreadfromandwritetoallitemsina
site.
AppSummary(PN)~Collecteddataaboutanapp,suchasanalyticsofdownload,usage,
in-applicationtransaction,customerratingsprovidedbytheWindowsStoredeveloper
portal.Thistypeofinformationhelpsdevelopersclearlyunderstandhowtheirapplications
aredoingintheWindowsmarket.
appswitch(n)~AfeatureofInternetExplorer10thatallowsuserstoeasilyswitch
betweenwebsitesandtheircorrespondingapps.
AppSwitcher(PN)~Afeaturethatdisplaystherecentlyusedappsthatcanbeaccessed
bypressingandholdingtheBackhardwarebutton.
appswitching(n)~Thefunctionalitythatallowsuserstoswitchbacktorecentlyused
apps.
apptile(n)~AtileontheStartscreen,asdefinedinitsmanifest.Anappcanonlyhave
oneapptile,butitcanhavemultiplesecondarytiles.
apptitle(n)~Thenameadeveloperprovidesfortheirapplication.
AppUpdate(PN)~AWindowsStoreservicethatenablesenduserstoupdateappsoneat
atimeorallatthesametimeforallappspurchasedthroughtheWindowsStore.
appweb(n)~AsubwebsitetowhichtheSharePointcomponentsofanapparedeployed
whentheappisinstalledonahostweb.
APPC(oth)~AnIBMSystemsNetworkArchitecturecommunicationsmethodthatuses
theLU6.2protocoltoestablish,manage,andterminatenetworkcommunicationbetween
programsinadistributedcomputingenvironment.
AppCompatdatabase(n)~Adatabasethatcontainsalistofapplicationsthatmayhave
potentialcompatibilityproblemsandremedies.Whenanapplicationstarts,Windows
checksthisdatabasetoconfiguresystemoptionstominimizecompatibilityproblems.
AppDomain(n)~Aboundarythatthecommonlanguageruntimeestablishesaround
objectscreatedwithinthesameapplicationscope(thatis,anywherealongthesequenceof
objectactivationsbeginningwiththeapplicationentrypoint).Applicationdomainshelp
isolateobjectscreatedinoneapplicationfromthosecreatedinotherapplicationssothat
run-timebehaviorispredictable.Multipleapplicationdomainscanexistinasingle
process.
appealing(adj)~Compellingand/orattractiveinappearance.
AppearAway(PN)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthatcanbeselectedwhile
signedintomakeitappeartootherusersthatheorsheiscurrentlyaway.
AppearOffline(PN)~Theitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthattheusercanselect
whilesignedintomakeitappeartootherusersthatheorsheiscurrentlyoffline.
Appearoffline(PN)~Thestatusmenuitemthatmakesitappeartotheuser’scontacts
thatheorsheiscurrentlyoffline.
append(v)~Toplaceorinsertasanattachmentbyaddingdatatotheendofafileor
databaseorextendingacharacterstring.
Append(n)~AnaccessrightavailableinMicrosoftDynamicsCRMthatenablesusersto
attachanentityinstancetotheselectedentityinstance.
appendquery(n)~Anactionquerythataddstherecordsinaquery’sresultsettotheend
ofanexistingtable.
appender(n)~Intheloggingframework,thepartofloggerconfigurationfilescontaining
parametersthatcontroltheloggingofeachloggertotracelogssentautomaticallyto
ApplicationInsightsandexploreandsearchonthem.
AppFabric1.1forWindowsServer(PN)~The1.1versionofWindowsServer
AppFabricwhichcontains:read-throughandwrite-behindprovidersupport,graceful
shutdown,domainaccountsupport,newASP.NETsessionstateandoutputcaching
providers,compression,andmultiplecacheclientapplicationconfigurationsections.
Apple~TheAppleCorporationmakestheonlysuccessfulmass-marketpersonal
computerwhichdoesn’tuseMicrosoftWindows,theMac,andthephenomenally
successful-iPhone-(smartphone),iPod-(musicplayer)and-iPad-(tablet).
AppleQuickTime(n)~SoftwarecomponentsdevelopedbyAppleforcreating,editing,
publishing,andviewingmultimediacontent.QuickTime,whichsupportsvideo,
animation,graphics,3-D,VR(virtualreality),MIDI,music,sound,andtext,hasbeenpart
oftheMacOSsinceversion7oftheoperatingsystemandisusedinmanyMacintosh
applications.WindowsapplicationscanalsorunQuickTimefilesbutrequirethe
installationofspecialplayersoftware.QuickTimeisoftenusedontheWebtoprovide
Webpageswithvideoandanimation.MostWebbrowserssupportplug-insforrunning
thesetypesoffiles.QuickTimeisalsopartofthenewMPEG-4specification.
AppleShareFileServer(n)~Aremotefilingsystemprotocolthatprovidesastandard
meansforaworkstationonanAppleTalknetworktoaccessandmanipulatefilesonan
AFP-implementedserver.
applet(n)~AsmallpieceofcodethatcanbetransportedovertheInternetandexecuted
ontherecipient’smachine.Thetermisespeciallyusedtorefertosuchprogramsasthey
areembeddedinlineasobjectsinHTMLdocumentsontheWorldWideWeb.
Applet~Asmallprogramusedtocarryoutaparticulartask,usuallyonawebpage.
AppleTalk(n)~TheAppleComputernetworkarchitectureandnetworkprotocols.A
networkthathasMacintoshclientsandacomputerrunningWindows2000Serveror
WindowsNTServerwithServicesforMacintoshfunctionsasanAppleTalknetwork.
AppleTalkProtocolsuite(n)~ThesetofnetworkprotocolsonwhichAppleTalknetwork
architectureisbased.TheAppleTalkProtocolisinstalledwithServicesforMacintoshto
helpusersaccessresourcesonanetwork.
applicabilityrule(n)~Aruleusedbyanupdateagenttodeterminewhethertheupdateis
neededbyagivencomputer.
Applicableto(PN)~Afieldonthecross-campaignrulespagewhereapersoncanspecify
whattheruleappliesto.ThechoicesareContacts’and‘Emailaddress.”
applicant(n)~Apersonwhomakesaformalwrittenorelectronicrequesttoworkforor
fillanopenpositioninanorganization.
application(n)~Asetofinstructionsthatacomputerordeviceusestoperformaspecific
task,suchaswordprocessing,accounting,ordatamanagement.
application(n)~ACommerceServerapplicationisalogicalrepresentationofan
applicationinMicrosoftInternetInformationServices(IIS);itappearsinbothCommerce
ServerManagerandtheIISconsoletrees.IntheIISconsoletreeanapplicationiseitherat
therootdirectoryleveloftheWebsiteoratasubdirectoryleveloftheWebsite.
application(n)~Thecontainerforyourcompany’sPerformancePointPlanningbusiness
modeldefinitions,predefinedanduser-defineddimensions,themappingsthatconnect
thesebusinessmodeldefinitionswithyourcompany’sdatasource,andother
PerformancePointPlanningmetadatalikeviews,permissions,andprocessscheduling
information.
application(n)~AcollectionofWeb-basedlists,libraries,calendars,andotherpagesyou
usetoshareinformationandmanageanareaofyourbusiness,suchasyourprojects,
documents,andcompanyinformation.
application(n)~AWebapplicationthatconsistsofagroupoftightlyrelatedcomponents
suchasASP.NETWebpages,WCFWebservices,andworkflowsthatrunina.NET
applicationdomain.Anapplicationisaunitofdeployment,configuration,and
management.
application(n)~Adocumentthatrecordstheprofileoftheapplicant.
applicationadapter(n)~Anadaptercreatedtoworkwithaspecificapplicationor
protocol.
ApplicationAdministrator(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstoadministrative
userssothattheycanperformboththeApplicationDeploymentManagerroleandthe
ApplicationAuthorrole.
ApplicationAdvisor(n)~Awebconsolethatisusedtoprovideenvironment-wideand
application-specificreports.
ApplicationAgent(n)~Anagentthatmonitorscheckpointsforpotentialthreatsmaking
changestoyourinstalledapplications,suchasmodifyingInternetExploreror
downloadingActiveXapplicationsfromtheInternet.
applicationapproval(n)~Anadditionalactionthatisrequiredafteranenduserrequests
anapplicationandbeforetheapplicationbecomesavailablefordeployment.
ApplicationAssembliesGallery(PN)~Thesitecollectionlevelgallerycontainingthe
binaryassembliesthatareusedbycodemethodbusinessdataactions,orExternalData
Parts.
ApplicationAuthor(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstoadministrativeusersso
thattheycancreate,modify,andretireapplications.
applicationbase(n)~Thedirectorywherethe.exefilethatloadsintotheinitialordefault
applicationdomainislocated.Ifyoucreateyourownapplicationdomain,theapplication
baseisthelocationyouspecifyintheAppDomainSetupclass.
applicationbasket(n)~Alistofapplicationsreviewedbyhumanresourcepersonnel.
applicationcalendar(n)~Atimeperiodconceptthatmatchesthepracticesthatareused
inyourcompany.
ApplicationCatalogwebservicepoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemrole
thatprovidesapplicationinformationfromtheSoftwareLibrarytotheApplication
Catalogwebsite.
ApplicationCatalogwebsitepoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemrolethat
providesuserswithalistofavailablesoftwarefromtheApplicationCatalog
ApplicationCenter(PN)~AMicrosoftdeploymentandmanagementtoolforhigh
availabilityWebapplicationsbuiltontheMicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystem.
applicationcompatibility(n)~Theconceptofensuringthatolderapplicationsstillrun
correctlyunderneweroperatingsystems.
applicationcompatibilitydatabase(n)~Adatabasethatcontainsalistofapplications
thatmayhavepotentialcompatibilityproblemsandremedies.Whenanapplicationstarts,
Windowschecksthisdatabasetoconfiguresystemoptionstominimizecompatibility
problems.
ApplicationCompatibilityManager(PN)~Theuserinterfacethatenablesyoutoview
reportsbasedontheUpdateCompatibilityEvaluator(UCE)andsecurityinformation
generatedfromtheACTdatabase.Thisisalsowhereyoucreatethedatacollection
packagesusedtodeployUCE.
ApplicationCompatibilityToolkit(n)~Asuiteoftoolsthatenablessoftwaredevelopers,
independentsoftwarevendors(ISVs),andenterpriseITprofessionalstodetermine
whethertheirapplicationsarecompatiblewithanewversionofWindowsbeforerollingit
outtothecompany.ACTalsoenablessuchindividualstodeterminehowWindows
securityupdatesmayimpacttheirapplications.
ApplicationCompatibilityToolkitDataCollector(PN)~Acomponentofthe
ApplicationCompatibilityToolkitthatinstallsthecompatibilityevaluators,maintainsthe
compatibilityevaluatorscheduling,collectsyourdatathroughthecompatibility
evaluators,anduploadstheissuedatatoboththeMicrosoftCompatibilityExchangeand
yourACTdatabase.
ApplicationConfigurationAttachmode(n)~Amodethatrestoresconfigurationdata
storedintheadministrationdatabase.
applicationconfigurationfile(n)~AnXML-basedfileinaMicrosoft.NET
-application-that-isusedforstoringapplicationconfigurationsettings.Thisfileis
namedapp.configinaMicrosoftC#project.
applicationdata(n)~Thesettingsanddatausedbyaparticularapplication.
applicationdatabase(n)~Thedatabasethatstoresuserandsystemdataforone
application.Theapplicationdatabasecontainstheevents,subscriptions,andnotifications
fortheapplication.Italsocontainssystemmetadata,includingtheschemasfortheevents,
subscriptions,andnotificationsfortheapplication;andthematchrulesfortheapplication.
applicationdefinition(n)~Adesign-timedescriptionofan‘atomic’deployable
applicationlayersystemthatoffersand/orconsumesservices.
applicationdefinition(n)~AfilethatdescribesadatabaseorWebserviceandincludes
connectionsettings,authenticationmode,definitionsofavailableentities,andother
information.
applicationdefinitionfile(n)~AnXMLfilethatfullydescribesasingleNotification
Servicesapplication.TheADFfilecontainstheschemasfortheevents,subscriptions,and
notifications;therulesformatchingeventswithsubscriptions;andmayprovidethename
oftheXSLTfileusedtoformatgeneratednotifications.
ApplicationDeliveryNetwork(PN)~AresourceoftheContentDeliveryNetwork
serviceasasuiteoftechnologiesdeployedtogethertoprovideapplicationavailability,
security,visibility,andacceleration.
ApplicationDeploymentManager(PN)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionsto
administrativeuserssothattheycandeployandmonitorapplications.
ApplicationDesigner(n)~OneoftheDistributedSystemDesignersthatcompriseTeam
Architect.TheApplicationDesignerisusedtodesignindividualapplicationsthat
compriseanapplicationsystem.
applicationdevelopmentlanguage(n)~Acomputerlanguagedesignedforcreating
applications.Thetermisusuallyrestrictedtorefertolanguageswithspecifichigh-level
constructsgearedtowardrecorddesign,formlayout,databaseretrievalandupdate,and
similartasks.
ApplicationDiagnostics(n)~Afeatureformonitoringtheperformanceofcodeand
providingthemonitoringinformationbacktoauserinaconsumableformat.
ApplicationDiagnosticsnavigationpane(n)~Theresizablenavigationpaneonwhich
youcanaccessthefilteringandreportingcapabilitiesofApplicationDiagnostics.
ApplicationDiagnosticspreviewpane(n)~ThepanethatdisplaystheEventProperties
taboftheEventdialogbox.
ApplicationDiagnosticstoolbararea(n)~Theareawherethetoolbaroptionsprovideall
ofthetoolsthatyourequiretocontrolthequantityandtypeofinformationtodisplayin
ApplicationDiagnostics.
ApplicationDiagnosticsviewpane(n)~Theviewpanethatprovidesalistofselected
events.
applicationdiagram(n)~Thediagramusedtovisualize,define,connect,andconfigure
applicationsinthesolution.Theapplicationdiagram(.ad)filecontainsinformationbased
ontheSystemDefinitionModel(SDM).
applicationdirectory(n)~Thedirectoryonanindexserveroraqueryserverwhereall
filesarestoredforthepurposeofcreatingafull-textindexcatalogorperformingqueries
onafull-textindexcatalog.
applicationdisplay(n)~Thescreen(theSurfacescreenoranattachedexternalmonitor)
whereusermodewillappearwhenyouarecalibratingtheunit.
applicationdomain(n)~Aboundarythatthecommonlanguageruntimeestablishes
aroundobjectscreatedwithinthesameapplicationscope(thatis,anywherealongthe
sequenceofobjectactivationsbeginningwiththeapplicationentrypoint).Application
domainshelpisolateobjectscreatedinoneapplicationfromthosecreatedinother
applicationssothatrun-timebehaviorispredictable.Multipleapplicationdomainscan
existinasingleprocess.
applicationdomainhost(n)~Ahostonwhichtheapplicationdomainislocated.
applicationendpoint(n)~Anendpointatwhichanapplicationprovidesorusesaservice
andisofproviderorconsumertype,respectively.
ApplicationErrorMonitoring(PN)~ASystemCenterEssentialsthatprovidesagentless
monitoringofapplicationexceptionsonclients.Managedcomputerscangenerateand
sendanerrorreportupondetectionofapplicationserrors.
ApplicationErrorReporting(n)~Atoolthatcompilesadetailedreportintheeventthat
anOfficeprogramcrashesandeitherdirectstheusertoapotentialsolution(forknown
problems)ortransmitsthereporttoMicrosoftforinvestigation(withuserpermission).
ApplicationEventLog(n)~Arecordofactivitieswithanapplication.
applicationexclusion(n)~Afeaturethatenablesthelicenseissuertospecifythe
applicationIDofthoseplayersonwhichtodisallowtheuseofthepackagedfiles.
applicationexclusivetime(n)~Thetimespentinfunctiontokernelmodeand
PerformanceToolsprobes,excludingtimespentinitemsitcallsandexcludingtimespent
intransitions.
applicationextensionservices(n)~InSilverlight,classesthatextendtheapplication
modelbyprovidingservicesthatcanparticipateintheapplicationlifecycle.
applicationfile(n)~Adiskfilethatcontainstheexecutableportionsofacomputer
program.Dependingonitssizeandprogramgeneratorprogrammingcomplexity,an
applicationorotherprogram,suchasanoperatingsystem,canbestoredinseveral
differentfiles,eachcontainingtheinstructionsnecessaryforsomepartoftheprogram’s
overallfunctioning.
applicationflow(n)~Amapordiagramthatoutlinestheflowofanapplicationfromone
screenorpieceofUItothenext.
ApplicationFlowpanel(n)~Apanelthatdisplaystheapplicationflowofaprototype
project.
applicationframework(n)~AgroupofC++classesintheMicrosoftFoundationClass
LibrarythatprovidestheessentialcomponentsofanapplicationforWindows.The
applicationframeworkdefinestheskeleton,orframework,ofanapplicationandsupplies
standarduser-interfaceimplementationsthatcanbeplacedontotheskeleton.
ApplicationFrameworksresources(n)~Asetofprograms,WindowsPowerShell
cmdlets,andscriptsthatenableuserstoinstallvirtualapplicationsandWebapplications
duringthedeploymentofaservice.
ApplicationGatewayHours(n)~AunitofmeasureforthetimeusedoftheBasic
ApplicationGatewayservicetypeoftheNetworkingserviceinAzure.
applicationicon(n)~Asmallstaticimageorgraphicthatrepresentsanapplication.
applicationidentity(n)~Theaccountthatisusedtoruntheapplication.
ApplicationImpactTelemetry(PN)~Asub-featureofApplicationTelemetrywhose
goalistogatherinformationonhowapplicationsusefeaturesexposedbytheoperating
system(COMobjects,registry,DLLs,DLLexports,etc.).Thisdataisusedtobetter
understandhowachangetoorremovalofaWindowsfeaturemayimpactapplicationsand
overallapplicationcompatibilitygoals.Italsohelpsunderstandhowfeaturesareused,and
allowsMicrosofttousethatinformationinplanningnewfeatures,allocatingtesting
resources,etc.
ApplicationImpactTelemetryAgent(PN)~ThescheduledtaskpartofApplication
ImpactTelemetry(AIT)thatrunsnightlytoconsumetheeventsloggedtoEventTracing
forWindows(ETW)bytheAITRuntimesystemandsendthembacktoMicrosoftusing
SQM.
applicationinclusivetime(n)~Thetimespentinfunctionanditemsitcalls,excluding
timespentintransitionstokernelmodeandPerformanceToolsprobes.
ApplicationInformationService(n)~Asystemservicethatfacilitatesstarting
applicationsthatrequireoneormoreelevatedprivilegestorun,suchasAdministrative
Tasks.Whenuserrequireselevatedprivilegestorunanapplicationandgivesconsent,AIS
createsanewprocessfortheapplicationwiththeuser’sfullaccesstoken.
ApplicationInitialization(PN)~AnIISfeaturethatenableswebadministratorsto
configureIIStoinitializewebapplications,sotheapplicationisreadyforthefirstrequest.
ApplicationInsights(PN)~AVisualStudioAdd-inandaMicrosoftAzureserviceof
telemetrycollectionformonitoringtheavailability,performance,andusageofdeployed
liveapplications,notnecessarilyMicrosoftAzureapplications,anddiagnosingissuesor
exceptionsinwebservicesthroughlogtraces,withoutcoderedeploying.
ApplicationInsightsStatusMonitor(PN)~Aruntimeinstrumentationagenttomonitor
awebapplicationthatisalreadyinstalledandrunningwithoutupdatingthecodeor
redeployingitandgetperformancetelemetryrightaway,orinserttracecode,orusage
analytics.
ApplicationInsightsTelemetry(PN)~AtooltogetinsightsintotheKPIsofon-premises
andWindowsAzureapplications.
ApplicationInsightsToolsforVisualStudio(n)~AVisualStudioAdd-inanda
MicrosoftAzureserviceoftelemetrycollectionformonitoringtheavailability,
performance,andusageofdeployedliveapplications,notnecessarilyMicrosoftAzure
applications,anddiagnosingissuesorexceptionsinwebservicesthroughlogtraces,
withoutcoderedeploying.
applicationinstallationpackage(n)~Thepackagethatincludestheinstaller,Application
CompatibilityToolkitDataCollector(ACT-DC),thecompatibilityevaluators,andthe
configurationfilestobedeployedtoclientcomputers.
ApplicationIntegrationFramework(PN)~Theframeworkthatprovidesacollectionof
features,tools,andinfrastructurethatusesaservicesprogrammingmodeltosupport
applicationintegration.
applicationisolation(n)~Theseparationofapplicationsbyprocessboundariesthat
preventtheapplicationsfromaffectingoneanother.
applicationlayer(n)~LayersevenoftheOSImodel,thelayeratwhichapplications
accessnetworkservices.Thislayerrepresentstheservicesthatdirectlysupport
applications,suchassoftwareforfiletransfer,databaseaccess,ande-mail.
applicationlayer(n)~Asetofapplicationmodelsthattakeprecedenceoverapplication
modelsthatareinlowerapplicationlayers.ThelowestlayerisnamedSYS.
ApplicationLayerEnforcement(n)~AnoperationofWindowsFilteringPlatform
(WFP)whichprovidesenforcementforsecuritypoliciesby,ineachcase,trappingthe
event,determinewhatapplicationinitiatedit,andquerythefilterenginetodetermine
whetherthesocketshouldbeallowedtoproceed.
applicationlibrarycaching(n)~InSilverlight,afeaturethatenablesapplicationstouse
externallibraryassembliesretrievedfromtheserverorfromthelocalbrowsercache.
applicationlicense(n)~Alicensethatauthorizesprotectionoffileandapplication
resourcesonasingleserver.
applicationlog(n)~Arecordofeventsthataregeneratedbytheapplicationsrunningona
system.
applicationmanifest(n)~AnXMLdocumentthatdescribesrequirementsforan
application.Theapplicationmanifestcanbeaseparatefileorembeddedinthe
application’s.exefile.
applicationmap(n)~AmappingbetweenfilenameextensionsandHTTPrequest
handlersthatenablesWebhostingapplicationstodeterminewhichhandlerrespondsto
requestsforspecifictypesoffiles.
applicationmediapool(n)~Amediapoolcreatedbyapplications.Applicationmedia
poolsdeterminewhichmediacanbeaccessedbywhichapplicationsandsetthepolicies
forthatmedia.TherecanbeanynumberofapplicationmediapoolsinaMediaService
system.
applicationmigration(n)~Themovementofthestructureandmetadataofanapplication
fromonesystemtoanother.
applicationmode(n)~ThemodeofaSurfaceunitwhenanapplicationisrunning.Only
oneapplicationappearsonaSurfacescreenatatime.Theapplicationdisplaysonthe
entirescreen.
applicationmodel(n)~Withinasingleapplicationlayer,amodelthatincludesaspecific
setofdeveloperelementssuchasclasses,tables,andforms.
applicationname(n)~Theuniqueandfriendlynamethatreferstoanapplication.
applicationnotification(n)~Anotificationthatstartsanapplicationataspecifiedtimeor
whenasystemeventoccurs.Whenanapplicationstartsastheresultofanotification,the
systemspecifiesacommand-lineparameterthatidentifiestheeventthathasoccurred.
ApplicationObjectTree(n)~Anavigableviewoftheelementobjectsinanapplication
model.
applicationofflining(adj)~TheactofdownloadingBCSSolutionsfromaSharePoint
sitetoOutlook.
applicationpackage(n)~Apackagefile,containingtheapplicationfilesandtheservice
modelfiles,usedtoruntheapplicationasacloudservice.
ApplicationPageRequest(PN)~Theoptionthatspecifieseventstriggeredbytheservice
applicationwhenlocatingaserver-forloadingaPowerPivotdatasourceand
communicatingwithotherserversinthefarm.
applicationpane(n)~Adiscreteareaofasplitorsinglewindowinwhichanapplication
userinterfaceisrendered.
ApplicationPerformanceMonitoringagent(n)~Anagentthatresidesonamonitored
systemandgathersexceptionandperformanceinformationfromamonitoredapplication
andreportsittotheAPMservice.
ApplicationPlanningandDesignGuide(PN)~Asupplementaldocumenttothecore
applicationquestionnairethatisintendedtoprovideabroadoverviewof
PerformancePointServer.
applicationpool(n)~AgroupingofoneormoreURLsservedbyaworkerprocess.
applicationpoolidentity(n)~Theuseraccountthattheworkerprocessesservicingthe
applicationpooluseastheirprocessidentity.Processidentityisthetermthatisusedto
denotetheaccountthataprocessrunsunder.
ApplicationPreload(PN)~AnIISextensionthatenablestheprocessofautomatically
startinganapplicationwithoutarequestsothatinitialwarm-uptimefortheapplicationis
minimized.
applicationpreview(n)~Theimage,videoorslideshowforanapplicationthatappears
inLauncherwhentheapplicationisselectedandappearsatthecenteroftheLauncher
menu.WhentheapplicationisnotselectedinLauncher,theapplicationiconisdisplayed.
applicationprofile(n)~AVirtualMachineManagerlibraryresourcethatcontains
instructionsforinstallingMicrosoftServerApp-V,theWebDeploytool,andMicrosoft
SQLServerdata-tierapplicationsandforrunningscriptswhenyoudeployavirtual
machineaspartofaservice.
applicationprogramminginterface(n)~Asetofroutinesthatanapplicationusesto
requestandcarryoutlower-levelservicesperformedbyacomputer’sordevice’s
operatingsystem.Theseroutinesusuallycarryoutmaintenancetaskssuchasmanaging
filesanddisplayinginformation.
applicationprototype(n)~Atemplateofanapplicationdefinitionthatcanbeplacedon
thetoolbox.Maybepre-suppliedorcanbecreatedfromanyapplicationonthe
ApplicationConnectionDiagramanddistributedforusebyotherusers.
applicationprovideragreement(n)~Anagreementthatdescribesthetermsand
conditionsoftherelationshipbetweentheapplicationproviderandtheorganization
offeringaparticularservicewithregardstotheapplication.
applicationprovisioning(n)~TheprocessofsynchronizingasecondaryserverwithWeb
DeployprovidersthatareinstalledontheprimaryserverbyusingtheApplication
Provisioningfeature.TheApplicationProvisioningfeatureusestheMicrosoftWeb
Deployagentservicetoperformsynchronization.
ApplicationRegistryService(PN)~AsharedserviceinSharePointServerthat
duplicatestheOfficeSharePointServerBusinessDataCatalogservice.TheApplication
RegistryServicesupportsrunningsolutionsthatarebasedontheSharePointServer
BusinessDataCatalogservice.
ApplicationRequestRouting(n)~Aproxy-basedroutingandload-balancingmodulefor
IIS7.ThismoduleusesinformationgatheredfromHTTPheadersandservervariablesand
thenleveragestheURLRewritemoduletomakeroutingdecisionsattheapplicationlayer.
applicationrevocation(n)~Aprocessbywhichapplicationsthatareknowntobe
damagedorcorruptedarepreventedfromplayinganypackagedfiles.
applicationrole(n)~ASQLServerrolecreatedtosupportthesecurityneedsofan
application.
applicationroot(n)~Therootdirectoryforanapplication;alldirectoriesandfiles
containedwithintheapplicationrootareconsideredpartoftheapplication.Alsocalledan
applicationstartingpointdirectory.
applicationscope(n)~Awayofmakingdataavailabletoallusersofanapplicationfrom
allpagesofaWebapplication.Avariableoranobjectisgivenapplicationscopeby
storingitintheActiveServerPages(ASP)applicationobject.Applicationscopeisuseful
forglobaldata,suchasaglobalcounter.
Applicationserver(PN)~AcomponentofFrontEndServerthatprovidesaplatformby
whichtodeploy,host,andmanageunifiedcommunicationsapplications.
ApplicationServerrole(n)~Arolethatconsistsoftheservicesthatprovideusersaccess
todataandcontent.TorunMicrosoftDynamicsCRM,youmusthaveatleastone
computerthatisrunningtheApplicationServerrole.
applicationservice(n)~InASP.NET,built-infunctionalityforcommonapplicationtasks.
ASP.NETincludesapplicationservicesforauthentication(ASP.NETmembership),
persistentper-userinformation(profileproperties),andmore.
applicationserviceprovider(n)~Anorganizationthatdeliversacontractualserviceto
deploy,host,manage,andprovideaccesstoanapplicationfromafacilityotherthanthe
customer’ssite.
applicationsession(n)~Theperiodoftimewhenanapplicationisrunning.Whenan
applicationstarts,thesessionstarts.Whenanapplicationquits,thesessionends.
applicationsetting(n)~Asimplekey/valuepairthatletsyoucreateapplication-wide
valuesinacentrallocationthatcanbeaccessedfromanywherewithintheWeb
application.
applicationsharing(n)~Afeaturethatallowsausertosharedocumentsorapplications
withothers.Theusercanalsochoosetogiveanotherpersoncontrolofanapplicationor
theuser’scomputer.
applicationsingle-threadedapartment(n)~Asingle-threadedapartmentthethreadof
whichisthecoreUIthreadforanapplicationwindow.
applicationsourcedataintegration(n)~Theprocessoftakingdatafromadata
warehouseordatamartintoPerformancePointPlanningServerstagingandapplication
databases.
ApplicationSourceRoot(n)~AregistrykeythatallowsanoverrideoftheOSD
CODEBASEfortheHREFelement(forexample,thesourcelocation)foranapplication
toenableanadministratororESDsystemtoensureapplicationloadingisperformed
accordingtotheirtopologymanagementscheme.
applicationstate(n)~InASP.NET,avariablestorethatiscreatedontheserverforthe
currentapplicationandissharedbyallusers.Applicationstateistypicallyusedtostore
informationthatisusedforallusers,suchasapplication-widesettings.
applicationsuite(n)~Asetofapplicationprogramssoldasapackage,usuallyatalower
pricethanthatoftheindividualapplicationssoldseparately.Asuiteforofficework,for
example,mightcontainawordprocessingprogram,aspreadsheet,adatabase
managementprogram,andacommunicationsprogram.
ApplicationSuite(PN)~ThesetofapplicationsfromMicrosoftthatincludesConcierge,
Music,andPhotos.YouinstalledtheseapplicationsbyusingtheApplicationSuiteSetup
wizard.
applicationsystem(n)~Asystemthatdefinesaspecificandreusableconfigurationof
applicationsandothersystemsasmembers.Youcanconfigurethesemembersand
describethecommunicationpathwaysbetweenthem.
ApplicationTelemetry(PN)~Asystemthatisusedtogatherawidevarietyof
informationaboutapplications.Itincludes,butisnotlimitedto,whatshimsareapplied,
whatcompatibilityswitchingcontextisused,ifPCAappliesalayer,anditincludes
ApplicationImpactTelemetry.
applicationtime(n)~Thetotaltimeafterestimatedkerneltimehasbeensubtractedfrom
elapsedtime.
applicationtime(n)~Theclocktimesuppliedbyapplicationswhichmustcommunicate
theirapplicationtimetotheStreamInsightserversothatalltemporaloperatorsrefertothe
timestampoftheeventsandnevertothesystemclockofthehostmachine.
ApplicationVerifier(n)~Agraphicaluserinterface(GUI)toolthataidsITmanagersand
developersintestingapplicationsonMicrosoft-®Windows-®andtheWindowsServer
family.Ithelpsdevelopersidentifypotentialapplicationcompatibility,stability,and
securityissues.
applicationvirtualization(n)~Theprocessofcreatingavirtualapplication.
ApplicationVirtualizationClient(PN)~AnapplicationthatresidesonaTerminal
ServerandwhichcommunicatesandauthenticateswiththeMicrosoftSystemCenter
VirtualApplicationServertoreceivetheapplicationcodeandallowasequenced
applicationtoberunlocally.
ApplicationVirtualizationdrive(n)~Thedefaultvirtualapplicationclientdrive(Q:\)
fromwhichsequencedapplicationsarerun.
ApplicationVirtualizationManagementConsole(PN)~Centralizedsnap-intothe
MicrosoftManagementConsoleandwhichyouusetoadministertheSystemCenter
ApplicationVirtualizationsystem.
ApplicationVirtualizationManagementServer(PN)~OneoftwoApplication
Virtualizationservertypesfromwhichasequencedapplicationpackagecanbestreamed.
Inadditiontostreamingvirtualapplicationpackages,theApplicationVirtualization
ManagementServeroffersotherservicessuchaspublishing,management,reporting,and
soon.
ApplicationVirtualizationManagementService(PN)~Aservicethatactsasan
intermediarybetweentheManagementConsoleandtheDataStore.Firstitauthenticates
itsusers,andthenitallowsauthorizedadministratorstomanipulatedatainthedatastore.
ApplicationVirtualizationreporting(n)~Virtualapplicationinformationgatheredfor
dataanalysis.Dataiscollectedforassemblyofcustomviewsandinterpretation.
ApplicationVirtualizationStreamingServer(PN)~OneoftwoApplication
Virtualizationservertypesfromwhichasequencedapplicationpackagecanbestreamed.
TheStreamingServerstreamsapplicationstotheclientmachinesonlyanddoesnotoffer
otherservicessuchaspublishing,management,reporting,andsoon.
applicationwindow(n)~Awindowthatservesasaninterfacebetweentheuserandthe
application.
ApplicationWizard(n)~TheWizardthathelpsyoudeterminehowtheapplicationis
presentedtousers.Thisstepletsyouspecifyanicon,modifyshortcutsettings,createfile
typeassociations,andruntheapplicationssotheSequencercancollectinformationabout
theapplications.
ApplicationXML(PN)~AnXML-basedserializationformatusedbySharePoint-based
serverstorepresentAccessServicesdatabaseapplications.Itincludesdatabaseproperties,
queries,forms,reports,andmacros.
application-leveladd-in(n)~Asupplementalprogramthatmodifiesoraddsfunctionality
toanexistingprogramorapplication.Themodificationsareavailabletotheapplicationat
alltimes.
applieddecrease(n)~Aninventorydecreasethathasbeenappliedtoaspecificinventory
increase,forthepurposeofexactcostreversing.Thismightbethecase,forexample,with
apurchasereturnthatisappliedtoaspecificpurchasereceipt.
AppLocker(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatallowsITprofessionalstocreaterulesand
policiesgoverningwhichapplicationscanberunbyindividualusersonthePCsinan
enterprise.
apply(v)~Tolinkoneormoretransactionstoanothertransactiontoeithertoreducethe
outstandingbalanceofatransactionortoshowavalidconnectionbetweenthe
transactions.
apply(v)~Toputintooperationortouse.
applybranch(n)~Thesetofoperationsappliedtoaneventgroup.
APPN(oth)~AnupgradetoIBMSystemsNetworkArchitecturethatsupportsdistributed
sessioncontrolservicesanddynamicrouting,avoidingdependenciesoncentralized
mainframenetworkservices.
appointment(n)~Anactivityrepresentedbyatimeintervalthathasastarttime,anend
time,andaduration.
appointment(n)~AcalendaritemintheExchangestore.Appointmentsdonotinclude
otherpeopleorresources.
AppointmentBook(n)~Aviewofserviceactivitiesandschedules.Newactivitiescanbe
createdorexistingactivitiescanbeviewedandupdated.
Appointmentdetails(n)~Thenotesfieldinanappointment,wheretheusercanaddextra
information.
appointmentscheduling(n)~Theprocessofreservingdatesandtimesforthepickupand
deliveryoftruckloadsofgoodsatspecificwarehouselocations.
apportionmentengine(n)~Anenginethatdeterminesandprocessestheapportionment
offreightcharges,eitherbyweightorbyvolume.
ApprenticeBaker(n)~AskilllevelintheComfyCakesgame.Onceyouhavecompleted
aComfyCakesgame,aplayergetsaskilllevelrankassignedautomaticallybythegame
(basedonthescoreyouhitduringthegame).
appropriation(n)~Adistributionofnetincometovariousaccountsorentities.
approval(n)~Aworkflowdecisionpointthatcanbeusedtoobtainauthorizationfroma
personbeforecontinuingintheworkflow.
approvalactivity(n)~Aworkflowdecisionpointthatcanbeusedtoobtainauthorization
fromapersonbeforecontinuingintheworkflow.
ApprovalAssistant(PN)~Areport,accessiblefromtheWebAuthor,thatgeneratesalist
ofallpageswaitingfortheapprovaloftheuserwhoisloggedon.
ApprovalCenter(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesacentralizedlocationformanagersofall
typestoapproveworkandcontrolprogressonalloftheirprojectsplans.Itgivesmanagers
theabilitytopreviewtheimpactofacceptingupdatesfromresourcesaswellasviewtheir
pasthistoryofacceptedupdates.
approvale-mail(n)~Ane-mailthatissenttoidentifiedapproverswhenarequest
requiresanapprovalbeforebeingcommitted.
approvalhistory(n)~Thelogofapprovedchangesmadetoanobject.
approvallimit(n)~Anyamountorotherlimitssetforanapprover.
approvalrequest(n)~ArequestthatissenttoanapproverintheILMServiceaspartof
theprocessingofanapprovalactivity.
approvalresponse(n)~Ane-mailmessagesentfromtheILM2’Outlookadd-ininreply
toanapprovalrequest.’
approvalstatus(n)~Theapprovalstatusforanentry.
approvaltemplate(n)~Atablewithalistoftemplatesthattheusercanselecttosetup
whichdocumentshewantstobeincludedinanapprovalprocess.
approvalthreshold(n)~Thenumberofpositiveapprovalresponsemessagesneededto
permitarequesttocontinueprocessing.
ApprovalType(PN)~TheUIfieldthatspecifiestheroleofadocumentapprover.
approvalssearchfolder(n)~ThesearchfolderthatiscreatedbytheILMAdd-infor
Outlook2007andthatprovidestheuserwithawaytoseependingandcompleted
approvals,andapprovalrequestupdates.
approve(v)~Tomanuallyorautomaticallyauthorizetheoccurrenceoffutureeventsina
system.
approvedvendor(n)~Avendorthatisauthorizedtosupplyproductstooneormorelegal
entities.
approver(n)~Auserwhohaspermissiontoapproveorrejectsubmitteddocumentsor
data.
approximatetaxes(n)~Theestimatedtaxesfromproductionandsupplychainthatapply
toanitemorservice.
Apps(n)~Aunitofmeasureofthe‘PremiumApps’and‘StandardApps’resourcesofthe
‘ApplicationInsights’servicetypeofthe‘VisualStudio’servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’
billingbasedonthenumberofappsdelivered.
AppsCorner(PN)~Afeaturethatallowssmallbusinessandconsumerstolockdownthe
phoneortabletrunningWindowsPhonetoonlyallowtheuseofspecificapps.
AppsforOfficeandSharePointDeveloperCenter(PN)~Awebsitethatprovidestools
andresourcestohelpdeveloperscreateappsforOfficeandSharePoint.
AppsMarketplace(PN)~Theserviceonthephonewhereyoucanpurchaseand
downloadapps.
AppVerifier(n)~Agraphicaluserinterface(GUI)toolthataidsITmanagersand
developersintestingapplicationsonMicrosoft-®Windows-®andtheWindowsServer
family.Ithelpsdevelopersidentifypotentialapplicationcompatibility,stability,and
securityissues.
AQS(n)~Asearchquerysyntaxthathelpsproducemoreprecisesearchresultsbyusing
targetedqueriesthatsearchspecificpropertiesinamessagetype.AQSdefinescertain
keywordswhichcanbeusedtorefinethesearchquery,suchasspecifyingboolean
operationsonsearchedterms(AND,OR,NOT)aswellastospecifyfurtherfiltersbased
onfilemetadataorfiletype.Itcanalsobeusedtolimitresultsfromspecificinformation
storeslikeregularfiles,offlinefilescache,ore-mailstores.
ARAnotification(n)~Areportofpackagingmaterialsusedformanufacturedproducts,
asrequiredbyAustrianregulation.AltstoffRecyclingAustriaAGisanAustrianwaste
managementorganizationthatcollectsandrecyclespackagingmaterial.
arbitrationport(n)~ATCP/IPportusedbythecachehoststodeterminewhetheracache
hostintheclusterhasbecomeunavailable.Theportnumberthatisusedforarbitrationcan
bedifferentoneachcachehost.
architecture(n)~Thedesignofapplicationsoftwareincorporatingprotocolsandthe
meansforexpansionandinterfacingwithotherprograms.
architecture(n)~Thephysicalconstructionordesignofacomputersystemandits
components.
architecture(n)~Thedata-handlingcapacityofamicroprocessor.
Architecture~Thebasicdesignofacomputer’shardware.Computerswithdifferent
architecture,suchasthePCandtheMac,cannotruneachothers’programs.
archive(n)~Acompressedfile.
archive(n)~Informationthathasbeenmovedtoanotherlocationforstorageand
occasionalfutureaccess.
archive(v)~Tocompressafile.
archive(v)~Tomoveselecteditemstoanotherlocationforlongtermstorage.
archive(v)~TocreateacopyofalivesmoothstreamintheSmoothStreaming
presentationformatforlateron-demandviewing.
Archive(PN)~TheOutlookfolderwherearchiveditemsarestored.
archivemailbox(n)~Analternatestoragelocationinwhichtostorehistoricalmessaging
data,accessibleonlinethroughOutlook2010orOutlookWebApp.
archivemailbox(n)~Anadditionalmailboxenabledforamailboxuser.
archivememberheader(n)~Intheportableexecutable(PE)(image)fileformatfor
executablesandobjectfileundertheWindowsfamilyofoperatingsystems,oneormore
linesprintedatthebeginningofthefilethatidentifythefileasaPEformatimagefile.
Archived(PN)~AKnowledgebaseArticleStatus.Articlesinthisstatuscannotbeviewed
ontheSupportPortal.
ArchivingandCDRServer(n)~Aserverthatprovidestheabilitytoarchiveinstant
messagesforspecifiedusersfortwo-partyIMsessionsaswellasIMconferenceswith
morethantwoparties,andaddstheabilitytoarchivecalldetailrecordsforspecifiedusers
forpeer-to-peersessions,conferencesandEnterpriseVoicecalls.
area(n)~AgroupofnetworkswithinanOSPFautonomoussystem.OSPFareasreduce
thesizeofthelinkstatedatabaseandprovidetheabilitytosummarizeroutes.
area(n)~Apartoftheuserinterfacededicatedtoaparticularpurpose,suchasinstant
messagearea.”
area(n)~AnodeontheCommonStructureServicehierarchythatrepresentsafeature
area.
area(n)~Atileinapaneoronapage.
areaborderrouter(n)~Arouterthatisattachedtomultipleareas.Areaborderrouters
maintainseparatetopologicaldatabasesforeacharea.
areachart(n)~Atypeofchartthatdisplaysthetrendofvaluesovertimeorcategories.
Bydisplayingthesumoftheplottedvalues,anareachartalsoshowstherelationshipof
partstoawhole.
areacode(n)~Anumberthatidentifieseachtelephoneserviceareainacountry/region
andisusedasadialingprefix.
ARGB32(PN)~OneofthetwocommonpixelformatssupportedbyDirectX.ARGB32
consistsofuncompressedalpha,red,green,andblue.
argument(n)~Avaluethatafunctionoramethodusestoperformoperationsor
calculations.Thetypeofargumentisspecifictothefunctionormethod.Common
argumentsincludenumbers,text,cellreferences,andnames.
argumentmode(n)~AmodeintheMonadparserinwhicheverythingistreatedasan
expandablestringunlessitstartswith$,@,-€˜,-€œ,or(.
ARIMA(n)~Amethodfordeterminingdependenciesinobservationstakensequentially
intime,thatalsosupportsmultiplicativeseasonality.
arithmeticexpression(n)~Aseriesofelements,includingdatalabelsandconstantsas
wellasnumbers,thatarejoinedbyarithmeticoperators,suchas+and-,andcanbe
calculatedtoproduceavalue.
arithmeticlogicunit(n)~Acomponentofamicroprocessorchipusedforarithmetic,
comparative,andlogicalfunctions.
arithmeticoperator(n)~Anoperatorthatperformsanarithmeticoperation:+,-,x,or/.
Anarithmeticoperatorusuallytakesoneortwoarguments.
arithmeticoverflow(n)~Aconditionthatresultsfromcalculatingacolumnvaluethat
exceedsthecolumn’sspecifiedsize.
ARM(PN)~Agroupofprocessorscommonlyusedforlow-poweredhardware,suchas
tabletsandothermobiledevices.Thesesmall,high-performance32-bitRISC-based
microprocessorsarelicensedtovarioussemiconductormanufacturersbydesignerARM
Limited.
ARMarchitecture(n)~Afamilyofinstructionsetarchitecturesforcomputerprocessors
basedonareducedinstructionsetcomputing(RISC)architecturedevelopedbyBritish
companyARMHoldings.
ARMCrossTools(n)~Asetofprogramstodevelopapplicationsthatcanberunor
operatedonARMdevices.
ARMkitspolicy(n)~AsetofrulesthatenablesdeveloperstousevariousMicrosofttools
andkitsonARMdevices,andatthesametime,preservestheintegrityofARMdevices
thatshipwithaproductionpolicy.
armored(adj)~Pertainingtoadefensemechanismusedinsomemalicioussoftwarecode,
intendedtocomplicateorpreventanalysisofthecodewithreverseengineeringorcode
disassemblymethods.
ARP(n)~InTCP/IP,aprotocolthatusesbroadcasttrafficonthelocalnetworktoresolve
alogicallyassignedInternetProtocolversion4(IPv4)addresstoitsphysicalhardwareor
mediaaccesscontrol(MAClayeraddress.Inasynchronoustransfermode(ATM),ARPis
usedtwodifferentways.ForclassicalIPv4overATM(CLIP),ARPisusedtoresolve
addressestoATMhardwareaddreses.ForATMLANemulation(LANE),ARPisusedto
resolveEthernet/802.3orTokenRingaddressestoATMhardwareaddresses.
ARPcache(n)~AtableofInternetProtocolversion4(IPv4)addressesandtheir
correspondingmediaaccesscontrol(MAC)address.ThereisaseparateARPcachefor
eachinterface.
ARR(n)~Aproxy-basedroutingandload-balancingmoduleforIIS7.Thismoduleuses
informationgatheredfromHTTPheadersandservervariablesandthenleveragestheURL
Rewritemoduletomakeroutingdecisionsattheapplicationlayer.
arrangement(n)~Apredefinedcombinationofgroupedandsortedmessagesintable
view.
arrangement(n)~Acustom-createdlayoutofphotosinanalbum.
Arrangementview(n)~AWindowsviewthatprovideseasyresultsorganizationbydate,
type,author,tagorfolder(ArrangebyFolder’
array(n)~Inprogramming,alistofdatavalues,allofthesametype,anyelementof
whichcanbereferencedbyanexpressionconsistingofthearraynamefollowedbyan
indexingexpression.Arraysarepartofthefundamentalsofdatastructures,which,inturn,
areamajorfundamentalofcomputerprogramming.
arraybounds(n)~Specificationsofthemaximumandminimumsizeofanarray.
arrayconstant(n)~Asetofconstantsthatisacomponentofanarrayformula.
arrayformula(n)~Aformulathatperformsmultiplecalculationsononeormoresetsof
values,andthenreturnseitherasingleresultormultipleresults.
arrayinitializer(n)~Asequenceofvariableinitializersthatareassignedtothearray
elementsinthesamestatementinwhichthearrayisdeclared.
arraynetwork(n)~Aservernetworkdefinedatthearraylevel.
arrayserver(n)~Aservercomputerthat’samemberofaserverarray.
arrayvariable(n)~Avariablethatcancontainaseriesofvalues.
Arrived(adj)~Ascheduled’serviceactivitystatusthatdenotesthecustomerhasarrived
atthelocationoftheserviceactivity
arrowkey(n)~Anyoffourkeyslabeledwitharrowspointingup,down,left,andright,
usedtomovethecursorverticallyorhorizontallyonthedisplayscreenor,insome
programs,toextendthehighlight.
ArrowRibbon(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshoweitherrelatedor
contrastingconceptswithsomeconnection,suchasopposingforces.Thefirsttwolinesof
Level1textareusedfortextinthearrows.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremains
availableifyouswitchlayouts.
artboard(n)~Thedesignsurfaceusedtolayoutthevisualelementsofyourdocument.
ArtemisTiP(n)~Atypeofsubscriptionpurchasedbycustomersmeanttobeusedasa
productiontestofferbyMicrosoft’spartners.
article(n)~Amessagethatappearsinanewsgroup,publicfolder,orotherforum,suchas
FacebookorTwitter,accessiblebyanumberofindividuals.
article(n)~Acomponentinapublication.Forexample,atable,acolumn,orarow.
article(n)~Atext-basedpieceofcontentintheknowledgebase.
Article(n)~AsingleinstanceofcontentthatisdisplayedintheKnowledgebasesectionof
yourSupportPortal.
articulation(n)~Aseriesofadjustmentsappliedbyasynthesizertothepitch,volume,
andotherparametersofaninstrumentsoundtomakeitmorerealistic.
artifact(n)~AcomponentofaBizTalkapplicationorproject.Examplesare
orchestrations,pipelines,messageschemas,securitycertificates,businessrulepolicies,
andbindings.
artifact(n)~AsoftwareconstructthatisavailableincommontoAzureservicesand
resources
artifacttype(n)~Atypeofdatathatatoolexposespubliclysothatothertoolscanrefer
toit.Eachartifactmusthaveanartifacttype.Eachartifactmustbeidentifiedbyaunique
andimmutableartifactidentifier.
artist(n)~Aperformerofasongorotheraudiorecording.
artisticeffect(n)~Aneffectthatausercanapplytoanimagetoachieveaspecificartistic
look.
AS(n)~Agroupofroutersornetworkscontrolledbyasingleadministrativeauthority
usingacommonInteriorGatewayProtocol(IGP)forroutingpackets.Eachautonomous
systemisassignedagloballyuniquenumbercalledanautonomous-systemnumber
(ASN).
ASboundaryrouter(n)~Arouterthatexchangesroutinginformationwithroutersthat
belongtootherautonomoussystems.TheASBRthenadvertisesexternalroutes
throughouttheautonomoussystem.ASBRscanbeinternalorareaborderrouters,and
theymightormightnotbeconnectedtothebackbone.
ASBR(oth)~Arouterthatexchangesroutinginformationwithroutersthatbelongtoother
autonomoussystems.TheASBRthenadvertisesexternalroutesthroughoutthe
autonomoussystem.ASBRscanbeinternalorareaborderrouters,andtheymightor
mightnotbeconnectedtothebackbone.
as-builtsoftware(n)~Adeliverable,consistingofsoftwarecomponents,thatistheresult
ofcompiling(building)therawcodefilesfromadiscretesetofsourceversions.
ascendingorder(n)~Thearrangementofasequenceofitemsfromlowesttohighest,
suchasfrom1to10orfromAtoZ.Therulesfordeterminingascendingorderina
particularapplicationcanbeverycomplicated:capitallettersbeforelowercaseletters,
extendedASCIIcharactersinASCIIorder,andsoon.
ASCII(n)~Astandardsingle-bytecharacterencodingschemeusedfortext-baseddata.
ASCIIusesdesignated7-bitor8-bitnumbercombinationstorepresenteither128or256
possiblecharacters.StandardASCIIuses7bitstorepresentalluppercaseandlowercase
letters,thenumbers0through9,punctuationmarks,andspecialcontrolcharactersusedin
U.S.English.Mostcurrentx86-basedsystemssupporttheuseofextended(orhigh’)
ASCII.ExtendedASCIIallowstheeighthbitofeachcharactertoidentifyanadditional
128specialsymbolcharacters
ASCIIapostrophe(n)~The‘character(user-typedtext).
ASCIIcharacterset(n)~Astandard7-bitcodeforrepresentingASCIIcharactersusing
binaryvalues;codevaluesrangefrom0to127.MostPC-basedsystemsusean8-bit
extendedASCIIcode,withanextra128charactersusedtorepresentspecialsymbols,
foreign-languagecharacters,andgraphicsymbols.
ASCIIfile(n)~AdocumentfileinASCIIformat,containingcharacters,spaces,
punctuation,carriagereturns,andsometimestabsandanend-of-filemarker,butno
formattinginformation.
ASF(n)~Alow-overheaddataformatformultimediastreams.Itencapsulatesimages,
audio,AVI,andsoforth,aswellasURLs,andallowsforthesynchronizationofthese
objectswithinthestream.WindowsMediaTechnologiescanstreamASFformatted
contentandcanstoreASFstreamsas.asffiles.
AsiaPacific(PN)~TheAsiaPacificgeowithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
AskCortana(PN)~?Afeaturethatletscustomerslearnaboutunfamiliartermsonthe
webbyaskingCortana.
AskforRemoteAssistance…(oth)~AnitemontheActionsmenuthatinvitessomeone
tohelptheuser.UsinganInternetconnection,theusercangivepermissiontoanyone
runningWindowsXPtochat,viewtheuser’sscreen,andworkontheuser’scomputer.
ASM(PN)~Anadd-onmoduleforAntigen,usedtominimizethenumberofspame-mail
messagesthatentertheExchangeenvironments.
ASMXfile(n)~AfilethatrepresentstheaddressableentrypointforXMLWebservices
createdwithmanagedcode.WebserviceconsumersutilizethefunctionalityofaWeb
servicebyaccessingitsASMXfile.
ASN(n)~Abusinessdocumentthatdocumentsthenotificationoftheshipmentof
product.
ASP(n)~Anorganizationthatdeliversacontractualservicetodeploy,host,manage,and
provideaccesstoanapplicationfromafacilityotherthanthecustomer’ssite.
ASP(n)~AWeb-orientedtechnologydevelopedbyMicrosoftthatisdesignedtoenable
server-sidescripting.
ASPbuffering(n)~AfunctionalityofActiveServerPages(ASP)thattemporarilystores
alloutputthatisgeneratedbyascriptuntilscriptexecutioniscompleteandthensendsthe
outputtoaclient.
ASP.NET(PN)~AsetoftechnologiesintheMicrosoft.NETFrameworkforbuilding
WebapplicationsandXMLWebservices.ASP.NETpagesexecuteontheserverand
generatemarkup(suchasHTML,WML,orXML)thatissenttoadesktopormobile
browser.ASP.NETpagesuseacompiled,event-drivenprogrammingmodelthatimproves
performanceandenablestheseparationofapplicationlogicanduserinterface.ASP.NET
pagesandXMLWebservicesfilescreatedusingASP.NETcontainserver-side(ratherthan
client-side)logicwritteninVisualBasic.NET,C#.NET,orany.NET-compatible
language.WebapplicationsandXMLWebservicestakeadvantageofthefeaturesofthe
commonlanguageruntime,suchastypesafety,inheritance,languageinteroperability,
versioning,andintegratedsecurity.
ASP.NETapplicationservicesdatabase(n)~InASP.NET,adatabasethatstoresthedata
forseveralASP.NETapplicationservices,includingmembership,WebParts
personalization,roles,andprofiles.ThedatabasecanbealocaldatabaseintheWebsite’s
App_DatafolderoraSQLServerorotherdatabase,dependingonhowthesiteis
configured.
ASP.NETcontrols(n)~ComponentsthatrunonanASP.NET-compatibleserverand
encapsulateuser-interfaceandotherrelatedfunctionality.TheyareusedinASP.NET
pagesandinASP.NETcodeclasses.
ASP.NETDevelopmentServer(PN)~ThewebserverthatshipswithVisualStudio.
ASP.NETMasterPage(n)~AnASP.NET-basedtemplatingfeatureavailablein
ASP.NET2.0andlater.
ASP.NETmobilecontrol(n)~OneofasetofASP.NETcontrolsdesignedformobile
Webapplications.ASP.NETmobilecontrolsextendtheirASP.NETservercontrol
counterparts.
ASP.NETmobileWebForms(n)~AnextensiontotheASP.NETWebFormsframework
thattargetsmobiledevicesfromcellphonestoPocketPCs.
ASP.NETpage(n)~AcomponentofanASP.NETapplication.
ASP.NETservercontrol(n)~Aserver-sidecomponentthatencapsulatesuser-interface
andrelatedfunctionality.AnASP.NETservercontrolderivesdirectlyorindirectlyfrom
theSystem.Web.UI.Controlclass.ThesupersetofASP.NETservercontrolsincludesWeb
servercontrols,HTMLservercontrols,andASP.NETmobilecontrols.Thepagesyntax
foranASP.NETservercontrolincludesarunat=server’attributeonthecontrol’stag.’
ASP.NETUniversalProviders(PN)~Apackageofunifieddata-providerclassesthat
supportsession,membership,roles,andprofilepropertiesinallversionsofSQLServer
2005andlater,includingSQLServerCompactEditionandSQLAzure.
ASP.NETWebAPI(PN)~Aframeworkthatletsdevelopersusethe.NETFrameworkto
buildHTTPservices(forexample,RESTfulapplications)thatreachabroadrangeof
clients,includingbrowsersandmobiledevices.
ASP.NETWebapplication(n)~AnapplicationthatprocessesHTTPrequests(Web
requests)andexecutesontopASP.NET.AnASP.NETWebapplicationcaninclude
ASP.NETpages,XMLWebservices,HTTPhandlers,andHTTPmodules.
ASP.NETWebPages(PN)~AframeworkfordevelopingdynamicWebpagesthatis
basedonMicrosoftASP.NETtechnology,inwhichcodethatrunsontheserver
dynamicallygeneratesWebpageoutputtothebrowserorclientdevice.
aspect(n)~Awaytogroupeventsintoincidentgroups.Aspectsinclude:application
failures,connectivity,performance,andsecurityfailures.
aspect(n)~Thewidth-to-heightratioofavideoorstillimage,orofthescreenonwhich
animageisdisplayed.
aspectratio(n)~Thewidth-to-heightratioofavideoorstillimage,orofthescreenon
whichanimageisdisplayed.
aspectvalue(n)~Thex-heightofafontdividedbythefontsize.Theaspectvalue
indicatestherelativelegibilityofafontforagivenfontsize.Ahigheraspectratio
indicatesthatafontismorelegible.
ASPM(n)~Apower-savingmodewhichreservespowerbyensuringefficientexecution
ofcomputingtasksandbyreducingthenumberofcomponentsrunningunnecessarily
whennotactuallyinuse.
ASPX(n)~ThestandardfileformatusedforASPpageswrittenwithASP.NET.
ASR(n)~Technologythatallowsmachinestorecognizeandrespondtohumanvoice
commands.
ASR(n)~Afeaturethathelpsyourecoverasystemthatwillnotstart.
assemble(v)~Toputtogetherforsaleoruseanitemcomposedofcomponentparts.
assembler(n)~Apipelinecomponentthatcombinesindividualdocumentsintoabatch.
AssemblerpipelinecomponentsprovidedinBizTalkServerareFlatfileassembler,
BizTalkFrameworkAssembler,andXMLAssemblerpipelinecomponents.
assembler(n)~Aprogramthatconvertsassemblylanguageprograms,whichare
understandablebyhumans,intoexecutablemachinelanguage.
assembly(n)~Acollectionofoneormorefilesthatareversionedanddeployedasaunit.
assembly(n)~Theactofputtinganitemtogether.
assembly(n)~Amanagedapplicationmodulecontainingclassmetadataandmanaged
codeasanobjectinSQLServer,againstwhichCLRfunctions,storedprocedures,
triggers,user-definedaggregates,anduser-definedtypescanbecreatedinSQLServer.
assemblycache(n)~Amachine-widecodecacheusedforside-by-sidestorageof
assemblies.Therearetwopartstothecache:theglobalassemblycachecontains
assembliesthatareexplicitlyinstalledtobesharedamongmanyapplicationsonthe
computer;thedownloadcachestorescodedownloadedfromInternetorintranetsites,
isolatedtotheapplicationthattriggeredthedownloadsothatcodedownloadedonbehalf
ofoneapplication/pagedoesnotimpactotherapplications.
assemblyfile(n)~Afilethatispartonanassembly.
assemblyitem(n)~Agroupofinventoriableitemstobesoldasanewitem.
assemblylist(n)~Acontentofakititemthatmayconsistofoneormorecomponents
(thatarerawmaterials,regularsellableitems,orkititems),resources,andtextcomments.
assemblymanagement(n)~Afeaturetomanagethecreationofsellableitemsfromother
sellableitemsusingnonproductionresources.
assemblymanifest(n)~Anintegralpartofeveryassemblythatrenderstheassemblyself-
describing.Theassemblymanifestcontainstheassembly’smetadata.Themanifest
establishestheassemblyidentity,specifiesthefilesthatmakeuptheassembly
implementation,specifiesthetypesandresourcesthatmakeuptheassembly,itemizesthe
compile-timedependenciesonotherassemblies,andspecifiesthesetofpermissions
requiredfortheassemblytorunproperly.Thisinformationisusedatruntimetoresolve
references,enforceversionbindingpolicy,andvalidatetheintegrityofloadedassemblies.
Theself-describingnatureofassembliesalsohelpsmakeszero-impactinstallandXCOPY
deploymentfeasible.
assemblymetadata(n)~Metadatathatispartoftheassemblymanifest.
assemblyorder(n)~Asupplyorderthatrepresentsarequesttofulfilldemandforan
assemblyitembypickingitemsontheassemblyBOMormodifiedontheorderand
assemblingthem.
assembly-qualifiedname(n)~Thenameofatypethatincludesthenameoftheassembly
fromwhichthetypewasloaded.
assembly-qualifiedtypename(n)~Thenameofatypethatincludesthenameofthe
assemblyfromwhichthetypewasloaded.
assertstatement(n)~ABooleanstatementusedinaprogramtotestaconditionthat,if
theprogramisoperatingcorrectly,shouldalwaysevaluateastrue;otherwisetheprogram
willtypicallyterminatewithanappropriateerrormessage.Assertionsareusedfor
debuggingprogramsandfordocumentinghowaprogramshouldoperate.
assertionfailure(n)~Theinabilityofaconditiontoholdtrueatsomeparticularpointina
program.Whenaconditiondoesnotholdtrue,executionoftheprogramisinterrupted,
andadialogboxormessagemayappear.
assertionstatement(n)~ABooleanstatementusedinaprogramtotestaconditionthat,
iftheprogramisoperatingcorrectly,shouldalwaysevaluateastrue;otherwisethe
programwilltypicallyterminatewithanappropriateerrormessage.Assertionsareused
fordebuggingprogramsandfordocumentinghowaprogramshouldoperate.
assess(v)~ToevaluateaWindowscomputerbyusingtheWindowsAssessmentToolkit
thatisincludedintheWindowsAssessmentandDeploymentKit(ADK).
assessment(n)~Collectionofbinaries,scripts,configurationparameters,andmanifest
filesusedtoperformmeasurementsonacomputerorWindowsimageandtoreport
results.
assessmentmanifest(n)~TheXMLfilethatdescribesthecontentandfunctionofan
assessmentforusewiththeAssessmentPlatform.
AssessmentPlatform(PN)~Aplatformthatdeveloperscanusetowriteandmanage
systemandcomponenttests.AssessmentPlatformprovidesaunifiedtestingexperience
andstandardizedinfrastructuretodiscover,manage,configure,andexecutetargetedtests;
view,analyze,andremediateresults;anddevelopadditionaltests.
assessmentsetting(n)~Asettingthattheusercaneditinajob,butthattheassessment
manifestdoesnotretaininitsparameters.
AssessmentToolkit(PN)~Atoolkitthathelpsyoudeterminethequalityofarunning
operatingsystemorasetofcomponentswithregardtoperformance,reliabilityand
functionality.Thetoolkitincludesseveralassessmentsandprovidesthetoolsneededto
runassessmentsonalocalcomputeroronmultiplecomputers,andreviewtheresultsof
theassessmentstodiagnoseproblemsanddeterminehowtomakeimprovements.
asset(n)~Anythingownedorcontrolledbyabusiness,tangibleorintangible,thathas
monetaryvalueandwasacquiredatameasurablecost.
asset(n)~Theabstractorconcreteresourcesthatasystemmustprotectfrommisusebyan
adversary.
asset(n)~Anentitythatcanbeaddedtoyourproject,suchasanimagefile,soundfile,
moviefile,markupfile,codefile,fontfile,3Dobject,control,styleresource,template
resource,brushresource,andsoon.
asset(n)~Anaccountingclassifierusedtoclassifythevalueofeconomicresourcesthat
areownedbyaparty.
asset(n)~Aunitofmediaprogramming,suchasatelevisionprogram,amovie,ora
digitalmusictrack,thataredeliveredtoasubscriberinexchangeforon-demandfeesor
subscriptionfees.Assetsareusuallyfilesthatarestoredonamediaserver.
Asset(n)~AspecificinstanceofaProductthatistrackedbyauniqueidentification
number(SerialNumber).
asset(n)~Anentitycontainsdigitalfiles(includingvideo,audio,images,thumbnail
collections,texttracksandclosedcaptionfiles)andthemetadataaboutthesefiles.
assetbook(n)~Accountingrecords(ledgersorjournals)foraspecificreportingpurpose,
suchasfinancialortaxes.
assetgroup(n)~Acollectionofassetsthatshareoneormorespecificcharacteristics.
AssetIntelligence(PN)~AConfigurationManagerfeaturethatallowsadministratorsto
inventoryandmanagesoftwarelicenseusagethroughouttheirenterprise.
AssetIntelligencecatalog(n)~AConfigurationManagercatalogthatcontains
categorizationandidentificationinformationforsoftwaretitlesandversions,whichis
usedtoclassifyinventoriedsoftware.
AssetIntelligenceKnowledgeBase(PN)~ApartoftheAssetIntelligencefeaturethatis
usedtoproducenewreportsthatidentifyandcategorizedeployedhardwareandsoftware
assets.
AssetIntelligencesynchronizationpoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemrole
thatconnectstoSystemCenterOnlinetodownloadAssetIntelligencecataloginformation
anduploaduncategorizedtitlessothattheycanbeconsideredforfutureinclusioninthe
catalog.
AssetInventoryService(PN)~AWeb-basedservicethatcollectsanddisplays
informationaboutanenterprise’sdesktopsoftwareenvironment.AIScollectsinformation
aboutprogramsinstalledoncomputersintheenterprisethathavetheAISclientsoftware
installed.AISispartoftheMicrosoftDesktopOptimizationPack(MDOP)forSoftware
Assurance.
AssetLibrary(PN)~Alibrarythatprovidecontenttypeswithcommonproperties,and
enhancedviewstofindandpreviewrichmedia,alsocalleddigitalassets.
assetlibrary(n)~Alibrarythatprovidecontenttypeswithcommonproperties,and
enhancedviewstofindandpreviewrichmedia,alsocalleddigitalassets.
AssetManager(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstoadministrativeuserssothat
theycanmanagetheAssetIntelligencesynchronizationpoint,AssetIntelligencereporting
classes,softwareinventory,hardwareinventory,andmeteringrules.
assign(v)~Tofixorspecifyincorrespondenceorrelationship.
assign(v)~Tospecifytheownerofarecord,suchasanaccountorcase,oranactivity,
suchasane-mailmessageorphonecall.Userscanassigncasesandactivitiestoeithera
useroraqueue.
assign(v)~Totieaconfigurationobjecttoaresource;forexample,onewouldassign
customsettingtoacollection,assignaconfigurationbaselinetoacollection,orassigna
clienttoasite.
assign(v)~Todesignateanobjectforaparticularuseorpurpose.
Assigned(adj)~Anassignmenttypemeaningthattheuserorgrouphasbeengranted
accessatthenodeintheresourcehierarchythattheuserislookingat(suchasata
particularwebsiteorresourcegroup).
assignedaccess(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsasystemadministratortomanagetheuser’s
experiencebylimitingapplicationentrypointsexposedtotheuserofthedevice.
AssignedAt(adj)~Thenodeintheresourcehierarchywhereaccesswasgranted.
assignedconfiguration(n)~Theresourcescontainedinthedevicenodethatareallocated
forthedevice.ForPlugandPlaycards,theassignedresourcesforadevicecanchange
dynamicallyorfromonesystemstart-uptothenext.
assignedmanagementpoint(n)~Thedefaultmanagementpointattheassignedprimary
sitefortheConfigurationManagerclient.
assignedprogram(n)~Aprogramthathasbeenadvertisedtoacollectionandis
mandatorytorun.
assignedsite(n)~AsitetowhichaConfigurationManagerclientiscurrentlyassigned.
assignedtask(n)~Ataskthathasbeensenttosomeoneasataskrequestinane-mail
message.Whenyouassignatask,yougiveupownershipofit(unlesstheassignee
declinesit).Theassignercanreceivestatusreportsforthetask.
AssignedTo(adj)~Theprincipal(userorgroup)towhomaccesshasbeenassigned.
assigneduser(n)~Auser,whocaninherittheaccesspermissionsofacertainrole,after
performingallnecessarilyauthNZactivities.
assignment(n)~Aprocess-relatedtaskthatisdelegatedtoaparticularuser.
assignment(n)~Aunitofworkthatastudentisexpectedtocomplete.
assignment(n)~Adesignationthatformsanassociationamongobjects.
assignmentaction(n)~AnactionthatausercanperformonanassignmentintheAdd-in
forExcel,suchasSubmitDraft,SubmitFinal,orApprove.
assignmentdelay(n)~Theamountoftimebetweenthescheduledstartofataskandthe
timethattheassignedresourceistostartworkingonthetask.
assignmentowner(n)~Anenterpriseresourcewhoisresponsibleforenteringprogress
informationinProjectWebAccess.Thispersoncanbedifferentthanthepersoninitially
assignedtothetask.
assignmentpane(n)~InPerformancePointAdd-inforExcel,thepanethatisusedto
openassignments,viewassignmentdetails,andaccessprocessschedulingactionssuchas
saveandsubmit.
assignmentstatement(n)~Aprogramminglanguagestatementusedtoassignavalueto
avariable.Itusuallyconsistsofthreeelements:anexpressiontobeassigned,an
assignmentoperator(typicallyasymbolsuchas=or:=),andadestinationvariable.On
executionoftheassignmentstatement,theexpressionisevaluatedandtheresultingvalue
isstoredinthespecifieddestination.
assignmentunits(n)~Thepercentageofaworkresource’stime,orunits,thatthe
resourceisassignedtoatask.
assignmentview(n)~Aviewthatshowstheresourcesassignedtoeachtaskaswellasthe
totalandtimephasedworkandcostinformationforeachassignment.Thetwoassignment
viewsaretheTaskUsageandResourceUsageviews.
Assignments(PN)~AWebPartthatdisplaysalistofrelevantassignments.Foreducators,
thelistincludesactiveassignmentsforwhichgradeshavenotyetbeenposted.For
students,thelistincludesupcomingassignmentsandtheirduedates.
Assistantobject(n)~TheAssistantisthesharedMicrosoftOfficeAssistantobject.Itisa
fullyprogrammableobject.
assistantshape(n)~Inanorganizationchart,ashapethatisplacedbelowandconnected
toanyothershapewithanelbowconnector.Thisshapeisplacedaboveanyadditional
subordinateshapesfortheparticularsuperiorshapeitisattachedto.
assistedservice(n)~Aserviceforwhichanemployeerequiresassistancefromanother
person,suchasacallcenter.
assistivetechnology(n)~Technologythatprovidesenhancementstoothertechnologyso
thatpeoplewithdisabilitiescanuseit.
AssistiveTechnologyProgram(n)~Aservicethatprovidesrecommendationsfor
technologythatcanhelppeoplewithdisabilities.
associate(v)~Tolinkadocument,file,task,orlinkwithaToDo.
associate(v)~Toconnectpeerobjects.
Associateadifferentdocument(v)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertoreplacethe
documentcurrentlyattachedtotheToDowithanotherdocumentthathasalreadybeen
saved.
AssociateadifferentWebsitelink(v)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertoreplacethe
WeblinkattachedtotheToDowithadifferentweblink.
AssociateadifferentWorkstask(v)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertochangethe
documentassociatedwiththeactiveToDobyselectingadifferentWorkstemplateto
serveasthebasisforanewassociateditem.
Associateadocument(v)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertoassociateanexisting
documentwithaProjectToDo.
AssociateaWeblink(oth)~AnoptionthatallowstheusertoassociateaWebsitelink
withaProjectToDo.
AssociateaWorkstask(v)~AnoptionthatallowstheusertoassociateaWorkstask
withaProjectToDo.
AssociateChildCases(PN)~Anoptiononthecommandbarwhereyoucanselectcases,
andthenspecifywhichcasewillbetheparentcasetotheothercasesyouselected.
associateenterprise(n)~Anenterprisethatisdirectlyorindirectlyinvolvedinthe
managementorcontrolofanotherenterprise.
AssociatetoContact(oth)~Inaconference,thiscommandassociatesaparticipantor
phonenumberwithacontactontheuser’scontactlist.
associateditem(n)~Adocument,file,task,orlinkthathasbeenassociatedwithaToDo.
associatedPivotTablereport(n)~ThePivotTablereportthatsuppliesthesourcedatato
thePivotChartreport.ItiscreatedautomaticallywhenyoucreateanewPivotChartreport.
Whenyouchangethelayoutofeitherreport,theotheralsochanges.
associatedview(n)~Theviewofanentitythatisdisplayedintheformsofotherentities.
association(n)~Themappingofafileextension(forexample,.mp3)orprotocol(for
example,http)toaprogrammaticidentifier(ProgID).Thismappingisstoredinthe
registryasaper-usersettingwithaper-computerfallback.Applicationsthatparticipatein
theDefaultProgramssystemsettheassociationmappingforthefileextensionorprotocol
topointtotheProgIDkeysthattheyown.
association(n)~InPerformancePointPlanningBusinessModeler,therelationship
betweenasourcemodelandadestinationmodelforthepurposeofmanipulatingthe
arrangementofinterpretivedataandaggregatingthecorrespondingnumerical
measurements.
association(n)~Thedefinitionofarelationshipbetweenentitytypes.
association(n)~Thelinkbetweenacollectionandadeployment.
association(n)~Arelationshipbetweenpeerobjects.
associationarray(n)~Anorderedlistofregistrylocationsusedtostoreinformation
aboutanitemtype,includinghandlers,verbs,andotherattributesliketheiconanddisplay
nameofthetype.
associationclass(n)~Aclassthatdescribesarelationshipbetweentwoclassesor
betweeninstancesoftwoclasses.Thepropertiesofanassociationclassincludepointers,
orreferences,tothetwoclassesorinstances.
associationend(n)~Theendofabinaryorotherassociationwhereitconnectstoaclass.
Byassociatingpropertieswithanassociationend,youcanindicatetheroleordirection.
AssociationFrançaisedeNormalisation(n)~TheFrenchsubsidiaryofthe
InternationalStandardsOrganization(ISO).
AssociationFrançaisedeNormalisationcertification(n)~Acertificationthat
accountingsoftwareislegallycompliantwithFrenchlegislationforelectronicaccounting.
associationline(n)~Alineleadingfromafieldorpropertytoashapethatrepresentsthat
fieldorproperty’stype.
associationset(n)~Alogicalcontainerforinstancesofassociationsofthesametype.
AssociationRole(n)~Atypeofcollaborationrolethatdescribestherelationshipbetween
twoClassifierRoles.Itisrepresentedbyapathbetweentwoclassroleelementsandcan
includetheunderlinednameofthecorrespondingassociation.
associativearray(n)~Adatastructurethatcarriesoutamathematicalcalculationona
fieldidentifiertodeterminewhereadataelementinalargetableorindexislocated.
associativearray(n)~Anarraycomposedofacollectionofkeysandacollectionof
values,whereeachkeyisassociatedwithonevalue.Thekeysandvaluescanbeofany
type.
assumption(n)~Baselinedatathatapplythroughoutabusinessortoafinancialmodel.
AssuredForwarding(PN)~Aclassforthedeliveryofvideomediastreams.
ASTA(n)~Asingle-threadedapartmentthethreadofwhichisthecoreUIthreadforan
applicationwindow.
asterisk(n)~The*character.Indicatesmultiplicationinprogramminglanguagesandalso
servesasawildcardcharacterrepresentingoneormorecharacters.
ASTERISK(n)~The*character.Indicatesmultiplicationinprogramminglanguagesand
alsoservesasawildcardcharacterrepresentingoneormorecharacters.
ASX(n)~Aformatthatiscommonlyusedtodeliverdigitalmediatoclients(Windows
MediaPlayerandSilverlight).
asymmetricalgorithm(n)~Anasymmetriccipherthatusestwokeys,oneforencryption,
thepublickey,andtheotherfordecryption,theprivatekey.Asimpliedbythekeynames,
thepublickeyusedtoencodeplaintextcanbemadeavailabletoanyone.However,the
privatekeymustremainsecret.Onlytheprivatekeycandecrypttheciphertext.The
publickeyalgorithmusedinthisprocessisslow(ontheorderof1,000timesslowerthan
symmetricalgorithms),andistypicallyusedtoencryptsessionkeysordigitallysigna
message.
asymmetricencryption(n)~Amethodofencryptionthatusesapairofmathematically
relatedkeys:apublickeyandacorrespondingprivatekey.Eitherkeycanbeusedto
encryptdata,butthecorrespondingkeymustbeusedtodecryptit.
asymmetrickeyalgorithm(n)~Amethodofencryptionthatusesapairof
mathematicallyrelatedkeys:apublickeyandacorrespondingprivatekey.Eitherkeycan
beusedtoencryptdata,butthecorrespondingkeymustbeusedtodecryptit.
asynchronous(adj)~Pertainingto,being,orcharacteristicofsomethingthatisnot
dependentontiming.Eachapplicationorcommandrunsinthespecifiedorder,butthe
specifieditemdoesnotwaitforanypreviouslystartedprocessestofinishbeforean
applicationorcommandruns.
asynchronousagent(n)~Ataskthatfollowstheactorpatternandusesanasynchronous
messagequeuetocommunicatewithothersimilartasks.Agentsletyoutakeadvantageof
coarse-grainedtaskparallelisminyourapplications.
asynchronouscall(n)~Amethodcallthatreturnstothecallerimmediatelyregardlessof
whetherprocessinghascompleted.Theresultsofprocessingarereturnedthroughanother
callonanotherthread.Asynchronousmethodsfreethecallerfromhavingtowaituntil
processinghasfinished.
asynchronouscommunication(n)~Aformofdatatransmissioninwhichinformationis
sentandreceivedatirregularintervals,onecharacteratatime.Becausedataisreceivedat
irregularintervals,thereceivingmodemmustbesignaledtoletitknowwhenthedatabits
ofacharacterbeginandend.Thisisdonebymeansofstartandstopbits.
asynchronouscommunicationlayer(n)~ThelayerofAJAXfunctionalitythattakescare
ofcommunicationbetweenthebrowserandtheserver.
asynchronousdataexchange(n)~Astyleofprocessingwhereanapplicationpostsa
requestforaneventtooccurandthencontinueswithoutwaitingfortheevent.Aseparate
servicewillrecognizetherequestandtakeresponsibilityforensuringthattheevent
occurs.
asynchronousdevice(n)~Adevicewhoseinternaloperationsarenotsynchronizedwith
thetimingofanyotherpartofthesystem.
asynchronousevent(n)~Aneventwhosehandlerrunsinadifferentprocessingthread
fromtheactionthatraisedtheevent.Theeventhandlerandtheactionareprocessed
simultaneously.
AsynchronousJavaScriptAndXML(PN)~Asetoftechnologiesconsistingofaclient-
sidescriptframework,servercontrols,andmore.
asynchronousmethodcall(n)~Amethodcallthatreturnstothecallerimmediately
regardlessofwhetherprocessinghascompleted.Theresultsofprocessingarereturned
throughanothercallonanotherthread.Asynchronousmethodsfreethecallerfromhaving
towaituntilprocessinghasfinished.
asynchronousoperation(n)~Aprocesswhoseexecutioncanproceedindependentlyor
inthebackground.Otherprocessesmaybestartedbeforetheasynchronousprocesshas
finished.
asynchronouspattern(n)~Acoretechnologyinthe.NETFrameworkwhichprovidesan
efficientmodeltomanageasynchronousoperationsandaconsistentprogrammingmodel.
asynchronouspostback(n)~InASP.NET,theprocessofsendingWebpagedata(plus
viewstateandothernecessarymetadata)fromthebrowsertotheserverwithoutacomplete
postbackandwithoutblockingtheuserfromcontinuingtoworkinthepage.
AsynchronouspostbacksareanimportantfeatureofAJAXtechnology.
asynchronousprocedurecall(n)~Afunctioncallthatexecutesseparatelyfroman
executingprogramwhenasetofenablingconditionsexist.Aftertheconditionshavebeen
met,theoperatingsystem’skernelissuesasoftwareinterruptanddirectstheexecuting
programtoexecutethecall.
asynchronoustransfermode(n)~Ahigh-speed,connection-oriented,virtualcircuit-
basedpacketswitchingprotocolusedtotransportmanydifferenttypesofnetworktraffic.
ATMpackagesdatain53-byte,fixed-lengthcellsthatcanbeswitchedquicklybetween
logicalconnectionsonanetwork.
AtLeastNMatches(oth)~AmenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchforanypatternA
thatisrepresentinpatternBatleastntimes.Patternscouldbestrings,characters,etc.
AtMostNMatches(oth)~AmenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchforanypatternA
thatisrepresentinpatternBatmostntimes.Patternscouldbestrings,characters,etc.
atsign(n)~TheseparatorbetweenaccountnamesanddomainnamesinInternete-mail
addresses.
Athlon(PN)~Familyofx86-compatibleprocessorsintroducedbyAdvancedMicro
Devices,Inc.(AMD)in1999.Athlon,whichwascode-namedAMD-K7,isasuccessorto
theAMD-K6family.Comparabletoupper-endIntelPentiumIIIprocessorsin
performance,Athlonisdistinguishedbyover22milliontransistors;afullypipelined,
superscalarfloating-pointengine,whichenhancesperformanceofgraphicsand
multimediaprograms,Internetstreamingapplications,andgames;a200-MHzsystembus;
anda128-KBL1cache.AlthoughtheL2cacheis512KBinsize,theAthloncansupport
L2cachesizesupto8MB.ThefirstAthlonreleasesfeaturedclockspeedsof500to650
MHz;800-MHzandfasterversionsarenowavailable.Athlon,whichruns32-bit
programs,iscompatiblewithmostPCoperatingsystems,includingMicrosoftWindows,
Linux,OS/2Warp,andNetWare.
ATL(n)~Asetofcompact,template-basedC++classesthatsimplifytheprogrammingof
ComponentObjectModelobjects.ATLprovidesthemechanismtouseandcreateCOM
objects.
ATLPipelineComponentWizard(n)~AVisualC++wizardthatusesATLand
additionaltemplatestofacilitatethedevelopmentofpipelinecomponents.
ATLserver(n)~AserverthathousesanActiveTemplateLibrary.
ATM(n)~Ahigh-speed,connection-oriented,virtualcircuit-basedpacketswitching
protocolusedtotransportmanydifferenttypesofnetworktraffic.ATMpackagesdatain
53-byte,fixed-lengthcellsthatcanbeswitchedquicklybetweenlogicalconnectionsona
network.
ATM(n)~Aspecial-purposeterminalthatbankcustomerscanusetomakedeposits,
obtaincash,andperformothertransactions.
ATMadaptationlayer(n)~Thelayeroftheasynchronoustransfermode(ATM)protocol
stackthatparsesdataintothepayloadportionoftheATMcellfortransportacrossan
ATMnetwork.
Atom(PN)~AWebcontentandmetadatasyndicationformatbasedonXMLthat
describesfeeds.
atom(n)~A16-bitintegerthatprovidesaccesstoastringthathasbeenplacedinanatom
tablebyanapplication.
atomfeed(n)~AnXMLstructurethatcontainsmetadataaboutcontent,suchasthe
languageversionandthedatewhenthecontentwaslastmodified,andissentto
subscribersbyusingtheAtomPublishingProtocol(AtomPub).
atomname(n)~Astringthathasbeenplacedinanatomtable.
atomtable(n)~Asystem-definedtablethatstoresstringsandcorrespondingidentifiers.
atomic(adj)~Pertainingtoanoperationwhereallthetransactiondatamodificationsmust
beperformed;eitherallofthetransactiondatamodificationsareperformedornoneare
performed.
atomic(adj)~Pertainingtoathreadingormultiprocessingoperationthatisperformedina
single,uninterruptablestep.Operationsthatareatomicdonotrequireathreading
synchronizationdevicesuchasacriticalsection,mutex,orsemaphore.
atomicorchestration(n)~Ashort-livedtransactionthatenforcesthecommitandrollback
semanticsofanACID(Atomicity,Consistency,IsolationandDurability)transaction
similartoaCOM+applicationthatusestheDTCservice.
atomicity(n)~Afeatureofatransactionthatindicatesthateitherallactionsofthe
transactionhappenornonehappens.
atomicity,consistency,isolation,durability(n)~Thefouressentialpropertiesofan
electronictransaction.Atomicityrequiresthatatransactionbefullycompletedorelse
fullycanceled.Consistencyrequiresthatresourcesusedaretransformedfromone
consistentstatetoanother.Isolationrequiresalltransactionstobeindependentofeach
other.Durabilityrequiresthatthecompletedtransactionbepermanent,includingsurvival
throughsystemfailure.
ATP(adj)~Theportionofinventorythatisnotallocatedandwhichcanbeusedtofulfill
newordersandrequirements.
ATRstring(n)~Asequenceofbytesreturnedfromasmartcardwhenitisturnedon.
Thesebytesareusedtoidentifythecardtothesystem.
attach(v)~Toincludeanexternaldocument,afile,oranexecutableprogramwithane-
mailmessage.
attach(v)~Toexposeavirtualdisktotheuser,backedbyafile.
attached(adj)~Pertainingtobeingphysicallyconnectedtoasystem.Adevicecanbe
installedwithoutbeingattached.
attacheddocument(n)~AnASCIItextfileorabinaryfile,suchasadocumentcreated
inawordprocessingsystem,thatisincludedwithane-mailmessageasanattachment.
attachedevent(n)~AroutedeventthatcanbeattachedtoanyContentElementor
UIElementtypeandthatisnotlimitedtothetypewhichdefinesit.
attachedproperty(n)~ApropertythatisdefinedbyXAML.Anattachedpropertycanbe
setonanyobject,notjustonthetypethatdefinesthepropertyoritsaccessors.The
attachedpropertyprovidermustprovidestaticGet(PropertyName)and
Set(PropertyName)methodsasaccessorsfortheseattachedproperties.
attachment(n)~Anexternalfileincludedwithane-mailmessage.
Attachment(n)~Adatatypethatwillprovidesupportforstoringbinaryfileswithinan
Accessdatabase.MoresimilartotheSharePointconceptofattachmentsthanthecurrent
OLEobjectfieldsinAccess.Thedatawillbestoredasarawblobwithinthedatabase.
Attachment~Afilesentby-email-is‘attached’totheemail.Anattachmentcanbea
picture,adocument,aprogramoranyothertypeoffile.Youshouldneveropenan
attachmentifyouarenotsurewhatitis,becausesome-viruses-propagateasemail
attachments;buttheycan’tinfectyourmachineifyoudon’topentheattachment.
attachmentlink(n)~ATeamFoundationlinkbetweenaworkitemandafileattachment.
AttachmentPreviewer(n)~Anapplicationthatisusedtoopenanattachmentfor
AttachmentPreviewing.
AttachmentPreviewing(n)~AfeaturethatallowsuserstoseeandinteractwithE-mail
messagesandtheirattachmentssidebysideinthereadingpane.
AttachmentReminder(n)~Afeaturethatalertstheuserbeforeanemailmessageissent
ifitdetectsthatanattachmentmayhavebeenomittedfromthemessage.
attachmenttable(n)~ATableobjectwhoserowsrepresenttheAttachmentobjectsthat
areattachedtoaMessageobject.
attendantconsole(n)~Aconsoleforcallhandling.
attendee(n)~Ameetingparticipantwhocannotinitiatedesktoporapplicationsharingor
presenting.Attendeepermissionsarecontrolledbytheorganizerandpresenters.
attendeekey(n)~Ameetingkeythatisusedbyattendeestojoinameeting.
attendeepermissions(n)~Permissionsthatcontrolhowattendeescanparticipateinthe
meetingandthatonlypresenterscanchange.
Attendee/RecipientList(PN)~Aspecialcontrolthatshowspictures,namesandtitlesof
peoplewhoareattendingameeting,orwhoaretherecipientsofane-mailmessage.
Attendeespane(n)~AclientelementthatdisplaysthelistofparticipantsforaLive
Meetingsession.
attention(n)~Textthatalertsausertoanoteorawarning.
attenuation(n)~Theweakeningofatransmittedsignal,suchasthedistortionofadigital
signalorthereductioninamplitudeofanelectricalsignal.Attenuationisusually
measuredindecibelsandissometimesdesirable,aswhensignalstrengthisreduced
electronically,forexample,byaradiovolumecontrol,topreventoverloading.
attenuation(n)~Theweakeningofatransmittedsignal,suchasthereductioninthe
brightnessoflight,asittravelsfartherfromitssource.
attestation(n)~Theprocessofverifyingthatacomputerisreallythecomputeritclaims
tobe,andisrunningthesoftwareitclaimstoberunning.
attestationidentitykey(n)~Thecryptographicrepresentationofthehardwareor
softwarestateandotherintegritymetrics,andwhichcanbeusedtoperformanonymousor
pseudo-anonymousattestationstoremotepartiesinmultipartytransactions.
attorney-clientprivilege(n)~Alegaldoctrinethatisintendedtoprotectthe
confidentialityofcommunicationsbetweenanattorneyandhisorherclient.The
underlyingrationaleisthatbyassuringconfidentialcommunications,lawyersandtheir
clientswillfeelfreetodiscusssensitivelegalmattersthoroughly.
attractapplication(n)~AnapplicationthatappearswhenaSurfaceunitentersAttract
Mode.Anattractapplicationissimilartoascreensaverthatistouch-sensitive.Bydefault,
SurfaceunitsincludetheWaterattractapplication.
AttractMode(PN)~ThemodethataSurfaceunitenterswhentheunitisnotbeingused.
AttractModeisdesignedtoattractuserstotheunit,enticethemtointeractwiththeunit,
andthenaccessLauncherthroughtheaccesspoints.
attribute(n)~Inscreendisplays,anelementofadditionalinformationstoredwitheach
characterinthevideobufferofavideoadapterrunningincharactermode.Suchattributes
controlthebackgroundandforegroundcolorsofthecharacter,underlining,andblinking.
attribute(n)~Acharacteristicofanobject.
attribute(n)~Thenameorstructureofafieldinadatabaseentity.Forexample,the
LASTNAME,FIRSTNAME,andPHONEareattributesofeachrecordinaPhoneList
entity.Thesizeofafieldandthetypeofinformationitcontainsarealsoattributesofa
databaserecord.
attribute(n)~Forfiles,informationthatindicateswhetherafileisread-only,hidden,
readyforarchiving(backingup),compressed,orencrypted,andwhetherthefilecontents
shouldbeindexedforfastfilesearching.
attribute(n)~Asinglecharacteristicoradditionalpieceofinformation(financialornon-
financial)thatexistsinadatabase.
attribute(n)~InmarkuplanguagessuchasSGML,HTML,andXML,aname-valuepair
withinataggedelementthatdescribesdataortheformattingorpropertiesofdata
associatedwiththatelement.
attribute(n)~Adescriptivedeclarationthatcanbeappliedtoprogrammingelementssuch
astypes,fields,methods,andproperties.
attribute(n)~Inacomputingsystem,aninherentcharacteristicofthehardwareand
softwareofaWindowscomputer.Suchcharacteristicscanbeenumerated,butdonotneed
tobemeasured.Examplesarememory(RAM)andstoragesize.
attributecategory(n)~Aclassificationofdimensionvaluesthatisusedtosummarize
transactiondata.
attributeclass(n)~Acontainerobjectthatgroupsrelatedattributeswithinanobjecttype.
attributecollection(n)~Thesumofattributesgatheredduringtheattributediscovery
process.
attributedefinitiontable(n)~Atableofattributenames,numbersanddescriptions.
attributediscovery(n)~Aprocessthroughwhichtheattributes,suchastheoperating
system,ofacomputeraregathered.
AttributeDropper(PN)~Atoolthatletsyoucopythefill,stroke,andeffectattributes
fromoneobjectonthepagetoanother.
attributefield(n)~Afieldinthedatasourcethatcancontaindataandthatisanattribute,
insteadofanelement.Attributefieldscannotcontainotherfields.
attributefilter(n)~Inacolumndefinition,thelistofattributesthatlimitthedatathatis
availableforareport.
attributeflow(n)~Anauthoritativesourceforanattributevaluethatcanflowitsvalueto
otherdestinationdirectoriesandsystems.
Attributeflows(n)~Amappingofanattributeinonedirectorytoanattributeinanother
directorysothatvaluesoftheattributeinthefirstdirectorycanflowtovaluesofthe
attributeintheother.
attributehierarchy(n)~Aflathierarchy(typicallyhavinganAlllevelandamember
level)containingasingleattribute.Itiscreatedfromonecolumninadimensiontable,if
supportedbythecube.
attributeinstance(n)~Anoccurrenceofanattributethatisdefinedintheschema.
attributerelationship(n)~Thehierarchyassociatedwithanattributecontainingasingle
levelbasedonthecorrespondingcolumninadimensiontable.
attributetype(n)~Thetypeofinformationcontainedbyanattribute,suchasquartersor
monthsinatimedimension,whichmayenablespecifictreatmentbytheserverandclient
applications.
attributevalue(n)~Thevalueofanobjectortextfeatureausercanmanipulatebyusing
drawingtoolsandmenucommands.
AUEast(PN)~TheAustraliaEastregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
AUD(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofAustralia.
audience(n)~Acustomgroupusedtotargetcontenttopeoplebasedonmembership
withinthegroup.
audience(n)~FacebookusersotherthantheFacebookpageaccount.Theseareusersthat
interactwithaFacebookpagebycommentingonpoststhataremadebytheFacebook
pageaccount,bycommentingonanotherotheruser’spostonaFacebookpage,and
postingonaFacebookpage.
AudienceActivity(PN)~ThenumberofcommentsandpostsmadebyFacebookuserson
Facebookpages.
audiencecompilation(n)~Theprocessofevaluatingasetofuserprofileentitieswithan
audienceruletodeterminewhichuserprofileentitiesaremembersoftheaudience.
audienceidentifier(n)~AGUIDorstringthatisusedtouniquelyidentifyanaudience.
audiencerule(n)~Asetoflogicalconditionsthatdeterminewhetherauserprofilecanbe
amemberofanaudience.
audio(adj)~Relatingtofrequencieswithintherangeofperceptionbythehumanear-
fromabout15to20,000hertz(cyclespersecond).
audio(n)~Soundwithintherangeofperceptionbythehumanear—fromabout15to
20,000hertz(cyclespersecond).
audio(n)~Afilecontainingdigitizedaudio,suchasvoiceormusic.
AudioandVideoTuningWizard…(n)~AnitemontheToolsmenu(inaConversation
window)orActionsmenu(inthemainCommunicatorwindow)thatrunsawizardthat
helpstheuserverifythatthecamera,speakers,andmicrophoneareworkingproperlyon
theuser’scomputer.
audioboard(n)~AtypeofexpansionboardonPC-compatiblecomputersthatallowsthe
playbackandrecordingofsound,suchasfromaWAVorMIDIfileoramusicCD-ROM.
MostPCssoldatretailincludeasoundcard.
audiobook(n)~Abookthathasbeenreadandrecordedoncassettetape,CDordigital
format.
audiocall(n)~Acallfortransmittingaudiodata,includingbutnotlimitedtospeech.
audiocall(n)~ASkypecallwhereonlyaudioisused(withoutvideo).
audiocard(n)~AtypeofexpansionboardonPC-compatiblecomputersthatallowsthe
playbackandrecordingofsound,suchasfromaWAVorMIDIfileoramusicCD-ROM.
MostPCssoldatretailincludeasoundcard.
audioCD(n)~Acompactdisccontainingaudioinformation(asopposedtoaCD-ROM
containingdataandfiles).
audiochallenge(n)~AtypeofHumanInteractionProofchallenge,whichplaysanaudio
filedecipherableonlybyaperson.Theaudiofilemightseemfaintormixedwith
backgroundvoicesandnoise.Thisisintentionaltoensureaperson,notanautomated
program,completestheHIPchallenge.
audiocodec(n)~Thedigitalencodingusedtorepresentaudiodata.
audioconference(n)~Theaudioportionofameeting.Theaudiocanbeprovided
throughatelephoneconferencingserviceorbyusingVoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP)
technology.
audioconferenceline(n)~Thebridgelinethatparticipantscalltoheartheaudioportion
ofaLiveMeetingsession.
audioconferencingpartner(n)~Anaudioconferenceservicethatischosenbyan
organizations’sconferencecentertointegrateclientfunctionswithitsLiveMeeting
service.
audioconferencingprofile(n)~Audiosettingsforauserthatareassociatedwitha
telephoneconferencingproviderorwithanaudio-videoconferencingserver.
audioconferencingprovider(n)~Athird-partyorganizationthatprovidesaudio
conferencingservicesoverpublicswitchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN).
AudioControls(n)~AnitemontheViewmenuthatdisplaysthetoolbarofcontrolsfor
audiocalls.AudioControlsincludeaCallmenuforthecurrentlyselectedperson,
microphoneandspeakercontrols,Mute,HangUp,andTransferbuttons.
AudioControls(n)~AbuttoninaconversationwindowthatdisplaysAudioControlsin
thecurrentconversationwindow.AudioControlscontainCall,HangUp,Hold,Transfer,
DialPad,MuteMicrophone,MuteSpeakers,andmicrophoneandspeakervolumecontrol
buttons.
audiodevice(n)~Ahardwaredevicecapableofreproducingsound.
audiofile(n)~Afilecontainingdigitizedaudio,suchasvoiceormusic.
audioframe(n)~Oneofthesmallerparts(withtheirownheadersandaudioinformation)
thatmakeupanaudiofile.
audioinputdevice(n)~Anaudioinputdevicerecordsmusicandvoiceinputintoyour
computer.ExamplesofaudioinputdevicesareCD-ROMplayersandmicrophones.
audiomixing(n)~Theprocessofcombiningmultiplestreamsofaudiodataintoasingle
stream.
audiooutput(n)~Anysoundproducedbyacomputer;specifically,spokenoutput
producedbyacomputerinresponsetosomespecifictypeofinput.Suchoutputmaybe
generatedusingacombinationofwordsfromadigitizedvocabularyorthroughthe
synthesisofwordsfromtablesofphonemes.
audioprompt(n)~Anaudiocuetotheusertobeginrecordingaudiodata.
audioprovider(n)~Athird-partyorganizationthatprovidesaudioconferencingservices
overpublicswitchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN).
AudioRepackager(PN)~Acomponentresponsibleforbreakingaudiosourcesamples
intosmallbufferchunksreadytobeconsumedbytheaudioqueue.
audioresponse(n)~Anysoundproducedbyacomputer;specifically,spokenoutput
producedbyacomputerinresponsetosomespecifictypeofinput.Suchoutputmaybe
generatedusingacombinationofwordsfromadigitizedvocabularyorthroughthe
synthesisofwordsfromtablesofphonemes.
audiostream(n)~Audiodatathatisdeliveredinacontinuousflowacrossanetwork.
audiostyle(n)~Acombinationofaudioplaybackoptionsthatareidentifiedbyastyle
name.Thisallowsyoutoconfigureplaybackwithasingleclick.
AudioTestservice(n)~Abuilt-intoolwherebyatestcallcanbemadebeforetheactual
callis.Thisensuresthattherearen’tanyseverenetworkorotherissuesthatcouldaffect
callquality.
Audiotoolbar(n)~ALiveMeetingclienttoolbarforperformingaudiotasksduringa
LiveMeetingsession.
audiotrack(n)~Anindividualsongorotherdiscretepieceofaudiocontent.
audiotype(n)~Oneoftheencodingformatsforaudiofiles,forinstanceAdvancedAudio
Coding(MP4),AIFFandWAV.
AudioVideoInterleaved(n)~AMicrosoftWindowsmultimediafileformatforsound
andvideosthatusestheMicrosoftResourceInterchangeFileFormat(RIFF)specification.
audiowaveform(n)~Avisualrepresentationofanaudiosignalovertime.
Audio/VideoConferencingServer(n)~AserverrunningLyncServerorOffice
CommunicationsServerthatmixesandmanagesaudioandvideoinputsfrommultiple
sourcesformultipartyaudioandvideoconferences.
audit(n)~InCMMIprocess-improvementwork,anindependentexaminationofawork
productorsetofworkproductstodeterminewhetherrequirementsarebeingmet.
audit(n)~Totrackchangesinentitiesandfieldsasrequired.
AuditandControlManagementServer(PN)~AMicrosoftOfficeproductthatprovides
non-intrusiveauditingofchangesmadetoExcelspreadsheetsandAccessdatabases,and
supportsalerts,notificationsandautomaticworkflowsbasedonuseractivitiessuchas
macroorformulachanges.
AuditCollectionServices(PN)~Aservicethatcollectsandforwardsallsecurityevents
frommonitoredcomputerstoacentraldatabase.
AuditCollectionServicesdatabase(oth)~ThedatabaseinwhichAuditCollection
Servicesstoresallthesecurityeventsthatitcollectsfrommonitoredcomputers.
auditdiagram(n)~Atypeofdiagramusedtodocumentandanalyzeprocessessuchas
financialtransactionsandinventorymanagement.
audithistory(n)~Informationmaintainedaboutthehistoryofanitem,includingall
readingandeditingsessions.
auditlog(n)~TheSQLServerdatabaseinwhichMicrosoftProvisioningFramework
(MPF)storesdataaboutsuccessfulandfailedtransactionsforwhichauditingisenabled.
auditlogging(n)~Theprocessofrecordingspecificactionsperformedbytargetedusers.
auditmode(n)~Thestageofthepreinstallationprocessusedtotestamanufactured
computerbeforeitisdeliveredtotheenduser.
auditpolicy(n)~Apolicythatdeterminesthesecurityeventstobereportedtothe
networkadministrator.
audittrail(n)~Atime-stampedrecordofallthechangesthatusersmaketoarecord.An
audittrailalsocontainsthenameandidentificationoftheuserwhomadethechange,and
typicallyincludesthereasonforthechange.
auditing(n)~Theprocessanoperatingsystemusestodetectandrecordsecurity-related
events,suchasanattempttocreate,toaccess,ortodeleteobjectssuchasfilesand
directories.Therecordsofsucheventsarestoredinafileknownasasecuritylog,whose
contentsareavailableonlytothosewiththeproperclearance.
auditor(n)~Athird-partyindependentorganizationorindividualwhoconductsformal
examinationsandverifiesmeasurementsthroughaprocessofreviews.
AuditoriumPlace(n)~ALiveMeetingsessiontypethatisdesignedforlarge,structured
meetings.
AUP(n)~Astatementissuedbyanonlineservicethatindicateswhatactivitiesusersmay
ormaynotengageinwhileloggedintotheservice.Forexample,someprovidersprohibit
usersfromengagingincommercialactivityonthenetwork.
authmethod(n)~Theauthenticationprotocol(suchasCHAP,PAP,EAPetc.)usedwhen
authenticatingaccesstoresourcesonanetwork.
Authentic,Energetic,Reflective,andOpen(oth)~Thevisualexperienceofthe
premiumWindowsVistaeditions.WindowsAerobuildsontheBasicandStandarduser
experiencestooffercustomersourbest-designed,highest-performingdesktop
environment.AnoticeableelementofthenewWindowsAeroexperienceisthe
professional-looking,transparentglassdesign,whichcreatesanopen,lightweight
environmentbutmoreimportantlyenablesuserstofocusontheircontentratherthanthe
interface.
authenticatedaccess(n)~AuseraccessoptionthatyouspecifyatthedefaultWebsite
levelorApplicationlevelinIIS.Authenticatedaccessrequiresausertohaveavalid
accountandpasswordtoaccessthesite.
authenticateddenialofexistence(n)~TheauthenticationofaDNSqueryforarecord
thatdoesnotexist.
AuthenticatedInternetProtocol(PN)~AprotocolextensiontoInternetKeyExchange
(IKE)thatsupportsadditionalauthenticationmechanismsandthecombinationofuserand
computerauthenticationrequirements.
AuthenticatedIP(PN)~AprotocolextensiontoInternetKeyExchange(IKE)that
supportsadditionalauthenticationmechanismsandthecombinationofuserandcomputer
authenticationrequirements.
authenticatedusersonlymeeting(n)~AmeetinginwhichallparticipantshaveActive
Directorycredentialsandconnectfromeitherinsideoroutsidethecorporatefirewall.
authentication(n)~Theprocessofverifyingtheidentityofauser,computer,device,
process,orotherentitybyvalidatingthecredentialsprovidedbytheentity.Common
formsofcredentialsaredigitalsignatures,smartcards,biometricdata,andacombination
ofusernamesandpasswords.
authentication(n)~Aworkflowthatisusedtoperformadditionaluseridentityvalidation
beforecontinuingwiththerequest.
authenticationassurance(n)~AWindowsServerfeaturethatprovidestheabilityto
determinewhichlogonmethodwasusedbyauserfromhisKerberostoken.
authenticationchallenge(n)~Adialogthatrequirestheusertoprovidearesponsein
ordertoauthenticatetoILM-€œ2-€?.
authenticationchallengeactivity(n)~AWindowsWorkflowFoundationactivitythatis
usedtoconfigureachallengethatwillbeissuedtoauserinordertoauthenticatetoILM-
€œ2-€?.
authenticationdata(n)~Ascheme-specificblockofdatathatisexchangedbetweenthe
serverandclientduringauthentication.Toproveitsidentity,theclientencryptssomeor
allofthisdatawithausernameandpassword.Theclientsendstheencrypteddatatothe
server,whichdecryptsthedataandcomparesittotheoriginal.Ifthedecrypteddata
matchestheoriginaldata,theclientisauthenticated.
authenticationdatabase(n)~Adatabaseonaserverthatmatchesusernamesto
passwords.
authenticationdelegation(n)~Amethodusedtoauthenticateasessionthathasbeen
openedwiththepublishedWebsite.
authenticationmethod(n)~Theauthenticationprotocol(suchasCHAP,PAP,EAPetc.)
usedwhenauthenticatingaccesstoresourcesonanetwork.
authenticationmethod(n)~ForBitLockerDriveEncryption,acombinationofoneor
moreofthefollowingelements,identifiedbyagloballyuniqueidentifier(GUID):
personalidentificationnumber(PIN),recoverypassword,recoverykey,startupkey,and
TrustedPlatformModule(TPM).
authenticationoption(n)~Oneofmultipleauthenticationmechanismsorsettingsthata
usercanset.
authenticationpackage(n)~ADLLthatencapsulatestheauthenticationlogicusedto
determinewhethertopermitausertologon.LSAauthenticatesauserlogonbysending
therequesttoanauthenticationpackage.Theauthenticationpackagethenexaminesthe
logoninformationandeitherauthenticatesorrejectstheuserlogonattempt.
authenticationpage(n)~AWebpagepresentedtounauthenticatedusersloggingontoa
siterequiringauthenticationwithaWebbrowser.
authenticationprovider(n)~Thesoftwarecomponentthatprovidesservicesfor
authenticatingsecurityprincipals.Forexample,theimplementationofRADIUSisan
authenticationprovider.
authenticationservice(n)~Aserviceprovidedbyanoperatingsystemorunderlying
subsystem(likeMicrosoftInternetInformationServices)thatprovidesameansto
authenticateusers,typicallyusingausernameandpassword.Partofthegeneralsecurity
system,authenticationservicescanalsobeofferedattheapplicationlayer.
authenticationset(n)~InIPsec,acollectionofauthenticationmethodsthattheclient
proposesduringnegotiationwiththeremotehost.
authenticationticket(n)~AticketthatCommerceServercreatesforregisteredusers.
Authentications(n)~Aunitofmeasureofthe‘BasicAuthentications’resourceofthe
‘ActiveDirectoryB2C’servicetypeofthe‘Identity’servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’billing
basedonthenumberofauthenticationssubmitted.
Authentications(10s)(PN)~Theunitofmeasureforauthenticationsperformedinblocks
of10.
authenticator(n)~Adatastructureusedbyonepartytoprovethatanotherpartyknowsa
secretkey.IntheKerberosauthenticationprotocol,authenticatorsincludetimestamps,to
preventreplayattacks,andareencryptedwiththesessionkeyissuedbytheKey
DistributionCenter(KDC).
Authenticator(PN)~Theappthatgeneratessecuritycodesthatchangefrequentlyaspart
oftwo-stepverification.
authenticity(n)~Thevalidityorcorrectnessofadocument.
Authenticode(n)~AsecurityfeatureofMicrosoftInternetExplorer.Authenticodeallows
vendorsofdownloadableexecutablecode(plug-insorActiveXcontrols,forexample)to
attachdigitalcertificatestotheirproductstoassureendusersthatthecodeisfromthe
originaldeveloperandhasnotbeenaltered.Authenticodeletsendusersdecidefor
themselveswhethertoacceptorrejectsoftwarecomponentspostedontheInternetbefore
downloadingbegins.
AuthIP(PN)~AprotocolextensiontoInternetKeyExchange(IKE)thatsupports
additionalauthenticationmechanismsandthecombinationofuserandcomputer
authenticationrequirements.
author(n)~Theentityprimarilyresponsibleforcreatingthecontentresource(thatis,the
author).
author(n)~Individual,account,orwebsitethatpublishedapostthatwasstoredtothe
application’sdatabase.
AuthorListsright(n)~Arightthatallowsausertoadd,modify,orremoveitemsina
list,documentlibrary,discussionboard,orsurvey.
AuthorMarks(PN)~Afeaturethatidentifiestheauthorofunreadneworchanged
contentinasharednotebook.
Authorrole(n)~Acollectionofrightsthatenablesausertoview,add,andmodifypages,
anditemsinalist,documentlibrary,discussionboardorsurvey.
authoring(n)~Theprocessofcreatinganddesigningcontentbyusingspecialized
authoringtools.
AuthoringConnector(PN)~AMicrosoftContentManagementServer(MCMS)feature
thatenablesuserstoauthor,edit,andsubmitcontentfromaMicrosoftWorddocumentto
anMCMSWebsite.
authoringpane(n)~InPerformancePointAdd-inforExcel,thepanethatisusedto
authorforms.
authoringtool(n)~Atoolthatallowsanauthortocreate,edit,manageand/orpublisha
contentdeliverableinaconsistentlyorganizedfashion.
authoritativenameserver(n)~ADNSserverthatisresponsiblefortheDNSrecords
thatareassociatedwithadomain.
authoritativepage(n)~AWebpagethatasitecollectionadministratorhasdesignatedas
morerelevantthanotherWebpages.ThisistypicallytheURLofthehomepageforthe
intranetofanorganization.Thehighertheauthoritylevelassignedtoapage,thehigher
thepageappearsinsearchresults.Alsoreferredtoasauthoritativepage.
authoritativerecovery(n)~InBackup,atypeofrestoreoperationperformedonan
ActiveDirectorydomaincontrollerinwhichtheobjectsintherestoreddirectoryare
treatedasauthoritative,replacing(throughreplication)allexistingcopiesofthoseobjects.
authoritativerestore(n)~InBackup,atypeofrestoreoperationperformedonanActive
Directorydomaincontrollerinwhichtheobjectsintherestoreddirectoryaretreatedas
authoritative,replacing(throughreplication)allexistingcopiesofthoseobjects.
authoritativeserver(n)~Pertainingto,orcharacteristicof,aDNSserverthathostsa
primaryorsecondarycopyofaDNSzone.WhenaDNSserverisconfiguredtohosta
zone,itissaidtobeauthoritativefornameswithinthatzone.
authoritativesource(n)~Auserthathasthoroughlytestedandcertifiedthesoftware.
Typically,thesesourcesincludeMicrosoftCorporationandindependentsoftwarevendors
(ISVs).
authorityinformationaccess(n)~Acertificateextensionthatcontainsinformation
usefulforverifyingthetruststatusofacertificate,asdefinedbythe2008Memoofthe
NetworkWorkingGroup.ThisinformationpotentiallyincludesUniformResource
Locations(URLs)wheretheissuingCA’scertificatecanberetrieved,aswellasalocation
ofanOnlineCertificateStatusProtocol(OCSP)responderconfiguredtoprovidestatusfor
thecertificateinquestion.
AuthorityKeyIdentifier(n)~Acertificateextensionusedbythecertificatechaining
enginetodeterminewhatcertificatewasusedtosignapresentedcertificate.TheAKIcan
containtheissuername,serialnumber,publickeyinformation,ornoinformationatall.
Bymatchingtheinformationinacertificate’sAKIextensiontoaCAcertificate’sSubject
KeyIdentifier(SKI)extension,acertificatechaincanbebuilt.
authorization(n)~Theprocessofgrantingaperson,computerprocess,ordeviceaccess
tocertaininformation,servicesorfunctionality.Authorizationisderivedfromtheidentity
oftheperson,computerprocess,ordevicerequestingaccess,whichisverifiedthrough
authentication.
authorization(n)~Aworkflowwithactivitiesthatmustbecompletedbeforetheapproval
orvalidationrequestiscommittedtothedatabase.
authorizationcode(n)~Acodethatgrantsrightstoanindividual,forexampletousea
systemoraccessstoreddata.
authorizationheader(n)~InthecontextofanHTTPtransaction,astringcontainingthe
credentialsthattheuseragentsendstoservercontainingtheauthenticationinformation.
AuthorizationManager(n)~Arole-basedsecurityarchitectureforMicrosoftWindows
Server2003orMicrosoftWindows2000Server(ServicePack4)thatcanbeusedinany
applicationrequiringrole-basedauthorization,suchasASP.NETWebapplicationsorWeb
services.Itconsistsofarun-timeenvironmentandaMicrosoftManagementConsole
(MMC)snap-intoolthatenablesnetworkadministratorstodefineroles,assignusersand
groupstoapplicationroles,andcreateapplicationgroupsbasedonanemployeesjobrole
oranorganizationsstructure.
AuthorizationPoliciesWizard(PN)~AwizardthatisavailablethroughRemote
DesktopGatewayManagerthatenablesyoutoquicklyconfigureaRemoteDesktop
connectionauthorizationpolicy(RDCAP),aRemoteDesktopresourceauthorization
policy(RDRAP),andacomputergroupthatisassociatedwithanRDRAP.
authorizationrule(n)~Ascript,writteninVBScriptorJScript,thatcanbeincludedin
roledefinitionsandtaskdefinitions.Anauthorizationruledetermineswhethertheroleor
taskisallowed.
authorizationstore(n)~Afilecontaininguserandgroupinformationusedbythe
AuthorizationManager.
authorize(v)~Tograntaperson,computerprocess,ordeviceaccesstocertain
information,servicesorfunctionality.
authorize(v)~Tosanctionthefutureoccurrenceofaneventinasystem.
authorizeddistributor(n)~AnindependentcompanylicensedbyMicrosoftLicensing,
GPorMicrosoftIrelandOperations,Ltd.tomanagetheproductionanddistributionof
multipacksofWindowsOEMproductstosystembuilders.
authorizedreplicator(n)~AnindependentcompanylicensedbyMicrosoftLicensing,
Inc.,tomanagetheproductionanddistributionofMicrosoftOEMproductsforroyalty
OEMs.MicrosoftLicensing,Inc.,suppliestheauthorizedreplicatorwiththemaster
components,manufacturingandassemblyspecifications,andotherpertinentinstructions.
TheauthorizedreplicatormanufacturesandassemblesgenuineMicrosoftproductsto
exactspecifications.Thebenefitsofusinganauthorizedreplicatorincludeprotection
againstpiracy,consistenthigh-qualitysoftware,andcompetitiveprices.
authorizeduser(n)~Auserwhohasbeenauthenticatedandwhohasaccesstoobjects
andtasksinthesystem.
AutoAnswer(PN)~AfeatureofsomeWindowsMobiledevicesthatusesthehands-free
systemtoautomaticallyanswerincomingcalls(withoutapersontouchingthedevice)
afterauser-specifiedperiodoftime,suchas2seconds,5seconds,10seconds,andsoon.
autoapplyquota(n)~Aquotathatallowstheusertoassignaquotatemplateonafolder
andhavequotasbasedonthetemplatebeautomaticallycreatedfortheexistingsubfolders
andanysubfolderscreatedinthefuture.
AutoApproval(n)~Anupdatemanagementconfigurationinwhichnewlysynchronized
updatesareautomaticallyapproved,anddeployedtomanagedcomputers.
AutoAttendant(n)~Thefeaturethatsuppliesacallerwithinformationandperformsan
actionwithouttheinterventionofahumanoperator.Itautomaticallyroutescallsbasedon
selectionsmadebythecaller.
AutoCollage(PN)~Afeaturethatassemblesacompositephotocollagefrommultiple
sourcephotos.
autocorrection(n)~Afeaturethatautomaticallycorrectserrorsandmakesother
substitutionsassoonasausertypestext.
autodiscover(n)~Toautomaticallyfindnewly-addedserversandnewly-addedsharesor
volumes,ortodetectchanges,suchasdeletionorremapping,toprotecteddata.
autodiscovery(n)~ThedailyprocessbywhichDPMautomaticallydetectsnewor
removedserversonthenetworkanddiscoverschangestoprotectedservers,suchasthe
addition,removal,orrenamingofdatabases,shares,andvolumes.
AutoFill(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertofillcellswithdatathatfollowsapattern
orthatisbasedondatainothercells.
AutoHide(PN)~AfeaturethatminimizestoolwindowsalongtheedgesoftheIDEwhen
thesewindowsarenotinuse.
AutoPC(n)~Aninformationandentertainmentsystemforuseinautomobiles.
DevelopedbyMicrosoftandpoweredbyMicrosoft-®Windows-®CE(aWindows-
compatibleoperatingsystemdesignedforembeddedapplications),AutoPCimplements
speech-recognitiontechnologytoenableindividualstorelyonhands-free,spoken
commandsfortaskssuchasaccessingacontactdatabase(names,addresses,numbers),
callingupe-mailortrafficreports,controllinganaudiosystem,orobtainingdestination
directions.TheAutoPCfitsintothedashboard,inthespacenormallyoccupiedbyaradio.
autosize(v)~Foranobject,toresizeautomaticallyifthecontainingobjectortheoverall
windowisresized.
autostyleapplicationmode(n)~Amodeinwhichthedefaultstylesettingsdefinedin
PageOptions>CSStabwillbeusedonapagelevelaswellasonaninlinestylelevel.
Thestyleapplicationmodecanalsobesettomanual.
autothumbnail(n)~Atoolthatcreatesathumbnail(aminiatureversion)ofapictureor
photographandahyperlinktotheoriginalpicture.
autotop-up(n)~ASkypefeaturethatenablesautomaticpaymentssothattheuserdoesn’t
runoutofSkypeCredit.
AutoArchive(n)~Afeaturewhichautomaticallyandperiodicallyremovesitemsto
anotherfolder,ordeletesthem,basedontheamountoftimetheyhavebeeninthefolder.
AutoArchive(v)~Toautomaticallyremoveitemstoanotherfolderperiodicallyordelete
them,basedontheamountoftimethattheyhavebeeninthefolder.
autochanger(n)~Aroboticdevicethatautomaticallyloadsstoragemediaintoacomputer
drive.
autocommitmode(n)~ThedefaulttransactionmanagementmodefortheDatabase
Engine.TheDatabaseEngineautomaticallystartsatransactionforeachindividual
Transact-SQLstatement.Whenthestatementcompletes,thetransactioniscommittedor
rolledbackbasedonthesuccessorfailureofthestatement.
AutoComplete(PN)~ThefeatureinInternetExplorerthatrememberstheinformation
youhavetypedintotheAddressbar,webforms,orpasswordfields,andwhich
automaticallyfillsinthatinformationifyoustarttotypethesamethingagainlater.
AutoConnect(n)~AtechnologythatallowsOutlookandmobiledevicestoautomatically
discoverandconnecttothecorrectExchangeserverwithoutrequiringtheusertoknow
theExchangeservernameorotherdetails,evenifthemailboxhasbeenmovedoraserver
hasfailed.
AutoConnect(PN)~Afeaturethatautomaticallyconnects,aligns,andevenlydistributes
flowchartshapesinadrawing.
auto-consistencycheck(n)~Afeaturethatautomaticallyrunsaconsistencycheckon
protecteddatasourceswhenitdetectsaninconsistentreplica.
auto-correct(PN)~Afeaturethatautomaticallycorrectserrorsandmakesother
substitutionsassoonasausertypestext.
Auto-detectserver(oth)~Thelabelforacheck-boxthatwhenselectedestablishes
automaticdetectionoftheserveruponsigningin.
Autodiscover(n)~AfeatureavailableinOutlook2007andsomemobiledevicesthat
automaticallyconfigurestheclientsforaccesstoExchangeServer2007.Theclientsends
theusernameandpasswordinformationtotheExchange2007server.TheAutodiscover
WebservicethatisrunningontheExchangeClientAccessserverreturnsanXMLfilethat
containsconfigurationinformation,whichisinterpretedbytheclient.Iftheuserismoved
toadifferentserverlater,theclientwillautomaticallyquerytheAutodiscoverWebservice
againtoupdatetheclientconfiguration.
Autodiscoverservice(n)~Aservicethatreturnsserverconfigurationinformationfora
mobiledeviceorotherclientusingonlytheuser’sSMTPe-mailaddressandpassword.
auto-exit(n)~Atextboxinwhichthefocusautomaticallymovestothenextcontrolas
soonasausertypesthelastcharacter.
Auto-Extend(PN)~AfeaturethatfacilitatestheuseofPresenterViewbyautomatically
applyingtheExtendsettingforWindowsprojectionandidentifyingthecorrectdisplayfor
SlideShowversusPresenterview.
AutoFilter(n)~Asoftwarefeaturethatallowsuserstofilterrecordsinaspreadsheetor
databasebyselectingfiltercriteriarightintheworkingwindowratherthangoingthrough
complexviewsandfeatures.
autoflow(n)~Theautomaticflowingoftextfromoneframetoanother.
AutoHide(PN)~AfeaturethatminimizestoolwindowsalongtheedgesoftheIDEwhen
thesewindowsarenotinuse.
auto-hidebutton(n)~Abuttonthatappearsontheedgeofaframewhenawindowisin
auto-hidemode.Thehiddenwindowpaneappearswhenthemousecursorhoversoverthe
button.
autohost(v)~Todeploythecomponentsofanapponappropriatehostsandestablishapp
isolationautomatically.
auto-implementedproperty(n)~AVisualBasicandC#propertythatcanbedeclaredin
asinglelineofcode.
auto-insertdelay(n)~Timeelapsedafterthelaststrokeandbeforethehandwriting
recognizerresultisinserted.
auto-joining(n)~Themovementoftexttofillagapthatremainsafterauserdeletesother
text.
auto-labelling(n)~Aprocedureinwhichaddingashapetothedrawingcanvas
automaticallyalsoaddstheshape’snameasatextlabel.
AutoLayout(n)~Afeaturethatautomaticallyadjuststhelayoutifyouinsertitemsthat
don’tfittheoriginallayout.YoucanundoitusingtheAutomaticLayoutOptionsbutton.
autoloader(n)~Aroboticdevicethatautomaticallyloadsstoragemediaintoacomputer
drive.
autologger(n)~Adata-capturingtoolusedinremoteusabilitystudiestoautomatically
recordapplicationinformation(activewindows,titlesandlocations)anduseractionssuch
asmouseclicksandkeystrokes.
autologon(n)~Theprocessofautomaticallyloggingontothecomputerwhenthe
computerrestarts.
automatedactivity(n)~AnactivitythatisautomaticallycompletedbyServiceManager.
AutomatedClearingHouse(n)~Anelectronicfundstransfersystemavailableinthe
UnitedStatesthatfacilitatesthetransferoffundsbetweenreceivingpartyandoriginating
partybankaccounts.
AutomatedSystemRecovery(n)~Afeaturethathelpsyourecoverasystemthatwillnot
start.
AutomatedSystemRecoveryPreparationWizard(n)~Awizardthatbacksupthe
partitionusedbytheoperatingsystem,butitdoesnotbackupotherpartitions,suchas
programordatapartitions.ThosepartitionsmustbebackedupusingBackuporother
standardroutines.
automatedtask(n)~Aworkflowtaskthatiscompletedbyanautomaticoperation.
automatedtest(n)~Asetofstepsthatacomputermayrunprogrammaticallytotestthe
functionalityofthesystem.
automatic(adj)~Pertainingtosomethingthatfunctionswithoutexternalcontrol.
AutomaticAnswering(PN)~AfeatureofsomeWindowsMobiledevicesthatusesthe
hands-freesystemtoautomaticallyanswerincomingcalls(withoutapersontouchingthe
device)afterauser-specifiedperiodoftime,suchas2seconds,5seconds,10seconds,and
soon.
automaticapproval(n)~Anupdatemanagementconfigurationinwhichnewly
synchronizedupdatesareautomaticallyapproved,anddeployedtomanagedcomputers.
automaticapprovalrule(n)~Atypeofrulethatallowsupdatestobeautomatically
approvedbasedonproductandupdateclassifications.
automaticcalldistributor(n)~Asystemthatautomaticallyroutesandqueuesincoming
phonecallsandgeneratesreportstoanagentorasetofagents,e.g.,inacallcentersuch
asforcustomerservice.
Automaticconfiguration(PN)~AnoptionintheOptionsdialogbox,ontheAccounts
tab.WhenthephoneisintegratedwithCommunicator,thisoptionusestheautomatic
configurationsettingsforthephone.
automaticdocumentfeeder(n)~Anattachmentavailableonsomescannersthatallows
automaticscanningofmultiplepages.
automaticfailover(n)~Afailoverthatoccursautomaticallyonthelossoftheprimary
replica.
automaticfailoverset(n)~Withinagivenavailabilitygroup,apairofavailability
replicas(includingthecurrentprimaryreplica)thatareconfiguredforsynchronous-
commitmodewithautomaticfailover,ifany.
automaticfilerestore(n)~Afeaturethatreplacesmalware-infectedsystemfileswith
uninfectedfilesfromthecloud.
AutomaticLayout(n)~Afeaturethatrecognisessomerepetitive,highly-usedstepsand
automaticallyhelpsinthelayoutofthetext.
automaticlearning(n)~Ahandwritingpersonalizationfeaturethatcollectsdataaboutthe
wordsyouuseandhowyouwritethem.Ifyouturnonautomaticlearning,itenablesthe
handwritingrecognizertolearnyourhandwritingstyleandvocabulary.
AutomaticMaintenance(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsthatincludesasetofmaintenance
tasksthatrunautomaticallywhentheuser’sPCisidle.
Automaticmapping(n)~FieldintheImportDataWizardthatindicatesthatthewizard
candeterminewhichofthefieldsbeingimportedmatchupwithMicrosoftDynamics
CRMfields.
automaticnumberidentification(n)~Aprogramthatidentifiesthephonenumberwhere
acalloriginates.
automaticoutlining(n)~Theprocessthatmakesitpossibletocollapseasequenceoftext
linesintoasingleline.Forexample,inC++allmethodscanbecollapsedtoasingleline,
showingonlythemethodsignature.
automaticpartnering(n)~AsettingforAPPCLUsandmodesthatenablesLU-LUpairs
(withassignedmodes)tobegeneratedautomaticallybyHostIntegrationServer2004.
EachtimeanewAPPCLUormodeiscreatedwithautomaticpartneringenabled,Host
IntegrationServer2004searchesforexistingLUsandmodesthatalsohaveautomatic
partneringenabled.HostIntegrationServer2004thenusesallavailableautomaticpartners
tocreateasmanyuniqueLU-LUpairsaspossible,eachpaircontainingaremoteLU,local
LU,andassignedmode.DisablinganautomaticpartnersettingafteranLUormodehas
beencreateddoesnotremovethatLUormodefromLU-LUpairsalreadygenerated.
AutomaticPrivateIPAddressing(n)~ATCP/IPfeatureinWindowsXPandWindows
Server2003thatautomaticallyconfiguresauniqueIPaddressfromtherange169.254.0.1
through169.254.255.254withasubnetmaskof255.255.0.0whentheTCP/IPprotocolis
configuredfordynamicaddressingandaDHCPserverisnotavailable.TheAPIPArange
ofIPaddressesisreservedbytheInternetAssignedNumbersAuthority(IANA)foruseon
asinglesubnet,andIPaddresseswithinthisrangearenotusedontheInternet.
AutomaticProvisioning(n)~Theautomationofuserprovisioning
automaticrecovery(n)~RecoverythatoccurseverytimeSQLServerisrestarted.
AutomaticReplies(PN)~Atoolthatallowstheusertoconfigureauto-replies.
automaticreply(n)~Theauto-replytextspecifiedusingOutlook’sAutomaticRepliesor
OutofOfficeAssistant.
automaticscrolling(n)~Atechniquewherebyadisplayareaautomaticallyscrolls
withoutdirectinteractionwithascrollbar.
AutomaticSpeechRecognition(n)~Technologythatallowsmachinestorecognizeand
respondtohumanvoicecommands.
automaticsynchronization(n)~Theautomaticexchangeandupdateofinformation
betweenadeviceandadesktopcomputerorserveraccordingtoapresetscheduleor
criteria,sothattheinformationisthesameinbothplaces.
automatictransaction(n)~AtransactionthatiscreatedbytheCOM+run-time
environmentforanobjectbasedonthetransactionattributeofacomponent.
automaticupdate(n)~Amethodthatallowsacomputertobescannedandrecommends
softwareupdatesthatfixproblems,addfunctionality,orprovidethelatestdrivers.
AutomaticUpdates(n)~AfeaturethatworkswiththeWindowsUpdatewebsiteto
deliverupdates(patchesandfixes)forWindowsastheybecomeavailableaccordingto
settingsthatuserscanchoose.
automaticvariable(n)~AshellvariablethatisalwaysavailableaspartofaMonad
session($?,$true,etc.).
automaticvirtualmachineactivation(n)~Activationofaguestoperatingsystemor
applicationbasedonpropertiesofahostsystemorparentpartition,includingbutnot
limitedtothelicensestateofthehost.
AutomaticallyretrieveOutOfOfficesettingsfromOutlook(oth)~Anoptioninthe
Optionsdialogbox,ontheRulestab.Whenthisoptionisselected,Communicatorobtains
theuser’sOutOfOfficeinformationfromOutlookanddisplaysitaspartoftheuser’s
status.
automaticallysave(v)~Tosavetheuser’sworkonacontinuousbasis,sothatitisnot
necessarytosavemanually.
Automation(PN)~AtechnologythatisbasedontheComponentObjectModel(COM)
thatenablesinteroperabilityamongActiveXcomponents,includingOLEcomponents.
FormerlyreferredtoasOLEAutomation.
Automation(PN)~AMicrosoftAzureservicethatautomatesthemanual,long-running,
error-prone,andfrequentlyrepeatedtasksthatarecommonlyperformedinacloud
environment.
Automationclient(n)~AnapplicationthatusesAutomationtomanipulatestheobjects,
methods,andpropertiesofanotherapplication.AlsocalledanAutomationcontroller.
Automationobject(n)~AnobjectsuppliedbyacomponentthatsupportsAutomation.
Automationserver(n)~Anapplicationthatenablesitsobjects,methods,andproperties
tobecontrolledbyotherapplicationsthroughAutomation.
Automotive(PN)~TheLifestylesubcategorycontainingappsforcarenthusiasts.
AutoMovie(n)~AMovieMakertoolthathelpsusersquicklycreateamoviebyanalyzing
thevideo,pictures,andmusicthatauserselects,andthencombiningthosetocreatea
movie.
autonomoussystem(n)~Agroupofroutersornetworkscontrolledbyasingle
administrativeauthorityusingacommonInteriorGatewayProtocol(IGP)forrouting
packets.Eachautonomoussystemisassignedagloballyuniquenumbercalledan
autonomous-systemnumber(ASN).
autonomoussystemboundaryrouter(oth)~Arouterthatexchangesroutinginformation
withroutersthatbelongtootherautonomoussystems.TheASBRthenadvertisesexternal
routesthroughouttheautonomoussystem.ASBRscanbeinternalorareaborderrouters,
andtheymightormightnotbeconnectedtothebackbone.
AutoNumber(PN)~Afielddatatypethatautomaticallystoresauniquenumberforeach
recordasit’saddedtoatable.
AutoPlay(n)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutosetupyourcomputersothatwhenyouinserta
CDorDVD,itwillplayautomaticallyandyouwon’thavetoselectyourpreferences
everytime.
autopostback(n)~Aprocessinwhichthecontrolsubmitsthepagewhentheuser
interactswiththecontrol.(Bydefault,onlybuttoncontrolscauseapostback.)For
example,ifaDropDownListcontrolissettoperformautopostback,thepageissubmitted
assoonasauserselectsanitemfromthelist.
auto-protection(n)~InDPM,afeaturethatautomaticallyidentifiesandaddsnewdata
sourcesforprotection.
auto-recharge(n)~ASkypefeaturethatenablesautomaticpaymentssothattheuser
doesn’trunoutofSkypeCredit.
Auto-recover(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertorescueworkifthecomputercrashes
foranyreason.
auto-redial(n)~Afeaturethatrepeatedlyredialsthedesirednumberuntiltheusergets
through.
auto-reducestatementcompletion(n)~TheIntelliSensefeaturethatfiltersthelistof
valuesthatIntelliSensedisplaystoonlytherelevantonesbasedonwhattheusertypes.It
alsofiltersontitlecasing(e.g.,iftheusertypesdl’
autoregressiveintegratedmovingaverage(n)~Amethodfordeterminingdependencies
inobservationstakensequentiallyintime,thatalsosupportsmultiplicativeseasonality.
auto-repeat(n)~Aneventorinteractionthatisautomaticallyrepeated.Auto-repeat
eventsusuallyoccurwhenauserholdsdownakeyboardkeyorpressesandholdsa
specialcontrol(forexample,scrollbarbuttons).
AutoReply(PN)~AfeatureinOutlookMobilethatallowstheusertosetupanautomatic
responsetoincominge-mailmessages.
auto-report(n)~Atypeofreportthatisautomaticallygeneratedfromthedatathatis
displayedonaform.
autorestart(n)~Aprocessorsystemfeaturethatcanautomaticallyrestartthesystem
aftertheoccurrenceofcertaintypeoferrorsorapowersystemfailure.
Autos(PN)~AnMSNsitethatprovidesinformationandexpertadviceonautomobiles,
includingsafetyratings,marketvalues,andlistingsfornewandusedcars.
autosave(n)~Aprogramfeaturethatautomaticallysavesanopenfiletoadiskorother
mediumatdefinedintervalsorafteracertainnumberofkeystrokestoensurethatchanges
toadocumentareperiodicallysaved.
autoscroll(n)~Atechniquewherebyadisplayareaautomaticallyscrollswithoutdirect
interactionwithascrollbar.
AutoShape(n)~Apredefinedorfree-formfigure-€”suchasaline,oval,cube,flowchart
symbol,banner,orfree-formscribble-€”thattheusercaninsertintoadocumentandthen
customize.
AutoShapes(n)~Amenuforagroupofready-madeshapesthatincludesbasicshapes,
suchasrectanglesandcircles,plusavarietyoflinesandconnectors,blockarrows,
flowchartsymbols,starsandbanners,andcallouts.
autosnap(n)~Afeatureinwhichdroppingashapeontoaconnectorautomaticallyglues
theshapetotheconnector.
auto-start(n)~AfeatureofWindowsServerAppFabricthatallowsaWCForWFservice
toautomaticallystartwhenitiscreated,orwhenIISisstarted.
autostaticupdate(n)~Theprocessofaddingtotheroutingtableautomatically.When
youconfigureaninterfacetouseauto-staticupdatemode,theroutersendsarequestto
otherroutersandinheritsroutes.Theroutesaresavedintheroutingtableasandarekept
eveniftherouterisrestartedortheinterfacegoesdown.Auto-staticupdatesaresupported
in(RIP)for(IP)andinRIPforInternetworkPacketExchange(),buttheyarenot
availableforusewithOpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF).
Autostretch(adj)~Anoptionforsettingallorpartofalayouttabletoafixedwidth.After
settingpartofalayouttabletoafixedwidth,theotherpartofthelayouttable
automaticallystretchestoadjusttothesizeoftheWebbrowserwindow.
AutoSum(n)~AnExcelfeaturethatautomaticallycreatesasumformulabasedonuser
selection.
AutoText(n)~Agalleryfortextandgraphics,suchasastandardcontractclause,thatcan
beusedmultipletimesinoneormoredocuments.Eachselectionoftextorgraphicsis
recordedasanAutoTextentryandassignedauniquename.ItisvisibleinQuickPartsand
theBuildingBlocksOrganizer.
Autotextcode(PN)~Atext-basedvariableinacolumndefinitionthatisautomatically
updatedeachtimethatareportisgenerated.
Autounattend.xml(n)~Theunattendedanswerfilethatisautomaticallydetectedby
WindowsSetupduringoperatingsysteminstallation.
auxiliaryAppCompatdatabase(n)~Anadditionaldatabasethatisassociatedwiththe
AppCompatdatabase.TheAuxiliaryAppCompatdatabasecanbemodifiedonthesystem
andisusedprimarilyinlargeenterpriseswheretheITenvironmentisheavilymanaged.
ThemainAppCompatdatabaseisread-only.
auxiliaryclass(n)~Aclassthatextendsthedefinitionofaclassthatinheritsfromitbut
cannotformaclassbyitself.
auxiliarydisplay(n)~AfeatureofWindowsVistathatgivestheuserquickaccessto
usefulinformationontheircomputer,suchascalendarappointmentsandthelateste-mail
messageevenwhenthecomputerisinstandbymodeorhibernating,mediaplayback
controlwhenthecomputerisoff,andotherapplicationnotifications.
AV(n)~Acomputerprogramdesignedtodetectandrespondtomalicioussoftware,such
asvirusesandworms.Responsesmayincludeblockinguseraccesstoinfectedfiles,
cleaninginfectedfilesorsystems,orinformingtheuserthataninfectedprogramwas
detected.
availability(n)~Alevelofserviceprovidedbyapplications,services,orsystems.
availability(n)~Theperiodsoftimewhenaresourcecanbescheduledtoparticipateina
serviceactivity.
availability(n)~Theconditionofauserthatcanbedisplayedtotheuser’scontactsto
communicatewhethertheuseriscurrentlyonlineandavailable,offlineandunavailable,
andsoon.
availabilitydatabase(n)~Adatabasethatbelongstoanavailabilitygroup.
availabilitygroup(n)~Asetofuserdatabasesthatfailovertogether.
availabilitygrouplistener(n)~Aservertowhichclientscanconnectinordertoaccessa
databaseinaprimaryorsecondaryreplicaofanavailabilitygroup.
availabilityindicator(n)~Appearstotheleftofameetingorappointment(oralltheway
aroundtheitemwhenselected),indicatingtimestatusasfree,tentative,busy,outof
office,ornoinformationavailable.VisibleonlyinDayandWorkWeekview.
availabilityreplica(n)~Aninstantiationofanavailabilitygroupthatishostedbya
specificinstanceofSQLServerandthatmaintainsalocalcopyofthesetofavailability
databasesthatbelongtotheavailabilitygroup.
Availabilityservice(n)~Aservicethatimprovesinformationworkers’free/busydataby
providingsecure,consistent,andup-to-datefree/busyinformationtocomputersthatare
runningMicrosoftOfficeOutlook2007.Bydefault,thisserviceisinstalledwithExchange
2007.
availabilityset(n)~Agroupofvirtualmachinesthataresetupsothatitsmembersare
guaranteedtobehighlyavailable.Anavailabilitysetcombinestheoperationsoffault
domainsandupdatedomainstohelpguardagainsthardwarefailuresandhostoperating
systemupdates,bothofwhichcausevirtualmachineoutages.
availabilitywarning(n)~Aniconorawarningmessagethatappearswhenanitem
quantity,lotnumber,orserialnumberisalreadyreservedorotherwisespecifiedforother
documents.
available(adj)~Referringtoanythingthatisreadyforimmediateusebyauseror
application.
available(PN)~Apresencestatustheusercanselect,whilesignedin,tomakeitappearto
otherusersthatheorsheiscurrentlywillingtobecontacted.
availablediskspace(n)~Memorythatisnotallocatedtoanyprogram.
availabledisks(n)~Astoragepoolthatexposesphysicaldisksthatarecurrentlyavailable
forinclusioninastoragepoolonaparticularstoragesubsystem.
availableharddiskspace(n)~Memorythatisnotallocatedtoanyprogram.
availablelanguage(n)~Alanguagepackthatispresentinthelangpacksfolder,butisnot
yetinstalledtotheWindowsimage.Toinstallanavailablelanguage,youmustrun
WindowsSetup.Optionally,youcanusetheLpksetup.exetooltoinstallalanguagepack
afterWindowsisinstalled.
availablememory(n)~Memorythatisnotallocatedtoanyprogram.
availabletopromise(adj)~Theportionofinventorythatisnotallocatedandwhichcan
beusedtofulfillnewordersandrequirements.
Avantgarde(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#90.
Avatar~Apictureorfigurerepresentingapersoninanonlineenvironment.
AVDP(n)~ApartoftheUDFfilesystemnecessarytoidentifytherequiredblocksin
ordertointerpretthefilesystem.
averagecostperiod(n)~Anintervaloftimethattheprogramusestocalculateaverage
costsofitemsthatusetheAveragecostingmethod.Theprogramcalculatesanaverage
costfortheendingdateofeachaveragecostperiodinwhichaninventorydecreasetakes
place.Thisaveragecostisthenappliedtoallinventorydecreaseswithvaluationdatesin
theaveragecostperiod.
averageduration(oth)~Theaverageevent-timeforallperformanceeventsinthegroup.
AVI(n)~AMicrosoftWindowsmultimediafileformatforsoundandvideosthatusesthe
MicrosoftResourceInterchangeFileFormat(RIFF)specification.
AVIcode.NETEnterpriseagent(PN)~AfeaturethatisinstalledonaWindows-based
computerbytheAVIcode.NETapplicationmonitoringproduct.
AVS(n)~Theservicethatisprovidedbyacreditcardprocessorthatvalidatesthatthe
billingaddressprovidedbyacardholdermatchestheinformationonfilewiththeissuing
bank.
awardcertificate(n)~Adocumentpresentedtoanindividualorteaminformal
recognitionoftheireffortorachievement.
Away(n)~AtabonthePowerOptionsPropertiesdialogboxwhichallowstheuserto
selectawaymode.
Away(n)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthatcanbeselectedwhilesignedinto
makeitappeartootherusersthatheorsheiscurrentlyaway.
Away(PN)~Anitemontheuser’sStatusmenu.Ausercanselectthisstatustoindicate
thattheyarenotactivelyusingtheircomputer.
Away(PN)~Thestatusthatappearswhenauseriselsewherethanattheircomputer.The
Awaystatuscanbeselectedmanuallywhentheuserplanstobeaway,orautomatically
whentheuserhasbeenaway.
awaygreeting(n)~Avoicemessagethat’splayedtocallerstoletthemknowthatthe
persontheycalledisawayforanextendedperiodoftimeandunavailabletoanswerthe
phone.Itcanbecustomizedbytheuser.It’sdifferentfromthevoicemailgreetingthat’s
playedwhentherecipientisawayforashortperiodoftime.
awaymode(n)~ApowermodeinwhichaMediaCenterPCappearsoff,butcanstill
performfunctionssuchasrecordingaTVprogram.Inawaymode,themonitorappears
blank,theaudioismuted,theinputdevicesarelocked,thepowerLEDchangesfrom
greentoamber,andthesystemfansturndown.
AWS(PN)~Acollectionofremotecomputingservicesthatmakeupacloudcomputing
platformofferedbyAmazon.com.
AWT(PN)~AlibraryofJavaGUIs(graphicaluserinterfaces)thatprovidesthe
connectionsbetweenaJavaapplicationandthenativeGUIofthecomputeronwhichthe
applicationruns.
AxBCclass(n)~Abusinesscomponentclassthatencapsulatesbusinesslogic,including
theprovisionofdefaultvalues,validationofdata,valuemapping,andaccesstodisplay
fields.
Axd(oth)~Theprefixusedfordocumentclassesfortheapplicationprogrammer
interfaces(APIs).
axis(n)~Alineborderingthechartplotareausedasaframeofreferencefor
measurement.
axis(n)~Asetoftuples.Eachtupleisavectorofmembers.Asetofaxesdefinesthe
coordinatesofamultidimensionaldataset.
axis(n)~Adirectionalvectorthatcanbeusedtospecifyapositioninspace.The
horizontalaxisx-axis,theverticaly-axis,andnear-to-farz-axisareusedforthree-
dimensionalgraphing.
AXL(PN)~AnXML-basedserializationformatusedbySharePoint-basedserversto
representAccessServicesdatabaseapplications.Itincludesdatabaseproperties,queries,
forms,reports,andmacros.
AzMan(n)~Arole-basedsecurityarchitectureforMicrosoftWindowsServer2003or
MicrosoftWindows2000Server(ServicePack4)thatcanbeusedinanyapplication
requiringrole-basedauthorization,suchasASP.NETWebapplicationsorWebservices.It
consistsofarun-timeenvironmentandaMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)snap-in
toolthatenablesnetworkadministratorstodefineroles,assignusersandgroupsto
applicationroles,andcreateapplicationgroupsbasedonanemployeesjobroleoran
organizationsstructure.
AzureActiveDirectory(PN)~TheidentityserviceinMicrosoftAzurethatprovides
identitymanagementandaccesscontrolcapabilitiesthroughaREST-basedAPI.
AzureActiveDirectoryConnectHealth(PN)~AnMicrosoftAzurepreviewportal
extensionwithaserverandclientcomponenttomonitorservice’shealth,performanceand
usageofanon-premisesidentityinfrastructure(ADFS),providingalerts,summariesand
reports.
AzureActiveDirectoryConnectHealthAgent(PN)~Aprograminstalledandrunning
asabackgroundtaskonthetargetedserverstoaccomplishAzureADConnectHealth
functions.
AzureActiveDirectoryidentitysynchronizationtools(n)~Theservicesprovidingfor
automaticalsynchronizationofuserandgroupaccountson-premiseandtotheaccounts
storedinAzureActiveDirectoryviapass-backthroughfederationandpasswordhash
synchronization.
AzureADApp(PN)~AnInternetapplicationthatrunsonsmartphonesandother
portabledevicesandusesMicrosoftAzureMobileServicestoprovideauthorizedusers
withsign-oncapabilitytoaccesssecuredresourcesviatheidentityserviceinMicrosoft
Azurethatprovidesidentitymanagementandaccesscontrolcapabilities.
AzureADConnectHealth(PN)~AnMicrosoftAzurepreviewportalextensionwitha
serverandclientcomponenttomonitorservice’shealth,performanceandusageofanon-
premisesidentityinfrastructure(ADFS),providingalerts,summariesandreports.
AzureADConnectHealthAlerts(PN)~ThesectionoftheAzureADConnectHealth
providingthelistofactivealerts.includesrelevantinformation,resolutionsteps,andlinks
torelateddocumentation.Byselectinganalertyouwillseeadditionalinformation,aswell
asstepsyoucantaketoresolvethealert,andlinkstoadditionaldocumentation.Youcan
alsoviewhistoricaldataonalertsthatwereresolvedinthepast.
AzureADConnectHealthUsageAnalytics(PN)~AfeatureofAzureADConnect
Healththatanalyzesuseractionsandusageeventsontnemonitoredservice.
AzureADSync(PN)~Asoftwaretoolforconnectingtodatasources,synchronizingdata
betweendatasources,aswellastheprovisioninganddeprovisioningofidentities.
AzureApp(PN)~AnInternetapplicationthatrunsonsmartphonesandotherportable
devicesandusesMicrosoftAzureMobileServicestoprovideauthorizeduserswithsign-
oncapabilitytoaccesssecuredresourcesviatheidentityserviceinMicrosoftAzurethat
providesidentitymanagementandaccesscontrolcapabilities.
AzureAppService(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzurehostingofferthatisstreamlinedforfast
andeasywebsitedeploymentseitherrunningcustomapplicationcodeorpopularopen
sourcewebapps.
AzureAppServiceEnvironment(PN)~APremiumserviceplanoptionofAzureApp
Servicethatprovidesafullyisolatedanddedicatedenvironmentforsecurelyrunningall
apps.
AzureApplication(PN)~AnInternetapplicationthatrunsonsmartphonesandother
portabledevicesandusesMicrosoftAzureMobileServicestoprovideauthorizedusers
withsign-oncapabilitytoaccesssecuredresourcesviatheidentityserviceinMicrosoft
Azurethatprovidesidentitymanagementandaccesscontrolcapabilities.
AzureAuthenticator(PN)~Adual-componentappthatcanbeinstalledonauser’s
mobiledeviceforsecureaccesstoworkandschoolaccountsthroughaccountsign-in
verification.
AzureAutomation(PN)~AMicrosoftAzureservicethatautomatesthemanual,long-
running,error-prone,andfrequentlyrepeatedtasksthatarecommonlyperformedina
cloudenvironment.
AzureAutomationIntelligencePack(PN)~AnAzureAutomationcomponent
transformingthenewbornagentintoausefulmemberofsociety,otherwiseknownasa
HybridRunbookWorker.
AzureBatchforum(n)~AnMSDNforumtodiscusstheAzureBatchservice.Thetopics
includemanagement,development,performance,roadmap,featurerequest,etc.
AzureClassicPortal(PN)~Theserviceprincipalfirst-releasedweb-baseduserinterface
toAzureservices.
Azurecredit(n)~TheamountofmoneythatanAzureuserisentitledtouseforAzure
services.
AzureDataCatalog(PN)~AsharedAzureservicethatprovidesameansforstoringand
administeringdefinitionsofmodels,contenttypes,anddatasources.
AzureDataLake(PN)~Ahyperscalerepositoryforbigdataanalyticworkloads.
AzureforBizSparkPlus(n)~TheofferofamonthlycreditonMicrosoftAzurefor
startupswhoaremembersofalocalAcceleratororIncubatorandwhoareBizSparkPlus
partners.
AzureGamingServices(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicefor3limited-availability
Xbox(gaming)servicetypes,includingComputeandtwoDataTransfers.
AzureinOpen(PN)~Amonetarycommitmentofferbasedontheopenlicensingprogram
andtargetedforsmall-tomedium-sizedbusinesses.
AzureinOpen(PN)~AmonetarycommitmentthatmakesMicrosoftAzureavailablefor
partnerstoresellthroughOpenlicensingfor12months,andthatacustomercanuse
againstanyconsumption-basedAzureservice.
AzurePass(PN)~Anofferthatprovidesacertainamountinmonetarycredittoanyone
whowouldliketotryoutMicrosoftAzureservices.
AzurePortal(n)~Theweb-baseduserinterfacethathostsallAzureservices.
AzurePowerShell(PN)~AmodulethatprovidescmdletstomanageAzurethrough
WindowsPowerShell.Youcanusethecmdletstocreate,test,deploy,andmanage
solutionsandservicesdeliveredthroughtheAzureplatform.
AzurePreviewPortal(n)~Thenext-generationweb-baseduserinterfacetowhichAzure
servicesaremigrating.Itprovidesacustomizableend-to-endDevOpsexperiencealong
withAzureResourceManagerforcomposingandmanagingallresourcesinan
applicationtogether.
AzureRedisCache(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureCacheofferingthatprovidesaccesstoa
secure,dedicatedRediscache,managedbyMicrosoft.
Azureregion(n)~AnareawithinageoAzureregiontaxonomy.Doesnotimplyany
hierarchyornestingwithinageo.Regionscanbeassignedtoothergeosinthefutureif
needed.
AzureResourceManager(PN)~Theservicetograntaccesstoaserviceprincipaland
authenticateitsothatitcanperformthepermittedmanagementactionsonresourcesthat
existinthesubscriptionorasatenant.
AzureRightsManagement(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheofferoftheAzureRights
Managementcapabilityforgovernmentorganizationswheredataishostedinthe
commercialcloudenvironment.
AzureRightsManagementforGovernment(PN)~TheofferoftheAzureRights
Managementcapabilityforgovernmentorganizationswheredataishostedinthe
governmentcloudenvironment.
AzureSearch(PN)~Theservicethatallowsdeveloperstoincorporatesearchcapabilities
intotheirapplicationswithouthavingtoworryaboutthecomplexitiesoffull-textsearch
andwithouthavingtodeploy,maintainormanageanyinfrastructure.
AzureSiteRecovery(n)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatallowsuserstoautomate
protectionandreplicationandorchestraterecoveryforvirtualmachinesandapplications
thatrunonHyper-VhostslocatedinSystemCenterVirtualMachineManager(VMM)
cloudsandalsoinMicrosoftAzureforsimplifieddisasterrecovery.
AzureStack(PN)~AcloudinfrastructurethatbringsAzureIaaSandPaaScapabilitiesto
customers’datacentersforblendingenterpriseapplicationssuchasSQLServer,
SharePoint,andExchangewithmoderndistributedapplicationsandserviceswhile
maintainingcentralizedoversight.
AzureSyncPortal(PN)~ThewebUIthatyouusetointeractwiththeAzureSync
Service.
AzureSyncService(PN)~ThesynchronizationservicerunningbehindtheAzureSync
Portal.
AzureTenant(n)~AninstanceofAzureActiveDirectorythatisautomaticallycreated
forusebyanorganizationwhensigningupforanyMicrosoftcloudservicetocreateand
manageusersandgroups,addtheorganization’sregisteredInternetdomainsandsetup
integrationwiththeon-premisesdirectoryservicetoprocessuserauthentications.
AzureTrustCenter(PN)~Awebsitethatdescribesthecompliance,security,andprivacy
featuresofMicrosoftAzure.
B~
B(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
B+tree(n)~AB-treeinwhichdataarestoredintheleaves.B+trees(Bplustrees)make
itpossibletoeasilysearch,insert,deleteandaccessdata.
B2B(n)~Relatingtothesalescategorypertainingtotransactionsandrelatedactivity
betweenabusinessandbuyerswhoarenotconsumers,suchasgovernmentbodies,
companies,andresellers.
B2Bintegration(n)~Theexchangeofelectronicdocumentsbetweentwocompanies,for
example,forthepurposeoftrading.
B2Bsite(n)~AWebsitedesignedforthecreationandtransmissionofpurchaseorders
betweenbusinessesthathaveanestablishedrelationship.
B2Csite(n)~AWebsitethatprovidesretailshoppingdirectlytothepublic.
BAC(n)~Theoriginalproject,resource,andassignmentcostasshowninthebaseline
plan.Thebaselinecostisasnapshotofthecostatthetimewhenthebaselineplanwas
saved.
bacillusCalmette-Guérinvaccine(n)~Aserumagainsttuberculosisthatisprepared
fromastrainoftheweakenedlivebovinetuberculosisbacillusandusedforvaccination
againsttuberculosisandalsoincancerchemotherapy.
Back(PN)~AnavigationbuttonusedtoreturntorecentlyvisitedWebpagesinInternet
Explorerandotherinternetbrowsers.
backbuffer(n)~Anonvisiblesurfacetowhichbitmapsandotherimagescanbedrawn
whiletheprimarysurfacedisplaysthecurrentlyvisibleimage.
Backbutton(PN)~Thebuttonthattakestheusertothepreviousitemorpage.
backclippingplane(n)~Thefarboundaryofaviewingfrustumorcamerabeyondwhich
objectsarenotrendered.
backdoor(n)~Ahardwareorsoftware-basedhiddenentrancetoacomputersystemthat
canbeusedtobypassthesystem’ssecuritypolicies.
backend(n)~Thepartofacompilerthattransformssourcecode(human-readable
programstatements)intoobjectcode(machine-readablecode).
backend~thepartofacomputersystemnotdirectlyinteractingwiththeuser.
backorder(n)~Anunfilledcustomerorderorcommitment.Abackorderisan
immediate(orpastdue)demandagainstanitemwhoseinventoryisinsufficienttosatisfy
thedemand.
backpayment(n)~Apaymentmadebyacustomerforapastdueobligation.
backreference(n)~Inregularexpressions,anelementoftheform\dd’
backup(v)~Tomakeaduplicatecopyofaprogram,adisk,ordata.
backbone~BackbonenetworkisthemaincommunicationpathinaWAN;thesetof
cablesorconnectionsthatcarriesmostofthetraffic
backbonerouter(n)~InOpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF),arouterthatisconnectedto
thebackbonearea.Thisincludesroutersthatareconnectedtomorethanonearea(area
borderrouters(ABRs)).However,backboneroutersdonothavetobeABRs.Routersthat
haveallnetworksconnectedtothebackboneareinternalrouters.
backdoor(n)~Pertainingtoatypeoftrojanusedtobypassacomputer’ssecuritypolicies.
backdoor(n)~Anentrywayintoacomputerthatisneitherauthorizednorintentionally
deliberate.
backend(adj)~Inaclient/serverapplication,thepartoftheprogramthatrunsonthe
server.
back-endapplication(adj)~Inaclient/serverapplication,thepartoftheprogramthat
runsontheserver.
back-enddatabase(n)~Inatwo-databaseapproach,theserver-sidedatabasethat
containsthetablesthatholdyoursolution’sdata,andthatisaccessedbyyoursolution
throughlinksinthefront-enddatabase.
back-enddatabaseserver(n)~Aserverthathostsdata,configurationsettings,andstored
proceduresthatareassociatedwithoneormoreapplications.
backendserver(n)~Aserverthatisusedtohandledataprocessingandtypicallyisnot
accessedbytheclientsandisnotexposedtotheWeb.
back-endserver(n)~Aserverthatisusedtohandledataprocessingandtypicallyisnot
accessedbytheclientsandisnotexposedtotheWeb.
backfill(v)~Toretrievemissingupdatesfromanotherstorewhenapublicfolderstore
determinesthatithasnotreceivedalloftheupdatesforareplicatedfolder(orforthe
hierarchy).
backflushcosting(n)~Anaccountingmethodthatflowsproductandproductioncoststo
costofgoodssoldaccountsduringanaccountingperiodandthatbackflushesthosecosts
torawmaterialandfinishedgoodsaccountsforproductsnotsoldatthecloseofthe
accountingperiod.
background(n)~InagraphicaluserinterfacesuchasWindows,apatternorpictureinthe
screenbackgroundthatcanbechosenbytheuser.
background(adj)~Inthecontextofprocessesortasksthatarepartofanoperating
systemorprogram,operatingwithoutinteractionwiththeuserwhiletheuserisworking
onanothertask.
background(n)~Thecolororimagethatappearsbehindthecontentofavisualelement,
forexample,behindthetextthatisdisplayedinaTextBoxcontroloronyourgraphical
userinterface.
background(n)~Apagethatyoucanassigntoanotherpagetocreatemultiplelayersina
drawing.
background(n)~Theimagethatappearsintheconversationwindow.
background(n)~TheareathatappearsbehindthetilesontheStartscreen.
background(n)~ThepicturethatappearsinthePhotosHub.
Background(PN)~Theareaonacardthatallowsausertomakethecard’simagea
backgroundwhenclickedon.
backgroundagent(n)~Amultitaskingfeaturethatallowsforrunningcodeperiodically
inthebackground.
backgroundcolor(n)~Thecoloragainstwhichcharactersandgraphicsaredisplayed.
backgroundcompilation(n)~Compilationthatoccurswhilethedeveloperiswriting
code,beforeanexplicitbuildcommandismadethroughtheIDE.Background
compilationenableserrorreportingwhilethedeveloperiswritingcode.
backgroundgraphics(n)~Anygraphicsonaslide,includingdrawingobjects,patternsin
abackgroundfill,andpictures.
backgroundgraphicsmode(n)~Amodethatdefineshowbackgroundcolorsaremixed
withwindoworscreencolorsfortextandbitmapoperations.
backgroundhandles(n)~Thehandlesusedtoresizethebackground.Bydefault,
backgroundhandlesarehidden.
backgroundimage(n)~Thebackgroundthatappearsunderanapplication.
BackgroundIntelligentTransferService(PN)~AcomponentofWindowsXPandlater
operatingsystemsthatfacilitatesprioritized,throttled,andasynchronoustransferoffiles
betweencomputersusingidlenetworkbandwidth.
backgroundpage(n)~Apagethatyoucanassigntoanotherpagetocreatemultiple
layersinadrawing.
backgroundpattern(n)~Thepatternagainstwhichcharactersandgraphicsare
displayed.
backgroundprinting(n)~Theprocessofsendingadocumenttoaprinteratthesame
timethatthecomputerisperformingoneormoreothertasks.
backgroundprocessing(n)~Theexecutionofcertainoperationsbytheoperatingsystem
oraprogramduringmomentarylullsintheprimary(foreground)task.Anexampleofa
backgroundprocessisawordprocessorprogramprintingadocumentduringthetimethat
occursbetweentheuser’skeystrokes.
backgroundprogram(n)~Aprogramthatcanrunorisrunninginthebackground.
BackgroundRemoval(PN)~Animageeditingfeaturethatallowsausertoisolatethe
foregroundportionofanimageandmakethebackgroundtransparent.
backgroundshading(n)~Theapplicationofcolorbehindselectedtextorparagraph.
backgroundsound(n)~AnaudiofileassociatedwithaWebpage.Whenasitevisitor
opensthepageinaWebbrowser,theaudiofileplayseithercontinuouslyorthenumberof
timesthatthecodeintheWebpagespecifies.
backgroundstreaming(n)~Aclientruntimepolicyconfigurationparameterthatenables
thesecondaryfeatureblockofavirtualizedapplicationtobestreamedtotheclient
automaticallyinthebackground.
BackgroundSync(PN)~Afeaturethatsynchronizesofflinefilesinthebackground,
ensuringthattheserverisfrequentlyupdatedwiththelatestchanges.
backgroundtask(n)~Ataskthatispartofanoperatingsystemorprogram,andis
operatingwithoutinteractionwiththeuserwhiletheuserisworkingonanothertask.
backgroundtexture(n)~Thetexture(illusionofphysicalsubstance)againstwhich
charactersandgraphicsaredisplayed.
backhaul~Theterrestriallinkbetweenanearthstationandaswitchingordatacenter.
backingfield(n)~Aprivatevariablethatholdsthevalueofaproperty.Theproperty’sGet
andSetproceduresaccessthebackingfield.
backingstore(n)~Amass-storagedevicethatservesasbackupmemoryforpagingwhen
physicalmemoryisfull.
backingstream(n)~Theexistingstream,thatthenewstreamwillbebasedon.
backingtype(n)~Atypeinagiventypesystemthatdefinestheobjectthatiscreated
whenparsingaXAMLobjectelementorinstantiatingaXAMLtype.InXAMLforWPF,
abackingtypeisaCLRtype.
backingvariable(n)~Aprivatevariablethatholdsthevalueofaproperty.Theproperty’s
GetandSetproceduresaccessthebackingfield.
backlight(n)~Thelightbehindthescreenonmobiledevicesusedtoilluminatethescreen
inthedark,orjusttomakeitbrighterundernormalconditions.
Backlighttimeout(n)~Amenuitemthatsetstheamountoftimeforthedevicetobeidle
beforethebacklightturnsoff.
backlog(n)~Thesetofworkitemsnotyetclosed,representingworkunderconsideration
orstilltobecompleted.
backlogpriority(n)~Sortorderassignedtoabacklogitem,whichisusedtomanagethe
sequenceofitemsonthebacklog
backoff(n)~Amechanismthatisusedtodelivermessagesataninterimhop,alongthe
least-costroutingpath.Abackoffoccurwhendirectrelayfailsforanyreason,suchas
networkissuesorserversgoingoffline.Theroutingcomponenttriestodelivermessages
asclosetothedestinationaspossiblebybackingoff,hopbyhop,alongtheleast-cost
routingpathuntilaconnectionismade.
Back-OrderLimit(n)~Thevaluebelowzerobeyondwhichitisnotprudenttotakeback
orders.Backorderingcannotoccurbeyondthisvalue.Thisistorestrictoversellingand
therebypreventingfailuretofulfillanorder.
backplane(n)~Atoolintegrationframeworkthatenablestheenactmentofenduser
scenariosthatrequirecollaborationamongtoolsdevelopedindependentlybygroups
insideandoutsideofMicrosoft.
backplane(n)~Acircuitboardorframeworkthatsupportsothercircuitboards,devices,
andtheinterconnectionsamongdevices,andprovidespoweranddatasignalstosupported
devices.
backslash(n)~AcharacterusedtoseparatedirectorynamesinMS-DOSandUNIXpath
specifications.Whenusedasaleadingcharacter,itmeansthatthepathspecification
beginsfromthetopmostlevelforthatdiskdrive.
backspacegesture(n)~InTabletPCInputPanel,anactiongesturethatperformsthe
sameactionaspressingtheBACKSPACEkeyonthekeyboard.
BACKSPACEkey(n)~Akeyboardkeythatmovesthecursortotheleft,onecharacterat
atime,usuallyerasingeachcharacterasitmoves.
Backstageview(PN)~Afull-pageUIviewthatexposesfile-levelfunctionalityinOffice
applications.ThisisacompanionfeaturetotheOfficeRibbonandhelpsusersdiscover
andusethefeaturesthatfalloutsideoftheauthoringfeaturesontheRibbon.
backup(n)~Aduplicateofaprogram,adisk,ordata,madeeitherforarchivingpurposes
orforsafeguardingfiles.
Backup(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatletsyoumanagecloudbackupsbyusing
standardbackuptoolsinWindowsServer2012,WindowsServer2012Essentials,or
SystemCenter2012DataProtectionManager.
Backup&manage(PN)~TheUtilities&toolssubcategorycontainingappstobackup
yourpersonaldataandmanageit.
backupandrestore(n)~Theprocessofmaintainingbackupfilesandputtingthemback
ontothesourcemediumifnecessary.
backupbattery(n)~AnadditionalbatterysourceavailableinWindowsMobilepowered
devices.Itavoidsdatalossiftheprimarybatterylosespower.
backupbrowseserver(n)~AcomputeronaMicrosoftnetworkthatmaintainsalistof
computersandservicesavailableonthenetwork.Themasterbrowsersuppliesthelist.
ThebackupbrowserdistributestheBrowsingserviceloadtoaworkgroupordomain.
backupbrowser(n)~AcomputeronaMicrosoftnetworkthatmaintainsalistof
computersandservicesavailableonthenetwork.Themasterbrowsersuppliesthelist.
ThebackupbrowserdistributestheBrowsingserviceloadtoaworkgroupordomain.
backupcopy(n)~Aduplicateofaprogram,adisk,ordata,madeeitherforarchiving
purposesorforsafeguardingfiles.
backupdesignatedrouter(n)~AnOSPFrouterthatformsadjacencieswithallother
routersonamultipleaccessnetworkandbecomesthedesignatedrouterwhenthe
designatedrouterbecomesunavailable.
backupdevice(n)~Atapeordiskdrivecontainingabackupmedium.
backupfile(n)~Aduplicateofaprogram,adisk,ordata,madeeitherforarchiving
purposesorforsafeguardingfiles.
backupmediapool(n)~Alogicalcollectionofdata-storagemediathathasbeenreserved
forusebyMicrosoftWindowsBackup.BackupusesRemovableStoragetocontrolaccess
tospecificmediawithinalibrary.
backupmedium(n)~Diskfileortapeusedtoholdoneormorebackups.
BackupOperatorsgroup(n)~Atypeoflocalorglobalgroupthatcontainstheuser
rightsyouneedtobackupandrestorefilesandfolders.MembersoftheBackupOperators
groupcanbackupandrestorefilesandfoldersregardlessofownership,permissions,
encryption,orauditingsettings.
backupprivilege(n)~Auser’srighttoperformbackups.
backupset(n)~Acollectionoffiles,folders,andotherdatathathavebeenbackedupand
storedinafileorononeormoretapes.
backupshadowcopy(n)~AshadowcopyofareplicacreatedbytheDpmBackup
command-linetool.InDPM,backupshadowcopiesareusedtoarchivereplicastotape.
backupsnapshot(n)~Asnapshotofasite’sdata,createdbytheBackupConfiguration
ManagerSiteServertaskorbyanotherbackuputility.Thebackupsnapshotisusedduring
asiterecoveryprocesstorestorethesite’sdata.
BackupStorageforWindowsServer(n)~TheofferthatprovidesqualifiedWindows
Servercustomersupto800GBofAzureBackuppermonthatnochargefortwomonths.
backupwithholding(n)~AnIRStaxruleintheUnitedStatesthatrequiresnotified
payerstowithholdasetpercentagefrompaymentsmadetopayeeswhocannotbe
identifiedduetomissingorincorrecttaxpayeridentificationnumbersontaxforms.
Backup,backup~Abackupisanextracopyofyourwork,egdocuments,picturesetc,
savedontoaremovablestoragemediumsuchasCD,DVDormagnetictape,sothatif
yourcomputerisstolenorbreaksdownyoudon’tloseeverything.Backupisanoun,back
upisaverb.
Backus-Naurform(n)~Ametalanguageusedfordefiningthesyntaxofformal
languages,bothforthedeveloperofthelanguageandfortheuser.Alanguageisdefined
byasetofstatements,ineachofwhichalanguageelementknownasametavariable,
writteninanglebrackets,isdefinedintermsofactualsymbols(calledterminals)andother
metavariables(includingitselfifnecessary).
backwardcompatibility(n)~Thecapabilityofsourcecodeorprogramsdevelopedona
moreadvancedsystemorcompilerversiontobeexecutedorcompiledbyalessadvanced
(older)version.
backwardcompatible(Adverb)~Pertainingtoaproductorversionthatisableto
interactwithpreviousversions.
backwardextension(n)~Anrangethatisextendeddownward,usingsmallernumbers.
backwardpass(n)~Calculationoflatefinishandlatestartdatesforprojectactivities,
determinedbyworkingbackwardfromtheproject’sfinishdate.
backwardplanning(n)~Amethodfordeterminingaproductionschedulebybeginning
withthedatetheorderisrequiredtobereadyandworkingbackwardtothedatework
mustbegininordertomeettherequiredduedate.
backwardscheduling(n)~Amethodfordeterminingaproductionschedulebybeginning
withthedatetheorderisrequiredtobereadyandworkingbackwardtothedatework
mustbegininordertomeettherequiredduedate.
backwardslash(n)~AcharacterusedtoseparatedirectorynamesinMS-DOSandUNIX
pathspecifications.Whenusedasaleadingcharacter,itmeansthatthepathspecification
beginsfromthetopmostlevelforthatdiskdrive.
backward-compatible(Adverb)~Pertainingtoaproductorversionthatisableto
interactwithpreviousversions.
Backwards-compatible~Aprogram(orsystem)designedtoworkwithdatagenerated
byearlierversionsofitself,eventhoughtheformatmaysincehavechangedcompletely.
BACS(n)~Anautomatedclearinghousesystemforelectronicfinancialtransactions.
badblock(n)~Adisksectorthatcannotbeusedfordatastorage,usuallybecauseof
mediadamageorimperfections.Finding,marking,andavoidingbadsectorsonadiskis
oneofthemanytasksperformedbyacomputer’soperatingsystem.Adisk-formatting
utilitycanalsofindandmarkthebadsectorsonadisk.
baddebt(n)~Anaccountsreceivablethatwilllikelyremainuncollectableandwillbe
writtenoff.
BadLanguage(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbythePanEuropeanGaming
Information(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
badsector(n)~Adisksectorthatcannotbeusedfordatastorage,usuallybecauseof
mediadamageorimperfections.Finding,marking,andavoidingbadsectorsonadiskis
oneofthemanytasksperformedbyacomputer’soperatingsystem.Adisk-formatting
utilitycanalsofindandmarkthebadsectorsonadisk.
badsyntax(n)~Violationofoneormoreoftherulesgoverningformationofan
expression,resultinginunacceptabilityorillegality.
badword(n)~Aspecificwordorphrasethatisspecifiedonthebasisofanorganization’s
messsagingpolicyandusedinkeywordfiltering(contentfiltering)toidentifyandprevent
unwantede-mailmessagesfrombeingdeliveredtousersintheorganization.
badwordsupervisionpolicy(n)~E-mailpolicysettingsthatpreventsendingand
receivinge-mailthathasspecificallybannedcontent.Administratorscanusethispolicyto
rejecte-mailthatcontainsprofanityorotherobjectionablewords,alsoknownasbad
words’.’
badge(n)~Asmallicon,imageortitlethatisassociatedwithauser’snameandthat
providesavisualindicationoftheirrole,contributionlevel,orotherachievementor
affiliation.
badge(n)~Anindicationthatappearsonthelockscreenoratiletoinformtheuserof
recentactivityorupdates,suchasnumberofemailmessagesreceived,sincethePCwas
lockedortheappwaslastviewed.
badwill(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthefairmarketvalueandpurchasepriceofanasset,
whenthefairmarketvalueishigherthanthepricepaid.
bagsemantics(n)~Aformofsemanticsinwhichduplicatesareallowed.
BAIDU(PN)~AnoperatingsystemformobiledevicesbasedonGoogle’sAndroidasan
independentdevelopmentbyBaidu,thedominantsearchengineoperatorinChina.
bailor(n)~Apersonoranorganizationthattransferspersonalpropertyoritems,butnot
proprietaryrights,toanotherpersonororganizationforstoragepurposes.
BakerSupreme(n)~AskilllevelintheComfyCakesgame.Onceyouhavecompleteda
ComfyCakesgame,aplayergetsaskilllevelrankassignedautomaticallybythegame
(basedonthescoreyouhitduringthegame).
balance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthesumofdebitentriesandthesumofcreditentries
enteredintoanaccountduringafinancialperiod.
Balance(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtocompareorshowtherelationship
betweentwoideas.EachofthefirsttwolinesofLevel1textcorrespondstotextatthetop
ofonesideofthecenterpoint.EmphasizesLevel2text,whichislimitedtofourshapeson
eachsideofthecenterpoint.Thebalancetipstowardsthesidewiththemostshapes
containingLevel2text.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitch
layouts.
balance(n)~Theamountofeconomicresourcerequiredtobringoppositeeconomic
resourceflowstoastateofequilibrium.
balanceaccount(n)~Anaccountthatrecordstransactionsaboutassetsandliabilitiesand
thatisusedinthepreparationofthebalancesheet.
balancedue(n)~Theunpaidamountthatacustomerowesacreditor.
balancesheet(n)~Astatementofthefinancialpositionofanorganizationthatreportsthe
stateofassets,liabilities,andequityonaspecifieddate.
balancesheetaccount(n)~Anaccountthatdescribesthechangesinvaluereportedona
balancesheet.
balancesheettransaction(n)~Apostedledgertransactionthatisassociatedwitha
balanceaccount,assetaccount,orliabilityaccount.
balancedhierarchy(n)~Adimensionhierarchyinwhichallleafnodesarethesame
distancefromtherootnode.
balancedscorecard(n)~Abusiness-orientedscorecardthatconveyskeymetricsrelated
totheserviceandbusinessofprovidingservice.Abalancedscorecardcontainsabalance
ofoperational,financialandqualitydrivenmetrics.
balancedscorecard(n)~Astrategicperformancemanagementreportthataligns,tracks,
andmeasureskeyorganizationactivityagainstobjectives.
balancedscorecardmethodology(n)~Ascorecardsystemthatadherestotheframework
andcomponentsestablishedbytheBalancedScorecardCollaborative.
BallMode(n)~Atypeofthumbnailviewthatallowstheusertonavigatethroughthe
thumbnailsasiftheyweredisplayedaroundasphere;usercanusethedirectionkeysor
mousetorotate’thethumbnails.ThisisanoptionontheView/Thumbnailsmenuofthe
XPSViewer.’
Ballad(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#116.
balloon(n)~Anoutlinedcontainerthatdisplaysamarkupelement,suchasacommentor
revision,inthemarginofadocument.
balloon(n)~Asmallpop-upwindowthatinformsusersofanon-criticalproblemor
specialconditioninacontrol.
balloontip(n)~AToolTipstyledesigntoprovidemessageinformationaboutacontrolor
object.
BAM(PN)~Aservicethatallowsacustomertoviewandmanageaccountandbilling
informationforMicrosoftservicesonline.
BAM(n)~ABizTalkServerfeaturethatgivesbusinessusersareal-timeviewoftheir
heterogeneousbusinessprocesses,enablingthemtomakeimportantbusinessdecisions.
BAMDefinition(n)~AnXMLdocumentthatdescribesbusinessactivitiesandbusiness
views.
BAMEventBusMMC(n)~TheMMCsnap-infortheBAMEventBus.
BAMFramework(n)~AsetofmanagedAPIsthatsupportdynamicallycreated
infrastructureandeventconcentration.
BAML(n)~Abinaryrepresentationoftheobjectsandpropertiesdeclaredinan
ExtensibleApplicationMarkupLanguage(XAML)file.
bananaclip(n)~Oneofthetwopipe(|)charactersthatappearoneachsideofapatternto
indicatethatitisanactivepattern.
BancodoBrasil(PN)~AcommercialbankinBrazil.
band(n)~Theintervalbetweenstatusthresholdsthatdefineaspecificlevelof
performance.Allinputvaluesbetweentheupperandlowerthresholdsorboundariesofa
bandhavethesameindicatorstatusandperformancelevel.
band(n)~Acontainerforlabelandcontrolpairsandforcomplexcontrolssuchasgrids.
banded(adj)~Characterizedbyroworcolumn-specificformatting.Oftendescribesrows
orcolumnsofdatathatusealternatingcolorsorshadingtoenhancereadability.
banding(n)~Theuseofbandstorepresentrangesofperformancebasedonthresholds.
bandingsetting(n)~Asettingthatdefinesthresholds,orboundariesbetweenchangesin
indicatorstatus.
bandwidth(n)~Inanalogcommunications,thedifferencebetweenthehighestandlowest
frequenciesinaspecificrange.Forexample,ananalogtelephonelineaccommodatesa
bandwidthof3,000hertz(Hz),thedifferencebetweenthelowest(300Hz)andhighest
(3,300Hz)
bandwidth(n)~Thedatatransfercapacity,orspeedoftransmission,ofadigital
communicationssystemasmeasuredinbitspersecond(bps).
bandwidth~Ameasureoftotalamountofdatatransferredoveraperiodoftime,often
usedtomeasurehowbusyawebsiteis.A-webhostwillusuallybaseitschargesonthe
bandwidthawebsiteuses,iehowmuchdatapermonthisrequested-fromit.
bandwidthallocationprotocol(n)~APoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)controlprotocolthat
isusedonamultiprocessingconnectiontodynamicallyaddandremovelinks.
bandwidthshaping~Theprocessofmanipulating,managingorcontrolling(shaping)
portionsofanetworkconnectiontotheoutsideworldanddetermininganallowed
bandwidthconsumptionbasedontypesofactivities.
bandwidththrottling(n)~Theprocessofsettingthemaximumportionoftotalnetwork
capacitythataserviceisallowedtouse.Anadministratorcandeliberatelylimitaservers
Internetworkloadbynotallowingittoreceiverequestsatfullcapacity,thussaving
resourcesforotherprograms,suchase-mail.
bank(n)~Abusinessthatkeepsmoneyforindividualpeopleorcompanies,exchanges
currencies,makesloans,andoffersotherfinancialservices.
bank~Aslotorgroupofslots,usuallyonasystemboard(motherboard),thatare
populatedbymemorymodulesofthesamecapacity.
bank~Aslangtermforgeneralmemoryinacomputer;thememorybank.
bankadvice(n)~Anofficialnoticeofabanktransaction.
bankbalance(n)~Theamountoffundsinabankaccountafteraddingallthedeposits
andsubtractingallthewithdrawalsandcharges.
bankcode(n)~Auniquebankregistrationnumberthatabankusestoidentifyitself.
bankfee(n)~Achargemadebyabankbasedonaccountstatusoractivitysuchas
minimumbalance,overdrafts,ornonsufficientfunds.
bankgironumber(n)~Anaddressthatpointstoabankaccount.
bankpayment(n)~Apaymentforgoodsorservicesthatabankcustomerauthorizesthe
banktomakeonhisbehalf.
bankpaymentorder(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsarequestforabankto
performanelectronicfundstransferservice.
bankreconciliation(n)~Theprocessofmakingthecashbalanceshownonabank
statementandthecashbalancerecordedforabankaccountmatchasofacertaindate.
bankreconciliation(n)~Apracticeofreconcilingaledgeraccountthatrepresentsabank
accountbymatchingledgeraccountentriestobankstatemententries.
bankremittance(n)~Anamountofmoneysenttoorfromanaccountinabank.
banksortingcode(n)~A6-digitcodeusedbytheBritishandIrishbankingindustriesto
identifybanksandroutemoneytransfersbetweenbanks.
bankstatement(n)~Astatementthatitemizeseconomicactivityrecordedinoneormore
accountsoveraspecifiedperiodoftime.
banktransitnumber(n)~Auniquebankregistrationnumberthatabankusestoidentify
itself.
banker’srounding(n)~Theprocessofroundingafractiontoitsnearesteveninteger.
BankgiroReceivables(n)~AcompletedepositserviceproductfromBankGiroCentrolen,
whichprovidesaccountsreceivableanddeposithandlingsupportfororganizationsthat
useit.
BankGiroCentralen(n)~TheleadingpaymentcompanyinSweden,whichprocesses
paymenttransactionsinasystemcalledBankGirotandisownedbythemajorityofthe
banksthatoperateinSweden.
BankGirot(n)~Anopensystemforexchangingpaymentsbetweensendersandrecipients
ofpaymentsinSweden.
Banking&investments(PN)~ThePersonalFinancesubcategorycontainingappstohelp
peoplewiththeirfinances.
BanksAutomatedClearingSystem(n)~Anautomatedclearinghousesystemfor
electronicfinancialtransactions.
banner(n)~Agraphicadthatspansthefullwidthofthepageandisnormally120pixels
high.
banner(n)~Alarge-formatpublication,typicallywithonedimensionmuchlargerthan
theother,thatisprintedwithasymbol,logo,sloganorothermessage.
banner(n)~Atransientmessagethatcontainsrelevant,time-sensitiveinformationand
thatprovidesquickaccesstothesubjectofthatcontentinanapp.
bannerpage(n)~Thetitlepagethatmaybeaddedtoprintoutsbymostprintspoolers.
SuchapagetypicallyincorporatesaccountIDinformation,joblength,andprintspooler
information,andisusedprimarilytoseparateoneprintjobfromanother.
BAP(n)~APoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)controlprotocolthatisusedona
multiprocessingconnectiontodynamicallyaddandremovelinks.
BAPI(oth)~Thetechnologythatisusedtointerfacewiththetaxofficeserverfor
submittingelectronictaxdeclarationsintheNetherlands.
BAR(n)~Alistofaddressesthatservesasareferencepointforotheraddresses.
barchart(n)~Agraphthatuseshorizontalbarstoillustratecomparisonsamong
individualdataitems.
barchart(n)~Achartwithrectangularbarswithlengthsproportionaltothevaluesthat
theyrepresent.
barcode(n)~Thespecialidentificationcodeprintedasasetofverticalbarsofdiffering
widthsonbooks,groceryproducts,andothermerchandise.Usedforrapid,error-freeinput
insuchfacilitiesaslibraries,hospitals,andgrocerystores,barcodesrepresentbinary
informationthatcanbereadbyanopticalscanner.Thecodingcanincludenumbers,
letters,oracombinationofthetwo;somecodesincludebuilt-inerrorcheckingandcanbe
readineitherdirection.
barcodereader(n)~Anopticaldevicethatusesalaserbeamtoreadandinterpretbar
codes,suchastheUniversalProductCodes,foundongroceryproductsandotherretail
items.
barcodescanner(n)~Anopticaldevicethatusesalaserbeamtoreadandinterpretbar
codes,suchastheUniversalProductCodes,foundongroceryproductsandotherretail
items.
bargraph(n)~Agraphthatuseshorizontalbarstoillustratecomparisonsamong
individualdataitems.
barofpiechart(n)~Apiechartwithuser-definedvaluesextractedandcombinedintoa
stackedbar.
barpointer(n)~Apointerthatisdisplayedasabar,thatistowhichthebartypehasbeen
applied.
barcode(n)~Thespecialidentificationcodeprintedasasetofverticalbarsofdiffering
widthsonbooks,groceryproducts,andothermerchandise.Usedforrapid,error-freeinput
insuchfacilitiesaslibraries,hospitals,andgrocerystores,barcodesrepresentbinary
informationthatcanbereadbyanopticalscanner.Thecodingcanincludenumbers,
letters,oracombinationofthetwo;somecodesincludebuilt-inerrorcheckingandcanbe
readineitherdirection.
barebones(adj)~Anapplicationthatprovidesonlythemostbasicfunctionsnecessaryto
performagiventask.
bare-metalbackup(n)~Abackupthatincludesallcriticalvolumessothattherecovered
systemisbootable.Itcanoptionallyincludeallthedatavolumessothat,ifarecoveryis
performedtoanewharddisk,thedatavolumesalsogetrestored.Youcanrebuilda
machinefromscratchanditworksonalternatehardwaretoo.
bare-metalcomputer(n)~Acomputerthatdoesnothaveanoperatingsysteminstalled.
bare-metalrecovery(n)~Arecoveryofasystemusingabackupthatcontainscritical
volumesand,optionally,datafilesthatyoucanusetorebuildasystemfromscratchor
rebuildasystemusingalternatehardware.
BargainStocks(PN)~Fast-growingsmall-capstockswithhighdividendsthataregood
buys.
barrelbutton(n)~Abuttononsometabletpens.Youcanuseittoperformcertain
actions,includingamouseright-clickequivalent.
barter(n)~Theexchangeofgoodsandservicesforadvertisingwithouttheexchangeof
cash.Thebartervalueequalsthedollarvalueofthegoodsandservices.Thisisa
recognizedformofrevenueunderGAAP(GenerallyAcceptedAccountingPrinciples).
BAS(n)~ABizTalkServerfeaturethatenablesbusinessuserstoconfigurebusiness
processesandinteractwithtradingpartners.
BAS(n)~AformthatAustralianbusinessesfiletoreportandpaytaxes.
basalmetabolicrate(n)~Theamountofenergythatisneededtosupportthebody’smost
basicfunctionswhenatrest.TheBasalmetabolicrate(orBMR)isthenumberofcalories
apersonneedsperdaytostayalive.
base(n)~Amathematicalobjectthatisthebasisforaderivation,system,orformulation.
base2(n)~Havingtwocomponents,alternatives,oroutcomes.Thebinarynumbersystem
has2asitsbase,sovaluesareexpressedascombinationsoftwodigits,0and1.Thesetwo
digitscanrepresentthelogicalvaluestrueandfalseaswellasnumerals,andtheycanbe
representedinanelectronicdevicebythetwostatesonandoff,recognizedastwovoltage
levels.Therefore,thebinarynumbersystemisattheheartofdigitalcomputing.
Base64encoding(n)~Abinary-to-textencodingschemewherebyanarbitrarysequence
ofbytesisconvertedtoasequenceofprintableASCIIcharacters.
baseaddress(n)~Thepartofatwo-partmemoryaddressthatremainsconstantand
providesareferencepointfromwhichthelocationofabyteofdatacanbecalculated.
baseaddressregister(n)~Alistofaddressesthatservesasareferencepointforother
addresses.
baseamount(n)~Theamountofatransactionbeforetaxes.Taxesarecalculatedonthe
baseamount.
basebackup(n)~Adatabackupofadatabaseorfilesuponwhichadifferentialbackupis
fullyorpartiallybased.Thebasebackupisthemostrecentfullorfilebackupofthe
databaseorfiles.
basecalendar(n)~Atemplatethatcanbeusedasaprojectandtaskcalendartospecify
defaultworkingandnonworkingtimeforasetofresources.
BaseCapacity(n)~Theamountofavailabletimearesourcehastoworkbasedontheir
resourcebasecalendar.Thisisequivalenttothecapacityofthepositiontowhichthe
resourceisassigned.Forexample,aresourceina70%part-timepositionhasaBase
Capacityof.7FTE.Notveryusefulforschedulingbutofmorevalueindeterminingthe
maximumcapacityorcostofanorganization.
basecatalog(n)~Acatalogcontainingproductdatathatisreferencedbyavirtualcatalog.
Basecatalogsarestoredinthecatalogdatabase.
basecharacter(n)~Acharacterthathasmeaningindependentofothercharacters,orany
graphicalcharacterthatisnotadiacriticalmark.
baseclass(n)~Aclassfromwhichotherclassesarederivedbyinheritance.
baseclass(n)~Aclassthatassumesaparentrolewhenitparticipatesinaninheritance
relationshipwithanotherclass.
baseclasslibrary(n)~Alibrarythatcontainsbaseclasses.
basecontenttype(n)~AtypeofdatacontainedinaPKCS#7message.Basecontent
typesonlycontaindata,nocryptographicenhancementssuchashashesorsignatures.
Currently,theonlybasecontenttypeistheDatacontenttype.
basecurrency(n)~Thecurrencyabusinessusestorecordalltransactionsintheir
ledgers,ortheprimarycurrencyinwhichtheytransactwiththeirbank.Thebasecurrency
isalsocommonlyreferredtoasthebillingcurrency,functionalcurrency,orbooking
currencyofabusiness.TheOrderProcessingpipelinealwaysprocessesordersusingthe
basecurrencyoftheWebsite.Thebasecurrencycanbedifferentthanthebuyercurrency
andthesuppliercurrency.Thebasecurrencyisstoredinthebilling_currencyfieldinthe
orderformheader.
basecurrencyunit(n)~Thecomputedcurrencyunitinanexchangeratecalculation.
basedatatype(n)~Anysystem-supplieddatatype,forexample,char,varchar,binary,
andvarbinary.User-defineddatatypesarederivedfrombasedatatypes.
baseentity(n)~Agenericentitythatallotherentitiesinthesysteminheritbase
functionalityfrom.
basefilename(n)~Inalogdefinition,thepartofthelogfilenamethatisthesameforall
ofthelogfilesthatarecreated.Thebasefilenameandatimestampformthecompletelog
filename,forexample,Basefilename_timestamp.log.Thetimestampvaluevaries,
dependingontheselectedlogfilerolloveroption.
BaseFilteringEngine(n)~Aservicethatcoordinatesthefilteringplatformcomponents.
baseforecast(n)~Theestimateofsalesvolumebasedonthesalesvolumefromprevious
timeperiods.
baselanguage(n)~Thelanguageusedfortheinstallationofsoftware.
baselocation(n)~AURLthatyoucanspecifyforaWebpageinordertoconvertall
relativeURLsonthatpagetoabsoluteURLs.
baseobject(n)~Theobjectthatasynonymreferences.
baseperiod(n)~Thereportingperiodspecifiedinthereportdefinition.Thecolumn
definitioncanrefertothebaseperiodinordertospecifyreportcolumnsforrelativetime
periods.Forexample,ifthecolumndefinitionspecifiesBASEinthePeriodcell,thenthe
actualperiodisdefinedatthetimethereportisgenerated.
baserow(n)~Therowofareportthatisusedforpercentagecalculationsinacolumn
definition.
BaseSmartCardCryptographicServiceProvider(n)~Thebasicsoftwaremodulefor
bysmartcardsthatperformscryptographyandincludesalgorithmsforauthentication,
encoding,andencryption.
BaseSmartCardCSP(n)~Thebasicsoftwaremoduleforbysmartcardsthatperforms
cryptographyandincludesalgorithmsforauthentication,encoding,andencryption.
basestyle(n)~Theunderlyingororiginalstyleonwhichotherstylesinadocumentare
dependent.Whenyouchangeaformattingelementofthebasestyleinadocument,all
otherstylesthatoriginatefromthebasestylewillalsoreflectthechange.
basetable(n)~Atablestoredpermanentlyinadatabase.Basetablesarereferencedby
views,cursors,SQLstatements,andstoredprocedures.
basetable(n)~Atablethatassumesaparentrolewhenitparticipatesinaninheritance
relationshipwithanothertable.
basetype(n)~Aparenttypeorsuper-typeintheEntityDataModelfromwhichderived
typesinheritsomeoftheirproperties.
baseunit(n)~Afundamentalunitofmeasureinasystemofmeasurementfromwhich
otherunitsarederived.
baseunit(n)~ASurfacedeveloperunitthathasmetalpanels,withtheI/Oconnections
exposedononeendoftheunit.Incontrast,afinishedunithasacrylicsideandendpanels.
baseURL(n)~AURLthatyoucanspecifyforaWebpageinordertoconvertallrelative
URLsonthatpagetoabsoluteURLs.
baseyear(n)~Thereportingperiodthatisspecifiedinthereportdefinition,displayedas
years.Thecolumndefinitioncanrefertothebaseyeartospecifyreportcolumnsfor
relativetimeperiods.
baseband(n)~Oforrelatingtocommunicationssystemsinwhichthemediumof
transmission(suchasawireorfiber-opticcable)carriesasinglemessageatatimein
digitalform.BasebandcommunicationisfoundinlocalareanetworkssuchasEthernet
andTokenRing.
baseboardmanagementcontroller(n)~Aspecializedserviceprocessorthatmonitors
thephysicalstateofacomputer,networkserverorotherhardwaredeviceusingsensors
andcommunicatingwiththesystemadministratorthroughanindependentconnection.
TheBMCispartoftheIntelligentPlatformManagementInterface(IPMI)andisusually
containedinthemotherboardormaincircuitboardofthedevicetobemonitored.
BasedonLocation…(Adverb)~AnitemontheCallForwardingOnmenu,whichis
openedfromtheuser’sMyStatusmenu.Thisitemautomaticallyforwardsincomingcalls
basedontheuser’scurrentlocation.
baseline(n)~Theoriginalplanforaproject,aworkpackage,oranactivity.
baseline(n)~Arangeofmeasurementsderivedfromperformancemonitoringthat
representsacceptableperformanceundertypicaloperatingconditions.
baselinecost(n)~Theoriginalproject,resource,andassignmentcostasshowninthe
baselineplan.Thebaselinecostisasnapshotofthecostatthetimewhenthebaselineplan
wassaved.
baselineDC(n)~AdomaincontrollerusedasthecontrolforGroupPolicyObject(GPO)
replicationwithinthatdomaintowhichallGPOcontentiscompared.
baselinedomaincontroller(n)~AdomaincontrollerusedasthecontrolforGroupPolicy
Object(GPO)replicationwithinthatdomaintowhichallGPOcontentiscompared.
baselineguide(n)~Alayoutguidetowhichlinesoftextcanbealignedtoprovidea
uniformappearancebetweencolumnsoftext.
baselineplan(n)~Theoriginalprojectplans[upto11perproject]usedtotrackprogress
onaproject.Thebaselineplanisasnapshotofyourscheduleatthetimethatyousavethe
baselineandincludesinformationabouttasks,resources,andassignments.
Basic(adj)~AnAzureWebsitehostingtier,usedforpricingcalculation.
BasicApplicationGateway(Large)(n)~AbillingmeterfortheBasicApplication
GatewayserviceinAzurebasedonlongusagetime.
BasicApplicationGateway(Medium)(n)~AbillingmeterfortheBasicApplication
GatewayserviceinAzurebasedonmid-sizedusagetime.
BasicApplicationGateway(Small)(n)~AbillingmeterfortheBasicApplication
GatewayserviceinAzurebasedonshortusagetime.
Basicauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationmechanismthatissupportedbymost
browsers,includingInternetExplorer,andencodes(butdoesnotencrypt)usernameand
passworddatabeforetransmittingitoverthenetwork.
BasicBatch(n)~TheBasictierfortheMicrosoftAzureservicethatenableslarge
amountsofdiscrete,compute-intensivebatchesoftaskstobeeasilyexecutedinAzure.
Typicalworkloadsincludemediatranscoding,rendering,testsuiteexecution,simulations,
imageanalysis,andfileprocessing.
BasicBendingProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionor
sequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.Maximizesbothhorizontalandvertical
displayspaceforshapes.
BasicBizTalkunit(n)~Aunitofmeasureforthecomputecapacityandmemoryusedby
theBasictierofMicrosoftAzureBizTalkServices.
BasicBlockList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshownon-sequentialor
groupedblocksofinformation.Maximizesbothhorizontalandverticaldisplayspacefor
shapes.
basiccalibration(n)~Thecalibrationprocesstocapturetheblankreferenceimageand
whitereferenceimageforaSurfaceunit.
BasicChevronProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogression;a
timeline;sequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow;ortoemphasizemovementor
direction.Level1textappearsinsideanarrowshapewhileLevel2textappearsbelowthe
arrowshapes.
BasicColumns(n)~Agroupingofcolumnheadingsonareport.
basicconstraint(n)~Aconstraintusedtoensurethatacertificateisonlyusedincertain
applications.
BasicCycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtorepresentacontinuingsequenceof
stages,tasks,oreventsinacircularflow.Emphasizesthestagesorstepsratherthanthe
connectingarrowsorflow.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
basicdisk(n)~AphysicaldiskthatcanbeaccessedbyMS-DOSandallWindows-based
operatingsystems.Basicdiskscancontainuptofourprimarypartitions,orthreeprimary
partitionsandanextendedpartitionwithmultiplelogicaldrives.
BasicEventHubs(n)~TheBasictierofthefeatureinServiceBusthatprovideslarge-
scaleingestion,persistenceandprocessingofdataeventsfromhigh-throughputdata
sourcesand/ormillionsofdevices.Theingestedeventsarestoreddurablyuntilthe
requiredretentionperiodexpires.
BasicFirewall(n)~AcomponentoftheRoutingandRemoteAccessservicethat
combinesdynamicpacketfilteringofnetworktrafficwithasetofstaticpacketfilters.
basichuntgroup(n)~Thesimplestworkflowwhichhuntsoneormoreagentsusingany
administrator-definedagentselectionalgorithmandsupportsoverflowingbasedontimein
queueorcallvolume.
basicinput/outputsystem(n)~Thesetofessentialsoftwareroutinesthattestcomputer
hardwareatstartup,starttheoperatingsystem,andsupportthetransferofinformation
betweenhardwaredevices.TheBIOSisstoredinread-onlymemory(ROM)sothatitcan
berunwhenthecomputeristurnedon.Althoughcriticaltoperformance,theBIOSis
usuallyinvisibletocomputerusers.
BasicLargeAppServiceHours(n)~AnewnameforLargeBasicWebsitesHours,a
billingmeterfortheMicrosoftAzureWebSitesservicebasedonlongusagetime.
basiclogging(n)~Atypeofloggingavailabletocaptureinformationaboutmailbox
searchesthatincludesinformationaboutthesearchandwhoperformedit.
basicmarkermap(n)~Amapthatdisplaysamarkerateachlocation(forexample,
cities)andvariesmarkercolor,size,andtype.
BasicMatrix(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowtherelationshipof
componentstoawholeinquadrants.ThefirstfourlinesofLevel1textappearinthe
quadrants.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
BasicMediumAppServiceHours(n)~AnewnameforMediumBasicWebsitesHours,
abillingmeterfortheMicrosoftAzureWebSitesservicebasedonmid-sizedusagetime.
basicmembership(n)~Themembershipstatusthatconfigurestheanti-malware
applicationtosendbasicinformationtoMicrosoftaboutsoftwarethatWindowsIntune
EndpointProtectiondetects.
BasicMobileServicesunit(n)~AunitofmeasurefortheBasictieroftheMicrosoft
AzureMobileServicesservice.
BasicNotificationHubunit(n)~AunitofmeasurefortheBasictieroftheMicrosoft
AzureNotificationHubsservice.
BasicNotificationHubs(n)~heBasictierofthehighlyscalable,cross-platformpush
notificationinfrastructurethatenablesuserstoeitherbroadcastpushnotificationsto
millionsofusersatonceortailornotificationstoindividualusers.
basicpage(n)~AWebPartspagethatcontainsonlyoneWebPartzoneand,bydefault,a
ContentEditorWebPart.
BasicPie(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowhowindividualpartsforma
whole.ThefirstsevenlinesofLevel1textcorrespondtotheevenlydistributedwedgeor
pieshapes.ThetopLevel1textshapeappearsoutsideoftherestofthepieforemphasis.
Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
BasicProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionorsequential
stepsinatask,process,orworkflow.
BasicPyramid(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowproportional,
interconnected,orhierarchicalrelationshipswiththelargestcomponentonthebottomand
narrowingup.Level1textappearsinthepyramidsegmentsandLevel2textappearsin
shapesalongsideeachsegment.
BasicRadial(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowtherelationshiptoacentral
ideainacycle.ThefirstlineofLevel1textcorrespondstothecentralshape,anditsLevel
2textcorrespondstothesurroundingcircularshapes.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,but
remainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
BasicSmallAppServiceHours(n)~AnewnameforSmallBasicWebsitesHours,a
billingmeterfortheMicrosoftAzureWebSitesservicebasedonshortusagetime.
basicstorage(n)~AstoragemethodinMS-DOSandWindowsforprimarypartitions,
extendedpartitions,andlogicaldrives.
BasicTarget(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowcontainment,gradations,or
hierarchicalrelationships.ThefirstfivelinesofLevel1textareassociatedwithacircle.
Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
BasicTimeline(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowsequentialstepsinatask,
process,orworkflow,ortoshowtimelineinformation.WorkswellwithbothLevel1and
Level2text.
BasicTitle(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Basicuser(n)~AunitofmeasureforusersoftheVisualStudioOnlineBasicservice
offering.
BasicVenn(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowoverlappingorinterconnected
relationships.ThefirstsevenlinesofLevel1textcorrespondwithacircle.Ifthereare
fourorfewerlinesofLevel1text,thetextisinsidethecircles.Iftherearemorethanfour
linesofLevel1text,thetextisoutsideofthecircles.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,but
remainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
BasicVMSupporthour(n)~AunitofmeasureoftimefortheBasiclevelofsupportfor
avirtualmachine.
basicvolume(n)~Aprimarypartitionorlogicaldrivethatresidesonabasicdisk.
Basics(PN)~ThepartofaYammerprofilethatshowsauser’sfirstandlastname,email
address,andphotograph.
basket(n)~AlistofitemsthatacustomerhasselectedtopurchasefromacommerceWeb
site.Itisusuallycompiledintoafileandsometimesvisuallyrepresentedbyashopping
basket,shoppingcart,orothercontainerusedwhenshopping.
batch(n)~Asetofrequestsortransactionsthathavebeengroupedtogether.
batch(n)~Aquantityofoneormoreitemsproducedinoneoperation.
Batch(PN)~AMicrosoftAzureservicethatenableslargeamountsofdiscrete,compute-
intensivebatchesoftaskstobeeasilyexecutedinAzure.Typicalworkloadsincludemedia
transcoding,rendering,testsuiteexecution,simulations,imageanalysis,andfile
processing.
Batchaccount(n)~AuniquelyidentifiedentitywithintheBatchservice.
batchattribute(n)~Aproductattributeofaprocessbatchoratransferbatch.
batchbalancing(n)~Aprocessthatadjuststherequiredquantitiesofingredientsthatare
usedintheproductionofaformulabasedonthelevelofpotencyofactiveingredientofa
specificinventorybatch.
batchfile(n)~AnASCII(unformattedtext)filethatcontainsoneormoreoperating
systemcommands.Abatchprogram’sfilenamehasa.cmdor.batextension.Whenyou
typethefilenameatthecommandprompt,orwhenthebatchprogramisrunfromanother
program,itscommandsareprocessedsequentially.
batchgroup(n)~Agroupofbatchjobs.Anadministratorcandeterminewhich
applicationobjectserver(AOS)runsthejobs,andhowmanyjobsanAOSruns.
batchjob(n)~Asetofcomputerprocessesthatcanberunwithoutuserinteraction.
batchprocess(n)~Aproductionprocessforproducingitemsinbatches.
batchprocessing(n)~Theexecutionofabatchfile.
batchprogram(n)~AnASCII(unformattedtext)filethatcontainsoneormoreoperating
systemcommands.Abatchprogram’sfilenamehasa.cmdor.batextension.Whenyou
typethefilenameatthecommandprompt,orwhenthebatchprogramisrunfromanother
program,itscommandsareprocessedsequentially.
batchrename(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertorenamemanyfilesatonce.
batchscript(n)~Ascriptthatconsistsofthecommandscontainedinabatchfile.
batchtask(n)~Oneofasetoftasksthatmakeupabatchjob.Thetaskswithinabatch
jobmayhavecomplexdependenciesbetweenthem.
batchupdate(n)~Anupdatethatprocessesmultipledatabaserecordsinasingle
operation.
batching(n)~Theprocessofsendingchangesinsmallgroupsinsteadofinaone-shot
transferofthedatainitsentirety.
battery(n)~Apowersourceforaportabledevice.
batterycharge(n)~Theamountofbatterypowerleftonthesystem.
batterylevel(n)~Theamountofbatterypowerleftonthesystem.
batterylife(n)~Thetimeforwhichadryoralkalinecellisabletoproduceanelectric
currentbeforeitneedstobereplaced.
batterylife(n)~Thetimeforwhichthecell(s)inarechargeablebatterycanproducean
electriccurrentbeforethebatteryneedstoberecharged.
BatterySaver(PN)~Afeaturetohelpmonitorandsaveonbatteryusage.
batterysaver(PN)~Afeaturetohelpmonitorandsaveonbatteryusage.
battery-friendlymaintenance(n)~AfeaturethatenablesITprofessionalstowake
mobilesystemsforservicingbyusingatimerthatactivatesonlywhenthecomputeris
pluggedin.Usingthisfeature,Windowsrunsmaintenanceonlyifthecomputerisusing
ACpower.
baud(n)~Thespeedatwhichamodemtransmitsdata.
baudrate(n)~Thespeedatwhichamodemcantransmitdata,measuredbythenumber
ofevents,orsignalchanges,thatoccurinonesecond.
BaudRate~Thespeedatwhichamodemsendsandreceivesdata,e.g.,2400bps,9600
bps.Onebaudisroughlyequivalenttoonebitpersecond.
BayesianGraphicalModel(n)~Aprobabilisticmethodofmodelingforriskanalysisto
measureandreduceuncertainty.
BBBOnLine(n)~AprivacysealprogramestablishedbytheBetterBusinessBureau
whichcertifiesthatcertainWebsitesconformtobaselineprivacystandards.Microsoftisa
sponsorofBBBOnLine.
BBFC12+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGaming
Information(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
BBFC15+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheBritishBoardofFilm
Classification(BBFC).
BBFC18+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGaming
Information(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
BBFCR18+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheBritishBoardofFilm
Classification(BBFC).
BBS(n)~Anapplicationorcomputerthatmakesitpossibletojoinanonlinecommunity
andexchangemessages,sharefiles,andparticipateinUsenetandchatrooms,oftenatnot
cost.TheBBSfounditsinspirationintraditionalbulletinboardsthatheldparticipants’
postedcommunication.
Bccline(n)~TextboxlocatedontheComposepage.Providesspaceforuserstotypethe
e-mailaddress(es)ofthosewhowillbetheblind’recipient(s)ofane-mailmessage.
Derivesfromthetermblindcarboncopy.Note!Primaryrecipients(thoseontheToline)
andsecondaryrecipients(thoseontheCcline)willnotseethenamesande-mail
addressesofthoseontheBccline.’
BCD(n)~Adatastorethatcontainsbootconfigurationparametersandcontrolshowthe
operatingsystemisstartedbeginningwithWindowsVistaorWindowsServer2008.
BCDobject(n)~Acollectionofelementsthatdescribesthesettingsfortheobjectthatare
usedduringthebootprocess.Therearethreemaintypesofobjects:application,device,
andinherited.
BCG(n)~Aserumagainsttuberculosisthatispreparedfromastrainoftheweakenedlive
bovinetuberculosisbacillusandusedforvaccinationagainsttuberculosisandalsoin
cancerchemotherapy.
BCP(n)~AcommandpromptbulkcopyutilitythatcopiesSQLServerdatatoorfroman
operatingsystemfileinauser-specifiedformat.
BCSsolutiondeployment(n)~BCSservertoclientsolutiondeploymentthatisbasedon
ClickOncetechnology.
BCWP(n)~Theearnedvaluefieldthatindicateshowmuchofthetask’sbudgetshould
havebeenspent,giventheactualdurationofthetask.
BCWS(n)~Theearnedvaluefieldthatshowshowmuchofthebudgetshouldhavebeen
spent,inviewofthebaselinecostofthetask,assignment,orresource.BCWSis
calculatedasthecumulativetimephasedbaselinecostsuptothestatusdateortoday’s
date.
BDCAdministrationobjectmodel(n)~Anobjectmodelthatletsyou-create,read,
update,anddeletemetadataobjectsintheBDCMetadataStore.
BDCClientRuntime(PN)~AsetofservicesandfunctionsthatusesBusiness
ConnectivityServicesontheclientcomputertoconnecttoandexecuteoperationson
externaldatasourcesforrichclientaccess.
BDCMetadataStore(PN)~ThecollectionofXMLfiles,storedintheBusinessData
ConnectivityService,thatcontaindefinitionsofmodels,externalcontenttypes,and
externaldatasources.
BDCmodel(n)~AnXMLfilethatcontainssetsofdescriptionsofoneormoreexternal
contenttypes,theirrelatedexternaldatasources,andinformationthatisspecifictothe
environment,suchasauthenticationproperties.
BDCpublishing(n)~TheprocessofsimultanouslyimportingallDuetBDCmodels.
BDCRuntimeobjectmodel(n)~AnobjectmodeldesignedforusebyBDCclientsand
applicationsthatprovidesanintuitive,object-orientedinterfacethatabstractsthe
underlyingdatasources.
BDCServiceApplication(n)~AdeployedinstanceoftheBusinessDataConnectivity
SharedService.
BDCServiceApplicationProxy(PN)~AnapplicationproxythatallowsWeb
applicationstoconnecttoaBusinessDataConnectivitySharedServiceApplicationand
containsfeaturesforusingthesharedservice.
BeRightBack(PN)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthatcanbeselectedto
indicatethattheuserisawayfromthecomputerbutwillreturnshortly.
beacon(n)~Asnippetofsoftwareplacedinanadvertisementore-mailmessage,orona
WebpagetohelpmeasuredeliveryoftheitemtoaWebbrowserandtotrackauser’s
actionsingeneral.
beacon(n)~AsignalthattellsyourXboxLiveandFacebookfriendsthatyouwantto
playaparticulargame,andnotifiesyouwhenfriendsareplayingorwanttoplaythat
game.
beam(v)~Totransferinformationbetweenmobiledevicesoradeviceanddesktop
computerusinginfrared(IR)orBluetooth.
bearerchannel(n)~Oneofthe64Kbpscommunicationschannelsthatcarrydataonan
ISDNcircuit.ABRI(BasicRateInterface)ISDNlinehastwoBchannelsandoneD
(data)channel.APRI(PrimaryRateInterface)ISDNlinehas23Bchannels(inNorth
America)or30Bchannels(inEurope)andoneDchannel.
Beat(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#135.
beat-‘em-up~Acomputergameinwhichyoucontroloneormorecharactersfighting
onscreenusingkarate,kung-fuandsoforth.Derivesfrom-shoot-‘em-up.
beatsperminute(n)~Thenumberofheartbeatsperminute.
Bebob(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#85.
beforeevent(n)~Asynchronouseventwhosehandlerrunscompletelybeforetheaction
thatraisedtheeventstarts.
begindate(n)~Thedatewhenaprojectortaskisscheduledtobegin.
beginpoint(n)~Theselectionhandleatthebeginningofaone-dimensional(1-D)shape.
ThebeginpointismarkedbyanX.
begintime(n)~Thetimeatwhichananimationtimelineshouldbegin,relativetoits
parent’sBeginTime.Ifthistimelineisaroottimeline,thetimeisrelativetoitsinteractive
begintime(themomentatwhichthetimelinewastriggered).
beginpoint(n)~AproviderinaWebPartconnectionthatsendsdatatoconsumers,used
inconnectionsforPerformancePointWebParts.
behavior(n)~Acomponentthatcontrolsvariousrun-timeaspectsofaservice,an
endpoint,aparticularoperation,oraclient.Behaviorsaregroupedaccordingtoscope:
commonbehaviorsaffectallendpointsglobally,servicebehaviorsaffectonlyservice-
relatedaspects,endpointbehaviorsaffectonlyendpoint-relatedproperties,andoperation-
levelbehaviorsaffectparticularoperations.
behaviorextensionelement(v)~AnXMLelementinaconfigurationfilethatallowsyou
toconfigureaservicebehavior.
behavioralanalysis(n)~Functionsthatenableuserstotracktheonlineactivityof
prospects,customers,andalltypesofInternetusers.
behaviors(n)~Reusablecomponentsthatencapsulateinteractivebehaviorandcanbe
appliedtoobjectsinanapplication.Abehaviormaycontainsomestate,andmayexpose
oneormorecommands.
Belastingdienst(n)~TheDutchTaxOffice.
Belastingdienstapplicationprogramminginterface(n)~Thetechnologythatisusedto
interfacewiththetaxofficeserverforsubmittingelectronictaxdeclarationsinthe
Netherlands.
bellcontour(n)~Acontourthatfollowsthegeneralshapeofabellcurve.
benchmark(n)~Aquantitativemeasureofperformancethatisusedtocomparethe
company’sproducts,services,orprocessestoanexternalstandard.Competitive
benchmarksarebasedonindustrybest,andprocessbenchmarksarebasedonbestinclass.
benchmark/benchmarking~acomputerprogramusedtotesttheperformanceofa
computerorapieceofsoftware.
benchmark/benchmarking~Measuringperformancequalities(suchasefficiencyor
spending)ofenterpriseorganizationsorprocesses(suchIS)againstcomparative
benchmarks.
BendingPictureAccentList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshownon-
sequentialorgroupedblocksofinformation.Thesmallcircularshapesaredesignedto
containpictures.WorkswellforillustratingbothLevel1andLevel2text.Maximizes
bothhorizontalandverticaldisplayspaceforshapes.
beneficiary(n)~Apersonwhoisamemberofanorganizationthatprovidesbenefits,ora
partywhoisdesignatedastherecipientabenefit.
beneficiarycorrespondentaccount(n)~A20-digitnumberusedtoidentifyaCentral
BankofRussianFederationaccountneededtofacilitateinternationaltransactions.
beneficiaryINN(n)~A10-12digitnumberusedtoidentifyindividualandorganizational
taxpayersintheRussianFederationreceivingfundsthroughaninternationaltransaction.
beneficiaryKPP(n)~AnumericalcodeusedincombinationwithabeneficiaryINNto
identifyandcategorizeataxpayeridentityintheRussianFederation.
beneficiaryRUT(n)~An8or9-digitnumberissuedtoallindividualsandorganizations
inChileforidentificationandtaxationpurposesduringaninternationalfinancial
transaction.
benefit(n)~Indirectcompensationorrewardofferedbyanorganization.
Benefit/deductions(PN)~AUIelementthatallowsausertospecifythetypeofchargeor
servicethatispaidforbytheemployee,bytheemployer,orbyboththeemployeeand
employer.Benefit/deductionspaidbyanemployerarecalculatedduringthepayment
processandthencapturedforreportingandremittancepurposes.
BerkeleyInternetNameDomain(n)~AnimplementationofDomainNameSystem
(DNS)writtenandportedtomostavailableversionsoftheUNIXoperatingsystem.The
InternetSoftwareConsortiummaintainstheBINDsoftware.
BerkeleySoftwareDistribution(n)~AUNIXversiondevelopedattheUniversityof
CaliforniaatBerkeley,providingadditionalcapabilitiessuchasnetworking,extra
peripheralsupport,anduseofextendedfilenames.BSDUNIXwasinstrumentalin
gainingwidespreadacceptanceofUNIXandingettingacademicinstitutionsconnectedto
theInternet.BSDUNIXisnowbeingdevelopedbyBerkeleySoftwareDesign,Inc.
Besselfunction(n)~Aworksheetfunctionthatcanbeusedtoperformengineering
calculationsinExcel.
bestbeforedate(n)~Arecommendeddateforobtainingtheoptimumqualityor
characteristicofaproduct.
bestbeforeperiod(n)~Thetimeperiodinwhichtoobtaintheoptimumqualityor
characteristicofaproduct.
BestBet(PN)~Contentorlinksthatanadministratorassociateswithspecifickeywords,
andthataredisplayedprominentlyinsearchresultswhenaquerycontainsoneofthose
keywords.
BestBetSuggestionsreport(n)~AWebanalyticsreportthatidentifiestermsthatshould
becomeBestBets.
BestBetUsagereport(n)~AWebanalyticsreportthatidentifiestheBestBettermsand
howtheyareutilizedbythesystem.
bestpractice(n)~Apracticerecognizedandadvocatedasaneffectiveorefficientmeans
ofachievingdesiredobjectives.
bestpractice~Agroupoftasksthatoptimizestheefficiencyoreffectivenessofthe
businessdisciplineorprocesstowhichitcontributes.Bestpracticesaregenerally
adaptableandreplicableacrosssimilarorganizationsorenterprises.
bestpracticerule(n)~ArulethatisoptionallyenforcedaftercompilationinX++.The
rulesrepresentsafeorconsistentcodedesign.
BestPracticesAnalyzer(PN)~Atoolwhichexaminesasystemconfigurationandthe
settingsagainstasetofpre-definedrulestogeneratealistofissuesoutlininganybest
practiceviolationsitfinds.
Bestrated(PN)~Thecategorythatliststhehighestrateditems(appsorgames)atagiven
pointintime.
BestRatedApps(PN)~Thecategorythatliststhehighestrateditems(appsorgames)at
agivenpointintime.
Bestratedapps(PN)~Thecategorythatliststhehighestrateditems(appsorgames)ata
givenpointintime.
BestRatedGames(PN)~Thecategorythatliststhehighestrateditems(appsorgames)
atagivenpointintime.
Bestratedgames(PN)~Thecategorythatliststhehighestrateditems(appsorgames)at
agivenpointintime.
best-effort~Describesanetworksystemthatdoesnotuseasophisticated
acknowledgmentsystemtoguaranteereliabledeliveryofinformation.
beta(adj)~Oforrelatingtosoftwareorhardwarethatisabeta.
beta~Softwarethat’sstillinthetestingstagenotquitereadyforwiderelease.Duringa
betatestusersreportbugsbacktothedevelopers.
bevel(n)~Athree-dimensionaledgeeffectthatisappliedtotheborderofanobject.
beveljoin(n)~Thejoinstylewheretwolinesjoinatananglecreatingastraightedge
cuttingoffthecorner.
Beziercurve(n)~Acurvethatiscalculatedmathematicallytoconnectseparatepoints
intosmooth,free-formcurvesandsurfacesofthetypeneededforillustrationprograms
andCADmodels.Beziercurvesneedonlyafewcontrolpointstodefinealargenumber
ofshapes—hencetheirusefulnessoverothermathematicalmethodsforapproximatinga
givenshape.
Bezierpath(n)~Avectorpathdefinedbyanchorpointsandpathsegmentsbetweenthose
points.
Bezierspline(n)~Asplinedefinedbyfourpoints:astartpoint,twocontrolpointsthat
influencethecurves,andanendpoint.
BFE(n)~Aservicethatcoordinatesthefilteringplatformcomponents.
b-frame(n)~InMPEGandWMVencoding,aframethatcontainsonlythedifferences
fromtheframeprecedingitandtheframefollowingit.
BGMax(n)~ThepaymentimportfileformatusedbytheBankgiroReceivablesproduct.
BGC(oth)~TheleadingpaymentcompanyinSweden,whichprocessespayment
transactionsinasystemcalledBankGirotandisownedbythemajorityofthebanksthat
operateinSweden.
BGM(n)~Aprobabilisticmethodofmodelingforriskanalysistomeasureandreduce
uncertainty.
BGPpeer(n)~ApeerconnectedtootherpeersontheBorderGatewayProtocollevel.
BGPpeering(n)~TheprocessofrouteexchangebetweenpeersviatheBorderGateway
Protocol.
BHO(n)~Anin-processComponentObjectModel(COM)componentthatInternet
Explorerwillloadeachtimeitstarts;itrunsinthesamememorycontextasthebrowser
andcanperformactionsontheavailablewindowsandmodules.
bias(n)~Inmathematics,anindicationoftheamountbywhichtheaverageofagroupof
valuesdeviatesfromareferencevalue.
bicubic(adj)~Arenderingmethodusedtomapasourceimagetoatargetimage.This
methodusestheweightedaverageofthesixteennearestsourcepixelstodefineatarget
pixel.
bicubicfiltering(adj)~Arenderingmethodusedtomapasourceimagetoatargetimage.
Thismethodusestheweightedaverageofthesixteennearestsourcepixelstodefinea
targetpixel.
bid(n)~Thepriceatwhichabuyerhasofferedtopurchaseanitem.
bid~Anattempttogaincontroloveralineinordertotransmitdata.Usuallyassociated
withcontentionstyleofsharingasinglelineamongseveralterminals.
biddedkeyword(n)~Insearchadvertising,thesearchtermthatyoubidontomakeyour
adappearonthecorrespondingsearchresultspage.
bidi(adj)~Pertainingtoamixtureofcharactersthatarereadfromlefttorightand
charactersthatarereadfromrighttoleft.
bidirectional(adj)~Pertainingtoamixtureofcharactersthatarereadfromlefttoright
andcharactersthatarereadfromrighttoleft.
bidirectionalprediction(n)~Acompressiontechniqueinwhichsomeimagesare
predictedfromthepictureimmediatelyprecedingandfollowingtheimage.
bidirectionalpredictiveframe(n)~InMPEGandWMVencoding,aframethatcontains
onlythedifferencesfromtheframeprecedingitandtheframefollowingit.
bidirectionalsupport(n)~Theabilityforaprintertosupportbidirectionalprinting.
bifurcation(n)~Theactofsplittingasinglecopyofamessagetomultiplecopiesofthe
message.
BigBand(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#96.
BigBlue~AslangnameforIBM.BlueisIBM’scorporatecolor.
bigendian(adj)~Pertainingtoaprocessormemoryarchitecturethatstoresnumbersso
thatthemostsignificantbyteisplacedfirst.
bigint(n)~Anintegerdatatypewithavaluefrom-2^63(-9223372036854775808)
through2^63-1(9223372036854775807).
BIK(n)~Aseriesof9digitsusedtoidentifyRussianFederationbanksforrouting
transactions.
Bilevel~Atypeofimagecontainingonlyblackandwhitepixels.
bilinear(n)~Arenderingmethodusedtomapasourceimagetoatargetimage.This
methodusestheweightedaverageofthefournearestsourcepixelstodefineatargetpixel.
bilinearfiltering(n)~Arenderingmethodusedtomapasourceimagetoatargetimage.
Thismethodusestheweightedaverageofthefournearestsourcepixelstodefineatarget
pixel.
bilingualglossary(n)~Analphabeticallistoftechnicaltermsinsomespecializedfieldof
knowledgethatincludestermsintwolanguages.
bill(n)~Arequestforpaymentforproductsand/orservicessold.
billofexchange(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsanunconditionalrequestfora
third-partytopayasecondpartyondemand.
billoflading(n)~Abusinessdocumentissuedbyacarriertoashipperthatservesasthe
documentoftitle.
billofmaterialversion(n)~Aspecificconfigurationofabillofmaterial(BOM)to
includeanitem.AnitemcanbeassociatedwithanumberofBOMversions.
billofmaterials(n)~Alistofthecomponentsandsubassembliesneededtobuildoneunit
ofaproduct.Abillofmaterialsalsoshowsquantitiesforeachcomponent.
billofmaterials(n)~Alistofproductsandtheirquantitiesthatarerequiredtoproduce
oneproduct.
billofmaterialsexplosion(n)~Theprocessofidentifyingthecomponents,andtheir
quantities,thatarerequiredtoproduceanitem.
billofmaterialsitem(n)~Anitemizedproductdefinedbyabillofmaterials.
billabletime(n)~Anamountoftimeinwhichworkorataskisperformed.A
client/customercanbechargedforthetimespentperformingthetask.
billfold(n)~Apapersizeof95.25mmx171.45mm.
Billing(n)~AbuttonorotherUIelementthatlinkstobilling-relatedinformation.
Billing(PN)~Anavigationbaritemthatlinkstobilling-relatedinformation.
billing(n)~Pertainingtoarequestforpayment.
billingaccount(n)~Anaccountwherecustomersmanagetheirpayments,dues,
invoicing,andcontactinformationforpaidMicrosoftservices.Theseaccountsare
managedontheBillingandAccountManagementwebsite.
billingaddress(n)~Theaddresstowhichtheinvoiceforproductsorderedshouldbesent.
billingaddressinformation(n)~Thecompletesetofbill-toaddressinformationthat
makesupthefullpostaladdress.
billingadministrator(n)~AMicrosoftOnlineServicesadministratorwhocanmake
purchases,managesubscriptions,managesupporttickets,andmonitorserviceshealth.
billingclassification(n)~Apaymentrequestclassifierdocumentedoncustomerinvoices
thatgovernpaymenttermsandconditionsandtheprocessingoftheinvoices.
billingfrequency(n)~Thefrequencythatabillingcyclewillbeusedtocreatebilling
invoicesforacustomer.
billinginformation(n)~Information,suchasname,billingaddress,andpayment
method,relatedtopayingforaccountservices.
BillingManager(n)~AbuttonorotherUIelementthatlinkstobilling-related
information.
billion(n)~InAmericanusage(asisusualwithmicrocomputers),athousandmillion,or
109.Computerterminologyusestheprefixesgiga-for1billionandnano-for1billionth.
bill-toaddress(n)~Theaddresstowhichtheinvoiceforproductsorderedshouldbesent.
bin(n)~Ahandlingunitforstoringandtransferringitems.
BIN2(PN)~Thesuffixforcollationnamesthatimplementthecode-pointcollation
semantics.
binary(adj)~Havingtwocomponents,alternatives,oroutcomes.Thebinarynumber
systemhas2asitsbase,sovaluesareexpressedascombinationsoftwodigits,0and1.
Thesetwodigitscanrepresentthelogicalvaluestrueandfalseaswellasnumerals,and
theycanberepresentedinanelectronicdevicebythetwostatesonandoff,recognizedas
twovoltagelevels.Therefore,thebinarynumbersystemisattheheartofdigital
computing.
binary(n)~Afixed-lengthdatatypewithamaximumlengthof8,000bytesofbinary
data.
Binary~Anumberingsystemwithonlytwovalues:0(zero)and1(one).
BinaryApplicationMarkupLanguage(n)~Abinaryrepresentationoftheobjectsand
propertiesdeclaredinanExtensibleApplicationMarkupLanguage(XAML)file.
binaryassociation(n)~Inastaticstructurediagram,arelationshipbetweenexactlytwo
classes.Youcanaddnameandstereotypepropertiestoabinaryassociation.Thepoint
whereabinaryassociationconnectstoaclassisanassociationendorrole.
binarybehavior(n)~AcomponentattachedtoHTMLelementswhichencapsulate
specificfunctionality.
binarycollation(n)~Acollationwheredataissortedbasedonthesequenceofcoded
valuesdefinedbythelocaleanddatatype.
binarydeltareplication(n)~AConfigurationManagerprocessthatcopies-onlythe
changedportionsofapackageorcontent-fileratherthantheentirefilewhenanupdate
hasbeenmade.
binarydigit(n)~Thesmallestunitofinformationhandledbyacomputerordevice.One
bitexpressesa1ora0inabinarynumeral,oratrueorfalselogicalcondition.Agroupof
8bitsmakesupabyte,whichcanrepresentmanytypesofinformation,suchasaletterof
thealphabet,adecimaldigit,orothercharacter.
binaryfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsencodedinformationthatisinterpretedaccordingto
theapplicationthatcreatedit.Ingeneral,abinaryfilecanbeeditedonlybythe
applicationinwhichitwascreated.
binarylargeobject(n)~Adiscretepacketofbinarydatathathasanexceptionallylarge
size,suchaspicturesoraudiotracksstoredasdigitaldata,oranyvariableortablecolumn
largeenoughtoholdsuchvalues.Thedesignationbinarylargeobject’typicallyreferstoa
packetofdatathatisstoredinadatabaseandistreatedasasequenceofuninterpreted
bytes.’
binarynotation(n)~Representationofnumbersusingthebinarydigits,0and1.
binarynumber(n)~Anumberexpressedinbinaryform,orbase.
binaryplanting(n)~Anattackthattricksanapplicationintoloadingamaliciouslibrary
whenitthinksit’sloadingatrustedlibrary.
binarysearch(n)~Atypeofsearchalgorithmthatseeksanitem,withaknownname,in
anorderedlistbyfirstcomparingthesoughtitemtotheitematthemiddleofthelist’s
order.Thesearchthendividesthelistintwo,determinesinwhichhalfoftheorderthe
itemshouldbe,andrepeatsthisprocessuntilthesoughtitemisfound.
binarytransfer(n)~Thepreferredmodeofelectronicexchangeforexecutablefiles,
applicationdatafiles,andencryptedfiles.
binarytree(n)~Inprogramming,aspecifictypeoftreedatastructureinwhicheachnode
hasatmosttwosub-trees,oneleftandoneright.Binarytreesareoftenusedforsorting
information;eachnodeofthebinarysearchtreecontainsakey,withvalueslessthanthat
keyaddedtoonesubtreeandvaluesgreaterthanthatkeyaddedtotheother.
bind(v)~Toconnectacontroltoafieldorgroupinthedatasourcesothatdataentered
intothecontrolissavedtothecorrespondingfieldorgroup.Whenacontrolisunbound,it
isnotconnectedtoafieldorgroup,anddataenteredintothecontrolisnotsaved.
BIND(n)~AnimplementationofDomainNameSystem(DNS)writtenandportedto
mostavailableversionsoftheUNIXoperatingsystem.TheInternetSoftwareConsortium
maintainstheBINDsoftware.
bindredirection(n)~AnActiveDirectoryLightweightDirectoryServices(ADLDS)
mechanismthatenablesADLDStoacceptbindrequestsfromapplicationsthatwantto
useADLDSastheapplicationdatastore.ThroughADLDSbindredirection,ADLDS
redirectsbindrequeststoADDSbasedonthecontentsofaproxyobjectthatrepresents
anActiveDirectorysecurityprincipal.Thisproxyobjectcanbeaugmentedtostore
additionaldatarelatedtothesecurityprincipalthatisspecifictotheapplication.
bindtoken(n)~Abindtokenisacharacterstringthatuniquelyidentifieseachbound
transaction.
binder(n)~Anyconstructthatassociatesavariabletoavalue(ortype,etc.).
binderclass(n)~Aclassthatselectsamemberfromalistofcandidates,andperforms
typeconversionfromactualargumenttypetoformalargumenttype.
binderconstructor(n)~AconstructorthatinitializesanewinstanceoftheBinderclass.
binderdivider(n)~Apagesizetype.Asmallpaperpiecethatisinsertedintoa
transparentplastictabwhichdividesbindersectionsorpaperfiles.
bindermethod(n)~Amethodthatexecutesbindingoperations.
binding(n)~Aprocessbywhichsoftwarecomponentsandlayersarelinkedtogether.
Whenanetworkcomponentisinstalled,thebindingrelationshipsanddependenciesfor
thecomponentsareestablished.Bindingallowscomponentstocommunicatewitheach
other.
binding(n)~Theprocessofcreatingalinkbetweenapropertyandasource.Thesource
canbelocalorexternal.
binding(n)~Arelationshipcreatedbetweenapropertyandasource.Thesourcecanbe
localorexternal.
binding(n)~InAnalysisServices,adefinedrelationshipbetweenanattributeora
measureandoneormoreunderlyingcolumnsinadimensionorfacttable.
binding(n)~Arepresentationofthecommunicationpathbetweenactors.
binding(n)~Arequestinasearchqueryforacolumninareturnedrowset.
bindingdependency(n)~Akindofdependencythatindicatesabindingofparameterized
class,ortemplate,parameterstoactualvaluestocreateabound,ornonparameterized,
element.
bindingentry(n)~Amappingbetweenafieldinatableandavariable.IntheADO
VisualC++extensions,RecordsetfieldsaremappedtoC/C++variables.
bindingfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsasnapshotofthebindingasseenatthatinstant.It
doesnotcontaindetailsaboutthecompletenessofthebindingwithrespecttothe
orchestration.
bindingpattern(n)~Aruleforbindingmatchedvaluesinalogicalstructuretovariable
orconstantnames.
bindingpolicy(n)~Apolicythatestablisheswhichversionofanassemblyisloadedby
thecommonlanguageruntime.
bindingsource(n)~Indatabinding,theobjectfromwhichthevalueisobtained.
bindingtarget(n)~Indatabinding,theobjectthatconsumesthevalueofthebinding.
bindingtime(n)~Thepointinaprogram’suseatwhichbindingofinformationoccurs,
usuallyinreferencetoprogramelementsbeingboundtotheirstoragelocationsand
values.Themostcommonbindingtimesareduringcompilation(compile-timebinding),
duringlinking(link-timebinding),andduringprogramexecution(run-timebinding).
Bing(PN)~Thelinktobing.cominsomeregionsbuttoadropdownlistofmoreBing
optionsinotherregions.
Bing(PN)~TheMicrosoftservicethatfacilitateswebsearches.
BingBar(PN)~AtoolbarincludingtheBingsearchboxinstalledforthevarietyof
common-usedbrowsers,likeInternetExplorer,Firefox,etc.
BingBarTranslator(PN)~AserviceavailableonBingBarallowingtranslationofweb-
pagetextinplaceusingtheMicrosoftstatisticalmachinetranslationsystem.
BingDictionary(PN)~TheBingservicethatprovidesdictionarysearch.
BingFinance(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtofinance.
BingGames(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtoonlinegames.
BingMaps(PN)~TheBingservicethatallowssearchandviewofmapsandsatellite
images.
BingMobile(PN)~TheMicrosoftservicethatfacilitatesWebsearchesonWeb-enabled
mobiledevices.
BingMovies(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtomovies.
BingMusic(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtomusic.
BingNews(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtonews.
BingRewards(PN)~Aprogramthatgivescustomerstheopportunitytoearncredits
redeemableforrewards.RewardscreditsareearnedbysearchingonBing,settingtheir
HomepagetoBing,ortryingoutnewBingfeatures.
BingShopping(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtoonlineshopping.
BingSmartSearch(PN)~ThesearchfeatureforWindows8.1andbeyondthatenablesa
centralsearchfromtheStartscreenacrossthedeviceused,thecloud,apps,andtheweb.
BingTranslator(PN)~Theservicethatallowsuserstotranslatetextandwebpagesinto
differentlanguagesusingtheMicrosoftstatisticalmachinetranslationsystem.
BingTV(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtoTV.
BingVideoGames(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtovideogames.
BingVideos(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtovideos.
BingVision(PN)~Afeaturethatletsausersearchbypointingtheirphoneatbarcodes,
text,QRcodes,MicrosoftTags,CDs,DVDs,orbooks.
BingWeather(PN)~ApartoftheBingsearchenginededicatedtoweather.
BingWebmasterCenter(PN)~Thehubwheresitemanagerscanfindtoolstohelpwith
siteoptimization,blogsfromtheBingteam,andforumsforpeersupport.
BINLSVC(n)~AservicethatrunsonaRemoteInstallationServices(RIS)serverthat
actsonclientbootrequests.ThedisplaynameofBINLSVCisRemoteInstallation.
bio(n)~AbiographyofanartistwhosemusicisinXboxMusicoronthephone.
biometric~Asystemthatexaminesbiologicalthingslikefingerprintsorretinas,usually
forsecuritypurposes.
BiometricAuthentication~usebiometrictraitstoverifyusers’claimedidentitieswhen
accessingdevices,networks,networkedapplicationsorWebapplications
biometricfactor(n)~Aparticularcharacteristicofapersonthatcanbemeasuredand
usedforidentificationpurposes,suchasfingerprints,handgeometry,andirispatterns.
biometricsample(n)~Asetofdataresultingfromthemeasurementofonespecific
characteristicofasingleindividual.Examplesofabiometricsamplewouldbetheimage
ofonefingerprintoroneirisscan.
biometricsensor(n)~Acategoryofsensorthatcollectsbiometricdataforavarietyof
applications.
biometricunit(n)~Asoftwareobjectthatconsistsofthreesoftwareplug-incomponents:
asensoradapter,engineadapterandstorageadapter.Theseadaptersareplug-insforthe
WindowsBiometricServiceandareusedtocaptureandprocessbiometricsamples,as
wellascreate,store,andmatchbiometrictemplates.
biometrics(n)~Technologiesthatmeasureandanalyzephysicalandbehavioralhuman
characteristics,suchasfingerprints,eyeretinasandirises,voicepatterns,facialpatterns,
handmeasurements,typingpatternsandsignatures,torecognizeorauthenticateidentity.
BIOS(n)~Thesetofessentialsoftwareroutinesthattestcomputerhardwareatstartup,
starttheoperatingsystem,andsupportthetransferofinformationbetweenhardware
devices.TheBIOSisstoredinread-onlymemory(ROM)sothatitcanberunwhenthe
computeristurnedon.Althoughcriticaltoperformance,theBIOSisusuallyinvisibleto
computerusers.
BIOSbootorder(n)~Alistofallpotentialbootabledeviceslistedinbootingorder.Ifthe
bootonthefirstdeviceonthelistdoesnotyieldavalidbootsector,theBIOSproceeds
withthenextdeviceinthelist.
Bird’seye(PN)~AnoptioninMicrosoftVirtualEarththatallowstheusertoviewan
objectina45-degreeanglefromaboveinbird’seyeview.
Bird’seye(adj)~AfeatureinBingMapsthatprovideshigh-resolutionaerialimageryof
locationsphotographedfromnorth,south,east,andwest,providingfouractualviewsofa
point.
birthdaycalendar(n)~Acalendarthatdisplaysallofthebirthdaysstoredinsomeone’s
contactlist.
birthdayreminder(n)~Afeaturethatnotifiestheuseraboutupcomingbirthdaysof
contactsinthecontactlist.
B-ISDN(n)~AnInternationalTelecommunicationUnion-Telecommunication
[StandardizationSector](ITU-T)communicationstandardforhigh-speednetworkingthat
providesnewservices,includingvoice,video,anddataonthesamenetwork.
bit(n)~Thesmallestunitofinformationhandledbyacomputerordevice.Onebit
expressesa1ora0inabinarynumeral,oratrueorfalselogicalcondition.Agroupof8
bitsmakesupabyte,whichcanrepresentmanytypesofinformation,suchasaletterof
thealphabet,adecimaldigit,orothercharacter.
bit(n)~Adatatypethatstoreseithera1or0value.Integervaluesotherthan1or0are
accepted,buttheyarealwaysinterpretedas1.
Bit~Thesmallestunitofinformationinacomputer,caneitherequal0or1.Eightbits
equalone-byte.
bitcount(n)~Thenumberofbitsofdatainacolorplanethatrepresentasinglepixel.
bitdepth(n)~Thenumberofcolorvaluesthatcanbeassignedtoasinglepixelinan
image.Colordepthcanrangefrom1bit(blackandwhite)to32bits(over16.7million
colors).
bitimage(n)~Asequentialcollectionofbitsthatrepresentsinmemoryanimagetobe
displayedonthescreen,particularlyinsystemshavingagraphicaluserinterface.Eachbit
inabitimagecorrespondstoonepixel(dot)onthescreen.Thescreenitself,forexample,
representsasinglebitimage;similarly,thedotpatternsforallthecharactersinafont
representabitimageofthefont.Inablack-andwhitedisplayeachpixeliseitherwhiteor
black,soitcanberepresentedbyasinglebit.Thepattern’of0sand1sinthebitimage
thendeterminesthepatternofwhiteandblackdotsforminganimageonthescreen.Ina
colordisplaythecorrespondingdescriptionofon-screenbitsiscalledapixelimage
becausemorethanonebitisneededtorepresenteachpixel.‘
bitmanipulation(n)~Anactionintendedtochangeonlyoneormoreindividualbits
withinabyteorword.Manipulationoftheentirebyteorwordismuchmorecommonand
generallysimpler.
bitmask(n)~Anumericvalueintendedforabit-by-bitvaluecomparisonwithother
numericvalues,typicallytoflagoptionsinparameterorreturnvalues.Usuallythis
comparisonisdonewithbitwiselogicaloperators,suchasAndandOrinVisualBasic,
&&and||inC++.
bitrate(n)~Thespeedatwhichbinarydigitsaretransmitted.
bittogglingkeypad(n)~AkeypadthatisavailableinProgrammermode,whichallows
theusertolookatnumbersrepresentedasvariouscombinationsof-1sand0s,andto
togglebetween1and0foreachbinary-bit-toformanewnumber.
Bitcoin(PN)~Adecentralizedpeer-to-peeronlinepaymentsystemwithcompletely
digitalcurrency,calledbitcoins.Fromauserperspective,Bitcoinisamobileappor
computerprogramthatprovidesapersonalBitcoinwalletthatallowsthemtosendand
receivebitcoinsforpurchasesandpayments.
bitcoin(n)~AdigitalcurrencythatusesBitcoin.
Bitcoin~digitalcurrencythatservesthesamefunctionsandpurposesasmoney
BitLocker(PN)~Ahardware-basedsecurityfeaturethatpreventsunauthorizedaccessto
acomputerbyprovidingfull-volumeencryptionandintegritycheckingofboot
components.
BitLockerdisabledmode(n)~Amodeinwhichthediskvolumeisstillencryptedby
BitLockerDriveEncryption,butsecurityiseffectivelydisabledbecausethefull-volume
encryptionkeythatisusedtoencrypttheoperatingsystemvolumeisaccessiblebyusinga
clearkeytoaccessthevolumemasterkey.
BitLockerDriveEncryption(n)~Ahardware-basedsecurityfeaturethatprevents
unauthorizedaccesstoacomputerbyprovidingfull-volumeencryptionandintegrity
checkingofbootcomponents.
BitLockerenabledmode(n)~AmodeinwhichBitLockerDriveEncryptionisturnedon
andthedataonthevolumeistransparentlyencryptedbyBitLockerasitiswrittenand
decryptedasitisread.
BitLockerencryptedinstallation(PN)~AfeatureofBitLockerthatenablesITprosto
encryptadiskbeforeauserbeginstouseit.
BitLockerEnterprise(PN)~ABitLockerextensionthataddsmanagementcapabilitiesto
BitLocker.
BitLockernetworkunlock(PN)~AfeatureofBitLockerthatallowsunlockingofanOS
volumeusingakeyreceivedoverthenetwork.
BitLockeroffmode(n)~AmodeinwhichBitLockerDriveEncryptionprotectionis
turnedoffonadiskvolumeandthediskvolumeisnotencrypted.Thisleavesthedisk
volumewithastandardcleartextfileformat.
BitLockeron-writeencryption(PN)~ABitLockerfeaturethatincrementallyencrypts
theharddriveasfreespaceisused.
BitLockerrecoverykey(n)~Aspecialkeythatyoucancreatewhenyouturnon
BitlockerDriveEncryptionforthefirsttimeoneachdrivethatyouencrypt.
BitLockerToGo(PN)~AnextensionoftheBitLockerdriveencryptionfeaturethat
enablestheencryptionofportable(e.g.USB)drives.
BitLockerToGoReader(PN)~Auserinterfacetoolthatisusedtounlockexternal
driveslockedbyBitLockerToGoandview/copyfilesinthedrive.
bitmap(n)~Apicturemadefromaseriesofsmalldots,muchlikeapieceofgraphpaper
withcertainsquaresfilledintoformshapesandlines.
bitmap(n)~Adatastructureinmemorythatrepresentsinformationintheformofa
collectionofindividualbits.Abitmapisusedtorepresentabitimage.Anotheruseofa
bitmapinsomesystemsistherepresentationoftheblocksofstorageonadisk,indicating
whethereachblockisfree(0)orinuse(1).
Bitmap~See-bmp.
bitmapeffect(n)~Aneffectthatcanberenderedoncontent.Suchbitmapeffectsinclude:
Blur,dropshadow,bevel,outerglow,andemboss.
bitmappedfont(n)~Afontthatisstoredasabitmap.Rasterfontsaredesignedwitha
specificsizeandresolutionforaspecificprinterandcannotbescaledorrotated.Ifa
printerdoesnotsupportrasterfonts,itwillnotprintthem.Thefiverasterfontsare
Courier,MSSansSerif,MSSerif,Small,andSymbol.
bitmask(n)~Anumericvalueintendedforabit-by-bitvaluecomparisonwithother
numericvalues,typicallytoflagoptionsinparameterorreturnvalues.Usuallythis
comparisonisdonewithbitwiselogicaloperators,suchasAndandOrinVisualBasic,
&&and||inC++.
bitmaskidentifier(n)~Anameassignedtoabitmasktohelpidentifyitspurpose.
bitness(n)~Acharacteristicofamicroprocessor’sdatastream(thedistinctionbetween
16-bit,32-bitand64-bitaddressspaces)andthepotentialdifferencesininstantiationof
componentsthatthisentails.
bitrate(n)~Thespeedatwhichbinarydigitsaretransmitted.
bit-ratethrottling(n)~Theabilitytoslowdowntherateatwhichfilescanbe
downloaded.
BITS(PN)~AcomponentofWindowsXPandlateroperatingsystemsthatfacilitates
prioritized,throttled,andasynchronoustransferoffilesbetweencomputersusingidle
networkbandwidth.
bitsperpixel(n)~Thenumberofbits(e.g.8,16,24,or32)usedtostoreanddisplaythe
colordataforasinglepixel.Thisisthestandardunitofmeasureforbitorcolordepth.
bitspersecond(n)~Thenumberofbitstransmittedeverysecond,usedasameasureof
thespeedatwhichadevice,suchasamodem,cantransferdata.
bitwisecomparison(n)~Abit-by-bitcomparisonofidenticallypositionedbitsintwo
numericexpressions.
bit-wisecomparison(n)~Abit-by-bitcomparisonofidenticallypositionedbitsintwo
numericexpressions.
bitwiseoperation(n)~Anoperationthatmanipulatesasinglebit,ortestswhetherabitis
onoroff.
BizSpark(PN)~Aprogramthatmakessoftware,support,andvisibilityavailableto
startupsforfree.
BizSpark1111(PN)~TheofferthatprovidescertainqualifiedBizSparkmembersheavily
discountedaccesstoMicrosoftAzure.Itisnownolongeravailablefornewcustomers.
BizTalkAdministrationconsole(n)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)usedto
administeraBizTalkServergroup.
BizTalkapplication(n)~Agroupofrelatedartifacts,resources,andsettingsthatare
exposedtogetherformanagementfromwithintheBizTalkAdministrationconsole.Any
artifactwithinanapplicationmayrefertoanyotherartifactwithinthatapplication,aswell
asanyartifactinanyreferencedapplication.
BizTalkApplicationUsersGroup(n)~Thegroupofuserswhocanaccess
MessageBoxesforaparticularBizTalkGroup
BizTalkApplicationview(n)~Oneoftwoviews(alongwithBizTalkDeploymentView)
thatappearswhentheSystemCenterOperationsManagerconsoleforBizTalkServeris
opened.ABizTalkadministratorusesthisviewtomonitorthehealthofBizTalkartifacts
andapplicationssuchasorchestrations,sendports,andreceivelocations.
BizTalkBASAdministrators(n)~AsecurityroleforaccessingtheBusinessActivity
Services(BAS)portal.MembersoftheBusinessAdministratorrolecanperformallofthe
tasksthatBusinessManagerscan.Additionally,BusinessAdministratorscanconnectand
disconnecttheBASWebsitetoaBizTalkServer.BusinessAdministratorscanrefreshthe
BASWebsitewithdatafromtheTradingPartnersManagement(TPM)database,and
refreshtheTPMdatabasewithdatafromtheBASWebsite.BusinessAdministratorscan
installandconfiguretheBASWebsite.
BizTalkBASUsers(n)~AsecurityroleforaccessingtheBusinessActivityServices
(BAS)portal.MembersoftheBusinessUserrolehavetheleastamountofsiteprivileges.
BusinessUserscancreateandmanageprofilesandprofilegroups,createandmanage
agreements,andmanagedocuments.
BizTalkDeploymentview(n)~Oneoftwoviews(alongwithBizTalkApplicationview)
thatappearswhentheSystemCenterOperationsManagerconsoleforBizTalkServeris
opened.AnenterpriseITadministratorusesthisviewtomonitortheoverallhealthofthe-
€œphysicaldeployment-€?ofaBizTalkServersetup.
BizTalkDeploymentWizard(n)~AUI-basedtooltodeployBizTalkServerassemblies
totheConfigurationdatabase.
BizTalkEditor(n)~Avisualtool,hostedwithinVisualStudio,forconstructingBizTalk
ServerschemasthatcandefinethestructureofbothXML-andnative-formattedinstance
messages.
BizTalkExplorer(n)~AMicrosoftVisualStudio-©.NETtoolwindowthatdisplaysthe
contentsofaBizTalkConfigurationdatabase.Itdisplaysitemssuchasassemblies,ports,
andpartiesinahierarchicaltree.YoucanuseBizTalkExplorertoconfigureandmanage
BizTalkprojects,parties,andorchestrations.
BizTalkExplorerObjectModel(n)~TheAPIsusedtocreatetoolsandscriptsto
automatethepost-deploymenttasksthatyouperforminBizTalkExplorer.Youcanusethe
BizTalkExplorerObjectModelforsuchpost-deploymenttasksascreatingports,binding
orchestrations,managingpartyproperties,oranyothertaskwhereyouwoulduseBizTalk
Explorer.TheBizTalkExplorerObjectModelAPIsareinthe
Microsoft.BizTalk.ExplorerOMnamespace.
BizTalkFramework(n)~Aplatform-neutrale-commerceframeworkthatisbasedon
ExtensibleMarkupLanguage(XML)schemasandindustrystandards.Theframework
enablesintegrationacrossindustriesandbetweenbusinesssystems,regardlessof
platform,operatingsystem,orunderlyingtechnology.
BizTalkgroup(n)~AgroupthatcontainsMessageBoxes,hosts,receivelocations,send
ports,sendportgroups,orchestrations,servers,andadapters.
BizTalkManagementPackalert(n)~Anotificationthatadministratorscansubscribeto
intheBizTalkServer2010ManagementPack.Aftersubscribingtoagivenalert,
administratorsreceiveanotificationwhenevercertainconditionsaremet.Forinstance,if
acertainnumberofhostinstancesarethrottling,analertcouldberaised.
BizTalkManagementPackdiagnostics(n)~Afeaturethatadministratorscanusetosee
thecauseandtroubleshootinginformationforagivenproblem.Forexample,ifthehealth
ofasendportappearsasred,theStateChangeEventtabintheOperationsManager
consoledisplaysthereasonwhyitwentfromgreentored.
BizTalkMapper(n)~Afeaturethatvisuallyenablesuserstobuildtransformations
betweentwoschemasinaBizTalkapplication.Italsohasusabilityenhancementstohelp
withcomplexmaps.
BizTalkMessageQueuingadapter(n)~Anadapterthatenablesexchangeofmessages
betweenBizTalkServerandMicrosoftMessageQueue(MSMQ).
BizTalkmessagestore(n)~AMicrosoftSQLServertablethatholdsallmessagesand
theirparts.Consumingorchestrationsusethemessagereferencescontainedinthestoreto
dequeueacopyofthemessageanditspropertiesfromthemessagestore.
BizTalkproject(n)~AtypeofVisualStudioprojectusedtocreateapplicationsthatrun
onBizTalkServer.
BizTalkprojectsystem(n)~AsystemusedtocreatepartorallofaBizTalkServer
applicationorbusinesssolution.Itisusedtoadd,edit,orremoveBizTalkServeritems
(orchestrations,maps,schemas,andpipelines).Itcontainscommandssuchascompileand
deploy.
BizTalkServer(PN)~ThefamilyofMicrosoftserverproductsthatsupportlargescale
implementationmanagementofenterpriseapplicationintegrationprocesses.
BizTalkServer2010ManagementPack(PN)~ABizTalkenhancementthathelps
ensurefullmonitoringcapabilitiesofBizTalkapplicationsandinfrastructure.Itincludes
featureslikediagnosticsandalertstohelpmonitorthehealthofaBizTalkdeployment.
BizTalkServerEnterprise(n)~TheBizTalkServereditionforcustomerswith
enterprise-levelrequirementsforhighvolume,reliability,andavailability.
BizTalkServermap(n)~AnExtensibleStylesheetLanguageTransformations(XSLT)-
basedtransformationusedtoconvertinstancemessagesthatconformtooneBizTalk
ServerschemaintoinstancemessagesthatconformtoanotherBizTalkServerschema.
BizTalkServermapfile(n)~ThepersistedformofaBizTalkmap,createdbyBizTalk
Mapperandcompiledtogeneraterun-timetransformationdirectivesspecifiedusing
ExtensibleStylesheetLanguageTransformations(XSLT).
BizTalkServerpipelinefile(n)~Afilethatdescribestheconfigurationofthepipeline
andthecomponentswithinit.ThisfiletypecanbecompiledaspartofaBizTalkproject.
BizTalkServerschema(n)~AnXMLSchemaDefinitionlanguage(XSD)-based
descriptionofthestructureofoneormoreBizTalkServerinstancemessages.
BizTalkServerschemafile(n)~AfilecontainingthepersistedformofaBizTalk
schema.
BizTalkServerStandard(n)~TheBizTalkServereditionfororganizationswith
moderatevolumeanddeploymentscalerequirements.
BizTalkServices(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatprovidesBusiness-to-Business
(B2B)andEnterpriseApplicationIntegration(EAI)capabilitiesfordeliveringcloudand
hybridintegrationsolutionswithinasecure,dedicated,per-tenantenvironment.
BizTalkSettingsDashboard(PN)~ABizTalkfeaturethatBizTalkadministratorscanuse
tocentrallymanageandmodifyBizTalkEnginesettings.Administratorscanexportand
importsettingsfromoneenvironmenttoanother,suchasfromstagingtoproduction.
BLA(n)~Atelephonyfeaturethatmakestwoormorephonesbehaveasiftheyare
linked;thatis,thatacalltoonenumbercausesallphonestoring.
black(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof900
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
blackandwhiteeffect(n)~Oneofagroupofphotomodificationssomeonecanmaketo
acolorphotothatmimicdifferenteffectsthatwouldbeachievedbytakingthesamephoto
usingblackandwhitefilmstock.Oneeffectusesstrictconversiontomonochromeby
throwingawayallofthecolorinformation.Othersmimictheresultwhenablackand
whitephotoistakenthroughacoloredfilter-€”orange,red,oryellow-€”toenhanceor
suppresscertaincolorinformation.Twoeffectsperformstrictconversionstomonochrome
andthenapplyacolortint-€”sepiaorcyan-€”inonestep.
BlackandWhiteEffects(n)~Acontrolthatinitiatesatasktocreateandfinetuneblack
andwhiteimages.
Blackandwhiteeffects(PN)~Thepanelitemthatopenstheimageeditingtoolthat
enablestheusertoapplyablackandwhiteeffect.
blackbox(n)~Basedonacomponent’sactualbehavior,withoutregardtoits
implementation.
blackbox~Agenerictermusedtoidentifyfunctionalequipmentsegments,asopposedto
circuitry,thatmakeupeachsegmentofatelecommunicationssystem.-
blackboxtest(n)~Atestthatisbasedonacomponent’sactualbehavior,withoutregard
toitsimplementation.
Blackmetal(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#138.
Blackthumbpads(n)~ADialKeysstylethatshowsblackkeysappearingintwo
semicirclesinthecornersofthescreen.
BlackBerryBusinessCloudServices(n)~AsmartphoneserviceforBlackBerrydevices
usingOffice365.TheserviceishostedbyResearchInMotion.
BlackBerrydevice(n)~OneinalineofsmartphonesdevelopedbytheCanadian
companyResearchInMotion(RIM)thatsupportse-mail,mobiletelephone,text
messaging,Internetfaxing,andotherwirelessinformationservices.
BlackBerryEnterpriseServerforMicrosoftExchange(n)~Thesoftwarepackagethat
ispartoftheBlackBerry(R)wirelessplatformfromResearchInMotion.Thesoftwareand
serviceconnectstomessagingandcollaborationsoftware(suchasMicrosoftExchange)
onenterprisenetworksandredirectse-mailsandsynchronizescontactsandcalendaring
informationbetweenservers,desktopworkstations,andmobiledevices.
BlackBerryInternetService(n)~Asubscriptionservicethatenablese-mail
synchronizationforBlackBerry(R)devices.
blackouttime(n)~Thetimethataserverisidentifiedasbeingunavailable,measuredin
seconds.
Black-Scholes(n)~Atechnicalalgorithmusedtodeterminethepresentvalueofafuture
stockprice(fordeterminingthevalueofnewlyawardedstockoptions).
blade(n)~Thesurfaceonwhichservicefunctionsornavigationelementsappearwhen
selected.EquivalenttoanewwindowthatisopenedinWindows.
bladeserver~Aserverarchitecturethathousesmultipleservermodules(‘blades’)ina
singlechassis.Itiswidelyusedindatacenterstosavespaceandimprovesystem
management.
blank(n)~Thecharacterenteredbypressingthespacebar.
blankline(n)~Alinewherethereisnoinformationdisplayed.
blankpage(n)~Apagewherethereisnoinformationdisplayed
blankreferenceimage(n)~AsnapshotofwhattheSurfacescreenlookslikeinyour
lightingenvironmentwithnothingonthescreen.Thissnapshotistakingduring
calibration.
blankspace(n)~Aspacewherethereisnoinformationdisplayed
blanketorder(n)~Apurchaseorderwithaspecificsupplierthatcoversaperiodoftime
ratherthanspecificlineitems.Ablanketordercanbeusedtoobtainrecurring,short-term
releasesofgoodsormaterials.
blawg~Slangtermusedtodescribeanonlineblogthatiswrittenbylawyers,oronethat
isfocusedonprovidinglegal-orientedcontent.
bleed(n)~Theextenttowhichapicturerunsofftheprintedpage.
bleedsetting(n)~Asettingthatdetermineshowmuchofanobjectcanprintbeyondthe
edgesofalabel,sticker,orpage.
Blend+SketchFlowforVisualStudio2013(PN)~Sketchflowisafeatureincludedin
BlendforVisualStudio2013torapidlycreateandprototypenewideasandeffectively
presentthemtoclientsbeforeevolvinganddeliveringthemascompletedprojects.It
enablestomapandexperimentwiththeflowofanapplicationUI,thelayoutofthe
individualscreensandhowtheapplicationwilltransitionfromonestateoftheapplication
toanother.
BlendforMicrosoftVisualStudio2013(PN)~BlendforVisualStudio2013allowsto
visuallybuildengagingandsophisticateduserinterfacesforWindowsapplicationsby
usingtheaccuratedesignsurfaceandtools.ItisinstalledwiththeVisualStudio
installation.
BlendforVisualStudio(PN)~BlendforVisualStudiohelpstodesignandbuild
engagingandsophisticateduserinterfacesbyprovidingwithanaccuratedesignsurface
andtoolsthatlettheusertovisuallycreateandeditMicrosoftWindowsapplications.With
Blend,WindowsPhoneapplicationsandWindowsstoreappscanbedesignedandbuild.
BlendforVisualStudio2013SDK(PN)~TheBlendforVisualStudioSoftware
DevelopmentKit(SDK)providesconceptualtopicsforbehaviors,whicharereusable
piecesofpackagedcodethatcanbedraggedontoanyobjectandthenfine-tunedby
changingtheirproperties.TheSDKalsoincludesaprogrammingreferenceforother
extensibilityfeaturesinBlend,suchascontrols,drawingfeatures,andeffects.
blendmode(n)~Amethodofdetermininghowanobjectshouldappearwhenplacedover
anotherobject.
blending(n)~Theprocessofcombiningtwoormoreobjectsbyaddingthemonapixel-
by-pixelbasis.
blindcarboncopy(n)~Afeatureofe-mailprogramsthatallowsausertosendacopyof
ane-mailmessagetoarecipientwithoutnotifyingotherrecipientsthatthiswasdone.
blindvia(n)~Acopper-platedholeinaprintedcircuitboardthatdoesnotextendallthe
waythruaPCB.Thispreventsprobingacomponent’ssignalpinbyremovingaccessto
theviaontheoppositesideoftheboard.
blindness(n)~Avisualimpairmentthatresultsincompletelossofvisioninbotheyes.
blinds(n)~Atypeoftransitionthatsimulatestheopeningandclosingofwindowblinds
asonecliptransitionstoanother.
blink(v)~Toflashonandoff.Cursors,insertionpoints,menuchoices,warningmessages,
andotherdisplaysonacomputerscreenthatareintendedtocatchtheeyeareoftenmade
toblink.Therateofblinkinginagraphicaluserinterfacecansometimesbecontrolledby
theuser.
blinkspeed(n)~Therateatwhichthecursorindicatingtheactiveinsertionpointinatext
window,orotherdisplayelement,flashesonandoff.
blinktime(n)~Theelapsedtime,inmilliseconds,requiredtoinvertthecaretdisplay.
Thisvalueishalfoftheflashtime.
blit(n)~Agraphicsfunctionthatmovesmanycontinuousbitsfromonememorylocation
toanotherinthemostefficientmannersupportedbythehardware.
blittable(adj)~CapableofbeingcopiedbyBLT(blocktransfer).
blittabletype(n)~Adatatypethathasauniquecharacteristicandanidentical
presentationinmemoryforbothmanagedandunmanagedenvironments.Itcanbedirectly
shared.
BLOB(n)~Adiscretepacketofbinarydatathathasanexceptionallylargesize,suchas
picturesoraudiotracksstoredasdigitaldata,oranyvariableortablecolumnlargeenough
toholdsuchvalues.Thedesignationbinarylargeobject’typicallyreferstoapacketof
datathatisstoredinadatabaseandistreatedasasequenceofuninterpretedbytes.’
BLOb(n)~Adiscretepacketofbinarydatathathasanexceptionallylargesize,suchas
picturesoraudiotracksstoredasdigitaldata,oranyvariableortablecolumnlargeenough
toholdsuchvalues.Thedesignationbinarylargeobject’typicallyreferstoapacketof
datathatisstoredinadatabaseandistreatedasasequenceofuninterpretedbytes.’
blob(n)~Adiscretepacketofbinarydatathathasanexceptionallylargesize,suchas
picturesoraudiotracksstoredasdigitaldata,oranyvariableortablecolumnlargeenough
toholdsuchvalues.Thedesignationbinarylargeobject’typicallyreferstoapacketof
datathatisstoredinadatabaseandistreatedasasequenceofuninterpretedbytes.’
blob(n)~Anobjectthatdoesnothaveanidentifiableshape,i.e.thatcannotbeidentified
asafingerorasataggedobject.
blobinput(n)~AcontactontheSurfacescreenthatiscategorizedasablob(i.e.,that
doesnothaveanidentifiableshape).
Blobservice(PN)~ThedatamanagementserviceinMicrosoftAzureStorageforstoring
largeamountsofunstructureddatathatcanbeaccessedfromanywhereviaHTTPor
HTTPS.
block(n)~Asegmentoftextthatcanbeselectedandacteduponasawholeinan
application.
block(n)~Agroupofstatementsinaprogramthataretreatedasaunit.Forexample,ifa
statedconditionistrue,allofthestatementsintheblockareexecuted,butnoneare
executediftheconditionisfalse.
Block(v)~Apermissionsettingthatpreventsapersonordomainfromaddingtheuserto
contactlists,seeingtheuser’sstatus,orsendinginstantmessagestotheuser.
block(v)~Topreventanotheruserfrominitiatingaconversationandfromviewingyour
presenceorotherinformation,suchasyourpersonalinformation.
block(n)~ATransact-SQLstatementenclosedbyBEGINandEND.
block(n)~AnHTMLelementthat,ingeneral,beginsanewline.Ablock-levelelement
mayincludeotherblock-levelelementsorinlineelements.
BlockandFilter(PN)~Anapp(shippedinChinaonly)thatfiltersoutcertaincallsand
messagesfromtheuser’sphoneaswellasmessagingservices,withoptionalblockingof
withheldandunknownnumbers.ItalsoprovidescallerIDinfoforincomingcallsfrom
barenumbersthatarenotonlocalcontactlist.
BlockandFilter(global)(PN)~Anappthatfiltersoutcertaincallsandmessagesfrom
theuser’sphone,aswellasmessagingservices,withoptionalblockingofwithheldand
unknownnumbers.
blockblob(n)~Ablobcomprisedofblocks,eachofwhichisidentifiedbyablockID.
Blockbutton(n)~ButtonlocatedintheInboxandotherfolders.Allowsuserstoprevent
unwantede-mailmessagesfromarriving.
blockcipher(n)~Acipheralgorithmthatencryptsdataindiscreteunits(calledblocks),
ratherthanasacontinuousstreamofbits.Themostcommonblocksizeis64bits.For
example,DESisablockcipher.
BlockCycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtorepresentacontinuingsequenceof
stages,tasks,oreventsinacircularflow.Emphasizesthestagesorstepsratherthanthe
connectingarrowsorflow.
blockdiagram(n)~Atypeofdiagramwithblockandraisedblockshapesusedto
brainstorm,plan,andcommunicate.
blockdiagramwithperspective(n)~Atypeofblockdiagramthatcontains3-D
geometricshapes,directionallines,andavanishingpointforchangingdepthand
perspective.Useforfunctionaldecomposition,hierarchical,anddatastructurediagrams.
BlockFacebookPages(PN)~Asettingthatallowsuserstoblockpostsandcomments
fromFacebookPagestonotshowupinanalysisanymore.
blocklevelbackup(n)~Atypeofbackupoperationthatcanbeperformedonafile
system.Thebackupandrestoreoperationscaneitherbefull,incrementalordifferential,
andaphysical(block-level)restoreisperformedatthevolumelevel.
Blocklist(n)~Alistofusers,accounts,Websitesetc.thatarepreventedfromperforming
certainactionsonanetwork.
blocklist(n)~Alistofusers,accounts,Websitesetc.thatarepreventedfromperforming
certainactionsonanetwork.
blockmap(n)~AnXMLfilethatmapslogicalfilesandrangestoblockrangesinthe
AppXpackage.AblockmapisrequiredforanyAppXpackage.BlockMapXMLmarkup,
storedinaBlockMap.xmlpart,isusedtodefineindexesandcryptographichashesfor
blocksofexecutablecodeanddatathatarestoredinthefilesofanAppxpackage.The
deploymentengineusestheBlockMaptodownloadindividualblocksinrandomorderas
neededforstreamingexecution.
blockoftext(n)~Asegmentoftextthatcanbeselectedandacteduponasawholeinan
application.
Blockphrase(n)~AcustomwordorphrasethattheadministratorsetsfortheContent
Filteragenttoprevente-mailmessagesthatcontainspecificwordsorphrasesfrombeing
deliveredtoExchangeServer2007mailboxusers.
BlockProgramsList(n)~TabontheUserSettingstoolusedtoblockagivenuserfrom
accessinglistedprograms.
BlockQuote(PN)~TheSwaycardthatprovidesaquote-liketreatmentwithbreaks
beforeandafterselectedcontent.
BlockRecognizer(PN)~Aversionofthecharacterrecognizerfeaturethatuses
handwritingrecognitiontoconvertwrittenshorthandsymbolstotypedtext,andthen
insertsthetextinalocationthatyoucanspecify.
blockscope(n)~Therestrictionoftherangeinwhichavariablecanbereferencedtoa
sectionofcodethatisgroupedtogether,consistingofoneormoredeclarationsand
statements.
Blocked(adj)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatpreventsapersonordomainfrom
addingtheusertocontactlists,seeingtheuser’sstatus,orsendinginstantmessagestothe
user.
Blocked(PN)~Thestatuslabelthatindicatesthatauserhasassignedthiscontacttothe
BlockedContactsprivacyrelationship.
BlockedContacts(PN)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatpreventsapersonordomain
fromaddingtheusertocontactlists,seeingtheuser’sstatus,orsendinginstantmessages
totheuser.
BlockedContent(PN)~Aviewinsettingswhereuserscanaddtermstoalistthat
globallyexcludepoststhatcontainoneoftheaddedtermsfromanalysis.
BlockedEncodingsList(n)~Alistthatallowsyoutoblockalanguageencodingor
charactersetinordertofilteroutunwantedinternationale-mailmessagesthatdisplayina
languageyoudon’tunderstand.
blockedsender(n)~Adomainorapersonthatanenduserdoesn’twanttoreceivee-mail
messagesfrom.Messagesreceivedfromanye-mailaddressordomainlistedintheusers’
BlockedSenderslistaresentdirectlytotheuser’sJunkE-Mailfolder.
BlockedSendersList(n)~Alistofdomainnamesande-mailaddressesthataretreatedas
junke-mailandareblockedunlessthesenderisontheSafeSendersListortherecipientis
ontheSafeRecipientsList.
BlockedSources(PN)~AviewinsettingswhereuserscanaddURLsandpartialURLsto
ablockedsourceslistthatwillbeexcludedfromdataacquisitionandanalysis.
BlockedTop-LevelDomainList(n)~Alistthatallowsyoutoblocktop-leveldomain
names.Blockingcountry/regiontop-leveldomainsallowsyoutofilterunwantede-mail
messagesyoureceivefromspecificcountriesorregions.
blocking(n)~Amethodofoperationinwhichaprogramthatissuesacalldoesnotregain
controluntilthecallcompletes.
blocking(n)~Theactionofplacingadocumentorproductonhold.
blockingtransaction(n)~Atransactionthatcausesanothertransactiontofail.
block-levelelement(n)~AnHTMLelementthat,ingeneral,beginsanewline.Ablock-
levelelementmayincludeotherblock-levelelementsorinlineelements.
blog(n)~Afrequentlyupdatedonlinejournalorcolumn.
blog(v)~Topublishorwriteentriesforablog.
blog~(weBLOG)-Awebsitedocumentingsomeone’slifeand/orthoughts.
blogger(adj)~Apersonwhocreatesormaintainsaweblog.
BloggingWindows(PN)~?Theofficialconsumer-facingWindowsblog.
Blood(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
BloodandGore(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
bloodglucosemeasurement(n)~Theamountofaperson’sbloodglucoselevelsata
certainpointintime.
bloodglucosemeter(n)~Anelectronicdeviceusedtomeasureaperson’sbloodglucose
level.
bloodglucosemonitor(n)~Anelectronicdeviceusedtomeasureaperson’sblood
glucoselevel.
bloodpressure(n)~Ameasurementofthepressurethatthebody’sbloodisputtingonthe
bloodvesselwalls.
bloodpressuremeasurement(n)~Ameasurementofthepressurethatthebody’sblood
isputtingonthebloodvesselwalls.Themeasurementisdisplayedwiththesystolic
pressurenumberoverthediastolicpressurenumber(inmillimetersofmercury).
bloodpressuremonitor(n)~Ahealthdeviceusedtomeasureaperson’sbloodpressure.
Bluechips(PN)~Veryspecificsetofstocksoflarge,well-establishedandfinancially
soundcompaniesthathaveoperatedformanyyears,typicallywithamarketcapitalization
inthebillionsandconsideredtobeverysoundinvestments.
BlueHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofarangeofbluecolors.
Bluegrass(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#89.
Blues(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#0.
Bluetooth(PN)~AwirelesscommunicationtechnologythatconformstotheBluetooth
computingandtelecommunicationsindustryspecification.Thisspecificationdescribes
howmobilephone,landlinephones,computers,andmobiledevicescaneasilyexchange
informationbyusingashort-rangewirelessconnection.
Bluetooth~Ashortrangewirelessdatacommunicationsystemforsmartphonesandother
computingdevices.HoweverBluetoothdevicesfromdifferentmanufacturerswouldn’t
alwayscommunicatewitheachotherreliably,soithasn’treallytakenoffastheindustry
hadhoped,anditisnowunderthreatfromfasterwirelesstechnologies(see-Wi-Fi).
Bluetoothdevice(n)~Adevicesuchasacellularphone,printer,keyboard,mouse,or
computerthathasaBluetoothradiotransmitterinstalledinit.
Bluetoothstack(n)~ThecoreportionoftheBluetoothprotocolstackimplementation
thatenablesdevicestolocateeachotherandestablishaconnection.Throughthis
connection,devicescanexchangedataandinteractwithoneanotherthroughvarious
applications.
blur(n)~Aneffectappliedtoagraphicalobjectthattypicallyreducesthedifference
betweentheoutlineoftheobjectandthegraphicalareanexttoit.
Blu-rayDisc(n)~Ahighdefinitionopticaldiscformatwhichusesasmallerfocusblue-
violet405nmlaserallowinghigherprecisionandstoragedensity.AcompetitortoHD
DVD.
BMC(n)~Aspecializedserviceprocessorthatmonitorsthephysicalstateofacomputer,
networkserverorotherhardwaredeviceusingsensorsandcommunicatingwiththe
systemadministratorthroughanindependentconnection.TheBMCispartofthe
IntelligentPlatformManagementInterface(IPMI)andisusuallycontainedinthe
motherboardormaincircuitboardofthedevicetobemonitored.
BMD(n)~Ameasurementthatshowstheamountofmineralsinonesquarecentimeterof
bones.Abonedensitymeasurementcanbeusedasapossiblemarkerofosteoporosisand
fracturerisk.
BMI(n)~Anindexforhumanbodyfatbasedonaperson’sweightandheight.
BMO(n)~Thesetofobjectsthatamodelerusestocreateacustomapplication.Theset
includesthefollowingprimaryobjectcategories:system,application,model,and
modelingsite.Primaryobjectcategoriescancontainotherobjectcategories.Forexample,
system-levelsecurityobjectsandapplication-levelsecurityobjects.
bmp~(BitMaP)-Astandardtypeofgraphicsfile.Anuncompressedformat,sothefiles
tendtobefairlybig.
BMR(n)~Arecoveryofasystemusingabackupthatcontainscriticalvolumesand,
optionally,datafilesthatyoucanusetorebuildasystemfromscratchorrebuildasystem
usingalternatehardware.
BMR(n)~Theamountofenergythatisneededtosupportthebody’smostbasicfunctions
whenatrest.TheBasalmetabolicrate(orBMR)isthenumberofcaloriesapersonneeds
perdaytostayalive.
BNCconnector(n)~Aconnectorforcoaxialcablesthatlockswhenoneconnectoris
insertedintoanotherandrotated90degrees.
b-node(n)~ANetBIOSimplementationthatusesbroadcastNetBIOSnamequeriesfor
nameregistrationandresolution.
Board(PN)~TheagiletaskboardinVisualStudio2012’sTeamWebAccessthatenables
theusertotrackteam’sprogressinreal-time.
boardingpass(n)~Aticketfortransit,suchasonanairplaneoratrain.
body(n)~Ine-mailandInternetnewsgroups,thecontentofamessage.Thebodyofa
messagefollowstheheader,whichcontainsinformationaboutthesender,origin,and
destinationofthemessage.
bodymassindex(n)~Anindexforhumanbodyfatbasedonaperson’sweightand
height.
bodytext(n)~Thetextthatformsthemajorcontentofapublication.Doesnotinclude
titles,headlines,pullquotes,andcaptions,forexample.
BOF(n)~Thestartinglocationofafileonadiskrelativetothefirststoragelocationon
thedisk.Adatadirectoryorcatalogcontainsthislocation.
BOF(PN)~Themodel-view-controllerframeworkthatsynchronouslyorasynchronously
controlstheexecutionofimmediateorbatchedbusinessoperationimplementations.
bogie~alsospelledbogey,referstoafalsebliponaradardisplay.Thetermisalsoused
todescriberadarechoesthatoccurforunknownreasons,especiallyinthemilitary,where
suchasignalmightindicatehostileaircraft.
boilerplatetext(n)~Recyclabletext;apieceofwritingorcode,suchasanorganization’s
missionstatementorthegraphicscodethatprintsasoftwarecompany’slogo,whichcan
beusedoverandoverinmanydifferentdocuments.
bold(adj)~Pertainingtocharactersthatareformattedtoappeardarkerandheavierthan
thesurroundingtext.
bold(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof700
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
BoletoBancário(PN)~ApaymentmethodusedinBrazilthatisissuedintheformofa
paperticketfromATMsorvariousagenciesorbusinesses.
BollingerBands(n)~Aformulathatcalculatesthestandarddeviationaboveandbelowa
simplemovingaverageofthedata.Sincestandarddeviationisameasureofvolatility,a
largestandarddeviationindicatesavolatilemarket,andasmallerstandarddeviation
indicatesacalmermarket.
BollingerBandsformula(n)~Aformulathatcalculatesthestandarddeviationaboveand
belowasimplemovingaverageofthedata.Sincestandarddeviationisameasureof
volatility,alargestandarddeviationindicatesavolatilemarket,andasmallerstandard
deviationindicatesacalmermarket.
BOM(n)~Alistofthecomponentsandsubassembliesneededtobuildoneunitofa
product.Abillofmaterialsalsoshowsquantitiesforeachcomponent.
BOM(n)~AUnicodecharacterusedtoindicatethattextisencodedinUTF-8,UTF-16or
UTF-32.
BOMexplosion(n)~Theprocessofidentifyingthecomponents,andtheirquantities,that
arerequiredtoproduceanitem.
BOMversion(n)~Aspecificconfigurationofabillofmaterial(BOM)toincludean
item.AnitemcanbeassociatedwithanumberofBOMversions.
BombMaking(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
bond(n)~Lightweightpapercommonlyusedforletterheadandotherbusiness
publications.
bondeddevice(n)~ABluetoothdevicethathasbeenpairedtoanotherone.
bonemineraldensity(n)~Ameasurementthatshowstheamountofmineralsinone
squarecentimeterofbones.Abonedensitymeasurementcanbeusedasapossiblemarker
ofosteoporosisandfracturerisk.
bonusdepreciation(n)~Extradepreciationamountsthatcanbetakeninthefirstyear
thatanassetisplacedinserviceanddepreciated.Bonusdepreciationistakenbeforeany
otherdepreciationiscalculatedandisavailableonlyfordepreciationbooks.
bonusindicator(n)~InPurblePlace,asymbolwhichlookslikeagoldenstampand
allowsplayerstoearnaSneakPeektokeniftheycanmatchatilewhiletheindicatorison
it.
bookcode(n)~Apredefineddimensionthatisusedtodifferentiatebetweendifferent
modelingscenarios.Forexample,youcanusethisdimensiontotrackvaluesforbudget,
actual,andforecastedscenariosforanygivenperiodoftime.Itisautomaticallyincluded
witheverymodel.
bookfold(n)~Astyleofpublicationthatisprintedwithtwopagesononesideofeach
sheetofpaper.Whenyoufoldthepaper,itopenslikeabook.
bookvalue(n)~Thevalueofanassetascalculatedbytheacquisitionpriceplusorminus
anyadjustments(acquisitionorvalue)minusanydepreciationpreviouslytaken.
bookvalue(n)~Thenetvalueofanassetreportedonastatementoffinancialposition.
BookingAttendant(PN)~Acalendaringfeaturethatautomaticallymanagesresources.
Resourcerequestsareautomaticallyacceptedordenieddependingonavailabilityand
policies.
booking.com~Booking.comistheworld’sleadingonlinehotelreservationsagencyby
roomnightssold,attractingover30millionuniquevisitorseachmonthviatheInternet
frombothleisureandbusinessmarketsworldwide.Pricelineistheparent
company.http://www.booking.com/
booklet(n)~Asmallpublicationmadeofprintedpagesthatarefoldedandboundtogether
toopenlikeabook.
bookmark(n)~Alocationorselectionoftextinafilethatyounameforreference
purposes.Bookmarksidentifyalocationwithinyourfilethatyoucanlaterreferorlinkto.
bookmark(n)~Auniqueidentifierofarowwithinarowset.
bookmarklet(n)~Ascript-basedappletthatisstoredasafavoriteorbookmarkinaweb
browser,orisaccessedthroughahyperlinkonawebpage.
Books&Reference(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesreadingorprovidesaccessto
e-bookorreferencecontent.
books+reference(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesreadingorprovidesaccesstoe-
bookorreferencecontent.
Boolean(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicoflogical(true,false)values.
Boolean~Atermthatoriginatedintheintherealmofmathematics,andthatisnow
commonlyknownforitsapplicationtosearchenginelogic.ABooleansearchallowsfor
theinclusionorexclusionofdocumentscontainingcertainkeywords
Booleandatatype(n)~Adatatypewithonlytwopassablevalues,True(-1)orFalse(0).
Booleanvariablesarestoredas16-bit(2-byte)numbers.
Booleanexpression(n)~AnexpressionthatyieldsaBooleanvalue(trueorfalse).Such
expressionscaninvolvecomparisons(testingvaluesforequalityor,fornon—Boolean
values,the<[lessthan]or>[greaterthan]relation)andlogicalcombination(using
BooleanoperatorssuchasAND,OR,andXOR)ofBooleanexpressions.
Booleanoperator(n)~AnoperatordesignedtoworkwithBooleanvalues.Thefourmost
commonBooleanoperatorsinprogramminguseareAND(logicalconjunction),OR
(logicalinclusion),XOR(exclusiveOR),andNOT(logicalnegation).
Booleansearch(n)~Amethodofsearchingfordatathatuseslogicaloperators(e.g.
AND,OR,NOT).
BootConfigurationData(n)~Adatastorethatcontainsbootconfigurationparameters
andcontrolshowtheoperatingsystemisstartedbeginningwithWindowsVistaor
WindowsServer2008.
BootConfigurationDataobject(n)~Acollectionofelementsthatdescribesthesettings
fortheobjectthatareusedduringthebootprocess.Therearethreemaintypesofobjects:
application,device,andinherited.
bootcriticaldriver(n)~Adriverthatmustbeavailableinorderfortheoperatingsystem
tosuccessfullycompletethebootprocess.Bootcriticaldriversincludeallbootstart
drivers.
bootdisk(n)~AfloppydiskthatcontainskeysystemfilesfromaPC-compatible
operatingsystemthatcanboot,orstart,thePC.Abootdiskmustbeinsertedinthe
primaryfloppydiskdrive(usuallydriveA:)andisusedwhenthereissomeproblemwith
startingthePCfromtheharddisk,fromwhichthecomputergenerallyboots.
Bootdisk~ACDprDVDwhichholdsacopyoftheoperatingsystem,orenoughofitto
startthecomputer,usefulifthecomputerwon’tstartupproperlyfromtheharddisk.
bootdrive(n)~InaPC-compatiblecomputer,thediskdrivethattheBIOSusesto
automaticallyloadtheoperatingsystemwhenthecomputeristurnedon.
bootfile(n)~AsystemfileneededtostartWindows.ThebootfilesincludeNtldrand
Ntdetect.com.
bootimage(n)~TheMicrosoftWindowsPreinstallationEnvironmentimagethatyou
bootaclientintobeforeyouinstalltheinstallimage.
BootInformationNegotiationLayerService(n)~AservicethatrunsonaRemote
InstallationServices(RIS)serverthatactsonclientbootrequests.Thedisplaynameof
BINLSVCisRemoteInstallation.
BootLogging(n)~Aprocessinwhichacomputerthatisstarting(booting)createsalog
filethatrecordstheloadingofeachdeviceandservice.ThelogfileiscalledNtbtlog.txt,
anditissavedinthesystemrootdirectory.
bootpartition(n)~ThepartitionthatcontainstheWindowsoperatingsystemandits
supportfiles.Thebootpartitioncanbe,butdoesnothavetobe,thesameasthesystem
partition.
bootrecord(n)~Thesectionofadiskthatcontainstheoperatingsystem.
bootsector(n)~Acriticaldiskstructureforstartingyourcomputer,locatedatsector1of
eachvolumeorfloppydisk.Itcontainsexecutablecodeanddatathatisrequiredbythe
code,includinginformationusedbythefilesystemtoaccessthevolume.Thebootsector
iscreatedwhenyourformatthevolume.
bootsector(n)~Thefirst512bytesofsector0ofapartitioneddatastoragedevice.
bootsectorvirus(n)~Avirusthatinfectscomputersystemsbycopyingcodeeithertothe
bootsectoronafloppydiskorthepartitiontableonaharddisk.Duringstartup,thevirus
isloadedintomemory.Onceinmemory,theviruswillinfectanynon-infecteddisks
accessedbythesystem.
bootvolume(n)~ThevolumethatcontainstheWindowsoperatingsystemanditssupport
files.Thebootvolumecanbe,butdoesnothavetobe,thesameasthesystemvolume.
Boot,bootup~Usuallyusedtomean‘startupthecomputer’.Literally,theprocessof
loadinguptheoperatingsystemandgettingthecomputerreadyforuse.See-Reboot.A
‘bootpassword’isapasswordyouhavetogivetostartupthecomputer.
bootable(adj)~ContainingthesystemfilesnecessaryforbootingaPCandrunningit.
bootableCD(n)~ACD-ROMthatcanbeusedtostartacomputer.Anautomated
installationusesabootableCDtostartacomputer.
BOOTP(n)~AprotocolusedprimarilyonTCP/IPnetworkstoconfigurediskless
workstations.RFCs951and1542definethisprotocol.DHCPisalaterbootconfiguration
protocolthatusesthisprotocol.TheMicrosoftDHCPserviceprovideslimitedsupportfor
BOOTPservice.
bootstrap(n)~Theprocessofstartingorresettingacomputeroradevice.Whenfirst
turnedon(coldboot)orreset(warmboot),thecomputerrunsthesoftwarethatloadsand
startsthecomputer’soperatingsystem,whichpreparesitforuse.
bootstrapinstallationservice(n)~Aservicethatinvokesthebootstrapinstallation
process.
border(n)~Inprogramsandworkingenvironmentsthatfeatureon-screenwindows,the
edgesurroundingtheuser’sworkspace.Windowbordersprovideavisibleframearounda
documentorgraphic.Dependingontheprogramanditsrequirements,theycanalso
representanareainwhichthecursororamousepointertakesonspecialcharacteristics.
Forexample,clickingthemouseonawindowbordercanenabletheusertoresizethe
windoworsplitthewindowintwo.
border(n)~Thevisiblelinearoundtheedgeofanobject.Forexample,thefourlinesofa
rectanglethatcompriseitsborder.
BorderPainter(PN)~Atoolthatisusedtoapplyformattingtobordersinatable.
BorderSampler(PN)~Atoolusedtocollecttheformattingofanexistingtableborderso
thatitcanbeappliedtoanotherborder.
BorderStylesgallery(PN)~Agalleryofpredefinedandrecentlyusedformattingstyles
thattheusercanapplytoborders.
borrowedtime(n)~Alimitedamountofusagetimeprovidedafterallpurchasedtimehas
beenexpended.Iftheuserdoesnotaddordownloadmoreusagetimewithinthis
remainingamountoftime,theywillloseaccesstothecomputer.
borrowedusagetime(n)~Alimitedamountofusagetimeprovidedafterallpurchased
timehasbeenexpended.Iftheuserdoesnotaddordownloadmoreusagetimewithinthis
remainingamountoftime,theywillloseaccesstothecomputer.
bot(n)~Aprogramthatperformsataskonanetwork,especiallyataskthatisrepetitiveor
time-consuming.
Bot~(roBOT)-Anautomatedprogram,usuallyperformingafunctionontheinternet
suchasindexingwebpagesorsortingemail.
both-threaded(adj)~Pertainingtoathreadingmodelinwhichtheobjecthasthe
characteristicsofanapartment-threadedobjectaswellasafree-threadedobject.
Bottleneck~Apointatwhichtheperformanceorcapacityofanentiresystemornetwork
canbesignificantlyinfluenced.Formally,abottleneckliesonanetworkorsystem’s
criticalpathandprovidesthelowestthroughput.
bottomappbar(n)~Anappbarthatappearsalongthebottomedgeofthescreenand
mayincludeappcommandsornavigation.
bottom-upestimating(n)~Aprincipleofgoodscheduling.Itmeanshavingthosewhodo
theworkestimatetheeffort,rollinguptask-levelestimates,andrecognizingthat
experienceisthebestestimatingtechnique.
bottom-upestimating(n)~Anestimatingmethodinwhichthebasecostsofindividual
workitemsorresourcesarecalculatedintotask,resource,andprojectcosttotals.
bounce(v)~Toreturnanundeliverableemailmessagetothesender’smailserver.
bounce~Thereturnofapieceofmailbecauseofanerrorinitsdelivery.
bouncemessage(n)~Anon-deliverynotificationthatissenttoane-mailsenderwhena
messagecannotbedeliveredtotheintendedrecipienteithertemporarilyorpermanently.
BounceKeys(n)~AfeatureinWindowsthatinstructstheprocessortoignoredouble
strokesofthesamekeyandotherunintentionalkeystrokes.
bound(n)~Theupperorlowerlimitinapermittedrangeofvalues.
bound(n)~Thesizeandlocationofanobject.
bound(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofafilethatcanbemanagedusingthe
sourcecontrolfeaturesintoolssuchasVisualStudioandExpressionBlend.
boundapplication(n)~Anapplicationfromwithintheboundsystemthatisboundtoa
specificserverwithinthetargetlogicaldatacenter.
boundcolumn(n)~Thecolumninalistbox,combobox,ordrop-downlistboxthat’s
boundtothefieldspecifiedbythecontrol’sControlSourceproperty.
boundcontrol(n)~Acontrolusedonaform,report,ordataaccesspagetodisplayor
modifydatafromatable,query,orSQLstatement.
bounddata(n)~DatalinkedtoaWebpage.
boundelement(n)~Inastaticstructurediagram,auseofaparameterizedclass,or
template,inwhichtheparametersfromtheparameterizedclassareboundtoactualvalues.
boundhyperlinkcontrol(n)~Acontrolusedonadataaccesspagetobindalink,
intranetaddress,orInternetaddresstoaTextfieldinanunderlyingtable.Usewhenyou
wantadifferenthyperlinkaddressforeachrecordinatable—forexample,asyoumove
fromrecordtorecordinaSupplierstable,youcanclickonthehyperlinkandgotoa
differentWebpageforeachsupplier.
bounditem(n)~Anitemthathasbeenextendedwithsystemattributesandline-of-
business(LOB)dataforthepurposeofassociatingitwithanLOBentity.
boundobjectframe(n)~Acontrolonaformorreportusedtodisplayandmanipulate
OLEobjectsthatarestoredintables.
boundstream(n)~Aneventstreamthatcontainsalltheinformationneededtoproduce
events.Eithertheinformationisanalreadyinstantiateddatasource,ortheinformationis
sufficientfortheStreamInsightservertostartthedatasource.
boundsystem(n)~Theapplicationsystemwhoseapplicationsareboundtological
serversasdescribedonadeploymentdiagram.
boundtrap(n)~Inprogramming,aprobleminwhichasetofconditionsexceedsa
permittedrangeofvaluesthatcausesthemicroprocessortostopwhatitisdoingand
handlethesituationinaseparateroutine.
boundary(n)~AnIPsubnet,IPaddressrange,IPv6prefix,orActiveDirectorysitethat
identifiesthenetworklocationofclientsintheConfigurationManagerhierarchy.
boundarydelimiter(n)~Oneormorecharactersthatidentifythestartorendofa
boundary.
boundaryfeedback(n)~Avisualindicationtotheuserthattheendofthepan-ablearea
isreached.Thisfeedbackisprovidedwhenslidingtheparentwindowinthedirectionof
panandseeingitsnapbacktotheinitialpositiononcethefingerisreleased.Thisfeedback
isalsoprovidedwhenthepageismovingwithsomemomentum,andreachestheendof
thescrollableregion.
boundarynetwork(n)~Alogicalportionofanetworkthatcanbeaccessedbycomputers
thatareintherestrictednetworkorthesecurenetwork.
boundaryscan(n)~Atechnologythatallowsengineerstoperformextensivedebugging
anddiagnosticsonasystemthroughasmallnumberofdedicatedtestpins.Signalsare
scannedintoandoutoftheI/Ocellsofadeviceseriallytocontrolitsinputsandtestthe
outputsundervariousconditions.
BoundaryScanDescriptionLanguagefile(n)~Anexternalfilethatdefinesthe
capabilitiesofanysingledevice’sboundaryscanlogic.
boundingbox(n)~Thesmallestrectanglethatcanenclosethetextinatextframe.
boundingbox(n)~Thesmallestrectangularareathatwillsurroundapath,shape,or
groupofobjects.
boundingrectangle(n)~Thesmallestrectangularareathatwillsurroundapath,shape,or
groupofobjects.
Bourneshell(n)~AUNIXcommandprocessordevelopedbyStevenBourne.
bow(n)~Thedistancefromthemidpointofacirculararctothemidpointofthearc’s
chord.
boxmodel(n)~Acascadingstylesheet(CSS)modelwhererectangularboxesare
generatedforelementsinthedocumenttreeandlaidoutaccordingtothevisualformatting
model.
boxplotchart(PN)~Astatisticaltypeofchartthatusesboxestoindicatestatistical
distributionandeasilyidentifyoutlierpoints.Therearefivevalues:upperquartile,lower
quartile,HighBox,LowBox,andMedian.
boxedmode(n)~ATabletPCinputmodethatprovidesarestrictivewritingsurfacewith
aboxedguidethatshowsuserswheretheycanwriteeachcharacter.Inboxedmode,user’s
inkisrecognizedandconvertedtotextwhentheuserstartswritingthenextcharacter.
boxing(n)~Theconversionofavaluetypeinstancetoanobject,whichimpliesthatthe
instancewillcarryfulltypeinformationatruntimeandwillbeallocatedintheheap.The
Microsoftintermediatelanguage(MSIL)instructionset’sboxinstructionconvertsavalue
typetoanobjectbymakingacopyofthevaluetypeandembeddingitinanewly
allocatedobject.
boxplot(PN)~Astatisticaltypeofchartthatusesboxestoindicatestatisticaldistribution
andeasilyidentifyoutlierpoints.Therearefivevalues:upperquartile,lowerquartile,
HighBox,LowBox,andMedian.
BPA(PN)~Atoolwhichexaminesasystemconfigurationandthesettingsagainstasetof
pre-definedrulestogeneratealistofissuesoutlininganybestpracticeviolationsitfinds.
BPAengine(n)~TheenginethatcapturesandprocessestheresultsoftheBestPractice
Analyzer(BPA).
BPAscan(n)~AscanthatisrunbytheBestPracticeAnalyzer(BPA)toidentifyany
issuesthatviolateapre-definedsetofbestpractices.
BPL(n)~Atypeofhigh-speedInternetconnectionusingexistingelectricalwiring.With
BPL,youplugamodemdirectlyintoapoweroutlet.BPLconnectionspeedsare
comparabletothoseofotherbroadbandtechnologies,suchasdigitalsubscriberline(DSL)
orcable.
BPM(n)~Thenumberofheartbeatsperminute.
BPMN(PN)~AstandardnotationforprocessmanagementdevelopedbytheBusiness
ProcessManagementInitiative.
bpp(n)~Thenumberofbits(e.g.8,16,24,or32)usedtostoreanddisplaythecolordata
forasinglepixel.Thisisthestandardunitofmeasureforbitorcolordepth.
bps(n)~Thenumberofbitstransmittedeverysecond,usedasameasureofthespeedat
whichadevice,suchasamodem,cantransferdata.
bps~(BitsPerSecond)-Ameasureofhowquicklyinformationisbeingtransferred,
usuallyviaamodemornetwork.Dividebytentogetanapproximationofthenumberof
characterspersecond(cps).Seealso-Kbps,-Mbps.
BRSouth(PN)~TheSouthBrazilianregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
bracematching(n)~Aneditorfeaturethat,whentheinsertionpointismovedtoabrace,
highlightsthematchingbrace.
bracket(n)~AchainedsetofRequest/Responseunits(RUs)andtheirresponses,which
togethermakeupatransactionbetweentwoLogicalunits(LUs).Onebracketmustbe
finishedbeforeanothercanbestarted.
bracketexpression(n)~Inregularexpressions,anexpressionoftheform[expr]’
bracketedexposures(n)~Aseriesofphotosthatalldepictthesamesceneusingdifferent
exposuresettingsforeachphoto.Eachphotointheseriesis,thereby,eitherlighteror
darkerthananotherintheseries.
Bradesco(PN)~AbankingandfinancialservicescompanyinBrazil.
brainstormingdiagram(n)~Atypeofdiagramthatshowstheinterrelationshipsamong
topicsinahierarchy.Youcanthinkofitasagraphicalillustrationofatextoutline.
branch(n)~Asegmentofalogicaltreestructure,representingafolderandanyfolders
thatitcontains.
branch(v)~Toallowacollectionoffilestoevolveintwoormoredivergentpaths.
branch(n)~Anelementofworkflowlogicthatdefinesanalternativeconditionandaction
oradditionalsteps,incaseswhenthecriteriainaconditionelementarenotmet.Alogical
‘else-if-then’statementinaworkflow.
branch(v)~Inreferencetoapackage,toupgradeanexistingsequencedapplication
packageandrunitside-by-sidewiththeoriginalsequencedapplicationpackage.
branch(n)~Aforkwithinaconversation,wheremorethanonereplywasmadetoa
singlee-mailandcausedasplitintheconversation.
branchcode(n)~Anumericcodeusedincombinationwithabankcodetoidentifya
specificbankbranch.
branchdistributionpoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemthathastheroleof
storingpackagesourcefilesandisdesignedtobelocatedinadistributedlocationwith
limitednetworkbandwidthoralimitednumberofclients.
BranchEdition(n)~AversionofBizTalkServerthatcanbeusedasalocaloffice
implementationwithinadistributed(multi-site)businessorganization.Eachsiteinstance
canbeconnectedtoaBizTalkServerimplementationlocatedinacentralofficeor
headquarters.TheBranchEditioncanbeusedataveryhighscalebutitisonlyapartof
theentireenterprisesolution,ratherthanbeingthewholeenterprisesolutionitself.
branchoffice(n)~Asitethatisgeographicallyseparatedfromthecentralmanagement
site.
branchofficedeploymentscenario(n)~Adeploymentscenarioinwhichconnectivity
betweenthecentralsiteandthebranchofficeisoverawide-area-network(WAN)andis
assumedtobeunreliablewithlowbandwidth.
branchofficeproxy(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerusedtoenableusersin
branchofficestoconnecttothehomeofficeSIPnetwork.
branchplaque(n)~Anaward(plaque)signifiyingaparticularoffice,orbranch,thatisa
memberofthePartnerProgram(certifiedlevel).
BranchCache(PN)~AWindowscomponentthathelpsspeeddatatransferwithinremote
(branch)officesbycachingthedataonalocalserverorindividualPCs.
brandcolors(n)~Thecolorsthatarespecifictoaparticularcompanyorproduct.
brandelement(n)~Adistinctivecomponentthatisuniquetoacompanyandthataddsto
itsrecognitionwithconsumers.
brandidentity(n)~Acompany’sorpartner’slogo,fonts,andcolourthemesorschemes
intendedtovisuallysignifywhoandwhatthecompanyis.
brandimage(n)~Acompany’sorpartner’slogo,fonts,andcolourthemesorschemes
intendedtovisuallysignifywhoandwhatthecompanyis.
brandname(n)~Text,enteredbyameetingorganizer,thatidentifiesthecompanyor
organizationusingLiveMeetingandthatreplacestheimagefile(ifunavailable)inthe
LiveMeetinguserinterface.
brandpersonalityattribute(n)~Acharacteristictypicallyassociatedwithaperson,but
inferablefromexposuretoand/orexperiencewithacommercialbrand.
brandedexperience(n)~Adesignedexperiencethatisintentionallydifferentiatedfrom
otherbrandswithconsistentdeliveryacrossallcustomerchannelsinawaythataddsvalue
tothecorecustomerproposition.
branding(n)~Theprocessofincorporatingacompanyname,logo,supportinformation,
andHelpfilesintotheMicrosoftWindowsinstallation.
Brandingpane(n)~Aclientelementthatdisplaysoptionalbrandingforyourconference
center.
BRB~(BeRightBack)-Internetslang.
breadcrumbbar(n)~Anavigationalelement,usuallyappearingatthetopofawindow,
thatdisplays,andallowsuserstochange,theircurrentlocation.
breadcrumbnavigation(n)~AformofnavigationthatshowsthepathtothecurrentWeb
page.
break(n)~InterruptionofaprogramcausedbytheuserpressingtheBreakkeyorits
equivalent.
break(v)~Tointerruptexecutionatagivenspot,usuallyforthepurposeofdebugging.
break(v)~Tocausearoutine,module,orprogramthathadpreviouslyworkedtocease
workingcorrectly.
break(n)~Interruptionofacommunicationstransmissionthatoccurswhenthereceiving
stationinterruptsandtakesovercontrolofthelineorwhenthetransmittingstation
prematurelyhaltstransmission.
break(n)~Ashortperiodoftimeinaresource’sschedulewheretheresourceisnot
availableforwork.
breakline(n)~Theactuallinethatisshowninadocumenttoindicatealinebreak.
breakmode(n)~Atemporarysuspensionofprogramexecutionwhileinthedevelopment
environment.Inbreakmode,youcanexamine,debug,reset,stepthrough,orcontinue
programexecution.
Breakdown(n)~AshapeinaPivotDiagram,positionedalongtheconnectorbetweena
parentPivotDiagramnodeandthechildrenofthatnode.
break-fix(adj)~Pertainingtoaserviceagreementwhichprovidesfortherepairor
replacementofmultipletypesofin-warrantyorout-of-warrantybrokenITequipmentor
services.
breakoutroom(n)~Asharedspacewheresmallergroupsofattendeescanmeet
separately.
breakpoint(n)~Alocationinaprogramatwhichexecutionishaltedsothata
programmercanexaminetheprogram’sstatus,thecontentsofvariables,andsoon.
breakthroughlist(n)~Thelistofcontactswhomaybreakthroughinquiethours.
Bricksandclicks~businessthatexistedpre-Internetthatnowusese-commerce
technologytosellontheinternet
bridge(n)~Softwareorhardwarethatconnectstwoormorenetworkssothattheycan
communicate,andthatoperatesatthedata-linklayer(layer2)oftheOSImodel.
bridge~Devicethatconnectsandpassespacketsbetweentwonetworksegmentsthatuse
thesamecommunicationsprotocol.Bridgesoperateatthedatalinklayer(Layer2)ofthe
OSIreferencemodel.
bridgelineappearance(n)~Atelephonyfeaturethatmakestwoormorephonesbehave
asiftheyarelinked;thatis,thatacalltoonenumbercausesallphonestoring.
bridgemode(n)~Arouterconfigurationinwhichdatapassesdirectlythroughtherouter
withouttheprotectionofnetworkaddresstranslation.
bridgerouter(n)~Arouterthatsupportsthefunctionsofbothabridgeandrouter.A
bridgerouterlinkstwosegmentsofalocalorwideareanetwork,passingpacketsofdata
betweenthesegmentsasnecessary,andusesLevel2addressesforrouting.
bridgedlineappearance(n)~Atelephonyfeaturethatmakestwoormorephonesbehave
asiftheyarelinked;thatis,thatacalltoonenumbercausesallphonestoring.
bridgedtransaction(n)~Ajournaltransactionthatispostedtoabridgingaccount.
bridgeheadserver(n)~Acomputerthatconnectsserversusingthesamecommunications
protocolssoinformationcanbepassedfromoneservertoanother.
bridgingaccount(n)~Aledgeraccountintowhichtransactionsareenteredastheyawait
manualapprovalbythepersonwhoisspecifiedinthejournalline.
bridgingposting(n)~Atypeofpostinginwhichatransactionisfirstpostedtoabridging
accountandlaterpostedtoadifferentledgeraccount.
brightness(n)~Theamountoflightthatisemittedbyacomputermonitororpicture
displayedonthemonitor.
Brightness,Decrease(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
Brightness,Increase(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
BrilliantBlackforWindowsMediaPlayer(n)~AWindowsMediaPlayerskincreated
specificallyfortouch-screencomputers.
BringYourOwnDevice(PN)~Thesetoffeaturesthatletemployeesusepersonal
devicestoaccesscorporateinformationandservicesandletITadminsmanagesuch
devices.
bring-your-own-license(adj)~Pertainingtofeaturesthatallowuseofexistingproduct
licensesforaproductthatisusedinconnectionwithanotherproduct.
BritPop(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#132.
BRL(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofBrazil.
broadband(n)~Astructureofcompensationlevelsthatincludesbroadrangesofpayper
levelandisgenerallydefinedbygroupingjobswithsimilaraggregatelevelsof
responsibility.Payforindividualjobsisoftenlinkedtotheexternalmarket.Bandsarealso
typicallydifferentiatedbythevariablecompensationawardsavailableateachband.Broad
bandingeliminatesthehierarchyandnarrowrangesofgradedstructuresandallowsranges
tooverlap(forexample,the90thpercentileofBandBequalsthe10thpercentileofBand
C).Broadbandsdonotcontainmidpointsandgenerallydonothavefixedminimumsor
maximums(forexample,allowingpaythatiseitherbelowaminimumorabovea
maximumratewithinabandbecausetheexternalmarketdeterminesaspecificjobrate).
Companiescanstoreadditionalreferencepointsforaband,suchasa50thpercentile(or
ControlPoint),25thand75thpercentile,andbasevariablecompensationononeofthose
points.
broadband(adj)~Oforrelatingtocommunicationssystemsinwhichthemediumof
transmission(suchasawireorfiber-opticcable)carriesmultiplemessagesatatime,each
messagemodulatedonitsowncarrierfrequencybyamodem.
broadband(n)~Atransmissionmediumdesignedforhigh-speeddatatransfersoverlong
distances.CablemodemservicesandDigitalSubscriberLine(DSL)areexamplesof
broadbandnetworks.
Broadband~Internetaccessoveraconnectionmuchfasterthananordinarymodem,
suchas-ADSL-orcable.
broadband~Broadbandisanotherwordforhigh-speedInternet.Becauseittransfers
informationquickly,broadbandisidealfordownloadingmusicandwatchingstreaming
videos.
broadbandconnection(n)~Ahigh-speedInternetconnection.Broadbandconnections
aretypically256kilobytespersecond(KBps)orfaster.BroadbandincludesDSLand
cablemodemservice.
BroadbandIntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork(n)~AnInternational
TelecommunicationUnion-Telecommunication[StandardizationSector](ITU-T)
communicationstandardforhigh-speednetworkingthatprovidesnewservices,including
voice,video,anddataonthesamenetwork.
broadbandnetwork(n)~Atransmissionmediumdesignedforhigh-speeddatatransfers
overlongdistances.CablemodemservicesandDigitalSubscriberLine(DSL)are
examplesofbroadbandnetworks.
broadbandoverpowerlines(n)~Atypeofhigh-speedInternetconnectionusingexisting
electricalwiring.WithBPL,youplugamodemdirectlyintoapoweroutlet.BPL
connectionspeedsarecomparabletothoseofotherbroadbandtechnologies,suchas
digitalsubscriberline(DSL)orcable.
broadcast(adj)~Senttomorethanonerecipient.Incommunicationsandonnetworks,a
broadcastmessageisonedistributedtoallstations.
broadcast(n)~Amethodbywhichaclientreceivesastream.Duringabroadcast
connection,clientscannotcontrolthestream.Thisistheoppositeofanon-demand
presentation.
broadcast(v)~Inwirelessnetworking,forawirelessrouteroraccesspointtotransmitits
servicesetidentifier(SSID)everyfewsecondssothatcomputersanddevicescandetect
andconnecttothenetwork.
broadcast~Datapacketthataresenttoallnodesonanetwork.Broadcastsareidentified
byabroadcastaddress.
broadcastaddress(n)~AnInternetProtocolversion4(IPv4)addressthatisdestinedfor
allhostsonaparticularnetworksegment.
broadcastbit(n)~Aone-bitfieldvalueintheflagsfieldoftheDHCPpacketsentbythe
clienttoprovideahinttotheDHCPserverandtotherelayagentstobroadcastany
messagessenttotheclient.
broadcastmessage(n)~Anetworkmessagesentfromasinglecomputerthatis
distributedtoallotherdevicesonthesamesegmentofthenetworkasthesending
computer.
broadcastnetwork(n)~Anetworkthatsupportsmorethantwoattachedroutersandhas
theabilitytoaddressasinglephysicalmessagetoalloftheattachedrouters(broadcast).
Ethernetisanexampleofabroadcastnetwork.
broadcastpublishingpoint(n)~Atypeofpublishingpointthatstreamscontentto
multipleusersatonce,similartoatelevisionbroadcast.Contentstreamedfroma
broadcastpublishingpointcanbedeliveredasamulticastorunicaststream.
BroadcastSlideShow(PN)~Afeaturethatenablespresentersintherichclientto
broadcastaslideshowtoremoteviewerswatchinginaWebbrowser.Throughoutthe
presentation,theremoteattendeeswillseethecurrentslidebeingshownbythepresenter.
broadcastverification(n)~Byusingatechnologycalledvideoencodedinvisiblelight
(VEIL),amethodwherebyMarketingPilotuserscanverifythattheTVadsthathavebeen
orderedactuallyranasordered.
brochure(n)~Athreeorfour-panelpublicationstyletypicallyusedtopresentinformation
aboutproducts,servicesorspecialoffers.
brokenhyperlink(n)~AhyperlinkthatpointstoanincorrectURLoramissingpageor
file.
brokenlink(n)~AhyperlinkthatpointstoanincorrectURLoramissingpageorfile.
brokeredmessaging(n)~Anasynchronousmessagingservice:Producers(senders)and
consumers(receivers)donothavetobeonlineatthesametime.Themessaging
infrastructurestoresmessagesuntiltheconsumingpartyisreadytoreceivethem.This
allowsthecomponentsofthedistributedapplicationtobedisconnected.
brokeredservice(n)~Aserviceprovidedthroughtheinteractionoftwoormore
applicationsbeingintegratedwhereanintermediaryliesbetweentheservicerequestorand
theserviceproviderperformingsomefunctionsforsecurity,reliabilityandoverall
monitoringoftheperformanceofinteractions.
Bronze(adj)~Themimimumservicelevelthatcanbeallocatedtoacase.Theservice
contractacustomerpurchasesdeterminestheservicelevelforitsassociatedcases.
brouter(n)~Arouterthatsupportsthefunctionsofbothabridgeandrouter.Abridge
routerlinkstwosegmentsofalocalorwideareanetwork,passingpacketsofdatabetween
thesegmentsasnecessary,andusesLevel2addressesforrouting.
browse(v)~Toscanadatabase,alistoffiles,ortheInternet,eitherforaparticularitem
orforanythingthatseemstobeofinterest.
browsebutton(n)~Abuttonthatdisplaysadialogboxtohelpusersselectavalidvalue.
browsefor(v)~Toscanadatabase,alistoffiles,ortheInternet,eitherforaparticular
itemorforanythingthatseemstobeofinterest.
browsemode(n)~Afunctionthatletsyouscandatabaserowsandupdatetheirvaluesone
rowatatime.
browseserver(n)~AcomputeronaMicrosoftnetworkthatmaintainsalistofcomputers
andservicesavailableonthenetwork.
browser(n)~AcomputeronaMicrosoftnetworkthatmaintainsalistofcomputersand
servicesavailableonthenetwork.
browser(n)~AsoftwareprogramusedtodisplaywebpagesandtonavigatetheInternet.
Browser~AprogramusedforviewingWorldWideWebpagesontheInternet.Usually
availablefreefordownload.PopularbrowsersincludeInternetExplorer(IE),whichis
builtintoWindows,MozillaFirefox,andGoogleChrome.Themostpopularbrowseron
AppledevicesisSafari.
browserextension(n)~AprogramthatextendsthecapabilitiesofInternetExplorer.
browserhelperobject(n)~Anin-processComponentObjectModel(COM)component
thatInternetExplorerwillloadeachtimeitstarts;itrunsinthesamememorycontextas
thebrowserandcanperformactionsontheavailablewindowsandmodules.
BrowserLink(n)~AchannelbetweenVisualStudioIDEandanyopenbrowsertoallow
dynamicdataexchangebetweenawebapplicationandVisualStudio.
browsermix(n)~Amixofbrowsersselectedforthetestscenarioandtheirpercentage
distributionswithinthetestscenario.Thepercentagedistributiondeterminesthe
probabilitythatavirtualuserisrunningaspecificbrowserprofile.
browsermodifier(n)~Softwarethatchangesbrowsersettings,suchasthehomepage,
withoutadequateconsent.
browserplug-in(n)~Akindofsoftwarethatletsastandardwebbrowserdisplayandrun
specifictypesofcontent,suchasmediafiles,animations,andinteractiveforms.
browserprofile(n)~AcollectionofHTTPheaderstosimulateaparticularbrowser,such
asInternetExplorer6orNetscape6.
browserwindow(n)~Awindowthatservesasaninterfacebetweentheuserandthe
browser.
browser-compatibleformtemplate(n)~AformtemplatethatisdesignedinInfoPathby
usingaspecificcompatibilitymode.Abrowser-compatibleformtemplatecanbebrowser-
enabledwhenitispublishedtoaserverrunningInfoPathFormsServices.
browser-compatiblemode(n)~Amodethatdisplaysthenecessaryribbons,toolsand
filiteredfunctionalitysothattheresultingapplicationisWeb-compatible.
browser-enabledformtemplate(n)~Abrowser-compatibleformtemplatethathasbeen
publishedtoaserverrunningInfoPathFormsServices,andthathasbeenbrowser-enabled
sothatuserscanbothdisplayandfillouttheforminaWebbrowser.
browser-safepalette(n)~ApaletteofcolorsdesignedtodisplaypicturesontheWeb,
regardlessofthebrowseroroperatingsystemused.Abrowser-safecolorpaletteprotects
againstcolor-flashingorinaccuratecolormapping.
browsinghistory(n)~Auser’sprivateinformationsuchastemporaryfiles,history,
passwords,webformentries,andcookiesthatcapturesInternetsurfingandotheronline
activities.
brush(n)~Agraphicalobjectusedinpaintprogramstosketchorfillinareasofa
drawingwiththecolor,pattern,orimagecurrentlyinuse.
brushresource(n)~Abrushthatisencapsulatedinsuchawaythatitcanbereused
elsewhereinyourapplication.
brushstroke(n)~Alinestyleresemblingnaturalmediapaintstrokesorphotorealistic
imagesthatyoucanapplytoanobject.
BrushTransform(PN)~Atoolusedtomodifytheappearanceofabrushsetonan
object.Theappliedbrushcanberotated,scaled,skewed,etc.Theeffectisnotnoticedona
solidcolorbrush.
bruteforceattack(n)~Anattackbyamalicioususerormalicioussoftwareona
computeroroperatingsystemtofindasecretpasswordorasymmetricencryptionkeyby
guessingpasswordsorkeysuntilthecorrectpasswordorkeyisdiscovered.
BSB(n)~Aseriesof6digitsusedinAustraliaandNewZealandtoidentifybanksand
theirbranchesandforroutingtransactions.
BSD(n)~AUNIXversiondevelopedattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,
providingadditionalcapabilitiessuchasnetworking,extraperipheralsupport,anduseof
extendedfilenames.BSDUNIXwasinstrumentalingainingwidespreadacceptanceof
UNIXandingettingacademicinstitutionsconnectedtotheInternet.BSDUNIXisnow
beingdevelopedbyBerkeleySoftwareDesign,Inc.
BSDLfile(n)~Anexternalfilethatdefinesthecapabilitiesofanysingledevice’s
boundaryscanlogic.
B-spline(PN)~Atoolthatallowsausertodrawavectorpathdefinedbyaseriesof
pointsthatindicatethedirectionthepathshouldfollow.
b-splinepath(n)~Avectorpathdefinedbyaseriesofpointsthatindicatethedirection
thepathshouldfollow.EachnodeonaB-splinepathcanbeacurveorcornercontrol
node.B-SplinepathsaresimilartoBezierpaths,butcurvesaredescribedbyanchorpoints
placedoffthepathitself.
BTC(n)~AdigitalcurrencythatusesBitcoin.
B-tree(n)~Atreestructureforstoringdatabaseindexes.
BTS(oth)~ThefamilyofMicrosoftserverproductsthatsupportlargescale
implementationmanagementofenterpriseapplicationintegrationprocesses.
BTW~(ByTheWay)-Internetslang.
bubblechart(n)~Avariationonascatterchartinwhichthedatapointsarereplacedwith
bubbles,andthreevaluesarecomparedinsteadoftwo.Thethirdvaluedeterminesthesize
ofthebubblemarker.
bubblemap(n)~Ageographicalmapthatdisplaysacircleoverspecificlocations,where
theradiusofthecircleisproportionaltoanumericvalue.
bubblepacket(n)~AdatapacketthatistypicallysenttocreateormaintainaNAT
mappingandconsistsofanIPv6headerwithnoIPv6payload.
bubble-jetprinter(n)~Aformofnonimpactprinterthatusesamechanismsimilartothat
usedbyanink-jetprintertoshootinkfromnozzlestoformcharactersonpaper.Abubble-
jetprinterusesspecialheatingelementstopreparetheink,whereasanink-jetprinteruses
piezoelectriccrystals.
bubbling(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundation,aneventroutingstrategywherethe
eventinstancemovesuptheelementtree(startingwiththesourceandendingattheroot
ofthevisualtree).
bucket(n)~Avirtualcontainerthatholdsaparticularcategoryofitemsordata.
bucketcount(n)~Thenumberofbucketsinthehashindex.
Buckettool(n)~Atoolthatallowstheusertochangethecolorofagroupofpixelsat
once.
Bucketizer(PN)~Apost-processorthatprocessestherawXMLdatacollectedbythe
UpdateCompatibilityEvaluator(UCE)andsendsittoacentralizedlocation.
budget(n)~Astatementthatestimatesprojectedincomeandexpensesforaperiodof
time.
budget(n)~Afinancialplanthatcontrolexpendituresforplannedactivities.
budgetallocated(n)~Theamountofmoneydesignatedforanactivityortask.
BudgetAllocated(n)~IntheMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuserinterface,afieldinwhich
userstypetheamountofmoneydesignatedforacampaignactivity.
budgetallocationterm(n)~Thefinancialdimensionvaluesandthepercentagesthatare
usedtogeneratebudgetallocations.
budgetatcompletion(n)~Theoriginalproject,resource,andassignmentcostasshown
inthebaselineplan.Thebaselinecostisasnapshotofthecostatthetimewhenthe
baselineplanwassaved.
budgetcontrol(n)~Apracticeofauthorizingexpenditureonlywhenbudgetfundscanbe
reservedtomeetfuturepaymentcommitments.
budgetcontroldimension(n)~Acombinationofactivefinancialdimensionsvaluesused
toallocatebudgetfundstopayforplannedactivities.
budgetcontrolrule(n)~Theencodingofabusinessdecisiontocheckcommittedand
actualexpenditureagainstavailablebudgetfundsallocatedfordetailedoraggregate
activitiesdefinedbyvalidbudgetcontroldimensionvaluecombinations.
budgetcycletimespan(n)~Atimeperiodspecifiedasanumberoffiscalcalendar
periods.Thebudgetperiodcanbedifferentfromtheaccountingperiod.
budgetgroup(n)~Asetoffinancialdimensionvaluesinabudgetdimensionhierarchy
thatisusedtocalculateaggregatebudgetfundsallocatedtosuperordinatefinancial
dimensionvaluesbysummingbudgetfundsallocatedtosubordinatefinancialdimension
values.
budgetmodel(n)~Aplanningstructureusedtoschedulebudgetfundallocationsand
expenditures.
BudgetMonitoring(PN)~TheDuetend-userapplicationthatenablesMicrosoftOffice
Outlookuserstoreceivebudgetreports,alerts,andnotificationsthataregeneratedinSAP
systemsintheformofe-mailsdeliveredtoOutlookInbox.Userscanthenworkonthese
reportsfromwithinOutlook.
budgetplan(n)~Adocumentthatisusedtodevelopestimatesforamountsandunitsin
budgetplanscenarios.
budgetplanscenario(n)~Aclassificationofbudgetplanlines,suchasPrioryearor
Departmentrequest,thatdescribesthebudgetthatyouareworkingwithorplanningfor.
budgetplanningprocess(n)~Aprocessthatidentifiesthebudgetcycleandledgerforthe
budgetplanningperiodanddefineshowthebudgetplanswillberouted,reviewed,and
approvedinanorganizationhierarchy.
budgetresource(n)~Aresourcethatcapturesthemaximumcapacityforaprojectto
consumemoney,work,ormaterialunitsforaproject.Budgetscanonlybeappliedatthe
projectlevelbyassigningabudgetresourcetotheprojectsummarytask.
budgetrevision(n)~Achangetoabudgetthataffectsthecurrentandremainingavailable
budgetfunds.
budgetschedule(n)~Aschedulefortheplannedexpenditureofallocatedfinancial
resources.
budgetsource(n)~Thesourceoftheoriginalbudgetamountsfortheproject.
budgetthreshold(n)~Abudgetthresholdisthelevelofbudgetusageatwhichyoucan
preventpostingordisplaywarnings.
budgetedcostofworkperformed(n)~Theearnedvaluefieldthatindicateshowmuch
ofthetask’sbudgetshouldhavebeenspent,giventheactualdurationofthetask.
budgetedcostofworkscheduled(n)~Theearnedvaluefieldthatshowshowmuchof
thebudgetshouldhavebeenspent,inviewofthebaselinecostofthetask,assignment,or
resource.BCWSiscalculatedasthecumulativetimephasedbaselinecostsuptothestatus
dateortoday’sdate.
Budgeting&taxes(PN)~ThePersonalFinancesubcategorycontainingappstohelp
peoplecreatebudgetsandpreparetaxreturns.
buffer(n)~Anareaofmemoryreservedfortemporarilyholdingdatabeforethatdatais
usedbyareceivingdeviceorapplication.Bufferingprotectsagainsttheinterruptionof
dataflow.
buffer(v)~Tousearegionofmemorytoholddatathatiswaitingtobetransferred,
especiallytoorfrominput/output(I/O)devicessuchasdiskdrivesandserialports.
buffer(n)~Aquantityoftimeormaterialsmaintainedintheworkflowasacushion
againstfluctuationsinthroughput.
Buffer~Atemporarystorageareafordata,oftenusedto‘smoothout’incomingaudioor
videostreams.Severalsecondsworthofmaterialisstoredinthebufferanditisthen
playedbackfromthere,sothatifthereisabriefinterruptioninthestreamyourmusicor
videodoesn’tstop.
buffer~Astorageareausedforhandlingdataintransit.Buffersareusedin
internetworkingtocompensatefordifferencesinprocessingspeedbetweennetwork
devices.Burstsofdatacanbestoredinbuffersuntiltheycanbehandledbyslower
processingdevices.Sometimesreferredtoasa-packetbuffer.
buffercache(n)~Ablockofmemoryreservedforindexandtabledatapages.
bufferoverflow(n)~Aconditionthatresultsfromaddingmoreinformationtoabuffer
thanitwasdesignedtohold.Anattackermayexploitthisvulnerabilitytotakeovera
system.
bufferoverrun(n)~Aconditionthatresultsfromaddingmoreinformationtoabuffer
thanitwasdesignedtohold.Anattackermayexploitthisvulnerabilitytotakeovera
system.
bufferpool(n)~Ablockofmemoryreservedforindexandtabledatapages.
buffersize(n)~Thesizeoftheareaofmemoryreservedfortemporarystorageofdata.
bufferspace(n)~Theamountofmemory,inbytes,availablefortemporarystorageof
data.
bufferstorage(n)~Anareaofstoragethatisusedtoholddatatobepassedbetween
devicesthatarenotsynchronizedorhavedifferentbittransferrates.
buffering(n)~Astheclientrendersthestream,theinterruptionofflowwhiletheclient
temporarilystoresstreamingcontentbeforeplayingit,inordertoprotectagainstplayback
interruption.Thestreamingcontentisdownloadedintoabuffer,andthenplayedafteran
amountsufficienttopreventplaybackinterruptionhasbeenstored.Bufferingwillalways
occuriftheencodedbitrateofthestreamexceedstheavailablenetworkbandwidth.
BecauseaSmoothStreamingpresentationcontainsmultiplecopiesofthevideo,each
encodedatdifferentbitrates,theclientcanuseSmoothStreamingheuristicstoswitchtoa
bitratethatavoidsbuffering.
bug(n)~Anerrorincodingorlogicthatcausesaprogramtomalfunctionortoproduce
incorrectresults.
bug(n)~Atypeofworkitemthatrecordsapotentialsourceofdissatisfactionwiththe
product.Thecommonnameofaworkitemtypefortrackingcodedefects.
Bug~Error,especiallyinaprogram,thathasbeenmissedintesting.Thestorygoesthat
theoriginalbugwasaninsectthatgotitselfcrematedinsideanelectricalcircuitinan
earlycomputer,causingittofail(andIdon’tsupposetheinsectenjoyeditmuch,
either).-Ittookthemagestofigureoutwhatwascausingtheproblem,andwhenthey
eventuallyfoundthebugthestorypassedintolegend.
bug~Anerrorinapieceofsoftwarethatstopsitfromworkingthewaythatitshoulddo.
bugallotment(n)~Achunkofdevelopmenttimeallocatedtofixbugs.Anallotmentis
createdbyleavingslackintheiterationplan.
bugconvergence(n)~Thepointatwhichtherateoffixedbugsexceedstherateoffound
bugs.Bugconvergenceisavisibleindicationthattheteamismakingprogressagainstthe
activebugcount.Itisasignthattheprojectendiswithinreach.
build(n)~Anamedsetofdeliverables(softwarecomponents)produced,usuallyby
compiling,fromadiscretesetofsourceversions.
build(v)~Totranslateallthesourcecodeofaprogramfromahigh-levellanguageinto
objectcodepriortoexecutionoftheprogram.
build(n)~Theversionfromthemainassemblyoftheapplication,whichisautomatically
incrementedwhentheassemblyisbuilt,andwhichisstoredinAssemblyinfo.cs.
buildacceptancetest(n)~Agroupoftestsusedtodeterminethehealthofabuildata
highlevel.Typically,thesetestsexercisethecorefunctionalitytohelpteammembers
determinewhetherfurthertestingisworthwhile.Theyarerunafterthedailybuildto
verifythatcompilationofsourcecodehasbeenbuiltsuccessfullyandisreadyforfurther
testing.
buildactivity(n)~AWindowsWorkflowFoundationactivitythatispartoftheTeam
FoundationServerbuildprocess.Itincorporatesthelogicthatisexecutedbefore,during,
orafterthebuildingofasoftwareapplication.
buildagent(n)~Abackgroundprocessthatreceives,runs,andreportsonTeam
FoundationServerbuildsandotherpropertysettingsonasinglecomputer.Thebuild
agentcommunicateswiththebuildcontroller,usuallylocatedonanothercomputer.
buildconfiguration(n)~Theconfigurationofaparticularbuild.
buildcontroller(n)~Abackgroundprocessthatmanagesasetofbuildagents.
Buildcontrollername(n)~Thenameofabuildcontroller.TouseTeamFoundation
Build,yourteammusthaveatleastonebuildcontrollertoperformlightweighttasksand
distributetheprocessor-intensiveworkofyourbuildprocesstoitspoolofbuildagents.
buildcycle(n)~Apartoftheinternalreleasecycle.Itistheprocessofaddingfeatures,
creatingtestcasesforeach,stabilizingeachfeaturebeforebuildingnewfeatures,andthen
releasingforevaluation.
builddefinition(n)~Asetofa)buildactivitiesandb)theconditionsunderwhichthe
workflowisactivated,thattogetherbuildasinglesolutionorasetofsolutionsinateam
project.
BuildDependencies(n)~Whenbuildingasolutionthatcontainsmultipleprojects,itcan
benecessarytobuildcertainprojectsfirst,togeneratecodeusedbyotherprojects.Build
dependenciesallowyoutospecifywhichprojectsdependonwhichotherprojects.
builddirectory(n)~Afolderlocationonthedevelopmentsysteminwhichtherun-time
imageisplacedduringthebuildprocess.
buildengineer(n)~Anengineerwhoisresponsibleforthecompilationofanamedsetof
deliverablesfromadiscretesetofsourceversions.
builderror(n)~Amessagethatnotifiesyouofanissuethatbreaksthebuild.
buildevent(n)~Thedefinitionofthebuildprocess.Abuildeventletsyouspecifyan
actiontooccurataspecifictimeinthebuildprocess.Forexample,youcoulduseabuild
eventtoregisterafilewithregsvr32.exeaftertheprojectfinishesbuilding.
buildhealth(n)~Thequalityoftheas-builtsoftware.
buildlog(n)~TherecordedtextoutputofaVisualStudiobuild,oftenindicating
commandlinesissuedandstatusofeachstepinthebuildprocess.ForaC++build,this
fileiscalledBuildLog.htm.
buildminute(n)~Aunitofmeasurefortheamountofcomputingtimeittakestobuilda
project.
BuildNotifications(n)~MicrosoftVisualStudioapplicationthatcanbeaccessedthrough
TeamFoundationServerToolstoreceivealertsfromthesystemtraywhenabuildis
completed.
buildnumber(n)~Aversionofaprogram.
buildpolicy(n)~Asetofrulesthatenablesdeveloperstorun,monitor,andmanage
builds.
buildrule(n)~AsetofguidelinesthatdeterminehowaVisualStudioprojectisbuilt.
BuildServiceAccountsgroup(n)~Abuildservercanbuildandtestcodeinateam
projectcollectiononlyifthebuildserviceaccountisamemberoftheProjectCollection
BuildServiceAccounts-groupofthatcollection.
buildtype(n)~Atemplateusedtomanagetheconditionsunderwhichasinglesolutionor
asetofsolutionswillbebuilt.
buildverificationtest(n)~Agroupoftestsusedtodeterminethehealthofabuildata
highlevel.Typically,thesetestsexercisethecorefunctionalitytohelpteammembers
determinewhetherfurthertestingisworthwhile.Theyarerunafterthedailybuildto
verifythatcompilationofsourcecodehasbeenbuiltsuccessfullyandisreadyforfurther
testing.
builder(n)~Atoolthatsimplifiesatask.
buildingblock(n)~Areusablepieceofcontent,formattinginformationorother
documentpartsthatarestoredingalleries.
buildingblock(n)~Oneofthreeprimaryelements(rowworksheet,columnworksheet,
andreportingtree)usedtoconstructareportinManagementReporter.
BuildingBlocksOrganizer(n)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstopreview,editordelete
buildingblocksinavarietyofgalleries,andinsertthemintothecurrentdocument.
buildingplan(n)~Ageneralcategorythatcouldrepresentafloorplan,homeplan,or
otherlayout.
build-to-order(n)~Pertainingtotheprocessofmanufacturingacomputeraccordingtoa
customer`sspecification.
build-to-plan(n)~Pertainingtotheprocessofmanufacturingcomputersaccordingtoa
generalspecification.
built-in(v)~Pertainingtoasourcecategoryofloggingfieldsthatisincludedbydefaultin
IISAdvancedLoggingandwhichcannotbeedited.
built-inadministrator(n)~OnWindows-basedcomputers,auseraccountthatisa
memberofthecomputer’slocalAdministratorsgrouporamemberofagroupthatisa
memberofthelocalAdministratorsgroup,suchastheDomainAdminsgroupina
Windowsdomain.Thisisthefirstaccountthatiscreatedwhenyouinstallanoperating
systemonanewworkstation,stand-aloneserver,ormemberserver.Bydefault,this
accounthasthehighestlevelofadministrativeaccesstothelocalcomputer.
built-inadministratoraccount(n)~OnWindows-basedcomputers,auseraccountthatis
amemberofthecomputer’slocalAdministratorsgrouporamemberofagroupthatisa
memberofthelocalAdministratorsgroup,suchastheDomainAdminsgroupina
Windowsdomain.Thisisthefirstaccountthatiscreatedwhenyouinstallanoperating
systemonanewworkstation,stand-aloneserver,ormemberserver.Bydefault,this
accounthasthehighestlevelofadministrativeaccesstothelocalcomputer.
built-inapp(n)~Anappthatisincludedintheproductwhenauserfirststartsusingit.
built-inexperience(n)~AnexperiencethatshipsnativelyinWin8and-thatvendorscan
extend-e.g.print,mobilebroadband.
built-infunctions(n)~AgroupofpredefinedfunctionsprovidedaspartoftheTransact-
SQLandMultidimensionalExpressionslanguages.
built-ingroup(n)~Adefaultsecuritygroupinstalledwiththeoperatingsystem.Built-in
groupshavebeengrantedusefulcollectionsofrightsandbuilt-inabilities.
built-inmenu(n)~Amenuthatisavailablebydefaultinanapplication;itisnotcreated
bytheuser.
built-inmicrophone(n)~Amicrophonethatispartofadevice.
built-inrolegroup(n)~Arolegroupthatshipsbydefaultasopposedtoacustomized
rolegroupthataadminwouldcustomizespecificallyfortheneedsoftheirorganization
built-instyle(n)~Theformattingattributesthatareavailablebydefaultinan
application’sstylelist.
built-intoolbar(n)~Atoolbarthatispartofanapplicationwhenit’sinstalledonyour
computer.
BUILTIN\Administrators(n)~Useraccount(localadministrators)
bulkadd(n)~Aprocedurebywhichanadministratorcanaddagroupofusers(or
propertiesforusers)toanaccount.
bulkcopy(n)~Anactionofcopyingalargesetofdata.
BulkCopyProgram(n)~AcommandpromptbulkcopyutilitythatcopiesSQLServer
datatoorfromanoperatingsystemfileinauser-specifiedformat.
BulkDeletion(PN)~Asystemjobthatdeletesselectedrecordsfromoneentity.
BulkDuplicateDetection(PN)~Asystemjobthatdetectsduplicaterecordsforone
entity.
bulkedit(n)~Aprocedurebywhichausercansimultaneouslychangespecified
propertiesforagroupofselecteditems.
BulkE-mail(PN)~Asystemjobthatsendse-mailmessagestorecipientsspecifiedbythe
user.
bulkencryption(n)~Aprocessinwhichlargeamountsofdata,suchasfiles,e-mail
messages,oronlinecommunicationssessions,areencryptedforconfidentiality.Itis
usuallydonewithasymmetrickeyalgorithm.
bulkexport(n)~TocopyalargesetofdatarowsoutofaSQLServertableintoadata
file.
bulkimport(v)~Toloadalargeamountofdata,usuallyinbatches,fromadatafileor
repositorytoanotherdatarepository.
BulkImportWizard(n)~Atoolusedtoaddmultiplerowsofdataintoadatabaseinone
operation.
bulkingestion(n)~Theintakeofmultiplepiecesofcontentbyaserviceinasingle
operation.
bulkitem(n)~Aformulaiteminputintoaproductdeliveryactivity.
bulkload(n)~Anactionofinsertingalargesetofrowsintoatable.
bulklogbackup(n)~Abackupthatincludesloganddatapageschangedbybulk
operations.Point-in-timerecoveryisnotallowed.
bulkmail(n)~Large-volumemail.
bulkmailprotection(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheblockingofnewsletter-typeemail
thatusersmayhaveoptedinto.
bulkorder(n)~Anorderforalargequantityofproductsorservices.Theminimum
quantitythatqualifiesasabulkorderissetbyindividualcompanies.
bulkrowsetprovider(n)~AproviderusedfortheOPENROWSETinstructiontoread
datafromafile.InSQLServer2005,OPENROWSETcanreadfromadatafilewithout
loadingthedataintoatargettable.ThisenablesyoutouseOPENROWSETwithasimple
SELECTstatement.
BulkSmartCardIssuanceTool(PN)~Asoftwareprogramrunningonaclientcomputer
thatacertificatemanagercanusetosimultaneouslyissuemultiplecertificates.
bulkstorage(n)~Anymediumcapableofcontaininglargequantitiesofinformation,
suchastape,fixeddisk,oropticaldisc.
bulk-loggedrecoverymodel(n)~Adatabaserecoverymodethatminimallylogsbulk
operations,suchasindexcreationandbulkimports,whilefullyloggingothertransactions.
Bulk-loggedrecoveryincreasesperformanceforbulkoperations,andisintendedtobe
usedanadjuncttothefullrecoverymodel.
bulleted(adj)~Markedwithabullet(atypographicalsymbolsuchasafilledorempty
circle,diamond,box,orasterisk.)
bulletedlist(n)~Alistinwhicheachitemorblockoftextisprecededbyabullet.
Bulletedlist(PN)~TheSwaybuttonthatallowsuserstocreateabulletedlistoutoftheir
text.
BulletinBoard~Asemi-publicareawhichcomputeruserscanconnecttousinga
modem,toreadandpostmessagesand/orexchangefiles.Nowlargelyreplacedby
websites.
BulletinBoardSystem(n)~Anapplicationorcomputerthatmakesitpossibletojoinan
onlinecommunityandexchangemessages,sharefiles,andparticipateinUsenetandchat
rooms,oftenatnotcost.TheBBSfounditsinspirationintraditionalbulletinboardsthat
heldparticipants’postedcommunication.
bumpmap(n)~Asetofper-pixelcolorandluminancedatausedtosimulaterelief,detail,
ortexture(bumps)onthesurfaceofagraphicobjectwithoutmodifyingthegeometryof
theobjectmodel.
bumpmapping(n)~Atechniqueforsimulatingtheappearanceofroughsurfacesin3-D
scenes.Variationsindeptharestoredinatextureandappliedtogeometry,usingstandard
texture-blendingtechniques.
bumperadvertisements(n)~Advertisingcontentthatisplayedbeforeandafterthe
primarycontent.
bundle(n)~Tocombineproductsforsaleasalot.Frequently,operatingsystemsoftware
andsomewidelyusedapplicationsarebundledwithacomputersystemforsale.
bundle(n)~Thegroupingofjobsinshopfloorcontrolsothatmultiplejobscanbestarted
atonetime.
bundle(n)~Thecombinationofanumberofproductsforsaleasoneunit.
bundle(v)~Togroupjobsinshopfloorcontrolsothatmultiplejobscanbestartedatone
time.
bundledtrial(n)~Atrialsubscriptionforaservicethatincludesdifferentoptions.
bundling(n)~Thecombingoffiles(typicallyJavaScript,CSS)intoonefiletoreducethe
numberofHTTPrequestsforresources.
burdenhour(n)~Anhourthatisincludedinacalculationasnonbillableorinefficient,
e.g.,hoursthatcannotbechargedtoacustomer.
buriedvia(n)~Acopperplatedholethatinterconnectsoneormoreinternallayers,but
doesnotconnecttoanexternallayer,hencetheholeiscompletelyinternalorburied
withintheboard.
burn(v)~TocopyfilestoarecordableCD.
Burn~CreateaCDorDVD.
burn~CreateaCDorDVD.
BurnaSharingDisc(v)~Acontrolthatinitiatesburningadiscwithselectedpicturesfor
sharing.
burndestination(n)~Thedrivethatisusedtoburnthedisc.
BurnPicturesandVideosWizard(n)~Thewizardusedtoburnpicturesandvideosona
disk.
burnrate(n)~Acalculationofthecompletedandrequiredrateofworkbasedona
specifiedtimeperiod.
burndown(n)~Thetrendofcompletedandremainingworkoveraspecifiedtimeperiod.
burndownchart(n)~Agraphicalrepresentationoftheamountofworkleftandthe
periodoftimeavailable.
BurntGlazeButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectaburntglazefinishfortheircake.
burst(n)~Transferofablockofdataallatonetimewithoutabreak.Certain
microprocessorsandcertainbuseshavefeaturesthatsupportvarioustypesofburst
transfers.
burst(n)~Themultiplephotostakenonshutterpresstocapturemovingsubjects.The
usercanpickthebestoneorjustacceptthephotorecommendedbythesoftware.
burst~Temporaryincreasednetworkloadingduetoadatasurgeoralarmavalanche
burstdensity(n)~ThefractionofRTP(Real-TimeTransportProtocol)datapackets
withinburstperiodssincethebeginningofreceptionthatwereeitherlostordiscarded.A
burstperiodisaperiodinwhichahighproportionofpacketsareeitherlostordiscarded
duetolatearrival.
burstduration(n)~Themeanduration,expressedinmilliseconds,oftheburstperiods
thathaveoccurredsincethebeginningofreception.
burstlength(n)~Themeanduration,expressedinmilliseconds,oftheburstperiodsthat
haveoccurredsincethebeginningofreception.
burstmode(n)~Amethodofdatatransferinwhichinformationiscollectedandsentasa
unitinonehigh-speedtransmission.Inburstmode,aninput/outputdevicetakescontrolof
amultiplexerchannelforthetimerequiredtosenditsdata.Ineffect,themultiplexer,
whichnormallymergesinputfromseveralsourcesintoasinglehigh-speeddatastream,
becomesachanneldedicatedtotheneedsofonedeviceuntiltheentiretransmissionhas
beensent.Burstmodeisusedbothincommunicationsandbetweendevicesinacomputer
system.
burstmode(n)~Acameraoptionthatenablesuserstocapturemovingsubjectsby
snappingmultiplephotosonshutterpressandallowingtheusertopickthebestoneorjust
acceptthephotorecommendedbythesoftware.
bus(n)~Acommunicationlineusedfordatatransferamongthecomponentsofa
computersystem.
bus~Acommunicationpathwaybetweenthecomponentsinyourcomputer.
bus~Bustopologyhascomputersconnectedtoastrandofnetworkcablingthatis
connectedtonetworkrepeatersatoneendandterminatedattheother.
busenumerator(n)~InaPlugandPlay(PnP)operatingsystem,abusdriverthatdetects
devicesthatarelocatedonaspecificbus.Thedriverthenloadsinformationaboutthe
devicesintothehardwaretree.
business(n)~Anentitythatprovidesgoodsand/orservicestoothers.
Business(adj)~Afieldthatcontainsacontact’sbusinessphonenumber.
business(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesbusinessoperationsorcareer
advancement.
Business(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesbusinessoperationsorcareer
advancement.
businessaccount(n)~Thepersonorbusinesstowhichthesalespersontriestosella
productorservice.
BusinessActivityMonitoring(n)~ABizTalkServerfeaturethatgivesbusinessusersa
real-timeviewoftheirheterogeneousbusinessprocesses,enablingthemtomake
importantbusinessdecisions.
BusinessActivityServices(n)~ABizTalkServerfeaturethatenablesbusinessusersto
configurebusinessprocessesandinteractwithtradingpartners.
businessactivitystatement(n)~AformthatAustralianbusinessesfiletoreportandpay
taxes.
businessanalyst(n)~Apersonwhoidentifiesthebusinessneedsoftheirclientstohelp
determinesolutionstobusinessproblems.Thispersonhasastrongknowledgeofbusiness
activitymonitoringandenterpriseprocessmanagement.Thispersonanalyzes
multidimensionalbusinessinformationbasedonkeyperformanceindicatorsandisa
liaisonbetweenseniormanagementandtheITstaff.
businessanalytics(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludesSQL
StreamInsight,SQLReporting,andHadoop.
businessanalyticsservice(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludes
SQLStreamInsight,SQLReporting,andHadoop.
businessapplication(n)~AcollectionofWeb-basedlists,libraries,calendars,andother
pagesyouusetoshareinformationandmanageanareaofyourbusiness,suchasyour
projects,documents,andcompanyinformation.
BusinessApplications(n)~AfeaturethatprovidesWeb-basedapplicationsinacentral
locationtohelpbusinessesmanagesales,customerrelationships,projects,employees,and
companyfunctions.
BusinessCard(n)~Acard-likelayoutonanOutlookContactthatprovidestheuserwith
thelookofarealworldbusinesscard.
businessclassification(n)~Aclassifierthatclassifiesorganizationsinanindustry
classificationsystem.
businessclosure(n)~Aperiodoftimethatanentirebusinessisnotavailableforservice
activities.
BusinessConnectivityServices(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstointeractwithback-
end(LOB)datafromwithintheOfficeSuiteandSharePoint.
businesscontact(n)~Anindividualwhoisinterestedindoingbusinessorwhocurrently
doesbusinesswithyourorganization.Acontactmayormaynotbepartofalarger
organization(account).
BusinessContactManager(PN)~Afeatureoradd-inforOutlookthatenablessmall
businessownerstolistbusinesscontacts,accounts,andopportunities,andtoperform
severaltasksrelatedtomanagingandtrackinginformationaboutthebusiness.
BusinessContactManagerdatabase(n)~Thedatabasethatstoresinformationabout
accounts,businesscontacts,opportunities,businessprojects,andotheritems.
BusinessContactManagerforMicrosoftOutlook2010DatabaseTool(PN)~A
downloadabletoolthatprovidesuserswithadministrationcapabilitiessuchascreating,
sharing,backinguporrestoringadatabase.
BusinessContactManagerforMicrosoft-®OfficeOutlook-®2007(n)~Microsoft
supplementalsoftwareshippedonaseparatediscthataddssmall-businesscontact
managementcapabilitiestoOfficeOutlook2007.Itenablesuserstoorganizecustomer
andprospectinformation,andmanagesalesandmarketingactivitiesinonelocation.
BusinessContactManagerforOutlook(PN)~Afeatureoradd-inforOutlookthat
enablessmallbusinessownerstolistbusinesscontacts,accounts,andopportunities,andto
performseveraltasksrelatedtomanagingandtrackinginformationaboutthebusiness.
BusinessContactManagerHomePage(n)~Adocumentthatservesasastartingpoint
forexploringBusinessContactManagerforOutlook.Thehomepageisdisplayedby
defaultandcanbecustomized.
BusinessContactManagerLearningCenter(n)~AWebpagethatcontainshyperlinks
totheQuickStartGuide,theMicrosoftOfficeOnlineWebsite,andselectedHelptopics
aboutthenewestfeatures.
BusinessContactManagertoolbar(n)~Thetoolbaratthetopofanitemwhereyoucan
viewexistinglinksorcreatenewlinkstoAccount,BusinessContact,Opportunity,or
BusinessProjectrecords.
BusinessContactRecord(n)~Thelocationforstoringbusinesscontactinformation,
includinginformationthatisenteredontheBusinessContactform,linkedrecords,and
communicationhistoryitems.
BusinessContinuity(n)~Strategiesandprocessesforkeepinganorganization’sinternal
andexternalapplications,workloads,andservicesupandrunningduringplanned
downtimeandunplannedoutages.
businessdataaction(n)~Alinkthatappearsalongsidebusinessobjectsfromthe
ApplicationRegistry.Theselinkscanopenwebpages,displaytheuserinterfacesofline-
of-businessapplications,launchInfoPathforms,or,throughcustomactions,invokeany
logicina.NETassembly.
BusinessDataActionsGallery(PN)~ThesitecollectionlevelgalleryofXMLmetadata
filesthatdefinesbusinessdataactions.
BusinessDataCollaborationWorkspace(PN)~TheCollaborateOnsitethatisboundto
aBCSexternalcontenttype.
BusinessDataConnectivityModelTemplate(PN)~AVisualStudioprojecttemplate
thatenablesyoutocreateyourown.NETConnectivityAssemblies.
BusinessDataConnectivityservice(PN)~AsharedserviceinWindowsSharePoint
ServicesandSharePointServerthatprovidesameansforstoring,securing,and
administeringexternalcontenttypesandrelatedobjects.
BusinessDataConnectivityServiceApplication(n)~Adeployedinstanceofthe
BusinessDataConnectivitySharedService.
BusinessDataConnectivityServiceApplicationProxy(PN)~Anapplicationproxythat
allowsWebapplicationstoconnecttoaBusinessDataConnectivitySharedService
Applicationandcontainsfeaturesforusingthesharedservice.
BusinessDataConnectivitySharedService(PN)~AsharedserviceinWindows
SharePointServicesandSharePointServerthatprovidesameansforstoring,securing,
andadministeringexternalcontenttypesandrelatedobjects.
BusinessDataSchema(n)~Aframeworkforthebusinessdataanobjectcarrieswithit.
BusinessDataTaskPanesGallery(PN)~Thesitecollectionlevelgallerycontainingthe
XMLmetadatafilesthatdefinetaskpanelayoutsdisplayingbusinessdatainexternaldata
parts.
businessdatabase(n)~TherepositoryforallBusinessContactManagerforOutlook
data.
businessdocument(n)~Aviewofasourcedocumentthatisissuedbyonepartyand
receivedbyoneormoreotherparties.
businessdriver(n)~Aconditionorphenomenonthathasthepotentialtoimpacta
businesseitherpositivelyornegatively.
businessdriver(n)~Abriefstatementthatdefinesclearlyandspecificallythedesired
businessoutcomesoftheorganizationalongwiththenecessaryactivitiestoreachthem.
BusinessEdition(PN)~TheeditionofMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabasethatoffers
relationaldatabasesrun(upto150GB)onsharedresources,withbuilt-inreplicaswithina
datacenter,anddynamicscale-outofthousandsofdistributeddatabases.
businessevent(n)~Theabstractionofaneconomiceventandanaccountingevent.
BusinessHistoryFolder(n)~Afolderthatcontainsallhistoryitemsandtherecordsthey
arelinkedto.
businesshours(n)~Thedaysoftheweekandthehoursofeachdaythatahuntgroupis
availabletotakephonecalls.
BusinessInformation(PN)~AUIelementthatlinkstoapagewheretheaccountowner
canenterinformation,suchasaddressandphonenumber,forhisorhercompanyor
organization.
BusinessInsights(PN)~TheanswersCortanaprovidesthatarebasedoncorporatedata
insideaPowerBIdataset.
businessintelligence(n)~Theaggregation,storage,analysis,andreportingofdataforthe
purposeofinformingbusinessdecisionmakers.
BusinessIntelligenceCenter(PN)~ASharePointsitetemplatethatprovidesanentry
pointforuserstoaccessthebusinessintelligenceecosystem.
BusinessIntelligenceDevelopmentStudio(n)~Aprojectdevelopmentandmanagement
toolforbusinessintelligencesolutiondevelopers.Itcanbeusedtodesignend-to-end
businessintelligencesolutionsthatintegrateprojectsfromMicrosoftSQLServerAnalysis
Services(SSAS),MicrosoftSQLServerIntegrationServices(SSIS),andMicrosoftSQL
ServerReportingServices(SSRS).
BusinessIntelligenceResourceCenter(n)~Awebsitethatprovidesinformationabout
businessintelligenceinMicrosoftSharePointServer2010.
businesslogic(n)~Thepartofanapplicationprogramthatperformstherequireddata
processingofthebusiness.Itreferstotheroutinesthatperformthedataentry,update,
queryandreportprocessing,andmorespecificallytotheprocessingthattakesplace
behindthescenesratherthanthepresentationlogicrequiredtodisplaythedataonthe
screen.
businesslogichandler(n)~Amergereplicationfeaturethatallowsyoutoruncustom
codeduringthesynchronizationprocess.
businesslogichandlerframework(n)~Thebusinesslogichandlerframeworkallows
youtowriteamanagedcodeassemblythatiscalledduringthemergesynchronization
process.
BusinessLogicModule(n)~AmodulethatcontainsBusinessLogicsoftwareandis
calledtoenforcedataconstraintsand/orperformtasksthatareloadedandexecutedina
host-specificrun-timeenvironment.
businessmanager(n)~Apersonwhoisresponsibleformanaginginformationand
interactingwithbusinessprocesses,structuredaswellasadhoc.Thispersonmanages
businessusersorinformationworkerswhoalsocreateinformationandconsumebusiness
process.ThispersonactsasaliaisonbetweeninformationworkersandtheITdepartment
wherebusinessanalysts,developers,andITstaffwork.Thispersonisalsoresponsiblefor
automating,building,anddeployingbusinessprocesses.
BusinessModeler(n)~AcomponentofPerformancePointPlanningServerthatisthe
primaryinterfacefordesigningandmanagingbusinessapplicationsthatperformcomplex
planning,budgeting,forecasting,andconsolidation.
businessmodelingobjects(n)~Thesetofobjectsthatamodelerusestocreateacustom
application.Thesetincludesthefollowingprimaryobjectcategories:system,application,
model,andmodelingsite.Primaryobjectcategoriescancontainotherobjectcategories.
Forexample,system-levelsecurityobjectsandapplication-levelsecurityobjects.
BusinessNetworkprofile(n)~AnentitythatrepresentsapersonintheBusiness
Network,towhichperson-typeentitiesinCRMcanbelinked.
BusinessNetworkrelationship(n)~Anexplicit(forexample,-€œcolleague-€?)or
implicit(forexample,-€œsent100emailsinthelast30days-€?)relationship,with
inherentstrength,betweenpeopleintheBusinessNetwork.
businessnote(n)~AnOutlookitemthatcanbeattachedtoarecord’shistorylog.
Typicallyanotecontainsinformationregardingaconversationwithacustomerorother
peopleinthecompanytheyworkfor.
businessoperation(n)~Alogicalbusinessactioncontrolledbythebusinessoperation
frameworkandimplementedbyaclassthatcommunicateswiththeframeworkusingdata
contracts.
BusinessOperationFramework(PN)~Themodel-view-controllerframeworkthat
synchronouslyorasynchronouslycontrolstheexecutionofimmediateorbatchedbusiness
operationimplementations.
BusinessPhone(PN)~Thefieldwherethetelephonenumberforabusinesscanbe
entered.
businesspresentation(n)~Apresentationcreatedforbusinesspurposes.
businessprocess(n)~Aspecifiedsequenceofstepsrequiredtocompleteacomplextask,
suchascreatingacontract.Abusinessprocesscanbeperformedmanuallyorthroughthe
useofaworkflowrule.
businessprocessflow(n)~Anoperationalprocessthatguidesausertoachieveacertain
goal.
BusinessProcessModelingNotation(PN)~Astandardnotationforprocessmanagement
developedbytheBusinessProcessManagementInitiative.
BusinessProcessWorkspace(n)~Aninterfacethatenablesbusinessmanagerstotrack
andmanageallthebusinessprocessesfromSTS.
BusinessProject(n)~AprojectthatiscreatedinBusinessContactManagerforOutlook.
Abusinessprojectismadeupofoneorseveralprojecttasks.
businessrelation(n)~Anyorganization,person,orotherlegalentitywithwhoma
companyhassignificantinteraction,suchassalesorservices.
businessrole(n)~Anaccessprivilegethatenablesuser-definedrolesforviewingand
analyzingbusinessdata.
businessrule(n)~Aprescribedactionthatperformsoneormultipleoperationsonthe
multidimensionaldatainamodel.
BusinessRule(n)~Acriteria-basedrulethatcanrouteTicketstotheappropriateCSRor
QueueaswellasperformspecificActionsonTickets.
BusinessRuleComposer(PN)~Agraphicaluserinterface(GUI)toolthatisusedto
createanddeployspecificversionsofbusinesspolicies.
BusinessRuleEngine(n)~Arun-timeinferenceenginethatevaluatesrulesagainstfacts
andinitiatesactionsbasedontheresultsofthatevaluation.
businessrules(n)~Thelogicalrulesthatareusedtorunabusiness
BusinessRules(PN)~Anodeinthesolutionexplorerthatwilldisplayalltherulesthat
arecreatedonattributesonthecurrententityandthatapplytootherentities.
BusinessRulesworkspace(n)~InPerformancePointPlanningBusinessModeler,auser
interfaceareathatallowsyoutocreateandmanagebusinessrulesets,businessrules,and
modelproperties.
BusinessScorecardBuilder(n)~Aclientapplicationthatisusedtocreateandmanage
businessperformancescorecardsandtocreateviewsofthesescorecards.
BusinessScorecardManagerServer(n)~Thesetofthreeservercomponentsfor
MicrosoftOfficeBusinessScorecardManager;thecomponentsareaWebservice,a
metadatadatabase,andWebPartsforaMicrosoftSharePointProductsandTechnologies
Website.
BusinessScorecardManagerServerdatabase(n)~Adatabasethatstoresmetadatafor
scorecards,includinguserpermissionsandthesettingsforscorecardelements.
BusinessScorecardManagerServerWebParts(n)~AfeatureofBusinessScorecard
ManagerthatprovidesviewsofscorecardelementsanddataonaMicrosoftSharePoint
ProductsandTechnologiesWebsite.
BusinessScorecardManagerServerWebservice(n)~Anapplicationprogramming
interface(API)thatprovidesthecorefunctionalityofMicrosoftOfficeBusiness
ScorecardManager.
businessservice(n)~Acollectionoffeaturesandfunctionsthatenableabusiness
process,includingconfigurationitems,metadata,andthepeopleassociatedwiththe
process.
businessservices(n)~For-feeservicesthatareavailableontheMicrosoftSmallBusiness
CenterWebsite.
BusinessStoreforWindows10(PN)~?AportalwhereabusinessorITmanagercan
purchaseWindowsStoreapps,andalsomanagetheassignmentofappownershipto
employees.
businesstask(n)~Awork-relatedactionitemthatcanbetrackedthroughcompletion.A
businesstaskmayoccuronceorrepeatedly.
businesstechnology~Pervasivetechnologyusethatboostsbusinessresults.
businesstobusiness(adj)~Relatingtothesalescategorypertainingtotransactionsand
relatedactivitybetweenabusinessandbuyerswhoarenotconsumers,suchas
governmentbodies,companies,andresellers.
businesstool(n)~Anitemthatisfrequentlyaccessed(suchasreportsandtheproductand
serviceitemslist)whenusingBusinessContactManagerforOutlook.Manyoftheseare
listedontheBusinessToolsMenu.
BusinessToolsmenu(n)~ThemenuontheOutlookmenubarthatprovidesaccessto
BusinessContactManagerfunctions.
businesstype(n)~Thekindofbusinessorganizationorsector(suchasapubliccompany,
apartnership,aprivatecorporation,andsoon).
businessunit(n)~Asemi-autonomousoperatingunitthatiscreatedtomeetstrategic
businessobjectives.
BusinessUnitSettings(n)~Asub-areaoftheSettingsmodulewherebusinessunits,
users,securityroles,teams,facilitiesandequipment,resourcegroups,andqueuesare
managed.
businessuser(n)~Aninformationuser,suchasabusinessmanager,marketingmanager,
orbusinessanalystthatusesinformationtomakecriticaldecisions.
businessview(n)~Abusinessdataperspective.Designatedfieldsandrecordsare
arrangedinadesignatedsequence.
business-to-business(adj)~Relatingtothesalescategorypertainingtotransactionsand
relatedactivitybetweenabusinessandbuyerswhoarenotconsumers,suchas
governmentbodies,companies,andresellers.
business-to-businessintegration(n)~Theexchangeofelectronicdocumentsbetween
twocompanies,forexample,forthepurposeoftrading.
business-to-businesssite(n)~AWebsitedesignedforthecreationandtransmissionof
purchaseordersbetweenbusinessesthathaveanestablishedrelationship.
business-to-consumersite(n)~AWebsitethatprovidesretailshoppingdirectlytothe
public.
busy(adj)~Pertainingtotimewhenapersonisalreadyscheduledforanothertaskandis
notavailable.
busy(adj)~Pertainingtothestateofaphonelinewhenitisinuse.
Busy(PN)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenu.Thisisastatustheusercanselectto
indicatethattheyarecurrentlybusy.
BusyInactive(PN)~Apresencestatusthatindicatesapersonisinameetingoris
scheduledtobeinameeting,buttheircomputerhasbeeninactivefortheidletimeperiod
setting.
busysignal(n)~Theindicationthatthephoneisbusy.
button(n)~Agraphicelementthatappearssimilartoaphysicalbuttonorkeyboardkeyin
theUI.Abuttonispressed’byclickingonitwithamouse
button(n)~Amovablepieceonadevicethatispressedtoactivatesomefunction.
buttoncontrol(n)~Agraphicalcontrolthatenablesausertoprovideinputtoan
application.
buttonface(n)~Thesurfaceofabuttonwheretextoranimage(typicallyindicatingthe
button’sfunction)maybedisplayed.
buttongrid(n)~Arectangulargroupofbuttonswithsimilarfunctionsonapoint-of-sale
screen.
Buy(v)~ThelevelintheMediaConsoleaccounthierarchythatrepresentsthemediabuys
thatsupportanadvertisingcampaign.TheBuylevelissubordinatetotheMediaPlan
level.
BuyNow(v)~AcontenttemplateusedinCommerceServertofacilitateimpulse
shopping:ausercanpurchasegoodsfromanyWebpageontheInternet.Whenauser
clicksaproductimage,adialogboxappearspromptingtheuserforashippingaddressand
creditcardinformation.
BuySkypeCredit(PN)~Acalltoactionontheskype.comhomepage.Userscan
purchaseSkypeCredittopayforusingSkypeproducts.
buyercurrency(n)~Thecurrencyunitusedonasitetoconvertandformatasecond
currencyfordualdisplay.
buyerID(oth)~Acodethatidentifiesthepersonwhopurchasestheitemfromasupplier.
buyer’spush(n)~Theprocesswhereproductsarepurchasedbyacentralizedpurchasing
departmentandthendistributedtostores.
buzz(n)~Afeaturethatshowssuggestionsforthingsthataretrendingorpopularbased
onsocialnetworkingamalgamation.
Buzz(PN)~Thetotalnumber(thevolume)ofpostsinasetoffilters/dataset.
BV(oth)~Byusingatechnologycalledvideoencodedinvisiblelight(VEIL),amethod
wherebyMarketingPilotuserscanverifythattheTVadsthathavebeenorderedactually
ranasordered.
BVT(n)~Agroupoftestsusedtodeterminethehealthofabuildatahighlevel.
Typically,thesetestsexercisethecorefunctionalitytohelpteammembersdetermine
whetherfurthertestingisworthwhile.Theyarerunafterthedailybuildtoverifythat
compilationofsourcecodehasbeenbuiltsuccessfullyandisreadyforfurthertesting.
bydefault(Adverb)~Howaprogram’sactionisdeterminediftheuserdoesnotmakea
choiceorsupplyarequiredvalue.
BYOC/CALdiscount(n)~Adiscountedrateforsoftwareorservicesavailableto
customerswhoalreadyownclientaccesslicenses(CALs).
BYOD(PN)~Thesetoffeaturesthatletemployeesusepersonaldevicestoaccess
corporateinformationandservicesandletITadminsmanagesuchdevices.
BYOL(adj)~Pertainingtofeaturesthatallowuseofexistingproductlicensesfora
productthatisusedinconnectionwithanotherproduct.
BYOS(n)~Thepolicyofpermittingexistingcustomerstoutilizetheirownsubscriptions
withinthepubliccloudandeasilymovenewandexistingworkloadsbetweentheirdata
centersandthecloud.
BYOSRedHatEnterpriseLinux(PN)~Aservicetypeofthe‘VirtualMachines’service
basedontheRedHatLinuxdistribution,allowingcustomerstousetheirownsubscription
toruntheserver.Thenumberpreceding‘core’referstothesizeoftheserver.
bypasscall(n)~AcallthatbypassestheMediationServer.
bypassmode~OperatingmodeonFDDIandtokenringnetworkswhereaninterfacehas
de-insertedfromthering.
by-product(n)~Aitemproducedasaconsequenceofproducinganotheritem.
byte(n)~Aunitofdatathattypicallyholdsasinglecharacter,suchasaletter,adigit,ora
punctuationmark.Somesinglecharacterscantakeupmorethanonebyte.
byte(n)~Afieldsizeordatatypethatcanholdpositiveintegernumbersrangingfrom0
to255.
Byte~Abasicunitofmeasurementforpiecesofinformation;thespacerequiredtostore
onecharacter.Seealso-Bit,-Kilobyte,Megabyte,-Gigabyte,-Terabyte.
byteorder(n)~Theprocessormemoryarchitectureinwhichbytesofdata(typically,
integervalues)arestored.Thetwomostcommonordersare:littleendian(leastsignificant
byteisplacedfirst)andbigendian(mostsignificantbyteisplacedfirst).
byteordermark(n)~AUnicodecharacterusedtoindicatethattextisencodedinUTF-8,
UTF-16orUTF-32.
bytetag(n)~Atagonaphysicalobjectthatdefines8bits(or1byte).
bytecodecaching(n)~AtechniqueforpreprocessingJavaScriptfilessotheycanbe
loadedfaster.
C(oth)~Thelabelforthetextboxwheretheusertypesthepostalcodeforoutgoing
correspondence.
C(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
C~programminglanguagedevelopedatBellLaboratoriesinthe1970s,basedonthetwo
earlierlanguagesB(1970)andBCPL(1967).
C~
Ccorporation(n)~AnUnitedStatestaxlawdesignationgiventoanycorporationthatis
auniqueentityapartfromandtaxedseparatelyfromitsowners.
C#(n)~Aprogramminglanguagedesignedforbuildingenterpriseapplicationsthatrunon
the.NETFramework.C#,whichisanevolutionofCandC++,istypesafeandobject
oriented.Becauseitiscompiledasmanagedcode,itbenefitsfromtheservicesofthe
commonlanguageruntime,suchaslanguageinteroperability,security,andgarbage
collection.
C#~pronounced-€œCsharp-€?,aprogramminglanguagedevelopedbyAnders
Hejlsberg(thedeveloperofTurboPascalandDelphi)forWindowsprogrammingunder
Microsoft’s.NETFramework.
C++AcceleratedMassiveParallelism(PN)~Anobjectmodelthatacceleratesexecution
ofC++codebytakingadvantageofthedata-parallelhardwarethatisgenerallypresentas
aGPUonadiscretegraphicscard.
C++AMP(PN)~AnobjectmodelthatacceleratesexecutionofC++codebytaking
advantageofthedata-parallelhardwarethatisgenerallypresentasaGPUonadiscrete
graphicscard.
C++template(n)~Atemplatethatenablesyoutodefineafamilyoffunctionsorclasses
thatcanoperateondifferenttypesofinformation.
CA(n)~Anentityentrustedtoissuecertificatesthatassertthattherecipientindividual,
computer,ororganizationrequestingthecertificatefulfillstheconditionsofanestablished
policy.
CAcertificate(n)~Acertificatethatidentifiesthecertificationauthority(CA)thatissues
serverandclientauthenticationcertificatestotheserversandclientsthatrequestthese
certificates.
CAcompromise(n)~AsituationinwhichitisknownorsuspectedthattheCA’sprivate
keyorotheraspectsoftheCAvalidatedinthecertificatehavebeenrevealed.
CAhierarchy(n)~Ahierarchyinwhichtherolesofthecertificationauthorityare
separatedintoonerootCAandoneormoresubordinateCAs.
CAname(n)~Thenameofthecertifyingauthority.
CAB(n)~Aformallyconstitutedgroupofpeoplerepresentingservicedeliveryand
supportfunctionsthatisresponsibleforassessing,planning,andauthorizingchangesto
theITenvironment.
Cabaret(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#65.
cabinet(n)~Theboxinwhichthemaincomponentsofacomputer(CPU,theharddrive,
floppyandCD-ROMdrives,andexpansionslotsforperipheraldevices,suchasmonitors)
arelocated.
cabinetfile(n)~Asinglefilethatstoresmultiplecompressedfiles.Thesefilesare
commonlyusedinsoftwareinstallationandtoreducethefilesizeandtheassociated
downloadtimeforWebcontent.
cable(n)~Acollectionofwiresshieldedwithinaprotectivetube,usedtoconnect
peripheraldevicestoacomputer.Amouse,akeyboard,andaprintermightallbe
connectedtoacomputerwithcables.Printercablestypicallyimplementaserialora
parallelpathfordatatotravelalong.
Cable~1)Anyinsulatedwiringusedtoconnectcomputerequipmenttogether.2)An
always-onhighspeedinternetconnectionsimilarto-ADSL-butusingcableTV
technologyinsteadofaphoneline.
cableconnection(n)~Acommunicationsmethodbywhichyouuseacabletoconnect
yourmobiledevicetoanotherdevice.
cablemodem(n)~AdevicethatenablesabroadbandconnectiontotheInternetbyusing
cabletelevisioninfrastructure.Accessspeedsvarygreatly,withamaximumthroughputof
10megabitspersecond(Mbps).
cablerange(n)~IntheMacintoshenvironment,theroutingaddressorrangeofaddresses
assignedtothephysicalnetworkthatAppleTalkPhase2routersusetodirectinformation
totheappropriatenetwork.
cache(n)~Aspecialmemorysubsysteminwhichfrequentlyuseddatavaluesare
duplicatedforquickaccess.
cache(v)~Tostorefrequentlyuseddatavaluesinaspecialmemorysubsystemforquick
access.
cache(n)~Generally,afileusedtostoreinformationtemporarily.WindowsDisk
Protectionutilizesacachefiletostorechangesmadetosystemandprofilefilesduring
usersessions.Thiscachefileisemptiedofcontentsatintervals,dependingonhow
WindowsDiskProtectionisconfigured.
Cache~Atemporarystorageareaforfrequentlyorrecentlyuseddata,eitherinmemory,
onyourharddiskortheinternet.Forexample,ifyougobacktoawebpageyouhave
recentlyvisited,yourPCwillusuallybeabletodisplayitfromtheinternetcacheonyour
harddisk,soitwon’tneedtodownloaditfromtheinternetagain.
Cache~Pronounced‘Cash’.Atemporarystorageareaforfrequentlyaccessed
information.Thecacheshortensthetimeittakestoaccessthisinformation,relievesthe
burdenfromthemainmemory,andincreasestheoverallspeedofapplications.
cacheaging(n)~Themechanismofcachingthatdetermineswhenacacherowis
outdatedandmustberefreshed.
cacheclient(n)~A.NETapplicationthatusestheWindowsServerAppFabricclientAPIs
tocommunicatewithandstoredatatoaWindowsServerAppFabricdistributedcache
system.
cachecluster(n)~Theinstantiationofthedistributedcacheservice,madeupofoneor
moreinstancesofthecachehostserviceworkingtogethertostoreanddistributedata.
Dataisstoredinmemorytominimizeresponsetimesfordatarequests.Thisclustering
technologydiffersfromWindowsClustering.
cachefile(n)~AfileusedbyDNSserversandclientstostoreresponsestoDNSqueries.
ForWindowsDNSservers,thecachefileisnamedCache.dnsbydefault.
cachehierarchy(n)~Anetworkofcacheproxiesthathavesiblingandparent
relationships.
cachehit(n)~Theconditionthatexistswhenaclientrequestscontentandthecache
serverdeterminesthatthecontentisbothstoredinthecacheanduptodate.Whenthereis
acachehit,thecontentisstreamedfromthecachetotheclient.
cacheinterval(n)~Thelengthoftimethatastoredcopyoftheviewsthatareshownina
dashboardcanexistontheserver.
cacheinvalidation(n)~Theprocessofflagginganobjectinthecachesothatitwillno
longerbeusedbyanycacheclients.Thisoccurswhenanobjectremainsincachelonger
thanthecachetime-outvalue(whenitexpires).
cacheitem(n)~Anobjectthatisstoredinthecacheandadditionalinformationassociated
withthatobject,suchastagsandversion.Itcanbeextractedfromthecacheclusterusing
theGetCacheItemclientAPI.
cacheline(n)~Thesmallestunitofmemorythancanbetransferredbetweenthemain
memoryandthecache.
CacheLoader(n)~AcomponentusedbytheCacheManagerobjecttoloaddataintoa
cacheDictionaryobject.Althoughthiscomponentisimplementedasapipeline
component,itisnotruninthecontextofapipeline.
CacheMemory(MB/month)(PN)~TheunitofmeasurefortheCacheMemoryresource
thatisequalto1,024CacheMemory(MB/month)units.
cachenotification(n)~Anasynchronousnotificationthatcanbetriggeredbyavarietyof
cacheoperationsonthecachecluster.Cachenotificationscanbeusedtoinvoke
applicationmethodsorautomaticallyinvalidatelocallycachedobjects.
cacheoperation(n)~Aneventthatoccursonregionsorcacheditemsthatcantriggera
cachenotification.
cacheplug-in(n)~Atypeofplug-inthatenablesaWindowsMediaservertoprovide
cacheandproxysupportforanotherWindowsMediaserver.
cacheport(n)~ATCP/IPportusedbycachehoststotransmitdatatoandfromthecache
clients.Theportnumberusedforthecacheportcanbedifferentoneachcachehost.These
settingsaremaintainedintheclusterconfigurationsettings.
cacheproxy(n)~Aproxythatiscapableofcachingresponsessothatwhenthereisa
cachehit,theproxycanservetherequestedcontentwithoutforwardingtherequesttothe
destinationserver.
cacheregion(n)~Acontainerofdata,withinacache,thatco-locatesallcachedobjects
onasinglecachehost.CacheRegionsenabletheabilitytosearchallcachedobjectsinthe
regionbyusingdescriptivestrings,calledtags.
cacheserver(n)~AserverthatstorespreviouslyrequestedWebcontent.Whenthesame
contentisrequestedlater,theservereithersendsthecachedcontentoracquiresnewer
content,dependingonthefreshnessofthecachedcontentthatisdefinedbycache
directives.Acacheserverisfrequentlyusedtoreducethenetworktrafficandtheresponse
timebyservingthecachedcontent,whenappropriate.
CacheService(PN)~ThemanagedserviceinMicrosoftAzurethatcreatesasecure,
dedicatedcacheintheMicrosoftAzureregionoftheuser’schoice,guaranteeingisolation
oftheuser’sbusinesscriticaldata.
cachetag(n)~Oneormoreoptionalstring-basedidentifiersthatcanbeassociatedwith
eachcachedobjectstoredinaregion.Regionsallowyoutoretrievecachedobjectsbased
ononeormoretags.
CacheWriter(n)~AcomponentusedbytheCacheManagerobjecttowriteactivitydata
fromacacheDictionaryobject.Althoughthiscomponentisimplementedasapipeline
component,itisnotruninthecontextofapipeline.
cache/proxyserver(n)~AserverrunningWindowsMediaServicesforwhicha
cache/proxyplug-inhasbeenenabled,allowingtheservertoprovidecacheandproxy
supporttoanotherWindowsMediaserver.
cacheable(adj)~Pertainingto,orcharacteristicof,theSmoothStreamingfragmentsthat
canbecachedonserversontheedgeofanHTTPnetworkforreusebyclients.The
fragmentscanbecachedbecauseofthestatelessnatureoftheHTTPprotocol,which
treatseachHTTPrequestasanindependenttransactionthatisunrelatedtoanyprevious
request.
cache-asideprogrammingpattern(n)~Aprogrammingpatterninwhichifthedatais
notpresentinthecache,theapplication,notthedistributedcachesystem,mustreloaddata
intothecachefromtheoriginaldatasource.
cache-coherentNUMA(n)~ANUMAarchitecturethatprovidescachecoherencyacross
nodes.
cachedcopy(n)~Acopyofdatastoredinacacheinordertoshortenthetimerequiredto
retrievethedataifitislargeoraccessedfrequently.
cacheddata(n)~Datastoredinacache.
CachedExchangeMode(n)~AfeaturethatletsaMicrosoftOutlookuserwhohasa
MicrosoftExchangee-mailaccountworkoffline,eitherbychoiceorduetoaconnection
problem.Acopyoftheuser’smailboxisstoredontheircomputerandisfrequently
updatedfromthemailserver.Anychangesthataremadewhileaconnectiontotheserver
isnotavailablearesynchronizedautomaticallywhenaconnectionbecomesavailable.
CachedFileUpdatercontract(PN)~Acontractthatenablesanapptoprovidereal-time
updatesandsavingcapabilitiesforspecificfilesonthesystem.
cachedlocally(n)~Pertainingtoafilethatresidesontheremotestoragemedia,butthe
contentsofwhicharestillavailableonthelocalmedia.Ifthisfileisaccessed,accesswill
bequickerbecausethedataarestillonthelocalmedia.
cachedpage(n)~Astoredversionofadocumentorwebpage.
cache-enabledapplication(n)~AnapplicationthatusestheWindowsServerAppFabric
cacheclienttostoredataincacheonthecachecluster.
caching(n)~Theprocessoftemporarilystoringrecentlyaccessedinformationinaspecial
memorysubsystemforquickeraccess.
cachingresolver(n)~AprogramthatextractsinformationfromDNSserversinresponse
toclientrequests.
cachingservice(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludesContent
DeliveryNetwork(CDN),InMemCache,andCaching.
caching-onlyserver(n)~ADNSseverthatdoesnothostanyDNSzonesbutthat
performsnameresolutionandstorestheresultsinitscache.
CAD(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofCanada.
CAD~(ComputerAidedDesign)-Software-usedtoproducecomplextechnicaldrawings
bydesignersandengineers.
Cakepanbutton(n)~Thebuttontochoosewhichshapecakeyou’regoingtomake.
cakepaper(n)~IntheComfyCakesgame,apieceofparchmentpaperontheconveyor
beltforanewcakethattheplayerwilltrytobake’.Eachpaperrepresentsanorderfora
newcake
CALpack(n)~Adigitalorpaperformatpackthatusuallyconsistsofaproofofpurchase,
thedescriptionofthelicensingtermsandpolicies,andnumberofclientaccesslicenses
(CALs)purchasedinthispack.
calculatedcolumn(n)~Atypeofcolumnthatdisplaystheresultsofmathematicalor
logicaloperationsorexpressionsinsteadofstoreddata.
calculatedcontrol(n)~Acontrolusedonaform,report,ordataaccesspagetodisplay
theresultofanexpression.Theresultisrecalculatedeachtimethereisachangeinanyof
thevaluesthattheexpressionisbasedon.
calculatedexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatisnotconstant,butwhosevaluedepends
uponothervalues.Tobeevaluated,acalculatedexpressionmustobtainandcompute
valuesfromothersources,typicallyinotherfieldsorrows.
calculatedfield(n)~Afielddefinedinaquerythatdisplaystheresultofanexpression
ratherthandisplayingstoreddata.Thevalueisrecalculatedeachtimeavalueinthe
expressionchanges.
calculatedmeasure(n)~Ameasurewhosevalueiscalculatedatruntimebyusingan
expression.
calculatedmember(n)~Amemberofadimensionwhosevalueiscalculatedatruntime
byusinganexpression.Calculatedmembervaluescanbederivedfromthevaluesofother
members.
calculatedmetric(n)~Ametricthatisbasedontheresultofanexpression,ratherthan
originatingfromadatasource.
CalculatedMetrics(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstocreatesimplecalculationsusing
oneormoreKPIvalues.ThisreducestheamountofMDXthatisrequiredtocreate
complexscorecards.
calculatedvalue(n)~Aread-onlyvaluethatistheresultofalookuporcalculation
againstthedatausinganXPathexpression.
calculationcode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsaspecificnumericalcalculationthatreturnsa
numericamount.
calculationcondition(n)~AMultidimensionalExpressions(MDX)logicalexpression
thatisusedtodeterminewhetheracalculationformulawillbeappliedagainstacellina
calculationsubcube.
calculationformula(n)~AMultidimensionalExpressions(MDX)expressionusedto
supplyavalueforcellsinacalculationsubcube,subjecttotheapplicationofacalculation
condition.
calculationpass(n)~Astageofcalculationinamultidimensionalcubeinwhich
applicablecalculationsareevaluated.
calculationpassnumber(n)~Anordinalpositionusedtorefertoacalculationpass.
calculationsubcube(n)~Thesetofmultidimensionalcubecellsthatisusedtocreatea
calculatedcellsdefinition.ThesetofcellsisdefinedbyacombinationofMDXset
expressions.
calculator(n)~Broadly,anydevicethatperformsarithmeticoperationsonnumbers.
Sophisticatedcalculatorscanbeprogrammedforcertainfunctionsandcanstorevaluesin
memory,buttheydifferfromcomputersinseveralways:theyhaveafixedsetof
commands,theydonotrecognizetext,theycannotretrievevaluesstoredinadatafile,and
theycannotfindandusevaluesgeneratedbyaprogramsuchasaspreadsheet.
Calculator(PN)~Theappthatcalculates(standardandscientific)andconverts.
Calculator(PN)~Atoolthatallowstheusertocreatecalculations,buildformulasetc.in
MicrosoftExcelforMac.
calendar(n)~Anapplicationortoolintheformofanelectroniccalendar,commonlyused
forscheduling.
Calendar(PN)~ThelinktotheonlinecalendaronWindowsLiveCalendar.
Calendar(PN)~TheMicrosoftapptofacilitatethemanagementofevents.
Calendar(PN)~AWebPartforstudentsandeducatorsthatdisplaysupcomingevents
alongwithlinkstoeventcontentandactions.
Calendar(PN)~TheareaofOutlook.comthatletspeopleandgroupsadd,manage,and
shareeventinformation.
Calendar(PN)~TheOutlookappthatfacilitatesthemanagementofevents.
CalendarAttendant(n)~AnExchangeServerfeaturethatautomaticallyplacesmeetings
markedTentativeontherecipient’scalendarwithoutrequiringtheinterventionofany
clientsoftwaresuchasOutlook.
CalendarConcierge(n)~Asetofcalendarenhancementsthatenableuserstoschedule
peopleandresourcesquickly,efficiently,andreliably.Theenhancementsincludethe
CalendarAttendant,theResourceBookingAttendant,andtheSchedulingAssistant.
calendardata(n)~Freeorbusyinformationforinternalorfederatedcontactsobtainedby
LyncorOfficeCommunicatorfromMicrosoftOutlookviaawebservice.
CalendarEventSearch(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesausertosearchforeventsinthe
Calendarusingkeywords,andusefilterstorefinethesearch.
calendarinformation(n)~Informationaboutschedulesandappointmentsthatisstored
inanExchangeServer2007user’smailboxandretrievablefordisplaythroughaclient
interfaceorvoicemail.
calendaritem(n)~AnitemintheExchangestorethatrepresentsanappointment,a
meeting,ameetingrequest,oranevent.Itcanidentifytheplace,resources,recurrence,
andattendeesinvolvedatadiscretetime.
calendaritempeek(n)~Acontextualsummaryofappointmentormeetinginformation,
whichisdisplayedinacalloutwithoutopeningtheitem.
Calendarlivetile(n)~Atilethatupdatesdynamicallytoshowupcomingcalendaritems
directlyfromtheCalendar.
Calendarpeek(PN)~Acontextualsummaryoftheuser’sdailyschedule,whichis
displayedinacalloutwithoutswitchingtotheCalendarmodule.
CalendarPreview(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstoseeconflictingappointments
directlyfromMailviewwithouthavingtoswitchtoCalendarview.Makesitmucheasier
foruserstodecidetoacceptordeclineameetinginvitethatconflictswithanexisting
meeting.
CalendarPrintingAssistantforMicrosoft-®OfficeOutlook-®2007(n)~AMicrosoft
OfficeOutlook2007featurethatallowsuserstoselectfromandprintavarietyof
customizablecalendartemplates.
calendarprogram(n)~Anapplicationortoolintheformofanelectroniccalendar,
commonlyusedforscheduling.
CalendarSettings(n)~Atabthatallowstheusertosetoptionsthatapplytothewhole
Calendarapplication.
CalendarSnapshot(n)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutosendasnapshotofyourcalendarto
someoneoutsideyourExchangeorganizationandallowthemtoseethedataonyour
calendarandscheduleagainstit.
CalendarTasks(n)~AlistoftasksthattheusercanperformintheCalendar.
calendaruseragent(n)~AclientprogramsuchasMicrosoftOutlook.Calendar
informationcanbesentbetweencalendaruseragentsthatcomplywiththeiCalendar
specification.
calendarview(n)~AProjectviewthatdisplaysaproject’stasksinacalendarformat.
CalendarWorldReadiness(PN)~TheCalendarsettingsthatallowtheuserstodefine
theircalendarfortheircountryandtimezonerequirements.
calendaryear(n)~AnaccountingperiodrunningfromJanuary1toDecember31.
calibrate(v)~Toadjustpreciselyforaparticularfunction.
calibration(n)~Theprocessofestablishingpredictablebehaviorinadevice.
calibrationboard(n)~Arectangularboardthatyouusetocalibratethecamerasand
visionsystemofaSurfaceunit.Thecalibrationboardhastwosides.Thewhitesideofthe
calibrationboardenablesthecamerastotakeasnapshotthathelpstheSurfacevision
systembuildacontrasttoyourenvironment’slighting.(Youusethissideofthecalibration
boardinbasiccalibrationandfullcalibration.)Theblack-and-whitecheckeredsideofthe
calibrationboardenablesallthecamerastoalignthemselvesproperly.Youusethissideof
thecalibrationboardonlyduringfullcalibration.(Youusethissideofthecalibration
boardonlyduringfullcalibration.)
call(v)~Toattempttoestablishavoiceconversationwithanotherpersonorotherpeople
fromaphone,computer,ormobiledevice.
Call(PN)~ALyncmenuthatopensalistofoptionsfortheselectedperson.InOffice
Communicator,amenuitemthatopensalistofnumbersfortheselectedperson.Whenthe
userselectsaphonenumber,LyncorOfficeCommunicatorplacesthecall.
call(n)~Avoicesessionthatcanbeconductedbetweentwoormoretelephones,twoor
moredevices(suchascomputersorsmartphones),orbetweentwoormoresuchdevices
andtelephones.
Call(PN)~Anappformakingvideocalls.
calladmissioncontrol(n)~Aservicethatmanagesmediaqualityoverawidearea
network(WAN)connectionbyeitherreroutingtrafficorbydenyingconnectionrequests
whenbandwidthisapproachingsaturation.
callanswering(n)~Avoicemailapplicationthatanswersacallsothatamessagecanbe
left.
callbarring(n)~Afeaturethatcanblockincomingand/oroutgoingcalls.
callbarringpassword(n)~ApasswordthatenablesaccesstotheCallBarringfeature
settings.
CallBrowser(PN)~Awindowthatenablesyoutosearchforfunctioncalls,andthen
browsethesearchresultsandnavigatetothefunctionreferencesinyoursourcecodefiles.
callcenter(n)~Afacilityinwhichanorganization’stelephonecallsareansweredand
made,includinghelpdeskandservicelines.Callcentersusuallyusesomeamountof
computerautomation.
callcontext(n)~Informationabouttheoptionsthatacallerselectsthatiscollectedand
providedtotheagentwhoreceivesthecall.
calldetailrecording(n)~AfunctionoftheMonitoringServerforcollectinginformation
suchaswhenausersignsinorout;starts,joins,leaves,orendsaconferenceorIM
session;transfersafile;orplacesoranswersaVoIPcall.CDRcapturesonlyusagedata;it
doesnotarchivethecontentofanycommunicationactivity.
calldetailrecords(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerArchivingServicefeaturefor
capturingandreportingoneventsassociatedwithusersloggingonandoff,IM
conversations,andconferences.
callforwarding(n)~Afeaturethatallowsforautomaticforwardingofincomingcalls.
Callforwarding(n)~AgroupofoptionsintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePhonetabs,
thatcontrolstheautomaticforwardingofincomingphonecalls.
callforwarding(n)~AfeaturethatenablesSkypecallstobedivertedtoamobilephone
orlandline.
CallForwardingOff(PN)~Themenuitemthatturnsofftheautomaticforwardingof
incomingcalls.
CallForwardingOn(PN)~Themenuitemthatdisplaysamenuofoptionsthattheuser
canselecttoturnontheautomaticforwardingofincomingcalls.
callgraph(n)~Thegraphofmethodcallsandthepointsintheprogramthatcallthem.
CallHistory(n)~AUserInterface(UI)elementinvariouscommunicationsappsandin
contactcardsthatprovidesaccesstoalistofpreviouscommunicationviathatapporwith
aparticularcontact.
callhistory(n)~Arecordofthedate,time,caller,subject,andsoforth,ofacallorIM.
callicon(n)~Anicontappedtoinitiateavoiceconversationbetweentwopeople.
CallLevelInterface(n)~TheinterfacesupportedbyODBCforusebyanapplication.
calllogs(n)~Alistofincomingcallsandoutgoingcalls,showinginformationsuchasthe
nameofthecallerorcallrecipient,thedateandthetimeofthecall.
CallManager(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatestablishes,maintainsandterminatesa
connectionbetweentwocomputers.
CallMe(PN)~AfeatureofCommunicatorWebAccessinwhichausercanjoina
conferencebyrequestingthatOfficeCommunicationsServercallaspecifiedphone
numberinsteadoftheuserplacingacalltoaconferencingservice.
callnote(n)~Anotewithgeneralinformationaboutthecall,suchassubject,thatis
generatedbytheACDtopotentiallybeforwardedortransferredalongwiththecall.
CallPark(PN)~AnapplicationthatletsanEnterpriseVoiceuserputacallonholdfrom
onetelephone,andthenlater,retrievethecallfromanytelephone.ItalsomanagesCall
Parkorbits.
CallParkorbit(PN)~AnumberassignedtoaparkedcallbytheCallParkapplication.
callphones(n)~ASkypefeaturethatallowsuserstocalldirectlyfromSkypetolandlines
andmobilephones.
callrecipient(n)~Thepersonwhom,orplacethat,acalleriscalling.
callscript(n)~Adialogscenariotobeusedinatelephoneinteractionsituation.
callsign(n)~Theidentifyingcodelettersornumbersofaradioortelevisiontransmitting
station,assignedbyaregulatorybody.
CallSomeone…(oth)~AnitemontheActionsmenuthatcallsthepersontheuserselects
fromthecorporateaddressbook.
callstack(n)~Theseriesofmethodcallsleadingfromthebeginningoftheprogramto
thestatementcurrentlybeingexecutedatruntime.
CallStatus(PN)~Asoftkeyoptionavailablewhenacallisinprogressthatswitchesfrom
theHomeScreenbacktothephoneuserinterfacescreen.
CallTimers(n)~Amenuitemthatprovidesaccesstovariouscalltimersandcall
durations.
calltree(n)~Allmodulesthatmightbecalledbyanyprocedureinthemoduleinwhich
codeiscurrentlyrunning.
CallViaConferencingService(oth)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforaconference
participant.Inaconference,thiscommandrequeststhattheconferencingservicecallthe
selectedparticipant.
CallviaWork(PN)~Acallbackoptionwherebyanoutgoingcallcanbemadebyusing
theworknumber.Thepersonwhoisreceivingthecallwillseetheworknumberofthe
caller,intheircallerID.
callwaiting(n)~Aservicethatnotifiesauserthatacalliscominginwhiletheuserisina
call.
Callable(adj)~Afield-levelsettingontheDisplaytabthatdesignatesaphonenumber
fieldasonethatcanbecalled.
callable(adj)~Capableofbeingcalled.
callback(n)~Theprocessusedtoauthenticateuserscallingintoanetwork.During
callback,thenetworkvalidatesthecaller’susernameandpassword,hangsup,andthen
returnsthecall,usuallytoapreauthorizednumber.Thisprocesspreventsunauthorized
accesstoanaccountevenifanindividual’slogonIDandpasswordhavebeenstolen.
callback(n)~CodewithinamanagedapplicationthathelpsanunmanagedDLLfunction
completeatask.
callback(n)~Intelecommunications,acallbackoccurswhentheoriginatorofacallis
immediatelycalledbackinasecondcallasaresponse.
CallbackControlProtocol(n)~TheNetworkControlProtocolthatnegotiatestheuseof
callbackoverPPPlinks.
callbackfunction(n)~Afunctionprovidedby(IIS)thatallowsanInternetServerAPI
(ISAPI)extensionorfiltertoaccessIISservices.
callbackfunction(n)~CodewithinamanagedapplicationthathelpsanunmanagedDLL
functioncompleteatask.
callbacknumber(n)~ThephonenumberatwhichthesenderofanSMScanbereached
thatisdisplayedtotherecipientintheSMSitself;itcanbeadifferentnumberthanthe
cellphonenumberusedtosendtheSMS.
callbacksecurity(n)~Aformofnetworksecurityinwhicharemoteaccessservercallsa
userbackatapresetnumberaftertheuserhasmadeaninitialconnectionandhasbeen
authenticated.
callee(n)~Acomputerthatiscalledbyanother.
callee(n)~Thepersonwhom,orplacethat,acalleriscalling.
callee(n)~Theendpointtowhichacallisinitiatedbyacaller.
callee(n)~Achildfunctionthatiscalledbythecurrentfunction.
caller(n)~Thepersonwhoiscallinganotherpersonorplace.
caller(n)~Theendpointthatinitiatesacalltoestablishamediasession.
caller(n)~Aparentfunctionthatcallsthecurrentfunction.
callerID(n)~Afeaturethatdisplaystheidentityoftheoriginatorofanincomingcallon
thedevicescreen.
CallerID(n)~Theidentityoftheoriginatorofanincomingcall.
callerID(n)~Afeaturethatenablesthedisplayofthecaller’snumberonthecallee’s
phonewhencallingaphonefromSkype.
calleridentification(n)~Afeaturethatenablesthedisplayofthecaller’snumberonthe
callee’sphonewhencallingaphonefromSkype.
CallEvent(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,anindicationthatanobjecthas
receivedacallforanoperation.ACallEventisdefinedusingthefollowingformat:event-
name(comma-separated-parameter-list)
callgraph(n)~Thegraphofmethodcallsandthepointsintheprogramthatcallthem.
callgraphanalysis(n)~Thegraphofmethodcallsandthepointsintheprogramthatcall
them.Anodewouldbeamethodandthelinkwouldbetherelationshipoftheother
methodsthatitcalls.
call-handlingrules(n)~Asetoffeaturesusedforcallansweringandforwarding.
call-homeTrojan(n)~Atypeoftrojanmalwarethatconnectstoaremoteserverthrough
astealthconnectionandthatnotifiestheserverthatthemalwarehasbeeninstalled.
calling(n)~Thephonecapabilitythatletsyouplaceorreceivecalls.
callingchannel(n)~Apathenablingoneinboundoroutboundcall.Callingchannelsarea
meansofhavingconcurrentcallsonPBX.
callingconvention(n)~Anystandardthatisusedmoreorlessuniversallyforone
function(caller)tomakecallsintoanotherinternalandexternalfunction(callee)
callingdevice(n)~Equipment,telephoneorcomputer,usedtoplaceacall.
callingsequence(n)~Inaprogramwhenasubroutinecalloccurs,anagreementbetween
thecallingroutineandthecalledroutineonhowargumentswillbepassedandinwhat
order,howvalueswillbereturned,andwhichroutinewillhandleanynecessary
housekeeping(suchascleaningupthestack).Thecallingsequencebecomesimportant
whenthecallingandcalledroutineswerecreatedwithdifferentcompilersorifeitherwas
writteninassemblylanguage.TwocommoncallingsequencesaretheCcallingsequence
andthePascalcallingsequence.IntheCcallingsequence,thecallingroutinepushesany
argumentsincludedinthecallonthestackinreverseorder(righttoleft)andperformsany
stackcleanup;thispermitsavaryingnumberofargumentstobepassedtoagivenroutine.
InthePascalcallingsequence,thecallingroutinepushesanyincludedargumentsonthe
stackintheorderinwhichtheyappear(lefttoright),andthecalledroutineisexpectedto
cleanupthestack.
call-levelinterface(n)~TheinterfacesupportedbyODBCforusebyanapplication.
callout(n)~AcontextualUIelementthatdisplaysadditionalcontentandcontrolsina
container.
CalorieCounter(PN)~Afeaturethatcounts/tracksdailycalorieintake.
calorieintake(n)~Thetotalamountofcaloriesinadailydiet.
camera(n)~Adigitalvideodevicethatisusedforrecordingmovingimagesandaudioin
adigitalformat.
camera(n)~Animaginaryviewingpositionthatrepresentsobjectsin3-Dcoordinate
spaceandprojectsthemontoa2-Dvisual.
camera(PN)~AWindowsPhoneapplicationthatisbothadigitalstillcameraanda
digitalvideocamera.
Camera(PN)~AnapptofacilitatethecaptureofphotosandvideosbyusingthePC.
cameracapture(n)~AWindows8featurethatallowsdeveloperstousethewebcamfor
communicationandstillimagecapturewithoutcallingcomplexAPIs.Thecameracapture
APIallowsfordevicestoexposecapturecontrols,apreviewwindow,andtheabilityto
specifyresolutionandcodecsforaudio/videocapture.
CameraCaptureAPI(PN)~TheAPIthatallowsfordevicestoexposecapturecontrols,
apreviewwindow,andtheabilitytospecifyresolutionandcodecsforaudio/video
capture.
CameraforLumia(PN)~TheCameraapp-that-comespre-installed-onhigh-endLumia
devices.
cameralookpoint(n)~Aninvisible,distantpointonanaxisperpendiculartotheview
planethatthecamerais-€œlookingat-€?.Whenwemoveit,thecamerafollowsit.
CameraOrbit(PN)~Atoolusedtomovethecameraaround3DcontentwithinaXAML
document.
camerapan(n)~Themovementofthecamera,leftandright,acrossascene.
cameraroll(n)~Analbumthatcontainsacontinuousrollofliveviewfinderandcaptured
photosandvideosthathavenotbeenarchivedormovedtootherfolders.
campaign(n)~Amarketingprogramdesignedtoaccomplishaspecificresult,suchas
introducinganewproductorincreasingmarketshare.Themainwaytoaccomplishthis
resultisthroughcommunicatingthebenefitsofaproductorservicetopeopleand
businesses.Campaignsoftenincludemorethanonecommunicationmethod,suchasprint
advertisements,promotionaldiscounts,anddirectmail.
campaign(n)~Aplannedsetofactivitiesdevelopedbyanorganizationtomeetthe
objectiveofincreasingmarketsharedoveradistincttimeperiod.
campaignactivity(n)~Anactivityperformed,ortobeperformed,byauserforplanning
orrunningacampaign.Acampaignactivityincludesadditional,campaign-specific
information,suchasbudgetsandvendornames.
campaignautomationflowchart(n)~Agraphicalflowchartthatdisplaysallofthe
operations,forexample,defininglandingpages,creatingsocialmedia,andcreatingtasks,
thatareincludedinanautomatedcampaign.
CampaignBuilder(PN)~Atoolwhichallowspartnerstoassembletheirownmarketing
campaignsusingaseriesofpre-createdmarketingmaterials.
campaigncode(n)~Anidentifier,usuallymadeupofnumbersorletters,suchas1234or
EarlySpring,foramarketingcampaign.Thecampaigncodeisanotherwaytoidentifya
marketingcampaigndistinctfromthenameofthemarketingcampaign.
campaignconversion(n)~Thecompletionofanonlinetransactionbyavisitorredirected
tothesitebyanadvertisement.
campaigngoaling(n)~Determiningthenumberofadstodeliverinaspecifiedamountof
time.Youcangoalbyanyevent,suchasclicksoramountsold.
campaignitem(n)~Acommunicationvehiclethatcontributestothespecifiedresultofa
campaign.YoucancreatethreetypesofcampaignitemsinCommerceServer:ads,direct
mail,ordiscounts.Youcanusethird-partyproductstocreateadditionaltypesofcampaign
items.
campaignitemID(n)~Thecomputer-generatedidentificationnumberforacampaign
item.
campaignname(n)~Thenamebywhichamarketingprogamisidentified.
campaignresponse(n)~Areplybyarecipientofacampaignactivity.Campaign
responsescanresultfrommanychannels,includinge-mail,telephone,andfax.
CampaignType(n)~ThefieldinaCampaignforminwhichyoucanselectthetypeof
campaignthatisbeingrun.PossibletypesareAdvertisement,DirectMarketing,Event,
andOther.
Campaigns(n)~AbusinessapplicationinMicrosoftOfficeLivethatallowsusersto
createandmanagemarketingandsalescampaigns.
Campfire(PN)~Aweb-basedservicetosetuppassword-protectedchatroomsdesigned
exclusivelyforgroups.IncanbeintegratedwithVisualStudio.
CanadianPaymentAssociation(n)~Anorganizationthatspecifiespaymentformatsfor
Canada.
CanadianPaymentsAssociationStandard005(PN)~Astandardfortheexchangeof
financialdataonautomaticfundstransfer(AFT)recordsthatismaintainedbythe
CanadianPaymentsAssociation(CPA).
canary(n)~Apredeterminedvaluethatmustbepresentinaclient-serverrequestforthe
requesttobeconsideredvalid.
canaryvalue(n)~Apredeterminedvaluethatmustbepresentinaclient-serverrequest
fortherequesttobeconsideredvalid.
cancel(v)~Torevokeanaction.Toquitanactionwithoutsavinganychangesthatthe
actionwouldresultin.
Cancel(v)~Abuttonthatstopsthetaskinprogressandreturnstothepreviousstate.
cancel(v)~Toendtheprocessingofaworkflowinstancebytransitioningtheinstancetoa
completedstate.Theworkflowexecutescancellationhandlersthatenableyoutoperform
additionalactionssuchaserrorhandlingandcompensation.
cancel(v)~Toterminateaneventpriortoprocessing.
candidatekey(n)~Acolumnorsetofcolumnsthathaveauniquevalueforeachrowina
table.
candidatevector(n)~Aseriesoffilesthathasbeengeneratedbytheported
implementationforcomparisontestingwiththeConformanceTestTool.
Canonical(PN)~TheUK-basedprivatelyheldcomputersoftwarecompanythatmarkets
commercialsupportandrelatedservicesforUbuntuandrelatedprojects.
canonicalcommandtree(n)~Acommon,programmaticrepresentationofanyEntity
Frameworkquerycomposedofoneormoreexpressions.
canonicalform(n)~Inmathematicsandprogramming,thestandardorprototypicalform
ofanexpressionorastatement.
canonicalname(n)~Anobject’sdistinguishednamepresentedwiththerootfirstand
withoutthe(LDAP)attributetags(suchasCN=,DC=).Thesegmentsofthenameare
delimitedwithforwardslashes(/).Forexample,
CN=MyDocuments,OU=MyOU,DC=Microsoft,DC=Comispresentedas
microsoft.com/MyOU/MyDocumentsincanonicalform.
canonicalname(n)~AnameofaControlPanelitemthatcanbeusedto
programmaticallylaunchthatitem.
canonicalnamerecord(n)~AtypeofresourcerecordintheDomainNameSystemthat
associatesacomputer’strue(canonical)namewithanyaliasnamesalsousedbythe
computer.SomedomainregistrarsuseCNAMErecordstoredirectorredelegatedomain
names.
canonicalpath(n)~Thedefinitivepathfornavigatingtoacategoryorproductthatisa
memberofmorethanonecategory.Theprimaryparentcategorydeterminesthecanonical
pathtoacategoryorproduct.
canonicalverb(n)~Asystem-recognizedstandardverb,suchasprint
canvas(n)~Abasiclayoutpanelthatsupportsabsolutepositioninganddoesnotapply
anylayoutpolicy(forexample,autosizing)toitschildelements-€”itisliterallyablank
canvas.
Canvas(n)~AnHTML5elementthatispartoftheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)
HTML5specification.Thiselementallowsdynamicscriptablerenderingofpixels,
bitmaps,and2Dshapessuchasrectangles,polygons,andellipses.
canvas(n)~Asurfaceonwhichtodraworpaint.
canvaspanel(n)~Abasiclayoutpanelthatsupportsabsolutepositioninganddoesnot
applyanylayoutpolicy(forexample,autosizing)toitschildelements-€”itisliterallya
blankcanvas.
CAP(n)~InSMS2003andearlierreleases,anSMSsitesystemthatprovidesa
communicationpointbetweentheSMSsiteserverandLegacyClientcomputers.Legacy
Clientsdelivertheircollectedfiles,inventoryinformation,discoverydatarecords,
softwaremeteringdata,andstatusinformationtoCAPs.
cap(n)~Forpathsthatcontainunconnectedends,suchaslines,theendofastroke.You
canchangethewaythestrokelooksateachendbyapplyingoneoffourendcapstyles:
flatcap,roundcap,squarecap,andtrianglecap.
capability(n)~AvaluethatdevelopersspecifyintheappmanifestfortheirWindows
Storeapps.WindowsStoreappsusecapabilitiestodeclarethattheapprequires
programmaticaccesstoprotecteduserresources,suchasthePictureslibrary,orconnected
devices,suchasawebcam.
capability(n)~Theabilitytoperformafunction,forexample,theabilityofacloudto
hosthighlyavailablevirtualmachinesisacapability,andtheabilityofacloudtoconnect
virtualmachinestoacertainlogicalnetworkisacapability.
capabilityprofile(n)~AVirtualMachineManagerlibraryresourcethatdefineswhich
resources(forexample,numberofprocessorsormaximummemory)areavailabletoa
virtualmachinethatiscreatedinaprivatecloud.
capabletopromise(n)~Theportionofproductoutputfromavailableoperations
resourcesandavailableinputproductrequiredtofulfillaspecificcustomerrequirement.
capacity(n)~Theabilityofaresourcetoproduceanamountofoutputinaspecified
amountoftime.
Capacity(n)~Aresource’stimebasedontheirresourcebasecalendarminuscertain
standardexceptions.CapacityisequaltoBaseCapacityminusanallowanceforplanned
vacations,holidays,sicktime,etc.Forexample,apart-timeresourcewithaBaseCapacity
of.7FTEmighthaveaCapacityof.65FTEafteraccoutingforpartialbenefits.
capacity(n)~Theactualorpotentialabilityofaresourcetoperformanactivityorto
produceoutputinaspecifiedtimeperiod.
capacity(n)~Aconsumableresourcewhichispooledandreportedasanaggregatevalue
viaacloud.-CPUcount,memory,andstorageareexamplesofcapacitydimensions.
capacityload(n)~Themaximumamountofscheduledworkthataworkcentercan
performatarequiredcapacitylevel.
capacityplanning(n)~Theprocessofidentifyingandpreparingfortheapplication,
hardware,andnetworkrequirementstosupportexpectedsitetrafficandachievesite
performancegoals.
capacityplanning(n)~Aprocedurefordeterminingtheresourcecapacityrequirements
thatmeetthedemandoffutureoutputduringspecifictimeperiods.
capacityreservation(n)~Reservationofaresourcecapacityforarelatedworkcenteror
plannedproductionorder.
CAPI(n)~An(API)thatisprovidedaspartofMicrosoftWindows.CryptoAPIprovidesa
setoffunctionsthatallowapplicationstoencryptordigitallysigndatainaflexible
mannerwhileprovidingprotectionfortheuser’ssensitiveprivatekeydata.Actual
cryptographicoperationsareperformedbyindependentmodulesknownas(CSPs).
CAPI2(n)~TheAPIthatsupportsPKIandX.509certificates,suchascertificatechain
validation,certificatestores,andsignatureverification.
CAPICOM(PN)~AMicrosoftActiveXcontrolthatprovidesaComponentObjectModel
(COM)interfacetoMicrosoftCryptoAPI,whichexposesaselectsetofCryptoAPI
functionstoapplicationdevelopers.
capital(n)~Theamountofowners’investmentinabusinessplusretainedearnings.
capitalletter(n)~Insomelanguages,adistinct,andusuallylarger,formofaletter.May
beusedinword-initialpositionincertaincases,orforemphasis.
capitalization(n)~Theuseofacapitalletterinwritingorprinting.
capitalization(n)~Theconversionoffundsintocapitalortreatingthemascapitalrather
thanexpenses.
capitalizationofcost(n)~Thetemporarytreatmentofthecostsofhours,items,and
expensesascapitaluntiltherevenueisposted.
capitalize(v)~Towriteorprintwithaninitialcapitalorincapitals.
capitalized(adj)~Writtenorprintedwithaninitialcapitalorincapitals.
capitalizedletter(n)~Insomelanguages,adistinct,andusuallylarger,formofaletter.
Maybeusedinword-initialpositionincertaincases,orforemphasis.
CAPSLOCK(n)~Atogglekeythat,whenon,shiftsthealphabeticcharactersonthe
keyboardtouppercase.
CAPSLOCKkey(n)~Atogglekeythat,whenon,shiftsthealphabeticcharactersonthe
keyboardtouppercase.
CAPTCHA(n)~Achallengemeanttobeeasilysolvedbyhumans,whileremainingtoo
hardtobeeconomicallysolvedbycomputers.
caption(n)~Descriptivetextthatisassociatedwithapieceofcontent,suchasanimage.
caption(n)~Thehorizontalbaratthetopofawindowthatdisplaysthenameofthe
window.Titlebarscancontaindifferentbuttons,suchtheMinimize,Maximize,andClose
buttons,sothatyoucancontrolhowyouwanttoviewthewindow.
caption(n)~Descriptivetextthatrepresentstheaudiocontentofatelevisionorvideo
programastextonthescreen.Captionsareusuallyvisibleonlyifdecodedoractivated.
captionbar(n)~Thehorizontalbaratthetopofawindowthatdisplaysthenameofthe
window.Titlebarscancontaindifferentbuttons,suchtheMinimize,Maximize,andClose
buttons,sothatyoucancontrolhowyouwanttoviewthewindow.
captionbutton(n)~Abuttonthatisdisplayedonthecaptionbarofadockablepaneor
mini-framewindow.
captionsection(n)~Thesectiononagroupeddataaccesspagethatdisplayscaptionsfor
columnsofdata.Itappearsimmediatelybeforethegroupheader.
captiontext(n)~Descriptivetextthatisassociatedwithapieceofcontent,suchasan
image.
captiveportal(n)~AWebpagethatauserofapublic-accessnetworkhastoviewand
interactwithforauthentication,acceptingtermsofuse,orsecurityupdates.
capture(v)~Toassignaporttoaprinter.Documentsthatyouprintaresenttotheprinter
throughthecapturedport.
capture(n)~Anareaofthescreenthathasbeencircledduringacapturesessionandis
availableforannotationorotheroperations.
capturebuffer(n)~Themaximumsizeofthecapturefile.Whenthecapturefilereaches
themaximumsize,theoldestframesareremovedtomakeroomfornewerframes(FIFO
queue).
capturedate(n)~Thedatewhenadigitalphotographwastaken.
capturedevice(n)~Hardwarethattransfersaudioandvideofromanexternalsource,
suchasaVCRorcamcorder,toacomputer.
capturedrift(n)~Thedegreetowhichthetwodatastreamsareoutofsynchronization
whencapturingmultimediawithseparateaudioandvideocards.
capturegroup(n)~Inregularexpressions,anexpressionoftheform(
subexpressionaafe202a-1d96-4b36-a270-d676dfd3c51c)’or‘\(subexpressionaafe202a-
1d96-4b36-a270-d676dfd3c51c\)’whichmatchesthesequenceofcharactersinthetarget
sequencethatismatchedbythepatternbetweenthedelimiters.’
capturetrigger(n)~Asetofconditionsthat,whenmet,stopthecaptureorexecutea
programorcommandfiletoperformanothertypeofactionrelatedtothecapture.
capturedtraffic(n)~Thenetworktrafficthatissavedtobelaterexaminedandanalyzed.
Car(PN)~Thenameofdeviceprofilethatisactivatedwhenacarkitispluggedintothe
device.
carboncopy(n)~Adirectivetoane-mailprogramtosendacompletecopyofagiven
pieceofmailtoanotherindividual.Theuseofccmailaddressing,asopposedtodirectly
addressingthemailtoaperson,generallyimpliesthattherecipientisnotrequiredtotake
anyaction;themessageisforinformationalpurposesonly.Inaccdirective,thefactthat
thisrecipientreceivedthemailisprintedinthemailheaderandisthusknowntoallother
recipients.
carbonneutral~alsocalled-carbonneutrality,usedtodescribetheactionof
organizations,businessesandindividualstakingactiontoremoveasmuchcarbondioxide
fromtheatmosphereaseachputintoit.
card(n)~AWebpageinWML.WMLdevicescaneitherdisplaythecontentsofacardon
asinglescreenor,whennecessary,providescrollbarssothattheentirecontentsofthe
cardcanbeviewed.Developersneednotworryaboutmanipulatingcardsordecks
becauseASP.NETmobilecontrolshandleformatting,includingpagination,fortargeted
devices.
card(n)~Avirtualobjectthatissimilarinshapetoplayingcards.
card(n)~Agroupofdifferentvisualizationpatternsandinteractionsforcontentshownin
Sway.
card(n)~AniteminCortanahomeshowingananswer,suggestion,orquestion.
Card&board(PN)~Agamecategorythatreplicatesaphysicalcardorboardgame
experience.
card+board(PN)~Agamecategorythatreplicatesaphysicalcardorboardgame
experience.
Cardgallery(PN)~TheSwaymenuthatdisplaysalloftheavailablecardsinasingle
panel.
cardreader(n)~Aninputdeviceusedchieflyforidentificationpurposesthatreads
informationthathasbeenmagneticallyencoded,usuallyintwotracks,onaplasticcard,
suchasacreditcardoranemployeebadge.
cardscreen(n)~ThefirstscreeninConciergewhereuserscanopenamaporchoose
pointsofinterestfromrecommendedselectionsorcategories(suchasRestaurants).
cardvalidationcode(n)~Acodethatcreditcardcompaniesusetoauthorizecreditcard
charges.Forexample,AmericanExpressusesafour-digitnumberonthefrontofthe
creditcard,andVisa,MasterCard,andDiscoveruseathree-digitnumberontheback.
CardVerificationValue(n)~Acodethatcreditcardcompaniesusetoauthorizecredit
cardcharges.Forexample,AmericanExpressusesafour-digitnumberonthefrontofthe
creditcard,andVisa,MasterCard,andDiscoveruseathree-digitnumberontheback.
cardholder(n)~Apersonorcompanywhohastheauthoritytopurchasegoodsand
servicesusingapaymentcard.
cardinality(n)~Thenumberofentitiesthatcanexistoneachsideofarelationship.
CardioTracker(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertotrackeatingpatternstotrack
cardioexerciseactivities.
caret(n)~AsymbolusedtorepresenttheControlkeyonthekeyboard.Forexample,^Z
meansholdtheControlkeydownandpresstheZkey.”
caret(n)~Aflashingline,block,orbitmapintheclientareaofawindoworinacontrol
thatacceptskeyboardinput.
caretblinktime(n)~Theelapsedtime,inmilliseconds,requiredtoinvertthecaret
display.Thisvalueishalfoftheflashtime.
CaretBrowsing(PN)~Browsingornavigatingthroughapageusingthearrowkeys,
PAGEUP,PAGEDOWN,HOMEandENDkeys.
Carnivore~anInternetsurveillancesystemdevelopedfortheU.S.FBIsothattheycould
monitortheelectronictransmissionsofcriminalsuspects.Critics,however,chargedthat
Carnivoredidnotincludeappropriatesafeguardstopreventmisuseandmightviolatethe
constitutionalrightsoftheindividual.The-EPIC-reportedinearly2005thattheFBIhad
replacedCarnivorewithother,unspecifiedsurveillancesoftwarefromcommercial
sources.
carouselview(n)~InPowerPivotGallery,aspecializedviewwherethepreviewareais
centeredandthethumbnailsthatimmediatelyprecedeandfollowthecurrentthumbnail
areadjacenttothepreviewarea.
carriage(n)~Theassemblythatholdstheplatenofatypewriteroratypewriterlike
printer.Onastandardtypewriter,theplatenandcarriagemovepastafixedpositionwithin
thetypewriterhousing,wherethekeysstrikethepaper;theplatenrotatestoadvancethe
paperheldinthecarriage.Onmostimpactprintersforcomputers,however,theprinthead
movesbackandforthacrossaplaten,whichrotatesbutdoesnotmovehorizontally;in
suchmachines,theassemblythatcarriestheprintheadisoftencalledtheprint-head
carriageassembly.
carrier(n)~Acompanythatprovidestelephoneandothercommunicationsservicesto
consumers.
carrier(n)~Asignalinserialcommunicationsthatissentfromamodemtoitscomputer
toindicatethatthemodemisreadyfortransmitting.
carrier~Anetworkoperatormaymarketanynumberofcommunicationservicesfor
voiceanddata.Carriersoffertheirservicestobothend-customers(privateorbusiness)
andothercarriers.Inthelattercase,theservicesimplyconsistsoftransportcapacityfor
long-distancetraffic.
carrierdetected(oth)~Asignalinserialcommunicationsthatissentfromamodemtoits
computertoindicatethatthemodemisreadyfortransmitting.
carryforward(v)~Totransferclosingaccountbalancesfromoneaccountingperiodto
openingaccountbalancesinthesubsequentaccountingperiod.
carry-forwardbudget(n)~Thebudgetthatistransferredfromonefiscalyeartothenext
andthatisreservedforopenpurchaseordersinthenewfiscalyear.
carryingcost(n)~Thecostofretaininginventory,whetherrawmaterials,components,or
finishedgoods.Carryingcosttypicallyisexpressedasapercentageofinventoryvalueper
yearorothertimeperiod.
Cartesianproduct(n)~Anoperatorintherelationalalgebrausedindatabase
managementthat,whenappliedtotwoexistingrelations(tables),resultsinthecreationof
anewtablecontainingallpossibleorderedconcatenations(combinations)oftuples(rows)
fromthefirstrelationwithtuplesfromthesecond.Thenumberofrowsintheresulting
relationistheproductofthenumberofrowsinthetwosourcerelations.
CartoonViolence(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
CASpolicy(n)~Asetofrulesthatdefinessecuritypermissionsforacollectionof
assembliesbyassociatingattributesofthoseassemblies,suchaslocationandsignature,
withasetofcodeaccesssecuritypermissions.
cascade(v)~Topropagateanactionfromonedataentrytoreferencingtablesorentriesin
ordertoenforcereferentialintegrityinarelationaldatabase.Examplesofactionsthatcan
becascadedaredeletionsandupdates.
Cascade~Amethodofconnectingcircuitstogetherinseriestomaketheoutputofone,
theinputofthenext.Thiskindofend-to-endconnectivityisusefulinextendingthe
distanceofanetwork.
Cascade~Amethodofdisplayingseveralwindowsofinformationonamonitor.
cascadedelete(n)~Forrelationshipsthatenforcereferentialintegritybetweentables,the
deletionofallrelatedrecordsintherelatedtableortableswhenarecordintheprimary
tableisdeleted.
cascadingdelete(n)~Forrelationshipsthatenforcereferentialintegritybetweentables,
thedeletionofallrelatedrecordsintherelatedtableortableswhenarecordintheprimary
tableisdeleted.
cascadingevent(n)~Asequenceofeventscausedbyaneventproceduredirectlyor
indirectlycallingitself.
cascadingmenu(n)~Atypeofdrop-downmenuthatappearswhenauserpointstoa
commandonahigher-levelmenu.
cascadingstylesheet(n)~Astylesheet(a.cssfile)attachedtoanHTMLdocumentthat
controlstheformattingoftagsonWebpages.Thebrowserfollowsrules(acascading
order’)todetermineprecedenceandresolveconflicts.’
CascadingStyleSheets(n)~AHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)specification
developedbyTheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)thatallowsauthorsofHTML
documentsanduserstoattachstylesheetstoHTMLdocuments.Thestylesheetsinclude
typographicalinformationonhowthepageshouldappear,suchasthefontofthetextin
thepage.ThisspecificationalsodirectsthewayinwhichthestylesheetsoftheHTML
documentandtheuser’sstylewillblend.
cascadingupdate(n)~Forrelationshipsthatenforcereferentialintegritybetweentables,
theupdatingofallrelatedrecordsintherelatedtableortableswhenarecordinthe
primarytableischanged.
case(n)~Intextprocessing,anindicationofwhetheroneormorealphabeticcharacters
arecapitalized(uppercase)ornot(lowercase).Acase-sensitiveprogramorroutine
distinguishesbetweenuppercaseandlowercaselettersandtreatsthewordcatastotally
distinctfromeitherCatorCAT.Acase-sensitiveprogramthatalsoseparatescapitalized
andlowercasedwordswouldlistArkansasbeforeaardvarkorantimony,eventhoughits
alphabeticpositionfollowsbothlowercasedwords.
case(n)~Acustomerserviceissueorproblemreportedbyacustomerandtheactivities
thatcustomerservicerepresentativesusetoresolveit.
case(n)~Areceptacleforholdinggoodstobestoredortransported.
case(n)~Anabstractviewofdatacharacterizedbyattributesandrelationstoothercases.
casekey(n)~Theelementofacasebywhichthecaseisreferencedwithinacaseset.
CaseNo.(n)~Thenumbergiventoaspecificcaseforidentificationpurposes.
caseresolution(n)~Anactivitythatincludessuchinformationasthedescriptionofthe
resolutionandthebillabletimeofthecase.
casesensitivity(n)~Discriminationbetweenlowercaseanduppercasecharactersina
programoraprogramminglanguage.
CaseType(n)~Asub-categoryofcustomerserviceissuesthatindicateswhetheranissue
isaquestion,problem,orrequest.
cash(n)~Acurrencylimitedtomoney.
cashdiscount(n)~Adiscountthatisofferedtoapurchaserforpayingearlyorpaying
withcash.
cashdiscount(n)~Adiscountthatdependsonpromptpayment.
cashfloat(n)~Anamountofcashprovidedforthepurposeofgivingchangeor
exchangingcash.
cashflow(n)~Theamountofmoneycomingintoandgoingoutofacompanyandthe
timingoftheseflows.
cashflowforecast(n)~Anestimateoffuturecashflowonparticulardates,basedon
currentdataand/orbudgetdata.
cashondelivery(oth)~Apaymentpolicythatrequirespaymentinfullforproductupon
delivery.
cashondeliveryoutstanding(oth)~Undeliveredandunpaidcash-on-delivery
transaction.
cashreceipt(n)~Adocumentusedtorecordpaymentsanddepositsreceivedfrom
customers.
cashreceipt(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsthereceiptofcashorcash
equivalents.
cashregister(n)~Anelectronicormechanicaldevicewithatillthatrecordssales,
calculatestotals,calculateschange,andgeneratesproductreceipts.
Cashback(PN)~ThemenuitemontheBingmenuthatlinksto
http://www.bing.com/cashback/.
cash-generatingunit(n)~Thesmallestgroupofclassifiableassetsthatgeneratescash
independentlyofotherassetswithinanorganization.Thesegroupsofassetsareusedto
measureimpairmentlossesthatwillbeincurred.
Casino(PN)~TheGamessubcategorycontaininggamesofchance,likepoker,roulette,or
dice.
cast(v)~Toconvertonedatatypetoanother,suchasconvertingfromintegertofloating
point.
catalog(n)~Adirectoryofinformationaboutdatasets,files,oradatabase.Itusually
describeswhereadataset,fileordatabaseentityislocatedandmayalsoincludeother
information,suchasthetypeofdeviceonwhicheachdatasetorfileisstored.
catalog(n)~Acollectionofdata,forexample,asetofimagesandaudiofiles,thatis
groupedintoasingledirectory.
catalog(n)~Acollectionofcategoriesandproducts.Eachcataloghasauniquename.
catalog(n)~AlistofWebPartscontrols(orotherWebserver,customserver,oruser
controls),createdbyaSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.CatalogPartcontrol,thatuserscan
addtoaWebPartspage.
catalog(n)~Abinaryfilethatcontainsthestateofallofthesettingsandpackagesina
Windowsimage.Whenacatalogiscreated,itqueriestheWindowsimageforalistingof
allofthesettingsinthatimage.BecausethecontentsofaWindowsimagecanchange
overtime,itisimportantthatyourecreatethecatalogfilewheneveryouupdatea
Windowsimage.
catalog(n)~Thehighest-levelunitoforganizationinWindowsSearch.
catalog(n)~Alistorlibrarythatissharedbetweensitecollections.
CatalogandInventorySchemaManager(n)~AuserinterfaceinCommerceServerthat
allowsuserstoedit,add,orremovecatalogpropertiesandpropertydefinitions.
catalogdata(n)~Thecontentofthecatalog,includingdataabouttheindividualproduct
itemsandtheirorganizedcategories.
catalogdefinition(n)~Adescriptionofthecharacteristicsofacatalog.Thecatalog
definitionconsistsofpropertiesthatdefinethecatalog.Severalcatalogscanshareone
definition.
CatalogDesignermodule(n)~TheCommerceServerBusinessDeskmoduleusedto
createandmanagecatalogschema.Catalogschemaconsistsofcategorydefinitions,
productdefinitions,andpropertydefinitions.Thesecomponentsarethefoundationofthe
categories,products,andpropertiesincatalogs.
CatalogEditormodule(n)~TheCommerceServerBusinessDeskmoduleusedtoedit
andmanagecatalogs.TheCatalogEditormodulesupportsadding,editing,anddeleting
productsandcategories,aswellas,importingandexportingcatalogsandrefreshingfull-
textindexing.
catalogexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatspecifieswhichcatalogproductsmustbein
thebasketbeforeadiscountisapplied.
catalogfile(n)~Afilethatcontainslinkstoalldatastoredinacatalogandthethumbnail
imagesthatcorrespondtothoseimages.
CatalogFinder(PN)~Afeaturethatletstheusersearchforaparticularcatalogfile.
CatalogImporters(PN)~Afeaturethatletstheuserchoosewhichfiletypeswillbe
recognizedforimportintoacatalog.
CatalogMaintenanceRequestfile(PN)~Adatafileofproducts,theirdescriptionsand
prices,andactioncodesthatadd,update,ordeleteproductdatainavendorcatalog.
CatalogManager(n)~TheCommerceServerBusinessManagementuserinterfaceused
toimport,create,andmanagebaseandvirtualcatalogs.
catalogmerge(n)~Theprocessofcombininginformationfromadatasourcewitha
templatetocreatepagesthatdisplaymultiplerecordsperpage.
catalogmergearea(n)~Theareainacatalogmergetemplateintowhichmergefieldsare
inserted.Whenamergeiscompleted,datafromadatasourcepopulateseachfield,andthe
catalogmergeareawillrepeatanddisplaymultiplerecordsoneachpage.
catalogproperty(n)~Oneofthebasicpropertiesthatdescribesacatalog,suchasname,
startdate,enddate,currency,unitofweightmeasure,andproductuniqueID.
catalogschema(n)~Adescriptionofacatalogthatspecifiesitscategorydefinitions,
productdefinitions,andpropertydefinitions.Severalcatalogscanshareoneschema.
catalogset(n)~Agroupofoneormorecatalogs.
catalogset(n)~Afree-form,hierarchicalmethodoforganizingmediafiles.Youcanuse
catalogsetstoorganizeplaylists,photoalbums,andworkassignments,ortocreatea
complexsystemofcategorization.
CatalogSetsmodule(n)~TheCommerceServerBusinessDeskmoduleusedtocreate
andmanagecatalogsets.
catalogviews(n)~Built-inviewsthatformthesystemcatalogforSQLServer.
catastrophicerror(n)~Anerrorthatcausesthesystemoraprogramtofailabruptlywith
nohopeofrecovery.Anexampleofafatalerrorisanuncaughtexceptionthatcannotbe
handled.
catchweight(n)~Theactualornominalweightofasalesitemorinventoryitem.
catch-upscan(n)~Ascanthatisinitiatedbecauseregularlyscheduledquickscansorfull
scansweremissed.
Categories(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoapplycustomordefaultmarkersto
items(e.g.OutlookmessagesorOneNotecontent)inordertocategorizeinformationfor
easyretrievalandsorting.
categories(PN)~Alistofcategoriesthatdevelopersselectfromtomaketheirappmore
discoverable.
categories(PN)~AlistofdifferenttypesofXboxMusicapplicationcontents,suchas
games,music+video,lifestyle.
Categories(PN)~ThesectionoftheStorethatshowssubgroupsofappsandgames,
groupedbyintendeduseorfunction.
categorize(v)~Tocustomgroupapplications,computers,devices,Websites,andupdates
intosetsthatyoucanusetoorganizeyourdataandtocreatecustomreports.
categorizer(n)~AcomponentofExchangetransportthatprocessesallincoming
messagesanddetermineswhattodowiththemessagesbasedoninformationaboutthe
intendedrecipients.InExchangeServer2007,theEdgeTransportserverusesthe
categorizertoroutethemessagetotheappropriatedestination.TheHubTransportserver
usesthecategorizertoexpanddistributionlistsandidentifyalternaterecipientsand
forwardingaddresses.Afterthecategorizerretrievesfullinformationaboutrecipients,it
usesthatinformationtoapplypolicies,routethemessage,andperformcontent
conversion.
category(n)~Acontainerforproductsorsub-categories.Eachcategoryisanindividual
instanceofacategorydefinition.
Category(n)~AUIelementthatausercanclickontoassociatecategorieswithan
appointment.
category(n)~Akeywordordescriptionusedtoidentifygroupsofrelateditems.
category(n)~Atab-likenavigationlinkthatprovidesaccessbetweendifferentsectionsof
informationwithintheOptionsdialogbox.
category(n)~Aclassificationforgroupingcontentbyuser-definedcriteriasuchaspage
contents,filetypes,orasimilardistinction.
category(n)~Acustomgroupingusedtoorganizeyourdataandtocreatecustomized
reports.
category(n)~Akeywordorphrasewithanassociatedcolorthathelpsyoukeeptrackof
items,suchasmessages,contacts,andappointments.Youcanusecolorcategoriesto
easilyfind,sort,filter,orgroupitems.
category(n)~Aclassifierusedtogroupparties,locations,products,andactivities.
category(n)~Aclassifier,designation,ordivisionofobjectsthatshareacommon
property.
category(n)~IntheAlertsworkspace,aniteminthenavigationpane.
categoryaxis(n)~Achartaxisthatrepresentsthecategoryforeachdatapoint.Itdisplays
arbitrarytextvalueslikeQtr1,Qtr2,andQtr3;itcannotdisplayscalednumericalvalues.
categorycatalog(n)~Acollectionofcategoryitemsthatareusedonlyforpurchase
requisitions.
categorydefinition(n)~Thepropertiesthatareavailableinaparticulartypeofcategory.
Onecategorydefinitionmaybeusedformanycategories.
CategoryExplorer(n)~Awindowthatdisplaysalistofalltheelementsinthespace
plan,groupedbycategory.Itprovidesawaytoviewtheresourcesinthedrawingby
category.
categoryfield(n)~AfieldthatisdisplayedinthecategoryareaofPivotChartview.Items
inacategoryfieldappearaslabelsonthecategoryaxis.
categoryhierarchy(n)~Astructurethatorderscategoriesusingasuperordinate-
subordinaterelationship.
categoryitem(n)~Ageneral,nonspecificitemthatisregisteredinthesystembut
typicallynotstockedandoftenconsumedimmediately.Acategoryitemisusedin
purchaserequisitionswhenuserscannotfindasuitableiteminaproductcatalogorby
searchingallitems.Acategoryitemmustbeassociatedwithaproductcategory.
categoryproperty(n)~Oneofthepropertiesthatformacategorydefinition.
categoryrelationship(n)~Theassociationofoneproductwithanotherproductor
category.Categoryrelationshipshavenames,adescription,andatarget.
CategoryValue(PN)~Afieldthatallowstheusertospecifyabasiccategoryofbusiness
activitythatisinvolvedinonetypeofbusiness.
CAU(PN)~Afeaturethatautomatestheprocessofapplyingsoftwareupdatestothe
nodesinafailovercluster.WithCluster-AwareUpdating,aserveradministratorcan
previewandapplyupdatestoacluster,createaprofilethatstandardizesthewayupdates
areapplied,andviewreportsofpastupdatingruns.Cluster-AwareUpdatingincludesa
graphicalinterface,WindowsPowerShellcmdlets,andforextensibility,acustomplug-in
API.
causalitychain(n)~Aseriesofmethodcalls,events,andasynchronousoperations
leadingfromthebeginningofaprogramtothestatementcurrentlybeingexecutedatrun
time.
causeandeffectdiagram(n)~Atypeofdiagramthatdocumentsallthefactorsthat
contributetooraffectagivensituation(allthecausesthatleadtoacertaineffect).
CBCP(n)~TheNetworkControlProtocolthatnegotiatestheuseofcallbackoverPPP
links.
CBR(n)~Acharacteristicofadatastreaminwhichthebitrateremainsnearlyuniform
forthedurationofthestream.
CBR(n)~AreportgeneratedbyOEMsforeachOA3.0manufacturedcomputerwhichis
thensenttoMicrosoftforprocessing.Thisreportincludesthehardwarehashvalueand
ProductKeyID.
CBS(n)~AservicingmodelusedinWindowsinwhichcomponentsareidentifiedbyan
XMLmanifestcontainingthefullcontentsofthecomponent.Multiplecomponentscanbe
includedinapackage,thecontentsofwhicharealsoidentifiedinanXMLmanifest.
CBS(oth)~Thegovernmentagencythatisresponsibleforcollectingstatistical
information(suchasIntrastatdataormanufacturingstatistics)fromcompaniesinthe
Netherlands.
CBS(PN)~AservicethatmanagestheOLAPcubesforProjectServerreporting.
CBT(n)~Theuseofcomputersandspeciallydevelopedtutorialprogramsforteaching.
CBTusescolor,graphics,andotherattention-gettingaidstohelpmaintaininterest,andit
hasbothsimpleandsophisticatedapplications.
cc(n)~Adirectivetoane-mailprogramtosendacompletecopyofagivenpieceofmail
toanotherindividual.Theuseofccmailaddressing,asopposedtodirectlyaddressingthe
mailtoaperson,generallyimpliesthattherecipientisnotrequiredtotakeanyaction;the
messageisforinformationalpurposesonly.Inaccdirective,thefactthatthisrecipient
receivedthemailisprintedinthemailheaderandisthusknowntoallotherrecipients.
Ccline(n)~TextboxlocatedontheComposepage.Providesspaceforuserstotypethe
e-mailaddress(es)ofthosewhowillbethesecondaryrecipient(s)ofane-mailmessage.
Derivesfromthetermcarboncopy.
cc:Mail(PN)~Ane-mailprogramoriginallyintroducedbycc:mail,Inc.,andcurrently
producedbytheLotusDevelopmentCorporation.Lotuscc:Mailrunsonmultiple
networkingplatformsandtheInternetandiscloselyintegratedwithLotusNotes
collaborativesoftware.
CCB(n)~AspecificallyformattedinformationsetusedintheIBMTokenRing
environmentthatistransmittedfromtheapplicationprogramtotheadaptersupport
softwaretorequestanoperation.
CCB(n)~Aninternalfilesystemstructureinwhichafilesystemmaintainstheper-file
objectstateforanopeninstanceofafile.
CCCP(n)~Acustomprotocolforcommunicatingconferencecreationandcontrol
commandsfromclientstoCommunicationsServer.
CCD(n)~Adeviceinwhichindividualsemiconductorcomponentsareconnectedsothat
theelectricalchargeattheoutputofonedeviceprovidestheinputtothenext.
CCD(n)~Astandardformatusedtotransferpatienthealthinformationbetweensystems.
CCD(PN)~CorporateCashDisbursement-AuniqueStandardEntryCode(SEC)thatis
primarilyusedforbusiness-to-businesstransactions.
CCD~(ChargeCoupledDevice)-Thecomponentofa-scanner-ordigitalcamerawhich
actuallytakesthepictures.Thequalityofimageitiscapableofisusuallymeasured
in-Megapixels--thehigherthenumber,themoredetailedtheimage.
CCM(n)~Anumericcodethatidentifiestaxpayerswhoperformself-employedworkin
Brazil.
CCR(n)~Areplicationthatcombinestheasynchronouslogshippingandreplayfeatures
builtintoExchange2007withthefailoverandmanagementfeaturesprovidedbya
failoverclusterthatiscreatedwiththeMicrosoftWindowsClusterservice.
CCR(n)~Astandardformatusedtotransferpatienthealthinformationbetweensystems.
CCW(n)~Aproxyobjectgeneratedbythecommonlanguageruntimesothatexisting
COMapplicationscanusemanagedclasses,including.NETFrameworkclasses,
transparently.
CD(n)~Anopticalstoragemediumfordigitaldata.
CDboot(n)~TheprocessofstartingacomputerfromtheretailproductCD-ROMand
theninstallingWindowsontheharddiskusingtheSetupprogramontheCD.
CDburner(n)~AdeviceusedtowriteCD-ROMs.Becauseadisccanbewrittenonly
onceonthesemachines,theyareusedmostcommonlytocreateCD-ROMsfordata
archivesortoproduceCD-ROMmastersthatcanbeduplicatedformassdistribution.
CDBurner~ACDdrivethatcancreate(‘burn’)CDs.
CDburnerspeed(n)~ThespeedatwhichtheCDdrivewillrecordthedata.
CDdrive(n)~AnelectromechancialdevicethatreadsdataonCD-ROMs.MostCD-
ROMdriveshaveaSCSIinterface,althoughsomeareconnectedtoaPCviaacontroller
foradiskdrive.Dataisreadthroughasmalllaserthatisfocusedonthesurfaceofthe
CD-ROMthroughopticalmirrorsintheread/writehead.Aspindleanddrivemotor
revolvetheCD-ROM,soalldata,whichisstoredinspiralsfromthecenter,canberead.
CDjewelcase(n)~TheplasticcasehousingaCD.
CDplayer(n)~Adevicethatreadstheinformationstoredonacompactdisc.Acompact
discplayercontainstheopticalequipmentnecessaryforreadingadisc’scontentsandthe
electroniccircuitryforinterpretingthedataasitisread.
CDrecorder(n)~AdeviceusedtowriteCD-ROMs.Becauseadisccanbewrittenonly
onceonthesemachines,theyareusedmostcommonlytocreateCD-ROMsfordata
archivesortoproduceCD-ROMmastersthatcanbeduplicatedformassdistribution.
CDsleeve(n)~AcaseforholdingCDs.
CD/DVD-ROMsubscription(n)~TheactofsubscribingtoproductmediainCD/DVD
format.
CDA(oth)~Anabbreviationfor-€˜ClinicalDocumentArchitecture’whichisthestandard
formatusedtodefinehowpatienthealthinformationistransferredbetweensystems.
CDATA(n)~AsectioninanExtensibleMarkupLanguage(XML)document,bracketed
by[!CDATA[[and]]]characters.Alldatainthissection,includingmarkuptags,istreated
asnormalcharactersbytheXMLparser.
CDFS(n)~A32-bitprotected-modefilesystemthatcontrolsaccesstothecontentsof
CD-ROMdrives.
CDMAnetwork(n)~ACodeDivisionMultipleAccess(CDMA)network,usedby
phonesthatdonothaveSIMcards.
CDN(n)~Adistributedsystemofserversdeployedinmultipledatacentersthatcache
contentfromoriginserversandthenserveittocustomers.Thisactionreducestheloadon
theoriginserversandprovideshigh-availabilityandperformancetocustomers.
CDN(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzurecachingservicethatstoresblobsatstrategicallyplaced
locationstoprovidemaximumbandwidthfordeliveringcontenttousers.
CDNDataTransfer(GB)(PN)~TheunitofmeasurefortheCDNDataTransfer
resource.
CDNSSLTransactions(in10,000s)(PN)~TheunitofmeasurefortheCDNtransactions
transferredviatheSecureSocketLayer.
CDNTransactions(in10,000s)(PN)~TheunitofmeasurefortheCDNTransactions
resource.
CDO(n)~Adeviceobjectthatrepresentsthefilterdrivertothesystemandtouser-mode
applicationandwhichallowsapplicationstocommunicatewiththefilterdriverdirectly,
evenbeforethefilterisattachedtoafilesystemorvolumedeviceobject.
CDO(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)thatallowsusersandapplications
high-levelaccesstodataobjectsinExchange.CDOdefinestheconceptofdifferentobject
classes,includingmessages,posts,appointments,andtasks.
CDP(n)~Acertificateextensionthatindicateswherethecertificaterevocationlistfora
CAcanberetrieved.Itcancontainnone,one,ormanyHTTP,file,orLDAPURLs.
CDR(n)~AfunctionoftheMonitoringServerforcollectinginformationsuchaswhena
usersignsinorout;starts,joins,leaves,orendsaconferenceorIMsession;transfersa
file;orplacesoranswersaVoIPcall.CDRcapturesonlyusagedata;itdoesnotarchive
thecontentofanycommunicationactivity.
CD-R(n)~AtypeofCD-ROMthatcanbewritten(onlyonce)onaCDrecorderandread
onaCD-ROMdrive.
CD-ROM(n)~Aformofstoragecharacterizedbyhighcapacity(roughly650MB)and
theuseoflaseropticsinsteadofmagneticmeansforreadingdata.
CD-ROMdrive(n)~AnelectromechancialdevicethatreadsdataonCD-ROMs.Most
CD-ROMdriveshaveaSCSIinterface,althoughsomeareconnectedtoaPCviaa
controllerforadiskdrive.Dataisreadthroughasmalllaserthatisfocusedonthesurface
oftheCD-ROMthroughopticalmirrorsintheread/writehead.Aspindleanddrivemotor
revolvetheCD-ROM,soalldata,whichisstoredinspiralsfromthecenter,canberead.
CD-ROM,CD-R~(CompactDisk-ReadOnlyMemory)-Amisnomer,asstrictly
speakingitisnotmemorybutstorage.IdenticaltostandardmusicCDs.Apopular
mediumforreleasingprograms.Nowbeingreplacedby-DVD,whichhasamuchhigher
capacity.
CDRs(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerArchivingServicefeatureforcapturing
andreportingoneventsassociatedwithusersloggingonandoff,IMconversations,and
conferences.
CD-RW(n)~AtypeofCDonwhichfilescanbecopied,erased,andreplaced.
CD-RW~(CompactDisk-ReWriter)-ACDdrivewhichcancreateCDs,eitheraudioor
data,usingspecialrewriteableCDswhicharealsooftencalledCD-RWs.ACD-RWdrive
canalsocreateordinaryCDs,thoughnotrewritethem.
CDS(PN)~AservicethatenablesDCEclientstolocatecompatibleservers.
CE~CE-markingisaEuropeanUnionregulatorycommunitysign.Itsymbolizesthe
complianceoftheproductwithallessentialrequirementsrelatingtosafety,publichealth,
consumerprotection.-http://www.eurunion.org/
cedilla(n)~Thediacriticalmark‘-¸’placedunderalettertoindicateanalterationor
modificationofitsusualphoneticvalue(asintheFrenchword‘façade’).
CEIP(PN)~AMicrosoftprogramthatinvitescustomerstoprovideMicrosoftwithmore
detailedinformationabouthowthesoftwareisusedincludingthetypeandfrequencyof
errors,softwareandhardwareperformance,andfeatureusage.Thisinformationis
anonymousandvoluntary,andisusedstrictlyforthepurposesofsoftwaredevelopment.
cell(n)~Aboxformedbytheintersectionofarowandacolumninaworksheetora
table,inwhichyouenterinformation.
cell(n)~Inacube,thesetofproperties,includingavalue,specifiedbytheintersection
whenonememberisselectedfromeachdimension.
CellDirectoryService(PN)~AservicethatenablesDCEclientstolocatecompatible
servers.
cellphone(n)~Ahandheldportabletelephonethatoperatesthrougharadionetwork.
cellrange(n)~Ablockoftwoormorecellsinaspreadsheet.
cellreference(n)~Thesetofcoordinatesthatacelloccupiesonaworksheet.For
example,thereferenceofthecellthatappearsattheintersectionofcolumnBandrow3is
B3.
cellspacing(n)~Thedistancebetweenthecellsofatableorworkbook.
cellset(n)~InADOMD,anobjectthatcontainsacollectionofcellsselectedfromcubes
orothercellsetsbyamultidimensionalquery.
cellular(n)~Aradionetworkthatprovidescoverageforcellulartelephone
communications.
Cellular&SIM(PN)~AfeatureinSettingswheretheusercanchangethesettingsforthe
cellularconnectionandfortheSIMcard.
cellulardata(n)~Non-voicedatathataphoneexchangesovertheair,usingthemobile
operator’scellularnetwork.
CellularLine(PN)~AmodemoptionusedtoconnecttoanInternetserviceprovider
(ISP)ornetwork.
cellularnetwork(n)~Aradionetworkthatprovidescoverageforcellulartelephone
communications.
cellularphone(n)~Ahandheldportabletelephonethatoperatesthrougharadionetwork.
cellularsignal(n)~Thesignalbetweenacellularphoneandthemobileoperator’s
networkthatallowstheusertoaccesstheInternetandmakephonecallsusingacellular
phone.Atelecommunicationsstandardthatletsuserssendandreceivemessagesthat
includerichtext,images,audio,andvideo.
Celtic(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#88.
centsign(n)~The-¢character.
CENTSIGN(n)~The-¢character.
center(v)~Toalignobjectsortextaroundapointlocatedinthemiddleofaline,page,or
otherdefinedarea;ineffect,topositionitemsanequaldistancefromeachmarginor
border.
centerofrotation(n)~Thepointaroundwhichashapeortextblockrotates.
centerpoint(n)~Thepointonanobjectaroundwhichtheobjectcanberotated,scaled,
orskewed.(Whenscalingorskewing,theALTkeymustbepressedtousethecenterpoint
astheanchorinsteadoftheoppositeedge.)Thecenterpointstartsoutinthecenterofthe
object,butcanbemovedanywhere.
centeredmode(n)~Akeyboardlayoutinwhichtheonscreenkeyboardiscentered.
centerlinetrap(n)~Thesmalloverlapcreatedwheretwodifferentlycoloredobjectsthat
arecloseinluminanceabutonaprintedpage.
center-spot(n)~Inphotography,pertainingtoaspotmeteringmodewhichusesatiny
pointattheverycenterofthesceneincalculatingexposure.
CentraalBureauvoordeStatistiek(n)~Thegovernmentagencythatisresponsiblefor
collectingstatisticalinformation(suchasIntrastatdataormanufacturingstatistics)from
companiesintheNetherlands.
centralaccesspolicy(n)~Anaccesspolicythatallowsorganizationstocentrallydeploy
andmanageauthorizationpoliciesthatincludeconditionalexpressionsusingusergroups,
userclaims,deviceclaims,andresourceproperties.
CentralAdministrationsite(PN)~AspecialSharePointsitewhereanadministratorcan
manageallsitesandserversinafarmthatisrunningMicrosoft-®SharePoint-®Products
andTechnologies.
centraladministrationsite(n)~Asitethatcoordinatesintersitedatareplicationacross
thehierarchybyusingConfigurationManagerdatabasereplication,andenablesthe
administrationofhierarchy-wideconfigurationsforclientagents,discovery,andother
operations.
CentralBankMFOCode(n)~A9-digitcodeusedtoidentifybanksforrouting
transactionsintheRussianFederation.
centralbanktransactioncode(n)~AstatisticalcodedefinedbytheCentralBankof
RussiausedtodescribethesubjectsofpaymentsdenominatedinRussianroublesfor
cross-bordertransactions.
CentralBureauforStatistics(n)~Thegovernmentagencythatisresponsiblefor
collectingstatisticalinformation(suchasIntrastatdataormanufacturingstatistics)from
companiesintheNetherlands.
CentralManagementServer(n)~Theserverrole(oneperorganization)ononeFront
Endpoolinthedeploymentthatmanagesanddeploysbasicconfigurationdatatoall
serversthatarerunningLyncServer.AlsoprovidesLyncServerManagementShelland
filetransfercapabilities.
CentralManagementstore(PN)~Thecentraldatabase(oneperorganization)that
containsthedatatodefine,setup,maintain,andadministeradeployment,includingthe
deploymenttopologyanduserpolicies.
centralprocessingunit(n)~Thecomputationalandcontrolunitofacomputer.TheCPU
isthedevicethatinterpretsandexecutesinstructions.Mainframesandearly
minicomputerscontainedcircuitboardsfullofintegratedcircuitsthatimplementedthe
CPU.Single-chipcentralprocessingunits,calledmicroprocessors,madepossiblepersonal
computersandworkstations.
CentralPublishingservice(PN)~AservicewithinRemoteDesktopServicesresponsible
foraggregatingRemoteAppprogramsanddesktopsthatarepublishedtoendusersfrom
acrosstheentiredeployment.Itensureonlyuserswithappropriaterightscanaccess
publishedresources.Theresourcesareusedtodisplayerrormessagesthat,forexample,
mightsaythatthepublishingserviceisunavailable.Thiscanhelptheadmindebugtheir
deployment.
centralsite(n)~TheprimarysiteatthetopoftheConfigurationManagerhierarchy,to
whichallothersitesinthesystemreporttheirinventory,siteconfigurations,software
meteringdata,andstatus.
CentralizedCertificates(PN)~AnIISfeaturethatprovidesasingleSSLcertificatestore
foraserverfarm(webfarm)andsimplifiesthemanagementofSSLbindings.
CentralizedConferenceControlProtocol(n)~Acustomprotocolforcommunicating
conferencecreationandcontrolcommandsfromclientstoCommunicationsServer.
centralizedpaymentsystem(n)~Apaymentprocessingsysteminwhichonecompanyin
anorganizationmanagestheincomingandoutgoingpaymentsbetweenothercompanies
inthesameorganization.Theothercompaniesstillowntheinvoices.Duringthe
settlementprocess,applicable‘dueto’and‘duefrom’transactionsaregenerated.
centralizedprocessing(n)~Asharedservicethatpoolsresourcesforleveragingorcost
reductionpurposes.
centralizedregistrationmodel(n)~Aregistrationmodelthatremovesallcertificate
subscriberparticipationfromthemanagementpolicy.Fortheworkflow,auserdesignated
astheoriginatorwillinitiatetherequestandanenrollmentagentwillexecutetherequest.
centralizedstatement(n)~Aconsolidatedcustomerstatementthatincludestransaction
dataforallcompaniesinthesameorganizationthatacustomerdoesbusinesswith.
Centrex~Aserviceprovidedfromareservedsectionofthemainpublicexchangethat
hasbeenreprogrammedtoactasifitweretheexclusivePBXofanindividualuser,in
otherwordsa‘virtual’PBX.
Centronics(PN)~Astandard36-pinparallelinterfaceforconnectingprintersandother
devicestoacomputer.Itdefinestheplu,socketandsignalsusedandtransfersdata
asynchronouslyupto2000Kbytes/sec.Thisdefactostandardwasdevelopedbythe
printermanufacturersCentronicsCorp.
CEP(n)~Thecontinuousandincrementalprocessingofeventstreamsfrommultiple
sourcesbasedondeclarativequeryandpatternspecificationswithnear-zerolatency.
CEP(PN)~AroleservicewithintheADCSserverrolethatenablesusersandcomputers
toobtaincertificateenrollmentpolicyinformationevenwhenthecomputerisnota
memberofadomainorifadomain-joinedcomputeristemporarilyoutsidethesecurity
boundaryofthecorporatenetwork.
CEPengine(n)~ThecoreengineandadapterframeworkcomponentsofMicrosoft
StreamInsight.TheStreamInsightservercanbeusedtoprocessandanalyzetheevent
streamsassociatedwithacomplexeventprocessingapplication.
CERN(PN)~AphysicsresearchcenterlocatedinGeneva,Switzerland,wherethe
originaldevelopmentoftheWorldWideWebtookplaceundertheleadershipofTim
Berners-Leein1989asamethodtofacilitatecommunicationamongmembersofthe
scientificcommunity.
CERO(n)~Anon-profit,self-regulatoryorganizationwhichappliesandenforces
interactivegameratingsinJapan.
CertManager(PN)~AfeatureusedtoimportandexportdigitalIDsandtoviewall
digitalIDsstoredontheuser’scomputer.
certificate(n)~Adigitaldocumentthatiscommonlyusedforauthenticationandtohelp
secureinformationonanetwork.Acertificatebindsapublickeytoanentitythatholdsthe
correspondingprivatekey.Certificatesaredigitallysignedbythecertificationauthority
thatissuesthem,andtheycanbeissuedforauser,acomputer,oraservice.
certificate~Digitalrepresentationofuserordeviceattributes,includingapublickey,that
issignedwithanauthoritativeprivatekey.
certificateauthentication(n)~AformofIISauthenticationinwhichIISacceptsclient-
certificatesusedtoprovetheclient’sidentity.Usingthisformofauthentication,IIScan
optionallymapaclientcertificatetoaWindowsuseraccountbyusinganinternal
mappingtableorActiveDirectory.
certificatechain(n)~Asequenceofcertificates,whereeachcertificateinthesequenceis
signedbythesubsequentcertificate.Thelastcertificateinthechainisnormallyaself-
signedcertificate.
certificatechaining(n)~Aprocessthatbuildsoneormorecertificatepaths.The
certificatepathsmayormaynottraceuptoaself-signedorrootcertificate.
certificateenrollment(n)~Theprocessofrequesting,receiving,andinstallinga
certificate.
certificateenrollmentpolicy(n)~Asetofrulesgoverningcertificateenrollment.
CertificateEnrollmentPolicyWebService(PN)~AroleservicewithintheADCS
serverrolethatenablesusersandcomputerstoobtaincertificateenrollmentpolicy
informationevenwhenthecomputerisnotamemberofadomainorifadomain-joined
computeristemporarilyoutsidethesecurityboundaryofthecorporatenetwork.
certificateenrollmentrequest(n)~Theinitialphaseofthecertificateenrollmentprocess,
inwhichtheclientsubmitshisrequestforacertificatetothecertificationauthority(CA)
inaspecialformatthatincludestheidentityoftheuserrequestingthecertificateandall
thenecessaryinformationneededbytheCAtoapproveorrejecttherequest.
CertificateEnrollmentWebService(PN)~AroleservicewithintheADCSserverrole
thatenablesusersandcomputerstoenrollforandrenewcertificatesevenwhenthe
computerisnotamemberofadomainorifadomain-joinedcomputeristemporarily
outsidethesecurityboundaryofthecomputernetwork.
certificateissuance(n)~Theprocessofgenerating,issuingandpublishingcertificates,
typicallyinaccordancewiththeapplicablecertificateissuancepolicy.
certificateissuancepolicy(n)~Asetofrulesthatdefinesallthesecurity-relevant
requirements(suchaskeymanagementandauthenticationlevels)thatmustbemetwhen
certificatesareissuedtousers.
certificateissuer(n)~Thecertificationauthoritywhichissuedthecertificatetothe
subject.
CertificateLifecycleManagerClient(PN)~AsuiteofCertificateLifecycleManager
(CLM)clienttoolsthatassistenduserswithmanagingtheirsmartcards.Thetoolsinclude
theSmartCardSelfServiceControl,theSmartCardPersonalizationControl,andthe
CertificateProfileUpdateControl.SeeSmartCardSelf-ServiceControl,SmartCard
PersonalizationControl,CertificateProfileUpdateControl.
certificatemanager(n)~ACertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)userthathasthe
appropriateCLMpermissionstoeitheradministerotherCLMusersortoadministerthe
CLMapplicationitself.
certificatemanagerWebportal(n)~AWebapplicationrunningontheCertificate
LifecycleManager(CLM)server.Thisportalallowscertificateadministratorsto
administerotherusers’certificatesandsmartcards.Thecertificatesubscriberand
certificatemanagerWebportalsarebothaccessedthroughthesameuniversalresource
locator(URL);however,thecontentdisplayedisbasedonauser’srolesandpermissions.
certificateofauthenticity(n)~Alabelwithsophisticatedanti-counterfeitingfeaturesthat
helpstheenduseridentifythatthecomputerusesavalidlylicensedcopyofMicrosoft
Windows.Theproductnameandauniqueproductkeyappearinthecenterofthelabel.
TheOEMmustphysicallyattachtheCOAlabeltothecomputerchassis,anditshould
neverberemovedfromthecomputer.
certificatepolicy(n)~Anamedsetofrulesthatindicatetheapplicabilityofcertificates
foraspecificclassofapplicationswithcommonsecurityrequirements.Suchapolicy
might,forexample,limitcertaincertificatestoelectronicdatainterchangetransactions
withingivenpricelimits.
CertificateProfileUpdateControl(PN)~AnActiveXcontrolthatautomatestheupdate
ofCertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)profilesonclientcomputers.
certificateregistrationpoint(n)~Asitesystemrolethatcommunicateswiththeserver
thatrunstheNetworkDeviceEnrollmentServiceofActiveDirectoryCertificateServices
tomanagedevicecertificaterequeststhatusetheSimpleCertificateEnrollmentProtocol.
certificaterequest(n)~Aspeciallyformattedelectronicmessage(senttoaCA)usedto
requestacertificate.TherequestmustcontaintheinformationrequiredbytheCAto
authenticatetherequest,plusthepublickeyoftheentityrequestingthecertificate.Allthe
informationnecessarytocreatetherequestismappedtoaCERT_REQUEST_INFO
structure.
certificaterevocation(n)~Theprocessofrevokingadigitalcertificate.
certificaterevocationchecking(n)~Awaytoseeifacertificateusedtosignamessage
isvalid.Outlookcancheckthestatusofthecertificatefromtheissuingcertification
authority’sdatabase.
certificaterevocationlist(n)~Adocumentmaintainedandpublishedbyacertification
authoritythatlistscertificatesthathavebeenrevoked.
certificaterevocationlistdistributionpoint(n)~Acertificateextensionthatindicates
wherethecertificaterevocationlistforaCAcanberetrieved.Itcancontainnone,one,or
manyHTTP,file,orLDAPURLs.
CertificateServices(PN)~Asoftwareservicethatissuescertificatesforaparticular
certificationauthority.Itprovidescustomizableservicesforissuingandmanaging
certificatesfortheenterprise.Certificatescanbeusedtoprovideauthenticationsupport,
includingsecuree-mail,Web-basedauthentication,andsmart-cardauthentication.
certificatestore(n)~Apermanentstoragewherecertificates,certificaterevocationlists,
andcertificatetrustlistsarestored.Acertificatestorecanalsobetemporarywhen
workingwithsession-basedcertificates.
certificatesubscriber(n)~Auserthatneedscertificateswithourwithoutsmartcards.
Certificatesubscriberscanaccessasmallnumberoffunctionsthatcanonlybeperformed
fortheuser’sowncertificates.
certificatesubscriberWebportal(n)~AWebapplicationrunningontheCertificate
LifecycleManager(CLM)server.ThiscomponentoftheCLMserverinteractsdirectly
withusersinaself-servicemode.ThespecificfunctionalityisbaseduponActive
Directorygroupmembershipsandpermissions.Thecertificatesubscriberandcertificate
managerWebportalsarebothaccessedthroughthesameuniversalresourcelocator
(URL);however,thecontentdisplayedisbasedonauser’srolesandpermissions.
certificatetemplate(n)~AWindowsconstructthatspecifiestheformatandcontentof
certificatesbasedontheirintendedusage.WhenrequestingacertificatefromaWindows
enterprisecertificationauthority(CA),certificaterequestorscanselectfromavarietyof
certificatetypesthatarebasedoncertificatetemplates.
certificatetrustlist(n)~Asignedlistofrootcertificationauthoritycertificatesthatan
administratorconsidersreputablefordesignatedpurposes,suchasclientauthenticationor
securee-mail.
certificatetrustvalidation(n)~Thevalidationprocessthatdeterminesifacertificate
chainstoarootCAcertificatethatistrustedbytheactualsecuritycontext.
Certificates(PN)~Afeaturethatinitiatestheprocessofsendingacertificatewhena
messageisdigitallysigned.Thecertificateprovesthesender’sidentityandsuppliesthe
recipientwithapublickeywithwhichtodecryptthesender’sencryptedmessage.
certificatessnap-in(n)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)snap-inthatisused
tomanagecertificatestoresforusers,computers,andservices.
certificationauthority(n)~Anentityentrustedtoissuecertificatesthatassertthatthe
recipientindividual,computer,ororganizationrequestingthecertificatefulfillsthe
conditionsofanestablishedpolicy.
certificationauthorityhierarchy(n)~Ahierarchyinwhichtherolesofthecertification
authorityareseparatedintoonerootCAandoneormoresubordinateCAs.
certificationauthoritysnap-in(n)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)snap-in
thatisusedtoconfigureandmanagecertificationauthorities.
CertificationAuthorityWebEnrollment(PN)~Theroleservicethatprovidesasetof
webpagesthatallowinteractionwiththeCertificationAuthorityroleservice.
certificationhierarchy(n)~Amodeloftrustforcertificatesinwhichcertificationpaths
arecreatedbymeansoftheestablishmentofparent-childrelationshipsbetween
certificationauthorities.
certificationpath(n)~Asequenceofcertificates,whereeachcertificateinthesequence
issignedbythesubsequentcertificate.Thelastcertificateinthechainisnormallyaself-
signedcertificate.
certificationstatus(n)~Thestageofanappinthecertificationprocess.
CertUtil(PN)~Acommand-lineprogramthatisinstalledaspartofCertificateServices
andcanbeusedtodumpanddisplaycertificationauthority(CA)configuration
information,configureCertificateServices,backupandrestoreCAcomponents,and
verifycertificates,keypairs,andcertificatechains.
CES(PN)~AroleservicewithintheADCSserverrolethatenablesusersandcomputers
toenrollforandrenewcertificatesevenwhenthecomputerisnotamemberofadomain
orifadomain-joinedcomputeristemporarilyoutsidethesecurityboundaryofthe
computernetwork.
CFcard(n)~Amemorycardthatissupportedbymanytypesofdevices.Itislargerthan
asecuredigitalcard.
CGI(n)~Aserver-sideinterfaceforinitiatingsoftwareservices.Forexample,asetof
interfacesthatdescribehowaWebservercommunicateswithsoftwareonthesame
computer.AnysoftwarecanbeaCGIprogramifithandlesinputandoutputaccordingto
theCGIstandard.
cgi-bin(n)~AfiledirectorythatholdsexternalapplicationstobeexecutedbyHTTP
serversviaCGI.
CGMS-A(n)~Amethodforcontrollingthecopyingofbroadcastmediacontentthat
allowsonlyonegenerationofcopying.
CGU(n)~Thesmallestgroupofclassifiableassetsthatgeneratescashindependentlyof
otherassetswithinanorganization.Thesegroupsofassetsareusedtomeasure
impairmentlossesthatwillbeincurred.
CGUgroup(n)~Agroupofcash-generatingunits(CGUs)thatisusedtoallocatethenet
bookvalueofanassettoacash-generatingunitandtoallocatetheimpairmentlosses-to
fixedassets.
chain(n)~Therelationshipbetweenapplicationsandrelatedwebservicecallsassociated
withabusinesstransaction.Chainsarenotclient-sideorserver-sidespecific.
chainoftrust(n)~Asequenceofcertificates,whereeachcertificateinthesequenceis
signedbythesubsequentcertificate.Thelastcertificateinthechainisnormallyaself-
signedcertificate.
challenge(n)~Asecuritytaskthatausermustcompletetoverifytheyareahumanand
notamachine.
challengegroup(n)~Thegroupthatconsistsofrequests/connectionsawaiting
authentication.
ChallengeHandshakeAuthenticationProtocol(n)~Achallenge-response
authenticationprotocolforPoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)connectionsdescribedinRFC
1994.Itusestheindustry-standardMD5hashingalgorithmtohashthecombinationofa
challengestringissuedbytheauthenticatingserverandtheuser’spasswordinthe
response.
challengepassword(n)~Apasswordusedforcertificaterevokationaswellas
authenticationchallenge.
challenge/responseauthentication(n)~Asecuritymechanisminwhichaclient
computerusesitsestablisheduserlogoninformationtoidentifyitselftotheserver
computer.Theuserisnotpromptedtoentertheseusercredentials.Instead,the
informationisavailableaftertheuserfirstlogsontoaMicrosoft-®WindowsNT-®-based
computer.
Chambermusic(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#104.
ChampionofLogic(n)~SkilllevelinthePurblePlacegame.OnceaPurblePlacegame
iscompleted,aplayergetsaskilllevelrankassignedautomaticallybythegame(basedon
numberofguessesandhintsduringthegame).
change(v)~Tomodifythevalueofapropertyorattribute.
changeadvisoryboard(n)~Aformallyconstitutedgroupofpeoplerepresentingservice
deliveryandsupportfunctionsthatisresponsibleforassessing,planning,andauthorizing
changestotheITenvironment.
changeapplier(n)~Anobjectthatperformsconflictdetection,conflicthandling,and
changeapplicationforabatchofchanges.
changecontrol(n)~Principlesandprocessesthatfacilitatethemanagementofchange
withoutcompromisingthequalityorintegrityofanITprojectorsolution,through
structuredproceduresforsubmitting,approving,implementing,andreviewingchange
requests.
changecreator(n)~Theuserwhocreatesanewchangerequest.
ChangeFont(PN)~AbuttonthatopenstheChangeFontdialogbox,wheretheusercan
selectanewfont,style,size,andeffectsforinstantmessages.
changehint(n)~Averticalbarinthemarginofadocumentthatshowswherechanges
havebeentrackedanddisplaysthosechangeswhenclicked.
changehistory(n)~Inasharedfile,informationthatismaintainedaboutchangesmade
inpasteditingsessions.Theinformationincludesthenameofthepersonwhomadeeach
change,whenthechangewasmade,andwhatdatawaschanged.
changejournal(n)~AfeaturethattrackschangestoNTFSvolumes,includingadditions,
deletions,andmodifications.Thechangejournalexistsonthevolumeasasparsefile.
ChangeLevelofAccess(PN)~Contactcontextmenuitemthatallowstheusertoassign
anaccessleveltotheselectedcontact(s).
changelog(n)~Thelogwherethequorumresourcestoresdata.Thisdataismaintained
bytheclusteringsoftware.
changemanagement(n)~Thepracticeofadministeringchangeswiththehelpoftested
methodsandtechniquesinordertoavoidnewerrorsandminimizetheimpactofchanges.
changemanager(n)~Auserwhocoordinateschangerequests.Someofthetasksinclude
addingorremovingactivities,votingonbehalfofthechangeadvisoryboard,overriding
votes,orputtingchangerequestsonhold.
changemarker(n)~Aniconthatdesignatesachangemadebyareviewertoa
presentation.
ChangeMessageFont(oth)~AbuttonintheOptionsdialogbox,InstantMessagestab,
wheretheusercanchangethefontofthetextofinstantmessageconversations.
changepropagation(n)~Theprocessofapplyingchangesfromonereplicatoanother.
changerequest(n)~AmeansofproposingachangetoanycomponentofanIT
infrastructureoranyaspectofanITService.Itmaybeadocumentorrecordinwhichthe
natureanddetailsofandthejustificationandauthorizationfortheproposedchangeare
entered.
changescript(n)~AtextfilethatcontainsSQLstatementsforallchangesmadetoa
database,intheorderinwhichtheyweremade,duringaneditingsession.
ChangeSign-InAccount…(PN)~AnitemontheConnectmenuthatopenstheAccounts
taboftheOptionsdialogbox,wheretheusercanchangesign-innameandCommunicator
serverinformation.
ChangethetaskstatustoCompletedandclosetheform(oth)~Checkboxthat
indicatesiftheuserwantstohavethetaskmarkedascompletedafterithasbeen
convertedtoanopportunity.
changetypeattribute(n)~Anattributeapplicabletotextfileanddatabasemanagement
agentsthatdenotesthetypeofchange(thatis,add,modify,ordelete)tobemadetoa
connectorspaceobject.
changeunit(n)~Theminimalunitofchangetrackinginastore.Inchangepropagation,
onlytheunitsthatarechangedmustbesent;whereas,inconflictdetection,independent
changestothesameunitareconsideredaconflict.
changedlines(n)~Verticallinesappearingnexttotextthathasbeenadded,deleted,or
changedbyusingtrackedchanges.Youcanspecifythatchangedlinesappeartotheleftor
rightoftext.Youcanalsohidechangedlines.
ChangeEvent(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,aneventinwhichadesignated
conditionbecomestrue.AChangeEventisindicatedbythekeywordwhenfollowedbya
Booleanexpressioninparentheses,forexample:when(balance<0)
changeset(n)~Alogicalgroupingofchanges.Thepurposeofchangesetsistogroupall
ofthefileandworkitemupdatesthatgetdeliveredwithasinglecheck-inaction.
changesetID(n)~AnumericalIDthatisassignedtoaspecificchangeset.
changingdimension(n)~Adimensionthathasaflexiblememberstructure,andis
designedtosupportfrequentchangestostructureanddata.
channel(n)~Apaththroughwhichinformationpassesbetweentwocomputersordevices.
Itcanrefertothephysicalmedium(suchaswires)ortoasetofpropertiesthat
distinguishesonechannelfromanother.
Channel(PN)~Adrop-downlistfromwhichuserscanselectthemethodofdistribution
(foracampaignactivity),orthemethodofhowacustomer’scasewillbehandled(foran
entitlement).
channel(n)~Thedistributionmethodusedforacampaignactivityinamarketing
campaign.
channel(n)~Amediumfortransferringinformation.Dependingonitstype,a
communicationschannelcancarryinformation(data,sound,and/orvideo)ineitheranalog
ordigitalform.Acommunicationschannelcanbeaphysicallink,suchasthecable
connectingtwostationsinanetwork,oritcanconsistofsomeelectromagnetic
transmissionononeormorefrequencieswithinabandwidthintheelectromagnetic
spectrum,asinradioandtelevision,orinoptical,microwave,orvoice-grade
communication.
channel(n)~Apathenablingoneinboundoroutboundcall.Callingchannelsareameans
ofhavingconcurrentcallsonPBX.
channelagility(n)~Theswitchingoffrequencieswithinagivenbandwidthduringa
point-to-pointtransmission.
ChannelBank~Channelterminalequipmentusedforcombining(multiplexing)
channelsonafrequency-divisionortime-divisionbasis.
Chanson(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#102.
CHAP(n)~Achallenge-responseauthenticationprotocolforPoint-to-PointProtocol
(PPP)connectionsdescribedinRFC1994.Itusestheindustry-standardMD5hashing
algorithmtohashthecombinationofachallengestringissuedbytheauthenticatingserver
andtheuser’spasswordintheresponse.
chapter(n)~InaDVDoravideo,aportionofatitle,suchasasceneorsequence.Atitle
cancontainoneormorechapters.
chapter(n)~Anidentifierofagroupofdetailswithinarowset.
Chapter11(n)~AU.S.bankrupcystatutethatallowsadebtortocontinuetoowna
businessandcontrolitsoperationswhilereorganizingthebusinesstoachievesolvency.
chapterpoint(n)~Aninternalmarkerusedtomarkthebeginningandtheendofa
chaptertohelpnavigateDVDsorvideos.
char(PN)~Thedatatypethatholdsamaximumof8,000characters.
chardatatype(n)~Acharacterdatatypethatholdsamaximumof8,000characters.
character(n)~Aletter,number,punctuationmark,orothersymbol.
Character~Aletterofthealphabet,number,spaceorpunctuationmarkisacharacter.
charactercode(n)~Anumericvaluethatcorrespondstoaparticularcharacterinaset.
characterdata(n)~Allthetextualcontentofanelementorattributethatisnotmarkup.
XMLdifferentiatesthisplaintextfrombinarydata.IntheXMLOM,characterdatais
storedintextnodes,whichareimplementedasDOMtextobjects.
characterencoding(n)~Aone-to-onemappingbetweenasetofcharactersandasetof
numbers.
characterentity(n)~Acodethat’susedinHTMLtodescribesymbols,international
letters,andotherspecialcharacters.CharacterentitiesaremaintainedbytheInternational
StandardsOrganization(ISO).
characterformatting(n)~Formattingyoucanapplytoselectedtextcharacters.
charactermap(n)~Intext-basedcomputergraphics,ablockofmemoryaddressesthat
correspondtocharacterspacesonadisplayscreen.Thememoryallocatedtoeach
characterspaceisusedtoholdthedescriptionofthecharactertobedisplayedinthat
space.
CharacterMap(n)~AfeatureinWindowsthatmakesitpossibletousecharactersthat
arenotdisplayedonthekeyboard.
charactermode(n)~Adisplaymodeinwhichthemonitorcandisplayletters,numbers,
andothertextcharactersbutnographicalimagesorWYSIWYG(what-you-see-is-what-
you-get’)characterformatting(italics
characterpad(n)~ThepadinTabletPCInputPanelthatyoucanusetowriteone
character(suchasaletter,number,orsymbol)atatime.Eachcharacterisconvertedinto
typedtext.
characterset(n)~Agroupingofalphabetic,numeric,andothercharactersthathavesome
relationshipincommon.Forexample,thestandardASCIIcharactersetincludesletters,
numbers,symbols,andcontrolcodesthatmakeuptheASCIIcodingscheme.
characterspacing(n)~Thedistancebetweencharactersinalineoftext.Tracking,
kerning,andscalingcanbeusedtoadjustthespacebetweencharacters.
characterstring(n)~Asetofcharacterstreatedasaunitandinterpretedbyacomputeras
textratherthannumbers.Acharacterstringcancontainanysequenceofelementsfroma
givencharacterset,suchasletters,numbers,controlcharacters,andextendedASCII
characters.
characterstyle(n)~Acombinationofanyofthecharacterformattingoptionsidentified
byastylename.
characteristicdiagram(n)~Atypeofdiagramthatdocumentsallthefactorsthat
contributetooraffectagivensituation(allthecausesthatleadtoacertaineffect).
characterspersecond(n)~Ameasureoftherateatwhichadevice,suchasadiskdrive,
cantransferdata.Inserialcommunications,thespeedofamodeminbitspersecondcan
generallybedividedby10foraroughdeterminationofthenumberofcharactersper
secondtransmitted.
charge(n)~Theincidentalcostofproductacquisitionorproductdelivery.
chargecard(n)~Acreditcardissuedbybanks.Achargecardauthorizestheholderto
buygoodsorservicesoncredit.Paymentsreceivedfromchargecardsaretreatedas
accountsreceivableamountsbecausetheymustbesubmitedtocardcompaniesfor
reimbursement.
chargevariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenanexpectedchargeandanactualcharge.
chargeabletransaction(n)~Atransactionthatcanbeincludedonaninvoiceandcharged
toacustomer.
chargeback(n)~Thereturntoacustomer’saccountoffundsthatwereusedtopurchase
anitem.Thismayoccurasaresultofacustomer’scontactingabanktodisputeacredit-
cardtransaction.
charge-coupleddevice(n)~Adeviceinwhichindividualsemiconductorcomponentsare
connectedsothattheelectricalchargeattheoutputofonedeviceprovidestheinputtothe
next.
charger(n)~Adevice,connectedtoaUSBchargingcable,forchargingthephone
battery.
charm(n)~Aniconthatisattachedtoaneventandthatisviewableinsomeone’s
calendar.Dependingonthecalendarview,acharmmayappearnexttoaneventtitle,or
maybetheonlyvisualrepresentationofaneventonacalendarday.
charm(n)~Auserinterfaceelementsimilartoabuttonthatprovidesaccesstokey
Windowsfeatures,suchasStart,search,sharing,devices,andsettings.Charmsdifferfrom
buttonsinthattheyhaveextendedfunctionality,suchasflyoutmenusthatprovideaccess
toindividualorgroupedcommands.
chart(n)~Agraphicordiagramthatdisplaysdataortherelationshipsbetweensetsof
datainpictorialratherthannumericform.
chart(v)~Tomakeamaporchartof.
chart(n)~Acatalogofinformationforapps,games,moviesandTVshowsbasedon
dynamicinformationsuchasneworfastestrising,topfree,bestrated,andtoppaid.
chartarea(n)~Theentirechartandallitselements.
chartdataregion(n)~Areportitemonareportlayoutthatdisplaysdatainagraphical
format.
charteffectoption(n)~Ananimationenhancementthatletsyouapplyeffectstoachart
byseries,category,orelementinaseriesorcategory.
chartelement(n)~Oneofthedistinctpiecesthatmakeupachart,suchasatitle,axis,
legend,trendline,orerrorbar.
chartofaccounts(n)~Anaccountstructurewhosevalidvaluecombinationsare
constrainedbyintegrityconstraintsandaccountrules.
chartofaccounts(n)~Alistofmainaccounts.
chartsheet(n)~Asheetinaworkbookthatcontainsonlyachart.
chartstyle(n)~Apredefinedstylethatuserscanapplytotheirchartandthatisoptimized
forthecharttype.
ChartWebPart(PN)~AWebPartthatimplementsWebchartcontrolstovisually
displayinformationinavarietyofcharttypesinSharePoint.
Charts(n)~AcustomizableWebpartthatdisplayscharts.
chat(n)~Areal-timeconversationviacomputerusingshortinstantmessagesbetween
twoormoreparticipants.WhenaparticipanttypesalineoftextandthenpressestheEnter
key,thatparticipant’swordsappearonthescreensoftheotherparticipants,whocanthen
respondinkind.
chat(v)~Tocarryonareal-timeconversationwithotherusersbycomputerordevice.
ChatLink(n)~AwebaddressthatCustomerscanclicktoinitiateaChatRequest.
ChatQueue(n)~AcustomizedlistofChatRequestsbasedoncustomcriteria(seeChat
RoutingRules)inordertoorganizeChatRequestsbasedonissuetype,Product,orthe
skillbaseofyourSupportteams.
ChatRequest(n)~ArequestmadebyaCustomertoinitiateaChatSessionwithaCSR
throughaChatLinkontheSupportPortalorexternalwebsites,orusingaPersonalChat
LinkfromaCSR.
chatroom(n)~Adatacommunicationchannelthatlinkscomputersandallowsusersto
sendmessagestoeachotherinrealtime.Chatroomsareavailablethroughonlineservices
andsomeelectronicbulletinboardsystems.
ChatRoutingRule(n)~Acriteria-basedrulethatcanrouteChatRequeststothe
appropriateCSRorQueue,aswellastakedeflectiveactiononChatRequeststhatare
initiatedwhenyourCSRsareunavailableorbusy.
ChatSession(n)~Atext-basedsupportinteractionusingtheLiveChatsystembetweena
CustomerandaCSR.
ChatShortcut(n)~Amacrothatsubstitutesasetkeyphrasewithastringspecifiedby
theCSR.
Chattool(n)~Atoolthatparticipantscanusetocommunicateone-on-oneduringaLive
Meetingsession.
Chatroom~Awebsitewhereyoucanmeetandchatlive(viathekeyboard)withother
internetusers.Mostsuchwebsiteshavemultiple‘rooms’,eachdedicatedtoaparticular
topicortheme.
Chats(PN)~Alabelforatabthathasalistofconversationsforallmethods(modalities)
ofcommunication,suchasvoicecallorinstantmessage,forpastandpresent.
check(n)~Partofagroupofteststhatarerunagainstanapplication.
check(n)~Awrittenorderonabanktopayasumofmoneyfromfundsinanaccount.
Checksshowthenameofthecompanyorindividualreceivingpayment,thesignatureand
accountnumberofthepersonissuingthecheck,thepaymentamountandthecurrentdate.
Checksusuallyarenumberedinsequence.
check(n)~Abillofexchangedrawnonabank.
CheckActiveSLA(PN)~ABooleanfieldfortheConvertRuleentitythatshowswhether
acaseneedstobecreatedforacustomerwithanactiveservicelevelagreement(SLA).
checkbox(n)~Acontrolthatindicateswhetherornotanoptionisselected.Acheckmark
orx’appearsintheboxwhentheoptionisselected.’
checkcard(n)~Atypeofbankcardwheretheamountofpurchaseisimmediately
withdrawnfromtheuser’sbankaccount.
checkclause(n)~Codethatenforcesconstraintsonatableorcolumn.
CHECKconstraint(n)~Aconstraintthatallowsforbusinessrulesthatspanmultiple
tables.Forexample,theOrdertablecouldhaveaCHECKconstraintthatwouldprevent
ordersforacustomerfromexceedingacreditlimitdefinedforthecustomerinthe
Customertable.
checkdate(n)~Thedateonthecheck.
checkdigitcalculatorengine(n)~Anenginethatcalculatesapportionmentbasedon
checkdigits.
CheckIfResolved(PN)~ABooleanfieldfortheConvertRuleentitythatshowswhether
anitemrelatedtoaresolvedcaseneedstobeconvertedtoacase.
checkin(v)~Toplaceafileorprojectbackinasourcerepository.Thisreleasesthelock
foreditingandenablesotheruserstoviewtheupdatedfileorcheckoutthefile.
checkin(v)~Toindicatethatauserisinacertainplaceorlocation.Userscheckin’toa
physicalplacetosharetheirlocationwiththeirfriends.’
checkin(v)~Tosavethechangesinarunbooktothedatabase.
checkletter(n)~Apaymentletterthataccompaniesacheckandwhichliststhe
documentsthatarepaidbythecheck.UsedforFrenchcheckformat.
checklist(n)~Asetofstandardsthatadeliverableortaskshouldmeetoralistof
possibleerrors.
checkmark(n)~Asmallxorothersignthatappearsinthecheckboxiftheoption
representedbytheboxisselected.
CheckNames(v)~AbuttononthemessagetoolbarthatcomparesthenamesintheTo,
Cc,andBccboxesagainstthenamesintheAddressBookandagainstthosecontact
foldersthatyou’vespecifiedasOutlookAddressBooks.
checknumber(n)~Auniqueidentificationnumberthatisassignedtoacheck.
checkout(v)~Toretrieveawritablecopyofafileorprojectfromasourcerepository.
Thislocksthefileforeditingtopreventothersfromoverwritingoreditingitinadvertently.
checkout(v)~TofinalizeapurchaseonaWebsite.Forexample,whencustomersshop
onyourWebsite,theymayselectseveralitemsandsavethemintheirshoppingbasket.
Whentheyhavefinishedshopping,theyclickonacheckoutlinkorgraphicalbuttonthat
takesthemtoanonlineformwheretheyentertheirname,billingaddress,paymenttype,
andshippinginformation.
checkout(v)~Toalloweditstoarunbook.
checkregister(n)~Alistofalltransactionsforaspecificcheckbook.
checkedbuild(n)~Aversionoftheoperatingsystemthathasbeencompiledwithdebug
symbolsandbuiltwithspecialsupportfordebuggingcomponentsthatareunder
development.
checkerboardtest(n)~Amemorytestemployedtodetectcatastrophicfailuresand
wiringproblemswithinthememorychipandonthedatabusbywritinganalternating
patternof0’sand1’stothememorychip.
check-in(v)~Inasourcecontrolsystem,theactionofputtingthemodifiedsourcebackto
thesourcerepository.
check-innote(n)~Acommentassociatedwithachangesetthatisaddedduringthecheck-
inprocessbypromptingtheuserforspecificdata.
check-inpolicy(n)~Apolicythatprovidestheabilitytovalidatecompliancewith
organizationalrulesforateamproject.
check-intest(n)~Atestrunbyadevelopertodeterminewhetherhiscodehasaffected
thegeneralstabilityoftheproduct.
checklist(n)~Asetofstandardsthatadeliverableortaskshouldmeetoralistofpossible
errors.
checkmate(n)~Inchess,amovethatwinsthegamewherebytheopponent’skingcannot
escape.
checkout(n)~Theprocessoffinalizingapurchaseonawebsite.Forexample,when
customersshoponyourwebsite,theymayselectseveralitemsandsavethemintheir
shoppingbasket.Whentheyhavefinishedshopping,theyclickonacheckoutlinkor
graphicalbuttonthattakesthemtoanonlineformwheretheyentertheirname,billing
address,paymenttype,andshippinginformation.
Checkout(PN)~Thebuttonthatallowscustomerstofinalizetheirpurchaseonawebsite.
check-out(v)~Inasourcecontrolsystem,theactionofcopyingthesourcefilefromthe
repositorytoone’sownmachine(drive),possiblyforediting.
checkoutfolder(n)~FolderthatVisualSourceSafeExplorerreportsintheCheckOut
Foldercolumnofthefilepane.Thisfolderisnottheuser’sactualworkingfolder,whichis
displayedundertheToolbar.
checkpoint(n)~Inaserverclusternode`sregistry,asnapshotoftheClustersubkeyorof
anapplicationsubkey.Thecheckpointiswrittentothequorumdiskwhencertainevents
takeplace,suchasanodefailure.
checkpoint(n)~Acommonpointofentryforspywareguardedbyanagent.Examplesof
checkpointsincludeStartupFolder,dialupconnections,Wi-Ficonnections,InternetSafe
Sites,WinsockLayeredServiceProviders,WindowsMessengerService,andSPAM
Zombieprevention.
checkpoint(n)~Apoint-in-timesnapshotofavirtualmachinethatenablesan
administratortorollthevirtualmachinebacktoitsstateatthemomentwhenthe
checkpointwascreated.
checkpoint(n)~AneventinwhichtheDatabaseEnginewritesdirtybufferpagestodisk.
Eachcheckpointwritestodiskallthepagesthatweredirtyatthelastcheckpointandstill
havenotbeenwrittentodisk.
checksum(n)~Acalculatedvaluethatisusedtotestdataforthepresenceoferrorsthat
canoccurwhendataistransmittedorwhenitiswrittentodisk.Thechecksumis
calculatedforagivenchunkofdatabysequentiallycombiningallthebytesofdatawitha
seriesofarithmeticorlogicaloperations.Afterthedataistransmittedorstored,anew
checksumiscalculatedinthesamewayusingthe(possiblyfaulty)transmittedorstored
data.Ifthetwochecksumsdonotmatch,anerrorhasoccurred,andthedatashouldbe
transmittedorstoredagain.Checksumscannotdetectallerrors,andtheycannotbeusedto
correcterroneousdata.
cheque(n)~Awrittenorderonabanktopayasumofmoneyfromfundsinanaccount.
Checksshowthenameofthecompanyorindividualreceivingpayment,thesignatureand
accountnumberofthepersonissuingthecheck,thepaymentamountandthecurrentdate.
Checksusuallyarenumberedinsequence.
ChessTitans(n)~A3-DchessgamethatispartofWindowsVistaoperatingsystem.
chevron(n)~Thedoubleanglebracketdenotinganoverflowbuttoncontrol.
ChevronList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionthrough
severalprocessesthatmakeupanoverallworkflow.Alsoworksforillustrating
contrastingprocesses.TheLevel1textcorrespondstothefirstarrowshapeontheleft,
whiletheLevel2textcorrespondstohorizontalsub-stepsforeachshapethatcontains
Level1text.
CHF(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofSwitzerland.
child(n)~Inatreestructure,therelationshipofanodetoitsimmediatepredecessor.
child(n)~Inatreestructure,anelementthatiscontainedbyaparentelement.A
subordinateelement.
child(n)~Anaccountholderwhoisafamilymember,butnotaparent,andwhohas
limiteduseoftheInternet.Childrencanviewtheirownsettings,buttheycan’tchange
them.
childaccount(n)~Anaccountoptimizedforchildrenthatparentscancontroland
customize.
childappcontainer(n)~Anappcontainerthatplacesadditionalrestrictionsonwhatan
appcandobasedonitsparentappcontainer.
childbreakpoint(n)~Abreakpointcreatedbythedebuggerbasedonabreakpointsetby
auser.
childbusinessunit(n)~Abusinessunitthatisimmediatelyunderanotherbusinessunit
inthebusinesshierarchyofanorganization.
childcategory(n)~Anentityusedincatalogstogroupasetofproductstogetherina
hierarchy.Achildcategoryisasubordinateofaparentcategory.Forexample,Musicisa
parentcategory,andRock,Country,andClassicalarechildcategories.Youcreateparent
andchildcategoriestoorganizetheproductsdisplayedonyoursite.
childdomain(n)~ADNSdomainlocateddirectlybeneathanotherdomainname(the
parentdomain)inthenamespacetree.Forexample,example.microsoft.com’wouldbea
subdomainofthedomain‘microsoft.com’.’
childelement(n)~Inatreestructure,anelementthatiscontainedbyaparentelement.A
subordinateelement.
childhostgroup(n)~Ahostgroupcontainedwithinanotherhostgroup,whichcan
inherithostreservesettingsandvirtualmachinepermissionsfromitsparenthostgroup.
Allhostgroupsarechildhostgroupsoftheroothostgroup,whichisnamedAllHostsby
default.
childmenu(n)~Atypeofdrop-downmenuthatappearswhenauserpointstoa
commandonahigher-levelmenu.
childmodelsite(n)~Amodelsitethatissubordinatetoarootmodelsiteandisusedto
organizedatainanapplication.
childnode(n)~Asubordinatenode.
childobject(n)~Anobjectthatresidesinanotherobject.Achildobjectimpliesrelation.
Forexample,afileisachildobjectthatresidesinafolder,whichistheparentobject.
childprocess(n)~Aprocessinitiatedbyanotherprocess(theparent).Thisinitiating
actionisfrequentlycalledafork.Theparentprocessoftensleeps(issuspended)untilthe
childprocessstopsexecuting.
childrecord(n)~Aworkitemthatissubordinatetoaparent.
childsite(n)~Asitethatisthesubordinateofanothersiteinahierarchy.Anysite,except
thecentralsite,isachildsiteofanothersite.Asitecanbebothachildsiteandaparent
site.
childtable(n)~Atablethatassumesachildrolewhenitparticipatesinanintegrity
relationshipwithanothertableandwhoseforeignkeyattributevaluesaremigratedfrom
thetableassumingtheparentroleintherelationship.
ChildTicket(n)~ATicketthatislinkedtoarelated(Parent)Ticket.ChildTicketsare
associatedtoaParentTicketthatdealswiththeissue(s)thatcausetheissuesoftheChild
Tickets.MultipleChildTicketscanhavethesameParentTicket,butaChildTicketcannot
havemultipleParentTickets.
childwindow(n)~AdocumentwindowusedwithinanMDIwindow.
childwindow(n)~Awindowthathasaparent.IthastheWS_CHILDstyleandis
confinedtotheclientareaofitsparentwindow.
childworkflow(n)~Aworkflowinstancethatisgeneratedbyaparentworkflowinstance.
child-friendlysite(n)~Awebsitewhosecontentisunderstandableandusablebykidsand
thatisappropriateforthem.Thelanguageistypicallyaimedatagrade-schoolreading
level,andtheconceptspresentedareaccessibletoyoungerminds.
child-friendlywebsite(n)~Awebsitewhosecontentisunderstandableandusablebykids
andthatisappropriateforthem.Thelanguageistypicallyaimedatagrade-schoolreading
level,andtheconceptspresentedareaccessibletoyoungerminds.
chimney(n)~Acollectionofoffloadedprotocolstateobjectsandthesemanticsassociated
withthem.
ChineseConversionadd-in(PN)~ACOMadd-inthatenablesconversionbetween
Chinese(Traditional)andChinese(Simplified).
chip(n)~Adeviceconsistingofanumberofconnectedcircuitelements,suchas
transistorsandresistors,fabricatedonasmallrectangle(adie’)cutfromasilicon(or
Chip~Asiliconwaferwithmillionsoftinycircuitsengravedonit-whatcomputersare
madeof..
chip~aminiaturizedelectroniccircuitthathasbeenmanufacturedinthesurfaceofathin
substrateofsemiconductormaterial
chipset(n)~Acollectionofchipsdesignedtofunctionasaunitintheperformanceof
somecommontask.Thetermismostcommonlyusedtorefertothesetofintegrated
circuits,suchastheprogrammableinterruptcontroller,thatsupportaCPUtogetherwith
theCPUitself.Oftenachipsetwillfitononechip.
chip-on-board(n)~Amanufacturingtechnologythatmountsanintegratedcircuitdie
directlytoacircuitboard.Thedieiselectricallyconnectedtothecircuitboardusingwire
bonding,andisthencoveredwithaprotectiveepoxycover.
chitchat(n)~?Acategoryofresponsestoconversationalorfunquestions.
ChocolateBatterButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallows
theplayertoselectchocolatebatterfortheircake.
ChocolateIcingButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectachocolateicingfortheircake.
choicegroup(n)~Acontrolthatisusedtopresentasetofmutuallyexclusivechoices.By
default,achoicegroupcontainstwochoicesections,oneofwhichappearstotheuseras
thedefaultchoiceintheform.
choicepoint(n)~Thepointatwhichtransitionssplitintomultiple,mutuallyexclusive
branches,eachterminatingatadifferentdestinationstate.Oneofthebranchesmustbea
defaultbranch.
choke(n)~Asmalloverlapthatdecreasestheknockoutoftheloweroftwodifferently
colored,abuttingobjects.
cholesterolprofile(n)~Apatternoflipidsintheblood.Itusuallyincludesthelevelsof
totalcholesterol,high-densitylipoprotein(HDL)cholesterol,triglycerides,andthe
calculatedlow-densitylipoprotein(LDL)‘cholesterol.
choose(v)~Topickacommandoranoptionfromwithinagraphicaluserinterface,asby
clickingabuttoninadialogboxorpullingdownamenuandthenreleasingthemouse
buttonononeofitsoptions.
Chooser(n)~TheMacintoshdeskaccessorywithwhichusersselectthenetworkserver
andprinterstheywanttouse.
chord(n)~Topressmorethanonemouseorkeyboardbuttonatthesametime.
Chorus(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#97.
Christiangangstarap(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenre
classificationinWindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatfor
MP3audiofiles.WinampgenreID#136.
ChristianRap(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#61.
ChristianReligiousHolidays(PN)~ThelistiteminOutlookthatallowsuserstoadd
standardChristianholidaystotheircalendar.
ChristianRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#141.
chrome(n)~ThecommonuserinterfaceelementsrenderedaroundeachWebPartspart
controlwithinagivenzone.Thechromeforapartcontrolincludesaborder,atitlebar,
andtheicons,titletext,andverbsmenuthatappearwithinthetitlebar.Theappearanceof
thechromeissetatthezonelevelandappliestoallpartcontrolsinazone.Therendering
ofchromeandofindividualSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPartcontrolsis
handledbytheSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPartChromeclass.
Chrome~Apopularinternet-browser,freefromtheGoogleCorporation.
Chrome~apowerfulGooglebrowserthatloadsWebpagesquicklyand
accurately.www.google.com/chrome
chromecontrol(n)~AnHTMLandJavaScriptbasedcontrolthatrendersthetopchrome,
whichisavailabletouseinappsforSharePoint.
chroniccondition(n)~Adiseasethatispersistentinitseffects.
chronicle(n)~Atablethatstoresstateinformationforasingleapplication.Anexampleis
aneventchronicle,whichcanstoreeventdataforusewithscheduledsubscriptions.
cHTML(n)~Amarkuplanguageusedonsomecellphones.cHTMLisasubsetofHTML
withadditionaltagstoenhancemobilefunctionality.
chunk(n)~Aspecifiedamountofdata.
chunk(n)~Aconcretesequenceofmediasamplesofatrackthatcorrespondtoa
particularintervalinanIISSmoothStreamingpresentation.
chunkcontainer(n)~Acontainerinwhichchunksofdataarestoredandwhichisthen
compressedforfurtherspaceoptimizationduringdeduplication.
chunkstorecontainer(n)~Acontainerinwhichchunksofdataarestoredandwhichis
thencompressedforfurtherspaceoptimizationduringdeduplication.
chunkedfile(n)~Theprocessofoutputtingastreamasanumberofdiscretefilechunks
ratherthanasinglecontiguousfile.-
CIDR(n)~AnIPaddressandroutingmanagementmethodthatallocatesIPaddressesina
waythatreducesthenumberofroutesstoredonanyindividualrouter,whilealso
increasingthenumberofavailableIPaddresses.CIDRreplacesclass-basedIPaddress
allocation.
CIF(n)~Avideoformatthathas352pixelsby288linesand30fps.
CIL(n)~Alanguageusedastheoutputofanumberofcompilersandastheinputtoa
just-in-time(JIT)compiler.ThecommonlanguageruntimeincludesaJITcompilerfor
convertingthelanguagetonativecode.
CIM(n)~Themodelthatdescribeshowtorepresentreal-worldmanagedobjects.CIM
usesanobject-orientedparadigm,wheremanagedobjectsaremodeledusingtheconcepts
ofclassesandinstances.TheCIMisdividedintothemetamodelandthestandardschema.
Themetamodeldescribeswhattypesofentitiesmakeuptheschema.Italsodefineshow
theseentitiescanbecombinedintoobjectsthatrepresentreal-worlddevices.
CIMObjectManager(PN)~AcomponentintheWindowsManagementInstrumentation
(WMI)infrastructurethathandlestheinteractionbetweenmanagementapplicationsand
providers.TheCIMObjectManagersupportsservicessuchaseventnotification,remote
access,andqueryprocessing.TheCIMObjectManageralsograntsaccesstotheWMI
repository.
CIMObjectManagerrepository(n)~Acentralstoragearea,managedbytheCIM
ObjectManager,wheredefinedobjects,suchasstaticclassdefinitionsandinstancesthat
areusedtoaccessandmanipulatesystemmanagementinformation,arestored.
CIMrepository(n)~Acentralstoragearea,managedbytheCIMObjectManager,where
definedobjects,suchasstaticclassdefinitionsandinstancesthatareusedtoaccessand
manipulatesystemmanagementinformation,arestored.
CIMschema(n)~Acollectionofclassdefinitionsusedtorepresentmanagedobjectsthat
occurineverymanagementenvironment.
cipher(n)~Theparticularalgorithmusedtotransformareadablemessage(called
plaintextorcleartext)intoanunreadable,scrambled,orhiddenmessage(called
ciphertext).
cipher~Acryptographic-algorithm-usedtoencryptdatathatisunreadableuntil
convertedintoplaindatawithapredefinedkey.
ciphermode(n)~Themethodusedtoencryptdata.Thestreamciphermodeencodesdata
onebitatatime.Theblockciphermodeencodesdataoneblockatatime.Althoughit
tendstoexecutemoreslowlythanstreamcipher,blockcipherismoresecure.
ciphertext(n)~Datathathasbeenencrypted.
Circular(adj)~Anodeplacementstylethatspecifiesthatthenodesarecircularinrelation
totheMOMManagementServer.
CircularBendingProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowalongornon-
linearsequenceorstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
Maximizesbothhorizontalandverticaldisplayspaceforshapes.
circulardependency(n)~Thestatewhenitemsdependuponeachotherinsuchaway
thatthesetofalldependenciesformsacircle.
circularreference(n)~Asituationinwhichoneobjectrefersbacktoitself,eitherdirectly
orindirectly.
circulatingcard(n)~Areusablecardthatsignalsprocessandtransferactivitiesas
it-circulates-betweenthematerial’spointoforiginand-pointofconsumption.
circulation(n)~AnitemthatiscommunicatedtoteammembersonaGroupWorkSite,
andthatsupportsconfirmationandtrackingofwhichteammembershaveviewedit.
CISC(n)~Theimplementationofcomplexinstructionsinamicroprocessordesignsothat
theycanbeinvokedattheassemblylanguagelevel.Theinstructionscanbevery
powerful,allowingforcomplicatedandflexiblewaysofcalculatingsuchelementsas
memoryaddresses.Allthiscomplexity,however,usuallyrequiresmanyclockcyclesto
executeeachinstruction.
citation(n)~Areferencetoaspecificlegalcase,statute,orotherlegaldocument.
Cityguides(PN)~TheTravelsubcategorycontainingappsprovidingcurrentinformation
aboutacity,includingsightseeing,museums,dining,etc.
CJKStrokes(n)~AsetofindividualstrokesintheUnicodeStandardusedtocompose
Chinese/Japanese/Korean(CJK)ideographs.
CLABE(PN)~Aseriesof18digitsusedtoidentifybankaccountsandtheirholdersin
Mexicoandusedtorouteelectronicfundstransfers.
claim(n)~Astatementthataservermakes(forexample,name,identity,key,group,
privilege,orcapability)aboutaclient.
claimmapping(n)~Theactofmapping,removingorfiltering,orpassingclaimsbetween
variousclaimsets.
claimsidentity(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatrepresentsaspecificuser,application,
computer,orotherentity,enablingittogainaccesstomultipleresources,suchas
applicationsandnetworkresources,withoutenteringcredentialsmultipletimes.Italso
enablesresourcestovalidaterequestsfromanentity.
claimsprovider(n)~Asoftwarecomponentorservicethatcanbeusedtoissueaclaim
duringsign-inoperationsandtodisplay,resolve,andprovidesearchcapabilitiesfor
claimsinacardselector.
claims-basedapplication(n)~AMicrosoftASP.NETapplicationthatperforms
authorizationbasedontheclaimsthatarepresentinanActiveDirectoryFederation
Services(ADFS)securitytoken.
claims-basedauthentication(n)~Theprocessofauthenticatingauserbasedonasetof
claimsabouttheuser’sidentitycontainedinatrustedtoken.Thistokenisoftenissuedand
signedbyanentitythatisabletoauthenticatetheuserbyothermeans,andthatistrusted
bytheentitydoingtheclaims-basedauthentication.
claims-basedidentity(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatrepresentsaspecificuser,application,
computer,orotherentity,enablingittogainaccesstomultipleresources,suchas
applicationsandnetworkresources,withoutenteringcredentialsmultipletimes.Italso
enablesresourcestovalidaterequestsfromanentity.
class(n)~Anindividualtrainingsessiononasubject.
class(n)~Anameddescriptorforasetofobjectsthatsharethesameattributes,
operations,methods,relationships,andbehaviors.
class(n)~Acategoryofobjectsthatshareacommonsetofcharacteristics.
class(n)~Asetofobjectsthatshareacommondefinitionalproperty,thatsharecommon
operationsandbehavior,orboth.
ClassAIPaddress(n)~AunicastIPaddressthatrangesfrom1.0.0.1through
127.255.255.254.Thefirstoctetindicatesthenetwork,andthelastthreeoctetsindicate
thehostonthenetwork.Class-basedIPaddressinghasbeensupercededbyClassless
InterdomainRouting(CIDR).
ClassBIPaddress(n)~AunicastIPaddressthatrangesfrom128.0.0.1through
191.255.255.254.Thefirsttwooctetsindicatethenetwork,andthelasttwooctetsindicate
thehostonthenetwork.Class-basedIPaddressinghasbeensupercededbyClassless
InterdomainRouting(CIDR).
ClassCIPaddress(n)~AunicastIPaddressthatrangesfrom192.0.0.1to
223.255.255.254.Thefirstthreeoctetsindicatethenetwork,andthelastoctetindicates
thehostonthenetwork.NetworkLoadBalancingprovidesoptionalsessionsupportfor
ClassCIPaddresses(inadditiontosupportforsingleIPaddresses)toaccommodate
clientsthatmakeuseofmultipleproxyserversattheclientsite.Class-basedIPaddressing
hasbeensupercededbyClasslessInterdomainRouting(CIDR).
classcoupling(n)~Thedegreeofcouplingtouniqueclassesthroughparameters,local
variables,returntypes,methodcalls,genericortemplateinstantiations,baseclasses,
interfaceimplementations,fieldsdefinedonexternaltypes,andattributedecoration.
ClassDesigner(n)~Afully-functional,visualdesignenvironmentfortheCommon
LanguageRuntime.
ClassDetailsWindow(n)~AwindowinVisualStudioClassDesignerthatyoucanuse
toconfigurethemembersofatype.Bydefault,theClassDetailsWindowappears
automaticallywhenyouopenanewclassdiagram.
classdiagram(n)~Avisualandstaticrepresentationofclassesandtherelationships
betweenthem.
classdriver(n)~Anintermediatedriverthatprovidesasimpleinterfacebetweena
minidriverandtheoperatingsystem.
classfactory(n)~AnobjectthatimplementstheIClassFactoryinterface,whichenablesit
tocreateobjectsofaspecificclass.
ClassFinder(PN)~Atoolthatallowspartnersfindonlineandin-personeducational
opportunitiestocontinuetheirskilldevelopment.
classID(n)~Auniversallyuniqueidentifier(UUID)thatidentifiesaCOMcomponent.
EachCOMcomponenthasitsCLSIDintheWindowsregistrysothatitcanbeloadedby
otherapplications.
ClassIDextension(n)~AnextendedHTMLelementthatisusedtodescribetheclassof
aviewableordownloadabledocument.Itcanbemisusedtopassdangerousattachments;
EHSallowsuserstoblockthistag.
classidentifier(n)~Auniversallyuniqueidentifier(UUID)thatidentifiesaCOM
component.EachCOMcomponenthasitsCLSIDintheWindowsregistrysothatitcan
beloadedbyotherapplications.
classkey(n)~Thesubsetofdatamembersofaclasswhosevaluesuniquelyidentifyan
instanceoftheclass.
classkeymember(n)~Oneofthemembersofamulti-valuedclasskey.
classlibrary(n)~Alibraryofclasses,interfaces,andvaluetypesthatareincludedin
.NETFramework.Thislibraryprovidesaccesstosystemfunctionalityandisdesignedto
bethefoundationonwhich.NETFrameworkapplications,components,andcontrolsare
built.
classmaterials(n)~Contentandresourcesthataremadeavailableaspartofaclassand
thatcanbeassociatedwithindividuallessonsorassignments.
classmemberrelation(n)~Anassociationbetweenspecificdatamembersofthetwo
classesinaclassrelation.
classmeta-data(n)~Aconceptualmodelthatdescribestheattributesthatmustbe
specifiedtocreateaclassintheDataWarehouselogicalschema.
classmodule(n)~Amodulethatcancontainthedefinitionforanewobject.Each
instanceofaclasscreatesanewobject.Proceduresdefinedinthemodulebecome
propertiesandmethodsoftheobject.
classname(n)~Thenameusedtorefertoaclassmodule.Iftheclassmoduleisaformor
reportmodule,theclassnameisprefacedwiththetypeofmodule.Forexample,theclass
nameforamoduleassociatedwithaformcalledOrderFormwouldbeForm_OrderForm,
whileoneassociatedwithareportcalledOrderReportwouldbeReport_OrderReport.
classname(n)~ApredefinednameusedtorefertoanOLEobjectinVisualBasic.A
classnameconsistsofthenameoftheapplicationusedtocreatetheOLEobject,the
object’stype,and,optionally,theversionnumberoftheapplication.
classprovider(n)~ACOMserverthatsuppliesclassdefinitions.Classproviderscan
supportdataretrieval,modification,deletion,enumeration,andqueryprocessing.
classrelation(n)~Aconnectionbetweentwoclassesinaparent-childrelationship.The
relationdefinesthenumberofinstancesofeachclass.
ClassSchedule(PN)~Aviewinwhichyoucanorganizeclassmaterialsintoassignments
andlessons.
classselector(n)~Incascadingstylesheets,anameidentifyingauser-definedstyle.
Dependingonhowit’sdefined,aclassselectorcanbeusedwithasingletypeoftagor
withanyHTMLtaginsidetheBODYelement.
ClassView(n)~Awindowthatdisplaysthesymbolsdefined,referenced,orcalledinthe
applicationyouaredeveloping.
Classicmode(n)~Acompatibilitymodeformanagedcontent.Whenanapplicationpool
isconfiguredtouseclassicmode,IISprocessesrequestsformanagedresourcesbyusing
separateIISandASP.NETrequest-processingpipelines.
classicmode(n)~AvieworappearanceofaformthatwasusedinCRM2011andearlier
versions.
ClassicRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#1.
classicversion(n)~Theversionthatusescheckboxesanddoesnotincludeareading
pane.Itisrecommnededforuserswithaslowinternetconnection.
Classicview(n)~AdisplayoptionoftheWindowsControlPanelthatmakesitlookand
worklikeitdidinpreviousversions.
classicview(n)~ASharePointviewthatrendersinHTMLformat,orasimilarmarkup
languagesuchasCHTMLorWML,andprovidesbackwardcompatibilityformobile
browsersthatcannotsupportthecontemporaryview.
ClassicWindowsapplication(n)~?Anapplicationthatisbuiltusingthetraditional
Win32appmodel,typicallymakesuseoftheCOMor.NETruntime,andrunsonlyonthe
desktopofWindows.
ClassicWindowsPlatform(PN)~?ThetraditionalWindowsplatformthatincludes
Win32,.NET,andCOM.
ClassicWorkspace(PN)~Anenhancedversionoftheoriginalpeer-to-peerworkspacein
Groove.ItoffersusersamorefamiliaralternativetothenewerSharePointWorkspace.
Classical(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#32.
classics(PN)~Agamecategorythatdrawsinspirationfromclassicarcadeexperiences.
classification(n)~ThetypeofupdatesthatSCEdownloadsfromMicrosoftUpdate
duringsynchronization.
classification(n)~Theplacementofanincidentintoahierarchyofdescriptorsthat
indicatewhattheincidentisgenerallyabout.Forexample,anincidentcouldbeclassified
asbeingrelatedtosoftware,andthentoMicrosoft,andthentoWord2003.
classification(n)~Asystematicorganizationofclasses.
classificationmatrix(n)~Achartthatshowstheaccuracyofadataminingmodelor
otherstatisticalanalysisbyseparatelycountingcasesthatwerecorrectlyandincorrectly
classified.
classifier(n)~Asuperclassthatincludesclass,datatype,andinterfacesubclasses.
Becauseallclassifiersubclassessharethesamesyntax,theyareallrepresentedbythe
samerectanglemodelelement.
ClassifierRole(n)~Atypeofcollaborationrolethatisaslotforanobjectina
collaboration.Itisrepresentedbytheclassrectanglesymbolwithonlythename
compartmentshowing.
ClasslessInterdomainRouting(n)~AnIPaddressandroutingmanagementmethodthat
allocatesIPaddressesinawaythatreducesthenumberofroutesstoredonanyindividual
router,whilealsoincreasingthenumberofavailableIPaddresses.CIDRreplacesclass-
basedIPaddressallocation.
class-likeinterface(n)~InaUMLStaticStructureorUMLComponentdiagram,oneof
twotypesofinterfacesthatcanbeconnectedtoclassorcomponentshapesandhasabox
shape.
clause(n)~InTransact-SQL,asubunitofanSQLstatement.Aclausebeginswitha
keyword.
cleaninstallation(n)~TheprocessofinstallingWindowsontoabare-metalsystemor
overwritinganexistingoperatingsysteminstallation.Cleaninstallationsdonotmigrate
datafrompreviousinstallations.
cleanshutdown(n)~Asystemshutdownthatoccurswithouterrors.
cleansystem(n)~AninstallationofWindowsthathasnotbeenmodifiedandhasnothad
anyadditionalsoftwareinstalledonit.
CleanUp(PN)~Anactionthatremovesredundantmessagesfromane-mailconversation
toreduceinformationoverloadandimprovereadability.
cleaningtape(n)~Atapeusedtocleanheadsonatapedrive.
clear(v)~Toturnasettingoffortoremoveavalue.
clear(v)~Tocollectthefundsforacheckandpaythemtothecheckholder.Whena
checkclears,themoneyhasbeenwithdrawnfromthebankaccountandpaidtothe
recipient.
clear(v)~WhenWindowsDiskProtectionisenabled,toeraseoremptythecachefileon
theharddiskwhenauserlogsofforthecomputerisrestarted.
ClearAnnotations(v)~AUIelementthatallowsapresentertoremoveallannotationsin
apresentationoronaspecificslide.
clearchannel~Achannelthatusesout-of-bandsignaling(asopposedtoin-band
signaling),sothechannel’sentirebitrateisavailable.
ClearGroup(v)~Anitemonthegroupcontextmenuinthecontactlistthatremovesall
membersoftheRecentContactsgroup.
clearkey(n)~Thekeythatisstoredunencryptedonthediskvolume.Thiskeyisusedto
freelyaccessthevolumemasterkey,andinturn,thefullvolumeencryptionkeywhen
BitLockerDriveEncryptionprotectionisdisabledbutthediskvolumeremainsencrypted.
ClearNote(oth)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthatdeletestheuser’scurrent
statusnote.
ClearRecordings(v)~Anoptionthatremovesnarrationsandlaserpointergesturesor
timingsfromapresentationorfromaspecificslide.
clearregistrationattribute(n)~Anattributethatclearstheregistrationthatisassociated
withaparticularauthenticationworkflow.Forexample,inaQuestionandAnswer
Challenge,answersarestoredinILM-€œ2-€?intheformofregistrationdata.Whenthe
clearregistrationboxischeckedandaworkflowissaved,theregistrationdataisdeleted,
requiringuserstore-register.
ClearToSend(n)~Acontrolpacketthatadestinationstationsendstoindicateits
readinesstoreceivedata.Adestinationstationrespondstoarequesttosend(RTS)by
transmittingaCTS.
clearinghouse(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerdeploymentthatisconfiguredto
relaytrafficbetweendifferentcustomerdomains.
cleartext(n)~Datainitsunencryptedordecryptedform.
clear-textpassword(n)~Apasswordthatisnotscrambled,thusmakingitmore
susceptibletonetworksniffers.
ClearType(PN)~Afontdisplaytechnologythatdramaticallyimprovesfontdisplay
resolutionsothatlettersonthecomputerscreenappearsmooth,notjagged.ClearType
dramaticallyimprovesthereadabilityoftextoncolorLCDmonitorswithadigital
interface,suchasthosefoundinlaptopsandhigh-qualityflat-paneldesktopdisplays.
ClearTypeTextTuner(PN)~Aprogramthathelpsmakethetextonyourscreeneasierto
readforlongperiodsoftime.
CLFS(PN)~Ageneral-purposeloggingservicethatcanbeusedbysoftwareclients
runninginuser-modeorkernel-mode.
CLI(n)~TheinterfacesupportedbyODBCforusebyanapplication.
CLI(n)~Aformofinterfacebetweentheoperatingsystemandtheuserinwhichtheuser
typescommands,usingaspecialcommandlanguage.Althoughsystemswithcommand-
lineinterfacesareusuallyconsideredmoredifficulttolearnandusethanthosewith
graphicalinterfaces,command-basedsystemsareusuallyprogrammable;thisgivesthem
flexibilityunavailableingraphics-basedsystemsthatdonothaveaprogramming
interface.
CLI(PN)~Aspecificationdescribinghowapplicationswritteninmultiplehigh-level
languagesmaybeexecutedindifferentsystemenvironmentswithouttheneedtorewrite
theapplicationstotakeintoconsiderationtheuniquecharacteristicsofthose
environments.
click(v)~Topressandreleaseamousebuttononcewithoutmovingthemouse.Clicking
isusuallyperformedtoselectordeselectanitemortoactivateaprogramorprogram
feature.
ClickandTypepointershape(n)~Avisualcuetoindicatewhichformattingwillbe
appliedwhenyoudouble-click:aleft-aligned,centered,orright-alignedtabstop;aleft
indent;orleftorrighttextwrapping.
clickdistance(n)~Thenumberoflinksbetweenacontentitemandanauthoritativepage
linkingtothecontentitem.
clickfrequency(n)~Thenumberofclicksdividedbythereachofclicks.
clicktocall(n)~Thefeaturewithwhichamobilephoneusercanplaceavoicecallby
clickingacontact’ssinglephonenumberorSessionInitiationProtocol(SIP)URI.
clickablemap(n)~AnimagethatcontainsmorethanonehyperlinkonaWebpage.
Clickingdifferentpartsoftheimagelinkstheusertootherresourcesonanotherpartofthe
WebpageoradifferentWebpageorinafile.
click-distance(n)~Thenumberoflinksbetweenacontentitemandanauthoritativepage
linkingtothecontentitem.
Clicker(PN)~APowerPointadd-inthatallowsyourmobiledevicetobeusedtonavigate
throughaPowerPointpresentationonyourcomputer.
ClickOnce(PN)~AMicrosoft-developedtechnologythatreducesthecomplexityof
multipleapplications’deployment,launching,andupdatingprocesses.
clicksconversion(n)~Thecompletionofanonlinetransactionbyavisitorwhowasnot
redirectedtothesitefromanadvertisement.ThevisitormayhavetypedtheURLdirectly,
orsearchedandclickedonaresult.
clickstreamanalysis(n)~Clickstreamdataareinformationthatusersgenerateasthey
movefrompagetopageandclickonitemswithinaWebsite,usuallystoredinlogfiles.
Websitedesignerscanuseclickstreamdatatoimproveusers’experienceswithasite.
clickthrough(n)~AtypeofadclickthatfollowsahyperlinktoanotherWebsite,ora
pageorframewithintheinitialWebsite.
clickthroughreport(n)~Areportthatdisplaysrelatedreportmodeldatawhenyouclick
datawithinarenderedReportBuilderreport.
Click-to-Run(n)~AstreamingtechnologythatquicklyinstallisOfficeovertheInternet,
internalnetworks,localfilesystems,orfromofflinemedia.
client(n)~Acomputer,deviceorprogramthatconnectstoorrequeststheservicesof
anothercomputer,deviceorprogram.
client(n)~Inobject-orientedprogramming,amemberofaclass(group)thatusesthe
servicesofanotherclasstowhichitisnotrelated.
client(n)~Aprocess,suchasaprogramortask,thatrequestsaserviceprovidedby
anotherprogram—forexample,awordprocessorthatcallsonasortroutinebuiltinto
anotherprogram.Theclientprocessusestherequestedservicewithouthavingtoknow’
anyworkingdetailsabouttheotherprogramortheserviceitself.’
client(n)~AcomputerrunningSMSclientcomponents.Aclientcanbefurther
categorizedaseitheraLegacyClientoranAdvancedClient.
client(n)~Aservice,application,ordevicethatwantstointegrateintotheMicrosoftSync
Frameworkarchitecture.
clientaccess(n)~Theabilityofclientcomputerstoconnecttoaserverorresource,for
example,afileonaserveroraclusterresource.
clientaccesspoint(n)~InSMS2003andearlierreleases,anSMSsitesystemthat
providesacommunicationpointbetweentheSMSsiteserverandLegacyClient
computers.LegacyClientsdelivertheircollectedfiles,inventoryinformation,discovery
datarecords,softwaremeteringdata,andstatusinformationtoCAPs.
ClientAccessRule(PN)~Logicalrulescomposedofpredicatesandactionsthatenable
administratorstoperformactions,suchasallow,block,orredirectclientaccesstrafficon
theExchangeServer.
ClientAccessserver(n)~Asetofcomponentsandservicesthatenableuserstoaccess
theirExchangemailboxesthroughtheOutlookWebAccessapplication.
ClientAccessserverredirection(n)~AprocessbywhichOutlookWebAccessusers
whoaccessanInternet-facingClientAccessserverthatisinadifferentActiveDirectory
sitethanthesitethatcontainstheirmailboxcanberedirectedtotheClientAccessserver
thatisinthesamesiteastheirMailboxserverifthatClientAccessserverisInternet-
facing.
ClientAccessserverrole(n)~Asetofcomponentsandservicesthatenableusersto
accesstheirExchangemailboxesthroughtheapplicationOutlookWebAccessandthe
protocolsExchangeActiveSync,PostOfficeProtocolversion3(POP3),andInternet
MessageAccessProtocol4rev1(IMAP4).TheClientAccessserverrolealsoincludes
WebservicesthatareusedbyotherExchange2007serverroles.
clientaccountpartnerdiscoveryWebpage(n)~TheWebpagethatisusedtointeract
withausertodeterminewhichaccountpartnertheuserbelongstowhenActiveDirectory
FederationServices(ADFS)cannotautomaticallydeterminewhichoftheaccountpartners
shouldauthenticatetheuser.
clientagent(n)~SoftwarethatrunsonSMS/ConfigurationManagerclientsandperforms
client-sidefunctionsassociatedwithaspecificSMS/ConfigurationManagerfeature,such
assoftwaremetering.
clientapplication(n)~Applicationsoftwarethatgathersdatafromtheuser,preparesit
fortheserver,andissuesarequesttotheserver.Theclientpresentsdatareceivedfromthe
servertotheuserthroughitsownuserinterface.
clientapplicationservice(n)~InWindows-basedapplications,built-infunctionalityto
accessASP.NETapplicationservicesforcommonapplicationtasks,includingremote
login,roles,andapplicationsettings.
clientarea(n)~TheportionofaWindows-basedapplicationexcludingtoolbars,menus,
andstatusbars.
clientauthentication(n)~Amethodofauthenticationbywhichtheclientinaclient-
servercommunicationprovesitsidentitytotheserver.
clientauthenticationcertificate(n)~InADFS,acertificatethatfederationserver
proxiesusetoauthenticateaclienttotheFederationService.
clientbank(n)~Aprogramthatisusedtomakeelectronicpaymentstobanksandto
receiveinformationfrombanks.Thisinformationincludesacknowledgementsof
paymentsthatweremade,informationaboutincomingpayments,andbankaccount
balances.
clientcertificate(n)~Adigitalcertificatethatfunctionsinamannerthatissimilartoa
driver’slicenseorpassport.Clientcertificatescancontaindetailedidentification
informationabouttheuserandorganizationthatissuedthecertificate.
clientcodegeneration(n)~Theactionofgeneratingcodefortheclientprojectbasedon
operationsandentitiesexposedinthemiddletier.ARIAServiceslinkmustexistbetween
theclientandserverprojects.
clientcomputer(n)~Acomputer,deviceorprogramthatconnectstoorrequeststhe
servicesofanothercomputer,deviceorprogram.
clientcontext(n)~Theobjectthatisusedtoinitiateanyactionswiththeclient-sideobject
model.Itistheprimaryentrypointfortheclientobjectmodel,andtheprimaryobjectfor
coordinatingrequestsagainstcorrespondingobjectsinasitecollection.
clientcoordinate(n)~AcoordinatethatspecifiestheXorYscreenpositionrelativeto
theupper-leftcorneroftheapplication,whichisregardedastheorigin(0,0).Inright-to-
left(RTL)applications,theupper-rightcorneristheorigin.
clientcursor(n)~Acursorthatisimplementedontheclient.Theentireresultsetisfirst
transferredtotheclient,andtheclientAPIsoftwareimplementsthecursorfunctionality
fromthiscachedresultset.
clientdatabase(n)~Arelationaldatabasethatiscreatedonaclientcomputerduringthe
installationofclientcomponents.
clientenrollment(n)~Theprocessofcreatingtheclientlicensorcertificate,which
enablestheuser’scomputerordevicetocreatepublishinglicensesthatwillbehonoredby
alicensingserver.
clientextension(n)~Acategoryofcustomizationsthatenableconfigurationofclient
extensioncontrols.
clientextensioncontrol(n)~AuserinterfacecontrolthatcanbeaddedtoMicrosoft
DynamicsCRMentityformsandwithintheapplicationtoolbarornavigationareaofan
entityform.ThesecontrolsareconfiguredinXMLwithinISV.Configandaredesignedto
allowtheinclusionoffunctionalityfromanotherwebapplicationwithinMicrosoft
DynamicsCRM.Therearethreetypesofclientextensioncontrols:MenuItems,Buttons,
EntityFormNavigationareas.
clientfailback(n)~TheprocessinwhichaDFSclient,afterbeingredirected(failedover)
toanon-optimalfoldertarget,revertstoapreferredfoldertargetwhenitcomesback
online.
clientfailover(n)~Theprocessinwhichanamespaceclientattemptstoaccess
subsequenttargetsinareferralifthefirsttargetis(orbecomes)unavailable.
ClientHyper-V(PN)~TheHyper-VtechnologythatrunsontheWindowsClient
operatingsystem,ratherthanWindowsServer.
clientin-bandprovisioning(n)~Amechanismwherebytheserver(and/oradmin)can
configureaclientinaccordancewithinfrastructureandpolicyrequirements.
clientlayer(n)~Thelayerthatresidesclosesttoyourapplication,andthatyour
applicationusestocommunicatedirectlywithSQLAzure.Theclientlayercanresideon-
premisesinyourdatacenter,oritcanbehostedinMicrosoftAzure.
Clientlogoffform(PN)~ThetitleoftheWebformusedtodeletetheclient’scached
cookiesfromtheservers.
clientlogoffWebpage(n)~WhenActiveDirectoryFederationServices(ADFS)
performsalogoffoperation,aWebpagethatisexecutedtoprovidevisualfeedbacktothe
userthatthelogoffhasoccurred.
clientlogonWebpage(n)~WhenAD-FScollectsclientcredentials,aWebpagethatis
executedtoperformtheuserinteraction.
Clientmanifest(n)~Afilewithan.ismcfilenameextensionthatdescribestheavailable
bitratestoSilverlightclients.ItusesXML-formatting.
clientobjectmodel(n)~AsetofAPIsforSharePointproducts.TheseAPIsarebasedon
theserverobjectmodel,andcanbecalledfromclientssuchasdesktopPCsandmobile
devices.
clientscript(n)~AscriptconsistingofstatementsthatappearontheHTMLpage.The
scriptisexecutedbythebrowsereitherwhenthedocumentisloaded,orinresponsetoan
eventsuchasabuttonclick.
clientsecret(n)~PartofthecodethatallowsOpenAuthorization(OAuth).Clientsecrets
arelinkedtoclientIDs.YoucanhavemultipleclientsecretslinkedtoasingleClientID.
clientsoftware(n)~Aprogramthatisrunonaclientcomputerratherthanonaserver
computer.
ClientStatisticspane(n)~Oneofthetabsthathoststheoutputoftheclientstatistics
information.
clientstatus(n)~AfeaturethatmonitorsthehealthandactivityoftheConfiguration
Managerclientandthatcantakeremedialactionifitisrequired.
clientsubscription(n)~Asubscriptiontoamergepublicationthatusesthepriorityvalue
ofthePublisherforconflictdetectionandresolution.
ClientSyncAgent(PN)~ThesynchronizationagentbetweentheSQLServerdatabase
andtheSQLAzurehubdatabase.
clienttier(n)~Inthethree-tierWebapplicationmodel,theapplicationorprocessthat
requestsservicesfromthemiddletier,whichtypicallyincludesaWebserverandbusiness
processes.
clienttype(n)~Informationthatdetermineshowacacheclientfunctionsandimpactsthe
performanceofyourapplication.Therearetwoclienttypes:asimpleclienttypeanda
routingclienttype.
clientversionfilter(n)~
clientversionpolicy(n)~Asetofclientversionrulesthatdefinestheactionstobetaken
whenuserstrytologonwithspecificclientsandclientversions.
ClientVirtualizationHandler(PN)~AClick-to-Runcomponentthatisinstalledona
user’sPCinordertoenablethetechnology.
client/serverarchitecture(n)~Amodelofcomputingwherebyclientapplications
runningonadesktoporpersonalcomputeraccessinformationonremoteserversorhost
computers.Theclientportionoftheapplicationistypicallyoptimizedforuserinteraction,
whereastheserverportionprovidescentralized,multiuserfunctionality.
client/servercomputing(n)~Amodelofcomputingwherebyclientapplicationsrunning
onadesktoporpersonalcomputeraccessinformationonremoteserversorhost
computers.Theclientportionoftheapplicationistypicallyoptimizedforuserinteraction,
whereastheserverportionprovidescentralized,multiuserfunctionality.
client-sideimagemap(n)~AnimagemapthatdirectlyencodesinaWebpagethe
destinationURLofeachhotspotinthatimagemap.Client-sideimagemapsdonot
requireprocessingfromaserverwhenasitevisitorfollowsthehyperlinksintheimage
map.
client-sidemonitoring(n)~Themonitoringperspectivethatreceiveseventsandstatistics
fromenduserbrowsersessions.
client-sideprogram(n)~Aprogramthatisrunonaclientcomputerratherthanona
servercomputer.
client-siderendering(n)~Technologythatenablesrenderingoperationstobehandledby
theclient.
client-sidesession(n)~TheWindowsPowerShellsessiononauser’slocalcomputer,
whichhasthebasicWindowsPowerShellcommandsavailabletoit.
ClinicalDocumentArchitecture(n)~Thestandardformatusedtodefinehowpatient
healthinformationistransferredbetweensystems
clip(v)~Tocutaphotograph,drawing,orotherillustrationfromaclipartcollection—
eitherinabookoronadisk.
clip(v)~Tocutofftheportionofadisplayedimagethatliesbeyondacertainboundary,
suchastheedgeofawindoworaboundingbox.
clip(n)~Asinglemediafile,includingart,sound,animation,ormovies.
clipart(n)~Ready-madeart,oftenappearingasabitmaporacombinationofdrawn
shapes.
clipcollection(n)~Ahierarchicalorganizationofmediaclips.Youcancreateyourown
clipcollections,importclipcollections,oradd,move,orcopyclipsfromonecollectionto
another.
clipcreation(n)~Theprocessofdetectingandsplittingvideocontentintoseparateclips.
ClipsarecreatedbyWindowsMovieMakerwhenthereisasignificantchangefromone
frametoanother.
ClipGallery(PN)~Afeaturethatcontainsacollectionofclipart.
clipboard(n)~Theareaofstorageforobjects,data,ortheirreferencesafterausercarries
outaCutorCopycommand.
Clipboard~AtemporarystorageareainWindows.Whenyoucut(Ctrl-X)orcopy(Ctrl-
C)highlightedtext,documentsorwhateverinWindowstheyaresenttotheclipboard;
whenyoupaste(Ctrl-V)theyarecopiedfromtheclipboardtothecursorposition.Sending
somethingtotheclipboardautomaticallyoverwritesitspreviouscontents.
Clipboardclipping(n)~Apieceoftextorotherclippingthathasbeenaddedtothe
Clipboard.
clipboardformat(n)~Adataformatthatamemoryobjectisinstantiatedonthe
clipboard.
clipbook(n)~Clipboarddatathatisstoredseparatelyfromthesystemclipboard.
ClipBookServer(n)~AsystemservicethatsupportsClipBookViewer,whichallows
pagestobeseenbyremoteClipBooks.
clip-onmicrophone(n)~Amicrophonethatcanbeattachedbyaclip.
clippingmask(n)~Amaskthatisappliedtoanotherobject,hidingtheportionsofthe
maskedobjectwhichfalloutsideoftheclippingpath.
clippingpath(n)~Apaththatisappliedtoanotherobject,hidingtheportionsofthe
maskedobjectwhichfalloutsideoftheclippingpath.
CLMAudit(n)~ACertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)extendedpermissioninActive
DirectorythatallowsthegenerationanddisplayofCLMpolicytemplates,defining
managementpolicieswithinaprofiletemplate,andgeneratingCLMreports.
CLMcredentials(n)~Useraccountinformationthatcanbeusedtoauthenticateauserto
CertificateLifecycleManager(CLM).Thesecredentialscanbeintheformofdomain
credentialsorone-timepasswords.
CLMEnroll(n)~ACertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)extendedpermissioninActive
Directorythatallowstheusertospecifytheworkflowandthedatatobecollectedwhile
issuingcertificatesusingatemplate.Thisextendedpermissiononlyappliestoprofile
templates.
CLMEnrollmentAgent(n)~ACertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)extended
permissioninActiveDirectorythatallowsauserorgrouptoperformcertificaterequests
onbehalfofanotheruser.Theissuedcertificate’ssubjectwillcontainthetargetuser’s
name,ratherthantherequestor’sname.
CLMreports(n)~Auditinformationpertainingtocredentialmanagementactivities
withinCertificateLifecycleManager(CLM).
CLMRequestUnblockSmartCard(n)~ACertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)
extendedpermissioninActiveDirectorythatenablesasmartcard’sUserPersonal
IdentificationNumber(PIN)tobereset,allowingaccesstothekeymaterialonasmart
cardandforthatmaterialtobere-established.
cloak(v)~Protectaprojectfrombeingaffectedbycertaincommands,forexample,Check
Out,CheckIn,andUndoCheckOut.
clock(n)~Theelectroniccircuitinacomputerthatgeneratesasteadystreamoftiming
pulses—thedigitalsignalsthatsynchronizeeveryoperation.Thesystemclocksignalis
preciselysetbyaquartzcrystal,typicallyataspecificfrequencybetween1and50
megahertz.Theclockrateofacomputerisoneoftheprimedeterminantsofitsoverall
processingspeed,anditcangoashighastheothercomponentsofthecomputerallow.
clockrate(n)~Thespeedatwhichtheinternalclockinanelectronicdeviceoscillates.In
computers,eachtick(oscillation)oftheclockiscalledacycle,andtheclockrateis
measuredinmegahertz,ormillionsofcyclespersecond.Theclockratedetermineshow
quicklytheCPUcanexecutebasicinstructions,suchasaddingtwonumbers,anditis
usedtosynchronizetheactivitiesofvariouscomponentsinthesystem.
clocksetting(n)~Thetimetowhichaclockisset.
clockspeed(n)~Ameasureofprocessingpower,giveninmegahertz(MHz).
clockspeed(n)~Thespeedatwhichtheinternalclockinanelectronicdeviceoscillates.
Incomputers,eachtick(oscillation)oftheclockiscalledacycle,andtheclockrateis
measuredinmegahertz,ormillionsofcyclespersecond.Theclockratedetermineshow
quicklytheCPUcanexecutebasicinstructions,suchasaddingtwonumbers,anditis
usedtosynchronizetheactivitiesofvariouscomponentsinthesystem.
clocktick(n)~ThetimerequiredfortheCPUtoperformthesimplestinstruction,suchas
fetchingthecontentsofaregisterorperformingano-operationinstruction(NOP).
clockvector(n)~Acollectionofclockvectorelementsthatrepresentsupdatestoa
replica.Anychangethatoccursbetween0andthetickcountiscontainedinthevector.
clockvectorelement(n)~Apairofvalues,consistingofareplicakeyandatickcount,
thatrepresentsachangetoareplica.
clone(n)~Aduplicateofanyvectorpathorshape,butwhichcanhavedifferentfill,
stroke,oreffectformatting.
clone(v)~Tocopyorreplicatetheentirecontentsofaharddiskdrive,includingthe
operatingsystem,configurationsettings,andprograms,bycreatinganimageofthehard
diskdrive.
clonedconfiguration(n)~ThepracticeofdeployingnewEdgeTransportserversbased
ontheconfigurationinformationofapreviouslyconfiguredsourceserver.The
configurationinformationofthepreviouslyconfiguredsourceserveriscopiedand
exportedtoanXMLfile,whichisthenimportedtothetargetserver.
cloning(n)~Theprocessbywhichanewvirtualmachineiscreatedfromanexisting
virtualmachine.Thenewvirtualmachinehasthesameidentityasthesourcemachine.
close(v)~Toendanapplication’srelationshipwithanopenfilesothattheapplication
willnolongerbeabletoaccessthefilewithoutopeningitagain.
Close(v)~AnitemontheConnectmenuthatclosesthecurrentwindowwithoutsigning
theuseroutofCommunicator.
Close(PN)~ThetooltipfortheClosebutton.
close(v)~Tomakeunavailableforuse.
closebox(n)~IntheMacintoshgraphicaluserinterface,asmallboxintheleftcornerofa
window’stitlebar.Clickingontheboxclosesthewindow.
Closebutton(n)~InWindows-basedprograms,theboxthathasan×attheupper-right
cornerofthescreenthat,whenclicked,closesthewindow.
closedate(n)~Thedateonwhichanopportunityisclosed,eitherbecauseitresultedina
saleorwasunsuccessful.
closed(adj)~Thestateinaperiodinwhichanactivitycannotoccur,thestateofan
operationalprocess,orthestatusofasourcedocument.
closedauthenticatedmeeting(n)~Anauthenticated-users-onlymeetingthatisopenonly
tousersontheorganizer’sinvitelist.
closedcampussupervisionpolicy(n)~E-mailpolicysettingsthatapplyinboundand
outbounde-mailrestrictionssostudentscansende-mailtoorreceivee-mailfrom
addressesinsidetheorganizationonly.Administratorscansetuporganization-wide
exceptionssoe-mailcanbesenttoorfromspecificdomainsandpublicgroups.
Administratorscanalsoconfigureper-userexceptionssostudentscansende-mailtoand
receivee-mailfromspecificaddressesoutsidetheorganization.
closedcaption(n)~Descriptivetextthatrepresentstheaudiocontentofatelevisionor
videoprogramastextonthescreen.Captionsareusuallyvisibleonlyifdecodedor
activated.
closedcaptioning(n)~Aserviceorfeaturethatrenderstheaudiocontentofatelevision
orvideoprogramastextonthescreen.Thesecaptionsareusuallyvisibleonlyifdecoded
oractivated.
ClosedChevronProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogression,a
timeline,orsequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow,ortoemphasizemovementor
direction.Canbeusedtoemphasizeinformationinthestartingshape.Worksbestwith
Level1textonly.
closedcontentmodel(n)~XMLdocumentrulesthatstatethatanelementinanXML
documentcannotincludeanyinformationthatdoesnotfollowthereferencedschema.
closedfiscalperiod(n)~Thestateofafiscalperiodthatcannotbereopenedandthat
preventsitsuseasatimeperiodclassifierforaccountentries.
closedgenerictype(n)~Aconstructedgenerictypethathasnounspecifiedgenerictype
parameters,eitherofitsownorofanyenclosingtypesormethods.Closedgenerictypes
canbeinstantiated.
closedpath(n)~Avectorpaththatisclosed,meaningthatbeginningandendingpoints
arethesamepoint.
closedshape(n)~Ashapethatissurroundedbyacontinuousoutline,suchasarectangle
orcircle.
closedvisit(n)~Avisitcompletedbeforealogfilestopscollectingdata.
closing(n)~Anaccountingprocedurethattransfersthebalancesofthetemporaryowners’
equityaccountstothepermanentowners’equityaccount,whichleavesthetemporary
accountswithzerobalances.
closingchevron(n)~The-»character.
closingcurlyquotationmark(n)~The-€?character.
closingparenthesis(n)~The)character.
closingquotationmark(n)~The-€?character.
cloud(n)~TheworldwidecollectionofnetworksandgatewaysthatusetheTCP/IPsuite
ofprotocolstocommunicatewithoneanother.
cloud(n)~Apoolofresourceswhichexposesasetofcapacityandcapabilitieswithout
revealingtheactualphysicalbackingoftheresources.
cloud(n)~Thecollectionofhardwareandsoftwarethatenablesthefiveessential
characteristics(on-demandself-service,broadnetworkaccess,resourcepooling,rapid
elasticity,andmeasuredservice)ofcloudcomputing.Thecloudinfrastructurecanbe
viewedascontainingbothaphysicallayerandanabstractionlayer.Thephysicallayer
consistsofthehardwareresourcesthatarenecessarytosupportthecloudservicesbeing
provided,andtypicallyincludesserver,storageandnetworkcomponents.Theabstraction
layerconsistsofthesoftwaredeployedacrossthephysicallayer,whichmanifeststhe
essentialcloudcharacteristics.Conceptuallytheabstractionlayersitsabovethephysical
layer.
CloudAccelerateProgram(PN)~AcomponentoftheCloudPartnerprogramdesigned
forpartnersthatarealreadycommittedtoacloudbusiness.
CloudAppModel(PN)~Anapplication-hostingarchitecturethatreliesoncloud-based
services.Applicationlogicanddataaretypicallyhostedonadistributedsetofserviceson
theInternet,connectedthroughwebAPIs,andauthenticatedwithserver-to-server
authenticationtechnologiessuchasOAuth.
CloudBusinessApp(n)~Cloud-basedbusinessapplicationforSharePoint2013or
SharePointonOffice365,whichisoptimizedforaddingandmanagingdata.
cloudcollection(n)~Adescriptionformusicorvideosstoredinthecloudthatusersmay
accessfromtheirphone.UsedforXboxMusicandanyotherpotentialcloud-basedmedia
services.
cloudcomputing(n)~Atypeofcomputingthatusesgroupsofserversandscalable
resources,generallyaplatformasaserviceandsoftwareasaservice,overtheInternet.
cloudcomputing~Cloudcomputingisageneraltermforanythingthatinvolves
deliveringhostedservicesovertheInternet.Theseservicesarebroadlydividedintothree
categories:Infrastructure-as-a-Service(IaaS),Platform-as-a-Service(PaaS)andSoftware-
as-a-Service(SaaS).
CloudDeploymentProgram(PN)~AcomponentoftheCloudPartnerprogramdesigned
tomeettheneedsofpartnersthataredeployingOffice365toenterprisecustomers.
CloudEssentialsPack(PN)~AtrainingpackageoftheCloudPartnerprogramdesigned
forpartnersstartingtobuildaMicrosoftOnlineServicesbusinesswhowanttotrythe
latestcloudsoftware,onlinetechnicalsupport,trainingandotherresourcesfrom
Microsoftatnocharge.
cloudlibrary(n)~Agroupingofread-onlylibrarysharesthatareassignedtoaprivate
cloudandalocationwhereself-serviceusersofaprivatecloudcanstorevirtualmachines
orservices.
CloudMigration(n)~Atypeofsubscriptionpurchasedbycustomerstargetedto
customersconsideringmigrationtothecloud.
CloudOS(PN)~Anoperatingsystemthatmanagesapplicationsandhardwareatthe
scopeandscaleofcloudcomputing.ThefoundationsoftheCloudOSareWindows
ServerandMicrosoftAzure,complementedbythefullbreadthoftechnologysolutions,
suchasSQLServer,SystemCenterandVisualStudio.Together,thesetechnologies
provideoneconsistentplatformforinfrastructure,appsanddatathatcanspantheclient’s
datacenter,serviceproviderdatacenters,andtheMicrosoftpubliccloud.
cloudresourcemapping(n)~AmappingcreatedbyanAppControlleradministrator
withallthecloudresources.
cloudsearchservice(n)~Aservicethatenablesaddingcontenttothesearchindexin
Office365.
cloudservice(n)~AninstanceoftheCloudServicesofferthatconsistsofpackaged
softwareprogrammingandconfigurationsettingsandishostedonvirtualmachinesbased
onwebandworkerroles.
CloudServices(PN)~ThePlatform-as-a-Service(PaaS)offerinMicrosoftAzurethat
allowscustomerstobuildpowerful,scalablewebapplicationswithouthavingtoworry
aboutmanagingtheunderlyingplatformissues.
CloudServicesLowPriority(n)~AservicetypeoftheCloudServices’servicesuitable
forworkloadswithlowpriority
CloudSolutionProvider(PN)~TheMicrosoftprogramthatallowsexternalpartnersto
sell,setup,andmanageOffice365accountsforsmallbusinesses,aswellassettheirown
terms.
Cloud,the~Remotestorageviatheinternet,orsometimesjusttheinternetingeneral.
Called‘thecloud’becauseyoudon’tknowwhereyourdataisphysicallylocated,it’sjust
outtheresomewhere.
cloud-based(adj)~Pertainingtooperationsthattakeplacewithinthecloud.
CLP(n)~TheofficialcurrencyoftheRepublicofChile.
CLR(n)~Theengineatthecoreofmanagedcodeexecution.Theruntimesupplies
managedcodewithservicessuchascross-languageintegration,codeaccesssecurity,
objectlifetimemanagement,anddebuggingandprofilingsupport.
CLRfunction(n)~AfunctioncreatedagainstaSQLServerassemblywhose
implementationisdefinedinanassemblycreatedinthe.NETFrameworkcommon
languageruntime(CLR).
CLRmetadata(n)~Informationthatdescribeseveryelementmanagedbythecommon
languageruntime:anassembly,loadablefile,type,method,andsoon.Thiscaninclude
informationrequiredfordebuggingandgarbagecollection,aswellassecurityattributes,
marshalingdata,extendedclassandmemberdefinitions,versionbinding,andother
informationrequiredbytheruntime.
CLRstoredprocedure(n)~AstoredprocedurecreatedagainstaSQLServerassembly
whoseimplementationisdefinedinanassemblycreatedinthe.NETFrameworkcommon
languageruntime(CLR).
CLRtrigger(n)~AtriggercreatedagainstaSQLServerassemblywhoseimplementation
isdefinedinanassemblycreatedinthe.NETFrameworkcommonlanguageruntime
(CLR).
CLRuser-definedtype(n)~Auser-defineddatatypecreatedagainstaSQLServer
assemblywhoseimplementationisdefinedinanassemblycreatedinthe.NETFramework
commonlanguageruntime(CLR).
CLS(n)~Asubsetoflanguagefeaturessupportedbythecommonlanguageruntime,
includingfeaturescommontoseveralobject-orientedprogramminglanguages.CLS-
compliantcomponentsandtoolsareguaranteedtointeroperatewithotherCLS-compliant
componentsandtools.
CLS-compliant(adj)~Pertainingtocodethatpubliclyexposesonlylanguagefeatures
thatareintheCommonLanguageSpecification.CLScompliancecanapplytoclasses,
interfaces,components,andtools.
CLSID(n)~Auniversallyuniqueidentifier(UUID)thatidentifiesaCOMcomponent.
EachCOMcomponenthasitsCLSIDintheWindowsregistrysothatitcanbeloadedby
otherapplications.
CLSIDtag(n)~AnextendedHTMLelementthatisusedtodescribetheclassofa
viewableordownloadabledocument.Itcanbemisusedtopassdangerousattachments;
EHSallowsuserstoblockthistag.
Club(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#112.
Club-House(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#128.
cluster(n)~Thesmallestamountofdiskspacethatcanbeallocatedtoholdafile.
cluster(n)~Agroupofindependentcomputersthatworktogethertoprovideacommon
setofservicesandpresentasingle-systemimagetoclients.Theuseofaclusterenhances
theavailabilityoftheservicesandthescalabilityandmanageabilityoftheoperating
systemthatprovidestheservices.
cluster(n)~Agroupofwarehouse-relatedworkitemsofthesametype,basedonuser-
definedcriteria(suchaslocationandinventorynumber).
Cluster~Datastoredonadiskisspreadacrossanumberofclusters,smallphysicalareas
onthedisk.Howbigtheyaredependsonthewaythediskisformatted.
cluster~processofconnectingmultipleserverstogetherinordertoprovidegreater
overallsystemavailability,performance,andcapacityforyourserverplatforms.
clusteradapter(n)~Theadapterthat,whenusingmultiplenetworkadaptersineachhost
ofaNetworkLoadBalancingcluster,handlesthenetworktrafficforclusteroperations
(thetrafficforallhostsinthecluster).Thisadapterisprogrammedwiththehost’scluster
IPaddress.
clusterconfigurationstoragelocation(n)~Thesharedlocation(orsharedstorage
location)whereclusterconfigurationinformationispersisted.Itcanbeasharedfileora
database.
clustercontinuousreplication(n)~Areplicationthatcombinestheasynchronouslog
shippingandreplayfeaturesbuiltintoExchange2007withthefailoverandmanagement
featuresprovidedbyafailoverclusterthatiscreatedwiththeMicrosoftWindowsCluster
service.
clusterdiskresource(n)~Adiskonaclusterstoragedevice.
clusterlog(n)~AtracelogofClusterserviceeventsandactivitiesonanode.
clustermanifest(n)~Aschematizedxmldocumentthatdescribesthenodesforminga
WindowsFabriccluster.
clusternetwork(n)~Agroupofindependentcomputersthatworktogethertoprovidea
commonsetofservicesandpresentasingle-systemimagetoclients.Theuseofacluster
enhancestheavailabilityoftheservicesandthescalabilityandmanageabilityofthe
operatingsystemthatprovidestheservices.
clusternetworkaddress(n)~Thenetwork(mediaaccesscontrol)addressforthe
networkadapterthatistobeusedforhandlingclient-to-clustertrafficinaNetworkLoad
Balancingcluster.
clusternode(n)~Anindividualcomputerinaservercluster.
clusterordereddither(n)~Inphotography,amethodofdigitalhalftoningusedtocreate
theillusionofsmoothgradationbetweencolours.
clusterpackage(n)~Theclustermanifestand/orWindowsFabricMSIthatforman
atomicunitofdeploymentforaWindowsFabriccluster.
clusterport(n)~ATCP/IPportusedbythecachehoststomanagethecachecluster.The
portnumberusedfortheclusterportscanbedifferentoneachcachehost.Thesesettings
aremaintainedintheclusterconfigurationsettings.
clusterquorum(n)~Adiskwhichcontainsthedatabasewhichcontainsmetadataabout
thecluster’smembers.
clusterrepair(n)~Arepairoperationinwhichallmissingorcorruptfilesarereplaced,all
missingorcorruptregistrykeysarereplacedandallmissingorinvalidconfiguration
valuesaresettodefaultvalues.
clusterresource(n)~AinternalentitythatcanbeownedbyaWindowsServerFailover
Clustering(WSFC)node,broughtonlineandtakenoffline,movedbetweennodes,and
managedasaclusterobject.Aclusterresourcecanbeownedbyonlyasinglenodeatany
pointintime.
clusterresourcegroup(n)~Aninternalcollectionofclusterresourcesmanagedasa
singleclusterobjectintheWSFCcluster.
Clusterservice(n)~Theessentialsoftwarecomponentthatcontrolsallaspectsofserver
clusterorfailoverclusteroperationandmanagestheclusterconfigurationdatabase.
ClusterSharedVolume(PN)~Afeaturethatsimplifiestheconfigurationand
managementofHyper-Vvirtualmachinesinfailoverclusters.WithCSV,onafailover
clusterthatrunsHyper-V,multiplevirtualmachinescanusethesamediskyetfailover
independentlyofoneanother.CSVprovidesincreasedflexibilityforvolumesinclustered
storage-€”forexample,itallowsyoutokeepsystemfilesseparatefromdatatooptimize
diskperformance,evenifthesystemfilesandthedataarecontainedwithinvirtualhard
diskfiles.
clusterstorage(n)~Storagewhereoneormoreattacheddisksholddatausedeitherby
serverapplicationsrunningontheclusterorbyapplicationsformanagingthecluster.
Eachdiskontheclusterstorageisownedbyonlyonenodeofthecluster.Theownership
ofdisksmovesfromonenodetoanotherwhenthediskgroupfailsoverormovestothe
othernode.
Cluster.exe(n)~Acommand-lineutilitythatisusedasanalternativetoFailoverCluster
Managementtoadministerclustersfromthecommandprompt.Youcanalsocall
Cluster.exefromcommandscriptstoautomatemanyclusteradministrationtasks.
cluster-awareapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatcanrunonaclusternodeandthatcan
bemanagedasaclusterresource.Cluster-awareapplicationsusetheClusterAPIto
receivestatusandnotificationinformationfromtheservercluster.
Cluster-AwareUpdating(PN)~Afeaturethatautomatestheprocessofapplying
softwareupdatestothenodesinafailovercluster.WithCluster-AwareUpdating,aserver
administratorcanpreviewandapplyupdatestoacluster,createaprofilethatstandardizes
thewayupdatesareapplied,andviewreportsofpastupdatingruns.Cluster-Aware
Updatingincludesagraphicalinterface,WindowsPowerShellcmdlets,andfor
extensibility,acustomplug-inAPI.
clusteredbarchart(n)~Abarchartsubtypethatcomparesvaluesacrosscategories.
clusteredcolumnchart(n)~Acolumnchartsubtypethatcomparesvaluesacross
categories.Thecategoriesareorganizedhorizontally,andvaluesvertically,toemphasize
variationovertime.
clusteredindex(n)~AB-tree-basedindexinwhichthelogicalorderofthekeyvalues
determinesthephysicalorderofthecorrespondingrowsinatable.
clusteredinstance(n)~Agroupofresourcesinafailoverclusterthatarehandledasa
unitoffailover.Whentheresourcesfailover,theyfailovertogetherinapredefinedway
toanothernodeinthecluster.
clusteredmailboxserver(n)~AmailboxserverthatisinstalledinaWindowsfailover
cluster.Aclusteredmailboxserverisusedinbothclustercontinuousreplication(CCR)
andsinglecopycluster(SCC)configurations.Aclusteredmailboxserverwascalledan
ExchangeVirtualServerinpreviousversionsofExchangeServer.
clusteredrole(n)~Aroleconfiguredwithinacluster.
clusteredserver(n)~Aserverthatbelongstoaservercluster.
clustering(n)~Thegroupingofmultipleserversinawaythatallowsthemtoappeartobe
asingleunittoclientcomputersonanetwork.Clusteringisameansofincreasingnetwork
capacity,providinglivebackupincaseoneoftheserversfails,andimprovingdata
security.
clustering(n)~Adataminingtechniquethatanalyzesdatatogrouprecordstogether
accordingtotheirlocationwithinthemultidimensionalattributespace.
cluster-unawareapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatcanrunonaclusternodeandbe
managedasaclusterresourcebutthatdoesnotsupporttheClusterAPI.
CLUT(n)~Whenagraphiciscreatedoredited,theusermayspecifyaCLUTthat
correspondswiththeneedsofprint,Web,orotherdestinationmedia.InWebdesign,a
specificCLUTofbrowser-safecolorsisusedtobecertaingraphicsanddesignswill
displayconsistentlyacrossdifferentplatformsandwithdifferentbrowsers.
Clutter(PN)~TheOutlookemailfilterthatmoveslowprioritymessagesoutoftheInbox
totheClutterfolderbasedonindividualuserpreferences.
CMClient(n)~Asoftwareprogramrunningonaclientcomputertoassistsinclient-side,
smartcardmanagementactivitiessuchaschangingthepersonalidentificationnumber
(PIN)onasmartcard.
CMAK(n)~Atoolforcreating,editing,andmanagingConnectionManagerprofiles.The
ConnectionManagerisaclientdialer.
cmdlet(n)~Asmall,basiccommand,namedintheform‘verb-noun’andimplementedas
a.Netclassthatderivesfromabasecmdletclass.
CmdletLoggingViewer(PN)~AfeatureinExchangeAdminCenter(EAC)that
generatesadynamiclogofcommandsmadetoaserveratthatgivenpointoftime.
AdministratorscanviewthelogtochecktheUIbehavior,analyzeortroubleshoot
commands,orevenruncustomscriptsonaserver.
CMOS(n)~Asemiconductortechnologyinwhichpairsofmetal-oxidesemiconductor
field-effecttransistors(MOFSETs),oneN-typeandoneP-type,areintegratedonasingle
siliconchip.
CMOS~(ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor;pr.‘see-moss’)Aspecialtypeof
memorywhichretainsitsdatawhenthePCisswitchedoff,usedtostoresettingsfor
thingslikewhattypeofharddiskyouhave,andhowmuchmemory.Thesettingsare
accessedviathe-BIOS.
CMRfile(PN)~Adatafileofproducts,theirdescriptionsandprices,andactioncodes
thatadd,update,ordeleteproductdatainavendorcatalog.
CMYK(n)~Acolormodelforcommercialprintingthatproducesawiderangeofcolors
bymixingvaryingpercentagesofcyan,magenta,yellow,andblackinks.
CMYK~(Cyan,Magenta,Yellow,Keystoneblack)-Thestandardfourcoloursusedby
mostprinters-almostanycolourcanbecreatedoutofthese.Seealso-RGB.
CN(n)~Anamingattributefromwhichanobject’sdistinguishednameisformed.For
mostobjectclasses,thenamingattributeistheCommon-Name.Forexample,auser
objectwithitsCNsettoJeffSmith’mighthaveadistinguishednameof‘CN=JeffSmith
CNAMErecord(n)~AtypeofresourcerecordintheDomainNameSystemthat
associatesacomputer’strue(canonical)namewithanyaliasnamesalsousedbythe
computer.SomedomainregistrarsuseCNAMErecordstoredirectorredelegatedomain
names.
CNG(n)~AreplacementoftheCryptoAPIthatenablessupportforSuiteBcryptographic
algorithmssuchasellipticcurvecryptography(ECC).
CNGprovider(n)~ThecryptographicserviceproviderthatisusedforCryptography
NextGeneration(CNG).
CNPJ(n)~A14-digitidentificationnumberissuedtoBraziliancompaniesbythe
BrazilianMinistryofRevenuefortaxpurposes.
CNY(n)~AnofficialcurrencyofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.
COA(n)~Alabelwithsophisticatedanti-counterfeitingfeaturesthathelpstheenduser
identifythatthecomputerusesavalidlylicensedcopyofMicrosoftWindows.The
productnameandauniqueproductkeyappearinthecenterofthelabel.TheOEMmust
physicallyattachtheCOAlabeltothecomputerchassis,anditshouldneverberemoved
fromthecomputer.
co-admin(n)~ApersonaddedfromwithintheDeveloperPortalbytheAccount
AdministratorortheServiceAdministratorwhocanlogintotheAzurePortalandmanage
accountsanddeterminessecuritysettings.
coalesce(v)~Touniteormergeintoone.
COALESCE(PN)~Afunctionthatreturnsthefirstnon-nullexpressionfromalistof
arguments.
coarse-grainedlock(n)~Alockthatappliestoalargeamountofcodeordata.
coatedpaper(n)~Paperthathasclayorothercoatingappliedtooneorbothsides.
co-authoring(n)~Aprocessbywhichmultipleauthorseditashareddocument
simultaneously,orcollaborateeffectivelyevenwhentheyarenotonlineatthesametime.
coaxialcable(n)~Around,flexible,two-conductorcableconsistingof-fromthecenter
outwards-acopperwire,alayerofprotectiveinsulation,abraidedmetalmeshsleeve,
andanoutershield,orjacketofPVCorfire-resistantmaterial.Theshieldpreventssignals
transmittedonthecenterwirefromaffectingnearbycomponentsandpreventsexternal
interferencefromaffectingthesignalcarriedonthecenterwire.Coaxialcableiswidely
usedinnetworks.Itisthesametypeofwiringasthatusedforcabletelevision.
COB(n)~Amanufacturingtechnologythatmountsanintegratedcircuitdiedirectlytoa
circuitboard.Thedieiselectricallyconnectedtothecircuitboardusingwirebonding,and
isthencoveredwithaprotectiveepoxycover.
Co-Branding(PN)~TheoptionintheCampaignTypeslistthatindicatesthatthe
marketingeffortorpromotionwillbesharedwithanothercompany.
co-branding(n)~Theprocessofcustomizingthelookandfeelofaproducttosupport
marketingorpromotionofanothercompany.
cockpit(n)~Atoolusedtoviewandmanagecertaintypesofcomputerjobs,suchasdata
upgradejobsduringanupgradetoanewversionoftheprogram.
coclass(n)~Akeywordthatisusedtodescribeaclass.
coclasswrapperclass(n)~Aflatteningofallofthemethodsofalloftheinterfaces
(includingeventinginterfaces)implementedbyagivenCOMobject.
COD(oth)~Apaymentpolicythatrequirespaymentinfullforproductupondelivery.
COD(n)~Amethodofpaymentbywhichacustomerpaysthefreightcarrierforgoods
whentheyaredelivered.Thefreightcarrierthenremitsthepaymenttotheshipper.
CODoutstanding(oth)~Undeliveredandunpaidcash-on-deliverytransaction.
CODA(PN)~Aformatforreportsfromtheelectronicbankingsystemthatisusedin
Belgium.
code(v)~Towriteprograminstructionsinaprogramminglanguage.
code(n)~Programinstructions.
Code(PN)~Afreecodeeditorandcross-platformdevelopmenttoolintheVisualStudio
familysupportingOSX,Linux,andWindows,redefinedandoptimizedforbuildingand
debuggingmodernwebandcloudapplications.
Code39(PN)~AbarcodesymbologystandardmaintainedbyAmericanNational
StandardsInstitute(ANSI).
codeaccesssecurity(n)~Amechanismprovidedbythecommonlanguageruntime
wherebymanagedcodeisgrantedpermissionsbysecuritypolicyandthesepermissions
areenforced,helpingtolimittheoperationsthatthecodewillbeallowedtoperform.
codeaccesssecurity(CAS)policy(n)~Asetofrulesthatdefinessecuritypermissions
foracollectionofassembliesbyassociatingattributesofthoseassemblies,suchas
locationandsignature,withasetofcodeaccesssecuritypermissions.
codeanalysis(n)~Theprocessofcheckingcodeforconformancetodesignguidelines.
Codeanalysisgoesbeyondcompilationtolookforcommoncodinganddesignerrors
determinedbyasetofguidelines.
codecommentWebreport(n)~Webpagesthatenableyoutobrowsethecodestructure
withinfilesinyourcurrentprojectorsolution,suchasobjectsandinterfacesdefinedina
project.
codecomplete(n)~Adevelopmentmilestonemarkingthepointatwhichallfeaturesfor
thereleaseareimplementedandfunctionalityhasbeenverifiedagainstthefunctional
specification.
codecoverage(n)~Atechnologythatincludesaddinginstructionstoanexisting
assemblyorartifactandthatenablesVisualStudiotomonitorthecodepathsthatare
touchedbyatest.
codecoverage(n)~Ametricusedtodescribethedegreetowhichthesourcecodeofa
programhasbeentested.Codecoverageisexpressedasapercentageoftheblocksofcode
testedoverthetotalblocksofcode.
CodeDefinitionwindow(n)~Aread-onlyeditorviewthatdisplaysthedefinitionofa
symbolinacodefilestoredin,orreferencedby,theactiveproject.
CodeDocumentObjectModel(PN)~Amechanismthatenablesdevelopersofprograms
thatemitsourcecodetogeneratesourcecodeinmultipleprogramminglanguagesatrun
time,basedonasinglemodelthatrepresentsthecodetorender.
codeelement(n)~Theminimumbitcombinationthatcanrepresentaunitofencodedtext
forprocessingorexchange.
codeexample(n)~Ablockofsamplecodeindocumentationthatisusedtodemonstratea
conceptorprocess.
CodeFirst(PN)~AsetoffeaturesintheEntityFrameworkthatenablesyoutodefinea
modelbyfirstcreatinganobjectmodelincode.
CodeFirstMigrations(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsadatabasecreatedbyCodeFirsttobe
incrementallychangedasadeveloper’sCodeFirstmodelevolves.
codefreeze(n)~Apointatwhichatechnicalprojectdocument(requirements
specification,functionalspecification,etc.)ordevelopedcomponentofthesolutioncannot
changewithoutsignificantjustificationandapprovalbykeyprojectstakeholders.
codegroup(n)~Alogicalgroupingofcodethathasaspecifiedconditionfor
membership.
codelibrary(n)~Inprogramming,acollectionofroutinesstoredinafile.Eachsetof
instructionsinalibraryhasaname,andeachperformsadifferenttask.
codelist(n)~Asetofabbreviation/explanationpairsthatareusedasadesign-timeaidto
providingsetsofXMLSchemaDefinitionlanguage(XSD)enumerationvalues.
codemask(n)~Theformatthatyoudefineforaworkbreakdownstructure[WBS]code
oracustomoutlinecode.Themaskspecifiesthesequenceandnumberoflettersor
numbersrequiredforeachlevelandthesymbolseparatingthelevels.
codemetric(n)~Asoftwaremeasurethatprovidesdevelopersbetterinsightintothecode
theyaredeveloping.Bytakingadvantageofcodemetrics,developerscanunderstand
whichtypesand/ormethodsshouldbereworkedormorethoroughlytested.Development
teamscanidentifypotentialrisks,understandthecurrentstateofaproject,andtrack
progressduringsoftwaredevelopment.
CodeMetricsPowertoolforVisualStudio2013(n)~CommandlineutilityforVisual
Studio2013,whichcalculatescodemetricsforyourmanagedcodeandsavesthemtoan
XMLfile.Thistoolenablesteamstocollectandreportcodemetricsaspartoftheirbuild
process.
codeofconduct(n)~Rulesthatexplainhowsomeoneshouldbehavewhileusinga
serviceorproduct.
CodeofConduct(PN)~Thelinktothecodeofconduct,whichcontainsrulesthat
explainhowsomeoneshouldbehavewhileusingaserviceorproduct.
codepackage(n)~Thecollectionofservicepackagesandtheconfigurationfilecombined
asanatomicunitofdeploymentforanapplication.
codepage(n)~Atablethatrelatesthecharactercodes(codepointvalues)usedbya
programtokeysonthekeyboardortocharactersonthedisplay.Thisprovidessupportfor
charactersetsandkeyboardlayoutsfordifferentcountriesorregions.
codepane(n)~InVisualBasicforApplications,thewindowthatisusedtodisplay,edit,
andwritemodule-levelandprocedurecode.
codepoint(n)~Theminimumbitcombinationthatcanrepresentaunitofencodedtext
forprocessingorexchange.
codepoint(n)~Anumericvaluethatcorrespondstoaparticularcharacterinaset.
codeprofiler(n)~Asoftwaretool,implementedasaDLL,whichiscalledbytheruntime
systemduringtheexecutionofanimage.
codereview(n)~Theprocessofassessingcodetoimproveitsqualityandthecapabilities
ofthedevelopmentteam.Typesofcodereviewincludeformalreview,peer-basedreview,
andthird-partyreview.
codesample(n)~Asetofprograminstructionsthatareprovidedasanexample,typically
forlearningandre-use.
codesigning(n)~Theprocessofaddingadigitalsignaturetoadditionsandupdatesmade
tosourcecodeandapplicationspublishedontheInternet.Codesigningisintendedto
providealevelofsecurityandtrusttoInternetsoftwaredistribution.
codesnippet(n)~Inagraphicaluserinterface,programminginstructionsembeddedina
menuoptionorbuttondefinedbytheuser.Thesnippet—consistingofoneormorelines
ofsourcecode—determineswhattheoptionorbuttondoeswhenchosenorclicked.
codesnippet(n)~Asmallpieceofprogrammingcodethatispartofalargerprogram.
Usuallythecodesnippetperformsaspecificfunctionortask.
codesnippet(n)~OneormorelinesofHTMLorothercodethatyoucansaveandreuse.
codestub(n)~AsegmentofVisualBasiccodethatdefinesthebeginningandendofa
procedure.
codevalue(n)~Anabbreviationusedtorepresenttextualinformationforpropertiessuch
ascountry/region,state/province,andorderstatus.
Codeview(n)~Awindowthatshowsthecodethatcomprisesawebpage.
code-behind(n)~ForASP.NETpagesandXAML-basedapplications,codethatis
containedwithinaseparatefile,allowingfortheseparationofmarkup(forexample,
markupcontainedinanHTMLorXAMLfile)frombehaviorthatisimplementedincode.
code-behindclass(n)~Aclassthatisaccessedbyan.aspxfile,butresidesinaseparate
file(suchasa.dllor.csfile).Forexample,youcanwriteacode-behindclassthatcreates
anASP.NETcustomservercontrol,containscodethatiscalledfroman.aspxfile,but
doesnotresidewithinthe.aspxfile.
code-behindfile(n)~Acodefilecontainingthepageclassthatimplementstheprogram
logicofaWebFormsorASP.NETmobileWebFormsapplication.
code-behindpage(n)~Acodefilecontainingthepageclassthatimplementstheprogram
logicofaWebFormsorASP.NETmobileWebFormsapplication.
codec(n)~Softwarethatisusedtocompressordecompressadigitalmediafile.
codec~(COmpressor/DECompressor)-Asmallpieceofcomputercodethattellsthe
computerhowtodecodeparticulartypesofinformation,usuallyvideofiles.Ifyourvideo
playerwon’tplayaparticularformat,youcanusuallydownloadandinstallacodecwhich
willtellithowfromtheinternet.
codedUItest(n)~Anautomatedtestoftheuserinterfaceofanapplication.AcodedUI
testexercisesuseractionsandvalidatestheexpectedresults.
codedWebtest(n)~Atypeoftestthatistypicallycreatedbyconvertinganexisting
recordedWebtestintoC#orVisualBasiccode.
CodeDOM(PN)~Amechanismthatenablesdevelopersofprogramsthatemitsource
codetogeneratesourcecodeinmultipleprogramminglanguagesatruntime,basedona
singlemodelthatrepresentsthecodetorender.
CodeLens(PN)~AfeatureofVisualStudio2013previouslyknownasCodeInformation
Indicatorstoshowinformationaboutthecodesuchasmethodreferences,testsassociated
withamethod,thelasttimealineofcodewaschangedorhowmanytimesthecodehas
beenchangeddirectlyinthecodeeditor.
coefficientofdetermination(n)~Anumberfrom0to1thatrevealshowcloselythe
estimatedvaluesforthetrendlinecorrespondtoyouractualdata.Atrendlineismost
reliablewhenitsR-squaredvalueisatornear1.
coercion(n)~Aprogrammer-specifieddataconversionfromonetypetoanother,suchasa
conversionfromintegertofloatingpoint.
COFF(n)~Aformatin32-bitprogrammingforexecutable(image)andobjectfilesthatis
portableacrossplatforms.TheMicrosoftimplementationiscalledportableexecutable
(PE)fileformat.
cofunctionalmodeset(n)~Thesetofmodesthatareavailableforaparticularsourceor
target,giventheconstraints(forexample,topology,modespinnedonothersourcesand
targets)ofaVidPN.
cofunctionalVidPNmodality(n)~Thecollectionofcofunctionalmodesetsforallthe
sourcesandtargetsinthetopologyofaVidPN.
COGS(n)~Anaccountingcategoryusedtosumthefinancialconsequencesof
manufacturingproductsandcarryinginventory.
Cold(adj)~AnoptionontheRatingsdrop-downlistontheGeneraltabthatindicatesthat
theinterestofaleadoropportunityisweak.
cold(adj)~Pertainingtothelowestratingofperceivedinterestthatanaccount,
opportunity,orleadhasinaproductorservice.
coldboot(n)~Astartupprocessthatbeginswithturningonthecomputer’spower.
Typically,acoldbootinvolvessomebasichardwarecheckingbythesystem,afterwhich
theoperatingsystemisloadedfromdiskintomemory.
coldlatency(n)~Thetimethatelapseswhentheworkflowisbeingusedforthefirsttime
andtheXOMLorXAMLneedstobecompiled.
coldlink(n)~Alinkestablisheduponarequestfordata.Oncetherequestisfilled,the
linkisbroken.Thenexttimedataisrequired,alinkfromtheclienttotheservermustbe
reestablished.Inaclient/serverarchitecture,coldlinksareusefulwhenthelinkeditem
consistsofalargeamountofdata.DynamicDataExchange(DDE),usedinapplications
suchasMicrosoftExcel,usescoldlinksfordataexchange.
coldstandby(n)~Aseconddatacenterthatcanprovideavailabilitywithinhoursordays.
coldstart(n)~Astartupprocessthatbeginswithturningonthecomputer’spower.
Typically,acoldbootinvolvessomebasichardwarecheckingbythesystem,afterwhich
theoperatingsystemisloadedfromdiskintomemory.
collaborate(v)~Toworkwithotherpeopletoupdateorinteractwithcontent.
CollaborateOn(PN)~TheframeworkthatautomaticallyprovisionsSharePointsitesthat
areassociatedwithbusinessdataentities.Thesitetemplateusedforaparticularbusiness
entitytypecanbeconfiguredontheBDCmodelusingbusinessdataactions.
collaboration(n)~Acollectionofmodelingelementsthatinteractwithinagivencontext
toperformanoperationorausecase.Theobjectsinacollaborationarerolesdescribing
typesofobjectsratherthanrepresentationsoftheobjectsthemselves.
Collaboration(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelppeopleto
collaborateonworkviatheInternet.
CollaborationDataObjects(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)that
allowsusersandapplicationshigh-levelaccesstodataobjectsinExchange.CDOdefines
theconceptofdifferentobjectclasses,includingmessages,posts,appointments,andtasks.
collaborationdiagram(n)~Aninteractiondiagramthatshows,foronesystemevent
describedbyoneusecase,howagroupofobjectscollaboratewithoneanother.
collaborationserviceprovider(n)~Acompanywhichprovidesonlinecollaboration
services(sharepointsites,messageboards,etc.)tobusinessesororganizations.
collaborativeslide(n)~Aslideonwhichallmeetingparticipantscanmakefreehand
notesanddrawings,typetext,conductpolls,showscreenshots,ordisplayWebpages.
collapse(v)~Toreducetheamountofinformationdisplayedbyhidingfromviewthe
subentrieswithinafolder,sectionorconversation,oraportionoftextorothercontent
withinacontrol.
collapsedbackbone(n)~Thewiresthatcarrymajorcommunicationstrafficwithina
network.Inalocalareanetwork,abackbonemaybeabus.
collation(n)~Asetofrulesthatdetermineshowdataiscompared,ordered,and
presented.
collationsequence(n)~Theorderingrelationship(sequence)amongobjectsthatistobe
establishedbyacollatingsort.
Colleagues(PN)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatallowsamediumamountof
informationtobeviewed,typicallyforpeopleinyourcompanyandforpeopleoutside
yourcompanywhoworkwithyou.
CollectDataThroughE-mail(oth)~Afeaturethatallowsanend-usertocollectdatavia
E-mailusingAccess,Outlook,andInfoPath.
CollectOnDelivery(n)~Amethodofpaymentbywhichacustomerpaysthefreight
carrierforgoodswhentheyaredelivered.Thefreightcarrierthenremitsthepaymentto
theshipper.
collectedfile(n)~AnyfilethatiscopiedfromSMS/ConfigurationManagerclientsduring
softwareinventory.Afterthefilesarecollectedfromclients,theyarestoredonthesite
server.
collectibleassembly(n)~Atransientdynamicassemblythatyougenerateatruntimeby
usingtheclassesintheSystem.Reflection.Emitnamespace,subjecttocertainrestrictions.
Whenyouhavereleasedallreferencestoallinstancesofthetypesinthecollectible
assemblyandtoallobjectsthatwereusedtocreatetheassembly,thecommonlanguage
runtimeunloadstheassemblyfrommemorywithoutunloadingtheapplicationdomain.
Thisistheonlycircumstanceinwhichanassemblycanbeunloadedwithoutunloading
theapplicationdomain.
collection(n)~Anobjectthatcontainsasetofrelatedobjects.Anobject’spositioninthe
collectioncanchangewheneverachangeoccursinthecollection;therefore,theposition
ofanyspecificobjectinacollectionmayvary.
collection(n)~Acontainerfororganizingclips.
collection(n)~AsetofresourcesintheConfigurationManagerhierarchy.
collection(n)~Atypeofspecializedclassinthe.NETFrameworkfordatastorageand
retrieval.Theseclassesprovidesupportforstacks,queues,lists,andhashtables.Most
collectionclassesimplementthesameinterfaces,andtheseinterfacesmaybeinheritedto
createnewcollectionclassesthatfitmorespecializeddatastorageneeds.
collection(n)~Anexportformatthatmaintainsagroupofimagesthatisgeneratedat
export.
collection(n)~Acustomer’sassemblageofdigitalmedia,includingmusic,videos,
pictures,games,andapps.
collection(n)~Automaticgroupingofuser’sphotosandvideosbasedontimeandplace.
Collection(n)~Asetofthematicallyrelatedapps,games,musictracks,videos,orother
itemsavailableforpurchaseordownloadintheStore.Athematicgroupofeditorially
chosenappsandgamesformerchandisingormarketingpurposes.
collectioneditor(n)~Anesteddialogboxthatenablesyoutomodifypropertiesthatare
setonitemsinacollection.
CollectionEvaluator(PN)~Acomponentthat,afterreceivingafilechangenotification
fromSQLMonitor,assignsresourcestocollectionsaccordingtothemostrecentdata
abouttheresources.
collectionexpensesfee(n)~Afeethatischargedtoacustomerforthecollectionofabill
ofexchangeremittance.
collectioninitializer(n)~Asequenceofobjectinitializersthatareassignedtothe
collectionelementsinthesamestatementinwhichthecollectionisconstructed.
collectioninterface(n)~Theinterfaceofacollectionobject.
collectionitem(n)~Aninstanceofacollectortypethatiscreatedwithaspecificsetof
inputpropertiesandcollectionfrequency,andthatisusedtogatherspecifictypesofdata.
collectionitem(n)~Aniteminacollection.
collectionletter(n)~Correspondencesenttoadebtorrequestingpaymentforapastdue
account.
collectionletterfee(n)~Afeethatisattachedtoacollectionletterandchargedtothe
delinquentdebtor.
collectionlimiting(n)~Restrictingthescopeofaquery.Aquerythatiscollectionlimited
canreturnonlyresourcesthatareinaspecifiedcollection,evenifotherresourcesinthe
SMS/ConfigurationManagersitedatabasematchthequerycriteria.
collectionmode(n)~Thefrequencyatwhichdataiscollectedanduploadedtothe
managementdatawarehouse.
collectionprobe(n)~Afunctionthatcollectstimingandotherperformancedatainan
instrumentedmodule.
collectionset(n)~Agroupofcollectionitemswithwhichausercaninteractthroughthe
userinterface.
collection-limitedquery(n)~Aquerythatisscopedtoincludeonlyresourcesthatarein
aspecifiedcollection.
Collections(PN)~ThesectionoftheStorethatcontainsaselectionofproductspresented
tothecustomerinagroup.Theproductsmaybepurchasedindividually.
collectionsagent(n)~Apersonwhoworkswithcustomerstoensurethatpaymentsare
collectedinatimelymanner.
collectortype(n)~AlogicalwrapperaroundtheSQLServerIntegrationServices
packagesthatprovidetheactualmechanismforcollectingdataanduploadingittothe
managementdatawarehouse.
collocate(v)~Toselectapartitionedtablethatcontainsrelateddataandjoinwiththis
tableonthepartitioningcolumn.
collocation(n)~Aconditionwherebypartitionedtablesandindexesarepartitioned
accordingtoequivalentpartitionfunctions.
Coloraveragetool(n)~Toolthatisusedbydraggingtheeyedroppertoolacrossa
selectionofgraphicsorvarioussolidcolorsonawebpageandtherebydeterminingthe
averagecolorspectrum.
colorbalance(n)~Afeaturethatletstheuserchangetheoverallcolorandtonalvaluesof
animageorobjectthroughthreeparameters:sourcelighting,saturation,andcolor
balance.
colorboost(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoselectacolorandincreaseordecrease
thevibrancyofthatcolorinanimage.
colorbox(n)~Asetofcolorchoiceslocatedinaworkpane.
colorburn(PN)~Ablendingmodewherethebackgroundcolorsaredarkenedbasedon
theforegroundcolors.Ablackforegroundcolorwillresultinblack,whileawhite
foregroundcolorwillhavenoeffect.
colorcast(n)~Apredominanceofacolorinapicturethatcausestherestofthecolorsto
lookinaccurate.
ColorCast(PN)~Afilterthatremovesthecolorcastfromaphoto.
colorcategory(n)~Akeywordorphrasewithanassociatedcolorthathelpsyoukeep
trackofitems,suchasmessages,contacts,andappointments.Youcanusecolorcategories
toeasilyfind,sort,filter,orgroupitems.
colorchannel(n)~Animageofthesamesizeasacolorimage(suchasapixel)ina
primarycolor(typicallyred,green,blue).
colorcontext(n)~Anabstractionforacolorprofile.
colordepth(n)~Thenumberofcolorvaluesthatcanbeassignedtoasinglepixelinan
image.Colordepthcanrangefrom1bit(blackandwhite)to32bits(over16.7million
colors).
colordodge(PN)~Ablendingmodeinwhichthecolorchannelsofthebackgroundcolor
arebrightenedbasedonthecolorchannelsintheforegroundcolor.Iftheforegroundcolor
isblack,thenithasnoeffect.Anythingbrighterthanblackdodges’or‘lightens’the
background.’
ColorDropper(PN)~Atoolthatletsyoucopythescreencolorfromoneobjectto
another.
coloreditor(n)~Aninterfacecontrolforsettingthecolorofabrushorthecolorofa
propertyonanobject(suchasBackground).
colorgamut(n)~Theparticularrangeofcolorsthatadeviceorcolormodelisableto
produce.
colorindex(n)~Anindexmodethatspecifiescolorsasindexesintoapaletteinsteadofas
levelsofred,green,andblue.
colorinterpolation(n)~Thespecificationofgradationsbetweenpairsofcolors.
colorkey(n)~Acolorusedfortransparentortranslucenteffects.Anoverlaysurfaceis
displayedintheregionoftheprimarysurfacethatcontainsthecolorkey.Invideo
production,colorkeysareusedtocombinetwovideosignals.
colorkeytransparency(n)~Amethodforblendingtexturemapssothatpartsappear
transparent.Colorkeytransparencyaccomplishesthisbydefiningasinglecoloras
transparent.
colorlevel(n)~Theintensityvalueofacolorinanimage.
colorlook-uptable(n)~Whenagraphiciscreatedoredited,theusermayspecifya
CLUTthatcorrespondswiththeneedsofprint,Web,orotherdestinationmedia.InWeb
design,aspecificCLUTofbrowser-safecolorsisusedtobecertaingraphicsanddesigns
willdisplayconsistentlyacrossdifferentplatformsandwithdifferentbrowsers.
colormap(n)~Whenagraphiciscreatedoredited,theusermayspecifyaCLUTthat
correspondswiththeneedsofprint,Web,orotherdestinationmedia.InWebdesign,a
specificCLUTofbrowser-safecolorsisusedtobecertaingraphicsanddesignswill
displayconsistentlyacrossdifferentplatformsandwithdifferentbrowsers.
colormenubutton(n)~Abuttonthatdropsdowntoexposeacolorpalettewhenauser
clicksit.
colormonitor(n)~Amonitordesignedtoworkwithavideocardoradaptertoproduce
textorgraphicsimagesincolor.
colorpalette(n)~Anarraythatcontainscolorvaluesidentifyingthecolorsthatcan
currentlybedisplayedordrawnontheoutputdevice.
colorpicker(n)~Aninterfacecontrolforsettingthecolorofabrushorthecolorofa
propertyonanobject(suchasBackground).
colorprinter(n)~Acomputerprinterthatcanprintfull-coloroutput.Mostcolorprinters
canalsoproduceblack-and-whiteoutput.
colorprofile(n)~Aprofilethatcontainsthedataneededfortranslatingthevaluesofa
colorgamut.Thisdataincludesinformationaboutcolor,hue,saturation,andbrightness.
colorramp(n)~Arangeofcolorsinwhicheachcolorgraduallyblendsintothenextone.
Forexample,abluerampgraduallyblendshuesofbluefrompureblacktopureblue.
colorrange(n)~Therangeofcolorsavailabletoadisplaydevice.
colorrule(n)~Arulethatappliestofillcolorsforpolygons,lines,andmarkersthat
representpointsorpolygoncenterpoints.
colorscale(n)~Ascalethatdisplaystheresultsofcolorrulesonly.
colorscheme(n)~Apredefinedsetofharmonizedcolorsthatyoucanapplytotextand
objects.Textandobjectswithanappliedschemecolorwillchangeautomaticallywhen
youswitchtoanewcolorschemeormodifythecurrentcolorscheme.
colorseparation(n)~Adecomposedlayerofafull-colorimageusedinprinting.Typical
printingprocessesusefourcolorseparations(cyan,magenta,yellow,andblack)which
combinetogethertoproducethefinalimage.
colorseparation(n)~Theprocessofprintingthecolorsinadocumentasseparateoutput
files,eachofwhichistobeprintedusingadifferent-coloredink.Therearetwotypesof
colorseparation:spotcolorseparationandprocesscolorseparation.
colorspace(n)~Thethree-dimensionalspacethatisdefinedbyasetofcoordinatesfor
representingcolorondevicessuchasmonitors,scanners,andprinters.Forexample,inthe
LABcolorspace,thecolorsaredefinedintermsoftheirluminanceorwhiteness(L),
redness-greenness(A),andyellowness-blueness(B);theHVCsystemuseshue(H),value
(V),andchroma(C).ThetwomostcommoncolorspacemodelsareRGBandYUV.
colorspaceconversion(n)~Atechniqueforconvertingacolorinonecolorspaceto
anothercolorspace.Typically,thisconversionisfromYUVcolorsfromavideosourceto
RGBfordisplay.
colorspacemodel(n)~Thethree-dimensionalspacethatisdefinedbyasetof
coordinatesforrepresentingcolorondevicessuchasmonitors,scanners,andprinters.For
example,intheLABcolorspace,thecolorsaredefinedintermsoftheirluminanceor
whiteness(L),redness-greenness(A),andyellowness-blueness(B);theHVCsystemuses
hue(H),value(V),andchroma(C).ThetwomostcommoncolorspacemodelsareRGB
andYUV.
colorspectrum(n)~Colors,aspeopleseethem,rangefromvioletatthehigh-frequency
endofthevisible-lightbandtoredatthelow-frequencyend.InPhotoDraw,theTrue
Colorspectrumisrepresentedasacolormatrix.
colortable(n)~Whenagraphiciscreatedoredited,theusermayspecifyaCLUTthat
correspondswiththeneedsofprint,Web,orotherdestinationmedia.InWebdesign,a
specificCLUTofbrowser-safecolorsisusedtobecertaingraphicsanddesignswill
displayconsistentlyacrossdifferentplatformsandwithdifferentbrowsers.
colortransform(n)~Aresourcethatchangesacolorspacebyrepresentingthecolorasa
five-dimensionalvector,wherethefirstfourvaluesarethered,green,blue,andalpha
channelsofthecolorandthelastvalueis1,andmultiplyingitbya5x5matrixthat
representsthecolortransformation.Theresultingfive-dimensionalvectorcontainsthe
representationofthenewcolor.
colorwheel(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoselectagroupofcolorsthatcompliment
eachotherwell,bymakingoneclickonthewheel.
color-coded(adj)~Classifiedoridentifiedaccordingtocolor.
color-spaceconversion(n)~Atechniqueforconvertingacolorinonecolorspaceto
anothercolorspace.Typically,thisconversionisfromYUVcolorsfromavideosourceto
RGBfordisplay.
column(n)~Aseriesofitemsarrangedverticallywithinsometypeofframework—for
example,acontinuousseriesofcellsrunningfromtoptobottominaspreadsheet,asetof
linesofspecifiedwidthonaprintedpage,averticallineofpixelsonavideoscreen,ora
setofvaluesalignedverticallyinatableormatrix.
column(n)~Theareaineachrowofadatabasetablethatstoresthedatavalueforsome
attributeoftheobjectmodeledbythetable.
columnarea(n)~ThepartofPivotTableviewthatcontainscolumnfields.
columnbinding(n)~ThebindingofanAnalysisServicesobjecttoacolumninadata
sourceview.
columnbreak(n)~Aspecialsymbolthatbreaksacolumnwheninsertedintoadocument.
Itendsthecurrentcolumnandstartsthenextcolumn.
columnbuildingblock(n)~Aworksheettemplatethatcontainsheadingsforreport
columnsaswellascodestodefinethetypeofinformationinacolumn,suchasreporting
periodsandcalculations.OneofthethreeManagementReporterbuildingblocks.
columnchart(n)~Agraphthatusesverticalbarstoshowdatachangesoveraperiodof
timeorillustratecomparisonsamongitems.
columndefinition(n)~Aworksheettemplatethatcontainsheadingsforreportcolumns
aswellascodestodefinethetypeofinformationinacolumn,suchasreportingperiods
andcalculations.OneofthethreeManagementReporterbuildingblocks.
columndelimiter(n)~AcharacterwhichseparatescolumnsfromeachotherintheCSV
filebeingimported/exported.
columnfield(n)~Afieldthat’sassignedacolumnorientationinaPivotTablereport.
Itemsassociatedwithacolumnfieldaredisplayedascolumnlabels.
columnfilter(n)~Afilterthatrestrictscolumnsthataretobeincludedaspartofa
snapshot,transactional,ormergepublication.
columngraph(n)~Agraphthatusesverticalbarstoshowdatachangesoveraperiodof
timeorillustratecomparisonsamongitems.
columnguide(n)~Averticallayoutguidethatisusedtodivideapublicationpageinto
twoormorecolumns.
columnheading(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatcanbeusedtoprovideinteractive
columntitlesforalist.
ColumnLabels(PN)~AnareainthelayoutsectionofaPivotTablefieldlisttowhich
fieldscanbeaddedinordertodisplayfieldsascolumnsatthetopofthereport.
ColumnOptions(n)~Adialogforspecifyingcolumnsandsortordertodisplayinaresult
list.
columnordinal(n)~Anumberthatrepresentsthepositionofthecolumninasetof
columns.So,ifatablehas3columns,namedName,Address,andZip,inthatorder,their
ordinalsare0,1,and2.
ColumnPatternProfile(PN)~Areportcontainingasetofregularexpressionsthatcover
thespecifiedpercentageofvaluesinastringcolumn.
columnrestriction(n)~Acodeinacolumndefinitionthatrestrictsorsuppressesthedata
inacolumn,suchasrowformatting,details,andamounts.
columnselector(n)~Thehorizontalbaratthetopofacolumn.Youcanclickacolumn
selectortoselectanentirecolumninthequerydesigngridorthefilterdesigngrid.
columnset(n)~AnuntypedXMLrepresentationthatcombinesallthesparsecolumnsof
atableintoastructuredoutput.
columntype(n)~Avalueinacolumndefinitionthatidentifiesthetypeofinformation
thatisdisplayedinthatcolumn,suchasdescriptivetext,acalculation,financial
dimensions,oranaccountingattribute.
columnworksheet(n)~Aworksheettemplatethatcontainsheadingsforreportcolumns
aswellascodestodefinethetypeofinformationinacolumn,suchasreportingperiods
andcalculations.OneofthethreeManagementReporterbuildingblocks.
column-levelcollation(n)~Supportingmultiplecollationsinasingleinstance.
column-levelconstraint(n)~Aconstraintdefinitionthatisspecifiedwithinacolumn
definitionwhenatableiscreatedoraltered.
ColumnsGrid(PN)~AneditablegridstructureintheTableDesignerthatliststhe
columnsofatableandadditionalinformationabouteachcolumn.
columnstoreindex(n)~Storeseachcolumninaseparatesetofdiskpagesratherthan
storingmultiplerowsperpage.
COM(n)~Anobject-basedprogrammingmodeldesignedtopromotesoftware
interoperability;itallowstwoormoreapplicationsorcomponentstoeasilycooperatewith
oneanother,eveniftheywerewrittenbydifferentvendors,atdifferenttimes,indifferent
programminglanguages,oriftheyarerunningondifferentcomputersrunningdifferent
operatingsystems.
COMadd-in(n)~Asupplementalprogramwiththefilenameextension.dllor.exethat
extendsthecapabilitiesofaprogrambyaddingcustomcommandsandspecialized
features.
COMcallablewrapper(n)~Aproxyobjectgeneratedbythecommonlanguageruntime
sothatexistingCOMapplicationscanusemanagedclasses,including.NETFramework
classes,transparently.
COMclass(n)~AconcreteimplementationofoneormoreCOMinterfaces.COM
objectsareinstancesofCOMclasses.
COMinterop(n)~Aservicethatenables.NETFrameworkobjectstocommunicatewith
COMobjects.
COMobject(n)~AninstanceofaCOMclass.
COMport(n)~Aserialcommunicationsportusedtoconnectadevice,suchasamodem,
printer,ormobiledevice,toacomputer.
COM+(n)~AnextensionoftheCOM(ComponentObjectModel)programming
architecturethatincludesarun-timeorexecutionenvironmentandextensibleservices,
includingtransactionservices,security,loadbalancing,andautomaticmemory
management.
combinationchart(n)~Achartthatusestwoormorecharttypestoemphasizethatthe
chartcontainsdifferentkindsofinformation,oftenwithdifferentyaxes.
combinationclass(n)~AfeatureinServiceManagerthatisusedmostlyinreportsandin
viewstodisplayinformationfrommultipleclassesthataredefinedinServiceManager.
combinationview(n)~Aviewcontainingtwoviews.Thebottompaneviewshows
detailedinformationaboutthetasksorresourcesinthetoppaneview.Forexample,the
GanttChartviewcouldbeinthetoppaneandtheTaskFormviewinthebottompane.
combinator(n)~Amethodusedtomapasourceimagetoatargetimage.Thismethod
usestheweightedaverageofthefournearestsourcepixelstodefineatargetpixel.
combine(v)~Tojointwoormorepathsinvariouswaysdependingonthecombineoption
chosen.
combine(v)~Togrouptogethermultiplewindowsofthesameapplicationunderasingle
buttononthetaskbar’staskband.
combinedworksheetlink(n)~Aworksheetlinkthatcombinesreferencestocellsinan
externalworksheetfileintothesamelinkcolumnthatisusedinareporttolinkto
accountsordimensions.
combiningcharacter(n)~Acharacter,suchasdiacritic,thathasnomeaningbyitself,but
overlapsabasecharactertomodifyit.
combobox(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatcombinestextboxandlistbox
functions.
comboboxcontrol(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatcombinestextboxandlistbox
functions.
combochart(n)~Achartthatusestwoormorecharttypestoemphasizethatthechart
containsdifferentkindsofinformation,oftenwithdifferentyaxes.
Comedy(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#57.
ComfyCakes(n)~AgamethatispartofthePurblePlacegamethatallowstheplayerto
makeacake.
ComicMischief(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
Comingsoon(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemsthatwillbeinthestoreshortly.
comma(n)~The,character.
commadelimitedfile(n)~Adatafileconsistingoffieldsandrecords,storedastext,in
whichthefieldsareseparatedfromeachotherbycommas.
comma-delimitedfile(n)~Adatafileconsistingoffieldsandrecords,storedastext,in
whichthefieldsareseparatedfromeachotherbycommas.
command(n)~Aninstructiontoacomputerprogramthat,whenissuedbytheuser,
causesanactiontobecarriedout.Commandsareusuallyeithertypedatthekeyboardor
chosenfromamenu.
command(n)~Aninstructionsentviamobilephonetoperformacertainactionon
WindowsLive,suchasupdatingastatusmessage,ortoretrieveinformation,suchasalist
oftheday’sevents).
commandbarcontrol(n)~Abuilt-inorcustomcontrolonamenubar,toolbar,menu,
submenu,orshortcutmenu.Customcontrolsyoucanaddtocommandbarsinclude
buttons,editboxes,drop-downlistboxes,andpop-upcontrols,whichdisplayamenuor
submenu.
commandbuffer(n)~Anareainmemoryinwhichcommandsenteredbytheuserare
kept.Acommandbuffercanenabletheusertorepeatcommandswithoutretypingthem
completely,editpastcommandstochangesomeargumentorcorrectamistake,undo
commands,orobtainalistofpastcommands.
commandbutton(n)~Astandardsystemcontrolthatinitiatesacommand.
commandholder(n)~AlogicalcontainerforregisteredVisualStudiocommandson
toolbarsandincontextmenus.
commandlanguage(n)~Thesetofkeywordsandexpressionsthatareacceptedasvalid
bythecommandinterpreter.
commandline(n)~Astringoftextwritteninthecommandlanguageandpassedtothe
commandinterpreterforexecution.
commandlinedeploymenttool(n)~Atoolusedtoadd,remove,importandexport
assemblies,importandexportbindings,andinstalloruninstallassembliesfromtheglobal
assemblycache(GAC).
commandlineinterface(n)~Aformofinterfacebetweentheoperatingsystemandthe
userinwhichtheusertypescommands,usingaspecialcommandlanguage.Although
systemswithcommand-lineinterfacesareusuallyconsideredmoredifficulttolearnand
usethanthosewithgraphicalinterfaces,command-basedsystemsareusually
programmable;thisgivesthemflexibilityunavailableingraphics-basedsystemsthatdo
nothaveaprogramminginterface.
commandnotification(n)~Anotificationchannelthatallowstheuseroradministratorto
runanexecutableprogramautomaticallyinresponsetoanalert.
commandprompt(n)~Aninterfacebetweentheoperatingsystemandtheuserinwhich
theusertypescommandlanguagestringsoftextthatarepassedtothecommand
interpreterforexecution.
commandpromptwindow(n)~AwindowthatmimicsanoldMS-DOSdisplayfor
typingcommand-lineinstructions.
commandrelationship(n)~Providesinstructionstohardwarebasedonnatural-language
questionsorcommands.
commandtimeout(n)~Theamountoftimeallottedforexecutingacommandagainstthe
database,whichwhenreachedcausesanerrormessagetobegeneratedanddisplayedin
theWebbrowser.
Commandwindow(n)~Awindowthatisusedtoexecutecommandsoraliasesdirectly
intheVisualStudiointegrateddevelopmentenvironment(IDE).Youcanexecuteboth
menucommandsandcommandsthatdonotappearonanymenu.
command-lineinterface(n)~Aformofinterfacebetweentheoperatingsystemandthe
userinwhichtheusertypescommands,usingaspecialcommandlanguage.Although
systemswithcommand-lineinterfacesareusuallyconsideredmoredifficulttolearnand
usethanthosewithgraphicalinterfaces,command-basedsystemsareusually
programmable;thisgivesthemflexibilityunavailableingraphics-basedsystemsthatdo
nothaveaprogramminginterface.
command-lineprogram(n)~Aprogramthatrunsfromthecommandline.
command-linetool(n)~Aprogramthatrunsfromthecommandline.
comma-separatedfile(n)~Adatafileconsistingoffieldsandrecords,storedastext,in
whichthefieldsareseparatedfromeachotherbycommas.
comma-separatedvaluefile(n)~Adatafileconsistingoffieldsandrecords,storedas
text,inwhichthefieldsareseparatedfromeachotherbycommas.
comma-separatedvaluesfile(n)~Adatafileconsistingoffieldsandrecords,storedas
text,inwhichthefieldsareseparatedfromeachotherbycommas.
comment(n)~Textembeddedinaprogramfordocumentationpurposes.Most
programminglanguageshaveasyntaxforcreatingcommentssothattheycanbe
recognizedandignoredbythecompilerorassembler.
comment(n)~Anoteorannotationthatanauthororrevieweraddstoadocument.
comment(n)~Acontributionorfeedbackleftbysomeoneviewingcontentonasite.
Someonewhoviewsaspace,photos,orfilescanleaveacomment,ifpermissionsallowit.
commentblock(n)~Aspecificallyformattedchunkoftextualinformationonapieceof
code.
commenthint(n)~Avisualindicatorthatdenotesthepresenceofacommentandopens
thecommentwhenclicked.
commentmark(n)~Amarkinsertedinadocumenttoshowwhereacommenthasbeen
added.
Comments(PN)~AfieldinaBusinessContactManagerforOutlookrecordthatenables
theusertowritenotesabouttheAccount,BusinessContact,Opportunity,orBusiness
Project.
Commentspane(PN)~Apanebesidethedocumentthatdisplaysallcommentsmadein
thedocument.
Commerceapplication(n)~ACommerceServerapplicationisalogicalrepresentationof
anapplicationinMicrosoftInternetInformationServices(IIS);itappearsinboth
CommerceServerManagerandtheIISconsoletrees.IntheIISconsoletreeanapplication
iseitherattherootdirectoryleveloftheWebsiteoratasubdirectoryleveloftheWeb
site.
CommerceModule(n)~AnextensiontotheASP.NETHTTPmoduleframework.
CommerceModulesareresponsibleforinitializingrun-timeservicesspecificto.NET-
basedCommerceServerapplications.CommerceModulesarederivedfromthe
Microsoft.CommerceServer.Runtime.CommerceModulebaseclass.ACommerceModule
isanHTTPmodule.
CommerceServerapplication(n)~ACommerceServerapplicationisalogical
representationofanapplicationinMicrosoftInternetInformationServices(IIS);it
appearsinbothCommerceServerManagerandtheIISconsoletrees.IntheIISconsole
treeanapplicationiseitherattherootdirectoryleveloftheWebsiteoratasubdirectory
leveloftheWebsite.
CommerceServerClassLibrary(n)~Acollectionofclasses,interfaces,andvaluetypes
thatareincludedintheCommerceServer.NETApplicationFramework.Thislibrary
providesaccesstorun-timeCommerceServerfunctionalityandisdesignedtobethe
foundationonwhich.NET-basedCommerceServerapplications,components,and
controlsarebuilt.
CommerceServerConfigurationWizard(n)~TheCommerceServerwizardusedto
configureCommerceServersecurity,suchasassigningdomainuseraccountsandtheir
correspondingpasswordsforCommerceServerservices,andforconfiguringthe
AdministrationandDirectMailerdatabases.
CommerceServerDirectMailer(n)~ACommerceServerglobalresourcethatsends
personalizede-mailmessagesfromaWebpage,ornon-personalizedmailingsfromaflat
textfile,tolargegroupsofrecipients.Itprocesseslistsofrecipients,constructs
personalizedmessagebodiesfromeitherWebpagesorstaticfiles,andsendsthemail
messagetotherecipients.UseCommerceServerManagertoconfigureandmanageDirect
Mailer,andtospecifythedatabaseconnectionstringtotheDirectMailerdatabase.
CommerceServerManager(n)~Asystemadministrationtoolthatyouusetomanage
andconfigureCommerceServerresources,sites,applications,andWebservers.
CommerceServerSetupinstallsitautomaticallywhenyouperformaWebServeror
Completeinstallation,orwhenyouselecttheAdministrationToolsfeatureduringa
Custominstallation.TheMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)hostsCommerceServer
Manager.
CommerceServersite(n)~AcollectionofsiteresourcesandASPorASP.NET-based
applicationsthatusetheseresourcesthroughtheCommerceServerobjectmodel.Witha
CommerceServersite,youcanadministertheapplicationsinthesiteasagroup.
CommerceServerStarterSite(n)~AsetofCommerceServerfeaturesthatarepre-
configuredandbundledintoapackagefile.Thepackagefileisdesignedtobeunpacked
andthencustomizedtomeettheneedsofyourorganization
commercial@(n)~TheseparatorbetweenaccountnamesanddomainnamesinInternet
e-mailaddresses.
COMMERCIALAT(n)~Theseparatorbetweenaccountnamesanddomainnamesin
Internete-mailaddresses.
commercialpress(n)~Ahighvolumeprintingmachinecapableofcreatingfull-colour
publicationsorotherprintedpieces.
commercialprinting(n)~Theprocessofproducingcopiesofdocuments,publications,or
imagesinhighvolume.
commercialunit(n)~ASurfaceunitthatisoptimizedtouseinauserenvironment(or
venue).Acommercialunitdoesnotincludethesoftwarethatisrequiredtodevelop
applicationsbyusingtheSurfaceSDK,suchasMicrosoftVisualC#2008Express
Edition.
commission(n)~Theamount,usuallyapercentageofthesalesamount,paidtothe
salespersonmakingthesale.
commissionoffset(n)~Aninterimmethodofrecordingcommissionuntilpaymentforthe
saleisactuallycollectedandpaidtothesalesperson.
commit(n)~Anoperationthatsavesallchangestodatabases,cubes,ordimensionsmade
sincethestartofatransaction.
CommitPreview(PN)~Thetitleofawindowthatdisplaysactionstobetakenduringthe
commitoperation.
commitment(n)~Thememorymanager’scurrentsystemwidetotalofmemorypagesthat
havebeencommittedtoeitherphysicalmemoryorapagefile.
commitment(n)~Apromiseorobligationtoperformanactivityinthefuture.
commitmentaccounting(n)~Apracticeofrecordingthefinancialconsequencesof
budgetfundreservationaccountingeventsinpre-encumbranceandencumbrancejournal
accountsforfinancialandmanagementreportingandanalysis.
committedbudget(n)~Theamountofmoneyallocatedforacertainprojectorresource.
committedcost(n)~Acommitmentmadebyalegalentitytoincuracostwhenafuture
obligationcomesdue.
committedmemory(n)~Thenumberofbytesthathavebeenallocatedbyprocesses,and
towhichtheoperatingsystemhascommittedaRAMpageframeorapageslotinthepage
file(orboth).
committedresource(n)~Aresourcethatisformallyallocatedtoanytaskassignments
theyhavewithinaproject.
commodity(n)~Interchangeableproductswithnophysicaldifferentiationthatare
suppliedbymultiplevendors.
commoditychannelindexformula(n)~Aformulathatcalculatesthemeandeviationof
thedailyaveragepriceofacommodityfromthemovingaverage.Avalueabove100
indicatesthatthecommodityisoverbought,andavaluebelow-100indicatesthatthe
commodityisoversold.
commoditycodehierarchy(n)~Acategoryhierarchythatorderscategoriesthatare
createdfromcommoditycodes.
commoditypricing(n)~Apricingstrategyforupdatingthepriceofsalesitemsproduced
fromcommoditiessubjecttofrequentpricechanges.
commongatewayinterface(n)~Aserver-sideinterfaceforinitiatingsoftwareservices.
Forexample,asetofinterfacesthatdescribehowaWebservercommunicateswith
softwareonthesamecomputer.AnysoftwarecanbeaCGIprogramifithandlesinput
andoutputaccordingtotheCGIstandard.
commongroups(n)~GroupsthatappearintheprogramlistontheStartmenuforall
userswhologontothecomputer.Onlyadministratorscancreateorchangecommon
groups.
CommonInformationModel(n)~Themodelthatdescribeshowtorepresentreal-world
managedobjects.CIMusesanobject-orientedparadigm,wheremanagedobjectsare
modeledusingtheconceptsofclassesandinstances.TheCIMisdividedintothe
metamodelandthestandardschema.Themetamodeldescribeswhattypesofentities
makeuptheschema.Italsodefineshowtheseentitiescanbecombinedintoobjectsthat
representreal-worlddevices.
CommonIntermediateFormat(n)~Avideoformatthathas352pixelsby288linesand
30fps.
CommonIntermediateLanguage(n)~Alanguageusedastheoutputofanumberof
compilersandastheinputtoajust-in-time(JIT)compiler.Thecommonlanguageruntime
includesaJITcompilerforconvertingthelanguagetonativecode.
CommonLabels(n)~Alabelforthefrequently-usedlabelsthatusersassigntotheir
photos.ThisappearsintheLibraryPreviewPanewhenmultiplephotosareselected.
CommonLanguageInfrastructure(n)~Aspecificationdescribinghowapplications
writteninmultiplehigh-levellanguagesmaybeexecutedindifferentsystem
environmentswithouttheneedtorewritetheapplicationstotakeintoconsiderationthe
uniquecharacteristicsofthoseenvironments.
commonlanguageruntime(n)~Theengineatthecoreofmanagedcodeexecution.The
runtimesuppliesmanagedcodewithservicessuchascross-languageintegration,code
accesssecurity,objectlifetimemanagement,anddebuggingandprofilingsupport.
commonlanguageruntimehost(n)~AnunmanagedapplicationthatusesasetofAPIs,
calledthehostinginterfaces,tointegratemanagedcodeintotheapplication.Common
languageruntimehostsoftenrequireahighdegreeofcustomizationovertheruntimethat
isloadedintotheprocess.
CommonLanguageRuntimesupport(n)~Theengineatthecoreofmanagedcode
execution.Theruntimesuppliesmanagedcodewithservicessuchascross-language
integration,codeaccesssecurity,objectlifetimemanagement,anddebuggingand
profilingsupport.
CommonLanguageSpecification(n)~Asubsetoflanguagefeaturessupportedbythe
commonlanguageruntime,includingfeaturescommontoseveralobject-oriented
programminglanguages.CLS-compliantcomponentsandtoolsareguaranteedto
interoperatewithotherCLS-compliantcomponentsandtools.
CommonLogFileSystem(PN)~Ageneral-purposeloggingservicethatcanbeusedby
softwareclientsrunninginuser-modeorkernel-mode.
commonmodel(n)~ThesecondlayeroftheCIMschema,whichincludesaseriesof
domain-specificbutplatform-independentclasses.Thedomainsaresystems,networks,
applications,andothermanagement-relateddata.Thecommonmodelisderivedfromthe
coremodel.
commonname(n)~Anamingattributefromwhichanobject’sdistinguishednameis
formed.Formostobjectclasses,thenamingattributeistheCommon-Name.Forexample,
auserobjectwithitsCNsettoJeffSmith’mighthaveadistinguishednameof‘CN=Jeff
Smith
commonobjectfileformat(n)~Aformatin32-bitprogrammingforexecutable(image)
andobjectfilesthatisportableacrossplatforms.TheMicrosoftimplementationiscalled
portableexecutable(PE)fileformat.
commonparameter(n)~Aparameterthatisaddedtoallcmdletsandadvancedfunctions
bytheWindowsPowerShellengine.
CommonRSSDataStore(n)~Acommondatastorewhichprovidesasinglelocation
whereapplicationscanaccesscontentthathasbeendownloadedtothePCviaRSS,
includingtext,pictures,audio,calendarevents,documentsandjustaboutanythingelse.
Allapplicationswillhaveaccesstothiscontentforcreatingrichuserexperiences.
CommonRSSFeedList(n)~AfeatureofWindowswhichmaintainsacommonlistof
theuser’ssubscriptionsacrossallapplications.Thisallowstheusertosubscribetoafeed
onceandhaveallRSS-enabledapplicationsabletoaccessthecommonlisttoviewthe
subscriptions.
commonscript(n)~Indatabaseunittesting,oneofthefollowingscripts:TestInitializeor
TestCleanup.
CommonStructureServices(PN)~ThemechanisminTeamFoundationfordescribinga
featurehierarchy.
CommonTableExpression(PN)~Atemporaryresultsetthatisdefinedwithinthe
executionscopeofasingleSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,orCREATEVIEW
statement,similartoaderivedtableinthatitisnotstoredasanobjectandlastsonlyfor
thedurationofthequerybutdifferentfromaderivedtable,aspossiblybeingself-
referencingandreferencedmultipletimesinthesamequery.
commontypesystem(n)~Thespecificationthatdetermineshowthecommonlanguage
runtimedefines,uses,andmanagestypes.
communicatesrelationship(n)~Inausecasediagram,arelationshipthatdefineshowan
actorparticipatesinausecase.Youcanaddanarrowtotherelationshiptoindicatethe
directiontheinformationflows.
communicationchannel(n)~Amediumfortransferringinformation.Dependingonits
type,acommunicationschannelcancarryinformation(data,sound,and/orvideo)ineither
analogordigitalform.Acommunicationschannelcanbeaphysicallink,suchasthecable
connectingtwostationsinanetwork,oritcanconsistofsomeelectromagnetic
transmissionononeormorefrequencieswithinabandwidthintheelectromagnetic
spectrum,asinradioandtelevision,orinoptical,microwave,orvoice-grade
communication.
CommunicationHistory(n)~Thesection,locatedontheBusinessContactManager
menu,thattracksinteractionswithcustomersbylinkingitemstorecords.
CommunicationHistoryfolder(n)~Afolder,accessiblefromtheBusinessContact
Managermenu,thatcontainsallcommunicationhistoryitemsandtherecordstheyare
linkedto.
communicationhistoryitem(n)~Anitemsuchasanappointment,businessnote,e-mail
message,file,ortaskthatislinkedtoanAccount,BusinessContact,Opportunity,or
BusinessProject.
communicationpathway(n)~Anestablishedconnectionbetweentwoendpoints,eachon
separateserversorzones.Theconnectionmayadditionallybeconfiguredwithappropriate
communicationprotocols.
communicationpattern(n)~Apropertythatdetermineswhetherthecommunicationon
theportisone-wayortwo-way(request-response).
communicationpreferences(n)~Aproduct’ssettingsthatenablecustomerstodetermine
howpeoplewhoalsousetheproductmayinteractwiththem.
communicationsettings(n)~Operatingparameters,suchasbitspersecond(bps)and
modemtype,thatapplytoserialportsonacomputer.
communicationschannel(n)~Amediumfortransferringinformation.Dependingonits
type,acommunicationschannelcancarryinformation(data,sound,and/orvideo)ineither
analogordigitalform.Acommunicationschannelcanbeaphysicallink,suchasthecable
connectingtwostationsinanetwork,oritcanconsistofsomeelectromagnetic
transmissionononeormorefrequencieswithinabandwidthintheelectromagnetic
spectrum,asinradioandtelevision,orinoptical,microwave,orvoice-grade
communication.
communicationslanguage(n)~Thelanguagechosenbyacompanyinwhichtheywant
toreceivee-mailmessagesandotherbusinesscommunicationsfromMicrosoft.
communicationslink(n)~Theconnectionbetweencomputersthatenablesdatatransfer.
communicationsport(n)~Aserialcommunicationsportusedtoconnectadevice,such
asamodem,printer,ormobiledevice,toacomputer.
communicationsprotocol(n)~Asetofrulesorstandardsdesignedtoenablecomputers
toconnectwithoneanotherandtoexchangeinformationwithaslittleerroraspossible.
Theprotocolgenerallyacceptedforstandardizingoverallcomputercommunicationsisa
seven-layersetofhardwareandsoftwareguidelinesknownastheOSI(OpenSystems
Interconnection)model.Asomewhatdifferentstandard,widelyusedbeforetheOSImodel
wasdeveloped,isIBM’sSNA(SystemsNetworkArchitecture).Thewordprotocolis
oftenused,sometimesconfusingly,inreferencetoamultitudeofstandardsaffecting
differentaspectsofcommunication,suchasfiletransfer(forexample,XMODEMand
ZMODEM),handshaking(forexample,XON/XOFF),andnetworktransmissions(for
example,CSMA/CD).
communicationsserver(n)~TheserverthroughwhichCommunicatorconnectswith
otherusers.
communicationsservice(n)~Theprogramthatrunstheserverthroughwhich
Communicatorconnectswithotherusers.
Communicator(n)~Aenterpriseinstantmessaging(IM)clientthatintegratesIM,
presenceawareness,andtelephony.Communicatoruserscansimultaneouslycontrol
multiplemodesofcommunication,includingIM,videoconferencing,telephony,
applicationsharing,andfiletransfer.
Communicator2005(n)~Theshortproductname,includingversion,forsecondand
subsequentuse.
Communicatorcall(n)~AVoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP)callthatisroutedtoallof
acontact’sdevicesthatarerunningOfficeCommunicator2007.Acontactcanreceivea
Communicatorcallonhisorhercomputeroronatelephonydevicethatisconfiguredfor
OfficeCommunicator2007.
CommunicatorTour(n)~InitialexperiencetourthatdescribesCommunicatorconcepts,
features,andusage.
CommunicatorWebAccessManager(n)~Aproductthatallowsyoutomanagea
CommunicatorWebAccessservicesfromacomputeronwhichtheMMChasbeen
installed.
community(n)~Thecollectiveofpeoplewhointeractthroughoruseonlineresources.
Community(PN)~Asitetemplatethatisdesignedtocreateanonlinecommunitywhere
peoplecometogethertoshareideasorgetanswerstotheirquestions.
CommunityBasic(PN)~OneoffivesupportlevelsforSharePointsolutionsprovidedby
thethirdpartydevelopmentcommunity.Itisthesecondinorderfromlowesttohighest
levelofsupport.
CommunityLimited(PN)~OneoffivesupportlevelsforSharePointsolutionsprovided
bythethirdpartydevelopmentcommunity.Itisthefirstinorderfromlowesttohighest
levelofsupport.
communityname(n)~AnamethatidentifiesgroupsofSimpleNetworkManagement
Protocol(SNMP)hosts.ThisnameisplacedinSNMPmessagesthataresentbetween
SNMP-manageddevicessuchasserversrunningWindowsServer2003andSNMP
managementstations.Typically,allhostsbelongtoPublic,whichisthestandardnamefor
acommoncommunityofallSNMPhosts.
CommunityPlatinum(PN)~OneoffivesupportlevelsforSharePointsolutions
providedbythethirdpartydevelopmentcommunity.Itisthefifthinorderfromlowestto
highestlevelofsupport.
CommunityPremium(PN)~OneoffivesupportlevelsforSharePointsolutions
providedbythethirdpartydevelopmentcommunity.Itisthefourthinorderfromlowest
tohighestlevelofsupport.
communityrepresentative(n)~Arolethatissimilartothecustomerservicerole,with
theadditionofbeingabletomanagepublicconversationsenabledandwiththefollowing
permissions:organizationread,BUappend,BUappendto,anduserdelete.
CommunityStandard(PN)~OneoffivesupportlevelsforSharePointsolutions
providedbythethirdpartydevelopmentcommunity.Itisthethirdinorderfromlowestto
highestlevelofsupport.
communitytechnologypreview(n)~Unsupported,prereleasesoftwareintendedtomake
thelatestworkingbuildofaparticularproductavailabletodevelopers.
COMP-1(n)~A4-byte,singleprecision,floating-pointRealdatatypethatspecifies
internalfloating-pointitems.Thesigniscontainedinthefirstbitoftheleftmostbyte,and
theexponentiscontainedintheremainingsevenbitsofthatbyte.Theremainingthree
bytesholdthemantissa.
COMP-2(n)~An8-byte,doubleprecision,floating-pointRealdatatypethatspecifies
internalfloating-pointitems.Thesigniscontainedinthefirstbitoftheleftmostbyte,and
theexponentiscontainedintheremainingsevenbitsofthefirstbyte.Theremaining
sevenbytesholdthemantissa.
COMP-3(n)~Apackeddecimaldatatypethatspecifiesinternaldecimalitemsstoredin
packeddecimalformat.Inthepackeddecimalformat,eachbyteinafieldrepresentstwo
numericdigitsexceptfortherightmostbyte.Therightmostbyteholdsonedigitandthe
sign.
compact(v)~Toreducethesizeofadynamicallyexpandingvirtualharddiskby
removingunusedspacefromthe.vhdfile.
compactdisc(n)~Anopticalstoragemediumfordigitaldata.
CompactDiscFileSystem(n)~A32-bitprotected-modefilesystemthatcontrolsaccess
tothecontentsofCD-ROMdrives.
compactdiscplayer(n)~Adevicethatreadstheinformationstoredonacompactdisc.A
compactdiscplayercontainstheopticalequipmentnecessaryforreadingadisc’scontents
andtheelectroniccircuitryforinterpretingthedataasitisread.
compactdiscread-onlymemory(n)~Aformofstoragecharacterizedbyhighcapacity
(roughly650MB)andtheuseoflaseropticsinsteadofmagneticmeansforreadingdata.
compactdisc-recordable(n)~AtypeofCD-ROMthatcanbewritten(onlyonce)ona
CDrecorderandreadonaCD-ROMdrive.
compactdisc-rewritable(n)~AtypeofCDonwhichfilescanbecopied,erased,and
replaced.
compactrowaxis(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertocompactorcollapserowswhen
viewingseverallevelsofdata.
CompactFlashcard(n)~Amemorycardthatissupportedbymanytypesofdevices.Itis
largerthanasecuredigitalcard.
compaction(n)~Theprocessofgatheringandpackingthecurrentlyallocatedregionsof
memoryorauxiliarystorageintoassmallaspaceaspossible,soastocreateasmuch
continuousfreespaceaspossible.
company(n)~Theparentbusinessunitofareportingentitywithinanorganization.
Companybusinessunitsdefinecompanygroupswithinanenterpriseorganization
structure.
Company(n)~IntheAddaContactWizard,thisisoneofthefieldsbywhichyoucan
searchforacontact.
company(n)~Acommercialorganizationorasmallbusiness.
Company(n)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatallowsamediumamountofinformation
tobeviewed,typicallyforpeopleinyourcompanyandforpeopleoutsideyourcompany
whoworkwithyou.
companyapp(n)~Theappsorhubsprovidedbyacompanythatuserscaninstallontheir
phonesoncetheyhaveenrolledinacompanyaccount.
companychain(n)~Agroupofcompaniesthatareunderthesameownershipand
management.
companydefinition(n)~Informationaboutacompanythatisusedtocreateareport.
companyhub(n)~Alineofbusiness(LOB)apphubwhereenterprisecustomerscan
featureanddistributedeveloped,packaged,andprivatelysignedappstotheiremployees.
companyinformation(n)~Informationspecifiedbyanexternalaccountorcontact.
companyknowledge(n)~Aneditablefieldofaruleormonitorinwhichyoucancapture
anyrelevantinformationabouttherequiredstepstoresolveanalertthatwasraisedbythe
ruleormonitor.
CompanyKnowledgeBase(n)~Afieldwhichspecifiesthecompany-provided
knowledgebaseinformationassociatedwiththerulegroup.Thisfieldisavailableonlyif
thereiscompany-providedknowledgebaseinformationassociatedwiththerulegroup.
companynetwork(n)~Anetworkofcomputers,printers,andotherdeviceslocated
withinarelativelylimitedarea(forexample,abuilding).ALANenablesanyconnected
devicetointeractwithanyotheronthenetwork.
companyphone(PN)~Themaintelephonenumberofacompany.Notthesameasan
individual’sworkphone.
companyreference(n)~Someonewithinacompanywhocanverifythestatusofthe
companyorthestatusofsomeoneelseasanemployeeofthecompany.
compa-ratio(n)~Theratiooffixedpayratetothegrademidpoint(orcontrolpoint)in
gradedcompensationplans.Theratioisusedasameasureofhowwellanemployeeis
paidrelativetothegradestructure.Theratioiscalculatedbydividingthefixedpayrateby
themidpoint;forexample,anemployeewithacompa-ratiooflessthan1.0ispaidless
thantherangemidpoint.Compensationplansaretypicallydesignedsothattheaverage
fixedpayrateofallemployeesatagivengradeequalsthemidpointoftherange.
comparator(n)~Adeviceforcomparingtwoitemstodeterminewhethertheyareequal.
Inelectronics,forexample,acomparatorisacircuitthatcomparestwoinputvoltagesand
indicateswhichishigher.
compare(v)~Tochecktwoitems,suchaswords,files,ornumericvalues,soasto
determinewhethertheyarethesameordifferent.Inaprogram,theoutcomeofacompare
operationoftendetermineswhichoftwoormoreactionsistakennext.
Compare(PN)~AfeatureintheClockappthatallowstheusertoinputanytimeandsee
itconvertedtotheequivalenttimeinanothertimezone.
Comparetimes(PN)~AfeatureintheClockappthatallowstheusertoinputanytime
andseeitconvertedtotheequivalenttimeinanothertimezone.
comparer(n)~Afunctionusedforcontrollingthecomparisoninsearch.
comparisoncriteria(n)~Asetofsearchconditionsthatisusedtofinddata.Comparison
criteriacanbeaseriesofcharactersthatyouwanttomatch,suchasNorthwindTraders
comparisonevaluator(n)~Afilterthatcomparesadevicecapabilitynametoavalue.
compartment(n)~Anabstraction(notaspecificstoragelocation)thatconsistsofoneor
moreisolatedstoragefiles,calledstores,whichcontaintheactualdirectorylocations
wheredataisstored.Anykindofdatacanbesavedinthestore.
compatibility(n)~Thedegreetowhichacomputer,anattacheddevice,adatafile,ora
programcanworkwithorunderstandthesamecommands,formats,orlanguageas
another.Truecompatibilitymeansthatanyoperationaldifferencesareinvisibletopeople
andprogramsalike.
compatibility(n)~Inreferencetosoftware,harmonyonatask-orientedlevelamong
computersandcomputerprograms.
compatibility(n)~Theextenttowhichawebsiteorwebpagedisplaysasthedesigner
expectsfromonebrowsertothenext.
CompatibilityAdministrator(PN)~Atoolthatenablesyoutocreateanddeploy
compatibilityfixes,compatibilitymodes,andAppHelpmessages,toresolveyour
compatibilityissues.
compatibilitychecker(n)~Afunctionthatverifiesthetechnologyiscompatiblewiththe
targetbrowser.
CompatibilityChecker(PN)~Afeaturethatidentifieselementsinyourfilethataren’t
supportedorwillbehavedifferentlyinadifferentformatorpreviousversionofthe
product.
compatibilityevaluator(n)~Acommand-lineprogramlaunchedbyACTDataCollector
andconfiguredbytheuserthroughthedatacollectionpackage(DCP)settingstocollect
andprocessyourapplicationinformation.Eachevaluatorperformsasetoffunctions,
providingaspecifictypeofinformationtoACT.Acompatibilityevaluatormayrun
immediatelyandexitoritmaycontinuetomonitorsystemactivitythroughoutthe
durationoftimeconfiguredbytheuser.
compatibilityfix(n)~AsmallpieceofcodethatinterceptsAPIcallsfromapplications,
transformingthemsothatWindowsVistawillprovidethesameproductsupportforthe
applicationaspreviousversionsoftheoperatingsystem.
compatibilitymode(n)~Afeatureofacomputeroroperatingsystemthatallowsittorun
programswrittenforadifferentsystem.
compatibilitymode(n)~Agroupofcompatibilityfixesfoundtoresolvemanycommon
appcompatibilityissues.
CompatibilityReport(PN)~Atoolthatchecksforissuesthatmightpreventadocument
fromdisplayingorprintingproperlyincurrentandpreviousversionsofMicrosoftOffice
forWindowsandMac.
compatibilitysolution(n)~Thesolutiontoaknowncompatibilityissue,asenteredbythe
user,Microsoft,oravendor.
compatibilityswitching(n)~TheprocessofrevertingtolegacycodewhenWindows
detectsthatanapplicationneedsittorunseamlesslyfortheenduser.
CompatibilityView(PN)~AviewmodeinInternetExplorerthatdetermineswhether
contentisrenderedasifuserswereviewingitinapreviousversionofInternetExplorer.
compatible(adj)~Pertainingtoaproductthatcanworkwithorisequivalenttoanother
product.
Compatible~Compatiblepiecesofequipmentcanworktogether;incompatibleones
can’t.
compelling(adj)~Persuasive,convincing,orattractive.
compensatingingredient(n)~Atypeofingredientinaformulawhosequantitiescanbe
adjusted.Thisadjustmentisbasedonthedifferencebetweenthequantitiesofactive
ingredientthatareestimatedandthequantitiesofactiveingredientinventorybatchesthat
arereservedbasedonthepotencyofactiveingredient.
compensation(n)~Agroupofactionsdesignedtoundoormitigatetheeffectofa
committedtransaction.
compensation(n)~Directorindirectmonetaryandnonmonentaryrewardsinexchange
forservicesrendered,oranawardfordamagessustainedbyaninjuryorbytheviolation
ofacontract.
compensationlevel(n)~Aninternalorderedclassificationthatdifferentiateslevelsofpay
withinacompensationstructure.
competency(n)~Arecognizedlevelofexpertisewithinagiventechnicaland/orbusiness
area.
competencytoolkit(n)~AsetofthetoolsrelevanttoaMicrosoftCompetency.
competition(n)~Businessesthatsellsimilarproductsorservicesandcompeteforthe
samecustomersegment.
CompetitionTracker(PN)~Abusinessapplicationthattracksdetailsandnewsabout
competitorsandcomparesone’skeyproductswiththoseofcompetitors.
competitor(n)~Anentitythatsellssimilarproductsorservicesandcompetesforthe
samecustomersegment.
CompetitorWinLoss(PN)~AreportintheMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuserinterfacethat
providesatableshowingeachcompetitor,thenumberofopenopportunitiesandclosed
opportunitiesagainsteachcompetitor,andthepercentageandratioofwonandlost
opportunities.
compiland(n)~Thebasicunitofcompilationortranslation.Aprojectusuallyconsistsof
severalcompilands(forexample,.cand.cppfiles)thatarecompiledtoproducea
correspondingobjectfile.Seealsofunction.
compilationerror(n)~Anerrorwhichoccurswhilecompilinganapplication.These
compilationerrorstypicallyoccurbecausesyntaxwasenteredincorrectly.
compile(v)~Totranslateallthesourcecodeofaprogramfromahigh-levellanguageinto
objectcodepriortoexecutionoftheprogram.
compiletime(n)~Theamountoftimerequiredtoperformacompilationofaprogram.
Compiletimecanrangefromafractionofasecondtomanyhours,dependingonthesize
andcomplexityoftheprogram,thespeedofthecompiler,andtheperformanceofthe
hardware.
compiletime(n)~Thepointatwhichaprogramisbeingcompiled(i.e.,mostlanguages
evaluateconstantexpressionsatcompiletimebutevaluatevariableexpressionsatrun
time).
compiledbinaryfile(n)~AnAccess2007database(.accdb)filewithallmodules
compiledandalleditablesourcecoderemoved.
compiledquery(n)~Aquerythathasbeenpre-compiledandcachedforthefuturereuse.
compiler~Asoftware-developmenttoolthattranslateshigh-levellanguageprogramsinto
themachine-languageinstructionsthataparticularprocessorcanunderstandandexecute.
compileroption(n)~Anoptionthatissetinthedevelopmentenvironmentbeforeafileis
compiled.
compilerwarning(n)~Awarningthatisissuedduetoacompilerproblem.
compile-timeerror(n)~Anerrorinascriptthatoccursifyoumistypeakeyword,forget
tocloseamulti-linecommand(suchasDO…LOOP),orintroduceasimilarmistake.Ifa
scriptincludesacompile-timeerror,thescriptwillnotexecuteandanerrormessageis
displayedassoonasthebrowserorserverprocessesthepage.Alsocalledasyntaxerror.
complementarycolors(n)~Colorsthatareoppositeeachotheronthecolorwheel,such
asyellowandblue.
completedatabaserestore(n)~Arestoreofafulldatabasebackup,themostrecent
differentialdatabasebackup(ifany),andthelogbackups(ifany)takensincethefull
databasebackup.
CompletePCBackup(n)~AtoolinWindowsVistathatbacksuptheentirecomputer
(OS,settings,andfiles).
CompletePCRestore(n)~AtoolinWindowsVistathatrestorestheentirecomputer
(OS,settings,andfiles).
Completethemerge(oth)~TheheadingforthelastMailMergestep,whichallowsthe
usertoselecthowthemergedpublicationorlettersareproduced.
completed(adj)~Thestateofhavingreachedthenormalorexpectedendtoaprogramor
process.
completedcontract(n)~Atypeofassessmentprinciplethatspecifiesthatrevenueand
costsarerecognizedwhencontractactivityiscompleted.
completedpercentage(n)~Atypeofassessmentprinciplethatspecifiesthatrevenueand
costsarerecognizedwhileworkprogresses.
completedstate(n)~Thestateofaworkflowinstancethathasfinishedprocessingand
acceptsnofutureinput,suchasmessages.Auser,whenterminatingorcancelingan
instance,completestheworkflow.
complexeventprocessing(n)~Thecontinuousandincrementalprocessingofevent
streamsfrommultiplesourcesbasedondeclarativequeryandpatternspecificationswith
near-zerolatency.
complexnetwork(n)~Atypeofoperationsnetworkinwhichsimultaneousoperations
takeplaceorinwhichoperationsoverlap,arecontingentoneachother,orhaveother
complexrelationships.
complexnumber(n)~Anumberintheforma+bi,whereaandbarerealnumbersandi
=sqrt(-1),sothatbiisimaginaryunlessb=0.
complexobject(n)~Aninstanceofacomplextypethatexistswithinanobjectcontext.
complexscript(n)~Alanguagewhosecharactersrequireligationorshaping,suchasa
right-to-leftlanguage(Arabic,Persian,Hebrew,andUrdu)orcertainSouthAsian
languages.
complextransition(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,arelationshipbetween
multiplesourceand/ortargetstatesoractionstates.
complextype(n)~Acompositetypethatrepresentsanon-scalarpropertyofanentity
type,whichenablesscalarpropertiestobeorganizedwithinentities.
complextype(n)~Anelementthatcancontainotherelementsorattributesandappearsas
<complexType>inanXMLdocument.
compliance(n)~Theadherencetostatedstandards.
compliance(n)~Meetinganorganization’svariousobligations,whichmayarisefrom
laws,regulations,rules,andmanyotherlegalinstruments,suchascourtjudgments,
litigation,andevencontracts.Specificandimportantexamplesoftheseobligations
includetheSarbanes-OxleyAct(SOX)andtheCaliforniaLawonNoticeofSecurity
Breach,formerlyknownasSB-1386.Theseregulatoryobligationsmaybecreatedby
manysources,suchasnationalandlocalgovernmentsandfromindustry-specific
oversightgroups,suchasthePaymentCardIndustryDataSecurityStandards.
ComplianceAdministrator(n)~Theroleresponsibleforsettingupandmaintaining
productcompliance.
complianceofficer(n)~Personresponsibleforensuringthatanorganizationcomplies
withthevariousregulationsandstandardsthatareimposedbygovernmentandother
regulatorybodies.
ComplianceSettings(n)~AConfigurationManagerfeaturethatallowsadministratorsto
define,monitor,andremediatenoncompliance.
ComplianceSettingsManager(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionsto
administrativeuserssothattheycandefineandmonitorComplianceSettings.
ComplianceSettingsManagerrole(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstodefine
andmonitorcompliancebyusingtheDesiredConfigurationCompliancefeature.
Administrativeuserswhoareassociatedwiththisrolecancreate,modify,anddelete
configurationitemsandbaselines.Theycanalsodeployconfigurationbaselinesto
collections,initiatecomplianceevaluation,andinitiateremediationfornoncompliant
computers.
ComplianceTechnologiesInternational(PN)~Acompanythatprovidesreporting
complianceservices.
compliant(n)~Meetingorfallingwithinasetofstandardsorguidelinesinthecreation
andproductionofaproduct.
compliantcard(n)~AcardthatmeetstherequirementsforuseinaWindowsPhone.
component(n)~Anobjectthatisreusableandcaninteractwithotherobjects.Note:
Everycontrolisacomponent,butnoteverycomponentisacontrol.
component(n)~Anyrawmaterial,ingredient,partoritemusedtoassemblea
subassembly,finishedgood,orusedaspartofakit.
component(n)~Ingeneral,amodularunitofcodethatactsaspartofalargersystemor
structure.ForCOM,aunitofcodebuilttodeliverawell-specifiedsetofservicesthrough
well-specifiedinterfaces.Acomponentprovidesanobjectthataclientrequestsatruntime.
component(n)~Ahardwareorsoftwareelementthatispartofalargersystemor
structure.
component(n)~Anadvertisingormediaitemthatyoucreate,suchasabrochure,
businesscard,letter,ad,webpage,poster,TVcommercial,radiospot,poster,tentcards
promotionalitem,pointofpurchasedisplay,orshelftalker.
componentconnection(n)~Theconnectionbetweentwocomponentnodesinthe
ApplicationFlowpanelinSketchFlow.
componentdatabase(n)~Acentraldatabasethatholdsthemetadatanecessarytodefine
oneormorecomponentizedOSs.Includesplatforms,components,repositories,resource
typesandgroups,butnotconfigurations.
componentdiagram(n)~Animplementationdiagramthatshowsthestructureofthe
codeitself.
ComponentExplorer(n)~Awindowthatshowsahierarchicalviewoftheprocess
engineeringcomponentsgroupedbycategory,suchasvalvesorpipelines.
ComponentGallery(n)~Acontainerforcatalogsofsoftwareobjectssuchasclass
libraries,forms,buttons,etc.
componentnode(n)~AnodeintheApplicationFlowpanelofaSketchFlowprototype
thatrepresentsascreen.
ComponentObjectModel(n)~Anobject-basedprogrammingmodeldesignedto
promotesoftwareinteroperability;itallowstwoormoreapplicationsorcomponentsto
easilycooperatewithoneanother,eveniftheywerewrittenbydifferentvendors,at
differenttimes,indifferentprogramminglanguages,oriftheyarerunningondifferent
computersrunningdifferentoperatingsystems.
componentregistrar(n)~Anobjectthatcanregisterandunregisterindividual
componentsinaDLL.
componentserver(n)~AserverthatrunsConfigurationManagerservices.Whenyou
installallthesitesystemrolesexceptforthedistributionpointrole,Configuration
Managerautomaticallyinstallsthecomponentserver.
ComponentServices(n)~AnextensionoftheCOM(ComponentObjectModel)
programmingarchitecturethatincludesarun-timeorexecutionenvironmentand
extensibleservices,includingtransactionservices,security,loadbalancing,andautomatic
memorymanagement.
componentsettingsdatabase(n)~Adatabasethatstoresserviceinformationforeach
portalsiteinadeployment.
componenttray(n)~ArectangularregionthatappearsatthebottomoftheWindows
FormsDesignerwhenitisinDesignview.Thecomponenttrayisacontainerfor
components,whicharecontrolsthatarenotvisible.Itappearsonlyafteracomponentis
addedtothecurrentformandprovidesawayforuserstoaccessandsetthepropertiesof
thosecomponents.
Component-BasedServicing(n)~AservicingmodelusedinWindowsinwhich
componentsareidentifiedbyanXMLmanifestcontainingthefullcontentsofthe
component.Multiplecomponentscanbeincludedinapackage,thecontentsofwhichare
alsoidentifiedinanXMLmanifest.
composable(adj)~Pertainingtotheabilitytoformcomplexqueriesbyusingquery
components(objectsoroperators)asreusablebuildingblocks.Thisisdonebylinking
querycomponentstogetherorencapsulatingquerycomponentswithineachother.
compose(v)~Tocreateanobject,suchasanemailmessage.
composedenvironment(n)~Avirtualenvironmentthatwascreatedfromvirtual
machines.ThosevirtualmachineswerecreatedoutsideofMicrosoftTestManagerandare
alreadydeployedonahostgroup.
composite(n)~Anaggregatedsetorgroupofobjectsthatisrecognizedasanobjectitself
(forexample,charactersinaparagraph,anamedrangeofcellsinaspreadsheet,ora
groupedsetofdrawingobjects).
compositeapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatconsistsofbothclient-sideandWeb-
basedcomponents.
compositebusenumerator(n)~Abusenumeratorforcompositedevices.
compositecharacter(n)~Atextelementconsistingofabasecharacterandadiacriticor
accentmark.AlthoughmostcommonintheLatinscript,otherscripts(includingGreek,
Devanagari,andTamil)alsohavecompositecharacters.
compositecontrol(n)~Acustomservercontrolthatconsistsofacustomcollectionof
otherservercontrolsaschildcontrols.
compositedatatype(n)~Adatatypewherethesumofthemembersislargerthanall
individualmemberstakentogether,suchasastructureoranarray.
compositedevice(n)~Achilddeviceofthecompositebusenumeratorthataggregates
multipletransportdevicesforasinglepointofaccess.
compositeindex(n)~Anindexthatusesmorethanonecolumninatabletoindexdata.
compositekey(n)~Akeywhosedefinitionconsistsoftwoormorefieldsinafile,
columnsinatable,orattributesinarelation.
compositeobject(n)~Ahigh-levelobjectmadeoftightlyboundparts.Acomposite
objectisaninstanceofacompositeclass,whichimpliesthecompositionaggregation
betweentheclassanditsparts.
compositeplan(n)~Aplanthatiscalculatedbysummingdiscretecomponentsandwhich
isusuallyassociatedwithaspanoftime.Thisisoftenanannualcashbonusplanorother
planthatdependsonmeasurablepastperformance.
compositestate(n)~Inastatechartdiagram,astatethathasbeendecomposedinto
concurrent(representingandrelationships)ormutuallyexclusive(representingor
relationships)substates.
CompositesRuntimeobjectmodel(n)~Anobjectmodelthatthatcanbeusedto
incorporateand/ormodifythebehaviorofacompositeatruntime.
compositing(n)~Theprocessofcombiningtwoimagestoformanewimage.Themost
commoncompositingoperationisanoveroperation,inwhichoneimageisplacedover
another,takingintoaccountthealphainformationofbothimages.
composition(n)~Anactivityflowcreatedfrommultipleactions.Compositioniscoreto
theHumanWorkflowServicessystem.
composition(n)~Oneormoreimagesthatarepositioned,arranged,ordered,and
proportionallyresizedaccordingtoauser’sspecificationswithinaDeepZoomComposer
project.
composition(n)~AnexportformatthatflattensagroupofimagesdefinedinaDeep
ZoomComposerprojectintoasinglehigh-resolutionimagethatisgeneratedatexport.
composition(n)~Awhole-partrelationshipinwhichthelifecycleofthepartobjectis
dependentonthelifecycleofthewholeobject.
compositionalhierarchy(n)~Asetofentitiesthatareconceptuallypartofahierarchy,
suchasaparententityandachildentity.Dataoperationsrequirethattheentitiesbe
treatedasasingleunit.
compoundcontrol(n)~Acontrolandanattachedlabel,suchasatextboxwithan
attachedlabel.
compoundfile(n)~Anumberofindividualfilesboundtogetherinonephysicalfile
whereeachindividualfilecanbeaccessedasifitwereasinglephysicalfile.
compoundfiledirectory(n)~Astructureusedtocontainper-streaminformationabout
thestreamsinacompoundfile.
compoundkeyframe(n)~Inananimationtimeline,atypeofkeyframethatindicatesthat
thepropertyhaschildpropertiesthathavesimplekeyframessetonthem.Youcanwork
withcompoundkeyframesinordertomodifylargegroupsofpropertiesatoncewitha
singleselection,forexamplewhenmovingkeyframesalongthetimeline.
compoundpath(n)~Apaththatismadeupoftwoormoresub-paths.
compress(v)~Toreducethesizeofasetofdata,suchasafileoracommunications
message,sothatitcanbestoredinlessspaceortransmittedwithlessbandwidth.
compress(v)~Toreducethetimeavailableforascheduledstoryboardtoreachitsfinal
state.
compresseddrive(n)~Aharddiskwhoseapparentcapacityhasbeenincreasedthrough
theuseofacompressionutility,suchasStackerorDoubleSpace.
CompressedSerialLineInternetProtocol(n)~AversionofSLIPusingcompressed
Internetaddressinformation,therebymakingtheprotocolfasterthanSLIP.
compression(n)~Aprocessforremovingredundantdatafromadigitalmediafileor
streamtoreduceitssizeorthebandwidthused.
compression(n)~Areductionofthetimeavailableforascheduledstoryboardtoreachits
finalstate.
Compression~Awayofmakingfilessmaller,eithertofitintorestrictedstoragespaceor
tospeeduptransmissionovertheInternet.Popularcompressionstandards
include-JPEG-and-GIF-forpictures,-MP3formusicfiles,-MPEG,MP4,
AVI-and-MOV-formoviefootage,and-zip-forjustabouteverythingelse.
compressionexclusionlist(n)~Alistoffilesthatarenotcompressedwhencapturingan
imageusingImageX.Somefilesdonotshrinkinsizewhencompressed.Whencapturing
animage,youcanidentifythesefilestoImageXtosavetime.Thesefileswillstillbe
captured,butImageXwillnotattempttocompressthem.
compressionlevel(n)~Theamountbywhichanimage’sfilesizeisreduced.Higher
compressionlevelsyieldsmallerfilesizesandshorterdownloadtimes.
compressionratio(n)~Theratiooftheuncompressedsizetothecompressedsizeofa
storedunitofdata.
compressionutility(n)~Asoftwareprogramthatreducesafile’ssizeforstorageona
disk.Ifacompressedfileistoolargetofitontoasingledisk,thecompressionutility
copiesitontomultipledisks.
computation-bound(oth)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofasituationinwhichthe
performanceofacomputerislimitedbythenumberofarithmeticoperationsthe
microprocessormustperform.Whenasystemiscomputation-bound,themicroprocessor
isoverloadedwithcalculations.
Compute(PN)~ThefamilyofcomputeservicesinMicrosoftAzure.
computecluster(n)~Alargearrayofprocessors(-€œnodes-€?),withaninfrastructureto
submitcomputationjobstotheclusternodesandcollectresults.
computeemulator(n)~ThesoftwareemulationoftheMicrosoftAzureComputeservice
thatrunsinthedeveloper’slocalenvironmentforapplicationtestinganddebugging.
computehour(n)~Aunitofmeasureoftimeforasubscriptiontoahostedservice
deployedandrunningintheMicrosoftAzurecomputeenvironment.Acustomeris
chargeddifferentratesfordifferentsizedcomputeinstances.
ComputeIntensiveBatchInstances(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheBatchservicefor
batchesthatrequirealargecomputepower.
computenode(n)~Aserverthatisaddedtoaclustertorunjobs.
ComputeServices(PN)~ThefamilyofcomputeservicesinMicrosoftAzure.
computedcolumn(n)~Avirtualcolumninatablewhosevalueiscomputedatruntime.
computedfield(n)~Avalueinaformattednotificationthathasbeencomputedbyusing
aTransact-SQLexpression.
computedgroup(n)~Agroupwhosemembershipisautomaticallydeterminedandkept
uptodatebyILMbyensuringthatthegroupcontainsalltheresources(suchaspeople,
groups,computers)thatfallwithintheconditionsthatareexpressedusingXPath.
computedgroupmember(n)~Amemberofagroupwhosemembershipisdynamically
calculatedbyadefinedfilter.
computedradiography(n)~Digitalradiographythatrecordsimageswhichareconverted
toelectronicsignalsanddigitizedsotheycanbestoredandmanipulatedbyacomputer.
computedtomography(n)~Atechniquethatproducesacomputer-processedX-ray
imageofacrosssectionofaninternalorganortissue.
computer(n)~Anydevicecapableofprocessinginformationtoproduceadesiredresult.
Nomatterhowlargeorsmalltheyare,computerstypicallyperformtheirworkinthree
well-definedsteps:(1)acceptinginput,(2)processingtheinputaccordingtopredefined
rules(programs),and(3)producingoutput.Thereareseveralwaystocategorize
computers,includingclass(rangingfrommicrocomputerstosupercomputers),generation
(firstthroughfifthgeneration),andmodeofprocessing(analogversusdigital).
Computer(n)~AnitemtheusercanselectintheOptionsdialogbox,Phonestab,from
theSelectthedefaultdeviceforcallingphonenumbers’drop-downlist.Whentheuser
selectsComputerasthedefaultdeviceforcallingphonenumbers
computeraccount(n)~Anaccountthatisonalocalsystemordomain.
computeradministrator(n)~Thepersoninchargeofmanagingacomputer.The
administratorisresponsibleforinstallingsoftware,assigningpasswords,andmanaging
files.
computeraudio(n)~TheuseoftheInternetProtocol(IP)fortransmittingvoice
communications.VoIPdeliversdigitizedaudioinpacketformandcanbeusedtotransmit
overintranets,extranets,andtheInternet.Itisessentiallyaninexpensivealternativeto
traditionaltelephonecommunicationoverthecircuit-switchedPublicSwitchedTelephone
Network(PSTN).VoIPcoverscomputer-to-computer,computer-to-telephone,and
telephone-basedcommunications.Forthesakeofcompatibilityandinteroperability,a
groupcalledtheVoIPForumpromotesproductdevelopmentbasedontheITU-TH.323
standardtotransmitmultimediaovertheInternet.
ComputerBrowserservice(n)~Aservicethatmaintainsanup-to-datelistofcomputers
thatshareresourcesonyournetworkandthatsuppliesthelisttoprogramsthatrequestit.
TheComputerBrowserserviceisusedtoviewalistofavailablenetworkresources.
computerbuildreport(n)~AreportgeneratedbyOEMsforeachOA3.0manufactured
computerwhichisthensenttoMicrosoftforprocessing.Thisreportincludesthehardware
hashvalueandProductKeyID.
computercall(n)~Afunctionthatallowsausertocallacomputer.
computerdetails(n)~Alistofcomputerpropertiesthatareconfiguredtodisplayand
provideinformationaboutaspecificcomputer.
computerdiscovery(n)~Aprocesstodiscovercomputersonthenetwork.
ComputerEntertainmentRatingOrganization(n)~Anon-profit,self-regulatory
organizationwhichappliesandenforcesinteractivegameratingsinJapan.
computergroup(n)~Acollectionofcomputerswithsomeattributeincommon.
Computergroupsaredefinedbycomputergroupingrulesforsimilareventmanagement.
computergroupingrule(n)~Arulethatcombinescomputerswithcommonattributes
intoagrouptobesimilarlymanagedandmonitored.
computerID(n)~Anumberthatuniquelyidentifiesaparticularcomputer.
computerlanguage(n)~Anartificiallanguagethatspecifiesinstructionstobeexecuted
onacomputer.Thetermcoversawidespectrum,frombinary-codedmachinelanguageto
high-levellanguages.
computername(n)~Auniquenamewithasmanyas15charactersthatidentifiesa
computertothenetwork.
computername(n)~Auniquenameforasubscriptioncomputerthatisspecifiedbythe
solutionprovider.ThisisthenamethatthesolutionprovidersubmitstotheProvisioning
Serverwhenconfiguringasubscriptioncomputerorqueryinginformationaboutthat
computer.Thecomputernameisanalphanumericstringofuptofiftycharacters.
computerprogram(n)~Asetofinstructionsinsomecomputerlanguageintendedtobe
executedonacomputersoastoperformsometask.Thetermusuallyimpliesaself-
containedentity,asopposedtoaroutineoralibrary.
computerrestrictions(n)~Settingsthatlimitoperatingsystemfunctionality;including,
privacyandsecurity.
ComputerSupportedTelecommunicationsApplications(PN)~Aninternational
standardestablishedbytheEuropeanComputerManufacturersAssociation(ECMA)that
specifiesanapplication’sinterfaceandprotocolsformonitoringandcontrollingcallsand
devicesinacommunicationsnetwork.
computertelephonyintegration(n)~Thepracticeofusingacomputertocontroloneor
moretelephoneandcommunicationsfunctions.
computerusagetime(n)~Anamountoftimethatisusedtowardcomputerorsoftware
access.
Computer-BrainInterface~interpretdistinctbrainpatterns,shiftsandsignalsas
commandsthatcanbeusedtoguideacomputerorotherdevice.
computerizedtomography(n)~Atechniquethatproducesacomputer-processedX-ray
imageofacrosssectionofaninternalorganortissue.
computer-to-computernetwork(n)~Atemporarynetworkusedforsharingfilesoran
Internetconnection.Inanadhocnetwork,computersanddevicesareconnecteddirectly
toeachotherinsteadoftoahuborrouter.
computingdevice(n)~Apieceofequipmentthatisusedforrunningprograms.
COM-structuredstoragefile(n)~Acomponentobjectmodel(COM)compoundfile
usedbyDataTransformationServices(DTS)tostoretheversionhistoryofasavedDTS
package.
concatenate(v)~Tojoinsequentially(forexample,tocombinethetwostringshello’and
‘there’intothesinglestring‘hellothere’).’
concatenation(n)~Theprocessofcombiningtwoormorecharacterstringsor
expressionsintoasinglecharacterstringorexpression,orcombiningtwoormorebinary
stringsorexpressionsintoasinglebinarystringorexpression.
concept(n)~Aunitofthoughtthatconsistsofcharacteristicsattributedtoanobject,a
relation,oranentityandthatcanbeexpressedinasymbol(e.g.,awordorphrase).
conceptualdesign(n)~Amajorstageinthedesignprocess,throughwhichtheproject
teamtranslatesthebusinessrequirementsintoacommonlanguagetobesharedbyusers
anddevelopers,anddescribesthefeaturesetand/orusagescenariosthatthesolutionmust
encompass.Conceptualdesignisanalogoustotheroughsketchesandscenarioscreated
whendesigningahouse.Theseareeasilyunderstoodmodelsjointlycreatedbythe
customerandthearchitect.
conceptualmodel(n)~Atoolusedintheanalysisphaseofsoftwaredevelopmenttohelp
decomposeaproblemintoindividualconceptsorobjectsandclarifythevocabularyofthe
domain.
conceptualmodel(n)~Anabstractspecificationfortheentitytypes,associations,entity
containers,entitysets,andassociationsetsinthedomainofanapplicationbuiltonan
EntityDataModel.
conceptualschemadefinitionlanguage(n)~AnXML-basedlanguagethatisusedto
definetheentitytypes,associations,entitycontainers,entitysets,andassociationsetsofa
conceptualmodel.
Concierge(PN)~ASurfaceapplicationfromMicrosoftwhereyoucancreatemapsand
menusforuserstonavigate,andyoucanhighlightspecificlocations,suchasyourvenue
locationsandlocationsinthesurroundingarea.Userscanbrowselocationsbycategories,
viewthelocationsonamap,browsethemap,andfinddrivingdirectionstothelocations.
ConciergeAdministrationwizard(n)~ThewizardthatyouusetoconfigureConcierge
initiallyandlateron.
concordancefile(n)~Anindexfilewithtwocolumns:thefirstcolumnliststhetextinthe
documentthatyouwanttoindex,andthesecondcolumnliststheindexentriestogenerate
fromthetextinthefirstcolumn.
concreteclass(n)~InWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI),aclassfromwhich
youcancreateaninstancebecauseithasafullimplementation.
concretepool(n)~Astoragepoolcreatedfromdisksinaprimordialpool.
concurrency(n)~Aprocessthatallowsmultipleuserstoaccessandchangeshareddataat
thesametime.TheEntityFrameworkimplementsanoptimisticconcurrencymodel.
concurrencymodel(n)~Awayinwhichanapplicationcanbedesignedtoaccountfor
concurrentoperationsthatusethesamecacheddata.WindowsServerAppFabricsupports
optimisticandpessimisticconcurrencymodels.
ConcurrencyRuntime(n)~AconcurrentprogrammingframeworkforC++that
simplifiesparallelprogrammingandhelpsdeveloperswriterobust,scalable,and
responsiveparallelapplications.
ConcurrencyVisualizerCollectionToolsforVisualStudio2013(n)~Acollectionof
toolsdesignedforVisualStudio2013,whichsignificantlyreducestheburdenofparallel
performanceanalysisandcanhelpdevelopersanalyzetheirsequentialapplicationsto
discoveropportunitiesforparallelism.
concurrent~Awaytomeasuretheusageofsoftwarelicenses.Ratherthanlimitingusage
basedonthenumberofpeoplewhoareentitledtousethesoftware,aconcurrent-use
licenseplacesalimitonthenumberofpeoplewhomaydososimultaneously.
concurrentexecution(n)~Theapparentlysimultaneousexecutionoftwoormore
routinesorprograms.Concurrentexecutioncanbeaccomplishedonasingleprocessorby
usingtime-sharingtechniques,suchasdividingprogramsintodifferenttasksorthreadsof
execution,orbyusingmultipleprocessors.
condition(n)~Thestateofanexpressionoravariable(forexample,whenaresultcanbe
eithertrueorfalse,orequalornotequal).
condition(n)~Anillnessorotherdefectivestateofhealth.
conditioncode(n)~Oneofasetofbitsthatareseton(1,ortrue)oroff(0,orfalse)asthe
resultofpreviousmachineinstructions.Thetermisusedprimarilyinassemblyor
machinelanguagesituations.Conditioncodesarehardware-specificbutusuallyinclude
carry,overflow,zeroresult,andnegativeresultcodes.
conditional(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofanactionoroperationthattakes
placebasedonwhetherornotacertainconditionistrue.
conditionalbranch(n)~Anelementofworkflowlogicthatdefinesanalternative
conditionandactionoradditionalsteps,incaseswhenthecriteriainaconditionelement
arenotmet.Alogical‘else-if-then’statementinaworkflow.
conditionalexpression(n)~AnexpressionthatyieldsaBooleanvalue(trueorfalse).
Suchexpressionscaninvolvecomparisons(testingvaluesforequalityor,fornon—-
Booleanvalues,the<[lessthan]or>[greaterthan]relation)andlogicalcombination
(usingBooleanoperatorssuchasAND,OR,andXOR)ofBooleanexpressions.
conditionalfilter(n)~AfilterthatallowsOperationsManagertoevaluatefurtherrules
butdoesnotinserteventsintothedatabaseunlessanotherrulematchoccurs.
conditionalfiltering(n)~Filteringafieldtoshowthetoporbottomnitemsbasedona
total.Forexample,youcouldfilterforthethreecitiesthatgeneratedthemostsalesorthe
fiveproductsthatareleastprofitable.
conditionalformat(n)~Aformat,suchascellshadingorfontcolor,thatExcel
automaticallyappliestocellsifaspecifiedconditionistrue.
conditionalformatting(n)~Formattingthatisappliedtocellcontents,formcontrols,
Outlookitemsorotherdatabasedononeormorelogicalconditions.
conditionalprimitivepreprocessing(n)~Alteringofstringsbasedontherequirements
ofindividualscriptengines.
conditionalprintcontrolcode(n)~Acodeinacolumndefinitionthatdisplaysordoes
notdisplayaspecifiedcolumn,dependingoncertainvariablesorvaluesinthecolumn
definition.Ifthevaluesorvariablesinthespecifiedreportcolumndonotmeetthe
conditionsofthecode,thecolumnisnotdisplayedorprintedinthereport.
conditionalreport(n)~Areportthatdisplaysorsuppressesportionsofthedataaccording
towhetherspecifiedconditionsaremet.
conditionalsalestax(n)~Asalestaxthatisreportedtothetaxauthoritywhentheinvoice
ispaid,incontrasttonormalsalestax,whichisreportedwhentheinvoiceiscreated.
conditionalspanningheader(n)~Aheaderinareportthatisautomaticallyupdatedeach
timethereportisgenerated,accordingtothebaseperiodthatisdefinedinthecolumn
definition.
conditionalsplit(n)~Arestoreofafulldatabasebackup,themostrecentdifferential
databasebackup(ifany),andthelogbackups(ifany)takensincethefulldatabase
backup.-
conditionalsumformula(n)~Aformulathatwillsumasetofvaluesthatmeetspecified
conditions.
conditionalvisibility(n)~Atypeofconditionalformattingthatallowsyoutospecify
whenacontrolisvisibleontheform.
conditions(n)~Asetofspecifiedconstraintsandparametersthatarepartoftherights
groupbundledintoarightslabel.Theseareenforcedatthetimeofconsumption.
coneangle(n)~Theanglebetweentheedgesofthespotlight’sbeam.Ifyoushinea
flashlightontheground,youwillnoticethatitdoesnotlightthegroundevenly,butthat
thelightgetsdimmerthefartherfromthecenteritgets.Theconeangledetermineshow
quicklythisfalloffhappens.
conechart(n)~Avariationonacolumnchartthatusesconeshapesinsteadofrectangular
columns.
Conference(n)~Atoolbarbuttonthatprovidestheuserwiththeservicethatallowsthree
ormorepersonstoconversetogetherinaphonecall.
Conference(PN)~Ascreenshowinganactiveconferencecall.
conference(n)~Aconversationbetweenthreeormorepeople,wherethecommunications
technologyisunknownornotspecified.
conference(n)~Atelephoneconversationbetweenthreeormorepeople.
Conference(PN)~Anassociationofsportsteamsthatplayeachother.
ConferenceAnnouncementService(PN)~Theservicethatimplementsin-conference
servicesformultiplePSTNusersatthesametime.Forexample,itcanbeusedtoplayan
entryorexittonetomultiplePSTNusersatthesametime.
conferencecall(n)~Atelephoneconversationbetweenthreeormorepeople.
conferencecenter(n)~Theserverlocation,specifiedbyaURL,forallLiveMeeting
sessionsconductedwithinanorganization.
ConferenceID(PN)~Afieldlabelfortheidentifierofaconferencethatisconducted
throughaconferencingserviceprovider.
conferencemode(n)~AGroovetalktooloptionthatallowsallmemberswhoselectitto
doaudio-chatatonceinsteadofoneatatime.
conferenceresource(n)~AMicrosoftExchangemailboxthatallocatesaspecificnumber
ofconnections.Theresourceservesasavirtualroomforyouronlinemeeting.Youinvite
theresourcetoanonlinemeetingjustasyouwouldreservearoomforameeting.
ConferencingAdd-inforMicrosoftOfficeOutlook(PN)~AMicrosoftOutlookadd-in
thatallowsyoutoscheduleaLiveMeetingorLyncorOfficeCommunicatorconference
callfromOutlook.
ConferencingAdd-inforMicrosoftOutlook(PN)~AMicrosoftOutlookadd-inthat
allowsyoutoscheduleaLiveMeetingorLyncorOfficeCommunicatorconferencecall
fromOutlook.
ConferencingAnnouncementservice(n)~Aunifiedcommunicationsapplicationthat
playstonesandpromptsoncertainactions,suchaswhenconferenceparticipantsenteror
leaveaconference,andwhenparticipantsaremutedorunmuted.Thisserviceis
automaticallyinstalledandactivatedbydefaultwhenyoudeployaConferencing
workloadandselectthedial-inconferencingoption.
ConferencingAttendant(PN)~Theserverapplicationthatmakesitpossibleforan
enterpriseuserwithoutaccesstoaunifiedcommunicationsclienttouseaPSTNphoneto
dialintoascheduledconference.ConferencingAttendantalsoprovidessuchauserwith
basicconferencecontrols.
conferencinginformation(n)~Theidentifier,password,andanyotherinformationthata
userneedstoparticipateinaconferencethatisconductedthroughaconferencingservice
provider.
ConferencingServerFactory(n)~Aservercomponentthatallocatesconferencing
serverstoameetingandreturnstheirURLstothemeetingFocus.
conferencingservice(n)~Aninternallyorexternallyhostedserviceforuserstohost
multipartyconferencesfromtheircomputers.
conferencingserviceprovider(n)~Anorganizationthatprovidescomputeraudio
conferenceservices,whichallowmorethantwopeopletoparticipateinaconferenceover
theircomputer’sInternetconnection.
confidentiality(n)~Abasicsecurityfunctionofcryptographythatensuresthatonly
authorizeduserscanreadoruseconfidentialorsecretinformation.Without
confidentiality,anyonewithnetworkaccesscanusereadilyavailabletoolstoeavesdrop
onnetworktrafficandinterceptvaluableproprietaryinformation.Forexample,anInternet
Protocolsecurityserviceensuresthatamessageisdisclosedonlytointendedrecipientsby
encryptingthedata.
configfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsmachine-readableoperatingspecificationsforapiece
ofhardwareorsoftwareorthatcontainsinformationonanotherfileoronaspecificuser,
suchastheuser’slogonID.
configset(n)~Afileandfolderstructurethatcontainsthenecessaryfilesand/or
configurationsettingsthatcontrolthepreinstallationprocessanddefinethemanufacturers’
custominformation.
configuration(n)~Theentireinterconnectedsetofhardware,orthewayinwhicha
networkislaidout—themannerinwhichelementsareconnected.
configuration(n)~Inreferencetoasinglemicrocomputer,thesumofasystem’sinternal
andexternalcomponents,includingmemory,diskdrives,keyboard,video,andgenerally
lesscriticaladd-onhardware,suchasamouse,modem,orprinter.Software(theoperating
systemandvariousdevicedrivers),theuser’schoicesestablishedthroughconfiguration
filessuchastheAUTOEXEC.BATandCONFIG.SYSfilesonIBMPCsandcompatibles,
andsometimeshardware(switchesandjumpers)areneededtoconfigurethe
configuration’toworkcorrectly.Althoughsystemconfigurationcanbechanged
configuration(n)~Thearrangementofparts,options,orfeaturestoproduceaproduct
thatmeetsaspecification,suchasacustomerorder.
Configuration(n)~Administrativeoptionsthatcontroltheinterfaceandfunctionalityof
theServiceDeskandSupportPortal.
configurationcontrol(n)~Theprocessofensuringthattheproductsenttothecustomer
isdesignedandarrangedasthecustomerspecified.
configurationdatabase(n)~TheMicrosoftSQLServer,MSDE,orWindowsInternal
databasethatcontainstheconfigurationinformationthatappliesacrossallserversina
deploymentofSharePointProductsandTechnologies,suchasWebapplication
information.
Configurationdatabaseservername(n)~AUIelement.Thenameoftheserveron
whichtheConfigurationdatabaseishoused.
configurationevent(n)~Aneventduringwhichimportantchangesaremadetothe
configurationstatewhichappreciablyhelpordegradetheabilityofenduserstodiagnose
softwareorhardwareproblems.
ConfigurationExport(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsadministratorstheabilitytobackup
andreplicatetheirconfiguration.
configurationfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsmachine-readableoperatingspecificationsfor
apieceofhardwareorsoftwareorthatcontainsinformationonanotherfileorona
specificuser,suchastheuser’slogonID.
configurationfile(n)~AnXMLfilewiththe.configfilenameextensionthatcontains
settingsforanapplication,Website,orserver.Commonconfigurationfilesinclude
Machine.configandWeb.config.
ConfigurationFramework(n)~Agenericmethodforprovidingchangesto
configurationatsetup.InconjunctionwiththeMicrosoftWindowsInstaller(MSI),the
ConfigurationFrameworkdeterminesthestateofyourcomputerandtheconfiguration
tasksrequiringaction.
configurationgroup(n)~Thelistofcomponentsinabillofmaterials(BOM)thatareto
beusedtogethertoproduceaparentitem.
configurationinheritance(n)~Theadoptionofconfigurationsettingsbyanobjectina
hierarchyfromanobjectthatishigherinthathierarchy.Forexample,aservicecaninherit
itsconfigurationsettingsfromtheapplication,Website,orserverwithwhichitis
associated.
configurationitem(n)~Anycomponentthatneedstobemanagedtodeliveraservice.In
ServiceManager,configurationitemsmightincludeservices,hardware,software,
buildings,people,andformaldocumentation,suchasprocessdocumentationandservice
levelagreements(SLA).
configurationitemclass(n)~Acollectionofconfigurationitems.Groupscancontain
membersofdifferentconfigurationitemsclasses(forexample,acomputerandauser).
configurationmanagement(n)~Theprocessofidentifyinganddefiningconfiguration
itemsinasystem,recordingandreportingthestatusofconfigurationitemsandrequests
forchange,andverifyingthecompletenessandcorrectnessofconfigurationitems.
ConfigurationManager(n)~TheWindowsPlugandPlaysystemcomponentthatdrives
theprocessoflocatingdevices,settinguptheirnodesinthehardwaretree,andrunningthe
resourcesallocationprocess.Eachofthethreephasesofconfigurationmanagement—boot
time,realmode,andprotectedmode—havetheirownconfigurationmanagers.
ConfigurationManager(n)~AnadministrativetoolincludedinDuetSettingsManager.
UserswithAdministratorprivilegesontheDuetclientcomputercanusethistooltoset
andmodifytheconfigurationsettingsfortheDuetclientcomponents.
ConfigurationManagerAdministratorconsole(n)~Theprimaryinterfacethatyouuse
toadministerConfigurationManager.
ConfigurationManagerApplicationCatalog(n)~Theweb-basedviewofthe
applicationsthatareavailableforausertosearch,browse,request,andinstall.
ConfigurationManagerclient(n)~AcomputerrunningConfigurationManagerclient
components.AclientcanbefurthercategorizedaseitheraLegacyClientoranAdvanced
Client.
ConfigurationManagerclientpolicy(n)~ConfigurationdetailsfortheConfiguration
ManagerClientthatareprovidedafterclientinstallation.
ConfigurationManagercollection(n)~AsetofresourcesinaConfigurationManager
site.Collectionsareusedtodistributesoftware,viewhardwareandsoftwareinventoriesof
clients,andaccessclientsforremotecontrolsessions.
ConfigurationManagerhardwareinventory(n)~AConfigurationManagerfeaturethat
automaticallygathersinformationabouthardwareonLegacyClientcomputersina
ConfigurationManagersite.
ConfigurationManagerhealthstatereference(n)~Areferencethatispublishedto
ActiveDirectorytorefertoConfigurationManagerNAPpolicyandstoredfortheSystem
HealthValidator(SHV)touseindeterminingpolicycompliance.
ConfigurationManagerhierarchy(n)~Acollectionofoneor,typically,more
ConfigurationManagersitesboundtogetherviachild-parentrelationships.
ConfigurationManagerinventory(n)~AConfigurationManagerfeaturethat
automaticallygathersinformationabouthardwareandsoftwareonAdvancedClient
computersinaConfigurationManagersite.
ConfigurationManagerobject(n)~AcomponentusedinConfigurationManager
softwaredistributionandsoftwareupdates—forexample,collections,advertisements,
programs,packages,deployments,andsoon.
ConfigurationManagerresource(n)~Anobject(suchasacomputer,arouter,orauser
group)thatcanbediscoveredandpotentiallybecomeaConfigurationManagerclientand
bemanagedbyConfigurationManager.Resourcesandclientscanbeorganizedinto
collections.
ConfigurationManagersite(n)~AcollectionofclientsandConfigurationManagersite
systemsthatareboundedbyagroupofsubnets,suchasIPsubnetsoranActiveDirectory
site,andthatarespecifiedbyaConfigurationManageradministratorasasite.
ConfigurationManagersitedatabase(n)~AMicrosoftSQLServerdatabasethatstores
ConfigurationManagersitedata,suchasdiscoverydata,configurationdata,andstatus
messagesandinventorydata.EveryprimarysitehasaConfigurationManagersite
database.TheserversupportingtheConfigurationManagersitedatabaseisautomatically
assignedthesitedatabaseserverrole.
ConfigurationManagerSoftwareCenter(n)~Theend-userprogramthatallowsthe
usertosetpreferencesforhowtheirsoftwareisinstalled.Enduserscanalsouse
ConfigurationManagerSoftwareCentertorequest,install,remove,andmonitorthe
softwarethatisdeployedbyusingSystemCenter2012ConfigurationManager.
ConfigurationManagersoftwaredistribution(n)~AConfigurationManagerfeature
thatautomaticallydistributessoftwareprogramstoclientcomputersinaConfiguration
Managerhierarchy.
ConfigurationManagersoftwareinventory(n)~
configurationobject(n)~Agenericuser-definedinstanceofanyofthedifferentkindsof
configurationsinILM2’
ConfigurationRole(PN)~AtypeofrolewithinSocialEngagementthatdefinesthe
permissionsauserhaswhensettingupsearchesandanalyzingtheresultingdata.
configurationroute(n)~Thesequenceinwhichconfigurationgroupsareselectedduring
theproductionprocess.
configurationrule(n)~Arulethatlimitstheitemsthatcanbecombinedtoproducea
manufacturedproduct.Aconfigurationruleappliestoaconfigurationgroup.
configurationsectionhandler(n)~Aclassthatimplementsthe
IConfigurationSectionHandlerinterface.Configurationsectionhandlerscontain
informationthatCommerceServer.NET-basedapplicationsreadatruntimetoconfigure
applicationsettings.
configurationset(n)~Afileandfolderstructurethatcontainsthenecessaryfilesand/or
configurationsettingsthatcontrolthepreinstallationprocessanddefinethemanufacturers’
custominformation.
configurationset(n)~AsetofActiveDirectoryLightweightDirectoryServices(AD
LDS)instancesthatshareandreplicatetheirconfigurationandschemapartitionsandthat
canalsobeconfiguredtoshareandreplicateapplicationdirectorypartitions.
configurationvariable(n)~Avariablethatspecifiesatestingrequirement,suchasa
hardwareorsoftwarerequirement.Eachconfigurationvariablehasasetofallowable
valuesassociatedwithit.-
ConfigurationWizard(PN)~Thesemi-automatedtoolforplanningandexecuting
directorysynchronization.
configure(v)~Tosetuphardwareandsoftware.
ConfigureDataSourceWizard(n)~Agraphicalinterfacewhereprogrammerscandefine
theappropriatedetailstoconfigurethedatasourceinafeweasysteps.
configure-to-order(n)~Pertainingtotheprocessofmanufacturingacomputeraccording
toacustomer`sspecificationbycustomizingapre-existingimageofamasterinstallation.
confirm(v)~Toacknowledgeanactionorthevalueofsomedata(e.g.password)by
definiteassurance.
confirm(v)~Toaffirmthepastoccurrenceofaneventinasystem.
confirmationdialogbox(n)~Adialogboxinwhichauserconfirmsthatheorshewants
aspecifiedactiontooccur,usuallybyclickingOK.
confirmationmessage(n)~Analertthatisshowntoprompttheusertoagreetothe
actionbeingtaken.
confirmationofreceiptpolicy(n)~Apolicythatprescribesthefunctionallocationwhere
thephysicalacceptanceofitemstakesplace.
confirmationpage(n)~ApagethatisdisplayedinaWebbrowser,confirmingthatdata
enteredintoaformhasbeensuccessfullysubmitted.
Confirmationtimeout(PN)~Amenuitemthatallowstheusertosetthedelaybeforean
unconfirmedactiontimesout.
confirmedreceiptdate(n)~Thedatethesellingcompanyconfirmsthatacustomeror
vendorwillreceivethegoods.
confirmedshipdate(n)~Thedatethatthesellingpartyconfirmsthattheitemswillship
toacustomerorvendor.
conflict(n)~Anitemthathasbeenchangedonboththemobiledeviceanddesktop
computer.
conflict(n)~Theinabilitytoperformtwoormoreactivitiesbecausetheyhavebeen
scheduledtooccurduringthesametimeperiodandwiththesameresourceorresources.
conflictdetection(n)~Theprocessofdeterminingwhichoperationsweremadebyone
replicawithoutknowledgeoftheother,suchaswhentworeplicasmakelocalupdatesto
thesameitem.
conflictresolutionmethod(n)~Themethodthatisusedtodeterminewhichchangeis
writtentothestoreintheeventofaconflict.Typicalconflictresolutionmethodsareas
follows:lastwriterwins,sourcewins,destinationwins,custom,ordeferred.Forcustom
resolution,theresolvingapplicationreadstheconflictfromtheconflictlogandselectsa
resolution.Fordeferredresolution,theconflictisloggedtogetherwiththeconflicting
changedataandthemade-withknowledgeofthechange.
conflictresolver(n)~Aspecialmechanismwhichhandlesresolvingofconflictsituations.
conform(adj)~Tobeinaccordancewithrequirements,specifications,orexplicit
expectations.
conforming(Adverb)~Inaccordancewithrequirements,specifications,orexplicit
expectations.
CongestionController(PN)~AMediaCenterplug-inthatisusedforadvancednetwork
flowmanagement,andinparticulartoavoidorlimitnetworkcongestion.
connect(v)~Toassignadriveletter,port,orcomputernametoasharedresourcesothat
youcanuseit.
Connect(v)~Thenameofamenufromwhichtheusercansignin,signout,changesign-
ininformation,andviewandmodifystatussettings.
connect(v)~Tojoinorlink.
connect(PN)~OneofthepivotsforacontactpinnedtoyourStartscreen,whereyoucan
findallyourappsthroughwhichyoucanconnectwiththatcontact.
connecttime(n)~Theamountoftimeduringwhichauserisactivelyconnectedtoa
remotecomputer.Oncommercialsystems,theconnecttimeisonemeansofcalculating
howmuchmoneytheusermustpayforusingthesystem.
ConnecttoaProjector(n)~AwizardthatispartoftheNetworkPresentationfeatureof
WindowsVista.Thiswizardfindsandconnectstoavailablenetwork-attachedprojectors
onthelocalnetwork.
ConnectedAccounts(PN)~Afeaturethatletsusersreceiveandsendmailfromothere-
mailaccountsinOutlookWebApp.Theycanaddanddeletethoseaccounts,checktheir
accountsynchronizationstatus,andmanagee-mailfromthoseaccountsintheirInbox
usingInboxrules.
connecteddatasource(n)~Adirectory,database,file,orotherdatarepositorythatis
typicallyoffsiteandthatneedstobeaccessedremotely.
ConnectedFrames(n)~AWindowsfeaturethatenablesdevelopersanddesignersto
buildpaginatedcontent.TheycantakeasinglestreamofHTMLcontentcontainingtext
andimages,andsegmentthatstreamintomultiplecontainersdefinedinanHTML
templateacrossmultiplepages.ConnectedFramesprovidesadeclarativemechanismto
linkandflowHTMLcontentacrossafinitesetofframeswithvariablepositionandsizing
thathavebeendefinedeitherstaticallyordynamically.ConnectedFramesalsoprovidesa
setofprogrammaticinterfaceswhichallowdeveloperstodetectwhencontentoverflow
hasoccurredonaConnectedFrame,determinewhennomorecontentisavailablefor
fragmentation,exposestheentiredocumentassociatedwithasetofConnectedFrames,
andexposesfragmentcontentassociatedwithaspecificConnectedFrame.
connectedgraph(n)~Agraphwhereforanytwonodesinthegraph,thereisapath
betweenthembyfollowingedges.
connectednetwork(n)~InMSMQ,anetworkthatcontainscomputersthatareall
interconnected.
connectedobjectscope(n)~Afilterthatidentifiesobjecttypesfromasourcedirectory
basedonaparticularcondition,forexampleUsers,Computers,Printers.
connectedobjecttype(n)~TheobjecttypeintheconnectedsystemtowhichtheILM
objectsareconnected.
connectedstandby(n)~ThestatethatenablesaPCtoturnoninstantlyandhavetilesand
otherservicesupdateevenwhenthescreenisoff.
connectedsystemobjectcreationflag(n)~Aparameterofasynchronizationruleto
indicatewhetheranobjectshouldbecreatedintheconnectorspaceiftherelationship
criteriaarenotmet.
connectedsystemscope(n)~Afilterthatdefineswhatobjectsontheconnectedsystemto
includeinthetargetsystem.
connectedTV(n)~ATVthatisconnectedtoyourWindowsMediaCenterwithaMedia
CenterExtender,suchastheXbox360,toenableyoutoshareentertainmentthroughout
yourhome.
connecteduser(n)~Auserwhohasaccesstoacomputeroraresourceacrossthe
network.
connection(n)~Alinkviawire,radio,fiber-opticcable,orothermediumbetweentwoor
morecommunicationsdevices.
connection(n)~Someonewithwhomauserhasestablishedamutualsocialrelationship
onathird-partyservicethatreferstosucharelationshipasaconnection.
connectionaccount(n)~AnaccountthatprovidesaccesstoaresourcesuchasaWebsite
oradatabase.
connectionagreement(n)~AconfigurablesectionintheADCuserinterfacethatholds
informationsuchastheservernamestocontactforsynchronization,objectclassesto
synchronize,targetcontainers,andthesynchronizationschedule.
ConnectionDirector(PN)~Aconnectivitytechnologywhereapplicationsbasedon
differentdataaccesstechnologies(.NETornativeWin32)cansharethesameconnection
information.Connectioninformationcanbecentrallymanagedforsuchclient
applications.
ConnectionFilteragent(n)~Ananti-spamagentthatisenabledoncomputersthathave
theMicrosoftExchangeServer2007EdgeTransportserverroleinstalled.
ConnectionManager(PN)~Anareathatshowsavailablenetworkconnectionsandhelps
usersquicklyconnecttothemostappropriateone.
connectionmanager(n)~Alogicalrepresentationofarun-timeconnectiontoadata
source.
ConnectionManagerAdministrationKit(PN)~Atoolforcreating,editing,and
managingConnectionManagerprofiles.TheConnectionManagerisaclientdialer.
connectionobject(n)~AnActiveDirectoryobjectthatrepresentsareplication
connectionfromonedomaincontrollertoanother.Theconnectionobjectisachildofthe
replicationdestinationsNTDSSettingsobjectandidentifiesthereplicationsourceserver,
containsareplicationschedule,andspecifiesareplicationtransport.Connectionobjects
arecreatedautomaticallybytheKnowledgeConsistencyChecker(KCC),buttheycan
alsobecreatedmanually.Automaticallygeneratedconnectionsmustnotbemodifiedby
theuserunlesstheyarefirstconvertedintomanualconnections.
connectionpoint(n)~Ahandleonashapetowhichyoucangluetheendpointsofa1-D
shapesuchasaconnectorshape.
connectionpoint(n)~ASystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.ConnectionPointobject
associatedwiththeproviderandconsumercontrolsthatparticipateinWebParts
connections.Aconnectionpointmanagestheexchangeofdatabetweenthecontrols.
Providersandconsumerseachhavetheirownconnectionpoints.
connectionspeed(n)~Themaximumrate,inbitspersecond,atwhichdatacanbe
transferredbetweenanetworkandacomputerordevice.
connectionstring(n)~Aseriesofargumentsthatdefinethelocationofaresourceand
howtoconnecttoit.
connectionstring(n)~Astringthatcontainstheparametersnecessarytoaccessa
MicrosoftAzurestorageaccount.
connectiontimeout(n)~Theamountoftimeallottedforaconnectiontothedatabaseto
takeplace,whichwhenreachedcausesanerrormessagetobegeneratedanddisplayedin
theWebbrowser.
connectiontype(n)~ThetypeofWebPartconnection.Forexample,theProvideRowTo
connectiontypepassesarowofdatafromoneWebParttoanotherWebPart.
connectionless(adj)~Incommunications,of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofamethod
ofdatatransmissionthatdoesnotrequireadirectconnectionbetweentwonodesononeor
morenetworks.Connectionlesscommunicationisachievedbypassing,orrouting,data
packets,eachofwhichcontainsasourceanddestinationaddress,throughthenodesuntil
thedestinationisreached.
connectivity(n)~Theabilityofhardwaredevicesorsoftwarepackagestotransmitdata
betweenotherdevicesorpackages.
connectivity(n)~Theabilityofhardwaredevices,softwarepackages,oracomputeritself
toworkwithnetworkdevicesorwithotherhardwaredevices,softwarepackages,ora
computeroveranetworkconnection.
ConnectivityExplorer(n)~Awindowthatshowspipelinecomponentsandall
componentstowhichthepipelineisconnected.
connector(n)~Asoftwarecomponentdesignedtosupportconnectionsbetweenproducts.
connector(n)~Inprogramming,acircularsymbolusedinaflowcharttoindicateabreak,
astoanotherpage.
connector(n)~Inhardware,acouplerusedtojoincablesortojoinacabletoadevice
(forexample,anRS-232-Cconnectorusedtojoinamodemcabletoacomputer).Most
connectortypesareavailableinoneoftwogenders—maleorfemale.Amaleconnectoris
characterizedbyoneormoreexposedpins;afemaleconnectorischaracterizedbyoneor
morereceptacles—socketsorjacks—designedtoacceptthepinsonthemaleconnector.
Connector(n)~Acommunicationsserviceusedtoexchangedocumentswithyourtrading
partnersoryourinternalsystems.
connector(n)~Anyone-dimensional(1-D)shapethatcanbegluedbetweentwoshapes
inadrawingtoconnecttheshapes.
connectorapplication(n)~ForMessageQueuing,anapplicationthatenablesMessage
Queuingcomputerstocommunicatewithcomputersthatuseothermessagingsystems.
connectorframework(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatcanbeusedtoconnecttoadata
source,andindexandincludedatafromthatsourceinsearchresults.
connectorpoint(n)~AnelementintheOrchestrationDesignerthatenablesusersto
connectaSend/Receiveshapewiththeoperationofaport.
connectorqueue(n)~ForMessageQueuing,aqueuecreatedonserversrunninga
connectorapplication.Youcanusetheconnectorapplicationtoexchangemessageswith
computersthatarerunningothermessage-queuingproducts.
connectorspace(n)~Astagingareathatcontainsrepresentationsofselectedobjectsand
attributesinaconnecteddatasource.
connectorspaceobject(n)~Anobjectintheconnectorspacethatiseithercreatedbya
dataimportfromtheconnecteddatasourceorbyprovisioning.Theseobjectshold
attributevaluesthatcanbeimportedorexportedfromcorrespondingobjectsinthe
connecteddatasourceorthemetaverse.
consentprompt(n)~Adialogboxthatappearswhenauserisrequestedtoconfirm
whetheranadministrativeprocessshouldbepermittedtostart.Theusercanapprovethe
processbyclickingContinueorcanceltheprocessbyclickingCancel.
consistency(n)~Theabilityofatransactiontochangeasystemfromoneconsistentstate
toanotherconsistentstate.
consistencycheck(n)~TheprocessbywhichDPMchecksforandcorrects
inconsistenciesbetweenaprotectedvolumeanditsreplica.Aconsistencycheckis
performedonlywhennormalmechanismsforrecordingchangestoprotectedvolumesand
forapplyingthosechangestoreplicashavebeeninterrupted.
consistencyunit(n)~Theminimalunitofdatasynchronization.Becauseallchangesthat
havethesameconsistencyunitaresenttogether,synchronizationcanneverbeinterrupted
withpartofaconsistencyunitapplied.
consistencyunit(n)~Theboundaryofdatathatiskeptconsistentforagivenserviceand
canbemovedaroundintheclusterduetofailoversandloadbalancing.
console(n)~Aframeworkforhostingadministrativetools,suchasMicrosoft
ManagementConsole(MMC).Aconsoleisdefinedbytheitemsinitsconsoletree,which
mightincludefoldersorothercontainers,WorldWideWebpages,andother
administrativeitems.Aconsolehaswindowsthatcanprovideviewsoftheconsoletree
andtheadministrativeproperties,services,andeventsthatareactedonbytheitemsinthe
consoletree.
Console~Nowadaysusuallyreferstoadedicatedgamingcomputersuchasthe
PlaystationorX-Box.Originallymeantaterminalconnectedtoamainframecomputer.
consoleroot(n)~ThetopnodeinanMMCsavedview(.mscfile).
consolescope(n)~IntheOperationsManagerOperationsConsole,adefinitionoftheset
ofcomputergroupsforindividualOperationsManagerusers.Aconsolescopelimitsthe
usertoseeingonlythosecomputersthatareinthecomputergroupsassociatedwiththe
consolescope.
consoletree(n)~TheleftpaneinMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)thatdisplays
theitemscontainedintheconsole.Theitemsintheconsoletreeandtheirhierarchical
organizationdeterminethecapabilitiesofaconsole.
consolidate(v)~Inlogging,tomergetheinformationwrittentodifferentlogfilesina
singlelogfileor,moretypically,toadatabase(suchasaSQLServerdatabase)thatcanbe
processedbyloganalysistools.
consolidatedinvoice(n)~Avendorinvoicethatdocumentsasumofproductquantities
andmonetaryamountsfrommorethanonereferencedvendorinvoice.
consolidatedorder(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsmorethanonereferenced
order.
consolidatedproject(n)~Aprojectcontainingoneormoreinsertedprojects.Thesecan
retainlinkstotheirsourceprojectsandmaybelinkedtooneanother.
consolidatedsourcedocument(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsasumofproduct
quantitiesandmonetaryamountsfrommorethanonereferencedsourcedocumentofthe
sameclass.
consolidation(n)~Theprocessofproducinganaccountingoftheearningsofaparent
companyanditssubsidiaries,postacquisition,wheretheparentisthecompanywith
controllinginterest.
consolidationaccount(n)~Themainaccountintheparentlegalentitythatisusedfor
ledgerconsolidation.
consolidationopportunity(n)~Apotentialcost-savingseventobtainedbygrouping
approvedrequisitionlineitemsinordertonegotiateamorefavorablepricewithvendors.
Consolidator(PN)~InMOM2000,afeaturethatcollectsandsendscollected
informationfromagentsthroughtheDAStothedatabase.
constant(n)~Anumericorstringvaluethatisnotcalculatedand,therefore,doesnot
change.
constantattenuation(n)~Theintensityofabeamoflightthatdoesnotdiminishasit
getsfurtherfromthelightsource.
constantbitrate(n)~Acharacteristicofadatastreaminwhichthebitrateremains
nearlyuniformforthedurationofthestream.
constantbuffer(n)~Asingle-elementvertexbufferthatallowsdeveloperstoefficiently
supplyshaderconstantsdatatothepipelineandstoretheresultsofthestream-output
stage.
constantconsumption(n)~Specificationthatthevolumeorquantityofacomponent
usedinafinisheditemisfixed,regardlessofthenumberofitemsproducedorreportedas
finished.
constantexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatiscomposedonlyofconstantsand,hence,
whosevaluedoesnotchangeduringprogramexecution.
constantscrap(n)~Thequantityofaparticularcomponentthatisexpectedtobe
scrappedduringproductionregardlessofthenumberofitemsproduced.
constituent(n)~Apersonwhoisassociatedwith,orwhoisamemberof,anon-profit
organization.
constrainedcall(n)~Amethodforinvocationofinterfacemethodsonvaluetypes.
constraineddelegation(n)~Theabilitytospecifythataserviceorcomputeraccountcan
performKerberosdelegationtoalimitedsetofservices.
constrainedfield(n)~Afieldthathascertainrestrictions,suchasnoimagesallowed.
constraint(n)~Alimitationorarestriction.
ConstraintService(n)~AserviceresponsibleforansweringHWSconstraints-related
queryingbyevaluatingconstraintclausesthatarebasedonfactsprovidedbythefactstore
managerandtherelevantfactretrievers.
constraintviolation(n)~Aviolationthatoccurswhentherestrictioncriteriaarenot
satisfied.
Constraint-basedconfiguration(n)~Aconfigurationtechnologythatusesconstraintsto
developproductmastersandtoconfiguredistinctproducts.
construct(n)~Astructuredpieceofcodeformedfromvarioussyntaxelements.Examples
areexpressions(try…with,if…then…else,etc.),functiondefinitions(let…=…),and
typedeclarations(type…=…).
constructedgenerictype(n)~Agenerictypewhosegenerictypeparametershavebeen
specified.Aconstructedtypeormethodcanbeanopengenerictypeifsomeofitstype
argumentsaretypeparametersofenclosingtypesormethods,oraclosedgenerictypeif
allofitstypeargumentsarerealtypes.
constructor(n)~Aspecialinitializationfunctionthatiscalledautomaticallywheneveran
instanceofaclassisdeclared.Thisfunctionpreventserrorsthatresultfromtheuseof
uninitializedobjects.Theconstructormusthavethesamenameastheclassitselfandmust
notreturnavalue.
constructorstring(n)~Aninitializationstringthatisadministrativelyspecifiedfora
component.Itispossibletospecifyaconstructorstringwhenacomponenthasbeen
writtenspecificallytorecognizethestring.
consult(v)~Toconferwiththecallrecipientbeforetransferringacalloraddingthecall
recipienttoaconferencecall.
consume(PN)~Apostingwhichregisterswhichitemswereused,howmuchtimewas
spentandwhatcostswereincurredforaservice.Thistypeofpostingdoesnotincreasethe
amountforwhichthecustomerwillbeinvoiced.
consumed(adj)~Pertainingtotheitemsused,timespentandcostsincurredduring
servicingthatarenotincludedintheinvoicetothecustomer.
consume-firstmode(n)~Oneofthetwostatementcompletionmodesthatareprovided
byIntelliSense.Consume-firstmodeisusedwhenclassesandmembersareusedbefore
theyaredefined.
consumer(n)~InaWebPartsconnection,aservercontrolthatreceivesdatafroma
providercontrolandprocessesordisplaysit.Aconsumercanbeanytypeofserver
control,butmustbedesignedtofunctionasaconsumer.Aconsumermusthaveaspecial
callbackmethodmarkedwithaConnectionConsumerAttributeattributeinthesource
code.Thismethodreceivesdatafromtheproviderintheformofaninterfaceinstance.
consumerendpoint(n)~Anendpointwhereanapplicationorsystemusesaservice.
consumergood(n)~Agoodthatiscreatedforconsumeruserratherthanbusinessuse.
consumption(n)~Theitemsused,timespentandcostsincurredduringservicingthatare
notincludedintheinvoicetothecustomer.
consumptiondepreciationmethod(n)~Amethodofdepreciationbasedontheusageof
theasset.
consumptionfactor(n)~Afactor,specifiedasaquantityorpercentage,thatisusedto
calculatedepreciationproposalsforvaluemodelsassociatedwithdepreciablefixedassets.
consumptionstatement(n)~Areportoftheconsumedcostforaproject.
consumptionunit(n)~Aunitthatisusedtoenterunitpriceandcalculatedepreciation
proposalsforvaluemodelsassociatedwithdepreciablefixedassets.
contact(n)~Aperson,insideoroutsideyourorganization,forwhomyouhavecreatedan
entrywhereyoucansaveseveraltypesofinformation,suchasstreetande-mailaddresses,
telephoneandfaxnumbers,andWebpageURLs.
contact(n)~Anindividualwhoisinterestedindoingbusinessorwhocurrentlydoes
businesswithyourorganization.Acontactmayormaynotbepartofalargerorganization
(account).
contact(n)~Apersonwhoseinformation,suchasIDoremailaddress,hasbeenaddedby
theusertotheircontactlistortoanaddressbook.
contact(n)~AnyinputontheSurfacescreenbyavalidinputtype(finger,blob,ortagged
object).
contactcard(n)~Apresentationofinformationaboutacontact,includingpresencestatus
andactivity.
ContactCenterDesktop(PN)~AnimplementationofUserInterfaceIntegration(UII)
intendedtofocusonMicrosoftDynamicsCRMastheprimaryhostedcontrol.
contactflyout(n)~Aflyoutthatprovidesinformationaboutacontactandallowstheuser
toconnectwiththecontactdirectlyfromanapp.
contactform(n)~Aviewofanindividualcontactthatcontainsalltheinformationstored
inthecontact.
contactgroup(n)~Acollectionofe-mailaddressesthatistreatedasasinglerecipientfor
e-maildistributionpurposes,andthatiscreatedbyandavailabletoanindividualOutlook
user.
contactgroup(n)~Auser-specifiedcollectionofcontacts.
Contactindex(n)~Asetofbuttonsusedtomovethroughcontactitemsdisplayedin
AddressCardsorDetailedAddressCardsview.TheContactindexmovesthefocustothe
firstcontactwhosenamebeginswiththeselectedcharacter.
Contactinfo(PN)~Thelinktothepagewhereusersenterinformationforthemethodsby
whichtheycanbecontacted,suchasMessenger,homephone,mobilephone,ande-mail.
contactinformation(n)~Information,suchasname,phonenumber,emailaddress,or
address,thatisusedtocontactsomeone.
contactitem(n)~AnitemthatrepresentsacontactintheExchangestore.
contactlinking(n)~Theprocessoflinkingcontactsthatrepresentthesameperson.This
enablesyoutoviewinformationfrommultiplecontactsinasinglecontactcard.
contactlist(n)~Alistofpeople,groups,ororganizationswithwhomyoucommunicate.
contactmanagement(n)~Theprocessofmanagingbusinessand/orsocialcontactsin
ordertofollowup,trackconversations,etc.
ContactManager(PN)~Afeaturethathelpssmallbusinessesbuild,track,andgrow
relationshipswithcustomers.Itenablesuserstoorganizecustomerrelationsandtosetup
acentralizedlocationthatcoworkerscanaccessforcontactandsalesinformationabout
customersandorganizations.
contactnote(n)~Anannotationinaconversationwindowthatcontainscontact-specific
informationthatmaybeimportantforcallhandling.
contactobject(n)~Anobject,similartoauserinActiveDirectory,thatholdsOffice
CommunicationsServerconfigurationinformation,suchasitsroutingandstorage
settings.
contactperson(n)~Apersonwhoactsasaconnectiontoanotherorganizationorgroup,
orwhoprovidesspecialinformation.
contactperson(n)~Anindividualorapersoninanotherorganizationwhoworksforthe
companythatyouinteractwith.
contactpicker(n)~Acontactlistdesignedforusewithinaformforselectingcontacts.
Userscanclickacontacttoselectitandmaymakemultipleselectionsbyusing
CTRL+click.
ContactQuickForm(n)~UIbuttonthatallowsausertoopenaformtoeasilyenter
contactinformationwithoutopeningarecordform.
contactrequest(n)~AmessageaskingtoaddoraddingaSkypeusertoanotheruser’s
contactlist.
Contactrequests(PN)~ThetabontheFamilySafetywebsitethatdisplaysrequestsa
childhasmadeviae-mailtohavenewcontactsadded.
ContactSupport(PN)~?TheappexperiencebuiltintoWindowsthatgivescustomersa
waytocontactMicrosoftandthird-partysupportforhelpwiththeirPC.
Contacts(n)~EntriesintheAdministrationCenterformainpersonnel,technical
personnel,andbillingpersonnelwithinthespecifiedorganization.
Contacts(PN)~TheUIlabelinMessengerfortheresultslistofacontactssearch.
Contactslist(n)~Alistofpeople,groups,ororganizationswithwhomyoucommunicate.
containeddatabase(n)~ASQLServerdatabasethatincludesalloftheuser
authentication,databasesettings,andmetadatarequiredtodefineandaccessthedatabase,
andhasnoconfigurationdependenciesontheinstanceoftheSQLServerDatabaseEngine
wherethedatabaseisinstalled.
containedsubgroup(n)~Agroupofcomputersthatisalsopartofanothergroup.
container(n)~Anabstractionforassociatingoneormoreentitiestoarelationaldatabase
orotherstore.
container(n)~Adirectoryobjectthatcancontainotherdirectoryobjects.InActive
Directory,theschemadefinitionofeachobjectclassdeterminesthetypesofobjectsthat
canbecontainersofinstancesoftheclass.
container(n)~Acontrolflowelementthatprovidespackagestructure.
container(n)~Ahandlingunitforshippingandreceivingitems.
container(n)~AnapplicationthatcontainsalinkedorembeddedOLEobjectfrom
anotherapplication.
container(n)~Alogicalgroupingofentityandassociationsets.
container(n)~Anobjectthatcancontainoneormorechildobjects.
container(n)~InHTMLorXHTML,atagpairthatcontainscontent(suchasa<p>tag)
asopposedtooneconsistingsolelyofthetagnameandattributes(standalonetags).
container(n)~AShellitemthatcancontainotheritems.
container(n)~Auser-definedsetofblobswithinastorageaccount.Acontainerresource
hasnoassociatedcontent,onlypropertiesandmetadata.
containerapplication(n)~AnapplicationthatcontainsalinkedorembeddedOLEobject
fromanotherapplication.
containercontrol(n)~AtypeofASP.NETmobilecontrolthatcontainsothercontrolsand
providesvisualgroupingsofcontrolsandcontent.
containerelement(n)~Anobjectthatcancontainoneormorechildobjects.
containerfile(n)~Filesthatcanholdotherkindsoffiles(suchas*.ZIP,*.RAR,and
*.JAR).Also,MicrosoftOfficefilesthatusestructuredstorageandtheOLEembedded
dataformat(forexample,*.DOC,*.XLS,*.PPT,*.SHS)areconsideredcontainerfiles.
containerformat(n)~Ametafileformatthatidentifiesandinterleavesdifferentdata
types,suchasaudioandvideostreams,subtitles,chapter-information,andmetadata(tags)
-€”alongwiththesynchronizationinformationneededtoplaythevariousstreams
together.
ContainerName(PN)~Inmailforwarding,thenameoftheobjectthatbundlese-mail
accountsforforwarding.
containerobject(n)~Anobjectthatcanlogicallycontainotherobjects.Forexample,a
folderisacontainerobject.
containmentrelationship(n)~Inamodel,theinclusionofoneobjectinasetofobjects
thatallhavesomethingincommon,toindicatesometypeofadministrativegrouping.
ContemporaryChristian(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenre
classificationinWindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatfor
MP3audiofiles.WinampgenreID#140.
contemporaryview(n)~ASharePointviewthatprovidesanoptimizedmobilebrowser
experienceforusersandrendersinHTML5.
content(n)~Thedatathatappearsbetweenthestartingandendingtagsofanelementin
anSGML,XML,orHTMLdocument.Thecontentofanelementmayconsistofplaintext
orotherelements.
content(n)~Audio,video,images,text,oranyotherinformationthatiscontainedina
digitalmediafileorstream.
content(n)~Theinformationinacampaignthatisintendedtobecommunicatedto
marketinglistmembersaboutthecampaign.Forexamplethiscontentcouldbethedialog
foraphonecallorthebodytextofane-mailmessage.
content(n)~Audio,video,images,text,oranyotherinformationthatpresentersshare
withparticipantsduringameeting,includingresources,collaborativeslides,andsharing
slides.
Content(PN)~AnoptionontheViewsmenuinWindowsExplorerthatshowsthemost
appropriatedetailsforthefiletypeinaflexiblelayoutratherthanonlyshowingthedetails
associatedwiththecolumnheadersintheview.
contentaccessaccount(n)~AnaccountusedtocrawlWebsites,serversandnetwork
resourcesincludedinacontentindex.
ContentAdvisor(n)~AtoolinMicrosoftInternetExplorerthatletsyoucontrolwhich
sitesusersonyourcomputercanvisit.Thisisparticularlyhelpfulforparentswhowantto
controlthecontenttheirchildrenviewontheWeb.
contentapp(n)~AnappforOfficethatisembeddedinthebodyofaclientapplication
window,inlinewithcontent.
contentappforOffice(n)~AnappforOfficethatisembeddedinthebodyofaclient
applicationwindow,inlinewithcontent.
contentapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatisusedtocreatecontent,suchasagraphic
designapplication,acomputer-aideddesignapplication,oranindustry-specificcontent
generatingapplication.
ContentbyQuery(PN)~AWebPartthatqueriesdatafrommultiplesourceswithinasite
collectionandpresentsthatdatainacustomview.
contentclass(n)~AWebStorageSystemcontentclassdefinestheintentorpurposeofan
itemalongwiththenamesofpropertiesthatareintendedforitemsinthisclass.
contentcontrol(n)~Acontroldesignedtocontaincontentsuchasplaceholderorsample
textorimagesthatisupdatedbytheuser,orpre-definedlistsofitemsfromwhichusers
canselect.
contentconversion(n)~Theprocessoftransforminge-mailmessagesfromoneformatto
anotherforthepurposeofmailfloworstorage,suchasMAPItoMIME,oruuencodeto
Base64encoded,orforappropriaterenderingthatisspecifictoane-mailclient,suchas
HTMLtoRTFtoplaintext.
contentdatabase(n)~TheMicrosoftSQLServerorWMSDEdatabasethatcontainsthe
contentforoneormoreSharePointsites.
contentdeliverynetwork(n)~Adistributedsystemofserversdeployedinmultipledata
centersthatcachecontentfromoriginserversandthenserveittocustomers.Thisaction
reducestheloadontheoriginserversandprovideshigh-availabilityandperformanceto
customers.
ContentDeliveryNetwork(n)~TheMicrosoftAzurecachingservicethatstoresblobsat
strategicallyplacedlocationstoprovidemaximumbandwidthfordeliveringcontentto
users.
contentdeployment(n)~Theactofexportingobjectssuchasresources,templates,and
galleriesfromasourcesystemandimportingthemtoadestinationsystem.Acommon
applicationismovingdatafromadevelopmentservertoaproductionserver.
ContentExpiration(n)~AUIelementthatallowsausertosettheperiodoftimethat
contentremainsonaLiveMeetingserverandisavailabletoparticipants,afterwhichitis
deleted.
contentformatter(n)~Thepartofthedistributorthatturnsrawnotificationdatainto
readablemessages.
contentheader(n)~PartofthefilestructureofaWindowsMediafilethatcontains
informationnecessaryforaclientcomputertodecompressandrenderthecontentdata.In
apackagedfile,anadditionalcontentheaderexistsandcontainsthekeyID,contentID,
andlicenseacquisitionURL.Thiscontentheadercanalsoincludearequired
individualizationversionnumberandattributesdefinedbythecontentprovider.
contentindex(n)~Thefull-textindex,pointertothepropertystore,andotherdatathat
describescontentacrosscontentsources,scopes,andservers.
contentindexserver(n)~Aserverthatisdedicatedtocreatingandupdatingcontext
indexes.
contentindexing(n)~Theprocessofcreatinganindexofthecontent.
contentkey(n)~Thecryptographickeyusedtobothencryptanddecryptprotected
contentduringpublishingandconsumption.
contentlibrary(n)~Adatarepository,inwhichitemssuchastext,textboxes,pictures,
tables,shapes,etc.canbestoredandre-usedwithinthesamedocumentandacross
multipledocuments.
contentmanagement(n)~Thecollection,storing,andsharingofinformationinasingle
systemwheremanyuserscanaccessit.
contentmaster(n)~Aslidetemplatethatdefinesdefaultformattingorthepositionof
placeholdersforoneormoreslidesinapresentation.
ContentOrganizer(PN)~AfeatureoftheRecordsCenterthatcanautomaticallyroute
incomingrecords(whethersubmittedautomaticallyormanually)totheirproperlocation,
basedontheirrecordtype.
contentowner(n)~Thepersonororganizationthatcontrolsaccesstoprotectedcontent.
contentpage(n)~Apagethatcontainsthecontenttobemergedwithamasterpagein
ordertorenderascompletewebpage.
contentpane(n)~InCommerceServerBusinessDesk,thewindowinwhichactionpages
arerendered.
contentpresenter(n)~Aslotinthetemplateofacontrol(e.g.abutton)intowhichyou
canplacecontentwithoutaddingitdirectlytothetemplate.
ContentProtection(PN)~TheAzureMediaServicessolutionfortoken-based
authorizationforbothAESClear-keyandMicrosoftPlayReadylicensedelivery.
contentprovider(n)~Broadly,anindividual,group,orbusinessthatprovides
informationforviewingordistributionontheInternetoronprivateorsemiprivate
intranetsorextranets.Contentinthissenseincludesnotonlyinformationbutalsovideo,
audio,software,listingsofWebsites,andproduct-specificmaterialssuchasonline
catalogs.
contentprovider(n)~AnorganizationthatpreparescontentforpostingontheWeb.
ContentQuery(PN)~AWebPartthatqueriesdatafrommultiplesourceswithinasite
collectionandpresentsthatdatainacustomview.
contentrating(n)~Avalueassignedtoanitemofmediacontentthatindicatesits
suitabilityforaparticularaudience.
contentregion(n)~Theareainsidecontentplaceholders.
contentreplication(n)~AmethodofcopyingWebsitecontentfromoneservernodeto
another.Youcancopyfilesmanually,orusereplicationsoftwaretocopycontent
automatically.Replicationisanecessaryfunctionofclusteringtoensurefaulttolerance.
contentrevocation(n)~Aprocessbywhichcontentownersorcontentpackagerscan
disablelicensesfortheirownpackagedfiles.
contentrevocationstring(n)~Astringthatisgeneratedbythecontentownerorcontent
packagerandisbasedontheirpublicandprivatesigningkeys.Thisstringissharedwith
thelicenseissuer,whoincludesitinalllicenses.Computersthatreceivealicensewiththis
stringarenolongerabletoplayfilespackagedwiththatparticularsigningkeypair.
contentscoping(n)~Theabilitytocontrol(onafolderbasis)whichfilecontentsare
downloadedtodocumenttoolsonuserdevices.
ContentSearch(PN)~AWebPartthatperformsasearchusingacustomizablequeryand
presentstheresultsinacustomview.
ContentSelectionFramework(n)~Adevelopmentframeworkforthetargeteddelivery
ofcontent.TheContentSelectionFramework(CSF)providesthecomponentsyouuseto
buildabusiness-specificmessagingsystem.CSFprovidesaplatformformakinghigh-
speeddecisionstotargetcontenttousers.
ContentSelectionPipeline(n)~Theinfrastructurethatlinkstogetherthestagesand
pipelinecomponentsnecessarytogather,filter,score,andselectcontent.
contentsize(n)~Heightandwidthvalues(bypixel)foryourcontent.
contentslideshow(n)~AprocessthatautomaticallydisplayseachslideorpageinaLive
Meetingresource,oneatatime,foraspecifiedtimeinterval.
contentsource(n)~Asetofoptionsthatyoucanusetospecifywhattypeofcontentis
crawled,whatURLstocrawl,andhowdeepandwhentocrawl.
contentsteward(n)~Auserroleforanindividualwhoownsormaintainsadocument
repository,andwhoisresponsibleforconfiguring,customizing,andcreatingsitefeatures.
contenttemplate(n)~Adesigntemplatethatalsocontainstextsuggestionsoneachslide.
Youreplacethetextsuggestionswiththetextthatyouwant.Acontenttemplatecontainsa
slidemasterandanoptionaltitlemaster.
contenttoolbar(n)~TheRTE(RichTextEditor)toolbarusedtocreateandformattext
andimages.
contenttype(n)~Agroupofreusablesettingsthatdescribesthesharedattributesand
behaviorsofalistitem,adocument,orafolder.
Contentview(n)~TheviewinWindowsExplorer(offeredinWindows7andlater)that
displaysthemostrelevantcontentforeachitembasedonitsfilenameextensionorKind
association.
contentzone(n)~TheareasonthePageEditorwhereuserscanaddcontenttothebody
oftheirWebpage.
content-basedrouting(n)~Theroutingofadocumentbasedontheinformationextracted
fromthepayloadofthedocument.
contention(n)~Onanetwork,competitionamongstationsfortheopportunitytousea
communicationslineornetworkresource.
Contents(n)~Thelistingofcontentsatthebeginningofadocumentorfile.
Contents(PN)~Abuttonthatopensthecurrentdocument’stableofcontentsinapane.
Userscanpinthepanetothedocument,andwhentheyscrollthroughthedocument,the
tableofcontentsdynamicallyhighlightsthesectiontheyarein.
context(n)~Anorderedsequenceofpropertiesthatdefineanenvironmentfortheobjects
residentinsideit.Contextsarecreatedduringtheactivationprocessforobjectsthatare
configuredtorequirecertainautomaticservicessuchassynchronization,transactions,
just-in-timeactivation,security,andsoon.Multipleobjectscanliveinsideacontext.
context(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,anabstractionofanoperatingsystemthread.
context(n)~AstructureintheEntityFrameworkthatrepresentstheentitycontainerthat
containsaconnectiontotheunderlyingdatasourceandprovidesservicessuchaschange
trackingandidentityresolution.AcontextisrepresentedbyaninstanceoftheDbContext
orObjectContextclass.
contextcontrolblock(n)~Aninternalfilesystemstructureinwhichafilesystem
maintainstheper-fileobjectstateforanopeninstanceofafile.
contextfield(n)~OneoffourfieldsofanSCODE.ThisfieldisreservedintheSCODE
on16-bitplatformsanddoesnotexistintheversionfor32-bitplatforms.
contextID(n)~Auniquenumberorstringthatcorrespondstoaspecificobjectinan
application.ContextIDsareusedtocreatelinksbetweentheapplicationand
correspondingHelptopics.
contextmenu(n)~Amenuthatisrelatedtotheactivewindoworitem,accessibleby
right-clickingthemouse.
contextmenuitem(n)~Acommanddisplayedintheshortcut(context)menu.Examples
includeopenandprint.
contextobject(n)~Apatternthatprovidesaplacetostorescopeorcontextrelated
informationorfunctionalitythatautomaticallyfollowstheflowofexecutionbetween
executionscopesordomains.
Contextpane(n)~AtreeviewincludedintheTableDesignerthatlistsobjectsrelatedto
atable.
contextproperty(n)~Theimplicitstate,andcodetomanagethatstate,heldonbehalfof
anobjectinstance.Forexample,thetransactioncontextpropertyholdsthetransaction
identifierofthetransactionthattheobjectisparticipatingin.
contextswitch(n)~Thechangingoftheidentityagainstwhichpermissionstoexecute
statementsorperformactionsarechecked.
context-sensitiveHelp(n)~Aformofassistanceinwhichaprogramthatprovideson-
screenhelpshowsinformationtotheuserconcerningthecurrentcommandoroperation
beingattempted.
contextual(adj)~Specifictotheconditionsinwhichsomethingexistsoroccurs.
contextualmenu(n)~Amenuthatisrelatedtotheactivewindoworitem,accessibleby
right-clickingthemouse.
ContextualSpelling(oth)~Anenhancedspell-checkfeaturethatlooksatwordsbeforeor
afterthewordinquestiontoassessproperusage.Thisallowsthesoftwaretoflag
correctly-spelledwordsas‘wrong’iftheusageappearstobeincorrect.
contextualtab(n)~Atabthatisavailableonlywhenanobjectinapageisselected.
contiguous(adj)~Havingasharedboundary;beingimmediatelyadjacent.Forexample,
contiguoussectorsonadiskaredata-storagesegmentsphysicallylocatednexttoone
another.
contiguousselection(n)~Aselectionthatconsistsofasetofobjectsthatarelogically
sequentialoradjacenttoeachother.
contiguoussubtree(n)~Anyunbrokenpathinthetree,includingallmembersofany
containerinthatpath.
contingencyplan(n)~Aplanforaddressingrecognizedrisksthatmayariseduringthe
courseofaproject.Theplanidentifiesalternativestrategiestobeusedtoensureproject
successifspecifiedriskeventsoccur.
continuableerror(n)~Anon-accessviolation.Anerrorthatdoesnotpreventan
applicationfromcontinuing.
continuationmedia(n)~Theseriesofremovablebackupmediausedaftertheinitial
mediumbecomesfull,allowingcontinuationofthebackupoperation.
continuationtape(n)~Atapethatisusedaftertheinitialtapeinamediafamilyfills,
allowingcontinuationofamediafamily.
Continuednotice(n)~Anoteatthebeginningorendofatextboxindicatingthatthetext
iscontinuedfromorcontinuesonadifferentpage.
continuityofcaredocument(n)~Astandardformatusedtotransferpatienthealth
informationbetweensystems.
continuityofcarerecord(n)~Astandardformatusedtotransferpatienthealth
informationbetweensystems.
ContinuousArrowProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowatimelineor
sequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.WorksbestwithLevel1textbecauseeach
lineofLevel1textappearsinsidethearrowshape.Level2textappearsoutsidethearrow
shape.
ContinuousBlockProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogression
orsequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.WorksbestwithminimalLevel1and
Level2text.
continuouscopyrelationship(n)~Thelinkbetweenaprimarydatabaseandanactive
secondarydatabasewithautomaticdatasynchronizationbetweenthem.
continuouscrawl(n)~Acrawlthatoperatesonacontinuousbasistoscanandindexnew
andmodifiedcontentfromasource.
ContinuousCycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtorepresentacontinuing
sequenceofstages,tasks,oreventsinacircularflow.Emphasizestheconnectionbetween
allcomponents.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
continuousexport(n)~AnexportoptionforApplicationInsightsTelemetrytoputallthe
telemetrydataofanAzureaccountintoablobstorageforsubsequentprocessing.
continuousform(n)~AformthatdisplaysmorethanonerecordonthescreeninForm
view.
continuousloop(n)~Aloopthatisrepeateduntilaterminatingeventoccurs.
ContinuousPictureList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupsof
interconnectedinformation.Thecircularshapesaredesignedtocontainpictures.
Continuum(PN)~Asetoffeaturesthatseamlesslyadaptandoptimizetheuserinterface
fordifferentdevices,modesofworking,hardware,orplatforms.
contour(n)~Theshapeofhowscheduledworkforanassignmentisdistributedacross
time.UseacontourtocontrolhowProjectschedulestheworkofaresource.
contourchart(n)~Asurfacechartsubtypethatprovidesaviewofthesurfacechartfrom
above,withcolorsrepresentingspecificrangesofvalues.
contraaccount(n)~Anaccountusedtoreduceanassetoraliabilitytoitscurrentvalue.
contraasset(n)~Anaccountthatisusedtoreducethegrosscostofanassettothenarrive
atthenetcost.
contraliability(n)~Anaccountthatisusedtoreducealiabilitytoarriveatitscarrying
value.
contract(n)~AServiceBrokerobjectthatdefinesthemessagetypesthatcanbe
exchangedwithinagivenconversation.
contract(n)~Anagreementtoprovidecustomerservicesupportduringspecified
coveragedatesorforaspecifiednumberofcasesorlengthoftime.Whencustomers
contactcustomerservice,thelevelofsupporttheyreceiveisdeterminedbytheircontract.
contract(n)~Acustomerserviceissueorproblemreportedbyacustomerandthe
activitiesthatcustomerservicerepresentativesusetoresolveit.
contract(n)~Aformalorlegallybindingagreementbetweentwoormoreparties.
contract(n)~Thebehaviorandstatethataclassprovides,whichismatchedwithwhata
clientofthatclasscanexpecttohold.Acontractisexpressedpartlybythesignaturesfor
allpublicfields,methods,properties,andeventsofthatclass.Thisisaugmentedbya
description(usuallyinsimpledescriptivetext)ofwhateachfieldorpropertyrepresents,
togetherwithwhateachmethoddoes.Inthe.NETFrameworkadd-inprogramming
model,anon-versioninginterfacethatdefinesthemethodsandspecifiesthedatatypesfor
transferringdataoverthecommunicationpipelinebetweenthehostandtheadd-in.The
contractisinthemiddleofthecommunicationpipelinebetweentheadd-inandthehost.
Thecontractassemblyisloadedintotheapplicationdomainsofboththeadd-inandthe
host.
contract(n)~Alegallybindingagreementbetweentwoormoreparties.
contractaddress(n)~Thepostallocationthatcorrespondenceshouldbemailedtoabout
acontract.
contractcloseout(n)~Thecompletionofthecontract[suchasfixedpriceorlumpsum,
costreimbursable,unitpricecontracts].Closeoutincludesresolvingalloutstandingissues
anditems,suchasinspectionsorinvoices.
contractline(n)~Thespecificdescriptioninacontractoftheservicesupporttobe
provided,includingpricingandhowsupportistobeallotted.
contracttemplate(n)~Atemplatethatcontainsthestandardattributeofacontractsuch
asbillingfrequencyandallotmenttype.
contractvalue(n)~Thepricetobepaidforafixed-priceproject.
contractor(n)~Aroleassumedbyapersonwhoparticipatesinacontractor-employer
relationshipwithalegalentity.
contrast(n)~Thedegreeofdifferencebetweenlightanddarkextremesofcolorona
monitor,devicescreen,orprintedoutput,orbetweenthedarkestandlightestareasina
photo.Thegreaterthedifference,thehigherthecontrast.
contravariance(n)~Inprogramminglanguages,theabilitytousealessderivedtypethan
thatoriginallyspecified.Contravarianceingenericinterfacesanddelegatesallowsfor
implicitconversionofgenerictypeparameters.Contravarianceisalsosupportedfornon-
genericdelegatesformatchingmethodsignatureswithdelegatetypes.
contributor(n)~Apersonwhoisinvolvedinthecreationofcontent.Forexampleeditors,
technicalreviewersandsubjectmatterexpertsarecontributors.
Contributormode(PN)~Afeaturethatgivestheusercontrolledaccesstofeaturesbased
onagivengrouprole.
Contributorrole(n)~Acollectionofrightsthatenabletheusertoviewpagesand
documentsinalibrary,andcontributetodiscussions.Thisisadefaultrole.
control(n)~Anobjectthatenablesuserinteractionorinput,oftentoinitiateanaction,
displayinformation,orsetvalues.
control(n)~Managementofacomputeranditsprocessingabilitiessoastomaintain
orderastasksandactivitiesarecarriedout.Controlappliestomeasuresdesignedtoensure
error-freeactionscarriedoutattherighttimeandintherightorderrelativetootherdata-
handlingorhardware-basedactivities.
controlbar(n)~AcontrolimplementedbyMMCtodisplayandmanageitsowntoolbars
andmenubuttons,aswellasthoseaddedbysnap-ins.
ControlcallforwardingfromCommunicator(oth)~Anitemtheusercanselectinthe
Optionsdialogbox,Phonestab.Whentheuserselectsthisoption,Communicatorcontrols
automaticforwardingofincomingcallsusingthecall-forwardingsettingstheuserselects.
controlcharacter(n)~Acharacterthatisinsertedinright-to-leftandmixedtextto
specifytheformattingoftextwhentheinherentdirectionalityofthetextisinsufficientto
displayexpectedresults.
Controlchart(n)~Achartthatdisplaysadditionalinformationaboutagraphintermsof
thefollowingcontrollines:Average,Upperlimit(calculatedbasedonnaturalprocess
deviationandsixsigmatechnique),andLowerlimit(calculatedbasedonnaturalprocess
deviationandsixsigmatechnique).
controlcode(n)~Oneormorenonprintingcharactersusedbyacomputerprogramto
controltheactionsofadevice,usedinprinting,communications,andmanagementof
displayscreens.Controlcodesaremainlyemployedbyprogrammersorbyusersto
controlaprinterwhenanapplicationprogramdoesnotsupporttheprinteroroneofits
specializedfeatures.Invideo,controlcodesaresentfromacomputertoadisplayunitto
manipulatetheappearanceoftextoracursoronthescreen.Popularvideocontrolcode
setsareANSIandVT-100.
controlcode(n)~Auniquecodethatisusedtoidentifycashregisterreceipts.
controldeviceobject(n)~Adeviceobjectthatrepresentsthefilterdrivertothesystem
andtouser-modeapplicationandwhichallowsapplicationstocommunicatewiththefilter
driverdirectly,evenbeforethefilterisattachedtoafilesystemorvolumedeviceobject.
controlescapesequence(n)~Inregularexpressions,abackslashfollowedbytheletter
‘c’followedbyoneoftheletters‘a’through‘z’or‘A’through‘Z’.ItmatchestheASCII
controlcharacterthatisnamedbythatletter.
controlflow(n)~Agroupofconnectedcontrolflowelementsthatperformtasks.
controlflow(n)~Atransitioninanactivitydiagram.Acontrolflowrepresentsa
relationshipbetweentwostatesoractionstatesandindicatesthatanobjectinthefirststate
willenterthesecondstateandperformspecifiedactions.
controlflowguard(n)~Asecurityfeaturethatmakesitmoredifficulttocorruptmemory
byimplementingrestrictionsonwhereanapplicationcanexecutecodefrom.
ControlGallery(n)~Alibraryofcontrolsthatsupportuserinterfacedevelopment.Some
ofthesecontrolsfunctionascontainersforothercontrolsorcontent,suchasimagesand
media.
controlgroup(n)~Asetofcontrolsthatareconceptuallyorlogicallyrelated.Controls
thatareconceptuallyrelatedareusuallyviewedtogetherbutdonotnecessarilyaffecteach
other.Controlsthatarelogicallyrelatedaffecteachother.
controlhandle(n)~Ahandlethatspecifiesuniquebehaviorforcertainshapes.
controlinterface(n)~Thevirtualobjectsandmechanismsthatcontrolanapplication.
Controlkey(n)~Akeythat,whenpressedincombinationwithanotherkey,givesthe
otherkeyanalternativemeaning.
controlmenu(n)~Amenuthatcontainscommandsyoucanusetomanipulateawindow
orcloseaprogram.Youclicktheprogramiconattheleftofthetitlebartoopenthis
menu.Thecontextmenuofawindowreplacesthismenu.
controlmessage(n)~Anapplication-readablemessagerequestingtheexecutionofa
specificoperationontheclientside.
ControlNode(PN)~An-appliance-nodethatisthecentralpointofcontrolfor
processingqueriesonthe-SQLServerPDWappliance,receivingtheuserquery,creating
adistributedqueryplan,communicatingrelevantplanoperationsanddatato-Compute
nodes,receivingComputenoderesults,performinganynecessaryaggregationofresults,
andthenreturningthequeryresultstotheuser.
ControlPanel(PN)~AWindowsprogramthatcollectsanddisplaysforusersthesystem-
levelfeaturesofthecomputer,includinghardwareandsoftwaresetupandconfiguration.
FromControlPanel,userscanclickindividualitemstoconfiguresystem-levelfeatures
andperformrelatedtasks.
ControlPanelHome(n)~ThemainControlPanelwindow.
controlpart(n)~Anelementinacontroltemplatethathasspecial,possiblymandatory,
significanceandsemanticsinthefunctioningofthecontrol.Forexample,atemplatefora
ScrollBarcontrolshouldsupplyaThumbpartfortheScrollBartofunctioncorrectly,butit
neednotprovideasmalldecreaseorasmallincreasebutton.
controlpattern(n)~Adesignimplementationthatdescribesadiscretepieceof
functionalityforacontrol.Thisfunctionalitycanincludethevisualappearanceofa
controlandtheactionsitcanperform.
controlpoint(n)~Ahandlethatcanbedraggedtochangethecurveorsymmetryofa
segment.
controlpoint(n)~Thereferencepointinacompensationrangethatrepresentsthe
intendedaveragepayforallemployeesatthatcompensationlevel.Forgradestructures,
controlpointsaretypically,butnotalways,therangemidpoint.Broadbandstructurescan
usecontrolpointsbutrarelydo.
controlprotocolplug-in(n)~Atypeofplug-inthatenablesaWindowsMediaserverto
communicatewithclientsandotherserversthroughdifferentnetworkprotocols.
controlskin(n)~Askinthatischaracterizedbythepropertiesforcontrols,suchas
buttons,labels,calendars,etc.
controlstate(n)~AfieldinanASP.NETWebpagethatstoresthecurrentproperty
settingsforservercontrolsonthepage.Controlstateisusedtorecreatethepageand
reestablishprevioussettingsoneachpostback.
controltemplate(n)~Atreeofelementsthatisexpandedintothescenewhenevera
controlofaparticulartypeisfound.Theelementstypicallyhavepropertiesboundto
propertiesofthecontrolinstance.
controltip(n)~Abriefphrasethatdescribesacontrol,apage,oratab.Thecontroltip
appearswhentheuserbrieflyholdsthemousepointeroveracontrol.
ControlTools(n)~
controlunit(n)~Adevicethatprocessesdatafromreceiptsthataregeneratedbyacash
register.
control-break(n)~Akeyorcombinationofkeysusedtotellacomputertohalt,orbreak
outof,whateveritisdoing.OnIBMPCsandcompatiblesunderDOS,pressingthePause/
BreakorScrollLock/BreakkeywhileholdingdowntheCtrlkeyissuesthebreak
command(asdoesCtrl-C).OnMacintoshcomputers,thekeycombinationthatsendsa
breakcodeisCommand-period.
controller(n)~Thepartofatestrigthatdistributesteststoagentcomputersandcollects
testresults.
controllerserver(n)~TheservercomputeronwhichtheMicrosoftWebFarm
Frameworksoftwareisinstalled.Thisserverisusedtospecifytheadministratoraccount
fortheWebfarm,tomanageprimaryandsecondaryservers,andtosynchronizeWeb
platformcomponents,configuration,applications,andcontentbetweenservers.
control-of-flowlanguage(n)~Transact-SQLkeywordsthatcontroltheflowofexecution
ofSQLstatementsandstatementblocksintriggers,storedprocedures,andbatches.
convention(n)~Anystandardthatisusedmoreorlessuniversallyinagivensituation.
Manyconventionsareappliedtomicrocomputers.Inprogramming,forexample,a
languagesuchasCreliesonformallyacceptedsymbolsandabbreviationsthatmustbe
usedinprograms.Lessformally,programmersusuallyadopttheconventionofindenting
subordinateinstructionsinaroutinesothatthestructureoftheprogramismoreeasily
visualized.Nationalandinternationalcommitteesoftendiscussandarbitrateconventions
forprogramminglanguages,datastructures,communicationstandards,anddevice
characteristics.
convention(n)~ArulethatdescribeshowtomodelaclasswiththeEntityFramework.
Convergence~Theconsolidationofallcommunications-voice,dataandvideo-ontoa
singlenetworkinfrastructure.
ConvergingArrows(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowideasorconcepts
thatconvergetoacentralpoint.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
ConvergingRadial(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowrelationshipsof
conceptsorcomponentstoacentralideainacycle.ThefirstlineofLevel1text
correspondstothecentralcircularshapeandthelinesofLevel2textcorrespondtothe
surroundingrectangularshapes.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyou
switchlayouts.
conversation(n)~Adiscussionwithacustomerorcolleague.
conversation(n)~Areal-timecommunicationsessionbetweentwoormoreusers.A
sessioncaninvolveIM,video,oraudio.
conversation(n)~Acollectionofcommunications(e-mail,IM,textmessaging,voice
mail,andsoon)betweentwoormoreparticipants.
conversationarea(n)~Thepanewhereconversations,includingphonecalls,conference
calls,andinstantmessages,aredisplayedfortheuser.
conversationendpoint(n)~Theobjectwhichrepresentsapartyparticipatinginthe
conversation.
conversationgroup(n)~AgroupofrelatedServiceBrokerconversations.Messagesin
thesameconversationgroupcanonlybeprocessedbyoneserviceprogramatatime.
conversationhandle(n)~Anhandlewhichuniquelydefinesaconversation.
ConversationHistory(PN)~ThefolderinOutlookwhereinstantmessagesandphone
conversationsarestored.
conversationinvitation(n)~Arequestforaconversation.
conversationnote(n)~AnoteyoutypeontheNotestabofaconversationwindowto
potentiallybeforwardedalongwiththecallandsavedinthecallhistory.
conversationsubject(n)~Textindicatingthetopicofaconversation.Itisenteredbythe
userorgeneratedbythecomputerbasedonconversationinformation.Itisdisplayedinthe
conversationtitlebarorinanalert.
conversationtracking(n)~KeepingarecordofchatconversationsinCRM,whichoccur
throughLync.
Conversationwindow(n)~Thewindowthatisdisplayedwhentheuserisinanytypeof
conversation.Thiswindowdisplaysthelistofconversationwindowparticipants,the
conversationcontentforinstantmessagingandvideoconversations,andcommandsand
controlsformanagingtheconversation.
ConversationalMOS(n)~ApredictionofthenarrowbandconversationalqualityMOS
(MOS-CQ)oftheaudiostreamthatisplayedtotheuser.Thisvaluetakesintoaccountthe
listeningqualityoftheaudioplayedandsentacrossthenetwork,thespeechandnoise
levelsforbothaudiostreams,andechoes.
conversationalqualityMOS(n)~AclassofMOSvaluesthattakesintoaccountlistening
qualityineachdirection,aswellasbidirectionaleffects,suchasdelayandecho.
conversion(n)~Theprocessofchangingfromoneformorformattoanother;where
informationisconcerned,achangeoverthataffectsformbutnotsubstance.Typesof
conversionincludedata(changingthewayinformationisrepresented),file(changinga
filefromoneformattoanother),hardware(changingallorpartofacomputersystem),
media(transferringdatafromonestoragemediatoanother),software(changinga
programdesignedforoneplatformsothatitrunsonanother),andsystem(changingfrom
oneoperatingsystemtoanother).
conversion(n)~AnactiontakenbyavisitortoyourpublicWebsitethatresultsina
desiredcustomerresponse,suchasrequestingmoreinformationorsigningupfora
newsletter.
conversion(n)~Anactionbywhichasubscription(thesourcesubscription)isreplaced
byanewsubscription,bothownedbythesamebillingaccount,alongapreconfigured
conversionpath.Thesourcesubscriptioniscanceledandthedestinationsubscriptionis
thenewsubscription.
conversioncycle(n)~Arecurringsetofproductionandlogisticsactivitiesperformedby
partiesthatmanufactureordistributeitems.
conversionfunction(n)~Afunctionthatconvertsonedatatypeorformattoanotherdata
typeorformat.
ConversionManager(PN)~Areportadministrationpagethatallowsuserstoview,
createorchangeconversionpoints.
conversionpage(n)~AWebsitepagethatavisitorreachesafterhavingcompletedan
action.
conversionpoint(n)~Ameasurementofthenumberofvisitorswhoreachaconversion
page.
conversionrate(n)~Thenumberofclickthroughsyoursitereceivesdividedbythe
numberofconversions.
conversionratesales(n)~Thetotalrevenuefromallconversionsforaspecifiedtime
period.
conversionreferrer(n)~Anad,searchresult,oranyotherlinkthatsendsausertothe
sitewherethatusercompletesatransaction.
conversiontable(n)~Atablelistingasetofcharactersornumbersandtheirequivalents
inanothercodingscheme.CommonexamplesofconversiontablesincludeASCIItables,
whichlistcharactersandtheirASCIIvalues,anddecimal-to-hexadecimaltables.
conversiontime(n)~Thetimeatwhichtheconversionrateisappliedtoatransaction.If
theconversiontypeisafixedrate,theconversiontimeshouldalwaysbethetimeatwhich
theorderwasacceptedforfulfillment.Iftheconversiontypeisaspotrate,theconversion
timeiswhenthebankperformstheconversion.
conversiontool(n)~Atoolthatisusedtoperformconversions.
conversiontracking(n)~Theprocessofcollectingdataaboutwhichvisitorstoyoursite
performtheactionsyoudesire(suchassigningupforanewsletterormakingapurchase).
conversiontype(n)~Thetypeofcurrencyconversionusedtoconvertthebuyercurrency
tothebasecurrencyfortheWebsite,ortoconvertthesuppliercurrencytothebase
currencyinamulticurrencytransaction.Theconversiontypecanbeeitherafixed(static)
rate,oraspot(dynamic)rate.
conversiontype(n)~Thekindofconversionbasedontheactiondesiredfromtheuser
(e.g.purchase,subscription).
convert(v)~Tochangefromoneformorfunctiontoanother.
convert(v)~Tochangeonetypeofrecord,forexample,acampaignresponsetoan
opportunity,oranactivitytoacase.
ConverttoMotionPath(v)~Atoolthatallowstheusertoconvertashapeorpathintoa
pathalongwhichanotherobjectwillmove,automaticallygeneratingastoryboardforthe
animation.
ConverttoPath(v)~Atoolthatisusedtoconvertashapetoapathobject,whose
verticesyoucanthenmodifyindividually.
ConverttoShape(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesTabletPCuserstoconvertaninkdrawing
toastandardOfficeArtshape,whichcanbeformattedwithcolorsandeffectsexactlyasif
itwereinsertedusing-€œInsertShape.-€?
converter(n)~Anydevicethatchangeselectricalsignalsorcomputerdatafromoneform
toanother.Forexample,ananalog-to-digitalconvertertranslatesanalogsignalstodigital
signals.
convexhull(n)~ThesmallestconvexsetthatcontainsXintheEuclideanplaneor
Euclideanspace.
co-occurrencematrix(n)~Amatrixordistributionthatisdefinedoveranimagetobethe
distributionofco-occurringvaluesatagivenoffset.
cookie(n)~OntheWorldWideWeb,ablockofdatathataWebserverstoresonaclient
system.WhenauserreturnstothesameWebsite,thebrowsersendsacopyofthecookie
backtotheserver.Cookiesareusedtoidentifyusers,toinstructtheservertosenda
customizedversionoftherequestedWebpage,tosubmitaccountinformationfortheuser,
andforotheradministrativepurposes.
Cookie~Asmalldatafilestoredonyourcomputerbyawebsite,intheorytoallowitto
‘remember’yourpreferences,butinpractisemostlyusedtotrackwhichadvertsyouhave
seen.Youcansetmostbrowserstorejectallcookies,ortoaskyourpermissionbefore
storingthem,butthiswillgeneratemultipleerrormessagesonalotofwebsitesandis
generallymorehasslethanit’sworth-theyareprettyharmless.UKwebsitesarerequired
todisplayawarningmessageaboutthembecauseno-onecouldmakePrimeMinister
DavidCameronunderstandwhattheydo.
Cookie~apieceofinformationsentbyaWeb-Server-toaWeb-Browser-thatthe
BrowsersoftwareisexpectedtosaveandtosendbacktotheServerwheneverthebrowser
makesadditionalrequestsfromtheServer.
Cookiereplayattack(n)~Anattackthatcapturestheuser’sauthenticationcookieusing
monitoringsoftwareandreplaysittotheapplicationtogainaccessunderafalseidentity.
cooldowntime(n)~Theminimumlengthoftimethattheuserneedstowaitafterusing
thesystembeforeusingitagain.
cooperativeblocking(n)~Inmultithreading,theactofonetaskyieldingprocessing
resourcestoothertasks.
coordinate(n)~Eachofasetofreferencesthattogetherdescribetheexactpositionof
somethingwithrespecttoasetofaxes(orarowandcolumn).
coordinatepair(n)~Apairofvaluesrepresentingthex-andy-coordinatesofapointthat
arestoredinatwo-dimensionalarraythatcancontaincoordinatesformanypoints.
CoordinatedUniversalTime(n)~Thestandardtimecommontoeveryplaceinthe
world,coordinatedbytheInternationalBureauofWeightsandMeasures.Coordinated
UniversalTimeisusedforthesynchronizationofcomputersontheInternet.
co-owner(n)~Thepersonwho,togetherwiththeowner,controlshowpermissionsareset
onobjectsandcangrantpermissionstoothers.
COP(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofColombia.
copay(n)~Afeethatmustbepayedfortheuseofspecificmedicalservicescoveredbya
medicalplan.
coprocessor(n)~Aprocessor,distinctfromthemainmicroprocessor,thatperforms
additionalfunctionsorassiststhemainmicroprocessor.
co-product(n)~Anitemproducedjointlywithanotheritem.
copy(v)~Toduplicateinformationandreproduceitinanotherpartofadocument,ina
differentfileormemorylocation,orinadifferentmedium.Acopyoperationcanaffect
datarangingfromasinglecharactertolargesegmentsoftext,agraphicsimage,orfrom
onetomanydatafiles.
copyarea(n)~Thecellsthatyoucopywhenyouwanttopastedataintoanotherlocation.
Afteryoucopycells,amovingborderappearsaroundthemtoindicatethatthey’vebeen
copied.
copybackup(n)~Abackupthatcopiesallselectedfilesbutdoesnotmarkeachfileas
havingbeenbackedup(inotherwords,thearchiveattributeisnotcleared).Copyingis
usefulifyouwanttobackupfilesbetweennormalandincrementalbackupsbecause
copyingdoesnotaffecttheseotherbackupoperations.
CopyGeneralManagementSystemAnalog(n)~Amethodforcontrollingthecopying
ofbroadcastmediacontentthatallowsonlyonegenerationofcopying.
CopyNumber(PN)~Thebuttonthatenablestheusertocopytheretrievalnumberofa
parkedcall.
copyonwrite(n)~Pageprotectionthatallowsmultipleapplicationstomaptheirvirtual
addressspacestosharethesamephysicalpagesuntilanapplicationneedstomodifythe
pageandhaveitsowninstancecopy,whichallowsthevirtualmemorymanagertosave
memoryandexecutiontime.
copyset(n)~AduplicateofthemediamasterthatRemoteStoragecopiestoadifferent
tapeordisk.Copysetsaretypicallyusedforbackuppurposes.
copyfitting(n)~Theresizingoftexttofitintoanallottedamountofspace.
copy-on-writepageprotection(n)~Aconceptthatallowsmultipleapplicationstomap
theirvirtualaddressspacestosharethesamephysicalpages,untilanapplicationneedsto
modifythepageandhaveitsowninstancecopy.
copyright(n)~Amethodofprotectingtherightsofanoriginatorofacreativework,such
asatext,apieceofmusic,apainting,oracomputerprogram,throughlaw.
copyrightsymbol(n)~The-©character.Normallyincludedatthebeginningofa
copyrightnotice.
CoralHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofarangeofcoralcolors.
CORBA(n)~AspecificationdevelopedbytheObjectManagementGroupin1992in
whichpiecesofprograms(objects)communicatewithotherobjectsinotherprograms,
evenifthetwoprogramsarewrittenindifferentprogramminglanguagesandarerunning
ondifferentplatforms.Aprogrammakesitsrequestforobjectsthroughanobjectrequest
broker,orORB,andthusdoesnotneedtoknowthestructureoftheprogramfromwhich
theobjectcomes.CORBAisdesignedtoworkinobject-orientedenvironments.
core(n)~Oneofthetypesofmemorybuiltintocomputersbeforerandomaccessmemory
(RAM)wasavailableoraffordable.Somepeoplestillusethetermtorefertothemain
memoryofanycomputersystem,asinthephrasecoredump—alistingoftheraw
contentsofmainmemoryatthemomentofasystemcrash.
coreapplicationquestionnaire(n)~Aquestionnaireusedtogatherkeyinformation
aboutyourorganizationtobeusedasaroadmapforbuildingyourPerformancePoint
Serverapplication.
corecmdlet(n)~Oneofacoresetofcommandsformanipulatingthesystemandthat
correspondstocommandsfoundinothershellenvironments.
coreinstallation(n)~AnoptionthatcanbeusedforinstallingWindowsServer2008or
WindowsServer2008R2.Itprovidesaminimalenvironmentforrunningspecificserver
roles,whichreducesthemaintenanceandmanagementrequirementsandtheattack
surfaceforthoseserverroles.
Corelayer(n)~AlayerintheSurfaceSDKthatexposesasetofAPIsfordevelopersto
usetocreateSurfaceapplications.
coremodel(n)~ThefirstlayeroftheCIMschema,whichincludesthetop-levelclasses
andtheirpropertiesandassociations.Thecoremodelisbothdomain-andplatform-
independent.
CoreParking(PN)~Afeaturethatdynamicallyselectsasetofprocessorsthatshould
stayidleandnotrunanythreadsbasedonthecurrentpowerpolicyandtheirrecent
utilization.
coreprogram(n)~Aprogramorprogramsegmentthatisresidentinrandomaccess
memory(RAM).
CoreWebServer(PN)~TheWindowsservicesthatmakeupthecoreofIIS7.TheCore
WebserverprovidesthefoundationforthemodulararchitectureofIIS.
core-basedlicensing(n)~Alicensingoptionwherecoresarelicensedratherthanusersor
devices.
cornerjoin(n)~Twolinesthatarejoinedatanangle.Forobjectsthathavesharpcorners,
suchasrectangles,youcanchangethewaythestrokelooksateachcornerpointby
applyingoneofthreecornerjoinstyles:miterjoin,roundjoin,andbeveljoin.
cornerpoint(n)~Ananchorpointwherethetwohandlesarefullyretracted,sothey’re
sittinginside’thenodeitselfandcannotbeselected.’
cornerradius(n)~Theradiusthatdetermineshowmuch,ifany,thecornerofa
rectangularobjectisactuallycurvedorrounded-off’.’
correctionarea(n)~Anareathatappearsinthewritingpadwhenyoutaptherecognized
textthatyouwanttocorrect.Youcanuseittorewriteanincorrectlyrecognizedcharacter
ortoreplaceawordwithasuggestedalternative.
correctioncomb(n)~Anareathatappearsinthewritingpadwhenyoutapthe
recognizedtextthatyouwanttocorrect.Youcanuseittorewriteanincorrectly
recognizedcharacterortoreplaceawordwithasuggestedalternative.
Corrections(PN)~Asetoffeaturesthatenablesuserstoimprovethequalityoftheir
imageswithjustoneortwoclicks.Gallerieshelptheuseroptimizecharacteristicssuchas
brightness,contrast,color,andsharpness.
correlate(v)~Inlogging,toshowwhichloggedclient-sideeventscausedcorresponding
server-sideevents.Logdataisofencorrelatedasitisbeingconsolidatedtoadatabaseor
logfile.
correlatedsubquery(n)~Asubquerythatreferencesacolumnintheouterstatement.
Theinnerqueryisrunforeachcandidaterowintheouterstatement.
correlation(n)~Creatingrelationshipsbetweenanemailactivityandotherrecordsby
usingtheinformationfromemailheaders.
correlationID(n)~ArandomlygeneratedIDthatisassociatedwithamessageand
passedalongforthelifetimeofagivenmessage.
correlationset(n)~Aninstanceofacorrelationtype;thatis,thelistedpropertiesfora
messagethatareusedtodeterminewhetheritbelongstoagiveninstanceofan
orchestration.
correlationtype(n)~Asetofmessagepropertiesthatuniquelyidentifiesabusiness
processandwhichisusedtocorrelatemessageswithorchestrationinstances.
correspondentaccount(n)~Anaccountestablishedbyabankinginstitutiontomake
transactionsonbehalfofanotherfinancialinstitution,usuallyforinternational
transactions.
corrupt(v)~Todamage,inregardtofilesordata.
corrupted(adj)~Damaged.Mostlyusedinregardtofilesordata.
corruptedheappointer(n)~Anaccessviolationthatoccursmosttypicallywhenablock
isallocatedinoneheapandfreedinanother.
corruptedinfixpattern(n)~Anaccessviolationthatoccurswhenasetoffreedblocks
thathavebeenmarkednon-accessiblearetouchedbyaprogram.
corruptedprefixpattern(n)~Anaccessviolationthatoccurswithbufferunderruns.
corruptedsuffixpattern(n)~Anaccessviolationthathappensmosttypicallywithbuffer
overruns.
Cortana(PN)~ThepersonalassistantfeatureonWindowsPhoneandWindows.
CortanaHome(PN)~?TheplacewhereCortanashowscardstotheuserthatinclude
suggestions,questions,feedback,etc.
Cortana’sNotebook(PN)~?ThespacewhereCortanastoresalloftheinformationshe
knowsaboutyou.
co-sign(v)~Todigitallysigndataalongwithoneormoreadditionalsignatories.A
cosignaturedoesnotimplythatothersignaturesarevalid.
cost(n)~Theamountofmoneyspentinproducingoracquiring.
cost(n)~Thevalueofaneconomicresourcethatisquantifiedinmonetaryunitsandthat
ismeasuredusinganaccountingvaluationprinciple.
costaccounting(n)~Thebranchofaccountingconcernedwithidentifyingandevaluating
thecostofproducingaproduct.
costaccumulationmethod(n)~Themethodusedtoclassifyandallocatetransformation
costs.
costadjustmentamount(n)~Thesumofthedifferencesbetweentheoriginalpurchase
priceofthegoodsandthefinalprice,whichincludesanyadditionalitemcharges,
revaluation,orroundingamounts.
costbasis(n)~Thepurchasepriceofanasset,includingfreight,tax,andotherexpenses,
lessanyadjustments,suchasSection179ExpenseDeductionandsalvagevalue.
costcenter(n)~Anoperatingunitwhosemanagersareaccountableforbudgetedand
actualexpenditures.
CostIncrease(PN)~Acalculatedfieldthatsubtractsthetotalbudgetedcostfromthetotal
actualcostandthendividesthatvaluebythetotalbudgetedcost.Thisvalueisthen
multipliedby100.
costline(n)~Thepartofacosttemplatethatspecifiesoneormorecategoriesthatform
thebasisofacostestimate.
costofgoodssold(n)~Anaccountingcategoryusedtosumthefinancialconsequencesof
manufacturingproductsandcarryinginventory.
costperclick(n)~Theamountanadvertiser’saccountischargedeachtimethe
advertiser’sadisclickedbyasearchuserorsitevisitor.
costperformanceindex(n)~Theratioofbudgetedcostsofworkperformedtoactual
costsofworkperformed[BCWP/ACWP].ThecumulativeCPI[sumoftheBCWPforall
tasksdividedbythesumoftheACWPforalltasks]canbeusedtopredictwhethera
projectwillgooverbudget.
costproject(n)~Aninternalprojectforwhichcostsofhours,expenses,anditemscanbe
registered,butnotcapitalized.
costratetable(n)~Acollectionofinformationaboutaresource’srates,includingthe
standardrate,overtimerate,anyper-usecost,andthedatewhenthepayratetakeseffect.
Youcanestablishuptofivedifferentcostratetablesforeachresource.
costresource(n)~Aresourcethatdoesn’tdependontheamountofworkonataskorthe
durationofatask,suchasairfareorlodging.
costtemplate(n)~Amethodforapplyingestimatesonfixed-priceprojectsand
investmentprojects.
costvariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenanexpectedcostandanactualcost.
costed(adj)~Pertainingtosomethingforwhichanestimateorcosthasbeenprovided.
costed(v)~Tocalculate,assign,andallocatethecostofeconomicresourcesacquired,
produced,ordeliveredbyanorganization.
costing(n)~Theprocessofcalculating,assigning,andallocatingthecostofeconomic
resourcesacquired,produced,ordeliveredbyanorganization.
countwindow(n)~Awindowwithavariablewindowsizethatmovesalongatimeline
witheachdistincteventstarttime.
countXPath(n)~AnXPathexpressionthatreturnsanumericvaluetoberenderedwithin
parenthesesafterthedisplaynameoftheobject.
countdowntimer(n)~Amechanismthatmeasurestheremainingtimefromapreset
amountoftimeandsoundsanalarmwhenthistimehaselapsed.
counter(n)~Inprogramming,avariableusedtokeepcountofsomething.
counter(n)~Aglobalintegervariablethatisusedinarunbook.
counterset(n)~Asetofsystemperformancecountersthatareusefultomonitorduringa
loadtest.Countersetsareorganizedbytechnology,forexample,ASP.NETorSQL
countersets.
countersetmap(n)~Anassociationbetweenacountersetandacomputerusedduringa
loadtest.Forexample,aWebservermighthaveASP.NET,IIS,and.NETapplication
countersetmappings.
counterthreshold(n)~Thethresholdatwhichalertsaretriggered.Therearetwotypesof
thresholds:warningandcritical.Countersetdefinitionscontainpredefinedthresholdsfor
manykeyperformanceindicators.
CounterbalanceArrows(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowtwoopposing
ideasorconcepts.EachofthefirsttwolinesofLevel1textcorrespondstoanarrowand
workswellwithLevel2text.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyou
switchlayouts.
counterfeitsoftware(n)~Softwarethatasystembuilderdoesnotobtainfroman
authorizeddistributor,orthataroyaltyOEMdoesnotobtainfromanauthorized
replicator.Counterfeitsoftwareusuallyhasmanyofthefollowingproblems:missing
drivers,missingdocumentation,viruses,bugs,andotherdefects.Installinglegitimate
Microsoftproductshelpsensurethequalityofyourproducts,preventscustomerproblems,
andreducesrequestsforcustomersupport.
countersign(v)~Tosignadocumentalreadysignedbytheotherparty.
countersignature(n)~Asignatureofanexistingsignatureandmessageorasignatureof
anexistingsignature.Acountersignatureisusedtosigntheencryptedhashofanexisting
signatureortotimestampamessage.
counter-signature(n)~Asignatureofanexistingsignatureandmessageorasignatureof
anexistingsignature.Acountersignatureisusedtosigntheencryptedhashofanexisting
signatureortotimestampamessage.
countingloop(n)~Inaprogram,agroupofstatementsthatarerepeated,thereby
incrementingavariableusedasacounter(forexample,aprogrammightrepeatacounting
loopthatadds1toitscounteruntilthecounterequals10).
Country(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#2.
country/region-specific(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofhardwareorsoftware
thatusescharactersorconventionsuniquetoaparticularcountry/regionorgroupof
countries/regions.Country/region-specificdoesnotnecessarilyrefertospokenlanguages,
althoughitdoesallowforspecialcharacters(suchasaccentmarks)thatarelanguage-
specific.Generally,thefeaturesconsideredcountry/region-specificincludekeyboard
layout(includingspecial-characterkeys),timeanddateconventions,financialand
monetarysymbols,decimalnotation(decimalpointorcomma),andalphabeticsorting
order.Suchfeaturesarehandledeitherbyacomputer’soperatingsystemorbyapplication
programsthatofferoptionsfortailoringdocumentstoaparticularsetofnational/regional
orinternationalconventions.
CourierSender(n)~AConfigurationManagercommunicationmechanismthatenables
youtocreateandsendpackageinformationtoanotherConfigurationManagersite
throughnon-networkchannels.
course(n)~Aseriesofclassesthatcoveraspectsofasubjectarea.
coursecode(n)~Anumberorcodethataneducationalinstitutionusestoidentifya
particularclass.
Coursera(PN)~Aneducationplatformthatpartnerswithtopuniversitiesand
organizationsworldwide,tooffercoursesonlineforanyonetotake,forfree.
courtesycopy(n)~Adirectivetoane-mailprogramtosendacompletecopyofagiven
pieceofmailtoanotherindividual.Theuseofccmailaddressing,asopposedtodirectly
addressingthemailtoaperson,generallyimpliesthattherecipientisnotrequiredtotake
anyaction;themessageisforinformationalpurposesonly.Inaccdirective,thefactthat
thisrecipientreceivedthemailisprintedinthemailheaderandisthusknowntoallother
recipients.
covariance(n)~Astatisticalmeasureofthetendencyoftwovariablestochangein
conjunctionwitheachother.Itisequaltotheproductoftheirstandarddeviationsand
correlationcoefficients.
covariance(n)~Inprogramminglanguages,theabilitytouseamorederivedtypethan
thatoriginallyspecified.Covarianceingenericinterfacesanddelegatesallowsforimplicit
conversionofgenerictypeparameters.Covarianceisalsosupportedfornon-generic
delegatesformatchingmethodsignatureswithdelegatetypes.
cover(n)~Thephotodisplayedatthetopofanalbum,andusedtorepresentthewhole
albumwhenalbumsareshowninlistview.Itisalsousedtodescribetherepresentative
photoinastack(ofnearduplicatephotos).
coverinserter(n)~Anadditional(usuallyoptional)unitonhigh-endcopymachinesthat
allowsuserstoinsertpre-printedcovers,tabsandchapterseparatorsintodocuments.
coverletter(n)~Aletterthatservestointroduceaccompanyingdocumentstothe
recipient.Oftenreferstoalettersentwitharesumewhenapplyingforajob.
coverphoto(n)~Thephotodisplayedatthetopofanalbum,andusedtorepresentthe
wholealbumwhenalbumsareshowninlistview.Itisalsousedtodescribethe
representativephotoinastack(ofnearduplicatephotos).
coveragecollection(n)~Informationcollectedatruntimeaboutwhichblocksorlinesof
anapplicationareexecutedatleastonce.
coveragemap(n)~Adigitalmapindicatingtheareainwhichonecanexpectgoodcell-
phonereceptionfromaspecificmobileoperator.
COW(n)~Pageprotectionthatallowsmultipleapplicationstomaptheirvirtualaddress
spacestosharethesamephysicalpagesuntilanapplicationneedstomodifythepageand
haveitsowninstancecopy,whichallowsthevirtualmemorymanagertosavememory
andexecutiontime.
coworkershape(n)~Inanorganizationchart,ashapenexttoanothershapethatis
connectedtothesamesuperior(ormanager)shape.
CPA(oth)~AnorganizationthatspecifiespaymentformatsforCanada.
CPF(n)~An11-digitidentificationnumberissuedtoBraziliansandresidentaliensbythe
BrazilianMinistryofRevenueforidentificationandtaxpurposes.
CPI(n)~Aprogramminginterfaceusedtobuildandmaintainunattendedinstallation
answerfilesandconfigurationsetsbyaddingsecurityfixes,changingdrivers,andso
forth.
CPI(n)~Theratioofbudgetedcostsofworkperformedtoactualcostsofworkperformed
[BCWP/ACWP].ThecumulativeCPI[sumoftheBCWPforalltasksdividedbythesum
oftheACWPforalltasks]canbeusedtopredictwhetheraprojectwillgooverbudget.
CPM(n)~Aprojectmanagementmethodofcalculatingthetotaldurationofaproject
basedonindividualtaskdurationsandtheirdependencies.
cps~(CharactersPerSecond)-Ameasureofhowquicklyinformation,particularlytext,is
beingtransferredoveramodemlinkornetwork.Seealso-bps.
CPU(n)~Thecomputationalandcontrolunitofacomputer.TheCPUisthedevicethat
interpretsandexecutesinstructions.Mainframesandearlyminicomputerscontained
circuitboardsfullofintegratedcircuitsthatimplementedtheCPU.Single-chipcentral
processingunits,calledmicroprocessors,madepossiblepersonalcomputersand
workstations.
CPU~(CentralProcessingUnit)-Thenervecentreofthecomputer:everythingflows
throughit.Oftenjustcalled‘theprocessor’.ThebestknownPCprocessorsare
Intel’s-Pentium-andAMD’sAthlon.
CPUbusy(n)~ASQLServerstatisticthatreportsthetime,inmilliseconds,thatthe
centralprocessingunit(CPU)spentonSQLServerwork.
CPUcap(n)~ThemaximumamountofCPUtimethatcanbeconsumedbyeach
processortoensurethatnoapplicationnorvirtualmachineblocksthesystem.Thisis
mostlyusedinvirtualization.
CPUcapping(n)~TheuseofCPUcaps.
CPUspeed(n)~Arelativemeasureofthedata-processingcapacityofaparticularcentral
processingunit(CPU),usuallymeasuredinmegahertz.
CPUtime(n)~Inmultiprocessing,theamountoftimeduringwhichaparticularprocess
hasactivecontroloftheCPU(centralprocessingunit).
CPU-bound(oth)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofasituationinwhichthe
performanceofacomputerislimitedbythenumberofarithmeticoperationsthe
microprocessormustperform.Whenasystemiscomputation-bound,themicroprocessor
isoverloadedwithcalculations.
Crack,cracked~Acrackisasmallprogramintendedtodefeatsoftware’scopy
protection,thusallowingunlicensedcopiestobemade-stealingit,ineffect.Softwarethat
isdistributedwithitscopyprotectiondisabledorbypassedhasbeen‘cracked’.
cradle(v)~Toplaceamobiledeviceinacradletoconnecttoadesktopcomputer.
Craigslist~Craigslistisacentralizednetworkofonlinecommunitiesfeaturingfree
onlineclassifiedadvertisements,withsectionsdevotedtojobs,housing,personals,for
sale,services,community,gigs,résumés,anddiscussion
forums.-http://www.craigslist.org/
Craquelure(PN)~Aliveeffectthatsimulatesfinecracksinpaintorenamelonthe
surfaceofanobject.
crash(v)~Forasystemorprogram,tofailtofunctioncorrectly,resultinginthe
suspensionofoperation.
crash(n)~Thefailureofeitheraprogramoradiskdrive.Aprogramcrashresultsinthe
lossofallunsaveddataandcanleavetheoperatingsystemunstableenoughtorequire
restartingthecomputer.Adiskdrivecrash,sometimescalledadiskcrash,leavesthedrive
inoperableandcancauselossofdata.
Crash~Whenacomputerprogramoroperatingsystemstopsworkingcompletelyor
almostcompletelyit(orthecomputer)issaidtohave‘crashed’.Whenacomputercrashes
itusuallyneedstoberebooted-beforeitcanbeusedagain.Seealso-lockup.
crashdump(n)~Abinaryfilethataprogrammercanloadintoadebuggertoanalyzethe
causeofthecrash.Itcontainsthecontentsofthememorywhenthecrashoccurred.
CrashDumpType(n)~SpecifiesthefileformatDr.Watsonwillusetostorethe
information.TheFullformatcontainstheentirememoryspaceoftheprogram,aswellas
theprogramimageitself,thehandletable,andotherinformationthatwillbeusefultothe
debugger.TheMiniformatmayincludethefullmemoryandhandletable,oritmay
simplycontaininformationaboutasinglethread.TheWindowsNT4.0-compatibleFull
formatprovidesyouwiththeopportunitytouseoldertoolstoanalyzethedumpfile.
CrashDumpTypeisonlyavailablewhenyouhaveselectedtheCreateCrashDumpFile
checkbox.
crashrecovery(n)~Theabilityofacomputertoresumeoperationafteradisastrous
failure,suchasthefailureofaharddrive.Ideally,recoverycanoccurwithoutanylossof
data,althoughusuallysome,ifnotall,dataislost.
Crate(PN)~Acompressioncontainerformat(.cr8)inWindowsthatlargelyreplacesthe
CABformatinallservicingscenarios.Thisformatextendsbeyondservicingandisa
compressionsolutionforfilesharingingeneral.
crawl(v)~Tocompileandorganizeentriesforasearchengineorcontentindexby
readingWebpagesorothercontent.
crawl(n)~Theprocessofscanningcontenttocompileandmaintainanindex.
crawllog(n)~Asetofpropertiesthatprovidesinformationabouttheresultsofcrawlinga
displayURL.Theinformationincludeswhetherthecrawlwassuccessful,thecontent
sourcetowhichthedisplayURLbelongs,andthelevel,message,time,andidentifierfor
anyerrorsthatoccur.
crawlrule(n)~AsetofpreferencesthatappliestoaspecificURLorrangeofURLsthat
youcanusetoincludeorexcludeitemsyouwanttocrawlandspecifythecontentaccess
accounttousewhencrawlingthatURLorrange.
crawlscope(n)~Acollectionofdatastores(identifiablebyURL)thatrepresentscontent
thattheindexercrawlsandindexes.
CrawlScopeManager(PN)~Thesetofinterfacesthatprovidesmethodstoinformthe
WindowsSearchengineaboutcontainerstocrawlanditemsunderthosecontainersto
includeinorexcludefromthecatalog.
Crawler~AprogramthatindexespagesontheWorldWideWebforsearchengines.
crawlerimpactrule(n)~ArulethatappliestoaspecificURLorrangeofURLson
whichyoucanconfigurecrawlingtoreducetheresourcesthatareusedontheserverthat
isbeingcrawled.
crawlingaccount(n)~AnaccountusedtocrawlWebsites,serversandnetworkresources
includedinacontentindex.
CRC(n)~Aprocedureusedincheckingforerrorsindatatransmission.CRCerror
checkingusesacomplexcalculationtogenerateanumberbasedonthedatatransmitted.
Thesendingdeviceperformsthecalculationbeforetransmissionandincludesitinthe
packetthatitsendstothereceivingdevice.Thereceivingdevicerepeatsthesame
calculationaftertransmission.Ifbothdevicesobtainthesameresult,itisassumedthatthe
transmissionwaserrorfree.Theprocedureisknownasaredundancycheckbecauseeach
transmissionincludesnotonlydatabutextra(redundant)error-checkingvalues.
CommunicationsprotocolssuchasXMODEMandKermitusecyclicalredundancy
checking.
create(v)~Tobringanobjectintoexistencebyallocatingthenecessarystoragespaceand
givingvaluestoitsattributes.
CreateConsoleScopeWizard(n)~Awizardthatallowstheusertodefineaconsole
scope,thecomputergroupsassociatedwiththeconsolescope,andtheusersassociated
withtheconsolescope.
CreateDeploymentPackageWizard(n)~AwizardyouuseinMobileDeployment
Managertocreateadeploymentpackage.
CreateInstallationItemWizard(n)~AwizardyouuseinMobileDeploymentManager
tocreateaninstallationitem.
createmode(n)~Themodeinwhichcertaininformationisnotavailableforeditonthe
pageuntilthepageissavedaftercreation.Anexampleofthiswouldbetheopportunity
recordpages,wheretheopportunityhastobesavedbeforeproductscanbeadded.
CreateNewGroup(PN)~Amenuitemthatcreatesanewgroupfortheuser’sContacts
list.
CreateTaskWizard(n)~Awizardthatallowstheusertocreatenewtasksthatcanbe
runindifferentlocations,forexample,intheOperatorconsoleoronanagent-managed
computer.
CreativeAssetManager(PN)~AMicrosoftAdvertisingprogramthatadvertisersuseto
upload,organize,preview,andvalidatecreatives.
creativecontent(n)~Thecontentthatistobeplacedonanadvertisingschedule.Inthe
advertisingindustry,creativedenotesownershipofthecontent.Youcannotchangeany
aspectoftheadwithoutapprovalfromthecompanythatownstheadyouarerunning.
creator(n)~OntheAppleMacintosh,theprogramthatcreatesafile.Filesarelinkedto
theircreatorsbycreatorcodes;thislinkenablestheoperatingsystemtoopenthecreator
applicationwhenadocumentfileisopened.
creator(n)~Theentityprimarilyresponsibleforcreatingthecontentresource(thatis,the
author).
CredentialLocker(PN)~AfeatureofWindowswhereauser’scredentialsaresecurely
stored.
CredentialManager(PN)~Acommoncredentialstoreandinterfacethatisusedtosave
andmanageusercredentials,suchasusernamesandpasswords,soyoucaneasilylogon
toWebsitesandconnecttootherresources,suchascomputers.
credentialprompt(n)~Adialogboxthatappearswhenauserisrequestedtoconfirm
whetheranadministrativeprocessshouldbepermittedtostart.Theusercanapprovethe
processbyprovidingausernameandpasswordforanadministratoraccount,ortheuser
cancanceltheprocessbyclickingCancel.
CredentialProvider(n)~Atoolthatprovidesinformation,whichincludesidentification
andproofofidentification,thatisusedtogainaccesstolocalandnetworkresources.
CredentialVaultService(PN)~Abehind-the-sceneservicethatispartofCredential
Managerandthatactuallydoestheworkofcreatingandmanagingusercredentialsto
allowuserstologonacrossmachinesandsites.
credentials(n)~Informationthatincludesidentificationandproofofidentificationthatis
usedtogainaccesstolocalandnetworkresources.Examplesofcredentialsareuser
namesandpasswords,smartcards,andcertificates.
credentialslock(n)~AtypeofdevicelockinWindowsMobilethatrequirestheuserto
entercredentialstogainaccesstophoneresources.
credit(v)~Toenteranamountthatdecreasesthebalanceofanassetorexpenseaccount
orincreasesaliability,ownersequityorrevenueaccount.
credit(n)~Anaccountentrythattypicallyincreasesliabilities,owners’equity,orincome,
anddecreasesassetsorexpenses.
creditadvice(n)~Anofficialnoticeofabankcredittransaction.
creditbalancetransaction(n)~Atransactionwithanunappliedbalancethatdecreases
thecustomer’sorsupplier’sbalance.Examplesincludecreditmemos,returns,payments,
andreceipts.
creditcard(n)~Atypeofpaymentcardwherethesupplierispaidbythecardissuer.The
cardholderthenpaysthecardissuer.
creditcardauthorization(n)~Theprocessofverifyingthecreditcardholder’s
identificationandcreditworthinessbeforeasalesorderisprocessedandfulfilled.
creditcardcapture(n)~Theprocessofverifyingthecreditcardholder’sidentification
andcreditworthinesswhenasalesorderisfulfilled.
creditcardpreauthorization(n)~Theprocessofverifyingthecreditcardholder’s
identificationandcreditworthinessbeforeasalesorderisprocessedandfulfilled.The
merchantasksthecreditcardcompanytoreducethecustomer’screditlinebytheinvoice
amountwithoutchargingtheaccount.Thepreauthorizationusuallyexpiresafterafixed
periodoftimedefinedbythecreditcardprocessor.
credithold(n)~Arestrictionplacedbythevendorthatpreventsabusinessorcustomer
fromchargingforworkorgoods.
Credithold(n)~Afieldnameontheaccountform.TheusercansetthisfieldtoYesor
Nodependingonwhetherthereisaholdontheaccount.
creditlimit(n)~Alimitplacedbyavendoronthemonetaryamountthatabusinessor
customercancharge.
Creditlimit(n)~Afieldnameontheaccountform.Theuserenterstheamountindollars
thatrepresentsthemaximumlimitoftheaccount.
creditlimitcheck(n)~Acalculationtodeterminewhetheracustomer’soutstanding
balanceiswithinthemaximumcreditallowedforthatcustomer.
creditnote(n)~Aninvoicewithanegativeamount.
Crime(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
criteria(n)~Conditionsyouspecifytolimitwhichrecordsareincludedintheresultsetof
aqueryorfilter.
Criteriapane(n)~Theareaofthewindowthatdisplaysthecriteriausedtolimitthe
recordsincludedintheresultsetofyourquery.
criticalalert(n)~Analertthatindicatesthataprotectiongrouprequiresimmediate
attention.Criticalproblemsarecausedbysignificantabnormal(unexpected)behaviorthat
affectsdataprotectedbyDPS.
criticalexception(oth)~Anexceptionthatleadstoamonitoredcomponent’sfailure.For
ASP.NETapplications,acriticalexceptionresultsintheuserseeingeitherthestandardor
acustomerrorpage.Forwebservices,criticalexceptionsarethosethatASP.NET
serializesintovalidSOAPmessagesontheserver-side,anddeserializestoSOAP
exceptionsontheASP.NETclient.
criticalfile(n)~Afilethatiscrucialforthesystemtoperform.
criticalpath(n)~Theseriesofactivitiesthatdeterminesthedurationoftheproject.Ina
deterministicmodel,thecriticalpathisusuallydefinedasthoseactivitieswithfloatless
thanorequaltoaspecifiedvalue,oftenzero.Itisthelongestpaththroughtheproject.
criticalpath(n)~Theseriesoftasksthatmustbecompletedonscheduleforaprojectto
finishonschedule.Eachtaskonthecriticalpathisacriticaltask.
criticalpathmethod(n)~Aprojectmanagementmethodofcalculatingthetotalduration
ofaprojectbasedonindividualtaskdurationsandtheirdependencies.
criticalsection(n)~Asegmentofcodewhichisnotreentrant;thatis,itdoesnotsupport
concurrentaccessbymultiplethreads.Often,acriticalsectionisusedtoprotectshared
resources.
criticaltask(n)~Ataskthatmustbecompletedonschedulefortheprojecttofinishon
time.Ifacriticaltaskisdelayed,theprojectcompletiondatemightalsobedelayed.A
seriesofcriticaltasksmakesupaproject’scriticalpath.
criticalupdate(n)~Abroadlyreleasedfixforaspecificproblemaddressingacritical,
non-securityrelatedbug.
CRL(n)~Adocumentmaintainedandpublishedbyacertificationauthoritythatlists
certificatesthathavebeenrevoked.
CRLissuer(n)~Theorganization(CA)whichissuedtheCRL.
CRM(n)~Theprocessofbuildingprofitablecustomerrelationshipsthroughthedelivery
ofhighlytargetedinteractionsatallcustomertouchpointsbyaligningmarketing,sales
andservicefunctionsandsystems.
CRM(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelpcompaniesmanage
customerrelationsandretention.
CRMBackEndServer(PN)~Aback-endserverinCRMthatrunstheserverroles,incl.
AsynchronousProcessingService,SandboxService,andSharePointIntegrationService.
CRMFrontEndServer(PN)~Afront-endserverinCRMthatrunsanumberofserver
roles,incl.theWebApplicationServer,OrganizationWebService,DiscoveryWeb
ServiceandHelpServer.
CRMMobileCustomization(n)~Atoolusedtocreateviewsthatareavailabletoall
mobileusers.Eachviewdefinesasubsetofdatathatisdesignedtofitonthescreenofthe
mobiledevice,andcanincludedatafromanyMicrosoftCRMattributesinsupported
recordtypes.CRMMobileCustomizationisalsousedtocustomizeformsusedbythe
CRMMobileapplicationonthedevice.
CRMMobileperimeternetworkcomponents(n)~TheMicrosoftCRMMobile
componentsthatareinstalledonaperimeternetworkIISserverineitherthestandardor
traditionalperimeternetworkconfigurationtoprovidesecureregistrationand
synchronizationwhenMicrosoftCRMMobileisavailableovertheInternet.
CRMMobileservercomponents(n)~Componentsthatyouusetoregisterdevices,
performtheinitialprovisioning,andperformsynchronizationofdatabetweenthemobile
deviceandtheMicrosoftCRMserverforavarietyofnetworkconfigurations.Includes
twotoolsforsystemadministrators:CRMMobileCustomizationandMobileDeployment
Manager
CRM-ExchangeE-mailRouter(PN)~Asoftwarecomponentthatprovidesaninterface
betweentheMicrosoftCRMsystemandExchange2000orExchange2003.
crop(v)~Totrimtheverticalorhorizontaledgesofanobject.Picturesareoftencropped
tofocusattentiononaparticulararea.
cropmark(n)~Amarkthatshowswhereapublicationpagewillbetrimmed.
crosshair(n)~Intersectinglinesusedbysomecomputerinputdevicestolocatea
particularx-y-coordinate.
crosshatch(n)~Shadingmadeupofregularlyspaced,intersectinglines.
crossjoin(n)~Alogicaloperatorwhichjoinseachrowfromthefirst(top)inputwith
eachrowfromthesecond(bottom)input.ItcanalsobecalledaCartesianjoin,sinceit
returnstheCartesianproductofthetwotables.
crossreferenceobject(n)~AnobjectinwhichActiveDirectorystoresinformationabout
directorypartitionsandexternaldirectoryservices.
crosssell(n)~Aspecifictypeofrelatedsellthatsuggeststousersaproductrelatedtothe
product(s)theyalreadyhaveintheirbaskets.
cross-databaseownershipchaining(n)~Anownershipchainthatspansmorethanone
database.
cross-docking(n)~Adistributionpracticeinwhichitemsflowfromreceivingto
shipping,withlimitedornostoragerequired.
cross-domainbarrier(n)~AnInternetExplorersecurityfeaturethatstopsscriptsand
DocumentObjectModel(DOM)objectsfromexecutingacrossdomains.
cross-domainlibrary(n)~AJavaScriptlibraryavailableinappsforSharePointtoallow
cross-domainclient-levelcommunication.
crossfade(n)~Amethodofsmoothlymovingfromonevideocliporphototoanother.
Withacrossfadetransition,theframesintheplayingclipfadeoutastheframesinthenew
clipfadein.Inthefilmindustry,thesameprocessiscalledadissolve.
cross-foot(v)~Toaddamountsacrossarow(horizontally).Theresultingtotalcanbe
checkedagainstatotalobtainedbyfooting(addingamountsvertically).
cross-forestauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationfeaturethatenablessecureaccessto
resourceswhentheuseraccountisinoneforestandthecomputeraccountisinanother
forest.Thisfeatureallowsuserstosecurelyaccessresourcesinotherforests,usingeither
KerberosorNTLM,withoutsacrificingthesinglesign-onandadministrativebenefitsof
havingonlyoneuserIDandpasswordmaintainedintheuser’shomeforest.
cross-forestmember(n)~Amemberofasecuritygroupwhoseuseraccountisina
differentforestfromthegroupaccount.
cross-functionalflowchart(n)~Atypeofflowchartthatshowstherelationshipbetween
abusinessprocessandthefunctionalunits(suchasdepartments)responsibleforthat
process.
cross-hatching(n)~Shadingmadeupofregularlyspaced,intersectinglines.Cross-
hatchingisoneofseveralmethodsforfillinginareasofagraphic.
crossingextent(n)~Theextentofacrossingfileoccupyingspaceonthevolumeofthe
owningfile.
cross-modelassociation(n)~Arelationshipthatallowsuserstodefinelinksbetween
referencedataelementstoenablefactdatamovement.
cross-modelmapping(n)~Aone-to-onecorrespondencethatabusinessrulecan
establishbetweenmembersordimensionsoftwoseparatemodels.
Crossover(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#139.
crossovercable(n)~Atypeofcablethatfacilitatesnetworkcommunications.Acrossover
cableinterconnectstwocomputersbyreversingtheirrespectivepincontacts.
cross-pageposting(n)~InASP.NETWebpages,theprocessofsubmittingapagetoa
specifiedtargetpageincontrasttosubmittingthepagetoitself.
cross-platform(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofasoftwareapplicationor
hardwaredevicethatcanberunoroperatedonmorethanonesystemplatform.
cross-premisesdeployment(n)~Adeploymentmodelinwhichpartofatenant
organization’smailboxes,files,orotherservices,arehostedandpartofthemarenot
hostedbutinsteadexistintheorganization’sownon-premisesdeployment.
cross-projectlink(n)~Arelationshipinwhichthestartorfinishdateofataskdepends
onataskinanotherproject.
cross-sitepublishing(n)~Acontentpublishingmodelinwhichmultiplesitesselectand
republishcontentthatisauthoredandmanagedinasinglesourcelocation.
cross-siterequestforgery(n)~AnattackwhereamaliciouswebsitemakesanHTTP
requesttoatargetwebsiteinsuchawaythatthewebsitethinksthattherequestispartofa
legitimateuser’ssession.
cross-slide(n)~Atouch-optimizedtechniqueforselectingormovinganitemwithina
contentareathatispannableinonedirectiononly.
crosstabquery(n)~Aquerythatcalculatesasum,average,count,orothertypeoftotal
onrecords,andthengroupstheresultbytwotypesofinformation:onedowntheleftside
ofthedatasheetandtheotheracrossthetop.
crosstabreport(n)~Printedinformationabouttasksandresourcesoveraspecifiedtime
period.TherearefivepredefinedcrosstabreportsinProject:CashFlow,Crosstab,
ResourceUsage,TaskUsage,andWhoDoesWhatWhen.
cross-validation(n)~Amethodforevaluatingtheaccuracyofadataminingmodel.
cross-varyingdimension(n)~InOLAPterminology,alistingofallvalidtuplesbyrule.
Crow’sFoot(n)~Aspecificationlanguagefordescribingdatastructures.Youcanusethe
Crow’sFootentityandrelationshipshapestodiagramthestructureofdatabases.
CRT(n)~Thebasisofthetelevisionscreenandthestandardmicrocomputerdisplay
screen.ACRTdisplayisbuiltaroundavacuumtubecontainingoneormoreelectronguns
whoseelectronbeamsrapidlysweephorizontallyacrosstheinsideofthefrontsurfaceof
thetube,whichiscoatedwithamaterialthatglowswhenirradiated.Eachelectronbeam
movesfromlefttoright,toptobottom,onehorizontalscanlineatatime.Tokeepthe
screenimagefromflickering,theelectronbeamrefreshesthescreen30timesormoreper
second.Theclarityoftheimageisdeterminedbythenumberofpixelsonthescreen.
CRT~(CathodeRayTube)-Theimagingtechnologyusedinolderdesktopmonitors.
Providesanexcellentcolourdisplay,butisextremelybulkyandiswidelybeingreplaced
byflatscreens.
CrudeHumor(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
crushedmicrodots(n)~Microdotsthataredistortedordamagedbetweenthediffuser
layersoftheSurfacedisplay.
cryptoagility(n)~Theabilityofsoftwaretosupportcustomer-preferredalgorithmsfor
encryption,hashing,entropyanddigitalsignatures.
CryptoAPIDiagnostics(PN)~Autilitythatcanonlybeenabledbyanadministratorand
whichlogseventsassociatedwithanapplicationsuseofcertificates.
cryptoescrowkey(n)~Asecondaryencryptionkeythatprovidestheabilityforan
authorizedITHelpdeskadministratortoopenanencrypteddocumentwhenthepassword
islost.
cryptokey(n)~Apieceofdatathatisrequiredtoinitializeacryptographicalgorithm.
cryptoset(n)~Aspecificgroupofcryptographysettings.
crypto-acceleratorboard(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatspeedsupcryptographic
operationsbyoffloadingoperationstoaspecialprocessorontheboard.
CryptoAPI(n)~An(API)thatisprovidedaspartofMicrosoftWindows.CryptoAPI
providesasetoffunctionsthatallowapplicationstoencryptordigitallysigndataina
flexiblemannerwhileprovidingprotectionfortheuser’ssensitiveprivatekeydata.Actual
cryptographicoperationsareperformedbyindependentmodulesknownas(CSPs).
CryptoAPI2.0(n)~TheAPIthatsupportsPKIandX.509certificates,suchascertificate
chainvalidation,certificatestores,andsignatureverification.
CryptoAPIComponentObjectModel(PN)~AMicrosoftActiveXcontrolthatprovides
aComponentObjectModel(COM)interfacetoMicrosoftCryptoAPI,whichexposesa
selectsetofCryptoAPIfunctionstoapplicationdevelopers.
cryptographicagility(n)~Theabilityofsoftwaretosupportcustomer-preferred
algorithmsforencryption,hashing,entropyanddigitalsignatures.
cryptographicalgorithm(n)~Amathematicalfunctionusedforencryptionand
decryption.Mostcryptographicalgorithmsarebasedonasubstitutioncipher,a
transpositioncipher,oracombinationofboth.
cryptographicdigest(n)~Theresultofaone-wayhashfunctionthattakesavariable-
lengthinputstringandconvertsittoafixed-lengthoutputstring.Thisfixed-lengthoutput
stringisprobabilisticallyuniqueforeverydifferentinputstringandthuscanactasa
fingerprintofafile.Itcanbeusedtodeterminewhetherafilewastamperedwith.
cryptographickey(n)~Apieceofdatathatisrequiredtoinitializeacryptographic
algorithm.
cryptographicserviceprovider(n)~Anindependentsoftwaremodulethatperforms
cryptographyalgorithmsforauthentication,encoding,andencryption.
cryptographicset(n)~Aspecificgroupofcryptographysettings.
cryptography(n)~Thestudyoranalysisofcodesandencodingmethodsusedtosecure
information.Cryptographyisusedtoprovideconfidentiality,dataintegrity,authentication
(entityanddataorigin),andnonrepudiation.
CryptographyApplicationProgrammingInterface(n)~An(API)thatisprovidedas
partofMicrosoftWindows.CryptoAPIprovidesasetoffunctionsthatallowapplications
toencryptordigitallysigndatainaflexiblemannerwhileprovidingprotectionforthe
user’ssensitiveprivatekeydata.Actualcryptographicoperationsareperformedby
independentmodulesknownas(CSPs).
CryptographyNextGeneration(PN)~AreplacementoftheCryptoAPIthatenables
supportforSuiteBcryptographicalgorithmssuchasellipticcurvecryptography(ECC).
CSAuthenticationresource(n)~ACommerceServerresourcewithglobal-level
properties,managedthroughCommerceServerManager.UseCSAuthenticationto
configureauthenticationoptionsforasite.
CSATIndex(n)~Asurveysolutiontoallowuserstounderstandandactoncustomer
feedback.
CSDL(n)~AnXML-basedlanguagethatisusedtodefinetheentitytypes,associations,
entitycontainers,entitysets,andassociationsetsofaconceptualmodel.
CSF(n)~Adevelopmentframeworkforthetargeteddeliveryofcontent.TheContent
SelectionFramework(CSF)providesthecomponentsyouusetobuildabusiness-specific
messagingsystem.CSFprovidesaplatformformakinghigh-speeddecisionstotarget
contenttousers.
CSFMoption(n)~AnareaontheSpamFilterpagethatgivesITadministratorsthe
abilitytoselectvariouscontentattributesofamessagethateitherincreasethepotentialfor
themessagetobequarantinedasspam(thespamscore’)orabsolutelyquarantine
messagesthatcontainspecificattributes.’
CSLIP(n)~AversionofSLIPusingcompressedInternetaddressinformation,thereby
makingtheprotocolfasterthanSLIP.
C-SLIP(n)~AversionofSLIPusingcompressedInternetaddressinformation,thereby
makingtheprotocolfasterthanSLIP.
CSM(n)~Seeclient-sidemonitoring.CSMisacommontagusedwhenclient-side
monitoringisturnedonforanapplication.Forexample,CSMCollector.
CSM(PN)~ThesetofinterfacesthatprovidesmethodstoinformtheWindowsSearch
engineaboutcontainerstocrawlanditemsunderthosecontainerstoincludeinorexclude
fromthecatalog.
CSMCollector(oth)~ApartoftheApplicationPerformanceMonitoring(APM)feature
thatreceivesclienteventsandstatisticsfromendusers.
CSO(PN)~AnInternetdirectoryservicethatmatchesusers’ownnameswithe-mail
addresses,generallyatcollegesanduniversities.TheCSOservice,whichcanbereached
throughGopher,wasoriginallydevelopedattheComputingServicesOfficeatthe
UniversityofIllinois.
CSOM(n)~AsetofAPIsforSharePointproducts.TheseAPIsarebasedontheserver
objectmodel,andcanbecalledfromclientssuchasdesktopPCsandmobiledevices.
CSP(n)~Anindependentsoftwaremodulethatperformscryptographyalgorithmsfor
authentication,encoding,andencryption.
CSP(PN)~TheMicrosoftprogramthatallowsexternalpartnerstosell,setup,and
manageOffice365accountsforsmallbusinesses,aswellassettheirownterms.
CSR(oth)~Anemployeewhoprovidesservicetothecustomersoftheorganizationor
businessunitthroughtheopeningandresolutionofcases,amongotheractivities.
CSR(n)~Technologythatenablesrenderingoperationstobehandledbytheclient.
CSRF(n)~AnattackwhereamaliciouswebsitemakesanHTTPrequesttoatarget
websiteinsuchawaythatthewebsitethinksthattherequestispartofalegitimateuser’s
session.
CSS(n)~AHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)specificationdevelopedbyTheWorld
WideWebConsortium(W3C)thatallowsauthorsofHTMLdocumentsanduserstoattach
stylesheetstoHTMLdocuments.Thestylesheetsincludetypographicalinformationon
howthepageshouldappear,suchasthefontofthetextinthepage.Thisspecificationalso
directsthewayinwhichthestylesheetsoftheHTMLdocumentandtheuser’sstylewill
blend.
CSS(n)~AfeatureinCommerceServer2006thatupdatesWebsitechangesfromone
environmenttoanother,forexample,fromatestingenvironmenttoaproduction
environment.ThesechangescanincludeWebsitepages,configurationsettings,and
databaseresources.
CSS~(CascadingStyleSheets)-Asetof-HTML-commandsusedtocontrolthestyleof
webpages,muchmorecomplexthanthetag-setitisintendedtoreplace,butalsomore
powerfulandparticularlyusefulforretainingauniformstyleacrossalargewebsite.
Generallyonlyusedbyprofessionalwebdesigners.
CSSselector(n)~Thenameoftheelementtypetowhichthedisplayinformationapplies.
CSTA(n)~AninternationalstandardestablishedbytheEuropeanComputer
ManufacturersAssociation(ECMA)thatspecifiesanapplication’sinterfaceandprotocols
formonitoringandcontrollingcallsanddevicesinacommunicationsnetwork.
CSV(n)~Adatafileconsistingoffieldsandrecords,storedastext,inwhichthefieldsare
separatedfromeachotherbycommas.
CSV(PN)~AfeaturethatsimplifiestheconfigurationandmanagementofHyper-V
virtualmachinesinfailoverclusters.WithCSV,onafailoverclusterthatrunsHyper-V,
multiplevirtualmachinescanusethesamediskyetfailoverindependentlyofoneanother.
CSVprovidesincreasedflexibilityforvolumesinclusteredstorage-€”forexample,it
allowsyoutokeepsystemfilesseparatefromdatatooptimizediskperformance,evenif
thesystemfilesandthedataarecontainedwithinvirtualharddiskfiles.
CSVimportfile(n)~Acommaseparatedvalue(CSV)fileusedtoprovisionmanynew
usersatonetime.
CSVLK(PN)~Auniquevolumelicensekeyusedtoactivateakeymanagementservice
(KMS)hostortoenablevolumesoftwarelicensestobeissuedandmanagedfromActive
Directory.
CT(n)~Atechniquethatproducesacomputer-processedX-rayimageofacrosssection
ofaninternalorganortissue.
CTAS(PN)~AT-SQLfeature(parallelizedoperation)thatcreatesanewtablebasedon
theoutputofaSELECTstatementusedwhentablewasnotcreatedearlierandneedstobe
createdwhendatafromonetableneedstobeinsertedintoanewlycreatedtablefrom
anothertable,withsamedatatypesasthatoftheselectedcolumns.
CTE(PN)~Atemporaryresultsetthatisdefinedwithintheexecutionscopeofasingle
SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,orCREATEVIEWstatement,similartoa
derivedtableinthatitisnotstoredasanobjectandlastsonlyforthedurationofthequery
butdifferentfromaderivedtable,aspossiblybeingself-referencingandreferenced
multipletimesinthesamequery.
CTI(n)~Thepracticeofusingacomputertocontroloneormoretelephoneand
communicationsfunctions.
CTI(PN)~Acompanythatprovidesreportingcomplianceservices.
CTIevent(n)~Aspecialpunctuationeventthatindicatesthecompletenessoftheexisting
events.
CTL(n)~Asignedlistofrootcertificationauthoritycertificatesthatanadministrator
considersreputablefordesignatedpurposes,suchasclientauthenticationorsecuree-mail.
CTO(n)~Pertainingtotheprocessofmanufacturingacomputeraccordingtoa
customer`sspecificationbycustomizingapre-existingimageofamasterinstallation.
CTP(n)~Theportionofproductoutputfromavailableoperationsresourcesandavailable
inputproductrequiredtofulfillaspecificcustomerrequirement.
CTRL(n)~Akeythat,whenpressedincombinationwithanotherkey,givestheotherkey
analternativemeaning.
CTRLkey(n)~Akeythat,whenpressedincombinationwithanotherkey,givestheother
keyanalternativemeaning.
Ctrl+Break(oth)~Akeyorcombinationofkeysusedtotellacomputertohalt,orbreak
outof,whateveritisdoing.OnIBMPCsandcompatiblesunderDOS,pressingthePause/
BreakorScrollLock/BreakkeywhileholdingdowntheCtrlkeyissuesthebreak
command(asdoesCtrl-C).OnMacintoshcomputers,thekeycombinationthatsendsa
breakcodeisCommand-period.
CTS(n)~Acontrolpacketthatadestinationstationsendstoindicateitsreadinessto
receivedata.Adestinationstationrespondstoarequesttosend(RTS)bytransmittinga
CTS.
CTS(n)~Thespecificationthatdetermineshowthecommonlanguageruntimedefines,
uses,andmanagestypes.
CUA(n)~AclientprogramsuchasMicrosoftOutlook.Calendarinformationcanbesent
betweencalendaruseragentsthatcomplywiththeiCalendarspecification.
cube(n)~Asetofdatathatisorganizedandsummarizedintoamultidimensional
structurethatisdefinedbyasetofdimensionsandmeasures.
CubeBuildService(PN)~AservicethatmanagestheOLAPcubesforProjectServer
reporting.
cubedefinition(n)~Information,storedbytheOLAPCubeWizardinan.oqyfile,that
defineshowtoconstructanOLAPcubeinmemoryusingdataretrievedfromarelational
database.
cuberole(n)~Acollectionofusersandgroupswiththesameaccesstoacube.Acube
roleiscreatedwhenyouassignadatabaseroletoacube,anditappliesonlytothatcube.
cubicBeziercurve(n)~Acurvedescribedbytwoendpointsandtwocontrolpoints.
cue(n)~Anicondepictingastackofpapersthatrepresentfilteredlists.Thecueappears
intheActivitieshomepartontheRoleCenter.Theheightofeachcueroughlyrepresents
thenumberofentitiesintheunderlyinglist;asthenumberofentitiesincreases,theheight
ofthecueincreases.
Cult(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#58.
culture(n)~Inmanagedcode,aclassofinformationaboutaparticularnationorpeople
includingtheircollectivename,writingsystem,calendarused,andconventionsfor
formattingdatesandsortingstrings.
cumulativethreshold(n)~Themaximumlimitofacumulativetransactionvalue,upto
whichataxonthetransactionvalueisnotcalculated.
cumulativeupdate(n)~Aroll-upupdatethatcontainsallpreviouscriticalon-demand
hotfixestodate.
curate(v)~Editorconfirmasentimentvalueforapost.
curfew(n)~Thetimeortimesduringthedaythatachildisrestrictedfromusingthe
computer.
currency(n)~Anyformofmoney,includingbillsandcoins,usedasamediumof
exchange.
Currency(n)~An8-byte,fixed-pointdatatypethatisusefulforcalculationsinvolving
moneyorforfixed-pointcalculationsinwhichaccuracyisextremelyimportant.The
Currencydatatypeisusedtostorenumberswithupto15digitstotheleftofthedecimal
pointand4digitstotheright.Thetype-declarationcharacterinMicrosoft-©VisualBasic-
©isanatsign(@).Currencycanrangefrom-922,337,203,685,477.5808to
922,337,203,685,477.5807.
currency(n)~Amediumofexchangeincirculationthatisnotlimitedtomoney.
currencycode(n)~Analphanumericidentifierthatrepresentsacurrencyunit.
currencyconversion(n)~Theprocessofrestatingforeigncurrencyaccountsof
subsidiariesintoequivalentcurrency(usuallythereportingcurrencyoftheparent
company),inordertoprepareconsolidatedfinancialstatementsinthenativecurrencyof
theparentcompany.
currencyconversionrate(n)~Themultiplierusedforconvertingthebasecurrencyof
theWebsitetothebuyercurrencyorsuppliercurrency.
CurrencyConverter(PN)~Acalculatortoolthatconvertsthevalueorquantityofone
currencyintotherelativevaluesorquantitiesofothercurrencies.
currencyexchange(n)~Theprocessofrestatingforeigncurrencyaccountsof
subsidiariesintoequivalentcurrency(usuallythereportingcurrencyoftheparent
company),inordertoprepareconsolidatedfinancialstatementsinthenativecurrencyof
theparentcompany.
currencyLCID(n)~Avaluethatidentifiesthelocaleforcurrencyhandling.Thedefault
valueiszero,whichusesthedefaultlocaleIDoftheserver.
currencylocaleidentifier(n)~Avaluethatidentifiesthelocaleforcurrencyhandling.
Thedefaultvalueiszero,whichusesthedefaultlocaleIDoftheserver.
currencysymbol(n)~Asymbolselectedtodesignateaspecificcurrency.
currencytranslation(n)~Theprocessofrestatingforeigncurrencyaccountsof
subsidiariesintoequivalentcurrency(usuallythereportingcurrencyoftheparent
company),inordertoprepareconsolidatedfinancialstatementsinthenativecurrencyof
theparentcompany.
currencyunit(n)~Adiscretedivisionofcurrencyvalue.
current(Adverb)~Pertainingtoanaccountstatusindicatingthatpaymentsareup-to-
date.
currentcell(n)~Theselectedcellinwhichdataisenteredwhenyoubegintyping.Only
onecellisactiveatatime.Theactivecellisboundedbyaheavyborder.
CurrentConversationsgroup(n)~Agroup,atthetopoftheContactList,usedtoshow
anyongoingoropeninstantmessagingconversations.
currentcost(n)~Themostrecentpriceofaproductorservice.
currentdirectory(n)~Thefirstdirectoryinwhichtheoperatingsystemlooksfor
programsanddatafilesandstoresfilesforoutput.
currentliability(n)~Anobligationthatisduewithinashortperiodoftime,usuallyone
yearorless,andwhichwillbepaidoutofcurrentassets.
currentperiod(n)~Adynamiccyclepropertythatyousettodefineeitherthestartorend
ofthedataperiodforthecycle.
currentrecord(n)~Therecordinarecordsetthatyoucanmodifyorretrievedatafrom.
Thereisonlyonecurrentrecordinarecordset,butarecordsetmayhavenocurrent
record,forexample,afterarecordhasbeendeletedfromadynaset-typerecordset.
currentregion(n)~Theblockoffilled-incellsthatincludesthecurrentlyselectedcellor
cells.Theregionextendsinalldirectionstothefirstemptyroworcolumn.
currenttimeincrementevent(n)~Aspecialpunctuationeventthatindicatesthe
completenessoftheexistingevents.
currentuser(n)~Theauthenticateduserduringprocessingoperationsinafront-endWeb
serverandaback-enddatabaseserver.
currentversion(n)~VersionofafilemostrecentlystoredinaVisualSourceSafe
database.Thecurrentversionofthefilehasthehighestversionnumber.
curriculumvitae(n)~Adetailedsummaryofone’sacademicandworkhistoryand
experience,includinginformationaboutresearch,publications,and/oracademicor
personalinterestsandachievements.
curriculumvitae(n)~Asummaryofone’sacademicandworkhistory,usuallysubmitted
withajobapplication.
currieddelegate(n)~Adelegatethatishandledthroughcurriedfunctions.
cursor(n)~Arepresentationonthescreenofthemousepointerlocation.Inadocumentor
file,itusuallyappearsasablinkingverticallinetoindicatewhereyoucaninserttextor
graphics.Inotherapplications,itcanappearasacrossorasanarrow.
cursor(n)~Anentitythatmapsoveraresultsetandestablishesapositiononasinglerow
withintheresultset.
Cursor~Therepresentationofthemouseonthescreen.Itmaytakemanydifferent
shapes.Example:I-beam,arrowpointer,andhand.
cursorblinkrate(n)~Therateatwhichthecursorindicatingtheactiveinsertionpointin
atextwindow,orotherdisplayelement,flashesonandoff.
cursorcontroller(n)~Thebuttonandarrowsonamobilekeyboardthatenablecustomers
tomovethetextcursorwithintext.
cursordatatype(n)~Aspecialdatatypeusedtoreferenceacursor.
cursordegradation(n)~Thereturnofadifferenttypeofcursorthantheuserhad
declared.
cursorkey(n)~Anyoffourkeyslabeledwitharrowspointingup,down,left,andright,
usedtomovethecursorverticallyorhorizontallyonthedisplayscreenor,insome
programs,toextendthehighlight.
cursorlibrary(n)~ApartoftheODBCandDB-Libraryapplicationprogramming
interfaces(APIs)thatimplementsclientcursors
curve(n)~InDirectMusic,acontinuousseriesofeventswithastartandendvalue,such
asvolumefade.
curve(n)~Aroundedline.
curve(n)~Ashaperepresentingasinglepathinacoordinatesystem.Thisisanabstract
type;itsimplementationsdefinehowtointerpolatebetweencontrolpoints.
cusp(n)~Apeak,angle,radicalchangeofdirectionorendpointofastroke.
custodian(n)~Someonewhohasfullaccesstoalltheinformationinarecord,withthe
abilitytosee,change,share,anddeleteanyofthatinformation.
custodianaccess(n)~Thehighestlevelofaccess.
customaction(n)~Adropdownmenuitemorribboncomponentthatisaddedtoasite
page.
customadapter(n)~Acustompieceofcodethatadeveloperwritesandplacesbeforea
receivepipelineorafterasendpipelinetointerfacewithadaptersand/orapplications.
CustomAnimationlist(n)~Thelistofanimationsequencesforaslide.Itemsarelisted
intheorderinwhichtheyareadded,andincludeiconsthatindicatetiminginrelationto
otheranimationevents.
customattribute(n)~Aclassusedtorepresentcustommetadata.
custombuildrule(n)~Abuildruledefinedbytheuser,typicallytocallatoolthatisnot
partofthenormalVisualStudiobuildprocess.
customcalculation(n)~AmethodofsummarizingvaluesinthedataareaofaPivotTable
reportbyusingthevaluesinothercellsinthedataarea.UsetheShowdataaslistonthe
PivotTableFielddialogforadatafieldtocreatecustomcalculations.
customclientcontrol(n)~Acustomcontrolauthoredbyauserorathird-partysoftware
vendorinWindowsFormsapplications.
customcollection(n)~Acollectionofaudiofiles(forexample,songs)thatisrepresented
byaninteractiveobjectinMusicandthatyousetupinWindowsMediaPlayer.In
contrast,albumsarepredefinedcollectionsofsongsfromaCDordigitaldownload.
customcolor(n)~AcolorintheVisioapplicationthatisstoredwithashapeasanRGB
orHSLvalueratherthanasanindextothedocument’scolorpalette.Acustomcoloris
savedonlywiththeshapetowhichitisapplied.
customcolorpalette(n)~Asetofcolorsonapalettewithupto256specificcolorentries.
CustomColumns(n)~Agroupingofcolumnheadingsonareport.
CustomConnector(PN)~A.NETassemblycreatedusingVisualStudiothatprovides
customconnectionlogic.
customcontrol(n)~Aformcomponent,suchasatemplatepartorActiveXcontrol,that
isn’tincludedwithInfoPathbydefault.Formdesignerscanaddorremovecustom
controlsbyusingtheControlstaskpane.
customcontrol(n)~Acontrolauthoredbyauserorathird-partysoftwarevendor.
customdevice(n)~Amicrophoneandspeakercombinationconfiguredbytheuserin
LyncandOfficeCommunicator.
customdialogbox(n)~Amodalpop-upformyoucreatetoasktheuserforadditional
informationortodisplayamessage.
customdialogcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetocreateacustomdialog.
customdictionary(n)~Auserdictionarythatcontainsalistofwordsnotinthe
applicationdictionarythatanauthorwantsthespellingcheckertoacceptascorrect.
customdomain(n)~Adomainnamewhosepurposeistoexpresstheindividualityofthe
persononwhosebehalfitisregistered.Customdomainsareoftensubdomains,and
contrastwithdomainnameswhichresolvetoanorganization(e.g.acompany)oraservice
thatorganizationoffers.
customdriveraccess(n)~DeviceIOControlto3rdpartydriver,aformofrestricted
deviceinterfaceaccessforprivilegedapps
customeditor(n)~Aneditorthatallowsyoutoview,edit,compare,ormergecontent
insideaSourceSafedatabase.
customexpression(n)~Apropertyvaluethatishand-edited.
Customexpression(n)~Anexpressioninsomescriptinglanguagedescribinghowa
valueistobetransformedinflowingfromanattributeofanentryinonedirectorytoan
attributeofanentryinanother.
customextractiondictionary(n)~Auserdefineddictionarythatlistssinglewordsor
phrasesthatthesystemmatchestowordsinthecontentineitheracase-sensitivewayora
case-insensitiveway,dependingonthetypeofdictionarythatisused.
customfield(n)~Afieldyoucancreate.Acustomfieldcanbeablank,combination,or
formulafield.
customform(n)~Aformthatyoucustomizetobetterfityourneeds.
customgroup(n)~Anitemofacustomgroupfield.Acustomgroupcontainstwoor
moreitemsfromaroworcolumnfield.
customgroupfield(n)~Afieldintheroworcolumnareathatcontainscustomgroupsas
itsitems.
custominstall(n)~Atypeofinstallationthatallowstheusertospecifycertaininstallation
settingsandoptions,suchaswhichcomponentswillbeinstalled.
custominstallation(n)~Atypeofinstallationthatallowstheusertospecifycertain
installationsettingsandoptions,suchaswhichcomponentswillbeinstalled.
customlocale(n)~Alocalethatsupportsinternationalproperties,providingamore
culturallyappropriateuserexperiencethanthosefurnishedwiththestandardlocales
shippedbyMicrosoftwiththeoperatingsystem.Theuseofcustomlocalesenables
administratorstoextendthesetoflocalesprovidedbyMicrosoftortoreplacethedataina
localethatshipswithWindows;forexample,currencysymbolsornamesofthemonthsof
theyear.
customlogo(n)~Anorganization’slogothatanadministratorcanuploadtoreplacethe
Office365logointheupper-leftcornerofthewebsite.
custommap(n)~Amapthatyouaddtoyourapplication,asopposedtoamapthatis
availablebydefault(intheapplication).
customorder(n)~User-definedsortorder.Forexample,youcoulddefineacustomsort
ordertodisplayvaluesintheEmployeeTitlecolumnonthebasisofthetitle’sseniority.
customOSimage(n)~Theuser-customizedvirtualharddisks(VHDs)thatdefinethe
operatingenvironmenthostedbytheVMrole.
custompalette(n)~Asetofcolorsonapalettewithupto256specificcolorentries.
CustomPanelpane(n)~Aclientelementthatdisplaysoptionalstreamingmediafeedsto
presentersandattendees.
custompathexpression(n)~WhendatabindingtoaCLRdatasourceoranotherobject,
adatapathorbindingexpressionthatishand-edited.
customphrase(n)~AwordorphrasethattheadministratorsetsfortheContentFilter
agenttoevaluatethecontentofane-mailmessageandapplyappropriatefilterprocessing.
customplug-in(n)~Atypeofplug-increatedbyathird-partyvendorthatistightly
integratedwiththeWindowsMediaServicesplatformarchitecture.
customprice(n)~Thepricecalculatedaccordingtospecificpricingrulesthatapplyto
productsinavirtualcatalog.Therearethreetypesofcustomprices:percentageoff,fixed
amountoff,andexplicitprice.
customprofile(n)~Agroupofsettings,definedbyanenduser,forconfiguringthe
encoderoutput.
custompropertiesdialogbox(n)~Acustompropertysheetthatallowsuserstoset
propertiesforanActiveXcontrol.
customproperty(n)~Acharacteristicorparameterofanobjectordevicethatcanbe
definedbytheuser.
customproperty(n)~Ametabasepropertythatisnotpredefinedinthemetabaseschema
(MBSchema.xml)andiscreatedprogrammaticallytomeetaspecificneed.
customrecipient(n)~InExchange5.5andearlier,acustomrecipientisauserwhoisnot
hostedbyExchange.InExchange2003,suchuserscanbeaddedtoActiveDirectoryas
contacts,Windowsusers,oruserswhoseWindowsaccountsaredisabled.Inanycase,
theyaremail-enabled,butnotmailbox-enabled,becausetheirmailboxesarehostedon
anothermessagingsystem.
customrepeat(n)~Arecurringmeetingthatdoesnothaveastandardpatternofdaily,
weekly,monthly,etc.
CustomReport(n)~Arepresentationofstatisticsanddatathatisorganizedandcreated
byaCSR.
customrollup(n)~Anaggregationcalculationthatiscustomizedforadimensionlevelor
member,andthatoverridestheaggregatefunctionsofacube’smeasures.
customrule(n)~Inarole,aspecificationthatlimitsthedimensionmembersorcubecells
thatusersintherolearepermittedtoaccess.
customservercontrol(n)~Acustomcontrolauthoredbyauserorathird-partysoftware
vendorinWebForms(ASP.NETpages)
customshow(n)~Apresentationwithinapresentationinwhichyougroupslidesinan
existingpresentationsothatyoucanshowthatsectionofthepresentationtoaparticular
audience.
customsolution(n)~Acollectionofcomponentsthathavebeenpackagedtogetherto
provideacohesivesolutiontoacustomerproblem.
CustomSpamFilterManagementoption(n)~AnareaontheSpamFilterpagethat
givesITadministratorstheabilitytoselectvariouscontentattributesofamessagethat
eitherincreasethepotentialforthemessagetobequarantinedasspam(thespamscore’)
orabsolutelyquarantinemessagesthatcontainspecificattributes.’
customsubnetmask(n)~AsubnetmaskthatisnotbasedontheInternetaddressclasses.
Customsubnetmasksarecommonlyusedwhensubnetting.
customtable(n)~Atypeoffilterthatenablesuserstochoosefromalistandthendrive
dashboardcontentfrommultipledatasources.
customtaskpane(n)~An.htmlfilewhosecontentisdisplayedinawindownexttoa
form.Customtaskpanescanprovideform-specificcommandsandHelpcontent.
CustomTaskWizard(n)~Awizardthatwillhelpuserstodefineacustomtaskfortheir
workflow.CustomTaskcanbeusedtocollectinformationfromworkflowparticipants.
ThatinformationwillbestoredintheTaskslistforthesiteandcanbeusedlaterinthe
workflowviaworkflowlookup.
customtheming(n)~Theprocessofcustomizingthelookandfeelofthesitetoreflect
thecompany’sstyle.Anadministratorcancustomizethelogo,changethebackground
imageandthemecolors,andchangethehomepage’sURL
customtoolbar(n)~Atoolbarthatyoucreateforyourapplication.
customupdate(n)~Anupdate,patch,orupgradetosoftwareotherthanthoseavailable
throughMicrosoftUpdate.
customvariable(n)~Avariableprovidedbypackagedevelopers.
customvolume(n)~AvolumethatisnotintheDPMstoragepoolandisspecifiedto
storethereplicaandrecoverypointsforaprotectiongroupmember.
customer(n)~Apersonorcompanytowhomyourcompanysellsproductsorservices.
customer(n)~Theaccountorcontactwithwhichabusinessunitconductsabusiness
transaction.
Customer(n)~Apersonororganizationthatusesanyoftheproductsorservicesthatyour
organizationprovidesandwhotakesadvantageofthesupportresourcesyouprovide
throughParature.
customeraccountstatement(n)~Aformthatcanbesenttocustomersthatincludesthe
customer’sbalanceandamountdueforthestatementperiod.
customeradvance(n)~Apaymentreceivedfromacustomerinanticipationofthe
deliveryofitemsoroftheperformanceofaservice.
CustomerandOrdersManager(n)~TheCommerceServerBusinessManagementuser
interfacethatyouusetoviewcustomerandorderstatusinformationanddisplayallthe
associateddetails.
customerdata(n)~Alldata,includingalltext,sound,imagefiles,orsoftware,givento
Microsoftby,oronbehalfof,CustomeroritsAffiliatesthroughuseofanOnlineService
orinconnectionwithProfessionalServices.
customerdiscount(n)~Apricereductionforaparticularcustomer.
CustomerExperienceImprovementProgram(PN)~AMicrosoftprogramthatinvites
customerstoprovideMicrosoftwithmoredetailedinformationabouthowthesoftwareis
usedincludingthetypeandfrequencyoferrors,softwareandhardwareperformance,and
featureusage.Thisinformationisanonymousandvoluntary,andisusedstrictlyforthe
purposesofsoftwaredevelopment.
CustomerFeedback(n)~AtabintheArrayManagmentfeaturethatenablestheuserjoin
theCustomerExperienceImprovementProgram.
customergroup(n)~Aclassificationofcustomersthatsharekeycharacteristics.
customerinvoice(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsacustomerpaymentrequest.
Whenapaymentisreceived,itcanbematchedtotheinvoice.
customerlead(n)~Apotentialcustomerwhomustbecontactedbyasalespersonand
eitherqualifiedordisqualifiedasasalesopportunity.Leadswillbeconvertedinto
accounts,contacts,oropportunitiesiftheyarequalified.Otherwisetheyaredeletedor
archived.
customerloyaltyprogram(n)~Astructuredprogramthatrewardscustomerswith
incentivesorotherbenefitsforloyalbuyingbehavior.
customerpool(n)~Aquerythatdefinesagroupofcustomersthatcanbedisplayedand
managedforcollectionsoragingprocesses.
customerrelationsmanagement(n)~Thebusinessarearelatedtomanaginga
company’sinteractionswithitscustomers,includingsales,service,anddeliveryof
product.Softwaresolutionsaredesignedandimplementedspecificallytomanagethis
businessarea.
customerrelationship(n)~Anassociationbetweenacustomer(accountorcontact)anda
partner(accountorcontact).
customerrelationshipmanagement(n)~Theprocessofbuildingprofitablecustomer
relationshipsthroughthedeliveryofhighlytargetedinteractionsatallcustomertouch
pointsbyaligningmarketing,salesandservicefunctionsandsystems.
customerretention(n)~Theabilitytomaintaincustomerloyalty.
CustomerSatisfactionIndex(n)~Asurveysolutiontoallowuserstounderstandandact
oncustomerfeedback.
customerservice(n)~Awidevarietyofactivitiesintendedtoensurethatcustomers
receivethegoodsandservicestheyrequiretosatisfytheirneedsorwantsinthemost
effectiveandefficientmannerpossible.
customerservice(n)~Abusinessdepartmentthatdealswithroutineinquiriesand
complaintsfromcustomers.
customerservicecenter(n)~Abusinessdepartmentthatdealswithroutineinquiriesand
complaintsfromcustomers.
customerservicerepresentative(n)~Anemployeewhoprovidesservicetothe
customersoftheorganizationorbusinessunitthroughtheopeningandresolutionofcases,
amongotheractivities.
CustomerServiceRepresentative(CSR)(n)~AParatureServiceDeskuserandsupport
agent.
customerstatement(n)~Aformthatcanbesenttocustomersthatincludesthe
customer’sbalanceandamountdueforthestatementperiod.
customersupport(n)~Abusinessdepartmentthatdealswithroutineinquiriesand
complaintsfromcustomers.
customertradeagreement(n)~Afixed-priceagreementthatacompanyentersintowith
oneormorecustomersinrelationtosalespricesordiscountsforcostsassociatedwiththe
completionofaproject(labor,expenses,andfees).
customerverification(PN)~Thevalidationthatacustomer’scredentialsmeetthecriteria
toaccessandusearesource.
customerverificationprogram(n)~Anapplicationortooltovalidateacustomer’s
credentials.
customer-specificvolumelicensekey(n)~Auniquevolumelicensekeyusedtoactivate
akeymanagementservice(KMS)hostortoenablevolumesoftwarelicensestobeissued
andmanagedfromActiveDirectory.
customizablecomponent(n)~Asolutioncomponentthat,onceprotectedandinstalled,
canbemodified,butnotdeleted,byasolution.
customization(n)~Themodificationof,oradditionsto,hardwareorsoftwaretofitthe
needsofaspecificbusinessorcustomer.
customize(v)~Tomodifyorassemblehardwareorsoftwaretosuittheneedsor
preferencesoftheuser.
Customize(PN)~TheSwaybuttonthatprovidesuserswithamenuofdifferentstyle
modificationsthatcanbeappliedtotheirsway.
customizedscorecard(n)~Ascorecardthatiscreatedwithoutusingatemplate.
cut(v)~Toremovepartofadocument,usuallyplacingittemporarilyinmemorysothat
thecutportioncanbeinserted(pasted)elsewhere.
cutandpaste(n)~Aprocedureinwhichthecomputeractsasanelectroniccombination
ofscissorsandglueforreorganizingadocumentorforcompilingadocumentfrom
differentsources.Incutandpaste,theportionofadocumenttobemovedisselected,
removedtostorageinmemoryorondisk,andthenreinsertedintothesameoradifferent
document.
cutovermigration(n)~Ane-mailmigrationprocessthatprovisionsnewcloud-based
mailboxesandthenmigratesmailboxdatatothecloudfromanon-premisesExchange
server.Cutover’referstothefactthatallon-premisesmailboxesaremigratedin
preparationformovingtheentiree-mailorganizationtothecloud
Cut-through~TechniqueforexaminingincomingpacketswhereEthernetswitchlooks
onlyatfirstfewbytesofpacketbeforeforwardingorfilteringit.Fasterthanlookingat
wholepacketbutallowssomebadpacketstobeforwarded.
CV(n)~Adetailedsummaryofone’sacademicandworkhistoryandexperience,
includinginformationaboutresearch,publications,and/oracademicorpersonalinterests
andachievements.
CV(n)~Asummaryofone’sacademicandworkhistory,usuallysubmittedwithajob
application.
CVV(n)~Acodethatcreditcardcompaniesusetoauthorizecreditcardcharges.For
example,AmericanExpressusesafour-digitnumberonthefrontofthecreditcard,and
Visa,MasterCard,andDiscoveruseathree-digitnumberontheback.
cxn(n)~Alinkagebetweenagroupofon-premises(local)endpointsandtherole
instancesforaMicrosoftAzuredeployment.Aconnectionenablestheendpointsinthe
grouptoconnecttoinstancesintheMicrosoftAzuredeployment,andviceversa.
cyan(n)~AcolorthatisessentialtotheCMYcolormodelandtheCMYKcolor-mxing
method.
cyan-magenta-yellow-black(n)~Acolormodelforcommercialprintingthatproducesa
widerangeofcolorsbymixingvaryingpercentagesofcyan,magenta,yellow,andblack
inks.
CyberSourceCorp(PN)~AneCommerceservicescompanythatprovideselectronic
paymentandfraudpreventionservices.
Cyberspace~Looselyspeaking,theinternet,andvirtualplacesthereon.Cyberisusedas
aprefixmeaningrelatedtocomputersortheinternet.
Cybersquatter~Someonewhobuysupinternetdomainnamesinordertosellthemonat
aprofit.
cycle(n)~Auser-definedperiodoftimeduringwhichyoucanscheduleformdataentry,
review,orapproval,orreportrevieworapprovalthroughassignments,orscheduleserver
actions,alsoknownasjobs.Cyclealsodefinesthetimeperiodforwhichdatacanbe
submitted.
Cycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayouttypethatincludeslayoutsdesignedtoshowa
continualprocess.
cyclechart(n)~Achartthatsurfacescyclicalpatternsindatabycomparingthe
performanceforcertaintimeperiods,suchasdaysoftheweekormonths,overtime.
cyclecounting(n)~Aninventorycountingmethodwhereitemsthatarestoredindifferent
warehouselocationsarecountedtoverifytheon-handinventorylevelsandtofacilitate
inventory-levelcorrections.
cycledefinition(n)~Essentially,atemplateusedtocreatecycleinstances.Anyeditsto
thecycledefinitionareappliedtoeverysubsequently-createdcycleinstancethatisbased
onthatcycledefinition.
cyclediagram(n)~Adiagramthatisusedtoshowaprocessthathasacontinuouscycle.
cycleenddate(n)~Thedefinedendofaperiodoftimeduringwhichcycleitemsare
activeandcanbeactedupon.
cycleenddate(n)~Thefinaldateoftheactiveperiodonwhichthevariable
compensationawardisbased.
cycleinstance(n)~Aspecificoccurrenceofacycledefinition.
CycleMatrix(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowtherelationshiptoacentral
ideainacyclicalprogression.EachofthefirstfourlinesofLevel1textcorrespondstoa
wedgeorpieshape,andLevel2textappearsinarectangularshapetothesideofthe
wedgeorpieshape.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitch
layouts.
cyclestartdate(n)~Thedefinedbeginningofaperiodoftimeduringwhichcycleitems
areactiveandcanbeactedupon.
cyclestartdate(n)~Thebeginningdateoftheactiveperiodonwhichthevariable
compensationawardisbased.
cycletime(n)~Thetimetakentocompleteanactivity.
cyclicprotection(n)~AtypeofprotectionbetweentwoDPMserverswhereeachserver
protectsthedataontheother.
cyclicredundancycheck(n)~Aprocedureusedincheckingforerrorsindata
transmission.CRCerrorcheckingusesacomplexcalculationtogenerateanumberbased
onthedatatransmitted.Thesendingdeviceperformsthecalculationbeforetransmission
andincludesitinthepacketthatitsendstothereceivingdevice.Thereceivingdevice
repeatsthesamecalculationaftertransmission.Ifbothdevicesobtainthesameresult,itis
assumedthatthetransmissionwaserrorfree.Theprocedureisknownasaredundancy
checkbecauseeachtransmissionincludesnotonlydatabutextra(redundant)error-
checkingvalues.CommunicationsprotocolssuchasXMODEMandKermitusecyclical
redundancychecking.
cyclicalredundancycheck(n)~Aprocedureusedincheckingforerrorsindata
transmission.CRCerrorcheckingusesacomplexcalculationtogenerateanumberbased
onthedatatransmitted.Thesendingdeviceperformsthecalculationbeforetransmission
andincludesitinthepacketthatitsendstothereceivingdevice.Thereceivingdevice
repeatsthesamecalculationaftertransmission.Ifbothdevicesobtainthesameresult,itis
assumedthatthetransmissionwaserrorfree.Theprocedureisknownasaredundancy
checkbecauseeachtransmissionincludesnotonlydatabutextra(redundant)error-
checkingvalues.CommunicationsprotocolssuchasXMODEMandKermitusecyclical
redundancychecking.
cylinderchart(n)~Avariationonacolumnchartthatusescylindershapesinsteadof
rectangularcolumns.
cylindricalprojection(n)~Theresultofprojectinganimageontoacylinder.
D~
D3D(PN)~Avirtualizedrepresentationofdedicatedgraphicshardwareresources.
Direct3Dprovidesastandardizedimplementationofthecommongraphicsprocessing
pipeline.
D-4~Adigitalmultiplexerusedtoconvert24voicegradeanalogordatachannelsinto
DS1.
DAC(n)~AapplicationthatcapturestheSQLServerdatabaseandinstanceobjectsused
byaclient-serveror3-tierapplication.
DACinstance(n)~AcopyofaDACdeployedonaninstanceoftheDatabaseEngine.
TherecanbemultipleDACinstancesonthesameinstanceoftheDatabaseEngine.
DACpackage(n)~AnXMLmanifestthatcontainsalloftheobjectsdefinedforthe
DAC;thepackagegetscreatedwhenadeveloperbuildsaDACproject.
DACpackagefile(n)~TheXMLfilethatisthecontainerofaDACpackage.
DACplacementpolicy(n)~APBMpolicythatcomprisesasetofconditions,which
serveasprerequisitesonthetargetinstanceofSQLServerwheretheDACcanbe
deployed.
DACproject(n)~AVisualStudioprojectusedbydatabasedeveloperstocreateand
developaDAC.DACprojectsgetfullsupportfromVisualStudioandVSTSsourcecode
control,versioning,anddevelopmentprojectmanagement.
DACL(n)~Anaccesscontrollistthatiscontrolledbytheownerofanobjectandthat
specifiestheaccessparticularusersorgroupscanhavetotheobject.
daemon(n)~Aprogram,usuallyassociatedwithUNIXsystems,thatrunsinthe
backgroundandperformshousekeepingormaintenancefunctionswithoutuser
interventionorawareness.
DaFont~DaFontisanarchiveoffreelydownloadablefonts.Fontsarecategorizedby
theme,andcanalsobesortedbyname,date,andpopularity.http://www.dafont.com/
DAG(n)~Agroupofupto16Mailboxserversthathostasetofdatabasesandprovide
automaticdatabase-levelrecoveryfromfailuresthataffectindividualserversordatabases.
dagger(n)~The-€character.
DAGGER(n)~The-€character.
dailybackup(n)~Abackupthatcopiesallselectedfilesthathavebeenmodifiedtheday
thedailybackupisperformed.Thebacked-upfilesarenotmarkedashavingbeenbacked
up(inotherwords,thearchiveattributeisnotcleared).
DailyReport(PN)~AreportthatisautomaticallygeneratedbyWindowsMidmarket
Serverandsenttosubscribedadministratorsviae-mail.
DailyTaskList(n)~ThenameofapaneatthebottomoftheCalendarmodulewhere
tasksaredisplayed.Tasksthatarecompletedonaparticulardaystick’tothedayandare
shownasarecordofwhatworkwasperformedonthatday.Tasksnotcompletedrollover
tothenextdayandaccumulateuntilcompleted.’
DamagepotentialReproducibilityExploitabilityAffectedusersDiscoverability(oth)~
Arankingoftheriskthatisassociatedwithavulnerabilityorasecurityrequirement.
Dance(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#3.
Dancehall(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#125.
DAO(n)~Aprogramminginterfacetoaccessandmanipulatedatabaseobjects.
DAR(n)~Adevicethatreceivesdigitalaudiowirelesslyfromyourcomputerand
broadcastsittoTVsetsorstereosaroundyourhome.
dark(n)~Athemesettingthatconsistsofablackbackground.
darkfiber~Fiber-opticcabledeploymentsthatarenotyetbeingusedtocarrynetwork
traffic.(Theword‘dark’referstothefactthatnolightispassingthroughtheoptical
fibers.)
Darkwave(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#50.
DAS(n)~AcomponentthatreceiveseventsfromtheMOMServersandinsertstheminto
thedatabase.Requestsfordatafromthedatabaseandrequeststoinsertdataintothe
databasetypicallygothroughtheDAS.
DASregistry(n)~TheregistrykeysusedbyDAS.
dash(n)~Ashorthorizontallineusedasapunctuationmark.
dashboard(n)~Asetofreportsorotherdatathatisarrangedinapanelformatonasingle
page,orseriesofpages,inawebbrowserorSharePointsite.
dashboard(n)~Acustomizablelandingpageforabusinessapplicationorworkspacethat
usesWebPartstodisplayselectedinformation.Itcanprovideacomprehensivelookatthe
informationinsidetheapplicationorworkspacebyconsolidatinglists,libraries,text,
imagesandotherdataintoadynamic,customizableinformationportal.
dashboard(n)~Theall-upviewintheMicrosoftAzurePortalthatprovidesthestateof
allofyourservices,deployments,storageaccounts,anddatabases.Thedashboardalso
providesaccesstousagereports,billinginformation,andmanagementoperations.
dashboard(n)~Apartoftheuserinterfacethatorganizesandpresentsinformationfor
easyreadability.Dashboardsdisplaysimulatedgauges,dials,etc.thatresemblean
automobiledashboard.
dashboard(n)~AplaceintheStore,Hardware,Desktopapp,WindowsStoreapp,and
InternetExplorerdevelopmentsectionsoftheWindowsDevCenterwhererespective
userscangetreportsandinformationthat’sspecifictothem.
dashboard(n)~TheservicerunbytheWindowsStoreteamthatsupportstheend-to-end
processforregisteringWindowsStoredevelopersandonboardingappsintotheWindows
Storecatalog.
dashboard(n)~TheareawithintheProtectiontabintheExchangeAdministrationCenter
(EAC)wherestand-alonecustomersland.
dashboard(n)~Asubscreenwithinanentitythatdisplaysfilteredinformationassociated
withthatentity.
dashboard~Asummaryviewofthestatusofmultipleservicelevelagreements(SLAs).
OraWebpagethatcancontainoneormoreviewersthatgraphicallyrepresentbusiness
data.
DashboardDesigner(PN)~Aclientapplicationthatyouusetocreateandmanage
dashboards,scorecards,reports,andotherPerformancePointitemspriortodeployingthem
withinadashboardtoaSharePointsite.
DashboardDesignerInstallationSite(PN)~AMonitoringServercomponentthat
facilitatesthedownloadofDashboardDesignerintoeachuserscomputer.
dashboardpack(n)~Akindofmanagementpackthatallowsnewdashboardstobe
installedandusedinOperationsManagertodisplaymonitoringdata.
DashboardViewerforSharePointServices(PN)~FunctionalityinPerformancePoint
MonitoringServerthatmakesitpossibletodisplaydashboardviewsthataredefinedin
DashboardDesignertousersofaSharePointsite.
DashboardWebPreview(PN)~AMonitoringServercomponentthatdeploysa
dashboardtoapre-configuredpreviewWebsitesothatdashboarddesignerscanseethe
completeddashboardpriortodeployingittoaproductionSharePointsite.
dashboardwidget(n)~Auserinterfaceelementinadashboardviewthatisa
combinationofaUIcontrol,suchasapiechartordial,andadataprovider.
DAT(n)~Amagnetic-tapestoragemediumforrecordingdigitallyencodedaudio
information.Inadditiontothetapecassette,DATindentifiesatypeofdigitaltaperecorder
andplayer.
data(n)~Arepresentationoffacts,conceptsorinstructionsinaformalizedmanner,
suitableforcommunication,interpretationorprocessing.
Data~Anyinformationcreatedbyauser,suchasdocuments,picturesorsound
recordings.
Data&analytics(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelpbusinesses
gatherandanalyzedata.
DataAccessObjects(n)~Aprogramminginterfacetoaccessandmanipulatedatabase
objects.
dataaccesspage(n)~AWebpage,publishedfromAccess,thathasaconnectiontoa
database.Inadataaccesspage,youcanview,addto,edit,andmanipulatethedatastored
inthedatabase.
dataacquisition(n)~Theprocessofobtainingdatafromanothersource,usuallyone
outsideaspecificsystem.
dataadapter(n)~Anobjectusedtosubmitdatatoandretrievedatafromdatabases,Web
services,andExtensibleMarkupLanguage(XML)files.
dataadministratorrole(n)~OneofthePerformancePointServeradministrativeroles.In
additiontobeingabletoperformalloperationsthatamemberofthemodelerrolecan
perform,amemberofthedataadministratorrolecanperformalldataintegration
operationsinPlanningBusinessModeler.Thisincludessynchronizingandloading
dimensions,models,andassociations,aswellasexportingoutgoingdataandexecuting
associations.
DataAnalysis(PN)~ThegroupofExceladd-insthatsupportdataanalysis.
DataAnalyzerLight(PN)~Acomponentthatperformssomeofthesimplerdata
processingtasksfortheWebAnalyticsWebPart.
dataannotation(n)~Anattributethatisaddedtoaclassorpropertytoaddinformation
aboutitsuseorbehavior.
DataAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatcontainscontrolsandfeaturesforaccessing,workingwith,
andstoringdataanddocuments.
dataatrest(n)~AresourceoftheDataLakeservicetypeoftheBusinessAnalytics
serviceinAzurereferringtoinactivedatawhichisstoredphysicallyinarepository.
databackup(n)~Anybackupthatincludesthefullimageofoneormoredatafiles.
databar(n)~Agraphicalbar(thinkbarcharts)displayedineachcell.Thelengthofthe
barisrelatedtothecell’svalue.
databind(v)~Toconnectitemsinadatasourcetouserinterfacecomponents(controls).
Thismeansthatwheneverthedatachanges,theinterfacecomponentswilloptionally
reflectthosechanges,andviceversa.
databinding(n)~Theprocessofcreatingalinkbetweenapropertyandasource.The
sourcecanbelocalorexternal.
datablock(n)~Intext,ntext,andimagedata,adatablockistheunitofdatatransferred
atonetimebetweenanapplicationandaninstanceofSQLServer.Thetermisalso
appliedtotheunitsofstorageforthesedatatypes.
databoundcontrol(n)~AnASP.NETcontrolthatcanbeboundtoadatasourcecontrol
tomakeiteasytodisplayandmodifydatainyourWebapplication.
databuffer(n)~Anareainmemorywheredataistemporarilystoredwhilebeingmoved
fromonelocationtoanother.
databus(n)~AmechanisminOrchestratorthatpassesinformationfromoneactivityina
runbooktoanotheractivity.
datacall(n)~Aphoneconnectiontoaserviceprovideroracorporateserver,forthe
purposeofviewingtheWeb,ortransmittingdata.
datacapture(n)~Theprocessofsavingonastoragemediumarecordofinterchanges
betweenauserandaremoteinformationutility.
datacard(n)~AsmallcardthatprovidesmobilebroadbandInternetaccess.Removable
datacardscanbeintheformatofPCcards,USBcards,ExpressCards;datacardscanalso
beembeddedlaptopmodules.
datacenter(n)~Afacilityusedtohousemissioncriticalcomputersystemsandassociated
components.Itgenerallyincludesenvironmentalcontrols(airconditioning,fire
suppression,etc.),redundant/backuppowersupplies,redundantdatacommunications
connectionsandhighsecurity.
DataCenterTCP(PN)~ATCP-likeprotocolfordatacenternetworkswhichleverages
ExplicitCongestionNotification(ECN)inthenetworktoprovidemulti-bitfeedbackto
theendhosts.
DataCenterTransmissionControlProtocol(PN)~ATCP-likeprotocolfordatacenter
networkswhichleveragesExplicitCongestionNotification(ECN)inthenetworkto
providemulti-bitfeedbacktotheendhosts.
datachannel(n)~AseparatechannelofanIntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork(ISDN)
linethatisusedforISDNsignaling.ForISDNBasicRateInterface(BRI),theD-channel
is16kilobitspersecond(Kbps).ForISDNPrimaryRateInterface(PRI),theD-channelis
64Kbps.
datacleaning(n)~Apartoftheprocessofanalyzingdata,especiallywhendatacomes
frommultiplesources.Theprocessmustaddresserrorssuchasincorrectspellings,
differentwaysoflabelingthesameinformation,inconsistentfieldlength,missingvalues,
andconflictingdata,suchashavingtwopartnumbersforthesamepart.
datacleansing(n)~Theprocessofstandardizingdata,whichincludesconformance,
detection,andremovalofduplicatedata.Datacleansingfacilitatesdataintegrityand
accuracy.
datacollection(n)~Theprocessofgatheringinformationbysendingandreceiving
HTMLformsorInfoPathformsfromAccess.
datacollectioncontrolfunction(n)~AnAPIfunctionthatprovidessophisticatedcontrol
overthedatacollectionlogger.
datacollectionlogger(n)~Softwarethatlogsprofilingdatatoaperformancedatafile.
datacollectionpackage(n)~Aself-extractingexecutable(.exe)createdbythe
ApplicationCompatibilityManager(ACM)fordeployingtoeachofyourclient
computers.Eachdatacollectionpackagecanincludeoneormorecompatibility
evaluators,dependingonwhatyouaretryingtoevaluate.
datacollector(n)~Anobjectthatdefineswhatdatawillbecollectedfromaprovider
(suchasacounterprovideroreventprovider).
datacollector(n)~Asetofcompatibilityevaluatormodulesthatproduceorgatherdata
andthenstorethedatalocallyinarawornearlyrawform.Allcompatibilityevaluatorsact
asdatacollectorsandareinstalledanddeployedbyACT-DC.
DataCollectorSet(n)~Acomputermanagementtoolusedtogroupdatacollectorsinto
setsthatrunonthesameschedule.
datacollectorset(n)~Agroupofdatacollectorsstoredasasingleobject.
dataco-location(n)~InDPM,afeaturethatenablesprotectionofmultipledatasources
onasinglevolumeoronthesametape.Thisallowsyoutostoremoredataoneach
volumeortape.
DataCommunicationsEquipment(n)~Oneoftwotypesofhardwarethatareconnected
byanRS-232-Cserialconnection,theotherbeingaDataTerminalEquipment(DTE)
device.
datacompartment(n)~Anabstraction(notaspecificstoragelocation)thatconsistsof
oneormoreisolatedstoragefiles,calledstores,whichcontaintheactualdirectory
locationswheredataisstored.Anykindofdatacanbesavedinthestore.
dataconferencing(n)~Amethodofreal-timecommunicationwhereinparticipantsshare
andcollaborateonseveraldataanddocumenttypes.Thesessioncanbehostedonanin-
houseserver,anInternet-basedservice,orboth.
dataconnection(n)~Aconnectionthatspecifiesthename,type,location,and,optionally,
otherinformationaboutadatabasefileorserver.
dataconnection(n)~Aconnectionthatenablesthetransmissionofdata.
dataconnectionfile(n)~Afilethatstoresinformationaboutaconnectiontoadata
source,suchasanAccessdatabase,spreadsheet,ortextfile,andthatfacilitatesdata
sourceadministration.
DataConnectionLibrary(n)~Adocumentlibrary,locatedonasiterunningMicrosoft
OfficeSharePointServer2007,thatcontainsacollectionofuniversaldataconnection
(.udcx)andOfficedataconnection(.odc)files.
datacontext(n)~Aconvenientwaytosharedatabetweenmultiplecontrolsby
establishingascopewithinwhichalldata-boundpropertiesinheritacommonsourceof
data.
DataControlLanguage(n)~ThesubsetofSQLstatementsusedtocontrolpermissions
ondatabaseobjects.
dataconvergence(n)~DataatthePublisherandtheSubscriberthatmatches.
datacorruption(n)~Aprocesswhereindatainmemoryorondiskisunintentionally
changed,withitsmeaningtherebyalteredorobliterated.
datacoverage(n)~Thegeographicalareaofamobilecommunicationsnetworkor
system.
DataDeduplication(PN)~Afeaturethatsearchesdataonaselectedvolumetofindand
removeduplicaterecordswithoutcompromisingdatafidelityorintegrity.
datadefinition(n)~Theattributes,properties,andobjectsinadatabase.
datadefinitionlanguage(n)~Alanguagethatdefinesallattributesandpropertiesofa
database,especiallyrecordlayouts,fielddefinitions,keyfields,filelocations,andstorage
strategy.
datadescriptionlanguage(n)~Alanguagethatdefinesallattributesandpropertiesofa
database,especiallyrecordlayouts,fielddefinitions,keyfields,filelocations,andstorage
strategy.
datadiagram(n)~AreporttypethatmapsshapesinaVisiodiagramtodatastoredin
lists,workbooks,ordatabases.
datadictionary(n)~Adatabasecontainingdataaboutallthedatabasesinadatabase
system.Datadictionariesstoreallthevariousschemaandfilespecificationsandtheir
locations.Theyalsocontaininformationaboutwhichprogramsusewhichdataandwhich
usersareinterestedinwhichreports.
datadimension(n)~AspecificnodecreatedinthehierarchicalviewoftheTracking
ProfileEditorasanimmediatechildofthespecifictrackingprofileinordertodescribea
logicalgroupingordimensionofdata.Eachdatadimensionisuniquelynamedandis
madeupofoneormanydatafields.
datadiscoveryrecord(n)~Thefileformat(.ddr)andtheactualfilethatisusedby
ConfigurationManagertoreportdiscoverydatatoaConfigurationManagersitedatabase.
dataencryption(n)~Theprocessofconvertingreadabledata(plaintext)intoacoded
form(ciphertext)topreventitfrombeingreadbyanunauthorizedparty.
DataEncryptionStandard(n)~Anencryptionalgorithmthatusesa56-bitkeyandmaps
a64-bitinputblocktoa64-bitoutputblock.Thekeyappearstobea64-bitkey,butone
bitineachoftheeightbytesisusedforoddparity,resultingin56bitsofusablekey.
dataenrichment(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertochooseanexternaldataprovider,
andupdatetherecordsintheCRMsystembasedontheinformationfromthatdata
provider.
dataentity(n)~Aninformationstructurethatrepresentsthedatacharacteristicofan
entity.
dataentry(n)~Theprocessofwritingnewdatatocomputermemory.
dataevent(n)~TheX++eventthatisraisedwhenadatavalueinatablechanges.
DataExecutionPrevention(n)~Asecurityfeaturethatmonitorsprogramsonacomputer
todetermineiftheyusesystemmemorysafely.Todothis,DEPsoftwareworksaloneor
withcompatiblemicroprocessorstomarksomememorylocationsasnon-executable.’Ifa
programtriestoruncodethatismaliciousorisnotfromaprotectedlocation
dataexplosion(n)~Theexponentialgrowthinsizeofamultidimensionalstructure,such
asacube,duetothestorageofaggregateddata.
dataexportjob(n)~ThemovementofdatathatisgeneratedinPlanningBusiness
Modelertoaspecifiedexternaldatabase.
datafeed(n)~AnXMLdatastreaminAtom1.0format.
datafield(n)~Afieldthatcontainstheresultofaquerytoanexternaldatasource.
datafile(n)~Afileconsistingofdataintheformoftext,numbers,orgraphics,asdistinct
fromaprogramfileofcommandsandinstructions.
datafile(n)~Acollectionofrowsthathavebeeninsertedintodurablememory-optimized
table.
dataflow(n)~Themovementofdatathroughagroupofconnectedelementsthatextract,
transform,andloaddata.
dataflowcomponent(n)~AcomponentofSQLServer2005IntegrationServicesthat
manipulatesdata.
dataflowengine(n)~Anenginethatexecutesthedataflowinapackage.
dataflowtask(n)~Thetaskthatencapsulatesthedataflowenginethatmovesdata
betweensourcesanddestinations,providingthefacilitytotransform,clean,andmodify
dataasitismoved.
dataform(n)~Adialogboxthatdisplaysonecompleterecordatatime.Youcanusedata
formstoadd,change,locate,anddeleterecords.
dataformat(n)~Thestructureorappearanceofaunitofdata,suchasafield,ortextina
messagebody.
datagenerationplan(n)~Afilethatcontainsinformationaboutaparticulardatabase
schemaandhowDataGeneratorwillgeneratedataforit.
datagraphic(n)~Agraphicelementonadrawingthatisassociatedwithdata.
DataGrid(PN)~AninstanceofExcelthathasminimalUIandthatenablesauserto
insertoreditchartdatawithinthecontextofanon-ExcelOfficedocument.
datagroup(n)~Adefinedsetofdatathatissynchronized.
dataintegration(n)~Theprocessofcleaningandmovingdatafromonesystemto
anothersystem.
dataintegrity(n)~Theaccuracyofdataanditsconformitytoitsexpectedvalue,
especiallyafterbeingtransmittedorprocessed.
dataitem(n)~Asingleunitofdata.
datalabel(n)~Alabelthatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutadatamarker,which
representsasingledatapointorvaluethatoriginatesfromadatasheetcell.
DataLake(PN)~Ahyperscalerepositoryforbigdataanalyticworkloads.
datalayout(n)~Thearrangementandstructureofdatainachart.
datalimit(n)~Theamountofdatatheusercandownload/uploadthroughthecarrier’s
networkeachmonthwithoutbeingbilledadditionalcharges.
DataLinkControl(n)~Anerror-correctionprotocolintheSystemsNetwork
Architecture(SNA)responsiblefortransmissionofdatabetweentwonodesovera
physicallink.SupportedbyMicrosoftWindowsNTandWindows2000,DLCisdesigned
toprovideaccesstoIBMmainframecomputersandtoHewlett-Packardprintersconnected
tothenetwork.
datalossprevention(PN)~Acollectionoffeaturesthatprovidescontent-aware
classificationandappliesapolicyforsensitivedatawithinemailthatisspecifictoan
organization.
datalosstolerance(n)~Themaximumamountofdataloss,measuredintime,thatis
acceptabletobusinessrequirements.
DataMacros(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstobuildbusinesslogicinanewandeasy-
to-useauthoringenvironment.Thedeclarative,macro-stylelogicwillrunonclientand
serverandincludesbothUI-levelanddata-levelactions.
datamanagement(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludesSQL
Database,Blob,Table,andQueueservices.
DataManagementGateway(PN)~ThegatewaythatallowsITtobuildconnectionsto
internaldatasourcessoreportsthatarepublishedtoBISitesinOffice365willrefresh
eitheron-demandoronascheduledbasis,ensuringthatcustomersarealwayslookingat
thelatestviewoftheirdata.
datamanagementservice(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludes
SQLDatabase,Blob,Table,andQueueservices.
datamanipulationlanguage(n)~ThesubsetofSQLstatementsthatisusedtoretrieve
andmanipulatedata.DMLstatementstypicallystartwithSELECTINSERTUPDATEor
DELETE.
datamap(n)~AmappingbetweensourcefilesandMicrosoftDynamicsCRMthatcanbe
usedwitheithertheImportWizardortheDataMigrationWizardandtakeeithertheform
ofanimportmaporadatamigrationmap.
datamarker(n)~Abar,area,dot,slice,orothersymbolinachartthatrepresentsasingle
datapointorvalue.
datamart(n)~Asubsetofthecontentsofadatawarehousethattendstocontaindata
focusedatthedepartmentlevel,oronaspecificbusinessarea.
datamedium(n)~Thephysicalmaterialonwhichcomputerdataisstored.
datamember(n)~Achildmemberassociatedwithaparentmemberinaparent-child
hierarchy.Adatamembercontainsthedatavalueforitsparentmember,ratherthanthe
aggregatedvaluefortheparent’schildren.
datamerge(n)~Theprocessofcollatingdatafrommultiplesourcestocreateaonefinal
output.
DataMergeManager(PN)~Afeaturethatguidestheuserthroughorganizingaddress
data,mergingitintoagenericdocument,andprintingtheresultingpersonalized
documents.Itcanbeusedtocreateformletters,mailinglabels,envelopesorcatalogs.
datamining(n)~Theprocessofidentifyingcommerciallyusefulpatternsorrelationships
indatabasesorothercomputerrepositoriesthroughtheuseofadvancedstatisticaltools.
dataminingextension(n)~InAnalysisServices,astatementthatperformsminingtasks
programmatically.
datamodel(n)~Acollectionofrelatedobjecttypes,operators,andintegrityrulesthat
formtheabstractentitysupportedbyadatabasemanagementsystem(DBMS).Thus,one
speaksofarelationalDBMS,anetworkDBMS,andsoon,dependingonthetypeofdata
modelaDBMSsupports.Ingeneral,aDBMSsupportsonlyonedatamodelasapractical
ratherthanatheoreticalrestriction.
DataMovementCloud(PN)~AresourcetypeoftheDataFactory’servicetypeofthe
‘BusinessAnalytics’servicetotranspose
DataMovementOnPremises(PN)~AresourcetypeoftheDataFactory’servicetypeof
the‘BusinessAnalytics’servicetotranspose
DataOutline(n)~Awindowthatyoucandisplaywhenadataaccesspageisopenin
Designview.
datapacket(n)~Aunitofinformationtransmittedasawholefromonedevicetoanother
onanetwork.
datapane(n)~Theareaofthewindowthatdisplaystheresultsetofyourquery.
dataplan(n)~Astandardizedserviceagreementbetweenacellphoneuserandamobile
operatorthatestablishesdataservicedetailssuchaspricing,typesofservices,and
bandwidth.
datapoint(n)~Anindividualvalueplottedinachartandrepresentedtogetherwithother
datapointsbybars,columns,lines,pieordoughnutslices,dots,andvariousothershapes
calleddatamarkers.Datamarkersofthesamecolorconstituteadataseries.
datapoint(n)~IntheChartsAndGraphstemplate,acontrolhandleontheLineGraph
shapethatyoucandragtochangethevaluesinthegraph.
datapolicy(n)~ApolicythatdetermineswhichXMLelementsinadocumentarevalid
foraparticularactionassociatedwithanendpoint.
dataprocessing(n)~Themanipulationofdatatotransformitintosomedesiredresult.
dataprocessingextension(n)~Aplug-inthatprocessesdataforaspecifickindofdata
source(similartoadatabasedriver).
DataProcessorcomponent(n)~Acomponentofthereportserverenginethatprocesses
data.
dataprotection(n)~Theprocessofprotectingdatafromlossorcorruptionbycentrally
creatingandmaintainingreplicasandshadowcopiesofthedata.DPMisdesignedto
provideshort-termdisk-basedbackup,tosupportrapidandreliablerecoveryofdata.
DataProtectionAPI(n)~Asetofroutines,protocols,andtoolsthatprovidesinformation
confidentialitytouserandsystemprocessesbyapplyingpassword-basedcryptographic
protectionatthelocaloperatingsystemlevel.
DataProtectionManager(n)~Microsoftserversoftwarethatsupportscontinuousdisk-
basedbackupandrecoveryonWindowsServer-basednetworks.
dataprovider(n)~Aknowndatasourcespecifictoatargettypethatprovidesdatatoa
collectortype.
DataProvider(PN)~AnOLEDBproviderthatallowstheusertocreatedistributed
applicationstargetingIBMDB2databases.
datapump(n)~AcomponentusedinSQLServer2000TransformationServices(DTS)
toimport,export,andtransformdatabetweenheterogeneousdatastores.
datarecord(n)~Adatastructurethatisacollectionoffields(elements),eachwithits
ownnameandtype.Unlikeanarray,whoseelementsallrepresentthesametypeof
informationandareaccessedusinganindex,theelementsofarecordrepresentdifferent
typesofinformationandareaccessedbyname.Arecordcanbeaccessedasacollective
unitofelements,ortheelementscanbeaccessedindividually.
dataregion(n)~Arangeofcellsthatcontainsdataandthatisboundedbyemptycellsor
worksheetborders.
dataregion(n)~Areportitemthatprovidesdatamanipulationanddisplayfunctionality
foriterativedatafromanunderlyingdataset.
dataretrievalserviceconnection(n)~AWebServiceinstalledonWindowsSharePoint
Servicesforconnectingtoandretrievingdata.
dataroaming(n)~Theuseofdataconnectioninaroamingarea.Generallymakingphone
callsorusingyourdataconnectionwhenthephoneisroamingismoreexpensive,andthe
userwillbechargedadditionalfeesforvoiceroamingcalls.
datasegment(n)~Theportionofmemoryorauxiliarystoragethatcontainsthedataused
byaprogram.
DataSelector(n)~Awizardthatletsusersselect,configure,andimportdatafromadata
sourceintoaVisiodiagram.
DataSelectorWizard(n)~Awizardthatletsusersselect,configure,andimportdata
fromadatasourceintoaVisiodiagram.
dataseries(n)~Relateddatapointsthatareplottedinachart.Eachdataseriesinachart
hasauniquecolororpatternandisrepresentedinthechartlegend.Youcanplotoneor
moredataseriesinachart.Piechartshaveonlyonedataseries.
dataserviceprovider(n)~Abusinessentity,typicallyacompany,thatprovidesupto
datedatatoaMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuser.
DataServices(PN)~ThefamilyofdataservicesinMicrosoftAzure.
dataset(n)~Acollectionofrelatedinformationmadeupofseparateelementsthatcanbe
treatedasaunitindatahandling.
datasource(n)~Incommunications,theportionofaDataTerminalEquipment(DTE)
devicethatsendsdata.
datasource(n)~Ashare,volume,database,storagegroup,orsystemstatethatisa
memberofaprotectiongroup.
datasource(n)~Adisk,file,document,orothercollectionofinformationfromwhich
dataistakenormoved.
datasourcecontrol(n)~AnobjectthatcanbeaddedtoanASP.NETWebpagethat
encapsulatesthelogicrequiredtoconnecttoadatasource,suchasadatabaseorXML
file,andthatcanexecutequeriesorotherdata-accesscommands.Adatasourcecontrol
caninturnprovidedatatoothercontrolsonthatpage.
datasourcedriver(n)~Aprogramfileusedtoconnecttoaspecificdatabase.Each
databaseprogramormanagementsystemrequiresadifferentdriver.
datasourceformatting(n)~Atypeofconditionalformattingthatisconfiguredwithin
MicrosoftSQLServerAnalysisServices.
datasourcename(n)~Thecollectionofinformationusedtoconnectanapplicationtoa
particularODBCdatabase.
datasourceplug-in(n)~Atypeofplug-inthatenablesaWindowsMediaservertouse
differentstoragesystems.
datasourceview(n)~Anamedselectionofdatabaseobjects—suchastables,views,
relationships,andstoredprocedures,basedononeormoredatasources—thatdefinesthe
schemareferencedbyOLAPanddataminingobjectsinanAnalysisServicesdatabases.It
canalsobeusedtodefinesources,destinations,andlookuptablesforDTStasks,
transformations,anddataadapters.
dataspace(n)~Aseriesoftransformsthatoperateondatainaspecificorder.
datastore(n)~ArepositoryofdatathatcanbeexposedtotheShellprogrammingmodel
asacontainerusingaShelldatasource.
datastream(n)~Theflowofdatafromasourcetoasinglereceiverthatflowsthrougha
channel,asopposedtopackets,whichmaybeaddressedandroutedindependently,
possiblytomultiplerecipients.
datastructure(n)~Anorganizationalscheme,suchasarecordorarray,thatcanbe
appliedtodatatofacilitateinterpretingthedataorperformingoperationsonit.
datasynchronization(n)~Theprocessofreconcilingthedifferencesbetweendatastored
inonelocationandacopyofthesamedatastoredinanotherlocation.
datatable(n)~Arangeofcellsthatshowshowchangingcertainvaluesinyourformulas
affectstheresultsoftheformulas.
datatemplate(n)~Atreeofelementsthatisexpandedintothescenewheneverdataofa
particulartypeisfound.Theelementstypicallyhavepropertiesboundtopropertiesofthe
dataobject.
DataTerminalEquipment(n)~IntheRS-232-Chardwarestandard,anydevice,suchas
aremoteaccessserverorclient,thathastheabilitytotransmitinformationindigitalform
overacableoracommunicationsline.
dataterminalready(n)~Asignalusedinserialcommunicationssent,forexample,bya
computertoitsmodemtoindicatethatthecomputerisreadytoacceptanincoming
transmission.
datatheft(n)~Thecollectionanddistributionorsharingofconfidentialinformationthat
isstoredonacomputer.
datatier(n)~Alayerthatispartofathree-tierserversoftwarearchitecturethatstoresand
persistsdata.Eachlogicalservermachinegroupcontainsaninterfacetier(aperimeter
network),anapplicationtier,andadatatier.Thisarchitectureprovideshighlevelsof
scalability.
datatransfer(n)~Themovementofinformationfromonelocationtoanother,either
withinacomputer(asfromadiskdrivetomemory),betweenacomputerandanexternal
device(asbetweenafileserverandacomputeronanetwork),orbetweenseparate
computers.
datatransferbandwidth(n)~DatatransmissionstoandfromaMicrosoftAzure
datacenterasmeasuredinGB.Datatransfersarechargedbasedonthetotalamountof
datagoinginandoutoftheAzureservicesviatheInternetinaspecified30-dayperiod.
Datatransferswithinasub-regionarefree.
DataTransferInat200Mbps(GB)(PN)~TheresourceoftheNetworkingservicethat
enablesdatatransferat200Mbps(GB).
DataTransmissionUnit(n)~Theaveragenumberofbits,charactersorsymbols,or
blocksperunittimepassingbetweenequipmentinadatatransmissionsystem.
datatype(n)~Apropertyofafieldthatdefinesthekindsofdatathefieldcanstore.
Datausage(PN)~Apre-loadedappthatallowsuserstobettermonitorandmanagetheir
datausageontheirphoneorPC.Itcannotifyuserswhentheyareclosetotheircellular
datalimitanddelaysomedata-intensivetasksuntilthephoneorPCisconnectedtoWi-Fi.
datavalidation(n)~Theprocessofensuringthatdatameetsspecifiedcriteria.
Dataview(n)~Adatabindable,customizedviewofadataforsorting,filtering,searching,
editing,andnavigation.
dataviewer(n)~Agraphicaltoolthatdisplaysdataasitmovesbetweentwodataflow
componentsatruntime.
datavisualization(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheuseofcolor,icons,orbarstohelp
illustratetrendsorshowdifferentvaluesinadatarange.
datawarehouse(n)~Thedatabasethatstoresoperationsdataforlongperiodsoftime.
ThisdataisthenusedbytheOperationsManagerreportingservertobuildreports.By
default,thisdatabaseisnamedOperationsManagerDW.
DataWarehouse(n)~Thedatabasethatstoresoperationsdataforlongperiodsoftime.
ThisdataisthenusedbytheOperationsManagerreportingservertobuildreports.By
default,thisdatabaseisnamedOperationsManagerDW.
DataWarehouseConfigurationWizard(n)~Aconfigurationwizard,availablefrom
CommerceServerSetupthatyouusetoconfigureadistributedinstallationoftheData
Warehouseandyournon-CommerceapplicationsandWebservers.
datawarehousedatabase(n)~Thedatabasethatstoresoperationsdataforlongperiods
oftime.ThisdataisthenusedbytheOperationsManagerreportingservertobuild
reports.Bydefault,thisdatabaseisnamedOperationsManagerDW.
DataWarehouseresource(n)~Aglobal-levelCommerceServerresourcethatis
managedthroughCommerceServerManager.UsetheDataWarehouseresourcetospecify
thedatabaseconnectionstringtotheDataWarehousedatabase.
datawarehouseserver(n)~TheserverthathoststheOperationsManagerDWdatabase.
DataWarehouseUnit(n)~AbillingmeterfortheusageoftheSQLDataWarehouse
serviceinAzure.
database(n)~Acollectionofdataformatted/arrangedtoallowforeasysearchand
retrieval.
Database(PN)~TheDevelopertoolssubcategorycontainingappstohelpdeveloperswith
databaseaspectsofbuildinganapp.
Database~A-program-usedfororganisinganykindofinformationonacomputerintoa
searchableform,anythingfromalistofcontactstoacomplexstockcontrolandaccounts
system.
databaseadministrator(n)~Thepersonwhomanagesadatabase.Theadministrator
determinesthecontent,internalstructure,andaccessstrategyforadatabase,defines
securityandintegrity,andmonitorsperformance.
databaseapplication(n)~Asetofobjectsthatcanincludetables,queries,forms,reports,
macros,andcodemodulesthataredesignedtoworktogethertomakeadatabaseeasierto
use.
databaseattachupgrade(n)~Anupgradethattakesenablesyoutomovetonew
hardwareoranewfarm.
databaseavailabilitygroup(n)~Agroupofupto16Mailboxserversthathostasetof
databasesandprovideautomaticdatabase-levelrecoveryfromfailuresthataffect
individualserversordatabases.
databasecatalog(n)~Thepartofadatabasethatcontainsthedefinitionofalltheobjects
inthedatabase,aswellasthedefinitionofthedatabase.
databasecolumnvalue(n)~Theplaceholderforadatabasefielddisplayedinsidea
databaseresultsregion.
DatabaseCompare(PN)~AMicrosoftOfficeproductthatdetectsandcategorizes
changesbetweentwodatabasestofacilitatereviewandapprovalprocesses.
databaseconnection(n)~Aconnectionthatspecifiesthename,type,location,and,
optionally,otherinformationaboutadatabasefileorserver.
databaseconnectionendpoint(n)~Anendpointrepresentingtheconnectiontoa
database.
DatabaseConnector(PN)~Anout-of-the-boxBDCconnectorthatshipswithWSS.It
providesconnectivitybetweenBCSandadatabaseendpoint.
DatabaseConsoleCommand(PN)~AsetofinstructionsintheTransact-SQL(T-SQL)
programminglanguagetoperformtasksoninputparametersandreturnvalues.
DatabaseDays(n)~Thenumberofdaysbackintimetowithdatafromanytransaction
canberecovered.
databasedevelopmentlifecycle(n)~Astructuredprocessthatisimposeduponthe
developmentofthedatabaseportionofanapplication.Itisessentiallyasubsetofthe
softwaredevelopmentlifecyclethatisspecifictooneormoredatabasesinanapplication.
databasediagram(n)~Agraphicalrepresentationofanyportionofadatabaseschema.It
canbeeitherawholeorpartialpictureofthestructureofthedatabase.Itincludestables,
thecolumnstheycontain,andtherelationshipsbetweenthetables.
DatabaseDocumenter(PN)~Atoolthatbuildsareportthatcontainsdetailed
informationabouttheobjectsinadatabase.
databaseengine(n)~Theprogrammoduleormodulesthatprovideaccesstoadatabase
managementsystem(DBMS).
DatabaseEngineTuningAdvisor(n)~Atoolfortuningthephysicaldatabasedesignthat
helpsuserstoselectandcreateanoptimalsetofindexes,indexedviews,andpartitioning.
DatabaseExplorer(PN)~Asimpledatabaseadministrationtoolthatletstheuserperform
databaseoperationssuchascreatingnewtables,queryingandmodifyingexistingdata,
andotherdatabasedevelopmentfunctions.
databasefile(n)~Oneofthephysicalfilesthatmakeupadatabase.
databasefilter(n)~AfilterthatallowsOperationsManagertoevaluatefurtherrulesbut
doesnotinsertmatchingeventsintothedatabase.
DatabaseFirst(PN)~AsetoffeaturesintheEntityFrameworkfordefiningamodelby
firstcreatingadatabase.
databasegrooming(n)~Theprocessofdeletingolddatatoreducethetotaldatabasesize.
DatabaseHours(PN)~TheunitofmeasureforhoursusedoftheSQLDatabase
Premiumedition.
databaseinstance(n)~Aninstanceofadatabaseenvironment,includingtheRDBMS
software,tablestructure,storedproceduresandotherfunctionality.
databaselanguage(n)~Thelanguageusedforaccessing,querying,updating,and
managingdatainrelationaldatabasesystems.
databasemaintenancetool(n)~Oneofanumberofutilitiesthatallowuserstobackup,
restore,andcheckforerrorsintheBusinessContactManagerforOutlookdatabase.
databasemanagementsystem(n)~Alayerofsoftwarebetweenthephysicaldatabase
andtheuser.TheDBMSmanagesallaccesstothedatabase.
databasemanager(n)~Alayerofsoftwarebetweenthephysicaldatabaseandtheuser.
TheDBMSmanagesallaccesstothedatabase.
databasemigration(n)~Themovementofanexistingdatabasefromonecomputer
runningSQLServertoanotheronewithinthesamesystem.
databasemirroring(n)~Immediatelyreproducingeveryupdatetoaread-writedatabase
(theprincipaldatabase)ontoaread-onlymirrorofthatdatabase(themirrordatabase)
residingonaseparateinstanceofthedatabaseengine(themirrorserver).Inproduction
environments,themirrorserverisonanothermachine.Themirrordatabaseiscreatedby
restoringafullbackupoftheprincipaldatabase(withoutrecovery).
DatabaseMirroringMonitor(PN)~Atoolusedtomonitoranysubsetofthemirrored
databasesonaserverinstance.
databasemirroringpartner(n)~Oneinapairofserverinstancesthatactasrole-
switchingpartnersforamirroreddatabase.
databasemirroringpartners(n)~Apairofserverinstancesthatactasrole-switching
partnersforamirroreddatabase.
databaseobject(n)~Adatabasecomponent(forexample,atable,index,trigger,view,
key,constraint,default,rule,user-defineddatatype,orstoredprocedureinadatabase).
databaseowner(n)~Thepersonwhocreatedthedatabase,andhasfullcontrol,including
grantingaccesspermissionsordeletingrecords.Whenadatabasehasbeenrestored,then
thepersonwhorestoreditbecomestheowner.
databaseproject(n)~Anofflinerepresentationofadatabase.Eachdatabaseproject
containsthescriptsthatarerequiredtodeployanewdatabaseortoupdateanexisting
databasetoadatabaseserver.Adatabaseprojectdoesnotcontainthedatathatresidesin
thatdatabase.Databaseprojectsaresavedas.dbprojfiles.
databaseproject(n)~Acollectionofoneormoredataconnections(adatabaseandthe
informationneededtoaccessthatdatabase).
databaserefactoring(n)~Theprocessbywhichyoucanmodifythenamesofdatabase
objectsinsuchawaythatallinstancesofthosenameswithinthedatabaseprojectare
modifiedatthesametime.
databasereference(n)~Apath,expressionorfilenamethatresolvestoadatabase.
databasereplication(n)~Theprocessofcreatingtwoormorespecialcopies(replicas)of
anAccessdatabase.Replicascanbesynchronized,changesmadetodatainonereplica,or
designchangesmadeintheDesignMaster,aresenttootherreplicas.
databasereplication(n)~AtypeofdatareplicationinSystemCenter2012Configuration
ManagerthatusesSQLServerreplication.
Databaserestore(v)~Adialogboxthatenablestheusertoselectthedatafiletouse
whenrestoringadatabase.
databaserole(n)~AcollectionofusersandgroupswiththesameaccesstoanAnalysis
Servicesdatabase.
databaseschema(n)~Thenamesoftables,fields,datatypes,andprimaryandforeign
keysofadatabase.
databasescript(n)~Acollectionofstatementsusedtocreatedatabaseobjects.
databaseserver(n)~AcomputerthatisrunningMicrosoftSQLServerandisusedbyan
SMS/ConfigurationManagersitetostorethesitedata.
databaseserver(n)~ADBMS(databasemanagementsystem)designedtoberunina
client/serverenvironment.TheseDBMSprovideastand-alonedatabaseenginethat
providesrichsupportforSQLandtransactions.TheyareaccessedthroughDBMS-based
drivers.Forexample,Oracle,Informix,DB/2,orMicrosoftSQLServer.
databaseshard(n)~Adatabasepartitiongeneratedasaproductofsplittingalarge
databaseintochunksinadistributedscalabledatabasesystem.
databasesnapshot(n)~Aread-only,staticviewofadatabaseatthemomentofsnapshot
creation.
databasestructure(n)~Thenamesoftables,fields,datatypes,andprimaryandforeign
keysofadatabase.
databaseunit(n)~AunitofmeasurefortheSQLDatabaseresource.
databaseunittest(n)~Aunittestthatvalidateswhetheracertainaspectofyourdatabase
isworkingasyouexpect.
Databaseview(n)~Aread-only,staticsnapshotofasourcedatabaseatthemomentofthe
view’screation.
data-centereddesign(n)~Adesigninwhichusersinteractwiththeirdatadirectly
withouthavingtofirststartanappropriateeditororapplication.
data-definitionquery(n)~AnSQL-specificquerythatcontainsdatadefinitionlanguage
(DDL)statements.Thesestatementsallowyoutocreateoralterobjectsinthedatabase.
data-drivensubscription(n)~Asubscriptionthattakesgeneratedoutputforsubscription
values(forexample,alistofemployeee-mailaddresses).
dataflow(n)~InaDFDmodel,anexchangeofinformationbetweenprocesses.Data
flowsrepresentdiscretepacketsofdatathatflowintoandoutofprocesses.
dataflowdiagram(n)~Atoolforfunctionalanalysisthatshowsthegeneralflowof
informationthroughasystemorprogram.
datagram(n)~Onepacket,orunit,ofinformationthatincludesrelevantdelivery
information,suchasthedestinationaddress,thatissentthroughapacket-switching
network.
datagramsocket(n)~AsocketusingtheWindowsSocketsAPIthatprovidesa
connectionless,unreliableflowofdata.
data-linklayer(n)~LayertwooftheOSImodel.Alayerthatpackagesrawbitsfromthe
physicallayerintoframes(logical,structuredpacketsfordata).Thislayerisresponsible
fortransferringframesfromonecomputertoanother,withouterrors.Aftersendinga
frame,thedata-linklayerwaitsforanacknowledgmentfromthereceivingcomputer.
data-overrunerror(n)~Astateinwhichthesendingcomputeristransmittingcharacters
fasterthanthereceivingcomputercanaccommodatethem.Ifthisproblempersists,reduce
thebits-per-second(bps)rate.
datareader(n)~AstreamofdatathatisreturnedbyanADO.NETquery.
dataset(n)~Acollectionofrelatedinformationmadeupofseparateelementsthatcanbe
treatedasaunitindatahandling.
DatasetDesigner(PN)~Adesignerwhichprovidesasetofvisualtoolsforworkingwith
ADO.NETDatasets,andXMLSchemas.
datasetparameter(n)~Atypeofparameterthatiscreatedbythereportingframework
whenadatasetiscreatedbasedontheQuerypropertyandtheDynamicFilterspropertyof
thedataset.
data-sharingsession(n)~Aconversationthatisusedtosharedatabetweenconversation
membersusinganon-Communicatorapplicationorplug-in.
datasheet(n)~Datafromatable,form,query,view,orstoredprocedure,displayedina
row-and-columnformat.
Datasheetview(n)~Awindowthatdisplaysdatafromatable,form,query,view,or
storedprocedureinarow-and-columnformat.
data-tierapplication(n)~AapplicationthatcapturestheSQLServerdatabaseand
instanceobjectsusedbyaclient-serveror3-tierapplication.
data-tierapplicationinstance(n)~AcopyofaDACdeployedonaninstanceofthe
DatabaseEngine.TherecanbemultipleDACinstancesonthesameinstanceofthe
DatabaseEngine.
data-tierapplicationpackage(n)~AnXMLmanifestthatcontainsalloftheobjects
definedfortheDAC;thepackagegetscreatedwhenadeveloperbuildsaDACproject.
date(n)~ASQLServersystemdatatypethatstoresadatevaluefromJanuary1,1A.D.,
throughDecember31,9999
Date(n)~An8-byte,realdatatypeusedtostoredatesandtimesasarealnumber.
Variablesarestoredas64-bitnumbers.Thevaluetotheleftofthedecimalrepresentsa
date,andthevaluetotherightofthedecimalrepresentsatime.TheDatedatatypecan
rangefromJanuary1,1000toDecember31,9999.
dateexpression(n)~Anyexpressionthatcanbeinterpretedasadate.Thisincludesany
combinationofdateliterals,numbersthatlooklikedates,stringsthatlooklikedates,and
datesreturnedfromfunctions.
dateliteral(n)~Anysequenceofcharacterswithavalidformatthatissurroundedby
numbersigns(#).Validformatsincludethedateformatspecifiedbythelocalesettingsfor
yourcodeortheuniversaldateformat.
DateNavigator(n)~ThesmallcalendarthatdisplaysthecurrentmonthinCalendar.It
providesaquickandeasywaytomoveappointmentsandtoviewotherdates.
DateOnly(PN)~ThebehaviorpropertyofaDateandTimeattributewherethedate
portionofthevalueisasspecifiedintheUIandSDKandthetimeportionofthevalueis
always12:00A.M.
dateperiodcode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsaperiodoftimemeasuredbystartingand
endingdates.
datepicker(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetoallowausertoselectadate.
datepickercontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetoallowausertoselectadate.
daterange(n)~Thetimespanbetweenthestartandenddates.
dateseparator(n)~Acharacterthatisusedtoseparatetheday,month,andyearwhen
datevaluesareformatted.Thecharactersaredeterminedbysystemsettingsorbythe
Formatfunction.
datestamping(n)~Asoftwarefeaturethatautomaticallyinsertsthecurrentdateintoa
document.
Date/Time(n)~Adatatypeusedtoholddateandtimeinformation.
datetime(n)~Adatatypeusedtoholddateandtimeinformation.
DaughterBoard~Acircuitboardthatplugsintoalargercircuitboard,ormotherboard.
daypane(n)~Asectionofthecalendarwindowthatdisplaysinformationforasingle
date.
Dayview(n)~Acalendarviewthatdisplaysinformationforasingleday.
daypart(n)~Thepracticeofdividingthedayintoseveralparts,duringeachofwhicha
differenttypeofradioprogrammingortelevisionprogrammingappropriateforthattimeis
aired.
DaysNeglected(PN)~AfieldintheNeglectedCases,NeglectedLeads,andNeglected
AccountsreportsintheMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuserinterface.TheDaysNeglected
fieldiscalculatedfromthenumberofdaysthatthecase,lead,oraccounthasnotreceived
anytypeofactivity.
dB(n)~Onetenthofabel(namedafterAlexanderGrahamBell),aunitusedin
electronicsandotherfieldstomeasurethestrengthofasoundorsignal.Decibel
measurementsfallonalogarithmicscaleandcomparethemeasuredquantityagainsta
knownreference.
DBunit(n)~AunitofmeasurefortheSQLDatabaseresource.
DBAname(n)~Theregistrationofanassumed,fictitious,ortradenameunderwhicha
businessoperates,whichmustbeincludedonU.S.taxreports.IntheU.S.,anybusiness
thatoperatesunderanameotherthanapersonalorcorporatelegalnamemustregistera
DBAnamewiththeappropriategovernmentagency.
DBCC(PN)~AsetofinstructionsintheTransact-SQL(T-SQL)programminglanguage
toperformtasksoninputparametersandreturnvalues.
DBCS(n)~Acharactersetthatcanusemorethanonebytetorepresentasinglecharacter.
ADBCSincludessomecharactersthatconsistof1byteandsomecharactersthatconsist
of2bytes.LanguagessuchasChinese,Japanese,andKoreanuseDBCS.
dBi~Aunitthatisusedtorepresentthegainofanantennacomparedtothegainofan
isotropicradiator.
DBMS(n)~Alayerofsoftwarebetweenthephysicaldatabaseandtheuser.TheDBMS
managesallaccesstothedatabase.
DC(n)~InanActiveDirectoryforest,aserverthatcontainsawritablecopyoftheActive
Directorydatabase,participatesinActiveDirectoryreplication,andcontrolsaccessto
networkresources.
DC(n)~Adatastructurethatdefinesthegraphicobjects,theirassociatedattributes,and
thegraphicmodesthataffectoutputonadevice.
DCB(n)~AninternalNTfilesystem(NTFS)structureinwhichthefilesystemmaintains
thestateforanopeninstanceofadirectoryfile.
DCE(n)~OneoftwotypesofhardwarethatareconnectedbyanRS-232-Cserial
connection,theotherbeingaDataTerminalEquipment(DTE)device.
D-channel(n)~AseparatechannelofanIntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork(ISDN)line
thatisusedforISDNsignaling.ForISDNBasicRateInterface(BRI),theD-channelis16
kilobitspersecond(Kbps).ForISDNPrimaryRateInterface(PRI),theD-channelis64
Kbps.
DCMdigest(n)~ApredefinedXMLschemathatisusedwiththedesiredconfiguration
managementfeaturetocreateandvalidateconfigurationbaselinesandconfiguration
items.
DCOM(n)~TheversionofMicrosoft’sComponentObjectModel(COM)specification
thatstipulateshowcomponentscommunicateoverWindows-basednetworks.Itpermits
thedistributionofdifferentcomponentsforasingleapplicationacrosstwoormore
networkedcomputers,runninganapplicationdistributedacrossanetworksothatthe
distributionofcomponentsisnotapparenttotheuser,andremotelydisplayingan
application.BecauseDCOMislanguage-neutral,anylanguagethatusesCOM
componentscanalsoproduceDCOMapplications.
DCP(n)~Aself-extractingexecutable(.exe)createdbytheApplicationCompatibility
Manager(ACM)fordeployingtoeachofyourclientcomputers.Eachdatacollection
packagecanincludeoneormorecompatibilityevaluators,dependingonwhatyouare
tryingtoevaluate.
DCR(n)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofaHighDefinitionTelevision(HDTV)that
conformstotheplug-and-playdigitalcableTVstandard;thus,removingtheneedfora
separateset-topbox.
DCTCP(PN)~ATCP-likeprotocolfordatacenternetworkswhichleveragesExplicit
CongestionNotification(ECN)inthenetworktoprovidemulti-bitfeedbacktotheend
hosts.
DDE(n)~Aninterprocesscommunicationmethodthatallowstwoormoreapplications
runningsimultaneouslytoexchangedataandcommands.
DDEchannel(n)~AnactivelinkbetweenMicrosoftWindowsprogramsoverwhichdata
canbeexchanged.
DDEconversation(n)~Theinteractionbetweentwoapplicationsthatarecommunicating
andexchangingdatathroughspecialfunctionsandcodeknownasdynamicdataexchange
(DDE).
DDI(n)~Asetoffunctionsthatareimplementedbytheoperatingsystemforuseby
drivers.
DDL(n)~Alanguagethatdefinesallattributesandpropertiesofadatabase,especially
recordlayouts,fielddefinitions,keyfields,filelocations,andstoragestrategy.
DDLtrigger(n)~AspecialkindoftriggerthatexecutesinresponsetoDataDefinition
Language(DDL)statements.
DDR~(DoubleDataRate)-Afasttypeof-RAM-foraPC.DDR2isayetfasterversion.
DDRSDRAM(n)~AtypeofSDRAMthatsupportsdatatransfersonbothedgesofeach
clockcycle(therisingandfallingedges),effectivelydoublingthememorychip’sdata
throughput.
deactivate(v)~Toremovetheabilityofanetworkobject,suchasauseraccountora
network-joinedcomputertoaccesstheresourcesthattheserverprovides.Deactivatinga
networkobjectdoesnotdeletetheobjectfromtheactivedirectory,nordoesitdeleteany
datathatisassociatedwiththeobject.
deactivate(v)~Aprocess,whenanassigneduserwhoisalreadyactivatedinarole,
decidestowithdrawfromtheroleaccessrights,andreturnbacktothenormalstateofno
accessrightsofthisrole.
deadcode(n)~Codethatisnotcalledduringprofiling.
deadgatewaydetection(n)~ThepracticeoftheTCP/IPprotocolinWindows2000and
theWindowsServer2003familytochangethedefaultgatewaytothenextdefault
gatewayinthelistofconfigureddefaultgatewayswhenaspecificnumberofconnections
retransmitsegments.
deadkey(n)~Akeythatisusedtomodifythecharacterthatfollowsit,forexample,by
addinganaccentmarkorotherdiacritic.
dead-letterqueue(n)~ForMessageQueuing,aqueuethatstoresnontransactional
messagesthatareundeliverableorexpired.Thesequeuesstorefailedmessagesonthe
computeronwhichthemessageexpired.Messagesinthesequeuesarewrittentodiskand
arethereforerecoverable.
deadline(n)~Adatewithineachassignmentbywhichsubmission,reviewandapproval
shouldbecompleted.
deadline(n)~Atargetdatethatindicateswhenyouwantatasktobecompletedand
allowsyoutotrackthestatusofthetaskagainstthattargetwithoutimposingaconstraint
ontheschedule.
deadlinedate(n)~Atargetdatethatindicateswhenyouwantatasktobecompletedand
allowsyoutotrackthestatusofthetaskagainstthattargetwithoutimposingaconstraint
ontheschedule.
deadlock(n)~Inoperatingsystemsanddatabaseapplications,asituationinwhichtwoor
moreprocessescannotcontinuebecauseeachprocessiswaitingforresourcestobefreed
bythecontinuationoftheotherprocess.
deadlock(n)~Asituationwhentwousers,eachhavingalockononepieceofdata,
attempttoacquirealockontheother’spiece.
deadlock(n)~Asituationinwhichathreadwillnotrelinquishitsexclusiveaccesstoa
criticalsection.
deadlock~Aconditionunderwhichatransactioncannotproceed
deadlock~Unresolvedcontentionfortheuseofresources.
deadlock~Aconditioninwhichtwoindependentthreadsofcontrolareblocked,each
waitingfortheothertotakesomeaction.
deadlock-prone(adj)~likelytoproduceasituationinwhichoneofseveralthreadsis
waitingfortheotherthread(s)todosomething
deafness(n)~Hearingimpairmentthatresultsincompletelossofhearing.
deal(n)~Adiscount,coupon,orothersortsofpromotions.
deallocate(v)~Tofreepreviouslyallocatedmemory.
DealsHub(PN)~?AfeatureintheWindowsStoreformerchandisingappsand
collections.
Deathmetal(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#22.
debit(v)~Toenteranamountthatincreasesanassetorexpenseaccount,ordecreasesthe
balanceofaliability,owners’equityorincomeaccount;theleftsideofanyTaccount.
debit(n)~AnentryontheleftsideofaTaccountordouble-entrybalancesheetthat
typicallyincreasesassetorexpenseaccountsanddecreasesliabilities,owners’equity,or
incomeaccounts.
debitadvice(n)~Anofficialnoticeofabankdebittransaction.
debitcard(n)~Atypeofbankcardwheretheamountofpurchaseisimmediately
withdrawnfromtheuser’sbankaccount.
debriefing(n)~Anofficialorformalquestioningsessionaftereventoraninterviewin
whichsomebodyisaskedaboutorreportsonatask,mission,oreventafterithasended.
debug(v)~Todetect,locate,andcorrectlogicalorsyntacticalerrorsinaprogramor
malfunctionsinhardware.Inhardwarecontexts,thetermtroubleshootisthetermmore
oftenused,especiallywhentheproblemisamajorone.
debug~Todetect,diagnose,andeliminateerrorsinprograms.Checkingthelogicofa
programtoisolateandeliminatethemistakesfromacomputerprogramorothersoftware.
debugengine(n)~Acomponentthatallowsfindingandreducingthenumberofdefects
inacomputerprograminarun-timearchitecture,byworkinginconjunctionwiththe
interpreteroroperatingsystemandprovidingexecutioncontrol,breakpoints,and
expressionevaluation.
DebugInterfaceAccessSDK(n)~AnSDKthatprovidesaccesstodebuginformation
storedinprogramdatabase(.pdb)filesgeneratedbyMicrosoftpost-compilertools.
debugsession(n)~Thesetofallprocesses,relatedorunrelated,thathavebeenlaunched
orattachedtofromasingleinstanceoftheIDE.
debugsymbol(n)~Informationthatexpresseswhichprogramming-languageconstructs
generatedaspecificpieceofmachinecodeinagivenexecutablemodule.
debugtarget(n)~Adebuggableexecutioncontext.
debugtype(n)~Debugginginformationgeneratedbythecompilerabouteveryfunction
orvariablethatwilltellthedebuggerwhetheritisaninteger,orastring,orauserdefined
type,etc.oritisthenumberofparameters,callingconvention,andthetypeofthe
function’sreturnvalue.
debugvalue(n)~Aspecificvaluewrittentomemoryduringallocationordeallocation,so
thatitwilllaterbepossibletotellwhetherornotithasbecomecorrupted.
debugzonemask(n)~Anamedbitmaskinapplicationsourcecodethatisusedtoturna
debugzoneonoroff.
debuggee(n)~Aprocessorapplicationuponwhichadebuggeracts.Theprocessthatis
beingdebugged.
debugger(n)~Aprogramdesignedtoaidindetecting,locating,andcorrectingerrorsin
anotherprogrambyallowingtheprogrammertostepthroughtheprogram,examinethe
data,andmonitorconditionssuchasthevaluesofvariables.
debuggerdisplay(n)~Thescreenonanexternalmonitorwhenyouarecalibratinga
Surfaceunit.
debuggerevent(n)~AdiagnosticeventinIntelliTracethatoccurswithintheVisual
StudioDebuggerwhenitisrunningyourapplication.
debugging(n)~TheprocessoffindingandfixingerrorsinaVisualBasicprocedureora
macro.Debuggingusuallyinvolvesexecutingspecificportionsoftheprocedureormacro
andanalyzingthematvariouspoints.
debuggingmode(n)~Theoperationalstateofthetoolduringwhichproblemswithinthe
selectedapplicationaredetectedandtransferredtoadebugger.
deceptivetradepractices(n)~Practicesthatinvolvemisleadingormisrepresenting
productsorservicestoconsumersandcustomers.IntheU.S.,thesepracticesareregulated
bytheFederalTradeCommissionatthefederallevelandtypicallybytheAttorney
General’sOfficeofConsumerProtectionatthestatelevel.
decimal(n)~Anumberinacountingsystemthatisbasedonunitsof10.Mostcommonly
usedtorefertoarealnumberexpressedindecimalnotation(i.e.containinga.’between
theintegerpartandthefractionpartofthenumber).’
Decimal(adj)~Adatatypethatstoresasigned,exactnumericvaluedescribedasthe
numberofdigitsappearingbeforeandafterthedecimalpoint,withamaximumof29total
digits.Allpossibledigitscannotberepresentedifyouareusingthemaximumnumberof
digits.
decision(n)~Inanactivitydiagram,aguardconditionthatindicatesdifferentpossible
transitionsfromanactionstate.Ifoneofthesetransitionsleadstoanotherdecision,that
decisionisrepresentedwiththetraditionaldiamondshape.
decisionengine(n)~Softwareorserviceabletoprocessalargeamountofdataand
providereportsthathelpusersmakemoreinformeddecisions.
decisionmaker(n)~Apersonwhoisresponsiblefortheadministrationofabusiness.
decisionsupport(n)~Systemsdesignedtosupportthecomplexanalyticanalysisrequired
todiscoverbusinesstrends.
decisionsupportsystem(n)~Asetofprogramsandrelateddatadesignedtohelpwith
analysisanddecisionmaking.Adecisionsupportsystemprovidesmorehelpin
formulatingdecisionsthanamanagementinformationsystem(MIS)oranexecutive
informationsystem(EIS).Itincludesadatabase,abodyofknowledgeaboutthesubject
area,alanguage’usedtoformulateproblemsandquestions
decisiontree(n)~Atreelikemodelofdataproducedbycertaindataminingmethods.
Decisiontreescanbeusedforprediction.
deck(n)~Agroupofoneormorecards.
deck(n)~Astoragedevice,suchasatapedeck,oragroupofsuchdevices.
declaration(n)~Abindingofanidentifiertotheinformationthatrelatestoit.For
example,tomakeadeclarationofaconstantmeanstobindthenameoftheconstantwith
itsvalue.Declarationusuallyoccursinaprogram’ssourcecode;theactualbindingcan
takeplaceatcompiletimeorruntime.
declaration(n)~Astatementinwhichinformationisprovidedtogovernmentauthorities
foranofficialpurpose,suchasIntrastatreportingortaxreporting.
declaration(n)~Alistofcontractsandcapabilitiesdeclaredintheappmanifest.
Declarationssection(n)~Thesectionofamodulecontainingdeclarationsthatapplyto
everyprocedureinthemodule.Itcanincludedeclarationsforvariables,constants,user-
defineddatatypes,andexternalproceduresinadynamic-linklibrary.
DeclarativeManagementFramework(PN)~ApolicybasedsystemofSQLServer
management.
DeclarativeManagementFrameworkFacet(PN)~Asetoflogicalpre-defined
propertiesthatmodelthebehaviororcharacteristicsforcertaintypesofmanagedtargets
(suchasadatabase,table,login,view,etc)inpolicy-basedmanagement.
declarativeprogramming(n)~Rule-basedprogramminginwhicheachruleis
independentandtheorderinwhichrulesaredeclaredorexecutedisnotsignificant.
declarativereferentialintegrity(n)~FOREIGNKEYconstraintsdefinedaspartofa
tabledefinitionthatenforceproperrelationshipsbetweentables.
declarativesecuritycheck(n)~Declarativesecurityinformationinmetadata.Developers
canusesuchdeclarations,whichareusuallywrittenascustomattributes,toinvokeseveral
kindsofsecurityfunctionality-requirepermissionstobindreferencetothecode,require
permissionstoderiveatype,demandthatcallershavecertainpermissions,andsoon.
declarativetest(n)~AnordinaryWebtestthatisgeneratedbyusingtheWebTest
RecorderthatislaunchedwhenanewWebtestiscreated.
declarativeworkflow(n)~Aworkflowthatisdefinedbyusingworkflowmarkup
languagecontainedinXAML-formattedfiles.TheXAMLfilesaredeployedandstoredin
thedatabase.
declare(v)~Tospecifythenameandtypeofavariablethatwillbeusedinaprogram.In
mosthigh-levelprogramminglanguages,variablesaredeclaredatthebeginningof
sectionsofcode.
Decline(v)~Theadministrator’sactofremovinganupdatefromthemainviewof
updatessothattherespectiveupdateisnolongerdisplayedoravailablefordeployment.
Decline(PN)~ThebuttoninYammerthatallowsausertorefuseanetworkinvitation.
decloak(v)~Removethecloakedattributefromaproject.
decoder(n)~Adeviceorprogramroutinethatconvertscodeddatabacktoitsoriginal
form.
decommissionCA(v)~TostopusingCA
DecompositionTree(PN)~Adatavisualizationtoolthathelpsusersanalyzecomplex
informationusingahierarchicalscheme.
decompress(v)~Torestorethecontentsofacompressedfiletoitsoriginalform.
decompression(n)~Theprocessofreversingtheprocedurethatisrunbycompression
software.Duringdecompression,thecompresseddatareturnstoitsoriginalfilesizeand
formatsoitcanbeaccessedorplayed.
decompressor(n)~Amoduleoralgorithmthatdecompressesdata.
decorator(n)~Atypeofcontrolthatisusedinastyletoapplyeffectstoanotherelement.
Decoratorscanincludeasinglechildelement,usuallytheelementwhoseappearancethey
affect.
decoupledprovider(n)~AproviderhostedinaseparateprocessfromWMI.Decoupled
providersaretherecommendedwaytoinstrumentanapplicationbecausetheprovidercan
controlitsownlifetimeinsteadofbeinglaunchedeverytimeauseraccessestheprovider
throughWMI.
decrease(n)~Atransactionwhereitemsgooutofinventory.
decrementoperator(n)~Anoperatorthatsubtracts1fromitsoperanddependingonthe
positionoftheoperator.
decrypt(v)~Toconvertencryptedcontentbackintoitsoriginalform.
decryption(n)~Theprocessofconvertingencryptedcontentbackintoitsoriginalformto
makeitreadableagain.Thisisalsocalledconvertingciphertextbacktoplaintext.
Decryption~Theactofrestoringanencryptedfiletoitsoriginalstate.
dedicatedadapter(n)~Thenetworkadapterthat,whenusingmultiplenetworkadapters
ineachhostofaNetworkLoadBalancingcluster,handlesnetworktrafficnotrelatedto
clusteroperations(thetrafficforindividualhostsonthenetwork).Thisadapteris
programmedwiththehost’sdedicatedIPaddress.
dedicatedadministratorconnection(n)~Adedicatedconnectionthatallowsan
administratortoconnecttoaserverwhentheDatabaseEnginewillnotrespondtoregular
connections.
dedicatedconnection(n)~Acommunicationschannelthatpermanentlyconnectstwoor
morelocations.Dedicatedlinesareprivateorleasedlines,ratherthanpublicones.T1
lines,whichareusedbymanyorganizationsforInternetconnectivity,areexamplesof
dedicatedlines.
dedicatedline(n)~Acommunicationschannelthatpermanentlyconnectstwoormore
locations.Dedicatedlinesareprivateorleasedlines,ratherthanpublicones.T1lines,
whichareusedbymanyorganizationsforInternetconnectivity,areexamplesofdedicated
lines.
dedicatedresource(n)~Aresourcethatiscommittedtoorreservedforaspecific
purpose.
deduplication(n)~Theprocessofsavingonlyonecopyofduplicateitemsinthesearch
results
deepcopy(n)~Acopyofthecontentsofadatastructure,includingallitssubstructures.
deeplink(n)~Alinkthattakesyoutoapreciselocation,suchasaslidewithina
presentation,asectionofadocument,oraspecificpagewithinasite,insteadoftothe
mainpageofthewebsite.
deeplinking(n)~TheprocessofcreatingahyperlinktoaspecificpagewithinaWebsite
orWeb-basedapplicationinsteadoftothesite’shomepage.
deeprefiner(n)~Arefinerthatisbasedontheaggregationofmanagedpropertystatistics
foralloftheresultsofasearchquery.
DeepZoom(PN)~InSilverlight,atechnologythatenablesuserstointeractivelyview
high-resolutionimages.WithDeepZoom,userscanzoomin,zoomout,andpanimages
rapidly.
DeeperSleep~anIntelpowermanagementtechnology.Ithelpstodeliverlongerbattery
lifebyminimizingthepowerconsumptionoftheprocessorduringbriefperiodsof
inactivitybytheuserincludingmicrosecondsbetweenkeystrokes.
default(oth)~Avaluethatisautomaticallyusedbyaprogramwhentheuserdoesnot
specifyanalternative.Defaultsarebuiltintoaprogramwhenavalueoroptionmustbe
assumedfortheprogramtofunction.
Default~Adefaultsettingisoneyouhaven’tchanged-whataprogramwilldo(oruse)if
youdon’ttellitanydifferent.‘Acceptthedefaults’meansleaveanysettingsastheyare.
defaultbutton(n)~Insomedialogboxes,thecommandbuttonthatisselectedor
highlightedwhenthedialogboxisinitiallydisplayed.Thedefaultbuttonhasabold
border,indicatingthatitwillbechosenautomaticallyifyoupressENTER.Youcan
overrideadefaultbuttonbyclickingCanceloranothercommandbutton.
defaultcapturemode(n)~Thecapturemodethatspecifieswhethercapturevariablesthat
werenotexplicitlyspecifiedbytheuserarecapturedbyvalueorbyreference.
defaultcompanyservicelevelagreement(n)~Aservicelevelagreementthatacompany
usesasadefault.
defaultcontrolstyle(n)~Thedefaultpropertysettingofacontroltype.Youcustomizea
controltypebeforeyoucreatetwoormoresimilarcontrolstoavoidcustomizingeach
controlindividually.
defaultdatafile(n)~The.pstdatafileusedasthemaindeliverylocationforyoure-mail
messages.
defaultdatabase(n)~Thedatabasetheuserisconnectedtoimmediatelyafterloggingin
toSQLServer.
Defaultdelimiter(n)~Fieldthatspecifieswhichcharacterwillbethedefaultcharacter
usedtoseparatedataitemswhenthedataisbeingimportedintoMicrosoftDynamics
CRM.
defaultdevice(PN)~ThedevicethatLyncandCommunicatorusesbydefaultwhenthe
userplacesacall(eitherPBXtelephonephoneorcomputerthroughaVOIPconnection).
defaultdocument(n)~ThefilethatissentbyaWebserverwhenitreceivesarequestfor
aUniformResourceLocator(URL)thatdoesnotspecifyafilename.Thisdocumentcan
begeneratedautomaticallybytheserver,oritcanbeacustomfilethatisplacedinthat
directorybytheadministrator.
defaultfolder(n)~Afolderthatexistsbydefaultinallusers’mailboxes.TheInbox,
Outbox,SentItems,DeletedItems,Calendar,andContactsfoldersaredefaultfolders.
defaultfont(n)~Thefontthataprogramusesbydefaulttodisplaytext.
defaultform(n)~Aformthatisprovidedoutofthebox’foranyentity
defaultgateway(n)~AconfigurationitemfortheTCP/IPprotocolthatistheIPaddress
ofadirectlyreachableIProuter.Configuringadefaultgatewaycreatesadefaultroutein
theIProutingtable.
defaulthomepage(n)~ThefilethatissentbyaWebserverwhenitreceivesarequest
foraUniformResourceLocator(URL)thatdoesnotspecifyafilename.Thisdocument
canbegeneratedautomaticallybytheserver,oritcanbeacustomfilethatisplacedin
thatdirectorybytheadministrator.
defaulthost(n)~Administrationobjectsthatfacilitatedeploymentandorchestration
enlistment.TheseobjectsareidentifiedintheBizTalkServerAdministrationconsolewith
acheckmarksymbol.Duringtheorchestrationenlistmentprocess,thedefaulthostis
automaticallyusedtohosttheorchestration,unlesstheuserexplicitlyselectsadifferent
host.
defaulthyperlink(n)~Inanimagemap,thehyperlinkthatsitevisitorsfollowwhenthey
clickanareaofthepicturewheretherearenohotspots.
defaultinstance(n)~TheinstanceofSQLServerthatusesthesamenameasthe
computernameonwhichitisinstalled.
defaultlanguage(n)~ThehumanlanguagethatSQLServerusesforerrorsandmessages
ifauserdoesnotspecifyalanguage.
DefaultLocation(PN)~AnareawithintheWindowsControlPanelthatallowstheuser
todesignatehishomecoordinatesoraddressforlocation-awarefunctionalities.
defaultlocation(n)~Informationthatdescribesthecurrentlocationofacomputer.The
locationisenteredmanuallyinDefaultLocation,andcanbeusedbyprogramsto
determinethelocationofacomputerwhenalocationsensorisunavailable.
defaultmanagementpoint(n)~Theactivemanagementpointforasite.Thiscouldalso
beanIPaddressofaNetworkLoadBalancing(NLB)clusterthatcombinesseveral
managementpoints.Whileadditionalmanagementpointscanbeconfigured,a
managementpointmustbedesignatedasadefaultmanagementpointorpartofthe
designateddefaultNLBmanagementpointcluster,oritwillnotrespondtoclientrequests.
defaultmember(n)~Thedimensionmemberusedinaquerywhennomemberis
specifiedforthedimension.
defaultname(n)~Thenameautomaticallyassignedtoanobjectbyaprogramorprocess
whentheuserdoesnotspecifyanalternative.
defaultnetwork(n)~IntheMacintoshenvironment,thephysicalnetworkonwhichthe
processesofaserverresideasnodesandonwhichtheserverappearstousers.Thedefault
networkoftheservermustbeonetowhichthatserverisattached.Onlyserverson
AppleTalkPhase2internetshavedefaultnetworks.
defaultprinter(n)~Theprintertowhichacomputersendsdocumentsifyouselectthe
Printcommandwithoutfirstspecifyingwhichprinteryouwanttousewithaprogram.
Youcanhaveonlyonedefaultprinter;itshouldbetheprinteryouusemostoften.
defaultproperty(n)~Apropertythatyoucansetforacontrolsothateachtimeanew
controlofthattypeiscreated,thispropertywillhavethesamevalue.
defaultreport(n)~Atypeofreportthatdoesnotallowausertomodifythelayoutbut
thatdoesallowausertofilterandsortthedatainthereport.
defaultresultset(n)~ThedefaultmodethatSQLServerusestoreturnaresultsetback
toaclient.
defaultrole(n)~Asettingassociatedwithaparticularuserrole.Userswhoarenot
assignedtoanexistingroleareautomaticallyassignedtotherolethatisspecifiedasthe
default.
DefaultRoute~Entryinaroutingtablethatcanredirectanyframesforwhichthetable
hasnodefinitivelistingforthenexthop.
defaultshape(n)~Avirtualshapethatcontainsdefaultformattingpropertiesfornew
shapes.Eachpresentationcontainsonedefaultshape.
defaultskin(n)~Acontrolskinthatautomaticallyappliestoallcontrolsofthesametype
whenathemeisappliedtoapage.
defaultsolution(n)~Acatch-all’solutionthatcontainsareferencetoallunprotected
components.’
defaultsubnetmask(n)~AsubnetmaskthatisusedonanInternetProtocolversion4
(IPv4)class-basednetwork.ThesubnetmaskforClassAis255.0.0.0.Thesubnetmask
forClassBis255.255.0.0.ThesubnetmaskforClassCis255.255.255.0.
defaulttemplate(n)~Theboilerplatedocumentusedwheneveryoustartanew
document.
defaulttile(n)~Thetilethatadeveloperdefinesinthemanifest.It’stheapptilebeforeit
receivesitsfirstupdatenotification.Itconsistsofjustalogoasanimage,plusanoptional
shortname.
defaultunit(n)~Theunitofmeasureusedtodisplayavalueifnounitsofmeasureare
explicitlyspecified.
defaultuser(n)~Theprofilethatservesasabasisforalluserprofiles.Everyuserprofile
beginsasacopyofthedefaultuserprofile.
defaultvalue(n)~Avaluethatisautomaticallyenteredinafieldorcontrolwhenyouadd
anewrecord.Youcaneitheracceptthedefaultvalueoroverrideitbytypingavalue.
defaultverb(n)~Theverbthatrepresentstheactionthatisexecutedwhenauserdouble-
clicksafileinWindowsExplorer.
defaultworkbooktemplate(n)~TheBook.xlttemplatethatyoucreatetochangethe
defaultformatofnewworkbooks.Excelusesthetemplatetocreateablankworkbook
whenyoustartExcelorcreateanewworkbookwithoutspecifyingatemplate.
defaultworksheettemplate(n)~TheSheet.xlttemplatethatyoucreatetochangethe
defaultformatofnewworksheets.Excelusesthetemplatetocreateablankworksheet
whenyouaddanewworksheettoaworkbook.
defaultzone(n)~ThezonetowhichallMacintoshclientsonthenetworkareassignedby
default.
defection(n)~Theremovalofaserverfrommultiserveroperations.
DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(n)~TheU.S.governmentagencythat
providedtheoriginalsupportforthedevelopmentoftheinterconnectednetworksthatlater
grewintotheInternet.
defer(v)~Topostponeapaymentordelivery.
deferredenforcementmode(n)~Theenforcementmodeinwhichclientcomputers
immediatelyreceiveNAPnotificationsiftheyarenotincompliancewithnetworkhealth
requirements,butdonothavetheiraccessrestricteduntilthespecifiedtimeanddate.
deferredevent(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,aneventthatmustbepostponed
forlaterusewhileanotheractivityisunderway.Youcanshowadeferredeventforastate
byincludingtheeventamongthestate’sinternaltransitions.
deferredinputVAT(n)~Thecalculatedvalue-addedtax(VAT)amountthatisnotdue
untiltheinvoiceispaid.ThisamountispostedtoanunrealizedpurchaseVATaccountand
canbeclaimedonlyafterthereceiptofareceipt/taxinvoiceorataxinvoice.
deferredloading(n)~Apatternofdataloadingwhererelatedobjectsarenotloadeduntil
anavigationpropertyisaccessed.
deferredoutputVAT(n)~Thecalculatedvalue-addedtax(VAT)amountthatisnotdue
untiltheinvoiceispaid.ThisamountispostedtoanunrealizedsalesVATaccountandcan
beclaimedonlyafterareceiptortaxinvoiceisprinted.
deferredquery(n)~ALINQquerythatisnotevaluateduntilitisiteratedover,either
withaforeachstatement(C#)oraForEachstatement(VisualBasic),orbymanually
usingtheunderlyingGetEnumeratorandMoveNextmethods.
deferredtransaction(n)~Atransactionthatisnotcommittedwhentherollforward
phaseofrecoverycompletesandthatcannotberolledbackduringdatabasestartup
becausedataneededbyrollbackisoffline.Thisdatacanresideineitherapageorafile.
Define(v)~Amenuoptionthatbecomesavailablewhenauserright-clicksaword.It
opensthechosendefinitionsprovideranddisplaysinformationforthewordselected.
definedname(n)~Awordorstringofcharactersinaformulathatrepresentsacell,range
ofcells,formula,orconstantvalue.
definition(n)~Averbalrepresentationofaconceptwhichservestodifferentiateitfrom
relatedconceptsandallowshumanstorecognizeandagreeontheconcept.
definitionupdate(n)~Abroadly-releasedandfrequentsoftwareupdatecontaining
additionstoaproduct’sdefinitiondatabase.Definitiondatabasesareoftenusedtodetect
objectswithspecificattributes,suchasmaliciouscode,phishingWebsites,orjunke-mail.
definitions(n)~Filesthatareusedtohelpdetectharmfulorunwantedsoftwareandto
preventitfrominstallingorrunningonyourcomputer.
definitionscallout(n)~AcalloutthatisinvokedthroughcontextualUItodisplay
referencedata,suchasdefinitionsandsynonyms,forthewordselected.
defragmentation(n)~Theprocessofrewritingpartsofafiletocontiguoussectorsona
harddisktoincreasethespeedofaccessandretrieval.
degradation(n)~Incomputersystems,areductioninlevelofperformanceorservice.
Degradationinmicrocomputerperformanceisindicatedbyslowresponsetimesor
frequentpausesfordiskaccessbecausememoryisinsufficienttoholdanentireprogram
plusthedatatheprogramisusing.
DEGREESIGN(n)~The-°character
degreesymbol(n)~The-°character
dehydrate(v)~Tosavethestateofarunningorchestrationtopersistentstorageand
removeitfrommemorywhentheorchestrationhasbeenidleforacertainlengthoftime.
deinterlace(v)~Tocombinetwointerlacedfieldsintoasingleframethatisnot
interlaced.
delamination(n)~AproblemwiththeSurfacedisplaywhenthediffuser(oroneofits
layers)detachesfromthetopoftheSurfaceunitalongoneedge.
delay(n)~Theamountoftimebetweenthescheduledstartofataskandthetimewhen
workshouldactuallybeginonthetask;itisoftenusedtoresolveresourceoverallocations.
Therearetwotypesofdelay:assignmentdelayandlevelingdelay.
delayedgroupcall(n)~Agroupcallthatfirstringsthegroupowner,andthenaftera
specifiednumberofsecondsringsthecallgroupinadditiontothegroupowner.
delegate(n)~Atypethatreferencesamethod.Onceadelegateisassignedamethod,it
behavesexactlylikethatmethod.Delegatesareroughlysimilartofunctionpointersin
C++;however,theyaretype-safeandsecure.
delegate(n)~Someonegrantedpermissiontoaccessitemsorperformfunctionson
anotheruser’sbehalf.
delegate(n)~Asecurityimpersonationlevelusedtoallowremoteaccessinvolvingmore
thanonenetworkhop.
delegate(n)~Someonewhohasbeenspecifiedbyamanager(orotherperson)tomakeor
receivecallsontheirbehalf.Delegatescanchangecallforwardingsettingsandaddother
delegates.Delegatesareautomaticallygiven-€œTeamAccess,-€?whichallowsthemto
contactthe-€œmanager-€?evenwhenhisorherpresenceissettoDonotDisturb.
delegatecontrol(n)~Acontrolonapageormasterpagethatcanbereplacedwith
anothercontrolorcontent.
delegatedadministrator(n)~Apartner(authorizedbytheMicrosoftPartnerNetwork)
whohasbeengrantedadministrativepermissionsbyaMicrosoftOnlineServices
customer.Thedelegatedadministratorcanaccessthecustomer’saccountintheMicrosoft
OnlineServicesAdministrationCenterandperformalltheadministrativetasks(addor
deleteusers,resetpasswords,etc.)onbehalfofthecustomer.
delegatedadministrator(n)~AMicrosoftpartnerwhoisassociatedwithoneormore
companiesandauthorizedtoprovidecertainadministrativetasksforsaidcompanies.A
delegatedadministratormaybethesameordifferentthanacustomer’ssubscription
advisor.ReferredtowithinMicrosoftasa-€œdelegatedadministratorpartner(DAP).-€?
DelegatedAdministratoruserrole(PN)~Auserrolethatallowstheusertocreatenew
DelegatedAdministratorandSelf-Serviceuserrolesandaddorremovememberstothe
Administratoruserrole,butnotmodifyVMMsettings.
delegatedauthentication(n)~Amethodofauthenticationbywhichatrustedserver(or
service)isenabledtoactastheclientwhenitconnectstothird-tierapplicationresources.
delegatedevaluator(n)~Afilterthatusesacustommethodtoevaluatethespecifieddata.
delegatedregistrationmodel(n)~Aregistrationmodelinwhichapersonotherthanthe
certificatesubscriberinitiatesthecertificatetransaction.Thecertificatesubscriberthen
completesthetransactionbyprovidingasuppliedone-timepassword.
delegation(n)~Anassignmentofadministrativeresponsibilitytoauser,computer,group,
ororganization.
delegation(n)~Theprocessofpassingontheapprovalofadocumenttoasubstitute
approverwithinthecontextofaNAVdocumentapprovalprocess.
delegationsetting(n)~AconfigurationelementthatspecifieswhichfeaturesofaWeb
siteorWebapplicationtodelegatetoWebsiteandWebapplicationadministratorsinIIS
Manager.Youcandelegatefeaturesasreadonly,read/write,notdelegated,andsoon.
delegationstate(n)~Thecondition,atanyparticulartime,ofthedelegationsetting.
Delegationstateexamplesincludereadonly,read/write,notdelegated,andsoon.
delegationwizard(n)~Awizardusedtodistributepreciseelementsoftheadministrator’s
workloadtoothers.
delete(v)~Toeliminatetext,afile,orpartofadocumentwiththeintentionofremoving
theinformationpermanently.
Delete(v)~Abutton,option,orotherUIelementthatpermanentlyremovestheselected
textorobjects.
DeleteaContact…(oth)~AUIelementthatopensalistofcontactssotheusercanselect
onetoremovefromtheuser’scontactlist.
DeleteaGroup(oth)~Amenuitemthatremovesagroupanditscontactsfromtheuser’s
Contactslist.
DELETEclause(n)~ApartofaDMLStatementthatcontainstheDELETEkeywordand
associatedparameters.
deletegesture(n)~InTabletPCInputPanel,anactiongestureorarevisiongesturethat
performsthesameactionaspressingtheDELETEkeyonthekeyboard.
DeleteGroup(PN)~Amenuitemthatremovesagroupanditscontactsfromtheuser’s
Contactslist.
DeleteGroupandContacts(oth)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforagroupthat
removestheselectedgroupanditscontactsfromtheuser’scontactlist.
DELETEkey(n)~OnIBMandPC-compatiblecomputers,akeywhosefunctionchanges
dependingontheapplicationprogram.Usuallyiterasesthecharacterunderthecursor,
althoughinsomeapplicationsitcaneraseselectedtextorgraphics.
deletelevel(n)~InDataTransformationServices,theamountandkindofdatatoremove
fromadatawarehouse.
deletequery(n)~Aquery(SQLstatement)thatremovesrowsmatchingthecriteriayou
specifyfromoneormoretables.
DeletedItemsfolder(n)~Afolderthatstoresitemsdeletedbytheuser.
delimitedflatfile(n)~Adatafilethatcontainsoneormorerecordsseparatedbyarecord
delimiter.Eachdelimitedrecordcontainsoneormorefieldsseparatedbyacommonfield
delimiter.
delimitedidentifier(n)~Anobjectinadatabasethatrequirestheuseofspecial
characters(delimiters)becausetheobjectnamedoesnotcomplywiththeformattingrules
ofregularidentifiers.
delimitedtextfile(n)~Afilecontainingdatawhereindividualfieldvaluesareseparated
byacharacter,suchasacommaoratab.
delimiter(n)~Oneormorespecialcharactersusedtoseparatepeersinadelimited
structure,atanylevel(fields,records,andsoon).
deliver(v)~Toprovideorgive.
deliverable(n)~Anymeasurable,tangible,verifiableoutcome,result,oritemthatmust
beproducedtocompleteaprojectorpartofaproject.
delivery(n)~Aproductsenttoacustomer.
deliveryaddress(n)~Thelocationtowhichgoodsaretobesent.
deliverychannel(n)~Apipelinebetweenadistributorandadeliveryservice.
deliverychanneltype(n)~Theprotocolforadeliverychannel,suchasSimpleMail
TransferProtocol(SMTP)orFile.
deliveryextension(n)~Aplug-inthatdeliversreportstoaspecifictarget(forexample,e-
maildelivery).
deliverynote(n)~Abusinessdocumentthatdocumentsthedeliveryofproductsbetween
twoparties.
deliveryprotocol(n)~Thesetofcommunicationrulesusedtoroutenotification
messagestoexternaldeliverysystems.
deliveryqueue(n)~Aqueuethatisusedtoholdmessagesthatbeingdeliveredtoa
Mailboxserverorremotelocation.Adeliveryqueueiscreatedforeachuniquemessage
destination.
deliveryschedule(n)~Aschedulefortheplanneddeliveryofproducts.
deliverystatusnotification(n)~AnotificationmadeupofaDSNcodeandaDSN
message,thatreportstheresultofanattempttodeliverane-mailmessage.
deltafile(n)~Afilewhichcontainsreferencestothoserowsinthedatafilethathave
beendeleted.
deltainventory(n)~Ahardwareorsoftwareinventorycyclethatcreatesadeltainventory
filecontainingalltheinformationthatwasadded,removed,orchangedsincetheprevious
inventory.Thedeltainventoryfileissmallerthanthecompleteinventoryfile.
deltainventoryfile(n)~Afilegeneratedduringinventorycyclesthatoccurafterthe
initialcompleteinventory,containingonlyhardwareorsoftwarepropertiesthatwere
added,removed,orchangedsincethepreviousinventorycycle.
deltareplication(n)~ThecopyingofonlythechangedfilesinaConfigurationManager
packagewhenanupdatehasbeenmadetothepackage.
demandduringleadtime(n)~Theaveragedailydemandforaproductmultipliedbythe
averageleadtime.
demandforecast(n)~Apredictionoffutureproductdemand.
demandforecasting(n)~Abusinessprocessthatestimatesfuturedemandandcreates
demandforecastsbasedonhistoricaltransactiondata.
DemandManagement(PN)~Afeaturethatcapturesandmanagesworkproposalsina
singlelocation.Proposalsmovethroughacustomizable,multi-stagegovernanceprocess
thatmayincludereview,selectionofproposalsforapproval,andtrackingtheexecutionof
approvedproposalsthroughtocompletion.
demandplan(n)~Theestimatedfuturedemandforaproductfamily.Ademandplanis
similartoasalesforecast,butifthedemandcannotbemet,thesaleswillbelessthanthe
demand.
demandplanner(n)~Theemployeewhoisresponsibleforcreatingademandplan.
demand-dialinterface(n)~Alogicalinterfacethatrepresentsademand-dialconnection
(aPPPlink)thatisconfiguredonthecallingrouter.Thedemand-dialinterfacecontains
configurationinformationsuchastheporttouse,theaddressingusedtocreatethe
connection(suchasaphonenumber),authenticationandencryptionmethods,and
authenticationcredentials.
demi-bold(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof600
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
demo(n)~Apartialorlimitedversionofasoftwarepackagedistributedfreeofchargefor
advertisingpurposes.Demosoftenconsistofanimatedpresentationsthatdescribeor
demonstratetheprogram’sfeatures.
demo(n)~Acomputerinastorethatisavailableforcustomerstotest,toseeiftheywish
tobuyit.
demo(n)~Ademonstrationofaproductorservicethatacustomerinteractswithtosee
howfeatureswork.
demoversion(n)~Apartialorlimitedversionofasoftwarepackagedistributedfreeof
chargeforadvertisingpurposes.Demosoftenconsistofanimatedpresentationsthat
describeordemonstratetheprogram’sfeatures.
demographicinformation(n)~Informationsuchasage,education,income,andgender
aboutthepopulationinparticularareas.
demote(v)~Tomoveanitemtoalowerlevelwithinatreestructure.
demultiplexing(n)~Theseparatingofmultiplesignals,whichwerecombinedintoa
commonphysicalsignalforsimultaneoustransmissionacrossasinglephysicalchannel,
backintomultiplesignals.
denial(n)~Theeventinwhichapermissionisnotgranted.Bydenyingapermission,a
methodcanpreventitscallersfromexercisingtheprivilegerepresentedbythat
permission.IfamethodonthecallstackdeniespermissionA,astackwalkcheckingfor
permissionAwillfailunlessavalidassertionisfoundonthestackbetweenthemethod
doingthedenialandthemethodthatinitiatedthecheckforpermissionA.
denialofserviceattack(n)~Anattemptbyamalicious(orunwitting)user,process,or
systemtopreventlegitimateusersfromaccessingaresource(usuallyanetworkservice)
byexploitingaweaknessordesignlimitationinaninformationsystem.
denial-of-serviceattack(n)~Anattemptbyamalicious(orunwitting)user,process,or
systemtopreventlegitimateusersfromaccessingaresource(usuallyanetworkservice)
byexploitingaweaknessordesignlimitationinaninformationsystem.
denormalize(v)~Tointroduceredundancyintoatabletoincorporatedatafromarelated
table.
density(n)~Thedegreeofdarknessofanimage.
Deny(PN)~ThebuttoninYammerthatallowsagroupadministratortodenyaccesstoa
particulargroupofusersthathaverequestedaccesstothatgroup.
DEP(n)~Asecurityfeaturethatmonitorsprogramsonacomputertodetermineifthey
usesystemmemorysafely.Todothis,DEPsoftwareworksaloneorwithcompatible
microprocessorstomarksomememorylocationsasnon-executable.’Ifaprogramtriesto
runcodethatismaliciousorisnotfromaprotectedlocation
Department(PN)~AninstanceofParaturethathousesthedata,files,andinformationfor
oneclientororganization.Clientsandorganizationscanhaveandoperatemultiple
DepartmentsforvariouspurposesandeachDepartmenthasitsownsegregatedSupport
Portalbydefault.Departmentsownedbythesameclientororganizationarecapableof
sharingcertaininformation;tolearnmoreaboutsharinginformationbetween
Departments,consulttheParatureKnowledgebase.
departmentcode(n)~Auniquealphanumericnameusedtoidentifyadepartment.
departmentorganizationcode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsthedepartmentinwhichan
employeeperformsajob.
dependence(n)~Thestateinwhichoneentityreliesuponspecifichardware,software,or
specificeventsforitsowndefinitionorfunctionality.
dependency(n)~Adirectedrelationshipbetweentwoobjects,suchascomponents,
objects,orfeatures.Forexample,iffeatureAdependsonfeatureB,Bisadependencyof
A.
dependencygraph(n)~Acodemaptovisualizesdirectrelationshipsacrosscodeand
showshowthecodefitstogetherwithoutreadingthroughfilesandlinesofcode.
dependencyproperty(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundationandSilverlight,a
propertyrepresentedbyaDependencyPropertyidentifierthatisregisteredwiththe
propertysystem.DependencypropertiescanbedefinedonlybyDependencyObjecttypes,
whichtypicallyexposetheidentifierasapublicstaticfield.Thepropertysystem
determinestheireffectivevaluebasedonaprecedenceevaluationofallpossiblevalue
sources.
dependencytree(n)~Adiagramforvisualizingthedependencyrelationshipsbetween
resources.
dependent(n)~Acellthatcontainsaformulathatreferstoanothercell.Forexample,if
cellD10containstheformula=B5,cellD10isadependentofcellB5.
dependent(n)~Aroleassumedbyoneperson,place,orthingthatparticipatesina
relationship.
dependentanimation(n)~Ananimationthatchangesthevalueofapropertyandrunson
theUIthread.
dependentchangemanagementactivity(n)~Achangemanagementactivitythatisused
tolinkchangerequeststoareleaserecord.
dependentclient(n)~ForMessageQueuing,acomputerthatrequiressynchronous
accesstoaMessageQueuingservertoperformallstandardmessagequeuingoperations,
suchassendingandreceivingmessagesandcreatingqueues.
dependentcomponent(n)~Acomponentthatrequiresthecurrentcomponenttowork
properly.Forexample,adependentcomponentofaglobalOptionSetisan-€œattribute-
€?thatreferencesthatOptionSet.
dependentmodule(n)~Amodulethatcontainsdependenciesfromothermodules.
dependentparty(n)~Apartywhoassumesadependentrolewhenitparticipatesina
relationshipwithanotherparty.
dependentprogram(n)~Aprogramthatrequiresthatanotherprogramrunfirst.
dependentworkflow(n)~Aworkflowinstancethatisgeneratedbyaparentworkflow
instance.
deploy(v)~Toputintouse.
deploy(v)~TobuildaDACinstance,eitherdirectlyfromaDACpackageorfromaDAC
previouslyimportedtotheSQLServerUtility.
deploy(v)~TorolloutasoftwarepackageasacloudserviceinMicrosoftAzure.Users
canmakestagingorproductiondeploymentsofthecloudservice.
deployedenvironment(n)~Agroupofvirtualmachineslocatedonateamprojecthost
groupandcontrolledbyMicrosoftTestManager.Adeployedenvironmentcanberunning
orstopped.
deployment(n)~Theprocessofdistributingandinstallingasoftwareprogramthroughout
anentireorganization.
deployment(n)~Theprocessofmovingtheconfigurationfilesforavirtualmachinefrom
theVirtualMachineManagerlibrarytoavirtualmachinehost.
deployment(n)~AversionoftheMicrosoftAzurecloudservicedeployedtothestaging
orproductionenvironment.
deployment(n)~Theresultofadeployment.
DeploymentAdministrationServer(PN)~InMicrosoftDynamicsCRM,aserverthat
encompassestheDeploymentManagerToolandDeploymentService.
DeploymentAgent(PN)~ThedeploymentagentcomponentisaWindowsservicethat
livesontheTargetServerswheretheapplicationcomponentsmanagedbyrelease
managementareinstalled.
DeploymentandImagingToolsEnvironment(PN)~Theshortcutusedtoopena
commandpromptthatincludespredefinedsystemvariablesforWindowsADKtools.
DeploymentDesigner(PN)~ThedesignerusedtocreateandmanageDeployment
Diagrams.
deploymentdiagram(n)~Thediagramusedtodefineandevaluatedeploymentfor
applicationsinanapplicationsystem.Thedeploymentdiagram(.dd)filecontains
informationbasedontheSystemDefinitionModel(SDM).
DeploymentImageServicingandManagement(PN)~Aframeworkthatprovidesa
singlepointforITprofessionalsandOEMstoserviceandmaintainWindowsimages
offlinethroughascriptablecommandlineutilityandaneasilyextensibleinfrastructure.
DeploymentManager(n)~Asetofsystemadministratortoolsforconfiguringand
monitoringasoftwareapplicationanditsservers.Itsupportsdeployingupdates
throughoutthesystem.
deploymentmanifest(n)~ThefileusedinClickOnceapplicationsthatdescribesthe
currentversionofthisdeployment,andwhetheritshouldbeinstalledontheclient
computeroronlyrunonline.
deploymentpackage(n)~Asetoffilesthatcanbedeliveredasaunittoaclient
computerordeviceforinstallation.
deploymentpurpose(n)~Anapplicationstatethatisassociatedwiththedeploymentof
software,suchasAvailableorRequired.
deploymentreport(n)~AreportinXML-orHTML-formatthatisassociatedwitha
deploymentdiagram.Youcanusethesereportstocreateinstallationanddeployment
scripts.
deploymenttype(n)~Atechnologythatisusedtodeployanapplicationtodevices.A
deploymenttypeiscontainedwithinanapplication;forexample,WindowsInstallercould
beadeploymenttypeforthe-€œVisio2007-€?application.
deposit(n)~Fundsaddedtoanaccount.
deposit(v)~Toaddmoneytoanaccount.
depositslip(n)~Aformthatshowsthedateandtheitemsthatmakeupadeposit,
includingreceiptandpaymentinformation,thecurrency,checkandcointotalsandthe
amountofcashreceived.
depositoryfinancialinstitution(n)~Thebankorfinancialinstitutionthatthepayment
formatfileistransmittedtoforprocessing.
deprecated(adj)~Pertainingtoasoftwarefeatureorprogrammingobjectthatisoutdated
andshouldnotbeused.Adeprecateditemiscurrentlysupportedforbackward
compatibility,butitmightbecomeobsoleteandunsupportedinthefuture.
deprecatedobject(n)~Anobjectfromapreviousversionofanoperatingsystemthatis
goingtobeinvalidorobsoleteinthecurrentOSversion.
depreciation(n)~Anallocationofpartoftheoriginalvalueofafixedassettocurrent
incomeduringaspecificperiod.Depreciationrepresentsthedecliningvalueofthefixed
assetasacostofthespecifiedperiod.
depreciation(n)~Theexpirationofaportionoftheoriginalcostofafixedassetduringa
specifictimeperiod.
depreciationbook(n)~Aspecificbookusedforreportingpurposesthatcontainsall
depreciationtransactionsforassetsthatarevalidforthatbook.
depreciationconvention(n)~Oneofseveralpredefinedrulesforcalculatingdepreciation
intheyearoftheacquisitionoftheassetandtheyearofthedisposaloftheasset.
deprovision(v)~Toremoveanaccountfromaconnecteddatasource.
depthaxis(n)~Thethirdaxisinathree-dimensionalcoordinatesystem,usedincomputer
graphicstorepresentdepth.
depthbias(n)~Avaluethatcontrolsthedrawingorderforpolygonsalong-thez-axis
(depthofview).
depthbuffer(n)~Abufferthatstoresadepthvalueforeachpixelinascene.Pixelswith
asmallz-valueoverwritepixelswithalargez-value.
depthoffield(n)~Themeasurementoftheareainfrontofandbehindthesubjectthatis
infocus.
depthstencil(n)~Inthree-dimensionalgraphics,abuffertolimittheareaofrendering
whenhandlingZ-coordinates.
dequeue(v)~Toremovefromaqueue.
dereference(v)~Inprogramming,toaccessinformationattheaddresscontainedbya
pointer.Thesyntaxfordereferencingvariesamongcomputerlanguages.
dereference(v)~Toprogrammaticallyaccessamemoryaddressassignedtoapointer
variableorreferencevariable.
derivationrule(n)~Aruletodetermineaclassifierforclassifyingthefinancial
consequencesofanaccountingevent.
derivedclass(n)~Inobject-orientedprogramming,aclasscreatedfromanotherclass,
calledthebaseclass.Aderivedclassinheritsallthefeaturesofitsbaseclass.Itcanthen
adddataelementsandroutines,redefineroutinesfromthebaseclass,andrestrictaccessto
base-classfeatures.
derivedclass(n)~Aclassthatassumesachildrolewhenitparticipatesinaninheritance
relationshipwithaparent(orbase)classwhosemethodscanbeextendedorredefinedand
whosememberaccesscanberestricted.
derivedcolumn(n)~Atransformationthatcreatesnewcolumnvaluesbyapplying
expressionstotransformationinputcolumns.
deriveddepreciationbook(n)~Aspecificbookusedtocopytransactionsenteredfora
valuemodeltothespecificdepreciationbook.Canbeusedwhenassetsareacquiredso
thattheacquisitiontransactionneedstobeenteredonlyonceinsteadofforeachvalue
modelanddepreciationbook.
derivedelement(n)~Anelement,suchasanattributeorassociation,thatcanbe
calculatedorderivedfromotherinformation.Forexample,anageattributefortheclass
PersoncanbederivedifyouknowthePerson’sdateofbirth.
derivedinput(n)~Thesetofinputeventsthatarederivedfrominputprimitives.Thisset
islooselydefinedasanidentifiablepatternofinputprimitivesoveralimitedperiodof
time.Likeinputprimitives,derivedinputdoesnotrequireapplicationcontexttobe
identified.Derivedinputincludessuchthingsastouchandflick.
derivedkey(n)~AcryptographickeycreatedbyacalltoCryptDeriveKey.Aderivedkey
canbecreatedfromapassword,oranyotheruserdata.Derivedkeysallowapplicationsto
createsessionkeysasneeded,eliminatingtheneedtostoreaparticularkey.
derivedproduction(n)~Asubproductionorderthatiscreatedbasedonthemain
productionorder.
derivedsessionkey(n)~Asessionkeycreatedbyanapplicationasneeded.Before
creatingaderivedsessionkey,anapplicationpromptstheuserforapassword.
derivedtable(n)~Atablethatassumesachildrolewhenitparticipatesinaninheritance
relationshipwithanothertable.
DES(n)~Anencryptionalgorithmthatusesa56-bitkeyandmapsa64-bitinputblockto
a64-bitoutputblock.Thekeyappearstobea64-bitkey,butonebitineachoftheeight
bytesisusedforoddparity,resultingin56bitsofusablekey.
descendant(n)~Inatreedatastructure,anodethatisoneormorestepsfartherfromthe
root(oneormorelevelslower)thantheancestornode.
descent(n)~Thepixeloffsetofthebottomofanelementwithrespecttoitsbaseline.
descriptionarea(n)~Theareaintheresultspanethatdescribesthepurposeofthe
selectedsnap-in.
descriptionbar(n)~Thebarabovetheresultspane.Containsthenameoftheselected
node.
deserialization(n)~Theprocessofconvertinganobjectfromaserialstorageformatto
binaryformatintheformofanobjectthatapplicationscanuse.Thishappenswhenthe
objectisretrievedfromthecacheclusterwiththeGetclientAPIs.
deserialize(v)~Tochangefromserial(bybit)toparallel(bybyte).
Design(n)~AformatusedbytheBentleyMicroStationCADprogramtostoredrawing
files.
Design(PN)~TheSwayfeaturethatallowsuserstomakeStyle-andStructure-based
changestotheirsway.
DesignAccents(PN)~Agalleryofdesignelementsthatcanbeusedtoembellish
publications.
designelement(n)~Anitem(suchasapage,frameset,itemtype,form,view,scriptfile,
textfile,cascadingstylesheet,orimage)thatcontributestoanoverallpattern,scheme,or
layout.
designgrid(n)~ThegridthatyouusetodesignaqueryorfilterinqueryDesignviewor
intheAdvancedFilter/Sortwindow.Forqueries,thisgridwasformerlyknownasthe
QBEgrid.
DesignManager(PN)~Afeaturethatguidestheuserthroughtheprocessofusingan
HTMLeditortodesignandcustomizeaSharePointsite.
DesignMaster(n)~Theonlymemberofthereplicasetinwhichyoucanmakechanges
tothedatabasestructurethatcanbepropagatedtootherreplicas.
designmode(n)~TheInfoPathdesignenvironmentinwhichyoucancreateormodifya
formtemplate.
designonce(adj)~Characterizedbytheabilitytodesign,build,code,andpublishan
elementasingletimeandhaveitfunctioninmorethanoneenvironment.
Designpanel(PN)~TheSwaypanelthatprovidesuserswithalltheStyleandStructure
options.
designpattern(n)~Adesignpatterninarchitectureandcomputerscienceisaformalway
ofdocumentingasolutiontoadesignprobleminaparticularfieldofexpertise.
designset(n)~Acollectionofpublicationsthatshareaconsistentcolorscheme,font
scheme,anddesign.
designsurface(n)~ThemainareaoftheMacroDesignerwheremacroactionsareplaced
tobemadeintoamacro.
designtemplate(n)~Afilethatcontainsthestylesinapresentation,includingthetype
andsizeofbulletsandfonts;placeholdersizesandpositions;backgrounddesignandfill;
colorschemes;andaslidemasterandoptionaltitlemaster.
designtime(n)~Thetimeduringwhichyoucreateandmodifythedesignoftheobjects
andcodeinyourapplication.
Designtools(PN)~TheDevelopertoolssubcategorycontainingappstohelpdevelopers
withdesignaspectsofbuildinganapp.
Designview(n)~Awindowthatshowsthedesignofthesedatabaseobjects-tables,
queries,forms,reports,macros,anddataaccesspages.InDesignview,youcancreatenew
databaseobjectsandmodifythedesignofexistingones.
Designview(n)~Awindowthatshowsavisualrepresentationofthecodebehindaweb
page.
Designview(n)~Awindowthatshowsavisualrepresentationofadocumentonthe
artboard.
designworkspace(n)~Auserinterfaceareawheregeneralauthoringtasksareperformed.
designatedaccount(n)~TheMicrosoftExchangeServeruseraccountthatisthesender
ofcontrolmessages.
designatedrouter(n)~AnOSPFrouterthatformsadjacencieswithallotherroutersona
multipleaccessnetwork.
designer(n)~Avisualdesignsurface.
Designer(PN)~TheportionofInfoPathusedtodesignforms.
design-timecontrol(n)~AnActiveXcontrolthatisusedwhiledesigningoreditinga
Webpage.Design-timecontrolsareinstalledontheclientcomputer.
desiredconfigurationmanagement(n)~AConfigurationManagerfeaturethatprovides
asetoftoolsandresourcesforassessingandtrackingconfigurationcomplianceofclient
computersintheenterprise.
desiredzone(n)~ThezoneinwhichAppleTalknetworkintegrationappearsonthe
network.
deskphone(n)~AtelephonethatsitsonadeskandistobeusedwithLyncServerand
OfficeCommunicationsServer.
deskband(n)~Acustomizedtoolbarthatcanbeaddedtotheregularprogramtaskbarand
thatcontainsshortcutstofrequentlyperformedtasks.
desktop(n)~Theworkareaonacomputerscreenthatsimulatesthetopofanactualdesk.
ThedesktopcontainstheRecycleBinandothericons(shortcutstoprograms,files,
folders,andvarioustypesofdocumentssuchasletters,reports,orpictures)thatyoucan
arrangeontheelectronicdesktopjustasyouwouldarrangerealobjectsontopofadesk.
desktop(n)~Theworkareaonacomputerscreenthatcontainsdifferentgroups-ofapps
orcontentopenandavailablefordifferenttasksoraspectsofyourlife.Eachgroupof
itemsiscalledadesktoporvirtualdesktop.
Desktop~Acomputerdesignedtositonadesk(asopposedtoalaptop).InWindows,it
alsomeansthescreenyouseewhenyouaren’trunninganyprograms,with‘My
Computer’,theRecycleBinandsoon.
desktop~Acomputerdesignedtositonadesk(asopposedtoalaptop).InWindows,it
alsomeansthescreenyouseewhenyouaren’trunninganyprograms,with‘My
Computer’,theRecycleBinandsoon.
desktopalertwindow(n)~AwindowthatpopsupontheWindowsdesktopinresponse
toanevent,forexample,receivingemail.
desktopapp(n)~Anapplicationthatismeanttorunonadesktopcomputer.
desktopappbar(n)~Theworkspaceatthebottomoftheapplicationthatdisplaysalerts
andnotifications.
desktopapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatismeanttorunonadesktopcomputer.
desktopapplication(n)~?AnapplicationthatisbuiltusingthetraditionalWin32app
model,typicallymakesuseoftheCOMor.NETruntime,andrunsonlyonthedesktopof
Windows.
desktopbackground(n)~InagraphicaluserinterfacesuchasWindows,apatternor
pictureinthescreenbackgroundthatcanbechosenbytheuser.
desktopcomposition(n)~Afeature,introducedinWindowsVista,thatenablesindividual
windowstobedrawntooff-screensurfacesinvideomemoryinsteadofbeingdrawn
directlytotheprimarydisplaydevice.
desktopdashboardaccount(n)~Anaccountthatisrequiredtocertifydesktopappsfor
Windows.
desktopdeviceapp(n)~AdeviceappbuiltinC++/Win32/COM.
desktopexperience(n)~Theexperienceauserhaswhenactivelyengagedwiththe
computer.
DesktopExperience(PN)~Thefeaturethatinstallsin-boxWindowsClientapplications
andaddsmissingcomponentsthatenableotherapplicationswrittenforWindowsClientto
workonWindowsServer.
desktopgadget(n)~Agadgetthatuserscandisplayontheirdesktop,ratherthanonthe
WindowsSidebar.Examplesareclocks,newsheadlines,slideshows,andweather
forecasts.
DesktopGadgetGallery(PN)~Anorganizerusedtoadd,uninstall,andsearchfor
desktopgadgets.
desktopISPsign-upoffer(n)~AsetofHTMLpagesthatoffertheenduserthe
opportunitytosignupforInternetaccess.Toviewtheoffer,theenduserclicksalink
fromtheOEMlinkontheStartmenu.
DesktopLanguagePack(PN)~Afreeadd-onthatuserscanusetoswitchthelanguage
that’sdisplayedintheVisualStudiouserinterface.
DesktopManagementInterface(n)~Asystemformanagingtheconfigurationsand
statusofPCsonanetworkfromacentralcomputer.InDMIanagentprogramrunsinthe
backgroundoneachmachineandreturnsinformationorperformssomeaction(as
specifiedbyafileonthatmachine)inresponsetoaqueryreceivedfromthecentral
computer.Theactionstobeperformedbytheagentmightincludewatchingforerrorsand
reportingthemtothecentralcomputerastheyoccur;forexample,aprintermightbeset
uptoreporttothecentralcomputerwhenpaperrunsoutorjams.DMIwasdevelopedby
theDMTF(DesktopManagementTaskForce),aconsortiumofcomputerequipment
manufacturers,andcompeteswithSNMP(althoughthetwocancoexistonthesame
system).
desktoppattern(n)~InagraphicaluserinterfacesuchasWindows,apatternorpicture
inthescreenbackgroundthatcanbechosenbytheuser.
desktopprogram(n)~Anapplicationthatismeanttorunonadesktopcomputer.
desktopprogram(n)~?AnapplicationthatisbuiltusingthetraditionalWin32app
model,typicallymakesuseoftheCOMor.NETruntime,andrunsonlyonthedesktopof
Windows.
desktoppublishing(n)~Theuseofacomputerandspecializedsoftwaretocombinetext
andgraphicstocreateadocumentthatcanbeprintedoneitheralaserprinterora
typesettingmachine.
desktopregistration(n)~TheopportunitygiventotheendusertoregisterwithMicrosoft
andtheOEM,iftheuserfailedtoregisterduringWindowsWelcome.
desktopsession(n)~Aperiodoftimewhenoneuserisloggedontoacomputer.Whena
userlogsontoacomputer,thesessioniscreated.Whenthatuserlogsoff,thesessionis
ended.
desktopsharing(n)~Afeaturethatallowsausertodisplayhisorherdesktoptoa
meetingortoconversationparticipants.
desktoptheme(n)~Acollectionofvisualelementsandsoundsforyourcomputer
desktopordeviceUserInterface.Athemedeterminesthelookofthevariousvisual
elementsofyourUserInterface,suchaswindows,icons,fonts,andcolors,anditcan
includesounds.
desktoptoolbar(n)~Atoolbarthatdockstothedesktop,similartothetaskbar.
DesktopViewer(PN)~Aviewerthatdisplaysgeneratedreportsandletsusersadd
commentstoareport,createchartsorgraphsfromreportdata,viewvariouslevelsofa
financialreport,andexportthereporttootherfiletypes.
desktopwindow(n)~Asystem-definedwindowthatpaintsthebackgroundofthescreen
andservesasthebaseforallwindowsdisplayedbyallapplications.
DesktopWindowManager(PN)~AcomponentofWindowsthatmanageswindow
policies,behavioursandvisualappearance.
despooler(n)~AnSMSthreadcomponentthatprocessesinstructionfilessentfromthe
sendercomponentoftheparentsiteandperformsactionsbasedonsuchinstructionfiles.
destination(n)~Thelocation(drive,folder,ordirectory)towhichafileiscopiedor
moved.
destination(n)~TheSSISdataflowcomponentthatloadsdataintodatastoresorcreates
in-memorydatasets.
destination(n)~Asynchronizationproviderthatprovideitscurrentknowledge,accepta
listofchangesfromthesourceprovider,detectanyconflictsbetweenthatlistanditsown
items,andapplychangestoitsdatastore.
destinationadapter(n)~Adataflowcomponentthatloadsdataintoadatastore.
destinationarea(n)~Therangeofcellsthatyouselecttoholdthesummarizeddataina
consolidation.Thedestinationareacanbeonthesameworksheetasthesourcedataoron
adifferentworksheet.Aworksheetcancontainonlyoneconsolidation.
destinationcompanyaccount(n)~Thelegalentitythatistherecipientofaliabilityinan
intercompanyeconomictransaction.
destinationcomputer(n)~Thecomputerthatwillbedistributedtocustomersonwhich
youinstallWindows.YoucaneitherrunWindowsSetuponthedestinationcomputeror
copyamasterinstallationontoadestinationcomputer.
destinationdistributionline(n)~Thedistributionlineforthedestinationcompanyonan
allocationtransaction.
destinationdocument(n)~Adocumenttowhichinformationiscopiedormoved.
destinationfile(n)~Thefilethatalinkedorembeddedobjectisinsertedinto,orthatdata
issavedto.Thesourcefilecontainstheinformationthatisusedtocreatetheobject.When
youchangeinformationinadestinationfile,theinformationisnotupdatedinthesource
file.
destinationinventorylocation(n)~Aninventorylocationwherematerialsrequiredbya
finalkanbanproductionactivityortransferactivityarereceived.
destinationmodel(n)~Themodeltowhichdatawillbemoved.
destinationprovider(n)~Asynchronizationproviderthatprovideitscurrentknowledge,
acceptalistofchangesfromthesourceprovider,detectanyconflictsbetweenthatlistand
itsownitems,andapplychangestoitsdatastore.
destinationset(n)~Asetintowhicharesourcemovesbecauseofarequestthatchanges
thatresource’sattributes.
destinationsubscription(n)~Anewsubscriptionthatiscreatedasaresultofa
conversionoramerge.
destination-basedsalestax(n)~AsalestaxleviedinsomestatesintheUnitedStateson
aproductbasedonthedestinationinwhichthebuyertakesownershiporreceivesthe
product.
destructionmarker(n)~Inacollaborationdiagram,amarkerusedtoindicateobject
rolesandassociationroles,orlinks,thataredestroyedduringtheoperation.
destructor(n)~Afunctionusedtodestructinstancesofclasses.
detach(v)~Toremoveuninstalledapplicationfilesfromadestinationcomputer.
detach(v)~Tostopexposingasurfacedvirtualdisktotheuser.
detailarea(n)~ThepartofPivotTableviewthatcontainsdetailandtotalfields.
detaildata(n)~Forautomaticsubtotalsandworksheetoutlines,thesubtotalrowsor
columnsthataretotaledbysummarydata.Detaildataistypicallyadjacenttoandeither
aboveortotheleftofthesummarydata.
detailfield(n)~Afieldthatdisplaysallrows,orrecords,fromtheunderlyingrecord
source.
Detailsection(n)~Areportsectionusedtocontainthemainbodyofaformorreport.
Thissectionusuallycontainscontrolsboundtothefieldsintherecordsource,butcanalso
containunboundcontrols,suchaslabelsthatidentifyafield’scontents.
detailunit(n)~Areportingunitthatdrawsinformationdirectlyfromthegeneralledger.
Detailview(PN)~TheSwayfeaturethatallowsausertoclickoncontentandseeitfull
screen.
detailedinventory(n)~Thereadingoftheheaderareaofatapeinthelibrarytoidentify
theon-mediaidentifier(OMID)oneachtape.
DetailedProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedwithlargeamountsofLevel2
texttoshowaprogressionthroughstages.
detailsinfopart(n)~Aninfopartthatrelatesdirectlytotheopenentityortheselected
entity(thelineinfocusinthecontentarea).Ifadetailsinfopartrelatestoalineineithera
documentoralist,theinformationintheinfopartchangeswhentheuserselectsanew
line.
detailspane(n)~Apanethatdisplaysdetailsaboutanitemselectedinanotherportionof
theuserinterface.Forexample,inMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC),thedetails
paneistherightpanethatdisplaysdetailsfortheselecteditemintheconsoletree.
Detailspane(n)~ThelowerleftpaneintheDPMAdministratorConsole.TheDetails
paneprovidesdetailedinformationaboutanitemselectedintheDisplaypane.
detectable(adj)~Pertainingtoastateinwhichcomputersonanetworkcanbelocatedby
othercomputersanddevicesonthesamenetworkinordertocommunicate.Thisstateis
determinedbyafirewallsetting,whichalsoaffectsaccesstosharedfilesandprinters.
DetectedEvents(PN)~Afeaturethatidentifiesapossiblemeetingrequestoreventinan
emailmessageandenablestheusertotakeactiononitfromwithinthemessage.
detectiontool(n)~Thesoftwarecodeusedbyantivirusoranti-spywareprogramstofind
malicioussoftwareorpotentiallyunwantedsoftwareonacomputer.
Detective(n)~SkilllevelinthePurblePlacegame.OnceaPurblePlacegameis
completed,aplayergetsaskilllevelrankassignedautomaticallybythegame(basedon
numberofguessesandhintsduringthegame).
detectoid(n)~Alogicalconditionthatisevaluatedonaclientcomputertodetectthe
presenceofsoftware,drivers,ortheirupdates.AdetectoidisidentifiedbyaGlobally
uniqueidentifier(GUID)anddescribedbymetadata.Itisrepresentedasanupdatewithno
associatedcontent.
detectoid(n)~AnXMLdocumentconsistingofapplicabilityrulesandusedtofactorout
commonapplicabilityrulesforpackages.
detectoid(n)~Anapplicationthatdetectsdataandstatechangesrelatedtoaparticular
securityapplication.
determinant(n)~Indatabasedesigntheory,anyattributeorcombinationofattributeson
whichanyotherattributeorcombinationofattributesisfunctionallydependent.
deterministic(adj)~Incomputing,beingabletopredictanoutcomeortoknowin
advancehowdatawillbemanipulatedbyaprocessingsystem.Adeterministicsimulation,
forexample,isoneinwhichacertaininputalwaysproducesthesameoutput.
detrendedpriceoscillatorformula(n)~Aformulathatcalculatesthedifferencebetween
thedailypriceandthemovingaverage.Thisisusefulforidentifyingcyclesand
overboughtandoversoldpricelevels.
DevelopSkillsNeeds-HiringPlan-HiringForecast(n)~Atemplatethatprovidesa
frameworkforthegeneralactivities,fromaHumanResourcesdepartmentalperspective,
thatareundertakentoperformananalysisofforecastedskillsneedsandthepotential
hiringand/ortrainingplansneededtoaddressthegapbetweenneededskillsandavailable
skills.
developer(n)~Anindividualwhodesignsanddevelopssoftware.
developeraccount(n)~AnaccountthatisrequiredtosubmitanappintheWindows
Store.
DeveloperBizTalkunit(n)~Aunitofmeasureforthecomputecapacityandmemory
usedbytheDevelopertierofMicrosoftAzureBizTalkServices.
DeveloperCommandPromptforVS2013(n)~Acommand-lineinterpreterfor
developersinVisualStudio2013.
developerlicense(n)~Alicensefordeveloperssotheycanlaunchanapptotestitbefore
submittingittotheWindowsStore
DeveloperSite(PN)~??Asitetemplatethatisdesignedtohelpdeveloperstotesttheapps
theyarebuildingandgetfeedbackabouttheirappsfromothers.
DeveloperSupport(PN)~ThelowestMicrosoftAzuresupportplanthatincludesbasic
supportplussupportforbillingandsubscriptionmanagement-relatedissuesaswellas
break-fixissues;responsetimeiswithin8hours.
Developertools(PN)~Anappcategorythatcontainsappstohelpdeveloperscreateapps.
developerunit(n)~ASurfaceunitthatisoptimizedfordeveloperstocreatenewSurface
applications.Adeveloperunitincludessoftwarethatisrequiredtodevelopapplications
withtheSurfaceSDK,includingMicrosoftVisualC#2008ExpressEdition,Microsoft
ExpressionWeb,andMicrosoftXNAFramework.Incontrast,acommercialunitis
optimizedforuserenvironmentsandincludesonlythesoftwarethatisneededtorun
Surfaceapplications.
development(n)~Anycomputercodeormaterials,otherthanProducts,FixesorPre-
existingWork,developedbyMicrosoftorincollaborationwithCustomer,whichis
providedtoCustomerinthecourseofperformanceofaStatementofServices.
DevelopmentAcceleratorCore(PN)~AnintegratedsetofMicrosoftcomponents,
templates,andguidancedesignedtosolvespecificcustomerbusinessproblems.
DevelopmentAcceleratorExtended(PN)~AnintegratedsetofMicrosoftcomponents,
templates,andguidancedesignedtosolvespecificcustomerbusinessproblems.
developmentcycle(n)~Theprocessofapplicationdevelopmentfromdefinitionof
requirementstofinishedproduct,includingthefollowingstages:analysis,designand
prototyping,softwarecodingandtesting,andimplementation.
Developmentkits(PN)~TheDevelopertoolssubcategorycontainingappstohelp
developerswithmanyaspectsofbuildinganapp.
DevelopmentServer(PN)~ThewebserverthatshipswithVisualStudio.
developmenttask(n)~Anassignedunitofdevelopmentworkusuallycreatedtobuild
partofascenarioorqualityofservicerequirement.Thedevelopmenttaskdescribesthe
objectiveofthedeveloperinthecontextofaniteration.
DevelopmentToolsEnvironment(n)~Asetofinterfacesthatenabledevelopersto
programmaticallyachieveseveralofthekeytasksachievablefromtheIntegrated
DevelopmentEnvironment(IDE).
developmentworkstation(n)~ThecomputerthatrunsPlatformBuilderandisusedto
developcodeforPortableMediaCenter.
device(n)~Anypieceofequipmentthatcanbeattachedphysicallyorwirelesslytoa
networkorcomputer,forexample,printers,keyboards,externaldiskdrives,orother
peripheralequipment.
device(n)~Ahandheldportabletelephonethatoperatesthrougharadionetwork.
device(n)~Theserver,laptop,desktop,ormobiledeviceonwhichConfiguration
Managerruns.
device(n)~Apieceofequipmentthatisrunninganoperatingsystem.
DeviceAccessAPI(PN)~AsetofCOMinterfacesthatadevicecompanionappcanuse
tosendrequests,toaspecializeddevice,synchronouslyorasynchronously.
deviceadapter(n)~AnASP.NETpageframeworkclassthatadaptsthebehaviorof
mobilepagesandcontrolsbasedonthetargetdevice.
deviceagent(n)~Anapplicationthatadesktopapplicationdeploysandexecutesona
smartdevice.Usually,adeviceagentcommunicatesorexchangesdatawiththedesktop
applicationthatdeployedit.
devicebar(n)~TheminimumrequirementsaLUNdevicehastomeetinordertobe
includedinMPIOtransfers.
DeviceBay(n)~Anindustryspecificationthatdefinesamechanismforaddingand
upgradingcomputerperipheraldeviceswithoutopeningthechassis.
devicecapability(n)~AdevicefunctionalityavailablethroughtheHasCapabilitymethod
orthe<Choice>element.
DeviceCenter(n)~AnapplicationdesignedformanagingMicrosoftWindowsMobile-®
devicesviaaWindowsVistaclientcomputer.Whenthemobiledeviceisconnectedtothe
computerbycable,cradle,infrared,orwirelessLAN,themobileuserusesWindows
MobileDeviceCentertocreateapartnershipbetweenthedesktopcomputerandthe
mobiledevicetoconfigurethedevice,managesettings,add&removeapplications,and
synchronizedata.Afterthepartnershipiscreated,themobileusercanmanagethedevice
usinganyoftheconnectionmechanisms.Whileconnected,themobileusercanalsouse
theWindowsVistaclientcomputerwithoutapartnershiptodosuchthingsasbrowsethe
deviceandconfiguresettingsforthedevice.
devicechannel(n)~Inasitecollection,agroupofsettingsthatisconfiguredtoinclude
certainmobiledevicesbasedondefinedcriteria,andthatcanbemappedtoaSharePoint
masterpagetooptimizeapublishingsiteforthosedevices.
DeviceChannels(PN)~ASharePointfeaturethatenablesasinglepublishingsitetobe
rendereddifferentlyfordifferentmobiledevicesinordertooptimizetheuserexperience.
deviceclaim(n)~Astatementthatadevicemakestoindicatethatitcanbetrustedto
accesssecureresources,suchafolderonafileshare.
deviceconflict(n)~Aconflictthatoccurswhenthesamesystemresourceshavebeen
allocatedtotwoormoredevices.Systemresourcesincludeinterruptrequest(IRQ)lines,
directmemoryaccess(DMA)channels,input/output(I/O)ports,andmemoryaddresses.
devicecontext(n)~Adatastructurethatdefinesthegraphicobjects,theirassociated
attributes,andthegraphicmodesthataffectoutputonadevice.
devicecoordinate(n)~Thecoordinateusedbythephysicaldevicebeingdrawnon,such
asascreenorsheetofpaper.
devicedefinition(n)~Thecharacteristicsofadeviceavailablethroughthe
MobileCapabilitiesclassandtheDeviceSpecificcontrol.
devicedriver(n)~Softwarethatenableshardwareorperipherals(suchasaprinter,
mouse,orkeyboard)toworkwithyourcomputerormobiledevice.
devicedriverinterface(n)~Asetoffunctionsthatareimplementedbytheoperating
systemforusebydrivers.
DeviceDriverWizard(PN)~Awizardthathelpsadriverdevelopergetthenewdriver
packagesupandgoingquicklyinVisualStudio.
deviceencryption(n)~Theuseofencryptiontoprotectlocaldevicedatafromoffline
hardwareattacks.
DeviceEncryption(PN)~Theout-of-the-boxencryptioncapabilitiesthat-are
automaticallyincluded-onPCsrunningWindowsRT.-
deviceexperience(n)~Thecombinationofdevice,devicedriver,devicemetadata,and
WindowsStoredeviceapp.
devicefamily(n)~?ThecombinationofAPIcontracts,userexperience,andsystem
characteristicsandbehaviorsthatadevelopercanexpectwhentargetinganapptoa
particulartypeofdevice.
devicefilter(n)~AsectionoftheWeb.configfilewhereyouspecifyvaluesforspecific
mobiledevices.Thesevaluesareusedtocreatedevice-specificcontent.
devicefont(n)~Afontresidinginorintendedforaprinter.Fontcartridgesareavailable
forlaserprintersthatallowyourprinterprintadditionalfonts.Printerfontsaredistinct
fromscreenfonts,whicharedesignedfordisplayingtextonacomputer
devicehandle(n)~ApieceofsoftwarecodeoranIDthatallowsauserto
programmaticallyaccessthemobiledevice.
DeviceHandling(perdevice)(PN)~Theunitofmeasureforhandlingofstoragedevices
intheframeworkoftheMicrosoftAzureImport/Exportservice.
deviceID(n)~AuniqueASCIIstringforthedevicecreatedbyenumeratorstoidentifya
hardwaredeviceandusedtocross-referencedataaboutthedevicestoredintheregistry.
Distinguisheseachlogicaldeviceandbusfromallothersonthesystem.
deviceindependentpixel(oth)~Aunitofmeasurethatequals1/96ofaninch.
deviceindependentunit(oth)~Aunitofmeasurethatequals1/96ofaninch.
devicelicense(n)~Asoftwarelicenseassignedtoaclientcomputer;itallowsany
authorizedpersonaccesstothesoftwarebyusingthatcomputer.
devicelock(n)~Afeaturethatprovidesenhancedprotectionfordatabylockingthe
deviceandrequiringuserauthenticationthroughapassword.
devicemanagement(n)~Theexchangeofrequestsandresponsesthatcontroland
configuretheoperationalstateofadevice.Devicemanagementrequirestheuseofa
CommunicationClassinterface.
devicemanagementpoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemthatcommunicates
withmobiledeviceclientsandthatmustbehostedonaConfigurationManager
managementpoint.
DeviceManager(n)~Anadministrativetoolthatyoucanusetomanagethedeviceson
yourcomputer.UsingDeviceManager,youcanviewandchangedeviceproperties,
updatedevicedrivers,configuredevicesettings,anduninstalldevices.
devicemetadatapackage(n)~A.cabfilethatcanonlyhaveonelocalesupportandthat
providesallthehardwaredisplaycomponentsinorderforyourdeviceinformationtobe
shownintheControlPanel.
DeviceMetadataRetrievalClient(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesaninterfacefor
acquiringrichmetadatainordertosupportshowingdevicedetailinformationinthe
DeviceCenterandtheDeviceStage.
devicename(n)~Auser-defineddescriptionofaparticulardevice.
devicepassword(n)~Apasscodethatauserentersonamobiledevicethatsupportsthe
ExchangeActiveSyncprotocol.Thedevicepasswordunlocksthedeviceandallows
accesstothedatastoredonthedevice.
devicePC(n)~AcomputerthatispartofaOneCarecirclebutisnotahubPCora
monitorPC.AdevicePChasnoprivilegestomonitorormakechangestoanyother
computerintheOneCarecircle.
deviceregistration(n)~Theprocessofverifyingauser’scredentialsandtheserver
certificate,aswellastoregisterinformationaboutthedeviceontheserver.
DeviceSecurityManager(PN)~AfeatureinVisualStudiothatallowsyoutoconfigure
devicesecurityandmanagecertificatesonWindowsMobile-baseddevices.
devicestack(n)~Achainofdeviceobjectsthatrepresentthedriversforadevice.Each
devicestackcontainsadeviceobjectforeachdriverthatispartofhandlinginput/output
(I/O)toaparticulardevice.Theparentbusdriverhasaphysicaldeviceobject(PDO),the
functiondriverhasafunctionaldeviceobject(FDO),andeachfilterdriverhasafilter
deviceobject(DO).
DeviceStage(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatprovidesarichenvironmentforconfiguring
andinteractingwithdevicesconnectedtoyourPCsuchasmobilephones,printersand
cameras.
DeviceSyncoptions(n)~Adialogforsynchronizingphotostoadevice.
devicetype(n)~Avaluefromadeveloper-definedlistthatspecifiesthetypesofdevices
thatagivenapplicationwillsupport.
devicetype(n)~Descriptorofthetypeofnetworkdeviceusedinatableviewofdevices.
Devices(PN)~Thelinktothewebsitewherecustomersaddcomputers(bothPCsand
Macs),mobilephones,anddigitalphotoframessotheycanaccesstheirsyncedfolders
andconnectremotelytotheirdevices.
Devices(PN)~Thecharmthatprovidesaccesstothedevicescommands.
Devices(PN)~TheunitofmeasureforstoragedevicesinAzure.
Devicescharm(n)~Auserinterfaceelementthatprovidesaccesstoexternaldeviceslike
mediaplayersorprinters.
device-specificmodule(n)~Astoragearraymanufacturer’smodulethatincorporates
knowledgeofthemanufacturer’shardwareandinteractswiththeMPIOdriver.TheDSM
playsacrucialroleindeviceinitializationandI/Orequesthandling,includingI/Orequest
errorhandling.
DFE(n)~Methodforcalculatingfolicacidintaketakingintoaccountthelower
availabilityofmixedfolatesinfoodcomparedwithsynthetictetrahydrofolateusedinfood
enrichmentandsupplements.
DFI(n)~Thebankorfinancialinstitutionthatthepaymentformatfileistransmittedtofor
processing.
DFS(n)~Aservicethatallowssystemadministratorstoorganizedistributednetwork
sharesintoalogicalnamespace,enablinguserstoaccessfileswithoutspecifyingtheir
physicallocationandprovidingloadsharingacrossnetworkshares.
DFSfolder(n)~InDistributedFileSystem(DFS),anobjectinanamespacethat
virtualizesmultiplesharedfolders(referredtoasfoldertargets),orinthecaseoffolders
withouttargets,addshierarchytothenamespace.
DFSnamespace(n)~InDistributedFileSystem(DFS),avirtualgroupingofshared
folderspotentiallylocatedondifferentserversthatappearstousersasasingleshared
folderwithaseriesofsubfolders.Theunderlyingstructureofthenamespacecanconsist
ofmultiplesharedfoldersthatarelocatedondifferentserversandinmultiplesites.
DFSReplication(PN)~Afeaturebasedonareplicationenginethatcanreplicatedata
betweenmultipleserversoverlimited-bandwidthnetworkconnections.
DFStopology(n)~TheoveralllogicalhierarchyoftheDistributedFileSystem(DFS),
includingelementssuchasroots,links,sharedfolders,andreplicasets,asdepictedinthe
DFSadministrativeconsole.ThisisnottobeconfusedwiththeDFSnamespace,whichis
thelogicalviewofsharedresourcesseenbyusers.
DFSS(PN)~Amethod,usedforschedulingthreads,thatdynamicallyscalesquotasbased
onloadinsteadofrequiringtheadministratortoexplicitlyspecifyquotas.Italsoaddsthe
flexibilityofaggregatingthreadquotasbasedonsessionsinsteadofjustusers.
DGN(n)~AformatusedbytheBentleyMicroStationCADprogramtostoredrawing
files.
DHCP(n)~ATCP/IPserviceprotocolthatoffersdynamicleasedconfigurationofhostIP
addressesanddistributesotherconfigurationparameterstoeligiblenetworkclients.DHCP
providessafe,reliable,andsimpleTCP/IPnetworkconfiguration,preventsaddress
conflicts,andhelpsconservetheuseofclientIPaddressesonthenetwork.
DHCPclient(n)~Anynetwork-enableddevicethatsupportstheabilitytocommunicate
withaDHCPserverforthepurposeofobtainingdynamicleasedIPconfigurationand
relatedoptionalparametersinformation.
DHCPEnforcement(n)~AtechnologycomprisedofaDHCPNAPEScomponentanda
DHCPNAPECcomponentandwhichallowsDHCPserverstoenforcesystemhealth
requirementsanytimeacomputerattemptstoleaseorrenewanIPaddressconfiguration
onthenetwork.
DHCPFailover(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsforconfigurationoftwoDHCPserversina
failoverrelationshipsothatcontinuousavailabilityofDHCPservicetoclientsisensured.
DHCPguard(n)~AfeaturethatprotectsagainstamaliciousVMrepresentingitselfasa
DynamicHostConfigurationProtocol(DHCP)serverforman-in-the-middleattacks.
DHCPManager(PN)~TheprimarytoolusedtomanageDHCPservers.TheDHCP
ManagerisaMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)toolthatisaddedtothe
AdministrativeToolsmenuwhentheDHCPserviceisinstalled.
DHCPNAPEC(n)~ANAPEnforcementClientforDHCP-basedIPv4address
configurationthatusesindustrystandardDHCPmessagestoexchangesystemhealth
messagesandlimitednetworkaccessinformation.
DHCPNAPenforcementclient(n)~ANAPEnforcementClientforDHCP-basedIPv4
addressconfigurationthatusesindustrystandardDHCPmessagestoexchangesystem
healthmessagesandlimitednetworkaccessinformation.
DHCPNAPenforcementserver(n)~ANAPEnforcementServerforDHCP-basedIP
addressconfigurationthatusesindustrystandardDHCPmessagestocommunicatewith
DHCPNAPECsonNAPclients.
DHCPNAPES(n)~ANAPEnforcementServerforDHCP-basedIPaddress
configurationthatusesindustrystandardDHCPmessagestocommunicatewithDHCP
NAPECsonNAPclients.
DHCPserver(n)~AcomputerrunningtheMicrosoftDHCPservicethatoffersdynamic
configurationofIPaddressesandrelatedinformationtoDHCP-enabledclients.
DHTML(n)~AnextensionofHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)thatadds
multimedia,databaseaccess,andanobjectmodelthatprogramscanusetochangestyles
andattributesofpageelements(objects)andtoreplaceexistingelements(objects)with
newones.
DIASDK(n)~AnSDKthatprovidesaccesstodebuginformationstoredinprogram
database(.pdb)filesgeneratedbyMicrosoftpost-compilertools.
diacritic(n)~Amarkplacedover,under,orthroughacharacter,usuallytoindicatea
changeinphoneticvaluefromtheunmarkedstate.
diacriticalmark(n)~Amarkplacedover,under,orthroughacharacter,usuallyto
indicateachangeinphoneticvaluefromtheunmarkedstate.
diagnosticcontent(n)~Thesetoffilesthatrepresentasetofdiagnosticsthattheenduser
willruntotroubleshootandresolveaproblem.
diagnosticdataadapter(n)~Anassemblythathasfunctionalitytoenableausertoeither
collectdiagnosticdatatounderstandwhatishappeningonasystemwhenatestis
running,orperformactionsonthesystemwhileatestisrunning.
diagnosticevent(n)~Anyeventthathappensduringarunofyourapplicationthatcanbe
recordedbyIntelliTrace.
DiagnosticExecutionWizard(PN)~Awizardthatprovidesaguidefortheenduserto
troubleshootandresolveaproblem.
diagnosticmanager(n)~Theprocess(agent)thatrunsonaroleinstanceandprovides
remoteaccesstoconfigurethediagnosticmonitoralsorunningontheroleinstance.
diagnosticmonitor(n)~Theprocess(agent)runningonaroleinstancethatcollectslog
datafortroubleshootingacloudservicedeployment.
diagnosticpackage(n)~Thesetoffilesthatrepresentasetofdiagnosticsthattheend
userwillruntotroubleshootandresolveaproblem.
DiagnosticPolicyService(n)~AserviceinWindowsthatimprovereliabilityby
detectingimpendingfailuresandtakingactiontohandlethembyeitherinitiating
automaticcorrectiveactionorloggingtheappropriatediagnosticinformationforlaterroot
causeanalysis,and/ornotifyingtheuserofanimpendingfailure.
diagnosticprovider(n)~Acomponentthatmonitorsandcollectsstatisticsabouta
system.Thosestatisticscanbecomparedtoasetofthresholdstoassesssystem
performance,identifyandresolveproblems,andperformotherdiagnosticand
administrativetasks.
DiagnosticServiceHost(n)~AservicethathoststheWDI(WindowsDiagnostic
Infrastructure)componentsthatneedtoruninLocalServicecontextandenablesproblem
detection,troubleshootingandresolutionforWindowscomponents.
DiagnosticSystemHost(n)~AservicethathoststheWDI(WindowsDiagnostic
Infrastructure)componentsthatneedtoruninLocalSystemcontextandenablesproblem
detection,troubleshootingandresolutionforWindowscomponents.
Diagnostics(n)~AfeatureofWindowsthatchecksforproblemsassociatedwithnetwork
connections.
diagram(n)~Aperformancemanagementtoolforvisuallypresentinganorganization’s
ororganizationalunit’sobjectivesandgoals,theirgroupingsofobjectivesandgoals,and
theirmappingsofobjectivesandgoalstothemes,initiatives,KPIs,targets,business
processes,andactionplans.Eachiteminthevisualizationcontainsasetofmetadata,
whichitselfiscustomizable.
diagramdesigner(n)~Avisualdesignsurfacethatisusedtocreatediagrams,for
example,logicaldatacenterdiagrams,classdiagrams,andsoon.
diagrameffectoption(n)~Ananimationenhancementthatletsyouapplyeffectstoa
diagrampiecebypiece;forexample,fromtoptobottomofapyramiddiagram.
diagrammingfeature(n)~Afeaturethatenablescustomerstobuilddiagrams.
dial(v)~Toenternumbersonatelephoneormobiledeviceinordertomakeaphonecall.
dial(n)~Acircularcontrolwithoneormoreslidersthatausermovestochangevalues.
DialbyName(n)~Afeaturethatenablesacallertoenteraperson’snameusingthekeys
onatelephone.
dialinmanually(v)~Dialintotheaudioconferencingproviderfromyourphysical
telephonewhentheaudioconferencingproviderservicecannotcallyou.
diallocation(n)~Thecountrycode,areacode,andspecificdialingrequirementsforthe
placeyouaredialingfrom.Onceyouhavecreatedadiallocation,youcanselectitto
applythedialingrequirementstoallyourcalls.Tochangedialinglocations,selector
createadifferentone.
DialPad(n)~AbuttononPhoneControlsthatopensanumerickeypadwhereyoucan
clickkeystoenterinformationoverthephone.
dialpad(n)~Anumerickeypadthatispartofadevice,isdisplayedonadevice,orisina
computerprogramthatyouusetoenterinformationinthecontextofaphonecall.
dialplan(n)~Agroupingoftelephonyuserswithsomespecificproperties,suchas
uniquetelephoneextensionnumbers,thatallowthePrivateBrancheXchange(PBX)to
determinewhatactiontotakewithdialeddigits.
dialtone(n)~Asoundemittedbythereceiverofatelephonethatindicatesthatanumber
canbedialed.
dialect(n)~Thesyntaxandgeneralrulesusedtoparseastringoraquerystatement.
dialednumberidentificationservice(n)~Aservicethatprovidesastringofdigitsthat
thetelephonenetworkpassestotheACDtoindicatethenumberthatthecallerdialed.
dialer(n)~Aformoftrojanthatcausessystemsequippedwithmodemstodialphone
numberswithouttheconsentoftheuser.Inmostcases,thephonenumbersdialedare
premiumratenumberswhichresultinunexpectedchargesontheaffecteduser’sphone
bill.
dialer(n)~Anelectronicdeviceattachedtoatelephonetocallpreselectednumbers
automaticallywhenactivated.
dialer(n)~Anapptomakeaphonecall.
dial-inconferencing(n)~Afeaturethatmergespublicswitchedtelephonenetwork
(PSTN)andVoiceoverIP(VoIP)conferences,whichallowsparticipantstodialintoa
conferencefromanywhereasanauthenticateduserwithouthavingtobeonthecorporate
network.Typically,alocalnumberisprovidedtoavoidlong-distancefees.
dial-inpermission(n)~Permissiontoaccessanetworkremotely.
Dialing(PN)~Astatusnotificationthatthedeviceisintheprocessofdialingaphone
number.
dialingcommand(n)~Acommandyoutellyourmodemtodialtoperformcertain
actions.Forexample,ATX3Dwillswitchthemodemfromvoicetodata,ATHwillhang
upthephone,etc.
dialingkeys(n)~AsetofcharactersthatLiveMeetingusestosimulatepausesor
telephonekeystrokessothatitcanautomaticallydialanaudioconferencingpartnerand
connecttoameeting.Forexample,acommarepresentsapause.
dialingrules(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertodefineasetofrulesthatareused
repeatedlywhendialingfromaspecificplace.
DialKeys(n)~Asoftwarekeyboardapplicationthatenablesuserstointeractwiththeir
touch-enabledcomputerwhenahardwarekeyboardisnotattached.
DialKeysstyle(n)~Anappearanceandlayoutthatcanbeselectedbytheuserandapplied
totheDialKeyskeyboard.
dialog(n)~Incomputing,theexchangeofhumaninputandmachineresponsesthatforms
aconversation’betweenaninteractivecomputerandthepersonusingit.’
dialog(n)~Atypeofprocessthatdisplaystheinputformsandthedatathatauserneeds
ateachstepwhileinteractingwithacustomerorfollowingaprocessthatrequiresuser
input.
dialogbar(n)~AcontrolbarthatcontainsstandardWindowscontrols.Adialogbarhas
dialog-boxcharacteristicsinthatitcontainscontrolsandsupportstabbingbetweenthem,
anditusesadialogtemplatetorepresentthebar.Dialogbarscanbealignedtothetop,
bottom,left,orrightsideofaframewindow.
dialogbox(n)~Asecondarywindowthatallowsuserstoperformacommand,asksusers
aquestion,orprovidesuserswithinformationorprogressfeedback.
DialogBoxLauncher(n)~AspecificOfficeiconthatisusedwithinagrouptolauncha
relateddialogbox.
dialogsheet(n)~AworkspaceforcreatingForms—orDialogwindows—thatserveas
VBA-drivenUserInterfacetools.Thecontrolsthatcanbeaddedtothemfacilitate,
restrict,orfocusdataentryand,ifproperlyused,ensurethatentereddatagoestotheright
places.
dialogunit(n)~Adevice-independentmeasuretouseforlayout.Onehorizontalunitis
equaltoone-fourthoftheaveragecharacterwidthforthecurrentsystemfont.Onevertical
unitisequaltoone-eighthofanaveragecharacterheightforthecurrentsystemfont.
dial-outconferencing(n)~AfeaturewherebytheA/VConferencingServercallstheuser,
andtheuseranswersthephonetojointheconference.
Dialup~Anearlykindofinternetconnection,usingaphonelineandamodem.Much
slowerthanbroadband,ithastomakeaphonecalltotheserverandestablishaconnection
beforeyoucanuseit.
dial-up~Thisisatelephonelinethatisconnectedtoaserver.Whenitiscalled,tonesare
exchangedbetweentheserverandthedevisecallinginordertoattach.
dial-upconnection(n)~AconnectiontoothercomputersortotheInternetusingadevice
thatusesthetelephonenetwork.
Dial-UpNetworking(n)~AWindowsCE-basedapplicationthatenablesremoteusersto
connecttoanetwork.
dial-upnetworking(n)~ConnectingtoothercomputersortotheInternetbyusinga
modemandatelephoneline.
diamond-shaperelationship(n)~Achainofattributerelationshipsthatsplitsandrejoins
butthatcontainsnoredundantrelationships.Forexample,Day->Month->YearandDay-
>Quarter->Yearhavethesamestartandendpoints,butdonothaveanycommon
relationships.
DIBsequence(n)~InDirectShowEditingServices,aseriesofdevice-independent
bitmap(DIB)filesrenderedinasequenceasvideoframes.
DICOM(n)~Anon-proprietarydatainterchangeprotocol,digitalimageformat,andfile
structurestandardforbiomedicalimages.
DICT~dictionarynetworkprotocolcreatedbythe-DICTDevelopmentGroup
dictationmode(n)~Aspeechmodethatconvertsyourdictatedwordsintotypedtext,and
theninsertsthetextintoaprogram.
dictationtime(n)~Thequotaofwordstheusercandictatetothephoneinaperiodof24
hours.
dictionary(n)~Acollectionofproperties.
dictionary(n)~Asetofwordsthatarecognizerusestodeterminematchesandalternates.
dictionary(n)~Acollectionofkeysorkeyandvaluepairsthatisusedforcontentor
queryprocessinginsearch.
dictionaryattack(n)~Amethodofguessingauser’spasswordorPINbytryingevery
wordinthedictionaryuntilsuccessful.
Dictionaryproperty(n)~ApropertywhosevaluecanbesettotheUniformResource
Identifier(URI)ofthedictionary,anerrormessage,oranemptystringifnodictionary
URIisfound.
DidYouMeanfeature(PN)~Amodulethatsuggestsalternatewordsinresponsetoa
usersearch.Suggestedwordsreflectspellingcorrectionsoralternateformsofawordthat
aremorelikelytoreturnresults.
dieresis(n)~Thesign-¨‘markingadivisionofonesyllableintotwo
DietTracker(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertotrackeatingpatternstomake
healthierfoodchoicesandidentifyfoodhabits.
dietaryfolateequivalents(n)~Methodforcalculatingfolicacidintaketakinginto
accounttheloweravailabilityofmixedfolatesinfoodcomparedwithsynthetic
tetrahydrofolateusedinfoodenrichmentandsupplements.
dietaryintake(n)~Asetofguidelinesforthedailyintakeofvitamins,protein,fatsand
fiberthatincluderecommendeddailyallowances.
differenceadditive(n)~Atypeofconcentrationadjustmentmethodwhichmeanssimply
consumingmoreorlessofamaterialbasedonitsconcentration.
differencingchain(n)~Alinkedsetofdifferencingdrives,inwhichadifferencingdrive
canhaveanotherdifferencingdriveasaparent.
differencingvirtualharddisk(n)~Avirtualharddiskthatstoresthechangesor
differences’toanassociatedparentvirtualharddiskforthepurposeofkeepingtheparent
intact.Thedifferencingdiskisaseparate.vhdfilethatisassociatedwiththe.vhdfileof
theparentdisk.Changescontinuetoaccumulateinthedifferencingdiskuntilitismerged
totheparentdisk.’
differentialbackup(n)~Abackupcontainingonlychangesmadetothedatabasesince
theprecedingdatabackuponwhichthedifferentialbackupisbased.
differentialbase(n)~Themostrecentfullbackupofallthedatainadatabaseorina
subsetofthefilesorfilegroupsofadatabase.
DifferentiatedServicesCodePoint(n)~Amarkingintheregistrythatenablespackets
thatpassthroughnetworkdevicesthatoperateonLayer3information(suchasrouters)to
havetheirrelativeprioritiesdifferentiatedfromoneanother.
differentiatingfactor(n)~Thepartofascenariothatdeterminesitsuniquenessfrom
otherscenarios.
diffusematerial(n)~Atypeofmaterialthatdeterminesthecolorofthe3Dobjectwith
directlight(whitelight)appliedtoitmuchlikethepaintonawall.
diffuser(n)~AlayerintheSurfacetabletopthatenablesimagestobedisplayedonthe
Surfacescreen.ThediffuserisalsothesurfacewheretheVisionSystemtrackscontactson
theSurfacescreen.
diffusion(n)~Thepropertyofacryptographicalgorithmthatensuresthatachangeina
fewinputbitsleadstopotentialchangesinmanyoftheoutputbits.
digdeeper(oth)~Acontentdescriptorthatintroducesrelatedandadvancedtopicsin
VisualStudiodocumentation.
DigestAccessprotocol(n)~Alightweightauthenticationprotocolforpartiesinvolvedin
communicationsthatarebasedonHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)orSimple
AuthenticationandSecurityLayer(SASL).
Digestauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationmethodthatpromptstheuserforauser
nameandapassword,alsocalledcredentials,whicharehashedwithotherdatabefore
beingtransmittedoverthenetwork.Digestauthenticationisavailableonlyondomains
thathavedomaincontrollersthatarerunningMicrosoftWindowsServeroperating
systems.
digestdelivery(n)~Amethodofsendingnotificationsthatcombinesmultiple
notificationswithinabatchandsendstheresultingmessagetoasubscriber.
DigiD(oth)~AstandardsecuritycodeissuedbytheNetherlandsgovernmentto
businessesandprivatecitizensforinteractingelectronicallywiththegovernment(for
submittingtaxreturnsorotherdocumentselectronically,requestinginformation,checking
onstatus,etc.).
DigiD-token(n)~ThetokenthatDigiDprovideswhenarequestforauthenticationis
submitted.
digit(n)~Oneofthecharactersusedtoindicateawholenumber(unit)inanumbering
system.Inanynumberingsystem,thenumberofpossibledigitsisequaltothebase,or
radix,used.Forexample,thedecimal(base-10)systemhas10digits,0through9;the
binary(base-2)systemhas2digits,0and1;andthehexadecimal(base-16)systemhas16
digits,0through9andAthroughF.
digital(adj)~Incomputing,acharacteristicofdatathatisrepresentedasbinarydigits
(zerosandones).
Digital~Literally‘todowithnumbers’.Oftenusedtodescribeadeviceusingcomputer
technologytoreplaceolder,traditionaltechnologies.Forexample,adigitalcameraisone
thatstoresimageselectronicallyratherthanonchemicalfilm.
digitalaudioreceiver(n)~Adevicethatreceivesdigitalaudiowirelesslyfromyour
computerandbroadcastsittoTVsetsorstereosaroundyourhome.
digitalaudiorenderer(n)~Adevicethatreceivesdigitalaudiowirelesslyfromyour
computerandbroadcastsittoTVsetsorstereosaroundyourhome.
digitalaudiotape(n)~Amagnetic-tapestoragemediumforrecordingdigitallyencoded
audioinformation.Inadditiontothetapecassette,DATindentifiesatypeofdigitaltape
recorderandplayer.
digitalbroadcasting(n)~Thetransmissionofdigitalmediafromonepointtomany
pointsoverdiversedigitalnetworks.
DigitalCableReady(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofaHighDefinition
Television(HDTV)thatconformstotheplug-and-playdigitalcableTVstandard;thus,
removingtheneedforaseparateset-topbox.
digitalcertificate(n)~Adigitaldocumentthatiscommonlyusedforauthenticationand
tohelpsecureinformationonanetwork.Acertificatebindsapublickeytoanentitythat
holdsthecorrespondingprivatekey.Certificatesaredigitallysignedbythecertification
authoritythatissuesthem,andtheycanbeissuedforauser,acomputer,oraservice.
DigitalDashboard(PN)~AMicrosoftframeworkthatUserPortalusesasitsfoundation.
digitaldownloadcode(n)~Theappasacard’capabilitythatretailerspurchasefrom
Microsoftandselltoconsumers.’
digitalenvelope(n)~Privatemessagesencryptedusingtherecipient’spublickey.
Envelopedmessagescanonlybedecryptedbyusingtherecipient’sprivatekey,allowing
onlytherecipienttounderstandthemessage.
digitalfingerprint(n)~Along,random-lookingstringoflettersandnumbers(with
punctuationmarksforreadability)thatisusedtoauthenticatethereal-worldidentitiesof
Groovecontactsyouseeinworkspacesandcontactlists.
DigitalID(n)~Acombinationofadigitalcertificateandapublicandprivateencryption
keyset.
digitalimage(n)~Apictorialgraphicsuchasadigitalphotographorillustration.
DigitalImagingandCommunicationsinMedicine(n)~Anon-proprietarydata
interchangeprotocol,digitalimageformat,andfilestructurestandardforbiomedical
images.
digitalink(n)~Thewritingordrawingstrokesthatyoumakewithyourstylus.
digitallicense(n)~ApackageofsignedXMLfileswhichSoftwareLicensingServices
(SLS)recognizesandusestoactivatetheproduct.
DigitalLivingNetworkAlliance(PN)~Anallianceofleadingcompaniesinthe
consumerelectronics,mobileandpersonalcomputerindustriesfocusedondeliveringan
interoperabilityframeworkofdesignguidelinesbasedonopenindustrystandardsto
completethecross-industrydigitalconvergence.Microsoftisamemberofthisalliance.
DigitalLocker(PN)~AMicrosoftweb-basedservicethatprovidescustomizedaccounts
touserssothattheycanselect,purchase,download,andupdatesoftwareapplicableto
MicrosoftWindowsfrommultipleretailers.
digitalphoto(n)~Animagethathasbeencapturedelectronicallywithadigitalcameraor
scanner.
digitalrightsmanagement(n)~Anytechnologyusedtoprotecttheinterestsofownersof
digitalcontentandservices(suchascopyrightowners).Typically,authorizedrecipientsor
usersmustacquirealicenseinordertousethecontent.
digitalrightsmanagementcomponent(n)~Thecomponentofaplayerthathandlesall
functionsofdigitalrightsmanagement,suchasdecryptingpackagedfilesorinitiating
licenseacquisition.
DigitalRoam(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertousethedeviceoutsidetheusual
serviceareaorwhentravelingoutsideofthehome’serviceareadefinedbyaservice
provider.Roamingservicecanbedigitaloranalog.’
digitalsignature(n)~Datathatbindsasender’sidentitytotheinformationbeingsent.A
digitalsignaturemaybebundledwithanymessage,file,orotherdigitallyencoded
information,ortransmittedseparately.Digitalsignaturesareusedinpublickey
environmentsandprovideauthenticationandintegrityservices.
DigitalSignatureAlgorithm(n)~TheU.S.governmentstandardfordigitalsignatures,as
specifiedbytheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,inFIPS186,Digital
SignatureStandard.DSAisbasedonsignatureencryptionbasedonapublicandaprivate
key.
DigitalSubscriberLine(n)~Atypeofhigh-speedInternetconnectionusingstandard
telephonewires.
digitalvideo(n)~Videoimagesandsoundstoredinadigitalformat.
DigitalVideoBroadcasting(PN)~Asetofstandardsthatdefinetheuseofsatellite,
cable,andterrestrialframeworksalreadyinplacetoenabledigitalbroadcasting.
digitalvideodisk(n)~Aformofstoragecharacterizedbyhighcapacity(roughly650
MB)andtheuseoflaseropticsratherthanmagneticmeansforreadingdata.Opticaldisk
storagecommonlyusedforaudio,video,andcomputerdata.DVDsrangeincapacityfrom
4.7GBto17GB,andcanstoresignificantlymorethanaCD-ROM.
digitalvideorecorder(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatrecordsbroadcasttelevision
programminginadigitalformat.ADVRoftensavesvideotoabuffer,whichenables
viewerstopausealivebroadcastorreplayvideofromthebuffer.
DigitaleIdentiteit(oth)~AstandardsecuritycodeissuedbytheNetherlandsgovernment
tobusinessesandprivatecitizensforinteractingelectronicallywiththegovernment(for
submittingtaxreturnsorotherdocumentselectronically,requestinginformation,checking
onstatus,etc.).
digitallysigned(adj)~Havingadigitalsignature.
digitizer(n)~Ahigh-resolutionhardwaredevicethatrecognizesinputfromapenor
fingers.
digitizingtablet(n)~Adeviceusedtoinputgraphicspositioninformationinengineering,
design,andillustrationapplications.Aflatrectangularplasticboardisequippedwitha
puckorapen(alsocalledastylus)andsensingelectronicsthatreportthepositionofthe
puckorstylustothecomputer,whichtranslatesthatdataintoacursorpositiononthe
screen.
DIGRAMFORHEAVENLYEARTH(n)~TheUnicodecharacterU+1D301,which
representsaTaiXuanJingsymbol.
Dijkstra~Algorithmsometimesusedtocalculateroutesgivenlinkandnodalstate
topologydatabase.
dim(v)~Tocausetextoranimagetovisuallyfade.
dimension(n)~Astructuralattributeofacubethatorganizesdataintolevels.For
example,aGeographydimensionmightincludethemembersCountry,Region,Stateor
Province,andCity.
dimension(n)~Aclassifierthatcharacterizesthemagnitudeorextentofaquantifiable
propertyofanobjectoractivity.
Dimension(n)~ArepresentationofParaturefieldresponsedatathatisusedinPremium
Reports.
dimensionassociation(n)~Arelationshipbetweensourcemodeldimensionsand
destinationmodeldimensions.Oneormoreofthesecanexistforeachmodelassociation.
dimensionderivationrule(n)~Aruletodeterminealedgerdimensionforclassifyingthe
financialconsequencesofanaccountingevent.
dimensionexpression(n)~AvalidMultidimensionalExpressions(MDX)expressionthat
returnsadimension.
dimensionfilter(n)~Inacolumndefinition,thelistofdimensionsthatlimitthedatathat
isdisplayedforareport.
dimensiongranularity(n)~Thelowestlevelavailabletoaparticulardimensionin
relationtoaparticularmeasuregroup.Thenatural’orphysicalgrainisalwaysthatofthe
keythatjoinsthemaindimensiontabletotheprimaryfacttable.’
dimensionhierarchy(n)~Alogicaltreestructurethatorganizesthemembersofa
dimensionsuchthateachmemberhasoneparentmemberandzeroormorechild
members.
dimensionlevel(n)~Thenameofasetofmembersinadimensionhierarchysuchthatall
membersofthesetareatthesamedistancefromtherootofthehierarchy.Forexample,a
timehierarchymaycontainthelevelsYear,Month,andDay.
dimensionmember(n)~Asinglepositionoriteminadimension.Dimensionmembers
canbeuser-definedorpredefinedandcanhavepropertiesassociatedwiththem.
dimensionmemberproperty(n)~Acharacteristicofadimensionmember.Dimension
memberpropertiescanbealphanumeric,Boolean,orDate/Timedatatypes,andcanbe
user-definedorpredefined.
dimensionset(n)~Anamedgroupofaccountsordimensionsthatcontainseitheraccount
valuesfortheaccountordimensionvaluesforasingledimension.
dimensiontable(n)~Atableinadatawarehousewhoseentriesdescribedatainafact
table.
dimensionvalue(n)~Auniqueidentifierforagivendimension.Thelengthofa
dimensionvalueisvariable.Thevaluesforagivendimensioncanhavedifferentnumbers
ofcharacters.Forexample,adivisiondimensionmighthavevaluesSanFranciscoand
Denver.
dimensionvalueset(n)~Anamedgroupofdimensionvalues.
dimensional(adj)~Pertainingtodatathatisdistributedororganizedontwoormoreaxes.
dimensionality(n)~OLAPdatacubeaxes.Forinstance,iftheOLAPdatashows
transitionbytimesequence,thedatahasadimensionalityoftime.
Dimension-basedconfiguration(n)~Aconfigurationtechnologyusedtocreateproduct
variantsbyselectingvaluesforproductdimensions.
dimensionlessmeasurement(n)~Ameasurementwhosedimensionisoneandwhose
unitofmeasureiseitheradimensionlessunitofmeasureortheunitone.
Dimensionsworkspace(n)~InPerformancePointPlanningBusinessModeler,auser
interfaceareathatdisplaysasummaryofaspecificdimension.
DIMM(n)~AtypeofmemoryboardcomprisedofRAMchipsmountedonacircuit
boardwitha64-bitdatapathandpinsoneachsidethatareondifferentcircuitsandthat
respondtodifferentsignals.
DIMM~(DualIn-lineMemoryModule;pr.‘dim’)Amoduleof-RAM(memory)fora
PC,replacingtheolder-SIMM-specification.
dimmed(adj)~Pertainingtothestateofacontrolinwhichnormalfunctionalityisnot
availabletoauser.
DIP(oth)~Aunitofmeasurethatequals1/96ofaninch.
diphtheriaandtetanustoxoidsvaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainst
diphtheriaandtetanus.
diphtheria,tetanustoxoidsandaccellularpertussisvaccine(n)~Avaccinefor
immunizationagainstdiphtheria,tetanus,andpertussis(alsoknownaswhoopingcough).
Thetermacellularmeansthatthepertussiscomponentiscell-free,whichimprovessafety
byreducingtheincidenceofsideeffects.
diphtheria,tetanustoxoidsandpertussisvaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunization
againstdiphtheria,tetanus,andpertussis(alsoknownaswhoopingcough).
directaccess(n)~AwayofaccessingpropertiesandmethodssuppliedbyWMIina
scriptasiftheywereautomationpropertiesandmethodsofanobjectinstance.
directaccess(n)~Theabilityofacomputertofindandgodirectlytoaparticularstorage
locationwithouthavingtosearchsequentiallyfromthebeginninglocation.Thehuman
equivalentofrandomaccesswouldbetheabilitytofindadesiredaddressinanaddress
bookwithouthavingtoproceedsequentiallythroughalltheaddresses.Acomputer’s
semiconductormemory(bothRAMandROM)providesrandomaccess.Certaintypesof
filesstoredondiskundersomeoperatingsystemsalsoallowrandomaccess.Suchfilesare
bestusedfordatainwhicheachrecordhasnointrinsicrelationshiptowhatcomes
physicallybeforeorafterit,asinaclientlistoraninventory.
directaccessstoragedevice(n)~Adatastoragedevicebywhichinformationcanbe
accesseddirectly,insteadofbypassingsequentiallythroughallstorageareas.For
example,adiskdriveisaDASD,butatapeunitisnot,because,withatapeunit,thedata
isstoredasalinearsequence.
directcableconnection(n)~Alinkbetweentheinput/output(I/O)portsoftwo
computerscreatedwithasinglecableratherthanamodemorotherinterfacingdevices.In
mostcases,adirectcableconnectionismadewithanullmodemcable.
directcompensation(n)~Thefixedandvariablecompensationawardedtoanemployee
inexchangeforservicesrendered.
directconnect(n)~Thestateofbeingconnectedtoaback-enddatabase,sothatany
changesyoumaketoadatabasediagramautomaticallyupdateyourdatabasewhenyou
savethediagramorselecteditemsinit.
directcost(n)~Acostthatcanbedirectlyallocatedtoacostobject,suchasamaterial
purchaseforaspecificproduct.
directdebit(n)~Apaymentinstrumentforthedebitingofapayer’spaymentaccount
wherebyapaymenttransactionisinitiatedbythepayeeonthebasisofauthorizationgiven
bythepayer.
directdelivery(n)~Thedeliveryofgoodsdirectlyfromthevendortothecustomer.
DirectDialnumber(n)~AphonenumberallocatedfortheSkypeuser,allowingtheuser
tocallpre-configuredlandlinesormobilephones.AtypeofSkypeToGonumber.
directe-mail(n)~Thedistributionofmarketingmaterialsine-mailoveranintranetorthe
Internet,usuallytoalargenumberofrecipients.Thee-mailgoesdirectlyfromthe
organizationtoeachrecipientindividually,givingtheappearanceofthecommunication
beingsentpersonally.
directeventhandling(n)~Aneventhandlingstrategythatdoesnotinvolverouting.
DirectFormattingGuides(PN)~Afeaturewhich,whenactivated,highlightstheareasof
textwherestyles,suchasboldoritalic,havebeenmanuallyapplied.
directhosting(n)~ForMicrosoftnetworking,thesendingoffileandprintsharingtraffic
usingtheServerMessageBlock(SMB)protocol(alsoknownastheCommonInternetFile
System(CIFS)protocol)withouttheuseofnetworkbasicinput/outputsystem(NetBIOS).
DirecthostingfortheMicrosoftredirector(theWorkstationservice)andfileserver(the
Serverservice)issupportedoverbothTCP/IPandInternetworkPacketExchange(IPX).
Althoughdirecthostingmaybemoreefficient,adirecthostingclientcanconnectonlyto
adirecthostingserver.
directmail(n)~Amailmessagethatistargetedtowardspecificusersthatmeetthe
specificrequirementsofamarketingcampaign.
directmailcampaign(n)~Amarketingcampaigntodistributee-mailmessageadstoa
targetedgroupofusers.Theobjectiveistoachieveahighresponseratefromthemailings.
DirectMailer(n)~ACommerceServerglobalresourcethatsendspersonalizede-mail
messagesfromaWebpage,ornon-personalizedmailingsfromaflattextfile,tolarge
groupsofrecipients.Itprocesseslistsofrecipients,constructspersonalizedmessage
bodiesfromeitherWebpagesorstaticfiles,andsendsthemailmessagetotherecipients.
UseCommerceServerManagertoconfigureandmanageDirectMailer,andtospecifythe
databaseconnectionstringtotheDirectMailerdatabase.
DirectMailerdatabase(n)~ASQLServerdatabasethatcontainse-mailmessagebodies,
eventdata,andjobdata.CommerceServerSetupinstallstheDirectMailerdatabase
CommerceServerDirectMailerisinstalled.Thedatabaseisinstalledonthesame
computerasDirectMailer.UseCommerceServerManagertospecifytheconnection
stringfromDirectMailertotheDirectMailerdatabase.
DirectMailerjobfile(n)~AtextfilethatspecifiesinformationabouttheDirectMailer
jobsuchaswhetheritdeliverspersonalizedmessagebodies,theformatofmailmessage
headers,andthelocationofthelistofrecipients.ADirectMailerjobfileisusedonlyfor
thestand-alonemodeofDirectMailer.
DirectMailerPipeline(n)~Theinfrastructurethatprocessesalistofdirectmail
recipients.Itlinksstagesandpipelinecomponents.
directmembershiprule(n)~Acollectionmembershiprulethattargetsanindividual
resource,suchasauser,usergroup,oranSMS/ConfigurationManagerclient.Thisallows
youtogatheradiversegroupofresources.
directmemoryaccess(n)~Atechnologythatallowscertaindevices,suchasharddisks
andCDorDVDdrives,totransferinformationdirectlythroughthecomputer’smemory
withoutusingthecomputer’sprocessor.DMAimprovestheperformanceofthedeviceand
freesthecomputer’sprocessorsoitcanperformothertasks.
directmessage(n)~Amessagesentthroughasocialnetworkbetweentwousers,where
onlytheinvolvedusersareallowedtoreadthemessage.
directmethod(n)~Amethodofderivingthenetincomeprovidedbyoperatingactivities
fromthecomponentsofoperatingcashreceiptsandpayments,insteadofadjustingthenet
incomeforitems.
directprice(n)~Apricethatisassociatedwithaspecificproductinacatalogratherthan
withapricingcategory.
DirectPush(n)~Atechnologythatensuresthatamobiledeviceautomaticallyretrieves
newe-mailfromtheMicrosoftExchangeserver.DirectPushusesalongstandingHTTPS
connectionthatismaintainedbythemobiledevicetopushnewe-mailmessages,
Calendar,Contacts,andTasksnotificationsfromtheservertothedevice.
directreport(n)~Anemployeewhointheorganizationalhierarchyisimmediatelybelow
themanagerinquestionandwhocaneitherbeamanageroranindividualcontributor.
directresponsemode(n)~ThedefaultmodeinwhichSQLServerstatisticsaregathered
separatelyfromtheSQLServerStatisticsdisplay.
directrouting(n)~Aneventroutingstrategywheretheeventinstancedoesnotmovein
thetreeandbehaveslikeastandardcommonlanguageruntimeevent.
DirectSelection(PN)~Atoolthatletsyouselectandmanipulateanindividualanchor
pointorsegmentonavectorpath.
directsynchronization(n)~Amethodusedtosynchronizedatabetweenreplicasthatare
connecteddirectlytothelocalareanetworkandareavailablethroughsharednetwork
folders.
Direct3D(PN)~Avirtualizedrepresentationofdedicatedgraphicshardwareresources.
Direct3Dprovidesastandardizedimplementationofthecommongraphicsprocessing
pipeline.
DirectAccess(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatprovidesadirectconnectiontoacorporate
networkforpeopleworkingoutsideoftheoffice.ItisasuperioralternativetoVPN.
DirectComposition(PN)~AWindowsAPIthatenablesuserexperiencesthataresmooth
andfluidandallowdeveloperstocomposecontentfrommultiplerenderinglibrariestothe
sametop-levelwindow,removingthedependencyonaspecificrenderingoruserinterface
frameworktocreateageneralsolutionthatcansatisfyabroadrangeofscenarios.(This
APIisnotforWindowsStoreappdevelopment.)
DirectDraw(PN)~Softwarethathelpsdisplaytwo-dimensionalvisualeffectsona
computermonitor.Computergames,2-Dgraphicspackages,andWindowssystem
components(suchasdigitalvideocodecs)alluseDirectDraw.
directeddiscovery(n)~Thediscoveryofresourcesordevicesonanetworkbeyondthe
localsubnet.
DirectedtoOlderChildren-FantasyViolence(oth)~ATVratingssystemusedbyTV
networksintheUnitedStatestoindicatetoviewersthataparticularshowisdesignedfor
childrenage7andolder,butmayincludemoreintensefantasyviolence.
DirectInput(n)~Softwarethatmakesitpossibleforgamecontroldevices,suchas
joysticksandgamepads,toworkwithyourcomputer.
direction(n)~Theorientationofanasymmetricalassociation.Directionisspecifiedwith
FromRoleandToRoleattributesofaNavigationPropertyorReferentialConstraintelement
inaschema.
directioncode(n)~Avalueinafaxorphoneactivitythatindicatesthedirectionofthe
message.Typicallythevaluesareincomingoroutgoing.
directionallight(n)~Alightsourcethatisattachedtoaframebutappearstoilluminate
allobjectswithequalintensity,asifitwereataninfinitedistancefromtheobjects.
Directionallighthasorientationbutnoposition,anditiscommonlyusedtosimulate
distantlightsources,suchasthesun.
directionalmap(n)~Amapcreatedwithtransportationandmasstransitshapes,suchas
highways,parkways,intersections,roadandstreetsigns,routes,railroadtracks,transit
terminals,rivers,andbuildings.
directionalpad(n)~TheActionbuttonandassociatedDirectionkeysthatallowtheuser
tomoveup,down,right,left,andcentertoperformanaction.
directions(n)~IntheMapsapplication,instructionsforhowtogetfromonelocationto
another,eitherdrivingorwalking.
directive(n)~Aninstructioninatexttemplatethattellstheengineandthehosthowto
processthetemplate.
directiveprologue(n)~AJavaScriptsyntacticunitthatdefinesthemodeforthecode
blocktowhichitapplies.
Director(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerthatauthenticatesremoteusersand
inboundtrafficfromfederatedpartnersandthatroutestraffictotheappropriateEnterprise
Editionpoolforfurtherprocessing.
directory(n)~Aninformationsourcethatcontainsdataaboutusers,computerfiles,or
otherobjects.Inafilesystem,adirectorystoresinformationaboutfiles.Inadistributed
computingenvironment(suchasaWindowsdomain),thedirectorystoresinformation
aboutobjectssuchasprinters,faxservers,applications,databases,andusers.
directory(n)~AcatalogueofallSkypeusers.
Directory~Anareaonadiskforstoringfiles,particularlyin-DOS.Usuallycalled
a-folder-inWindows.
directorybrowsing(n)~AfeaturethatautomaticallyprovidesadefaultWebpageof
availabledirectoriesandfilestobrowsersthatsubmitaUniformResourceLocator(URL)
thatdoesnotspecifyaparticularfile.
directorycharacter(n)~Acharacterthatisusedtodenotethedirectory,forinstance'or
‘/’or‘:’.DependingonwhatOSyou’rerunningone.g.c:\bin\dos\wouldbeadirectory
onyourmachine.’
directorycontrolblock(n)~AninternalNTfilesystem(NTFS)structureinwhichthe
filesystemmaintainsthestateforanopeninstanceofadirectoryfile.
DirectoryExtension(n)~Asoftwarecomponentdesignedtoenableapplication
developerstoextendthedirectoryanddevelopricherapplicationswithoutworryingabout
thelimitationsimposedbyanexternalstore.
directoryharvestattack(n)~Anattempttocollectvalide-mailaddressesfroma
particularorganizationsothatthee-mailaddressescanbeaddedtoaspamdatabase.
directoryID(oth)~Anidentifierthatisgiventoacustomerrecordtoindicatethatthe
customeristhesameasacorrespondingcustomerrecordinanothercompanythatshares
thesamedirectoryID.
DirectoryManagementService(n)~Aserviceusedtomanagedistributionlists.
directorypartition(n)~AcontiguoussubtreeofActiveDirectorythatisreplicatedasa
unittootherdomaincontrollersintheforestthatcontainareplicaofthesamesubtree.In
ActiveDirectory,asingledomaincontrolleralwaysholdsatleastthreedirectory
partitions:schema(classandattributedefinitionsforthedirectory),configuration
(replicationtopologyandrelatedmetadata),anddomain(subtreethatcontainstheper-
domainobjectsforonedomain).DomaincontrollersrunningWindowsServer2003can
alsostoreoneormoreapplicationdirectorypartitions.
directoryreplication(n)~Thecopyingofamastersetofdirectoriesfromaserver(called
anexportserver)tospecifiedserversorworkstations(calledimportcomputers)inthe
sameorotherdomains.Replicationsimplifiesthetaskofmaintainingidenticalsetsof
directoriesandfilesonmultiplecomputersbecauseonlyasinglemastercopyofthedata
mustbemaintained.
directoryserver(n)~Acomputerthatliststhenamesande-mailaddressesofpeoplewho
arerunningNetMeetingandwhoareloggedontotheserver.Thisinformationisusedto
connecttotheircomputers.
directoryservice(n)~Aservicethatprovidesaccesstodataandobjectsinadirectoryor
networkenvironment.
DirectoryServices(PN)~AfeatureoftheHostedFilteringservicethatverifiesintended
recipientsagainstanapproveduserlistbeforee-mailisprocessedforspam,viruses,and
othermalicioussoftware.
DirectoryServicesMarkupLanguage(n)~Anopen,extensible,standards-basedformat
forpublishingdirectoryserviceschemasandexchangingdirectorycontents.
DirectoryServicesoptions(n)~TheoptionsontheDirectoryServicespageforhowmail
tousersintheDirectoryServicesuserlistsishandled:PassThrough,RejectTest,Reject,
GroupFiltering,andIntelligentRouting.
DirectoryServicesUploadmode(n)~Themethodofaddingnewuserstoan
organization’sservice.Therearethreeuploadmodes:AdministrationCentermode,
DirectorySynchronizationToolmode,andSecureFTPmode.
directorystore(n)~ThephysicalstorageforActiveDirectorydirectorypartitionreplicas
onaspecificdomaincontroller.ThestoreisimplementedusingtheExtensibleStorage
Engine.
directorysynchronization(PN)~Theprocessofmatchinguseraccountsandmail-
enabledcontactsandgroupsfromthelocalActive-Directorydirectoryservice.
DirectorySynchronizationToolmode(n)~Amodeforuploadinganaddresslistfileto
DirectoryServicesviatheDirectorySynchronizationTool.Thisisoneofthethreeupload
modesinEHS.Itautomaticallysynchronizestheon-sitee-mailaddresslistwiththe
organization’shostedservices.
directorysystemagent(n)~TheActiveDirectoryprocessthatmanagesandprovides
accesstostoreddirectoryinformation.
directorytree(n)~Ahierarchyofobjectsandcontainersinadirectorythatcanbeviewed
graphicallyasanupside-downtree,withtherootobjectatthetop.Endpointsinthetree
areusuallysingle(leaf)objects,andnodesinthetree,orbranches,arecontainerobjects.A
treeshowshowobjectsareconnectedintermsofthepathfromoneobjecttoanother.
DirectPlay(PN)~Softwarethatsupportsgameconnectionsoveramodem,theInternet,or
aLAN.DirectPlayhelpsstartmultiplayergames,preservesgamedatafromsessionto
session,andenablesvoicecommunication.
DirectShow(PN)~Softwarethatallowsyourcomputertocapturevideo,playDVDs,edit
andmixvideo,usehardware-acceleratedvideodecoding,andtotuneintoanalogordigital
televisionsignals.
DirectSound(PN)~Softwarethatimprovesaudioperformanceonacomputer.
DirectSoundisdesignedtoenablemixingandotherplaybackfeaturesinmovieand
computergamesound,regardlessoftheaudiosoftwareorhardwareonaparticular
computer.
DirectX(n)~AsetofMicrosofttechnologiesthatprovidedeveloperswiththetools
neededtocreatesophisticatedmultimediaapplicationsonWindows-basedcomputers.
directX~AsetofmultimediaAPIsthatMicrosoftprovides.
DirectXGraphicsInfrastructure(PN)~Theinfrastructurethatmanageslow-level
graphics-relatedtasks,suchasoutputadapterandswapchainconfiguration,andprovides
acommonframeworkformanagingvirtualizedgraphicscomponentsandresources.
DirectXImmediateMode(PN)~ArenderingAPIinwhichclientcallsdirectlycause
renderingofgraphicsobjectstothedisplay
DirectXMediaObject(n)~ACOMobjectthatprocessesmultimediadatastreamsfrom
buffersallocatedbytheclient.
DirectXRetainedMode(PN)~ACOM-basedscenegraphAPI.
dirty(n)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicoftheconditionwheresomethinghas
changedinmemorybutthechangehasnotbeensavedtoamorepermanentstoragedevice
suchasadisk.
dirtybit(n)~Abitusedtomarkmodifieddatainacachesothatthemodificationsmay
becarriedovertoprimarymemory.
dirtypage(n)~Abufferpagethatcontainsmodificationsthathavenotbeenwrittento
disk.
dirtyrange(n)~Anareainamarkupcontainerwherechangeshaveoccurred.
dirtyread(n)~Areadthatcontainsuncommitteddata.
disable(v)~Tomakeadevice,component,orfeaturenonfunctional.Forexample,ifyou
disableadeviceinahardwareconfiguration,youcannotusethedevicewhenyour
computerusesthathardwareconfiguration.Disablingadevicefreestheresourcesthat
wereallocatedtothedevice.
DisableforYammer(PN)~ControlinthePostRuleConfigurationsareaontheribbon
thatdisallowsYammerpostsonarecord.
disabled(adj)~Pertainingtothestateofacontrolinwhichnormalfunctionalityisnot
availabletoauser.
disabledcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatappearsdimmedonaformordataaccesspage.A
disabledcontrolcannotgetthefocusandwillnotrespondtomouseclicks.
disabledindex(n)~Anyindexthathasbeenmarkedasdisabled.Adisabledindexis
unavailableforusebythedatabaseengine.Theindexdefinitionofadisabledindex
remainsinthesystemcatalogwithnounderlyingindexdata.
disableduseraccount(n)~Auseraccountthatdoesnotpermitloggingon.
disallowedvendor(n)~Avendorthatisnotauthorizedtosupplyproductstooneormore
legalentities.
disassembly(n)~
disassembly(n)~Theactoftakingapartcomponents,resources,oritems.
disasterrecovery(n)~Theprocessofgainingbackaccesstothedata,hardwareand
softwarenecessaryforcriticalbusinessoperationsafteranaturalorhuman-induced
disaster.
disc(n)~Around,flatpieceofnonmagnetic,shinymetalencasedinaplasticcoating,
designedtobereadfromandwrittentobyoptical(laser)technology.
discburner(n)~AdeviceusedtocopyfilestorecordableCDsandDVDs.
discard(v)~Toremovesomething.
discard(v)~ToremoveafilefromtheMicrosoftOfficeDocumentCachewithout
deletingitontheserver.
discardchanges(v)~Toremoveauser’schangesfromtheMicrosoftOfficeDocument
Cachewithoutdeletingthefileontheserverorremovingthelatestversiondownloaded
fromtheserverfromtheOfficeDocumentCache.
discharge(n)~Thepointatwhichthepatientleavesthehospital.
dischargeinstruction(n)~Themedicalinstructionsgiventoapatientafterbeing
dischargedfromahospital.
dischargesummary(n)~Aclinicalreportpreparedbyahealthprofessionalattheendof
ahospitalstaythatdescribesthepatient’smaincomplaint,thetherapyadministered,and
recommendationsondischarge.
discipline(n)~Aparticularspecializationthatcategorizesactivitiesandguidancewithina
processaccordingtoacommontheme;thesemayrelatetooneortomanyroles.
disclaimer(n)~Anoticethatwarnsthatthemanufactureroftheproductlimitsliabilityin
certainsituations/uses.
disclaimer(n)~Textthatisaddedtoe-mailmessagesintransporttoprovideinformation
thatsupportsthesendingorganization’scompliancepolicies,warningsaboutunknownor
unverifiede-mailsenders,orotherinformationasdeterminedbythesendingorganization.
ExchangeServer2007allowstheadministratortousetransportrulestotargetdisclaimers
basedonspecificcriteria.
disclose(v)~Torevealknowledgeorinformation.
Disco(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#4.
disconnect(v)~Tobreakaconnection.
disconnected(adj)~Pertainingtoaconnection,session,orcallthathas,unintentionallyor
not,ended.
discontinued(adj)~ThequalityofaproductorservicethatMicrosoftnolongeroffersor
supports.
discount(n)~Aspecifictypeofpromotioninwhichcustomersareinvitedtosavemoney
onspecificproductsorproductgroupsiftheymeetcertainspecifiedconditions.
discount(n)~Areductioninthesellingpriceofproductsorservicesusuallyofferedby
thesellerwhenthebuyeragreestomeetspecificconditions.
discount(n)~Afixedamountorpercentagedeductedfromaquotedpriceorpricetotal.
discountlist(n)~Agroupofpricereductionsthatcanbeappliedtoaproductbasedon
volumepurchased.
discountperiod(n)~Thetimeperiodwithinwhichacustomercandiscounttheir
paymentobligation.
discountvariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenanexpecteddiscountandanactual
discount.
discoverable(adj)~Pertainingtoastateinwhichacomputerordevicecanbedetected
andrecognizedbyanothercomputerordevice.
discoverablemode(n)~AmodeinwhichaBluetoothdevicewillletanyotherBluetooth
devicediscoverandconnectwithit.
discoveredgroup(n)~AnycomputergroupfoundbyOperationsManager.
discovery(n)~Theusuallypretrialdisclosureofpertinentfactsordocumentsbyoneor
bothpartiestoalegalactionorproceeding.
discovery(n)~Theprocessoffindingcontentrelatedtoaninvestigation,litigation,or
auditsothatitcanbeproperlytrackedandmaintained.
discovery(n)~Anelementinamanagementpackthatdefineslogicforlocating
monitoredobjectsandtheirpropertiesandrelationshipsbetweendifferentobjects.
DiscoveryandRiskAssessment(PN)~AMicrosoftOfficeproductthatidentifies
business-criticalExcelspreadsheetsandAccessdatabasesbydiscoveringfilesacross
networksharesandSharePointlibraries,andthatprovidesflexibleriskassessmentand
categorizationbasedonrelevance,materialityandbusinessimpact.
discoverydata(n)~AsetofpropertiesthatidentifiesanSMS/ConfigurationManager
resource.Forexample,discoverydataforanSMS/ConfigurationManagerclientcan
includetheIPaddressofthenetworkconnection,theoperatingsystemtypeandversion,
andtheSMS/ConfigurationManageruniqueidentifierthatisassignedtotheclient.
discoverydatarecord(n)~Thefileformat(.ddr)andtheactualfilethatisusedby
ConfigurationManagertoreportdiscoverydatatoaConfigurationManagersitedatabase.
discoverymailbox(n)~Aspecialtypeofmailboxinwhichcopiesofthemailboxsearch
resultsarestored.
DiscoveryManagement(PN)~Therolegroupthatgivesusersthepermissionsneededto
useMulti-MailboxSearch.
discoverymanager(n)~Apersonwhohasabusinessneedtosearchthemailboxesin
theirorganizationfore-mailandothermessagetypesthatcontainspecifickeywords.
discoverymethod(n)~Aprocedurethatdetectsandacquiresinformationaboutresources
onthenetwork.
DiscoveryPack(PN)~TheofferforafixedamountofCloudServices,storage,data
transfers,ServiceBus,CDNandSQLDatabaseatafixedmonthlyprice.Itisnowno
longeravailablefornewcustomers.
DiscoveryService(PN)~Aservicethatestablishesasimpleflowforlearningaboutand
usingauthenticatedMicrosoftOnlineServicesendpointsforagivenuser.Itisasingle
pointwhereadevelopercanstart,passtheuseridentity,getinformationtoinitiate
authorizationflows,getthehostinglocationofservicesforthatuser,andgettheendpoints
totheservice.
DiscoveryWizard(PN)~TheSystemCenterEssentialswizardthathelpsselectthe
computersanddevicestobemanaged.
discreteinterpolation(n)~Oneofthreemethodsusedtodescribehowananimation
transitionsbetweenvaluesoveritsduration.Thismethodproducesajumpfromonevalue
tothenext,withoutgeneratingin-betweenvalues.
discretesignal(n)~Atimeseriesconsistingofasequenceofquantities,thatisatime
seriesthatisafunctionoveradomainofdiscreteintegers.
discretionaryaccesscontrollist(n)~Anaccesscontrollistthatiscontrolledbythe
ownerofanobjectandthatspecifiestheaccessparticularusersorgroupscanhavetothe
object.
discretionaryhyphen(n)~Ahyphenthatisusedtocontrolwhereawordorphrase
breaksifitfallsattheendofaline.Forexample,youcanspecifythattheword
nonprinting’breaksas‘non-printing’ratherthan‘nonprint-ing.”
discretization(n)~Theprocessofputtingvaluesofacontinuoussetofdataintogroups
sothatthereareadiscretenumberofpossiblestates.
discretizedcolumn(n)~Acolumnthatrepresentsfinite,counteddata
Discrimination(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbythePanEuropeanGaming
Information(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
discriminator(n)~Atextlabelonageneralizationpaththatindicatesthenameofa
partitionofthegeneralclassthatthemorespecificclassisin.Thedefaultdiscriminatoris
anemptystring.
discriminatorproperty(n)~Acolumninadatabasetablethatcontainsavaluethat
determineswhichclassanygivenrecordbelongsto.
discussion(n)~Apost,comments,andresponsesmadewithinaconversationspace,such
asamessageboard,helpboard,community,newsgroup,orblog.Theseexchangesare
usuallypubliclyviewable.Participationmayrequirecredentials,suchasaWindowsLive
ID.
discussionboard(n)~AWebsitecomponentthatenablesuserstoparticipateintopicsof
discussionbypostingandreplyingtocomments.
discussioncomment(n)~AremarkortopicofdiscussionthatisassociatedwithaWeb
pageorMicrosoftOfficefileandisstoredonadiscussionserver.
discussionentry(n)~Amessagethatappearsinanewsgroup,publicfolder,orother
forum,suchasFacebookorTwitter,accessiblebyanumberofindividuals.
discussiongroup(n)~AforumontheInternetfordiscussionsonaspecifiedrangeof
subjects.
discussionrights(n)~Rightsthatallowausertoview,add,modify,andclosediscussion
commentsthatareattachedtoaWebpageordocument.
discussionserver(n)~Acomputerthatstoresdiscussiontextandinformationaboutthe
locationofthefilebeingdiscussed.
discussionthread(n)~Inanonlineforum,suchasanewsgroup,aseriesofmessagesor
articlesinwhichrepliestoanmessagearenesteddirectlyunderitinsteadofarrangedin
chronologicaloralphabeticalorder.
disfavoredpersona(n)~Adisfavoredpersonaorpersonawiththeobjectiveofgaining
accesstoanasset.Examplesofadversariesincludehackers.
disjointselection(n)~Aselectionthatconsistsofasetofobjectsthatarenotlogically
sequentialorphysicallyadjacenttoeachother.
disk(n)~Adeviceusedtostoreinformation.Therearetwotypesofdisks.Harddisksare
permanentandinstalledintoyourcomputer.Floppydisksareportableandcanbeinserted
intoandremovedfromafloppydiskdrive.
disk(n)~Areusablemagneticstoragemedium.Thefloppydiskusedtodayistherigid
3.5-inchmicrofloppythatholds1.44MB.Itiscalledfloppybecausethefirstvarieties
werehousedinbendablejackets.
Disk~Generictermforatypeofstoragedevice,suchasa-harddisk-ora-floppy
disk-(diskette).Socalledbecausetheimportantpart,wheretheinformationisactually
stored,iscircular,althoughyoucan’tseeitbecauseitishiddenawayinsideaprotective
shell.
diskaccesstime(n)~Thetimeneededforaread/writeheadinadiskdrivetolocatea
trackonadisk.Accesstimeisusuallymeasuredinmillisecondsandisusedasa
performancemeasureforharddisksandCD-ROMdrives.
diskarbitration(n)~Theprocessthatoccurswhentheclusternodethatownedthe
quorumresourcefailsorisunavailable,andtheremainingnodesdeterminewhichnode
willtakeownership.
diskbottleneck(n)~Aconditionthatoccurswhendiskperformanceisreducedtothe
extentthatoverallsystemperformanceisaffected.
diskcache(n)~Aportionofacomputer’srandomaccessmemory(RAM)setasidefor
temporarilyholdinginformationreadfromdisk.Adiskcachedoesnotholdentirefiles,as
doesaRAMdisk(aportionofmemorythatactsasifitwereadiskdrive).Instead,adisk
cacheisusedtoholdinformationthateitherhasrecentlybeenrequestedfromdiskorhas
previouslybeenwrittentodisk.Iftherequiredinformationremainsinadiskcache,access
timeisconsiderablyfasterthaniftheprogrammustwaitforthediskdrivemechanismto
fetchtheinformationfromdisk.
diskconfigurationinformation(n)~InformationintheWindowsregistryonassigned
driveletters,simplevolumes,stripedvolumes,mirroredvolumes,spannedvolumes,and
RAID-5volumes.YoucanchangethediskconfigurationbyusingDiskManagement.
diskdirectory(n)~Anindexofthefilesonadisk,analogoustoacardcatalog.Adisk
directoryincludesinformationaboutthefiles,suchastheirnames,sizes,datesofcreation,
andphysicallocationsonthedisk.
diskdrive(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatreadsdatafromandwritesdatatofloppydisks.
diskduplication(n)~Theprocessofusingthird-partyhardwareorsoftwaretocopyafull
masterWindowsinstallationontotheharddisksofmultipledestinationcomputers.The
mastercomputeranddestinationcomputersmusthavecompatiblehardwareabstraction
layers(HALs).Thedestinationcomputercanbedelivereddirectlytocustomers,orit
mightrequireadditionalprocessingonthefactoryproductionline.
diskextent(n)~Acontiguousrunofsectorsononedisk.
diskflush(n)~Awriteoperationthatcompletesonlywhentheassociateddatahasbeen
effectivelywrittentodisk.
diskpartition(n)~Asectionofspaceonaphysicaldiskthatfunctionsasifitwerea
separatedisk.
diskspace(n)~Theamountofdatathatcanbestoredonadisk,usuallymeasuredin
bytes.
DiskUtilizationreport(n)~ADPSreportthatprovidesstatisticsondiskcapacity,
allocation,usage,andavailability.
disk-basedwebsite(n)~Awebsitehostedonalocalcomputer.
Diskette~Alsoknownasafloppydisk.Nowobsollete.Calledadiskettebecauseitwas
smallerthantheoriginalhugefloppydisks.
diskpart.exe(n)~Acommand-lineutilityforformattingandmanagingdiskpartitionsand
volumes.
dislike(PN)~AbuttonlabeltonotethattheuserdoesnotlikeasuggestioninLocal
Scout.
DISM(PN)~AframeworkthatprovidesasinglepointforITprofessionalsandOEMsto
serviceandmaintainWindowsimagesofflinethroughascriptablecommandlineutility
andaneasilyextensibleinfrastructure.
DISMTransmogrifyProvider(PN)~TheDeploymentImageServicingand
Management(DISM)providerthatexposestheabilitytotransmogrifyanedition.
dismiss(v)~Torejectorturnoffasystemnotificationsuchasareminder,anewmessage
alertoranalarm.
dismount(v)~Toremovearemovabletapeordiscfromadrive.
dispatch(v)~Toplan,allocate,andsendouttechnicians,spareparts,andspecial
equipmenttosolveaserviceproblem.
dispatch(v)~Tomakeadjustmentstoproductionjobsonaselectedworkcenterto
preparethemforshipping.
dispatchID(n)~A32-bitintegerthatidentifiesapropertyset.
dispatcher(n)~Insomemultitaskingoperatingsystems,thesetofroutinesresponsible
forallocatingCPU(centralprocessingunit)timetovariousapplications.
display(v)~Toshowsomething.
display(n)~Avisualoutputdeviceaimedatdisplayingvarioustypeofinformation.
displayadapter(n)~Theelectroniccomponentsthatgeneratethevideosignalsent
throughacabletoavideodisplay.Thevideoadapterisusuallylocatedonthecomputer’s
mainsystemboardoronanexpansionboard,butitissometimesbuiltintotheterminal.
displaycalibration(n)~TheactofadjustingadisplaysothatitsresponsetoRGBinput
signalsmatchesapredefinedstandardsuchassRGB.
DisplayColorCalibration(PN)~Awizardthatguidesusersthroughaseriesof
adjustmentstotheirdisplaytoproduceamoreaccuraterenderingofsRGBcolorcontent.
DisplayColorCalibrationWizard(PN)~Awizardthatguidesusersthroughaseriesof
adjustmentstotheirdisplaytoproduceamoreaccuraterenderingofsRGBcolorcontent.
DisplayConfigurationwizard(n)~AwizardthatguidestheusertoconfiguretheirTV
ormonitortogetthebestpicture.Thewizardhelpstheusertocenterandresizethe
picture,selectthecorrectaspectratio,andadjustthebrightness,contrast,andsharpness
settings.
displaydevice(n)~Avisualoutputdeviceaimedatdisplayingvarioustypeof
information.
DisplayEmoticonsinInstantMessages(oth)~AnitemontheEditmenuthatconverts
specifictextstringstoemoticonsininstantmessages.
displayfield(n)~Afieldthatappearsinaform,report,orclassandthatcontainsand
displaysdatabutisnotstoredasarecordinatable.Adisplayfieldcanbecalculateddata.
displayitem(n)~Afolderintowhichattributes,measures,calculatedmembers,KPIs,and
PerformancePointitemscanbeorganizedtofacilitatebrowsingbyusers.
displaymode(n)~ThemodeinwhichaWebPartspagecanbedisplayed.Itenablesusers
tomodifyapageinspecifiedways.ThestatesthatshipwiththeWebPartscontrolsetare:
catalog,connect,design,edit,andbrowse.ThedefaultornormalmodeforaWebpageis
browse.Developerscanextendthisdisplaymodefeaturebyaddingcustomdisplay
modes,whichrequiresextendingtheWebPartManagerclass.
displayname(n)~InSMS/ConfigurationManagersoftwareinventory,thecompanyor
productnamethatappearsinResourceExplorerwhenyouviewsoftwareinventory
information.Thisnamemaydifferfromthecompanyorproductname—theinventoried
name—thatisreadfromthefileheaderinformationoftheproductfiles.
displayname(n)~Adescriptiveoruser-friendlylabelforacontrolorobject,displayed
onthescreen.Thedisplaynamemaydifferfromtheinternalname.
displayname(n)~Analiasfortheapplicationnamethatuniquelyidentifiesan
applicationinallphasesofmonitoring,fromconfigurationtomonitoring,viewing,and
reportinginApplicationDiagnostics.ThedefaultdisplaynameistheIISproperty
‘Applicationname’forwebapplications.
displayname(n)~Anameofapersonasitisshowninauserinterface.
Displaypane(n)~TheupperleftpaneintheDPMAdministratorConsole.TheDisplay
paneprovidesinformationandaccesstofunctionalityfortheselectedtaskarea.
displaypicture(n)~Theimageoravatarsomeoneaddstotheirprofiletorepresent
themselves.
displaypointer(n)~ApointerthatmarksapositioninthemarkuptextofanHTML
documentduringeditinginrelationtotheonscreenpositionoftherenderedpage.A
displaypointeriscontrolledbyanGetDisplayGravityinterface.Displaypointersworkin
conjunctionwithmarkuppointers.
DisplayProperties(n)~AniconinWindowsVistaControlPanelthatopensadialog
allowingusertochangedisplayoptionsincludingscreenresolution,refreshrate,color
depth,andorientation.
displaysetting(n)~Thenumberofcolorsthatyourcomputerdisplaysoftwaresupports.
displaysystem(n)~Thecombinationofmonitor,videoadapter,anddisplaysoftware.
disposaldate(n)~Thedatethatanassetissoldordiscarded.
dispositioncode(n)~Acodethatindicatesthemethodbywhichareturneditemshould
beprocessed.
DisqualifyLead(oth)~Torenderordeclaresomething,suchasalead,unqualifiedor
unfit.
disregardedentity(n)~Abusinessthatisownedbyanindividualbutisnottreatedasa
separateentityfromthebusinessownerfortaxpurposes.
distancevectormulticastroutingprotocol(n)~AnInternetroutingprotocolthat
providesanefficientmechanismforconnectionlessdatagramdeliverytoagroupofhosts
acrossanInternetnetwork.ItisadistributedprotocolthatdynamicallygeneratesIP
multicastdeliverytreesusingatechniquecalledReversePathMulticasting(RPM).
distinctcountmeasure(n)~Ameasurecommonlyusedtodetermineforeachmemberof
adimensionhowmanydistinct,lowest-levelmembersofanotherdimensionsharerowsin
thefacttable.
distinctcustomer(n)~AcustomerwhomayvisitaWebsiteseveraltimeswithina
certaintimeframe,butiscountedonlyonce.
distinctproduct(n)~Auniquelyidentifiableproduct.
distinguishedfolder(n)~AfolderinamailboxthatcanbereferencedbyWebservices
requeststoidentifyafolderbyname.
distinguishedname(n)~Anamethatuniquelyidentifiesanobjectbyusingtherelative
distinguishednamefortheobject,plusthenamesofcontainerobjectsanddomainsthat
containtheobject.Thedistinguishednameidentifiestheobjectaswellasitslocationina
tree.EveryobjectinActiveDirectoryhasadistinguishedname.
distribute(v)~Toallocateamonglocationsorfacilities,asinadata-processingfunction
thatisperformedbyacollectionofcomputersandotherdeviceslinkedtogetherbya
network.
distribute(v)~Tomovethreeormoreobjectssothatthereisanequalamountofspace
betweenthem.
distribute(v)~IntheBusinessStoreandEducationStore,togetappsandotherdigital
goodsintothehandsofemployeesorstudents.
DistributedCOM(n)~TheversionofMicrosoft’sComponentObjectModel(COM)
specificationthatstipulateshowcomponentscommunicateoverWindows-based
networks.Itpermitsthedistributionofdifferentcomponentsforasingleapplication
acrosstwoormorenetworkedcomputers,runninganapplicationdistributedacrossa
networksothatthedistributionofcomponentsisnotapparenttotheuser,andremotely
displayinganapplication.BecauseDCOMislanguage-neutral,anylanguagethatuses
COMcomponentscanalsoproduceDCOMapplications.
DistributedComponentObjectModel(n)~TheversionofMicrosoft’sComponent
ObjectModel(COM)specificationthatstipulateshowcomponentscommunicateover
Windows-basednetworks.Itpermitsthedistributionofdifferentcomponentsforasingle
applicationacrosstwoormorenetworkedcomputers,runninganapplicationdistributed
acrossanetworksothatthedistributionofcomponentsisnotapparenttotheuser,and
remotelydisplayinganapplication.BecauseDCOMislanguage-neutral,anylanguage
thatusesCOMcomponentscanalsoproduceDCOMapplications.
distributedcomputing(n)~Aformofinformationprocessinginwhichworkis
performedbyseparatecomputerslinkedthroughacommunicationsnetwork.Distributed
processingisusuallycategorizedaseitherplaindistributedprocessingortruedistributed
processing.Plaindistributedprocessingsharestheworkloadamongcomputersthatcan
communicatewithoneanother.Truedistributedprocessinghasseparatecomputers
performdifferenttasksinsuchawaythattheircombinedworkcancontributetoalarger
goal.Thelattertypeofprocessingrequiresahighlystructuredenvironmentthatallows
hardwareandsoftwaretocommunicate,shareresources,andexchangeinformationfreely.
distributeddatabase(n)~Adatabaseimplementedonanetwork.Thecomponent
partitionsaredistributedovervariousnodes(stations)ofthenetwork.Dependingonthe
specificupdateandretrievaltraffic,distributingthedatabasecansignificantlyenhance
overallperformance.
DistributedFileSystem(PN)~Aservicethatallowssystemadministratorstoorganize
distributednetworksharesintoalogicalnamespace,enablinguserstoaccessfileswithout
specifyingtheirphysicallocationandprovidingloadsharingacrossnetworkshares.
DistributedLinkTracking(n)~Aservicethattrackslinksinscenarioswherethelinkis
madetoafileonanNTFSvolume,suchasshellshortcutsandOLElinks.
distributedpartitionedview(n)~Aviewthatjoinshorizontallypartitioneddatafroma
setofmembertablesacrossmorethanoneserver,makingthedataappearasiffromone
table.
distributedpasswordauthentication(n)~Anadvanced,distributedmethodofuser
authenticationfromMicrosoft,allowingforsingleuserlog-on.
distributedprocessing(n)~Aformofinformationprocessinginwhichworkis
performedbyseparatecomputerslinkedthroughacommunicationsnetwork.Distributed
processingisusuallycategorizedaseitherplaindistributedprocessingortruedistributed
processing.Plaindistributedprocessingsharestheworkloadamongcomputersthatcan
communicatewithoneanother.Truedistributedprocessinghasseparatecomputers
performdifferenttasksinsuchawaythattheircombinedworkcancontributetoalarger
goal.Thelattertypeofprocessingrequiresahighlystructuredenvironmentthatallows
hardwareandsoftwaretocommunicate,shareresources,andexchangeinformationfreely.
distributedquery(n)~Asinglequerythataccessesdatafrommultipledatasources.
DistributedRelationalDatabaseArchitecture(n)~Aconnectionprotocolfor
distributedrelationaldatabaseprocessingusedbyIBMrelationaldatabaseproductsthat
comprisesprotocolsforcommunicationbetweenanapplicationandaremotedatabase,
andcommunicationbetweendatabases.DRDAalsoprovidestheconnectionsforremote
anddistributedprocessing.TheDistributedDataManagementArchitectureprovidesthe
basearchitectureforDRDA.
DistributedReplay(PN)~Thetoolwhichallowsyoutoreplayaworkloadfrommultiple
computersandbettersimulateamission-criticalworkload.
distributedroutingtable(n)~Aroutingtablewithentriesthataredistributedacrossa
groupofmachinesthatcanbeusedtomapnumerickeystoapplicationendpointsandfind
routesthroughthenetworkofpeers.
DistributedScanManagement(PN)~AfeaturethatoffersacollectionofWebservices,
applications,andWindowsservicesthatworktogethertocreateanend-to-endexperience
thatallowsuserstowalkuptoacopyroomMFDandscanadocumenttoadestination.
DistributedScanServer(PN)~Aroleservice,underPrintandDocumentServices,that
providestheservicewhichreceivesscanneddocumentsfromnetworkscannersandroutes
themtothecorrectdestinations.ItalsoincludestheScanManagementsnap-in.
DistributedSystemDesigner(PN)~AsetofdesigntoolsinVisualStudio2005Team
ArchitectEditionthathelpreducethecomplexityofdevelopinganddeployingservice-
orientedapplications.
distributedtransaction(n)~Atransactionthatspansmultipledatasources.
distribution(n)~Theprocessofmanagingtheflowofgoodsandservicesfromthe
producertothecustomer.
distributioncleanupagent(n)~AscheduledjobthatrunsunderSQLServerAgent.
AfterallSubscribershavereceivedatransaction,theagentremovesthetransactionfrom
thedistributiondatabase.Italsocleansupsnapshotfilesfromthefilesystemafterentries
correspondingtothosefileshavebeenremovedfromthedistributiondatabase.
distributiondatabase(n)~AdatabaseontheDistributorthatstoresdataforreplication
includingtransactions,snapshotjobs,synchronizationstatus,andreplicationhistory
information.
distributionfolder(n)~ThefoldercreatedonthedistributionservertocontaintheSetup
files.
distributiongroup(n)~Acollectionofusers,computers,contacts,andothergroupsthat
isusedonlyfore-maildistribution,andaddressedasasinglerecipient.
distributiongroup(n)~Amail-enabledActiveDirectorygroupobject.InExchange
2007,adistributiongroupreferstoallmail-enabledgroups,whethertheyareanActive
DirectorysecuritygrouporanActiveDirectorydistributiongroup.Whenane-mail
messageissenttoadistributiongroup,allmembersofthatlistreceiveacopyofthe
message.
distributionlist(n)~Acollectionofusers,computers,contacts,andothergroupsthatis
usedonlyfore-maildistribution,andaddressedasasinglerecipient.
distributionlist(n)~Alogicalgroupingofsendports.Whenamessageissenttoasend
portgroup,itisroutedtoalloftheassociatedsendports.
distributionpoint(n)~Asitesystemthathastheroleofstoringpackagesourcefiles.
Clientscontactdistributionpointstoobtainsourcefileswhentheyrunadvertised
programs.
distributionpointgroup(n)~Asetofdistributionpointsthatyoucanmanageasasingle
entity.Adistributionpointgroupsimplifiesmanagementtaskswhenasiteincludestoo
manydistributionpointstomanageindividually.
distributionretentionperiod(n)~Intransactionalreplication,theamountoftime
transactionsarestoredinthedistributiondatabase.
distributionshare(n)~AfolderthatcontainsthesourcefilesforWindowsproductsthat
youinstall.Itmayalsocontainadditionaldevicedriversandapplicationfiles.
distributor(n)~Adatabaseinstancethatactsasastoreforreplication-specificdata
associatedwithoneormorePublishers.
dither(v)~Tocreatetheillusionofvaryingshadesofgrayonamonochromedisplayor
printerorofadditionalcolorsonacolordisplayorprinter.
dithered(adj)~Producedwiththeuseofdithering.
dithering(PN)~Amethodtodisplayarangeofcolorswithalimitedpalette.Eachpixel
onthesourceimageisrepresentedbymultiplepixels(usuallya2x2square)onthe
destinationimage.Fromadistance,theeyeblendsthemultiplepixelsintoonecolorthat
hasmoreshadesthantheoriginalpalette.Thetechniquesresultsinabettervisual
appearancethantheremovaloflowprecisionbits.
DivergingArrows(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowideasorconceptsthat
progressoutwardfromacentralsource.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
DivergingRadial(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowrelationshipstoa
centralideainacycle.ThefirstLevel1lineoftextcorrespondstothecentralcircular
shape.Emphasizesthesurroundingcirclesratherthanthecentralidea.Unusedtextdoes
notappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
divide(v)~Tocombinetwoormoreshapesorpathstoresultinasinglecompoundpath
whereoverlappingareasaresplitapart.Ifyoureleasethecompoundpath,theindividual
shapesareputintotheirownpathobjects.
DividendYield(PN)~Afinancialratiothatshowshowmuchacompanypaysoutin
dividendseachyearrelativetoitsshareprice.Intheabsenceofanycapitalgains,the
dividendyieldisthereturnoninvestmentforastock.
divider(n)~Amoveablestripintheuserinterfacethatdividesthescreenbetweentwo
apps.
division(n)~Anorganizationallevelofacompany.Divisionscanbebasedongeography,
(EastDivision,WestDivision);productspecializations,(NewTechnologiesDivision);or
anyothercharacteristics.
Division(PN)~Agroupofteamsthatplayasportatasimilarcompetitivelevel.
divisionsign(n)~The÷character.
DIVISIONSIGN(n)~The÷character.
DIY(PN)~TheLifestylesubcategorycontainingappstohelpyouwithDo-It-Yourself.
DKK(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofDenmark.
DL-BASE(n)~ThetypeofBaseusedbyHostIntegrationServer20043270emulation
programs.DL-BASEsupportsasingleHostIntegrationServer2004componentora
singleuserapplicationandhasentrypointsforinitialization,sendingmessages,receiving
messages,andtermination.
DLC(n)~Anerror-correctionprotocolintheSystemsNetworkArchitecture(SNA)
responsiblefortransmissionofdatabetweentwonodesoveraphysicallink.Supportedby
MicrosoftWindowsNTandWindows2000,DLCisdesignedtoprovideaccesstoIBM
mainframecomputersandtoHewlett-Packardprintersconnectedtothenetwork.
DLL(n)~Anoperatingsystemfeaturethatallowsexecutableroutines(generallyservinga
specificfunctionorsetoffunctions)tobestoredseparatelyasfileswith.dllextensions.
Theseroutinesareloadedonlywhenneededbytheprogramthatcallsthem.
DLLpreloading(n)~Anattackthattricksanapplicationintoloadingamaliciouslibrary
whenitthinksit’sloadingatrustedlibrary.
DLNA(PN)~Anallianceofleadingcompaniesintheconsumerelectronics,mobileand
personalcomputerindustriesfocusedondeliveringaninteroperabilityframeworkof
designguidelinesbasedonopenindustrystandardstocompletethecross-industrydigital
convergence.Microsoftisamemberofthisalliance.
DLPpolicy(n)~Acollectionoftransportrulesandclassificationlogicthatapplies
specificfilteringbasedonspecificregulatoryrequirements,forexample,HIPAA(Health
InsurancePortabililtyandAccountabilityAct).
DLPpolicytemplate(n)~Acollectionoftransportruleconfigurationsandclassification
logicinstalledinanExchangedeploymentfromwhichdatalossprotection(DLP)policies
arecreated.
DLU(n)~Adevice-independentmeasuretouseforlayout.Onehorizontalunitisequalto
one-fourthoftheaveragecharacterwidthforthecurrentsystemfont.Oneverticalunitis
equaltoone-eighthofanaveragecharacterheightforthecurrentsystemfont.
DMA(n)~Atechnologythatallowscertaindevices,suchasharddisksandCDorDVD
drives,totransferinformationdirectlythroughthecomputer’smemorywithoutusingthe
computer’sprocessor.DMAimprovestheperformanceofthedeviceandfreesthe
computer’sprocessorsoitcanperformothertasks.
DMF(n)~Oneofasetofbuilt-infunctionsthatreturnsserverstateinformationabout
values,objects,andsettingsinSQLServer.
DML(n)~ThesubsetofSQLstatementsthatisusedtoretrieveandmanipulatedata.
DMLstatementstypicallystartwithSELECTINSERTUPDATEorDELETE.
DMLtrigger(n)~Astoredprocedurethatexecuteswhendatainaspecifiedtableis
modified.
DMO(n)~ACOMobjectthatprocessesmultimediadatastreamsfrombuffersallocated
bytheclient.
DMRC(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesaninterfaceforacquiringrichmetadatainorderto
supportshowingdevicedetailinformationintheDeviceCenterandtheDeviceStage.
DMV(n)~Asetofbuilt-inviewsthatreturnserverstateinformationaboutvalues,
objects,andsettingsinSQLServer.
DMX(n)~InAnalysisServices,astatementthatperformsminingtasksprogrammatically.
DNIS(n)~Aservicethatprovidesastringofdigitsthatthetelephonenetworkpassesto
theACDtoindicatethenumberthatthecallerdialed.
DNS(n)~Ahierarchical,distributeddatabasethatcontainsmappingsofDNSdomain
namestovarioustypesofdata,suchasIPaddresses.DNSenablesthelocationof
computersandservicesbyuser-friendlynames,anditalsoenablesthediscoveryofother
informationstoredinthedatabase.
DNS(PN)~AnAzureservicetohostDNSandmanageDNSrecordsusingthesame
credentials,billingandsupportcontractastheotherAzureservices,thusintegrating
Azure-basedserviceswithcorrespondingDNSupdates.
DNS~(DomainNameService/System)-Aninternetservicethatconvertsahumanweb
addresssuchaswww.jonstorm.comintothenumericaddressthatcomputersuse,called
the-IPaddress.‘Can’tresolveDNS’usuallymeansthatthisconversionhasfailedand
thereforethewebsitecan’tbefound.
DNSclient(n)~AclientcomputerthatqueriesDNSserversinanattempttoresolveDNS
domainnames.DNSclientsmaintainatemporarycacheofresolvedDNSdomainnames.
DNShostingprovider(n)~AproviderthatoffersDNShostingservices.
DNShostingservice(n)~AservicethatrunsDomainNameSystem(DNS)servers.Most,
butnotall,domainnameregistrarsincludeDNShostingservicewithregistration.
DNSname(n)~ThenameregisteredinDNSforacomputer.Forexample,
srv1.contoso.comistheDNSnameforahypotheticalservernamedsrv1.
DNSquery(n)~Aquerybythedomainnameserver.
DNSserver(n)~AserverthatmaintainsinformationaboutaportionoftheDNSdatabase
andthatrespondstoandresolvesDNSqueries.
DNSsuffix(n)~ForDNS,acharacterstringthatrepresentsadomainname.TheDNS
suffixshowswhereahostislocatedrelativetotheDNSroot,specifyingahost’slocation
intheDNShierarchy.Usually,theDNSsuffixdescribesthelatterportionofaDNSname,
followingoneormoreofthefirstlabelsofaDNSname.
DNT(PN)~Apreferencesetbyusersinwebbrowserstoindicatetowebsitesthattheydo
notwanttobetracked.
DNTheader(n)~AHTTPheaderthatrequeststhatawebsiteavoidtrackinganindividual
user.
Domore(PN)~TheWindowsMobileheaderlinkthatopensamenuthatcontainsmore
options.
DoNotDisturb(PN)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthattheusercanselectto
notifyotherusersthatheorshedoesnotwanttobeinterrupted.
DoNotDisturb(PN)~Thestatusthatappearsautomaticallywhenauseriswatchinga
movieontheirdevice,orwhenauserhasmanuallyselectedthattheyarenotavailableto
becontactedatthistime.
DoNotTrack(PN)~Apreferencesetbyusersinwebbrowserstoindicatetowebsites
thattheydonotwanttobetracked.
DoNotTrackheader(n)~AHTTPheaderthatrequeststhatawebsiteavoidtrackingan
individualuser.
doc(n)~Anyself-containedpieceofworkcreatedwithanapplicationprogramand,if
savedondisk,givenauniquefilenamebywhichitcanberetrieved.
dock(v)~Toconnectalaptopornotebookcomputertoadockingstation.
dock(v)~Tomanipulateaninterfaceelement,suchasatoolbarorpanel,inordertoalign
itwiththeedgeofanotherinterfaceelement,typicallyawindoworpane.
dock(n)~Aphysicalhardwareunitthatcanconnectportablecomputerstoapowersource
andtoperipherals,suchasamonitor,printer,full-sizedkeyboard,ormouse.The
connectioncanbewirelessorphysical.
dockmanagement(n)~Awarehouseprocesswhereyoucancontrolinventoryitemsfor
multipleorders,shipments,loads,orwavesatthedockswheninbounditemsarereceived
oroutbounditemsareloaded.
dockpanel(n)~Alayoutcontainerthatarrangesitschildelementsaroundtheedgeofthe
screenbasedoncompassdirection:North,South,East,andWest.
dockposition(n)~Theconfigurationinwhichaninterfaceelement,suchasatoolbaror
panel,isdockedtoanotherinterfaceelement,typicallyawindoworpane.
dockablepane(n)~Awindowthatmayfloatanddockatadesignatedsiteknownasa
docksite.
dockedmode(n)~Akeyboardlayoutinwhichtheonscreenkeyboardisattachedtoone
edgeofthewindow.
dockedtoolbar(n)~Atoolbarthatisattachedtooneedgeoftheprogramwindow.When
youdragatoolbarbelowtheprogramtitlebarortotheleft,right,orbottomedgeofthe
window,thetoolbarsnapsintoplaceontheedgeoftheprogramwindow.
docking(station)~Ahardwaredevicethatenablesamobilecomputertofunctionasa
desktopcomputer.
dockingcontainer(n)~AUIcontrolthatallowsthearrangementofchildcontrols,both
horizontallyandvertically,relativetoothercontrolswithinthecontainerandwithinset
boundaries.
dockingstation(n)~Aphysicalhardwareunitthatcanconnectportablecomputerstoa
powersourceandtoperipherals,suchasamonitor,printer,full-sizedkeyboard,ormouse.
Theconnectioncanbewirelessorphysical.
document(n)~Anyself-containedpieceofworkcreatedwithanapplicationprogram
and,ifsavedondisk,givenauniquefilenamebywhichitcanberetrieved.
document(n)~Alltheinformationenteredforasinglecompletetransactionincluding
distributionamounts(ifany).
document(n)~Anelectronicinstanceofone-to-manyschemas.Usuallydocumentsare
sentbetweentwoprocesses.
documentACL(n)~Amanagedpropertyofadocumentthatdefineswhohasrightsto
viewthedocument.
documentblocking(n)~Amethodofplacinganoperationsprocessonholdwhile
ordereditemsareinaqualityassuranceprocess.
documentcolors(n)~Aportionofthecolorbarthatallowstheusertoselectonecolor
fromthesetofcolorsinthecurrentdocument.
DocumentConnectionforMac(PN)~AMicrosoftapplicationusedtoconnectto
SharepointServicesandOfficeLiveWorkspacesfromtheMac.
DocumentDeletionPolicy(PN)~Acollectionofrulestoautomaticallydeletedocuments
inasitecollectionwithinaspecifiedtimeperiod.Deletionpoliciescanbeassignedtoa
sitecollectionorasitecollectiontemplate.Siteadministratorscanthenselectspecific
deletionpoliciesandrules,andapplytodocumentlibrariesintheirsite.
documentelement(n)~TheelementinanXMLdocumentthatcontainsallother
elements.Itisthetop-levelelementofanXMLdocumentandmustbethefirstelementin
thedocument.
documentelement(n)~Areusablepieceofcontent,formattinginformationorother
documentpartsthatarestoredingalleries.
DocumentExplorer(n)~AutilityinWindowsthatenablestheusertolocateandopen
filesandfolders.
DocumentFingerprinting(PN)~Afeaturethatconvertsastandardformintoasensitive
informationtype,whichcanthenbeusedtodefinetransportrulesandDataLoss
Protection(DLP)policies.Forexample,anadminmightcreateadocumentfingerprint
basedonablank1040EZtaxform,andthencreateaDLPpolicythatdetectsall1040EZ
formswithsensitivecontentfilledin.
DocumentID(n)~Aunique,persistentidentifierassignedtoadocumentorotheritemin
SharePointServerthatallowsittobereferencedandretrievedregardlessofitslocation.
DocumentIDLookupURL(n)~AURLthatisbasedonaqueryusingtheDocumentID
ratherthanthephysicallocationoftheitem.
DocumentInformationPanel(n)~Apanethatdisplaysdocumentpropertyinformation
forWord,Excel,andPowerPointfilesstoredinaWSSlibrary.Thepaneisdisplayed
belowtheribbonandisactuallyahostedcustomInfoPathform.Informationissynced
automaticallybetweenthedocumentandtheWSSlibrary.
DocumentInspector(n)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstocheckandremovepersonaland
othersensitiveinformationfromadocument.
DocumentIntegrity(PN)~Afeaturethatensuresthatallcomponentsofafileare
preserved,eveniftheyaresupportedonlybytherichclientandnotviewableinWeb
Companions.
documentlibrary(n)~AlocationonaSharePointsitewhereacollectionoffilesand
theirassociatedmetadataarestored.
documentmanagement(n)~ThecapabilitytoviewandmanageSharePointdocuments
fromMicrosoftDynamicsCRM.
documentmanagementsystem(n)~Anapplicationserviceforstoringandhandlingan
organization’sdocuments.
DocumentManager(PN)~Abusinessapplicationthatcontainsadocumentlibraryanda
picturelibraryandisusedtostore,share,andmonitortheversionsofbusinessdocuments
inacentrallocation.
DocumentMap(n)~Averticalpanealongtheleftedgeofthedocumentwindowthat
displaysanoutlineofthedocument’sheadings,andenablestheusertonavigatetoor
manipulatedifferentpartsofthedocument.
DocumentObjectModel(PN)~AWorldWideWebConsortiumspecificationthat
describesthestructureofdynamicHTMLandXMLdocumentsinawaythatallowsthem
tobemanipulatedthroughaWebbrowser.
documentparsing(n)~Theprocessofdetectingthefiletypeofanitemduringcontent
processing,andconvertingtheitemtotext.
documentprofile(n)~Asetofpropertiesappliedtosimilardocumentsinthebackward-
compatibledocumentlibrary.
documentproperties(n)~Properties,suchastitle,subject,andauthor,thatarestored
witheachdataaccesspage.
DocumentReview(n)~AfeatureinOfficeServerthatprovidesaworkflowfordocument
review.
documentroot(n)~TherootdirectoryforaWebsite,wherethecontentfilesarestored.
In(IIS),thehomedirectoryandallitssubdirectoriesareavailabletousersbydefault.
Also,therootdirectoryforanIISservice.Typically,thehomedirectoryforasitecontains
thehomepage.
documentservice(n)~Specifiestheservicesthathavebeensetupfordocumentstorage
andusage.
documentservices(n)~Theapplicationintegrationservicesthatprovidecreate,read,
update,delete,andfindoperationsforXMLdocumentsmappedusinganApplication
ObjectTree(AOT)queryelement.
documentset(n)~Aspecialtypeoffolderthatenablesuserstomanageadeliverableor
workproductspanningmultipledocumentsasasingleentity.
documentstencil(n)~Astencilstoredinadrawingfilethatcontainsaninventoryofthe
mastersusedinallofthedrawingsinthefile.Mastersonthedocumentstencilarelinked
totheirinstancesinthedrawings.
documenttemplate(n)~Afilethatcontainssomepre-definedformatting,layout,and/or
textandgraphicsandthatservesasthebasisfornewdocumentswithasimilarlookor
purpose.
documenttype(n)~Adesignationthatidentifiesadocument’spurpose.
documenttypedefinition(n)~Asetofsyntaxrulesformark-uptagsandtheir
interpretation.WithinanHTML(orXML)document,aDTDprovidesspecific
informationonwhattagsareusedinthedocument(andinwhatorderthosetagsshould
appear),whichtagscanappearinsideotherones,whichtagshaveattributes,andsoforth.
OriginallydevelopedforusewithStandardGeneralizedMarkupLanguage(SGML),DTD
definestherelationshipsbetweendocumentelements.
DocumentVirtualFolder(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertogroupfilesbyanycriteria
anddisplaytheminoneplace.
documentwindow(n)~Inwindowingenvironments,suchastheAppleMacintoshand
MicrosoftWindows,anon-screenwindow(enclosedworkarea)inwhichtheusercan
create,view,orworkonadocument.
DocumentWorkspace(n)~AWebsitebasedontheDocumentWorkspacetemplatethat
workspacemembersusefordiscussing,editing,andworkingtogetheronadocument.
DocumentWorkspacesite(n)~AWebsitebasedontheDocumentWorkspacetemplate
thatworkspacemembersusefordiscussing,editing,andworkingtogetheronadocument.
documentation(n)~Theinformationprovidedwithaproductbyamanufacturer
describinghowtouseaproduct.
document-basedcontenttype(n)~Acontenttypethatinheritssettingsfromabase
contenttypethatwasdesignedfordocumentlibraries.
document-centric(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofanoperatingsystemin
whichtheuseropensdocumentfilesandthusautomaticallyinvokestheapplications(such
aswordprocessorsorspreadsheetprograms)thatprocessthem.Manygraphicaluser
interfaces,suchastheMacintoshFinder,aswellastheWorldWideWeb,aredocument-
centric.
DocumentDB(PN)~Acloud-first/cloud-onlyservicethatispartoftheDataServices
servicefamilyandprovidesscalabilitywithNoSQL/schema-lessdatabasetechnology.
document-levelcustomization(n)~Asupplementalprogramthatmodifiesoradds
functionalitytoanexistingprogramorapplication,butonlywhenaspecificdocumentis
open.
Documents(PN)~Thelinktothefreeonlineworkspaceforaccessing,editing,and
sharingExcel,Word,PowerPointandOneNotedocumentsacrossyourPC,smartphone,
andwebbrowser.
doingbusinessas(Adverb)~Theassumed,fictitiousnameunderwhichanorganization
isregisteredintheUnitedStates.
doingbusinessasname(n)~Theregistrationofanassumed,fictitious,ortradename
underwhichabusinessoperates,whichmustbeincludedonU.S.taxreports.IntheU.S.,
anybusinessthatoperatesunderanameotherthanapersonalorcorporatelegalname
mustregisteraDBAnamewiththeappropriategovernmentagency.
dollarsign(n)~The$character.
DOLLARSIGN(n)~The$character.
DOM(PN)~AWorldWideWebConsortiumspecificationthatdescribesthestructureof
dynamicHTMLandXMLdocumentsinawaythatallowsthemtobemanipulated
throughaWebbrowser.
DOMExplorer(n)~Atoolusedtoseethestateofyourwebpage’sDOM(Document
ObjectModel),examineHTMLstructureandCSSstyles,andtestchangestosolve
displayissues.
domain(n)~Thesetofpossiblevaluesthatyoucanspecifyforanindependentvariablein
afunction,orforadatabaseattribute.
domain(n)~IntheInternetandothernetworks,thehighestsubdivisionofadomainname
inanetworkaddress,whichidentifiesthetypeofentityowningtheaddress(forexample,
.comforcommercialusersor.eduforeducationalinstitutions)orthegeographical
locationoftheaddress(forexample,.frforFranceor.sgforSingapore).Thedomainis
thelastpartoftheaddress(forexample,www.acm.org).
domain(n)~Acollectionofcomputersinanetworkedenvironmentthatshareacommon
database,directorydatabase,ortree.Adomainisadministeredasaunitwithcommon
rulesandprocedures,whichcanincludesecuritypolicies,andeachdomainhasaunique
name.
domain(n)~Asetofrecordsdefinedbyatable,aquery,oranSQLexpression.
domain(n)~InActiveDirectory,acollectionofcomputer,user,andgroupobjects
definedbytheadministrator.Theseobjectsshareacommondirectorydatabase,security
policies,andsecurityrelationshipswithotherdomains.
domain(n)~InDNS,anytreeorsubtreewithintheDNSnamespace.
Domain~Aninternetaddressownedbyacompany,organisationorindividual,suchas
jonstorm.com,nasa.govorbbc.co.uk.SeealsoTLD,-Howwebaddresseswork.
domain~Theuniquenamethatidentifiesaninternetsite.Domainnamesalwayshave
twoormorepartsseparatedbydots.
domainadministrator(n)~ApersonwhoisamemberoftheDomainAdminsgroup.
Domainadministratorscancreate,delete,andmanageallobjectsthatresidewithinthe
domaininwhichtheyareadministrators.Theycanalsoassignandresetpasswordsand
delegateadministrativeauthorityfornetworkresourcestoothertrustedusers.
domainclass(n)~Adiagramelementthatrepresentsaclassinadomain-specific
language.
domainconfiguration(n)~AconfigurationobjectthatisusedtomodelActiveDirectory
domains.
domainconsolidation(n)~Theprocessofcombiningtwoormoredomainsintoalarger
domain.
domaincontext(n)~Aclient-siderepresentationofadomainservice.
domaincontroller(n)~InanActiveDirectoryforest,aserverthatcontainsawritable
copyoftheActiveDirectorydatabase,participatesinActiveDirectoryreplication,and
controlsaccesstonetworkresources.
domainenrollment(n)~TheprocessofjoiningaWindowsMobilepowereddevicetoa
companydomain.
domainentity(n)~Aconceptualstructurethatrepresentsanindependententitythatis
capableofseparateexistence.
domainevent(n)~Theoccurrenceofanactivityintheorganizationresource
managementdomain.
DomainFolderSharingWizard(n)~Awizardthatguidestheuserthroughsharinga
folderwithmembersofthesamedomain.
domainfunction(n)~Afunction,suchasDAvgorDMax,thatisusedtocalculate
statisticsoverasetofrecords(adomain).
domainhighlighting(n)~AnInternetExplorerfeaturewherethedomainofthesiteyou
arevisitingisdarkerandtherestoftheURLislighter.
domainintegrity(n)~Thevalidityofentriesforaspecificcolumnofdata.
domainjoin(n)~TheprocessofconnectinganindividualPCtoadomain.
domainlocalgroup(n)~Asecurityordistributiongroupthatcancontainuniversal
groups,globalgroups,otherdomainlocalgroupsfromitsowndomain,andaccountsfrom
anydomainintheforest.Domainlocalsecuritygroupscanbegrantedrightsand
permissionsonresourcesthatresideonlyinthesamedomainwherethedomainlocal
groupislocated.
DomainManager(n)~Anaccountsettingspagethatisusedtomanagedomainnames.
domainname(n)~Thenamegivenbyanadministratortoacollectionofnetworked
computersthatshareacommondirectory.PartoftheDNSnamingstructure,domain
namesconsistofasequenceofnamelabelsseparatedbyperiods.
domainnameregistrar(n)~Theownerofthecustomerrelationshipwithcustomerswho
buysecond-leveldomains.Theremaybemanyregistrarsforasingletop-leveldomain.
Registrarsmaintaindetailedcustomerinformationintheirdatabases,suchasthe
customer’scontactaddress,telephonenumber,ande-mailaddress.Customersusually
managetheirsecond-leveldomainsattheregistrar’sWebsite,andtheregistrarupdatesthe
registrydatabasewhennecessary(forexample,whenacustomerrenewsadomainname).
domainnameregistry(n)~Anorganizationthatcontrolsatop-leveldomain.Althoughit
doesnotowntherelationshipwiththecustomer(adomainnameregistrardoes),itkeeps
basicinformationaboutsecond-leveldomainsinitsdatabase,suchasthedomain’s
registrationdate,expirationdate,lock’status
domainnamereseller(n)~Theentitythatresellsdomainnamesfromaregistrar.For
example,OfficeLiveSmallBusinessisaresellerofdomainnamesprovidedbythe
registrarMelbourneIT.
domainnameserver(n)~AserverthatmaintainsinformationaboutaportionoftheDNS
databaseandthatrespondstoandresolvesDNSqueries.
DomainNameService(n)~TheInternetutilitythatimplementstheDomainName
System.DNSservers,alsocallednameservers,maintaindatabasescontainingthe
addressesandareaccessedtransparentlytotheuser.
DomainNameSystem(n)~Ahierarchical,distributeddatabasethatcontainsmappingsof
DNSdomainnamestovarioustypesofdata,suchasIPaddresses.DNSenablesthe
locationofcomputersandservicesbyuser-friendlynames,anditalsoenablesthe
discoveryofotherinformationstoredinthedatabase.
DomainNameSystemresolver(n)~AsoftwarefeaturethatcommunicateswithDNS
serverstocreateandresolvename-resolutionqueries.DNSresolversexistonDNSclients
andDNSservers.
domainnamespace(n)~ThedatabasestructureusedbyDNS.
domainnamingmaster(n)~Adomaincontrollerthatholdsthedomainnaming
operationsmasterroleinActiveDirectory.Thedomainnamingmastercontrolsthe
additionorremovalofdomainsintheforest.Atanytime,thedomainnamingmasterrole
canbeassignedtoonlyonedomaincontrollerintheforest.
domainnetwork(n)~AnetworklocationvaluethatisdisplayedintheNetworkand
SharingCenter.Thissettingspecifiesthatthenetworkconnectionisconnectedtoan
organizationnetworkthatincludesdomains.Otherpossiblenetworklocationvaluesare
publicnetworkandhomenetwork.Eachlocationvaluehasadifferentsetofsecurityand
othersettingsdesignedtoprovidetheuserwiththebestconnectivityandtheappropriate
securitylevelsfortheconnection.Fordomainnetworklocations,network,connectivity,
andsecuritysettingsaredeterminedbythenetworkadministrators.
domainoperation(n)~Amethodonadomainservicethatisexposedtoaclient
application.Itenablesclientapplicationstoperformanactionontheentitysuchas,query,
update,insert,ordeleterecords.
domainredelegation(n)~Theprocessoftellingyourcurrentdomainnameregistrarto
pointyourdomainnametoanewWebsite.Youdothisbychangingthenameserver
informationatyourdomainnameregistrar.Whenyouredelegateadomain,yourdomain
nameregistrationremainswithyourcurrentregistrarandyouwillcontinuetobe
responsiblefordomainnamefeesandrenewalwiththatorganization.
domainrelationship(n)~Adiagramelementthatrepresentsanembeddingorreference
relationshipinadomain-specificlanguage.
domainrole(n)~Abehaviorpatternthatisassumedbydomainentitieswhen
participatinginrolerelationships.
domainservice(n)~Aservicethatencapsulatesthebusinesslogicofanapplication.It
exposesasetofrelateddomainoperationsinaservicelayer.
DomainServicesHours(n)~Aunitofmeasureforbillingusageofthedomainservices
serviceinAzure
domainsettings(n)~Thesettings,relatedtothedomain,auserneedstoconfiguretoget
messagingupandrunning.
domaintransfer(n)~Theprocessoftransferringyourdomainnameregistrationfromone
registrartoanother.
domaintree(n)~InDNS,theinvertedhierarchicaltreestructurethatisusedtoindex
domainnames.Domaintreesaresimilarinpurposeandconcepttothedirectorytreesused
bycomputerfilingsystemsfordiskstorage.Forexample,whennumerousfilesarestored
ondisk,directoriescanbeusedtoorganizethefilesintologicalcollections.Whena
domaintreehasoneormorebranches,eachbranchcanorganizedomainnamesusedin
thenamespaceintologicalcollections.
domaintree(n)~InActiveDirectory,ahierarchicalstructureofoneormoredomains,
connectedbytransitive,bidirectionaltrusts,thatformsacontiguousnamespace.Multiple
domaintreescanbelongtothesameforest.
domain-basednamespace(n)~AtypeofDistributedFileSystem(DFS)namespacein
whichthenamespaceinformationisstoredinActiveDirectoryandreplicatedtoother
namespaceservers.
Domainspage(n)~Thepagewherecustomeradministratorsactivateandcustomize
filteringservicesatthedomainlevel.
DomainsQuickstart(n)~TheOffice365webworkflowthatleadssmallbusiness
customersstep-by-stepthroughaddingadomainandsettingupuser.Theyfindthis
throughclickingAddauserorAddadomainintheGettingStartedexperience.
domain-specificlanguage(n)~Acustomlanguagethattargetsaproblemdomainand
definestheproblematahighlevelofabstraction.
domestic(adj)~Withinthebordersofone’sowncountry/region.
dominantcontrol(n)~Thecontroltowhichotherselectedcontrolsarealignedandsized.
Whenaligningcontrols,selectedcontrolsaligntothedominantcontrol.Whensizing
controls,selectedcontrolsareassignedthedimensionsofthedominantcontrol.
donation(n)~Agiftorcontributionofmoney,time,goodsorservices.
Done(oth)~Indicatesthatacertaintaskiscomplete.
dongle(n)~Asecuritydeviceconnectedtoaninput/outputporttopermittheuseofa
particularsoftwarepackageonthatcomputer.Theuseofthehardwarekeyhashpermits
backupcopyingofsoftwarebutpreventsitsunlicenseduseonadditionalcomputers.
Dongle~Asmallhardwaredeviceusedforcopyprotectionwithsomesoftware.The
donglemustbepluggedintoaportonthecomputer,oftentheprinterport,orthesoftware
won’tfunction.Theyareunpopularwithusersbecauseifthedonglegetslostorbroken,
thesoftwarewon’tfunction.
dormantsession(n)~Sessioninpre-loginstate.Sessionscanbeinitiatedorendedto
modifytheirstate,buttheygenerallyremainineitherasleep/idle’state
DoS(n)~Anattemptbyamalicious(orunwitting)user,process,orsystemtoprevent
legitimateusersfromaccessingaresource(usuallyanetworkservice)byexploitinga
weaknessordesignlimitationinaninformationsystem.
DOS(n)~Agenerictermdescribinganyoperatingsystemthatisloadedfromdiskdevices
whenthesystemisstartedorrebooted.
DOS~(DiskOperatingSystem;pr.‘doss’)UsuallyreferstoMS-DOS,whichwasthe
standardoperatingsystemforPCsuntil-Windows95-cameout,nowprettymuch
obsolete.Controlledbytypingintextcommandsandhasseveralseriouslimitations,but
requiresamuchlesspowerfulcomputerthanWindows95.
DoS~(DenialofService)-Aformofattackon(usually)aninternetservice,whichaims
topreventtheservicefromoperatingproperly,oftenbybombardingitwithmore
informationthanitcanprocess.Seealso-Mailbomb.
dotsperinch(n)~Thestandardusedtomeasurescreenandprinterresolution,expressed
asthenumberofdotsthatadevicecandisplayorprintperlinearinch.Thegreaterthe
numberofdotsperinch,thebettertheresolution.
DOTTEDOBELOS(n)~AUNICODEcharacter;commercialminussignthatresembles
apercentagesign(%)withthesmallcirclesreplacedbysmallerdots.
doublebang(n)~Adoublenegationoperator(!!),usedtoforceaBooleanreturnvalue.
doublebytecharacterset(n)~Acharactersetthatcanusemorethanonebyteto
representasinglecharacter.ADBCSincludessomecharactersthatconsistof1byteand
somecharactersthatconsistof2bytes.LanguagessuchasChinese,Japanese,andKorean
useDBCS.
DoubleDataRateSynchronousDRAM(n)~AtypeofSDRAMthatsupportsdata
transfersonbothedgesofeachclockcycle(therisingandfallingedges),effectively
doublingthememorychip’sdatathroughput.
Doubledatatype(n)~Afundamentaldatatypethatholdsdouble-precisionfloating-point
numbers.It’sstoredasa64-bitnumberranginginvaluefromapproximately-1.797E308
to-4.940E-324(negative),from4.94E-324to1.797E308(positive),and0.
doubledensitydisk(n)~Adiskcreatedtoholddataattwicethedensity(bitsperinch)of
apreviousgenerationofdisks.EarlyIBMPCfloppydisksheld180KBofdata.Double-
densitydisksincreasedthatcapacityto360KB.Double-densitydisksusemodified
frequencymodulationencodingforstoringdata.
doubleentryaccounting(n)~Anaccountingprocessinwhichequalcreditanddebit
amountsareenteredforeachtransaction.
double-bytecharacterset(n)~Acharactersetthatcanusemorethanonebyteto
representasinglecharacter.ADBCSincludessomecharactersthatconsistof1byteand
somecharactersthatconsistof2bytes.LanguagessuchasChinese,Japanese,andKorean
useDBCS.
double-bytecharacters(n)~Asetofcharactersinwhicheachcharacterisrepresentedby
twobytes.Somelanguages,suchasJapanese,Chinese,andKorean,requiredouble-byte
charactersets.
double-click(v)~Topressandreleaseamousebuttontwiceinrapidsuccessionwithout
movingthemouse.Double-clickingisameansofrapidlyselectingandactivatinga
programorprogramfeature.
double-densitydisk(n)~Adiskcreatedtoholddataattwicethedensity(bitsperinch)of
apreviousgenerationofdisks.EarlyIBMPCfloppydisksheld180KBofdata.Double-
densitydisksincreasedthatcapacityto360KB.Double-densitydisksusemodified
frequencymodulationencodingforstoringdata.
double-hopconnection(n)~Aconnectionthatgoesfromonecomputertoanother
computertoathirdone.
double-peakcontour(n)~Acontourthatcontainstwohighpointsinthecurve.
double-precision(adj)~Characteristicofanumberstoredintwicetheamount(two
words;typically8bytes)ofcomputermemorythatisrequiredforstoringalessprecise
(single-precision)number.Commonlyhandledbyacomputerinfloating-pointform.
double-precisionfloating-pointformat(n)~Acomputernumberformatthatoccupies8
bytes(64bits)incomputermemoryandrepresentsawidedynamicrangeofvaluesby
usingfloatingpoint.
double-tap(v)~Totaptwicequicklyonascreenortouchpad.
doughnutchart(n)~Achartthatdisplaysdatainrings,whereeachringrepresentsadata
series.
downcast(n)~Anexpressionthatmodifiesanobjecttypeintothetypeofaderivedclass.
download(v)~Totransferacopyofafilefromaremotedevicetoarequestingdeviceby
meansofamodemornetwork.
download(n)~Thetransferofacopyofafilefromaremotedevicetoarequestingdevice
bymeansofamodemornetwork.
download(n)~Usuallyapps,games,andmusicdownloadedfromWindowsPhoneStore.
Download~Totransferinformation(files)fromanetwork(suchastheInternet)ontoa
user’sPC.Seealso-upload.
downloadcache(n)~Acachethatispartoftheassemblycacheandstorescode
downloadedfromInternetorintranetsites,isolatedtotheapplicationthatcausedthe
downloadsothatcodedownloadedonbehalfofoneapplicationorpagedoesnotimpact
otherapplications.
DownloadFile(n)~ApieceofcontentthatCustomerscansavetotheirlocalmachine
fromParaturethatishostedontheSupportPortal.
DownloadManager(n)~AfeaturethatlistsfilesdownloadedfromtheInternet,shows
thelocationofeachdownloadedfile,andallowstheusertopausedownloads,openfiles,
andtakeotheractions.
downloadpackageforWindowsLibraryforJavaScript(PN)~Thesetoftoolsand
APIsforJavaScriptdevelopersthatisdeliveredinVisualStudioanddownloadablefrom
theweb.
downloadablefont(n)~Asetofcharactersthatarecopiedfromacomputersdisktoa
printersmemorywhenrequestedforprintingadocument.Downloadablefontsaremost
commonlyusedwithlaserprinters,althoughdotmatrixprinterscanacceptsomeofthem.
downloader(n)~AtrojanthataccessesremoteWebsitesinordertodownloadandinstall
maliciousorpotentiallyunwantedsoftwaretothecomputerthattheTrojanhasinfected.
download-onlyarticle(n)~Anarticleinamergepublicationthatcanbeupdatedonlyat
thePublisherorataSubscriberthatusesaserversubscription.
Downloads(PN)~ThelinktothesitetodownloadclientversionsofWindowsLive
productssuchasWindowsLiveMail,WindowsLiveMessenger,etc.
downsample(v)~Todecreasethenumberofaudiosamplesorpixels,byapplyingan
operationsuchasaveraging.Popularinternetmusicformats,suchasMP3,usedown-
samplingtoreducefilesize.
downstream(Adverb)~Pertainingtothedirectioninwhichthesignalflowissentfrom
thehead-endstation(orcentraloffice),towardsthesubscriber(orfront-end),ona
network.
downtime(n)~Theamountorpercentageoftimeacomputersystemorassociated
hardwareremainsnonfunctional.Althoughdowntimecanoccurbecausehardwarefails
unexpectedly,itcanalsobeascheduledevent,aswhenanetworkisshutdowntoallow
timeformaintenance.
DOWNWARDSANCORA(n)~AUNICODEcharacter;supplementalpunctutation.
DPA(n)~Anadvanced,distributedmethodofuserauthenticationfromMicrosoft,
allowingforsingleuserlog-on.
DPI(n)~Thestandardusedtomeasurescreenandprinterresolution,expressedasthe
numberofdotsthatadevicecandisplayorprintperlinearinch.Thegreaterthenumberof
dotsperinch,thebettertheresolution.
dpi~(DotsPerInch)-Ameasureofpicturequality,oftenusedtomeasureprinter
capabilities.-Thehigherthenumber,thebetterthequality.
DPIawarenesslevel(n)~ThedegreetowhichanapplicationrendersonthebasisofDPI
settings.
DPIscaling(n)~Theprocessofadjustingdisplayresolutionbasedonmonitorresolution.
DPI-aware(adj)~Pertainingtoanapplicationthatiseithersystem-DPIawareorper
monitor-€“DPIaware.
DPL-enabled(oth)~CompatiblewiththeIBMDistributedProgramLink(DPL)protocol.
DPM(n)~Microsoftserversoftwarethatsupportscontinuousdisk-basedbackupand
recoveryonWindowsServer-basednetworks.
DPMAdministratorConsole(n)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)snap-in
thatprovidesaccesstotheadministrativefunctionsofDPM.DPMAdministratorConsole
allowsadministratorstoconfiguredataprotection,performdatarecoveryoperations,and
monitorandreportontheseactivities.
DPMAgentCoordinator(n)~Theservicethatmanagesinstallationanduninstallationof
theDPMprotectionagent.
DPMAlertslog(n)~AlogthatstoresDPMalertsasWindowseventssothatthealerts
canbedisplayedinMicrosoftOperationsManager(MOM).
DPMdatabase(PN)~TheSQLServerdatabasethatstoresDPMsettingsand
configurationinformation.
DPMengine(n)~Apolicy-drivenenginethatDPMusestoprotectandrecoverdata.
DPMFileAgentservice(n)~ThecomponentofDPMthatsynchronizesreplicasof
protectedvolumeswiththedatasources.TheDPMFileAgentservicereceiveschangesto
protecteddatafromthefileserversandappliesthechangestothereplicasontheDPM
server.
DPMManagementPack(PN)~Alicensedsetofprocessingrules,filters,andalerts,
whichcanbeimportedontoaMOMManagementServertoenableanadministratorto
centrallymonitordataprotection,state,health,andperformanceofmultipleDPMservers
inMicrosoftSystemCenter.
DPMManagementShell(n)~Thecommandshell,basedonWindowsPowerShell
(Powershell.exe),thatmakesavailablethecmdletsthatperformfunctionsinData
ProtectionManager.
DPMprotectionagent(n)~Software,installedonaserver,thattrackschangesto
protecteddataandtransfersthechangestotheDPMserver.Theprotectionagentalso
identifiesdataonaserverthatcanbeprotectedandisinvolvedintherecoveryprocess.
DPMprotectionagentservice(n)~ThecomponentofDPMthatsynchronizesreplicasof
protecteddatawiththedatasources.TheDPMprotectionagentservicereceiveschanges
toprotecteddatafromtheserversandappliesthechangestothereplicasontheDPM
server.
DPMrole(n)~Thegroupingofusers,objects,andpermissionsthatisusedbyDPM
administratorstomanageDPMfeaturesthatareusedbyendusers.
DPMSelf-ServiceToolforSQLServer(PN)~AtoolforSQLServerthatenables
backupadministratorstoauthorizeenduserstorecoverbackupsofSQLServerdatabases
fromDPM,withoutfurtheractionfromthebackupadministrator.
DPMservice(n)~ThecorecomponentofDPM.TheDPMservicemanagesallcoreDPM
operations,includingreplicacreation,synchronization,andshadowcopycreation.
DPMSRT(PN)~SoftwareprovidedwithDPMtofacilitateaWindowsServer2003bare
metalrecoveryfortheDPMserverandthecomputersthatDPMprotects.
DPMSSTforSQLServer(PN)~AtoolforSQLServerthatenablesbackup
administratorstoauthorizeenduserstorecoverbackupsofSQLServerdatabasesfrom
DPM,withoutfurtheractionfromthebackupadministrator.
DPMSystemRecoveryTool(PN)~SoftwareprovidedwithDPMtofacilitateaWindows
Server2003baremetalrecoveryfortheDPMserverandthecomputersthatDPM
protects.
DPMWriterservice(n)~AservicethatmanagesbackupshadowcopiesofDPM
replicas,andbackupsoftheDPMandReportdatabases,forpurposesofdataarchival.The
DPMWriterserviceisinvokedbytheDpmBackupcommand-linetool.
DPMADSchemaExtension(PN)~Acommand-linetoolthatenablesaschema
administratortoconfigureActiveDirectoryforthepurposeofenablingend-userrecovery.
DpmBackup(PN)~Acommand-linetoolthatenablesanadministratortoarchivethe
contentsofaDPMserverbyusingtapebackupsoftwarethatisnotspecificallydesigned
forusewithDPM.
DPMDBReadersgroup(n)~Agroup,createdduringDPMinstallation,thatcontainsall
accountsthathaveread-onlyaccesstotheDPMdatabase.TheDPMReportaccountisa
memberofthisgroup.
DpmPathMerge(PN)~Acommand-linetoolthatremovesextraneouspathinformation
fromdatathathasbeenrestoredtoaDPMserverfromtape.
DPMReportaccount(n)~TheaccountthattheWebandNTservicesofSQLServer
ReportingServicesusetoaccesstheDPMdatabase.Thisaccountiscreatedwhenan
administratorconfiguresDPMreporting.
DpmSync(PN)~Acommand-linetoolthatprovidesdisasterrecoveryfunctionalityfor
DPM.DpmSyncrestorestheDPMdatabaseandtheReportdatabase,andsynchronizesthe
DPMdatabasewiththestateofthestoragepoolandtheinstalledDPMFileAgents.
DPS(n)~AserviceinWindowsthatimprovereliabilitybydetectingimpendingfailures
andtakingactiontohandlethembyeitherinitiatingautomaticcorrectiveactionorlogging
theappropriatediagnosticinformationforlaterrootcauseanalysis,and/ornotifyingthe
userofanimpendingfailure.
DPSDatabase(n)~TheSQLServerdatabasethatstoresDPMsettingsandconfiguration
information.
DQS(PN)~Aknowledge-baseddata-qualitysystemthatenablesuserstoperform
knowledgediscoveryandmanagement,datacleansing,datamatching,integrationwith
referencedataservices,andintegratedprofiling.
draft(n)~Apreliminaryversion.
Draft(n)~Astatusthatindicatesanarticleisbeingwritten.
draftquality(n)~Alowgradeofprintinggeneratedbythedraftmodeondot-matrix
printers.Draftqualityvariesamongprinters,rangingfromsuitableformostpurposesto
nearlyuseless.
draftview(n)~Aviewthatshowstextformattingandasimplifiedpagelayout.
drag(v)~Tomoveanitemonthescreen(1)bytouchingtheitemonascreenandthen
slidingthefingeracrossthescreenor(2)bypressingandholdingdowntheleftmouse
buttonwhilemovingthemouse.
drag~Tomoveanimageorawindowfromoneplaceonthescreentoanotherby
grabbingitwithamouseorotherpointingdeviceandpullingittoanewlocation.
drag-and-drop(adj)~Pertainingtoanoperationorfeaturethatinvolvesmovingobjects
onthescreenwithamouse,asimilarinputdeviceoraeventuallyafinger.
DRAM(n)~Aformofsemiconductorrandomaccessmemory(RAM).
draw(v)~Toprepareabillofexchangeorapromissorynote.
DrawFreehandtool(n)~Anannotationtoolusedtodrawlines,arrowsandshapesona
slide.
DrawTexttool(n)~Anannotationtoolusedtoaddnotesorcommentstoaslide.
drawing(n)~Anyinkthatyouaddtoafilethatisnotrecognizedashandwriting.
drawingbrush(n)~Atilebrushthatpaintsanareawithshapes,text,images,andvideo.
drawingcanvas(n)~Anareauponwhichyoucandrawmultipleshapes.Becausethe
shapesarecontainedwithinthedrawingcanvas,theycanbemovedandresizedasaunit.
drawingcontainer(n)~InSVG,anelementthatgroupsgraphicselements,usedasa
partialcanvas.
DrawingExchangeFormat(n)~Acomputer-aideddesignfileformatoriginally
developedbyAutodesk;forusewiththeAutoCADprogramtofacilitatetransferof
graphicsfilesbetweendifferentapplications.
DrawingExplorer(n)~Awindowthatshowsahierarchicalviewofadocumentand
updatestoreflectthecurrentdrawinghierarchyasitems(suchasshapesorpages)are
addedordeleted.
drawingfile(n)~AVisiofilewitha.vsdextensionthatcontainsadrawing.
drawingguide(n)~Aguideusedtopositionshapesandobjectsonslides.
drawingobject(n)~Anygraphicyoudraworinsert,whichcanbechangedand
enhanced.DrawingobjectsincludeAutoShapes,curves,lines,andWordArt.
drawingpage(n)~Thepageinadrawingwindowthatcontainsadrawing.Apagecanbe
eitheraforegroundorabackgroundpage.Eachpagehasasize,whichusually
correspondstoastandardpapersize,andithasascale.
drawingscale(n)~Theratioofdistanceontheprintedpagetodistancesintherealworld.
Forexample,adrawingscaleof1cm=1mmeansthat1centimeterontheprintedpage
represents1meterintherealworld.
drawingtype(n)~AVisiofile(template)witha.vstextensionthatopenswiththe
stencils,styles,andsettingsyouneedtocreateaparticulartypeofdrawing.
DrawingSurface(PN)~Aclassthatdefinesanareawithinwhich3-Dcontentcanbe
composedandrendered.
DRC(n)~Acacheofrecentrequests,usedbymostNFSversion3protocolserver
implementations,fortheprocessingofduplicatenon-idempotentrequests.Theduplicate
requestcacheprovidesashort-termmemorymechanisminwhichtheoriginalcompletion
statusofarequestisrememberedandtheoperationattemptedonlyonce.Ifaduplicate
copyofthisrequestisreceived,thentheoriginalcompletionstatusisreturned.
DRChit(n)~Asuccessfulretrievalofarecordfromaduplicaterequestcache(DRC).
DRDA(n)~Aconnectionprotocolfordistributedrelationaldatabaseprocessingusedby
IBMrelationaldatabaseproductsthatcomprisesprotocolsforcommunicationbetweenan
applicationandaremotedatabase,andcommunicationbetweendatabases.DRDAalso
providestheconnectionsforremoteanddistributedprocessing.TheDistributedData
ManagementArchitectureprovidesthebasearchitectureforDRDA.
DREAD(n)~Arankingoftheriskthatisassociatedwithavulnerabilityorasecurity
requirement.
Dream(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#55.
Dreamweaver~Asuperbgraphicaleditorforwebsites,widelyusedbyprofessionalweb
designers.
drilldown(v)~Tonavigatethroughlevelsofdatastartingfromthemostsummarized
(up)tothemostdetailed(down).
drillthrough(n)~Afeaturethatdisplaysallrowsfromthefacttablethatcombineto
formthevalueforthatcell.Therowsresultingfromdrillthrougharedisplayedinanew
worksheetsothatyoucanviewdetaileddataforaparticularcell.
drillthrough(v)~Toexploreorbrowsethroughdataelementsthatareinthesamelevel
inahierarchy.
DrilltoDynamics(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsausertoaccesstheMicrosoftDynamics
ERPsystemfromtheaccountlevelofareporttoobtainmoreinformation.
drillup(v)~Tonavigatethroughlevelsofdatastartingwithgreaterdetailandmovingto
moresummarizedinformation.
drilling(n)~Theprocessofnavigatingfromoneitemtoasetofrelateditems.Drilling
caninvolvenavigatingupordowninahierarchy,ortootherelementsatthesamelevel.
drillthrough(n)~InAnalysisServices,atechniquetoretrievethedetaileddatafrom
whichthedatainacubecellwassummarized.
drill-throughreport(n)~Asecondaryreportthatisdisplayedwhenauserclicksanitem
inareport.Detaileddataisdisplayedinthesamereport.
drive(n)~Anareaofstoragethatisformattedwithafilesystemandhasadriveletter.
Thestoragecanbeafloppydisk,aCDorDVD,aharddisk,oranothertypeofdisk.
drive(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatreadsdatafromandwritesdatatofloppydisks.
DriveExtender(n)~Astoragetechnologythatenablestheuseofinternalandexternal
harddrivesforadditionalstorageonahomeserverandallowsfolderduplicationfor
specificsharedfoldersonhomeservers.Maintainingtwocopiesofasharedfolderon
separateharddriveshelpsprotectagainstthefailureofasingleharddrive.
driveletter(n)~Thenamingconventionfordiskdrivesorpartitionsonmostcomputers,
consistingofanalphabeticalletterfollowedbyacolon.
DriveRestrictions(n)~AfeatureontheWindowsRestrictionstaboftheUserSettings
toolthatallowstheadministratortoselectwhichdrivesonthecomputerareaccessible
andvisibletotheusersoftheshareduserprofile.
drivesanitation(n)~TheforcedrecoveryofaBitLocker-protectedvolumethroughthe
removalofallthekeybinarylargeobjects(BLOBs)thatcouldhavedecryptedthedisk.
driver(n)~Softwarethatenableshardwareorperipherals(suchasaprinter,mouse,or
keyboard)toworkwithyourcomputerormobiledevice.
Driver~Asmallprogramusedbytheoperatingsystemtocontrolhardwaresuchasa
soundorvideocard.Oftendownloadingthelatestdriverforadevicefromthe
manufacturer’swebsitewillimproveitsfunctionality.
driverinjection(n)~Theprocessofinstallingmassstoragedriversintoanoffline
Windowsinstallation,suchasfromWindowsPreinstallationEnvironment(WinPE)intoa
restoredsystem.
driverkey(n)~Asystem-generated,device-specific,registrysubkeythatcontains
informationaboutthedriversoftwareassociatedwithadevice.
driverpackage(n)~Acollectionoffilesthatcompriseadriver.
DriverProjectConversionTool(PN)~Atooltohelpdriverdevelopersconverttheir
existingdriversourcefilesintoWindows8devicedriversbyusingVisualStudio.
driverprotectionlist(n)~Alistofdriversknowntocauseinstabilitieswheninstalled
underMicrosoftWindowsXPandlaterversions.Thelistischeckedatthefollowing
times:duringinstallationofWindows;eachtimethesystemisrebooted;eachtimea
deviceorapplicationisinstalled.
driverreflection(n)~Theprocessbywhichadriverfileiscopiedtoalocationonthe
destinationcomputerandthecorrespondingserviceiscreated.
driverstack(n)~Adeviceobjectthatforwardsinput/outputrequestobjects(IRPs)to
otherdeviceobjects.Stackingalwaysoccursfromthebottomupandistakendownfrom
thetop.
Drivingmode(PN)~Asettingtominimizedistractionswhiledriving.
drivingresource(n)~Theresourcewhoseassignmenttoataskdeterminesthefinishdate
ofthetask.
DRM(n)~Anytechnologyusedtoprotecttheinterestsofownersofdigitalcontentand
services(suchascopyrightowners).Typically,authorizedrecipientsorusersmustacquire
alicenseinordertousethecontent.
DRM~(DigitalRightsManagement)-Softwareintendedtopreventtheunauthorised
duplicationofcopyrightedaudio,videoorsoftware.Unpopularwithusersbecauseifthere
iseveraproblemwithit,suchastherightsmanagementcompanyfolding,yourlegally-
purchasedcontentbecomesunplayable.Followingalotofproblemsofthiskindithas
largelybeenabandonedbythemusicindustry.
DRMcomponent(n)~Thecomponentofaplayerthathandlesallfunctionsofdigital
rightsmanagement,suchasdecryptingpackagedfilesorinitiatinglicenseacquisition.
DRMLicenses(in1,000s)(PN)~Theunitofmeasurefordigitalrightsmanagement
licensesinunitsof1,000.
drop(v)~Toremoveanassociationorconnection.
droparea(n)~AnareainaPivotTableorPivotChartreportwhereyoucandropfields
fromtheFieldListdialogboxtodisplaythedatainthefield.Thelabelsoneachdroparea
indicatethetypesoffieldsyoucancreateinthereport.
dropcap(n)~Alargecapitalletteratthebeginningofatextblockthatoccupiesthe
verticaldepthoftwoormorelinesofregulartext.
dropdirectory(n)~AdiskdirectoryinwhichanSMTPservicecandepositincoming
mailmessages.
dropfolder(n)~IntheMacintoshenvironment,afolderforwhichyouhavetheMake
ChangespermissionbutnottheSeeFilesorSeeFolderspermission.Youcancopyfiles
intoadropfolder,butyoucannotseewhatfilesandsubfoldersthedropfoldercontains.
dropfolder(n)~Thelocationwherethebuiltbinaries,buildlogfilesandthetestresults
logfilesarepublishedduringthebuildprocess.
droplines(n)~Inlineandareacharts,linesthatextendfromadatapointtothecategory
(x)axis.Usefulinareachartstoclarifywhereonedatamarkerendsandthenextbegins.
DropOffLibrary(PN)~ASharePointdocumentlibrarywhereuserscanuploadfilesthat
arethenroutedautomaticallytothecorrectlibraryorfolderinthesitebaseduponrules
definedbythesiteadministrator.
dropshadow(n)~Ashadedoutlinethatappearsbehindanobjectortextandcreatesthe
illusionofdepth.
dropshipment(n)~Thedeliveryofgoodsdirectlyfromthevendortothecustomer.
droptarget(n)~Thetargetofadrag-and-dropoperation.
dropzonearea(n)~TheareaintheAdd-inforExcelAuthoringpanewheretheusercan
draganddropdimensionstoandfromtheFilters,Columns,andRowsboxes.
dropbox~DropboxisaWeb-basedfilehostingserviceoperatedbyDropbox,Inc.that
usescloudstoragetoenableuserstostoreandsharefilesandfolderswith
others.http://www.dropbox.com/
drop-downarrow(n)~Anarrowassociatedwithadrop-downcomboorlistboxorsome
toolbarbuttons,indicatingalisttheusercanviewbyclickingthearrow.
drop-downbutton(n)~Acommandbuttonthatisclickedtodisplayadrop-downmenu
insteadofperformingacommand.
drop-downcombobox(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatcombinesthe
characteristicsofatextboxwithadrop-downlistbox.
drop-downlist(n)~Alistthatcanbeopenedtorevealallchoicesforagivenfield.
drop-downlistbox(n)~Acontrolonamenu,toolbar,dialogbox,ordataaccesspage
thatdisplaysalistofoptionswhenyouclickthesmallarrownexttothelistbox.
drop-downmenu(n)~Amenuthatdropsfromthemenubarwhenrequestedandremains
openwithoutfurtheractionuntiltheuserclosesitorchoosesamenuitem.
dropper(n)~Atrojanthatcontainsmaliciousorpotentiallyunwantedsoftware,whichthe
trojanplacesandinstallsonthehostcomputer.
DRT(PN)~Aroutingtablewithentriesthataredistributedacrossagroupofmachines
thatcanbeusedtomapnumerickeystoapplicationendpointsandfindroutesthroughthe
networkofpeers.
DRTAPI(n)~TheApplicationProgrammingInterface(API)thatallowsapplicationsto
publishandresolvenumerickeysinapeernetwork.
DRTmesh(n)~Agroupofcomputersystemssharingacacheofroutinginformation,and
anetworkprotocolthatisusedtomapnumerickeystoapplicationendpointsandfind
routesthroughthemesh.EachnodeinaroutehasanIDnumericallyclosertothetarget
thanitspredecessor.
DRTprotocol(n)~Theprotocolusedtoexchangecacheinformationandfindroutesin
theDRTmesh.
drugallergy(n)~Anallergicreactiontoadrug.
drugorder(n)~Awrittenorderforanuserofanydrugordeviceissuedandsignedbya
practitioner.
DrugReference(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
Drugs(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
Drugs(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
Drugs(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
Drum&Bass(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#127.
DrumSolo(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#122.
DSA(n)~TheU.S.governmentstandardfordigitalsignatures,asspecifiedbythe
NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,inFIPS186,DigitalSignatureStandard.
DSAisbasedonsignatureencryptionbasedonapublicandaprivatekey.
DSCP(n)~Amarkingintheregistrythatenablespacketsthatpassthroughnetwork
devicesthatoperateonLayer3information(suchasrouters)tohavetheirrelative
prioritiesdifferentiatedfromoneanother.
DSI(PN)~AbroadMicrosoftandindustryinitiativeunitinghardware,software,and
servicevendorsaroundanewsoftwarearchitecturebasedontheSystemDefinitionModel
(SDM).
DSL(n)~Atypeofhigh-speedInternetconnectionusingstandardtelephonewires.
DSM(n)~Astoragearraymanufacturer’smodulethatincorporatesknowledgeofthe
manufacturer’shardwareandinteractswiththeMPIOdriver.TheDSMplaysacrucial
roleindeviceinitializationandI/Orequesthandling,includingI/Orequesterrorhandling.
DSML(n)~Anopen,extensible,standards-basedformatforpublishingdirectoryservice
schemasandexchangingdirectorycontents.
DSN(n)~Thecollectionofinformationusedtoconnectanapplicationtoaparticular
ODBCdatabase.
DSN(n)~AnotificationmadeupofaDSNcodeandaDSNmessage,thatreportsthe
resultofanattempttodeliverane-mailmessage.
DSNcode(n)~Athree-digitstringofnumbers,suchas5.1.2.,thatindicatesthestatusof
anattempttodeliverane-mailmessage.
DSNmessage(n)~Thetextthatexplainsthedeliverystatusofane-mailmessage,and
mayrecommenduseraction.
DSN-lessconnection(n)~Atypeofdataconnectionthatiscreatedbasedoninformation
inadatasourcename(DSN),butisstoredaspartofaprojectorapplication.
DSS(n)~Asetofprogramsandrelateddatadesignedtohelpwithanalysisanddecision
making.Adecisionsupportsystemprovidesmorehelpinformulatingdecisionsthana
managementinformationsystem(MIS)oranexecutiveinformationsystem(EIS).It
includesadatabase,abodyofknowledgeaboutthesubjectarea,alanguage’usedto
formulateproblemsandquestions
DT(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstdiphtheriaandtetanus.
DTaP(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstdiphtheria,tetanus,andpertussis(also
knownaswhoopingcough).Thetermacellularmeansthatthepertussiscomponentiscell-
free,whichimprovessafetybyreducingtheincidenceofsideeffects.
DTC(n)~AnActiveXcontrolthatisusedwhiledesigningoreditingaWebpage.Design-
timecontrolsareinstalledontheclientcomputer.
DTD(n)~Asetofsyntaxrulesformark-uptagsandtheirinterpretation.WithinanHTML
(orXML)document,aDTDprovidesspecificinformationonwhattagsareusedinthe
document(andinwhatorderthosetagsshouldappear),whichtagscanappearinsideother
ones,whichtagshaveattributes,andsoforth.OriginallydevelopedforusewithStandard
GeneralizedMarkupLanguage(SGML),DTDdefinestherelationshipsbetween
documentelements.
DTDfile(n)~AdocumenttypedefinitionthatcontainsthedefinitionsfortheGdPDU
INDEX.XMLfile.
DTE(n)~IntheRS-232-Chardwarestandard,anydevice,suchasaremoteaccessserver
orclient,thathastheabilitytotransmitinformationindigitalformoveracableora
communicationsline.
DTE(n)~Asetofinterfacesthatenabledeveloperstoprogrammaticallyachieveseveral
ofthekeytasksachievablefromtheIntegratedDevelopmentEnvironment(IDE).
DTMF(n)~Thesignalingsystemusedintelephoneswithtouchtonekeypads,inwhich
eachdigitisassociatedwithtwospecificfrequencies.
DTP(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstdiphtheria,tetanus,andpertussis(also
knownaswhoopingcough).
DTR(n)~Asignalusedinserialcommunicationssent,forexample,byacomputertoits
modemtoindicatethatthecomputerisreadytoacceptanincomingtransmission.
DTU(n)~Theaveragenumberofbits,charactersorsymbols,orblocksperunittime
passingbetweenequipmentinadatatransmissionsystem.
dualboot(n)~Acomputerconfigurationinwhichtwodifferentoperatingsystemsare
installedandeithercanbeloadedatstart-up.
DualChineseSearch(PN)~Asearchfeaturethatallowsausertoqueryonawordin
SimplifiedChineseandhaveresultsreturnedforthatwordandalsoforthesamewordin
TraditionalChinese,orviceversa.
dualcore~a-CPU-structure.Thedifferencebetweenasinglecoreanddualcoreisthata
dualcoresystemhastwoCPU’sthatareelectronicallywiredtogether.ThesetwoCPU’s
wiredtogetherinparallelgivestwicetheperformancethanthatofitssinglecore
counterpart.
Dualcore,dual-core~PC-processorswhichhavetwocompleteprocessorsonthesame
chip,allowingcomputerstohandlemultipletasksfaster.Seealsoquad-core.
dualforking(n)~AconfigurationbywhichLyncServerorOfficeCommunications
Serveroperatesinco-existencewiththePBX.
dualinlinememorymodule(n)~AtypeofmemoryboardcomprisedofRAMchips
mountedonacircuitboardwitha64-bitdatapathandpinsoneachsidethatareon
differentcircuitsandthatrespondtodifferentsignals.
Duallayer~AtechnologyallowingtwolayersofdatatobewrittentoaDVDinsteadof
theusualone,thusincreasingitscapacity.
dualstack(n)~ForWindowsCE.NET,anIPprotocolstackthatsupportsIPv4andIPv6
independentlyorjointly.TheDNSnameresolutionmayyieldbothIPv4andIPv6
addresses.Algorithmsareusedtodeterminesourceanddestinationaddresses,thus
determiningwhichstack-IPv4orIPv6-touse.
dual-screenmode(n)~Amodethatallowsusingoneapponyourmobilescreenwhile
usingadifferentapponasecondscreenthatyou’reprojectingfromthemobiledevice.
dual-tonemultiple-frequency(n)~Thesignalingsystemusedintelephoneswith
touchtonekeypads,inwhicheachdigitisassociatedwithtwospecificfrequencies.
ducking(n)~Atypeofattenuation(commonlyusedinradiomusic)whereareductionin
thevolumeofanaudiostreamistriggeredbysomeexternalevent,e.g.whenyouare
usingyourPCtoplaceorreceivephonecalls.
duedate(n)~Thedatebywhichsometaskoractionshouldbecompleted.
Duediligence~therequirementthatorganizationsmustdevelopanddeployaprotection
plantopreventfraud,abuse,andadditionaldeployameanstodetectthemiftheyoccur.
Duet(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#120.
Duetend-userapplication(n)~Asetofmetadataandcodeartifactsthattogetherenablea
specificbusinessscenarioontopofthemySAPERP2004system.Forexample,Budget
Monitoring,LeaveManagement,TeamManagement,andTimeManagementapplications.
Duetengine(PN)~AMicrosoft.NETFrameworkVersion2.0andInformationBridge
FrameworkbasedclientruntimethatinterpretsDuetend-userapplicationmetadata,
createstheend-userexperienceinMicrosoftOffice,andexecutestheapplicationlogic.
DuetEnterpriseReportTemplate(PN)~Thereusabledefinitionsofprogramsstoredin
SAPforgeneratingDuetEnterpriseReports.
DuetEnterpriseReports(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesintegrationofSAPReportswith
SharePoint2010.
DuetEnterpriseReportsReceiver(PN)~ASharePointfeaturethatmanagespublishing
andauthorizationofDuetEnterpriseReports.
DuetEnterpriseReportsRouter(PN)~ASharePointfeaturethatmanagesdistribution
ofSAPReportstovalidDuetEnterpriseReportssitesacrosstheSharePointfarm.
DuetEnterpriseReportsRoutingRule(PN)~ASharePointcontenttypefortherules
thatgoverndistributionofDuetEnterpriseReports.
DuetEnterpriseSAPRolesClaimsProvider(PN)~AfeaturethataugmentstheDuet
Enterpriseuser’sSharePointsecuritycontextwithrolesdefinedinSAP.
DuetMetadataService(n)~ADuetservercomponentthatfacilitatesthetransferof
applicationmetadatafromtheSAPsystemtotheDuetclientcomputer.
DuetRequestHandler(PN)~ADuetservercomponentthatenableshandlingandrouting
ofrequestsfromtheSAPsystemtoMicrosoftOfficeOutlookviaMicrosoftExchange
Server.
Duetschema(n)~AnXML-baseddocumentthatcontainsDuetframework-and
application-relatedinformationinaformatthattheDuetengineunderstands.
DuetSettingsManager(PN)~Anadministrativetoolthatisusedtoconfiguresettings
fortheDuetclientcomponentandtoadministerthelocalmetadatacache.Thistool
includestwocomponents:ConfigurationManagerandMetadataCacheManager.
dump(n)~Aduplicateofaprogram,adisk,ordata,madeeitherforarchivingpurposesor
forsafeguardingfiles.
dump(n)~Abinaryfilethataprogrammercanloadintoadebuggertoanalyzethecause
ofthecrash.Itcontainsthecontentsofthememorywhenthecrashoccurred.
dump~Alargemassofinformationthatshowstheexactcontentsofcomputermemoryat
aparticulartime.
dump~Tosendalargevolumeofinformationtosomewherespecificsuchasaprinteror
ascreen.
dump~AbackuporabackupfilecreatedbytheUNIXdumputility.
dump~AtapeorCDbackupinabatchprocess.
dump~Thegeneralappearanceofarealprogrammer’sworkarea.
dumpster(n)~Thedeleteditemrecoveryfeature.Whenthedumpsterisenabled,items
emptiedfromtheDeletedItemsfolderareplacedinthedumpsterforaserver-configured
numberofdays.Aclientcanretrievetheitemsfromthedumpsteruntilthenumberofdays
haspassed.Eachfolderhasitsowndumpster.
DUN(n)~AWindowsCE-basedapplicationthatenablesremoteuserstoconnecttoa
network.
duotone(n)~Animagethatusesonlyvaryinglevelsofasinglecolortodisplaythe
image.Forexample,ablackandwhiteimageusesvaryinglevelsofgraytodisplayan
image;aduotonewouldusevaryinglevelsofacolor,suchasgreen,todisplaythatsame
image.
Duplex~Theabilitytosendandreceivedataoverthesamecommunicationsline.
duplexchannel(n)~Acommunicationslinkthatallowsforduplex(two-way)
transmission.
duplicate(v)~Tomakeacopyof.
duplicate(n)~Somethingthatexiststwice.
duplicatealertsuppression(n)~Afeaturethatcombinesmultipleidenticalalertswithin
aspecifiedperiodoftimeintoonealert.
duplicatedetection(n)~Adatamanagementprocessthatidentifiessimilaroridentical
data.
DuplicateDetectionRulePublication(PN)~Asystemjobthatpublishesaduplicate
detectionrule.
DuplicateFiles(n)~Astoragereportthatlistsfilesthatappeartobeduplicates(fileswith
thesamesizeandlast-modifieddate).Thisreportcanbeusedtoidentifyandreclaimdisk
spacethatiswastedbecauseofduplicatefiles.
duplicatelink(n)~ATeamFoundationlinkbetweentwoworkitemsthatrepresentthe
sameworkitem.Inpractice,thisoccurswhentwopeoplereportthesamebug.
duplicateremoval(n)~Atypeofgroupingthatremovesdocumentswithduplicateor
near-duplicatecontentfromsearchresults.
duplicaterequestcache(n)~Acacheofrecentrequests,usedbymostNFSversion3
protocolserverimplementations,fortheprocessingofduplicatenon-idempotentrequests.
Theduplicaterequestcacheprovidesashort-termmemorymechanisminwhichthe
originalcompletionstatusofarequestisrememberedandtheoperationattemptedonly
once.Ifaduplicatecopyofthisrequestisreceived,thentheoriginalcompletionstatusis
returned.
durability(n)~Theabilityofatransactiontopersist,evenduringsystemfailure.
durablefilehandle(n)~AfilehandlethatallowsaconnectiontoanSMBserverto
survivebriefnetworkoutageswithouthavingtoincurtheoverheadofre-negotiatinga
newsession.
durablegood(n)~Angoodthatisnotconsumedcompletelyatfirstuse,butyields
serviceovertime.
durableworkflow(n)~Aworkflowwhosestatecanbepersistedtoastoragemediumto
withstandsystemfailuresandtoreleasememory,whichimprovesthescalabilityof
workflowexecution.
duration(n)~Avalue,inseconds,thatindicatestheamountoftimeananimatedobject
remainsactiveordisplayed.
duration(n)~Theamountoftimethatanactivitytakestobeperformed.
durationfield(n)~Atypeoffieldwhosecontentisexpressedasadurationoftime.
ExamplesincludetheWork,Duration,andDelayfields.Adurationfieldincludesthe
durationunit,suchashour,day,orweek.
durationoftrial(n)~Thelengthoftimeforwhichatrialofanapplicationisvalid.
duty(n)~Aresponsibilitytoperformoneormoretasksortoprovideservicesforajob.
duty(n)~Inthesecuritymodel,asetofapplicationaccessprivilegesthatarerequiredfor
ausertocarryouttheirresponsibilities.
DV(n)~Videoimagesandsoundstoredinadigitalformat.
DVStream(PN)~AnApplemovieformatthatcanbeeditedinAppleiMovie.
DV-AVI(NTSC)(n)~MoviefileformatforcapturedvideostreamsfromaDVcamera.
UsestheNTSCtelevisionstandardasopposedtoPALformat.
DV-AVI(PAL)(n)~MoviefileformatforcapturedvideostreamsfromaDVcamera.
UsesthePALtelevisionstandardasopposedtoNTSCformat.
DVB(PN)~Asetofstandardsthatdefinetheuseofsatellite,cable,andterrestrial
frameworksalreadyinplacetoenabledigitalbroadcasting.
DVB-RCC(PN)~ADVBstandardforbi-directionalcommunications(upstreamor
downstream)incableTVdistributionsystems.
DVD(n)~Aformofstoragecharacterizedbyhighcapacity(roughly650MB)andtheuse
oflaseropticsratherthanmagneticmeansforreadingdata.Opticaldiskstorage
commonlyusedforaudio,video,andcomputerdata.DVDsrangeincapacityfrom4.7GB
to17GB,andcanstoresignificantlymorethanaCD-ROM.
DVD~(DigitalVersatileDisk)-AmoreadvancedversionofthestandardCDwhichcan
holdfarmoreinformation,nowstandardonmostPCs.Widelyusedforhigh-quality
digitalmoviesandsoftware.DVDdrivescanalsoreadordinaryCDs.
DVDboot(n)~TheprocessofstartingacomputerfromtheretailproductDVDandthen
installingWindowsontheharddiskbyusingWindowsSetup.
DVDdrive(n)~Adiskstoragedevicethatusesdigitalvideodisc(DVD)technology.
DVDPlayer(PN)~First-partyWindowsappforplayingcommercialandhomemade
DVD-Videodiscs.
DVDRW,DVDWriter~(DigitalVersatileDiskReWriter)-A-DVD-drivethatcan
create(‘write’)rewriteableDVDs.Thereareseveralcompetingformatsatthemoment,
butmostrecentdrivessupportmorethanoneformat.Itislikelythatoneoftheseformats
willbecomestandardintime,butatthemomentitisnotclearwhich.Toaddtothe
confusion,theytendtohaveverysimilarnames:forexampleDVD+RWandDVD-RW
arecompletelydifferentformats,andincompatiblewitheachother.
DVD-Audio(n)~Anaudio-onlyformatofDVD.TheformatusesPCMaudiocombined
withalosslesscompressionalgorithmthatachieves2:1compression.Italsoincludesan
optionalsubsetofDVDfeatures.
DVI~(DirectVideoInterface)-Aspecialtypeofconnectorforcomputermonitors,
particularlyflatpanels.
DVMRP(n)~AnInternetroutingprotocolthatprovidesanefficientmechanismfor
connectionlessdatagramdeliverytoagroupofhostsacrossanInternetnetwork.Itisa
distributedprotocolthatdynamicallygeneratesIPmulticastdeliverytreesusinga
techniquecalledReversePathMulticasting(RPM).
DVR(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatrecordsbroadcasttelevisionprogramminginadigital
format.ADVRoftensavesvideotoabuffer,whichenablesviewerstopausealive
broadcastorreplayvideofromthebuffer.
DVR(n)~AfunctionalityinLiveSmoothStreamingthatissimilartoDigitalVideo
Recorder(DVR)devicesthatrecordlivevideoinadigitalformattoadiskdriveorother
memorymediumwithinadevice.InLiveSmoothStreaming,youcanenableandspecify
thedurationofaLiveSmoothStreamingeventtosavetoatemporaryarchive.Clientsthat
jointheliveeventlate(in-progress)canusecontrolssimilartotheDVRtransportcontrols
oncable/satelliteTVremotecontrolunits,toaccessanypartoftheelapsedliveeventthat
hasbeenarchived.Thetemporaryarchiveisdiscardedwhenthepublishingpointisshut
down.
DWDataMartdatabase(n)~Thedatabasethatincludesthereportingdata,storedforthe
long-term.
DWG(n)~AstandardformatusedbyCADprograms(suchasAutodeskAutoCAD)to
storedrawingfiles.
DWM(PN)~AcomponentofWindowsthatmanageswindowpolicies,behavioursand
visualappearance.
dword(n)~Adatatypeconsistingofa32-bitunsignedinteger.
DWORD(n)~Adatatypeconsistingofa32-bitunsignedinteger.
DWORDvalue(n)~ThevaluethatisappliedtoaspecificDWORD.
DWRepositorydatabase(n)~Thedatabasethatincludesthetransformeddatafromthe
DWStagingAndConfigdatabase.
DWStagingAndConfigdatabase(n)~Thedatabasethatincludescopiesofmanagement
packs,configurationitems,andworkitems.
DWU(n)~AbillingmeterfortheusageoftheSQLDataWarehouseserviceinAzure.
DXF(n)~Acomputer-aideddesignfileformatoriginallydevelopedbyAutodesk;foruse
withtheAutoCADprogramtofacilitatetransferofgraphicsfilesbetweendifferent
applications.
DXGI(PN)~Theinfrastructurethatmanageslow-levelgraphics-relatedtasks,suchas
outputadapterandswapchainconfiguration,andprovidesacommonframeworkfor
managingvirtualizedgraphicscomponentsandresources.
dynamicaccesscontrol(n)~TheabilityforITprostodefinehowusersaccessasystem
basedondynamicqualities,suchasauser’slocationorrole.
DynamicAccessControl(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesdatagovernanceacrossfileservers
tocontrolwhocanaccessinformationandtoauditwhohasaccessedinformation.
dynamicadapter(n)~Anadapterthathasacustomuserinterface.
Dynamicbackgrounds(PN)~TheUIheadingfortheuser’scollectionofanimated
backgrounds.
dynamiccanary(n)~Acanarywhosevaluechangesdependingontherequestcontext.
dynamiccollectionevaluation(n)~AConfigurationManagerfeaturethatenablesyouto
evaluateonlyneworchangedmembersofaquery-basedcollectionindependentlyofafull
collectionevaluation.
dynamicconnector(n)~Aone-dimensional(1-D)connectorshapethatchangesitspath
toavoidcrossingthroughtwo-dimensional(2-D)placeableshapesthatliebetweenthe
twoshapestheconnectorconnects.
dynamiccontrol(n)~AWebPartscontrolthatispersistedinapersonalizationstore;it
doesnotappearinthedeclarativemarkupofan.aspxpage.Afterithasbeenaddedtoa
page,theWebPartManagercontrolautomaticallycreatesaninstanceofthecontrolfrom
thepersonaizationstoreonfuturerequests.
DynamicCPUFairShare(PN)~Afeaturethatdynamicallydistributesprocessortime
acrossallRemoteDesktopServicessessionsonthesameRDSessionHostserver,based
onthenumberofsessionsandthedemandforprocessortimewithineachsession.
dynamiccursor(n)~Acursorthatcanreflectdatamodificationsmadetotheunderlying
datawhilethecursorisopen.
DynamicData(PN)~InASP.NET,aframeworkthatfacilitatesthecreationofdata-driven
Webapplications.DynamicDatausescustomizablepageandfieldtemplates,scaffolding,
user-definablemetadata,andconvention-basednamingtocreateUIthatdisplaysdata,lets
usersnavigaterelationshipsbetweentables,andletsuserseditandcreatedata(create,
read,updateanddelete(CRUD)operations).
DynamicDataExchange(PN)~Aninterprocesscommunicationmethodthatallowstwo
ormoreapplicationsrunningsimultaneouslytoexchangedataandcommands.
dynamicdataexchangechannel(n)~AnactivelinkbetweenMicrosoftWindows
programsoverwhichdatacanbeexchanged.
dynamicdataexchangeconversation(n)~Theinteractionbetweentwoapplicationsthat
arecommunicatingandexchangingdatathroughspecialfunctionsandcodeknownas
dynamicdataexchange(DDE).
dynamicdatafield(n)~Afieldthatcanbeusedinaworkflowruleortemplateasa
placeholderforspecificvaluesortextinane-mail.Whenyousendane-mail,these
placeholdersarereplacedwiththedatathatmeettheconditionsthathavebeensetinthe
workflowrule.Forexample,ifyousendane-mailtoanaccountholderaboutacontract
cancellationdate,youcanuseadynamicdatafieldtoautomaticallyfindandinsertthe
correctcancellationdateforthatcontract.
dynamicdisk(n)~Aphysicaldiskthatprovidesfeaturesthatbasicdisksdonot,suchas
supportforvolumesthatspanmultipledisks.Dynamicdisksuseahiddendatabaseto
trackinformationaboutdynamicvolumesonthediskandotherdynamicdisksinthe
computer.YouconvertbasicdiskstodynamicbyusingtheDiskManagementsnap-inor
theDiskPartcommand-linetool.Whenyouconvertabasicdisktodynamic,allexisting
basicvolumesbecomedynamicvolumes.
DynamicDiskFairShare(PN)~Afeaturethatpreventssessionsfromover-utilizingdisk
usagebyequaldistributionofdiskI/Oamongsessions.
dynamicdisplaypicture(n)~Adisplaypicturethatcanbecustomizedandmaybe
animated.
dynamicdistributiongroup(n)~Adistributiongroupthatusesrecipientfiltersand
conditionstoderiveitsmembershipatthetimethemessageissent.
dynamicexposure(n)~Afeaturefortakingphotosinlowlight,capturingbothshortand
longexposureimages.Theusercandynamicallyblendthetwoexposuresafterwards,as
preferred
DynamicFair-ShareScheduling(PN)~Amethod,usedforschedulingthreads,that
dynamicallyscalesquotasbasedonloadinsteadofrequiringtheadministratorto
explicitlyspecifyquotas.Italsoaddstheflexibilityofaggregatingthreadquotasbasedon
sessionsinsteadofjustusers.
dynamicfilter(n)~Arowfilteravailablewithmergereplicationthatallowsyouto
restrictthedatareplicatedtoaSubscriberbasedonasystemfunctionoruser-defined
function(forexample:SUSER_SNAME()).
dynamicfilter(n)~Apropertyonthedatasetthatdetermineshowreportfiltersare
createdforareport.
dynamicflash(n)~Amodefortakingphotosthatautomaticallycapturesimageswithand
withoutflash.Theusercanchoosetheamountofflashinthephotoafterithasbeentaken.
dynamicgrid(n)~Dottedlinesthatshowthemostdesirablelocationforthecenterofthe
nextshapebeingdroppedonthepage,basedonwherepreviousshapeshavebeenplaced.
dynamicguides(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertomoveandreshapetextboxesetc.on
PowerPointslides.
DynamicHostConfigurationProtocol(n)~ATCP/IPserviceprotocolthatoffers
dynamicleasedconfigurationofhostIPaddressesanddistributesotherconfiguration
parameterstoeligiblenetworkclients.DHCPprovidessafe,reliable,andsimpleTCP/IP
networkconfiguration,preventsaddressconflicts,andhelpsconservetheuseofclientIP
addressesonthenetwork.
dynamicHTML(n)~AnextensionofHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)thatadds
multimedia,databaseaccess,andanobjectmodelthatprogramscanusetochangestyles
andattributesofpageelements(objects)andtoreplaceexistingelements(objects)with
newones.
DynamicIP~EachcomputerordeviceconnectedtotheinternetneedsitsownIP
address.Devicesandsitesthatareconstantlyconnectedtotheinternetusuallyhavea
staticIPaddresssotheDNScanreliablyroutetraffictotherightplace.
DynamicIPRestrictions(PN)~AnIISextensionthatenablesadministratorstoconfigure
IIStoblockaccessforIPaddressesthatexceedthespecifiednumberofrequestsand
determinethebehaviorwhenanIPaddressisblocked.
DynamicIPRestrictionsExtensionforIIS(PN)~AnIISextensionthatenables
administratorstoconfigureIIStoblockaccessforIPaddressesthatexceedthespecified
numberofrequestsanddeterminethebehaviorwhenanIPaddressisblocked.
DynamicIPRestrictionsforIIS(PN)~AnIISextensionthatenablesadministratorsto
configureIIStoblockaccessforIPaddressesthatexceedthespecifiednumberofrequests
anddeterminethebehaviorwhenanIPaddressisblocked.
dynamiclandingpage(n)~Anindividualpageinatopicseries,oranypagethatis
primarilysearch-driven.
dynamiclocking(n)~TheprocessusedbySQLServertodeterminethemostcost-
effectivelockstouseatanyonetime.
dynamicmanagementfunction(n)~Oneofasetofbuilt-infunctionsthatreturnsserver
stateinformationaboutvalues,objects,andsettingsinSQLServer.
dynamicmanagementview(n)~Asetofbuilt-inviewsthatreturnserverstate
informationaboutvalues,objects,andsettingsinSQLServer.
dynamicmembership(n)~Agroupinwhichthemembershipofthegroupisdetermined
byafilter.
DynamicMemory(PN)~AHyper-Vfeatureinwhichthememoryavailabletoarunning
virtualmachineisadjustedinresponsetochangesintheamountofmemoryrequiredby
thevirtualmachine.
dynamicmethodinvocation(n)~Atechniquethatdefersuntilruntimethedecisionasto
whichspecificmethodtocall.
DynamicNetworkFairShare(PN)~Afeaturethatdynamicallydistributesavailable
bandwidthacrosssessionsbasedonthenumberofactivesessionstoenableequal
bandwidthutilization.
dynamiconlineservice(n)~Anonlineservicethatisupdatedfrequentlytoprovideusers
withcurrentinformation.
dynamicoptimization(n)~Thecapabilitytoperformresourcebalancingby
automaticallymigratingvirtualmachineswithinhostclustersthatsupportlivemigration.
dynamicpage(n)~AHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)documentthatcontains
animatedGIFs,Javaapplets,ActiveXControls,ordynamicHTML(DHTML).
dynamicpage(n)~AWebpagethatiscreatedautomatically,basedoninformationthatis
providedbytheuser,orthatisgeneratedontheflywithActiveServerPages(ASP).
dynamicpolicyupdate(n)~Therun-timeretrievalofpoliciesusingtheRulesEngine
Updateservice.
dynamicRAM(n)~Aformofsemiconductorrandomaccessmemory(RAM).
dynamicrandomaccessmemory(n)~Aformofsemiconductorrandomaccessmemory
(RAM).
dynamicrange(n)~Thedifference(indecibels)betweenthequietestandloudestsounds
inasinglepieceofaudiocontent.
dynamicrecovery(n)~Theprocessthatdetectsand/orattemptstocorrectsoftware
failureorlossofdataintegritywithinarelationaldatabasemanagementsystem
(RDBMS).
DynamicReordering(PN)~Afeaturethatsimplifiesandquickenstheprocessof
visualizingandarrangingtheorderoflayeredobjectsonapageorslide.
dynamicreport(n)~AnExcelworkbookthatcontainsatleastonematrixthatiscreated
bythereportwizard.
dynamicresourceconsumptionforSearch(n)~TheabilityofSearchtoautomatically
consumefewerserverresourcessuchasmemoryandCPUwhenserverresourcesare
constrainedduetotransientload.
DynamicSharedLibrary(n)~Executableroutinesstoredinfilesthatcanbelinkedwith
avarietyofapplicationsandareloadedonlywhenneededbytheprogramthatcallsthem.
dynamicsnapshot(n)~Inmergereplication,asnapshotthatincludesonlythedatafroma
singlepartition.
dynamicstorage(n)~AstoragemethodinWindowsthatallowsdiskandvolume
managementwithoutrequiringoperatingsystemrestart.
DynamicSuiteComposition(n)~AnApplicationVirtualizationfeaturethatenablesa
virtualapplicationpackagetoallowdependentplug-insormiddlewarepackagestousethe
virtualenvironment.Thisfeatureenablesplug-insandmiddlewarepackagestousethe
primarypackage’sregistrysettings,-andthepackagesbehaveandinteractwithone
anotherinthesamewayasiftheywereinstalledlocallyonamachine.
DynamicSystemsInitiative(n)~AbroadMicrosoftandindustryinitiativeuniting
hardware,software,andservicevendorsaroundanewsoftwarearchitecturebasedonthe
SystemDefinitionModel(SDM).
dynamictextfield(n)~Atextfieldthatdisplayschangingtext,mostoftenusedin
conjunctionwithaprogressbarinordertoindicateprogress.
dynamicupdate(n)~AnupdatetotheDomainNameSystem(DNS)standardthat
permitsDNSclientstodynamicallyregisterandupdatetheirresourcerecordsinzones.
dynamicverb(n)~AverbthatdependsonthestateofaShellitemorofthesystem;the
appearanceoftheitemisstatebasedandrequiresthattheexecutingcodedetermine
whethertheitemshouldappear.
dynamicvolume(n)~Avolumethatresidesonadynamicdisk.Windowssupportsfive
typesofdynamicvolumes:simple,spanned,striped,mirrored,andRAID-5.Adynamic
volumeisformattedbyusingafilesystem,suchasfileallocationtable(FAT)orNTFS,
andhasadriveletterassignedtoit.
dynamicwebtemplate(n)~AnHTML-basedmastercopyofawebpagethatyoucan
createtocontainsettings,formatting,andpageelementssuchastext,graphics,page
layout,styles,andregionsofawebpagethatcanbemodified.
dynamicallyexpandingvirtualharddisk(n)~Avirtualharddiskthatgrowsinsize
eachtimeitismodified.Thistypeofvirtualharddiskstartsasa3KB.vhdfileandcan
growaslargeasthemaximumsizespecifiedwhenthefilewascreated.Theonlywayto
reducethefilesizeistozerooutthedeleteddataandthencompactthevirtualharddisk.
dynamic-linklibrary(n)~Anoperatingsystemfeaturethatallowsexecutableroutines
(generallyservingaspecificfunctionorsetoffunctions)tobestoredseparatelyasfiles
with.dllextensions.Theseroutinesareloadedonlywhenneededbytheprogramthatcalls
them.
dynamic-linklibraryfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsexecutableroutinesthatanapplication
canloadondemand.
dynaset(n)~Adatabaserecordsetwithdynamicproperties.Unlikeasnapshot,whichisa
staticviewofthedata,arecordsetobjectindynasetmodestayssynchronizedwiththe
datasourceanddataupdatesmadebyotherusers.
E(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
E~
E.164(PN)~Astandardindustryformatfornumbernormalization.TheE.164format
consistsofacountrycode(1-3digits)andaNationalSignificantNumber(12-14digits)
foratotalof15digits.TheNationalSignificantNumberconsistsinturnofaNational
DestinationNumberandaSubscriberNumber(extension).Forexample,(425)555-1212
ext.3011isrepresentedinE.164formatas42555512123011.
E10+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
E9-1-1(n)~Aservicethatprovidesinformationaboutthelocationofacallerwhocalls9-
1-1.
EA(PN)~Anextensionoftheinternalactivationfeaturethatallowsuserstomovethe
logicforreceivingandprocessingServiceBrokermessagesfromthedatabaseengine
servicetoanapplicationexecutableoutsidethedatabaseengineservice.
EAC(n)~Theexpectedtotalcostofataskorproject,basedonperformanceasofthe
statusdate.EACiscalculatedasfollows:EAC=ACWP+(BAC-BCWP)/CPI.
eagerloading(n)~Apatternofloadingwhereaspecificsetofrelatedobjectsareloaded
alongwiththeobjectsthatwereexplicitlyrequestedinthequery.
EAI(oth)~Theprocessofcoordinatingtheoperationofthevariousprograms,databases,
andexistingtechnologiesofabusinessorenterprisesothattheyfunctionasanefficient,
business-widesystem.
EAI(PN)~OneoftheintegrationservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatenablesconnections
betweendifferentsystemsusingmultipleandvariedmessageformats.
EAN(PN)~A13-digitinternationalbarcodestandardmaintainedbyGS1.
EAPtype(PN)~AfeaturethatallowstheusertoselectthetypeofExtensible
AuthenticationProtocolused.
eApproval(PN)~Aworkflowthatprovidesahierarchicalorganizationalchartfrom
whichyoucanselecttheapproversandallowtheapproverstouseastampcontrolinstead
ofasignature.
earlybinding(n)~Binding(convertingsymbolicaddressesintheprogramtostorage-
relatedaddresses)thatoccursduringprogramcompilationorlinkage.
EarlyChildhood(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
earlyfinishdate(n)~Theearliestdatethatataskcouldpossiblyfinish,basedonearly
finishdatesofpredecessorandsuccessortasks,otherconstraints,andanylevelingdelay.
EarlyLaunchAntimalwaredriver(n)~Anantimalwaredriverthatloadsearlyinthe
bootprocess,toevaluatethesafetyoftheotherdriversbeingloaded.Basedona
comparisonagainsthistoricaldataforthosedrivers,theantimalwaredriverreturns
informationtothekernel,whichmakesinitializationdecisionsforeachdriver.
Earlylearning(PN)~TheEducationsubcategorycontainingappstohelppre-schoolage
childrenlearn.
earlymedia(n)~Audioandvideoonacallthatareexchangedbeforetherecipient
acceptsthecall.Examplesincludeannouncements,requestsforinput,andcallervoice
commands.
earlyupgrade(n)~Aserviceupdatethatisreleasedtoagroupofusersbeforeitismade
availabletoalloftheusersatyourorganization.Unlikeapilot,earlyupdatecannotbe
rolledbackorcancelled.
early-launchbootdriver(n)~Anantimalwaredriverthatloadsearlyinthebootprocess,
toevaluatethesafetyoftheotherdriversbeingloaded.Basedonacomparisonagainst
historicaldataforthosedrivers,theantimalwaredriverreturnsinformationtothekernel,
whichmakesinitializationdecisionsforeachdriver.
early-peakcontour(n)~Acontourthatpeaksnearthebeginningofthecurveandthen
slopesdownwardmoregradually.
Earmuffs(PN)~AmodewheretheuserinstructsCortananottopayattentiontoor
rememberanythingtheuserdoeswithCortanaforaspecifiedperiodoftime.?
earnedvalue(n)~Ameasureofthecostofworkperformeduptothestatusdateor
currentdate.Earnedvalueusesyouroriginalcostestimatessavedwithabaselineandyour
actualworktodatetoshowwhethertheactualcostsincurredareonbudget.
earnedvalueanalysis(n)~Amethodfordeterminingprojectperformancewhich
involvescomparingthevalueoftheworkthatwasplannedwiththebudgetedcostofthe
workperformedtodate,withwhatwasactuallyspent.Thesecomparisonsprovide
invaluableinformationaboutactualconditionswithintheprojectandtrendsthatmaybe
developingintermsofscheduleandcostperformance.
earningcode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsthetypeofearningspaidtoanemployee.
earnings(n)~Thenetincome(revenueminusallexpenses)ofabusinessentity.
EarningsPerShare(PN)~Theportionofacompany’sprofitallocatedtoeach
outstandingshareofcommonstock.Earningspershareservesasanindicatorofa
company’sprofitability.
earpiece(n)~Thepartofthephoneusedforlistening.
EaseIn(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
easein(v)~Tomodifyhowthepropertyvaluechangesastimeapproachesthekeyframe.
Avalueof100%wouldmakethepropertychangeslowdownastimeapproachedthe
keyframe.
easeofaccess(PN)~Asetoffeaturesprovidingaccessibilityoptionsandsettingstohelp
usersinteractmoreeasilywiththephone.
EaseofAccessCenter(PN)~AnareawithintheControlPanelthatprovidesaccessibility
optionsandsettingstohelpusersinteractmoreeasilywiththecomputer.
EaseOut(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
easeout(v)~Tomodifyhowthepropertyvaluechangesastimemovesawayfromthe
keyframe.Avalueof100%wouldmakethepropertychangestartslowlyastimeleftthe
keyframe.
ease-ininterpolation(n)~Akindofanimationinterpolationthatmodifieshowthe
propertyvaluechangesastimeapproachesthekeyframe.Avalueof100%wouldmake
thepropertychangeslowdownastimeapproachedthekeyframe.
ease-outinterpolation(n)~Akindofanimationinterpolationthatmodifieshowthe
propertyvaluechangesastimemovesawayfromthekeyframe.Avalueof100%would
makethepropertychangestartslowlyastimeleftthekeyframe.
EASIID(PN)~AWindowsLiveIDcreatedinadomain,andusingthedomainname,
beforethedomainwasenrolledinOutlookLive.AftertheWindowsLiveIDisimported
intotheOutlookLivedomain,itissubjecttothesecurityandprivacypoliciesofthe
organization.
easily(Adverb)~Withoutdifficulty.
easingbehavior(n)~Abehaviorthatcontrolshowquicklyorslowlyapropertychangeis
animatedbetweenkeyframes.
easingfunction(n)~Amathematicalformulatoproducemorerealisticanimations.For
example,aneasingfunctioncanbeusedtocreateobjectsthatbounceorspring
realistically.
East-West(adj)~Anodeplacementstylethatspecifiesthatthenodesareplacedeast-west
inrelationtotheMOMManagementServer.
EasyListening(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#98.
easy-to-use(adj)~Capableofbeingusedwithlittleornodifficulty.
eat+drink(PN)~Alistofrestaurantsandbarsinaspecificneighborhood.
eBay~eBayInc.(NASDAQ:EBAY)isanAmericaninternetconsumer-to-consumer
(c2c)corporationthatmanageseBay.com,anonlineauctionandshopping
website.http://www.ebay.com/
eBook(n)~AnelectronicbookproductofferedbyMicrosoft.
E-bookreaders~aclassofdevicestheprimarypurposeofwhichisto-enablethe
readingof‘tradebooks’andothercontentnotdependentoncolor,richgraphicsorvideo.
EC(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
ECC(n)~Anapproachtopublickeycryptographybasedonpropertiesofellipticcurves.
TheprimaryadvantageofECCisefficiency,whichbecomesimportantasdevicesget
smallerandsecurityrequirementsgetmoredemanding.Forexample,ECCkeysbetween
163bitsand512bitsareone-sixthtoone-thirtieththesizeofequivalentsecurity-level
RSAkeys.AskeysizeincreasestherelativeefficiencyofECCincreases.
eccentricityhandle(n)~Ahandlethatallowsyoutoadjusttheangleandmagnitudeofan
ellipticalarc’seccentricity.
ECCN(PN)~Afivecharacteralpha-numericclassificationusedintheCommerceControl
Listtoidentifyitemsforexportcontrolpurposesasdefinedinlicensinginformationby
theUSgovernment.
ECDH(adj)~Pertainingtoakeyagreementprotocolwhichenablestwouserstocreatea
sharedsecretagreementoveranonsecure,publicmedium,usingellipticcurve
cryptographywithouthavingpreviouslyexchangedanyprivateinformationusing.Itis
basedontheDiffie-€“Hellmanprotocol.
ECG(n)~Anexamthatshowstheelectricalactivityoftheheart.
Echelon~anofficiallyunacknowledgedU.S.-ledglobalspynetworkthatoperatesan
automatedsystemfortheinterceptionandrelayofelectroniccommunications.Monitored
transmissionsaresaidtoincludeupto3billioncommunicationsdaily.
echo(n)~TheprocessofAccessupdatingorrepaintingthescreenwhileamacrois
running.
echorequest(n)~SimpletroubleshootingmessageusedtocheckIPconnectivitytoa
desiredhost.
Eclipse~Open-sourceapplicationdevelopmenttools,-www.eclipse.org
ECMA(PN)~AnorganizationbasedinGeneva,Switzerland,whoseAmerican
counterpartisCBEMA(ComputerandBusinessEquipmentManufacturersAssociation).
Itsstandard,ECMA-101,isusedfortransmittingformattedtextandgraphicalimages
whileretainingtheiroriginalformatting.
EcmaInternational(PN)~AnorganizationbasedinGeneva,Switzerland,whose
AmericancounterpartisCBEMA(ComputerandBusinessEquipmentManufacturers
Association).Itsstandard,ECMA-101,isusedfortransmittingformattedtextand
graphicalimageswhileretainingtheiroriginalformatting.
ECN(n)~Agroupofgeographicallydispersedcacheserversthatdistributesanddelivers
contentsfasterbyservingthecontentsfromthecacheserversthatareclosesttotheusers.
AnECNroutestherequestsefficientlytoreducethenetworklatencyandtoreducethe
loadontheoriginservers.
ECN(n)~Aframerelaynetworktechnologyfor,monitoringandadaptingtothenetwork
bandwidthavailablefordeliveryofdatapacketsbetweensourceanddestinationnodes.
Eitherthesourceorthedestinationnodemaysetabitinapacketheadertorequestthat
thetransmissionorrequestratebedecreased.
e-commerce(n)~Commercialactivitythattakesplacebymeansofcomputersconnected
throughanetwork.Electroniccommercecanoccurbetweenauserandavendorthrough
theInternet,anonlineinformationservice,orabulletinboardsystem(BBS),orbetween
vendorandcustomercomputersthroughelectronicdatainterchange(EDI).
E-commerce~Conductingbusinessovertheinternet,andparticularlytheWorldWide
Web.
economicevent(n)~
economicresource(n)~Aresourcethatisconsumed,produced,andusedtoaddvalueto
anorganization’sproductdeliveryactivities.
ecosphere(n)~Thegeneralenvironment,whichisusuallyspecifiedasbeingtheair,
water,orground.
ECP(n)~TheNetworkControlProtocolfornegotiatingtheuseofencryptionoverPPP
links.ECPisdefinedinRFC1968.
edge(n)~Arelationshipbetweentwofunctionswhereone(caller)iscallingtheother
(callee).
edge(n)~Theboundaryofaphysicalorrenderedobject,suchasadisplayscreenor
window.
edgecacheserver(n)~Adisk-basedcache/proxyserverthatisatthenetworkedge.Ina
multi-tieredcachehierarchy,requestsforcacheablecontentuseintelligentDNSroutingto
routethefirstcontentreceivedtotheedgecachenodes.
edgecachingnetwork(n)~Agroupofgeographicallydispersedcacheserversthat
distributesanddeliverscontentsfasterbyservingthecontentsfromthecacheserversthat
areclosesttotheusers.AnECNroutestherequestsefficientlytoreducethenetwork
latencyandtoreducetheloadontheoriginservers.
edgedisplay(n)~Anauxiliarydisplaypositionedontheedgeofalaptop,whereitcanbe
seenwhilethelaptopisbothclosedandopen.
edgeevent(n)~Aneventwhoseeventpayloadisvalidforagiveninterval;however,only
thestarttimeisknownuponarrivaltotheCEPserver.Thevalidendtimeoftheeventis
providedlaterinaseparateedgeevent.
edgehandle(n)~Ahandleindicatingthataswipegesturewasdetected,whichallowsthe
usertoignoreanddismissitortoinvoketherelevantedgeUI.
edgenetwork(n)~OneormorecomputersthathaveaconnectiontotheInternetthrough
anexternalscreeningrouterandaconnectiontotheinternalnetworkthroughaninterior
screeningrouter.Computersthatarelinkedtotheperimeternetworkhavelimitedaccess
toboththeInternetandtheinternalnetwork.Thisarchitectureisconvenientifmultiple
hostsrequiredirectInternetaccess.
Edgepool(n)~Asinglecomputerpooloramultiplecomputerpoolthat,bydefault,
supportsremoteusersinyourorganizationwhosignintoLyncServerfromoutsidethe
firewallbyusingavirtualprivatenetwork(VPN).
edgeserver(n)~AserverrunningLyncServerorOfficeCommunicationsServerthat
residesintheperimeternetworkandroutestrafficbetweentheinternaldeploymentand
userswhosigninfromoutsidethefirewall.
EdgeSubscription(n)~TherecordofanEdgeTransportserverthathasbeensubscribed
toanExchangeorganizationandtowhichtheMicrosoftExchangeEdgeSyncservice
propagatesrecipientandconfigurationdata.TheMicrosoftExchangeEdgeSyncservice
reliesonEdgeSubscriptions.Also,EdgeSubscriptionistheprocessthatisrequiredto
establishanEdgeSubscriptionforagivenEdgeTransportserver.
EdgeSubscriptionfile(n)~TheXMLfilethatisexportedontheEdgeTransportserver
andimportedontheHubTransportservertoestablishanEdgeSubscription.
edgetime(n)~Thetimecontributedtothetotaltimeofacalleefunctionwhencalled
fromaspecificcallerfunction.Thesumoftheedgetimeofalltheincomingedgestoa
functionequalsthisfunction’stotaltime.
edgetotaltime(n)~Thetimeaparticularfunctiontakestorunwhencalledfroma
specificparentfunction.
EdgeTransportserverrole(n)~AnExchangeServer2007and2010serverrolethat
providesanti-spamandantivirusprotectionandappliesmessagingsecuritypoliciesto
messagesintransportbetweenorganizationsbyusingaseriesofagentsthatacton
messagesastheyareprocessedbythemessagetransportcomponents.Thisserverroleis
deployedintheperimeternetworkoutsidetheActiveDirectorydirectoryserviceforest.
ComputersthathavetheEdgeTransportserverroleinstalledhandleallInternet-facing
mailflowandprovideSimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP)relayandsmarthost
servicesfortheExchangeorganization.
EdgeSync(n)~AcollectionofprocessesthatarerunontheExchangeServer2007Hub
Transportserverroletoestablishone-wayreplicationofrecipientandconfiguration
informationfromtheActiveDirectorydirectoryservicetotheActiveDirectory
ApplicationMode(ADAM)instanceonacomputerthathastheEdgeTransportserver
roleinstalled.EdgeSynccopiesonlytheinformationthatisrequiredfortheEdge
Transportservertoperformanti-spamandmessagesecurityconfigurationtasks,and
informationabouttheSendconnectorconfigurationthatisrequiredtoenablemailflow
fromtheExchange2007organization’sHubTransportserverstotheInternetthroughone
ormoreEdgeTransportservers.EdgeSyncperformsscheduledupdatessothatthe
informationinADAMremainscurrent.
EdgeSyncsynchronization(n)~ThetaskorprocessthattheMicrosoftExchange
EdgeSyncserviceperformstopropagatedatafromtheActiveDirectorydirectoryservice
tothesubscribedEdgeTransportserver.
EDI(n)~Astandardforexchangingbundlesofdatabetweentwocompaniesvia
telephonelinesortheInternet.EDItransmitsmuchlargerbundlesofdatathancanbe
transmittedviae-mail.ForEDItobeeffective,usersmustagreeoncertainstandardsfor
formattingandexchanginginformation,suchastheX.400protocol.
EDIFACT(n)~ElectronicDataInterchangeforAdministration,Commerce,andTrade.A
worldwideelectronicdatainterchange(EDI).
EDIFACTUNOAsyntax(n)~AnEDIFACTsyntaxthatallowsthefollowingcharacters
only:uppercaseletters,alldigits,blank,exclamationmark(!),quotationmark()
EDIFACTUNOBsyntax(n)~AnEDIFACTsyntaxthatallowsthefollowingcharacters
only:lowercaseanduppercaseletters,alldigits,blank,exclamationmark(!),quotation
mark()
eDiscovery(n)~Theprocessbywhichorganizationsfind,retain,andpreserveelectronic
documentsrelatedtoalegalaction.
edit(v)~Tomakeachangetoanexistingfileordocument.
edit(n)~Achangemadetoafileoradocument.
Edit(n)~Thenameofamenuinaconversationwindowfromwhichtheusercancut,
copy,paste,ordeletetext;undorecentactions,selectalltext,andchangefontandtext
sizesettings.
editbox(n)~Arectangularcontrolinanapplicationthatallowstheusertoenteroredit
text.
editbrowsecontrol(n)~Aneditboxcontrolthatallowstheusertobrowseandselect
filesanddirectories.
editcommand(n)~AcommandsuchasCopy,Paste,Undo,Redo,andsoonthatenables
ausertomodifyadocument,Webpage,orapplication.
EditContacts(v)~AbuttonthatopenstheAddressBooksothattheusercanedit,
remove,oraddcontactinformation.
editcontrol(n)~Arectangularwindowinwhichausercanenterandedittextfromthe
keyboard.
EditFieldValueLists(v)~Alist,accessedontheBusinessContactManagermenu,in
whichtheusercanmanagetheformatandcontentofuser-definedfieldvalues.
EditLabels(v)~Anoptionthatallowsausertoeditthelabelsforacertainimageorset
ofimages.
Editmenu(n)~Acommondrop-downmenuthatincludesgeneralpurposecommandsfor
editingobjectsdisplayedwithinawindow,suchasCut,Copy,andPaste.
editmode(n)~Amodethatprovidesfullfunctionalityforcreatingoreditingafile.
Editmode(PN)~Amodethatprovidesfullfunctionalityforcreatingoreditingafile.
EditVirtualHardDiskWizard(PN)~Awizardthatisusedbyadvancedusersto
performspecificoperationsontheirexistingvirtualharddiskssuchascompactingtheir
virtualharddisk,mergingit,convertingittoanothertypeorexpandingitssize.
editableregion(n)~Adefinedregioninatemplatethatiseditablebytheuser.
editingcommand(n)~AcommandsuchasCopy,Paste,Undo,Redo,andsoonthat
enablesausertomodifyadocument,Webpage,orapplication.
editingflick(n)~Agestureyoucanmakewithatabletpentoquicklynavigateand
performshortcuts.Editingpenflicksincludecopy,paste,delete,andundo.
editingpenflick(n)~Agestureyoucanmakewithatabletpentoquicklynavigateand
performshortcuts.Editingpenflicksincludecopy,paste,delete,andundo.
EditingView(PN)~AviewinWebCompanionsandApplicationsthatisoptimizedfor
editingadocument,andlookslikethetraditionaldocumentviewintheclientapplication
(i.e.containsfullRibbon).
edition(n)~Anyofthevariousformsinwhichaproductisofferedorpresented.
editiondetection(n)~AfeaturethatenablesITprofessionalstodeterminetheeditionof
theWindowsoperatingsystemthatisinstalledoncomputersontheirnetwork.
editor(n)~Aprogramthatcreatesfilesormakeschangestoexistingfiles.
EditorPart(n)~Acontrolthatcanbeusedtosetthepropertiesforandtomanipulate
WebPartsonaWebPartspage.
EDITORIALCORONIS(n)~AUNICODEcharacter;partoftheUNICODEblockfor
supplementalpunctuation.
Editors’picks(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemsrecommendedbythestorewithout
attributiontoanyspecificreal-lifestaffmemberonthesite.
Editor’sPicks(PN)~Acategorytitleforwhattheeditorrecommendsforauser.
EDM(PN)~Adatamodelfordefiningapplicationdataassetsofentitiesandrelationships
towhichCLRtypesandstoragestructurescanbemapped.
EDMschema(n)~AnXMLtextfilethatdescribesentityandrelationshiptypes.The
schemaalsodefinesacontainerwithinwhichinstancesofthesetypesarelogically
organized.
EDORAM(n)~AtypeofdynamicRAMthatkeepsdataavailablefortheCPUwhilethe
nextmemoryaccessisbeinginitialized,resultinginincreasedspeed.Pentium-class
computersusingIntel’sTritonchipsetaredesignedtotakeadvantageofEDORAM.
education(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesusereducation.
Education(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesusereducation.
educational(PN)~Agamecategorythatfacilitatesplayereducation.
educator(n)~Apersonwhoisresponsibleforteachingaclass.
edutainment(n)~Multimediacontentinsoftware,onCD-ROM,oronaWebsitethat
purportstoeducatetheuseraswellasentertain.
Edutainment(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
EEPROM(n)~AtypeofEPROMthatcanbeerasedwithanelectricalsignal.Itisuseful
forstablestorageforlongperiodswithoutelectricitywhilestillallowingreprogramming.
EEPROMscontainlessmemorythanRAM,takelongertoreprogram,andcanbe
reprogrammedonlyalimitednumberoftimesbeforewearingout.
EF(n)~Aclassforthedeliveryofaudiomediastreams.
EffectCompiler(n)~Acompilerthatassemblesshadercodefromthecentralprocessing
unit(CPU)andthegraphicsprocessingunit(GPU)andexecutesshadercomputationson
theCPUbeforetheshaderruns.
effectivedate(n)~Thedateatwhichsomethinggoesintoeffectorbecomesapplicable.
effectivehint(n)~Ahintthathasbeenextractedfromahintfile.
effectivepolicy(n)~Thesetofenabledpoliciesforatarget.
EffectiveStock-outThreshold(n)~ThevalueofStock-OutThresholdifFloorIsStock-
OutThresholdisTrue.
efficiencybonus(n)~Incomputergames,anadditionalscoreorpointsgivenforefficient
play.
EfficientFileStorage(PN)~Astoragemethodinwhichafileissplitintopiecesthatare
storedandupdatedseparately,andstreamedtogetherwhenauserrequeststhefile.
EfficientFileTransfer(PN)~Afeaturethatbreaksafileupintogranularchunkssothat
duringre-openandre-savescenariosonlythedifferencesbetweenclientandserverare
sentoverthenetwork.
effort(n)~Asubjectiveunitofmeasurethatcapturesthesizeofabugorproductbacklog
item.Ifyouassignmoreefforttoanitem,youindicatethatmoreworkisrequiredto
implementit.
effort-drivenscheduling(n)~ThedefaultmethodofschedulinginProject;theduration
ofataskshortensorlengthensasresourcesareaddedorremovedfromatask,whilethe
amountofeffortnecessarytocompleteataskremainsunchanged.
EFI(n)~Atypeofinterfacebetweenacomputer,firmware,hardware,andtheoperating
system.EFIdefinesanewpartitionstylecalledGUIDpartitiontable(GPT).EFIserves
thesamepurposeasthebasicinput/outputsystem(BIOS)foundinmostx86-based
computers.
EFIsystempartition(n)~AsmallportiononaGUIDpartitiontable(GPT)diskthatis
formattedwiththefileallocationtable(FAT)filesystemandcontainsthefilesnecessary
tostartthecomputerandpassexecutiontoanoperatingsystemwhichresidesonanother
partition.
EFS(n)~AMicrosoftfile-basedencryptiontechnologythatenablesuserstoencryptfiles
andfoldersonNTFSvolumes.EFShelpsprotecttheconfidentialityofdatabyensuring
thatonlyauthorizeduserscandecrypttheencryptedfilesorfolders.
EFT(n)~Thetransferoffundsfromoneorganization’sbankaccounttoanother
organization’sbankaccount,usinganelectronicintermediary.
EFT(oth)~Anetworkedsystemfortransferringfundsfromonebankaccounttoanother.
EFTA(n)~AgroupofEuropeancountries/regions(includingIceland,Liechtenstein,
Norway,andSwitzerland)thathaveagreedtofreetradeamongthemselves.
E-Gov-Project(n)~AsampleE-Governmenttemplateforastateorlocalgovernment
agency.ItusesanelectronicpaymentsystemasanexampleofaGovernmenttoCitizene-
Govproject.-ItisdefinedasaProgramwiththree-projects(TechnicalArchitecture,
SecurityExtranetande-Payment)toshowhowgovernmentprojectscanbeorganizedas
programswithmorethanoneinterrelatedproject.
EHS(PN)~HostedspamandvirusfilteringfromanExchangeHostedServicesprovider.
Users’e-mailisfilteredaccordingtorulesmanagedbytheorganization’sadministrators.
Usersandadministratorsaregivenvaryingrightstoadjustthefilteringrules.
EIA(n)~AnassociationbasedinWashington,D.C.,withmembersfromvarious
electronicsmanufacturers.Itsetsstandardsforelectroniccomponents.RS-232-C,for
example,istheEIAstandardforconnectingserialcomponents.
EIDE~(EnhancedIntegratedDriveElectronics)-Apopular-harddiskformat.Asits
nameimplies,anupgradedversionof-IDE.
EIF(n)~Acompiledversionofadocumentschema.TheEIFisusedtoexpedite
translationsfordistributionamongotherusersinaclosedusergroup.TheEIFis
automaticallycompiledwheneveranXMLSchemaDefinitionlanguage(XSD)schemais
generatedoredited,usingBizTalkServer.
EIN(n)~IntheUnitedStates,a9-digitnumberthatidentifiesabusinessentitytothe
government.AbusinessmusthaveanEINifithasemployeesormeetsothercriteria
specifiedbythefederalgovernment.
EIP(n)~Theenvironmentinwhichenterpriseapplicationintegrationoccurs.This
scenarioisactuallyaclassofscenariosgroupedtogetherasasinglescenario.
EISA~(ExtendedIndustryStandardArchitecture;pr.‘ee-icer’)Anupgradedversion
of-ISA,nowobsolete;usuallyusedwithreferencetoexpansioncards.
eject(v)~Toremovesomethingorsomeonefromtheircurrentlocation.
EKG(n)~Anexamthatshowstheelectricalactivityoftheheart.
EKU(n)~Anextendedpropertyvaluethatspecifiestheusesforwhichacertificateis
valid.
ELAMdriver(n)~Anantimalwaredriverthatloadsearlyinthebootprocess,toevaluate
thesafetyoftheotherdriversbeingloaded.Basedonacomparisonagainsthistoricaldata
forthosedrivers,theantimalwaredriverreturnsinformationtothekernel,whichmakes
initializationdecisionsforeachdriver.
Elapsed(adj)~Completedorpassed.Themeasureddurationofanevent.
elapsedduration(n)~Theamountoftimethatataskwilltaketofinish,basedona24-
hourdayanda7-dayweek,includingholidaysandothernonworkingdays.Forexample:
emin=elapsedminute,ehr=elapsedhour,eday=elapsedday,ewk=elapsedweek.
elapsedexclusivetime(n)~Timespentinfunction,excludingtimespentinitemsitcalls.
elapsedinclusivetime(n)~Timespentinfunctionanditemsitcalls.
elapsedtime(n)~Thetotaltimeafterestimatedprofilingoverheadhasbeensubtracted
fromwallclocktime.
ElasticDatabase(PN)~Apoolofdatabasethroughputunits(DTUs),andstorage(GBs)
thataresharedbymultipledatabasesandthatcanbeaddedto,andremovedfromthepool
atanytime,withthedatabasesinthepoolutilizingonlytheresourcestheyrequirefrom
thepool,freeingupavailableresourcesforonlytheactivedatabasesthatneedthem.
ElasticDatabasejob(n)~AnAzureserviceenablingSaaSdeveloperstorunT-SQL
scriptsagainstallofthedatabasesinanelasticdatabasepool.
ElasticDatabasepool(n)~Acollectionofavailableresourcestoleveragefromshared
amongagroupofdatabaseswithinabudget.
elasticjob(n)~Acollectionofavailableresourcestoleveragefromsharedamongagroup
ofdatabaseswithinabudget.
elasticjob(n)~AnAzureserviceenablingSaaSdeveloperstorunT-SQLscriptsagainst
allofthedatabasesinanelasticdatabasepool.
elasticpool(n)~AnAzureserviceenablingSaaSdeveloperstorunT-SQLscriptsagainst
allofthedatabasesinanelasticdatabasepool.
elasticpool(n)~Acollectionofavailableresourcestoleveragefromsharedamonga
groupofdatabaseswithinabudget.
electricalsensor(n)~Acategoryofsensorthatcanrespondtoanappliedstimulusby
generatinganelectricalsignal.
electricallyerasableprogrammableread-onlymemory(n)~AtypeofEPROMthatcan
beerasedwithanelectricalsignal.Itisusefulforstablestorageforlongperiodswithout
electricitywhilestillallowingreprogramming.EEPROMscontainlessmemorythan
RAM,takelongertoreprogram,andcanbereprogrammedonlyalimitednumberoftimes
beforewearingout.
electrocardiogram(n)~Anexamthatshowstheelectricalactivityoftheheart.
Electronic(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#52.
electronicbanking(n)~Theuseofelectronictechnologies,suchasautomatedteller
machines(ATMs),directpayrolldeposits,automaticbillpayments,anddebitcards,to
performfinancialtransactions.Electronicbankingreplacespapertransactionsandvisitsto
brick-and-mortarfacilities.
ElectronicBusinessCard(n)~Acard-likelayoutonanOutlookContactthatprovides
theuserwiththelookofarealworldbusinesscard.
electronicdatainterchange(n)~Astandardforexchangingbundlesofdatabetweentwo
companiesviatelephonelinesortheInternet.EDItransmitsmuchlargerbundlesofdata
thancanbetransmittedviae-mail.ForEDItobeeffective,usersmustagreeoncertain
standardsforformattingandexchanginginformation,suchastheX.400protocol.
ElectronicDataInterchangeforAdministration,Commerce,andTrade(n)~
ElectronicDataInterchangeforAdministration,Commerce,andTrade.Aworldwide
electronicdatainterchange(EDI).
electronicdiscovery(n)~Theprocessbywhichorganizationsfind,retain,andpreserve
electronicdocumentsrelatedtoalegalaction.
electronicfiling(n)~Theprocessofsubmittingdocumentstoanauthorityusingan
electroniccommunicationsmedium.
electronicfundstransfer(n)~Thetransferoffundsfromoneorganization’sbank
accounttoanotherorganization’sbankaccount,usinganelectronicintermediary.
electronicfundstransfer(n)~Anetworkedsystemfortransferringfundsfromonebank
accounttoanother.
electronicmail(n)~Theexchangeoftextmessagesandcomputerfilesovera
communicationsnetwork,suchasalocalareanetworkortheInternet.
electronicmailsystem(n)~Autilitythatallowstheusertosendandreceivee-mail.
Electronicpaper~severalreflectivedisplaytechnologiesthatdonotrequireabacklight
andcanbeviewedinconditionsofmoderatetogoodambientillumination.
ElectronicProductCode(n)~Astandardforelectronicallymarkingproductssothatthey
canbetrackedbyusingradiofrequencyidentification(RFID).AnEPCis96bitsdivided
intofourpartitions:header,managernumber,objectclass,andserialnumber.
electronicsignature(n)~Asymbol,oraseriesofsymbols,compiledbyacomputerand
authorizedbyanindividualtobethelegallybindingequivalentoftheindividual’s
handwrittensignature.
ElectronicsIndustriesAssociation(n)~AnassociationbasedinWashington,D.C.,with
membersfromvariouselectronicsmanufacturers.Itsetsstandardsforelectronic
components.RS-232-C,forexample,istheEIAstandardforconnectingserial
components.
element(n)~Aunitofinformationwithinamarkuplanguagethatisdefinedbyatag,ora
pairoftagssurroundingsomecontent,andincludesanyattributesdefinedwithinthe
initialtag.
element(n)~Themostbasicpartofacontrolorobject.
element(n)~TherepresentationofanobjectinaXAMLfile.
elementbinding(n)~Databindingthepropertyofoneobjecttoapropertyofanother
object.
elementdeclaration(n)~Astatementdefiningadeclaredelement.Declaredelements
includevariables,constants,enumerations,classes,structures,modules,interfaces,
procedures,procedureparameters,functionreturns,externalprocedurereferences,
operators,properties,events,anddelegates.
elementinitializer(n)~Asequenceofobjectinitializersthatareassignedtothecollection
elementsinthesamestatementinwhichthecollectionisconstructed.
elementarydatatype(n)~Asimpledatatype,suchasBoolean,Long,orDecimal.
ElementsGallery(PN)~TheribbonasusedinOfficeforMac.
elevatedcommandprompt(n)~Acommandpromptthatisruninaprivileged
administratorsecuritycontextthatallowsactionsthatwouldnormallyberestricted.
Withoutelevation,commandpromptsinWindowsClientandWindowsServerrunina
restrictedstate.
elevatedprivilege(n)~Aprivilegetoaccesssystemresourcesandobjectsoutsideofthe
standardaccesscontrolchecks.Aprocessrunningwithanadministrator’sfullaccess
tokenisrunningwithelevatedprivileges.
elevatedprogram(n)~Aprogramthatisruninaprivilegedadministratorsecurity
contextthatallowsactionsthatwouldnormallyberestricted.Withoutelevation,programs
inWindowsClientandWindowsServerruninarestrictedstate.
elevatedtrust(n)~InSilverlight,asecuritylevelthatgivesout-of-browserapplications
greateraccesstothelocalsystem.
elevation(n)~Theprocessbywhichauserobtainsahigherlevelofprivilegethanthatfor
whichhehasbeenauthorized.Amalicioususermayuseelevationofprivilegeasameans
tocompromiseordestroyasystem,ortoaccessunauthorizedinformation.
elevationofprivilege(n)~Theprocessbywhichauserobtainsahigherlevelofprivilege
thanthatforwhichhehasbeenauthorized.Amalicioususermayuseelevationof
privilegeasameanstocompromiseordestroyasystem,ortoaccessunauthorized
information.
elevationprompt(n)~Adialogboxthatappearswhenauserisrequestedtoconfirm
whetheranadministrativeprocessshouldbepermittedtostart.Anelevationpromptwill
eitherbedisplayedasaconsentpromptoracredentialprompt,dependinguponGroup
Policysettingsanduseraccounttype.
eliminationsentry(n)~Removalofamountsrelatingtosubsidiaryinvestmentsand
intercompanybalancesinaconsolidationreport.Someexamplesofeliminationsentries
include:intercompanyorsubsidiaryprofit,sales,purchases,receivables,andpayables.
ellipsis(n)~The-€¦character.Canalsoberepresentedbyenteringthreedotswithno
spacesinbetween(…).Usedtoconveyincompleteness.
ellipsoidalcoordinatesystem(n)~Acoordinatesysteminreferencetoaflattenedsphere.
ellipticcurvecryptography(n)~Anapproachtopublickeycryptographybasedon
propertiesofellipticcurves.TheprimaryadvantageofECCisefficiency,whichbecomes
importantasdevicesgetsmallerandsecurityrequirementsgetmoredemanding.For
example,ECCkeysbetween163bitsand512bitsareone-sixthtoone-thirtieththesizeof
equivalentsecurity-levelRSAkeys.AskeysizeincreasestherelativeefficiencyofECC
increases.
ellipticcurveDiffie-Hellman(adj)~Pertainingtoakeyagreementprotocolwhich
enablestwouserstocreateasharedsecretagreementoveranonsecure,publicmedium,
usingellipticcurvecryptographywithouthavingpreviouslyexchangedanyprivate
informationusing.ItisbasedontheDiffie-€“Hellmanprotocol.
EllipticCurveDigitalSignatureAlgorithm(PN)~ADigitalSignatureAlgorithmwhich
operatesonellipticcurvegroups.
em(n)~Ameasurementoffontsize
emspace(n)~Atypographicalunitofmeasurethatisequalinwidthtothepointsizeofa
particularfont.Formanyfonts,thisisequaltothewidthofacapitalM,fromwhichthe
emspacetakesitsname.
email(n)~Theexchangeoftextmessagesandcomputerfilesoveracommunications
network,suchasalocalareanetworkortheInternet.
email(v)~Totransmitamessageorfilethroughacommunicationschannel.
email(n)~AstringthatidentifiesausersothattheusercanreceiveInternetemail.An
emailaddressontheInternettypicallyconsistsofanaccountname,followedbythe@(at)
symbol,ahostname,andadomainname.
email(n)~Amessagethatissentoveracommunicationsnetworksuchasalocalarea
networkortheInternet.
Email(ore-mail)~(Electronicmail-;pr.‘ee-mail’)Awaytosendmessagesbetween
computers,ormoretothepointtheirusers,eitheroveranetworkortheInternet.E-mailis
usuallyjusttext,butcanhavepicturesorotherfilesattached.See-Attachment.
e-mailaccount(n)~Theservername,username,password,ande-mailaddressusedto
connecttoane-mailservice.Youcreatethee-mailaccountusinginformationprovidedby
yourmailadministratororInternetserviceprovider(ISP).
emailaddress(n)~AstringthatidentifiesausersothattheusercanreceiveInternet
email.AnemailaddressontheInternettypicallyconsistsofanaccountname,followedby
the@(at)symbol,ahostname,andadomainname.
e-mailaddress(n)~AstringthatidentifiesausersothattheusercanreceiveInternet
email.AnemailaddressontheInternettypicallyconsistsofanaccountname,followedby
the@(at)symbol,ahostname,andadomainname.
e-mailaddressharvesting(n)~Theprocessofcollectingnewe-mailaddresses,through
legitimateorillegitimatemeans,forthepurposeofaddingthemtoaspamdatabase.
e-mailalias(n)~Theportionofthee-mailaddressthatappearstotheleftofthe@
symbol.
e-mailassigninID(PN)~AWindowsLiveIDcreatedinadomain,andusingthe
domainname,beforethedomainwasenrolledinOutlookLive.AftertheWindowsLive
IDisimportedintotheOutlookLivedomain,itissubjecttothesecurityandprivacy
policiesoftheorganization.
E-mailAuto-linking(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertoautomaticallystorelinkstoe-
mailssenttoorreceivedfromaselectede-mailaddress.
e-mailcoexistence(n)~AstrategyofusingofanexistinglocalExchangeServere-mail
environmenttohostsomemailboxeswhileusingExchangeOnlinetohostothers,usually
doneduringmigration.
EmailConnector(n)~AfeatureinMicrosoftDynamicsCRMthatallowsusersto
connecttotheemailserviceoftheirchoicefromCRM.
e-mailfilter(n)~Afeatureine-mail-readingsoftwarethatautomaticallysortsincoming
mailintodifferentfoldersormailboxesbasedoninformationcontainedinthemessage.
e-mailflooder(n)~Atypeoftrojanthatoverwhelmsane-mailinboxwithmessages.
e-mailharvesting(n)~Theprocessofcollectingnewe-mailaddresses,throughlegitimate
orillegitimatemeans,forthepurposeofaddingthemtoaspamdatabase.
e-mailheader(n)~Informationatthetopofane-mailmessage,includingthenameand
addressofthesenderandrecipient,thedateandtimesent,thesubject,andother
informationthatisnotpartofthebodytextofthemessage.Themailheaderisusedbyan
e-mailclientorprogram.
e-mailmarketing(n)~Anorganizedprocessofcommunicatingwithprospectsand
customersviae-mail.
E-MailMarketingService(n)~AnonlineserviceforyourMarketingCampaignthat
allowsyoutoacquireandmanagee-maillists,andtotracktheresults.
E-mailMerge(n)~AtaskpanewithoptionsthatenabletheusertosendaPublisherfile
aspersonalized,individuallyaddressede-mailtotherecipientsinthespecifiedlist.
e-mailmessage(n)~Amessagethatissentoveracommunicationsnetworksuchasa
localareanetworkortheInternet.
EmailMigration(PN)~ThenameofanOutlookLivefeatureintheWebmanagement
interfacethatenablesmigrationofthecontentsofusermailboxesfromanon-premises
IMAPmessagingsystemtoOutlookLive(orExchangeOnline).
e-mailnotification(n)~Amessageautomaticallygeneratedbytheoccurrenceofan
event.
Emailoptin(PN)~Atabonthecontactmaintainpagetorecordthehistoryofcontacts
optinginandoptingoutofmarketingorpromotionalemails.
e-mailpublishing(n)~Theprocessofpublishingphotosorblogentriesbysendingane-
mailmessagetoaservice.
e-mailquickkey(n)~Akeythatyouuseinsomee-mailprogramstoentertextthatis
commonlyused.
emailreminder(n)~Anemailsentataspecifiedtimetoausertoremindthemofan
upcomingevent.Userscancreatereminderemailsforthemselvesforanyeventintheir
calendarsandforallattendees(whenusersarealsotheorganizers).Theemailcontainsall
detailsoftheeventandoptionalnotesthatusersmightadd.
E-mailRouterconfigurationprofile(n)~Aprofilethatcontainstheinformation,suchas
thee-mailservernameandtype,thattheMicrosoftDynamicsCRMsystemneedsto
establishafunctionalE-mailRouter.
E-mailRouterConfigurationWizard(PN)~Awizardthatguidesusersincreatingan
incominge-mailconfiguration,anoutgoinge-mailconfiguration,andalinktoanexisting
MicrosoftDynamicsCRMdeployment.Aftertheyinstallandconfigurethesecomponents
usingthiswizard,theMicrosoftDynamicsCRME-mailRouterwilltransportincoming
andoutgoingMicrosoftDynamicsCRMe-mail.
emailserver(n)~Acomputerthatstoresemailmessages.
e-mailserver(n)~Acomputerthatstoresemailmessages.
e-mailsettings(n)~Optionsthatallowmemberstochangetheire-mailaddress,message
delivery,communityreportdelivery,requestednotifications,ande-mailformat.
EmailSettingspage(n)~Awebpagewhereyouspecifyemailaddressesthatcancreate
pagesinyourOneNotenotebooks.Whenmessagesfromanenabledemailaddressaresent
to[email protected],OneNotecreatesanewpageinyourOneNotenotebookon
OneDrive.
e-mailsignature(n)~Textthatisautomaticallyaddedtooutgoinge-mailmessages,
typicallyusedtoidentifythesender.
Emailstrategy(PN)~Acompany-levelsettingthatallowstheusertosetwhetheremails
inanemailcampaignwillbesentasoneemailpercontactoroneemailperemailinbox
(emailID).ThechoicesareSendoneemailpercontact’and‘Sendoneemailperemail
ID.”
EmailTemplate(n)~Apre-writtenmessagethatcanbesentinresponsetoaTicket
ActionoraBusinessRule.
EmailtoOneNote(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstosendcontentviaemailtotheir
OneNotenotebooks.UsersmustfirstenabletheiremailaddressesintheEmailSettings
pageinOneNote.Then,theycanemailcontentto[email protected],whichautomatically
copiesthecontenttoanewpageintheirnotebook.
E-mailtoSite(PN)~AfeaturethatintegratesE-mailandSharePointfunctionalityby
enablingtheseapplicationstosharecertaindataandmanagementtasks.
embed(v)~Toinsertinformationcreatedinoneprogram,suchasachart,anequation,an
image,avideoorafont,intoanotherprogramorWebpage.
Embed(v)~TheSwaycardthatallowsuserstoembedcontentintotheirswayfromthe
web.
embed~Whenaddinganelementfromonedocumenttoanotherdocument.Example:A
soundfileiscreatedinonedocument,thenitisembeddedinanHTMLdocumentfor
publicationtotheWeb.
embedavideo(v)~Toaddavideotoablogentrybyenteringtheembedcodeforthe
video.
embedcode(n)~HTMLcodethataddsanobject,suchasavideo,toaWebsite,blog,or
HTMLpage.
Embedvideos(PN)~AUIelementthatlinkstoatextboxwheretheusercanenterthe
embedcodetoaddavideotohisorherblog.
embeddedaudioclip(n)~AnaudioclipthathasbeeninsertedintoanotherfileorWeb
page.
embeddedchart(n)~Achartthatisplacedonaworksheetratherthanonaseparatechart
sheet.Embeddedchartsarebeneficialwhenyouwanttovieworprintachartora
PivotChartreportwithitssourcedataorotherinformationinaworksheet.
embeddedcontroller(n)~ThegeneralclassofmicrocontrollersusedtosupportOEM-
specificimplementation,mainlyinmobileenvironments.Theembeddedcontroller
performscomplexlow-levelfunctionsthroughasimpleinterfacetothehost
microprocessor(s).
embeddedcontrollerinterface(n)~Astandardhardwareandsoftwarecommunications
interfacebetweenanoperatingsystemdriverandanembeddedcontroller,suchasSmart
BatteryandAMLcode.Thisallowsanyoperatingsystemtoprovideastandarddriverthat
candirectlycommunicatewithanembeddedcontrollerinthesystem,thusallowingother
driverstocommunicatewithandusetheresourcesofthesystemembeddedcontrollers.
embeddedfile(n)~Graphics,sounds,andothertypesofmultimediafilethathavebeen
insertedinaWebpage.
embeddedimage(n)~Apicturethatisstoredwithinadocumentratherthanbeinglinked
toasourcefileoutsideofthedocument.
embeddedobject(n)~Anobjectcreatedwithoneprogramandembeddedintoa
documentcreatedbyanother.Embeddingtheobject,ratherthansimplyinsertingor
pastingit,ensuresthattheobjectretainsitsoriginalformat.Ifyoudouble-clickthe
embeddedobject,youcanedititwiththetoolbarsandmenusfromtheprogramusedto
createit.
embeddedpicture(n)~Apicturethatisstoredwithinadocumentratherthanbeing
linkedtoasourcefileoutsideofthedocument.
embeddedresource(n)~Thefilesusedbyanapplicationthatarestoredinbinaryformat
inthecompiledapplication.
EmbeddedShellLauncher(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsthereplacementoftheWindows
shell(explorer.exe)withacustomshellforspecializeddevicescenarios.
embeddedstylesheet(n)~Acascadingstylesheetthatisembeddedonapage.Stylesin
anembeddedstylesheetcanbeappliedonlytothepagecontainingthestylesheetandwill
extendoroverridestylesinanyexternalstylesheetlinkedtothepage.
embeddedsystem~Aspecializedcomputersystemthatispartofalargersystemor
machine.Typically,anembeddedsystemishousedonasinglemicroprocessorboardwith
theprogramsstoredinROM.
embeddedvideoclip(n)~AvideoclipthathasbeeninsertedintoanotherfileorWeb
page.
emergencyaccesscode(n)~Anemergencyaccesscodeisasetoflettersandnumbers
thatcanbeincludedonyouremergencyprofilewalletcardorsheet.
emergencycall(n)~Acallmadetoanemergencynumber.
EmergencyCallbackMode(PN)~Amodethephonegoesintoafterausercallsan
emergencynumber(ex:911)andthecallends.Whenthephoneisinthismode,onlythe
emergencyoperatorcancallthepersonontheirphone,sothattheemergencyoperatorcan
callbackordeterminewheretheuserisat.Thephoneisinthismodeforabout5minutes
oruntiltheusercancelsoutofthemode.
emergencychangerequest(n)~Achangerequestthatisusedforurgentchangeswhich
shouldbeimplementedinlessthan,forexample,24hoursandcannotfollownormal
changeprocess.
EmergencyManagementServices(n)~Servicesthatenabletheadministratortointeract
withasystemthatmightnotbeavailablethroughtheusualnetworkmechanisms.
emergencynumber(n)~Atelephonenumberthatconnectstoacountryorregion’s
emergencysystem(forexample,policeandfiredepartment).
emergencyphonenumber(n)~Atelephonenumberthatconnectstoacountryor
region’semergencysystem(forexample,policeandfiredepartment).
emergencyprofile(n)~Anemergencyprofilecontainskeymedicalinformationthat
otherscanviewwhenprovidingemergencytreatmenttoyouorafamilymember.
emergencyroom(n)~Thesectionofahealthcarefacilitystaffedandequipedtoprovide
rapidtreatmentforpatientsrequiringimmediatemedicalcare.
emissivematerial(n)~Atypeofmaterialthatcausestheobjecttoappearasifitisgiving
offlight.Thecolorofthelightisdeterminedbythecolorofthematerial.
Emoji~Similarto-emoticons,butinsteadofcreatingsideways‘faces’outofstandard
keyboardsymbols,emojiuseaspecialfontwhereallthelettersandsymbolshavebeen
replacedwithsmallpictures.OriginallyfromJapan.However,ifthedeviceyouare
sendingtodoesn’tsupportemoji,whichmanyolderdevicesdon’t,itwillusuallyjust
leavethemoutaltogether.
emoticon(n)~Astringoftextcharactersthat,whenviewedsideways,formaface
expressingaparticularemotion.
emoticon(n)~Asmallgraphicalsymboltheusercaninsertintoinstantmessages.
Emoticon~(EMOTionICON)-Agroupofsymbolsusedtoindicateemotions
in-email-or-newsgroups.Themostpopularisthe-smiley-:-)or:)(lookatitsideways),
buttherearelotsofvariationsincludingthesadface-:-(,thewink;-),andthe
astonishedface:-0.
Emphasize(PN)~ThebuttoninSwaythatallowsuserstoemphasizeordeemphasize
contentinrelationshiptoothercontent.
employee(n)~Apersonwhoworksforyourcompanyandreceivespaymentforthework
thatheorshedoes.
employee(n)~Aroleassumedbyapersonwhoparticipatesinanemployee-employer
relationshipwithalegalentity.
employeecompensation(n)~Directorindirectmonetaryandnonmonetaryrewards
offeredtoanemployeebyanorganization.
employeeID(n)~Auniquealphanumericidentifierthatisassociatedwithanemployee.
employeetype(n)~Acategoryofemployeesforwhichaspecificcompensationplanis
designed,suchasExecutive,Salaried,orHourly.
employeridentificationnumber(n)~IntheUnitedStates,a9-digitnumberthat
identifiesabusinessentitytothegovernment.AbusinessmusthaveanEINifithas
employeesormeetsothercriteriaspecifiedbythefederalgovernment.
Empower(PN)~A12-monthprogramthatprovidesmembersoftheMicrosoftPartner
ProgramwithsoftwarelicensesforvariousMicrosoftproducts,anMSDNsubscription,
supportnewsgroups,etc.
empty(adj)~ThestateofanuninitializedVariantvariable(whichreturnsaVarTypeof0).
emptyconsolestartpage(n)~Thestartpagethatappearswhennosnap-inshavebeen
addedtoasnap-inconsole(.mscfile).
emptyGUID(n)~A128-bit,16-byteidentificationnumberthatisrepresentedbyall
zeros.
EMS(n)~Servicesthatenabletheadministratortointeractwithasystemthatmightnot
beavailablethroughtheusualnetworkmechanisms.
emulate(v)~Forahardwareorsoftwaresystemtobehaveinthesamemannerasanother
hardwareorsoftwaresystem.
emulate/emulation~aprogramordevicethathastheabilitytoimitateanother.
emulate/emulation~Amethodbywhichanimitatingsystemcanacceptthesamedata,
executethesamecomputerprogramsandachievethesameresultsastheoriginalsystem.-
emulator(n)~Hardwareorsoftwaredesignedtomakeonetypeofcomputeror
componentactasifitwereanother.Bymeansofanemulator,acomputercanrun
softwarewrittenforanothermachine.Inanetwork,microcomputersmightemulate
terminalsinordertocommunicatewithmainframes.
endash(n)~The-€“character,basedonthewidthofanuppercaseNandusedprimarily
asaconnectingelement,especiallywithnumbers.
ENDASH(n)~The-€“character,basedonthewidthofanuppercaseNandused
primarilyasaconnectingelement,especiallywithnumbers.
enable(v)~Toactivateorturnon.
EnabledevicesyncinginDigitalImageLibrary(v)~AcheckboxthatturnstheDevice
Syncingfeatureonoroff.Ifitisoff,noUIisexposedtotheuser.
EnableforYammer(PN)~ControlinthePostRuleConfigurationsareathatallows
recordstohaveYammerposts.
Enableoptinginformarketingemails(PN)~Acompany-levelsettingwheretheadmin
canallownewcontactstochoose(optin)toreceivefuturepromotionsandoffersfromthe
company.
EnableReferentialIntegrity(PN)~Apropertythatenablesreferentialintegrity.
encapsulatedPostScript(n)~APost-Scriptfileformatthatcanbeusedasan
independententity.TheEPSimagemustbeincorporatedintothePost-Scriptoutputofan
applicationsuchasadesktoppublisher.Manyhigh-qualityclip-artpackagesconsistof
suchimages.
encapsulatingsecuritypayload(n)~Astandardforprovidingintegrityand
confidentialitytoIP(InternetProtocol)datagrams.Insomecircumstances,itcanalso
provideauthenticationtoIPdatagrams.
encapsulation(n)~Theabilityofanobjecttohideitsinternaldataandmethods,making
onlytheintendedpartsoftheobjectprogrammaticallyaccessible.
encapsulation(n)~Themethodusedtopassdatafromoneprotocoloveranetwork
withinadifferentprotocol.Datafromoneprotocoliswrappedwiththeheaderofa
differentprotocol.EncapsulationisdescribedinRFC1483.
encapsulation~Asoftwaredesigntechniqueinwhichdataandproceduresrelatedtothe
dataareundledtogetherwithinasingleentity,calledtheobject.
encipherment(n)~Theprocessofconvertingreadabledata(plaintext)intoacodedform
(ciphertext)topreventitfrombeingreadbyanunauthorizedparty.
encode(v)~Toconvertaudioandvideocontenttoaspecifieddigitalformat,usually
involvingcompressiontechnologyorencryptiontechnology.
encoder(n)~Ingeneral,anyhardwareorsoftwarethatencodesinformation:thatis,
convertstheinformationtoaparticularformorformat.Forexample,theWindowsMedia
Encoderconvertsaudioandvideotoaformthatcanbestreamedtoclientsoveranetwork.
encoding(n)~Theprocessofturningdataintoastreamofbits.Encodingispartofthe
serializationprocessthatconvertsdataintoastreamofonesandzeros.
encodingagreement(n)~Anagreementbetweenthebusinessprofilesoftwotrading
partnerstouseaspecificencodingprotocol(X12orEDIFACT)whileexchanging
messages.
encodingclass(n)~Aclasswhichrepresentsacharacterencoding.
EncodingDataProcessed(GB)(PN)~Theunitofmeasurefortheamountofencoded
MediaServicesdata.
encodingprotocol(n)~Aprotocolthatgovernsthestructureandcontentofabusiness-to-
businessmessage.Theencodingprotocolsettingsforabusinessprofiledefinethe
encodingprotocolthatabusinessdivisionusestosendandreceivebusiness-to-business
messages.SomeexamplesofencodingprotocolsareX12,EDIFACT,HIPAA,and
EANCOM.
encodingreservedunit(n)~Aresourceunitreservedforencodingtasks.
encounter(n)~Anone-on-onemeetingbetweenapatientandahealthprofessional.
encrpytion~Theprocessofconvertingdataintoanunreadableformatsothat
unauthorizedviewsofthedatacanbeblocked.
encrypt(v)~Toprogrammaticallydisguisecontenttohideitssubstance.
Encrypt(PN)~Aniteminadrop-downlistthatauserseeswhentakingactiontoencrypt
amessage.
Encryptruleoption(n)~AnoptionreachedfromtheRuleManagementareaofthe
PolicyFilterpageforoutboundmail.Withthisrule,e-mailmessagesthataresentbyusers
intheorganizationcanbeencryptedautomaticallybasedonrulematchingbysubjectand
messagekeywords,regularexpressions,sendingandreceivinge-mailaddress,and
domains.
Encrypt,encryption~Codingdatasothatitcan’tbereadby-hackers-etcwhen
transmittedovertheinternet.Forexample,anyreputablewebsitesellinggoodsbycredit
cardwillencryptyourcreditcardnumberandpersonaldetails.
encrypteddata(n)~Datathathasbeenconvertedfromplaintextintociphertext.
Encryptedmessagesareusedtodisguisethecontentofamessagewhenitissentorstored.
EncryptedE-mailservice(PN)~Afeaturethatenablescustomerswhosubscribetothe
HostedEncryptionservicetosendandreceiveencryptede-mailmessagesbyusingthe
ZeroDownloadMessengerWebsite.
EncryptingFileSystem(n)~AMicrosoftfile-basedencryptiontechnologythatenables
userstoencryptfilesandfoldersonNTFSvolumes.EFShelpsprotecttheconfidentiality
ofdatabyensuringthatonlyauthorizeduserscandecrypttheencryptedfilesorfolders.
encryption(n)~Theprocessofconvertingreadabledata(plaintext)intoacodedform
(ciphertext)topreventitfrombeingreadbyanunauthorizedparty.
EncryptionControlProtocol(n)~TheNetworkControlProtocolfornegotiatingtheuse
ofencryptionoverPPPlinks.ECPisdefinedinRFC1968.
encryptionkey(n)~Abitstringthatisusedinconjunctionwithanencryptionalgorithm
toencryptanddecryptdata.
encryptionprovider(n)~Softwarethatprovidesencryptionforsensitivedata,suchas
passwords,inapplications.
encryptionsetting(n)~Aconfigurationelementthatspecifiesatypeofencryption,such
as128-,56-,or40-bitencryption.
encumbrance(n)~Acommitmentmadebylegalentitiestoreservebudgetfundsfor
expenditureobligations.
end(v)~Tostopcommunicationsoranetworkconnection.
End(PN)~Amenuitemthatinitiatestheprocessofterminatingaphonecall.
End(PN)~Aparticipatingentityinanassociation.
end(v)~Toendaphonecall.
endacall(v)~Toendaphonecall.
endaddress(n)~ThelastvalidaddresswithinarangeofIPaddresses.
endcall(PN)~Aninfotipforthebuttononthephoneandvideocontrolsthatendsthe
conversation.
endcap(n)~Forpathsthatcontainunconnectedends,suchaslines,theendofastroke.
Youcanchangethewaythestrokelooksateachendbyapplyingoneoffourendcap
styles:flatcap,roundcap,squarecap,andtrianglecap.
enddate(n)~Thedateonwhichascheduleortaskends.
enddateparameter(n)~Aparametertosetanenddate.
enddate-based(adj)~PertainingtoacomputerrunningFlexGotechnologythatmeters
computerusageuntiladefinedusageexpirationdate.Theusageexpirationdatecanbe
extendedbydaysormonths,onarecurringbasis.
endmark(n)~Asymbolthatdesignatestheendofsomeentity,suchasafileorword
processingdocument.
endname(n)~Anamethatappearsasatextstringneartheendofabinaryassociation.It
indicatestheroleplayedbytheclassattachedtotheassociationend,soeachendcanhave
itsownendname.
endofdayprocedure(n)~Aretailaccountingprocedureforaregisterattheendofthe
businessday.
EndofLine(n)~Amenuitemthatallowstheusertochooseacharacterwithwhichto
searchfortheendofaline.
endofshiftprocedure(n)~Aretailaccountingprocedurefortheendofacashier’sshift.
endofsupport(n)~ThedatewhenMicrosoftnolongerprovidesautomaticfixes,
updates,oronlinetechnicalassistance.
endpanel(n)~ThepanelthatcoversashortsideofacentralprocessingunitorSurface
unit.
endtag(n)~Atagthatclosesanelement:</>.Anendtagfollowsthesyntax</Name>,
whereNamematchestheelementnamedeclaredinthestarttag.
Endthecall(oth)~AninfotipfortheHangUpbutton.TheHangUpbuttonisabuttonon
PhoneControlsandAudioControls.
enduser(n)~Theultimateuserofacomputerorcomputerapplicationinitsfinished,
marketableform.
endnote(n)~Areferencethatfollowsthebodytext.Anendnoteconsistsoftwolinked
parts:thenotereferencemarkandthecorrespondingnotetext.
end-of-file(n)~AvaluereturnedbyanI/Oroutinewhentheendofafile(or,insome
cases,anerror)isencountered.
end-of-sectormarker(n)~Atwo-bytedatastructurewrittenattheendofthebootsector
afterthebootstrapcode.Usedbythebootstraploadertodeterminethattheendofboot
sectorhasbeenreached.
endorsementkey(n)~Akeypair,consistingofapublickeyandaprivatekey,whichis
usedtoverifythataTPMisgenuine.
endpoint(n)~Eitherofthehandlesthatappearatthebeginningorendofaselectedline,
arc,orotherone-dimensional(1-D)shape.
endpoint(n)~Acompanyorentitythatparticipatesinabusiness-to-business(B2B)or
application-to-application(A2A)dataexchange.
endpoint(n)~Thelogicalrepresentationofalocation,typicallyexpressedinURLform,
providingaphysicaladdressfordatareceivedorsent.
endpoint(n)~Adeviceconnectedtoacomputernetwork.
endpoint(n)~Aconstructthatconsistsofanaddress,abinding,andacontractusedfor
communicatingwithaWCFservice.
endpoint(n)~AconsumerinaWebPartconnectionthatreceivesdatafromaprovider,
usedinconnectionsforPerformancePointWebParts.
endpointactiondatapolicy(n)~ApolicythatdetermineswhichXMLelementsina
documentarevalidforaparticularactionassociatedwithanendpoint.
endpointactionpolicy(n)~Apolicythatdetermineswhichactionsarevalidfora
particularendpoint.
endpointaddress(n)~Auniformresourceidentifier(URI)thatspecifiesthelocationof
anendpoint.Everyendpointhasanaddressassociatedwithit,whichisusedtolocateand
identifytheendpoint.
endpointmapper(n)~Aserviceonaremoteprocedurecall(RPC)serverthatmaintainsa
databaseofdynamicendpointsandallowsclientstomapaninterface/objectUUIDpairto
alocaldynamicendpoint.
EndpointProtection(PN)~Asecuritysolutionthathelpsenhancethesecurityofclient
computersbyprovidingreal-timeprotectionagainstpotentialthreats;keepingmalicious
software,ormalware,definitionsup-to-date;andautomaticallyrunningscans.
EndpointProtectionManager(PN)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionsto
administrativeuserssothattheycandefineandmonitorsecuritypolicies.
EndpointProtectionpoint(n)~AsitesystemrolethatConfigurationManagerusesto
accepttheEndpointProtectionlicensetermsandtoconfigurethedefaultmembershipfor
MicrosoftActiveProtectionService.
end-to-edge(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofaQoSsignalingpaththat
traversesanunderlyingnetworkfromanendhosttotheedgenodeofadomain(orfrom
anedgenodetoanendhost).
end-to-endauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationmethodinwhichcredentialsare
validatedattheendpointsinsteadofatacentralserver.
end-userlicense(n)~Thelicensethatenablesenduserstoconsumeprotectedcontent.
end-userrecovery(n)~Afeaturethatenablesanendusertoindependentlyrecoverdata
byretrievingashadowcopy.Thisfeaturerequirestheshadowcopyclientsoftware.
End-UserSpamNotification(PN)~Anemailmessagethatcontainsaspamreportfor
individualuserswhodon’thaveaccesstoquarantineorthejunkemailfolder.
e-newsletter(n)~Anewslettersentbye-mailtoeducate,alert,andpersuaderecipients,
knownassubscribers,aboutacompany,itsproducts,andothercommunicationsmessages.
Thistypeofcampaignispartofanintegratedsetofelectronicmarketingtechniques.
enforcementmode(n)~Amodedeterminedbythelevelofnetworkaccessgrantedto
noncompliantcomputers.Therearethreeavailableenforcementmodes:reportingmode,
deferredenforcement,andfullenforcement.
enforcementperiod(n)~Thelengthoftimethataprovisioningpacketisvalid.It
determinesthefrequencywithwhichtheProvisioningServerwillautomaticallygeneratea
newprovisioningpacket.Usedonlywithautomatedsubscriptionrenewal.
engagement(n)~Theusers’reactiontoaproductorservicethatisperceivedasvaluable.
Whenaproductorserviceengagesusers,theywanttointeractwithitandcontinuedoing
so.
engagement(n)~AmeasureofhowlongauserwatchedavideodeliveredbytheWeb
server.
engagementmanager(n)~Anemployeewhoisresponsibleforclosingservicessales
opportunitiesanddevelopingnewcustomerengagementopportunities.
engine(n)~Asystemcomponentthatprovidescomplexcapabilityandperforms
operationsonobjects.
engineadapter(n)~Anadapterthatperformsvariouscorebiometricoperations:cleanup
ofsensordata,featureextraction,templategeneration,matching,andindexing.These
functionscaneitherbeimplementedbysoftwareintheengineadapter,orbytheengine
adaptermakinguseofsomepieceofprocessinghardware.
EngineInputFile(n)~Acompiledversionofadocumentschema.TheEIFisusedto
expeditetranslationsfordistributionamongotherusersinaclosedusergroup.TheEIFis
automaticallycompiledwheneveranXMLSchemaDefinitionlanguage(XSD)schemais
generatedoredited,usingBizTalkServer.
EnglishAssistance(PN)~Asetofintegratedlinguisticreferencesandresourcesthatare
designedtohelpOfficeusersforwhomEnglishisnotafirstlanguagetowritebetter
Englishtext.
enhance(v)~Toautomaticallycorrectandimprovetheuser’sphotoswithadjustmentsto
color,contrast,redeye,straightening,andmore.
enhanced(adj)~Possessingimproved,advanced,ormoresophisticatedfeatures.
Enhanced9-1-1(n)~Aservicethatprovidesinformationaboutthelocationofacaller
whocalls9-1-1.
enhancedaudioCD(n)~AnaudioCDthatcontainsbothaudioandothermultimedia
content.
EnhancedDocumentAvailability(n)~AsetofMicrosoftExchangefeaturesthatoffers
increasedaccesstodocumentsevenwhenthedocumentsarelocatedonaninternal
networkorthesoftwarerequiredtoviewthedocumentsisnotinstalledontheclient
computer.
enhancedDVDmovie(n)~ADVDfromwhichthevideosectioncanbeplayedonthe
DVDsettopbox.WheninsertedinthePC,theusercanaccessadditionalfeaturessuchas
games,weblinksetc.
enhancedfederation(n)~Anorganization-to-organizationfederationusingDNS-SRV
resolutiontoidentifytheAccessProxyorAccessEdgeServerforeachpartner.
enhancedfolder(n)~Afolderinabackward-compatibledocumentlibrarythatsupports
documentmanagementtaskssuchascheck-in,check-out,versioning,approval,and
publishing.
enhancedhuntgroup(n)~Aworkflowwhichsupportsanannouncementmessageand
businesshourssupportinadditiontothebasichuntgroupworkflow.
enhancedkeyusage(n)~Anextendedpropertyvaluethatspecifiestheusesforwhicha
certificateisvalid.
enhancedpresence(n)~Thecapabilityofpublishingcustomizedstatusinformationthat
dependsonapresencesubscriber’srelationshiptothesourceofthestatusinformation.
enhancedpresentercontrols(n)~AcollectionofLyncMeetinghostandpresenter
controlsthatoptimizesforthetypeofmeeting,sizeofaudience,content,and/orvideo
sourcesavailabletoparticipants.
EnhancedScreenTip(n)~AnewtypeofScreenTipthatislargerandcancontainmore
detailedinformation,includinggraphics.
enhancedsecurity(n)~Thesecuritytypethatisusedtodescribetheencryptedprotocol
usedbyApplicationVirtualizationtoprovidesecurecommunicationsonthevarious
virtualapplicationstreamingdeliveriesleveragingRealTimeStreamingProtocolSecure
(RTSPS).
enhancedsecurity(n)~Asecuritytypethathelpspreventunauthorizedpersonsfrom
discerningthatauserisgoingtotheWindowsLivesign-inpage.Otherwise,an
unauthorizedpersonmightbeabletointerceptandmanipulatethecodeonthesign-in
page,whichcouldresultinuserinformationbeingtransmittedtoanunauthorizedwebsite.
EnhancedSingleFile(PN)~AmechanismthatenablesIntelliSense,browsingandother
featuresforstandalonefilesthatarenotpartofanexistingproject.
EnhancedStorage(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatprovidesaninterfacefollowingthe
IEEE1667industrystandardtolockdeviceswithapasswordandallowcompaniesto
manageEnhancedStoragedevicesusingWindowsGroupPolicy.
EnhancedStoragedevice(n)~Astoragedevicethatprovidesstoragefunctionand
authentication.Suchdevicesareusuallysmallform-factordevicessuchasUSBthumb
drives.
EnhancedWindowsMetafile(n)~Anenhanced32-bitvectorgraphicsformatfor
Windows-compatiblecomputersusedmostlyasaclipartformatinword-processing
documents.
enlightenment(n)~Anenhancementmadetotheoperatingsystemtohelpreducethecost
ofcertainoperatingsystemfunctionslikememorymanagement.
enlist(v)~Toassociateanorchestrationwiththephysicalenvironmentinwhichitwill
run.
enlistment(n)~Theprocessofassociatinganorchestrationwiththephysicalenvironment
inwhichitwillrun.
enlistmentobject(n)~Anobjectthatrepresentstherelationshipbetweenaresource
managerandatransactionobjectonwhichtheresourcemanagerhasenlisted.
enqueue(v)~Toplace(anitem)inaqueue.
enrich(v)~Toaddtooraugmentdatathatisinthesystem,usuallyfromanoutsidedata
serviceprovider.
enroll(v)~ToaddaninstanceofSQLServertothesetofSQLServerinstancesmanaged
byautilitycontrolpoint.
enroll(v)~Toregisterforaclassoracademicprogram.
enrollment(n)~Theprocessofrequesting,receiving,andinstallingacertificate.
EnrollmentAgent(n)~Auseraccountusedtorequestsmartcardcertificatesonbehalfof
anotheruseraccount.AspecificcertificatetemplateisappliedtoanEnrollmentAgent.
EnrollmentforMicrosoftAzure(PN)~AnEnterpriseAgreementlicensingprogramthat
allowsorganizationstosubscribeto,andmanage,MicrosoftAzureservicesunderasingle
agreement.
enrollmentpoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemrolethatusesPKIcertificates
tocompletemobiledeviceenrollmentandprovisionIntelAMT-basedcomputers.
enrollmentproxypoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemrolethatmanages
enrollmentrequestsfrommobiledevicessothattheycanbemanagedbyConfiguration
Manager.
enter(v)~Toenterinformationbymeansofthekeyboardorotherinputmethod.
entergesture(n)~InTabletPCInputPanel,anactiongesturethatperformsthesame
actionaspressingtheENTERkeyonthekeyboard.
ENTERkey(n)~Thekeythatisusedattheendofalineorcommandtoinstructthe
computertoprocessthecommandortext.Inwordprocessingprograms,theEnterkeyis
usedattheendofaparagraph.Alsocalled:Returnkey.
EnterphoneURI(v)~AnoptionintheManuallyConfigurePhoneIntegrationdialog
boxwheretheuserentershisphonenumberintherequiredformat.Toaccessthisdialog
box,clicktheConfigurebuttonintheOptionsdialogbox,ontheAccountstab.
EnterremotecallcontrolURI(v)~AnoptionintheManuallyConfigurePhone
Integrationdialogboxwheretheuserentershisphonenumberintherequiredformat.To
accessthisdialogbox,clicktheConfigurebuttonintheOptionsdialogbox,onthe
Accountstab.
enteredfield(n)~Afieldinwhichyoumaytypeoreditinformation.
enterprise(n)~Anorganizationwithmorethan1000employeesandmorethan500
personalcomputers.
Enterprise2015(PN)~TheeditionofVisualStudio2015includingallofthefeatures
availablewiththedevelopmenttoolstobuildmission-criticalenterprisesolutions.
enterpriseapplicationintegration(n)~Theprocessofcoordinatingtheoperationofthe
variousprograms,databases,andexistingtechnologiesofabusinessorenterprisesothat
theyfunctionasanefficient,business-widesystem.
EnterpriseApplicationIntegration(PN)~OneoftheintegrationservicesinMicrosoft
Azurethatenablesconnectionsbetweendifferentsystemsusingmultipleandvaried
messageformats.
enterpriseCA(n)~Acomputerservicethatissuesdigitalcertificatesthatcanonlybe
usedinsideabusinessororganization.
enterprisecertificationauthority(n)~Acomputerservicethatissuesdigitalcertificates
thatcanonlybeusedinsideabusinessororganization.
EnterpriseCloudSuite(PN)~TheofferforcommercialcompaniesthatincludesOffice
365EnterpriseE3,theEnterpriseMobilitySuiteandWindowsEnterpriseSA.
EnterpriseCollaboration(n)~Thecapabilityofworkingtogetherwithinanorganization
thatmayencompasstheuseofacollaborationplatform,enterprisesocialnetworking
tools,acorporateintranetandthepublicInternet.
EnterpriseEditionpool(n)~OneormorecomputersrunningOfficeCommunciations
ServerEnterpriseEdition,thatshareuserdatathroughacommonback-endSQLdatabase.
EnterpriseEditionpool,consolidatedconfiguration(n)~AconfigurationwhereIISand
allinternalconferencing,IM,andpresenceservices,excepttheback-enddatabase,are
collocatedontheFrontEndServers.Theback-enddatabaseishostedonaseparateserver
runningSQLServer.
EnterpriseEditionpool,expandedconfiguration(n)~Aconfigurationincluding
separateserversforIIS,FrontEnd,A/VConferencing,WebConferencing,andSQL
Server.Notethatinallconfigurations,IMConferencing(groupIM)andTelephony
ConferencingServciesarealwayscollocatedontheFrontEndserver.
enterpriseglobaltemplate(n)~Acollectionofdefaultsettings,suchasviews,tables,
andfields,thatareusedbyallprojectsacrosstheorganization.Thesesettingsexistwithin
aspecialprojectinProjectServer.
EnterpriseIntegrationPlatform(n)~Theenvironmentinwhichenterpriseapplication
integrationoccurs.Thisscenarioisactuallyaclassofscenariosgroupedtogetherasa
singlescenario.
enterpriselicense(n)~Alicensethatauthorizesprotectionofbothfileandapplication
resourcesonasinglecomputer.
enterprisemetadata(n)~Metadatapertainingtocontentacrossanenterprise.
EnterpriseMobilitySuite(PN)~TheofferthatincludesMicrosoftAzureActive
DirectoryPremium,MicrosoftIntune,andMicrosoftAzureRightsManagement.
EnterpriseMode(PN)~AcompatibilitymodethatrunsonInternetExplorer11on
Windows8.1UpdateandWindows7devices.
EnterpriseModeSiteListManager(PN)~AGUItoolusedtocreateandmanagelists
thattellInternetExplorer11whichwebsitestoruninEnterpriseMode.
enterpriseportal(n)~AWebsitethatprovidesasinglepointofentryforinternaland
externalusersofanorganizationtoaccessawidevarietyofbusinessinformation.
enterpriseproject(n)~AprojectthatisstoredinProjectServertoensureinformation
integrity.Tomakechangestoanenterpriseproject,userswithaccesspermissionsare
requiredtocheckitinandoutfromProjectServer.
EnterpriseProjectManagement(PN)~APartnerPortalspecializationthathelps
companiesimprovetheirabilitytomanageandalignprojects,allocateandbalance
resources,andtrackandreportonprojectsandtasks.SolutionsarebasedonMicrosoft
OfficeProjectServer2007,ProjectPortfolioServer2007,andProjectProfessional2007.
enterpriseprojectmanagement(n)~Thegenericfieldoforganizationaldevelopment
thatsupportsorganizationsinmanaginginanintegratedfashionandadaptingtochanges.
enterpriseresource(n)~Aresourcethatispartofanorganization’sentirelistof
resources.Enterpriseresourcescanbesharedacrossprojects.
enterpriseresourcemanagement(n)~Thebusinessarearelatedtomanagingthe
financial,human,andphysicalassetsandresourcesofacompany.Softwaresolutionsare
designedandimplementedspecificallytomanagetheseassetsandresources.
EnterpriseSearch(PN)~Asearchenginethatenablesuserstosearchdatafromdisparate
sourcesacrossanorganization.Itisasharedservicethatprovidesextensiveandextensible
contentgathering,indexing,andquerying.Thisservicesupportsfull-textsearchingusing
aStructuredQueryLanguage(SQL)-basedquerysyntax,andprovidesakeywordsyntax
tosupportkeywordsearches.
enterpriseservice-orientedarchitecture(n)~TheSAPblueprintforservices-based,
enterprise-scaledbusinesssolutionsthatofferincreasedlevelsofadaptability,flexibility
andopennessrequiredtoreducetotalcostofownership.
enterpriseSOA(n)~TheSAPblueprintforservices-based,enterprise-scaledbusiness
solutionsthatofferincreasedlevelsofadaptability,flexibilityandopennessrequiredto
reducetotalcostofownership.
enterprisesocialnetwork(n)~Asocialnetworkusedforprivatecommunicationwithin
organizationsorbetweenorganizationalmembersandpre-designatedgroups.
EnterpriseStorage(n)~Computerdatastoragedesignedtomeettherequirementsof
modernenterprisesandothermediumandlarge-sizedorganizations.Enterprisestorage
canbeusedtodescribeavarietyoftechnologiesthatprovidestorageatlargerscalesthan
consumerandsmallbusinesssolutions,andofferhigherlevelsofresiliency,reliability,
performance,andflexibility.Modernenterprisestorageoftenincludessomeconnectionto
cloudservices.
enterpriseuser(n)~AuserwhohasanidentityinActiveDirectoryDomainServices.
EnterpriseVoice(PN)~ImplementationbyMicrosoftofVoIPtelephonybasedonthe
industry-standardSIPprotocol.
EnterpriseVoiceclient(n)~AvoiceclientthatispartoftheEnterpriseVoicesolution
fromMicrosoft;forexample,LyncorOfficeCommunicator.
enterprisewiki(n)~Awikithatallowspeopleacrossacompanyororganizationto
captureandshareknowledgeusingasolutionthatisintegratedintoandenhancedbytheir
SharePointenvironment.
enterprise-levelproject(n)~Amajorprojectthatisrelatedtoanorganization,suchasa
teamcoordinationprojectoraprojectcreatedtoestablishconsistencyacrossthe
organization.
entertainment(n)~Amusment,pleasure,ordiversion.
entertainment(PN)~Anappcategorythatseekstoamuseusersorprovideaccessto
entertainmentmedia.
Entertainment(PN)~AnMSNsiteallowstheusertoexploreentertainmentarticles,
galleries,newsandreviewsontopstarsandcelebrities.
Entertainment(PN)~Anappcategorythatseekstoamuseusersorprovideaccessto
entertainmentmedia.
EntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard(n)~Aself-regulatorybodywhichindependently
appliesandenforcesinteractivegameratingsadoptedbytheindustryintheUnitedStates.
entirefailoverset(n)~Withinagivenavailabilitygroup,thesetofallavailability
replicaswhoseoperationalstateiscurrentlyONLINE,regardlessofavailabilitymodeand
offailovermode.
entitlement(n)~Inaservicecontract,definestheamountandtypeofsupportacustomer
shouldreceive.
EntitlementChannel(PN)~Adrop-downlistfromwhichuserscanselectthemethodof
distribution(foracampaignactivity),orthemethodofhowacustomer’scasewillbe
handled(foranentitlement).
entity(n)~Anobject(suchasacustomer,item,oremployee)thatsharesasetofdefined
attributesorcharacteristics,andthatisusedtomanagerulesfordata.
entity(n)~InReportingServices,alogicalcollectionofmodelitems,includingsource
fields,roles,folders,andexpressions,presentedinfamiliarbusinessterms.
entity(n)~Aclassorobjectthatrepresentsapplicationdatasuchascustomers,products,
andorders.
entity(n)~Therepresentationofalltheinstancesofaparticularrecord.Whenchangesare
madetoarecordtype,thosechangeswillaffectallindividualrecordsofthattype.
entity(n)~Anobjectthatcanbeuniquelyidentified.
entitycontainer(n)~Acontainerofspecifiedentitysetsandassociationsetsthatwillbe
implementedinaspecifiednamespace.
EntityDataModel(PN)~Adatamodelfordefiningapplicationdataassetsofentities
andrelationshipstowhichCLRtypesandstoragestructurescanbemapped.
EntityDataModelschema(n)~AnXMLtextfilethatdescribesentityandrelationship
types.Theschemaalsodefinesacontainerwithinwhichinstancesofthesetypesare
logicallyorganized.
EntityDesigner(PN)~Atoolthatenablespoint-and-clickmodificationofan.edmxfile,
visuallycreatingandmodifyingentities,associations,mappings,andinheritance
relationshipsaswellasvalidatingan.edmxfile.
entityextraction(n)~Theprocessofextractinginformationfromunstructuredtextinan
itemandstoringthatinformationasadditionalmanagedpropertiesfortheitem.
entityextractor(n)~Acontentprocessingfeaturethatextractsinformationfrom
unstructuredtextinanitemandstoresthatinformationasadditionalmanagedproperties
fortheitem.Theadditionalmanagedpropertiescanbeusedtorefineresults.
EntityFramework(PN)~Asetoftechnologiesthatsupportsdevelopmentofdata-
orientedsoftwareapplicationsbyenablingdeveloperstoworkwithconceptualmodels
thataremappedtologicalschemasindatasources.
EntityFrameworkCodeFirstMigrations(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsadatabase
createdbyCodeFirsttobeincrementallychangedasadeveloper’sCodeFirstmodel
evolves.
EntityFrameworkDesigner(PN)~Atoolthatenablespoint-and-clickmodificationof
an.edmxfile,visuallycreatingandmodifyingentities,associations,mappings,and
inheritancerelationshipsaswellasvalidatingan.edmxfile.
EntityFrameworkTools(PN)~ThetoolsetavailableaspartofEntityFramework.
EntityHours(in100s)(PN)~TheunitofmeasureoftimethatServiceBusentitiesare
beingused.
entityintegrity(n)~Astateinwhicheveryrowofeverytablecanbeuniquelyidentified.
entitykey(n)~Areferencetoanentityofaspecificentitytype.
entityobject(n)~Aninstanceofanentitytypethatexistswithinanobjectcontext.
entityrelationship(n)~Arelationshipbetweenrecordsofonerecordtypeandrecordsof
anotherrecordtype.Anentityrelationshipisrepresentedinboththestructureofthe
MicrosoftDynamicsCRMdatabaseandtheuserinterface.Acustomentityrelationship
maybecreated.Therearethreetypesofcustomentityrelationship:N:1,1:N,andN:N.
entityset(n)~Alogicalcontainerforentitiesofagiventypeanditssubtypesmappedto
tablesinadatabase.
EntitySQL(PN)~Astorage-independentdialectofSQLthatworksdirectlywith
conceptualentityschemasandthatsupportsentitydatamodelfeaturessuchasinheritance
andrelationships.
entitytype(n)~Thespecificationforadatatypethatincludesanamedsetofproperties
andrepresentsatop-leveliteminadatamodel.
EntityClient(PN)~Astorage-independentADO.NETdataproviderthatcontainsclasses
suchasEntityConnection,EntityCommand,andEntityDataReader.
entry(n)~Thelowestlevelelementintheregistry.
entry(n)~Theprocessofinputtinginformation.
entryanimationeffect(n)~Ananimationeffectthatisappliedtotextorpicturesentering
aPowerPointpresentation.
entrycriteria(n)~Asetofcircumstancesthatmustbepresentbeforeaneffortcanbegin
successfully
entrypage(n)~Thepageonwhichavisitorenteredawebsite(e.g.Homepage,About
Uspage,orContactUspage).
entrypagecount(n)~Thenumberofvisitorswhoenteredawebsiteonaparticularpage
onthatsite.
entrypoint(n)~Aninterfaceprovidedbythesystemthatmightalsobeusedtogain
accesstotheassetsorresourcesofasystem.
entrypoint(n)~Thetop-levelfunctionthatisthepointfromwhichApplication
PerformanceMonitoring(APM)beginsmeasuringtheprocessingtimeofatransaction.A
separateperformanceeventisgeneratedforeachentrypointwhoseprocessingtime
exceedsthealertingthresholdsetforit.
entrypruning(n)~Theprocessofremovingentriesfromthecatalog.
entrytype(n)~ThekindoftoolusedtostoreAccountHistory,BusinessContactHistory
orOpportunity(forexample,ane-mailmessage,note,task,orappointment).Thetypeof
utilityusedtostoreanentry.
enumerateddatatype(n)~Adatatypeconsistingofasequenceofnamedvaluesgiven
inaparticularorder.
enumeratedfield(n)~Atypeoffieldwhosecontentisselectedfromalistofpredefined
choices.Forexample,intheAccrueAtfieldyoucanselectthewayresourcecostsare
accruedfromalistthatincludesStart,Prorated,andEnd.
enumeratedtype(n)~Auser-definedtypeconsistingofasetofnamedconstantscalled
enumerators.
enumeration(n)~Alistofnamedconstants.
enumerator(n)~AsystemcomponentthatdiscoversPnPdevicesbasedonaPnP
hardwarestandard.ForMicrosoftWindows2000andlater,thesetasksarecarriedoutby
PnPBusDriversinpartnershipwiththePnPmanager.Adeviceistypicallyenumeratedby
itsparentbusdriver,suchasthePCIorPCMCIAbusdriver.Somedevicesare
enumeratedbyabusfilterdriver,suchastheACPIDriver.
enumerator(n)~Anobjectorroutinefortraversingtheitemsinalist,array,collection,or
streamoneatatime.
envelope(n)~Astructuredsetofinformationthatwrapsandaccompaniesaninstance
message,oftendescribingdeliveryandprocessinginformation.Envelopescanbenested.
envelope(n)~Headerandfooterinformation,orheaderinformationonly,which
encapsulatesorprecedesdocumentdatafortransport.
envelopejournaling(n)~Atypeofmessagejournalinginwhichtheoriginalunaltered
messageisincludedasanattachmentinthejournalreport.
envelopeschema(n)~Atypeofschemathatspecifiesthestructureofanenvelope,using
severalextrapropertiesthatarespecifictoenvelopesandwhichspecifyinformationsuch
asidentifyingtheenvelopecontentsinanenvelopeddatastream.
envelopesformula(n)~Afinancialformulathatcalculatesenvelopes’aboveandbelowa
movingaverageusingaspecifiedpercentageastheshift.Theenvelopesindicatorisused
tocreatesignalsforbuyingandselling.Youcanspecifythepercentagetheformulausesto
calculatetheenvelopes.’
environment(n)~Aglobalcontextinwhichtoaccessdata.
environment(n)~Asetofrolesthatarerequiredtorunaspecificapplicationandthe
machinestobeusedforeachrole.
environment(n)~OneoftwodeploymentdestinationswithinaMicrosoftAzurecloud
service:stagingorproduction.
environmentsnapshot(n)~Afile-basedsnapshotofthestate,diskdata,and
configurationofallvirtualmachinesinanenvironmentataspecificpointintime.
environmenttemplate(n)~Aresource,consistingofvirtualmachines,thatisstoredina
teamprojectlibraryshareandcanbeusedtocreatenewvirtualenvironments.
environmentvariable(n)~Oneofasetofdynamicvaluesmaintainedbytheoperating
systemthatprovidesconfigurationandstatusinformation.
environmentviewer(n)~Anapplicationthatenablesausertostart,pause,stop,orcreate
asnapshotofthevirtualmachinesinanenvironment.
environmentalsensor(n)~Acategoryofsensorthattracksenvironmentalchangessuch
astemperature,atmosphericpressure,humidity,windspeedandwinddirection.
EOF(n)~AvaluereturnedbyanI/Oroutinewhentheendofafile(or,insomecases,an
error)isencountered.
EP(oth)~AWebsitethatprovidesasinglepointofentryforinternalandexternalusersof
anorganizationtoaccessawidevarietyofbusinessinformation.
EPC(n)~Astandardforelectronicallymarkingproductssothattheycanbetrackedby
usingradiofrequencyidentification(RFID).AnEPCis96bitsdividedintofour
partitions:header,managernumber,objectclass,andserialnumber.
EPC(PN)~Aninternationalnon-profitassociationthatsupportsandpromotestheSingle
EuroPaymentsArea(SEPA)bankingindustryinitiative.
EPE(adj)~ALean-concept-thatisusedtoestablish-aregularrepeatingproduction
cycle.
epilog(n)~Themachinecodethatfollowsthelastexecutablestatementofanassembly
languageroutine,uptoandincludingthereturninstruction.Thiscoderestorespreserved
registervalues,releasestheallocatedstackframe,andreturnstothecallingroutine.
episode(n)~OneinaseriesofbroadcastsbelongingtoaTVshoworpodcast.
EPM(n)~Thegenericfieldoforganizationaldevelopmentthatsupportsorganizationsin
managinginanintegratedfashionandadaptingtochanges.
epoch(n)~Theperiodinwhichadomainhasaspecificname.
EPS(n)~APost-Scriptfileformatthatcanbeusedasanindependententity.TheEPS
imagemustbeincorporatedintothePost-Scriptoutputofanapplicationsuchasadesktop
publisher.Manyhigh-qualityclip-artpackagesconsistofsuchimages.
eQoS(n)~Agrouppolicysettingthatalleviatesnetworkcongestionissuesbyenabling
centralmanagementofWindowsVistanetworktraffic.Withoutrequiringchangesto
applications,youcandefineflexiblepoliciestoprioritizetheDifferentiatedServicesCode
Point(DSCP)markingandthrottlerate.
equalsign(n)~The=character.
Equation(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowsequentialstepsortasksthat
depictaplanorresult.ThelastLevel1lineoftextappearsaftertheequalssign(=).Works
bestwithLevel1textonly.
EquationBuilder(n)~Afeaturethatallowscreationofmathematicalformulasin
documents,includingtheinsertionofmathematicalsymbolsinsidedesignatedmathzones’
whichperformautomaticformattingtoconvertfractions
EquationEditor(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertobuildcomplexequationsby
pickingsymbolsfromatoolbarandtypingvariablesandnumbers.
equijoin(n)~Ajoininwhichthevaluesinthecolumnsbeingjoinedarecomparedfor
equality,andallcolumnsareincludedintheresults.
equipment(n)~Thetoolsorassetsusedtoperformaserviceactivity.
equipmentmailbox(n)~Atypeofresourcemailboxthatisassignedtoanon-location-
specificresourcesuchasalaptopprojector,microphone,orcompanycar.Equipment
mailboxescanbeincludedasresourcesinmeetingrequests,providingasimpleand
efficientwaytoutilizeresourcesforanorganization.
equirectangularprojection(n)~Inamapreportitem,averysimpleequidistant
cylindricalprojectioninwhichthehorizontalcoordinateisthelongitudeandthevertical
coordinateisthelatitude.-
equity(n)~Theowners’rightsorclaimstotheassetsofabusiness.
equity(n)~Thenetworthofanorganizationafterdeductingliabilitiesfromassets.
equivalenceclass(n)~Aregularexpressionoftheform[=expr=]whereexprisa
collatingsymbol.Thecharactersthatexprmatchesareaddedtothesurroundingbracket
expression.
equivalentdialplangroup(n)~AcontainerobjectinActiveDirectorythatholds
equivalentdialplansthatarefromseparateActiveDirectoryforests.
equivalentobjects(n)~Differentfiles(forexample,.vhdfiles)onwhichauserhasset
thesamefamilyandreleasepropertiestoindicatethatthedifferentfilesarerelated.
ER(n)~Thesectionofahealthcarefacilitystaffedandequipedtoproviderapid
treatmentforpatientsrequiringimmediatemedicalcare.
erase(v)~Toremovedatapermanentlyfromastoragemedium.Thisisusuallydoneby
replacingexistingdatawithzerosormeaninglesstextor,inmagneticmedia,bydisturbing
themagneticparticles’physicalarrangement,eitherwiththeeraseheadorwithalarge
magnet.
E-reader(PN)~TheBooks&referencesubcategorycontainingappstohelpyoutoread
electroniccopiesofbooks.
Erlang~Intelecommunications,aunitoftrafficintensity.OneErlangistheintensityat
whichonetrafficpathwouldbecontinuouslyoccupied.
ERP(n)~Anapproachtobusinessinformationmanagementthatreliesonintegrated
applicationsoftwaretoprovidedataonallaspectsoftheenterprise,suchas
manufacturing,finance,inventory,humanresources,sales,andsoon.Theobjectiveof
EnterpriseResourcePlanningsoftwareistoprovidedata,whenandasneeded,toenablea
businesstomonitorandcontrolitsoveralloperation.
error(n)~Avalueorconditionthatisnotconsistentwiththetrue,specified,orexpected
valueorcondition.
errorbar(n)~Usuallyusedinstatisticalorscientificdata,anerrorbarshowsthe
potentialerrorordegreeofuncertaintyrelativetoeachdatamarkerinaseries.
ErrorChecking(n)~AnExcelfeaturethatidentifiesinvalidworksheetdata,formulas,or
formattingandproposescorrections.
errorcode(n)~OneoffourfieldsofanSCODE.Itisauniquenumberthatisassignedto
representtheerrororwarning.
errorcode(n)~AreturncodethatbeginswithE_orDB_E_andindicatesthatthe
methodfailedcompletelyandwasunabletodoanyusefulwork.Usuallyindicatesa
programmingerror.
errorcorrection(n)~InWindowsMediaPlayer,aprocesstoensurethatdigitalaudio
dataisreadfromtheCD-ROMdriveaccuratelyduringplaybackorcopying.Usingerror
correctioncanpreventundesirablenoisesthatarenotpartoftheoriginalmaterial.
errorcorrection(n)~Aprocessforcorrectinginvalidvaluesinaspreadsheetformulaor
function.
errordetection(n)~Atechniquefordetectingwhendataislostduringtransmission.This
allowsthesoftwaretorecoverlostdatabynotifyingthetransmittingcomputerthatit
needstoretransmitthedata.
errorhandling(n)~Theprocessofdealingwitherrors(orexceptions)astheyarise
duringtherunningofaprogram.Someprogramminglanguages,suchasC++,Ada,and
Eiffel,havefeaturesthataidinerrorhandling.
ErrorList(n)~Awindowthathelpsyouspeedapplicationdevelopmentbydisplaying
errors,warningsandmessagesproducedasyoueditandcompilecode.
ErrorList(PN)~ThenameofapanethatshowsT-SQLsyntaxordependencyerrors.
errorlog(n)~Afilethatlistserrorsthatwereencounteredduringanoperation.
errormessage(n)~Amessagefromthesystemoraprogramadvisingtheuserofa
problemthatrequireshumaninterventioninordertobesolved.
errornotification(n)~Anotificationthattemporarilyappearstouserstoindicatethatan
applicationthatisrunninginthebackgroundfailedorstoppedresponding.Anerror
notificationdoesnotcausethecomputer,device,orSurfaceunittostopworkingorto
displaythefull-screenout-of-orderscreen.
errornumber(n)~Awholenumberintherange0-65,535thatcorrespondstothe
NumberpropertysettingoftheErrobject.WhencombinedwiththeDescriptionproperty
settingoftheErrobject,thisnumberrepresentsaparticularerrormessage.
errorreporting(n)~Afeaturethatautomaticallycaptureskeyinformationatthetimeofa
programorsystemcrashandallowsuserstoreportthecollectedinformation.
errorscreen(n)~Ascreenthatindicatesthatthecurrentapplicationfailedorstopped
respondingsothecomputer,device,orSurfaceunitwillstopworking.Theerrorscreen
appearstemporarilyandthentransitionstotheout-of-orderscreen.
errorstatenumber(n)~AnumberassociatedwithSQLServermessagesthathelps
Microsoftsupportengineersfindthespecificcodelocationthatissuedthemessage.
errorstring(n)~Astringfromthesystemoraprogramadvisingtheuserofaproblem
thatmayrequirehumaninterventioninordertobesolved.
Errortab(n)~InSetupwizardsforVirtualMachineManager,atabthatprovidesdetails
abouttheerrorconditionthatcausedaninstallationtofail.
errortrapping(n)~Theprocessofwritingafunction,program,orproceduresuchthatit
iscapableofcontinuingexecutiondespiteanerrorcondition.
errorvalue(n)~AvalueshowninExcelwhenthereisanerrorinaformula,forexample
#VALUE!or#REF!.
ESCkey(n)~Akeyboardkeythatsendstheescape(ESC)charactertothecomputer.
Oftenthiskeymovestheuserbackonelevelinthemenustructureorexitstheprogram.
escalatedapprover(n)~Aconfigurationelementofanapprovalactivity:thee-mail
addressofauserwhowillreceiveapprovalrequestmessagesiftheapproversfailto
respond.
escalation(n)~Theprocessofdelegatingataskiftheuserhasnotactedonthetaskinthe
allotedtimeframe.
escalationpath(n)~Aseriesofworkflowescalationactionsthatcanbetakentocomplete
aworkflowworkitemwhenitcannotbecompletebythecurrentassignee.
escapecharacter(n)~Asinglecharacterthatsuppressesanyspecialmeaningofthe
characterthatfollowsit.
escapesequence(n)~Acharactercombinationconsistingofanescapecharacter,usuallya
backslash,followedbyaletterorbyacombinationofdigits.
ESE(PN)~Amethodthatdefinesalow-levelAPItotheunderlyingdatabasestructuresin
ExchangeServer.ExtensibleStorageEngineisalsousedbyotherdatabases,suchasthe
ActiveDirectorydirectoryservicedatabase.
ESP(n)~AstandardforprovidingintegrityandconfidentialitytoIP(InternetProtocol)
datagrams.Insomecircumstances,itcanalsoprovideauthenticationtoIPdatagrams.
EspressoDatabasefile(n)~ALocStudiofileofsoftwarestringsandotherresources
(e.g.,productinformation,binarydata,graphics,sizinginformation)createdtolocalizea
particularproduct.
ESR(n)~ApaymentorderwithreferencenumberinSwissbanking.
ESRB(n)~Aself-regulatorybodywhichindependentlyappliesandenforcesinteractive
gameratingsadoptedbytheindustryintheUnitedStates.
Essentialsmanagementserver(n)~Thecomputeronwhichtheservercomponentsof
SystemCenterEssentialsaredeployed.
estimate(n)~Aformalofferforproductsorservices,proposedatspecificpricesand
relatedpaymentterms.
estimateatcompletion(n)~Theexpectedtotalcostofataskorproject,basedon
performanceasofthestatusdate.EACiscalculatedasfollows:EAC=ACWP+(BAC-
BCWP)/CPI.
estimatedcost(n)~Theapproximatecostincurredintheperformanceofanactivity.
estimatedduration(n)~Adurationforwhichyouhaveonlyenoughinformationto
determineatentativevalue.Sothatitsstatusisclearlyvisible,anestimateddurationis
clearlymarkedbyaquestionmarkimmediatelyfollowingthedurationunit.
ETFMovers(PN)~Exchange-tradedfundsthathaveshownhightradingactivity.
Ethernet(PN)~Anetworkingstandardthatusescablestoprovidenetworkaccess.
Ethernetisthemostwidelyinstalledtechnologyforconnectingcomputers.
Ethernet~Thesystemusedtoconnectcomputerstoa-network-ortheinternetwitha
physicalcable,includingmost-broadband-internetconnections.Usuallymuchfasterthan
awirelessconnection.
ethernet~BasebandLANspecificationinventedbyXeroxCorporationanddeveloped
jointlybyXerox,Intel,andDigitalEquipmentCorporation.Ethernetnetworksuse
CSMA/CDandrunoveravarietyofcabletypesat10-Mbps.-more…
Ethernetaddress(n)~A12-digithexadecimaladdressthatispreprogrammedintoa
computer’snetworkadapter,andthatuniquelyidentifiesthatcomputeronthenetwork.
EthicalHacker~Thedreamjobforagenerationofhackers:Acompanypayingyouto
breakintoitsnetwork.Bysimulatingattacksfromthenetorfromaninternalsource,
ethicalhackerslocateweakspotsinacompany’snetwork.
ethicalwall(n)~Azoneofnon-communicationbetweendistinctdepartmentsofa
businessororganizationtopreventconflictsofinterestthatmightresultinthe
inappropriatereleaseofsensitiveinformation.
Ethnic(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#48.
ETL(n)~Theactofextractingdatafromvarioussources,transformingdatatoconsistent
types,andloadingthetransformeddataforusebyapplications.
ETW(n)~Ageneral-purpose,high-speedtracingfeatureofWindows.
ETW-basedlogsink(n)~Ameansofcapturingtraceeventsonthecacheclientorcache
hostwiththeEventTracingforWindows(ETW)frameworkinsideWindows.
EUNorth(PN)~TheNorthernEuropeanregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
EUsaleslist(n)~Avalue-addedtax(VAT)reportrequiredinEUmembercountries.The
EUsaleslistreportsthevalueofgoodsthatweresoldtoVAT-registeredcustomersin
otherEUmembercountries.
EUWest(PN)~TheWesternEuropeanregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
EUR(n)~TheinternationallyacceptedcurrencycodethatrepresentstheEurocurrency.
euro(n)~AcurrencyusedinanumberofEuropeanUnioncountries.
EUROSIGN(n)~The-‚¬character.
eurosymbol(n)~The-‚¬character.
Eurodance(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#54.
Euro-house(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#124.
Europe(PN)~TheEuropeangeowithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
EuropeanArticleNumber(PN)~A13-digitinternationalbarcodestandardmaintained
byGS1.
EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation(n)~AgroupofEuropeancountries/regions
(includingIceland,Liechtenstein,Norway,andSwitzerland)thathaveagreedtofreetrade
amongthemselves.
EuropeanPaymentCouncil(PN)~Aninternationalnon-profitassociationthatsupports
andpromotestheSingleEuroPaymentsArea(SEPA)bankingindustryinitiative.
EuropeanUnion(n)~TheunionofEuropeancountriesintoonesinglemarketestablished
undertheTreatyofRomein1957.(FormerlyknownastheEuropeanCommunityorEC.)
DirectiveshavebeendevelopedtostandardizememberstatesinEuropeintoacommon
marketbyremovingfrontierfiscalbarriers.
Euro-Techno(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#25.
EvaluateFormula(PN)~Anoptionthatenablestheusertoseethedifferentpartsofa
nestedformulaevaluatedintheordertheformulaiscalculated.
EvaluatingOffshoringStrategyforHRFunctions(n)~Atemplatethataddresses,from
aHumanResourcesperspective,thegeneralactivitiesthatdefineanevaluationofanoff-
shoringstrategyforHumanResourcefunctions.
evaluation(n)~Thedetermination,byaprogram,ofthevalueofanexpressionorthe
actionthataprogramstatementspecifies.Evaluationcantakeplaceatcompiletimeorat
runtime.
evaluationcriteria(n)~Thecategoriesofassignmentsforagivenclass,alongwitha
percentagevaluethatindicateshowmucheachcategoryweighsintotheoverallgrade.
Otherfactors,suchasclassparticipation,mayalsobeconsidered.
evaluationsoftware(n)~Typicallyademoversionofthesoftwarethatwillexpirein120
daysafteritisinstalled.
evenparity(n)~Paritybitsetsothatthereisanevennumberof1bits.
event(n)~Anactionoroccurrencetowhichaprogrammightrespond.Examplesinclude
statechanges,datatransfers,keypresses,andmousemovements.
event(n)~Anysignificantoccurrenceinthesystemoranapplicationthatrequiresauser
tobenotifiedoranentrytobeaddedtoalog.
event(n)~Anoccurrence,activityorhappeningofsignificancethatoccurs.
event(n)~Theoccurrenceofanactioninasystem.
event(n)~ThebasicunitofdataprocessedbytheStreamInsightserver.Eachevent
containsaheaderthatdefinestheeventkindandthetemporalpropertiesoftheevent.An
event(excepttheCTIevent)typicallycontainsaneventpayload,whichisa.NETdata
structurethatcontainsthedataassociatedwiththeevent.
Event(n)~AmilestoneforCSRsthatservesasareminderforaspecifictimeperiodon
thecalendar.
eventaddress(n)~AnaddresssimilartoaURLthatprovidesnetworkaccesstoanevent,
suchasalivebroadcast.Attendeesgotothisaddresstoviewtheeventfromtheir
computers.
eventbubbling(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundation,aneventroutingstrategy
wheretheeventinstancemovesuptheelementtree(startingwiththesourceandendingat
therootofthevisualtree).
eventcategory(n)~InSQLTrace,agroupingofsimilarandlogicallyrelatedevent
classes.
eventchronicle(n)~Atablethatstoreseventstateinformation.
eventchroniclerule(n)~OneormoreTransact-SQLstatementsthatmanagethedatain
theeventchronicle.
eventclass(n)~InSQLTrace,acollectionofpropertiesthatdefineanevent.
Eventclass(n)~Theclassthatindicateswhetheraneventisa‘.NET
Performance-Event’,‘.NETException-Event’,‘Client-SideExceptionEvent’,ora
‘Client-SidePerformanceEvent’.
eventclassification(n)~Ameansofdifferentiatingtypesofeventsthatoccuronthe
cacheclientandcachehost.TheWindowsServerAppFabriclogsinksfollowthe
classificationestablishedwiththeSystem.Diagnostics.TraceLevelenumeration.
eventcollectionstoredprocedures(n)~System-generatedstoredproceduresthatan
applicationcancalltosubmiteventstotheeventtableintheapplicationdatabase.
eventconsolidation(n)~Afeaturethatcombinesmultipleeventsintooneevent.The
singleeventidentifiesthenumberofconsolidatedeventsandwhenthefirstandlast
consolidatedeventsoccurred.
eventconsumer(n)~Arecipientofnotificationsthatreportanoccurrenceofanevent.An
eventconsumeriseithertemporaryorpermanent.
eventconsumerprovider(n)~Aproviderthatdetermineswhichpermanentevent
consumerhandlesagivenevent.
EventDataRecorder(PN)~Atoolthatcaptureserrorreportdata,suchasinformation
aboutwhatthesoftwarewasdoingwhenitexperiencedaproblemandaboutthe
machine’sconfiguration,andsendsittoMicrosoftviatheInternet.
eventfilter(n)~Afilterthatregisterstoreceivenotificationofaspecifictypeofevent.
eventframework(n)~Thecombinationofruntimeeventprocessing,supportprograms,
codelibraries,ascriptinglanguage,orothersoftwaretohelpdevelopandgluetogether
thedifferentcomponentsofasoftwareproject.InMicrosoftDynamicsCRM,theplug-ins
andworkflowsareincludedinasingleeventmodel.
eventhandler(n)~Asoftwareroutinethatexecutesinresponsetoanevent.
eventheader(n)~Theportionofaneventthatdefinesthetemporalpropertiesofthe
eventandtheeventkind.Temporalpropertiesincludeavalidstarttimeandendtime
associatedwiththeevent.
EventHubthroughputunit(n)~Theamountofmessagesprocessed/ingestedper
seconds(ingress/egress)byEventHub.
EventHubs(PN)~Amanagedplatformservicethatactsasthe-€œfrontdoor-€?foran
eventpipelinetoprovideafoundationforlarge-scaledataingestioninabroadvarietyof
scenariossuchasbehaviortrackinginmobileapps,trafficinformationfromwebfarms,
in-gameeventcaptureinconsolegames,ortelemetrydatacollectedfromindustrial
machinesorconnectedvehicles.
eventkind(n)~Eventmetadatathatdefinestheeventtype.
eventlistener(n)~Afunctionorobjectthatinvokesaneventhandlerwhenaspecific
conditionoccursinanapplication.
eventlog(n)~Arecordofactivitiesonacomputersystem.Eventscanincludeattemptsto
establishcommunication,successfulestablishmentofsessions,failuresofsystem
components,attemptstousefilesthataredamagedormissing,configurationproblems,
andresponsesfromremotesystems.
EventLogservice(n)~Aservicethatrecordseventsinthesystem,security,and
applicationlogs.
eventlogging(n)~Theprocessofrecordinganauditentryintheaudittrailwhenever
certaineventsoccur,suchasservicesstartingandstoppingorusersloggingonandoffand
accessingresources.
eventmodel(n)~Theeventmetadatathatdefinesthetemporalcharacteristics(shape)of
theevent.
eventnotification(n)~Aspecialkindoftriggerthatsendsinformationaboutdatabase
eventstoaservicebroker.
eventnotification(n)~AcallfromaUIAutomationprovidertoaclient,inwhichthe
providernotifiestheclientofaneventthatmightaffectthestateorappearanceofaUI
item.
eventpayload(n)~Thedataportionofaneventinwhichthedatafieldsaredefinedas
CLR(commonlanguageruntime)types.Aneventpayloadisatypedstructure.
eventprocedure(n)~Aprocedurethatisautomaticallyexecutedinresponsetoanevent
initiatedbytheuserorprogramcode,orthatistriggeredbythesystem.
eventproperty(n)~Anamedattributeofacontrol,form,report,dataaccesspage,or
sectionyouusetorespondtoanassociatedevent.Youcanrunaprocedureormacrowhen
aneventoccursbysettingtherelatedeventproperty.
eventprovider(n)~Aproviderthatmonitorsasourceofeventsandnotifiestheevent
tablewheneventsoccur.
eventpublisher(n)~Anapplication,service,ordriverthatcreatesaneventanddeliversit
toaneventlog.
eventquery(n)~AWMIQueryLanguagestatementthateventconsumersusetoregister
toreceivenotificationofspecificevents.Aneventproviderusesaneventquerytoregister
togeneratenotificationsofspecificevents.
eventregistration(n)~Anitemthatresidesinafolderthatusesaneventsink.Theitem
providesthestorewithinformationthatincludeswhateventswilltriggerthesink,the
nameofthesink,andoptionssuchasrestrictionsforwhentheeventwillfire.
eventregistrationitem(n)~Ahiddenitemthatcontainsinformationaboutaneventsink,
informationaboutwhateventswilltriggertheeventsink,andoptionsthattellwhenor
underwhatconditionstheeventsinkwillbetriggered.Theeventregistrationitemis
createdinthesamefolderthatisbeingmonitoredforevents.
eventrouting(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundationandSilverlight,themovementof
aneventinatreeofelements.Therearethreetypesofeventrouting:direct,bubbling,and
tunneling.Withdirectrouting,theeventdoesnotmoveinthetree.Withbubbling,the
eventmovesuptothetopofthetree.Withtunneling,theeventstartsatthetopofthetree
andmovesdowntothesourceoftheevent.InSilverlight,eventroutingandroutedevents
areused,buttunnelingisnotimplemented.
eventsource(n)~Thepointoforiginofanevent.
eventtable(n)~Atableintheapplicationdatabasethatstoreseventdata.
eventthrottling(n)~ConstrainingtherateatwhicheventsaresenttotheAPMserviceto
keepCPUutilizationlow.Eventsareconstrainedbythenumberofeventscollectedinan
eventgroupovertime.
EventTraceforWindows(n)~Ageneral-purpose,high-speedtracingfeatureof
Windows.
EventTracingforWindows(PN)~Ageneral-purpose,high-speedtracingfeatureof
Windows.
EventTracingforWindows(ETW)-basedlogsink(n)~Ameansofcapturingtrace
eventsonthecacheclientorcachehostwiththeEventTracingforWindows(ETW)
frameworkinsideWindows.
eventtrigger(n)~Themechanismbywhichasystemorapplicationeventtriggerseither
aninstantorananimatedchangeinoneormoreproperties.
eventtype(n)~Theevent-typeforaperformance-eventis‘information’,andtheevent
typeforanexception-eventis‘error’.
Eventview(PN)~TheOperationsconsolepanethatdisplaysspecifiedeventsinthe
managementgroupthattheconsoleuserhastherightstosee.
EventViewer(PN)~Acomponentyoucanusetoviewandmanageeventlogs,gather
informationabouthardwareandsoftwareproblems,andmonitorsecurityevents.Event
Viewermaintainslogsaboutprogram,security,andsystemevents.
event-basedasynchronouspattern(n)~Adesignpatternthatuseseventstoexpose
asynchronousfeaturesofaclass.
Events(PN)~ThelinktotheonlinesharedeventorganiseronWindowsLiveEvents.
eventsandattractions(PN)~Asub-headinginLocalScout.Eventsareactivitiesinthe
areathataretakingplaceoverthenextfewdays,andattractionsareplacesorongoing
activitiestakingplaceinthatarea.
EveryProductEvery(adj)~ALean-concept-thatisusedtoestablish-aregular
repeatingproductioncycle.
Everyone(n)~Atypeofuseraccount.
Everyone(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
Everyone(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbyUnterhaltungssoftware
Selbstkontrolle(USK).
EVERYONE(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
Everyone(public)(PN)~TheUIlabelforapermissionssettingthatindicatesanitemis
beingsharedwith(madeavailableto)anyoneontheInternet.
Everyone10andolder(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainment
SoftwareRatingBoard(ESRB).
Everyone10+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
evict(v)~ToplaceawindowsLiveIDinaforcedrenamestate,whiletheWindowsLive
IDandallofitsexistingsettings,includingthepassword,XboxLivepoints,orZune
pointsarepreserved.TheusercansigninusingtheWindowsLiveIDanditspassword,
butthey’reimmediatelyaskedtorenametheWindowsLiveID.Theymustspecifyane-
mailaddressthat’soutsidetheOutlookLivedomain.
eviction(n)~Thephysicalremovalofacachedobjectfromthememoryofthecachehost
orhoststhatitisstoredon.Thisistypicallydonetokeepthememoryusageofthecache
hostserviceincheck.
evidence(n)~Thepropertiesofcode,suchasadigitalsignatureorthezoneorsiteofits
origin,thatareusedbysecuritypolicytograntpermissionstocode.
EWM(n)~Anenhanced32-bitvectorgraphicsformatforWindows-compatible
computersusedmostlyasaclipartformatinword-processingdocuments.
exabyte(n)~Approximatelyonequintillionbytes,oronebillionbillionbytes.
exactcostreversing(n)~Thereversalofaninventorytransaction,usingthesamecostfor
thereversingtransaction,forexampleareturnorderoracreditmemo,aswasusedinthe
originaltransaction.
exactwordextractiondictionary(n)~Acustomextractiondictionarythatlistswordsor
phrasesthatarematchedtoexactwordsinthecontentinacase-sensitiveway.For
example,thesystemmatchesanchor’to‘anchor
exactwordpartextractiondictionary(n)~Acustomextractiondictionarythatlists
wordsorphrasesthatarematchedanywhereinthecontentinacase-sensitiveway.For
example,thesystemmatchesanchor’and‘anchorage
ExactlyNMatches(PN)~AmenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchforanypatternA
thatisrepresentinpatternBexactlyntimes.Patternscouldbestrings,characters,etc.
Excel~Themostpopular-spreadsheet-programforPCs,partoftheMicrosoftOffice
suite.
Excel2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofExcel.
Excel2016forMac(PN)~Theyear2016editionofExcelforMac.
Exceladd-in(n)~Componentsthatcanbeinstalledonyourcomputertoaddcommands
andfunctionstoExcel.Theseadd-inprogramsarespecifictoExcel.Otheradd-in
programsthatareavailableforExcelorOfficeareComponentObjectModel(COM)add-
ins.
ExcelCalculationServer(n)~ThecorecomponentoftheExcelServerthatincludesthe
fullExcelcalculationfunctionality.ItloadsandsavesExcelworkbooks,queriesand
refreshesexternaldata,calculatesworkbooks,andprovidesthecalculatedresultstothe
caller.
ExcelCalculationServices(n)~ThemainExcelServicescomponent,whichloadsthe
spreadsheetandworkbook,calculatesthespreadsheets,updatesexternaldata,and
maintainssessionstateforinteractivity.
ExcelCubeFunctions(n)~FunctionsusedtoextractanddisplayOLAPdata(setsand
values).
ExcelforAndroid(PN)~TheversionofExcelthatrunsontheAndroidoperatingsystem.
ExcelforiPad(PN)~TheversionofExcelthatrunsoniPad.
ExcelforMac(PN)~TheversionofExcelthatrunsontheMacoperatingsystem.
ExcelforMacforOffice365(PN)~TheversionofExcelfromOffice365thatrunson
theMacoperatingsystem.
ExcelforMacPreview(PN)~ThepublicpreviewforExcelforMac.
Excelinteractiveview(n)~Anonlineviewofdatathatprovidesanenhancedvisual
experiencethroughtables,slicers,charts,andotherExcelobjects.
ExcelMobileViewer(PN)~AviewerthatallowsuserstodisplayExcelworkbooksona
phone’sbrowser.AfileisrenderedasanHTMLpagewithsufficientfidelitytoconvey
importantdataorchartsandillustrations.
ExcelOnlineViewer(PN)~AnExcelWebApptechnologythatenablesuserstoviewin
fullfidelityanExceldocumentthatisstoredonline.
ExcelServices(PN)~Aservertechnologyenablinguserstoload,calculate,anddisplay
ExcelworkbooksonMicrosoftOfficeSharePointServer.
Exceltable(n)~Arangeofcellsinaworksheetthathasbeenformattedasatableandcan
bemanagedindependentlyfromthedatainotherrowsandcolumnsontheworksheet.
ExcelWebServices(PN)~TheExcelServicescomponentthatprovidesprogrammatic
accesstoitsWebservice.
ExcelXMLFormat(n)~TheformalnameforExcel12fileformat.TheExcelXML
Formathasanopen,royalty-freespecification,andisthetechnologylicensedtoexternal
parties.
exception(n)~Anabnormalconditionorerrorthatoccursduringtheexecutionofa
program.Anexceptionrequirestheexecutionofsoftwareoutsidethenormalflowof
control.
exception(n)~AninstructionthattellsWindowsFirewalltoopenaportbriefly,allowa
programorservicetopassaspecificpieceofinformationthrough,andthenclosetheport.
Theseinstructionsarecalledexceptions’becausenormallythefirewallblocksall
unsolicitedattemptstosendinformation.’
ExceptionAssistant(n)~AVisualStudiodebuggingtoolthatprovidesinformationabout
thecauseofanexceptioninaVisualBasicorVisualC#program.
exceptionevent(n)~AdiagnosticeventinIntelliTracethatoccurswithintheVisual
StudioDebugger.Exceptioneventsincludeexceptionsthrown,exceptionscaught,and
unhandledexceptions.
exceptionevents(n)~Criticalapplicationandsystemerrors.ApplicationPerformance
Monitoring(APM)definescriticalerrorsasbeingthosethatleadtoamonitored
component’sfailure.ForASP.NET-applications,acriticalexceptionresultsintheuser
seeingeitherthestandardoracustomerrorpage.-Forwebservices,critical
exceptions-arethosethatASP.NETserializesintovalidSOAP-messagesontheserver-
side,anddeserializestoSoapExceptions-ontheASP.NETclient.
exceptionhandler(n)~Ablockofcodethatreactstoaspecifictypeofexception.
exceptionhandler(n)~Anapplicationfunctionthatiscalledinexceptioncatchblocksto
reporterrorsandperformsomeerrorhandling.
exceptionreport(n)~Areportthatshowsthegeneralledgeraccountbalancesthatwere
notincludedinthefinancialreport.
exceptionstring(n)~Astringthatcontainsinformationaboutanabnormalconditionor
errorthatoccursduringtheexecutionofaprogram.
exceptionalthreshold(n)~Themaximumlimitofanindividualtransactionvaluethatisa
partofacumulativetransactionvalue,uptowhichataxonthetransactionvalueisnot
calculated.Theexceptionalthresholdisappliedtoanindividualtransactionvaluethatisa
partofacumulativetransactionvaluethatiswithinthecumulativethreshold.
EXCH50binarylargeobject(n)~Asetofproperties,generatedandmanagedby
ExchangeServer,whichisstoredwitheachmessageandcontainsmetadataaboutagiven
message.OftenreferredtoasEXCH50BLOB.
EXCH50BLOB(n)~Asetofproperties,generatedandmanagedbyExchangeServer,
whichisstoredwitheachmessageandcontainsmetadataaboutagivenmessage.Often
referredtoasEXCH50BLOB.
exchange(v)~ToprovideWi-FicredentialstoOutlook.comcontacts,Skypecontacts,and
Facebookfriends.
Exchange(PN)~Amarketplaceinwhichsecurities,commodities,derivatives,andother
financialinstrumentsaretraded.
ExchangeActiveSync(n)~Aprotocolthatmakesitpossibleforuserstosynctheire-
mail,calendar,contact,andtaskdatafromExchangeServertosupportingdevices.
exchangeadjustment(n)~Theprocessofrecalculatinganaccountbalancetoreflecta
changeintheexchangeratefortransactionsinforeigncurrencies.Thetransactiongainor
lossisconsideredunrealizediftheadjustmentiscalculatedforreportingpurposesalone,
andrealizedifthedebtispaidortherevenueisreceived.
Exchangeadmincenter(PN)~Aweb-basedmanagementtoolforMicrosoftExchange
administratorsandenterprisee-mailusers.
ExchangeAdministrationCenter(PN)~Aweb-basedmanagementtoolforMicrosoft
Exchangeadministratorsandenterprisee-mailusers.
Exchangeadministrator(n)~Theadministratoraccountwithprivilegestoadminister
Exchangeservices.
ExchangebyPhone(n)~AfeaturethatallowsaUnifiedMessaging-enableduserto
accesstheirMicrosoftExchangeServermailboxoverthetelephone.Userscannavigate
throughtheirmailboxesusingtelephone-keyorSpeechinput.
ExchangeConferencingServices(n)~Aservicethatallowsuserstomeetinvirtual
roomsonaserverrunningExchange.
ExchangeControlPanel(PN)~Aweb-basedmanagementtoolforMicrosoftExchange
administratorsandenterprisee-mailusers.
ExchangeEnterpriseCALServices(EOP,DLP)forGovernment(PN)~Theofferfor
governmentorganizationsthatarealsoExchangeEnterpriseCALcustomersthatincludes
ExchangeOnlineProtection(EOP)anddatalossprevention(DLP)andthatishostedin
thegovernmentcloudenvironment.
ExchangeFastAccess(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesExchangeuserstoseenewemail
messagesandup-to-datecalendaritemsassoonastheyopenOutlook,withoutwaitingfor
ittofinishsynchronizing.
ExchangeHostedServices(PN)~HostedspamandvirusfilteringfromanExchange
HostedServicesprovider.Users’e-mailisfilteredaccordingtorulesmanagedbythe
organization’sadministrators.Usersandadministratorsaregivenvaryingrightstoadjust
thefilteringrules.
Exchangehybriddeployment(n)~Aconnectionestablishedbetweenon-premisesand
cloudemailsystemsthatnotonlyallowsuserstouseemailfromeitherlocationwiththe
samesetofcredentials,butprovidesarichermanagementexperience.
ExchangeManagementConsole(n)~TheExchange2007graphicaluserinterface(GUI)
fromwhichadministratorscanperformtaskstoconfigureandmanageExchangeservers.
TheExchangeManagementConsoleisbasedonWindowsMicrosoftManagement
Console(MMC)3.0.
ExchangeManagementShell(n)~Acommand-lineinterfaceandassociatedcommand-
lineplug-insforExchangeServerthatenableautomationofadministrativetasks.The
ExchangeManagementShellisbuiltonWindowsPowerShelltechnology,formerly
codenamedMonad.
ExchangeOnline(Plan1)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforExchangeOnline(Plan1)thatishostedinthecommercialcloud
environment.
ExchangeOnline(Plan1)forGovernment(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforExchangeOnline(Plan1)thatishostedinthegovernmentcloud
environment.
ExchangeOnline(Plan2)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforExchangeOnline(Plan2)thatishostedinthecommercialcloud
environment.
ExchangeOnline(Plan2)forGovernment(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforExchangeOnline(Plan2)thatishostedinthegovernmentcloud
environment.
ExchangeOnlineArchiving(EOA)forExchangeOnlineCustomers(Government
Pricing)(PN)~TheofferforgovernmentorganizationsforExchangeOnlineArchiving
(EOA)forExchangeOnlineCustomersthatishostedinthecommercialcloud
environment.
ExchangeOnlineArchiving(EOA)forExchangeServer(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~
TheofferforgovernmentorganizationsforExchangeOnlineArchiving(EOA)for
ExchangeServerthatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
ExchangeOnlineArchivingforNonprofits(PN)~AnofferfromMicrosoftOffice365
fornonprofitorganizationsthatisapersonalemailarchiveforuserswhohavemailboxes
onMicrosoftExchangeServer2010.
ExchangeOnlineKiosk(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsfromOffice365forExchangeOnlineKiosk,andthatishostedinthe
commercialcloudenvironment.
ExchangeOnlineProtection(PN)~Thestand-aloneemailfilteringserviceforcustomers
thatrunExchangeoranothermessagingsolutionon-sitebutusetheExchangeOnline
ProtectionservicethatishostedintheMicrosoftcloudenvironment.
ExchangeOnlineProtection(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforExchangeOnlineProtectionthatishostedinthecommercialcloud
environment.
ExchangeOnlineProtectionforGovernment(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforExchangeOnlineProtectionthatishostedinthegovernmentcloud
environment.
ExchangeOrganizationAdministratorsrole(n)~OneoffourExchange2007
administratorroles.MembersofthisrolehavefullaccesstoallExchangepropertiesand
objectsintheExchangeorganization.
exchangerate(n)~Therateatwhichthecurrencyofonecountryorregioncanbetraded
againstthatofanothercountryorregion.
exchangerate(n)~Thevalueofoneexchangecurrencyunitrelativetoanotherexchange
currencyunit.
exchangerateadjustment(n)~Amodificationtoaconvertedmonetaryamountwhenthe
exchangeratebetweenthequotationunitandthebaseunitchange.
exchangeratetype(n)~Aclassificationthatgroupsexchangerates.
ExchangeRecipientAdministratorsrole(n)~OneoffourExchange2007administrator
roles.MembersofthisrolehavepermissionstomodifyanyExchangepropertyonan
ActiveDirectoryuser,contact,group,dynamicdistributiongroup,orpublicfolderobject.
ExchangeServer(PN)~Microsoftclient/servermessagingandcollaborationsoftware.
Exchangeserver(n)~AserverthathasMicrosoftExchangeServerinstalled.
ExchangeServerAdministratorsrole(n)~OneoffourExchange2007administrator
roles.MembersofthisrolehaveaccesstoonlylocalserverExchangeconfigurationdata,
eitherinActiveDirectoryoronthephysicalcomputeronwhichActiveDirectoryis
installed.
ExchangeServerconnector(n)~AConfigurationManagertechnologythatconnectsto
ExchangeServertodiscoverandmanagemobiledevices.
Exchangeservices(n)~Exchange-specificservicesthatrunonaserverthathasMicrosoft
ExchangeServerinstalled.
Exchangestore(n)~Astorageplatformthatprovidesasinglerepositoryformanaging
multipletypesofunstructuredinformationinoneinfrastructure.TheExchangestore
combinesthefeaturesandfunctionalityofthefilesystem,theWeb,andacollaboration
server(suchasMicrosoftExchange)throughasingle,URL-addressablelocationfor
storing,accessing,andmanaginginformation,aswellasbuildingandrunning
applications.TheExchangestoreisalsoknownastheWebStorageSystem.
ExchangeSystemManager(n)~AcollectionofMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)
snap-insthatMicrosoftExchangeprovides.
ExchangeView-OnlyAdministratorsrole(n)~OneoffourExchange2007
administratorroles.Membersofthisrolehaveread-onlyaccesstotheentireExchange
organizationtreeintheActiveDirectoryconfigurationcontainer,andread-onlyaccessto
allWindowsdomaincontainersthathaveExchangerecipients.
ExchangeWebServices(n)~Asetoffeaturesthatprovidesaprogramminginterfacefor
accessingMicrosoftExchangedatathroughtheClientAccessserverrolebyusingWeb
services.
ExchangeableImageFileFormat(n)~Astandardforstoringmetadata,e.g.shutter
speedandfocallength,inimagefiles,especiallyfilesusingJPEGcompression.
exclamationpoint(n)~The!character.
ExcludeAuthor(PN)~Featuretoremovespecificpublishersfromtheacquisition.
excludedictionary(n)~Adictionarywithwordsthatthemaindictionaryrecognizesas
beingspelledcorrectly,butthatyouwanttoverifyduringaspellingcheck.
excludeoverlap(v)~Tocombinetwoormoreshapesorpathstoresultinasingle
compoundpaththatomitstheareaswhereoverlapsoccurred.Ifyoureleasethecompound
path,theindividualshapesareputintotheirownpathobjects.
Excludedsources(PN)~ThelistintheSettingsareathatshowsthedomainsand
subdomainsthatareexcludedfromtheanalysis.
Excludedterms(PN)~Listofwordsorphrasesthatareexcludedfromtheanalysis.The
postwon’tappearintheanalysis.
exclusion(n)~Termorsentencethatmustnotappearinconjunctionwithasearchphrase.
exclusioninterval(n)~Theamountoftimethatanunresponsiveormalfunctioning
componentremainsmarkedasunavailable.Duringthistime,norequestsaresentfromthe
clienttotheexcludedcomponent.
exclusionlist(n)~Asetoffilesorprocessesthatwillbefactoredoutfromacertain
command.
exclusionrange(n)~AsmallrangeofoneormoreIPaddresseswithinaDHCPscope
excludedfromtheDHCPservice.Exclusionrangesensurethatthesescopeaddresseswill
neverbeofferedtoclientsbytheDHCPserver.
exclusions(PN)~AWindowsfeature(inCSS)thatallowswebdesignersanddevelopers
towraptextandotherinlinecontentaroundspecifiedelementsandfragments.Figurescan
beabsolutelypositionedonawebpagewhilestillremainingpartofthedocumentflow.
Figurescanbepositionedsomespecifieddistancefromthetop,bottom,leftorrightsides
ofthecontainingblock.
exclusive(adj)~Pertainingtoatypeofaccesstodatainadatabasethatissharedovera
network.Whenyouopenadatabaseinexclusivemode,youpreventothersfromopening
thedatabase.
exclusivelock(n)~Alockthatpreventsanyothertransactionfromacquiringalockona
resourceuntiltheoriginallockontheresourceisreleasedattheendofthetransaction.
exe(or.exe)~(EXEcutable;pr.‘exie’,‘dotexie’)A-file-whichisusuallythemainpart
ofaprogram.Aprogrammayconsistofjustanexefileandnothingelse,ortheremaybe
dozensoffiles,includingmore.exes.
executable(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orbeingaprogramfilethatcanberun.Executable
fileshaveextensionssuchas.bat,.com,and.exe.
executable(n)~Afileinportableexecutable(PE)fileformatthatcanbeloadedinto
memoryandexecutedbytheoperatingsystemloader.Itcanbeeitheran.exeora.dllfile.
Inthe.NETcontext,aPEfilemustbetranslatedbythecommonlanguageruntimeinto
codebeforeitcanbeexecutedbytheoperatingsystem.
executablefile(n)~Afileinportableexecutable(PE)fileformatthatcanbeloadedinto
memoryandexecutedbytheoperatingsystemloader.Itcanbeeitheran.exeora.dllfile.
Inthe.NETcontext,aPEfilemustbetranslatedbythecommonlanguageruntimeinto
codebeforeitcanbeexecutedbytheoperatingsystem.
executablefolder(n)~AfolderinaWebsitefromwhichscriptsandexecutableprograms
canberun.
executableimage(n)~Aprogramthatcanberunatthecommandline.
execute(v)~Toperformaninstruction.
executebuffer(n)~Afullyself-contained,independentpacketofinformationthat
describesa3-Dscene.Anexecutebuffercontainsavertexlistfollowedbyaninstruction
stream.Theinstructionstreamconsistsofoperationcodesandthedatathatisoperatedon
bythosecodes.
executioncontext(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,anabstractionofanoperating
systemthread.
executioncycle(n)~Theassertionoffacts,evaluationofconditions,andexecutionof
actionswithintheBusinessRuleEngine.
ExecutionPlanpane(n)~Oneofthetabsthathoststheoutputforanestimatedoractual
executionplanthatSQLServeruses.
executiontree(n)~ThepathofdatainthedataflowofaSQLServer2005Integration
Servicespackagefromsourcesthroughtransformationstodestinations.
executiveplanner(n)~Theemployeewhoisresponsiblefortheoverallsalesand
operationsplan.
executiveresource(n)~Aresourcethatisdesignedforusewithdatastructuresthat
requireexclusiveaccessforwriting,butthatcanbereadbyseveralthreadsconcurrently.
Executiveresourcesarenotmaintainedinthesystem’sdispatcherdatabase,sothey
usuallyarefasterandmoreefficientthankerneldispatcherobjects.
exemptID(n)~Anidentificationnumberthatisissuedbyataxauthoritytoindicatethata
companyisnotrequiredtopaysalestax.
exemptpayee(n)~AnindividualorentitythathasnotaxliabilityunderUStaxlaws
becausetheyarenotacitizen,residentalien,oranorganizationcreatedororganizedunder
thelawsoftheUnitedStates.
exemptuseragent(n)~Auseragent,commonlyasearchbot,thatcanreceiveInfoPath
formsinsteadofaWebpageinresponsetoanHTTPrequest.
ExerciseTracker(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertotrackcardioactivities,including
distance,time,paceandcalories.
EXIF(n)~Astandardforstoringmetadata,e.g.shutterspeedandfocallength,inimage
files,especiallyfilesusingJPEGcompression.
exit(v)~Inaprogram,tomovefromthecalledroutinebacktothecallingroutine.A
routinecanhavemorethanoneexitpoint,thusallowingterminationbasedonvarious
conditions.
Exit(PN)~Anitemontheright-clickmenufortheCommunicatoriconthatappearsinthe
WindowstaskbarthatsignstheuseroutofCommunicatorandclosesallopen
Communicatorwindowsanddialogboxes.
exit(v)~Tocloseaprogramorapplication.
exitanimationeffect(n)~Ananimationeffectthatisappliedtotextorpicturesexitinga
PowerPointpresentation.
exitcriteria(n)~Asetofcircumstancesthataproductorservicemustmeetbeforea
particularmilestoneiscomplete.Thepresenceofexitcriteriasignaltheendofa
successfuleffort.
ExitHTMLSource(v)~AnoptionthatswitchestheviewfromthedisplayofHTML
sourcecodetothedisplayofWebpagecontent.
exitmodule(n)~ACertificateServicescomponentthatperformspost-processingaftera
certificateisissued,suchasthepublicationofanissuedcertificatetoActiveDirectory.
exitpage(n)~ThelastpageavisitorseesbeforeleavingaWebsite.
exitplan~Theplandevelopedforcopingwiththeendofthecontract—whether
becausethetermisuporbecauseterminationclauseshavebeeninvoked.
expand(v)~Todisplaythesubentriescontainedwithinafolderoroutlineview.
expandcontrol(n)~Acontrolthat,whenclicked,expandsorcollapsesagroupedrecord
todisplayorhideitsdetailrecords.
expandindicator(n)~Acontrolthat,whenclicked,expandsorcollapsesagrouped
recordtodisplayorhideitsdetailrecords.
expandedmemory(n)~TypeofmemorythatcanbeaddedtoIBMpersonalcomputers.
TheuseofexpandedmemoryisdefinedbytheExpandedMemorySpecification(EMS),
whichsupportsmemoryboardscontainingRAMthatcanbeenabledordisabledby
software.
expandedscreenmode(n)~Avisualsettingthatissimilarto-€œstretch-€?-the
resolutionofthephonescreenisrefittedtofillasmuchoftheexternalscreenaspossible
withoutcompromisingitsdimensionality.
expansioncard(n)~Acardthatconnectstoanexpansionbusandcontainsoneormore
devices.
Expansioncard(orboard)~Acircuitboardwhichcanbepluggedintoanexpansion
slotonthePC’s-motherboard,togivethePCextracapabilities.Alotofthefeatures
originallyprovidedbyexpansioncards,likesound,graphicsandnetworkconnections,are
nowbuiltin.
expansiondepth(n)~Thenumberoflevelstowhichaminimizedhierarchicalscorecard
canbeopened.
expansionslot(n)~Asocketinacomputer,designedtoholdexpansionboardsand
connectthemtothesystembus.
expansivestemming(n)~Theprocessofexpandingstems(rootformsofwords)totheir
inflectedforms.Forexample,thewordswim’isexpandedtotheforms‘swimming’and
‘swam.’Expansivestemmingcancreatealistofallpossiblewordformsthatcanbeused
bythequeryprocessoralongsidethequerystring.‘
expecteddeploymentresults(n)~Thecompletedeploymentinformationassociatedwith
apre-stagedorunknowndevice,basedonparametersdefinedbytheuserintheExpected
DeploymentResultsWizardandWindowsDeploymentServicesconfiguration,which
wouldbetheresultofperformingaproductiondeploymentwithaclientdevicethat
matchedtheparametersspecifiedintheWizard.
expectedduration(n)~Thetotalspanofactiveworkingtimeexpectedforatask,thatis,
theamountoftimefromtheexpectedstarttotheexpectedfinishofatask.
expectedpurchaseordernetamount(n)~Theanticipatedcurrencyamountfora
purchaseorderline,calculatedasfollows:PurchaseorderNetunitprice*Invoice
quantity.
expectedrevenue(n)~Theamountofmoneyanopportunityisexpectedtogenerate.
ExpeditedForwarding(n)~Aclassforthedeliveryofaudiomediastreams.
expenditure(n)~Acostorexpensethatisexpendedduringanaccountingperiod.
expenditurecycle(n)~Arecurringsetofprocurement,receipt,payment,andtransfer
activitiescontrolledbyoneormorepartiesthatparticipateinexchangeandnonexchange
transactions.
expenditurerecognitionaccountingrule(n)~Arecognitionaccountingrulethat
prescribestherecognitionofexpenditureinaccountsandonfinancialstatements.
expense(n)~Acostincurredbyabusinessinanattempttoobtainrevenue.
expense(n)~Acostthatexpireswhenthebenefitsthatincurredthecostarereceived
duringanaccountingperiod.
expensededuction(n)~AllowanceunderU.S.TaxSection179forexpensingallora
portionofthecostofanassetintheyearofacquisition,ratherthanexpensing,or
depreciating,overthelifeoftheasset.ASection179deductionanddepreciationare
mutuallyexclusive.
expenseproduct(n)~Areceivedproductthatisacurrentasset,notheldforsaleor
consumedinproduction,andforwhichthereisnostockcontrolpolicyrequiringquantity
trackingorinventorycontrolpolicyrequiringstockvaluetracking,andforwhichthereis
anaccountingpolicyrequiringtherecordingofthecostasanexpense.
experience(n)~Asetofscenariosthatleadtoadesiredoutcomebyacustomersegment.
Expertise(PN)~Thefieldinusers’Yammerprofilesthatallowsthemtolistskillsor
knowledgethattheyhave.
expiration(n)~Thepointatwhichanobjecthasexceededthecachetime-outvalue.
Whenanobjectexpires,itisevicted.
expirationdate(n)~Thedateonwhichsomethingceasestobeeffective.
expirationdate(n)~Thedateafterwhichinformationoraresourceisnolongervalid.
ExpirationDateoption(n)~AnoptiononthePolicyFilterpageforsettinganexpiration
date.Thisoptioncanbespecifiedforanypolicyrule.
expireinterval(n)~ForDNS,thenumberofsecondsthatDNSserversoperatingas
secondarymastersforazonewillusetodetermineifzonedatashouldbeexpiredwhen
thezoneisnotrefreshedandrenewed.
expiredvirtualmachine(n)~Avirtualmachinethatcannolongerbemanagedbythe
self-serviceuserwhoownsitbecausethevirtualmachine’sexpirationdatehaspassed.
Explicit(PN)~InStore,labelforsongsorvideoswhosecontentcontainsexplicit
sexuality,violence,orcursewords.
explicitcap(n)~Anexplicithierarchyusedasthetoplevelofaderivedhierarchy
structure.
ExplicitCongestionNotification(n)~Aframerelaynetworktechnologyfor,monitoring
andadaptingtothenetworkbandwidthavailablefordeliveryofdatapacketsbetween
sourceanddestinationnodes.Eitherthesourceorthedestinationnodemaysetabitina
packetheadertorequestthatthetransmissionorrequestratebedecreased.
explicitdatacontext(n)~Abindingtoadatasourcewithinthedatacontextthatis
specifiedforthecurrentobjectoroneofitsparents.
explicitdiscovery(n)~Afeaturethatdefinesthelogicforlocatingonlythenetwork
devicesthatyouspecifyandthatyouwantOperationsManagertomonitor.
explicithierarchy(n)~InMasterDataServices,ahierarchythatusesconsolidated
memberstogroupotherconsolidatedandleafmembers.-
explicitinterfaceimplementation(n)~Theimplementationofaclassorstructure
memberthatisaccessibleonlythroughtheinterfacethattheclassorstructureimplements.
ExplicitLanguage(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainment
RatingOrganization(CERO).
explicitloading(n)~Apatternofloadingwhererelatedobjectsarenotloadeduntil
explicitlyrequestedbyusingtheLoadmethodonanavigationproperty.
explicitpermission(n)~Atypeofobjectpermissionthatisdefinedwhentheobjectis
created,specificallyassigned,orchangedbytheowneroftheobject.
explicitprofiling(n)~Aninformationcollectingprocessinwhichcustomersvisitinga
Websitesupplyprofiledataaboutthemselves.
explicitselection(n)~Aselectionthatauserintentionallymakeswithaninputdevice.
explicittargeting(n)~Theprocessofdeliveringtargetedcontentbyusingexistingdata
aboutthecustomerswhobrowseyoursite.
explicittransaction(n)~AgroupofSQLstatementsenclosedwithintransaction
delimitersthatdefineboththestartandendofthetransaction.
explode(v)~Todeterminethetotalquantitiesofcomponentsneededforamanufactured
item.
explodeddoughnutchart(n)~Adoughnutchartthatdisplaysthecontributionofeach
valuetoatotalwhileemphasizingindividualvalues,byshowingeachsliceofthe
doughnutaspulledout
explodedpie(n)~Apiechartthatdisplaysthecontributionofeachvaluetoatotalwhile
emphasizingindividualvalues,byshowingeachsliceofthepieaspulledout
explodedpiechart(n)~Apiechartthatdisplaysthecontributionofeachvaluetoatotal
whileemphasizingindividualvalues,byshowingeachsliceofthepieaspulledout
Exploding(n)~AcreditanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
ExplodingOutline(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
exploit(n)~Maliciouscodethattakesadvantageofvulnerabilitiesinothersoftwarein
ordertotakeunwantedandunexpectedactiononimpactedsystems.Anexploitisoften
usedtoinstallothermaliciousorpotentiallyunwantedsoftwareonatargetcomputer
withouttheknowledgeorconsentoftheaffecteduser.
exploit(v)~Tousemaliciouscodethattakesadvantageofvulnerabilitiesinother
softwareinordertotakeunwantedandunexpectedactiononimpactedsystems.
exploit~anattackonacomputersystem,especiallyonethattakesadvantageofa
particularvulnerabilitythatthesystemofferstointruders.Usedasaverb,thetermrefers
totheactofsuccessfullymakingsuchanattack.
exploitvulnerability(n)~Thevulnerabilitythatmakesacomputersusceptibletoan
exploit.
exploratorytesting(n)~Thetestingofanapplicationwithoutasetoftestsdefinedin
advance.
explosion(n)~Theprocessofdetermingthetotalquantitiesofcomponentsneededfora
manufactureditem.
exponentialmovingaverage(n)~Amovingaverageofdatathatgivesmoreweightto
themorerecentdataintheperiodandlessweighttotheolderdataintheperiod.The
formulaappliesweightingfactorswhichdecreaseexponentially.Theweightingforeach
olderdatapointdecreasesexponentially,givingmuchmoreimportancetorecent
observationswhilestillnotdiscardingolderobservationsentirely.
exponentialtrendline(n)~Acurvedtrendlinethatisusedwhendatavaluesriseorfallat
constantlyincreasingrates.
exponentiation(n)~Theoperationinwhichanumberisraisedtoagivenpower,asin23.
Incomputerprogramsandprogramminglanguages,exponentiationisoftenshownbya
caret(^),asin2^3.
export(v)~Tooutputdataanddatabaseobjectstoanotherdatabase,spreadsheet,orfile
formatsoanotherdatabase,application,orprogramcanusethedataordatabaseobjects.
Youcanexportdatatoavarietyofsupporteddatabases,programs,andfileformats.
Export(n)~Areportthatlistsallfilesunderthespecifiednamespace.Anumberofuseful
filesystempropertiesareincludedforeachfile.Thegenerateddataissuitablefor
importingintodataprocessingapplicationsforfurtheranalysis.
Export(PN)~UIfeaturethatallowsyoutoexportdatatoanotherprogramlikeExcel.
ExportCommodityClassificationNumber(PN)~Afivecharacteralpha-numeric
classificationusedintheCommerceControlListtoidentifyitemsforexportcontrol
purposesasdefinedinlicensinginformationbytheUSgovernment.
exportformat(n)~UItextforsubscriptionsandHTMLviewer.Correspondstorendering
extensions.
exportformat(n)~Thefileformatfortheexportofpayments.
ExportXMLWizard(n)~AfeatureinMicrosoftCRMCustomizationthatexports
customizedformsandviews.
expose(v)~TohostandmakeavailableaWebservicesothatitcanbeusedbyother
applicationsorservices.
exposure(n)~Theamountoflightemittedontoafilmorimagesensor.
exposurebias(n)~Acontrolonmostdigitalcamerasthatletsyoucontroltheunder-or
over-exposureoftheimage.
exposurebiascompensation(n)~Acontrolonmostdigitalcamerasthatletsyoucontrol
theunder-orover-exposureoftheimage.
exposurebracketing(n)~Aphotographictechniqueoftakingmultiplephotosofthe
samescenewithdifferentexposuresettings.
exposurecompensation(n)~Acontrolonmostdigitalcamerasthatletsyoucontrolthe
under-orover-exposureoftheimage.
exposurelimit(n)~Thenumberoftimesapieceofcontentcanbeshowntoacustomer
withinasession.Bydefault,theexposurelimitissettonoexposurelimit.Itis
recommendedthattheupperexposurelimitisnotsettomorethan10exposuresper
customerpersession.
exposuretime(n)~Theamountoftimeashutterisopenduringexposuretoallowthe
lighttoreachthefilmor,indigitalcameras,theimagesensor.
expressfullbackup(n)~Asynchronizationoperationinwhichtheprotectionagent
transfersasnapshotofallblocksthathavechangedsincethepreviousexpressfullbackup
(orinitialreplicacreation,forthefirstexpressfullbackup).
ExpressLicensedescription(n)~AdescriptionoftheExpresslicense.
expressmessage(n)~ForMessageQueuing,amessagethatusesfewerresourcesandis
fasterthanarecoverablemessage.However,becauseexpressmessagesaremappedto
memory,theyarelostifthecomputerstoringthemfails.
ExpressUpgrade(PN)~ThepromotionalprogramthatencouragesOEMDirectandSBC
toupgradetoWindowsVista.
expresswriter(n)~Aschemeforapplicationstoonlyidentifytheircomponentsrequiring
tobebackedupwithoutthenecessityofcreatingafullVSSwriter.
expression(n)~Anycombinationofoperators,constants,literalvalues,functions,and
namesoffields(columns),controls,andpropertiesthatevaluatestoasinglevalue.
expressionbox(n)~Acontrolonaformthatdisplaysread-onlydataastheresultofa
lookuporcalculationagainstthedatausinganXPathexpression.
ExpressionBuilder(n)~Atoolyouusetocreateanexpression.TheExpressionBuilder
includesalistofcommonexpressionsthatyoucanselectfromtodefinethepropertiesyou
wanttotarget.
expressionhostassembly(n)~Allexpressionsfoundwithinareportarethatare
compiledintoanassembly.Theexpressionhostassemblyisstoredasapartofthe
compiledreport.
expressionstore(n)~ThetablesinaCommerceServerdatabasethatstoreexpression
information.
expressiontree(n)~Atree-formdatarepresentationofthestructureoflanguage-level
codeexpressions.
ExpressRoute(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatenablesuserstocreateprivate
connectionsbetweenAzuredatacentersandinfrastructureonpremisesorinacolocation
environment.
extendedaffinity(n)~Atypeofclientaffinitythatispreservedwhenconfiguringa
changetoaNetworkLoadBalancingcluster.Italsoallowsclientstokeepaffinitytoa
clusterhosteveniftherearenoexistingconnectionsfromtheclienttothehost.
extendedamount(n)~Thefigurecalculatedbymultiplyingthequantityofaserviceor
productbytheamountoftheitem.
extendedcharacter(n)~Anyofthe128additionalcharactersintheextendedASCII(8-
bit)characterset.Thesecharactersincludethoseinseveralnon-Englishlanguages,suchas
accentmarks,andspecialsymbolsusedforcreatingpictures.
extendeddesktop(n)~Acomputerdesktopareathatextendsacrossalldisplaysthatare
connectedtoacomputer.
eXtendedDevelopmentEnvironment(n)~Anextendeddevelopmentenvironment
integratingMicrosoftVisualStudio.NETandRationalApplicationDeveloper.
extendedformregistration(n)~AservicefromBGCthatincludesasupplementary
registrationinordertoreceivereportsofallreferencenumbersonpaymentsmadebygiro
transfer/depositslip.Thisservicecanbeextendedwithcontrolsofthereferencenumber.
ExtendedIndustryStandardArchitecture(n)~Abusstandardfortheconnectionof
add-oncardstoaPCmotherboard,suchasvideocards,internalmodems,soundcards,
drivecontrollers,andcardsthatsupportotherperipherals.EISAwasintroducedin1988
byaconsortiumofninecomputerindustrycompanies.Thecompanies—ASTResearch,
Compaq,Epson,Hewlett-Packard,NEC,Olivetti,Tandy,Wyse,andZenith—were
referredtocollectivelyastheGangofNine’.EISAmaintainscompatibilitywiththe
earlierIndustryStandardArchitecture(ISA)butprovidesforadditionalfeatures
introducedbyIBMinitsMicroChannelArchitecturebusstandard.EISAhasa32-bitdata
path
extendedkeyusage(n)~Anextendedpropertyvaluethatspecifiestheusesforwhicha
certificateisvalid.
extendedmember(n)~AmemberthatisaddedtoaTypeNameorMshObjectinstanceby
developers(cmdletorscript).
extendedmemory(n)~Memorybeyondonemegabytein80286,80386,80486,and
Pentiumcomputers.
extendednetwork(n)~Thepeopleinsomeone’snetwork-€”theirMessengerandprofile
contacts-€”plustheprofilecontactsofpeopleintheirnetwork.
extendedpartition(n)~Atypeofpartitionthatyoucancreateonlyonbasicmasterboot
record(MBR)disks.Extendedpartitionsareusefulifyouwanttocreatemorethanfour
volumesonabasicMBRdisk.Unlikeprimarypartitions,youdonotformatanextended
partitionwithafilesystemandthenassignadrivelettertoit.Instead,youcreateoneor
morelogicaldriveswithintheextendedpartition.Afteryoucreatealogicaldrive,you
formatitandassignitadriveletter.AnMBRdiskcanhaveuptofourprimarypartitions
orthreeprimarypartitions,oneextendedpartition,andmultiplelogicaldrives.
extendedpermission(n)~Apermissionthatisspecifictoanobjectaddedtothestandard
ActiveDirectoryobjectschema.Thepermissionassociatedwiththenewobjectextends
theexistingdefaultpermissionset.
extendedprice(n)~Theitempricethatisenteredonapurchaseorder.
extendedprice(n)~Thepriceofaquantityofproductexpressedinpurchaseunits
calculatedfromthesalesunitprice,multipliedbytheproductquantityinpurchaseunits,
dividedbythesalesunitquantity.
Extendedproperty(n)~User-definedtext(descriptiveorinstructionalincludinginput
masksandformattingrules)specifictoadatabaseordatabaseobject.Thetextisstoredin
thedatabaseasapropertyofthedatabaseorobject.
ExtendedProtectionforAuthentication(PN)~Asecurityfeaturethathelpsprotect
againstman-in-the-middle(MITM)attacks.
extendedregistration(n)~Aregistrationthatrequiresmeetingparticipantsorviewersof
arecordingtosupplytheire-mailaddressandcompanyname,inadditiontotheirname,
whenloggingintotheLiveMeetingservice.
extendedselection(n)~Aselectiontechniquethatisoptimizedfortheselectionofa
singleobjectorsinglerangeusingcontiguousselectiontechniques.However,italso
supportsmodifyinganexistingselectionusingdisjointselectiontechniques.
extendedstoredprocedure(n)~Afunctioninadynamiclinklibrary(DLL)thatiscoded
usingtheSQLServerExtendedStoredProcedureAPI.Thefunctioncanthenbeinvoked
fromTransact-SQLusingthesamestatementsthatareusedtoexecuteTransact-SQL
storedprocedures.
extendedverb(n)~Averb(shortcutmenuitem)thatisinvokedbyaShellobjectwhena
userright-clickstheobjectwhilepressingtheSHIFTkeyinthecontextmenu.
extendedview(n)~Thedisplayofadditionaldataorinformationthatdoesnotappearin
thestandardview.
extended-selectionlistbox(n)~Alistboxthatsupportsmultipleselection,butis
optimizedforaselectionofasingleobjectorsinglerange.Seealsoextendedselection
andlistbox.
extendercontrol(n)~InASP.NET,acontrolthatencapsulatesfunctionalitythatis
implementedinJavaScriptandthatdefinesbehaviorinthebrowser.Extendercontrolsare
associatedwithexistingWebservercontrolstoaddtheextender’sbehaviortothatcontrol.
Forexample,anextendercontrolcanaddawatermarktoanyTextBoxcontrolordrag-
and-dropbehaviortoavarietyofASP.NETWebservercontrols.
extenderobject(n)~Anobjectimplementedbythecontainer,generallybyaggregating
withthecontrol.AnExtenderobjectwrapsaroundanActiveXcontroltoaddproperties,
methods,andeventssuchasTabStop,Move,GotFocus,andValidate.
extensibility(n)~Thecapacitytoextendorstretchthefunctionalityofthedevelopment
environment-toaddsomethingtoitthatdidn’texisttherebefore.
extensibilityapplication(n)~Anexternalsoftwareapplicationthataddsanewserviceor
featuretoaprogramorenvironment.
ExtensibleApplicationMarkupLanguage(PN)~AnXML-basedlanguageusedto
representatreeofobjects.Eventsgeneratedbytheseobjectscanbehandledusingany
.NETprogramminglanguage.
eXtensibleBusinessReportingLanguage(oth)~AnXMLlanguagefortheelectronic
communicationofbusinessandfinancialdata.
ExtensibleFirmwareInterface(oth)~Atypeofinterfacebetweenacomputer,firmware,
hardware,andtheoperatingsystem.EFIdefinesanewpartitionstylecalledGUID
partitiontable(GPT).EFIservesthesamepurposeasthebasicinput/outputsystem
(BIOS)foundinmostx86-basedcomputers.
ExtensibleFirmwareInterfacesystempartition(n)~AsmallportiononaGUID
partitiontable(GPT)diskthatisformattedwiththefileallocationtable(FAT)filesystem
andcontainsthefilesnecessarytostartthecomputerandpassexecutiontoanoperating
systemwhichresidesonanotherpartition.
ExtensibleHTML(PN)~AmarkuplanguagethatextendsHTMLandreformulatesitas
XML.
ExtensibleMarkupLanguage(n)~Amarkuplanguagefordescribingandexchanging
structureddatainaformatthatisindependentofoperatingsystemsandapplications.XML
isaWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)specificationandisasubsetofStandard
GeneralizedMarkupLanguage(SGML).
eXtensibleMetadataPlatform(n)~Anextensiblemarkuplanguagethatrecords
metadatainasyntaxthatisasubsetofXML.ItisusedinPDF,photographyandphoto
editingapplicationsandwasfirstintroducedbyAdobeSystemsinApril2001.
extensiblerightsmarkuplanguage(n)~Aproposedstandarddigitalrightsmanagement
(DRM)markuplanguagewhichenablesuserstospecifyrightsandconditionsassociated
withresources,suchasdigitalcontentorWebservices.
ExtensibleStorageEngine(PN)~Amethodthatdefinesalow-levelAPItothe
underlyingdatabasestructuresinExchangeServer.ExtensibleStorageEngineisalsoused
byotherdatabases,suchastheActiveDirectorydirectoryservicedatabase.
ExtensibleStylesheetLanguage(n)~AnXMLvocabularythatisusedtotransformXML
datatoanotherform,suchasHTML,bymeansofastylesheetthatdefinespresentation
rules.
ExtensibleStylesheetLanguageTransformations(n)~Adeclarative,XML-based
languagethatisusedtopresentortransformXMLdata.
extension(n)~Asetofcharactersaddedtotheendofafilenamethatidentifiesthefile
typeorformat.
extension(n)~Aprogramorprogrammodulethataddsfunctionalitytoorextendsthe
effectivenessofaprogram.
Extension~ThepartofaPCfilenameafterthedot(.),oftenusedtotellWindowswhat
typeoffileitis.Forexample,filesendingin.exeareprograms,andfilesending.jpgor
.gifarepictures.NotethatWindowsisoftensetupnottodisplaytheextensionin
WindowsExplorerorMyComputer,anotherhelpfulideatoconfusebeginnersfromour
friendsatMicrosoft.
extensionhandler(n)~AhandlerthatspecifiesadditionalactionstobetakenonShell
itemsbeyondthatwhichcanbedefinedthroughregistryentriesor.inifiles,suchas
actionsspecifictomembersofagivenfiletype.
extensionmethod(n)~Astaticmethodthatcanbeinvokedbyusinginstancemethod
syntax.Ineffect,extensionmethodsmakeitpossibletoextendexistingtypesand
constructedtypeswithadditionalmethods.
extensionpoint(n)~Alocationwithinausecaseatwhichanactionsequencefrom
anotherusecasemaybeinserted.Withinausecase,eachextensionpointnamemustbe
unique.ExtensionpointsappearinacompartmentatthebottomoftheUseCaseshape.
extent(n)~Thewidthorheightoftheviewport.
extent(n)~Onadiskorotherdirect-accessstoragedevice,acontinuousblockofstorage
spacereservedbytheoperatingsystemforaparticularfileorprogram.
external(adj)~Importedfromanaccountingsystem.Referstotheproductorserviceitem
listthatwasimportedfromtheaccountingsystemintoBusinessContactManagerfor
Outlook.
externalaccess(n)~Authenticatedaccessthatcanbegrantedtoexternalpartnersand
clientstoenablesharingofselectedSharePointOnlinecontent.
ExternalApplicationXML(n)~XMLthatprovidesinformationaboutanexternal
applicationandabouttheWebPartthathostsit.
ExternalCache1.0(PN)~Adisk-basedcachemoduleforIIS7thatisusedtomanagethe
hostnameaffinitydatabetweenmultipleinstancesofApplicationRequestRouting(ARR)
servers.
externalcontact(n)~PeopleoutsidetheOutlookLiveorganizationwhocanbeaddedto
publicgroupsanddisplayedinyourorganization’saddressbookandotheraddresslists.
Externalcontactshavee-mailaddressesoutsidetheorganizationandcan’tsignintoyour
domain.
ExternalContacts(PN)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatallowsasmallamountof
informationtobeviewed,typicallyfornonfederatedcontacts.
externalcontenttype(PN)~Anobject(suchasacustomer,item,oremployee)that
sharesasetofdefinedattributesorcharacteristics,andthatisusedtomanagerulesfor
data.
ExternalContentTypeCollaboration(PN)~AfeaturethatturnsontheCollaborateOn
functionalityforasitecollection.
ExternalContentTypedatasource(n)~Atypeofdatasourceusedtoconnecttoan
externaldatasource.
ExternalContentTypeDesigner(PN)~AmodelingtoolinSharePointDesignerthat
enablesuserstocreateexternalcontenttypes,externallistsandformswithoutwriting
code.
ExternalContentTypePicker(PN)~?ABCSfeaturethatallowsusersofacomposite
solutiontoselectanexternalcontenttypefromwithinanOfficeclientapplication.
externalcontext(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,acontextthatiscreatedbyan
applicationcomponentthatisexternaltotheTaskScheduler.Anexternalcontext
generatesparallelworkforaTaskSchedulerandparticipatesinthatwork.
externalcustomer(n)~Anoutsideorganizationorindividualthatsubmitsasalesorder
forgoodsorservices.
externaldata(n)~Datathatisstoredoutsideoftheapplicationthatiscurrentlyinuse.
externaldatacolumn(n)~Acolumntypethatallowsdatafromexternalsystemstobe
incorporatedintoSharePointlists.
ExternalDataGrid(PN)~AWebPartthatdisplaysalistofexternalitemsfroma
businessapplicationregisteredintheBDCMetadataStore.
ExternalDataGridWebPart(PN)~AWebPartthatdisplaysalistofexternalitems
fromabusinessapplicationregisteredintheBDCMetadataStore.
ExternalDataItem(PN)~AWebPartthatcandisplayasingleiteminanexternallist.
ExternalDataItemBuilder(PN)~AWebPartthatcreatesanexternalitembasedon
parametersinthequerystringandprovidesittootherWebParts.ThisWebPartisused
onlyonexternaldataprofilepages.
ExternalDataItemBuilderWebPart(PN)~AWebPartthatcreatesanexternalitem
basedonparametersinthequerystringandprovidesittootherWebParts.ThisWebPart
isusedonlyonexternaldataprofilepages.
ExternalDataItemWebPart(PN)~AWebPartthatcandisplayasingleiteminan
externallist.
externaldatapart(n)~AsetofcontrolsthatinteractwithexternaldatathroughBCS.
externaldataprovider(n)~Abusinessentity,typicallyacompany,thatprovidesupto
datedatatoaMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuser.
externaldatarange(n)~Arangeofdatathatisbroughtintoaworksheetbutthat
originatesoutsideofExcel,suchasinadatabaseortextfile.
ExternalDataRelatedList(PN)~AWebPartthatdisplaysalistofrelatedexternal
itemsfromabusinessapplication.
ExternalDataRelatedListWebPart(PN)~AWebPartthatdisplaysalistofrelated
externalitemsfromabusinessapplication.
ExternalDataWebParts(n)~Out-of-the-boxWebPartsthatareshippedaspartof
BusinessConnectivityServices.
externaldatabase(n)~Thesourceofthetablethatistobelinkedorimportedtothe
currentdatabase,orthedestinationofatablethatistobeexported.
externaldeliverysystem(n)~Asystem,suchasMicrosoftExchangeServer,thatdelivers
formattednotificationstodestinationdevices.
externaldependency(n)~Arelationshipinwhichthestartorfinishdateofatask
dependsonataskinanotherproject.
externaldisplay(n)~Acomputermonitorthatsupplementsthemainmonitor.
externaldrive(n)~Astand-alonedrivethatisexternallyconnectedbyacabletothe
computersystem.
externalendpoint(n)~Theendpointonwhicharoleinstancereceivesinboundtraffic.
externalhyperlink(n)~Ahyperlinkpointingtoapageorfilethatisoutsideofthe
currentweb.
ExternalIdentityAuthentication(n)~IntheMulti-FactorAuthenticationserviceofthe
AzureIdentityService,theprocesstograntaccesstoresourcestoexternalusersusing
third-partycredentials.
externalitem(n)~Anspecificoccurenceofanexternalcontenttype.
ExternalItemPicker(PN)~ABCSfeaturethatallowsusersofacompositesolutionto
selectexternaldatafromwithinanOfficeclientapplication.
externalkey(n)~Afilethatcontainsinformationtoaccesscryptographicallylockeddata,
whichisstoredawayfromthesystem,suchasonaUSBflashdrive.
externalkeyfile(n)~Afilethatcontainstheexternalkeyandisstoredonanexternal
mediadevice.ThenameandcontentsofthefileareinternaltoMicrosoftandcanchange
fromversiontoversion.
externallist(PN)~AWindowsSharePointServicesorSharePointServerlistfroman
externalcontenttype.
externallistdeployment(n)~AutomateddeploymentofasimplesolutionforBCS,using
ClickOncetechnology.AnexamplewouldbetakinganexternallistofflinetoOutlookor
SharePointWorkspace.
externalloadbalancer(n)~Aload-balancingmechanismthatislocatedexternallytoa
firewallserver,e.g.ahardware-basedsolution.
externalnetworknumber(n)~A4-bytehexadecimalnumberusedforaddressingand
routingpurposesonNetWarenetworks.Theexternalnetworknumberisassociatedwith
physicalnetworkadaptersandnetworks.
externalport(n)~AportonacomputerthatisavailableontheInternet.
externalpredecessor(n)~Apredecessortoataskinthecurrentprojectthatresidesin
anotherproject,representedbyataskthatappearsdimmedinthetasklist.
externalproject(n)~Aprojectwithadirectcustomerrelation.
Externalsharing(PN)~Afeaturethatmanagestheabilitytosharevariouscomponents
oftheOffice365site(suchasOutlookcalendars,SharePointsites,andLyncmeetings)
withvisitorsorexternalusers.
externalsourcesystem(n)~Adatarepository,suchasadatawarehouse,datamart,or
OLTPsystem,thatisoutsideaspecificdeployment.
externalstoragecard(n)~Adevicefordatastoragethatisexternaltoacomputer’smain
memory.
externalstyle(n)~Astyleinanexternalstylesheet.
externalstylesheet(n)~Acascadingstylesheet(CSS)inafilewitha.cssfilename
extension.
externalstylesheet(n)~Astylesheetdefinedinausercontrolinan.ascxfile.
externalsuccessor(n)~Asuccessortoataskinthecurrentprojectthatresidesinanother
project,representedbyataskthatappearsdimmedinthetasklist.
ExternalSystem(PN)~AsupportedsourceofdatathatcanbemodeledbyBusiness
ConnectivityServices,suchasadatabase,Webservice,orcustom.NETFramework
assembly.
externaltable(n)~Atableoutsidetheopendatabaseorproject.
externaltask(n)~Ataskthatrepresentsalinkedtaskinanotherproject,providingan
easywaytoreviewtheattributesoflinkedtaskswithoutswitchingbetweenprojects.An
externaltaskcanbechangedonlyinthesourceproject.
externaltask(n)~Alineiteminatimesheetthatdoesnotcorrespondtoaprojecttaskin
ProjectServer.
externalURLmapping(n)~AURLmappingforobjectsthatarenotpartoftheWSS
system.
externaluser(n)~Auserwhoconnectstoanaccountfromoutsidethefirewall.
externaluserinvitationreport(n)~Areportthatliststheemailaddress,invitationdate,
invitationstatus,andinvitationsubmitterforexternalusersinvitedtoaSharePointsite
collection.
externalvirtualnetwork(n)~Avirtualnetworkconfiguredtouseaphysicalnetwork
adapter.Externalvirtualnetworksareusedtoconnectvirtualmachinestoexternal
networks.
extracolor(n)~Acolorthatisnotpartofacolorscheme.
extra-bold(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof800
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
extract(v)~Toremoveorduplicateitemsfromalargergroupinasystematicmanner.
extract(v)~Todecompress,orpullout,filesfromacompressedform.Whenyouextract
afile,anuncompressedcopyofthefileisplacedinthefolderyouspecify.Theoriginal
fileremainsinthecompressedfolder.Compressedfilesfrequentlyhavea.zipfilename
extension.
extract(v)~TobuildaDACpackagefilethatcontainsthedefinitionsofalltheobjectsin
anexistingdatabase,aswellasinstanceobjectsthatareassociatedwiththedatabase.
extract~Adatasynopsisfromagivensystemwhichispassedtoanothersystemto
completeprocessing.
extractionrule(n)~ArulethatcopiesastringfromaWebtestresponseandputsitinthe
testcontextforuselaterinthetest.
extraction,transformation,andloading(n)~Theactofextractingdatafromvarious
sources,transformingdatatoconsistenttypes,andloadingthetransformeddataforuseby
applications.
extra-light(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof200
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
extranet(n)~Anextensionofanorganization’sintranetusedtofacilitatecommunication
withtheorganization’strustedpartners.Anextranetallowssuchtrustedpartnerstogain
limitedaccesstotheorganization’sinternalbusinessdata.
Extranet~Avirtualintranet.Companiesdesiringanintranetbutnothavingtheinternal
bearernetworkonwhichtoprovideit,canlooktoanexternalserviceprovidertosupply
it.
Extranet~Twoormoreautonomousandseparatelyownedintranets,connectedtogether
inordertoformanextendedintranet.Forexample,acarmanufactureranditssuppliers
mayeachhavetheirownIntranets,accessibleonlytotheirrespectiveemployees.
ExtrasLibrary(PN)~ArenamingoftheVistaProgramLibraryexperiencethat
showcasesandallowsquickaccesstoinstalledMediaCenterExtras.
extrinsicevent(n)~Anextrinsiceventisapredefinedoccurrencethatcannotbelinked
directlytochangesintheWMIdatamodel.Therefore,WMIenablesaneventproviderto
defineaneventclassthatdescribestheevent.
eyeballs~anindustrytermfortherawnumberofpeoplewholookatawebsite.
eyedropper(n)~Atoolthatenablesausertosamplethecolorofanypixelonascreen
andapplythatcolortoanobject.
EZAnswer(PN)~ATicketdeflectionfeaturethatautomaticallyperformsa
KnowledgebasesearchusingtextfromspecificFieldsontheTicketsubmissionform.
F~
FSharp(PN)~Astronglytyped,multi-paradigmprogramminglanguagethat
encompassesfunctional,imperative,andobject-orientedprogrammingtechniques,most
oftenusedasacross-platformCLIlanguage,butalsotogenerateJavaScriptandGPU
code.
F#ToolsforVisualStudioExpress2013forWeb(n)~ThetoolsrelatedtoF#,whichis
astrongly-typed,functional-firstprogramminglanguageforwritingsimplecodetosolve
complexproblemsusingVisualStudioandthe.NETFramework.F#isdesignedtoreduce
thetime-to-deploymentandcomplexityofsoftwarecomponentssuchascalculation
enginesanddata-richanalyticalservicesinthemodernenterprise.
F12DeveloperTools(PN)~WebdevelopmenttoolsthatareaccessibleinInternet
ExplorerbypressingF12orclickingDeveloperToolsontheToolsmenu.
fabric(n)~InVMM,theinfrastructureresources(forexample,virtualmachinehosts,
networking,andstorage)thatareusedtocreateanddeployvirtualmachinesandservices
toaprivatecloud.
fabric(n)~Thenetworkofinterconnectednodesconsistingofservers,high-speed
connections,switches,andloadbalancersthatcollectivelymakesupthephysical
underpinningsoftheMicrosoftAzureplatform.Conceptually,therepetitivepatternof
nodesandconnectionssuggestsawovenorfabric-likenature.
fabriccontroller(n)~TheservicethatactsasthekerneloftheMicrosoftAzure
distributedcloudoperatingsystem,providingscheduling,resourceallocation,device
management,andfaulttolerancefornodesinthefabric.Italsomanagesthecomplete
applicationlifecycleincludingservicedeployment,healthmonitoring,servicehealing,
upgrading,anddeactivation.
face(n)~Asetofcharactersthatsharecommoncharacteristics,suchasstrokewidthand
thepresenceorabsenceofserifs(shortlinesattheupperandloweredgesofcharacters).
facedown(oth)~Anorientationofprintedpaperwheretheprintedsideisagainsta
surface.Forexample,paperisfacedownwhenitisplacedinacopierwiththeprintedside
againstthecopyingsurface.
facerecognition~Abiometrictechniquethatusesthegeometryofaperson’sfaceto
authenticateidentity.Limiteddeployments,suchasthoseforcheckcashing,areinplace.
facescanner(n)~Abiometricsensorthatanalysesdatapointsonyourfacetorecognize
orauthenticateidentity.
faceup(oth)~Anorientationofprintedpaperwheretheprintedsideisawayfroma
surface.Forexample,paperisfaceupwhenitisplacedinacopierwiththeprintedside
awayfromthecopyingsurface.
facevalue(n)~Thestatedvaluethatisdisplayedonthefaceofamonetaryunit,suchasa
bill,coin,orgiftcard.Forgiftcards,thefacevalueisthestartingbalance,whichwaspaid
whenthegiftcardwasissued.
Facebookpost(n)~Atextmessagethatcancontainalinktomultimediacontent,that
functionsasopinionorcomment,andthat’spublishedinauser’sspaceoracommonarea
oftheonlinesocial-networkingservicenamedFacebook.
facet(PN)~Asetoflogicalpre-definedpropertiesthatmodelthebehavioror
characteristicsforcertaintypesofmanagedtargets(suchasadatabase,table,login,
view,etc)inpolicy-basedmanagement.
Facet(PN)~Asetoflogicalpre-definedpropertiesthatmodelthebehavioror
characteristicsforcertaintypesofmanagedtargets(suchasadatabase,table,login,
view,etc)inpolicy-basedmanagement.
facet(n)~Aconstraint,suchasNullable,MaxLength,orPrecision,thatlimitsthe
allowablevaluesforaproperty.
facetproperty(n)~ApredefinedpropertythatappliestoaspecificfacetinPolicy-Based
Management.
facetednavigation(n)~Theprocessofrefiningasearchforinformationbyfilteringon
individualpropertiesorfacetsoftheitemsbeingsearched.
facility(n)~Aphysicalspace,suchasaroomorhall,whereaserviceactivitycanbe
performed.
facilityfield(n)~OneoffourfieldsofanSCODEthatindicatesthesystemservice
responsiblefortheerror.Itconsistsofauniquenumberthatisassignedtorepresentthe
errororwarning.
fact(n)~Userdatatowhichruleconditionsareapplied.Atdesigntime,afactisa
referencetothatdata.
fact(n)~Arowinafacttableinadatawarehouse.Afactcontainsvaluesthatdefinea
dataeventsuchasasalestransaction.
factbase(n)~Acollectionoffactsagainstwhichruleconditionsareevaluated.
factdata(n)~Measuresoffactsthatexistincontextwithoneormoredimensions.Afact
isaresultofanevent.
factdimension(n)~Arelationshipbetweenadimensionandameasuregroupinwhich
thedimensionmaintableisthesameasthemeasuregrouptable.
Factpane(PN)~AfeatureintheDesktopViewerthatdisplaysthecommentsinareport
andanychartsthatwerecreatedfromreportdata.
factretriever(n)~AcomponentthatimplementsanIFactRetrieverinterfacetoretrieve
user-specificfactinformationfromacustomstore.
factstore(n)~Thedatabasethatstoresinformation,includingroleandattributes,about
actors.Thefactstorealsoprovideshierarchynavigationsothatactionscandeterminethe
relativepositionsofactorswithinanorganization.
factstoremanager(n)~Thecomponentthatretrievesthefactinformationfromthe
variousFactRetrieverobjects.
facttable(n)~Acentraltableinadatawarehouseschemathatcontainsnumerical
measuresandkeysrelatingfactstodimensiontables.
FactBox(PN)~AUIpartontheright-sideofalistplaceortaskpagethatcancontains
graphs,lists,detailsorlinks.Itprovidesanat-a-glanceviewofrelevantinformationina
convenientway,helpingtoprovideinsightsandintelligenceaboutcustomeraccounts,
supplies,shippingstatus,financialstatusofanaccount,etc.
factor(n)~Inmathematics,anitemthatismultipliedinamultiplicationproblem;for
example,2and3arefactorsintheproblem2x3.Theprimefactorsofanumberareaset
ofprimenumbersthat,whenmultipliedtogether,producethenumber.
factordepreciationmethod(n)~Amethodofdepreciationthatusesaprogressiveor
digressivefactor.Forexample,ifthefactoris>50,thedepreciationisprogressive,which
meansthattheamountofdepreciationincreaseseachdepreciationperiod.Ifthefactoris
<50,thedepreciationisdigressive,andtheamountofdepreciationdecreaseseach
depreciationperiod.
factorial(n)~Expressedasn!(nfactorial),theresultofmultiplyingthesuccessive
integersfrom1throughn;n!equalsnx(n-1)x(n-2)x…x1.
factory(n)~Aservercomponentthatinstantiatesotherservercomponents.
factoryimage(n)~TheoriginalWindowsoperatingsystemimagefileortheOEM
customWindowsoperatingsystemimage.
factorymethod(n)~Amethod,usuallydefinedasstatic,whosepurposeistoreturnan
instanceofaclass.
fade(n)~Theperiodbetweenthecentral,orsustain,portionofaeffectanditsend.
Fade(n)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertospecifythedegreeoftransparencyofan
image.
Fade,BounceWipe(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Fade,EllipseWipe(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Fade,InandOut(n)~AcreditortitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Fade,SlowZoom(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Fade,Wipe(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
failfastexception(n)~Anexceptionthatcannotbecaughtbyanyexceptionhandlerand
thatimmediatelycausestheapplicationtoterminateandlauncherrorreporting.
failback(n)~Inafailoverclusterorservercluster,theprocessofreturningaclustered
serviceorapplicationtoitspreferrednodeafterthenodehasfailedandthencomeback
online.
failbackpolicy(n)~Asetofparametersthatanadministratorcansetforafailovercluster
orserverclusterthataffectfailbackoperations.
failed(n)~Astatethatappliestoaresourceoranodeinafailoverclusterorserver
cluster.Aresourceoranodeisplacedinthefailedstateafteraspecifiednumberof
unsuccessfulattemptstobringitonline.
failedfunction(n)~Thefunctioncallfromthecallstackthatactuallycausedan
exception,forexample,thelastmethodcalledfromtheusercodeoracalltoawebservice
or.NETRemotingcall.
failedtransaction(n)~Atransactionthatencounteredanerrorandwasnotableto
complete.
failover(n)~Inafailoverclusterorservercluster,theprocessoftakingaclusteredservice
orapplicationofflineononenodeandbringingitbackonlineonanothernode.
failover~Failoverisabackupoperationalmodeinwhichthefunctionsofasystem
componentareassumedbysecondarysystemcomponentswhentheprimarycomponent
becomesunavailablethrougheitherfailureorscheduleddowntime.
FailoverClusterManagementsnap-in(PN)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole
(MMC)snap-inthatisusedtovalidatefailoverclusterconfigurations,createandmanage
failoverclusters,andmigratecertainsettingstoaclusterrunningtheWindowsServer
2008operatingsystem.
FailoverClusterManager(PN)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)snap-inthat
isusedtovalidatefailoverclusterconfigurations,createandmanagefailoverclusters,and
migratecertainsettingstoaclusterrunningtheWindowsServer2008R2operating
system.
FailoverClusterManagersnap-in(PN)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)
snap-inthatisusedtovalidatefailoverclusterconfigurations,createandmanagefailover
clusters,andmigratecertainsettingstoaclusterrunningtheWindowsServer2008R2
operatingsystem.
failoverclustersnap-in(n)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)snap-inthatis
usedtovalidatefailoverclusterconfigurations,createandmanagefailoverclusters,and
migratecertainsettingstoacluster.
failoverclustering(n)~Ahighavailabilityprocessinwhichaninstanceofanapplication
oraservice,runningoveronemachine,canfail-overontoanothermachineinthefailover
clusterinthecasethefirstonefails.
FailoverManager(PN)~AWindowsFabricsystemserviceresponsibleforfailure
detectionandfailoverofservices,forcoordinatingtheplacementofreplicasacrossfailure
domains,forreconfigurationofthereplica-setbasedoncomplaintsinthesystem,for
balancingtheloadacrossallthenodes,andforensuringavailabilityandreliabilityofthe
services.
failoverpartner(n)~Theserverusediftheconnectiontothepartnerserverfails.
failoverrelationship(n)~TheconfigurationassignedtotwoDHCPserversthatprovide
forcontinuousavailabilityofDHCPservicetoclients.
failovertime(n)~Theamountoftimeittakesaresource,eitherindividuallyorina
group,tocompletethefailoverprocess.
failoverunit(PN)~Asetofconsistencyunitsthatwillfailovertogetherandthatcanbe
splitandmergedforloadbalancingreasonswithoutrequiringco-ordinationwiththe
service.
fail-safeoperator(n)~Auserwhoreceivesthealertifthedesignatedoperatorcannotbe
reached.
failure(n)~Theinabilityofacomputersystemorrelateddevicetooperatereliablyorto
operateatall.
failurenotification(n)~Atypeofcachenotificationtriggeredwhenthecacheclient
missesoneormorecachenotifications.
FairUsagePolicy(n)~Thepolicythatstatestherulesofacceptableuse,determinedby
Skype.
fallbackaction(n)~TheactionthatanExchangeServer2007transportruletakesifa
disclaimercannotbeappliedtoane-mailmessageas,forexample,whenamessageis
encrypted.
fallbackelement(n)~AnalternatecodetoruniftheXSLprocessordoesnotsupportan
XSLelement.
fallbackform(n)~Aformthatisdisplayedwhenanotherformoptionisn’texplicitlyset.
Anexamplewouldbeifanadministratorfailstodefineaformforaparticularsecurity
groupthathasaccesstotheapplication.
fallbacksite(n)~Thesiteinthehierarchythatclientsareassignedtowhentheyare
installedbyusingautomaticsiteassignmentandtheyarenotinaboundarygroupthathas
anassignedsite.
fallbackstatuspoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemrolethathelpsyou
monitorclientinstallationandidentifyclientsthatareunmanagedbecausetheyhave
problemscommunicatingwiththeirmanagementpoint.
fallbacktradingpartneragreement(n)~AcollectionofsettingsthatBizTalkServer
usesforbusiness-to-businessmessagehandling,whennoexplicitagreementispresent.
falsepositive(n)~Apositivetestorfilterresultinasubjectorbodyofdatathatdoesnot
possesstheattributeforwhichthefilterortestisbeingconducted.
false-positivesubmissioncopy(n)~Thecapabilityforuserstoenteraspecifice-mail
addresstoreceiveacopyofeverymessagesubmittedasafalsepositive
familiarOfficeprogram(n)~OneoftheclassicMicrosoftapplicationsthatcanbe
consideredtobeeasilyrecognizablebyconsumers.Forexample,Word,Excel,and
PowerPoint.
family(n)~Aseriesofhardwareorsoftwareproductsthathavesomepropertiesin
common,suchasaseriesofpersonalcomputersfromthesamecompany,aseriesofCPU
chipsfromthesamemanufacturerthatallusethesameinstructionset,asetof32-bit
operatingsystemsbasedonthesameAPI(forexample,Windows95andWindows98),or
asetoffontsthatareintendedtobeusedtogether,suchasTimesNewRoman.
family(n)~Anaccountholderwhoistheprimaryadministrator(parent)andthefamily
memberstheymanage.
family(PN)~Agamecategorydesignedforchildrenorall-agesfamilyplay.
Family(PN)~Asectionofaccount.microsoft.comwherepeoplecanmanagetheir
Microsoftfamily.
Family&kids(PN)~Agamecategorydesignedforchildrenorall-agesfamilyplay.
familyhistory(n)~Informationaboutthediseasesthatrunonthepatient’sfamily.
familymember(n)~Anaccountholderwhoisaparentorachild.
FamilyRoom(PN)~ThedefaultroomnameintheRoomsfeatureofthePeopleHub.
Basedontheconceptofthefamilyroom’inmanyhomes
FamilySafety(n)~AnitemintheWindowsControlPanelthatenablesuserstoaccess
ParentalControlsandotherthird-partyparentalcontrolfeatures,suchaswebfilters.
FamilySafety(n)~Softwarethatenablesparentsandguardianstocustomizechildren’s
webexperiencesinordertohelpprotecttheirsafetyandprivacyonline.
FamilySafety(PN)~Thelinktothesitetomanageonlineaccessrightsfor,andmonitor
internetusageof,familymembersonWindowsLiveFamilySafety.
family-friendlycontent(n)~Textorimagesappropriateforallusersincludingchildren;
oftenselectedviaaUIelement,suchasadictionaryparentalcontrol.
fanout(v)~Tosplitamessageforroutingpurposestodelivertomultiplerecipients.
fan-outquery(n)~Atechniqueforqueryingdataacrossmanymembersofadatabase
federation.Fan-outqueriesarecomposedofmemberqueriesandsummaryqueries.
fan-outthread(n)~Athreadthatcreatesmultiplemessagecopiesandplacestheminthe
appropriatelinkqueues.ThedispatcherthentriggersXFEROUTthreadstoprocessthe
fan-outmessagecopies.
FantasyViolence(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
fantasyviolence(n)~Alabelinavoluntarycontent-basedratingsystemusedbyTV
networksintheUnitedStatestoindicatetoviewersifaparticularshowhashigherlevels
ofsex,violenceoradultlanguage.
FAQ(n)~Adocumentlistingcommonquestionsandanswersonaparticularsubject.
FAQ~(FrequentlyAskedQuestions).Adocumentonawebsiteorinanewsgroupwhich
givesanswerstocommonproblemsandquestions.LookforanFAQifyouhavea
problemwithsomething,beforeyouemailorphonesupport.
farclippingplane(n)~Thefarboundaryofaviewingfrustumorcamerabeyondwhich
objectsarenotrendered.
fastcard(n)~AnNFC-enabledcard(likeacreditcard)thatuserscanuseforpaymentsor
othertransactionsevenwhenthephoneislocked.
fastfirstlogon(n)~Afolderredirectionfunctionalitythatfreesusersfromwaitingwhile
filesarecopiedtotheserverthefirsttimetheylogonafteraFolderRedirectionpolicyhas
beenappliedthatredirectsthepathofauserfoldertoanetworklocation.Italsooptimizes
networkusageonWANlinksbysynchronizingfilesasabackgroundtask.
fastforward(n)~Toadvanceaudioorvideoplaybackataspeedthatisfasterthan
normal.
FastForward(PN)~ThisfunctionquicklyinjectscontenthostedbyParatureintothe
specifiedfield.
FastFusion(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#84.
fastinventory(n)~Thereadingofthebarcodeofeachtapeinthelibrary.
fastpagemodeDRAM(n)~AnolderformofDRAM,usedinpersonalcomputersbefore
EDORAMwasintroduced,withtypicalclocktimingsof6-3-3-3.
fastpage-modeRAM(n)~AspeciallydesigneddynamicRAMthatsupportsaccessto
sequentialmemorylocationswithareducedcycletime.
fastroaming(n)~AsubsetoftheIEEE802.11kand802.11vprotocolsthatprovidesthe
wirelessclientwithamoredetailedunderstandingofnearbyWi-Fiaccesspointsanddoes
notrequiretheclienttoundergocompletere-authenticationwhentransitioningfromone
accesspointtotheother.
FastStart(PN)~AfeatureinBitRateThrottlingthatdeliversamaximumamountofdata
toaclient’sbufferbeforethrottlingisapplied.FastStartreducesstartuplatencyinthe
client.
faststartup(n)~Amethodofstartingthecomputerthatspeedsboottimebyendingthe
usersessionandhibernatingthecomputer,ratherthanshuttingdownallrunningservices.
FastUserSwitching(n)~AfeatureinWindowsthatallowsyoutoswitchtoadifferent
computeruseraccountwithoutclosingprogramsandfilesfirst.
FastIP~AnIPswitchingprotocoldevelopedby3Com.FastIPdiffersfromotherIP
switchinginthattheenduserinitiatestheprocess,notarouterorswitch.
FastTab(n)~Acontainerforlabelandcontrolpairsandforcomplexcontrolssuchas
grids.Itgroupsandorganizescomplexinformationintosimple,manageablegroups.Asit
displaystheinformationthatmakesuptheformitcannotberemovedfromthepage.
FastTabsareusedontaskpagesandtheycanbecollapsedandexpanded.TheFastTabis
anessentialpartoftheformitisonandistheevolutionofthetabsinNavision.
FAT(n)~AfilesystemusedbyMS-DOSandMicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystemsto
organizeandmanagefiles.
FAT~(FileAllocationTable;pr.‘fat’)Asortofindexofwheredataisstoredonahard
disk,usedbytheoperatingsystem.
FAT32(n)~Aderivativeofthefileallocationtable(FAT)filesystem.FAT32supports
smallerclustersizesandlargervolumesthanFAT,whichresultsinmoreefficientspace
allocationonFAT32volumes.
fatalerror(n)~Anerrorthatcausesthesystemoraprogramtofailabruptlywithnohope
ofrecovery.Anexampleofafatalerrorisanuncaughtexceptionthatcannotbehandled.
fault(n)~Aphysicaldefect,suchasalooseconnection,thatpreventsasystemordevice
fromoperatingasitshould.
fault(n)~Aprogrammingerrorthatcancausethesoftwaretofail.
FaultDetectionandIsolation(n)~Atechniqueformonitoringasystem,identifying
whenafaulthasoccurred,andpinpointingthetypeoffaultanditslocation.
faultdomain(n)~Thephysicalpointoffailureinadatacenterforacloudservicerole.
Forroleswithmorethanoneinstance,MicrosoftAzuredeploystheinstancesindifferent
faultdomainstoguardagainstoutagesduetophysicalcomputerfailuresinthedatacenter.
faultinjection(n)~Atechnologyallowinguserstoinjectfaultsintoanexecutable
withoutrequiringrebuildingthebinaryormodifyingthesourcecode;thus,providinga
meansofsimulatingerrorsandtestingrecovery.
faulttolerance(n)~Theabilityofcomputerhardwareorsoftwaretoensuredataintegrity
whenhardwarefailuresoccur.Fault-tolerantfeaturesappearinmanyserveroperating
systemsandincludemirroredvolumes,RAID-5volumes,andserverclusters.
faulttolerantheap(n)~Aheapmanagerthatcantoleratesometypesofprogramming
errors(faults)whichinthedefaultWindowsheapmanagerwouldresultincrashes.
faulttreeanalysisdiagram(n)~Atypeofdiagramcommonlyusedtoillustrateevents
thatmightleadtoafailuresothefailurecanbeprevented.
Fault-tolerance~Abilityofasystemorcomponenttocontinuenormaloperationdespite
equipmentfailures,poweroutagesorothercatastrophicevents.
favorite(n)~Auser-definedshortcuttothemostcommonlyusedforms,reports,websites,
etc.
favorite(n)~Awebpagelinksavedasa.urlfileinsomeone’sFavorites’folderon
WindowsOneDrive.FavoritescanbecreateddirectlywithinOneDrive
favorite(v)~Toaddsomethingtoone’sFavoritesfolder.
favoritecontact(n)~AcontactthatsomeonehastaggedinMessengertoappearinthe
groupoffavoritecontacts’thatappearsatthetopoftheMessengerdisplaywindow.’
FavoriteFolders(n)~ApanelocatedontopoftheNavigationPanethathascopiesof
yourInbox,SentItems,andsoon.Youcanadd,remove,andarrangefoldersinthispane.
CollapseorexpandthepanebyclickingthearrowintheFavoriteFoldersheader.
Favoriteview(PN)~AviewavailablefromtheMyWorkspaceareaoftheOperations
consolewhereyoucansaveviewsthatyouregularlyuse,similartohowyousaveaWeb
pagetoyourFavoriteslistinInternetExplorer
favorites(n)~Thelistofshortcutstofrequently-accessedwebsites.
Favorites(PN)~Auser-specifiedlistofpeoplewhocanbeaccessedquicklyacrossOffice
communicationandcollaborationproducts.
favorites(n)~ThepicturesthatyoucanselecttoappearintheanimatedPicturestileon
Start,andinthePhotoshub.
Favorites(PN)~TheDesignfeaturethatallowsuserstosaveparticularDesigns,Styles,
orStructuresforeasyuseoraccesslater.
fax(n)~Anactivitythattrackscalloutcomeandnumberofpages.Optionallystoresthe
electroniccopyoftheactualdocument.
faxaccount(n)~Acollectionofsettingsforsendingandreceivingfaxesusinga
particularfaxmodemorfaxserver.BeforeyoucansendorreceivefaxesinWindows,you
mustsetupafaxaccount.
faxcall(n)~Anattempttosendafaxtoacomputer(ortoanexternalfaxmodem)viaan
analogphoneline.
faxmachine(n)~Adevicethatscanspages,convertstheimagesofthosepagestoa
digitalformatconsistentwiththeinternationalfacsimilestandard,andtransmitstheimage
throughatelephoneline.Afaxmachinealsoreceivessuchimagesandprintsthemon
paper.
faxmodem(n)~Amodemthatsends(andpossiblyreceives)dataencodedinafaxformat
(typicallyCCITTfaxformat),whichafaxmachineoranothermodemdecodesand
convertstoanimage.
faxserver(n)~Anetworkserverthatreceivesincomingfaxesandsendsthemdirectlyto
theintendedrecipient.Afaxservercanalsoacceptoutgoingfaxesfromthenetworkand
transmitthemtotheirintendedrecipients.
fax-enabled(adj)~Abletosendorreceivefaxmessages.
FCI(PN)~AWindowsServerfeaturethatautomatesclassificationprocessestomanage
datamoreeffectively,reducecostsandmitigaterisks.FileClassificationInfrastructure
automaticallyclassifiesfiles,runsreports,andappliespoliciesbasedonthedata’s
businessvalue.
FCS(n)~Theextrachecksumcharactersaddedtoaframeinacommunicationprotocol
forerrordetectionandcorrection.Source:Wikipedia
FDA(n)~AU.S.governmentalagencythatisresponsibleforprotectingpublichealthby
regulatingthingssuchasfood,drugs,medicaldevices,andbiologicalproducts.
FDD~(FixedDiskDrive,FloppyDiskDrive).TheslotonthePCwhichaccepts-floppy
disks,almostalwaysreferredtoas‘DriveA:’bythecomputer.Nowobsolete.
FDI(n)~Atechniqueformonitoringasystem,identifyingwhenafaulthasoccurred,and
pinpointingthetypeoffaultanditslocation.
FDIserver(n)~Asoftwareprogramfordetecting,isolating,and,whenpossibile,
resolvingerrorsinaWindows-basedsystem.
FDN(PN)~Amodethatrestrictsoutgoingcallstoafixedsetofnumbers.
Fear(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
feature(n)~Asetoflogicallyrelatedfunctionalrequirementsthatprovidesacapabilityto
theuserandenablesthesatisfactionofabusinessobjective.
feature(n)~Asetofsoftwarefunctionalitydesignedtosolveaspecificproblemorto
provideanewfunctionalitytotheuser.
feature(n)~InServerManager,asoftwareprogramorlogicalcollectionofsoftware
programsthat,thoughnotpartofarole,cansupportthefunctionalityofoneormoreroles,
orenhancethefunctionalityofanentireserver,regardlessofwhichrolesareinstalled.For
example,theFailoverClusteringfeatureaugmentsthefunctionalityofotherroles,suchas
FileServicesandDHCPServer,byenablingthemtojoinserverclustersforincreased
redundancyandimprovedperformance.
feature(n)~Inacomputingsystem,thefunctionalpartofWindowsthatcanbe
enumerated,indirectlydetected,ormeasured,suchasWi-Fisupport.
featureactivationdependency(n)~Arelationshipinwhichafeatureisactivated
automaticallywhenanotherfeatureisactivatedorafeaturemustbeactivatedmanually
beforeanotherfeaturecanbeactivated.
featuredelegation(n)~Theprocessofgrantingaccesstofeatureareas.Accessisgranted
toaparticularuserataparticularscope.Forexample,user-€œPeter-€?hasaccesstothe-
€œLogging-€?featureatscope-€?DefaultWebSite.-€?
featuredissatisfaction(n)~Aconditionwhereusersbelievethatafeaturedoesnotmeet
theexpectationssetbythemarket,competitors,previousexperiences,orpromises.
featureeventreceiver(n)~Aserver-sidecoderoutinethatiscalledwhenafeatureis
activated,deactivated,installed,uninstalled,orupgradedonacomputer,serverfarm,or
servercluster.
featureselection(n)~Theprocessofchoosingtheattributesthataremostrelevantto
analysis,ormostvaluable.Somedataminingalgorithmscanperformautomaticfeature
selection,orrecommendthecolumnsthatcontainusefulfeatures.
featurestapling(n)~Theprocessofassociatingafeaturewithasitedefinition,without
modifyingthesitedefinitionitselforusingcoderoutines.Theassociatedfeatureisadded
automaticallytonewsitesthatarebasedonthatsitedefinition.
FeatureUpgrade(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsITprosanddeveloperstoupgradefeatures
suchasUI,lists,contenttypes,actions,andworkflows.
Featured(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemsemphasizedbythestorethroughplacement
onthesite.
Featuredalbums(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicalbumsemphasizedbythestore
throughplacementonthesite.
Featuredartists(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicalartistsemphasizedbythestore
throughplacementonthesite.
Featuredbadges(PN)~Thegrouplabelforbadgesthatareelevatedaspartofa
promotionorbusinessarrangement.
FeaturedChefs(PN)~Selectedtopcelebritychefsorstarcookscurrentlyfeaturedon
MSNsite.
FeaturedCocktails(PN)~SelectedorfavoritecocktailscurrentlyfeaturedonMSNsite.
featuredcontent(n)~AphotoorvideoinPhotosthatappearsasoneoftheinitialfive
piecesofcontentthatappearwhenPhotosfirststarts.
Featuredemoticons(PN)~Thegrouplabelforemoticonsthatareelevatedaspartofa
promotionorbusinessarrangement.
FeaturedIngredients(PN)~SelectedorfavoriteingredientscurrentlyfeaturedonMSN
site.
Featuredmovies(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformoviesemphasizedbythestorethrough
placementonthesite.
Featuredmusic(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicitemsemphasizedbythestore
throughplacementonthesite.
FeaturedPartners(PN)~SelectedFood&DrinkproviderscurrentlyfeaturedonMSN
site.
Featuredpictures(PN)~Thegrouplabelforpicturesthatareelevatedaspartofa
promotionorbusinessarrangement.
FeaturedRecipes(PN)~SelectedorfavoriterecipescurrentlyfeaturedonMSNsite.
Featuredscenes(PN)~Thegrouplabelforscenesthatareelevatedaspartofapromotion
orbusinessarrangement.
Featuredselection(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemschosenbymerchandizers.
Featuredsets(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforboxedsetsofmoviesorTVseries
emphasizedbythestorethroughplacementonthesite.
FeaturedTV(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforTVshowsemphasizedbythestorethrough
placementonthesite.
Features(PN)~AhubwhereuserscanlearnaboutthedifferentfeaturesofWindows
Phone.
FederalInformationProcessingStandard(n)~Asystemofstandards,guidelines,and
technicalmethodsforinformationprocessingwithintheU.S.federalgovernment.
federaltaxID(n)~IntheUnitedStates,a9-digitnumberthatidentifiesabusinessentity
tothegovernment.AbusinessmusthaveanEINifithasemployeesormeetsothercriteria
specifiedbythefederalgovernment.
federaltaxidentificationnumber(n)~IntheUnitedStates,a9-digitnumberthat
identifiesabusinessentitytothegovernment.AbusinessmusthaveanEINifithas
employeesormeetsothercriteriaspecifiedbythefederalgovernment.
federated(n)~Pertainingtoacontactwhoisexternaltotheuser’sorganizationor
enterprisebutwithwhomtheuser’sorganizationorenterpriseislinked.
federatedapplication(n)~AWeb-basedapplicationthatisAD-FS-enabled,meaning
thatitcanbeaccessedbyfederatedusers.
federatedconference(n)~Aconferencewithfederatedpartners.
federatedcontact(n)~Acontactwhoisnotpartoftheuser’senterprisebutwithwhom
theuser’senterpriseislinked.
federateddatabaseservers(n)~Asetoflinkedserversthatsharestheprocessingloadof
databyhostingpartitionsofadistributedpartitionedview.
federateddomain(n)~Adomainthatisengagedinatrustrelationshipwithanother
domain,whichisalsocalledafederation.Thisrelationshipisbetweentwofederation
servers,andallowsasystemtoprovidecontrolledaccesstoitsresourcesorservicestoa
userthatbelongstoanothersecurityrealmwithoutrequiringtheusertoauthenticate
directlytothesystemandwithoutthetwosystemssharingadatabaseofuseridentitiesor
passwords.
federatedIM(n)~Aninstantmessagewithafederatedcontact.
federatedinstantmessaging(n)~Instantmessagingwithfederatedcontacts.
federatedlocationdefinition(n)~Theconfigurationsettingsthatdescribehowtoissuea
queryforagivenfederatedlocationanddisplaythesearchresults.
federatedsearch(n)~Atypeofsearchthatprovidesuserswithresultsfrommultiple
searchandretrievalsystems.
federatedtable(n)~Atablethatcontainsdatathatisdistributedbythefederation.
federateduser(n)~Anexternaluserwhohasvalidcredentialsfromafederatedpartner,
whichisatrustedoutsideorganizationthatisenabledforaccesstoyourLyncServeror
OfficeCommunicationsServerdeployment.
federateduser(n)~Auserwhoseaccountresidesinanaccountpartnerorganizationand
whocanaccessfederatedapplicationsthatresideinaresourcepartnerorganization.Inthe
contextofOffice365,afederateduserisonethatissourced(mastered,authenticated,
created,andmanaged)inanorganization’son-premisesActiveDirectory.Theon-
premisesActiveDirectoryhasatrustrelationshipwiththecloudthatallowsauthenticated
ActiveDirectoryuserstoaccesscloudresources(or-€œservices,-€?suchaSharePoint
Online,ExchangeOnline,etc).
federation(n)~AtrustrelationshipbetweentwoormoreSIPdomainsthatpermitsusers
inseparateorganizationstocommunicateinrealtimeacrossnetworkboundaries.
federation(n)~Apairofrealmsordomainsthathaveestablishedafederationtrust.
Federation~Atechnicalapproachwhereonesecuritydomainhasasystemto
authenticateusersandanothersecuritydomainhasasystemthattruststheauthenticating
system
federationmember(n)~Adatabasethatcontainspartsofthefederation’sdataandis
theretoprovidethecomputationalandstoragecapacityforpartsofthefederation’s
workloadanddata.
federationserver(n)~AcomputerthathasbeenconfiguredtohosttheFederation
ServicecomponentofActiveDirectoryFederationServices(AD-FS).Federationservers
canauthenticateorrouterequestsfromuseraccountsinotherorganizationsandfrom
clientsthatcanbelocatedanywhereontheInternet.
federationserverproxy(n)~AcomputerthathasbeenconfiguredtohosttheFederation
ServiceProxycomponentofActiveDirectoryFederationServices(AD-FS).Federation
serverproxiesprovideintermediaryproxyservicesbetweenanInternetclientanda
federationserverthatislocatedbehindafirewallonthecorporatenetwork.
FederationService(n)~AninstallableroleserviceofActiveDirectoryFederation
Services(AD-FS)thatisusedtocreateafederationserver.Whenitisinstalled,the
FederationServiceprovidestokensinresponsetorequestsforsecuritytokens.Multiple
federationserverscanbeconfiguredtoprovidefaulttoleranceandloadbalancingfora
singleFederationService.
FederationServiceProxy(n)~AninstallableroleserviceofActiveDirectoryFederation
Services(AD-FS)thatisusedtocreateafederationserverproxy.Whenitisinstalled,the
FederationServiceProxyroleserviceusesWS-FederationPassiveRequestorProfile(WS-
FPRP)protocolstocollectusercredentialinformationfrombrowserclientsandWeb
applicationsandsendtheinformationtotheFederationServiceontheirbehalf.
feetransaction(n)~Atransactionthatregistersrevenuewithnomatchingcost.
feed(n)~Adistributionmechanismforfrequently-updatedcontentthatisaggregatedby
anRSSreaderanddeliveredorpublishedinastandardXMLformat.Thecontentisoften
summarized,withlinkstoamorecompleteversion.
FeedDiscovery(n)~AfeatureofInternetExplorerinWindowsVistathatfindsXML
feedsonawebpage.Usercanviewthefeedsandsubscribetothem.
feedback(n)~Thereturnofaportionofsystemoutputasinputtothesamesystem.Often
feedbackisdeliberatelydesignedintoasystem,butsometimesitisunwanted.In
electronics,feedbackisusedinmonitoring,controlling,andamplifyingcircuitry.
Feedback(PN)~AUIelementthatprovidesaccesstoasiteorprocessforsubmitting
feedbackontheproductorservicebeingused.
feedback(n)~Acolor-codedstatus,whichisdisplayedontheSeatingChart,thatauser
cansettocommunicatewiththemeetingpresenter.
feedback(n)~Commentsaboutacompletedassignmentthataneducatormakesduring
reviewandgradingandthatareavailabletothestudentoncethegradeisposted.
feedback(n)~Commentsoropinionsaboutandreactionstosomething,intendedto
provideusefulinformationforfuturebusinessdecisionsanddevelopment.
FeedbackClient2013(n)~Thenameofapplication,whichcanhelpyourdevelopment
teamgatherbothsolicitedandunsolicitedfeedbackaboutyoursoftwareprojects,from
yourcustomersandotherstakeholders.
FeedbackClient2013LanguagePack(n)~LanguagePackisafreeadd-onthatyoucan
usetoswitchthelanguagethat’sdisplayedintheFeedbackClientuserinterface.
feedbackdocument(n)~AdocumentwhichissentfromNavisiontoOutlookasa
responseforasynchronizationquery.Thefeedbackdocumentcontainsallerrorsor
conflictsdetectedbytheC/ALcodeattheNavisionServiceTierduringthe
synchronization.
feedbackform(n)~Anonlineformthatallowsitsuserstosubmittheirquestions,
commentsandsuggestionswithaviewtoenablingimprovements.
feedbackhub(n)~Aremoteserverthatsupportsgeneratingandaggregatingtheresponse
tofeedbackrequests.
FeedbackTool(PN)~AWindowstoolthatusersmayusetoreporttheirissuesto
Microsoft.
feederflow(n)~Aproductionflowthatcan-supplyotherdownstreamproductionflows.
feedingtube(n)~Atubeusedtoprovidenutritiontopatientswhoareunabletoobtain
nutritionbymouth.
FEFO(n)~Amethodusedfordeterminingtheorderinwhichgoodsshouldbetakenout
ofinventory,sothatitemswiththeearliestexpirationdatesaretakenfirst.
femaleconnector~Acableconnectorthathasholesandplugsintoaportorinterfaceto
connectonedevicetoanother.
fencing(n)~Theprocessofisolatingafailednodefromsharedresourcestoassuredata
integrity.
fetch(v)~Toretrieveaninstructionoranitemofdatafrommemoryandstoreitina
register.Fetchingispartoftheexecutioncycleofamicroprocessor;firstaninstructionor
itemofdatamustbefetchedfrommemoryandloadedintoaregister,afterwhichitcanbe
executed(ifitisaninstruction)oractedupon(ifitisdata).
Fetch(PN)~AproprietaryXML-basedquerylanguagethatisusedinMicrosoft
DynamicsCRMtoretrieveinformation.
fetch(v)~Toremotelyview,stream,orcopyfilesstoredonaPCrunningOneDrivefrom
anyotherdevice.
fetch~Theprocessof‘fetching’adataorinstructionitemfrommemoryandwritingitto
aregister.The‘fetched’itemistheneitherexecuted(instruction),oractedupon(data).
FetchXML(PN)~AproprietaryXML-basedquerylanguagethatisusedinMicrosoft
DynamicsCRMtoretrieveinformation.
FEV(n)~Thevolumeofaircomingoutofthelungunderforcedconditions.
FF(n)~Aprintercommandthattellsaprintertomovetothetopofthenextpage.Inthe
ASCIIcharacterset,theform-feedcharacterhasthedecimalvalue12(hexadecimal0C).
Becauseitspurposeistobeginprintingonanewpage,formfeedisalsoknownasthe
page-ejectcharacter.
FFL(n)~TheprocessofcreatinganeventlogthatiswrittentoaUTF-8formattedtext
file.
FFS~(ForF***‘sSake)-Internetslang,notsuitableforpolitecompany.
FFU(PN)~AtoolthatcanbeusedtoapplyWindowsimagestomultipledevicesatonce.
Thiscanbeusedonthemanufacturingfloor.
FIB(n)~AfocusedbeamofgalliumionsthatcanbeusedtoimagethesurfaceofaPCB
orotherobject.
fibermode(n)~AsituationwhereaninstanceofSQLServerallocatesoneWindows
threadperSQLscheduler,andthenallocatesonefiberperworkerthread,uptothevalue
setinthemaxworkerthreadsoption.
fiberoptics(n)~Atechnologyforthetransmissionoflightbeamsalongopticalfibers.A
lightbeam,suchasthatproducedinalaser,canbemodulatedtocarryinformation.
Becauselighthasahigherfrequencyontheelectromagneticspectrumthanothertypesof
radiation,suchasradiowaves,asinglefiber-opticchannelcancarrysignificantlymore
informationthanmostothermeansofinformationtransmission.Opticalfibersarethin
strandsofglassorothertransparentmaterial,withdozensorhundredsofstrandshousedin
asinglecable.Opticalfibersareessentiallyimmunetoelectromagneticinterference.
fiberoptics~Atechnologythattransmitsinfraredandvisiblelightfrequenciesthrough
strandsofglassorplasticfiber.
FibreChannel(n)~Anetworkingstandarddevelopedtoconnectdevicesthatrequirethe
transmissionoflargevolumesofdataataveryhighspeed.Aleadingimplementationof
FibreChanneltechnologyhasbeeninstorageareanetworks(SANs).Althoughtheterm
FibreChannelimpliestheuseoffiber-optictechnology,coppercoaxialcableisalso
supported.
Fiction(PN)~TheBooks&referencesubcategorycontainingappswithfictionalstories
andothercontent.
fidelity(n)~Theaccuracywithwhichanimageisreproducedonyourpersonalcomputer.
fidelity(n)~Thedegreeofprecisionandexactnesswithwhichoneentityrepresents
another.
field(n)~Anareainawindoworrecordthatstoresasingledatavalue.
field(n)~Amemberthatrepresentsavariableassociatedwithanobjectorclass.
Field(n)~AnareawhereCSRsorCustomersmayenterdatathatwillbestoredby
Parature.
fieldaccessprofile(n)~Thesetoffield-levelaccesspermissionsthathavebeengranted
toauserorusers.
fieldbutton(n)~AbuttonthatidentifiesafieldinaPivotTableorPivotChartreport.You
candragthefieldbuttonstochangethelayoutofthereport,orclickthearrowsnexttothe
buttonstochangethelevelofdetaildisplayedinthereport.
fieldcode(n)~Placeholdertextthatshowswherespecifiedinformationfromyourdata
sourcewillappear;theelementsinafieldthatgenerateafield’sresult.Thefieldcode
includesthefieldcharacters,fieldtype,andinstructions.
fielddatatype(n)~Apropertyofafieldthatdefinesthekindsofdatathefieldcanstore.
fielddatatypes(n)~Acharacteristicofafieldthatdetermineswhatkindofdataitcan
store.Forexample,afieldwhosedatatypeisTextcanstoredataconsistingofeithertext
ornumbercharacters,butaNumberfieldcanonlystorenumericaldata.
FieldDependency(n)~ArelationshipbetweentwoParatureFieldswhereaChildFieldor
ChildFieldOptionisnotavailableuntilaParentFieldorParentFieldOptionhasbeen
selected.
FieldExplorer(PN)~AUIsectionthatdisplaysthefieldsavailableforcustomizinga
form.
fieldinternalname(n)~Astringthatuniquelyidentifiesafieldinacontenttypeora
SharePointlist.
fieldlength(n)~Inbulkcopy,themaximumnumberofcharactersneededtorepresenta
dataiteminabulkcopycharacterformatdatafile.
FieldListpane(n)~Apanethatlistsallthefieldsintheunderlyingrecordsourceor
databaseobject.
fieldmapping(n)~Arelationshipcreatedbetweenafieldvalueinonedocumentanda
possiblydifferentfieldinanotherdocument.
fieldmarshaller(n)~ASQLServerfeaturethathandlesmarshalingforfields.
fieldname(n)~Thenameofacategoryofinformationinamail-mergedatasource.For
example,City
fieldresults(n)~TextorgraphicsinsertedinadocumentwhenMicrosoftWordcarries
outafield’sinstructions.Whenyouprintthedocumentorhidefieldcodes,thefield
resultsreplacethefieldcodes.
fieldselector(n)~Asmallboxorbarthatyouclicktoselectanentirecolumnina
datasheet.
fieldterminator(n)~Inbulkcopy,oneormorecharactersmarkingtheendofafieldor
row,separatingonefieldorrowinthedatafilefromthenext.
fieldtype(n)~Thenamethatidentifiestheactionoreffectthefieldhasinthedocument.
ExamplesoffieldtypesareAUTHOR,COMMENTS,andDATE.
fieldvalue(n)~Thecontentsofadatabasefielddisplayedinsideadatabaseresultsregion,
asshowninaWebbrowser.
field-levelaccess(n)~Thepermissionthatisassignedtoauserorusersthatallowthemto
read,update,orcreateaspecificfield.
field-levelsynchronization(n)~Theabilitytoselectspecificfieldsforanentity(record
type)andspecifyhowtheyshouldsynchronizebetweenCRMandExchange,eitherin
bothwaysorinonedirection(fromCRMtoExchangeorfromExchangetoCRM).
FIF(n)~Thespeedofaircomingintothelungunderforcedinspiration.
FIFO(n)~Amethodforprocessingaqueueinwhichitemsinthequeueareremovedin
thesameorderinwhichtheywereadded.
FIFOinventoryvaluationmethod(n)~Amethodofinventoryvaluationinwhich
inventoryisassumedforaccountingpurposestomoveintheorderitwasreceived,
regardlessofitsactualphysicalmovement.
Fighting(PN)~TheGamessubcategorycontaininggamesthatsimulatefighting,suchas
martialartsorboxing.
figures(n)~AWindowsfeature(inCSS)thatallowswebdesignersanddevelopersto
wraptextandotherinlinecontentaroundspecifiedelementsandfragments.Thisway,
theycancreatecomplexandintricatelayouts.Forexample,inDigitalPublishingthis
capabilityallowstexttowraparoundobjectssuchasimages.Figurescanbeabsolutely
positionedonawebpagewhilestillremainingpartofthedocumentflow.Figurescanbe
positionedsomespecifieddistancefromthetop,bottom,leftorrightsidesofthe
containingblock.
file(n)~Acollectionofinformationthatisstoredonacomputerordeviceunderasingle
name.
File(n)~Thenameofamenuinaconversationwindowfromwhichtheusercansavethe
textofthecurrentconversation,openreceivedfiles,orclosetheconversationwindow.
File~Allinformationonacomputerisstoredinfiles,whetheritispartofaprogram,a
documentcreatedbyauser,apicture,oranythingelse.Mostsoftwareismadeupof
dozens,sometimeshundreds,ofdifferentfiles.
fileadapter(n)~Anadapterthatcanreadmessagesfromthefilesystemandsubmitthem
totheserver,aswellaswritemessagesfromtheservertoafileonthefilesystem.
fileallocationtable(n)~AfilesystemusedbyMS-DOSandMicrosoftWindows
operatingsystemstoorganizeandmanagefiles.
FileandRegistryVirtualization(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsstandarduserstorun
applicationsthatnormallywritetoper-computerfilesandregistrykeys.Ifthesewrite
operationsfail,theyareautomaticallyredirectedtoequivalentper-userlocations.
FileasPrintout(n)~AcommandthatwilluseaprintdriverinstalledbyOneNoteto
createanimageofawidevarietyoffiletypes.Filesareprintedtotheprintdriverand
insertedasimagesintoOneNote.
fileassociation(n)~Foraparticularfilenameextension,theassociationarrayelements
thatdefinewherehandlersandotherattributescanberegistered.
fileattachmentcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatallowsuserstoattachfilestotheirformwhen
theyfillitout.
filebackup(n)~Abackupofallthedatainoneormorefilesorfilegroups.
FileBlock(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsendusersandITadminstocontrolwhichfiletypes
andversionscanbeopenedandsavedintheapplication.
filebuffer(n)~Areservedportionofmemoryusedtotemporarilystoredata,pendingan
instructiontocompleteitstransfertoorfromafile.
filecache(n)~File-basedstoragethatiscreatedontheclientcomputerwhentheclient
componentsareinstalled.
FileClassificationInfrastructure(PN)~AWindowsServerfeaturethatautomates
classificationprocessestomanagedatamoreeffectively,reducecostsandmitigaterisks.
FileClassificationInfrastructureautomaticallyclassifiesfiles,runsreports,andapplies
policiesbasedonthedata’sbusinessvalue.
filecollection(n)~TheprocessofcopyingspecifiedfilesfromSMS/Configuration
Managerclientstothesiteserverduringasoftwareinventorycycle.
filecompression(n)~Theprocessofreducingthesizeofafilefortransmissionor
storage.
filecontrolblock(n)~Asmallblockofmemorytemporarilyassignedbyacomputer’s
operatingsystemtoholdinformationaboutanopenedfile.Afilecontrolblocktypically
containssuchinformationasthefile’sidentification,itslocationonadisk,andapointer
thatmarkstheuser?scurrent(orlast)positioninthefile.
fileconversion(n)~Theprocessoftransformingthedatainafilefromoneformatto
anotherwithoutalteringthedata—forexample,convertingafilefromawordprocessor’s
formattoitsASCIIequivalent.Insomecases,informationaboutthedata,suchas
formatting,maybelost.Another,moredetailed,typeoffileconversioninvolveschanging
charactercodingfromonestandardtoanother,asinconvertingEBCDICcharacters
(whichareusedprimarilywithmainframecomputers)toASCIIcharacters.
filecopy(n)~ThefirstofthethreestagesofSetup,wheretheWindowsprogramfilesand
anyadditionalfilesspecifiedarecopiedtothecomputer’sharddisk.
filedifferentialbackup(n)~Abackupofoneormorefilescontainingonlychangesmade
toeachfilesinceitsmostrecentfilebackup.Afiledifferentialbackuprequiresafullfile
backupasabase.
fileDSN(n)~fileDataSourceNames.File-baseddatasourcessharedamongallusers
withthesamedriversinstalled.Thesedatasourcesarenotdedicatedtoauserorlocaltoa
computer.
FileExplorer(PN)~Autilitythatenablestheusertolocateandopenfilesandfolders.
Fileextension~.gif.txt.doc.logetc.areallexamplesoffileextensions.Thesearethe
lettersaftertheperiodinafilenamethatindicatesthetypeoffile.
filefilter(n)~ADLLthatcontrolsthetransferofdatabetweendevices.
filefilter(n)~Afilemaskthroughwhichfilesarepassedtoseparatespecifieditems.
filefork(n)~OneofthetwopartsofafilerecognizedbytheMacOS.AMacintoshfile
hasadataforkandaresourcefork.Mostorallofatypicaluser-produceddocumentisin
thedatafork;theresourceforkusuallycontainsapplication-orientedinformation,suchas
fonts,dialogboxes,andmenus.
fileformat(n)~Thestructureororganizationofdatainafile.
fileformatescape(n)~Inregularexpressions,theusualClanguagecharacterescape
sequences,\’
filegroup(n)~AFileServerResourceManageroptionthatisusedtodefineanamespace
forafilescreen,filescreenexception,orstoragereport.Itconsistsofasetoffilename
patterns,whichinturndeterminewhetherfilesareincludedorexcludedfromagroup.
filehandle(n)~InMS-DOS,OS/2,andWindows,atoken(number)thatthesystemuses
toidentifyorrefertoanopenfileor,sometimes,toadevice.
FileHistory(PN)~AWindowsfeaturedesignedtohelpusersavoiddatalossby
automaticallysavingversionsoffilesandcopiesofdeletedfilessothatuserscanrecover
them.
filelicense(n)~Alicensethatauthorizesprotectionoffileresourcesonasingleserver.
filelist(n)~Thelistoffilesinthecurrentproject,locatedinthefilepaneofVisual
SourceSafeExplorer.
filelock(n)~Anoperatingsystemmechanismthatpreventsafilethatisusedinone
processfrombeingaccessed,modified,ordeletedfromanotherprocess.
Filemanagement(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelpbusinesses
managetheircomputerfiles.
filemanager(n)~Amoduleofanoperatingsystemorenvironmentthatcontrolsthe
physicalplacementofandaccesstoagroupofprogramfiles.
Filemanagers(PN)~TheUtilities&toolssubcategorycontainingappstohelpyou
manageyourcomputerfiles.
filemapping(n)~Theassociationofafile’scontentswithaportionofthevirtualaddress
spaceofaprocess.
Filemenu(n)~Acommondrop-downmenuthatincludescommandsforfileoperations,
suchasOpen,Save,andPrint.
filemode(n)~Themode-€”Input,Output,Append,Random,orBinary-€”that
determineswhichmethodscanbeusedtoreadandwritefiles.
filename(n)~Thesetofletters,numbers,andallowablesymbolsassignedtoafileto
distinguishitfromallotherfilesinaparticulardirectoryonadisk.Afilenameisthelabel
underwhichacomputerusersavesandrequestsablockofinformation.
filenameextension(n)~Asetofcharactersaddedtotheendofafilenamethatidentifies
thefiletypeorformat.
FileOpenPickercontract(PN)~Acontractthatenablesdevelopersto-createapps
that-usethefilepickertoofferfilestootherapps.
filepair(n)~Aunitofadatafileandthecorrespondingdeltafile.
filepicker(n)~AUIelementthatenablesuserstolocateandselectfiles.
fileport(n)~Anapplication-specificlocationthatincludesextrainformationthatthe
applicationrequires.
fileproperty(n)~Adetailaboutafilethathelpsidentifyit,suchasadescriptivetitle,the
authorname,thesubject,orakeywordthatidentifiestopicsorotherimportant
informationinthefile.
fileprotection(n)~Aprocessordevicebywhichtheexistenceandintegrityofafileare
maintained.Methodsoffileprotectionrangefromallowingread-onlyaccessand
assigningpasswordstocoveringthewrite-protectnotchonadiskandlockingawayfloppy
disksholdingsensitivefiles.
filereplicationschedule(n)~TheschedulebywhichDirectoryServicesuserliststhatare
newlyuploadedareaddedtotheAdministrationCenterandtoe-mailserversworldwide.
filereplicationservice(n)~Aservicethatprovidesmultimasterfilereplicationfor
designateddirectorytreesbetweendesignatedserversrunningWindowsServer2003.The
designateddirectorytreesmustbeondiskpartitionsformattedwiththeversionofNTFS
usedwiththeWindowsServer2003family.FRSisusedbyDistributedFileSystem(DFS)
toautomaticallysynchronizecontentbetweenassignedreplicasandbyActiveDirectoryto
automaticallysynchronizecontentofthesystemvolumeinformationacrossdomain
controllers.
filerestore(n)~Anoperationthatrestoresoneormorefilesofadatabase.
filerollover(n)~Theprocesswhenaprogramclosesafile,basedonacertainevent,and
createsanewfile.
FileSavePickercontract(PN)~Acontractthat-enablesdevstosetuptheirappasa
savelocationthattheusercanchoosewhentheyusethefilepickertosavefiles.
filescreen(n)~AFileServerResourceManageroptionthatisusedtoblockcertainfiles
frombeingsavedonavolumeorinafoldertree.Afilescreenisappliedatthefolderlevel
andaffectsallfoldersandsubfoldersinthedesignatedpath.
filescreenexception(n)~Afilescreenthatoverridesanyfilescreeningthatwould
otherwiseapplytoafolder,andallitssubfolders,inadesignatedexceptionpath.Thatis,
itcreatesanexceptiontoanyrulesderivedfromaparentfolder.
FileScreeningAudit(n)~Astoragereportthatlistsfilescreeningauditeventsonthe
serverforaspecifiedperiod.Usethisreporttoidentifyusersorapplicationsthatviolate
screeningpolicies.
Fileserver~Atypeofcomputerusedon-networks-toprovidefilesandotherservicesto
othercomputers.Oftenjustcalledaserver.
FileServerforMacintosh(n)~AservicethatallowsusersofMacintoshcomputersto
store,access,andsharefilesonserversrunningServicesforMacintosh.
FileServerResourceManager(n)~Asuiteoftoolsthatallowsadministratorsto
understand,control,andmanagethequantityandtypeofdatastoredontheirservers.
filesharewitness(n)~AnewtypeofMajorityNodeSet(MNS)quoruminWindows
Server2003.InExchangeServer2007,clustercontinuousreplication(CCR)usesthe
MNSquorumwithfilesharewitnessinsteadofthetraditionalvoternode.
filesharingprogram(n)~Apeer-to-peerfilesharingclientusedtoconnecttofilesharing
networksinordertodownloadorsharefiles.
filesize(n)~Thelengthofafile,typicallygiveninbytes.
filespecification(n)~Thepathtoafile,fromadiskdrivethroughachainofdirectory
filestothefilenamethatservestolocateaparticularfile.
filesystem(n)~Inanoperatingsystem,theoverallstructureinwhichfilesarenamed,
stored,andorganized.NTFS,FAT,andFAT32aretypesoffilesystems.
filesystemcache(n)~Anareaofphysicalmemorythatholdsfrequentlyusedpages.It
allowsapplicationsandservicestolocatepagesrapidlyandreducesdiskactivity.
Filetab(n)~AtabontheribbonthattakesuserstoMicrosoftOfficeBackstageview.
filetoexclude(n)~Afilethatisnotincludedinthefilegroup.
filetoinclude(n)~Afilethatisincludedinthefilegroup.
filetransfer(n)~Theprocessofmovingortransmittingafilefromonelocationto
another,asbetweentwoprogramsoroveranetwork.
FileTransferProtocol(PN)~AmemberoftheTCP/IPsuiteofprotocols,usedtocopy
filesbetweentwocomputersontheInternet.Bothcomputersmustsupporttheirrespective
FTProles:onemustbeanFTPclientandtheotheranFTPserver.
filetype(n)~Theformatofafile,commonlyindicatedbyitsfilenameextension.Thefile
typeindicateswhichprogramthefilewascreatedinandcanbeopenedwith.
filetypeassociation(n)~Foraparticularfilenameextension,theassociationarray
elementsthatdefinewherehandlersandotherattributescanberegistered.
file/registryvirtualization(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsstandarduserstorunapplications
thatnormallywritetoper-computerfilesandregistrykeys.Ifthesewriteoperationsfail,
theyareautomaticallyredirectedtoequivalentper-userlocations.
file-basedimaging(n)~Theprocessofcapturinginformationatthefilelevelintoasingle
volume,withmetadatadescribingthefiles.
file-basedstorage(n)~Storagethattakesplaceinlocalfiles(asopposedtoadatabase),
whicharecopiesofthemetadataintheclientcomputer.Itisusedwhentheclientis
workingoffline.
filegroup(n)~Anamedcollectionofoneormoredatafilesthatformsasingleunitof
dataallocationorforadministrationofadatabase.
file-mappingobject(n)~Anobjectthatmaintainstheassociationofafile’scontentswith
aportionofthevirtualaddressspaceofaprocess.
filer(n)~Auserwhoregularlyfilesmailboxitemsintofolders.
fileruser(n)~Auserwhoregularlyfilesmailboxitemsintofolders.
Files(PN)~Anoptionaldownloadableappthatallowsapersontobrowsethefilesstored
inthephoneusingafileexplorerlikeinterface.
FilesbyFileGroup(n)~Astoragereportthatlistsfilesthatbelongtospecifiedfile
groups.Usethisreporttoidentifyfilegroupusagepatternsandtoidentifyfilegroupsthat
occupylargeamountsofdiskspace.Thiscanhelpyoudeterminewhichfilescreensto
configure
FilesbyOwner(n)~Astoragereportthatlistsfiles,groupedbyowner.Usethisreportto
analyzeusagepatternsontheserverandtoidentifyuserswhouselargeamountsofdisk
space.
filestream(n)~Asequenceofbytesusedtoholdfiledata.
FileTable(PN)~AfeaturethatprovidesinternalstoragetothecoreSQLServerproduct.
FileZilla~FileZillaisfree,opensource,cross-platformFTPsoftware,consistingof
FileZillaClientandFileZillaServer.BinariesareavailableforWindows,Linux,andMac
OSX.ItsupportsFTP,SFTP,andFTPS(FTPoverSSL/TLS).-http://filezilla-project.org/
fill(n)~Incomputergraphics,thecoloredorpatternedpaint’insideanenclosedfigure
fill(v)~Toaddcolororapatterntotheenclosedportionofacircleorothershape.
filleffect(n)~Aneffectthatappliestotheappearanceoftheinteriorofanenclosedtext
characterorothershape.
fillfactor(n)~AnattributeofanindexthatdefineshowfulltheSQLServerDatabase
Engineshouldmakeeachpageoftheindex.
fillhandle(n)~Thesmallblacksquareinthelower-rightcornerofaselectedcellthatcan
beusedtocopydataandtofilladjacentcellswithaseriesofdata.
fillintheblankquestion(n)~Atypeofquestion(forexample,inapoll,surveyortest)
wheretheusermustenteraresponseintheblankspaceorspacesprovided.
fillout(v)~Toenterinformationintoaform.
fillrate(n)~Thepercentageofadrequestswhereanadisdisplayedtotheuser.
fillseries(v)~Asequenceofdatasuchasnumbers,numberandtextcombinations,dates,
ortimeperiods,basedonanestablishedpatternandusedtoautomaticallyfilldatainto
worksheetcells.
FillTransform(PN)~Atoolthatletsyoualtertheappearanceofagradientorpatternfill.
Forexample,youcanusetheFillTransformtooltorotateorscaleapatternfillinsidea
pathorshape.
FillWithColortool(n)~Atoolthatallowstheusertochangethecolorofagroupof
pixelsatonce.
filledmap(n)~Acharttypeforgeographicdatausingcolorprogressionfornumeric
valuesordiscretecolorsforcategoricalvaluesandrelationshipsonlocationsoveramap.
filleringredient(n)~Atypeofingredientinaformulathatisusedtoincreasethetotal
quantityofaproduct.Thefilleringredienthasnochemicalinfluenceonanyoftheactive
ingredientsintheformulation.
FilmAge,Old(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
FilmAge,Older(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
FilmAge,Oldest(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
FilmGrain(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
filmstrip(n)~AformofLauncherthatscrollsfromrighttoleftanddisplaysbothastrip
ofsmallerapplicationiconimagesonthesides,andasinglelargerapplicationpreview
imageinthecenter.
filter(n)~Apatternormaskthroughwhichdataispassedtoseparatespecifieditems.
filter(n)~Asetofconditionsandassociatedactionsthatmaybeappliedtocertaintasks.
Forexample,anemailrulemightstipulatethatallmessagesfromaparticularsenderbe
placedintoaspecificfolder.
filter(v)~Todisplayonlytherowsinalistthatsatisfytheconditionsyouspecify.You
usetheAutoFiltercommandtodisplayrowsthatmatchoneormorespecificvalues,
calculatedvalues,orconditions.
filter(v)~Todisplayfilesthatmeetcertaincriteria.Forexample,youmightfilterfilesby
aparticularauthorsothatyouonlyseethefileswrittenbythatperson.Filteringdoesnot
deletefiles,itsimplychangestheviewsothatyouonlyseethefilesthatmeetyour
criteria.
filter(v)~TodefinethetypesofUIAutomationelementstobeincludedinaviewofthe
UIAutomationtree.
filter(n)~Atoolthatyoucanusetocategorizeinventoryitemsforquicksearching.
Filtersalsorestricttheavailabilityofitemstocustomers,vendors,andwarehouse
processes.
filter(n)~Words,phrases,sources,languages,timeframe,authors,oranauthor’sreach
thatthedatasetdoesordoesn’tcontain.
Filter~1)Adevicewhichallowsyoutouseanordinaryphoneoveratelephonelineset
upforan-ADSL-internetconnection.Alsocalledamicro-filter.2)Aprogramorsetof
programsthatautomaticallyremoves-spam-fromyour-email.
filterarea(n)~ThepartofPivotTableorPivotChartviewthatcontainsfilterfields.
FilterByForm(v)~Atechniqueforfilteringdatathatusesaversionofthecurrentform
ordatasheetwithemptyfieldsinwhichyoucantypethevaluesyouwantthefiltered
recordstocontain.
FilterBySelection(v)~Atechniqueforfilteringrecordsinaform,datasheet,ordata
accesspageinwhichyouretrieveonlyrecordsthatcontaintheselectedvalue.
filtercriteria(n)~Conditionsthatusersspecifytolimitwhichrecordsareincludedinthe
resultsetofaquery.
FilterExcludingSelection(v)~Atechniqueinwhichyoufilterrecordsinaform,
datasheet,ordataaccesspagetoretrieveonlythoserecordsthatdon’tcontaintheselected
value.
filterfield(n)~Afieldinthefilterareathatyoucanusetofilterdatadisplayedin
PivotTableorPivotChartview.Filterfieldsperformthesamefunctionsaspagefieldsin
MicrosoftExcelPivotTablereports.
FilterForInput(v)~Atechniqueforfilteringrecordsthatusesavalueorexpressionyou
entertofindonlyrecordsthatcontainthevalueorsatisfytheexpression.
filterhandler(n)~Ahandlerthatscansdocumentsfortextandproperties.
filtericon(n)~Theiconthatappearsnexttofiltereddatainaform.
filterlink(n)~Anassociationbetweenafiltercontrolandaparameter.Thisassociationis
definedonareportorscorecardinadashboard.Itemswithlinkstoafilterchangewhen
thefilterismodified.
filtersection(n)~Areabelowthenavbarwhereusersdefineandeditfilters.
FilterWebPart(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstomodifydashboardviewsby
changingthesubsetofdatathatisdisplayedinreportsorscorecards.
filteredaccesstoken(n)~Anaccesstokenwiththeleastadministrativeprivileges
requiredforthesession.Itisarestrictedaccesstokenwhereallelevatedprivilegeshave
beenfilteredout.Afilteredaccesstokeniscreatedbydefaultforallinteractiveusersthat
arenotstandardusers,exceptthebuilt-inadministrator.
filteredgroup(n)~Alocalsecuritygroupthatisremovedfromanaccesstoken.When
UserAccountControl(UAC)createsthefilteredaccesstoken,thefilteredgroupsare
removed.
filteredHTML(n)~AnHTMLformatwithMicrosoftOffice-specifictagsremoved.
filteredview(n)~Aviewtowhichasetofconditionshavebeenappliedtoreducethe
totalnumberofdisplayedobjects.
FilterKeys(n)~AWindows9xaccessibilitycontrolpanelfeaturethatenablesuserswith
physicaldisabilitiestousethekeyboard.WithFilterKeys,thesystemignoresbriefand
repeatedkeystrokesthatresultfromsloworinaccuratefingermovements.
finalassembly(n)~Finalend-itemproductassemblybeforecustomerfulfillment.
finalstate(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,arepresentationofthecompletionof
activityintheenclosingstateoractionstate.Thefinalstateisindicatedbyabull’seye.
finalizer(n)~Amethodthatfreesresourcesandperformsothercleanupoperations.
Finance(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesmanagementofpersonalfinances.
FinanceandAccountingSystemImplementation(n)~Atemplatethatoutlinesthesteps
neededtoimplementafinanceandaccountingsystem.Itassumesanexistingsystemor
processisinplaceandanewsystemwillbereplacingit.Italsoassumesthatthenew
applicationsoftwaresystemhasalreadybeenchosen.
financialdimension(n)~Afinancialdataclassifiercreatedfromtheparties,locations,
products,andactivitiesinanorganizationandusedformanagementreporting.
financialdimensionvalue(n)~Adataelementinthedomainofafinancialdimension.
financialdimensionvalueconstraint(n)~Ahierarchicalfinancialdimension
relationshipthatrestrictsthesetofallpossiblefinancialdimensionvaluecombinationsto
asetofvalidfinancialdimensionvaluecombinations.
financialinformation(n)~AtabonarecordthatliststheAccountorBusinessContact’s
financialinformation,whichwasretrievedfromSmallBusinessAccounting.
FinancialIntegration(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertoaccessinformationfroman
accountingsystemfromwithinBusinessContactManagerforOutlook.
FinancialModernizationActof1999(n)~AU.S.lawcontainingfinancialprovisions
thatrequireallfinancialinstitutionstodisclosetoconsumercustomerstheirpoliciesand
practicesforprotectingtheprivacyofnon-publicpersonalinformation.Non-public
personalinformationincludesanyPIIprovidedbyacustomer,resultingfromtransactions
withthefinancialinstitutionorobtainedbyafinancialinstitutionthroughproviding
productsorservices.
FinancialReportingInstanceStandard(oth)~Astandardthatplacesadditional
constraintsoninstancedocumentsthatareusedforfinancialreporting.Allinstance
documentsthatarevalidunderFRISarevalidXBRLdocuments.However,notallXBRL
documentsarevalidunderFRIS.
FinancialReportingTaxonomyArchitecture(oth)~Astandardthatplacesadditional
constraintsonXBRLtaxonomiesthatareintendedtoexpressinformationusedinfinancial
reporting.AlltaxonomiesthatarevalidunderFRTAarevalidXBRLdocuments.
However,notallXBRLdocumentsarevalidunderFRTA.
financialstatement(n)~Astatementofacompany’sfinancialstateasoftheendofa
definedperiod.Afinancialstatementmayincludeanoperatingstatement(anincome
statementshowingtheresultsintermsofprofitandlossofnormalbusinessactivities),a
balancesheet(assetsandliabilities),andotherfinancialinformation.
financialstatement(n)~Areportthatdocumentsthefinancialinformationandfinancial
positionofanorganization.
financialtemplatedocument(n)~AnXMLschemathatcontainsallthenecessary
elementsthatareneededtocaptureawizardselectionandtodrivethescreensinthe
wizard.
find(v)~Toseekspecificdatawithinafileordatastructure.
Find(v)~AfieldinthemainCommunicatorwindowwhereausercansearchforaperson
bynameore-mailaddress.Communicatorsearchesthecorporateaddressbook.
find(v)~TolocatetextoraspecificitemonaWebpageorinadocument.
find(v)~Tolocateorcomeuponthroughaction.
Find(PN)~AUIelementthatenablestheusertolocatetext,andgotootherlocations
whereverthetextoccursinadocument.
FindMessageview(n)~Areportingviewthatenablesuserstofindmessagesbasedon
trackedmessageproperties.
FindMyPhone(PN)~Afeaturethatletsyouring,lock,erase,orshowyourWindows
phoneonamapfromaccount.microsoft.com.
Findsimilarpictureorvideo(v)~AfeaturethatsearchestheLibrarytofindandgroup
picturesandvideoswithsimilarcolor,tone,andintensity.
finetune(v)~Tomanuallyeditandmakeadjustmentstoyourphotos.
finetuningsetting(n)~Asettingthatshiftsallinsertedimagesbythesameamountto
alignthemproperlyonafullsheetoflabelsorstickers.
fine-grainedlock(n)~Alockthatappliestoasmallamountofcodeordata.
Fine-GrainedPermissions(n)~Asecurityfeaturethatallowsforgreatergranularityand
customizationofuserpermissions.
finger(n)~AnInternetutility,originallylimitedtoUNIXbutnowavailableonmany
otherplatforms,thatenablesausertoobtaininformationonotheruserswhomaybeat
othersites(ifthosesitespermitaccessbyfinger).Givenane-mailaddress,fingerreturns
theuser’sfullname,anindicationofwhetherornottheuseriscurrentlyloggedon,and
anyotherinformationtheuserhaschosentosupplyasaprofile.Givenafirstorlastname,
fingerreturnsthelogonnamesofuserswhosefirstorlastnamesmatch.
Finger~Aprogramthatyoupointattheusernameofsomeoneonanetworkedsystem.It
uncoversthatperson’sfullname,mostrecentlog-intime,andotherinformation.It’salso
usedasaverb,meaningtoapplytheprogramtotheusername.
Finger~AUnixcommandthatprovidesinformationaboutusersloggedin;anditcan
alsobeusedtoretrievethe.planand.projectfilesfromauser’shomedirectory.
Finger~Agesturebyaprogrammertoanotherpersonthathasrippedoffhiscode
withoutevenrecognition.
fingerinput(n)~Aspecifictypeoftouchinputinwhichfingertipsonlyareusedtotouch
theSurfacescreen.
fingerprintreader(n)~Anauthenticationdevicethatdigitallyscansanindividual’s
fingerprint,recordstheuniquepatternoftheindividual’sridgesandvalleys,and
determinesifthepatternmatchesthepatternofthepersonwhohasaccesspermissiontoa
particulardevice,suchasacomputeroraphone,ortoaWebsite.
Finish(PN)~Anavigationbuttonusedtocompleteandcloseawizard.
finishdate(n)~Thedatethataprojectortaskisscheduledtobecompleted.Thisdateis
basedonthetask’sstartdate,duration,calendars,predecessordates,taskdependencies,
andconstraints.
finishedgood(n)~Anitemassembledforsaleusingabillofmaterials.
finishedunit(n)~ASurfacedeveloperunitthathasacrylicpanelsonallsides.Youhave
toremovetheappropriateendpaneltoaccesstheI/Oconnections.
finitecapacity(n)~Thecapabilityofaresource(worker,machine,workcenter,plant,or
organization)toproduceoutputwithinaspecifiedperiodoftimewithoutexceedingthe
availablecapacity.
finiteloading(n)~Aschedulingmethodthatassumesthatlimitedcapacityforlaborand
machinesisavailable.
finitematerial(n)~Amethodforschedulingresourcesthatassumesthatallthe
componentmaterialsneededforproductionareavailablewhentheproductionprocess
starts.
finiteproperty(n)~Amethodforschedulingresourcesthatconsiderslimitstothetypeof
workaworkcentercanperformatagiventime.Finitepropertyspecifiesthetypeof
productsoroperationstobecarriedoutatthesametimeataworkcenter.
finitescheduling(n)~Aschedulingmethodthatassumesthatlimitedcapacityforlabor
andmachinesisavailable.
FIPS(PN)~Asystemofstandards,guidelines,andtechnicalmethodsforinformation
processingwithintheU.S.federalgovernment.
Fire-Fighting~Desperatelyworkingtofixbugstoavoidbeingfired.
Firefox~Apopularalternative-browser,availablefreefrom-Mozilla,whichyoucanuse
insteadofInternetExplorer.
firewall(n)~Asecuritysolutionthatsegregatesoneportionofanetworkfromanother
portion,allowingonlyauthorizednetworktraffictopassthroughaccordingtotraffic
filteringrules.
Firewall~Originallyadedicatedcomputerbetweenyouandtheinternet,preventing
hackers,spammersandsimilarundesirablesfromtakingoveryourPC.Nowoftenjusta
programrunningonyourPC,performingthesametask.RecentversionsofWindowshave
onebuilt-in.
firewallrule(n)~ArulepermittingorblockingcommunicationthroughWindows
Firewallviaaparticularprotocolandportorrangeofports.
firewalltraversal(n)~Atechnologythatprovidessecurepathwaysthroughafirewalland
enablesmultipledatastreamstopassthruthefirewallonthesameport(e.g.,audioand
videodataonthesameport).
Firewire~Astandardforveryfastdatatransfer,createdby-Apple,popularfor
applicationsthatuseverylargefiles,particularlyvideoediting.Requiresspecialhardware,
generallyaddedtoacomputerasan-expansioncard.
firewire~technologythatallowsacomputertohaveanalmostunlimitednumberof
devicesrunningwithoutusingupallthehardwareinterrupts.theregisteredtrademarkof
Apple’sIEEE1394digitalconnection.
firmplannedorder(n)~Anorderthatisgeneratedtofulfillanitemrequirementandthat
cannotbemodifiedastoquantityortime.
firmware(n)~Thesoftwarethatisembeddedinahardwaredeviceandcontrolshowthe
deviceinteractswiththeoperatingsystem.
Firmware~AcomputerprogramorsoftwarestoredpermanentlyinPROMorROMor
semi-permanentlyinEPROM.
Firmware~SoftwarestoredinPROM,ROMorEPROM;essentialprogramsthatremain
evenwhenthesystemiselectricallyturnedoff.Firmwareisconsiderablyeasiertomodify
thanhardwarebutmorepermanentthansoftwarestoredondiskorvolatilememory.
firmwaresystembinary(PN)~Afeaturethatenablespartnerstoplaceasystembinary
fromfirmwareintoWindowswithoutmodifyingaWindowsbinaryorexecutablefile.
OEMscanusethistomakesurethat,evenafterauserhasremovedorreinstalledthe
operatingsystem,featuressuchastheft-recoveryapplications,remotedata-deletion
software,ortheabilitytoprovideamissingdevicedriverarestillavailabletotheuser.
firstboot(n)~AphaseofWindowsSetupthatstartsthefirsttimeanenduserboots
Windows.
FirstExpiryFirstOut(oth)~Amethodusedfordeterminingtheorderinwhichgoods
shouldbetakenoutofinventory,sothatitemswiththeearliestexpirationdatesaretaken
first.
firstin,firstout(n)~Amethodforprocessingaqueueinwhichitemsinthequeueare
removedinthesameorderinwhichtheywereadded.
firstin,firstoutinventoryvaluationmethod(n)~Amethodofinventoryvaluationin
whichinventoryisassumedforaccountingpurposestomoveintheorderitwasreceived,
regardlessofitsactualphysicalmovement.
firstmatch(n)~Amatchingcriteriausedinregularexpressionsthatchoosesthe
subsequencethatwasfoundfirstwhentheregularexpressionismatched.
FirstName(n)~IntheAddaContactWizard,oneofthefieldsbywhichyoucansearch
foracontact.
firstname(n)~Thegivennameforanindividual.
fiscalperiod(n)~Adivisionofafiscalyearthatisreflectedonfinancialstatements.
fiscalperiod(n)~Atimeperioddivisionofafiscalyear.
fiscalprinter(n)~Aprinterwithsecurityfeaturesfortaxauthoritiestoconfirmthetaxes
collectedbytheretailer.
fiscalyear(n)~Aspanoftimeduringwhichthefinancialactivitiesofanorganizationare
calculated.Afiscalyearisdividedintofiscalperiods,typicallydefinedassemesters,
quarters,ormonths.Theorganizationdeterminesthedatesthatbeginandenditsfiscal
year,whichmaynotcorrespondtoatraditionalcalendaryear.
fiscalyear(n)~Anapproximate12-monthfiscalperiodusedbyanorganizationthat
preparesannualfinancialstatements.
fishbonediagram(n)~Atypeofdiagramthatdocumentsallthefactorsthatcontributeto
oraffectagivensituation(allthecausesthatleadtoacertaineffect).
fit(n)~Oneofthecriteriausedforevaluatingthesuccessofadataminingalgorithm.Fit
istypicallyrepresentedasavaluebetween0and1,andiscalculatedbytakingthe
covariancebetweenthepredictedandactualvaluesofevaluatedcasesanddividingbythe
standarddeviationsofthesamepredictedandactualvalues.
fit(n)~Somethingthatfits,orissuitableorappropriate,forasituation.
five9s~Thefive9sofaccuracy:99.999%accuracy
fix(n)~Asinglecumulativepackagecomposedofoneormorefilesusedtoaddressa
probleminaproduct.Hotfixesaddressaspecificcustomersituationandmaynotbe
distributedoutsidethatcustomerorganization.
Fixitbutton(n)~AUIelementthatallowstheusertohaveanautomatedstepthrougha
resolutiontoaproblem.
Fixpane(n)~AnareainWindowsPhotoGallerythatincludesanassortmentofpicture
editingtoolsforcommoneditingtasks.TheFixpaneisopenedbyclickingtheFixbutton
onthetoolbarinPhotoGallery.
fixedamountoff(n)~Theexactamountsubtractedfromthelistpricetoarriveata
customprice.
fixedasset(n)~Anaccountingclassifierusedtoclassifyanylong-termassetwhosecost
expirationisrecognizedovermorethanoneyear.
fixedassetaddition(n)~Anadd-onitemtoafixedassetthatisconsideredpartofthe
fixedassetandisnottrackedasitsownfixedasset,suchasanextrabatteryforalaptop.
Typically,anadd-onitemismaintenanceoranimprovementandrelatestoawrite-up
adjustment.
fixedassetgroup(n)~Asetofcharacteristicsthatareassignedtoafixedasset.Thefixed
assetinheritsthecharacteristics(suchastype,numbersequences,anddefaultvalue
models)fromthegroup.
fixedcompensation(n)~Compensation,independentofperformance,thatisawardedto
anemployeebyanorganization.
fixedcompensationplan(n)~Acompensationstructurethatisusedtodeterminefixed
compensationlevels(bands,grades,orsteps)andthecompensationrangesassociatedwith
eachlevel.Thisplanisoftenusedforemployeesofthesameemployeetypethatare
withinaspecificgeographicalarea.
fixedcost(n)~Acostthatdoesnotvarywithchangesinproductdeliverythroughputor
output.
fixedcurrency(n)~Acurrencythathasafixedexchangerateinrelationtoanother
currency.
fixeddatabaserole(n)~Apredefinedrolethatexistsineachdatabase.Thescopeofthe
roleislimitedtothedatabaseinwhichitisdefined.
fixeddate(n)~Adatetowhichataskistiedeitherbecausethedatewasenteredinthe
ActualStartorActualFinishfieldorbecausethetaskisconstrainedbyaninflexible
constraint.
fixeddialing(n)~Afeaturethatallowsausertorestrictthedevicetodialonlythe
numbersorareacodesthatarespecified.
FixedDialingNumber(PN)~Amodethatrestrictsoutgoingcallstoafixedsetof
numbers.
fixeddistributionallocationmethod(n)~Amethodforcalculatingallocationsbasedon
aspecifiedpercentage.
fixeddocument(n)~OneinstanceofanXPSdocumentinanXPFdocumentpackage.A
fixeddocumenthastheextension.fdoc,islistedintheFixedDocumentSequenceelement,
itsrootelementis<FixedDocument>anditiscomprisedoffixedpages.
fixedexchangerate(n)~Anexchangeratethatpegsonecurrency’svaluetoanother
currency’svalue.
fixedfilelocation(n)~Thefullorabsoluteaddressofafile-forexample,
www.microsoft.com/location/sublocation/filename.htm.
fixedgrid(n)~Gridlinesonthedrawingpagethatstaythesamedistanceapartwhenyou
zoominorzoomoutofadrawing.
fixedlayout(n)~Alayoutthatdoesnotchangeasthescreensize,aspectratio,appsize,
ororientationchanges.
fixedlocation(n)~Apermanentlocationthatisassignedtoaniteminawarehouse.
Multipleitemscanhavethesamefixedlocation,andasingleitemcanhavemultiplefixed
locations.
fixedmarkup(n)~Theexactamountaddedtothelistpricetoarriveatacustomprice.
fixedmaterialconsumption(n)~Absolutequantityofamaterialresourcetobeusedto
completeanassignment.Afixedconsumptionrateindicatesthattheamountofmaterial
usedwillbeconstant,regardlessofchangestotaskdurationorassignmentlength.
fixedpage(n)~ApageinanXPSfixeddocument.Afixedpagehastheextension.fpage,
islistedintheFixedDocumentelement,itsrootelementisFixedPageanditcontainstext,
layoutinformation,andreferencestoimages,fonts,andothercustomresources.
fixedpercentageallocationmethod(n)~Amethodforcalculatingallocationsbasedona
specifiedpercentage.
fixedpositioning(n)~Placementofanelementrelativetoeithertheelement’sparentor,
ifthereisn’tone,thebody.Valuesfortheelement’sLeftandToppropertiesarerelativeto
theupper-leftcorneroftheelement’sparent.
fixedquantitykanban(n)~Atypeofkanbanthatisusedwhenthenumberofkanbans
thatareassignedtoakanbanruleisconstant.
fixedrate(n)~ThemultiplierusedforconvertingthebasecurrencyoftheWebsitetothe
buyercurrencyorsuppliercurrency.
fixedserverrole(n)~Apredefinedrolethatexistsattheserverlevel.Thescopeofthe
roleislimitedtotheSQLServerinstanceinwhichitisdefined.
fixedvalue(n)~Auser-enteredvalueorvaluefromastaticsourcethatdoesnotchange
unlessmanuallyalteredbytheuser.
fixedversion(n)~Afileversionthatprohibitstheviewerfrommakingedits.
fixedweightallocationmethod(n)~Amethodforcalculatingallocationsbyusing
weightedvalues.
fixed-durationtask(n)~Ataskinwhichthedurationisafixedvalueandanychangesto
theworkortheassignedunits[thatis,resources]don’taffectthetask’sduration.Thisis
calculatedasfollows:DurationxUnits=Work.
fixed-length(adj)~Pertainingtoanythingwhosesizeispredeterminedandconstant.
fixed-priceproject(n)~Atypeofprojectinwhichthecustomerpaysapredetermined
amountfortheentireproject.
fixed-priceprojectestimate(n)~Theestimatedtotalcosttocompleteafixed-price
project.
fixed-rateagreement(n)~Anexchangeratethatisfrozenfortheentireprojectperiod.
fixed-sizevirtualharddisk(n)~Avirtualharddiskwithafixedsizethatisdetermined
andforwhichallspaceisallocatedwhenthediskiscreated.Thesizeofthediskdoesnot
changewhendataisaddedordeleted.
fixed-widthtextfile(n)~Afilecontainingdata,whereeachfieldhasafixedwidth.
flag(n)~Broadly,amarkerofsometypeusedbyacomputerinprocessingorinterpreting
information;asignalindicatingtheexistenceorstatusofaparticularcondition.Flagsare
usedinsuchareasascommunications,programming,andinformationprocessing.
flag(v)~Toassociateaflagwithamessageorotheritem.
flag(n)~Agraphicthatindicatesfollow-upactionisrequired,orotherwiseidentifiesan
importantitem.
flagged(adj)~Markedwithaflag.
Flame~Internetslangforanemail,forumornewsgrouppostinsultingortellingsomeone
off.
Flamewar~Apublictradingofinsultsina-newsgroup-orforum.Sometimesflamewars
getsooutofhandthattherearehundredsofflamesinthenewsgroupandalmostnothing
else.
Flash(n)~AMacromediadevelopmentenvironmentcontainingvideo,multimedia,and
applicationdevelopmentfeaturestohelpcreaterichuserinterfaces,onlineadvertising,e-
learningcourses,andenterpriseapplicationfront-ends.
flash(v)~Toalternatebetweencallswhenthereisanactivecallandacallonhold.
Flash~Atechnologyfordisplayinganimationsandvideosonwebpages,createdbythe
MacromediaCorporation.TheFlashPlayerisapluginwhichenablesinternetbrowsersto
displaytheanimations.
flash~Flashmemory(FLEXIBLEARCHITECTUREforSHAREDMEMORY):-This
typeofnon-volatilememoryhastheabilitytoretainitsinformationevenwhenthereisno
powersource.
flash~FLASHiserased(orbulkerased)electricallyerasableprogrammableread-only
memory(EEPROM).FLASHhastheelectricallyerasablebenefitsofEEPROMbutthe
small,economicalcellsizeofEPROMtechnology
flash~Abandwidthfriendlyandbrowserindependentvector-graphicanimation
technology.Aslongasdifferentbrowsersareequippedwiththenecessaryplug-ins,Flash
animationswilllookthesame.Asoflate2005,Macromediaisnowownedby-Adobe
flashauto(n)~Aflashmodeusedtosetofftheflashautomaticallyaccordingtothe
ambientlightconditions.
Flashdrive~Aremovabledatastoragedevice,usuallythumbsizedandpluggedinto
a-USB-port.
FlashFill(PN)~AfeaturethatextendsAutoCompletefunctionalitytoshowalive
previewofsuggestedvaluesforanentirerangeofcellsbasedonwhattheuseristyping.
flashmemorycard(n)~Adeviceusedbymanydigitalcamerastostorepicturesand
video.Flashmemorycardsstorecomputerinformationsuchastext,pictures,andmusic,
andcanbecopied,erased,andusedmanytimes.
flashoff(n)~Aflashmodewhenthephone’sbuilt-incameraflashissettooff.
flashon(n)~Aflashmodewhenthephone’sbuilt-incameraflashissettoon.
Flashing(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Flashpix(n)~Amulti-resolution,tiledfileformatfordigitalimages.
flatappearance(n)~Therecommendedvisualdisplayofacontrolwhenitisnested
insideanothercontrolorscrollableregion.
flatcap(n)~Forpathsthatcontainunconnectedends,theendofthestrokethatisleftasa
flatedge.
flatfile(n)~Afileconsistingofrecordsofasinglerecordtypeinwhichthereisno
embeddedstructureinformationthatgovernsrelationshipsbetweenrecords.
flatfileformat(n)~Animagefileformatinwhichindividualobjectscannotbeedited.
FilesstoredinJPEG,GIF,andBMPformatsareallflatfiles.ThePhotoDrawMIXfile
formatisnotaflatfileformat.
flatlist(n)~Aresultsetinwhichanymemberhierarchiesareignoredandallmembersare
presentedasequal.Regardlessofhowthemembersarepresentedhowever,hierarchical
informationisalwaysmaintainedinthemembermetadata.
flatnamespace(n)~Anamespacethatisunstructuredandcannotbepartitioned,suchas
thenetworkbasicinput/outputsystem(NetBIOS)namespace.Inaflatnamespace,every
objectmusthaveauniquename.
flatnavigationpattern(n)~Thenavigationstructurerecommendedtobeusedfor
WindowsStoreappsthatcontainasmallnumberofpagesanditsinformationisnot
organizedinahierarchy,i.e.,thepages,tabs,andmodesarelogicalpeers.
flatstructure(n)~ThenavigationstructurerecommendedtobeusedforWindowsStore
appsthatcontainasmallnumberofpagesanditsinformationisnotorganizedina
hierarchy,i.e.,thepages,tabs,andmodesarelogicalpeers.
flat-filelogging(n)~TheprocessofcreatinganeventlogthatiswrittentoaUTF-8
formattedtextfile.
flatrate~pricingplanforTelco
flatten(v)~Indigitalgraphiccreationandmanipulationprograms,tocombinealllayers
oftext,images,andothergraphicelementsintoasinglelayer.Elementscannotbeedited
afterthegraphicisflattened,soagraphicisnotusuallyflatteneduntilthefinalstepwhen
alladjustmentshavebeenmadetotheindividuallayers.Flatteninganimagesignificantly
reducesitsfilesizeandallowsittobesavedinawiderrangeofformats.Flatteningis
similartogroupinginthatbothactionscombineasetofobjects.However,flatteningisa
permanentaction,whereasagroupofobjectscanbeungrouped.
flatten(v)~Toconvertanestedstructureintoaflatstructure.
flattenedinterface(n)~Aninterfacecreatedtocombinemembersofmultipleinterfaces.
flattenedrowset(n)~Amultidimensionaldatasetpresentedasatwo-dimensionalrowset
inwhichuniquecombinationsofelementsofmultipledimensionsarecombinedonan
axis.
flexbox(n)~Acontrolthat-allowsdesignersanddeveloperstopositionandalignchild
elementswithinaparentcontainerandcanbeusedtocreateflexiblecontainersthat
proportionallyexpandtofillanyremainingspaceinanHTMLlayout.-Thesecapabilities
allowimmersiveapplicationdeveloperstobuildkeyapplicationlayouts,suchastoolbars
ofnavigationelements.
FlexGo(PN)~ThetechnologyandbusinessmodelbehindaMicrosoftlicensingprogram
thatenableslow-entry-costpersonalcomputingthroughsubscriptionandpay-as-you-go
softwarelicensing.
FlexGoManagementPortal(PN)~AWebsiteusedbycustomerservicerepresentatives
andsupportpersonneltoperformadministrativefunctionssuchasupdatinginformation
forcomputersthatarealreadyinthesystemorcreatingbatchupdates.
FlexGotechnology(PN)~ThetechnologyandbusinessmodelbehindaMicrosoft
licensingprogramthatenableslow-entry-costpersonalcomputingthroughsubscription
andpay-as-you-gosoftwarelicensing.
flexibleauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationprocesswhereusersinavarietyofidentity
managementsystemscanbeauthenticated.
flexibleconstraint(n)~Aconstraintthatdoesnottieatasktoasingledate.Flexible
constraintsareAsSoonAsPossible,AsLateAsPossible,FinishNoEarlierThan,Finish
NoLaterThan,StartNoEarlierThan,andStartNoLaterThan.
flexibleID(n)~Anidentifierthatisassignedtovarioussynchronizationentities,suchas
replicas.Theidentifiercanbeoffixedorvariablelength.
flexibleidentifier(n)~Anidentifierthatisassignedtovarioussynchronizationentities,
suchasreplicas.Theidentifiercanbeoffixedorvariablelength.
flick(v)~Aquick,straightstrokeofafingerorpenonascreen.Aflickisrecognizedasa
gesture,andinterpretedasanavigationoraneditingcommand.
flick(v)~Toputyourfingeronatouchscreenandthenswipeitquickly,liftingyourfinger
offthescreen,inthedirectionyouwant.
flicker(n)~Rapid,visiblefluctuationinascreenimage,asonatelevisionorcomputer
monitor.Flickeroccurswhentheimageisrefreshed(updated)tooinfrequentlyortoo
slowlyfortheeyetoperceiveasteadylevelofbrightness.Intelevisionandraster-scan
displays,flickerisnotnoticeablewhentherefreshrateis50to60timespersecond.
Interlaceddisplays,inwhichtheodd-numberedscanlinesarerefreshedononesweepand
even-numberedlinesontheother,achieveaflicker-freeeffectiverefreshrateof50to60
timespersecondbecausethelinesappeartomerge,eventhougheachlineisactually
updatedonly25to30timespersecond.
flicksset(n)~Acollectionofgesturesyoucanmakewithatabletpentoquicklynavigate
andperformshortcuts.
FlightSearch(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsausertosearchforflightsonairlines.
FlightStatus(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsausertocheckthestatusofagivenairline
flight.
flip(v)~Tochangetheorientationofaselectedobjecthorizontally,vertically,orinboth
directions.
flipahead(v)~Togotothenextpageonasitequicklybyswipingacrossthepageor
clickingtheForwardbutton.
flipahead(n)~AfeatureinInternetExplorerthatenablesuserstogotothenextpageon
asitequicklybyswipingacrossthepageorclickingtheForwardbutton.
flipbar(n)~Thelistofdocumentsthatarecurrentlyopendisplayedintheorderwhich
youopenedthem.
flipchippackaging(n)~Apackagingtechniquethatconnectsdiebondpadstoapackage
substratewithoutusingwirebonds.Thebumpeddieisplacedonthepackagesubstrate
wherethebumpsconnecttothepackagepins.
FlipView(PN)~ThecontrolforWindowsStoreappsthatenablesuserstoflipthrough
content.
float(n)~Adatatypethatholdsfloating-pointnumberdatafrom-1.79E+308through
1.79E+308.float,doubleprecision,andfloat(n)areSQLServerfloatdatatypes.
float(v)~Tomanipulateaninterfaceelement,suchasapaneloratoolbar,inorderto
makeitawindowseparatefromtheapplicationwindow.
floating(adj)~Abletomovefreelyasitsownwindow.Afloatingwindowisalwayson
top.Toolbars,menubars,thetoolbox,andpalettescanfloat.
floatingcolumnchart(n)~Astackedcolumnchartthatcreatestheeffectoffloating
columnsbymakingthefirstdataseriesinvisible.Theresultisachartthatdepicts
mininumandmaximumvalues.
floatingobject(n)~Agraphicorotherobjectthatisinsertedinthedrawinglayersothat
youcanpositionitpreciselyonthepageorinfrontoforbehindtextorotherobjects.
floatingpoint(n)~Anumberrepresentedbyamantissaandanexponentaccordingtoa
givenbase.Themantissaisusuallyavaluebetween0and1.Tofindthevalueofa
floating-pointnumber,thebaseisraisedtothepoweroftheexponent,andthemantissais
multipliedbytheresult.Ordinaryscientificnotationusesfloating-pointnumberswith10
asthebase.Inacomputer,thebaseforfloating-pointnumbersisusually2.
floatingtoolbar(n)~Atoolbarthatisnotattachedtotheedgeoftheprogramwindow.
Youcanchangetheshapeofsomefloatingtoolbars.
floatingversionrights(n)~Thecategoriesofsoftwarelicensesthatareavailablefor
purchasefromMicrosoftandthatgrantthepurchasertherighttousethelatestversionofa
softwaretitleasitbecomesavailable,throughoutthetermofthecustomer’svolume
licenseagreement.
floating-pointnumber(n)~Anumberrepresentedbyamantissaandanexponent
accordingtoagivenbase.Themantissaisusuallyavaluebetween0and1.Tofindthe
valueofafloating-pointnumber,thebaseisraisedtothepoweroftheexponent,andthe
mantissaismultipliedbytheresult.Ordinaryscientificnotationusesfloating-point
numberswith10asthebase.Inacomputer,thebaseforfloating-pointnumbersisusually
2.
floating-pointunit(n)~Acircuitthatperformsfloating-pointcalculations.
floodattack(n)~Adenial-of-serviceattackinwhichaserverisflooded’withrequests
thatcannotbecompleted.Onceflooded
FloodMitigation(n)~AfeatureintheGeneralConfigurationSettingsthatenablesthe
usertospecifyhowISAServerwillpreventfloodattacks.
flooding~Anattackthatattemptstocauseafailurein(especially,inthesecurityof)a
computersystemorotherdataprocessingentitybyprovidingmoreinputthantheentity
canprocessproperly.
FloorIsStock-OutThreshold(n)~Asite-levelsettingthatoverridestheStock-Out
Thresholdvalueofeachproduct.
floorplan(n)~Adrawingthatshowsthelayoutofindividualroomsorentirefloorsofa
buildingincludingthewallstructure,buildingcore,andelectricalsymbols.Atypeof
buildingplan.
floppydisk(n)~Areusablemagneticstoragemedium.Thefloppydiskusedtodayisthe
rigid3.5-inchmicrofloppythatholds1.44MB.Itiscalledfloppybecausethefirst
varietieswerehousedinbendablejackets.
Floppydisk~Alsoknownasa-diskette.Nowobsolete.Originallycalledfloppydisks
becausetheywereroundandnon-rigid,butlatertheactualfloppydiskwasenclosed
insidearigid,near-squareprotectivecasing.Mostprogramsusedtobereleasedonfloppy
disks,butmodernprogramsaresolargethattheyarenowreleasedonCDROMorDVD
instead.
floppydiskdrive(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatreadsdatafromandwritesdatatofloppy
disks.
FLOPS(n)~Ameasureofthespeedatwhichacomputercanperformfloating-point
operations.
flow(n)~AnyofthedifferentmembersoftheFlowdimension.
flow(n)~Acontentprocessingorqueryprocessingpipelinethatcontainsoperatorsthat
determinehowthecontentorthequeryisprocessed.
flowcontrol(n)~Themanagementofdatatransmissionbetweentwodevices,suchas
betweentheCPUandaperipheraldeviceorbetweennodesinanetwork.Itensuresthat
thereceivercanhandlealltheincomingdataandusuallydependsonasetofprotocols
establishedatthebeginningofthetransmissionsessionthatdefinehowandwhenasender
maytransmit.Flowcontrolalsoenablesslower-speeddevicestocommunicatewith
higher-speedones.
Flowdimensionmember(n)~AnyofthedifferentmembersoftheFlowdimension.
flowlayout(n)~Awayofdesigningaforminwhichallelementsarepositionedone
immediatelyaftertheother.
flowchart(n)~Agraphicmapthatcandocumentprocedures,analyzeprocesses,indicate
workorinformationflow,ortrackcostandefficiency.
flowchartsymbol(n)~Aniconthatillustratesoneofthevariousflowchartingfunctions.
Fluent(adj)~Characterizedbydesignandfunctionalelementsintroducedinthe2007
MicrosoftOfficesuiteuserinterface.
Fluentuserinterface(PN)~Theuserinterfaceintroducedwiththe2007MicrosoftOffice
suite.ItincludescomponentsandfeaturessuchastheRibbon,Galleries,LivePreview,the
MiniToolbar,andContextualTabs.
fluidapplicationmodel(n)~Amodelthatenablessecure,cross-domain,integration
betweenexternalapplicationsandSharePointFoundationdeployments.
flush(adj)~Alignedinacertainwayonthescreenoronpaper.Flushleft,forexample,
meansalignedontheleftside;flushrightmeansalignedontherightside.
flushingprinciple(n)~ThemethodthatisusedtoregisteritemconsumptionforaBOM
lineagainstaproductionorder.
FlyIn,Fades(v)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
FlyIn,FlyOut(v)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
FlyIn,LeftandRight(v)~AcreditortitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
FlyIn,TopLeft(v)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
FlyOut(v)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
flyer(n)~Acircularorpamphletfordistribution,normallyusedforadvertisements.
flyout(n)~Acontroltoexposelightweight,contextualUI.
flyoutanchor(n)~Abutton-likecontrolintheRibbonthatpopsupamenuwithmore
optionswhenclicked.
flyoutcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetocreateaflyout.
flyweightpatching(n)~Aprocessthatreducesthetimethatisrequiredtoapplyupdates
toinstalledapplicationswherebyonlythepartsofanapplicationthataremodifiedbyan
updateactuallychange.
FM(PN)~AWindowsFabricsystemserviceresponsibleforfailuredetectionandfailover
ofservices,forcoordinatingtheplacementofreplicasacrossfailuredomains,for
reconfigurationofthereplica-setbasedoncomplaintsinthesystem,forbalancingtheload
acrossallthenodes,andforensuringavailabilityandreliabilityoftheservices.
FMP(PN)~AWebsiteusedbycustomerservicerepresentativesandsupportpersonnelto
performadministrativefunctionssuchasupdatinginformationforcomputersthatare
alreadyinthesystemorcreatingbatchupdates.
f-number(n)~Inphotography,thediameteroftheapertureexpressedintermsofthefocal
lengthofthecameralens.Thegreaterthef-number,thelesslightreachesthefilmandthe
moreinfocustheobjectsintheforegroundandthebackgroundwillbe.Forexample,with
anf-number=16theobjectsinthefarbackgroundwillbeinfocus.Whereas,withanf-
number=2thebackgroundwillbeblurry(whileforegroundobjectsareinfocus).
FOAD~(OffAndDie)-Internetslang.Prettyself-explanatoryreally.
FOB(oth)~Ashippingmethodthatestablishesthepointatwhichownershipofgoods
passestothebuyer.TheFOBcanestablishownershipwhenanitemisdamagedintransit.
focallength(n)~Thedistancebetweenthecamera’slensandtheimageplane.
Focus(n)~AfeatureofLyncServerorOfficeCommunicationsServerthatmanages
conferencestate.
Focus(PN)~Thesearchtopicselectormenufromwhichyoucanselectanitemthatan
analysisfocuseson.
FocusFactory(n)~AfeatureofLyncServerorOfficeCommunicationsServerthathelps
tomanageconferencesandschedulemeetings.
focusofcontrol(n)~Inasequencediagram,thetimeperiodduringwhichanobjector
actorisperforminganaction.Activationisrepresentedbyathinrectangle.
focusable(adj)~Pertainingtoanything(e.g.elements)thatcanreceivefocus.
FocusedIonBeam(n)~Afocusedbeamofgalliumionsthatcanbeusedtoimagethe
surfaceofaPCBorotherobject.
foldcount(n)~Avaluethatrepresentsthenumberofpartitionsthatwillbecreatedwithin
theoriginaldataset.
folder(n)~Anamedstorageareaonacomputerordevicecontainingfilesandother
folders.Foldersareusedtoorganizeinformationelectronically,thesamewayactual
foldersinafilingcabinetdo.
folder(n)~InDistributedFileSystem(DFS),anobjectinanamespacethatvirtualizes
multiplesharedfolders(referredtoasfoldertargets),orinthecaseoffolderswithout
targets,addshierarchytothenamespace.
folder(n)~AfeaturethatallowsuserstogrouptilesandLiveTilesontheStartScreen
andkeepappsbetterorganized.
Folder~Anareaonadiskforstoring-files-in.Folderscanalsocontainotherfolders,
whichinturncancontainmorefolders,andsoonalmosttoinfinity.
folderhierarchy(n)~Aboundednamespacethatuniquelyidentifiesallreports,folders,
shareddatasourceitems,andresourcesthatarestoredinandmanagedbyareportserver.
folderhomepage(n)~AnInternetWebpageorintranetpagethatisassociatedwithan
Outlookfolder.Ifapagehasbeenassociatedwiththefolderandtheoptionisset,theWeb
pageappearsintheOutlookwindowwheneveryouselectthefolder.
FolderList(n)~Amenuoptionthatdisplaysthefoldersavailableinyourmailbox.
FolderList(PN)~ThelistoffoldersthatappearsintheNavigationPanewhenviewing
mailinOutlookforMac.
FolderPane(PN)~ApaneintheOutlookwindowthatcontainsfoldersforeachview,
suchasMailorCalendar.
folderpicker(n)~AUIelementthatenablesuserstolocateandopenfolders.
FolderRedirection(n)~AGroupPolicyoptionthatallowsyoutoredirectdesignated
folderstothenetwork.
foldertree(n)~AhierarchyoffoldersintheExchangestoreverysimilarinstructureto
thestandardfilesystem.Asinglefoldercancontainchildfolders,which,inturn,can
containotherchildfolders.
folderwatching(n)~Afeaturethatinstructstheapplicationtomonitorfoldersfornewly
addedcontent.
Foldersview(n)~Theviewofawebsitethatshowshowthecontentofthesiteis
organized.Youcancreate,delete,copy,andmovefoldersandfilesinFoldersview.
Folk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#80.
Folklore(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#115.
Folk-Rock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#81.
follow(v)~Totrackcontent,peopleorotherentitiesbyaddingthemtoalistofthingsthat
youcareaboutandforwhichyouwouldliketosurfaceupdatesaboutchangesand
activities.
FollowUp(PN)~AbuttononthetoolbarthatopenstheFormAssistantpane,wherea
usercancreatearelatedactivity.
followup(adj)~Toactonormakefurtherinvestigationsonacontactorlead,onthebasis
ofinformationreceived.
followedhyperlink(n)~AhyperlinkonaWebpagethatasitevisitorhasactivatedby
usingamousedevice,keyboard,orothertypeofpointingdevice.
follower(n)~Apersonwhosubscribestoreceiveupdatesofanotherperson’sactivities.
follow-upactivity(n)~AnactivitycreatedusingtheFollowUpformintheForm
Assistant.
font(n)~Agraphicdesignappliedtoacollectionofnumbers,symbols,andcharacters.A
fontdescribesacertaintypeface,alongwithotherqualitiessuchassize,spacing,and
pitch.
Font~Anotherwordfortypeface,iethestyleoflettering.
FontCacheService(PN)~AWin32serviceprocessthatoptimizesperformanceof
applicationsbycachingcommonlyusedfontdata.Applicationswillstartthisserviceifit
isnotalreadyrunning.Itcanbedisabled,thoughdoingsowilldegradeapplication
performance.
fontcartridge(n)~Aplug-inunitavailableforsomeprintersthatcontainsfontsinseveral
stylesandsizes.Aswithdownloadablefonts,printersusingfontcartridgescanproduce
charactersinsizesandstylesotherthanthosecreatedbythefontsbuiltintoit.
Fontchoices(PN)~Theoptionthatshowsthesetoffontsthatcanbeappliedtoasway.
fontembedding(n)~Theactofinsertingfontinformationintothepublicationorthe
compiledapplication.Oncethefontisembedded,theinformationbecomespartofthe
publicationortheapplication.
fontfamily(n)~Thesetofavailablefontsrepresentingvariationsofasingletypeface.For
example,TimesRomanandTimesRomanItalicaremembersofthesamefontfamily.
Whentheuserindicatesitalic,thesystemselectsthecorrectitalicfontforthefontfamily,
withitscharacteristicappearance.Ifthereisnoitalicfontinthefamily,thesystemsimply
slants,orobliques’
fontmanager(n)~Asoftwareprogramthathelpsyouincreaseordecreasethesetsof
availablefonts.
fontpreviewer(n)~Atoolorfeaturethatallowsuserstoseedifferentfonts,typography
formats,andlettershapesthatdisplayonthecomputerand/oronWebsites.
fontresource(n)~Agraphicdesignappliedtoacollectionofnumbers,symbols,and
characters.Afontdescribesacertaintypeface,alongwithotherqualitiessuchassize,
spacing,andpitch.
fontresourcefile(n)~Afilethatcontainsinformationaboutafont.
fontscheme(n)~Apre-designedcombinationoffontsthatworkwelltogether.
fontsize(n)~Thepointsizeofasetofcharactersinaparticulartypeface.
fontstyle(n)~Thestylisticattributesofafont-€”suchasbold,italic,andunderline.
fontsubsetting(n)~Embeddingalimitednumberofcharactersspecifictoonefont,
reducingfilesize.
fontsubstitution(n)~AsubstitutionthatoccurswhenWindowsoryourprinterusesa
fontsimilartotheoneyouusedinyourpublicationtodisplayorprintyourpublication.
fontweight(n)~Anindicationoftheamountofverticalthicknessinthecharactersofa
font.
Food&Dining(PN)~Alistofrestaurantsandbarsinaspecificneighborhood.
Food&Drink(PN)~Anapplicationthatprovidesrecipesandtoolsformeal-planning,
instructionalviews,andanextensivewineguide.
FoodandDrugAdministration(n)~AU.S.governmentalagencythatisresponsiblefor
protectingpublichealthbyregulatingthingssuchasfood,drugs,medicaldevices,and
biologicalproducts.
foot(v)~Tototalamountsvertically.Theresultingsumcanbecheckedagainstatotal
obtainedbycross-footing(addingamountshorizontally).
footer(n)~Oneormorelinesoftextinthebottommarginareaofapage.Afootermay
containelementssuchasthepagenumber,thenameofthefile,orthedate.
footer~AformattingstyledesignatedinHTMLbyaspecifictagandusedattheendof
anHTMLfile.
forcefeedback(n)~Atechnologythatgeneratespushorresistanceinaninput/output
device.Forcefeedbackenablesaninput/outputdevice,suchasajoystickorasteering
wheel,toreacttotheuser’sactioninappropriateresponsetoeventsdisplayedonthe
screen.Forexample,forcefeedbackcanbeusedwithacomputergametoreacttoaplane
risinginasteepascentoraracecarturningatightcorner.
ForceRemoval(v)~Alinkthatallowstheusertotriggerremovalofadatabasefroma
groupofdatabases.
forcedexpiratoryvolume(n)~Thevolumeofaircomingoutofthelungunderforced
conditions.
forcedfailover(n)~Foranavailabilitygroup,aformoffailover(withpossibledataloss)
thatcanbeinitiatedbyadatabaseadministratorinresponsetothelossoftheprimary
replicawhenautomaticfailoverdidnotoccur.
forcedinspiratoryflow(n)~Thespeedofaircomingintothelungunderforced
inspiration.
forcedmanualfailover(n)~Foranavailabilitygroup,aformoffailover(withpossible
dataloss)thatcanbeinitiatedbyadatabaseadministratorinresponsetothelossofthe
primaryreplicawhenautomaticfailoverdidnotoccur.
forcedquorum(n)~TheprocesstostartaWSFCclustereventhoughonlyaminorityof
theelementsthatarerequiredforquorumareincommunication.
forcedrenamestate(n)~ThestatethataWindowsLiveIDtakeswhentheuseraccount
withwhichitisassociatedisdeletedfromOutlookLive,buttheWindowsLiveIDforthe
accountisn’tdeleted.ThecredentialsforthatWindowsLiveIDarestillvalidand
recognized,buttheWindowsLiveIDisputintoaforcedrenamestate.Ifsomeonetriesto
signinusingthatWindowsLiveIDanditspassword,they’reaskedtorenamethe
WindowsLiveID.TheycanrenametheWindowsLiveID,butbecausethenewe-mail
addresscan’texistintheOutlookLivedomain,theWindowsLiveIDisnolonger
functionalinOutlookLive.
forcedservice(n)~Inadatabasemirroringsession,afailoverinitiatedbythedatabase
owneruponthefailureoftheprincipalserverthattransfersservicetothemirrordatabase
whileitisinanunknownstate.Datamaybelost.
forcedvitalcapacity(n)~Thevolumeofairthatcanforciblybeblownoutafterfull
inspiration,measuredinliters.
forecast(n)~Apredictionoffutureevents,suchasincome,sales,orweather.
forecastdimension(n)~Adimensionthatisusedtocharacterizethelevelofdetailfor
whichaforecastisdefined.
forecastplan(n)~Along-rangeplanforestimatingcapacity,quantitiesoffinishedgoods
tobesold,andquantitiesofcomponentsneeded,andforestablishingfinancialpriorities.
forecasting(n)~Aplanningtoolthathelpsmanagementinitsattemptstocopewiththe
uncertaintyofthefuture,relyingmainlyondatafromthepastandpresentandanalysisof
trends.Forecastingstartswithcertainassumptionsbasedonthemanagement’sexperience,
knowledge,andjudgment.
foreground(n)~Thebrushcolorofdisplayedcharactersandgraphics,forexample,the
colorofthetextthatisdisplayedinaTextBoxcontrol.
foregroundcolor(n)~Thecolorthatiscurrentlyselectedfordrawingordisplayingtext
onthescreen.Inmonochromedisplays,theforegroundcoloristhecolorofabitmapor
othergraphic.
foregroundpage(n)~Thetoppageofadrawing.
foregroundprogram(n)~Theprogramthatrunsintheactivewindow(theuppermost
windowwiththehighlightedtitlebar).Theforegroundprogramrespondstocommands
issuedbytheuser.
foreignaddress(n)~AnyaddresstypethattheMSMailpostofficedoesnothavea
gatewayoraccesscomponentinstalledforrouting.
foreigncomputer(n)~Acomputerthatusesanothermessagequeuingsystembut,
throughaconnectorapplication,canexchangemessageswithcomputersthatrunMessage
Queuing.
Foreignconnector(PN)~AnExchangeServer2007connectorthatusesaDropdirectory
onaHubTransportservertosendmessagestoalocalmessagingserverthatdoesn’tuse
theSimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP)asitsprimarytransportmechanism.
foreigncurrency(n)~Anyformofmoneyinpubliccirculationthatisnotyourbase
(local)currency.
foreigncurrencyrevaluation(n)~Aprocedureforrecordingrevaluedassetsand
liabilitiesthataccountfordifferencesinexchangeratesbetweenanoriginaltransaction
currencyunitandaccountingcurrencyunitconversionandaperiodendtransaction
currencyandaccountingcurrencyconversion.
foreigncurrencytranslation(n)~Theprocessofrestatingforeigncurrencyaccountsof
subsidiariesintoequivalentcurrency(usuallythereportingcurrencyoftheparent
company),inordertoprepareconsolidatedfinancialstatementsinthenativecurrencyof
theparentcompany.
foreigncurrencytranslation(n)~Aprocedureforrecordingrevaluedfunctional
currencyaccountbalanceswhenrestatingaccountbalancesinareportingcurrency.
foreigncurrencyunit(n)~Acurrencyunitofacountry/regionthatisnotthefunctional
currencyunitoftheprimarylegalentity.
foreignkey(n)~Akeyinadatabasetablethatcomesfromanothertable(alsoknowas
thereferencedtable’)andwhosevaluesmatchtheprimarykey(PK)oruniquekeyinthe
referencedtable.’
foreignkey(n)~Asetoffieldswhosevaluesaremigratedfromaprimarykeyoran
alternatekeyfromaparenttable.
foreignkeyassociation(n)~Anassociationbetweenentitiesthatismanagedthrough
foreignkeyproperties.
ForeignPrincipalGroup(n)~Atypeofgroupwithinaforest(B)thatenablesthatgroup
toaccesstheresourcesofadifferentforest(A)byassigningtheFPGgroupwiththesame
IDasagroupwithintheAforestandenablingittomimictheaccesspermissionsofthe
groupwiththesameIDofForestA.
foreigntable(n)~Atablethatcontainsaforeignkey.
foreign-address(n)~AdeprecatedfunctioninListProcessor(Lisp),specifyingthe
locationofaforeignobjectwhichtakestheformofaLispinteger,aLispvector,ora
foreign-pointerinstance.
foreseeableloss(n)~Anexpectedlossonaprojectthatistreatedasanexpense
transactionbecauseitislikelythatthetotalprojectcostwillexceedthetotalproject
revenueorcapitalizationlimit.
forest(n)~OneormoreActiveDirectorydomainsthatsharethesameclassandattribute
definitions(schema),siteandreplicationinformation(configuration),andforest-wide
searchcapabilities(globalcatalog).Domainsinthesameforestarelinkedwithtwo-way,
transitivetrustrelationships.
forest~Acollectionofoneormore-domain-treeswithacommonschemaandimplicit
trustrelationshipsbetweenthem.
forestconfiguration(n)~AconfigurationobjectusedtomodelActiveDirectoryforests.
forestrootdomain(n)~Thefirstdomaincreatedinanewforest.Theforest-wide
administrativegroups,EnterpriseAdminsandSchemaAdmins,arelocatedinthisdomain.
Asabestpractice,newdomainsarecreatedaschildrenoftheforestrootdomain.
foresttrust(n)~AtrustbetweentwoWindowsServer2003foreststhatformstrust
relationshipsbetweeneverydomaininbothforests.Aforesttrustcanbecreatedonly
betweentheforestrootdomainsineachforest.Foresttrustsaretransitive,andtheycanbe
one-wayortwo-way.Anadministratormustmanuallyestablishaforesttrust,unlikean
automaticallyestablishedtrust,suchasaparent-childtrust.
fork~Astreamofdatathatcanbeopenedandaccessedindividuallyunderacommon
filename.TheMacOSStandardandExtendedfilesystemsstoreaseparatedataforkand
resourceforkaspartofeveryfile.
fork~InBSD,forkisasystemcallthatcreatesanewprocess.
form(n)~Insomeapplications(especiallydatabases),astructuredwindow,box,orother
self-containedelementthatservesasavisualfilterfortheunderlyingdataitispresenting.
form(n)~Astructureddocumentortemplatewithspacesreservedforentering
informationandoftencontainingspecialcoding(e.g.totriggerdataprocessing).
form(n)~AformtargetedateithertheWebortheconsole.
formarea(n)~TheareaoftheInfoPathworkspacethatdisplaystheformyouare
workingwith.
formassignment(n)~Assignmentofresponsibility,byacontributor,tosubmitdata,
reviewdata,orapprovedataonadataentryform.
formcontrol(n)~OnaWebsite,anindividualboxorbuttonwithwhichyouenter
informationonanelectronicform.
formdefinitionfile(n)~AnXMLfilewithan.xsfextensionthatcontainsinformation
aboutallotherfilesandcomponentsusedwithinaform,includinguserinterface
customizations,XMLSchemas,views,businesslogic,events,anddeploymentsettings.
formeditor(n)~TheuserinterfacecontrolinMicrosoftDynamicsCRMwhereyoucan
createandeditformsforanentity.
formfactor(n)~Thesize,shape,andconfigurationofapieceofcomputerhardware.The
termisoftenappliedtosubcomponentssuchasdiskdrives,circuitboards,andsmall
devices,suchashandheldPCs.Itcanalsobeusedmorebroadlytoincludethe
arrangementandpositioningofexternalswitches,plugs,andothercomponentsofthe
device,oritcanrefertothefootprintofanentirecomputer.
formfactor(n)~Acategoryofdevicesthatshareapropertyorpropertiesrelatingtosize,
aspectratio,inputmechanisms,andotherphysicalcharacteristics.
formfeed(n)~Aprintercommandthattellsaprintertomovetothetopofthenextpage.
IntheASCIIcharacterset,theform-feedcharacterhasthedecimalvalue12(hexadecimal
0C).Becauseitspurposeistobeginprintingonanewpage,formfeedisalsoknownas
thepage-ejectcharacter.
formfield(n)~Adata-entryfieldonapage.Asitevisitorsuppliesinformationinafield
eitherbytypingtextorbyselectingafield.
formfiles(n)~Acollectionoffilesthatareusedtoimplementaform.Filetypescan
include.html,.xml,.xsd,.xslt,script,andotherfiletypesthatarenecessarytosupportthe
functionalityoftheform.
formfooter(n)~Usetodisplayinstructionsforusingaform,commandbuttons,or
unboundcontrolstoacceptinput.DisplaysatthebottomoftheforminFormviewandat
theendofaprintout.
formhandler(n)~Aprogramonaserverthatrunswhenasitevisitorsubmitsaform.
formheader(n)~Usetodisplayatitleforaform,instructionsforusingit,orcommand
buttonsthatopenrelatedformsorcarryoutothertasks.Displaysatthetopoftheformin
Formviewandatthebeginningofaprintout.
forminstance(n)~Aninstance,orcopy,ofaPerformancePointPlanningformtemplate
thatispushedtoaPerformancePointAdd-inforExcelcontributor,reviewer,orapprover
viaanassignment.
formlibrary(n)~Afolderinwhichacollectionofformsbasedonthesametemplateis
storedandshared.Eachforminaformlibraryisassociatedwithuser-definedinformation
thatisdisplayedinthecontentlistingforthatlibrary.
FormLibraryURLRepairTool(PN)~AfeaturethatupdatesabsoluteURLsinform
templatesassociatedwithSharePointFormLibraries(i.e.,InfoPathXSNs)aswellas
UniversalDataConnectionfiles.
FormMode(n)~Theoptionthatletsuserschoose,bedefault,whatmodetheywillview
recordsinformsin.
formmodule(n)~Amodulethatincludescodeforalleventprocedurestriggeredby
eventsoccurringonaspecificformoritscontrols.
formproperties(n)~Attributesofaformthataffectitsappearanceorbehavior.For
example,theDefaultViewpropertyisaformpropertythatdetermineswhetheraformwill
automaticallyopeninFormvieworDatasheetview.
formregion(n)~AcustomizableextensiontoMicrosoftOfficeOutlookforms.
formselector(n)~Theboxwheretherulersmeet,intheupper-leftcornerofaformin
Designview.Usetheboxtoperformform-leveloperations,suchasselectingtheform.
formtemplate(n)~Afileorsetoffilesthatdefinesthedatastructure,appearance,and
behaviorofaform.
formtemplatelibrary(n)~Thelocation,inthetop-levelsiteofasitecollection,where
theformtemplatesthathavebeenactivatedbyanadministratorarestored.
Formview(n)~Awindowthatdisplaysaformtoeithershoworacceptdata.Formview
istheprimarymeansofaddingandmodifyingdataintables.Youcannotchangethe
designofaforminthisview.
formalagent(n)~AnagentwhomaybesignedinintoUCthroughouttheday,andthey
maysigninandoutoftheACDsystemduringtheday.Theyarefullyawareoftheirrole
asanagentandwanttobeabletoseethenumbersofcallsinthequeuestheyareserving,
andsoon.
format(n)~Theoveralllayoutorpatternofadocument.
format(v)~Toprepareadiskforusebyorganizingitsstoragespaceintoacollectionof
datacompartments’
format(v)~Toarrangeobjectsinaspecifiedformorlayout.
format(n)~Theattributesofacellinaspreadsheet,suchasitsbeingalphabeticor
numeric,thenumberofdigits,theuseofcommas,andtheuseofcurrencysigns.
format(n)~Thestructureororganizationofdatainafile.
format(n)~Thestructureorappearanceofaunitofdata,suchasafield,ortextina
messagebody.
formatbar(n)~Atoolbarwithinanapplicationusedformodifyingtheformatofthe
documentbeingdisplayed,suchaschangingfontsizeortype.
formatfile(n)~Afilecontainingmetainformation(suchasdatatypeandcolumnsize)
thatisusedtointerpretdatawhenbeingreadfromorwrittentoadatafile.
FormatObjecttaskpane(PN)~Ataskpanethatprovidesfunctionalityforformatting
objects.
FormatPainter(v)~Afeaturethatreplicatesformattingfromasourceitem-€”suchas
textinWord,acellinExcel,acontrolinAccess,orashapeinPublisher-€”tooneor
moretargetitems.
formatswitch(n)~Aswitch(\*)orinstructionthatspecifiesthecapitalization,numeral
style,andcharacterformattingthatMicrosoftWordusesinafieldresult.
formatting(n)~Theelementsofstyleandpresentationthatareaddedtodocuments
throughtheuseofmargins,indents,anddifferentsizes,weights,andstylesoftype.
formattingdimension(n)~Thedimensionthatnumericformattingisappliedto.
FormattingPalette(PN)~AfreefloatingutilityinMicrosoftOfficeforMacthatputsthe
rightformattingoptionsatusers’fingertipswhentheyneedthem.
formscache(n)~Alocationonacomputer’sharddrivetostorealocalcopyofaformto
improveperformancewhenopeningaformsubsequenttimes.
forms-basedauthentication(PN)~Aservicethatenablesapplicationstoprovidetheir
ownlogonUIandtoverifycredentialsindependently.
formula(n)~Asequenceofvalues,cellreferences,names,functions,oroperatorsina
cellthattogetherproduceanewvalue.
formula(n)~Anumericrelationshipamongproductionprocessinputsandproduction
processoutputs.
FormulaAutoComplete(PN)~AnAutoCompletefeatureforExcelformulas.
formulabar(n)~AbaratthetopoftheExcelwindowthatyouusetoenteroreditvalues
orformulasincellsorcharts.Displaystheconstantvalueorformulastoredintheactive
cell.
FormulaBuilder(PN)~Atoolthathelpsyoucreateoreditaformulaandalsoprovides
informationaboutfunctionsandtheirarguments.
formulaitem(n)~Anoutputofabatchprocesscontrolledbyaformula.
FormulaPalette(n)~Atoolthathelpsyoucreateoreditaformulaandalsoprovides
informationaboutfunctionsandtheirarguments.
Forum~Apublicorsemi-publicareaonawebsiteorbulletinboardwhereyoucanread
andpostmessagesonaparticulartopic,allowingpublicdebate.
forward(v)~Tosendareceivede-mailmessageorcalendaritem,eithermodifiedorinits
entirety,toanewrecipient.
forward(v)~Tomoveacalltoanotherphonebeforethecallisanswered.
Forward(adj)~Anavigationbuttonusedtoreturntoapagefromwhichtheuserhas
navigatedawayviatheInternetExplorerBackcommand.
forwardlookup(n)~InDNS,aqueryprocessinwhichthefriendlyDNSdomainnameof
ahostcomputerissearchedtofinditsIPaddress.InDNSManager,forwardlookupzones
arebasedonDNSdomainnamesandtypicallyholdhostaddress(A)resourcerecords.
forwardmailbox(n)~AmailboxusedbytheE-mailRoutertorouteincomingMicrosoft
DynamicsCRMe-mailmessagesandcreateactivitiesforindividualusers.
forwardplanning(n)~Amethodfordeterminingaproductionschedulebybeginning
withtheproductionstartdateandworkingforwardtodeterminetheproduction
completiondate.
forwardproxy(n)~Anintermediateserverthatsitsbetweentheclientandtheorigin
server.Toretrievecontentfromtheoriginserver,theclientsendsarequesttotheproxy
namingtheoriginserverasthetarget.Theproxythenrequeststhecontentfromtheorigin
serverandreturnsthecontenttotheclient.
forwardscheduling(n)~Amethodfordeterminingaproductionschedulebybeginning
withtheproductionstartdateandworkingforwardtodeterminetheproduction
completiondate.
forwardslash(n)~The/character.
forwardingproxy(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerusedtoforwardSIPtraffic
withinanorganization.
forward-onlycursor(n)~Acursorthatcannotbescrolled;rowscanbereadonlyin
sequencefromthefirstrowtothelastrow.
foster(v)~Toencourageorfacilitate.
fourcharactercode(n)~A32-bitunsignedintegerthatiscreatedbyconcatenatingfour
ASCIIcharacterstoidentifyadataformat.
FOURCCcode(n)~A32-bitunsignedintegerthatiscreatedbyconcatenatingfour
ASCIIcharacterstoidentifyadataformat.
four-headedarrow(n)~Twoarrowsinshapeofacross,withtwoheadseachpointingin
oppositedirections.
Fouriertransform(n)~Amathematicalmethod,developedbytheFrenchmathematician
Jean-Baptiste-JosephFourier(1768-1830),forsignalprocessingandsignalgeneration
taskssuchasspectralanalysisandimageprocessing.TheFouriertransformconvertsa
signalvaluethatisafunctionoftime,space,orbothintoafunctionoffrequency.The
inverseFouriertransformconvertsafunctionoffrequenciesintoafunctionoftime,space,
orboth.
FPMDRAM(n)~AnolderformofDRAM,usedinpersonalcomputersbeforeEDO
RAMwasintroduced,withtypicalclocktimingsof6-3-3-3.
FPMRAM(n)~AspeciallydesigneddynamicRAMthatsupportsaccesstosequential
memorylocationswithareducedcycletime.
FPS(n)~Thenumberofvideoframesdisplayedpersecond.Higherframeratesgenerally
producesmoothermovementinthepicture.
FPS~1-(FramesPerSecond)-Ameasureofthesmoothnessandqualityofanimations,
particularlyincomputergames.Themoreframespersecond,thebetterthequality.
FPS~2-(FirstPersonShooter)-Acomputergamewhereyoushootthings,playedfroma
firstpersonperspective,iewithyoustandingbehindthegun(s).Alsoknownas
a-shoot-‘em-up.
FPSE(PN)~Asetofprogramsyoucanusetoadminister,author,andbrowsea
FrontPage-extendedWebsite.
FPU(n)~Acircuitthatperformsfloating-pointcalculations.
FQDN(n)~ADNSnamethathasbeenstatedtoindicateitsabsolutelocationinthe
domainnamespacetree.Incontrasttorelativenames,anFQDNhasatrailingperiod(.)to
qualifyitspositiontotherootofthenamespace(host.example.contoso.com).
fraction(n)~Anumberthatisnotawholenumber,suchas-½(vulgarfraction)or0.5
(decimalfraction),formedbydividingonequantityintoanother.
fraction(n)~Asmallpart,amount,orproportionofsomething.
fractionbar(n)~Alinethatseparatesthenumeratoranddenominatorofafraction.
frag~Shootsomeoneinacomputergame.
fragment(n)~AsubtreeofUIAutomationelementswithinahostframeworksuchasa
window.
fragment(n)~Aconcretesequenceofmediasamplesofatrackthatcorrespondtoa
particularintervalinanIISSmoothStreamingpresentation.
fragmentcaching(n)~TheprocessofstoringonlypartsofaWebpage.Youaccomplish
thisbycachingtheoutputofausercontrol,suchasnavigationbars,headers,andfooters.
fragmentation(n)~Thebreakingapartoffilesastheyarestoredbytheoperatingsystem
intosmall,separatesegmentsondisk.
frame(n)~Insynchronouscommunications,apackageofinformationtransmittedasa
singleunit.Everyframefollowsthesamebasicorganizationandcontainscontrol
information,suchassynchronizingcharacters,stationaddress,andanerror-checking
value,aswellasavariableamountofdata.
frame(n)~Oneofmanysequentialimagesthatmakeupvideooranimation.
frame(n)~Anindependentsectiononawebpage.Eachframeisactuallyaseparate
webpageandcanhaveitsownscrollbars.
frame(n)~Inasynchronousserialcommunications,aunitoftransmissionthatis
sometimesmeasuredinelapsedtimeandbeginswiththestartbitthatprecedesacharacter
andendswiththelaststopbitthatfollowsthecharacter.
frame(n)~Aspace,shownonscreenasabox,thatcontainsaparticularelementofyour
publication.
frame~Apacketofdataincludingstartandendofframedelimiters.
frame~AnHTMLfeaturethatallowswebdesignerstosegmentthewindowofaweb
browserintodistinctsections.
framebuffer(n)~Aportionofacomputer’sdisplaymemorythatholdsthecontentsofa
singlescreenimage.
framechecksequence(n)~Theextrachecksumcharactersaddedtoaframeina
communicationprotocolforerrordetectionandcorrection.Source:Wikipedia
frameformat(n)~Thewayinwhichanetworktype,suchasEthernet,formatsdatatobe
sentoveranetwork.Whenmultipleframetypesareallowedforaparticularnetworktype,
thepacketsarestructureddifferentlyandare,therefore,incompatible.Allcomputersona
networkmustusethesameframetypetocommunicate.
framegrabber(n)~Adeviceusedincomputergraphicsthatusesavideocamera,rather
thanascanhead,tocaptureavideoimageandthenstoresitinmemorywiththeaidofa
special-purposecircuitboard.
framerate(n)~Thenumberofvideoframesdisplayedpersecond.Higherframerates
generallyproducesmoothermovementinthepicture.
frametype(n)~Thewayinwhichanetworktype,suchasEthernet,formatsdatatobe
sentoveranetwork.Whenmultipleframetypesareallowedforaparticularnetworktype,
thepacketsarestructureddifferentlyandare,therefore,incompatible.Allcomputersona
networkmustusethesameframetypetocommunicate.
FrameZoomControl(n)~Acontrolthatcontainsaslider.
framespage(n)~ApagethatdividesaWebbrowser’swindowintodifferentareascalled
framesthatcanindependentlydisplayWebpages.
framespersecond(n)~Thenumberofvideoframesdisplayedpersecond.Higherframe
ratesgenerallyproducesmoothermovementinthepicture.
frameset(n)~ApagethatdividesaWebbrowser’swindowintodifferentareascalled
framesthatcanindependentlydisplayWebpages.
framework(n)~Inobject-orientedprogramming,areusablebasicdesignstructure,
consistingofabstractandconcreteclasses,thatassistsinbuildingapplications.
Framework(n)~AnintegralWindowscomponentthatsupportsbuilding,deploying,and
runningthenextgenerationofapplicationsandXMLWebservices.Itprovidesahighly
productive,standards-based,multilanguageenvironmentforintegratingexisting
investmentswithnextgenerationapplicationsandservices,aswellastheagilitytosolve
thechallengesofdeploymentandoperationofInternet-scaleapplications.The.NET
Frameworkconsistsofthreemainparts:thecommonlanguageruntime,ahierarchicalset
ofunifiedclasslibraries,andacomponentizedversionofASPcalledASP.NET.
frameworkpackage(n)~Apackagethatcanbeusedbyotherpackages.
fraudulent(n)~Engaginginfraudordeceptive.
free(adj)~Freetimeappearswithaclearavailabilityindicatorandisseenasavailable
whenothersviewyourCalendar.Anappointmentofzeroduration,whilevisibleinthe
selectedblockoftimewhenviewingdays,showsasfreetimetoothers.
Free(adj)~AnAzureWebsitehostingtier,usedforpricingcalculation.
FreeAppService(PN)~ThenewnameforFreeWebsites,aresourceoftheAzureApp
Serviceserviceidealforexperimentingwiththeplatformandfordevelopmentandtest
scenarios.
freecell(n)~IntheFreeCellgame,thefourcardlocationsintheupper-leftcornerofthe
screen.Eachcellholdsonecard.
FreeDatabase(Hours)(n)~Aresourceofthe‘MySQLDatabaseonAzure’servicetype
ofthe‘DataServices’servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’billingbasedonthenumberofusage
hours.
freemediapool(n)~Alogicalcollectionofunuseddata-storagemediathatcanbeused
byapplicationsorothermediapools.Whenmediaarenolongerneededbyanapplication,
theyarereturnedtoafreemediapoolsothattheycanbeusedagain.
FreeMobileServicesunit(n)~AunitofmeasurefortheFreetieroftheMicrosoftAzure
MobileServicesservice.
FreeNotificationHubunit(n)~AunitofmeasurefortheFreetieroftheMicrosoft
AzureNotificationHubsservice.
FreeOnBoard(oth)~Ashippingmethodthatestablishesthepointatwhichownershipof
goodspassestothebuyer.TheFOBcanestablishownershipwhenanitemisdamagedin
transit.
freeslack(n)~Theamountoftimethatataskcanslipbeforeitdelaysanothertask.
freespace(n)~Thespaceavailableonaharddiskforcreatingprimarypartitionsand
extendedpartions,onwhichlogicaldrivescanbecreated,formatted,andassigneddrive
letters.
freetape(n)~Atapethatisavailabletobewrittentobyoperationssuchasbackupor
copy.
Freetier(n)~AnAzureofferforWindows10storedeveloperswhocangetaccessto
cloudservices(includingApplicationInsights)atnocost.
freetrial(n)~Aversionofaproductthatcanbeusedatnocostforalimitedperiodof
timeforpurposesofevaluation.
free/busyinformation(n)~Informationregardingtheavailabilityofauser.
free/busystatus(n)~Informationregardingtheavailabilityofauser.
free/busytime(n)~InCalendar,timestatusanduserdefinedlabelsareindicatedby
colorsandpatterns.
freeform(n)~AnyshapethatyoudrawbyusingtheCurve,Freeform,andScribbletools.
Freeformshapescanincludestraightlinesandfreehandcurves.Theycanbedrawn
openedorclosedandcanbeeditedbyusingthedrawingtools.
freeformcurve(n)~Acurvedline,madeupofsegmentsanddefinedbycontrolpoints.
freeformpath(n)~Alinethatisdrawnasifbyapencil.Apixelisplacedeverywhere
thatthemousecursormoves,solongasthemousebuttonispressed.Allpathscanbe
strokedorfilled.
FreeLibrary(n)~AfunctionthatprocessescallaftertheyexplicitlylinkedtoaDLL
modulewhenthatmoduleisnolongerneeded,decrementsthemodule’sreferencecount
and,ifthereferencecountiszero,unmapsitfromtheaddressspaceoftheprocess.
Freestyle(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#119.
free-textsearchable(n)~AYes/Noflaginapropertydefinitionthatindicateswhetherthe
propertycanbefoundthroughafree-textsearch.TosetthisflagtoYes,thepropertytype
mustbestringorenumerated.Afree-textsearchlocatesexactmatchesandwordsthatare
inflectionallygeneratedfromtheone(s)youspecified.Forexample,theworddrive’would
returnmatchesfordrives
free-threadedcomponent(n)~ACOMcomponentthatcanresideonmultiplethreadsof
execution.Free-threadedcomponentssupportaccessbymultipleclientsanddonotrelyon
COMtosynchronizecallstothem.
freeze(v)~InI/Ooperations,topreventexecutionofathread.
freeze(v)~Tolockspecificrowsorcolumnsinplaceinordertokeeptheminviewwhile
scrollinginaworksheet.
freezehorizontal(v)~Toholdarowofareportinastaticpositionsothattherow
continuestobedisplayedasyouscrollupordowninthereport.
freezevertical(v)~Toholdacolumnofareportinastaticpositionsothatthecolumn
continuestobedisplayedasyouscrollrightorleftinthereport.
freight(n)~Anamountpaidtoacarrierfortransportinggoods.
freightforwarder(n)~Apersonorcompanycontractedbyacustomertoconsolidate
loadsintoshipmentsandthentransportanddeliverthoseloadstospecifieddestinations.
Freightterm(n)~Afieldlabelontheaccountsform.ItprovidesthechoicesNoCharge
orFOBfortheFreightTerm.
freightterms(n)~Theagreed-uponmethodforhandlingshippingcosts.Freightterms
identifythepartyresponsibleforthepaymentoffreightcharges.
frequency(n)~Themeasureofhowoftenaperiodiceventoccurs,suchasasignalgoing
throughacompletecycle.Frequencyisusuallymeasuredinhertz(Hz),with1Hz
equaling1occurrence(cycle)persecond.Frequencyisalsomeasuredinkilohertz(kHz,
or1,000Hz),megahertz(MHz,or1,000kHz),gigahertz(GHz,or1,000MHz),or
terahertz(THz,or1,000GHz).
frequency(n)~InWindowsMediaPlayer,thenumber,suchas88.5or101.7,usedto
locatearadiostation.
frequency(n)~Thenumberofeventsdividedbythereachoftheevents.
frequencyhopping(n)~Theswitchingoffrequencieswithinagivenbandwidthduringa
point-to-pointtransmission.
FrequentRestartMode(PN)~Astatethatthecomputergoesintowhenithasusedupall
usagetime,includingborrowedusagetimeorreservetime.Inthismode,thecomputeris
restartedwithasetamountofadditionalborrowedusagetimeorreservetimeandrestarts
againeverytimethattheborrowedusagetimeorreservetimeisusedup.
friend(n)~ApersonwithwhomaWindowsLiveuserhasestablishedamutualsocial
connection.
friend(n)~Apersonsomeonehasestablishedamutualconnectionwith.Theconnection
couldhavebeenmadeonWindowsLiveorinanyconnectedsocialnetworkingservice.
friendassembly(n)~Anassemblythatcanaccessanotherassembly’sinternaltypesand
members.Ordinarily,typesandmemberswithinternalscope(inC#)andfriendscope(in
VisualBasic)arevisibleonlyintheassemblyinwhichtheyaredefined.Inthe.NET
Framework,youcanmakethetypesandmembersvisibletoadditional(friend)assemblies
byusingtheInternalsVisibleToAttributeattribute.
friendassembly(n)~Acollectionoftypesandresourcesformingalogicalunitof
functionalityandbuilttoworktogetherthatispermittedtoaccesstypesandmembersof
anothercollectionofthesamekind.
friendly(adj)~Referringtofeaturesbuiltintohardwareorsoftwarethatmakeacomputer
orcomputerprogrameasytolearnandeasytouse.Friendlinessisemphasizedbymost
developersandsoughtafterbymostusers.
friendlyname(n)~Awayofdisplayingcontactnamesthatusesthefirstandlastname
insteadoftheemailaddressorsign-inname,foreachcontactintheuser’scontactlist.
friendlyname(n)~AnamethedeveloperprovidestohelpthemrecognizeeachClientID.
friends(PN)~ThewebpagesubheadingfortheviewinMessengerthatdisplays
someone’sfriendsandcontactsthataren’tfriendsbutthatcanbeinteractedwithin
Messenger(thoseareoftenlegacyentries).
Friends(PN)~TheUIlabelforapermissionssettingthatindicatesanitemisbeing
sharedwith(madeavailableto)allofsomeone’sfriends.
FriendsandFamily(PN)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatallowsthemostamountof
informationtobeviewed.
friendslist(n)~Alistofpeople,invitedbytheuser,thatincludesthedisplaypicture,
notes,andtagsforeachfriend.
Friendsmodule(n)~Amodulethatshowsaphotolistofyourfriendsandprovidesfor
adding,editing,anddeletingpeoplefromyourfriendslist.
FRIS(oth)~Astandardthatplacesadditionalconstraintsoninstancedocumentsthatare
usedforfinancialreporting.AllinstancedocumentsthatarevalidunderFRISarevalid
XBRLdocuments.However,notallXBRLdocumentsarevalidunderFRIS.
Frixo~UKroadtravelreportingwebsite,thatprovidesouruserswiththemostup-to-date
roadtrafficinformation.Ourdataisupdatedevery5minutesusingsensorsplacedon
motorwaysandcommonA/Broads.-www.frixo.com
Fromclause(n)~Theclausethatintroducesadatasourceandarangevariableinaquery
expression.
front(n)~Acameraonthefrontofanelectronicdevice(suchasasmartphone),which
facestheuser.Thisallowstheusertovideochatwithanotherpersonalsousingafront-
facingdevice.Itmayalsobeusedtotakevideosandpictures.
frontclippingplane(n)~Thenearboundaryofaviewingfrustumorcamera.Anyobject
closertothecamerathanthisclippingplaneisnotrendered.
frontend(n)~Inapplications,softwareorafeatureofsoftwarethatprovidesaninterface
toanotherapplicationortool.Frontendsareoftenusedtosupplyacommoninterfacefor
arangeoftoolsproducedbyasoftwaremanufacturer.Afrontendgenerallyoffersamore
user-friendlyinterfacethanthatoftheapplicationrunningbehind’it.’
FrontEndpool(n)~AsetofFrontEndServers,configuredidentically,thatwork
togethertoprovideservicesforacommongroupofusers.
FrontEndServer(PN)~TheprincipalserverroleinLyncServerandOffice
CommunicationsServer.TheFrontEndServerrunsservicesforinstantmessaging,
presence,webconferencing,audio/videoconferencing,andtelephony.
frontsidebus(n)~ThebuswithinamicroprocessorthatconnectstheCPUwithmain
memory.Itisusedtocommunicatebetweenthemotherboardandothercomponentsina
computersystem.
FrontBridge(PN)~ThecompanythatoriginallyownedtheMicrosoftspamandvirus
filteringservicethatisnowpartofExchangeHostedServices.ThewordFrontBridge’still
appearsinURLs
front-enddatabase(n)~Inatwo-databaseapproach,theclient-sidedatabasethat
containsalltheforms,queries,reports,macros,andmodules,andthatlinkstoaback-end
databasecontainingthetables.
front-endserver(n)~Aserverthatacceptsrequestsfromclientsandsendsthemtothe
appropriateback-endserverforprocessing.
front-endWebserver(n)~AserverthathostsWebpages,performsprocessingtasks,and
acceptsrequestsfromprotocolclientsandsendsthemtotheappropriateback-endserver
forfurtherprocessing.
front-end/back-endapplication(n)~Anapplicationconsistingofaback-end’database
filethatcontainstables
front-loadedcontour(n)~Acontourthatbeginsatitshighestpoint,andthenslopes
downward.
FrontPageServerExtensions(PN)~Asetofprogramsyoucanusetoadminister,author,
andbrowseaFrontPage-extendedWebsite.
FRS(n)~Aservicethatprovidesmultimasterfilereplicationfordesignateddirectorytrees
betweendesignatedserversrunningWindowsServer2003.Thedesignateddirectorytrees
mustbeondiskpartitionsformattedwiththeversionofNTFSusedwiththeWindows
Server2003family.FRSisusedbyDistributedFileSystem(DFS)toautomatically
synchronizecontentbetweenassignedreplicasandbyActiveDirectorytoautomatically
synchronizecontentofthesystemvolumeinformationacrossdomaincontrollers.
FRTA(oth)~AstandardthatplacesadditionalconstraintsonXBRLtaxonomiesthatare
intendedtoexpressinformationusedinfinancialreporting.Alltaxonomiesthatarevalid
underFRTAarevalidXBRLdocuments.However,notallXBRLdocumentsarevalid
underFRTA.
FS(PN)~AninstallableroleserviceofActiveDirectoryFederationServices(AD-FS)
thatisusedtocreateafederationserver.Whenitisinstalled,theFederationService
providestokensinresponsetorequestsforsecuritytokens.Multiplefederationserverscan
beconfiguredtoprovidefaulttoleranceandloadbalancingforasingleFederation
Service.
FSA(n)~Aservicethatisusedtograntorrestrictuseraccesstoitemsinasearchindex.
FSB(n)~ThebuswithinamicroprocessorthatconnectstheCPUwithmainmemory.Itis
usedtocommunicatebetweenthemotherboardandothercomponentsinacomputer
system.
FSP(PN)~AninstallableroleserviceofActiveDirectoryFederationServices(AD-FS)
thatisusedtocreateafederationserverproxy.Whenitisinstalled,theFederationService
ProxyroleserviceusesWS-FederationPassiveRequestorProfile(WS-FPRP)protocols
tocollectusercredentialinformationfrombrowserclientsandWebapplicationsandsend
theinformationtotheFederationServiceontheirbehalf.
FsPathMerge(PN)~Acommand-linetoolthatremovesextraneouspathinformationfrom
datathathasbeenrestoredtoaprotectedfileserverfromtape.
FSRM(n)~Asuiteoftoolsthatallowsadministratorstounderstand,control,andmanage
thequantityandtypeofdatastoredontheirservers.
f-stop(n)~Inphotography,aunitonascaleusedoncameralensestoindicateasequence
off-numberswhereeachstopcorrespondstoanf-numberandwitheachstopthelightthat
reachesthefilmishalved.
FTH(n)~Aheapmanagerthatcantoleratesometypesofprogrammingerrors(faults)
whichinthedefaultWindowsheapmanagerwouldresultincrashes.
FTP(n)~AmemberoftheTCP/IPsuiteofprotocols,usedtocopyfilesbetweentwo
computersontheInternet.BothcomputersmustsupporttheirrespectiveFTProles:one
mustbeanFTPclientandtheotheranFTPserver.
FTP~(FileTransferProtocol).Awayoftransferringfilestoorfromaninternetserver.
Oftenhowyou-upload-webpagestotheinternet.
FTPadapter(n)~AnadapterthatenablesexchangeoffilesbetweenBizTalkServerand
FTPservers.
FTPLogonAttemptRestrictions(PN)~AnIISfeaturethatrestrictsthenumberoffailed
logonattemptsthatcanbemadetoanFTPaccountinaspecifiedtimeperiod.
FTPoverSSL(n)~AnextensiontotheFileTransferProtocol(FTP)thatsuppliessecure
datacommunicationthroughdataencryptionanddecryption.
FTPserver(n)~AserverthatusestheFTPprotocoltoenableclientstouploadand
downlaodfiles.
FTPServiceforIIS7.0(n)~Anindustry-standardserver-sideimplementationoftheFile
TransferProtocol(FTP)thatwasdesignedforWindowsServer2008.
FTPS(n)~AnextensiontotheFileTransferProtocol(FTP)thatsuppliessecuredata
communicationthroughdataencryptionanddecryption.
fullaccess(n)~Aprivilegeonacomputersystemthatallowsausertoread,write,and
deletedata.
fullaccesstoken(n)~Anaccesstokenwiththemaximumprivilegesauthorizedforthe
account.UsedbyUserAccountControl(UAC).
FullAdministrator(n)~AsecurityrolethatgrantsallpermissionsinConfiguration
Managertoanadministrativeuser.
fullbackup(n)~Abackupofanentiredatabase.
fullcalibration(n)~Thecalibrationprocesstocapturetheblankreferenceimageand
whitereferenceimageforaSurfaceunitandtoproperlyaligntheinfraredcameraswithin
theSurfaceunit.
fullcomputername(n)~Afullyqualifieddomainname(FQDN).Thefullcomputer
nameisaconcatenationofthecomputername(forexample,client1)andtheprimaryDNS
suffixofthecomputer(forexample,reskit.com.).
fullcrawl(n)~Acrawlthatscansacontentsourceinitsentiretyandrefreshestheindex
toreflectnew,changedordeletedcontent,aswellasexisting,unchangedcontent.
fulldelegation(n)~Adelegationinwhichalayoutbehaviorrequestscompletecontrol
overthevisuallayoutofelements.
fulldifferentialbackup(n)~Abackupofallfilesinthedatabase,containingonly
changesmadetothedatabasesincethemostrecentfullbackup.Afulldifferentialbackup
requiresafullbackupasabase.
fullduplex(n)~Asystemcapableofsimultaneouslytransmittinginformationinboth
directionsoveracommunicationschannel.
fullenforcementmode(n)~Theenforcementmodeinwhichclientcomputers
immediatelyhavetheirnetworkaccessrestrictediftheyarenotincompliancewith
networkhealthrequirements.
fullimport(n)~Animportofalldatafromafile,orascopedview,ofaconnecteddata
sourcetotheconnectorspace.Datafromtheconnecteddatasourceiscomparedwithdata
intheconnectorspace.Iftherearenoattributechanges,theobjectisnotchangedinthe
connectorspace.
fullinstallation(n)~Atypeofupdateinstallationinwhichallthefilesneededto
completetheinstallationareinasinglepackage.
fulllogging(n)~Atypeofloggingavailabletocaptureinformationaboutmailbox
searchesthatincludesinformationaboutallresultsthatmeetthesearchcriteria.
fullmode(n)~ThedefaultoperationalstateofWindowsMediaPlayerinwhichallofits
featuresaredisplayed.ThePlayercanalsoappearinskinmode.
fullname(n)~Auser’scompletename,usuallyconsistingofthelastname,firstname,
andmiddleinitial.ThefullnameisinformationthatLocalUsersandGroupsorActive
DirectoryUsersandComputerscanmaintainaspartoftheinformationidentifyingand
definingauseraccount.
fullouterjoin(n)~Atypeofouterjoininwhichallrowsinalljoinedtablesareincluded,
whethertheyarematchedornot.Forexample,afullouterjoinbetweentitlesand
publishersshowsalltitlesandallpublishers,eventhosethathavenomatch.
fullpath(n)~Inahierarchicalfilingsystem,apathnamecontainingallthepossible
componentsofapathname,includingthenetworkshareordriveandrootdirectory,as
wellasanysubdirectoriesandthefileorobjectname.
fullPIDL(n)~APIDLthatuniquelydescribesanobjectrelativetothedesktopfolder.
fullprivilegeaccesstoken(n)~Anaccesstokenwiththemaximumprivilegesauthorized
fortheaccount.UsedbyUserAccountControl(UAC).
fullrecoverymodel(n)~Adatabaserecoverymodethatfullylogsalltransactionsand
retainsallthelogrecordsuntilaftertheyarebackedup.Thedatabasecanberecoveredto
thepointoffailureifthetailofthelogisbackedupafterthefailure.Allformsofrecovery
aresupported.
fullscreen(adj)~Capableofusingorbeingdisplayedonthefullareaofadisplayscreen.
Applicationsrunninginwindowingenvironments,althoughtheymightusetheentirearea
ofthescreen,commonlyallocatedifferentareastodifferentwindows,anyofwhichcanbe
enlargedtofilltheentirescreen.
fullserver(n)~Asinglephysicalorvirtualserverthatcontainsalltheserverroles.
fulltrust(n)~Acodeaccesssecurity(CAS)stateassignedtomanagedassemblies.The
leveloftrustgrantedtoanapplicationorWebserviceaffectsitsabilitytousesystem
resourceswhileexecuting.Assembliesthathavefulltrustcanaccessanyresourcethatis
subjecttooperatingsystemsecurity,andallprivilegedoperationsaresupported.
fullversion(n)~Thedefaultversionthatincludesdrag-and-dropfunctionality,right-click
menus,andareadingpane.
fullversion(n)~Asoftwarepackagethatincludesallfeaturesanddoesnotrequirea
previousversionoftherelevantsoftwaretobeinstalledontheuser’scomputer.
fullvolumeencryption(n)~Theprocessofconvertingvolumesintoacodedformso
theycannotbereadwithoutfirstauthenticatingtoWindows;or,ifondifferenthardware,
withoutanescrowedrecoverykey.
fullvolumeencryptionkey(n)~Thealgorithm-specifickeythatisusedtoencrypt(and
optionally,diffuse)dataondisksectors.Currently,thiskeycanbeeither128bitsor256
bitsadvancedencryptionstandard(AES).ThedefaultencryptionalgorithmthatBitLocker
DriveEncryptionusesisAES128bitwithdiffuser.
fullzonetransfer(n)~ThestandardquerytypesupportedbyallDNSserverstoupdate
andsynchronizezonedatawhenthezonehasbeenchanged.WhenaDNSqueryismade
usingAXFRasthespecifiedquerytype,theentirezoneistransferredastheresponse.
full-heightnumber(n)~Anumberrepresentedinastylewhereallnumericglyphsarethe
sameheightandpositionanddonotextendbelowthebaseline.
full-screenmode(n)~Adisplaymodethatshowsasmuchcontentaspossiblebyhiding
elementssuchasnavigationandtoolbars.
full-screenprogram(n)~Aprogramthatdisplaysintheentirecomputerscreen.
full-textcatalog(n)~Acollectionoffull-textindexcomponentsandotherfilesthatare
organizedinaspecificdirectorystructureandcontainthedatathatisneededtoperform
queries.
full-textenabling(n)~Theprocessofallowingfull-textqueryingtooccuronthecurrent
database.
full-textindex(n)~Anindexthatenablesfull-textsearchforagroupofmanaged
properties.
full-textquery(n)~AsaSELECTstatement,aquerythatsearchesforwords,phrases,or
multipleformsofawordorphraseinthecharacter-basedcolumns(ofchar,varchar,text,
ntext,nchar,ornvarchardatatypes).TheSELECTstatementreturnsthoserowsmeeting
thesearchcriteria.
full-textsearch(n)~Asearchforoneormoredocuments,records,orstringsbasedonall
oftheactualtextdataratherthanonanindexcontainingalimitedsetofkeywords.
full-textsearchindex(n)~Anindexthatenablesfull-textsearchforagroupofmanaged
properties.
Full-Textservice(n)~TheSQLServercomponentthatperformsthefull-textquerying.
full-widthcharacter(n)~Inadouble-bytecharacterset,acharacterthatisrepresentedby
2bytesandtypicallyhasahalf-widthvariant.
fullylocalizedlanguage(n)~Alanguageinwhich100percentofWindowsresources
havebeentranslated.Fullylocalizedlanguagesarealwaysincludedinfulllanguage
packs.
fullyqualified(adj)~Pertainingtoaname,identifier,etc.,thatisunique.Forexample,the
fullyqualifiednameofaninterfacememberconsistsofthenameoftheinterfaceinwhich
thememberisdeclared,followedbyadot,followedbythenameofthemember.
fullyqualifiedaccountnumber(n)~Aledgeraccountnumberinwhichallsegmentsof
anaccountstructureareenteredandvalidated.
fullyqualifieddomainname(n)~ADNSnamethathasbeenstatedtoindicateits
absolutelocationinthedomainnamespacetree.Incontrasttorelativenames,anFQDN
hasatrailingperiod(.)toqualifyitspositiontotherootofthenamespace
(host.example.contoso.com).
fullyqualifiedpath(n)~Apathtoafilethatbeginswiththedriveidentifierandroot
directoryorwithanetworkshareandendswiththecompletefilename(forexample,
C:\docs\work\contract.txtor\netshare\docs\work\contract.txt).
fullytrusted(adj)~Pertainingtoapplicationsorformsthathavegreatersecurity
permissionsandcompleteaccesstothesystemresourcesandothercomponentsona
user’scomputer.
fully-featuredsite(n)~AWebsitethathasalotofcontentandisvisuallyattractive.
function(n)~Apieceofcodethatoperatesasasinglelogicalunit.Afunctioniscalledby
name,acceptsoptionalinputparameters,andreturnsastatusandoptionaloutput
parameters.Manyprogramminglanguagessupportfunctions.
function(n)~Acomponentwhichcanbeincludedinasynchronizationruleora
workflowdefinitiontoprocessdatavalues.
function(n)~Aprewrittenformulathatsimplifiestheprocessofenteringcalculationsand
enablestheusertouseformulasthatmightbedifficulttobuildfromscratch.
function(n)~AdataserviceoperationthatisboundtoaURIthatdoesnothaveaside-
effectondataexposedbythedataservice.
functionactivity(n)~Aworkflowactivityforsimpledatamanipulationsasaresultofa
request,e.g.concatenatingthefirstnameandlastnameofausertoproducethedisplay
name.
functioncall(n)~Aprogram’srequestfortheservicesofaparticularfunction.
functiondeclaration(n)~Astatementconsistingofareturntype,followedbythe
functionname,followedbyalistofthenamesandtypesofformalparametersenclosedin
parentheses.
functionkey(n)~Anyofthe10ormorekeyslabeledF1,F2,F3,andsoon,thatare
placedalongtheleftsideoracrossthetopofakeyboard(orboth)andareusedforspecial
tasksbydifferentprograms.Themeaningofafunctionkeyisdefinedbyaprogramor,in
someinstances,bytheuser.Functionkeysareusedinapplicationprogramsorthe
operatingsystemtoprovideeitherashortcutforaseriesofcommoninstructions(suchas
callingupaprogram’son-screenhelpfacility)orafeaturethatisnototherwiseavailable.
functionlibrary(n)~Acollectionofroutinescompiledtogether.
functionoffset(n)~PermitsusingIldasm.exetolocatetheactuallineofsourcecode
correspondingtotheparticularstackframe.Functionoffsetsappearintheeventdetail
stackarea(attheendofeachstackframe).
Functionprocedure(n)~Aprocedurethatreturnsavalueandthatcanbeusedinan
expression.YoudeclareafunctionwiththeFunctionstatementandenditwiththeEnd
Functionstatement.
Functiontabletbutton(oth)~Atabletbuttonthatyoucanuseincombinationwithother
tabletbuttonstodoatask.Thisissimilartousingakeycombinationonastandard
keyboard.
functionalband(n)~Ashapethatrepresentsafunctionalunit,suchasadepartment,in
whichprocessstepsoccur.Youuseeitherhorizontalorverticalfunctionalbandshapes
dependingontheorientationyouwantforyourdiagram.
functionalcurrencyunit(n)~Acurrencyunitofacountry/regioninwhichaprimary
legalentitylocatesitsbusinessactivitiesandinwhichitgeneratesmostofitsrevenueand
expenses.
functionalspecification(n)~Adocumentthatdescribesasolution,productfeatureset,or
otherfinalprojectdeliverableinexplicitdetail.Itincludestheconceptual,logicaland
physicaldesigns.
functionaltest(n)~Atestthatverifiesthatallofthefunctionsofafeaturearecorrectly
implemented.
functionality(n)~Thefeatures,operations,functions,orcapabilitysupportedbya
programorprogramcomponent.
functoid(n)~Anexecutablemodulethatperformsaspecificcalculationordata
manipulation,andthatisusedgraphicallywhenconstructingBizTalkServermapsto
providethebasisforrichertransformationsthanwhatisprovidedbyXSLTonitsown.
FunctoidIntelliSense(n)~ABizTalkMapperfunctionalityinwhichvisualcuesare
providedonthegridsurface,whenthereareerrorsinfunctoidconfiguration.
functoidtoolbox(n)~AdockablewindowinVisualStudiothatservesasthepaletteof
functoidsavailableforuseduringmapconstruction.Functoidsareorganizedintodifferent
toolboxtabsbasedontheirintendedpurpose.
fundinglimit(n)~Alimitsetonafundingsourcesothatitisnotinvoicedmorethana
specifiedamounttowardaproject.
fundingrule(n)~Rulesthatcontainthecriteriaforhowtoallocatechargestodifferent
fundingsourcesforaproject.
fundingsource(n)~Inprojectsthathavemultiplefunders,thesearethepartiesthat
contributetothefundingofanadvancedfundingproject.
Funk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#5.
Funnel(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowthefilteringofinformationorhow
partsmergeintoawhole.Emphasizesthefinaloutcome.Cancontainuptofourlinesof
Level1text;thelastofthesefourLevel1textlinesappearsbelowthefunnelandthe
otherlinescorrespondtoacircularshape.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremains
availableifyouswitchlayouts.
FUP(n)~Thepolicythatstatestherulesofacceptableuse,determinedbySkype.
furigana(n)~TinyJapanesekanacharacterswrittenaboveornexttokanjicharacters.
Thekanacharactersindicatethecorrectpronunciationofthewordwritteninkanji.
Fusion(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#30.
futuresdate(n)~Anorderduedate,generatedbymasterscheduling,thatisbasedonlead
timesforalllevelsofanitem.
fuzztesting(n)~Atestingprocessthatsuppliesstructuredbutinvalidinputtosoftware
applicationprogramminginterfaces(APIs)andnetworkinterfacestomaximizethe
likelihoodofdetectingerrorsthatmightleadtosoftwarevulnerabilities.
fuzzing(n)~Atestingprocessthatsuppliesstructuredbutinvalidinputtosoftware
applicationprogramminginterfaces(APIs)andnetworkinterfacestomaximizethe
likelihoodofdetectingerrorsthatmightleadtosoftwarevulnerabilities.
fuzzygrouping(n)~InIntegrationServices,adatacleaningmethodologythatexamines
valuesinadatasetandidentifiesgroupsofrelateddatarowsandtheonedatarowthatis
thecanonicalrepresentationofthegroup.
fuzzylogic~aformalsystemofreasoningdevelopedbyLotfiZadehinwhichthevalues
-€œtrue-€?and-€œfalse-€?arereplacedbynumbersonascalefrom0to1.
fuzzymatching(n)~InIntegrationServices,alookupmethodologythatusesan
approximatematchingalgorithmtolocatesimilardatavaluesinareferencetable.
FVC(n)~Thevolumeofairthatcanforciblybeblownoutafterfullinspiration,measured
inliters.
G(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheOfficeofFilmandLiterature
Classification(OFLC).
G~
G.7xx~Aseriesof-ITU-standardsforvoiceanddatacommunications.e.g.G.703:
Specificationsforplesiochronousdigitalhierarchy
GAAP(n)~Awidelyacceptedsetofaccountingconventions,rules,andstandardsfor
UnitedStatescompanies.
gadget(n)~Alightweightandtask-specificadd-inprogramthatintegrateswith
applicationstoexposedataataglance.
gain~Gainreferstotheratiooftheoutputamplitudeofasignaltotheinputamplitudeof
asignal.ThisratiotypicallyisexpressedindBs.
gainadjustment(n)~Amicrophonefeaturethatallowsyourinputtobeamplifiedsothat
itismadelouderforusebythesystem.
gaininsight(v)~Toattaindeeperknowledgeoraclearerperceptionofagivensituation.
gainsharing(n)~Avariablecompensationplanthatrewardsemployeesbasedontheir
achievementofapredeterminedgoalwhichisusuallyassociatedwithaprogramor
projectthatpromotescost-cuttingorotherproductivityimprovements.
GAL(n)~AnAddressBookthatcontainsentriesforeverygroup,user,andcontactwithin
anorganization’simplementationofExchangeServer.
GALsynchronization(n)~Theprocessofsynchronizingtheglobaladdresslistfromone
Exchangedeploymentwithanother.
gallery(n)~Awindowormenuthatpresentsanarrayorgridofvisualchoicestoauser
forselection.
Gallery(PN)~Anareaoftheuserinterfacethatdisplaystheavailabletemplatesand
recentlyusedfileswithinanOfficeforMacapplications.Thegalleryopensautomatically
whenyouopenanapplication.YoucanalsoopenthegalleryfromtheFilemenuanda
toolbarbutton.
gallery(n)~ThelocationinAzurewherenewservicesandresourcescanbeevaluatedand
purchased.
galleryitem(n)~Aserviceorresourcethatcanbeevaluatedorpurchasedfromthe
gallery.
GalleryView(PN)~Aviewthatdisplaysaprofilephotoofeveryonewhoispartofane-
mailthreadorcalendaritem.
Gambling(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
Gambling(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
Gambling(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
game(n)~Aclassofcomputerprograminwhichoneormoreusersinteractwiththe
computerasaformofentertainment.Computergamesrunthegamutfromsimple
alphabetgamesfortoddlerstochess,treasurehunts,wargames,andsimulationsofworld
events.Thegamesarecontrolledfromakeyboardorwithajoystickorotherdeviceand
aresuppliedondisks,onCD-ROMs,asgamecartridges,ontheInternet,orasarcade
devices.
Game(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#36.
Gamebar(PN)~?Themenuinvokedwithashortcutkey(Windows+G)whengaming
thatallowsuserstotakeascreenshot,takea30secondclipofagame,andadjustvolume
controls.
gamecontroller(n)~Adeviceusedtocontrolavideogame.Forexample,ajoystick,
mouse,orgamepad.
gamehub(n)~Afeaturethatletscustomersextendtheirgamingexperienceacross
multipledevices,playwithotherusers,andshowoffscoresandachievements.
gamepad(n)~Anaction-controldeviceusedwitharcade-typegamesplayedonPCsand
gameconsolessuchastheNintendo64andSonyPlayStation.Agamepad,unlikea
joystick,ismeanttobeheldintheplayer’shands.
gameport(n)~Aninput/outputconnectortowhichyouattachajoystickorothergame
devicetoyourcomputer.Itistypicallya15-pinsocketonthebackofaPC.
gameprovider(n)~AdigitaldistributionproviderofgamessuchasMSNGames,Yahoo
Games,Steam,Stardock,GameTap,andsoon.
gameratingsystem(n)~Aratingsystemforonlinegames.
gameratingsboard(n)~Anorganizationthatestablishesage-basedgameratingsfor
videogamecontentfordifferentregionsandcountries.
Gametrailers(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforGamemerchandizing.
gamertag(n)~AnXboxLiveonlineprofilename.
Games(PN)~Theserviceonthephonewhereyoucanpurchaseanddownloadgames.
Games(PN)~Anapplicationthatincludesfreegames,deluxedownloads,puzzlegames,
wordandtriviagames,multiplayerandboardgames,actionandarcadegames,pokerand
casinogames.
Games(PN)~AcategoryintheStorethatshowsgamestheusercandownload.
GamesStore(PN)~Theserviceonthephonewhereyoucanpurchaseanddownload
games.
gamma~Thecurvethatdescribeshowthemiddletonesofyourimagesappear.Often
incorrectlyreferredtoas‘brightness’and/or‘contrast’,gammaisanon-linearfunction.
Changingthevalueofthegammaaffectsmiddletoneswhileleavingthewhiteandblack
oftheimagealone.UsedtocompensatefordifferencesbetweenMacintoshandPC
monitors.
gammacorrection(n)~Theprocessofadjustinganimageinputsignaltocorrectly
displayonaparticulardevice.
gammaramp(n)~Alookuptable(LUT)ofnumericvaluesthatisusedtocompensatefor
aparticularmonitor’scolorresponse.Thetablehasthreeparts(oneeachforred,green,
andblue),andeachparthas256lookupvalues.Agammarampisusedtomaptherange
ofpossibleintensitiesforeachcolortoalimitednumber(256)ofvalues.Anindependent
hardwarevendor(IHV)choosesthesevaluessothatthetransitionfromonecolorintensity
tothenextisassmoothaspossible(sincetheeyeperceiveschangesinlightintensity
nonlinearly).
GAMP(n)~Guidelines,originallydevelopedforthepharmaceuticalindustryandusedin
thehealthcareindustry,forvalidatingthatautomatedsystemsmeetagreed-upon
specificationsandcomplywithregulations.
gamut(n)~Theparticularrangeofcolorsthatadeviceorcolormodelisabletoproduce.
Gangsta(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#59.
Ganttbar(n)~AgraphicalelementonthechartportionoftheGanttChartview
representingthedurationofatask.
Ganttchart(n)~Atypeofbarchartthattypicallyshowsthetimingoftasksoractivities
astheyoccurovertime.
GAP(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethathelpsadministratorstunetheirauditpoliciesata
moredetailedlevelbyusingnumeroussubcategories,andbettercontrolwhateventsare
recordedintheeventlog.
gapdensity(n)~ThefractionofRTPdatapacketsinthegapsbetweenburstssincethe
beginningofreceptionthatwereeitherlostordiscarded.
gapdepth(n)~Ameasurethatspecifiesthedistancebetweendataseriesthatare
displayedalongdistinctrows,asaresultofclustering.
gapduration(n)~Themeanduration,expressedinmilliseconds,ofthegapperiodsthat
haveoccurredsincethebeginningofreception.
gaplength(n)~Themeanduration,expressedinmilliseconds,ofthegapperiodsthat
haveoccurredsincethebeginningofreception.
gapless(oth)~Existinginreferencetotheremovalofsilencesorclicksbetweentracks
whentheyareburnttoanaudioCDorwhentheyareplayedbackfromtheCD.
gaplessburning(n)~AfeatureofWindowsMediaPlayerthatallowsuserstoremove
gapsbetweentracksthattheyburntoaudioCDs.
gaplessCDburning(n)~AfeatureofWindowsMediaPlayerthatallowsuserstoremove
gapsbetweentracksthattheyburntoaudioCDs.
garbagecollection(n)~Aprocessforautomaticrecoveryofheapmemory.Blocksof
memorythathadbeenallocatedbutarenolongerinusearefreed,andblocksofmemory
stillinusemaybemovedtoconsolidatethefreememoryintolargerblocks.
garbagecollectioninterval(n)~Ameasurementoftimeindicatinghowoftenadomain
controllerexaminesitsdatabaseforexpiredtombstonesthatcanbecollected.
garbagecollector(n)~Thepartoftheoperatingsystemthatperformsgarbagecollection.
gate(n)~Adatastructureusedby80386andhighermicroprocessorstocontrolaccessto
privilegedfunctions,tochangedatasegments,ortoswitchtasks.
gate(n)~Aworkflowactivitythatisusedintheauthenticationphaseofrequest
processing.
gatedcheck-in(n)~Afeaturethatenablesyoutovalidatechangesbeforeyoucheckthem
in.Gatedcheck-inbuildsthecodeandrunsthenecessarytests.Ifthebuildsucceeds,it
letsyoucheckinyourchanges.Otherwise,itrejectsthem.
gateway(n)~Adevicethatconnectsnetworksusingdifferentcommunicationsprotocols
sothatinformationcanbepassedfromonetotheother.Agatewaybothtransfers
informationandconvertsittoaformcompatiblewiththeprotocolsusedbythereceiving
network.
gateway~Ahardwareorsoftwareset-upthattranslatesbetweentwodissimilarprotocols
gateway~Alinkfromonecomputersystemtoadifferentcomputersystem.
gatewayhour(n)~Aunitofmeasureforconnectionhoursprovisionedandavailable
betweenaVPNgatewayandon-premisesservers.
gatewayhours(n)~AunitofmeasuretochargefortheWindowsAzureVirtualNetwork
resourcebasedontheamountoftimethattheVPNgatewaythatconnectstoon-premises
andotherVNETsinAzureisprovisionedandavailable.
Gatewayscript(n)~AstandardmethodofextendingWebserverfunctionalityby
executingprogramsorscriptsonaWebserverinresponsetoWebbrowserrequests,such
asinformprocessing.Useofacommongatewayinterfacecanmakeawebpagemore
dynamic.
gatewayserver(n)~AserverroleinOperationsManagerthatenablesthemonitoringof
computersthatlieoutsideoftheKerberostrustboundaries(Kerberosrealm)ofthe
managementgroup.
gatherer(n)~Softwarethatmanagesthecontentcrawlingprocessandhasrulesthat
determinewhatcontentiscrawled.
gathererlog(n)~AlogthatisupdatedeachtimeMicrosoftOfficeSharePointPortal
Serverupdatesacontentindex.LogentriescontaindataaboutURLsaccessedwhile
creatinganindex.
gather-writeoperation(n)~AperformanceoptimizationwheretheDatabaseEngine
collectsmultiplemodifieddatapagesintoasinglewriteoperation.
GaussianBlur(PN)~Aproductioneffectthatsimulateslookingatanobjectthroughan
out-of-focuslens.Edgesaresoftenedusingamathematicalformulabasedontheradius
setting.ThelargertheRadiussetting,themoreblurrytheobjectsorimageswillbecome.
GB(n)~Aunitofcomputerordevicememoryequalto1,024megabytes(1,024
1,048,576,[230]bytes).
GB~See-Gigabyte.
GBO(oth)~TheNetherlandsgovernmentagencythatisresponsibleforthemanagement
anddevelopmentoftheOTPandrelatedITinfrastructure.
GBP(n)~TheofficialcurrencyoftheUnitedKingdom.
GC(n)~Aprocessforautomaticrecoveryofheapmemory.Blocksofmemorythathad
beenallocatedbutarenolongerinusearefreed,andblocksofmemorystillinusemaybe
movedtoconsolidatethefreememoryintolargerblocks.
GCC(PN)~AcompilersystemproducedbytheGNUProjectsupportingvarious
programminglanguages.
GCP(n)~Astandardizedsetofbestpracticesandprinciplesforthedesign,conduct,
performance,monitoring,auditing,recording,analysis,andreportingofclinicaltrials.
GDI(PN)~Anexecutableprogramthatprocessesgraphicalfunctioncallsfroma
Windows-basedapplicationandpassesthosecallstotheappropriatedevicedriver,which
performsthehardware-specificfunctionsthatgenerateoutput.Byactingasabuffer
betweenapplicationsandoutputdevices,GDIpresentsadevice-independentviewofthe
worldfortheapplicationwhileinteractinginadevice-dependentformatwiththedevice.
GDI+(n)~Aclass-basedAPIforC/C++programmersthatenablesapplicationstouse
graphicsandformattedtextonboththevideodisplayandtheprinter.Applicationsbased
ontheMicrosoftWin32APIdonotaccessgraphicshardwaredirectly.Instead,GDI+
interactswithdevicedriversonbehalfofapplications.GDI+isalsosupportedby
MicrosoftWin64.
GDPdU(oth)~AGermanlawthatrequirestaxauthoritiestobecapableofdigitally
checkingdatafromelectronicbookkeepingsystems.
GDR(n)~AreleaseprocessusedinternallyatMicrosofttotracktheextraprocesses,such
asadditionaltesting,requiredtopostahotfixonMicrosoftpublicWebsitesortoallowa
thirdpartytheabilitytodistributeahotfix,suchasanOEMpre-installingahotfixpriorto
shippingtoacustomer.
GDT(n)~Amemorysegmentthatcontainsdescriptorsforcode,data,anddescriptortable
segments.AllprocessortaskshaveaccesstoacommonGDT.
Gear(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowinterlockingideas.Eachofthefirst
threelinesofLevel1textcorrespondstoagearshape,andtheircorrespondingLevel2
textappearsinrectanglesnexttothegearshape.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremains
availableifyouswitchlayouts.
GEIN(oth)~AjointprojectbytheMinistriesofEconomicAffairsandJusticeinthe
NetherlandstocreateonestandardtaxonomyandITinfrastructure(portal)toimprove
communicationsbetweenbusinessesandthegovernment.
GemeenschappelijkeBeheerorganisatie(oth)~TheNetherlandsgovernmentagencythat
isresponsibleforthemanagementanddevelopmentoftheOTPandrelatedIT
infrastructure.
General(adj)~Thetabthatpresentsthemostbasicinformationaboutanentity/record
typeorinstance/recordinthesystem.
Generalalignment(n)~Aformatthatnormallyleftalignstextandrightalignsnumbers.
Whenright-to-leftfeaturesareactive,GeneralalignmentisextendedtoincludeTextmode
(alwaysavailable)andInterfacemode(sometimesavailable).
generalbudgetreservation(n)~Adocumentthatisoftenusedbypublicsectorentitiesto
setasideorearmarkbudgetedfundssothatthosefundsarenotavailableforother
purposes.
generaldistributionrelease(n)~Asingle,cumulativepackagecomposedofoneormore
filesusedtoaddressaprobleminaproduct.Itisintendedforpublicuseandismade
availableonexternalwebsites.
generaldistributionreleasefix(n)~Asingle,cumulativepackagecomposedofoneor
morefilesusedtoaddressaprobleminaproduct.Itisintendedforpublicuseandismade
availableonexternalwebsites.
generalledger(n)~Theregisterofdebitandcreditentriesclassifiedusingaccountslisted
inachartofaccounts.
GeneralPacketRadioService(n)~Athird-generationenhancementtotheGlobal
SystemforMobileCommunications(GSM),whichsupportsnon-voiceapplicationssuch
asWebbrowsingandotherservicingrequiringtransferofdatapacketswithoutlimitsin
messagesize.
generalprotectionfault(n)~Theerrorconditionthatoccursinan80386orhigher
processorrunninginprotectedmode(suchasWindows3.1)whenanapplicationattempts
toaccessmemoryoutsideofitsauthorizedmemoryspaceorwhenaninvalidinstructionis
issued.
GeneralPurposeBatchInstances(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheBatchservicefor
generalbatchprocessing.
Generaltab(n)~IntheExchangeServeruserinterface,themaintabontheproperties
page.
generalizedimage(n)~Asoftwareimagethatyoucanapplyandrestoretoanycomputer
withsimilarhardware.
GenerallyAcceptedAccountingPrinciples(n)~Awidelyacceptedsetofaccounting
conventions,rules,andstandardsforUnitedStatescompanies.
generatedallocation(n)~Amethodofallocatingpostedamountstodestinationaccounts
basedonasetofpredefinedrules.
generatedcode(n)~Codethatisautomaticallygeneratedfortheclientprojectbasedon
operationsandentitiesexposedinthemiddletierwhenaRIAServiceslinkexistsbetween
theserverandclientprojects.
generation(n)~Acategorythatdistinguishesproducts,suchascomputersor
programminglanguages,accordingtothetechnologicaladvancestheyrepresent.
generator(n)~ThecomponentofNotificationServicesthatmatcheseventsto
subscriptionsandproducesnotifications.
genericapplication(n)~Auser-definedapplicationthatsupportsuserdefinablesettings
only.
GenericApplication(PN)~Aresourcetypeinafailoverclusterorserverclusterthat
supportsanapplicationthatwasnotoriginallydesignedtorunonacluster.
GenericC++ClassWizard(PN)~AwizardthataddsaC++classtoaproject.This
genericC++classdoesnotinheritfromATLorMFC.
genericdelegate(n)~Adelegatemethodthatisdeclaredwithtypeparameters.
genericengine(n)~Anenginethatdeterminestheapportionmentoffreightchargesby
weight.
genericmethod(n)~Amethodwhosedefinitionhasplaceholders,calledgenerictype
parameters,foroneormoretypesusedinthebodyofthemethodorasthetypesofthe
method’sparameters.Auserspecifiesrealtypes(generictypearguments)forthetype
parameterswhencallingthegenericmethod.Notethatamethodisnotgenericjust
becauseitisdeclaredinagenerictype.Amethodisgenericonlyifithastypeparameters
ofitsown.
genericprogramming(n)~Programmingusingparametricpolymorphism.
genericresource(n)~Aplaceholderresourcethatisusedtospecifytheskillsrequiredfor
aspecifictask.
GenericScript(PN)~Aresourcetypeinafailoverclusterorserverclusterthatsupports
anapplicationcontrolledbyascriptthatrunsinWindowsScriptHost.
GenericSecurityServicesApplicationProgrammingInterface(n)~AgenericAPIfor
performingclient-serverauthenticationthatcanbeimplementedoveranyauthentication
system.GSS-APImakesitpossibleforapplicationstousethesameAPIwithdifferent
authenticationmechanisms.
GenericService(PN)~Aresourcetypeinafailoverclusterorserverclusterthatsupports
aservicethatwasnotoriginallydesignedtorunonacluster.
generictest(n)~AknownVisualStudiotesttypethatencapsulatesanunknowntestor
toolandallowsVisualStudiototreatitasaknowntype.
generictype(n)~Aclass,interface,orstructurewhosedefinitionhasplaceholders,called
generictypeparameters,foroneormoretypesthatareusedinitsmemberdefinitions.A
userspecifiesrealtypes(generictypearguments)forthetypeparameterswhencreatingan
instanceofagenerictype.
generictypeargument(n)~Thetypethattheuserspecifieswhencreatinginstancesofa
generictypeorwhencallingagenericmethod.
generictypedefinition(n)~Thedefinitionofagenerictype,inwhichtypeparameters
actasplaceholdersfortypesthattheusersupplieswhencreatinginstancestouse.These
instancesarenotinstancesofthegenerictypedefinition,butoftheconstructedtype
formedbyspecifyingtypearguments.
generictypeparameter(n)~Inagenerictypedefinition,aplaceholderforatypethatthe
userspecifies(generictypeargument)whencreatinginstancesofagenerictypeorwhen
callingagenericmethod.
generictypeparameterconstraint(n)~Awayoflimitingthetypesthatcanbespecified
foragenerictypeparameter.Forexample,typessubstitutedforthetypeparametercanbe
constrainedtoinheritfromaparticulartype,toimplementaspecificinterface,toprovidea
parameterlessconstructor,andsoon.
generictypeparameterlist(n)~Thelistofgenerictypeparametersofagenerictypeor
method,specifiedaspartofthedefinitionofthegenerictypeorgenericmethod.
generics(n)~Afeatureofthecommonlanguageruntime,conceptuallysimilartoC++
templates,thatallowsclasses,structures,interfaces,andmethodstohaveplaceholders
(generictypeparameters)forthedatatypestheystoreandmanipulate.Generictypesarea
formofparameterizedtypes.
GeneriekeInfrastructuur(n)~AjointprojectbytheMinistriesofEconomicAffairsand
JusticeintheNetherlandstocreateonestandardtaxonomyandITinfrastructure(portal)to
improvecommunicationsbetweenbusinessesandthegovernment.
genlocking(n)~Therepeatedrenderingofa3-Dprimitivewhileblendingonatexture
witheachpass.Thistechniqueiswidelyusedtoachieveavarietyofspecialeffects.
genre(n)~Acategoryforgroupingordescribingmultimediaorgames,suchasmusic
categorizedasclassical’or‘jazz’.’
genre(n)~InWindowsMediaTechnologies,thetypeofmusic,suchasrockorclassical.
genuine(adj)~PertainingtoMicrosoftsoftwarewhichispublishedbyMicrosoft,
properlylicensed,andfullysupportedbyMicrosoftoratrustedpartner.
GenuineMicrosoftlabel(PN)~AlabeldesignatedbyMicrosoftthatisattachedtoa
computerandrepresentsphysicalevidencethattheoperatingsystemonthedeviceis
genuine.
GenuineMicrosoftSoftware(PN)~SoftwarethatispublishedbyMicrosoft,properly
licensed,andfullysupportedbyMicrosoftoratrustedpartner.
genuinevalidation(n)~Aprocessthatverifieswhetherinstalledsoftwareisgenuine.
geo(n)~AlargegeopoliticalareainAzureregiontaxonomy.
geofence(n)~Avirtualperimeteraroundareal-worldgeographicarea.
GeoFlow(PN)~A3Dgeospatialandtemporalvisualizationtoolthatenablesusersto
map,explore,andinteractwithinformationacrossmultipledimensions,allowingthemto
drawnewinsightsfromlargedatasets.
geographic(adj)~Pertainingtodatatypesinanellipsoidalcoordinatesystem.
geographicdata(n)~Atypeofspatialdatathatstoresellipsoidal(round-earth)data,such
asGPSlatitudeandlongitudecoordinates.
geography(n)~Anabstractdatatypethatisthebasetypeforallgeospatialdatatypesin
ellipsoidalcoordinatesystems.
Geolocation(PN)~ASharePointfieldtypethatenablesannotationofaSharePointlist
withlatitudeandlongitude.
geometric(adj)~Pertainingtodatatypesinaplanarcoordinatesystem.
geometricdata(n)~Atypeofspatialdatathatsupportsplanar,orEuclidean(flat-earth),
data.
geometry(n)~Anabstractdatatypethatisthebasetypeforallgeospatialdatatypesin
planarcoordinatesystems.
geo-redundantstorage(n)~Storageofdataintwolocationswithinthesamegeo.
geo-replication(n)~Astorageaccountfeaturethatautomaticallyreplicatesblobs,tables,
andqueuestoasecondarylocationandfailsovertothatlocationintheeventofaproblem
intheprimarylocation.
geospatial(adj)~PertainingtotherelativepositionofthingsinanareaonEarth.
geospatialcollection(n)~Ashaperepresentingaunionofallthepositionsinasetof
disjointregions.
geotag(n)~AmetadatatagthatincludesGPSlatitudeandlongitudecoordinatesto
specifyalocation.Geotagsaretypicallyusedtofindandorganisephotosandvideos.
geotagging(n)~Theprocessofaddinggeospatialmetadata(e.g.longitude,latitude)to
media(e.g.Websites,RSSfeeds,orimages).
gesture(n)~Aquickmovementofafingerorpenonascreenthatthecomputerinterprets
asacommand,ratherthanasamousemovement,writing,ordrawing.
GestureEngine(PN)~Anenginethatspecificallyrecognizesandprocessestouchinput
andmulti-touchinputascommands.
gesturerecognition(n)~AfeatureofthePenciltool.Asyoubegintomovethemouse,
Visioquicklycalculatesthepaththemousepointertravels.Ifthepathofthemouseis
straight,thePenciltooldrawsastraightlinesegment.
GestureRecognition~involvesdeterminingthemovementofauser’sfingers,hands,
arms,headorbodyinthreedimensionsthroughtheuseofacamera;orviaadevicewith
embeddedsensorsthatmaybeworn,heldorbody-mounted.
GestureRecognitionEngine(PN)~Anenginethatspecificallyrecognizesandprocesses
touchinputandmulti-touchinputascommands.
gesturerecognizer(n)~Anenginethatrecognizesandprocessesinkinputaseither
systemorapplicationcommands.
GetGenuineWindows(PN)~AnapplicationthatcomeswithaproductkeyandDVD
thatallowsusersthemtopurchaseWindowsandactivatetheircurrentcopyofWindows
fromtheclient.
getoperation(n)~Anoperationinasource-controlleddatabasethatreplacesthe
workspaceversionofafilewiththespecifiedrepositoryversion.Bydefault,the
repositoryversionisthelatestversion.
GetStarted(PN)~?Thebuilt-inappthatteachescustomersthebasictasksofgetting
startedwithWindows10andwhat’snewineachupdate.
Getstartedpage(n)~ThefirstpagethatIWs(endusers)seewhentheysignintoOffice
365.Admins(bothPandE)canalsoseethispage,buttheydon’tseeitfirst.
GetWindows10(PN)~?AnappthatassistscustomersinupgradingfromWindows7
ServicePack1(SP1)orWindows8.1Update1-toWindows10.-Itnotifiesthemofthe
optiontoupgrade,checkstheirPCforcompatibility,andallowsthemtoreserveafree
upgrade.
GettingStarted(n)~Adrop-downitemundertheHelpmenuthatopensupaquick
overviewhelpfile.
GettingStarted(n)~Thetitleofinstructionsforsettingupandpreparingthedevicefor
firstuse.
GettingStarted(n)~ApageintheSharedComputerToolkitwhichprovidesanoverview
ofthetoolsandresourcesavailableintheToolkitandadvicetohelpyoustartusingthe
Toolkitquickly.
GettingStarted(PN)~Afeaturethatservesasalaunchingpointforseveraloptional
WindowstasksandOEM-definedtasks.
GettingStartedCD(n)~ThetitleofaCDthatcontainsActiveSyncandadditional
programs.
GettingStartedpane(n)~AUIelementthatdisplaysHelptopicsthatdescribebasicLive
Meetingconceptsandprocedures.
GettingStartedpane(n)~TheupperportionoftheOffice365SmallBusinessPremium
adminlandingpage,whichcontainslinksto-€œGettingstarted-€?tasksforthePadmins
whentheysignintoOffice365forthefirsttime.Afterexploringthe-€œGettingstarted-
€?tasks,theadmincanhidethepane.
ghost(v)~Toproduceaduplicate,suchasduplicatinganapplicationinmemory.
ghostrecord(n)~Rowintheleaflevelofanindexthathasbeenmarkedfordeletion,but
hasnotyetbeendeletedbythedatabaseengine.
ghostrow(n)~Rowintheleaflevelofanindexthathasbeenmarkedfordeletion,but
hasnotyetbeendeletedbythedatabaseengine.
Ghostsite~aWebsitethatremainslivebutisnolongerupdatedormaintainedoronly
donesoveryinfrequently.
ghosting(n)~Theprocessofturningaregularfile-backeditemintoaghosteditem.
ghosting(n)~ADesktopWindowManagerfeaturethatletstheuserminimize,move,or
closetheprimarywindowofanapplicationthatisnotresponding.
GHz~Gigahertz-billionsofcyclespersecond.OftenusedasameasurementofaPC
processorchip’sspeedandpower,withbiggernumbersmeaningabitmorespeed,anda
higherprice.1000MHz=1.0GigaHertz.Seealso-MHz.
GID(n)~AnidentifierinUNIXthatassociatesauserwithagroupofotherusersthat
havesomethingincommon.Ausercanbeamemberofoneormoregroups.
GIF(n)~AgraphicstoredasafileintheGIFformat.
GIF~(GraphicsInterchangeFormat)-Apopulartypeofcompressedgraphics(picture)
file,widelyusedontheWWW.Bestforartworkwith256coloursorless.See
also-jpg,-compression.
GIFanimation(n)~Afilecontainingaseriesofgraphicsthataredisplayedinrapid
sequenceinaWebbrowser.
giftcard(n)~Aphysicalorelectroniccardstoringcurrencythatcustomerscanusetobuy
appsandsimilaritems.
giftcardreload(n)~Apointofsale(POS)operationthatisusedtoaddmoneytoan
emptygiftcardortotheopenbalanceofagiftcard.
giftedbadge(n)~Abadgethatisawardedtoamemberatthediscretionofthecommunity
ownerormoderatorsratherthanbeinggrantedautomaticallybasedonthatmember’s
earnedpointsinthereputationsystem.
gigabyte(n)~Aunitofcomputerordevicememoryequalto1,024megabytes(1,024
1,048,576,[230]bytes).
Gigabyte(orGig)~Unitofmeasurementforpiecesofinformation:approximately1
billionbytes,1millionkilobytes,or1000megabytes.-Harddisksizesareusually
measuredingigabytes.Oftenshortenedto‘GB’,‘Gig’orjustG.
GIGO~(GarbageInGarbageOut;-pr.‘guy-go’)Afundamentalprincipleofcomputing,
thatifyoufeedacomputerbaddata,youwillgetbadresults,eveniftheprogramis
workingperfectly.
giro(n)~AnelectronicfundstransfersystemavailableintheEuropeanUnionthatpermits
apayertotransferfundsfromtheirbankaccounttoapayee’sbankaccount.
GIT(PN)~Adistributedrevisioncontrolsystemwithanemphasisonspeed,data
integrity,andsupportfordistributed,non-linearworkflows.
GITbranch(n)~Anindependentlineofdevelopmentservingasanabstractionforthe
edit/stage/commitprocessintheGITsystem.
gitpushoriginmaster(n)~AstatementintheGITsystemtotransfercommitsfroma
localrepositorytoaremoterepositoryandpublishchanges.
GiveControl(v)~ASharingslideoptionthatallowsthepresentertogiveapplication
controltoanothermeetingparticipant.
Giveusfeedback(v)~AUIelementthatprovidesaccesstoasiteorprocessfor
submittingfeedbackontheproductorservicebeingused.
GKDS(PN)~AnActiveDirectoryDomainServicesservicethatprovidescryptographic
keysthatcorrespondtoarbitrarysetsofsecurityprincipalsinADDStouserswhoare
authorizedtoaccessthosekeys.
GL(n)~Theregisterofdebitandcreditentriesclassifiedusingaccountslistedinachart
ofaccounts.
glass(n)~Avisualeffectthatimpartsaqualityoftranslucencytowindows.
glassiness(n)~TheappearanceoftheStartmenuandthetaskbaraftertheglassvisual
stylehasbeenappliedtocustomizethecolor,intensity,andopacityofwindowborders.
GLB(n)~AU.S.lawcontainingfinancialprovisionsthatrequireallfinancialinstitutions
todisclosetoconsumercustomerstheirpoliciesandpracticesforprotectingtheprivacyof
non-publicpersonalinformation.Non-publicpersonalinformationincludesanyPII
providedbyacustomer,resultingfromtransactionswiththefinancialinstitutionor
obtainedbyafinancialinstitutionthroughprovidingproductsorservices.
gleam(n)~Asmall,star-shapedinsigniathatindicatesneworchangedcontent,aswhena
contacthaspostednewphotos.Itisalsocanbeusedtoindicateconditionsthatmay
requireaction,aswhensomeone’sonlinestorageisrunningout.
global(adj)~Pertainingtoanentiredocument,file,orprogramratherthantoarestricted
segmentofit.
Global(PN)~Aprivilegelevelthatspecifiestheuserhasaccesstoobjectsanywhere
withintheorganization.TheapplicationreferstothislevelasOrganization.
globalaccount(n)~InanActiveDirectorynetwork,anormaluseraccountinauser’s
domain.
globaladdressbook(n)~Acompletelistofpartyrecords.
globaladdresslist(n)~AnAddressBookthatcontainsentriesforeverygroup,user,and
contactwithinanorganization’simplementationofExchangeServer.
GlobalAddressList(n)~AnAddressBookthatcontainsentriesforeverygroup,user,
andcontactwithinanorganization’simplementationofExchangeServer.
globaladdresslistsynchronization(n)~Theprocessofsynchronizingtheglobaladdress
listfromoneExchangedeploymentwithanother.
globaladministrator(n)~ThechiefadministratorofMicrosoftOnlineServicesfora
customer.Theglobaladministratorappointsanysubordinateadministrativeroles.
globaladministratorrole(n)~AnadministrativeroleforPerformancePointServerthat
allowsmemberstoconfiguresettingsontheentirePerformancePointServersystemand
onallcomputersrunningPerformancePointServerwithinthesystem.
globalassemblycache(n)~Acomputer-widecodecachethatstoresassemblies
specificallyinstalledtobesharedbymanyapplicationsonthecomputer.
globalassumption(n)~Anassumptionthatcanbereferencedbyallmodelswithina
PerformancePointServerapplication.
globalattribute(n)~Anattributeassociatedwithaskindefinitionfileasawhole,which
canbeaccessedfromanyelement.
globalconditions(n)~Asettingoranexpressionthatisusedtodefinerulesthatspecify
howanapplicationisdeployedonclientdevices.
globaldata(n)~Asetofadministrator-createdobjectsthatarereplicatedtoallsites
throughoutthehierarchy.Secondarysitesreceiveasubsetofthisdata.
globaldefault(n)~Adefaultthatisdefinedforaspecificdatabaseandissharedby
columnsofdifferenttables.
globaldescriptortable(n)~Amemorysegmentthatcontainsdescriptorsforcode,data,
anddescriptortablesegments.AllprocessortaskshaveaccesstoacommonGDT.
globaldomainidentifier(n)~Anidentifierthatspecifiesthecountry/region,the
administrationmanagementdomain(ADMD),andtheprivatemanagementdomain
(PRMD)ofanX.400e-mailaddress.Forexamplec=us;a=MCI;p=msft.
globalfile(n)~AProjectfile[Global.mpt]thatcontainsinformationyoucanusefor
differentprojects.Informationinaglobalfilecanincludeviews,calendars,forms,reports,
tables,filters,toolbars,menubars,macros,andoptionssettings.
globalgroup(n)~Asecurityordistributiongroupthatcancontainusers,groups,and
computersfromitsowndomainasmembers.Globalsecuritygroupscanbegrantedrights
andpermissionsforresourcesinanydomainintheforest.
globalID(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatisassignedtoadataitem.Theidentifiermustbe
uniqueacrossallclients.Aglobalidentifierisaflexibleidentifierandsocanbeany
format,butitistypicallyaGUIDandan8-byteprefix.
globalidentifier(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatisassignedtoadataitem.Theidentifier
mustbeuniqueacrossallclients.Aglobalidentifierisaflexibleidentifierandsocanbe
anyformat,butitistypicallyaGUIDandan8-byteprefix.
globalmenubar(n)~Aspecialcustommenubarthatreplacesthebuilt-inmenubarinall
windowsinyourapplication,exceptwhereyou’vespecifiedacustommenubarforaform
orreport.
Globalmode(PN)~Anetworkselectionmodethatenablesthephonetobouncebetween
CDMAandGSMnetworktypes.
globalpolicy(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerpolicythatappliestoallSIPusers
inanActiveDirectoryforest.
GlobalPositioningSystem(PN)~AradionavigationsystemdevelopedbytheU.S.
DepartmentofDefensethatusesaconstellationof24earthsatellites,whicharemonitored
byground-basedcontrolstations,toprovideprecise,continuousworldwidepositioning
andtiminginformation.
globalreplica(n)~Areplicainwhichchangesarefullytrackedandcanbeexchanged
withanyglobalreplicaintheset.Aglobalreplicacanalsoexchangechangeswithany
localoranonymousreplicasforwhichitbecomesthehub.
globalresource(n)~Aresourcethatisavailableforusebyallsites.Suchglobalresources
mightalsobereferencedandusedbyothersites.
globalresourcepointer(n)~Aresourceobjectexposedatthesitelevelthatservesto
referenceaglobalresourcebeingusedbythatsite.
globalroaming(n)~Roamingtolower-levelsites,higher-levelsites,andsiblingsites.
ThisroamingmethodrequiresActiveDirectoryandtheSMS/ConfigurationManager
ActiveDirectoryschemaextensionsandappliesonlytotheAdvancedClient.
globalrule(n)~Arulethatisdefinedforaspecificdatabaseandissharedbycolumnsof
differenttables.
globalrule(n)~InExchangeServer2007,ajournalrulethatprocessesalle-mail
messagesthatpassthroughaHubTransportserver.Thisincludese-mailmessagesthat
werealreadyprocessedbytheexternalandinternalrules.
globalsearch(n)~Asearchoperationthatfindsadesiredstringorrecordlocated
anywhereinanapplication,document,orsetoffiles.
GlobalServiceMonitor(PN)~Acloud-basedservicethatmonitorstheavailabilityof
externalweb-basedapplicationsfrommultiplelocationsaroundtheworld.
globalshortcutmenu(n)~Acustomshortcutmenuthatreplacesthebuilt-inshortcut
menuforthefollowingobjects-fieldsintableandquerydatasheets;formsandform
controlsinFormview,Datasheetview,andPrintPreview;andreportsinPrintPreview.
globalsubscription(n)~Asubscriptiontoamergepublicationwithanassignedpriority
valueusedforconflictdetectionandresolution.
globalsystemkey(n)~Atoolusedtoconfigurethestartupkey,arandom,128-bit,
symmetriccryptographickeycreatedatsystemstartupandusedtoencryptalloftheuser`s
symmetriccryptographickeys.
globaltemplate(n)~Anadd-inthatstoresmacros,AutoTextentries,andcustomtoolbar,
menu,andshortcutkeysettingsthatyoucanusewhileyouworkwithdocumentsbasedon
anytemplate.Bydefault,theNormaltemplateisaglobaltemplate.
globaltermset(n)~Atermsetthatiscreatedbyusingthetermstoremanagementtool.
Globaltextdirection(n)~Definestheflowoftextintextentryboxesandeditcontrols.
Youcanchoosealeft-to-rightorright-to-leftdirection,orbasethedirectiononthecontext
ofthefirststrongcharacterthatisdetected.
globaltheme(n)~Acollectionofcontrolproperties,stylesheets,andimagesthatcanbe
appliedasaunittoapageorWebsitetodefineanoverallappearance.
globaltradeidentificationnumber(n)~A14-digitdatastructureusedtouniquely
identifytradeitems,products,andservicesataunitlevel.
GlobalUniversalIdentification(n)~A16-bytevaluegeneratedfromtheunique
identifieronadevice,thecurrentdateandtime,andasequencenumber.Itisusedto
identifyaparticulardevice,component,user,orsession.
globalvariable(n)~Avariablethatisaccessiblefromanywhereinaprogram.
globalization(n)~Theprocessofdesigninganddevelopingasoftwareproductto
functioninmultiplelocales.Globalizationinvolvesidentifyingthelocalesthatmustbe
supported,designingfeaturesthatsupportthoselocales,andwritingcodethatfunctions
equallywellinanyofthesupportedlocales.
GlobalizationAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatcontainsfeaturesenablingappsforaglobal
audience.
globallyroutableuseragentURI(n)~AURIthataSIPprogramcanusetorouteacall
toaspecificagent.
globallyuniqueidentifier(n)~A16-bytevaluegeneratedfromtheuniqueidentifierona
device,thecurrentdateandtime,andasequencenumber.Itisusedtoidentifyaparticular
device,component,user,orsession.
globally-uniqueidentifier(n)~A16-bytevaluegeneratedfromtheuniqueidentifierona
device,thecurrentdateandtime,andasequencenumber.Itisusedtoidentifyaparticular
device,component,user,orsession.
globbing(n)~InDNS,thesupporteduseofwildcardcharacterssuchastheasterisk(*)in
domainnamesforDNSqueriesthatresolvetomultiplenames.Whenwildcardingisused,
DNSserversmustsupportresolvingnamequeriesthatusewildcardcharacters,and
resolversmustbeabletoparsemultiplerecordsfromanyresourcerecordsets(RRsets)
issuedinwildcardqueryresponses.
glossoptimizer(n)~Apigmentink/cartridgeusedindigitalprintingwhichprovides
resistancetowater,fadingandsmudging,thusproducingphotographicprintswith
uniformglosscoverage.
glossary(n)~Analphabeticallistoftechnicaltermsinsomespecializedfieldof
knowledge,generallyusedinthecontextofaspecificprojectorwithaspecifictext.
glow(n)~Aneffectthatappliesahaloofcoloraroundtheperimeterofanobject.
gloweffect(n)~Aneffectthatappliesahaloofcoloraroundtheperimeterofanobject.
GLP(n)~Astandardizedsetofbestpracticesandprinciplesforconductingnon-clinical
laboratorystudies.
glue(v)~Toconnectshapessuchthattheyremainconnectedevenwhenoneoftheshapes
ismoved.
gluechasing(n)~Theprocessofperformingfollow-upqueriesorsuccessivelookupsto
resolvegluerecordsinazonetootherremoteDNSserversthatareauthoritativefora
derivativezone.
gluerecord(n)~AdelegationresourcerecordusedforlocatingtheauthoritativeDNS
serversforadelegatedzone.Theserecordsareusedtoconnectzonestogetherandprovide
aneffectivedelegationandreferralpathforotherDNSserverstofollowwhenresolvinga
name.
glyph(n)~Agraphicalrepresentationofeitheracharacter,apartofacharacter,ora
sequenceofcharacters.
glyphrun(n)~Acontinuoussequenceofcharactersthatshareacommonformat.
GML(PN)~AlabeldesignatedbyMicrosoftthatisattachedtoacomputerandrepresents
physicalevidencethattheoperatingsystemonthedeviceisgenuine.
GMP(n)~Currentgoodmanufacturingpracticesforthemanufacture,packaging,and
holdingoffinishedpharmaceuticalsanddrugs.
GN(n)~PersonalAreaNetworks(PAN)thatcommunicatedirectlybetweenoneormore
Bluetooth-enabledcomputersordevices.
GnSQLServerDWVM(n)~AservicetypeoftheVirtualMachinesserviceinAzure
DataWarehouse.Gn(1to5)referstothesizeofthevirtualmachine.
GNUCompilerCollection(PN)~AcompilersystemproducedbytheGNUProject
supportingvariousprogramminglanguages.
Go(v)~Abuttonontheaddressbarthatenablestheusertonavigatetothespecified
location(suchasafolderpathorwebaddress).
goback(v)~ToreturntoWindows7afterupgradingtoWindows10.
GoDaddy~GoDaddyisanInternetdomainregistrarandWebhostingcompanythatalso
sellse-businessrelatedsoftwareandservices.-http://www.godaddy.com/
GoToTab(PN)~AnitemontheViewmenuthatopenstheselectedtabinthecurrent
window.
go/nogo(adj)~Adeterminationtoproceedwithorabandonaplanorproject.
Goa(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#126.
goal(n)~Anobjectivethatthepersonaisattemptingtoachieve.Asystemhelpsthe
personareachthesegoals.
goal(n)~Avaluethatisdefinedintheassessmentmanifestandthatestablishesthepoints
atwhichametricisrated.
goalseek(n)~Amethodtofindaspecificvalueforacellbyadjustingthevalueofone
othercell.Whengoalseeking,Excelvariesthevalueinacellthatyouspecifyuntila
formulathat’sdependentonthatcellreturnstheresultyouwant.
goaltemplate(n)~Asetofdefaultgoalsthathavepredefineddescriptionstohelpan
organizationcreatespecificgoalsforemployees.
goaling(n)~Determiningthenumberofadstodeliverinaspecifiedamountoftime.You
cangoalbyanyevent,suchasclicksoramountsold.
Gold(adj)~Thehighestlevelofservicethatcanbeallocatedtoacase.Theservice
contractacustomerpurchasesdeterminestheservicelevelforitsassociatedcases.
goldcompetency(n)~AqualificationthatdistinguishesaMicrosoftpartnercompanythat
hasdemonstratedthehighestlevelofexpertisewithinaspecificskillset.Agold
competencyindicatesthatacompanyiswithinthetop1percentofMicrosoftpartners
worldwide.
goldenrelease(n)~Areleasecandidatethathasbeenacceptedasthefinalreleaseofthe
product.
good(n)~Atangibleitemforsaleoruse,oftenproducedforlaterconsumption.
GoodAutomatedManufacturingPractice(n)~Guidelines,originallydevelopedforthe
pharmaceuticalindustryandusedinthehealthcareindustry,forvalidatingthatautomated
systemsmeetagreed-uponspecificationsandcomplywithregulations.
goodclinicalpractice(n)~Astandardizedsetofbestpracticesandprinciplesforthe
design,conduct,performance,monitoring,auditing,recording,analysis,andreportingof
clinicaltrials.
goodlaboratorypractice(n)~Astandardizedsetofbestpracticesandprinciplesfor
conductingnon-clinicallaboratorystudies.
goodmanufacturingpractice(n)~Currentgoodmanufacturingpracticesforthe
manufacture,packaging,andholdingoffinishedpharmaceuticalsanddrugs.
GoodsandServicesTax(PN)~Avalue-addedtaxleviedinsomecountries/regions.
goodsintransit(n)~Itemsthathavebeendispatchedfromtheshippinglocationbuthave
notyetarrivedatthedeliverylocation.
goodstransportagency(n)~Aproviderofservicesthatarerelatedtothetransportation
ofgoodsbyroad.TheGTAissuesaconsignmentnote.
goodwill(n)~Thedifferencebetweentheperceivedvalueandthebookvalueofanasset.
goodwill(n)~Anintangibleassetthatarisesasaresultoftheacquisitionofonecompany
byanotherforapremiumvalue,includingbrandname,solidcustomerbase,good
customerrelations,goodemployeerelationsandanypatentsorproprietarytechnology.
Google~Startedoutassearchengineandrapidlybecamesomuchbetteratitthan
everyoneelsethat‘togoogle’was(andis)widelyusedtomean‘tolookupviathe
internet’.Nowahuge,richandinfluentialcorporationwithfingersinmanypies,owners
oftheAndroid-operatingsystemfor-smartphones-and-tablets.Itsheadquartersarein
Californiaandithasofficesanddatacentersallovertheworld.
googling~searchingthroughthe-Google-searchengine
Googol~1googol=10raisedtothepower100.Thenumberwasnamedin1983by
MiltonSirottaafterhisuncle(themathematicianEdwardKasner)askedhimtothinkupa
nameforthenumber.Thesearchengine-Google-isrumouredtobenamedasaplayon
thewordGoogol.
GOP(n)~Agroupofsuccessivepictures,startingwithanI-frameandfollowedbyzeroor
morepredicted(PandB)pictures.
Gopher(oth)~AnInternetutilityforfindingtextualinformationandpresentingittothe
userintheformofhierarchicalmenus,fromwhichtheuserselectssubmenusorfilesthat
canbedownloadedanddisplayed.
Gopher~Aconsistentuserinterfaceandgatewayintomanyon-linewhitepagesand
otheraddressdatabases.
Gopherserver(n)~ThesoftwarethatprovidesmenusandfilestoaGopheruser.
Gospel(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#38.
Gothic(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#49.
GothicRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#91.
Government(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesengagementwithgovernmentor
politics.
Government&politics(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesengagementwith
governmentorpolitics.
government+politics(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesengagementwith
governmentorpolitics.
GovernmentPricing(n)~PricingofOffice365offersapplicabletoGovernmententities
only.
GPfault(n)~Theerrorconditionthatoccursinan80386orhigherprocessorrunningin
protectedmode(suchasWindows3.1)whenanapplicationattemptstoaccessmemory
outsideofitsauthorizedmemoryspaceorwhenaninvalidinstructionisissued.
GPF(n)~Theerrorconditionthatoccursinan80386orhigherprocessorrunningin
protectedmode(suchasWindows3.1)whenanapplicationattemptstoaccessmemory
outsideofitsauthorizedmemoryspaceorwhenaninvalidinstructionisissued.
GPF~(GeneralProtectionFault)-Ancommonerrormessageinearlyversions
of-Windows,seenwhenaprogramtriedtodosomethingWindowsthoughtitshouldn’t,
oftenlockingupthePC.
GPMC(n)~Anadministrativetoolusedtomanageandeditdomain-basedGroupPolicy
objects.
GPO(n)~AcollectionofGroupPolicysettings.
GPRS(n)~Athird-generationenhancementtotheGlobalSystemforMobile
Communications(GSM),whichsupportsnon-voiceapplicationssuchasWebbrowsing
andotherservicingrequiringtransferofdatapacketswithoutlimitsinmessagesize.
GPS(n)~AradionavigationsystemdevelopedbytheU.S.DepartmentofDefensethat
usesaconstellationof24earthsatellites,whicharemonitoredbyground-basedcontrol
stations,toprovideprecise,continuousworldwidepositioningandtiminginformation.
GPSreceiver(n)~Adevicethatincludesanantenna,aradioreceiver,andaprocessorfor
usewiththeworldwideGPS(GlobalPositioningSystem).AGPSreceiverusesposition
andtimeinformationfromfourGPSsatellitestocalculatepreciseinformationaboutits
currentlocation,itsspeedoftravel,andthecurrenttime.
GPSTracker(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheuserstocomputethedistancetheyhaverun
orwalkedandthecaloriestheyhaveburned.
GPT(n)~Adisk-partitioningschemethatisusedbytheExtensibleFirmwareInterface
(EFI).GPToffersmoreadvantagesthanmasterbootrecord(MBR)partitioningbecauseit
allowsupto128partitionsperdisk,providessupportforvolumesupto18exabytesin
size,allowsprimaryandbackuppartitiontablesforredundancy,andsupportsuniquedisk
andpartitionIDs(GUIDs).
GPU(n)~Aprocessoronagraphicscardthatisusedasavideoencodingaccelerator.
GPU(n)~Adedicated,heavilyparallelizedprocessorusedtoperformgraphicsorother
floatingpoint-€“intensivecalculations.
GPUoverlayscaling(n)~Afeaturethatdrawstwoframebuffersatdifferentresolutions
andefficientlycompositesthemintoasingleframebufferfordisplay.
grab(v)~Tocommandorcapture.
gracedays(n)~Aperiodofdaysaddedtoaduedateduringwhichacustomercandelaya
paymentwithoutincurringinterestoralatefee.
graceperiod(n)~Aperiodofdaysaddedtoaduedateduringwhichacustomercan
delayapaymentwithoutincurringinterestoralatefee.
graceperiod(n)~Thetimeperiodduringwhichaproductorservicewillremain
functionalbeforetheuserorcustomermustlicense,register,renew,orotherwise
(re)activatetheirproductorsubscription.
graceperiod(n)~Thetimeperiodbeyondaspecifieddateduringwhichanobligationcan
befulfilledwithoutpenalty.
gracetime(n)~Thetimeperiodduringwhichaproductorservicewillremainfunctional
beforetheuserorcustomermustlicense,register,renew,orotherwise(re)activatetheir
productorsubscription.
gracefulrecovery(n)~Terminationofaprocessthatallowstheoperatingsystemor
parentprocesstoregainnormalcontrol.Doesnotcrashthemachineorresultinageneral
protectiondefault(GPF)orbluescreen.Theuserisnotrequiredtoclosetheapplication,
andcancontinuetousetheotherfunctionality.
gracefulshutdown(n)~TheshutdownofacachehostinWindowsServerAppFabricthat
firstmovesallcacheditemsoffofthathosttootherrunninghostsbeforecompletingthe
shutdown.
grade(n)~Arankorcategoryassignedtoamaterialresourcethatdenotesfunctionaluse
butnotlevelofquality.Alow-graderesourceisnotnecessarilyalow-qualityresource.
grade(n)~Anumericornon-numericscorethatrepresentsastudent’sperformanceonan
assignment.
GradeValues(PN)~Anassignmentpropertythatindicateswhethergradesforthe
assignmentarenumericornon-numeric.
Gradebook(PN)~Aworksheetthatcontainsthecollectionofgradesforallstudents
enrolledinaparticularclass.
gradedquestion(n)~Aquestionforwhichaneducatorhasscoredastudent’sresponse.
gradient(n)~Agradualprogression.Forexample,aprogressionfromonecolorto
anothercolor,orfromoneshadetoanothershadeofthesamecolor.
gradientbrush(n)~Abrushthatpaintsanareainagradualprogressionfromonecolorto
anotherorfromoneshadetoanothershadeofthesamecolor.
gradientslider(n)~Auserinterfacecontrol(typicallyasliderbar)thatletsyouselecta
colorforagradientstopandwherethecolorappearsinthegradientspectrumthatis
appliedtoabrush.
gradientstop(n)~Amarkeronagradientspectrumthatdenoteswhereadifferentcoloris
introduced.Thecolor(andalpha)valuescanbeuniquetoeachstopalongthegradientthat
ausercreates.
GradientTransform(PN)~Atoolthatletsyoualtertheappearanceofagradientfillor
stroke.Forexample,youcanusetheGradientTransformtooltochangewherethefirst
andlastpointsofagradientshouldappearinanobject.
grain(n)~Visibleparticlesinaphotographicimage,oftenconsideredundesireable.
grammarchecker(n)~Asoftwareaccessorythatcheckstextforerrorsingrammatical
construction.
Grammarpane(PN)~Apanethatprovidesfunctionalitytocorrectgrammarerrorsin
yourdocument.
grandchild(n)~Inatreestructure,therelationshipofanodetoitspredecessor’s
predecessor.
grantedpermissions(n)~Thepermissions,determinedbysecuritypolicy,thatcodewill
begiven,allowingitaccesstoresourcesandgivingitidentity.Thegrantedpermissions
aredeterminedbyboththerequestedpermissionsandwhatisallowedbythesecurity
policyconfiguration.
GranularAuditPolicy(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethathelpsadministratorstunetheir
auditpoliciesatamoredetailedlevelbyusingnumeroussubcategories,andbettercontrol
whateventsarerecordedintheeventlog.
granularity(n)~Adescription,fromcoarse’to‘fine’
granularityattribute(n)~Thesingleattributeisusedtospecifythelevelofgranularity
foragivendimensioninrelationtoagivenmeasuregroup.
Graph(PN)~AcapabilityofMicrosoftAzureActiveDirectorythataccessesuser,group,
androleobjectswithinasocialenterprisegraphtoeasilysurfaceuserinformationand
relationships.
GraphAPI(PN)~AsetofRESTfulwebservicesthatprovidesaccesstotheentire
identitysystemthatisrunninginMicrosoft’scloud(MicrosoftAzureActiveDirectory-
WAAD).
graphindex(n)~Anindexthatstoresgraphnodesandedgesandtheirassociateddata.
GraphQueryLanguage(PN)~Aquerylanguageusedtoquerythegraphindex.
graphic(n)~Avisualrepresentationsuchasapicture,chartortable.
graphicfilter(n)~Aprogramthattransformsapicturestoredinonefileformattoanother
formatsothatitcanbedisplayedinaspecificgraphicsprogram.
graphicregion(n)~TheareaonaWebpagewheregraphicsoverlap.
graphicalquerydesigner(n)~AquerydesignerprovidedbytheReportingServicesthat
allowstheusertointeractivelybuildaqueryandviewtheresultsfordatasourcetypes
SQLServer,Oracle,OLEDB,andODBC.
graphicaluserinterface(n)~Adisplayformat,likethatofWindows,thatrepresentsa
program’sfunctionswithgraphicimagessuchasbuttonsandicons.GUIsenableauserto
performoperationsandmakechoicesbypointingandclickingwithamouse.
graphics(n)~AnAPIthatfacilitatesrenderingforgeometry,images,bitmaps,text,color,
andspecialeffects.
Graphics~Acatch-alltermforanythinginvolvingdrawingimagesonaPCscreen.A
gamewithgreatgraphicsisonethatisvisuallyspectacular.
graphicsaccelerator(n)~Avideocardthatcontainsagraphicscoprocessor.Agraphics
acceleratorcanupdatethevideodisplaymuchmorequicklythantheCPUcan,anditfrees
theCPUforothertasks.Agraphicsacceleratorisanecessityformodernsoftwaresuchas
graphicaluserinterfacesandmultimediaapplications.
GraphicsDeviceInterface(PN)~Anexecutableprogramthatprocessesgraphical
functioncallsfromaWindows-basedapplicationandpassesthosecallstotheappropriate
devicedriver,whichperformsthehardware-specificfunctionsthatgenerateoutput.By
actingasabufferbetweenapplicationsandoutputdevices,GDIpresentsadevice-
independentviewoftheworldfortheapplicationwhileinteractinginadevice-dependent
formatwiththedevice.
graphicsfilter(n)~Aprogramthattransformsapicturestoredinonefileformatto
anotherformatsothatitcanbedisplayedinaspecificgraphicsprogram.
GraphicsFrameAnalysis(PN)~AcomponentoftheVisualStudioGraphicsDiagnostics
toolsetthatcanbeusedtoanalyzeandoptimizetherenderingperformanceofaDirect3D
gameorapp.
GraphicsInterchangeFormat(n)~AgraphicstoredasafileintheGIFformat.
GraphicsInterchangeFormat(n)~AgraphicsfileformatdevelopedbyCompuServe
andusedfortransmittingrasterimagesontheInternet.Animagemaycontainupto256
colors,includingatransparentcolor.Thesizeofthefiledependsonthenumberofcolors
actuallyused.TheLZWcompressionmethodisusedtoreducethefilesizestillfurther.
graphicsmemory(n)~Atypeofmemoryusedbyvideocardstostoreinformationthat
willbedisplayedonamonitor.Theamountofvideomemorydictatesthemaximum
resolutionandcolordepthavailableforthedisplay.
graphicsmethod(n)~Amethodincodethatperformsagraphics-relatedfunctionsuchas
drawingalineorshapeorrepaintingabackgroundwithasolidcolor.
graphicsplatform(n)~Thefoundationtechnologybywhichacomputerdisplaysgraphic
images.
graphicsprimitive(n)~Abasicshape(apoint,aline,circle,curve,orpolygon)thata
graphicsadaptercanmanipulateasadiscreteentity.
graphicsprocessingunit(n)~Aprocessoronagraphicscardthatisusedasavideo
encodingaccelerator.
graphicsprocessingunit(n)~Adedicated,heavilyparallelizedprocessorusedtoperform
graphicsorotherfloatingpoint-€“intensivecalculations.
graveaccent(n)~The`character.
GRAVEACCENT(n)~The`character.
GrayHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofarangeofgraycolors.
grayscale(n)~Asequenceofshadesrangingfromblackthroughwhite,usedincomputer
graphicstoadddetailtoimagesortorepresentacolorimageonamonochromeoutput
device.
Grayscale(PN)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
greaterthanorequaltosign(n)~The?character.
greaterthansign(n)~The>character.
GREATER-THANOREQUALTO(n)~The?character.
GREATER-THANSIGN(n)~The>character.
great-looking(adj)~Impressiveorcompellinginappearance.
greedyrepetition(n)~Amatchingcriteriausedinregularexpresionswherequantifiers
matchasmanycharactersastheycan.
GreenHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofarangeofgreencolors.
greenIT~Technologyassets,services,andoperationalbestpracticesthatallow
organizationstoreduceharmfulenvironmentalimpactswhileatthesametimeachieving
theirfinancialandriskimperativeswithinandoutsideofIT.
greenfielddeployment(n)~AnEnterpriseVoicedeploymentinanenvironmentwhereno
legacyPBXsystemexists.Anewcompanyornewfacilityaretypicalexamples.
greeting(n)~?ThestringthatappearsonCortanahometogreetyou.IfCortanaknowsthe
user’sname,shemayuseit.
Gregoriancalendar(n)~Acalendarinwidespreaduse.Itwasintroducedin1582A.D.as
arevisiontotheJuliancalendar.
grep(n)~AUNIXcommandusedtosearchafileorfilesbykeyword.
grid(n)~Asetofintersectinglinesorlinearelementsatrightanglestoeachother.
Grid(PN)~TheSwaycardthatplacescontentintoatighterarrangement,aligningcontent
byrowsand/orcolumns.
Gridcomputing~applyingtheresourcesofmanycomputersinanetworktoasingle
problematthesametime-usuallytoascientificortechnicalproblemthatrequiresagreat
numberofcomputerprocessingcyclesoraccesstolargeamountsofdata.
gridlines(n)~Thefaintverticalandhorizontallinesthatappearinthedrawingwindow
whenthegridisturnedon.Youcanusegridlinestohelppositionshapesprecisely.
GridMatrix(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowtheplacementofconcepts
alongtwoaxes.Emphasizestheindividualcomponentsratherthanthewhole.Thefirst
fourlinesofLevel1textappearinthequadrants.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,but
remainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
gridorigin(n)~Thepointthatdefinesthelayoutofgridlinesonthedrawingpage.A
verticalgridlineandahorizontalgridlinepassthroughthegridorigin,andallothergrid
linesaredrawnatspecifiedintervalsfromthesereferencelines.
gridpanel(n)~Alayoutcontainerthatarrangesitschildelementsinrowsandcolumns
thatformagrid.
gridline(n)~Alineaddedtoachartthatmakesiteasiertoviewandevaluatedata.
Gridlinesextendfromthetickmarksonanaxisacrosstheplotarea.
gripper(n)~Ahandle(often,atall,thinrectangle)thatappearsonarebarorcommand
band.Bytouchinganddraggingagripperbarwithastylusormouse,ausercanreposition
orresizearebarorcommandband.
gripperbar(n)~Ahandle(often,atall,thinrectangle)thatappearsonarebaror
commandband.Bytouchinganddraggingagripperbarwithastylusormouse,ausercan
repositionorresizearebarorcommandband.
groom(v)~Topermanentlyremovedatafromthedatawarehouse.
Groove(PN)~Anapp,deliveredin-boxwithWindows,thatcanbeusedtobuy,stream,
store,andsyncmusic.
GrooveCalendarTool(PN)~Atoolthatletstheusermarkimportantdatesandbuild
collaborativescheduleswithothermembersofaworkspace.
GrooveDocumentsTool(PN)~AtoolinGrooveforstoringandsharingfiles;primary
useisintendedtobeasconnectiontoSharePoint(viaSiteClient).
GrooveMeetingsTool(PN)~AtoolinMicrosoftOfficeGroovethathelpsusersto
organize,conduct,andrecordmeetings.
GrooveMusic(PN)~Anapp,deliveredin-boxwithWindows,thatcanbeusedtobuy,
stream,store,andsyncmusic.
GrooveMusicPass(PN)~AMicrosoftpaidsubscriptionservice(monthlyoryearly)that
offersstreaminganddownloadaccesstomillionsofsongsintheGroovemusiccatalog.
grossamount(n)~Thetotalamountofanythingbeforeanydeductionsoradditionsare
applied.
grossamount(n)~Anamountexcludingdeductions,charges,andadjustments.
grossmargin(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthesalesandthedirectcostsoftheproducts
sold.
grossmargin(n)~Theratioofgrossprofittosalesrevenue.
grossprofit(n)~Theratioofgrossprofittosalesrevenue.
group(v)~Inadrawingprogram,totransformanumberofobjectsintoagroup.
group(n)~Acollectionofelementsthatcanbetreatedasawhole.
group(v)~Toarrangeorassociateoneormoreresources.
group(n)~Alabeledcollectionofcommandsandcontrolsthataregroupedtogetherona
ribbontab.
group(n)~Acollectionofusers,computers,contacts,andothergroupsthatisusedas
securityorase-maildistributioncollections.Distributiongroupsareusedonlyfore-mail.
Securitygroupsareusedbothtograntaccesstoresourcesandase-maildistributionlists.
group(n)~Asetofagentswhohandlecalls.Eachgroupdefinesaroutingmethod(how
shouldtheagentsbecontacted)andsomepresencepolicies(whenshouldtheagentsbe
contacted,orwhetheragentsareformalorinformalagents).
group(n)~TojoinquerytwoclauseswithaBooleanoperatorintheworkitemquery
builder.
group(n)~Acollectionofusers,computers,contacts,andothergroupsthatisusedonly
fore-maildistribution,andaddressedasasinglerecipient.
group(n)~Acollectionofe-mailaddressesthatistreatedasasinglerecipientfore-mail
distributionpurposes,andthatiscreatedbyandavailabletoanindividualOutlookuser.
group(n)~InMicrosoftAzureConnect,anexclusivesetofendpointswhosemembers
havenetworkconnectivitywithothergroupsofeitheron-premisesITresourcesor
MicrosoftAzureroleinstances.
group(n)~Asetofobjectsthatshareacommonrelation.
Group(PN)~TheSwaybuttonthatallowstheusertochangeasetofcardsintoagroup
ofcards.
groupaccount(n)~Acollectionofuseraccountsinaworkgroup,identifiedbygroup
nameandpersonalID(PID).Permissionsassignedtoagroupapplytoallusersinthe
group.
GroupAd-hocNetwork(n)~PersonalAreaNetworks(PAN)thatcommunicatedirectly
betweenoneormoreBluetooth-enabledcomputersordevices.
groupbox(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatgroupsasetofcontrols.
groupcalendar(n)~Acalendarforagroup.
GroupCalendar(PN)~ThesharedcalendarthatyoucancreateinOfficeforagroupof
userstoscheduleevents,trackmilestones,createmeetings,andengageinconversations
aroundevents.Userscanaddeventsfromagroupcalendartotheirpersonalcalendars.
groupcall(n)~Acalltoacallgroupthatringsthegroupownerandcallgroup
simultaneously.Whenamemberofthegroupanswersthecall,theothermembersgeta
notificationwiththestatusofthecall.
groupcall(n)~Avoicecallwithupto25participantsinSkype.
groupcard(n)~ASwaycardthattakesasetofcardsandcreatesagroupoutofthem
withaparticularvisualizationpattern.
groupchat(n)~Aninstantmessagesessionwithmultipleparties,exchangedviaIM(not
throughyourmobileoperator).
GroupContactsbyAvailability(PN)~AnitemontheViewmenuthatrearrangesthe
user’scontactsbasedoneachcontact’scurrentstatus.
groupconversation(n)~Aninstantmessagesessionwithmultipleparties,exchangedvia
IM(notthroughyourmobileoperator).
groupexpansion(n)~ExpansionofanExchangeDistributionGroupforthepurposeof
invitingsomeorallofitsmemberstoaconference.
GroupExpansionservice(n)~Aservicethatexpandsdistributiongroupssothat
membersofagroupcanbeviewedindividually.
groupfiltercontrol(n)~Adrop-downlistboxcontrolonadataaccesspagethatretrieves
recordsfromanunderlyingrecordsetbasedonthevalueyouselectfromthelist.Ona
groupedpage,thecontrolretrievesaspecificgroupofrecords.
GroupFiltering(PN)~AfeatureofDirectoryServicesthatprovidestheabilityfor
differentgroupsofuserstohavetheirownsetsoffilteringrules,evenifalluserssharethe
samedomain.-
groupfooter(n)~Usetoplaceinformation,suchasgroupnameorgrouptotal,attheend
ofagroupofrecords.
groupheader(n)~Aplaceforinformation,suchasgroupnameorgrouptotal,atthe
beginningofagroupofrecords.
groupidentifier(n)~AnidentifierinUNIXthatassociatesauserwithagroupofother
usersthathavesomethingincommon.Ausercanbeamemberofoneormoregroups.
groupIM(n)~Aninstantmessagesessionwithmultipleparties,exchangedviaIM(not
throughyourmobileoperator).
groupinheritance(n)~Ameansofdefiningthepermissionsofagrouprolewithinthe
SafeEditingfeature.Administratorscancreateusergroupsandtheauthoringrightsof
eachgroupmemberwillberestrictedaccordingtothegrouppermission.
groupinstantmessage(n)~Aninstantmessagesessionwithmultipleparties,exchanged
viaIM(notthroughyourmobileoperator).
groupinstantmessaging(n)~Afeaturethatallowsinstantmessagestobesenttoagroup
ofcontacts.
GroupKeyDistributionService(PN)~AnActiveDirectoryDomainServicesservice
thatprovidescryptographickeysthatcorrespondtoarbitrarysetsofsecurityprincipalsin
ADDStouserswhoareauthorizedtoaccessthosekeys.
grouplevel(n)~Thedepthatwhichagroupinareportordataaccesspageisnested
insideothergroups.Groupsarenestedwhenasetofrecordsisgroupedbymorethanone
field,expression,orgrouprecordsource.
groupmember(n)~AcontactwithinagroupintheContactslist.
groupmetrics(n)~Dataaboutthesizeofadistributiongroupandwhethertherecipients
includepeoplewhoareoutofofficeorexternaltotheorganization.
groupmoderator(n)~Apersonwhoisassignedtheabilitytoapproveandrejectany
messagessenttoapublicgrouporadynamicdistributiongroup.
groupname(n)~AuniquenameidentifyingalocalgrouporaglobalgrouptoWindows.
Agroup’snamecannotbeidenticaltoanyothergroupnameorusernameinitsown
domainorcomputer.
groupname(n)~AuniquenamethatidentifiesagroupofcontactsintheContactslist.
groupnamingpolicy(n)~Atemplateappliedtothedistributiongroupnamesinyour
MicrosoftExchangeorganization.Specifically,youcanspecifythataprefix,asuffix,or
bothbeappliedtoalldistributiongroupnames.Youcanalsoblockcertainwordsfrom
beingusedinthenames.
groupnesting(n)~Afieldofagroupdefinitionthatspecifieswhetherthegroupwill
containthenamesofothergroupsasmembersofthecurrentgroup.
groupofpictures(n)~Agroupofsuccessivepictures,startingwithanI-frameand
followedbyzeroormorepredicted(PandB)pictures.
groupowner(n)~Apersonauthorizedtomanageandmakecertainchangestoagroup,
suchastoapproveamembershiprequest.
GroupPolicy(n)~AfeatureintroducedwithWindows2000thatallowsadministratorsto
enforcecomputer-specificanduser-specificsettingstodomain-basedcomputers.
GroupPolicyClient(n)~AlocalservicethatqueriesActiveDirectoryatpolicy
applicationtime(atboot/logonorscheduledintervals)forthepolicyobjectswhichpertain
toitandappliesthem.
grouppolicyengine(n)~Theframeworkthathandlescommonfunctionalitiesacross
client-sideextensionsincludingschedulingofGroupPolicyapplication,obtainingGPOs
fromrelevantconfigurationlocations,andfilteringandorderingofGPOs.
GroupPolicyManagement(PN)~AnadministrativetooldesignedtomanageGroup
Policyacrossanenterprise.Thisincludesday-to-daytasks,suchascreating,deleting,
linking,andcopyingGroupPolicyobjects(GPOs),aswellassettingsecurityonGPOs.
TheGroupPolicyManagementsnap-inalsoprovidesreportingofGPOpolicysettings,as
wellasextendedlifecyclefunctionssuchasbackupandrestoreofGPOs.
GroupPolicyManagementConsole(n)~Anadministrativetoolusedtomanageandedit
domain-basedGroupPolicyobjects.
GroupPolicyManagementEditor(PN)~Theeditorwindowusedtoeditdomain-based
GroupPolicyintheGroupPolicyManagementConsole.
GroupPolicyModeling(PN)~AtoolinGroupPolicyManagementconsolethat
simulateswhatGroupPolicysettingsareapplied,givenaspecificsetofcriteria,including
locationofuserorcomputerobjectinthedirectory,securitygroupmembership,andstatus
ofWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)filters.YoucanuseGroupPolicy
Modelingtotestnewpolicydeploymentsbeforeyoudeploythem.Alsoknownas
ResultantSetofPolicy-€”PlanningMode.
GroupPolicyObjectEditor(PN)~TheMicrosoftManagementConsolesnap-inusedto
editGroupPolicyobjects.
GroupPolicyobjectlink(n)~AmethodofapplyingsettingsinaGroupPolicyobject
(GPO)toanActiveDirectorycontainer(site,domain,ororganizationalunit).Linkinga
GPOappliesthesettingsofthatGPOtotheusersandcomputersinasite,domain,or
organizationalunitand,bydefault,totheusersandcomputersinallchildcontainers.
GroupPolicyResults(PN)~AtoolinGroupPolicyManagementconsolethatgathers
informationaboutwhichGroupPolicysettingshaveactuallybeenappliedtoaspecific
computer,user,orboth.YoucanusethistooltotroubleshoottheapplicationofGroup
Policysettings.AlsoknownasResultantSetofPolicy—LoggingMode.
GroupPolicySecuritySettings(PN)~ThesubtreesoftheGroupPolicyObjectEditor
thatallowasecurityadministratortomanuallyconfiguresecuritylevelsassignedtoa
GroupPolicyobject(GPO)orlocalcomputerpolicy.
GroupPolicySoftwareInstallation(PN)~Anextensiontotheeditorthataccompanies
theGroupPolicyManagementConsole(GPMC).Theextensionisusedtodeploy
softwarepackagesbyusingadomain-basedGroupPolicyobject.
groupprefix(n)~Agroupnamethatappearstotheleftofthe@symbolfollowedbythe
Windows-domainname.Forexample,inthegroupname[email protected]’
groupscope(n)~ThevalueoftheActiveDirectorypropertythatdeterminestheallowed
membershipinthegroup,andtheresourcesthatmaybesecuredbythegroup.The
allowedvaluesareglobal,universal,anddomainlocal.
groupscreensharing(n)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstosharetheirdesktopswith
severalcontactsatonetime.
grouptext(n)~Atextmessagethreadbetweenagroupofpeople(usuallymorethan2).It
allowsyoutokeepalltherepliesfrompeopleinonethread,sothatyoucanseethewhole
conversation.
grouptheming(n)~Afeaturethatenablesgroupownerstochangetheirgroup’simage
andcolorsforabetterrepresentation.
grouptransition(n)~Anoutgoingtransitionsegmentwithanoutgoingarrowthatbegins
onthestatecontextandhasnochainedincomingtransition.
grouptype(n)~Thevaluethatspecifieswhetherthegroupisusedfore-maildistribution,
securingresources,orboth.
groupvalidationactivity(n)~Aworkflowactivitythatdetermineswhetheragroup
managementrequestwouldviolatetheILMorActiveDirectoryconfigurationorpolicy.
groupvideo(n)~AfeaturethatallowscallswithatleastthreeSkypeuserswhereatleast
oneparticipantshowsvideo.
groupvideocalling(n)~AfeaturethatallowscallswithatleastthreeSkypeuserswhere
atleastoneparticipantshowsvideo.
groupwindow(n)~Adrawingwindowyoucanopentoeditindividualcomponentsofa
group.Thegroupappearsunrotatedinthegroupwindowevenifitisrotatedonthe
drawingpage.
GroupWorkSite(PN)~Ateamsitetemplatethatprovidesgroupcollaboration
capabilitiesbasedonstandardbusinesspractices.Integratedfunctionsincludeagroup
calendar,Whereabouts,Announcements,PhoneCallMemo,andScheduleand
Reservations.
groupedcontrols(n)~Twoormorecontrolsthatcanbetreatedasoneunitwhile
designingaformorreport.Youcanselectthegroupinsteadofselectingeachindividual
controlasyou’rearrangingcontrolsorassigningproperties.
GroupedGrid(PN)~AgroupedandorderedlistofHTMLblocksinListView.
GroupedList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupsandsub-groupsof
information,orstepsandsub-stepsinatask,process,orworkflow.Level1text
correspondstothetop-levelhorizontalshapes,andLevel2textcorrespondstovertical
sub-stepsundereachrelatedtop-levelshape.Workswellforemphasizingsub-groupsor
sub-steps,hierarchicalinformation,ormultiplelistsofinformation.
grouping(n)~Asetofdatathatisgroupedtogetherinareport.
grouping(n)~Theprocessofcollapsingsearchresultsthatsharethesamevaluefora
givenmanagedpropertyorgroupidentifier.
groupingpane(n)~Theareaofthegroupingwindowinwhichmostuserinteraction
takesplace.
GroupLens(PN)~AcommonlyuseddatasetformovierecommendationinaMahout
compatibleformatprovidedbyGroupLensResearch,headedbyfacultyfromthe
departmentofcomputerscienceandengineeringattheUniversityofMinnesotaand
partiallyfundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.
group-levelsetting(n)~OneofthesettingsthatBizTalkadministratorscanmodifyinthe
BizTalkSettingsDashboard.Examplesincludepropertiesliketheconfigurationrefresh
interval,maximummessagebatchsize,andgroup-leveltracking.
Groups(PN)~ThelinktotheonlinecommunitiesonWindowsLiveGroups.
Groups(PN)~
groupware(n)~Softwareintendedtoenableagroupofusersonanetworktocollaborate
onaparticularproject.Groupwaremayprovideservicesforcommunication(suchase-
mail),collaborativedocumentdevelopment,scheduling,andtracking.Documentsmay
includetext,images,orotherformsofinformation.
groupware~Softwaretoolsandtechnologytosupportgroupsofpeopleworkingtogether
onaproject,oftenatdifferentsites
groupware~
growthrate(n)~Theamountofgrowthofanaccountwithinasetamountoftime.
GRS(n)~Storageofdataintwolocationswithinthesamegeo.
GrundsätzezumDatenzugriffundzurPrüfbarkeitdigitalerUnterlagen(oth)~A
Germanlawthatrequirestaxauthoritiestobecapableofdigitallycheckingdatafrom
electronicbookkeepingsystems.
Grunge(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#6.
GRUU(n)~AURIthataSIPprogramcanusetorouteacalltoaspecificagent.
GSM(n)~Adigitalcellularphonetechnology(standard)firstdeployedin1992.GSM
usesnarrowbandTDMA,whichallowseightsimultaneouscallsonthesameradio
frequency.
GSMnetwork(n)~AnetworkusedbyphonesthathaveSIMcards.
GSS-API(n)~AgenericAPIforperformingclient-serverauthenticationthatcanbe
implementedoveranyauthenticationsystem.GSS-APImakesitpossibleforapplications
tousethesameAPIwithdifferentauthenticationmechanisms.
GST(PN)~Avalue-addedtaxleviedinsomecountries/regions.
GTIN(n)~A14-digitdatastructureusedtouniquelyidentifytradeitems,products,and
servicesataunitlevel.
g-tube(n)~Atubeusedtoprovidenutritiontopatientswhoareunabletoobtainnutrition
bymouth.
guard(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,aconditionthatspecifieswhenaneventcan
takeplace.Wheneveritseventfires,aguardisevaluatedonlyonce.
guard(n)~Aclausethatspecifiesanadditionalconditionthatthevariablemustsatisfyto
matchapattern.
guardclause(n)~Aclausethatspecifiesanadditionalconditionthatthevariablemust
satisfytomatchapattern.
guest(n)~Auserwhodoesnothaveauseraccountorwhodoesnotprovideapassword.
guest(n)~Thesoftwarethatisrunningwithinavirtualmachine(i.e.,guestoperating
systemsandguestapplications).
guestaccess(n)~Atypeofaccessthatallowsvisitorstousetheirowndesktopcomputers
onlimitedresources(suchastheInternetorLANprinters)withoutcompromisinga
company’sinternalnetworksecurity.
Guestaccount(n)~Abuilt-inaccountusedtologontoacomputerrunningWindows
whenauserdoesnothaveanaccountonthecomputerordomainorinanyofthedomains
trustedbythecomputersdomain.
guestlink(n)~Auniquelinkthatprovidesexternalusersanonymousaccesstoselected
documentsstoredinSharePointOnline,withnosigninrequired.
GuestMode(PN)~Anaccountattributionthatallowsuserstousethecomputerinthe
exploratorymodewhichwillautomaticallydiscardchangesandactionsuponlogoff.
GuestModecanbeappliedtothestandarduseraccountinWindows7enablingPC
ownerstosafelysharethecomputerwithguests,children,orotherfamilymember,witha
peaceofmindknowingnodamagingchangesorunauthorizeddiskwriteswillbemadeto
theircomputer.
guestoperatingsystem(n)~Theoperatingsystemrunningonavirtualmachine.
guestoperatingsystemprofile(n)~Alibraryresourcecontainingthemostcommon
settingsfromaSysprep.inffile,includingthecomputernameanddomainorworkgroup
settings,whichcanbeappliedtoavirtualmachinetemplate.
guestOS(n)~Theoperatingsystemrunningonavirtualmachine.
guestbook(n)~AmoduleinSpaceswherevisitorscanleavecomments.
Guestbook(PN)~Thecheckboxcustomersselecttoincludetheirguestbookinthe
updatesthattheyshareaboutthemselves.ThistextlinkstoSpaces.
GUI(n)~Adisplayformat,likethatofWindows,thatrepresentsaprogram’sfunctions
withgraphicimagessuchasbuttonsandicons.GUIsenableausertoperformoperations
andmakechoicesbypointingandclickingwithamouse.
GUI~(GraphicalUserInterface;pr.‘gooey’)-meansthataprogram’scontrolsare
representedpictorially,withsymbols,buttonsandsoforth,andmostlycontrolledby
pointingandclickingwithamouseratherthanhavingtotypeintextcommands.Almost
allmodernsoftwareisGUIcontrolled.(seealso-Windows,WYSIWYG).
GUID(n)~A16-bytevaluegeneratedfromtheuniqueidentifieronadevice,thecurrent
dateandtime,andasequencenumber.Itisusedtoidentifyaparticulardevice,
component,user,orsession.
GUIDpartitiontable(n)~Adisk-partitioningschemethatisusedbytheExtensible
FirmwareInterface(EFI).GPToffersmoreadvantagesthanmasterbootrecord(MBR)
partitioningbecauseitallowsupto128partitionsperdisk,providessupportforvolumes
upto18exabytesinsize,allowsprimaryandbackuppartitiontablesforredundancy,and
supportsuniquediskandpartitionIDs(GUIDs).
guide(n)~Anon-printinglineorpointthatcanbeusedtohelppositionoralignobjectsor
text.
guidepoint(n)~Aguideconsistingoftwoshort,intersectinglinesthatcanbeplaced
anywhereonadrawingpageoronashape.
GuidedHelp(n)~Aninteractivehelptopicthatnotonlydescribeshowtoaccomplisha
task,butalsocompletesit.GuidedHelpcaneitherperformthetaskautomaticallyorshow
usershowtodoitbyleadingthemthrougheachstep.
guidelineaward(n)~Forincreasesinfixedpayrateorvariableawards,thecalculated
awardafterperformancefactors(orleverages)areappliedtothebudgetedortargetaward.
guidelineincrease(n)~Forincreasesinfixedpayrateorvariableawards,thecalculated
increaseafterperformancefactors(orleverages)areappliedtothebudgetedortarget
award.
GumdropButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectagumdropdecorationfortheircake.
gutter(n)~Theblankareabetweentwoormorecolumnsoftextorbetweentwofacing
pagesinapublication.
guttermargin(n)~Amarginsettingthataddsextraspacetothesideortopmarginofa
documentyouplantobind.Aguttermarginensuresthattextisn’tobscuredbythe
binding.
GxPcriticalrecord(n)~AnelectronicrecordconsideredcriticalbytheFDA.
GxPPredicateRules(n)~FDArulingsthatareobservedwithinthepharmaceutical
industry.
gyroscope(n)~Asensorformeasuringrotationalvelocity,ororientation.
H~
H.264(PN)~AnInternationalTelecommunicationsUnion(ITU)digitalvideostandard
withahighlevelofdatacompressionthatcanpotentiallyprovidefull-motionvideoover
wireless,satellite,andADSLInternetconnections.
H.x~Aseriesofcomputingstandardsfromthe-ITU.e.g.H.323:astandardin1996to
promotecompatibilityinvideoconferencetransmissionsover-IP-networks.
haa(n)~Nameofthe26thletterintheArabicalphabet.Thesoundissimilartothatofthe
letterHinEnglish.
HAB(n)~AfeatureofOutlookthatallowsmembersofanorganizationtobedisplayedin
atreeviewcontrol,groupedbydepartment.
Hack/hacker~Termusedtodescribetheunauthorisedaccessofacomputerasameans
togaininformationthatthehackerisnotentitledtoortoaccessservicesandfacilitiesfor
maliciouspurposes.
Hack/hacker~Originallyusedtodescribeacomputerenthusiastwhopushedasystem
toitshighestperformancethroughcleverprogramming.Morecommonlyitisbecoming
synonymouswith‘cracker’whichisusedtodescribepeoplewhobreakintosecured
computersystems.
Hack/hacker~Anexpertprogrammerwholikestospendalotoftimefiguringoutthe
finerdetailsofcomputersystemsornetworks,asopposedtothosewholearnonlythe
minimumnecessary.
hacker(n)~Aprogrammerorcomputeruserwhoattemptsillegalaccesstoacomputer
systemornetwork.
Hacker~Personwhousescomputerstoaccess(‘hack’)systemstheyarenotsupposedto
haveaccessto,egotherpeople’sfinancialdetails,personnelfiles,militarysecretsetc.
Hackingcangetyouarrested.
haemophilusinfluenzaetypebvaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstserious
infectionscausedbyatypeofbacteriacalledHaemophilusinfluenzaetypeb,suchas
meningitisandpneumonia.
HAL(n)~Athinlayerofsoftwareprovidedbythehardwaremanufacturerthathides,or
abstracts,hardwaredifferencesfromhigherlayersoftheoperatingsystem.Bymeansof
thefilterprovidedbytheHAL,differenttypesofhardwarelookaliketotherestofthe
operatingsystem.Thisenablestheoperatingsystemtobeportablefromonehardware
platformtoanother.TheHALalsoprovidesroutinesthatenableasingledevicedriverto
supportthesamedeviceonallplatforms.
half-duplex(adj)~Oforpertainingtotwo-waycommunicationthattakesplaceinonly
onedirectionatatime.
half-duplex(n)~Two-wayelectroniccommunicationthattakesplaceinonlyone
directionatatime.
halftone(n)~Aprintedreproduction,typicallyofaphotographicimage,thatusesascreen
ofdotswhosesizevariesdependingonthedensityoftheimage.
half-widthcharacter(n)~Inadouble-bytecharacterset,acharacterthatisrepresented
byonebyteandtypicallyhasafull-widthvariant.
Halo~Alightlinearoundobjectedgesinanimage,producedbytheUSM(sharpening)
technique.
hammeringattack(n)~Akeysearchattackinwhichanunauthorizeduserguessesata
PINorpasswordmanytimes.
HAND~(HaveANiceDay)-Internetslang,oftenusedironically.
handheld(n)~Asinglehandeddeviceusedinanumberofindustries,includingretail,
hospitality,healthcare,manufacturing,andautomotive.
handheldscanner(n)~Atypeofscannerusedasfollows:theuserpassesthescanhead,
containedwithinahandheldunit,overthemediumbeingscanned,suchasapieceof
paper.
hand-heldscanner(n)~Atypeofscannerusedasfollows:theuserpassesthescanhead,
containedwithinahandheldunit,overthemediumbeingscanned,suchasapieceof
paper.
handle(n)~Auserinterfacecontrolthatfacilitatesmodificationofanobject’s
appearance,position,orbehavior.
handle(n)~Apointertoapointer;thatis,avariablethatcontainstheaddressofanother
variable,whichinturncontainstheaddressofthedesiredobject.
handle(n)~Anytokenthataprogramcanusetoidentifyandaccessanobjectsuchasa
device,afile,awindow,oradialogbox.
handlecount(n)~InTaskManager,thenumberofobjecthandlesinaprocess`sobject
table.
handler(n)~Aroutinethatmanagesacommonandrelativelysimpleconditionor
operation,suchaserrorrecoveryordatamovement.
handler(n)~ACOMobjectthatprovidesfunctionalityforaShellitem.
handlingunit(n)~Auniquelyidentifiablelogisticsunitofmaterialthatcanbe
transferred,stored,received,andshipped.
handoff(n)~Aprocessbywhichanadministratorcanmanuallymoveaclusteredmailbox
serverbetweennodesinacluster.AhandoffshouldonlybeperformedbyusingtheMove-
ClusteredMailboxServercmdletintheExchangeManagementShell.
handoffanimation(n)~Amethodofblendinganimationstoryboardstogethersothatthe
transitionissmooth.Forexample,ifoneanimationisrunningwheninterruptedbya
secondanimationthatmodifiesthesameproperty,thesecondanimationpicksupatthe
currentvalueoftheanimatedpropertyinsteadofjumpingtoastaticstartingpoint.Thisis
achievedbynotsettingakeyframeatthe0-secondmarkofthesecondanimation.
handout(n)~Aprintedversionofapresentationthatcanincludemultipleslidesperpage
andspaceforaudiencenotes.
handoutsfolder(n)~Storageallocatedonaper-meetingbasisontheconferencecenter
serverforhandouts.
HandsFree(PN)~Afeaturethatallowshands-freecommunicationbyusingaheadset.
handset(n)~Thepartofatelephonethatincludesaspeakerandavoicetransmitterand
thatyouholdwithyourhanduptoyourear.
hands-freeinstallation(n)~Aninstallationthatrunsunattendedanddoesnotrequireany
userinputafterithasbeenstarted.
hands-freekit(n)~Wirelessphoneaccessorythatallowsuserstomakecallswithout
holdingthephone.Abasickitincludesaheadsetoranearpiecewithamicrophone.More
elaboratesetsforuseinautomobilesmayincludeapoweramplifier,dashboard
microphone,phonecradle,andspeakers.
hands-freesetup(n)~Aninstallationthatrunsunattendedanddoesnotrequireanyuser
inputafterithasbeenstarted.
handshake(n)~Aprocessthattwodevicesusetobegincommunicating.Onedevice
sendsamessagetotheother,signalingthatitwantstocommunicate.Anumberof
messagesareexchangedtoestablishtherulestheywilluseforcommunication.
Handshake~Exchangeofpredeterminedsignalsbetweentwodevicesestablishinga
connection.
handwriting(n)~Textthatisenteredbydrawingorwritingonascreen,ratherwitha
keyboard.
handwritingdictionary(n)~Alargedictionaryofcommonwordsandhandwriting
samples.Thereisaseparatehandwritingdictionaryforeachpersonwhologsontoa
TabletPC.TabletPCInputPanelcanconvertyourhandwritingtothewordsand
charactersthatareinthehandwritingdictionary.Youcanaddyourownwords,suchas
namesandacronyms,toyourdictionary.
handwritingpanel(n)~Theinputpanelwhereuserscaninputtextthroughhandwriting.
Thesystemconvertsthehandwritingtotextthatuserscaninsertintotheactivetextarea.
handwritingrecognition(n)~Theabilityofaprogramtointerprethandwrittentextand
convertitintocomputer-readabletext.Handwritingrecognitionprogramsacceptinput
fromapenorotherhandwritinginputdevice,notfromakeyboard.
Handwritingrecognitionpersonalizationtool(n)~AfeatureofWindowsVistafor
TabletPCthatallowsuserstotailorhandwritingrecognitionresultstotheirownpersonal
handwritingstyle.
handwritingrecognizer(n)~Afeaturethatconvertswritingintotypedtext.
handwritingsample(n)~Anexampleoftheuser’shandwritingthatisusedin
handwritingrecognition.
hangup(v)~Toendacall.
HangUp(v)~AbuttononAudioControlsandPhoneControlsthatdisconnectsthe
currentcall.
hangingindent(n)~Paragraphformattinginwhichthesecondandsubsequentlinesofa
paragraphareindentedmorethanthefirstline.
Haptic~Hapticisthescienceandphysiologyofthesenseoftouch.-more…
hardaffinity(n)~Amechanismbywhichathreadcanonlyrunonafixedsetofoneor
moreprocessors.
hardbooking(n)~Aprojectbookingthatcommitsaresourcetoaprojectoractivity,
usuallyforaspecifiedperiodoftimeonaprojectschedule.
hardcopy(n)~Printedoutputonpaper,film,orotherpermanentmedium.
harddelete(n)~Theprocessofpermanentlyremovinganitemfromthestoreormoving
ittothedumpsterwhendumpsterfunctionalityisenabled.Thedumpsteris
enabled/disabledbymeansofaregistrysettingonthecomputerrunningExchange.
harddisk(n)~Aninflexibleplattercoatedwithmaterialinwhichdatacanberecorded
magneticallywithread/writeheads.
Harddisk~Acomputer’smain(andfastestandmostconvenient)storageforprograms
anddata.Originallynamedtodistinguishitfromfloppydisks.AlmostallPCsarefitted
withharddisks,sometimesmorethanone.Thefirst(oronly)harddiskisusuallycalled
C:bythecomputer,forhistoricalreasons.
harddiskdrive(n)~Ahardwaredevice,oralogicalpartitionofit,thatreadsdatafrom
andwritesdatatoharddisks.
hardlink(n)~Adirectoryentryforafile.
hardmount(n)~TheprocessesduringwhichanNFSclientwillinfinitelytrytomounta
filesystemtomakeitavailableforaccess.NFSclientswhichhardmountafilesystem
couldencounterproblemsiftheNFSserverbecomesunavailable.
hardpage-breakrenderer(n)~Arenderingextensionthatmaintainsthereportlayout
andformattingsothattheresultingfileisoptimizedforaconsistentprintingexperience,
ortoviewthereportonlineinabookformat.
hardquota(n)~Aquotathatpreventsusersfromsavingfilesafterthespacelimitis
reached,andgeneratesnotificationswhenthevolumeofdatareacheseachconfigured
threshold.
hardrecovery(n)~Theprocessthatchangesarestoreddatabasebacktoaconsistentstate
byplayingtransactionsintothedatabasefromtransactionlogfiles.
hardreset(n)~Atypeofresetonamobiledevicethatclearsallinstalledsoftwareand
restoresthedevicetoitsoriginalfactoryconfiguration.
hardreturn(n)~Acharacterinputbytheusertoindicatethatthecurrentlineoftextisto
endandanewlineistobegin.Inword-processingprogramsthatautomaticallybreaklines
withinthemarginsofapage,ahardreturnindicatestheendofaparagraph.Intext-entry
programsthatlackwordwrap,ontheotherhand,ahardreturnisrequiredtoendeachline,
andoftentwoormorehardreturnsareneededtoendaparagraph.
HardRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#79.
hard-coded~Referringtoinstructionsthatarewrittendirectlyintoaprogramand
thereforecannotbeeasilymodified,ratherthaninstructionsthatcanbemodifiedbya
user.
hard-coding(n)~Theprocessofputtingstringorcharacterliteralsinthemainbodyof
code,insteadofinexternalresourcefiles.
hard-coding(n)~Basingnumericconstantsontheassumedlengthofastring;
assumptionsaboutlanguageorculture-specificmattersfixedinthecode-e.g.,string
length,dateformats,etc.
Hardcore(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#129.
hardening(n)~Theuseofphysicalandfirmwaremodificationsthatmakethehardware
moredifficulttoalterwithoutdamagingthehardware.Thesemodificationscanalso
preventhackingthatcandisablethemeteringofaprepaidorsubscriptioncomputer.
Hardening~Hardeningistheprocessofidentifyingandfixingvulnerabilitiesona
system.
hardware(n)~Thephysicalcomponentsofacomputersystem,includinganyperipheral
equipmentsuchasprinters,modems,andmousedevices.
Hardware~Thephysicalpartsofacomputer.
hardwareabstractionlayer(n)~Athinlayerofsoftwareprovidedbythehardware
manufacturerthathides,orabstracts,hardwaredifferencesfromhigherlayersofthe
operatingsystem.BymeansofthefilterprovidedbytheHAL,differenttypesofhardware
lookaliketotherestoftheoperatingsystem.Thisenablestheoperatingsystemtobe
portablefromonehardwareplatformtoanother.TheHALalsoprovidesroutinesthat
enableasingledevicedrivertosupportthesamedeviceonallplatforms.
hardwareacceleration(n)~Theuseofcomputerhardwaredesignedtoaccelerate
computerfunctions.
HardwareandDevicestroubleshooter(n)~Atroubleshooterthathelpsfindandfix
problemsabouthardwareanddevices.
hardwarebranch(n)~Thehardwarearchiverootkeyintheregistrythatisasupersetof
thememory-residenthardwaretree.Althoughthehardwaretreecontainsinformationonly
aboutthosedevicescurrentlydetectedandrunninginthesystem,theregistrycontainsa
completelistofallhardwareeverinstalledontheparticularcomputer.Thehardwareroot
keyis\HKEY-LOCAL-MACHINE\Hardware.
hardwarebutton(n)~Abuttononapieceofhardware.
HardwareCompatibilityList(n)~Aregistryofproductsthathavebeentestedby
MicrosoftWindowsHardwareQualityLabs(WHQL).TheseproductspassedWindows
compatibilitytesting.
HardwareCompatibilityTestkit(n)~Acollectionofteststhatverifyhardwareand
devicedriveroperationsunderaspecificoperatingsituationonMicrosoftWindows
operatingsystems.Thetestsexercisethecombinationofadevice,asoftwaredriver,and
anoperatingsystemundercontrolledconditionsandverifythatallcomponentsoperate
properly.
hardwarecompression(n)~Afeatureavailableonsometapedevicesthatautomatically
compressesthedatathatisbeingstoredonthedevice.Thisisusuallyanoptionthatis
turnedonoroffinabackupprogram.
hardwareconfiguration(n)~Resourcesettingsthathavebeenallocatedforaspecific
device.Eachdeviceonyourcomputerhasahardwareconfiguration,whichcanconsistof
interruptrequest(IRQ)lines,directmemoryaccess(DMA),aninput/output(I/O)port,or
memoryaddresssettings.
hardwaredashboardaccount(n)~Anaccountthatisrequiredtosubmithardware
certificationpackages,devicemetadata,servicemetadata,anddriversforWindows.
hardwarefailure(n)~Amalfunctionofaphysicalcomponentsuchasadiskheadfailure
ormemoryerror.
hardwarehistory(n)~Historicalhardwareinventorydataofaclient.Youcanbrowsea
client’shardwarehistorybyopeningitsHardwareHistoryfolderinResourceExplorer.
hardwareID(n)~Themostspecificdeviceidentifierthatthevendorofthedevice
defines.
hardwareinterface(n)~Acard,plug,orotherdevicethatconnectspiecesofhardware
withthecomputersothatinformationcanbemovedfromplacetoplace.Forexample,
standardizedinterfacessuchasRS-232-CstandardandSCSIenablecommunications
betweencomputersandprintersordisks.
HardwareInventoryClientAgent(PN)~AcomponentoftheSMS/Configuration
Managerhardwareinventoryfeature.ItisaprogramrunningonanSMS/Configuration
Managerclientthatgathersdetailedinformation-aboutthehardwareinuseontheclient.
HardwareLockedMode(n)~Amodeinwhichthecomputerisnotunderthecontrolof
theoperatingsystem;rather,thebootsequenceishaltedatafirmwarescreenandtheuser
istoldtocallcustomersupport.
hardwareoverlay(n)~Amethodtorenderimagestoadisplaywithadedicatedmemory
bufferinsidevideohardware.
hardwareprofile(n)~Datathatdescribestheconfigurationandcharacteristicsofspecific
computerequipment.Thisinformationcanbeusedtoconfigurecomputersforusing
peripheraldevices.
hardwareprofile(n)~Alibraryresourcecontaininghardwarespecificationsthatcanbe
appliedtoanewvirtualmachineoravirtualmachinetemplate.Ahardwareprofilecan
containspecificationsforCPU,memory,networkadapters,aDVDdrive,afloppydrive,
COMports,andtheprioritygiventhevirtualmachinewhenallocatingresourcesona
virtualmachinehost.
hardwarerouter(n)~Arouterthatperformsroutingasadedicatedfunctionandhas
specifichardwaredesignedandoptimizedforrouting.
hardwaresecuritymodule(n)~Asecuredevicethatprovidescryptographiccapabilities,
typicallybyprovidingprivatekeysusedinPublic-keycryptography.
hardwarethread(n)~Ahardwareelementthatexecutesastreamofinstructions.
hardwaretoken(n)~Asecuredevicethatprovidescryptographiccapabilities,typically
byprovidingprivatekeysusedinPublic-keycryptography.
hardwaretree(n)~ArecordinRAMofthecurrentsystemconfigurationbasedonthe
informationforalldevicesinthehardwarebranchoftheregistry.Thehardwaretreeis
createdeachtimethesystemisstartedorwheneveradynamicchangeoccurstothe
systemconfiguration.
hardwaretype(n)~Aclassificationforsimilardevices.Forexample,ImagingDeviceis
ahardwaretypefordigitalcamerasandscanners.
hardwareversion(n)~Anumberthatidentifiesthetypeofcomputerhardwarethatis
responsibleformeteringandsecuringacomputer.
hardware-assistedvirtualization(n)~Avirtualizationmethodthattakesadvantageof
theprocessorassistedvirtualizationsupportthatisavailablewithrecentprocessor
technology.
HarmonisedSalesTax(PN)~Avalue-addedtax(VAT)leviedinsomeCanadian
provincesthatcombinestheGoodsandServicesTax(GST)andtheprovisionalsalestax.
HasFloorstatus(v)~Astatusgivenbythepresentertoameetingparticipantwhohas
askedaquestionbyusingtheQuestionsandAnswerspanesothatanonlinechatsession
betweentheparticipantandpresenterisdisplayedtoallmeetingparticipants.
hash(n)~InmanyFTPclientprograms,acommandthatinstructstheFTPclientto
displayapoundsign(#)eachtimeitsendsorreceivesablockofdata.
hash(n)~Afixed-sizeresultthatisobtainedbyapplyingaone-waymathematical
function(sometimescalledahashalgorithm)toanarbitraryamountofdata.Ifthereisa
changeintheinputdata,thehashchanges.Thehashcanbeusedinmanyoperations,
includingauthenticationanddigitalsigning.
hash~Ascrambled,orencrypted,formofapasswordorothertext.
hashalgorithm(n)~Analgorithmthatproducesahashvalueofsomepieceofdata,such
asamessageorsessionkey.Withagoodhashalgorithm,changesintheinputdatacan
changeeverybitintheresultinghashvalue;forthisreason,hashesareusefulindetecting
anymodificationinadataobject,suchasamessage.Furthermore,agoodhashalgorithm
makesitcomputationallyinfeasibletoconstructtwoindependentinputsthathavethe
samehash.TypicalhashalgorithmsincludeMD2,MD4,MD5,andSHA-1.
hashbucket(n)~Abucketwhichcontainsallindexkeysandcorrespondingrowsthat
hashtothesamevalue.
hashcode(n)~Afixed-sizeresultthatisobtainedbyapplyingaone-waymathematical
function(sometimescalledahashalgorithm)toanarbitraryamountofdata.Ifthereisa
changeintheinputdata,thehashchanges.Thehashcanbeusedinmanyoperations,
includingauthenticationanddigitalsigning.
hashfunction(n)~Analgorithmthatproducesahashvalueofsomepieceofdata,such
asamessageorsessionkey.Withagoodhashalgorithm,changesintheinputdatacan
changeeverybitintheresultinghashvalue;forthisreason,hashesareusefulindetecting
anymodificationinadataobject,suchasamessage.Furthermore,agoodhashalgorithm
makesitcomputationallyinfeasibletoconstructtwoindependentinputsthathavethe
samehash.TypicalhashalgorithmsincludeMD2,MD4,MD5,andSHA-1.
hashjoin(n)~Ajoinalgorithmthatimplementsajoinusingahashtabletocomparerows
fromthetwosources.
hashpartitioning(n)~AwayofpartitioningatableorindexbyallowingSQLServerto
applyaninternalhashalgorithmtospreadrowsacrosspartitionsbasedonthenumberof
partitionsspecifiedandthevaluesofoneormorepartitioningcolumns.
hashtable(n)~Adatastructurethatcarriesoutamathematicalcalculationonafield
identifiertodeterminewhereadataelementinalargetableorindexislocated.
hassle-free(adj)~Withoutdifficulty,troubleoraggravation.
HAT(n)~Auserinterfacethatenablesspecifieddatatobetracked.Thisinterfacecanbe
usedtomonitorthehealthoftheBizTalkserverfarmandtotrackandviewspecificevents
andmessages.
hatswitch(n)~Movementpadonajoystickthatgives3Dgamesplayerstheabilityto
pantheviewwithatouchofthethumb.
hatch(n)~Shadingmadeupofregularlyspaced,intersectinglines.
hatespeech(n)~Wordsorphrasesthatconveyhatredorcontemptorisintendedto
intimidateorcauseharmtoagroupofpeoplebasedonrace,religion,ethnicorigin,sexual
orientationordisability.
Hatespeech(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
HCK(PN)~Thetestautomationframeworkusedtocertifydevicesorsystemsfor
Windows.
HCL(n)~AregistryofproductsthathavebeentestedbyMicrosoftWindowsHardware
QualityLabs(WHQL).TheseproductspassedWindowscompatibilitytesting.
HCTkit(n)~Acollectionofteststhatverifyhardwareanddevicedriveroperationsunder
aspecificoperatingsituationonMicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystems.Thetestsexercise
thecombinationofadevice,asoftwaredriver,andanoperatingsystemundercontrolled
conditionsandverifythatallcomponentsoperateproperly.
HD(PN)~Ahighdefinitionopticaldiscformatwhichusesasmallerfocusblue-violet
405nmlaserallowinghigherprecisionandstoragedensity.AcompetitortoBlu-rayDisc.
HDDVD(n)~Ahighdefinitionopticaldiscformatwhichusesasmallerfocusblue-violet
405nmlaserallowinghigherprecisionandstoragedensity.AcompetitortoBlu-rayDisc.
HDmovie(n)~Ahighdefinitionopticaldiscformatwhichusesasmallerfocusblue-
violet405nmlaserallowinghigherprecisionandstoragedensity.AcompetitortoBlu-ray
Disc.
HD,HDD~(HardDiskDrive)-Themaindatastorageunitinacomputer.Seeharddisk.
HDCD(n)~Apatentedencode/decodeprocessthatimprovesthequalityofallformsof
digitalaudiorecordingandplaybackbyincreasingresolutionandreducingdistortionthat
occursduringanalog-to-digital(A/D)anddigital-to-analog(D/A)conversion,digitalpro
HDCDLowLevelExtension(n)~Acompressor/expanderalgorithmthatproducesa
dynamicrangeandresolutionbeyondthecapabilityofthe16-bitstandard.
HDCDPeakExtension(n)~Asoftpeaklimiteralgorithmappliedtotheaudiosignalthat
allowsencodingofpeaksignallevelsupto6decibels(dB)above0decibelsfullscale
(dBfs)withoutclipping.
HDInsight(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzurebig-dataservicebasedonApacheHadoopthat
allowsyoutomanage,analyze,andreportonstructuredorunstructureddata.
HDL(n)~Aclassoflipoproteinsthatcarrycholesterolfromthebody’stissuestotheliver.
HDLC(n)~AprotocolforinformationtransferadoptedbytheISO.HDLCisabit-
oriented,synchronousprotocolthatappliestothedata-link(message-packaging)layer
(layer2oftheISO/OSIreferencemodel)forcomputer-to-microcomputer
communications.
HDMI(n)~Adigitalinterfacespecificationfordeliveringdigitalcontentandconnecting
consumerelectronicdevices.
HDTV(n)~Atypeoftelevisionthatprovidesmuchhigherresolution,sharpness,sound
quality,andpicturequalitythantraditionaltelevisions.HDTVscanusuallybeusedas
computermonitors.
head(n)~InHTML,asectionofcodingthatprecedesthebodyofadocumentandisused
todescribethedocumentitself(title,author,andsoon)ratherthantheelementswithinthe
document.
headnode(n)~Aserverthatprovidesmanagementandjobschedulingservicesto
computenodesinanHPCcluster.
header(n)~Oneormoreidentifyinglinesprintedatthetopofapage.Aheadermay
containapagenumber,adate,theauthor’sname,andthedocumenttitle,thenameof
chapter.
header(n)~Aninformationstructurethatprecedesandidentifiestheinformationthat
follows.
Header(PN)~TheSwaycardthatallowstheusertoselectoneormorepiecesortypesof
contentandchangewhatisselectedintoaheading.
header~AformattingstyledesignatedinHTMLbyaspecifictagandusedtosettitles
andsubtitlesapartfromplaintext.
headerfile(n)~Afilethatisidentifiedtobeincludedatthebeginningofaprogramina
languagesuchasCandthatcontainsthedefinitionsofdatatypesanddeclarationsof
variablesusedbythefunctionsintheprogram.
headerrow(n)~Thefirstrowinaspreadsheet.Theheaderrowcontainscategorylabels
thatdescribethecontentsofthecolumns.
headersource(n)~Adocumentthatcontainstheheaderrow(orheaderrecord)tobeused
withthedatasourcespecifiedforamail-mergemaindocument.
headeredcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatincludesachildelementthatlabelsthecontrol.
Headeredcontrolscaneitherincludecontent(headeredcontentcontrol),oracollectionof
items(headereditemscontrol).
heading(n)~Aparagraphstylethatdisplaystextinafontthatislargerthannormaltext.
headingstyle(n)~Formattingappliedtoaheading.MicrosoftOfficeWordhasnine
differentbuilt-instyles:Heading1throughHeading9.
headless(adj)~Notrequiringakeyboard,pointingdevice,ormonitorfordisplayorinput.
headlessqueue(n)~Aqueuetypeusedforreportsthatarereportedsilently.Itisutilized
whenauserisnottobenotifiedwhentheeventoccursorpriortoreportingtheevent.
headlessserver(n)~Aserverthatyoucanadministerbyusingadifferentcomputer.You
typicallyaccessthistypeofserverbyusinganetworkconnection.Aremotely
administeredservercanhavealocalkeyboard,mouse,orvideocardandmonitor.
HeadphoneVirtualizationmode(n)~Anaudioeffectsettingthatallowsuserswith
stereoheadphonestoexperiencestereoandmulti-channelcontentwithouttheneedtoset
upanextensivemulti-channelspeakersystem.
headroom(n)~Additionalcapacitythatallowsanetworktoaccommodateanincreasein
traffic.
headset(n)~Combinedearphoneandmicrophonesetthatenableshands-free
communication.
health(n)~InformationaboutaclientcomputerthatNetworkAccessProtection(NAP)
usestoallowordenyaccesstoanetworkandwhichisencapsulatedinastatementof
health(SoH),whichisissuedbyasystemhealthagent(SHA)ontheclientcomputer.
Health&Fitness(PN)~Anapplicationthatincludesexerciseandworkoutvideos;
nutritionalandmedicalreferences;andatrackerfordiet,exercise,andhealth.
Health&Fitness(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesnutrition,fitness,orgeneralwell-
being.
health+fitness(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesnutrition,fitness,orgeneralwell-
being.
healthanalyzer(n)~Anadministrativetoolthatexaminesacomputer,serverfarm,or
serverclusterandprovidesstatisticsthatindicatethedegreetowhichtheconfiguration
meetsexpecteddemands.
HealthandActivityTrackingtool(n)~Auserinterfacethatenablesspecifieddatatobe
tracked.ThisinterfacecanbeusedtomonitorthehealthoftheBizTalkserverfarmandto
trackandviewspecificeventsandmessages.
HealthAssessment(n)~AsubtabunderSystemHealthinCentroAdminConsolethat
helpstheusermonitorapplications,components,andserversforthepurposesof
preemptingorfixingproblems.
healthcertificate(n)~AnX.509certificatethatassertsthehealthofaclientcomputer.
Clientcomputerscanusethiscertificatetoprovetheiridentitiesandhealththrough
securityservicesandmechanismssuchasInternetProtocolsecurity(IPsec)andInternet
KeyExchange(IKE),whichrecognizetheX.509standard.
healthdevice(n)~Avarietyofhealthandfitnessdevicesthatcanbeconnectedwith
HealthVault,includingbloodpressuremonitors,peakflowmeters,bloodglucosemeters,
pedometers,andscales.
HealthExplorer(PN)~AfeatureofOperationsManagerthatallowsyoutoviewand
thentakeactiononalerts,statechanges,andothersignificantissuesgeneratedby
monitoringobjectsonyournetwork.
healthhistory(n)~Anassessmentofallcomponentsaffectingapatient’shealthstatus,
includinginformationaboutpsychologic,social,cultural,familial,andeconomicaspects
ofthepatient’slife.
HealthInsurancePortabilityandAccountabilityAct(n)~AUSfederallawthat
providesrightsandprotectionsforparticipantsandbeneficiariesingrouphealthplans.
HealthMonitor(PN)~AnapplicationincludedwithWindowsSmallBusinessServer
whichprovidesaviewofdatacollectedfromtheEventViewerandSystemmonitor.
healthmonitoring(n)~Theprocessofmonitoringapplications,components,andservers
onwhichaBizTalkServersolutionisimplementedforthepurposesofpreemptingor
fixingproblems.
healthpacket(n)~Adatastructurecontaininghealthinformationaboutpseudoand
physicallogicalunitnumbers(LUNs).
healthpolicy(n)~Acollectionofsoftwarerequirements,securityupdaterequirements,
andrequiredconfigurationsettingsforNAPclientcomputers.
healthpolicyvalidation(n)~TheprocessofverifyingthataNAPclientcomputermeets
yourdefinedhealthrequirements.
healthprovider(n)~Anindividualorinstitutionthatprovidespreventiveorcurative
healthcareservicestoindividualsorfamilies.
healthrecord(n)~Achronologicalwrittenrecordofapatient’sexaminationand
treatment,includingthepatient’smedicalhistory.
HealthRegistrationAuthority(n)~AcomponentofNetworkAccessProtection(NAP)
thatvalidatesstatementsofhealth(SoHs)andapprovestheissuanceofahealthcertificate
toclientsthatpasshealthpolicyverification.
HealthService(PN)~TheWindows-basedserviceresponsibleforexecutingmanagement
packsaspartoftheOperationsManageragentandservercomponents.
healthstate(n)~InreferencetoHealthcolumninResultspages,indicateswhether
thresholdsfordevicesortransactionsareexceeded.Healthisindicatedbyhealthalert
iconsinsimulationresults.
healthstatus(n)~Acollectionofstatisticsthatindicatesthedegreetowhichacomputer,
serverfarm,orserverclustermeetssecurity,capacity,performance,usage,andother
demands.
healthtrackingindicator(n)~Astatisticthatindicatesthedegreetowhichacomputer,
serverfarm,orserverclustermeetsaspecificdemandforthatconfiguration.Italso
indicateswhichloginformationtocopytoacentrallocationforreview.
healthcareprovider(n)~Anindividualorinstitutionthatprovidespreventiveorcurative
healthcareservicestoindividualsorfamilies.
HealthKit(PN)~Applesoftwareplatformforcollectingdatafromvarioushealthand
fitnessapps.
HealthVaultConnectionCenter(n)~HealthVaultConnectionCenterisautilityyoucan
usetoadddatatohealthrecordsinyourHealthVaultaccountfrompersonalhealthdevices
suchasheart-ratemonitors,bloodpressuremonitors,andsoon.
heap(n)~Aportionofmemoryreservedforaprogramtouseforthetemporarystorageof
datastructureswhoseexistenceorsizecannotbedetermineduntiltheprogramisrunning.
heapcorruption(n)~AtypeofcorruptionthataffectsthedataintheWindowsheap,such
asdamagescausedbyabufferoverrun,writingtoastraypointeroradouble-free.
heapmanager(n)~Aformofmemorymanagerthatisinvokedbyapplicationstoallocate
andfreememory(heaps)dynamically.
heaporB-tree(PN)~Atablestructurewhoseindexconfigurationcanbeeitheraheapor
ab-tree.
heappointer(n)~Anaddressofamemorylocationwithinthelocationsmanagedbythe
systemandbelongingtoaheap.AllWin32andNTlevelheapinterfacestakeasfirst
parameterapointertotheheapwheretheoperationshouldhappen.
HeartButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowstheplayerto
selectaheartdecorationfortheircake.
HeartPanButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectaheart-shapedpantobaketheircakein.
heartratemonitor(n)~Adeviceforobservationoftheheartfunction.
heartbeat(n)~Amessagegeneratedbyanagentthattellsitsmanagementserverthatthe
agentisfunctioning.ItalsoinformsOperationsManageraboutthecurrentrulesthatare
evaluatedbytheagent,andifitisnecessary,itrequestsupdates.
heartbeatchecking(n)~Theprocessofcheckingtheheartbeat.Theusercanspecifyhow
andhowoftentheheartbeatofanagentischecked.
HeartbeatDiscoverymethod(n)~AConfigurationManagerdiscoverymethodthatis
usedtoupdatedatadiscoveryrecords(DDRs)foreachConfigurationManagerclientona
setscheduletoensurethattheyremaincurrentinthesitedatabase.
heartbeatinterval(n)~TheamountoftimethatcanelapsebeforetheExchangeserver
asksamobiledevicerunningExchangeActiveSynctoconnectagain.
heat(n)~Ameasureoftherelativefrequencywithwhichdataisaccessed.
heatmap(n)~Atypeofmappresentationwheretheintensityofcolorforeachpolygon
correspondstotherelatedanalyticaldata.Forexample,lowvaluesinarangeappearas
blue(cold)andhighvaluesasred(hot).
heatsink~Ametalplateonsomeprocessorsthathelpsdissipateheat.
heaviestresource(n)~Theresourcecallorcallsthatexceededitsthresholdmorethan
otherresources.
heavy(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof900
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
heavyevent(n)~Aperformanceeventthatoccursregularlyandforwhichdetailed
informationiscollected.
Heavymetal(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#137.
heijunka(n)~Amethodofproductionschedulingthatlevelstheproductionflowandthat
placestheproductionscheduleinavisiblelocationsothatanyproductionissuescanbe
seenatanearlystage.
Hekatondatabaseengine(PN)~Thememory-optimizedOLTPengineofSQLServer.
Hekatonengine(PN)~Thememory-optimizedOLTPengineofSQLServer.
Hello(PN)~Theabilitytounlockyourdevicebydetectingyourface,iris,orfingerprint.
help(n)~Thecapabilityofmanyprogramsandoperatingsystemstodisplayadviceor
instructionsforusingtheirfeatureswhensorequestedbytheuser,asbyascreenbuttonor
menuitemorafunctionkey.
Help(n)~AUIelementthatprovidesaccesstoonlineHelporotherformsofuser
assistance.
Helpandhow-to(PN)~Asectionofwindowsphone.comcontainingproceduraltopics,
videos,andlinkstosupportinformationaboutWindowsPhoneandrelatedtechnologies.
HelpandSupportCenter(n)~AunifiedplacewhereausercanaccessallHelpand
SupportcontentandservicesfromMicrosoft,theOEM,andthecorporation.
Helpbubble(n)~Abubblethatappearswhenauserclicksinafieldoronacontrolinthe
userinterface.TheHelpbubblecontainsinformationthathelpstheuserknowwhattodo.
HelpCentral(PN)~ThecentralizedWindowsLiveHelpsystem.
HelpCollection(n)~Acollectionofhelpfilesaboutaparticulartopic.
HelpDesk(PN)~Therolegroupthatgivesusersthepermissionstoresetpasswordsfor
usersandmanagesettingsontheOptionspageforusers’OutlookLiveaccount.Tohelp
troubleshootuserissues,memberscanalsoview,butnotmodify,allmailboxes,public
groups,andexternalcontactsintheorganization.
helpdesk(n)~Anindividualorteamofsupportprofessionalsthatprovidetechnical
assistanceforanorganization’snetwork,hardwaredevices,andsoftware.
HelpDocumentationforTeamFoundation(n)~TheHelpresourcesdesignedforTeam
Foundation,whichisacollectionofcollaborativetechnologiesthatsupportateameffort
todeliveraproduct.
Helpimprovethisproduct(v)~AbuttonrelatedtotheCustomerExperience
ImprovementProgram.
HelpImprovementprogram(n)~AfeaturethathelpsMicrosoftidentifytrendsinthe
wayHelpisusedsothatMicrosoftcanimprovethesearchresultsandtherelevancyofthe
content.
helptopic(n)~TheprimaryunitofinformationinaHelp(.HLP)file.Atopicisaself-
containedbodyoftextandgraphics,similartoapageinabook.
HelpTopics(n)~AnitemontheHelpmenuthatopensonlineHelpforCommunicator.
Helpviewer(PN)~ThetoolorwindowthatcontainstheHelpcontent.
Helpwindow(n)~AseparateprogramwindowthatdisplaysHelpinformation.
Help+Tips(PN)~TheappthatprovideseasyaccesstoHelpandhow-tocontentaswellas
helpfultipsforusers.
helpdesk(n)~Anindividualorteamofsupportprofessionalsthatprovidetechnical
assistanceforanorganization’snetwork,hardwaredevices,andsoftware.
helper(n)~AnapplicationintendedtobelaunchedbyaWebbrowserwhenthebrowser
downloadsafilethatitisnotabletoprocessitself.Examplesofhelperapplicationsare
soundandmovieplayers.Helperapplicationsgenerallymustbeobtainedandinstalledby
users;theyusuallyarenotincludedinthebrowseritself.
helper(n)~AcomponentusedinASP.NETMVCandASP.NETWebPagesthatpackages
atypicalprogrammingtaskandletsdeveloperscarryoutthetaskusingasinglelineof
code.
helperapplication(n)~AnapplicationintendedtobelaunchedbyaWebbrowserwhen
thebrowserdownloadsafilethatitisnotabletoprocessitself.Examplesofhelper
applicationsaresoundandmovieplayers.Helperapplicationsgenerallymustbeobtained
andinstalledbyusers;theyusuallyarenotincludedinthebrowseritself.
helperDC(n)~AsupportingdomaincontrollerusedtosourceSYSVOLfromthe
restoredbackupmediaifonlyonedomaincontrollerisinstalledinthedomain(SYSVOL
hasnotreplicatedatleastoncebetweentwodomaincontrollersinthedomain).
HepA(n)~AvaccineforimmunizationagainsthepatitisAvirusinfection.
hepatitisAvaccine(n)~AvaccineforimmunizationagainsthepatitisAvirusinfection.
hepatitisBvaccine(n)~AvaccineforimmunizationagainsthepatitisBvirusinfection.
HepB(n)~AvaccineforimmunizationagainsthepatitisBvirusinfection.
heterogeneousdata(n)~Datastoredinmultipleformats.
heterogeneousselection(n)~Aselectionthatincludesobjectsofdifferenttypesorwith
differentproperties.
heuristic(n)~Anapproachoralgorithmthatleadstoacorrectsolutionofaprogramming
taskbynon-rigorousorself-learningmeans.Oneapproachtoprogrammingisfirstto
developaheuristicandthentoimproveonit.
Heuristics~Heuristicsmeans‘rulebased’.Normally,foranAnti-Virusproducttodetect
avirus,thevirusmusthavebeenseenbefore,analyzedanddetectionaddedtothe
signatureupdatefiles.
hex(adj)~Pertainingtothebase-16numbersystemrepresentedbythedigits0through9
andtheuppercaseorlowercaselettersA(equivalenttodecimal10)throughF(equivalent
todecimal15).HexadecimalvaluesarecommonlyusedinHTMLcodetoidentifycolors.
hexdump~ahexadecimalviewofcomputerdata,fromRAMorfromafileorstorage
device.
hexval(n)~Avaluethatfollowsaformatof4channels—includinganalphachannel—
andiscomposedinthefollowingformat:#AARRGGBB.HexiscommonlyusedforWeb
andscreendesignasmanybrowsersrendercolorsbaseduponhexvalues.
hexadecimal(adj)~Pertainingtothebase-16numbersystemrepresentedbythedigits0
through9andtheuppercaseorlowercaselettersA(equivalenttodecimal10)throughF
(equivalenttodecimal15).HexadecimalvaluesarecommonlyusedinHTMLcodeto
identifycolors.
hexadecimalescapesequence(n)~Inregularexpressions,abackslashfollowedbythe
letter‘x’followedbyasequenceofhexadecimaldigits.Itmatchesacharacterinthetarget
sequencethathasthevaluethatisspecifiedbythetwodigits.
hexadecimalvalue(n)~Avaluethatfollowsaformatof4channels—includinganalpha
channel—andiscomposedinthefollowingformat:#AARRGGBB.Hexiscommonly
usedforWebandscreendesignasmanybrowsersrendercolorsbaseduponhexvalues.
HeyCortana(PN)~AfeaturethatprovidestheabilitytoinvokeCortanausingyourvoice
(HeyCortana’)toputherinlisteningmode.’
HFS(n)~Atree-structuredfilesystemusedontheAppleMacintoshinwhichfolderscan
benestedwithinotherfolders.
hi5~hi5isasocialnetworkingwebsitebasedinSanFrancisco,
California.-http://hi5.com/
Hib(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstseriousinfectionscausedbyatypeof
bacteriacalledHaemophilusinfluenzaetypeb,suchasmeningitisandpneumonia.
hibernate(v)~Foracomputersystem,tobeinaninactivestate,butnotshutoff.When
thecomputerisswitchedbackon,thedesktopisrestoredexactlyasitwas.
hibernation(n)~Apower-savingstatethatsavesyouropendocumentsandprogramsto
yourharddiskandthenturnsoffyourcomputer.Whenyou’rereadytousethecomputer
again,itcomesoutofhibernationinsecondsandrestoresallofyouropenprogramsand
documentsthatweresaved.Ofallthepower-savingstatesthatWindowsuses,hibernation
usestheleastamountofpower.
hibernationfile(n)~AfilecreatedduringhibernationthatcontainsallCPUmemoryand
registersinformation.
HibernationFileCleaner(n)~Afeaturethatallowsdeletionofthefilescreatedduring
hibernation.
HIDminidriver(n)~Aminidriverthatabstractstheoperationofahardwarebusorport
thataHIDdeviceisattachedto.AftertheHIDminidriverregisterswiththeHIDclass
driver,theHIDclassdrivercommunicateswiththeminidriverbycallingtheminidriver’s
standarddriverroutines.
hidden(adj)~Notvisibletotheuser.
Hiddenfield(n)~Aformfieldthatisinvisibletoasitevisitorbutsuppliesdatatoaform
handler.Whenaformissubmitted,hiddenfieldsarepassedtotheformhandleralongwith
name-valuepairsforeachvisibleformfield.
hiddenhelper(n)~Aninputelementusedtostoreinformationaboutthestateofa
webpage.
hiddennetwork(n)~AnInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)802.11
wirelessnetworkinwhichServiceSetIdentifier(SSID)suppressionisenabled.
hiddenpartition(n)~Apartitionthatisnotvisiblyexposedtotheuser.Tocreatea
hiddenpartition,setthepartitiontypetoonenotrecognizedbyWindows.
hiddentext(n)~Textthatdoesnotdisplayinthenormalviewofadocument’scontent.
hide(v)~Totemporarilyremovetheonscreendisplayofanobjectonthedesignsurfaceat
designtime.
hide(v)~Totemporarilyremovetheonscreendisplayofanapplication’sactivewindow
whileleavingtheapplicationrunning.Windowsthathavebeenhiddenarereturnedto
activedisplaybyissuingtheappropriatecommandtotheoperatingsystem.
hierarchical(adj)~Of,relatingto,ororganizedasahierarchy.
hierarchicaladdressbook(n)~AfeatureofOutlookthatallowsmembersofan
organizationtobedisplayedinatreeviewcontrol,groupedbydepartment.
hierarchicalmenu(n)~Atypeofdrop-downmenuthatappearswhenauserpointstoa
commandonahigher-levelmenu.
hierarchicalnamespace(n)~Anamespace,suchastheDNSnamespaceorActive
Directorynamespace,thatishierarchicallystructuredandprovidesrulesthatallowthe
namespacetobepartitioned.
hierarchy(n)~Alogicalstructurethatorganizesthemembersofasetintoparent-child
relationships.
Hierarchy(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayouttypethatincludeslayoutsdesignedtoshowa
hierarchicalstructure,suchasanorganizationchart,oradecisiontree.
Hierarchy(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowhierarchicalrelationships
progressingfromtoptobottom.
hierarchybranch(n)~Agroupofsites,interconnectedviachild/parentsiteconnections,
thatreportuptothesameprimarysite.
hierarchydiagram(n)~Adiagramthatshowsthehierarchicalrelationshipsamong
objects/nodes(forexample,anorganizationchart).
hierarchylevel(n)~Aclassificationthatappliestomemberswithinahierarchy.
HierarchyList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowhierarchicalrelationships
progressingacrossgroups.Canalsobeusedtogrouporlistinformation.
hierarchyprovider(n)~Acodestructurethatdefinesahierarchy.
hierarchytree(n)~Astructureinwhichelementsarerelatedtoeachotherhierarchically.
highavailability(n)~Theabilityofasystemordevicetobeusablewhenitisneeded.
Whenexpressedasapercentage,highavailabilityistheactualservicetimedividedbythe
requiredservicetime.Althoughhighavailabilitydoesnotguaranteethatasystemwill
havenodowntime,anetworkoftenisconsideredhighlyavailableifitachieves99.999
percentnetworkuptime.
highavailability(n)~AWindowsServerAppFabricfeaturethatsupportscontinuous
availabilityofcacheddatabystoringcopiesofthatdataonmultiplecachehosts.
HighContrast(n)~Afeaturethatheightensthecolorcontrastofsometextandimageson
yourcomputerscreen,makingthoseitemsmoredistinctandeasiertoidentify.
HighDefinitionCompatibleDigital(n)~Apatentedencode/decodeprocessthat
improvesthequalityofallformsofdigitalaudiorecordingandplaybackbyincreasing
resolutionandreducingdistortionthatoccursduringanalog-to-digital(A/D)anddigital-
to-analog(D/A)conversion,digitalpro
highdensitylipoprotein(n)~Aclassoflipoproteinsthatcarrycholesterolfromthe
body’stissuestotheliver.
highimportance(n)~AflagthatcanbesetforLyncandCommunicatorcallsorinstant
messagestoindicatetheurgencyoftheconversation.
highmemory(n)~Memorylocationsaddressedbythelargestnumbers.
highperformancecomputing(n)~Thetypeofcomputingthatusessupercomputersor
computerclusterstoaddresscomputationproblemswhichrequirehighbandwidth,low
latencynetworking,veryhighcomputecapabilities,etc.
HighPrecisionEventTimer(n)~Ahardwaretimerusedinpersonalcomputers.
highpriority(n)~Aprioritylevelthatindicatesthatataskneedstobeexecutedbefore
othertasksthatareassignedanormaloralowprioritylevel.
highpriorityupdate(n)~AclassificationusedontheWindowsUpdatewebsiteandby
theWindowsUpdateServicetorecommendMicrosoftsoftwareupdatesanddriversthat
helpprotectagainstthelatestpubliclyknownsecuritythreatsandreliabilityissues.All
softwareupdatesanddriversthatcanbeinstalledbyturningonAutomaticUpdateson
yourcomputerareclassifiedashighpriority.Thesecanalsobeinstalledbyvisitingthe
WindowsUpdatewebsite.
HighQualityVideo(n)~Avideocallqualitystandard.
highwatermark(n)~Amemoryconsumptionthresholdoneachcachehostthatspecifies
whenobjectsareevictedoutofmemory,regardlessofwhethertheyhaveexpiredornot,
untilmemoryconsumptiongoesbackdowntothelowwatermark.
high-definitionDVD(n)~Ahighdefinitionopticaldiscformatwhichusesasmaller
focusblue-violet405nmlaserallowinghigherprecisionandstoragedensity.Acompetitor
toBlu-rayDisc.
high-definitionmultimediainterface(n)~Adigitalinterfacespecificationfordelivering
digitalcontentandconnectingconsumerelectronicdevices.
High-DefinitionTelevision(n)~Atypeoftelevisionthatprovidesmuchhigher
resolution,sharpness,soundquality,andpicturequalitythantraditionaltelevisions.
HDTVscanusuallybeusedascomputermonitors.
high-densitydisk(n)~Afloppydiskthatcanholdupto1.44MB.
high-densitymultichipinterconnect(n)~Adigitalinterfacespecificationfordelivering
digitalcontentandconnectingconsumerelectronicdevices.
high-DPI(adj)~PertainingtoaDPIsettingwithmorethan96DPI.
higher-levelsite(n)~Aparentsitetowhichthecurrentsitereports,directly(viachild-
parentrelationships)orindirectly(viamultiplechild-parentrelationships).
high-impact(adj)~Havingastrongeffectorinfluence.
highlight(v)~Toemphasizedisplayedcharacters,asbydisplayingtheminreversevideo
(lightondarkratherthandarkonlight,andviceversa)oragainstacoloredbackground.
highlight(oth)~Thepointsofinterestinagivenneighborhood.
highlight(n)~AcolorformattingoptionforemphasizingtextinaWorddocumentor
Excelworkbookonthephone.
HighlightViewer(PN)~AnavailablebuttonforWindowsLiveToolbarthathighlights,in
color,searchwordsonthesearchresultspage.Italsohighlightsthesearchwordsonthe
websitesincludedinthesearchresults.
highlighter(n)~Atabletpenmodethatenablesyoutoapplytransparentink.
highlightersetting(n)~Asettingthatyoucanusetochangetheappearanceofhighlighter
ink.
Highlightertool(n)~Anannotationtoolthatisusedtohighlightanareaofaslide.
highlightingfilter(n)~Afilterthatdisplaysallinformationandhighlightsthedatathat
matchthefiltercriteria.
highlights(PN)~TheUIlabelinMessengerfortheaspectofthesocialviewthatdisplays
prioritizedrecentsocialactivityoffriends.
high-lowlines(n)~In2-Dlinecharts,linesthatextendfromthehighesttothelowest
valueineachcategory.High-lowlinesareoftenusedinstockcharts.
HighMAT(n)~Arecordingformatthatcanstoreaudio,video,andpicturesonaCDor
DVD.HighMatdiscsplayonanyWindowscomputerandonsomeDVDplayers.
high-performancecomputing(n)~Thetypeofcomputingthatusessupercomputersor
computerclusterstoaddresscomputationproblemswhichrequirehighbandwidth,low
latencynetworking,veryhighcomputecapabilities,etc.
High-PerformanceMediaAccessTechnology(n)~Arecordingformatthatcanstore
audio,video,andpicturesonaCDorDVD.HighMatdiscsplayonanyWindows
computerandonsomeDVDplayers.
high-precisioncurrencyvalue(n)~Acurrencyvaluerepresentedasa64-bitinteger.
high-privilegeworkflow(n)~Anyworkflowthateitherusesatieredactivityorcontains
ahighprivilegescope,regardlessofthecontentsofthatscope.
high-trustapp(n)~Anappthatusestheserver-to-server(S2S)protocol,wheretheappis
responsibleforcreatingtheuserportionoftheaccesstoken,andthereforeistrustedto
assertanyuseridentity.
hint(n)~AnoptionorstrategyspecifiedforenforcementbytheSQLServerquery
processoronSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,orDELETEstatements.Thehintoverrides
anyexecutionplanthequeryoptimizermightselectforaquery.
hintfile(n)~AfilethathelpstheVisualStudiointegrateddevelopmentenvironment
(IDE)interpretVisualC++identifiers,suchasthenamesoffunctionsandmacros.
HIPchallenge(n)~Achallengemeanttobeeasilysolvedbyhumans,whileremaining
toohardtobeeconomicallysolvedbycomputers.
HIPAA(n)~AUSfederallawthatprovidesrightsandprotectionsforparticipantsand
beneficiariesingrouphealthplans.
HIPAAPrivacyRule(n)~AruleissuedbytheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHuman
ServicestoimplementtheprivacyrequirementsoftheHealthInsurancePortabilityand
AccountabilityAct(HIPAA),afederallawthatprovidesrightsandprotectionsfor
participantsandbeneficiariesingrouphealthplans.Theruleestablishesnationalstandards
fortheprotectionofcertainhealthinformation,includingstandardsaddressingtheuseand
disclosureofindividuals’healthinformationandstandardsforindividuals’privacyrights
tounderstandandcontrolhowtheirhealthinformationisused.
Hip-Hop(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#7.
hiringrequisition(n)~Aformalrequesttohireanemployeetofillaspecificposition
withintheorganization.
histogram(n)~Achartconsistingofhorizontalorverticalbars,thewidthsorheightsof
whichrepresentthevaluesofnumericaldata.
histogram(n)~Agraphicrepresentationoftherangeoftonesfromdarktolightina
photo.
history(n)~Alistoftheuser’sactionswithinaprogram,suchascommandsenteredinan
operatingsystemshell,menuspassedthroughusingGopher,orlinksfollowedusinga
Webbrowser.
history(v)~RecordofchangestoafileorprojectsinceitwasinitiallyaddedtoaVisual
SourceSafedatabase.Thedatabasecanreturntoanypointinthefilehistoryandrecover
thefileasitexistedatthatpoint.
history(n)~Arecordofallthechangestoanobject’spropertiesandrelationships.History
existsforallobjects,suchasconfigurationitemsandworkitems.
history(PN)~AUserInterface(UI)elementinvariouscommunicationsappsandin
contactcardsthatprovidesaccesstoalistofpreviouscommunicationviathatapporwith
aparticularcontact.
history(n)~Acatalogueofallactivities(callsandIMs)doneinSkype.
historychart(PN)~Thevisualizationofchronologicallysorteddatapointsinadefined
timeframe.
Historylist(n)~Alistofthelast10filesyoujumpedtointhecurrentprogramsession
usinghyperlinks.
HistoryLog(n)~ThesectioninanAccount,BusinessContact,orOpportunityrecordthat
containsallitems(suchasphonelogs,businessnotes,ande-mailmessages)thatare
linkedtotherecord.
historypoint(n)~AlogicalnavigationpointinaWebapplicationthatcanberepresented
throughstateinformation.ThestateinformationcanbeusedtorestoretheWeb
applicationtoapreviousstate,eitherdirectlywithstatedataorthroughsomeidentifierto
stateinformationthatisstoredelsewhere.
Historyworksheet(n)~Aseparateworksheetthatlistschangesbeingtrackedinashared
workbook,includingthenameofthepersonwhomadethechange,whenandwhereitwas
made,whatdatawasdeletedorreplaced,andhowconflictswereresolved.
hit(n)~RetrievalofafilefromaWebsite.EachseparatefileaccessedonaWebpage,
includinghtmldocumentsandgraphics,countsasahit.
hit(n)~Asuccessfulretrievalofdatafromacacheratherthanfromtheslowerharddisk
orRAM.
hit(n)~Asingleaction(forexample,aclickonanadvertisement)takenbyacustomerat
aWebsitethatresultsinonelineofdatabeingaddedtotheWebserverlogfile.
hit(n)~Alineofcodeexecutedbyatest.
hit~Asusedinreferencetotheworldwideweb,hitmeansasinglerequestfromaweb
browserforasingleitemfromawebserver
hitcount(n)~Thenumberoftimesafunctionorlineofsourcecodeiscalled(orhit),as
reportedbytheprofilerwhenanalyzingaprogramatruntime.
hive(n)~Afileinwhichthesystemstoresaportionoftheregistry(namedfortheir
resemblancetothecellularstructureofabeehive).Ahiveisbackedbyasinglefileanda
.logfile,whichareineitherthesystemroot\System32\Configfolderorthe
systemroot\Profiles\usernamefolder.
HKEY(oth)~InWindows9x,WindowsNT,andWindows2000,ahandletoaRegistry
keyinwhichconfigurationinformationisstored.Eachkeyleadstosub-keyscontaining
configurationinformationthat,inearlierversionsofWindows,wasstoredin.inifiles.For
example,thehandlekeyHKEY_CURRENT_USERControlPanelleadstothesubkeyfor
theWindowsDesktop.
HLM(n)~Amodeinwhichthecomputerisnotunderthecontroloftheoperating
system;rather,thebootsequenceishaltedatafirmwarescreenandtheuseristoldtocall
customersupport.
HLS(oth)~Acolormodelinwhichhueisthecoloritselfasplacedonacolorwheel,
where0-°isred,60-°isyellow,120-°isgreen,180-°iscyan,240-°isblue,and300-°is
magenta;saturationisthepercentageofthespecifiedhueinthecolor;andbrightnessis
thepercentageofwhiteinthecolor.
h-node(n)~ANetBIOSnodetypethatusesahybridofb-nodeandp-nodetoregisterand
resolveNetBIOSnamestoIPaddresses.Anh-nodecomputerusesaserverqueryfirstand
revertstobroadcastsonlyifdirectqueriesfail.
hoax(n)~AnunsolicitedmessagedistributedviatheInternetwiththeintentofmisleading
recipients.Thesemessagesusuallyarriveintheformofanemailandcontain
misinformationontopicssuchasnewcomputervirusesandpromotionsthatsoundstoo
goodtobetrue.
Hobbies&toys(PN)~TheKids&familysubcategorycontainingappsforhobby
enthusiastsandpeoplewholovetoys.
HoBt(PN)~Atablestructurewhoseindexconfigurationcanbeeitheraheaporab-tree.
hold(n)~Arestrictionthatpreventsadocumentfrombeingpostedortransactionsfrom
beingenteredforaspecifiedrecord.
Hold(PN)~AbuttononPhoneControlsthatplacesthecurrentphonecallonhold.
hold(v)~Totemporarilysuspendanactivephonecall.
HoldandeDiscovery(PN)~AfeaturethatsupportsautomaticeDiscoverybasedon
matchesagainstafixedsearchquery.
holddown(v)~Tocontinuetopressakeyboardkeyormousebutton.
HoldIn(v)~AUIelementreferringtoadescriptorforatypeofkeyframe,knownas
discretekeyframe,thatdoesnotinterpolatetoitsownvaluefromthevalueofthe
keyframebeforeit(asmostkeyframesdo).Akeyframeexistsatakeytime.ClickingHold
Incausesthekeyframetomaintain(orhold),untilitsownkeytime,thevalueofthe
keyframebeforeit.Onlywhenthekeyframe’skeytimeisreacheddoesitapplyitsown
valueanditdoessoinstantaneously.Thevalue(ortime)curvewouldthereforebeaflat
linewithanimmediateverticalstepatthekeytimeoftheHoldInkeyframe.
holdstatus(n)~ThestatusofafeaturetoexemptitemsonSPSfrombeingsubjecttothe
policysetonthesite.
holdtone(n)~Thesoundthatthecallerhearswhenheorsheisplacedonhold.
holdingcompany(n)~Acompanythatownsenoughvotingstockinanothercompanyto
controlmanagementandoperationsbyinfluencingorelectingitsboardofdirectors.
holdout(n)~Apercentageoftrainingdatathatisreservedforuseinmeasuringthe
accuracyofthestructureofthedataminingmodel.
holdoutdata(n)~Apercentageoftrainingdatathatisreservedforuseinmeasuringthe
accuracyofthestructureofthedataminingmodel.
holdoutstore(n)~Thedataminingstructurethatisusedtocachetheholdoutdata.It
containsreferencestotheholdoutdata.
hole(n)~AnunspecifiedpartofanF#expressionthatmustbeprovidedlaterforthe
expressiontobeusable.
holiday(n)~Adateonwhichahuntgroupisnotavailabletotakephonecalls,regardless
ofwhetherthatdatewouldnormallybepartofbusinesshours.
HolidaySchedule(PN)~SectionofServiceManagementwhereyoucanconfigure
holidays,timeswhenserviceswon’tbeperformed,tobeusedaspartofaservicelevel
agreement(SLA).
home(n)~Abeginningposition,suchastheupperleftcornerofacharacter-baseddisplay,
theleftendofalineoftext,cellA1ofaspreadsheet,orthetopofadocument.
Home(n)~Rootfolderinreportserverfoldernamespace.
Home(n)~AnitemthatappearsontheForwardingCallsTomenu.Whentheuserselects
Home,Communicatorautomaticallyforwardsincomingcallstothenumbertheuserhas
publishedforhishomephone.
Home(PN)~AbuttonthatdirectstheusertotheHomesectionofanapplication.
Home(n)~AmenucommandontheGoTomenu.ItreturnsyoutotheCRM3.0Mobile
startpage.
Home(n)~Thedefaulttabontheribboninterfacethatprovidesthebasicfeaturesthat
usersneedmostfrequentlyforeachapplication.
Home(PN)~Afieldforacontact’shometelephonenumber.
Home(PN)~Thenavigationheadingthatlinkstothemainentrypage.
Home(PN)~Thelinktothemainlanding/startpageonWindowsLive.
Home(n)~Aniconthatdirectsuserstotheircustomizedhomepage.
Home(PN)~?TheplacewhereCortanashowscardstotheuserthatincludesuggestions,
questions,feedback,etc.
Home&garden(PN)~TheLifestylesubcategorycontainingappstohelpyouplanand
doimprovementstoyourhouseoroutdoorareas.
homeautomation(n)~Theprocessofprogrammaticallycontrollingappliances,lighting,
heatingandcoolingsystems,andotherdevicesinahomenetwork.
homeautomationcontroller(n)~Asoftwareordevicethathelpscontrolyourhome
smartdevicesautomatically.
homecell(n)~Oneofthefourcardlocationsintheupper-rightcornerofthescreen.
homefolder(n)~Afolder(usuallyonafileserver)thatadministratorscanassignto
individualusersorgroups.Administratorsusehomefolderstoconsolidateuserfilesonto
specificfileserversforeasybackup.Homefoldersareusedbysomeprogramsasthe
defaultfolderfortheOpenandSaveAsdialogboxes.
homenetwork(n)~Homedevicesthatareconnectedtogether.Ahomenetworkconsists
ofahomecomputerorhomeserverthatcontrolsother(non-computer)devicessuchas
lighting,mediaservices,appliances,etc.Ahomenetworkcanincludeahomecomputer
network.
homenetwork(n)~Amobileoperator’sdefaultnetworkconnection.
homepage(n)~Adocumentthatservesasastartingpointinahypertextsystem.Onthe
WorldWideWeb,anentrypageforasetofWebpagesandotherfilesinaWebsite.The
homepageisdisplayedbydefaultwhenavisitornavigatestothesiteusingaWeb
browser.
HomePhone(PN)~AbuttonintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePhonestab,thattheuser
clickstoenterhisorherhomephonenumber.
homephone(PN)~AnOutlookcontact’sresidentialtelephonenumber(usuallyaland
line).
homeplan(n)~Adrawingthatshowsthelayoutofahouse.Itcanbeusedtodrawnew
houseplansorremodelingplans,kitchenandfurniturearrangements,orplanstoadda
newroomtoyourhome.Atypeofbuildingplan.
homerealmURL(n)~TheURLwheretheuserisoriginallyauthenticated.
HomeScreen(PN)~Themainordefault(start-up)screen.
homescreen(n)~Themainordefault(start-up)screen.
homeserver(n)~TheExchangeserverthatcontainsauser’smailbox.
homeserver(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerthathostsusers.
Homeservice(PN)~Astatusmessagedisplayedforthecurrentnetworkwhenauser
changesthenetworkselectiontosomethingotherthanthenetworkofthemainprovider.
HomeUseProgram(n)~AMicrosoftsoftwarelicensingoptionforemployersthat
enablesemployeestoobtainanduseacopyofMicrosoftOfficeapplicationsathome.
HomeUseRights(PN)~AMicrosoftsoftwarelicensingoptionforemployersthat
enablesemployeestoobtainanduseacopyofMicrosoftOfficeapplicationsathome.
homegroup(n)~Agroupofcomputersonahomenetworkthatcansharepictures,music,
videos,documents,andprinters.AhomegroupiscreatedbyusingtheHomeGroup
feature;itisprotectedwithapassword.
HomeGroup(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatenablesuserstosharepictures,music,
videos,documents,andprinterswithotherpeopleonahomenetwork.
homegroupcomputer(n)~Acomputerthatbelongstoahomegroup.
homegrouppassword(n)~Apasswordthathelpspreventunauthorizedaccessto
homegroupfilesandprinters.
HomeGrouptroubleshooter(n)~Atroubleshooterthathelpsfindandfixproblemswith
viewingcomputersorsharedfilesinahomegroup.
homepage(n)~Adocumentthatservesasastartingpointinahypertextsystem.Onthe
WorldWideWeb,anentrypageforasetofWebpagesandotherfilesinaWebsite.The
homepageisdisplayedbydefaultwhenavisitornavigatestothesiteusingaWeb
browser.
Homepage~Apageonthe-WorldWideWeb.Confusingly‘homepage’isused
indiscriminatelytodescribeseveralslightlydifferentthings:anamateur’swebsite;the
frontormainpageofanywebsite;orthepagewhichyourbrowserfirstgoestowhenyou
startitup.
homeworkapp(n)~Anappchosenbyaparentthatachildcanuseatanytimeandforas
longasnecessaryoutsideofcurfewhours.
homeworklist(n)~Alistofappsandwebsitesofanytypethataparentchooseswhicha
childcanuseatanytimeandforaslongasnecessaryoutsideofcurfewhours.
homeworkwebsite(n)~Awebsitethatachildhaspermissiontouseanytimeoutsideof
curfewhours.
homogeneousdata(n)~Datathatcomesfrommultipledatasourcesthatareallmanaged
bythesamesoftware.
homogeneousselection(n)~Aselectionthatincludesobjectsofthesametypeorwiththe
sameproperties.
honeypot~atrapforpeoplewhotamperwithcomputersmaliciouslythroughthe
Internet,justasapotofhoneytrapsflies.
honoredbill(n)~Abillofexchangethathasbeensettled.
hook(n)~Alocationinaroutineorprograminwhichtheprogrammercanconnector
insertotherroutinesforthepurposeofdebuggingorenhancingfunctionality.
hook(v)~Thetelephoneswitchonadesktelephonethatopensorclosesthecall
connection.Ifthetelephonehasahandset,hangingupthehandsetdepressestheswitchso
thatthecallisdisconnected.
hop(n)~Indatacommunications,onesegmentofthepathbetweenroutersona
geographicallydispersednetwork.
hopcount(n)~ThevalueintheTransportControlfieldthatindicatesthenumberof
InternetworkPacketExchange(IPX)routersthathaveprocessedtheIPXpacket.
hoppingwindow(n)~Atypeofwindowinwhichconsecutivewindowshop’forwardin
timebyafixedperiod.Thewindowisdefinedbytwotimespans:theperiodPandthe
windowlengthL.ForeveryPtimeunitanewwindowofsizeLiscreated.’
horizontalaxis(n)~Thehorizontalreferencelineonagrid,chart,orgraphthathas
horizontalandverticaldimensions.
HorizontalBulletList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshownon-sequentialor
groupedlistsofinformation.Workswellwithlargeamountsoftext.Alltexthasthesame
levelofemphasis,anddirectionisnotimplied.
horizontalconechart(n)~Avariationonabarchartthatusesconeshapesinsteadof
horizontalrectangles.
horizontalcylinderchart(n)~Avariationonabarchartthatusescylindershapesinstead
ofhorizontalrectangles.
HORIZONTALELLIPSIS(n)~The-€¦character.Canalsoberepresentedbyentering
threedotswithnospacesinbetween(…).Usedtoconveyincompleteness.
HorizontalHierarchy(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowhierarchical
relationshipsprogressinghorizontally.Workswellfordecisiontrees.
HorizontalLabeledHierarchy(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshow
hierarchicalrelationshipsprogressinghorizontallyandgroupedhierarchically.Emphasizes
headingorlevel1text.ThefirstlineofLevel1textappearsintheshapeatthebeginning
ofthehierarchy,andthesecondandallsubsequentlinesofLevel1textappearatthetop
ofthetallrectangles.
HorizontalLine(n)~AWebpageeditorcommandthatinsertsahorizontallineontoa
Webpage.
horizontaloffset(n)~Thedistance,indeviceindependentpixels,thattheviewporthas
beenscrolledfromitsleftside.
horizontalpartitioning(n)~Tosegmentasingletableintomultipletablesbasedon
selectedrows.
HorizontalPictureList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshownon-sequentialor
groupedinformationwithanemphasisonrelatedpictures.Thetopshapesaredesignedto
containpictures.
horizontalpyramidchart(n)~Avariationonabarchartthatusespyramidshapes
insteadofhorizontalrectangles.
horizontalruler(n)~Abarmarkedoffinunitsofmeasure(suchasinches)thatis
displayedacrossthetopofthedocumentwindow.
horizontalsolution(n)~Anadd-onsoftwaresolutionthatcomplementsthefunctionality
ofaproductandthatfocusesonspecificbusinessprocesses.
horizontalsplit(n)~AhorizontalorientationoftheCIDERshell.
Horror(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
host(n)~Acomputerthatactsasasourceofinformationorsignals.Thehostcomputer
providesservices,suchasnews,mail,ordata,tocomputersthatconnecttoit.Theterm
canrefertoalmostanykindofcomputer,fromacentralizedmainframethatisahosttoits
terminals,toaserverthatishosttoitsclients,toadesktopPCthatishosttoitsdevices,
suchasprintersandscanners.
host(n)~Aphysicalcomputerthatisrunningvirtualizationsoftware,suchasHyper-V,on
whichvirtualmachinescanbedeployed.
host(n)~Inthe.NETFrameworkadd-inprogrammingmodel,ahostapplicationassembly
thatcommunicateswithanadd-inoverthecommunicationpipeline.
host(n)~AnydeviceonaTCP/IPnetworkthathasanInternetProtocol(IP)address.
Examplesofhostsincludeservers,workstations,network-interfaceprintdevices,and
routers.Sometimesusedtorefertoaspecificnetworkcomputerthatisrunningaservice
usedbynetworkorremoteclients.,ForNetworkLoadBalancing,aclusterconsistsof
multiplehostsconnectedoveralocalareanetwork(LAN).
host(n)~AUIelement,suchasawindoworcontrol,thatcontainsotherUIelements.A
hostperformsUIautomationservicesonbehalfofthehostedelements.
host~Anycomputeronanetworkthatisarepositoryforservicesavailabletoother
computersonthenetwork.
host~TheISP’scomputercomplex.Thehostprocessmembers’requestsandkeepstrack
ofmembers’onlineexperience.
hostadapter(n)~Anhardwaredeviceforconnectingaperipheraltothemaincomputer,
typicallyintheformofanexpansioncard.
hostadapter(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatletsyouruntestsinaspecificenvironment.
Thishostingenvironmentmaybeaspecificprocesssuchassqprsqextoraprocesswith
particulartraitssuchaslimitedsecurityorcustomenvironmentvariables.
hostaddress(n)~TheportionoftheIPaddressthatidentifiesacomputerwithina
particularnetworkID.
hostapplication(n)~Anapplicationthathassomesortofcustomization,suchasan
application-leveladd-inoradocument-levelcustomization,forwhichtheapplicationacts
asahost.
hostbusadapter(n)~Anhardwaredeviceforconnectingaperipheraltothemain
computer,typicallyintheformofanexpansioncard.
hostcompatibilitycheck(n)~AnactionthatisperformedinVMMthatdetermines
whetherthehardwareofadestinationhostiscompatiblewiththevirtualmachinethatyou
aremigratingtothehost.
hostcomputer(n)~Acomputerthatactsasasourceofinformationorsignals.Thehost
computerprovidesservices,suchasnews,mail,ordata,tocomputersthatconnecttoit.
Thetermcanrefertoalmostanykindofcomputer,fromacentralizedmainframethatisa
hosttoitsterminals,toaserverthatishosttoitsclients,toadesktopPCthatishosttoits
devices,suchasprintersandscanners.
hostcontrol(n)~Anobjectthatisnativetoahostapplication(suchasMicrosoftOffice
WordorMicrosoftOfficeExcel)towhichdatabindingandeventshavebeenadded.
ExamplesofhostcontrolsincludeBookmarkcontrolsandListObjectcontrols.
hostdistributionrule(n)~Arulethatappliestoaspecifichostandaspecificcrawl
component.Itisusedtoensurethatdocumentsfromthathostarecrawledbythatcrawl
component.
hostdomain(n)~ThedomaininwhichaDFSnamespacehasbeenconfigured.
hostgroup(n)~Acustomgroupofvirtualmachinehosts,whichanadministratorcan
createinVirtualMachineManagerforeaseofmonitoringandmanagement.Hostgroups
canbeusedtodeterminetheresourcesreservedforhostoperatingsystemsandto
administervirtualmachineself-service.
hostheader(n)~ApieceofinformationthatenablesIIStoresolvearequestbasedonthe
domainnamespecifiedbythebrowser,ratherthanonebasedonlyontheIPaddressand
portnumber.Forexample,thehostheadernamefortheURLhttp://www.microsoft.comis
www.microsoft.com.Byusinghostheaders,youcanusethesameIPaddressandportfor
multipleIISWebsites.
hostID(n)~TheportionoftheIPaddressthatidentifiesacomputerwithinaparticular
networkID.
hostinstance-€“levelsetting(n)~OneofthesettingsthatBizTalkadministratorscan
modifyintheBizTalkSettingsDashboard.Examplesinclude.NETCLRsettingsand
propertiesrelatedtoanorchestrationmemorythrottling.Specifictoagivenhostinstance,
host-levelsettingsessentiallygoverntheuseofacomputer’sresources(suchasRAMor
I/O).AnexampleisMax.I/OThreads.
hostitem(n)~Anobjectthatisnativetoahostapplication(suchasMicrosoftOffice
WordorMicrosoftOfficeExcel)towhichyoucanaddhostcontrols.Examplesofhost
itemsincludeDocumentandWorksheet.
Hostkey(n)~Thekey(rightALTkeybydefault)thatmustbepressedwithVirtualServer
tomovekeyboardandmousefocusfromaguestoperatingsystembacktothehost
operatingsystem.
hostmachine(n)~Aphysicalcomputerthatisrunningvirtualizationsoftware,suchas
Hyper-V,onwhichvirtualmachinescanbedeployed.
hostname(n)~TheDNSnameofadeviceonanetwork,usedtolocatecomputersonthe
network.
hostoperatingsystem(n)~Theoperatingsystemofthephysicalcomputerrunningthe
VirtualServerorVirtualPCsoftware.
hostpath(n)~Asequenceofhostgroupnamesthatspecifiesthelocationofavirtual
machinehostorhostgroupwithinthehierarchyofhostgroups.Allhostpathsbeginwith
theroothostgroup,ManagedComputers.
hostpriority(n)~ForNetworkLoadBalancing,ahost’sprecedenceforhandlingdefault
networktrafficforTCPandUDPports.Itisusedifahostwithintheclustergoesoffline,
anditdetermineswhichhostwithintheclusterwillassumeresponsibilityforthetraffic
previouslyhandledbytheofflinehost.
hostprofile(n)~AVirtualMachineManagerlibraryresourcethatcontainshardwareand
operatingsystemconfigurationsettingstoconvertabare-metalcomputertoamanaged
Hyper-Vhost.
hostrating(n)~Arating,consistingofzerothroughfivestars,thatisassignedtoeach
hostduringvirtualmachineplacementtoindicatethehost’ssuitabilityforhostingthe
virtualmachine.Thehostratingisbasedonthevirtualmachine’shardwareandsoftware
requirementsandanticipatedresourceusage.Hostratingsalsotakeintoconsiderationthe
placementgoal:eitherresourcemaximizationonhostsorloadbalancingamonghosts.The
metricsforratinghostscanbecustomizedforVirtualMachineManager,forhostgroups,
andforindividualvirtualmachines.
hostreserve(n)~Aresourcethatissetasideonthephysicalhostcomputerfortheuseof
thehostoperatingsystem.
hosttype(n)~Apropertythatdetermineswhetherthehostiscontrolledwithinoroutside
oftheBizTalkServerprocess.HosttypesareIn-processorIsolated.
hostviewoftheadd-in(n)~Inthe.NETFrameworkadd-inprogrammingmodel,an
assemblythatcontainsinterfacesorabstractbaseclasses,andrepresentsthehost’sviewof
themethodsandtypesusedtocommunicatewithanadd-in.
hostweb(n)~ASharePointsitetowhichanappisinstalled.
hosted(adj)~PertainingtoanapplicationonMicrosoftDynamicsLiveCRMandpartner-
hostedversionsofMicrosoftDynamicsCRM.DeploymentswheretheMicrosoft
DynamicsCRMserverismaintainedforanorganizationbyathird-party,suchas
Microsoftorapartner.
HostedBlackBerryservice(n)~Aseparately-purchasedserviceavailabletoExchange
OnlineandBusinessProductivityOnlineStandardSuitecustomerswhoneedsupportfora
rangeofBlackBerry(R)EnterpriseServercapabilities,includingwirelessaccesstopeople
andinformationonthego,andadvancedsecurityfeatures.
hostedcache(n)~AserverorWANapplianceinabranchofficewhichaggregatesalldata
cachedbypeerstoensurehigheravailability.
hostedcontrol(n)~Aconfigured.NETcomponentorCRMwindowintheContact
CenterDesktop(CCD)forCRMthatishosted,usuallyinatab,intheAgentDesktop.
hostedmanagementagent(n)~AnIdentityLifecycleManagement(ILM)component
thatconsistsofproperties,rules,andruleextensionsthatdeterminehowanobjectis
processedandthatprovidesservicestoclientcomputersororganizationsthatconnect
fromremotelocations.
hoster(n)~Aserviceproviderthatofferssharedordedicatedspaceonserversfor
websites,indatacenters,etc.
hosting(n)~Inthe.NETFramework,theloadingandactivationofthecommonlanguage
runtimeinaprocess,andthesubsequentcommunicationbetweentheloadedruntimeand
thehostapplication.
hostingenvironment(n)~AWebordesktopapplication,suchasaWindowsForms
application,intowhichanInfoPathformisembedded.
hostingprocess(n)~Anapplicationthatisdesignedtohostservices.Theseinclude
InternetInformationServices(IIS),WindowsProcessActivationservice(WAS),and
Windowsservices.Inthesehostedscenarios,thehostcontrolsthelifetimeoftheservice.
Forexample,usingIISyoucansetupavirtualdirectorythatcontainstheservice
assemblyandconfigurationfile.Whenamessageisreceived,IISstartstheserviceand
controlsitslifetime.
hostingrelationship(n)~Inamodel,therelationshipaccordingtowhichoneobject
existsonlywithinthecontextofaparentobject.Inthisrelationshiptherecanbeaoneto
manyratioofparentobjectstochildobjects,butonlya1:1rationbetweenachildobject
anditsparent.Forexample,anygivenlogicaldrivecanonlybelongtoonecomputer,
thoughasinglecomputermayhavemultiplelogicaldrives.Also,thelogicaldrivemust
haveacomputeronwhichitexists,ifthecomputerthathoststhelogicaldriveceasesto
exist,sodoesthelogicaldriveitself.
hostingserviceprovider(n)~Aserviceproviderthatofferssharedordedicatedspaceon
serversforwebsites,indatacenters,etc.
host-levelsetting(n)~OneofthesettingsthatBizTalkadministratorscanmodifyinthe
BizTalkSettingsDashboard.Examplesincludehosttracking,andpropertiesrelatedto
resource-basedthrottling,rate-basedthrottling,andorchestrationthrottling.Host-level
settingstweakthewayallinstancesofhostbehaveinagivendeployment.Forexample,if
forHost1thesettingMax.enginethreadsischangedto200,allinstancesofHost1will
workwithamaximumof200enginethreads.
hostname(n)~TheDNSnameofadeviceonanetwork,usedtolocatecomputersonthe
network.
Hot(n)~AnoptionontheRatingsdrop-downlistontheGeneraltabthatindicatesthata
leadoropportunityhashighinterest.
hot(adj)~Pertainingtothehighestratingofperceivedinterestthatanaccount,
opportunity,orleadhasinaproductorservice.
hotdocking(n)~Theprocessofattachingalaptopcomputertoadockingstationwhile
thecomputerisrunning,andautomaticallyactivatingthedockingstation’svideodisplay
andotherfunctions.
hotfile(n)~Afilethatisfrequentlyaccessedandfrequentlystoredinmemory.
hotline(n)~Inaprofilerperformancereport,asourcecodelinethatismarkedasacode
segmentthatperformedthemostwork.
HotPathview(oth)~TheProfilerPerformanceReportviewthathelpstoautomatethe
processoflocatingaperformancebottleneck.
hotplugging(n)~Afeaturethatallowsequipmenttobeconnectedtoanactivedevice,
suchasacomputer,whilethedeviceispoweredon.
hotpotatorouting~Aformofroutinginwhichthenodesofanetworkhavenobufferto
storepacketsinbeforetheyaremovedontotheirfinalpredetermineddestination.
hotspot(n)~Inthecursor,apixelthatmarkstheexactscreenlocationthatisaffectedby
amouseevent,suchasclickingamousebutton.
hotspot(n)~Anareaonanobjectcontainingahyperlink.Anentireobjectcanbeasingle
hotspot,oranobjectcancontainmultiplehotspots.
hotstandby(n)~Astandbyserverthatcansupportrapidfailoverwithoutalossofdata
fromcommittedtransactions.
hotstandbyserver(n)~Astandbyserverthatcansupportrapidfailoverwithoutalossof
datafromcommittedtransactions.
HotSwap~Ahotswapisthereplacementofaharddrive,CD-ROMdrive,powersupply,
orotherdevicewithasimilardevicewhilethecomputersystemusingitremainsin
operation.Thereplacementcanbebecauseofadevicefailureor,forstoragedevices,to
substituteotherdata.
hotswapping(n)~Afeaturethatallowsequipmenttobeconnectedtoanactivedevice,
suchasacomputer,whilethedeviceispoweredon.
hotzone(n)~Theinteractionareaofaparticularobjectorlocationwithwhichapointer
orpointingdevice’shotspotmustcomeincontact.
HotelSearch(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsausertosearchforhotelsatagivenlocation.
Hotels(PN)~TheTravelsubcategorycontainingappstohelpyoubookahotelroom.
hotfix(n)~Asinglecumulativepackagecomposedofoneormorefilesusedtoaddressa
probleminaproduct.Hotfixesaddressaspecificcustomersituationandmaynotbe
distributedoutsidethatcustomerorganization.
hotfixpackage(n)~Asinglecumulativepackagecomposedofoneormorefilesusedto
addressaprobleminaproduct.Hotfixesaddressaspecificcustomersituationandmaynot
bedistributedoutsidethatcustomerorganization.
Hotmail(PN)~ThewebemailservicefordomainssupportedbyMicrosoftaccount,
including@hotmail.comand@live.com.
Hotmail(PN)~AnappthatenablesuseofHotmailaccountsonmobiledevices.
Hotmail~WindowsLiveHotmail,formerlyknownasMSNHotmailandcommonly
referredtosimplyasHotmail,isafreeweb-basedemailserviceoperatedby
Microsoft.http://www.hotmail.com/
hotpatching(n)~Theprocessofinstallingupdatesontocomputerswithouthavingto
restarttheserver.
hotspot(n)~Apublicplace(suchasacoffeeshop,airport,orhotel)withawireless
networkthatyoucanusetoconnecttotheInternet.
hotspot(n)~Anareaonanobjectcontainingahyperlink.Anentireobjectcanbeasingle
hotspot,oranobjectcancontainmultiplehotspots.
hotspot(n)~AnobjectthatausercancreatetoaddruntimeclicknavigationtoDeep
ZoomComposer.
Hotspot~Alocationwhereacomputercanconnecttoawirelessnetwork(see-Wi-Fi).
hotspot~AwirelessInternetconnectionavailableforpublicuse.Beyondmere
convenience,hotspotsofferbroadbandInternetaccesswithconnectionspeedssimilarto
cableandDSL.Whilesomehotspotschargeforaccess,moreandmoreareopeningtheir
networksforfree.
hot-swap(v)~Toreplaceanassemblyfilewitharevisedassemblyfileinarunning
system.In-progresssessionscontinuetoaccesstheoriginalassemblyfromactivememory.
hot-swapping(n)~Thereplacementofanassemblyfilewitharevisedassemblyfileina
runningsystem.In-progresssessionscontinuetoaccesstheoriginalassemblyfromactive
memory.
HotSync(PN)~SoftwareapplicationfromPalmthatpermitsdatasynchronization
betweenaPalmhandheldcomputingdeviceandanothercomputingdevice,suchasa
laptoporpersonalcomputer.Thesynchronizationoccursviaacableconnectionor
wirelessly(forexample,viainfraredsignals).
hourtransaction(n)~Atransactionthatregistersemployeecostsbasedonnumberof
hours.
hourglass~Incomputing,especiallybymeansoftheWindowsoperatingsystem,anicon
thatreplacesthepointerwhenthecomputerisperformingafunctionandcannotreceive
newinput.
hourglasscursor(n)~Acursordisplayedintheformofanhourglassthatindicatesthat
theprogramisperformingalengthytask.Thecursorcanbedisplayedasalarge
hourglass,orasasmallerhourglasswithanarrow.
House(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#35.
housead(n)~AnadthatisservedwhenpaidadsareaheadoftheirNeedofDelivery
(NOD)schedule.
hover(v)~TomovethepointeroveraUIelementforaspecifieddurationwiththeintent
ofinteractingwiththatelement.
hoverfill(n)~AdesignpropertyinProjectSienathatdeterminesthebackgroundcolorof
acontroltowhichauserispointingwithamouse,atrackpad,orasimilardevice.
hoverrectangle(n)~Thespecifiedareaaroundacontrolthatactivatesthedisplayofa
tooltipwhenthemousepausesonit.
hoverselection(n)~Aselectiontechniquedesignedtooptimizeselectionandactivation
ofanobject.Selectionisinitiatedwhentheusermovesthepointerovertheobjectfora
lengthoftimethatislongerthanatime-out.
HowdoI(PN)~ApagethatpresentsacategoricalviewofselectHelpcontentthatthe
usercanbrowse.Dependingontheedition,multipleHowDoIpagesmightbeavailable
foruse.
HowtoTell(PN)~Amarketinginitiativetoassistconsumersinidentifyinggenuine
Microsoftsoftware.
How-to(PN)~AhubwhereuserscanreadHelpandHow-totopics,FAQs,andother
guides.
how-tovideo(n)~Aninstructionalvideoshowinghowtoperformcertainfunctionson
WindowsPhone.
HPC(n)~Thetypeofcomputingthatusessupercomputersorcomputerclustersto
addresscomputationproblemswhichrequirehighbandwidth,lowlatencynetworking,
veryhighcomputecapabilities,etc.
HPET(n)~Ahardwaretimerusedinpersonalcomputers.
HPFS(n)~Afixed-diskfilesystemthatorganizesthediskintovolumes,ratherthan
partitionsandlogicaldrives.HPFSsupportslong,mixed-casefilenamesandextended
attributes,andimplementsseverallevelsofcaching,forimprovedoperating-system
performance.TheIBMOS/2operatingsystemsupportsHPFS.
HPVvaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstinfectionwithcertainspeciesof
humanpapillomavirusassociatedwiththedevelopmentofcervicalcancerandgenital
warts.
HRA(n)~AcomponentofNetworkAccessProtection(NAP)thatvalidatesstatementsof
health(SoHs)andapprovestheissuanceofahealthcertificatetoclientsthatpasshealth
policyverification.
HREF(n)~AnattributeinanHTMLdocumentthatdefinesalinktoanotherlocation
withinadocument,adocumentontheWeb,orane-mailaddress.
HSB(n)~Acolormodelinwhichhueisthecoloritselfasplacedonacolorwheel,where
0-°isred,60-°isyellow,120-°isgreen,180-°iscyan,240-°isblue,and300-°is
magenta;saturationisthepercentageofthespecifiedhueinthecolor;andbrightnessis
thepercentageofwhiteinthecolor.
HSL(n)~Acolormodelthatdefinesacolorbythreevalues:Hue,thecoloritself;
Saturation,thepurityofthecolor;andLuminance,theamountoflightthatiseither
reflectedorabsorbedbythecolor.
HSM(n)~Asecuredevicethatprovidescryptographiccapabilities,typicallybyproviding
privatekeysusedinPublic-keycryptography.
HST(PN)~Avalue-addedtax(VAT)leviedinsomeCanadianprovincesthatcombines
theGoodsandServicesTax(GST)andtheprovisionalsalestax.
HT(n)~Atechnologythatusesahigh-speed,lowlatency,point-to-pointlinktoincrease
thecommunicationspeedbetweenintegratedcircuitsincomputers,servers,embedded
systems,andnetworkingandtelecommunicationsequipmentupto48timesfasterthan
someexistingtechnologies.
HTH~(HopeThisHelps)-Internetslang,oftenaddedattheendofanemailor
newsgrouppostansweringaquestion.
HTML(n)~AnapplicationoftheStandardGeneralizedMarkupLanguagethatusestags
tomarkelements,suchastextandgraphics,inadocumenttoindicatehowWebbrowsers
shoulddisplaytheseelementstotheuserandshouldrespondtouseractions.
HTML~(HyperTextMarkupLanguage)-ThesystemusedforcreatingWorldWide
Web-pages,ordinarytextwithcommandsforspecialeffectslikepictures,colourandlinks
enclosedbetween<>symbols.YoucanaddthevariousHTMLcommandstoordinary
textbyhand-it’snotdifficult,see-AbsoluteBeginner’sHTML--orhaveitgeneratedfor
youbysoftware,eitheroneofthemanyspecialisteditorsorevenawordprocessing
programlikeMicrosoftWord(althoughWordisn’tverygoodatit).
HTMLattribute(n)~AvalueusedwithinanHTMLtagtoassignadditionalpropertiesto
theelementbeingdefined.
HTMLBridge(PN)~InSilverlight,anintegratedsetoftypesandmethodsthatenable
youtoexposemanagedtypestoJavaScriptandcallJavaScripteventhandlersfrom
managedtypes.
HTMLcode(n)~Thecodethatisusedtocreatewebpages.
HTMLcodefragment(n)~HTMLcodethatyouaddtoyourWebpagetocreatefeatures
suchasascript,acounter,orascrollingmarquee.
HTMLelement(n)~AunitofinformationspecifictoHTMLthatincludeseverything
fromthestarttagtotheendtag.
HTMLextension(n)~AfeatureorsettingthatisanextensiontotheformalHTML
specification.ExtensionsmaynotbesupportedbyallWebbrowsers,buttheymaybeused
widelybyWebauthors.Anexampleofanextensionismarqueescrollingtext.
HTMLfile(n)~AfileformatthatcanbeviewedusingaWebbrowser.Withthisfile
format,youcanpublishyourreportsdirectlytoyourIntranetorwebsite.
HTMLnotification(n)~AnHTMLe-mailreminderthatgivesusersasnapshotofthe
newspammessagesdeliveredtotheirSpamQuarantinemailboxsincetheirlast
notification,orsincethelasttimetheyloggedintoSpamQuarantine,whicheverismost
recent.Fromthisremindere-mail,userscanscanthelistofmessagesthathavebeen
filteredandsalvagemessagesorreportthemasfalsepositivesdirectlyfromthe
notification.
HTMLservercontrol(n)~AnASP.NETservercontrolthatbelongstothe
System.Web.UI.HtmlControlsnamespace.AnHTMLservercontrolmapsdirectlytoan
HTMLelementandisdeclaredonanASP.NETpageasanHTMLelementmarkedbya
runat=server’attribute
HTMLsource(n)~TheunrenderedHTMLcodeincludingtagsandsyntax.
HTMLtag(n)~AtextstringusedinHTMLtoidentifyapageelement’stype,format,and
appearance.Manyelementshavestartandendtagsthatdefinewheretheelementstarts
andstops.
HTMLtemplate(n)~Aready-madeorpre-designedwebpagethatcanbemodifiedfora
customdesign.
HTMLViewer(n)~UIelementconsistingofareporttoolbarandothernavigation
elementsusedtoworkwithareport.
HTMLviewingservice(n)~AservicethatautomaticallyconvertsnativeOfficefile
formatstoHTML,enablinguserstoviewfilecontentinaWebbrowser,evenifthe
originalapplicationsarenotinstalledontheircomputer.
http(n)~TheInternetprotocolusedtodeliverinformationovertheWorldWideWeb.
HTTP(n)~TheInternetprotocolusedtodeliverinformationovertheWorldWideWeb.
http~(HyperTextTransferProtocol)-The-protocol-or‘language’computersusetosend
webpagesovertheinternet.AlmosteveryWWWaddressstarts‘http://’,thoughmany
browsersunderstandifyouomitit.
HTTPadapter(n)~AnadapterthatenablesexchangeofmessagesbetweenBizTalk
ServerandanyapplicationusingtheHTTPorHTTPSprotocol.
HTTPhandler(n)~AcomponentregisteredwithASP.NET(typicallywithan.axd
extension)thatproducesWeboutputdynamically.
HTTPmethod(n)~Aremotemethodinvocationsentfromaclient(typicallyaweb
browser)toawebserverovertheHTTPprotocol.ExamplesincludeGET,POST,PUT,
etc.
HTTPmodule(n)~AcomponentthatcanberegisteredaspartoftheASP.NETrequest
lifecycleandthatcanreadorchangetherequestorresponseasitisprocessed.
HttpModulesareoftenusedtoperformspecialtasksthatneedtomonitoreachrequest,
suchassecurityorsitestatistics.
HTTPrequest(n)~ArequesttoanInternetsitethatasksforcontenttoberetrieved.
HTTPreverseproxy(n)~Aproxyserverthatforwardsincomingrequeststooneormore
servers.-Toaclient,thereverseproxyappearsasthefinaldestinationregardlessof
whethertheclient’srequestsareforwardedtooneormoreservers.
HTTPserver(n)~AservercomputerthathostsWebpagesandrespondstorequestsfrom
browsers.
HTTPverb(n)~AninstructionsentinarequestmessagethatnotifiesanHTTPserverof
theactiontoperformonthespecifiedresource.Forexample,GET’specifiesthata
resourceisbeingretrievedfromtheserver.Commonverbsinclude‘GET’
HTTPS(n)~AmessagetransferprotocolusedbytheWorldWideWebtoservicepage
requests,andwhichaddsasecuritylayerusingSecureSocketLayer(SSL)technology.
hub(n)~Adeviceusedtoconnectcomputersonanetworkthatsendsinformation
receivedfromonecomputertoallothercomputersonthenetwork.
Hub(n)~Aplacetoaccessasetofrelatedcontentandexperiences.AHubbrings
togetherapps,servicesandcontentofthesametheme.AHubweavesapps,servicesand
contenttogetherinawaythatmakessense,sothateverydaytasksareeasier,withfewer
steps.
Hub(PN)~Afeaturethatbringstogetherbrowserhistoryandfavoritecontentintoone
placeforfastandeasyaccess.
Hub~Abasicdeviceforconnectingcomputerstogethertoformanetwork.See-Router.
hub~Generally,atermusedtodescribeadevicethatservesasthecenterofastar-
topologynetwork.
hubcomputer(n)~ThecomputerthatmanagestheOneCaresettingsforallcomputersin
aOneCarecircle.
hubcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetocreateappswithhub-likenavigation
patternswhendataisarrangedinmultipleListViews.
hubdatabase(n)~Inahub-spoketopology,adatabasejoiningcommunicationlinesata
centrallocation,providingacommonconnectiontoalldatabasesonthenetwork.
hubmember(n)~Inreplicationtopology,amembertowhichspokemembersare
connected.Filesreplicatefromthehubmembertothespokemembersandviceversa.
hubPC(n)~ThecomputerthatmanagestheOneCaresettingsforallcomputersina
OneCarecircle.
hubserver(n)~Aserverthatsendsoutdatatoaspokeserver.
HubTransportserverrole(n)~AnExchangeServer2007serverrolethatprovides
routingwithinasingleorganizationalnetworkbyusingtheActiveDirectorydirectory
servicesite.DeployedinsidetheActiveDirectoryforest,computersthathavetheHub
Transportserverroleinstalledhandleallmailflowinsidetheorganization,applytransport
rules,applyjournalrules,anddelivermessagestorecipients’mailboxes.Messagesthatare
senttotheInternetarerelayedbytheHubTransportservertotheEdgeTransportserver
rolethatisdeployedintheperimeternetwork.Messagesthatarereceivedfromthe
InternetareprocessedbytheEdgeTransportserverbeforetheyarerelayedtotheHub
Transportserver.TheHubTransportserverrolestoresallitsconfigurationinformationin
ActiveDirectory.Thisinformationincludestransportrulessettings,journalrulesettings,
andconnectorconfigurations.
hubbedmode(n)~AmodeinwhichtheAddressResolutionProtocol/multicastaddress
resolutionservice(ARP/MARS)providesasynchronoustransfermode(ATM)addresses
torequestingclientsintheformofamulticastserver(MCS)listvalue.Inthismode,
ARP/MARSactsasamulticastserver,providingactiveforwardingofallmulticastand
broadcasttrafficdestinedforIPaddressescontainedwithintherangesspecifiedinthelist.
Hubot(PN)~AvirtualagentmodeledafterGitHub’sCampfiretoautomateacompany’s
chatroomandcreateworkitems,queuebuilds,recallthelastworkeditem,andmore.
hub-spoketopology(n)~Atopologybasedonacentralhub,fromwhichnodesradiatein
astar-shapedpattern.
hue(n)~IntheHSBcolormodel,oneofthethreecharacteristicsusedtodescribeacolor.
Hueistheattributethatmostreadilydistinguishesonecolorfromothercolors.Itdepends
onthefrequencyofalightwaveinthevisiblespectrum.
Hue,CyclesEntireColorSpectrum(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
hue-lightness-saturation(n)~Acolormodelinwhichhueisthecoloritselfasplacedon
acolorwheel,where0-°isred,60-°isyellow,120-°isgreen,180-°iscyan,240-°isblue,
and300-°ismagenta;saturationisthepercentageofthespecifiedhueinthecolor;and
brightnessisthepercentageofwhiteinthecolor.
hue-saturation-brightness(n)~Acolormodelinwhichhueisthecoloritselfasplaced
onacolorwheel,where0-°isred,60-°isyellow,120-°isgreen,180-°iscyan,240-°is
blue,and300-°ismagenta;saturationisthepercentageofthespecifiedhueinthecolor;
andbrightnessisthepercentageofwhiteinthecolor.
Huffmancoding(n)~Anentropyencodingmethodforlosslessdatacompression.Ituses
avariablelengthcodetableforencodingasourcesymbol(suchasacharacterinafile)
wherethevariable-lengthcodetablehasbeenderivedinaparticularwaybasedonthe
estimatedprobabilityofoccurrenceforeachpossiblevalueofthesourcesymbol.
Huffmantree(n)~Abinarytreethatminimizestheproductofaleaf’sweightandits
distancefromtheroot,forallleaves.
HumanAugmentation~sometimesreferredtoas‘Human2.0’,creatingcognitiveand
physicalimprovementsasanintegralpartofthehumanbody.
humancapitalmanagementcycle(n)~Arecurringsetofrecruitment,hiring,training,
compensation,andperformanceevaluationactivitiesperformedbypartiesthat
compensateemployeesandcontractorsinexchangeforservices.
humanpapillomavirusvaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstinfectionwith
certainspeciesofhumanpapillomavirusassociatedwiththedevelopmentofcervical
cancerandgenitalwarts.
HumanResourcesInformationSystemImplementation(n)~Atemplatethatoutlines
thesteps,fromanHRperspectiveandataveryhighlevel,neededtoimplementaHuman
ResourcesInformationSystem(HRIS).
HumanWorkflowServices(n)~Asetofworkflowservicesconsistingofactorsthat
createorparticipateinanaction,anactivityflow,oranactivitymodelthatperformssome
processforanactor.
HumanWorkflowServicesAdministration(n)~Asetofactivitiesincludingthe
installation,configuration,anddeploymentofHWSactions,andactivitymodels.Italso
includesadding,removing,andupdatingconstraints,andstopping,deleting,andarchiving
actioninstancesoractivityflows.
HumanWorkflowServicesworkflow(n)~Anyaction,activityflow,oractivitymodel
thatperformsaprocessforanactor.
Humour(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#100.
Hung~Ifacomputer(orsometimesjustaprogram)getscompletelystuckandrefusesto
doanything,ithashung.Seealso-lockup.
huntgroup(n)~Asetoftelephoneextensionsthatareorganizedintoagroup,overwhich
thePrivateBrancheXchange(PBX)hunts’tofindanavailableextension.Ahuntgroupis
usedtodirectcallstoidentically-capableendpointsortoanapplication
huntgroup(n)~Asetofaddressesthatcanbetreatedasalogicalunitsothatcallsofa
specifictype(forexample,supportcallsasopposedtosalescalls)canberoutedtoit.
hunting~Automaticroutingofcallstoanidlecircuitinaprearrangedgroupwhenthe
circuitcalledisbusy.
hunting~Themovementofacallasitprogressesthroughagroupoflines.
HVACplan(n)~Adrawingthatshowsthelayoutofheating,ventilation,andcooling
ductwork.Atypeofbuildingplan.
HWS(n)~Asetofworkflowservicesconsistingofactorsthatcreateorparticipateinan
action,anactivityflow,oranactivitymodelthatperformssomeprocessforanactor.
HWSAdministration(n)~Asetofactivitiesincludingtheinstallation,configuration,and
deploymentofHWSactions,andactivitymodels.Italsoincludesadding,removing,and
updatingconstraints,andstopping,deleting,andarchivingactioninstancesoractivity
flows.
HWSworkflow(n)~Anyaction,activityflow,oractivitymodelthatperformsaprocess
foranactor.
hybridcloud(n)~Thecloudinfrastructureisacompositionoftwoormoredistinctcloud
infrastructures(private,community,orpublic)thatremainuniqueentities,butarebound
togetherbystandardizedorproprietarytechnologythatenablesdataandapplication
portability(e.g.,cloudburstingforloadbalancingbetweenclouds).
hybriddisk(n)~Aharddiskthatcontainsasmallamountofsolid-statenonvolatile
memorywhich,whenusedasacache,canrealizesignificantbenefitssuchasfaster
booting,extendedbatterylife,andamoreruggedPC.
hybriddrive(n)~Aharddiskthatcontainsasmallamountofsolid-statenonvolatile
memorywhich,whenusedasacache,canrealizesignificantbenefitssuchasfaster
booting,extendedbatterylife,andamoreruggedPC.
hybridharddisk(n)~Aharddiskthatcontainsasmallamountofsolid-statenonvolatile
memorywhich,whenusedasacache,canrealizesignificantbenefitssuchasfaster
booting,extendedbatterylife,andamoreruggedPC.
Hybridnetwork~Ahybridnetworkisonethatdoesn’tjustrelyonasinglytypeof
bearerorleasedline.
hybridOLAP(n)~Astoragemodethatusesacombinationofmultidimensionaldata
structuresandrelationaldatabasetablestostoremultidimensionaldata.
HybridRunbookWorker(n)~AfeatureofAzureAutomationtodesignateoneormore
computersinalocaldatacentertoaccessresourcesinthatdatacenter,andthenstore,
manage,anddeliverthemtooneormoreon-premisemachineswheretheyarerun.
hybridsleep(n)~Apower-savingsleepstateinwhichanyopendocumentsandprograms
aresavedtoyourharddisk,inadditiontobeingsavedtomemory,beforethecomputer
entersthelow-powerstate.
HybridWorker(n)~AroleinAzuretostorerunbooksinthecloudbutexecutethemin
anon-premiseenvironment.
HypeCycle~AGartnermodeldesignedtohelpclientsmakeintelligentdecisionsabout
whentoimplementemergingtechnologies.
hyperlink(n)~Aconnectionbetweenanelementinahypertextdocument,suchasa
word,phrase,symbol,orimage,andadifferentelementinthedocumentorinanother
location,awebpage,file,orscript.
Hyperlink~Anykindoflinkonawebpage.Unlessyoutypedthispage’sURLinby
hand,yougotherebyclickingonahyperlink.
hyperlinkaddress(n)~Thepathtoadestinationsuchasanobject,document,orWeb
page.AhyperlinkaddresscanbeaURL(addresstoanInternetorintranetsite)oraUNC
networkpath(addresstoafileonalocalareanetwork).
hyperlinkbase(n)~Whenarelativelinkisbasedonapathyouspecify(thefirstpartof
thepaththatissharedbythefilecontainingthehyperlinkandthedestinationfile),that
pathisthehyperlinkbase.
Hyperlinkdatatype(n)~AdatatypeforanAccessdatabasefieldthatstoreshyperlink
addresses.Anaddresscanhaveuptofourpartsandiswrittenusingthefollowingformat:
AdatatypeforanAccessdatabasefieldthatstoreshyperlinkaddresses.Anaddresscan
haveuptofourpartsandiswrittenusingthefollowingformat:
displaytext#address#subaddress#.
hyperlinkdisplaytext(n)~ThepartofahyperlinkinadocumentorWebpagethat
displaysastextonthescreen.
hyperlinkfield(n)~Afieldthatstoreshyperlinkaddresses.
Hypertext~Awayofpresentingtextsothatyoucanclickonalinkwithinit,sayacross-
reference,andinstantlybetransportedtotherelevanttext,whetheritiselsewhereinthe
currentdocumentorinanotherdocumententirely.Themostobviousexamplesare-World
WideWeb-pages.
Hypertext~Generally,anytextthatcontainslinkstootherdocuments-wordsorphrases
inthedocumentthatcanbechosenbyareaderandwhichcauseanotherdocumenttobe
retrievedanddisplayed.
HypertextMarkupLanguage(PN)~AnapplicationoftheStandardGeneralized
MarkupLanguagethatusestagstomarkelements,suchastextandgraphics,ina
documenttoindicatehowWebbrowsersshoulddisplaytheseelementstotheuserand
shouldrespondtouseractions.
HypertextTransferProtocol(n)~TheInternetprotocolusedtodeliverinformationover
theWorldWideWeb.
HypertextTransferProtocoloverSecureSocketsLayer(n)~Amessagetransfer
protocolusedbytheWorldWideWebtoservicepagerequests,andwhichaddsasecurity
layerusingSecureSocketLayer(SSL)technology.
HypertextTransferProtocolSecure(n)~AmessagetransferprotocolusedbytheWorld
WideWebtoservicepagerequests,andwhichaddsasecuritylayerusingSecureSocket
Layer(SSL)technology.
hyperthreading(n)~Microprocessortechnologythatenablestheconcurrentexecutionof
multipleseparatethreadsonasinglephysicalprocessor.
Hyper-ThreadingTechnology(PN)~Intel’simplementationofsimultaneous
multithreadingthatallowsasinglephysicalprocessortoexecutemultiplethreads
(instructionstreams)simultaneously.
HyperTransport(n)~Atechnologythatusesahigh-speed,lowlatency,point-to-point
linktoincreasethecommunicationspeedbetweenintegratedcircuitsincomputers,
servers,embeddedsystems,andnetworkingandtelecommunicationsequipmentupto48
timesfasterthansomeexistingtechnologies.
HyperTransporttechnology(n)~Atechnologythatusesahigh-speed,lowlatency,
point-to-pointlinktoincreasethecommunicationspeedbetweenintegratedcircuitsin
computers,servers,embeddedsystems,andnetworkingandtelecommunications
equipmentupto48timesfasterthansomeexistingtechnologies.
Hyper-VExtensibleSwitch(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesextensibilitycapabilitiestothe
virtualswitch.Itenablesindependentsoftwarevendors(ISVs)tocreateextensibleplug-
ins(knownasVirtualSwitchExtensions)thatcanprovideenhancednetworkingand
securitycapabilities.
Hyper-VNetworkVirtualization(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesscalable,multi-tenancy
fordatacentersviapolicy-based,software-controllednetworkvirtualizationprovidingfor
flexiblevirtualmachineplacement,overlappingIPaddresses,reducingthemanagement
overheadofIaaSclouds.
Hyper-VReplica(PN)~Afeaturethattransmitschangesthatoccurontheprimaryvirtual
machinerunningontheprimaryservertotheReplicavirtualmachine,whichisstoredon
theReplicaserver.ThisenablestheReplicavirtualmachinetosmoothlyassume
operationsiftheprimaryvirtualmachinemustgoofflineforanyreason.
Hyper-VReplicaBroker(PN)~AnentitythatrepresentsaclusteredservertoHyper-V
Replica.Becauseaclusteredservercomprisesmorethanonephysicalserver,eachwitha
differentname,andbecauseReplicarequiresaphysicalservernameinordertoconfigure
replication,theHyper-VReplicaBrokerprovidesasinglenamethatHyper-VReplicacan
usetomakereferencetotheReplicaserver-€”withouthavingtokeeptrackofwhich
physicalserverisactuallyrunning,evenaftera(clustering)failover.TheHyper-VReplica
BrokerisconfiguredusingFailoverClusterManagerpriortosettingupHyper-VReplica.
Hyper-VServer2012(PN)~AWindowsServer2012product.
hypervisor(n)~Alayerofsoftwarethatexistsabovethehardwareandbelowoneormore
operatingsystems.Itcreatespartitionstoprovideisolatedexecutionenvironmentsand
manageseachpartition’saccesstohardwareresources.
hypervisor~aformofcontrolsoftwarelayerthatenablesmultipleoperatingsystemsto
runonthesamephysicalhardware.TheoldesthypervisorisIBM’sVM-€”butthisonly
runsonS/370-stylehardware(whereithostedMVS,VSE,andotheroperatingsystems).
hyphen(n)~The?character,usedtobreakawordbetweensyllablesattheendofaline
ortoseparatethepartsofacompoundword.
HYPHEN(n)~The?character,usedtobreakawordbetweensyllablesattheendofa
lineortoseparatethepartsofacompoundword.
hyphenation(n)~Theprocessofbreakingawordbetweensyllablesattheendofalineor
toseparatethepartsofacompoundword.
I~
I/Eport(n)~Aportinalibrarythattransportstapestoandfromlibraryslots.
I/O(n)~Thecomplementarytasksofgatheringanddistributingdata.Inputisdatathatis
acquiredfromadeviceorenteredbytheuserthroughadevice.Outputisdatathatissent
toadevice.
I/Oport(n)~Achannelthroughwhichdataistransferredbetweenadeviceandthe
microprocessor.Theportappearstothemicroprocessorasoneormorememoryaddresses
thatitcanusetosendorreceivedata.
I/Orequestpacket(n)~Datastructuresthatdriversusetocommunicatewitheachother.
I/Ostacklocation(n)~ThepartofanI/Orequestpacket(IRP)thatisallocatedforeach
driverinachainoflayereddrivers.Eachdriverownsoneofthestacklocationsinthe
packetandobtainsdriver-specificinformationaboutwhatinput/output(I/O)operationto
performonthespecifieddevice.Thedrivermustusethesuppliedparameters.
I/OUnitHours(n)~TheunitofmeasuretocomputethetotalCPUtimeofaDataLake
workload.
IaaS(n)~Thecapabilityprovidedtotheconsumerofprovisioningprocessing,storage,
networks,andotherfundamentalcomputingresourceswheretheconsumerisableto
deployandrunarbitrarysoftware,whichcanincludeoperatingsystemsandapplications.
Theconsumerdoesnotmanageorcontroltheunderlyingcloudinfrastructurebuthas
controloveroperatingsystems,storage,anddeployedapplication,andpossiblyhas
limitedcontrolofselectnetworkingcomponents(e.g.,hostfirewalls).
IANAL~(IAmNotALawyer)-Internetslang.Amazinghowoftenthisonecomesup.
IAP(n)~AbusinessthatsuppliesInternetconnectivityservicestoindividuals,businesses,
andotherorganizations.AnISPprovidesatelephonenumber,ausername,apassword,
andotherconnectioninformationsothatuserscanaccesstheInternetthroughtheISP’s
computers.
IAP(n)~Asupplementaryitemthatcanbepurchasedbyauserfromwithinanapp,and
forusewiththatapp.
IA-PC(n)~Anycomputerbuiltwithaprocessorthatconformstothearchitecturedefined
bytheIntelprocessorfamilybasedonthe486instructionsetandhasanindustry-standard
computerarchitecture.
IAS(n)~ApartofanIrDAinfraredcommunicationprotocolusedsothatdevicescan
learnabouttheservicesofferedbyanotherdevice.
IASServer(n)~Aservercomponentthatcoordinatestheoutputfromallthesystem
healthvalidators(SHVs)anddetermineswhetherQuarantineEnforcementServer(QES)
componentsshouldisolateaclientfromthenetworkornotbasedonhealthpolicy
compliance.
IB(oth)~AnincometaxonprofitsusedintheNetherlands.
IBAN(n)~Anaccountnumberschemethatisrecognizedbybanksinternationallyto
facilitatecredittransfersacrossnational/regionalborders.
I-beam(n)~Amousecursorusedbymanyapplications,suchaswordprocessors,whenin
text-editingmode.TheI-beamcursorindicatessectionsofthedocumentwheretextcanbe
inserted,deleted,changed,ormoved.ThecursorisnamedforitsIshape.
I-beampointer(n)~Amousecursorusedbymanyapplications,suchaswordprocessors,
whenintext-editingmode.TheI-beamcursorindicatessectionsofthedocumentwhere
textcanbeinserted,deleted,changed,ormoved.ThecursorisnamedforitsIshape.
IBM~(InternationalBusinessMachines)-Thecompanythatdesignedandbuiltthefirst
PCs,andstillagiantoftheindustry.StandardPCswereoriginallyreferredtoas‘IBM
compatible’,althoughIBMnolongercontrolsthePCstandard,norevenbuildsPCs.
IBS(n)~AprocessthatusesinstallationtechnologiesthatinstallWindowsimages(.wim
files).
iCalendar(n)~Thefilenameextensionofafilecontainingcalendarinformationthatcan
besharedamongdifferentcalendarprograms.
ICF(n)~ANetworkConnectionsfeaturethatisusedtosetrestrictionsonwhattrafficis
allowedtoenteryournetworkfromtheInternet.
ICM(PN)~Microsoft’simplementationofdevice-independentcolormanagement
support,asdefinedbytheInternationalColorConsortium(ICC).
ICMP(n)~ArequiredmaintenanceprotocolintheTCP/IPsuitethatreportserrorsand
allowssimpleconnectivity.ICMPisusedbythePingtooltoperformTCP/IP
troubleshooting.
ICOfile(n)~Thefilefortheiconontheclient’sdesktopusedtolaunchasequenced
application.
icon(n)~Asmallpicturethatrepresentsafile,folder,program,orotherobjector
function.
Icon~Smallpictogrameitherrepresentinga-file,orprovidingshortcutsforcarryingout
commontaskssuchas-saving-andprintinginsidean-application.
icon~Symbolsorillustrationsonthedesktoporcomputerscreenthatindicateprogram
files,documents,orotherfunctions.
icon~
iconcharacter(n)~TheanimatediconfromtheHelpandSupportCenterthatguides
usersthroughtheirfirst-runexperienceorWindowsWelcome.
iconoverlay(n)~AnimagesuperimposedonaniconinMMCtoindicateaconditionor
status.
iconoverlay(n)~Aniconthatappearsontopofthetaskbarbuttonicon,usedto
communicatealerts,notifications,andstatus.Iconoverlaysareafeatureofpinnedsitesin
InternetExplorer9.
IconSourceRoot(n)~Aregistrykeythatallowsspecificationofasourcelocationfor
iconretrievalforasequencedapplicationpackageduringpublication.IconSourceRoots
supportUNCformatsonly(notURLs).
Iconview(n)~AUIelementthatenablesausertodisplayWorkstasksasiconswithtext
availableonmouseover.
ICRA(n)~Aninternationalnonprofitgroupthathasdevelopedacontentadvisoryservice
fortheInternet.ICRA’saimistoprotectchildrenfrompotentiallyharmfulmaterialonthe
Internet.
ICS(n)~AMicrosoftWindowstechnologythatprovideshomeandsmall-officecomputer
userswhohavenetworkedcomputerswiththeabilitytoshareasingleconnectiontothe
Internet.
ICT(PN)~Awindowthat,bydefault,opensimmediatelyafteroperatingsystem
installationiscompleteandeachtimeamemberoftheAdministratorsgrouplogsontothe
computer.ByusingcommandsintheInitialConfigurationTaskswindow,youcan
completetheconfigurationrequiredtoidentifythecomputertoothercomputingresources
onyournetwork,securethecomputer,enableadministratorstoperformtasksonthe
computer,andcustomizethecomputerbyaddingrolesorfeatures.
ICU(n)~Asectionofahospitalthatprovidescomprehensivecareforcriticallyillpatients
requiringimmediateandcontinuousattention.
ID(n)~Auniqueidentifierofanobjectorperson.
IDnumber(n)~AnIDthatconsistsofoneormorenumbers.
IDselector(n)~Inacascadingstylesheetstyledefinition(orstylerule),aselectorthatis
usedtodefineastyleforanindividualpageelement,usuallyasaninlinestyle.
IDC/HTXfiles(n)~MicrosoftInternetInformationServerusesanIDCfileandanHTX
filetoretrievedatafromanODBCdatasourceandformatitasanHTMLdocument.
IDE(n)~Atypeofdisk-driveinterfaceinwhichthecontrollerelectronicsresideonthe
driveitself,eliminatingtheneedforaseparateadaptercard.IDEoffersadvantagessuchas
look-aheadcachingtoincreaseoverallperformance.
IDE(n)~Asetofintegratedtoolsfordevelopingsoftware.Thetoolsaregenerallyrun
fromoneuserinterfaceandconsistofacompiler,aneditor,andadebugger,amongothers.
IDE~(IntegratedDriveElectronics)-AtypeofPCharddisk,nowobsolete,the
foreunnerof-EIDE.
Ideamanagement~astructuredprocessofgenerating,capturing,discussingand
improving,organizing,evaluatingandprioritizingvaluableinsightoralternativethinking
thatwouldotherwisenothaveemergedthroughnormalprocesses.
IDEF1X(n)~Aspecificationlanguagefordescribingdatastructures.Visioincludesan
IDEF1Xtemplate.YoucanusetheIDEF1Xentityandrelationshipshapestodiagramthe
structureofdatabases.
idempotencycheck(n)~Achecktoensurethateachuniquedocumentisreceivedonce
andonlyonce.
idempotent(n)~Aninitializationsubroutinethatcompletesanactiononlyonce,evenif
theroutineiscalledmorethanonce.
idempotent(adj)~Characteristicofanactionthathasthesameeffect,whetherperformed
onceormultipletimes.
identification(n)~Theprocessofmappinganobjectontothesupportedidentification
schemasorgettingtheuniqueuseridentifier(UID).Theoperatingsystem,IIS,or
CommerceServerusuallyprovidesthisidentification.
identification(n)~Auniqueidentifierofanobjectorperson.
identification(n)~Prooforevidencethatsupportsanidentityclaim.
identifier(n)~Anytextstringusedasalabel,suchasthenameofaprocedureora
variableinaprogramorthenameattachedtoaharddiskorfloppydisk.
identifier(n)~Anelementofanexpressionthatreferstothevalueofafield,control,or
property.
identifier(n)~Adistinguishinglabelassignedtodataentities.
identifiertypecharacter(n)~Acharacterthatthatforcesaliteraltoassumeadatatype
otherthantheoneitsformindicates.Youdothisbyappendingthecharactertotheendof
theliteral.Forexample,%’forcestheIntegerdatatypeoftheliteral‘L’inthefollowing
declaration:DimL%.’
identifyingfield(n)~Afieldorgroupoffieldsthatidentifyanentityasauniqueobject.
identifyingrelationship(n)~Arelationshipwheretheprimarykeyoftheprincipalentity
ispartoftheprimarykeyofthedependententity.Inthiskindofrelationship,the
dependententitycannotexistwithouttheprincipalentity.
identity(n)~Apersonorentitythatmustbeverifiedbymeansofauthentication,basedon
criteriasuchaspasswordoracertificate.
identity(n)~Thedigitalpersona’bywhichotherusersrecognizeandinteractwithyou.’
identity(n)~Asetofattributesthatdefineauser’saccesstoagivenserviceor
application.
identity(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludesMicrosoftAzure
ActiveDirectory.
identitycolumn(n)~Acolumninatablethathasbeenassignedtheidentityproperty.
identityescape(n)~Inregularexpressions,abackslashfollowedbyasinglecharacter.It
matchesthatcharacterandisrequiredwhenthecharacterhasaspecialmeaning;byusing
theidentityescape,thespecialmeaningisremoved.
identityfederation(n)~AprocessinMicrosoftOnlineServicesthatusesActive
DirectoryFederationServices2.0andMicrosoftFederationGatewaytosecurelyrepresent
identitiesinthecloudandtiethoseidentitiestocorporatecredentials(usernameand
password).Userscanthenusetheircorporatecredentialstosigninoncetoaccessthe
servicesinMicrosoftOnlineServices.
identityincrement(n)~Theincrementalvaluethatisaddedtotheidentityvalueofthe
previousrowthatwasloaded.
identitylifecycle(n)~Thestagesanidentitygoesthroughfromthetimeitisconceived
untilthetimeitisdestroyed.
identitymanagement(n)~Thethemanagementoftheidentitylifecycleofentities(e.g.
people,computers)duringwhichtheidentityiscreated,documentedanddestroyed.
IdentityManagementforUNIX(n)~AfeatureofWindowsthatintegratescomputers
runningWindowsintoanexistingUNIXenterprise.
identityproperty(n)~Apropertythatgeneratesvaluesthatuniquelyidentifyeachrowin
atable.
identityprovider(n)~Aservicethatauthenticatesuserorclientidentitiesandissues
consumablesecuritytokens.
identityservice(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludesMicrosoft
AzureActiveDirectory.
identitystore(n)~Anareaonacomputerwhereidentitiesarestored.
Identitysynchronization(PN)~Theserviceunderlyingtheprocessofreconcilinga
user’scredentialsthatdefinehis/heraccesstoagivenserviceorapplicationfroman
ActiveDirectorydirectoryserviceandkeepthemuptodateautomatically.
identitytag(n)~Atagonaphysicalobjectthatdefinestwo64-bitvaluesthatcanberead
bytheSurfaceVisionSystemandusedtointeractwithSurfaceapplications.Thetwo64-
bitvaluesrepresentaseriesandavalue.Theintentistohaveseveralvaluesassociated
withasingleseries.
identityverification(n)~Theprocessofconfirmingtheidentityofanindividualor
businesswhoisapplyingtothestoreasadeveloper/vendor.
ideograph(n)~AcharacterinanAsianwritingsystemthatrepresentsaconceptoran
idea,butnotaparticularwordorpronunciation.
ideographiccharacter(n)~AcharacterinanAsianwritingsystemthatrepresentsa
conceptoranidea,butnotaparticularwordorpronunciation.
IDL(n)~Inobject-orientedprogramming,alanguagethatletsaprogramorobjectwritten
inonelanguagecommunicatewithanotherprogramwritteninanunknownlanguage.An
IDLisusedtodefineinterfacesbetweenclientandserverprograms.Forexample,anIDL
canprovideinterfacestoremoteCORBAobjects.
idle(adj)~Operationalbutnotinuse.
idleloop(n)~Aloopinwhichnostatementisbeingexecuted.
idlesleep(n)~Asleepstatethatoccurswhenasystemordeviceremainsidlefora
predefinedlengthoftime,asspecifiedbytheuserinPowerOptions.
idletime(n)~Theperiodduringwhichtheapplicationhasanemptymessagequeue.Idle
timepermitstheprocessingofbackgroundtasks.
IDMIFfile(n)~AtypeofManagementInformationFormat(MIF)filethatcanbeusedto
addnewarchitecturesorupdatestoexistingarchitecturesintheSMS/Configuration
Managersitedatabasetoaccommodatecustomhardwareinventoryproperties.
IDN(n)~AnInternetdomainnamethatcanaccommodatenon-ASCIIcharacterssuchas
thediacriticalmarksofEuropeanlanguageornon-Latinatecharacterssuchasthosefound
inChinese,KoreanorArabic.
IDP(n)~AnextensionthatindicatesiftheCRLislimitedtorevocationsforend-entity
certificatesorforCAcertificates.
IDR(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofIndonesia.
IE~(InternetExplorer)-Microsoft’swebbrowser,includedfreeinWindows.Iffollowed
byanumber(IE9,IE8etc),itreferstoaparticularversionofthatbrowser.
IEAK(n)~Asetoftoolsthatenablescorporateadministrators,ISPs,andICPstocreate,
distribute,andmanagecustomizedInternetExplorerpackagesacrossanorganization.The
IEAKcontainstheInternetExplorerCustomizationWizard,theIEAKProfileManager
andtheIEAKToolkit.
IEC(n)~Oneoftwointernationalstandardsbodiesresponsiblefordeveloping
internationaldatacommunicationsstandards.TheInternationalElectrotechnical
Commission(IEC)workscloselywiththeInternationalOrganizationforStandardization
(ISO)todefinestandardsofcomputing.TheyjointlypublishedtheISO/IECSQL-92
standardforSQL.
IECE(PN)~AcompatibilityevaluatorthatworkswithInternetExplorer7toverify
whetheraWebapplicationorWebsitewillhavecompatibilityissueswhenusedonanew
operatingsystem,suchasMicrosoftWindows-Vista.IECEalsoworkswithInternet
ExplorertocreateandprocesslogfilesregardingvisitedWebsitesandapplications.The
logfilesshowcompatibilityissuesforboththeuserandtheACTLogProcessingService.
IEEE(n)~AsocietyofengineeringandelectronicsprofessionalsbasedintheUnited
Statesbutboastingmembershipfromnumerousothercountries/regions.TheIEEE
(pronouncedeyetripleee’)focusesonelectrical
IEEE1394(n)~Astandardforhigh-speedserialdevicessuchasdigitalvideoanddigital
audioeditingequipment.
IEEE1394connector(n)~Atypeofconnectorthatenablesyoutoconnectand
disconnecthigh-speedserialdevices.AnIEEE1394connectorisusuallyonthebackof
yourcomputerneartheserialportortheparallelport.
IEEE1394port(n)~Aportthatsupportseithera6-pinplugwhosesizeis11mmby5.4
mmora4-pinplugwhosesizeis5.35mmby3.45mm.
IEEE1667(PN)~TheIEEEindustrystandardthatdefinesmethodsforauthenticating
transientremovablestoragedevices(e.g.USBflashdrives,memorycards,andportable
harddisks)whentheyaremountedtohostcomputersincorporate,government,academic,
andotherenvironments.
IEEE1667compatiblesilo(n)~AsilothatisdefinedoutsideoftheIEEE1667Working
GroupbutusestheIEEE1667protocoltoprovideextensibilitytoallowpeopleoutsidethe
IEEE1667WorkingGroup(e.g.otherstandards,individuals,companies)todefineasilo
thatusestheIEEE1667protocolforhosttodevicecommunication.
IEEE802.1Xsecuritystandard(n)~AnInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers
(IEEE)standardthatdefinesport-basednetworkaccesscontrolwhicheitherallowsor
deniesconnectionrequeststoIEEE802.3wiredEthernetnetworksorIEEE802.11
wirelessnetworks.
IEEEStandardProtocolforAuthenticationinHostAttachmentsofTransient
StorageDevices(PN)~TheIEEEindustrystandardthatdefinesmethodsfor
authenticatingtransientremovablestoragedevices(e.g.USBflashdrives,memorycards,
andportableharddisks)whentheyaremountedtohostcomputersincorporate,
government,academic,andotherenvironments.
IETF(n)~Aworldwideorganizationofindividualsinterestedinnetworkingandthe
Internet.ManagedbytheIESG(InternetEngineeringSteeringGroup),theIETFis
chargedwithstudyingtechnicalproblemsfacingtheInternetandproposingsolutionsto
theIAB.TheworkoftheIETFiscarriedoutbyvariousWorkingGroupsthatconcentrate
onspecifictopics,suchasroutingandsecurity.
IF/THEN/ELSEstatement(PN)~Atextstatementthatcanbeusedforcalculations,and
thatspecifiescertainconditionsforthedataandtheresultingbehaviorforwhenthose
conditionsaremet.ThestatementusesthetermsIf,Then,andElsetoidentifythe
conditionsandresults.
IFD(n)~Amethodofdeployingon-premisesCRMsothatremoteuserscanconnectto
theapplicationfromtheInternet.
IFRS(n)~AccountingstandardsthatmustbeusedasofJanuary1,2005forEuropean
Union-basedcompanieswithpubliclytradedsharesordebt,subsidiariesforwhich
consolidatedaccountsmustbeprepared,orcompanieswithsubsidiaryorassociate
companiesofaEuropeanUnion-listedcompany.
IFS(n)~Afilesystemthatisaccessedthroughafilesystemdriver(FSD)thatisloaded
ontoadevicebytheuser,ratherthanaccessedbythebuilt-infilesystem.Aninstallable
filesystemmaybeimplementeddifferentlyfromthebuilt-infilesystem.Forexample,an
installablefilesystemmaypreventauserfromdeletingfiles,provideautomatic
compressionoffiles,oruseastructureforinternalinformationdifferentfromthatusedby
thebuilt-infilesystem.
IFSCcode(n)~Aseriesof11alphanumericcharactersusedbytheIndianFinancial
SystemtoidentifybanksparticipatingintheNEFTsystemandtoroutetransactions
betweenbanks.
IGMP(n)~AprotocolusedbyInternetProtocolversion4(IPv4)hoststoreporttheir
multicastgroupmembershipstoanyimmediatelyneighboringmulticastrouters.
IGN~IGNisanentertainmentwebsitethatfocusesonvideogames,films,musicand
othermedia.-http://www.ign.com/
ignore(v)~Totakeactiontonotansweracall.Thecallgoestovoicemailifthatservice
isavailable.
ignore(v)~Tomarkane-mailconversationsothatallcurrentandfuturemessagesinthe
conversationareautomaticallymovedtotheDeletedItemsfolder.
IGP(n)~Aprotocolusedfordistributingroutinginformationamongrouters(gateways)in
anautonomousnetwork-thatis,anetworkunderthecontrolofoneadministrativebody.
ThetwomostoftenusedinteriorgatewayprotocolsareRIP(RoutingInformation
Protocol)andOSPF(OpenShortestPathFirst).
IHV(n)~Acompanythatmanufactureshardwaredevicesandtheassociateddevice
drivers.
IIRC~(IfIRecallCorrectly)-Internetslang.
IIS(n)~MicrosoftWebserversoftware,utilizingtheHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)
todeliverWorldWideWebdocuments.SupportstheCommonGatewayInterface(CGI),
theFileTransferProtocol(FTP),andGopher.
IIS7DeploymentHandler(PN)~AdeploymenthandlerthatintegrateswiththeWeb
Managementservice(WMSVC)andenablesnon-administratorsoradministratorsto
performremoteoperations.
IIS7Manager(PN)~ThetoolthatmanagesservicesthatarehostedintheWindows
ProcessActivationservice(WAS).
IIS7ManagerforRemoteAdministration(PN)~Asoftwareproductthatprovidesthe
abilitytosecurelymanageremoteIIS7serversfromWindows7,WindowsVista,
WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003.
IISAdminObjects(n)~Asetofmethods,providedbyInternetInformationServices
(IIS),thatallowapplicationstoaccessandmodifyconfigurationsettingsinthemetabase.
IISAdvancedLogging(PN)~AnextensionforIIS7thatprovidesflexibilityinlogging
userrequestsandclientdata.TheextensioncanbemanagedbyusingIISManagerand
othertoolsthatcanworkwiththeIIS-7configurationsystem.
IISCPUThrottling(PN)~AnIISfeaturethatlimitsCPU,memory,andbandwidth
consumptionbyasingleapplicationpoolinamultitenantdeployment.
IISDatabaseManager(PN)~AnextensiontoIISformanaginglocalandremote
databasesfromwithinIISManager.
IISinstance(n)~Asystemfororganizingsitesonaserver.Eachservercanhavemore
thanoneIISinstance,andeachIISinstancecanhavemorethanonetop-levelsite.
IISManagermodule(n)~AsetofextensiontoIISManager.WindowsServerAppFabric
extensionstoIISManagerallowyoutoconfigure,control,query,andmonitorWCFand
WFservices(in.NETFramework4).
IISMediaPack1.0(PN)~Media-specificextensionsthatmakedeliveringmediafrom
IISsimpleandcost-effective.BuiltonIIS7,theIISMediaPacksupportsallmediafile
types,protectsmediaassets,andincreasesscalabilitybysupportingmoreconcurrentusers
perserver.
IISMediaServices(PN)~Asetofmedia-relatedextensionsforIIS7thatprovidesan
integratedHTTP-basedmediadeliveryplatform.
IISMediaServices2.0(PN)~Asetofmedia-relatedextensionsforIIS7thatprovidesan
integratedHTTP-basedmediadeliveryplatform.IISMediaServices2.0containsthree
extensions:smoothstreaming,bitratethrottling,andWebplaylists.
IISSiteAnalyzer(PN)~ASearchEngineOptimizationToolkitthatperformsdetailed
analysisandprovidesrecommendationstoimproveaWebsite’srelevanceinsearch
results.
IISTransformManager(PN)~AnextensionforInternetInformationServices(IIS)7
thatbatch-convertson-demandmediafilestoalternatefileandcontainerformats.
IISWebManagementService(PN)~Aservicethatenablesremoteanddelegated
managementofaWebserveranditsWebsitesandapplications.
IKE(n)~Aprotocolthatestablishesthesecurityassociationandsharedkeysnecessary
forcomputerstocommunicatebyusingInternetProtocolsecurity(IPsec).
IL(n)~Anumberthatrepresentshowtrustworthyaparticularprocess,application,or
objectis.
iLink~iLinkistheregisteredtrademarkofSony’sIEEE1394digitalconnection.
illustratedaudio(n)~Astreamthatcombinesaudiowithsynchronizedstillimagesto
makeupanonlineslideshowthatrunsatlowbandwidths.
Illustration&graphicdesign(PN)~TheMultimediadesignsubcategorycontaining
appstohelpwithcreatingdesigns.
ILM(n)~Aproductformanagingtheentirelifecycleofuseridentitiesandtheir
associatedcredentials.Itprovidesidentitysynchronization,certificateandpassword
management,anduserprovisioninginasinglesolutionthatworksacrossMicrosoft
Windowsandotherorganizationalsystems.
ILSserver(n)~Acomputerthatliststhenamesande-mailaddressesofpeoplewhoare
runningNetMeetingandwhoareloggedontotheserver.Thisinformationisusedto
connecttotheircomputers.
IM(n)~Pertainingtoamessagesentinrealtimethroughanetworktoaprivatechatarea.
IM(n)~Amessagesentinrealtimethroughanetworktoaprivatechatarea.
IM(n)~Amethodofreal-timecommunicationovertheInternetinwhichasendertypesa
messagetooneormorerecipientsandtherecipientimmediatelyreceivesthemessageina
chatarea.
IM~(InstantMessenging)-Aprogramthatallowsyouto‘chat’liveviakeyboardoverthe
internet.BothpartiesmustberunningthesameIMsoftware-thereareseveraldifferent
brands,mostlyincompatiblewitheachother.
IMConferencingServer(n)~AservicethatrunsonaLyncServerorOffice
CommunicationsServerfront-endservertomixandmanageinputsfrommultipleclients
inamultipartyinstantmessaging(IM)session.
IMConferencingservice(n)~AservicethatrunsonaLyncServerorOffice
CommunicationsServerfront-endservertomixandmanageinputsfrommultipleclients
inamultipartyinstantmessaging(IM)session.
IMRequests(n)~Anareaontheappbarthatdisplaysrequestsfromotheruserstosee
yourpresenceandrequeststostartaconversationinLync.
IMserviceprovider(n)~Apublicorprivateorganizationthatprovidesinstantmessaging
servicesformultipledomains.
IMserviceproviderstable(n)~AtableconfiguredonanAccessEdgeServerorAccess
ProxycontainingthenamesandFQDNs(fullyqualifieddomainnames)ofIMservice
providers,includingpublicIMserviceproviders,allowedtoconnecttothatAccessEdge
ServerorAccessProxy.Theseproviderstypicallyareresponsibleforroutingtomultiple
domains.
image(n)~Apictorialgraphicsuchasadigitalphotographorillustration.
image(n)~Acollectionoffilesandfolders(sometimescompressedintoonefile)that
duplicatestheoriginalfileandfolderstructureofanoperatingsystem.Itoftencontains
otherfilesaddedbytheOEMorcorporation.
ImageAnnotator(PN)~Theappthatenablesuserstoquicklyannotateimages,create
simpledrawings,andsharethem.
imagebrush(n)~Atilebrushthatpaintsanareawithanimagesource,suchasabitmap
image.
imagecodec(n)~Softwareoranalgorithmthatconvertsimagestoaspecifiedfileformat
(encoder)orfromfileformattodisplayedimage(decoder).
imageediting(n)~Theprocessofchangingormodifyingabitmappedimage,usually
withanimageeditor.
imageeditor(n)~Acomputerprogramthatenablesuserstoadjustaphototoimproveits
appearance.
imageencoder/decoder(n)~Softwareoranalgorithmthatconvertsimagestoaspecified
fileformat(encoder)orfromfileformattodisplayedimage(decoder).
imagefile(n)~Afilecontaininggraphics(illustrations,photographs,etc.)orothervisual
information.
ImageFlashingTool(PN)~AtoolthatcanbeusedtoapplyWindowsimagestomultiple
devicesatonce.Thiscanbeusedonthemanufacturingfloor.
ImageGallery(n)~Arepositoryforstoringandmanagingvisualresources,suchas
imagesandthemes.
imagegroup(n)~AcollectionofWindowsimagefilesintheWindowsDeployment
Servicesimagestorethatsharesecurityoptionsandfileresources.
imagemap(n)~AnimagethatcontainsmorethanonehyperlinkonaWebpage.Clicking
differentpartsoftheimagelinkstheusertootherresourcesonanotherpartoftheWeb
pageoradifferentWebpageorinafile.
imageobject(n)~Anobjectdefinedbypixels.
ImagePicker(n)~ThedialogboxinMicrosoftOfficeLivethatcontainstheimagesusers
haveuploadedtoImageGalleryandfromwhichuserscanselectimagestoplaceontheir
Webpages.
imagepyramid(n)~Aconstructofanimageloadingprocessinwhichapyramid-like
shapeiscreatedoutofanimage.
imageresolution(n)~Thefinenessorcoarsenessofanimageasitisdigitized,measured
indotsperinch(DPI),typicallyrangingfrom200to400DPI.
imagesensor(n)~Adeviceusedindigitalcamerastocapturevisualinformation.
imagesequence(n)~Aconsecutiveseriesofimagescreatedfromconsecutivevideo
frames.
imagestabilization(n)~Atechniquethatincreasessharpnessandfidelityby
compensatingforsomeeffectsthatcameramovementhasonimagesinvideos.
imagestore(n)~TherepositorywhereWindowsimagefilesusedfordeploymentare
stored.
imagewell(n)~Acollectionofimagesofthesamesizeandcolordepththatarestoredas
arowofimagesinasinglebitmap.
image-basedsetup(n)~AprocessthatusesinstallationtechnologiesthatinstallWindows
images(.wimfiles).
imagesetter(n)~Ahighresolutionoutputdevicethatprintstopaperorfilm,ordirectlyto
apressplate.
imaging(n)~TheprocessofcapturinganinstallationofWindowsfordeploymenttoone
ormoredestinationcomputers.
imagingdevice(n)~Ahardwaretypefordigitalcamerasandscanners.
IMAP(n)~Amethodcomputersusetosendandreceivee-mailmessages.Itallowsyouto
accesse-mailwithoutdownloadingittoyourcomputerordevice.
IMAP~(InternetMessageAccessProtocol)-Asystemforcheckingemailthatleavesthe
emailontheserverinsteadofdeletingitafterithasbeendownloaded,widelyusedin
tabletsandphonesandbecomingmorepopularondesktopandlaptopcomputers.
IMAP4(n)~Astandardclient/serverprotocolforreceivinge-mail.Theuser(ortheuser’s
e-mailclient)canviewjusttheheadingandthesenderoftheletterandthendecide
whethertodownloadthemail.
IMDB(n)~ACOMservicethatmaintainsdurablestateinformationandtransientstate
informationinaconsistentmanner.Itisanin-memory,fullytransactionaldatabasesystem
designedtoprovideextremelyfastaccesstodataonthemachineonwhichitresides.
IMDBcatalog(n)~ACOMservicethatmaintainsdurablestateinformationandtransient
stateinformationinaconsistentmanner.Itisanin-memory,fullytransactionaldatabase
systemdesignedtoprovideextremelyfastaccesstodataonthemachineonwhichit
resides.
IME(PN)~Atoolthatletsyouentercomplexcharactersandsymbols,suchasthoseused
inEastAsianwrittenlanguages,usingastandardkeyboard.
immediatequery(n)~ALINQquerythatisevaluatedimmediately.Anyquerythat
returnsasinglevalue,asopposedtoasequenceofvalues,orthatisterminatedbyacallto
ToList,ToArray,ToDictionary,orToLookup.
immediateupdatingsubscription(n)~Asubscriptiontoatransactionalpublicationfor
whichtheuserisabletomakedatamodificationsattheSubscriber.Thedata
modificationsarethenimmediatelypropagatedtothePublisherusingthetwo-phase
commitprotocol(2PC).
immersive(adj)~Pertainingtothechrome-freeUIpresentationmodethatfillsallora
portionofthedisplay.
immutableID(n)~Auniqueuseridentifierthatmustnotchangefortheuseroverthe
lifetimeoftheuserbeinginthesystem.
IMO,IMHO~(InMy(Honest)Opinion)-Internetslang.
imperativesecuritycheck(n)~Asecuritycheckthatoccurswhenasecuritymethodis
calledwithinthecodethatisbeingprotected.Thistypeofcheckcanbedata-drivenand
canbeisolatedtoasinglelocationwithinanobjectormethod.Forexample,ifthename
ofafiletobeprotectedisknownonlyatruntime,animperativesecuritycheckcanbe
invokedbypassingthefilenameasaparametertoasecuritymethod.
impersonation(n)~Theabilityofathreadtoruninthesecuritycontextofasecurity
principaldifferentfromthesecurityprincipalthatstartedtheprocess.Thisisusuallyso
thataprocesscangainaccesstoresourcesonbehalfofauser.
impersonationtoken(n)~Anaccesstokenthatcapturesthesecurityinformationofa
clientprocess,allowingaservicetoimpersonate’theclientprocessinsecurityoperations.’
implementationclass(n)~Inastaticstructurediagram,aclassthatdefinesthephysical
datastructuresandproceduresofanobjectasimplementedinatraditionalprogramming
language,suchasC++.Anobjectmayhaveonlyoneimplementationclass.
implicitcursorconversion(n)~Thereturnofadifferenttypeofcursorthantheuserhad
declared.
implicitintersection(n)~Areferencetoarangeofcellsinsteadofasinglecellthatis
calculatedlikeasinglecell.IfcellC10containstheformula=B5:B15*5,Excelmultiplies
thevalueincellB10by5becausecellsB10andC10areinthesamerow.
implicitkeyframe(n)~Atypeofkeyframethatispresentwhenoneanimationis
interruptedbyanother,andthesecondanimationhasnokeyframesetatthe0second
mark.Theresultingtransitioniscalledhandoffanimation.
implicitprofiling(n)~Aninformationcollectionprocessinwhichtheactionsand
behaviorsofauservisitingaWebsitearerecordedastheusermovesaroundinand
interactswiththeWebsite.
implicitselection(n)~Aselectionthatistheresultofinferenceorthecontextofsome
otheroperation.
implicittargeting(n)~Theprocessofdeliveringtargetedcontentbyusingexistinguser
datatoextrapolateunknowninformationaboutuserswhobrowseyoursite.
implicittransaction(n)~AconnectionoptioninwhicheachSQLstatementexecutedby
theconnectionisconsideredaseparatetransaction.
implicitlytypedlocalvariable(n)~Alocalvariablewhosetypeisinferredfromthe
expressionthatinitializesthevariable.
impliedpermission(n)~Permissiontoperformanactivityspecifictoarole.
import(v)~Tobringinformationfromonesystemorprogramintoanother.Thesystemor
programreceivingthedatamustsomehowsupporttheinternalformatorstructureofthe
data.
ImportDataWizard(PN)~Awizardusedtoimportmultiplerecordsfromacomma-
delimitedtextfileintoMicrosoftDynamicsCRMasrecords.
ImportDocument(PN)~TheSwayoptionbuttonunder-€œAddContent-€?thatallows
userstoselectanofficedocumentandimportitintoSway.
ImportFileParse(PN)~Asystemjobthatparsesafileusedindatamigrationorimport.
importformat(n)~Thefileformatfortheimportofpayments.
Importfromadevice(v)~Anoptionthatallowsusertoimportimagesfromadeviceas
opposedtosomeformofmedia.Devicedenotesanelectronicdevicecapableofshowing
ortransmittingdigitalimages.
importmediapool(n)~Alogicalcollectionofdata-storagemediathathasnotbeen
catalogedbyRemovableStorage.Mediainanimportmediapooliscatalogedassoonas
possiblesothattheycanbeusedbyanapplication.
importprocess(n)~TheprocessofprovisioningnewusersusingaCSVfile.
Importusers(v)~ThenameoftheadministratoruserinterfaceinOutlookLiveusedto
importnewuserswithaCSVfile.
ImportVideo(n)~AWindowswizardthathelpstheuserimportdigitalvideotothe
computerfromdigitalvideocamerasandothersources.
ImportXMLWizard(n)~AfeatureinMicrosoftCRMCustomizationthatimports
customizedformsandviews.
Import/Export(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicewhichallowsuserstoimportor
exportlargeamountsofdatatoorfromBlobstorageviaaphysicaldisk.
importedtape(n)~AtapethatcontainscontentthatwascreatedbyanotherDPMserver.
impression(n)~AnopportunitytodeliveranadvertisingelementtoaWebsitevisitor.
Requestsaregeneratedbyeventsonthesite,suchasarequestforaparticularpageorthe
purchaseofaspecificitem.TheadusedtofulfilltherequestisdeterminedbytheNeedof
Delivery.
impression(n)~Anadthatisservedtoauser’sscreeneitherasapushed(sentbye-mail)
orpulledad(requestedbyauser’sbrowser).Thisincludesmeasurementofresponses
fromanaddeliverysystemtoauser’sbrowser.
ImproveThisProduct(v)~MenuitemrelatedtotheCustomerExperienceImprovement
Program
inacall(Adverb)~Pertainingtoauserengagedinaphoneconversation.
Inaconference(PN)~Thestatuslabelthatindicatesthatauserisspeakingwithmore
thanonepersonviaphone.
Inameeting(PN)~Thestatuslabelthatindicatesthatauserhasanacceptedcurrent
meeting,markedBusy,onhisorhercalendar.
inameeting(oth)~Pertainingtoauserwhohasanacceptedmeetingonhisorher
calendarthatismarkedBusy.
incallvolume(n)~Thevolumethatcanbechangedduringacall.
incollection(oth)~Thetitleofascreenshowingalistofalldigitalmedia(including
musicandvideos)fromXboxMusicthatcanbeplayedonthephone.
inprogress(oth)~Pertainingtoascheduledserviceactivitystatusthatdenotesthatthe
serviceactivityisbeingperformed.
inactive(adj)~Pertainingtothestateofanobjectwhenitisnotthefocusofauser’s
input.
Inactive(adj)~Pertainingtoauserwhohasn’tusedhisorhermouse,keyboard,
computer,mobilephone,orcommunicationsdeviceforaspecifiedtime.
inactivedatasource(n)~AdatasourcethathasbeenbackedupontheDPMserverbutis
nolongerbeingactivelyprotected.
inactivewindow(n)~Inanenvironmentcapableofdisplayingmultipleon-screen
windows,anywindowotherthantheonecurrentlybeingusedforwork.Aninactive
windowcanbepartiallyorentirelyhiddenbehindanotherwindow,anditremainsinactive
untiltheuserselectsit.
Inactivity(n)~Atime-outsettinginWebplaylistsafterwhichausersessionisterminated
iftheconnectedclientisnotactivelydownloadingcontentreferencesintheplaylist.
in-airpacket(n)~Apeninputeventwhichiscreatedwhenausermovesapennearthe
tabletandthecursoriswithintheinkcollectorobject’swindowortheusermovesamouse
withintheinkcollectorobject’sassociatedwindow.
in-appoffer(n)~Afeaturethatadeveloperprovidesinanappforconsumerstobuyfrom
withintheappthroughanin-apppurchasetransaction.
in-appproduct(n)~Asupplementaryitemthatcanbepurchasedbyauserfromwithin
anapp,andforusewiththatapp.
in-apppurchase(n)~Atransactionperformedbyaconsumerfromwithinthecontextof
anapptobuyadditionalfeaturesforthatapp.
in-appsearch(n)~Anend-to-endsearchfunctionalityinanapp.
in-appsearchcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetoimplementtheprimaryentry
pointforin-appsearch.
in-appsubscription(n)~Anagreementinwhichacustomerprepaysforperiodicor
regularservices.
in-appup(n)~Withinaparticularapp,anaffordancethatenablestheusertonavigate
backinthatapp’sUIhierarchy.
in-bandaccess(n)~AccesstohostviaaconnectionthatdoesusetheIPNetwork.
inbounddock(n)~Anareainawarehousewhereitemsarestoredwhentheyarereceived
ininventory.
InboundMailServer(PN)~TheIPaddressthatinbounde-mailisdeliveredtoafterithas
beenprocessedbytheHostedFilteringservice.InboundMailServeraddressesaredefined
foreachdomaininyourorganization.
inboundport(n)~Aportforservicinginboundrequests.
inboundrouter(n)~Anapplicationonafront-endserverthatmanagestheroutingof
inboundmessagestounifiedcommunicationsusers.
Inbox(n)~Thefolderthatbydefaultreceivesnewmessages.
in-boxdriver(n)~AdrivercontainedinthedefaultWindowsinstallation.
Inboxfolder(n)~Thefolderthatbydefaultreceivesnewmessages.
Inboxrule(n)~Arulethatisdefinedbyanend-userusingOutlookorOutlookWebApp.
Whenamessagethatmeetstheconditionsoftheruleissentorreceived,theruletriggers
anactionthatisperformedautomatically.
In-Call(PN)~Thephone’svolumemodewheninacall.
In-callalertvolume(PN)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertopredeterminethevolumeof
alertsoundsgeneratedbythedeviceduringacall.
incident(n)~Awayoftrackinganyeventthatisnotpartofthestandardoperationofa
serviceandthatcauses,ormaycause,aninterruptionto,orareductionin,thequalityof
thatservice.
incidentreport(n)~Areportthatiscreatedwhenauserexceedsaquotathresholdortries
tosaveanunauthorizedfile.
includedcolumnindex(n)~Anonclusteredindexcontainingbothkeyandnonkey
columns.
inclusion(n)~Termorsentencethatmustbefoundinconjunctionwithasearchphrase.
incomestatement(n)~Areportthatsummarizesacompany’scosts,expenses,and
revenuesforaspecificaccountingperiod.
Incoming(PN)~Alabelthatindicatesacallmadetothephone.
incomingarea(n)~Aconversationareawhereincomingconversations,includingphone
calls,conferencecalls,andinstantmessages,aredisplayed.
incomingcall(n)~Acurrentattemptbyasecondpartytoestablishcommunicationwitha
user.
incomingconversation(n)~Aconversationinitiatedbyanotheruser.
incomingconversationalert(n)~Anotificationthattheuserreceiveswhensomeoneis
sendinganinvitationtotheusertobeginaconversationinLyncorCommunicator.
incomingconversationarea(n)~Aconversationareawhereincomingconversations,
includingphonecalls,conferencecalls,andinstantmessages,aredisplayed.
incominginstantmessagealert(oth)~Anotificationthattheuserreceiveswhen
someonesendsaninstantmessagetothatuser.
incominglink(n)~Ahyperlinkonanoutsidedomainthatpointsintotheuser’sdomain.
incomingmail(n)~Amessagethathasbeensentacrossoneormoremessagingsystems.
Itmayhavebeensentonlytoyouortomanyotherrecipients.Incomingmessagesare
placedinareceivefolderdesignatedtoholdmessagesofaparticularclass.Youcansetup
adifferentreceivefolderforeachmessageclassthatyouhandleoruseonefolderforall
oftheclasses.
incomingmessage(n)~Amessagethathasbeensentacrossoneormoremessaging
systems.Itmayhavebeensentonlytoyouortomanyotherrecipients.Incoming
messagesareplacedinareceivefolderdesignatedtoholdmessagesofaparticularclass.
Youcansetupadifferentreceivefolderforeachmessageclassthatyouhandleoruseone
folderforalloftheclasses.
incomingURL(n)~TheoriginalURLfromtherequestcontextorhigherlevelOMcall.
incomingvideo(n)~Avideostreamfromasourcethatisexternaltotheuser’scomputer.
incompatible(adj)~Unabletobeusedtogether.
in-countrynumberformat(n)~Thestringthatisusedtodefinehowtocreateanin-
country/regionnumbertousewhenmakingcallsfromadialplan.
in-country/regionnumberformat(n)~Thestringthatisusedtodefinehowtocreatean
in-country/regionnumbertousewhenmakingcallsfromadialplan.
increase(n)~Atransactionwhereitemscomeintoinventory.
increment(n)~Ascalarorunitamountbywhichthevalueofanobjectsuchasanumber,
apointerwithinanarray,orascreenpositiondesignationisincreased.
increment(v)~Toincreaseanumberbyagivenamount.Forexample,ifavariablehas
thevalue10andisincrementedsuccessivelyby2,ittakesthevalues12,14,16,18,and
soon.
incrementoperator(n)~Anoperatorthatincreasesanintegertypicallyby1.
incremental(adj)~Increasinggraduallybyregulardegreesoradditions.
incrementalbackup(n)~Abackupthatcopiesonlythosefilescreatedorchangedsince
thelastnormalorincrementalbackup.Itmarksfilesashavingbeenbackedup(inother
words,thearchiveattributeiscleared).Ifyouuseacombinationofnormaland
incrementalbackupstorestoreyourdata,youwillneedtohavethelastnormalbackup
andallincrementalbackupsets.
incrementalcollectionevaluation(n)~Afeaturethatenablesyoutoevaluatenewor
changedmembersofacollection.
incrementalcollectionmemberevaluation(n)~Aprocessthatperiodicallyscansfor
neworchangedresourcesfromthepreviouscollectionevaluationandthenupdatesthe
collectionmembershipwithonlytheseresources.
incrementalcrawl(n)~Acrawlthatoperatesonadefinedscheduletoscanandindex
newandmodifiedcontentfromasource.
incrementalpublishtotheWeb(oth)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutopublishupdatestoa
previouslypublishedWebsitequicklybypublishingonlythosefilesyouhaveupdated.
incrementalsearch(n)~Atypeofsearchthatlooksforastringinanautomaticand
progressiveway.Astheusertypesastring,possiblematchesarefound,thusenablingthe
usertostoptypingthecompletestringassoonastherightmatchisfound.
incrementalsynchronization(n)~Ine-mailmigration,thestagewhenthemailboxesin
theon-premisesExchangeorganizationandthecorrespondingcloud-basedmailboxesare
synchronizedevery24hours,aftertheinitialsynchronization.Thismeansthatanynew
messagessenttothemailboxesontheExchangeserverarecopiedtothecorresponding
cloud-basedmailboxes.Incrementalsynchronizationcontinuesuntiltheadministrator
completestheoverallmigration.
incrementalupdate(n)~Thesetofoperationsthateitheraddsnewmemberstoan
existingcubeordimension,oraddsnewdatatoapartition.
incrementalzonetransfer(n)~InDNS,azonetransferrequestinvolvingonly
incrementalresourcerecordchangesbetweeneachversionofthezone.AnIXFRcontrasts
withafullzonetransfer(AXFR)requestforallresourcerecords.
indent(n)~Displacementoftheleftorrightedgeofablockoftextinrelationtothe
marginortootherblocksoftext.
indent(v)~Todisplacetheleftorrightedgeofatextitem,suchasablockoraline,
relativetothemarginortoanothertextitem.
indent(v)~Tomoveatasktoaloweroutlinelevel[totheright]intheTaskNamefield.
Whenyouindentatask,itbecomesasubtaskofthenearestprecedingtaskatahigher
outlinelevel.
indentation(n)~Displacementoftheleftorrightedgeofablockoftextinrelationtothe
marginortootherblocksoftext.
independentanimation(n)~Ananimationthatchangesthevalueofapropertyandruns
onaseparate,hardware-acceleratedsystemthread.
independentassociation(n)~Anassociationbetweenentitiesthatisrepresentedand
trackedbyanindependentobject.
independentcomposition(n)~Thesequencingoftwoactionswherethesecondaction
doesnotdependonasyncmessagefromthefirstactionbeforethesecondactionbegins
processingbusinesslogic;thesecondactioncanbeginimmediately.
independentdeveloper(n)~Asoftwaredeveloperwhoisworkingontheirownbehalf,
ratherthanonthebehalfofacompany.
independenthardwarevendor(n)~Acompanythatmanufactureshardwaredevicesand
theassociateddevicedrivers.
independentsoftwarevendor(n)~Athird-partysoftwaredeveloper;anindividualoran
organizationthatindependentlycreatescomputersoftware.
index(n)~Inprogramming,ascalarvaluethatallowsdirectaccessintoamulti-element
datastructuresuchasanarraywithouttheneedforasequentialsearchthroughthe
collectionofelements.
index(v)~Inadatabase,tofinddatabyusingkeyssuchaswordsorfieldnamestolocate
records.
index(n)~Alistingofkeywordsandassociateddatathatpointtothelocationofmore
comprehensiveinformation,suchasfilesandrecordsonadiskorrecordkeysina
database.
index(n)~AmarkerproducedbytheWindowsMediaFormatSoftwareDevelopmentKit
(SDK)toenableseekinginavideofile.
index(n)~Avaluemultipliedbythebasepricetocalculateasubscriptionprice.
Index(PN)~Thedynamicalphabetbarthatrunsalongthebottomofthelistviewsinthe
MicrosoftDynamicsCRMWebapplicationwindow.Whenauserclicksaletter,thelist
viewfilterstheavailablerecordsbythatletter.
index(v)~Tocreateanindex.
index(v)~Tolocatedatabasedonanindex.
index~Thenameonsomeoperatingsystemsforadirectorylistingoffiles.
index~Thestartingpointofadataset.Forexample,sayarecordwithinasectorofa
cylinderofadisk.Thefirstbitofthecontainerdoesnothaveuserdata.Itisthepointerto
theindexofthatcontainer.
index~Afileofinformation,usuallysmallamountsofthesameinformationinanother
filethatismuchlarger.Thesmallerfilealsokeepstrackoftheexactrecordnumberofthe
recordinthelargefilecontainingthesameinformation,onlyinmuchgreaterdetail.
indexallocation(n)~ANTFSFileAttributeTypeusedtoimplementfoldersandother
indexes.
IndexAllocationMap(PN)~Apagethatmapstheextentsina4-GBpartofadatabase
filethatisusedbyanallocationunit.
indexentry(n)~Afieldcodethatmarksspecifictextforinclusioninanindex.Whenyou
marktextasanindexentry,MicrosoftOfficeWordinsertsanXE(IndexEntry)field
formattedashiddentext.
indexpage(n)~Adatabasepagecontainingindexrows.
indexpartition(n)~Alogicalportionofthesearchindex.
indexpropagation(n)~Theprocessofdistributinganindexfromacontentindexserver
tooneormoreWebserversforthepurposesofprovidingsearch.
indexreplica(n)~Acopyofasearchindexwithinanindexpartition.
indexrole(n)~Therolenameofaserverthatservicesindexinginthefarmtopology.
indexserver(n)~Aserverthatcrawlscontentandusesthatcontenttocreatethecontent
index.
indexupdate(n)~Aphysicaloperatorthatupdatesrowsfromitsinputinthe
nonclusteredindexspecifiedintheArgumentcolumn.
indexedsequentialaccessmethod(n)~Atechniqueforindexingdatabaserecordsthat
allowssequentialorrandomaccessofrecords.Whenrecordsareaccessedsequentially
theyareaccessedintheorderinwhichtheywereenteredinthedatabase,andwhen
recordsareaccessedrandomly,therecordsareaccessedthroughanindex.
indexedview(n)~Aviewwithauniqueclusteredindexappliedonittoimprovethe
performanceofsometypesofqueries.
indexer(n)~Aclassmemberthatpermitsinstancesofaclassorstructuretobeaccessed
inthesamewayasarrays.Indexersaresimilartoproperties,exceptthatthegetandset
accessormethodsofindexerstakeparameters,whereaspropertyaccessormethodsdonot.
indexer(n)~Anapplicationthatperformsorcoordinatesindexing.
IndexerInputHours(n)~Aresourceofthe‘MediaServices’servicetypeofthe‘Media’
servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’billingbasedonthenumberofhoursforindexerinputs.
IndiaCentral(PN)~AnAzuregeo/regiondesignationfortheCentralregionstatesof
Indianpeninsularboundary.
IndiaWest(PN)~AnAzuregeo/regiondesignationfortheWesternregionstatesof
Indianpeninsularboundary.
indicator(n)~Asetofgraphics,text,andcolorsfordefiningdifferentlevelsof
performancewhencomparinganactualvalueandatargetvaluewithinaKPI.
indicator(n)~Agraphicthatprovidesinformationaboutthestateofanassignment,
resource,ortask.Forexample,acheckmarkindicatorshowsthatataskiscompleted.
indicatormargin(n)~AgrayareaontheleftsideoftheVisualStudioCodeEditorwhere
itemssuchasbreakpoints,bookmarks,andshortcutsaredisplayed.
Indie(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#131.
indirectcompensation(n)~Thefixedcompensationawardedtoanemployeeinorderto
promoteemployeeretention.
indirectcost(n)~Acostthatisnotdirectlyattributedtotheproductionofanitemorthe
performanceofaservice.
indirectprice(n)~Apricethatisassociatedwithapricingcategory.Thepricefieldinthe
productrecordisignored.
indirectreconciliationmethod(n)~Amethodofderivingthenetincomeprovidedby
operatingactivitiesbyadjustingforrevenueandexpenseitemsthatdonotresultfrom
cashtransactions.
indirection(n)~Theabilitytoreferencedatausinganame,reference,orcontainerinstead
ofthevalueitself.Themostcommonformofindirectionistheactofmanipulatingavalue
throughitsmemoryaddress.
individualdetail(n)~Adetailenteredasaccountinformationforanindividual,rather
thanacompany.
indoormap(n)~AMapsfeaturethatshowsthelayoutandlocationofstoresina
shoppingmall.
in-doubttransaction(n)~Atransactionthathasbeenpreparedbuthasn’treceiveda
decisiontocommitorabortbecausetheservercoordinatingthetransactionisunavailable.
Industrial(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#19.
Industry(n)~ThelabelforaDropDownlistofindustrytypestobeassociatedwithan
Account.
industrycode(n)~Acodeusedtoidentifydifferentindustriessuchasautomotive,
aviation,andbeverage.Youuseindustrycodestoidentifytheassociatedindustryofan
advertisement,thuspreventingtwoadsfromcompetingcompaniesinthesameindustry
fromappearingonthesamepage.
industryvertical(n)~Asegmentofthemarketplace,notallofitatonce.
infect(v)~Toinstallmalicioussoftwareonacomputerorinsertmalicioussoftwarecode
intoafileorloadmaliciouscodeintomemory.
inferencerule(n)~Thecommandthatrunsifthedependencyisnotcurrent.
inferencetraining(n)~Atime-basedassistant(TBA)thatparsesemailsandmakes
internalinferencesbasedonthem.Inferencesareusedtoallowthesystemtogaininsight
intoauser’smailboxbasedonuserpatterns.Thoseinferencesarethenusedtopopulate
featuresforusers,suchasPeopleViewinOutlookWebApp.
inferencetrainingfeeder(n)~Acomponentthatfeedsdata(suchasmailboxmessages)
totheinferencetrainingassistantinbatches.Itcontrolsperformancebygivingthe
inferencetrainingassistantafixedamountofworktoprocessateachinterval.
infiniteloop(n)~Aloopthat,becauseofsemanticorlogicerrors,canneverterminate
throughnormalmeans.
infiniteloop(n)~Aloopthatisintentionallywrittenwithnoexplicittermination
conditionbutwillterminateasaresultofsideeffectsordirectintervention.
infinitematerial(n)~Amethodforschedulingresourcesthatassumesthatallthe
componentmaterialsneededforproductionareavailableatthetimetheyareneeded.
infinitescroll(oth)~Afeaturethatprovidesimageresultsthatareeasytobrowsewithout
havingtoclicktoanewpage.
infixpattern(n)~Themiddlebytesinagivenstreamofbytes.
inflation(n)~Theoverallpricemovement(generallyupward)ofgoodsandservicesinan
economy.
inflexibleconstraint(n)~Aconstraintthattiesatasktoadate.Theinflexibleconstraints
areMustFinishOnandMustStartOn.
info(n)~Themeaningofdataasitisintendedtobeinterpretedbypeople.Dataconsists
offacts,whichbecomeinformationwhentheyareseenincontextandconveymeaningto
people.Computersprocessdatawithoutanyunderstandingofwhatthedatarepresents.
InfoBar(PN)~Anareainabrowserormailprogramthatdisplaysvariousinformationor
messagesfortheuser.
infomode(n)~UIstatewherefunctionalityonwidgetsisdisabledandcoloredoverlays
arepresentedtotheuser.
infopart(n)~AUIpartontheright-sideofalistplaceortaskpagethatcancontain
graphs,lists,detailsorlinks.Ontaskpagesandlistplacestheinfopartrelatesspecifically
totheselectedlineorlinesonthegrid.Therearetwotypesofinfoparts,supportinginfo
partsanddetailsinfoparts.
InfoBar(n)~Bannernearthetopofanopene-mailmessage,appointment,contact,or
task.Tellsyouifamessagehasbeenrepliedtoorforwarded,alongwiththeonlinestatus
ofacontactwhoisusingInstantMessaging.
infocode(n)~Amessagetothecashierthatistriggeredbyeventsattheregister.
InfoPath2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofInfoPath.
InfoPathFiller(PN)~AnenvironmentintheInfoPathclientthatenablesuserstofillout
forms(asopposedtodesigningthem).Itmustbeusediftheformstobefilledoutarenot
browser-compatible.
InfoPathFormWebPart(n)~AWebPartthatdisplaysabrowser-enabledInfoPath
form.
InfoPathFormsServices(PN)~AserverbuiltuponandintegratedwiththeMicrosoft
WindowsSharePointServicesplatformtoenableWeb-baseduseofInfoPathform
templates,byrenderingeditableInfoPathformsinHTMLinthebrowser.
InfoPathimporterforExcelworkbooks(PN)~AfeaturethatcreatesanewInfoPath
formtemplatefromanexistingMicrosoftExcelform.
InfoPathimporterforWorddocuments(PN)~AfeaturethatcreatesanewInfoPath
formtemplatefromanexistingMicrosoftWordform.
informalagent(n)~Anagentwhoisnotdedicatedtocontactcenteractivity.Aninformal
agentdoesn’tseeagentinformationinhisorhercommunicationsclientandmaynoteven
beawarethatheorsheisconsideredasanagentbythesystem.Ontheserverside,an
informalagentisconsideredasalwayssignedin.
InformationAccessService(n)~ApartofanIrDAinfraredcommunicationprotocol
usedsothatdevicescanlearnabouttheservicesofferedbyanotherdevice.
informationalert(n)~Analertthatindicatesthatthedatasourceanditsprotected
namespaceelementsaredoingwell.Examplesofthesetypesofmessagesarethe
completion(eithersuccessfulornot)oflongrunningtasksthatwouldnormallybe
followedbyfurtheractiononthepartoftheadministratororinterestingchangesinthe
namespace(forexample,newsharesorvolumesonprotectedservers).
Informationbar(n)~Anareainabrowserormailprogramthatdisplaysvarious
informationormessagesfortheuser.
informationcard(n)~InCardSpace,asetofidentityinformation,representingauser.
informationcontrolblock(n)~AcontrolnodeinUniversalDiskFormatcontaining
metadatadescribingfileanddirectorystructures.
informationdisclosure(n)~Theexposureofinformationtoindividualswhonormally
wouldnothaveaccesstoit.
informationmodel(n)~Anobject-orientedschemathatdefinesmetadataconstructsused
tospecifythestructureandbehaviorofanapplication,process,component,orsoftware
artifact.
informationpacket(n)~Acollectionofmaterialfortheinformationofaspecific
audience.
informationpage(n)~Atypeofpagethatisdesignedtodisplaydetailedinformation
aboutoneparticularentity.
InformationProtectionandControl(PN)~AMicrosofttechnologythatisimplemented
byAzureRightsManagementservicethroughasetofmethodsandcapabilitiestocontrol
howdataisusedanddistributedbeyondtheuseofsimpleaccesscontrolandprevent
accidentalandunauthorizeddistributionofsensitiveinformation.
InformationRightsManagement(n)~Apolicytoolthatgivesauthorscontroloverhow
recipientsusethedocumentsande-mailstheysend.
InformationRightsManagementServices(PN)~Aninformationprotectiontechnology
thatworkswithRMS-enabledapplicationstohelpsafeguarddigitalinformationfrom
unauthorizeduse.
informationsystems(n)~Theformalnameforacompany’sdataprocessingdepartment.
informationtechnology(n)~Theformalnameforacompany’sdataprocessing
department.
Informational(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
informationalalert(n)~Analertthatindicatesthatthedatasourceanditsprotected
namespaceelementsaredoingwell.
informationalannouncement(n)~Anaudiomessagethatisplayedwhenauserfirst
dialsintoaUnifiedMessagingsystemthatdescribessometemporaryconditionofinterest
toallusers.
informationalmessage(n)~Amessagefromthesystemoraprogramtouserstoprovide
informationthattheyneedtobeawareof.
informeddecision(n)~Adecisionmadewithup-to-dateinformation.
infotip(n)~Asmallpop-upwindowthatdescribestheobjectbeingpointedto,suchasa
control,icon,orlinks.Itcontainsmoreinformationthanastandardtooltip.
infotip(n)~InBizTalkMapper,adisplayofinformationaboutthefunctoidname,the
functoidlabel,thefunctoidcomment,andtheinputparameters(ifexisting).
infrared(adj)~Havingafrequencyintheelectromagneticspectrumintherangejust
belowthatofredlight.
infraredconnection(n)~Awaytowirelesslyconnectcomputersanddevices,using
infraredlighttosendinformation.
InfraredDataAssociation(n)~Theindustryorganizationofcomputer,component,and
telecommunicationsvendorswhohaveestablishedthestandardsforinfrared
communicationbetweencomputersandperipheraldevicessuchasprinters.
infrareddevice(n)~Acomputer,oracomputerperipheralsuchasaprinter,thatcan
communicateusinginfraredlight.
infraredfiletransfer(n)~Wirelessfiletransferbetweenacomputerandanother
computerordeviceusinginfraredlight.
infrarednetworkconnection(n)~Adirectorincomingnetworkconnectiontoaremote
accessserverusinganinfraredport.
infraredport(n)~Anopticalportthatcanenablecommunicationbetweencomputers,
peripheralsandmobiledevicesbyusinginfraredlight,withoutcables.
InfrastructureAdministrator(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionsto
administrativeuserssothattheycanperformmigrationtasksandcreate,delete,and
modifytheConfigurationManagerserverinfrastructure.
InfrastructureAPIsfortheWindowsRuntime(PN)~AsetofC++APIsthatareused
bytheWindowsRuntimetogainaccesstooperatingsystemfunctionality.Theyare
primarilydesignedfortheinfrastructureoftheWindowsRuntime,buttheycouldbeused
inadvancedC++WindowsStoreappdevelopment.
infrastructurearchitecture(n)~Thetopologyofthedeploymentenvironmentincluding
protocols,securitylevels,andservices.Thisarchitectureprovidesalogicalmappingtothe
deploymentenvironment,suchasthedatacenter.
infrastructureasaservice(n)~Thecapabilityprovidedtotheconsumerofprovisioning
processing,storage,networks,andotherfundamentalcomputingresourceswherethe
consumerisabletodeployandrunarbitrarysoftware,whichcanincludeoperating
systemsandapplications.Theconsumerdoesnotmanageorcontroltheunderlyingcloud
infrastructurebuthascontroloveroperatingsystems,storage,anddeployedapplication,
andpossiblyhaslimitedcontrolofselectnetworkingcomponents(e.g.,hostfirewalls).
infrastructurelayer(n)~ThelayerthatrepresentstheITadministrationofthephysical
hardwareandoperatingsystemsthatsupporttheserviceslayer.
infrastructuremaster(n)~Adomaincontrollerthatholdstheinfrastructureoperations
masterroleinActiveDirectory.Theinfrastructuremasterupdatesthegroup-to-user
referencewhenevergroupmembershipschangeandreplicatesthesechangesacrossthe
domain.Atanytime,theinfrastructuremasterrolecanbeassignedtoonlyonedomain
controllerineachdomain.
ingestion(n)~Theintakeofcontentbyaservice.
ingressevent(n)~Aneventmarkedbyaninbounddatatransfer.
inherit(v)~Toacquirethecharacteristicsofanotherclass,inobject-oriented
programming.Theinheritedcharacteristicsmaybeenhanced,restricted,ormodified.
inheritance(n)~Amechanismthatallowsagivenaccesscontrolentry(ACE)tobe
copiedfromthecontainerwhereitwasappliedtoallchildrenofthecontainer.Inheritance
canbecombinedwithdelegationtograntadministrativerightstoawholesubtreeofthe
directoryinasingleupdateoperation.
inheritance(n)~Thetransferofthecharacteristicsofaclassinobject-oriented
programmingtootherclassesderivedfromit.Forexample,ifvegetable’isaclass
Inherited(adj)~Anassignmenttypemeaningthattheuserorgrouphasbeengranted
accessataparentnodeoftheresourcehierarchy.
inheritedpermissions(n)~Permissionsonanobjectthatareautomaticallyinheritedfrom
itsparentobject.Inheritedpermissionscannotbemodified.
inheritor(n)~Thedeveloperwhocreatesaderivedclassfromanexistingclassinobject-
orientedprogramming.
inhibit(v)~Topreventanoccurrence.Forexample,toinhibitinterruptsfromanexternal
devicemeanstopreventtheexternaldevicefromsendinganyinterrupts.
in-house(oth)~Producedoravailablewithinone’sowncompany.
Inicis(PN)~AcompanythatprovidespaymentgatewayservicesforKoreanmarkets.
initialcommunication(n)~Thefirstcontact,forexamplebyemailortelephone,witha
leadorcustomer.
InitialConfigurationTasks(PN)~Awindowthat,bydefault,opensimmediatelyafter
operatingsysteminstallationiscompleteandeachtimeamemberoftheAdministrators
grouplogsontothecomputer.ByusingcommandsintheInitialConfigurationTasks
window,youcancompletetheconfigurationrequiredtoidentifythecomputertoother
computingresourcesonyournetwork,securethecomputer,enableadministratorsto
performtasksonthecomputer,andcustomizethecomputerbyaddingrolesorfeatures.
initialdeployment(n)~Theprocessofdownloadingandpreparingfilesforthefirsttime
inordertoenableuseofasoftwareapplication.
Initialmaster(n)~Asharedfolderwhoseexistingfilesandfoldersarereplicatedtoother
sharedfolderswhenreplicationisinitiallyconfigured.Afterreplicationiscomplete,there
isnoinitialmaster,sinceanyofthereplicascanacceptchangesandpropagatethemtothe
otherreplicas.Theinitialmasterthenbecomesanotherreplica.
Initialpage(n)~Thepagethatisinitiallydisplayedinaframewhenasitevisitorbrowses
toaframespagecontainingtheframe.
initialsnapshot(n)~Filesthatincludeschemaanddata,constraints,extendedproperties,
indexes,triggers,andsystemtablesthatarenecessaryforreplication.
initialstate(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,arepresentationofthestartingpoint
ofanobjectbeforeanyeventsincludedinthediagramhaveacteduponit.Aninitialstate
isindicatedbyasolidfilledcircle.
initialsynchronization(n)~Thefirstsynchronizationforasubscription,duringwhich
systemtablesandotherobjectsthatarerequiredbyreplication,andtheschemaanddata
foreacharticle,arecopiedtotheSubscriber.
initialtape(n)~Inamediasetusingtapebackupdevices,thefirsttapeinamediafamily.
initialization(n)~Theprocessofassigninginitialvaluestovariablesanddatastructures
inaprogram.
initializationfile(n)~Atextfileusedbytheoperatingsystemandbyindividual
applicationstostorepersistentsettingsrelatedtoapplications,drivers,orhardware.
Supportedforbackwardcompatibility.Usetheregistrytostorethesesettings.
initializationvariable(n)~Avariablewhosevaluedeterminesadesiredbehavior.For
example,Append_EOLInitializationVariable’specifiesYesifalltextfilesmustendwith
anend-of-linecharacter
initialize(v)~Tosetavariabletoaninitialvalue.
initialize(v)~Toprepareadisk,computerordeviceforuse.
initiator(n)~Adevicethatcreatesorinitiatesrequestsorevents.
initiatorrole(n)~Aparticularuserroleofyourchoicethatisautomaticallyassignedto
userswhoopenyourformsforthefirsttime,overridinganyotherroleassignments.
injectedsource(n)~Codethatanattributeprovideroranothercomponentofthecompiler
insertsintothesymbolstoreorthatthecompilerorlinkergeneratesautomatically.
Ink(n)~Anoptionthatallowsyoutoentertextinhandwrittenform.Insteadof
convertingyourhandwrittentexttotypedtext,thetextisconvertedtoanobjectand
displayedexactlyasyouwroteit.
ink(n)~Thewritingordrawingstrokesthatyoumakewithyourstylus.
InkandHandwritingServices(PN)~ATabletPCfeaturethatprovidesinksupportand
handwritingrecognition.
InkArt(n)~AprogramintheMicrosoftExperiencePackforTabletPCthatsimulatesan
artist’stoolset.Itenablesyoutopaintwithyourtabletpenbychoosingfromdifferent
texturedcanvases,paintbrushes,chalks,crayons,andmore.
InkArt(PN)~Aribbongroupthatprovidesoptionsfordrawingscreatedwithpenand
inktools.
inkcartridge(n)~Adisposablemodulethatcontainsinkandistypicallyusedinanink-
jetprinter.
inkcollectionmode(n)~Thecollectionmodethatdetermineswhetherink,gestures,or
botharerecognizedastheuserwrites.
InkCrossword(n)~AprogramintheMicrosoftExperiencePackforTabletPCwith12
crosswordpuzzlesthatyoucompletebyusingyourtabletpen.Youcanalsodownloada
freedailypuzzleandpurchasemorepuzzlepacksonline.
InkDesktop(n)~AprogramintheMicrosoftExperiencePackforTabletPCthatyoucan
usetowritenotesonyourTabletPCscreenbyusingyourtabletpen.Anynotesyoutake
areautomaticallysavedandremainonyourdesktopuntilyoudeletethem.
inkentrymode(n)~Theenvironmentinwhichyoucanfilloutaformbywritinginink.
inkequation(n)~AnequationwrittenusingastylusonaTabletPC.
inkguide(n)~Ashadedareathatincreasesinsizeasyouwriteinaformfieldwitha
tabletpen.
inkjet(adj)~Typeofprinttechnology.
InkSerializedFormat(PN)~AMicrosoftformatusedtostoreinkdata.Theformatis
mainlyusedformobiledevices.
inkspace(n)~Thevirtualcoordinatespacetowhichthecoordinatesofthetabletcontext
aremapped.
inkstroke(n)~Thesetofdatathatiscapturedinasinglependown,up,ormove
sequence.
inksupport(n)~SupportfortheuseofapenorstylusonaTabletPC,includingpen
flick-supportandapplicationprogramminginterfaces(APIs)forcallinghandwriting
recognition.
inking(n)~Theprocessofusingatabletpentocreatedrawingsorhandwriting.
inkinggap(n)~Theemptyspacethatcanbefoundbetweentwohandwrittenwords.
inkjet(adj)~Typeofprinttechnology.
Inkjet~Averypopularcolourprintertechnology,whichworksbysquirtingtinyjetsof
inkontopaperwithgreatprecision.
Inkomstenbelastingopwinst(n)~AnincometaxonprofitsusedintheNetherlands.
inline(adj)~InHTMLcode,referringtographicsdisplayedalongwithHTML-formatted
text.InlineimagesplacedinthelineofHTMLtextusethetag<IMG>.Textwithinan
inlineimagecanbealignedtothetop,bottom,ormiddleofaspecificimage.
inline(adj)~Inprogramming,referringtoafunctioncallreplacedwithaninstanceofthe
function’sbody.Actualargumentsaresubstitutedforformalparameters.Aninline
functionisusuallydoneasacompile-timetransformationtoincreasetheefficiencyofthe
program.
inlinealert(n)~Adatavalidationalertthatmarkscontrolsthatcontaininvalidormissing
datawithadashedredborderorredasterisk.Userscandisplaycustomerrormessagesby
right-clickingthecontrolorbyclickingalinkformoreinformation.
inlinediscussion(n)~Discussioncommentsthatareassociatedwithaparticular
paragraph,imageortable.InWebbrowsers,inlinediscussionsaredisplayedinthebody
ofthedocument;inaMicrosoftWorddocument,theyaredisplayedinthediscussion
pane.
inlineediting(n)~Theprocessofeditingitemsdirectlyinthelistview,ratherthan
navigatingtoaneditformandsubmittingchangesfromthere.
inlineelement(n)~AnHTMLelementthattypicallydoesnotstartanewline,suchas
EM,FONT,andSPAN.
inlineobject(n)~Apictureorotherobjectplacedwithinalineoftextthatretainsits
placenexttoadjacenttextwhentextisaddedordeleted.
inlinepositioning(n)~PlacementofanelementinthenaturalHTMLflowofadocument,
butsuchthatitspositionisoffsetfromtheprecedingcontent.
InlinePreviews(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsapreviewofawebpageorYouTubevideo.
Thepreviewwillshowaphoto,title,anddescriptionofthewebpageorvideo.
inlinereply(PN)~Anemailresponsethatiscomposeddirectlyinthereadingpane.
inlinestyle(n)~Acascadingstylesheetrulewhosepropertiesandvaluesapplyonlytoa
specificelementonaWebpage,suchasatableoragraphic.Thestylesheetruleispartof
theHTMLtagforthatelement.
inlineSVG(n)~SVGmarkupthatisincludedinthemarkupforawebpage.
inlinewarningcontrol(n)~Theabilitytocontrolwhetherwarningsarereportedfora
particularregionofcodebyspecifyingacompilerdirective.
in-memorydatabase(n)~ACOMservicethatmaintainsdurablestateinformationand
transientstateinformationinaconsistentmanner.Itisanin-memory,fullytransactional
databasesystemdesignedtoprovideextremelyfastaccesstodataonthemachineon
whichitresides.
in-memorymetabase(n)~AnimageoftheInternetInformationServices(IIS)metabase
thathasbeenloadedfromdiskintothecomputer’srandomaccessmemory(RAM)andis
usedwhileIISisrunning.
innercircle(PN)~AfeatureinCortana’sNotebookwheretheusercanaddthepeoplehe
caresaboutmost.Theusercanallowpeopleintheinnercircletocontacthimevenduring
quiethours.
innerjoin(n)~Anoperationthatretrievesrowsfrommultiplesourcetablesbycomparing
thevaluesfromcolumnssharedbetweenthesourcetables.Aninnerjoinexcludesrows
fromasourcetablethathavenomatchingrowsintheothersourcetables.
innermostexception(n)~Thehandlerthatisevaluatedfirst.
inode(n)~AfileidentifierinUNIX.Eachinodeisidentifiedbyauniquenumberand
containsuserandgroupownershipinformation,accesssettings,filetype,size,links,and
modificationinformation.
inpatient(n)~Apatientwhohasbeenadmittedtoahospitalorotherhealthcarefacility
fortreatmentthatrequiresanovernightstay.
in-personauthentication(n)~Physicalauthenticationtocompleteacertificaterequest
transaction.Forexample,anenduserrequestinghis/herpersonalidentificationnumber
(PIN)beunblockedwillvisitacertificatemanagerinpersontoprovidein-person
authenticationwithidentification,suchasanemployeebadgeordriverslicense.
in-placeactivation(n)~Theabilitytoactivateoreditandembeddedobjectfromwithin
anOLEcontrol.
In-PlaceArchive(n)~Anadditionalmailboxenabledforamailboxuser.
In-PlaceArchiving(PN)~InMicrosoftExchangeServer2013,afeaturethatprovides
userswithanalternatestoragelocationforhistoricalmessagingdata.
in-placeediting(n)~Theabilitytoactivateoreditandembeddedobjectfromwithinan
OLEcontrol.
In-PlaceHold(n)~Afeaturethatallowsforpreservationofcontentdocuments,pages,
andmessagesinExchangeandSharePointsothatwhentheyaremodifiedordeleted,the
originalversioncanstillbeaccessedforelectronicdiscoveryandotherlegalpurposes.
in-placeupgrade(n)~Anupgradethattakesplaceonthesamehardwareasyour
previousversioninstallation.
InPrivate(PN)~AnInternetExplorerfeaturethatallowsuserstosurftheWebwithout
leavingabrowsinghistory,cookiesorotherinformationonthePCsotheycandoonline
bankingonasharedcomputer,forexample.
InPrivateBrowsing(PN)~AfeaturethatpreventsInternetExplorerfromstoringdata
aboutyourbrowsingsession.Thishelpspreventanyoneelsewhomightbeusingyour
computerfromseeingwhereyouvisitedandwhatyoulookedatontheWeb.
InPrivateFeed(PN)~AlistofURLsthatyoucansubscribetofromindependentsources
ontheWebthatInternetExplorershouldblockwhenInPrivateBlockingisturnedon.
InPrivateFiltering(PN)~Thefeaturethatblocksthird-partywebcontentthatcould
potentiallytracksomeone’swebactivity.
InPrivateFilteringdata(n)~SaveddatausedbyInPrivateBlockingtodetectwhereWeb
sitesmaybeautomaticallysharingdetailsaboutyourvisit.
InPrivateSubscription(PN)~AlistofWebsitesfromwhichtoblockorallowcontent
downloads.UsersareabletovisittheseWebsitesbutcontentsuchasimages,scripts,and
stylesheetsmaybeblocked.
in-process(adj)~AhosttypethatoperateswithintheBizTalkServerprocessspace.Any
orchestrationcanbeenlistedtoanin-processhost,andanysendhandlercanbehostedby
it.In-processhostscanonlyhostreceivehandlersforin-processhosts(FileandMSMQT).
in-process(adj)~PertainingtoInternetServerAPI(ISAPI)extensionsthatarehostedin
theworkerprocessaddressspace.
in-processserver(n)~Anobjectapplicationthatrunsinthesameprocessspaceasthe
Automationcontroller.
inputadapter(n)~Anadapterthatacceptsincomingeventstreamsfromexternalsources
suchasdatabases,files,tickerfeeds,networkports,manufacturingdevicesandsoon.
inputcell(n)~Thecellinwhicheachinputvaluefromadatatableissubstituted.Anycell
onaworksheetcanbetheinputcell.Althoughtheinputcelldoesnotneedtobepartof
thedatatable,theformulasindatatablesmustrefertotheinputcell.
inputdevice(n)~Aperipheraldevicewhosepurposeistoallowtheusertoprovideinput
toacomputersystem.Examplesofinputdevicesarekeyboards,mice,joysticks,and
styluses.
inputendpoint(n)~Theendpointonwhicharoleinstancereceivesinboundtraffic.
inputevent(n)~Thesetofsoftwareeventsthatprovideapplicationswithinformation
aboutchangesonthedevice,computerorSurfacescreen.Therearetwotypesofinput
events:inputprimitivesandderivedinput.
inputfield(n)~Aspaceinanon-screenformwheretheusercanenteraspecificitemof
information.
inputfocus(n)~Thelocationwheretheuseriscurrentlydirectinginput.
inputfocusappearance(n)~Thevisualdisplayofacontrolorotherobjectthatindicates
ithastheinputfocus.
inputmask(n)~Aformatthatconsistsofliteraldisplaycharacters(suchasparentheses,
periods,andhyphens)andmaskcharactersthatspecifywheredataistobeenteredaswell
aswhatkindofdataandhowmanycharactersareallowed.
inputmember(n)~Amemberwhosevalueisloadeddirectlyfromthedatasourceinstead
ofbeingcalculatedfromotherdata.
inputmethodeditor(PN)~Atoolthatletsyouentercomplexcharactersandsymbols,
suchasthoseusedinEastAsianwrittenlanguages,usingastandardkeyboard.
InputPanel(n)~ATabletPCaccessorythatenablesyoutousehandwriting,speech,or
anon-screenkeyboardtoentertext,symbols,numbers,orkeyboardshortcuts.Youcan
useittointeractwithanyWindows-basedprogram.
inputpanel(n)~Asoftwareaccessorythatenablesyoutouseavarietyofdirectinput
methods(suchashandwriting,speech,touch,stylus,gestures,andsoon)tointeractwith
Windows-basedprograms.Aninputpanelcanincludeawritingpadandacharacterpadto
converthandwritingintotypedtextormathematicalequations,andanon-screenkeyboard
toenterindividualcharacters.
inputprimitive(n)~Thetypeofinputeventthatservesasabasisfromwhichallother
eventsarederived.Inputprimitivesarethelowestlevelofinputeventandarenot
impactedbyapplicationcontext.InputprimitivesincludeObjectAdded,ObjectRemoved,
andObjectUpdated.
inputscope(n)~Thetypeofhandwrittenorvoice-dictatedvaluebeingenteredinaninput
controlontheTabletPC,forexample,Number,DateorCurrency.Thisallowsforbetter
andfasterrecognitionbytheTabletPCrecognizer.
inputscope(n)~Asetofwords,numbers,punctuation,andsyntacticalorderingsthatare
allowedwithinaspecificlanguagemodel.
inputset(n)~ThesetofdataprovidedtoaMultidimensionalExpressions(MDX)value
expressionuponwhichtheexpressionoperates.
inputsource(n)~Anytable,view,orschemadiagramusedasaninformationsourcefora
query.
InputSourceIdentificationAPI(PN)~AnativeAPIthat,whenanappgetsinput,tells
theappwhatkindofhardwareitcamefrom.
inputstream(n)~Aflowofinformationusedinaprogramasasequenceofbytesthatare
associatedwithaparticulartaskordestination.Inputstreamsincludeseriesofcharacters
readfromthekeyboardtomemoryandblocksofdatareadfromdiskfiles.
inputVAT(n)~Thetaxonanorganization’spurchasesorinputsupplies,whichislevied
onthepurchaseprice.
input/output(n)~Thecomplementarytasksofgatheringanddistributingdata.Inputis
datathatisacquiredfromadeviceorenteredbytheuserthroughadevice.Outputisdata
thatissenttoadevice.
input/outputport(n)~Achannelthroughwhichdataistransferredbetweenadeviceand
themicroprocessor.Theportappearstothemicroprocessorasoneormorememory
addressesthatitcanusetosendorreceivedata.
INR(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofIndia.
In-RoleCache(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureCachefeaturethatprovidescaching
functionalityhostedonaroleinstance.
In-RoleCacheforMicrosoftAzureCache(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureCachefeature
thatprovidescachingfunctionalityhostedonaroleinstance.
in-schemaproperty(n)~Ametabasepropertypredefinedinthemetabaseschemafile.
insensitivecursor(n)~Acursorthatdoesnotreflectdatamodificationmadetothe
underlyingdatabyotheruserswhilethecursorisopen.
insert(n)~Amodeinwhichanydatatotherightofthecursorismovedtotherightas
youtype.
insert(v)~Toaddnewtext,objectsorcellswithoutoverwritingexistingdata.
insertevent(n)~Theeventkindusedtosignifythearrivalofaneventintothestream.
Theinserteventtypeconsistsofmetadatathatdefinesthevalidlifetimeoftheeventand
thepayload(data)fieldsoftheevent.
InsertIntoquery(n)~Aquerythatcopiesspecificcolumnsandrowsfromonetableto
anotherortothesametable.
INSERTkey(n)~Akeyonthekeyboard,labeledInsert’or‘Ins’
InsertScreenShot(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoinsertthecontentsofanopen
windoworascreenclippingintothecurrentdocumentwithouttheneedtoutilizeexternal
applications.
InsertValuesquery(n)~Aquery(SQLstatement)thatcreatesanewrowandinserts
valuesintospecifiedcolumns.
insert/ejectport(n)~Aportinalibrarythattransportstapestoandfromlibraryslots.
insertionpoint(n)~Thelocationwheretextorgraphicswillbeinserted.Alsousedfor
textboxcontrolstoindicateinputfocus.
insetwindow(n)~Thewindowinthelowerleftcornerofthescreen.Theinsetwindow
displayscurrentlyplayingTV,video,DVDs,orthealbumartformusicthatisplaying.
inside-outactivation(n)~Atechniquethatallowsausertodirectlyinteractwiththe
contentofanembeddedobjectwithoutexecutinganexplicitactivationcommand.
Insider(PN)~PromotionalnewslettersenttoWindowsLivecustomerscontainingfeature
tipsandlinkstowebcontent.
InsiderFast(PN)~AnoptionforgettingInsiderpreviewbuildsfirstbeforemostInsider
users.
InsiderHub(PN)~Theappintheoperatingsystemwheretheusercanmanagethebuilds
intheWindowsInsider-Program.
InsiderProgram(PN)~?Anexternalprogramthatenablesparticipants(calledInsiders’)
toprovidefeedbackonWindowsnewfeatures.’
InsiderSlow(PN)~AnoptionforgettingInsiderpreviewbuildsafterfirstInsiderusers.
insourcing~TheprocessofseparatingtheISorganizationfromtheenterprise,usuallyas
abusinessunitmeasuredbyitsownprofitandloss.TheinsourcedISorganization
providestheenterprisewithITservicesonabusiness-rulesbasis.
inspection(n)~Theexaminationofagoodorservicetoensurethatitcomplieswith
specifications.
inspectionitem(n)~Anitemizedproductthatparticipatesinaninspectionprocess.
InspectionMode(PN)~ThemodeinwhichPageInspectorprovidesinstantaneousvisual
mappingbetweentheintegratedbrowser,Sourceview,andCSS.Selectinganelementin
thebrowsershowstheexactlinesofcodeormarkupthatgeneratedtheelementthatwas
selected.
Instagram(PN)~AnappthatuserscaninstallonaniPhoneorAndroiddevicetoshare
photosandvideoswithotherpeoplewhohavetheapporwhohaveaccountsonFacebook,
Flikr,orTwitter.
Instagram~Instagramisanonlinemobilephoto-sharing,video-sharingandsocial
networkingservicethatenablesitsuserstotakepicturesandvideos,andsharethemona
varietyofsocialnetworkingplatforms.Thename‘Instagram’isaportmanteauof‘instant
camera’and‘telegram’
install(v)~Whenreferringtohardware,tophysicallyconnectthedevicetoyour
computer,toloaddevicedriversontoyourcomputer,andtoconfiguredeviceproperties
andsettings.
install(v)~Whenreferringtosoftware,toloadtheprogramandinstallationfilesonto
yourcomputerordevicesothattheprogramrunscorrectly.
Install~TotransferaprogramorprogramsfromCDROMorDVDontoaPC’shard
disk.Mostprogramsneedtobeinstalledbeforetheycanbeused,thoughafewcanberun
directlyfromthefloppyorCD.
InstallandConfigureMode(PN)~AmodethatenablesadministratorstoconfigureUser
AccountControltoruninauto-elevationmode(i.e.-€œauto-approval-€?)forspecific
times.
installpoint(n)~Afolderonanetworkoralocationthatisavailabletoclientcomputers
fortheinstallationofaprogramorapplication.
installableISAM(n)~Adriveryoucanspecifythatallowsaccesstoexternaldatabase
formatssuchasdBASE,Excel,andParadox.TheMicrosoftAccessdatabaseengine
installs(loads)theseISAMdriverswhenreferencedbyyourapplication.
installation(n)~Theprocessofaddingsoftwaretoacomputersystem.
Installationdirectory(n)~Thedirectorywheretheinstallerfortheapplication
virtualizationsequencerplacesitsfiles.
installationfolder(n)~Thelocationwhereasoftwareisinstalled.
installationhistory(n)~Achronologicallistofactivitiesassociatedwithlicense
management.
installationitem(n)~Aunitofdeploymentthatcanbeincludedinadeployment
package.Aninstallationitemcanincludeanexecutableaconfigurationsettingoradata
file.ForexampletheGPRSNetworkSettingsinstallationitemconfigurestheGPRS
settingsonthedevice.
installationmanifest(n)~ThesettingsanddependencyinformationthatACTData
Collectorneedstoinstallandrunthecompatibilityevaluators.Theinstallationmanifest
includesinstallationinformationforeverycompatibilityevaluator.
installationphase(n)~ThephasewhereoneofthethreeSequencingWizards(the
InstallationWizard)gathersinformationformonitoringanapplication’sinstallationand
launch.
InstallationWizard(n)~ThewizardthatinstallstheWindowsServerCentro’software.’
InstallationWizard(n)~Thewizardthatgathersinformationformonitoringan
application’sinstallationandlaunchduringtheinstallationphase.
installedlanguage(n)~Thebaselanguageusedthatgovernshowseverallanguage
characteristicswillbehave,suchasthelanguageoftheprimarydictionary,andthe
directionandalignmentoftext(left-to-rightorright-to-left).
installer(n)~Aprogram,providedwiththeAppleMacintoshoperatingsystem,that
allowstheusertoinstallsystemupgradesandmakebootable(system)disks.
installer(n)~Aprogramthatunpacksinstallationdataandwritesitontheuser’shard
drive.
instance(n)~Anobjectinrelationtotheclasstowhichitbelongs.Forexample,anobject
myListthatbelongstoaclassListisaninstanceoftheclassList.
instance(n)~AcopyofSQLServerrunningonacomputer.
instance(n)~Acopyofamaster,whichyoucreatebydraggingthemasterfromastencil
toadrawing.
instance(n)~Auniqueoccurrenceofarunbookthatisrunningonarunbookserver.
instance(n)~Auniqueoccurrenceofanapplication,suchasMicrosoftDynamicsCRM
orNetbreeze,foronlinecustomers.
instancecount(n)~Thenumberofvirtualmachinestodeployforagiventierofa
service.
instancehour(n)~Aunitofmeasureoftimeforaresourceinstance.
instancemessage(n)~Adiscreteunitofrun-timedataflowingthroughBizTalkServer,
usuallyrepresentingaparticularbusinessdocumentsuchasapurchaseorder,andas
differentiatedfromtheBizTalkServerschemathatdefinesitsstructure.
instanceprovider(n)~ACOMserverthatsuppliesinstancesofclassesandimplements
methodsoftheIWbemServicesinterfacetosupportdataretrieval,modification,deletion,
enumeration,orqueryprocessing.
Instance-levelPublicIP(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheNetworkingservicethatenables
userstoobtainandassignpublicIPaddressestovirtualmachinessothattheybecome
directlyaddressable.
InstantAnswers(PN)~AfeatureinLiveSearchthatprovidesanswerstobasicsearch
queries,suchasWhatisthepopulationofMumbai?”
InstantAnswers(n)~Asearchfeaturethatenablesuserstoinstantlyfindanswersonthe
resultspagefortopicssuchasweather,reference,celebrities,movies,books,andtoplocal
listingswithouthavingtohuntforitfromlinktolink.
instantmessage(n)~Amessagesentinrealtimethroughanetworktoaprivatechatarea.
instantmessage(v)~Tosendaninstantmessage.
instantmessageconversation(n)~Areal-timecommunicationovertheInternetinwhich
asendertypesamessagetooneormorerecipientsandtherecipient(s)immediately
receivesthemessageinapop-upwindow.
instantmessagesession(n)~Areal-timecommunicationovertheInternetinwhicha
sendertypesamessagetooneormorerecipientsandtherecipient(s)immediatelyreceives
themessageinapop-upwindow.
instantmessaging(n)~Pertainingtoamessagesentinrealtimethroughanetworktoa
privatechatarea.
instantmessaging(n)~Amethodofreal-timecommunicationovertheInternetinwhich
asendertypesamessagetooneormorerecipientsandtherecipientimmediatelyreceives
themessageinachatarea.
instantmessagingsession(n)~Areal-timecommunicationovertheInternetinwhicha
sendertypesamessagetooneormorerecipientsandtherecipient(s)immediatelyreceives
themessageinapop-upwindow.
InstantSearch(PN)~Asearchfeatureassociatedwithfoldersandprogramsthatbegins
todisplayresultsassoonasakeywordisentered.Whenyouentertext,filesinthecurrent
viewareautomaticallyfilteredtoshowonlythosethatmatchwhatyoutyped.
InstantSearch(PN)~Asearchfeaturethatprovidesimmediateresultstousers.
InstantViewer(n)~Afeaturethatenablesinstantaccesstoanyopenwindow.Witha
singleclick,allopenwindowsarescaleddownandrearrangedtobeviewedinagrid
fashion.
InstantGo(PN)~Thecollectionofnetworkingandsystemcomponentsthatletsdevices
turnoninstantly,keepappsanddatauptodateevenwhendevicesaresleeping,anduse
batteriesmoreefficiently.
instantiate(v)~Tocreateaninstanceofanobjectinobject-orientedprogramming.
InstituteofElectricalandElectronicEngineers(PN)~Asocietyofengineeringand
electronicsprofessionalsbasedintheUnitedStatesbutboastingmembershipfrom
numerousothercountries/regions.TheIEEE(pronouncedeyetripleee’)focuseson
electrical
in-stock(adj)~DescribesanitemthatisininventoryinaquantityabovetheStock-Out
Threshold.
instruction(n)~Anactionstatementinanycomputerlanguage,mostofteninmachineor
assemblylanguage.Mostprogramsconsistoftwotypesofstatements:declarationsand
instructions.
Instructionaltools(PN)~TheEducationsubcategorycontainingappsforteachers.
instrument(v)~Totagthesourcecodeinordertomeasuretheamountoftimespentin
eacharea.
Instrumental(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#33.
Instrumentalpop(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#46.
Instrumentalrock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassification
inWindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audio
files.ID3v1genreID#47.
instrumentation(n)~Aprofilingtechniquethatinvolvesinsertingdiagnosticprobesinto
theprogrambeingprofiled.
instrumentationoverhead(n)~Anincreaseinthetimeittakescodetorunwhenyou
instrumentabinary.Theincreaseiscausedbyadditionalcode,knownasaprobe,thatis
insertedtomonitorapplicationperformance.
instrumentedmodule(n)~Abinaryfilethatcontainsprofilingprobefunctions.
intangiblecost(n)~Acostthatcannotbephysicallymeasured,suchasthecostofpoor
quality.
intangiblefixedasset(n)~Anon-physicalfixedassetthatacompanyusestoconductits
business.
integer(n)~Adatatyperepresentingwholenumbers.Calculationsinvolvingonlyintegers
aremuchfasterthancalculationsinvolvingfloating-pointnumbers,sointegersarewidely
usedinprogrammingforcountingandnumberingpurposes.Integerscanbesigned
(positiveornegative)orunsigned(positive).Theycanalsobedescribedaslongorshort,
dependingonthenumberofbytesneededtostorethem.Shortintegers,storedin2bytes,
coverasmallerrangeofnumbers(forexample,-32,768through32,767)thandolong
integers(forexample,-2,147,483,648through2,147,483,647),whicharestoredin4bytes.
integer(n)~Anaturalnumber,zero,orthenegativeofanaturalnumber.
Integerdatatype(n)~Afundamentaldatatypethatholdsintegers.AnIntegervariableis
storedasa16-bit(2-byte)numberranginginvaluefrom-32,768to32,767.
integerfield(n)~Atypeoffieldwhosecontentisawholenumber.Examplesincludethe
IDandUniqueIDfields.
integral(adj)~Oforpertainingtoadatatyperepresentingwholenumbers.
integraldatatype(n)~AC++typethatrepresentsonlywholenumbers.
integraltype(n)~AC++typethatrepresentsonlywholenumbers.
integrateddevelopmentenvironment(n)~Asetofintegratedtoolsfordeveloping
software.Thetoolsaregenerallyrunfromoneuserinterfaceandconsistofacompiler,an
editor,andadebugger,amongothers.
integrateddeviceelectronics(n)~Atypeofdisk-driveinterfaceinwhichthecontroller
electronicsresideonthedriveitself,eliminatingtheneedforaseparateadaptercard.IDE
offersadvantagessuchaslook-aheadcachingtoincreaseoverallperformance.
integrateddriveelectronics(n)~Atypeofdisk-driveinterfaceinwhichthecontroller
electronicsresideonthedriveitself,eliminatingtheneedforaseparateadaptercard.IDE
offersadvantagessuchaslook-aheadcachingtoincreaseoverallperformance.
Integratedmode(n)~Acompatibilitymodeformanagedcontent.Whenanapplication
poolisconfiguredtouseIntegratedmode,theserverwillusetheintegrated,request-
processingpipelinesofIISandASP.NETtoprocesstherequest.
integratedpipeline(n)~Aunifiedrequestprocessingpipelinethatisrunningin
Integratedmode.Intheintegratedpipeline,custommodulesandhandlersinaWeb
applicationcanbeconfiguredtosubscribetonotificationsforallrequeststothe
application,notjustrequestsforASP.NET-specificresources.
integratedsecurity(n)~AsecuritymodethatleveragestheWindowsauthentication
process.
IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork(n)~Ahigh-speeddigitaltechnologythatuses
existingtelephonelinestoprovideInternetaccess.
IntegratedWindowsauthentication(n)~Aconfigurationsettingthatenablesnegotiation
ofauthenticationprotocolsinInternetInformationServices(IIS).
Integration(INT)datacenterenvironment(n)~Anenvironmentthatisintendedfor
internaltesting,integration,evaluations,anddemonstrationcomputers.Itisalsousedthe
firsttimeyoucompletetheprocessofcreatingthemasterimageandtestingtheimageand
recoveryprocess.
Integrationenvironment(n)~Anenvironmentthatisintendedforinternaltesting,
integration,evaluations,anddemonstrationcomputers.Itisalsousedthefirsttimeyou
completetheprocessofcreatingthemasterimageandtestingtheimageandrecovery
process.
integrationpack(n)~Acollectionofcustomactivitiesthatisspecifictoaproductora
technology.
integrationservice(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludes
ServiceBus,Workflow,andEAI.
integrationservices(n)~Acollectionofservicesandsoftwaredriversthatmaximize
performanceandprovideabetteruserexperiencewithinavirtualmachine.Integration
servicesareonlyavailableforsupportedguestoperatingsystems.
integrity(n)~Theaccuracyofdataanditsconformitytoitsexpectedvalue,especially
afterbeingtransmittedorprocessed.
integritychecking(n)~AtaskthattheTrustedPlatformModule(TPM)performsby
confirmingthattheSHA-1computedhashofeachsystemcomponentthatrunsduring
bootmatchesthevaluesthatarestoredinplatformconfigurationregisters(PCRs)atthe
timeBitLockerDriveEncryptionwasturnedon.Ifthestateofearlybootcomponentsis
differentfromthestaticrootoftrustmeasurement,BitLockerbootstorecoverymodeuntil
theauthorizeduserenterstherecoverypassword.
integrityconstraint(n)~Apropertydefinedonatablethatpreventsdatamodifications
thatwouldcreateinvaliddata.
integritylevel(n)~Anumberthatrepresentshowtrustworthyaparticularprocess,
application,orobjectis.
integritySID(n)~AsecurityID(SID)thatrepresentsanintegritylevel.Anobject’s
systemaccesscontrollist(SACL)andaccesstokencancontainoneormoreintegrity
SIDs.IntegritySIDsintheaccesstokendeterminethelevelofaccessgiventoaprocess
attemptingtoaccessanobject.
Intel~TheIntelCorporationistheleadingmanufacturerof-processorchipsforPCs,most
famouslythe-Pentium.
IntelActiveManagementTechnology(n)~AnIntelnetworkingmanagementtechnology
thatissupportedbyConfigurationManageroutofbandmanagement,whichenablesa
ConfigurationManageradministratortomanagedesktopcomputersindependentlyfrom
theConfigurationManagerclientorthecomputeroperatingsystem.
IntelArchitecturePersonalComputer(n)~Anycomputerbuiltwithaprocessorthat
conformstothearchitecturedefinedbytheIntelprocessorfamilybasedonthe486
instructionsetandhasanindustry-standardcomputerarchitecture.
intellectualgenre(n)~Aclassificationthatdescribesthenatureofcontent,e.g.sermon,
interview,etc.,ratherthanthecontentitself.
intelligentdriveelectronics(n)~Atypeofdisk-driveinterfaceinwhichthecontroller
electronicsresideonthedriveitself,eliminatingtheneedforaseparateadaptercard.IDE
offersadvantagessuchaslook-aheadcachingtoincreaseoverallperformance.
IntelligentIMFilter(n)~AsecurityfeatureofOfficeCommunicationsServer,orLive
CommunicationsServer2005withSP1,thatadministratorscanconfiguretoprevent
specifiedtypesofURLsandfilesfrombeingtransferredinaninstantmessage
conversation.
IntelligentInstantMessageFilter(n)~AsecurityfeatureofOfficeCommunications
Server,orLiveCommunicationsServer2005withSP1,thatadministratorscanconfigure
topreventspecifiedtypesofURLsandfilesfrombeingtransferredinaninstantmessage
conversation.
IntelligentMessageFilter(n)~TheunderlyingtechnologyoftheExchangeServer
contentfilterthatevaluatesinboundmailandassessestheprobabilitythataninbounde-
mailmessageiseitheralegitimatemessageorspam.
IntelligentRouting(PN)~AfeatureofGroupFilteringthatroutesSMTPaddressesto
specificdeliverylocationsbasedongroupnamesandassociations,evenifallusersshare
thesamedomain.
IntelligentSystemsService(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheAppServicesservicethat
providesamanagementserviceforintelligentsystemsthroughMicrosoftAzure.
IntelliSense(PN)~Afeatureofanintegrateddevelopmentenvironment(IDE)that
provideslogicalcodeelementsthattheusercanselectfromadrop-downmenuwhile
coding.
IntelliSenseinZone(n)~AVisualBasicIntelliSensefeaturethatdisplayscertainitemsin
thestatementcompletionlistinadifferentcoloriftheydonothaveenoughpermissionto
runinthesecurityzonespecified.Thisdesign-timesupportallowsyoutorunapplications
inpartialtrust.
IntelliTrace(PN)~Afeaturefordebuggingamanagedapplicationatspecificpointsin
time.Itcapturesandrecordswhattheapplicationdoeswhileitisrunning.Whenanerror
occurs,youcanviewthestateoftheapplicationatanytimefromthestarttothepointof
theerror.
IntellitraceCollectionPlanFragment(n)~Afragmentofthecollectionplan,whichisa
setofoptionsthatdetailstotheactualIntelliTrace.exeprogram(whichisexecutedunder
thecoversbyVisualStudioorMicrosoftTestManager)exactlywhatdatashouldbe
collected,whenthatdatashouldbecollectedandhowtocreatetheresultinglogfile.
IntelliTraceCollectorforVisualStudio(PN)~TheIntelliTracecollectorisastandalone
toolthatyoucanusetocollectIntelliTracedatafromappsthatarerunninginproduction
environments.
IntelliTracefile(n)~ThefilecontaininginformationthatiscollectedbyIntelliTrace.The
filenameextensionis.iTrace.
IntenseViolence(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
intensivecareunit(n)~Asectionofahospitalthatprovidescomprehensivecarefor
criticallyillpatientsrequiringimmediateandcontinuousattention.
intentlock(n)~Alockthatisplacedononelevelofaresourcehierarchytoprotect
sharedorexclusivelocksonlower-levelresources.
intentshare(n)~Alockthatisplacedononelevelofaresourcehierarchytoprotect
sharedorexclusivelocksonlower-levelresources.
InterVNETDataTransfer(PN)~TheresourceoftheVirtualNetworkservicetypeof
theNetworkingservicefordatatransfersbetweenvirtualnetworks.
interaction(n)~Apatternorsequenceofmessageexchangesthataccomplishesa
purpose,suchasperforminganoperation.Objectsinacollaborationinteractby
exchangingmessages.Messagescanbesignalsorcallsandcanincludeconditionsand
timeevents.
interaction(n)~Thedirectmanipulation(e.g.agestureandinertia)ofanelement.
interactiondesigner(n)~Adesignerwhodevelopsuserinterfacesanddetermineshowa
userwillinteract’withapieceofsoftware(i.e.clickthroughmenus
InteractionRole(PN)~AuserrolewithinSocialEngagementthatdefinesthe
permissionsauserhasinregardtointeractingwithposts.
interactive(adj)~Characterizedbyconversationalexchangeofinputandoutput,aswhen
auserentersaquestionorcommandandthesystemimmediatelyresponds.The
interactivityofmicrocomputersisoneofthefeaturesthatmakesthemapproachableand
easytouse.
InteractiveButton(n)~Ananimatedbuttononawebpagethatisactivatedwhena
mousepointerismovedoverthebuttonorwhenthebuttonisclicked.
interactivedemo(n)~Ademonstrationofaproductorservicethatacustomerinteracts
withtoseehowfeatureswork.
interactivedesktop(n)~AWindowsdesktopsessionrunningwithaninteractiveuser’s
accesstokenapplied.
interactivedialogbox(n)~Adialogboxthatrequiresaresponsefromtheuser.
Intermediarydevicessuchasasecurityhostrequiresuchadialogboxasanaddedlayerof
securitybetweentheclientandtheremoteaccessserver.Insuchdialogboxes,theuser
typesanaccesscodeorausernameandpasswordontheremoteaccessterminalscreen.
interactivelogon(n)~Theprocessofloggingontoalocalcomputerusingakeyboard.
interactivestructuredquerylanguage(n)~Aninteractivecommandpromptutility
providedwithSQLServerthatletsusersrunTransact-SQLstatementsorbatchesfroma
serverorworkstationandviewtheresultsthatarereturned.
interactiveuser(n)~Auserthatisinteractingdirectlywiththeuserinterfaceofthe
computer,byusingthelocalconsole,RemoteDesktopServices,orRemoteDesktop.
interactiveviewgallery(n)~Agalleryofobjectsthatprovidesdifferentwaysof
visualizingdata.
interactivevoiceresponse(n)~Anautomatedtelephoneinformationsystemthatinteracts
withacallerthroughfixedvoicemenusandreal-timedatafromdatabases.
interactivity(n)~Thequalityofawebpagethatenablesanactionbytheuserasan
opportunityfortheusertointeractwiththeobjectsandelementsonthepage.
interceptor(n)~Amechanismusedtoextractandstoredatafromprocessingstreams.
interchange(n)~Acollectionofoneormoredocumentinstancesthatcomprisesasingle
transmissionandisexchangedfromapplicationtoapplicationwithinanorganizationor
fromonetradingpartnertoanother.
interchangeheader(n)~InEDI,apartofaninterchange,orgroupoflogicallyassociated
documents,usedtoindicatethestartoftheinterchange.
interchangetrailer(n)~InEDI,apartofaninterchange,orgroupoflogicallyassociated
documents,usedtoindicatetheendoftheinterchange.
intercompany(adj)~Relatingtointeractionsbetweentwoormoreinternalcompanies.
intercompany(adj)~Occurringbetweenorrelatingtwoormorelegalentitiesthatare
partthesameorganizationthatconsolidatestheaccountsofalllegalentities.
intercompanyaccount(n)~Anaccountusedtopostintercompanytransactions.
intercompanycustomer(n)~Aninternalcompanythatactsasacustomertoanother
internalcompany.Whenacompanydoesnotsatisfyanoriginalsalesorder,thatcompany
becomesanintercompanycustomerwhenitdirectsapurchaseordertoanotherinternal
companytosatisfytheoriginalsalesorder.
intercompanycustomerinvoice(n)~Acustomerinvoicethatdocumentsacustomer
paymentrequestfromonelegalentitytoanotherlegalentitythatispartofthesame
organizationthatconsolidatestheaccountsofbothlegalentities.
intercompanydimension(n)~Asystem-maintaineddimensionthatconsistsofonlythose
entitiesthatareinvolvedinintercompanytransactionswithotherentitiesinthesystem.
intercompanyeconomictransaction(n)~Aneconomictransactionbetweenlegal
entitiesthatarepartofthesameorganizationthatconsolidatestheaccountsofthelegal
entities.
intercompanyelimination(n)~Theeliminationofintercompanytransactionsduring
preparationofaconsolidatedbalancesheetorincomestatement.Suchtransactionscan
include,forexample,intercompanyloansorinvestmentsbetweenparentandsubsidiary.
intercompanymasterplan(n)~Amasterplanthatisusedforintercompanymaster
scheduling.
intercompanymasterscheduling(n)~Theprocessforgeneratingatimetablefortwoor
morelegalentitiesthatarepartthesameorganization.
intercompanypaymentjournal(n)~Ajournalthatisusedtopostintercompany
payments.
intercompanypurchaseorder(n)~Apurchaseorderthatonelegalentitygeneratesfrom
asalesordersentbyanotherlegalentitythatispartofthesameorganizationthat
consolidatestheaccountsofbothlegalentities.
intercompanypurchaseorderinvoice(n)~Apurchaseorderinvoicethatiscreatedfrom
anintercompanypurchaseorderandpostedtoanintercompanyaccount.
intercompanyreconciliation(n)~Theeliminationofintercompanytransactionsduring
preparationofaconsolidatedbalancesheetorincomestatement.Suchtransactionscan
include,forexample,intercompanyloansorinvestmentsbetweenparentandsubsidiary.
intercompanysalesinvoice(n)~Asalesinvoicethatiscreatedfromanintercompany
salesorderandpostedtoanintercompanyaccount.
intercompanysalesorder(n)~Asalesorderthatonelegalentityplaceswithanother
legalentitythatispartofthesameorganizationthatconsolidatestheaccountsofboth
legalentities.
intercompanytrade(n)~Tradebetweensubsidiariesordistributioncenterswithinthe
sameenterprise.
intercompanytransaction(n)~Atransactionthatcontainsdistributionstoanother
companywithinthesamelegalentity.
intercompanyvendor(n)~Alegalentitythatassumestheroleofavendorthatis
authorizedtosupplyproductstooneormorelegalentitiesthatarepartofthesame
organizationthatconsolidatestheaccountsofallofthelegalentities.
intercompanyvendorinvoice(n)~Avendorinvoicethatdocumentsavendorpayment
requestfromonelegalentitytoanotherlegalentitythatispartofthesameorganization
thatconsolidatestheaccountsofbothlegalentities.
interconnect(n)~Aprivatenetworkthatconnectsnodesinacluster.
interest(n)~Anamountchargedfortheuseofmoneyorcredit.
interest(n)~AsubjectthatCortanashowstheuserinCortanahomeeitherbecausethe
userexplicitlyaddedthesubjectusingtheInterestsfeatureorbecauseCortanainferred
thissubjectintereststheuserfromquestionstheuseranswered.
interestnote(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsaninterestpaymentobligation.
InterestTracker(PN)~AWebPartthatdisplaysrecentactivitiescorrespondingto
identifiedareasofinterest.
interestingfunction(oth)~Afunctionis‘interesting’ifAPMhasbeenconfiguredto
collectit.OperationsManagercomeswithapredefinedlistofwellknownfunctions;
additionalmethodscanbeaddedtocustomizemonitoring.
interests(PN)~AfeatureinCortana’sNotebookwheretheusercanaddanythinghe
wouldliketokeeptrackofinCortana.TrackinganinterestmeansthatCortanawillshow
updatesrelatedtothatinterestwhenevertheuseropensCortana.
interface(n)~Softwarethatenablesaprogramtoworkwiththeuser(theuserinterface,
whichcanbeacommand-lineinterface,menu-driven,oragraphicaluserinterface),with
anotherprogramsuchastheoperatingsystem,orwiththecomputer’shardware.
interface(n)~Acard,plug,orotherdevicethatconnectspiecesofhardwarewiththe
computersothatinformationcanbemovedfromplacetoplace.Forexample,
standardizedinterfacessuchasRS-232-CstandardandSCSIenablecommunications
betweencomputersandprintersordisks.
interface(n)~Thepointatwhichaconnectionismadebetweentwoelementssothatthey
canworkwitheachotherorexchangeinformation.
interface(n)~Adefinedsetofproperties,methods,andcollectionsthatformalogical
groupingofbehaviorsanddata.
interface(n)~Areferencetypethatdefinesacontract.Othertypesimplementaninterface
toguaranteethattheysupportcertainoperations.Theinterfacespecifiesthemembersthat
mustbesuppliedbyclassesorotherinterfacesthatimplementit.Likeclasses,interfaces
cancontainmethods,properties,indexers,andeventsasmembers.
interface~Connectionbetweentwosystemsordevices.
interface~Adisplaytechnique,usedprimarilyintheearly1990s,thatenablesamonitor
toprovidemoreresolutioninexpensively.
interface~Thepreparationagraphicimagesothatalternatingrowsaredisplayedin
separatepasses.Interlacedimagesgiveauniqueeffectbecausetheentireimageis
displayedquicklyandthendetailsarefilledingradually.
interfacedefinitionlanguage(n)~Inobject-orientedprogramming,alanguagethatletsa
programorobjectwritteninonelanguagecommunicatewithanotherprogramwrittenin
anunknownlanguage.AnIDLisusedtodefineinterfacesbetweenclientandserver
programs.Forexample,anIDLcanprovideinterfacestoremoteCORBAobjects.
interfaceflapping(n)~Incomputernetworkingandtelecommunications,asituationthat
occurswhenaninterfaceonarouterexperiencesahardwarefailurethatcausestherouter
toannounceitselfalternatelyasavailableorunavailable.
interfaceimplication(n)~Ifaninterfaceimpliesanotherinterface,thenanyclassthat
implementsthefirstinterfacemustalsoimplementthesecondinterface.Interface
implicationisusedinaninformationmodeltogetsomeoftheeffectsofmultiple
inheritance.
intergroupadapter(n)~ABizTalkServeradapterthattargetsintranet/LAN
communicationbetweentwoBizTalkServergroupswithoutrequiringintermediate
storage.
interimplan(n)~Asetoftaskstartandfinishdatesthatyoucansaveatcertainstagesof
yourproject.Youcancompareaninterimplanwiththebaselineplanorcurrentplanto
monitorprojectprogressorslippage.Youcansaveupto10interimplans.
interiorgatewayprotocol(n)~Aprotocolusedfordistributingroutinginformation
amongrouters(gateways)inanautonomousnetwork-thatis,anetworkunderthecontrol
ofoneadministrativebody.ThetwomostoftenusedinteriorgatewayprotocolsareRIP
(RoutingInformationProtocol)andOSPF(OpenShortestPathFirst).
interlace(v)~Todisplayavideoframeintwofields.Onefieldcontainstheevenlinesof
theframe,theotherfieldcontainstheoddlines.Duringplayback,thelinesinonefieldare
displayedfirst,thenthelinesinthesecondfieldaredisplayed.
InterlacedGIF(n)~ApictureinGIFformatthatisgraduallydisplayedinaWebbrowser,
showingincreasinglydetailedversionsofthepictureuntiltheentirefilehasfinished
downloading.
interlacedvideo(n)~Thetraditionaltelevisionsystemofdisplayinwhichseparatefields
ofodd-numberedscanlinesandeven-numberedlinesareinterlacedbetweeneachother.
intermediateCA(n)~Acertificationauthoritythathastheabilitytoissuethe
intermediatecertificatesneededtocertifythesubjectidentifiedbytheendcertificate.
intermediatecertificate(n)~Acertificatethatauthenticatesanothercertificateina
certificatechain.
intermediatecertificationauthority(n)~Acertificationauthoritythathastheabilityto
issuetheintermediatecertificatesneededtocertifythesubjectidentifiedbytheend
certificate.
intermittent(adj)~Pertainingtosomething,suchasasignalorconnection,thatisnot
unbrokenbutoccursatperiodicoroccasionalintervals.
internalcommand(n)~Aroutinethatisloadedintomemoryalongwiththeoperating
systemandresidesthereforaslongasthecomputerison.
internalcompany(n)~Acompanythatispartofanintercompanyorganizationandthat
islinkedtootherinternalcompanieswithinthesameorganization,eitherasacustomeror
asavendor.
internalcontext(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,acontextthattheTaskScheduler
createsandusestoruntasks.
Internalhyperlink(n)~Aregionintextorgraphicsthatyouclicktoaccessanotherpage
withinthesamewebsite.
internalIM(n)~Instantmessagingwithinternalusers.
internalIPaddress(n)~AnIPaddressthatisassignedfortheinternalnetworkofan
organization.
internalleadtime(n)~Theleadtimeforanintercompanysalesorder.
internalmessage(n)~Amessageoriginatingwithinagivendomain,whereallthe
recipientsarewithinthesamedomain.
internalmodem(n)~Amodemconstructedonanexpansioncardtobeinstalledinoneof
theexpansionslotsinsideacomputer.
internalmovement(n)~Theprocessthatwarehouseemployeesfollowtomoveitems
fromonebintoanotherbinwithoutusingasourcedocument.
internalnetworknumber(n)~A4-bytehexadecimalnumberusedforaddressingand
routingpurposes.Theinternalnetworknumberidentifiesavirtualnetworkinsidea
computer.TheinternalnetworknumbermustbeuniquetotheIPXinternetwork.
internalnote(n)~Anoteaddedbyaninternalparty,suchasSupport,tousefortheirown
reference.Customerswillnotseethesenotes.
internalport(n)~Aportonacomputerthatisavailableonlyontouserswhoare
connectedtoanorganization’snetwork.
internalprivatequeue(n)~ForMessageQueuing,aqueuethatstoresvarioustypesof
administrativemessages,oraninterimqueueforstoringandforwardingmessagesin
transittoadestinationqueue.InternalprivatequeuesarenotdisplayedinMicrosoft
ManagementConsole(MMC)snap-ins,andtheycannotbedeleted.
internalprocessingtime(n)~Theamountoftimeafunctionspendsdoinginternal
execution,asopposedtocallingotherfunctions.
internalproject(n)~Aprojectwithoutadirectcustomerrelation.
internalrelease(n)~Theprocessofgettingtheproducttoaknownstateand
incrementallybuildinguponit.
internalrelease(n)~Aninterimmilestoneofthedevelopingphase,leadingtothescope
completemilestone.
internalrelease(n)~Earlyorincompletereleasesofone’sownproduct,software,or
servicesthataren’tfinalandareputintousetotesttheviability,compatibility,orstability
ofaplannedrelease.Althoughadogfoodreleaseisoftenthoughtofasbeingusedonly
internally,partnersorenthusiastsmayalsobeinvitedtotryit.
InternalRevenueService(PN)~ThefederalrevenueagencyundertheUnitedStates
DepartmentoftheTreasurythatisresponsibleforthecollectionoftaxesinadditiontothe
interpretationandenforcementoffederaltaxlaws.
internalrouter(n)~Arouterforwhichallthenetworksthatitisconnectedtobelongin
thesamearea.
internalself-transition(n)~Atransitionsegmentthatbeginsandendsonthesamestate
context,andthathasneitherachainedincomingtransactionnorachainedoutgoing
transaction.Thistransitionisacombinationofthegroupandhistorytransitions.
internalstyle(n)~Astyleinaninternalstylesheet.
internalstylesheet(n)~AstylesheetcontainedinanASP.NETmobileWebFormspage.
InternalUseRights(n)~AbenefitforMicrosoftPartnersthatgivespartnerorganizations
firsthandknowledgeofproductfeaturesandcapabilities.
internaluser(n)~AuserwithActiveDirectorycredentialswhoconnectsfromlocations
insidethecorporatefirewall.
internalusersonlymeeting(n)~AmeetinginwhichallparticipantshaveActive
Directorycredentialsandconnectfromwithinthecorporatefirewall.
internalvirtualnetwork(n)~Avirtualnetworkthatisconfiguredtousenonetwork
adapter.Internalvirtualnetworksareusedtoconnectvirtualmachinesrunningonthe
sameinstanceofVirtualServer.Allnetworktrafficisconfinedtothecomputerrunning
VirtualServer.
internalWebsite(n)~AWebsitecreatedwithinanorganizationandavailableonlyon
theintranetforthatorganization.AninternalWebsiteisaccessibleonlytomembersof
thatorganization.
internationalaccesscode(n)~Theprefixthatisusedtodirectacallinternationally.The
InternationalAccessCodeis011intheUnitedStatesand00inmuchoftherestofthe
world.
internationalACHtransaction(n)~AnAutomatedClearingHouse(ACH)funds
transferbetweenanoriginatingpartyandareceivingpartythatinvolvesatleastone
depositoryfinancialinstitutionthatisnotlocatedintheterritorialjurisdictionofthe
UnitedStates.
Internationalassist(PN)~Afeaturethathelpscorrectsomecommonmistakeswhile
dialinginternationallyordialingwhileabroad.
InternationalBankAccountNumber(n)~Anaccountnumberschemethatis
recognizedbybanksinternationallytofacilitatecredittransfersacrossnational/regional
borders.
InternationalDateLineWest(PN)~Astandardizedtimezonewherethelocaltimeis12
hoursearlierthanCoordinatedUniversalTime/GreenwichMeanTime.
InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(n)~Oneoftwointernationalstandards
bodiesresponsiblefordevelopinginternationaldatacommunicationsstandards.The
InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)workscloselywiththeInternational
OrganizationforStandardization(ISO)todefinestandardsofcomputing.Theyjointly
publishedtheISO/IECSQL-92standardforSQL.
InternationalFinancialReportingStandards(n)~Accountingstandardsthatmustbe
usedasofJanuary1,2005forEuropeanUnion-basedcompanieswithpubliclytraded
sharesordebt,subsidiariesforwhichconsolidatedaccountsmustbeprepared,or
companieswithsubsidiaryorassociatecompaniesofaEuropeanUnion-listedcompany.
internationalformat(n)~Aphonenumberformatfordialinganycallfromanylocation
orwithacallingcard.
InternationalList(n)~Alistthatincludestwolists.Onelistallowsyoutoblocktop-
leveldomainnames,includingcountrycodes,andtheotherlistallowsyoutoblocka
languageencodingorcharacterset.
internationalnumberformat(n)~Thestringthatisusedtodefinehowtodialsomeone
fromoutsideoftheircountry/region.
InternationalOrganizationforStandardization(n)~Aninternationalassociationof
157countries/regions,eachofwhichisrepresentedbyitsleadingstandard-setting
organization-forexample,ANSI(AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute)fortheUnited
States.TheISOworkstoestablishglobalstandardsforcommunicationsandinformation
exchange.PrimaryamongitsaccomplishmentsisthewidelyacceptedISO/OSIreference
model,whichdefinesstandardsfortheinteractionofcomputersconnectedby
communicationsnetworks.
InternationalSystemofUnits(PN)~Theinternationalmetricsystemofunitsof
measurement.
InternationalTelecommunicationUnion(PN)~Aninternationalorganizationbasedin
Geneva,Switzerland,thatisresponsibleformakingrecommendationsandestablishing
standardsgoverningtelephoneanddatacommunicationssystemsforpublicandprivate
telecommunicationsorganizations.Foundedin1865underthenameInternational
TelegraphUnion,itwasrenamedtheInternationalTelecommunicationUnionin1934to
signifythefullscopeofitsresponsibilities.ITUbecameanagencyoftheUnitedNations
in1947.Areorganizationin1992alignedtheITUintothreegoverningbodies:the
RadiocommunicationSector,theTelecommunicationStandardizationSector(ITU-TSS,
ITU-T,forshort;formerlytheCCITT),andtheTelecommunicationDevelopmentSector.
internationalizeddomainname(n)~AnInternetdomainnamethatcanaccommodate
non-ASCIIcharacterssuchasthediacriticalmarksofEuropeanlanguageornon-Latinate
characterssuchasthosefoundinChinese,KoreanorArabic.
internet(n)~Twoormorenetworksegmentsconnectedbyrouters.
Internet(n)~TheworldwidecollectionofnetworksandgatewaysthatusetheTCP/IP
suiteofprotocolstocommunicatewithoneanother.
Internet~Avastworldwidenetworkofcomputers,accessibletoanyonewithacomputer
andaphoneline.Providesaccesstoe-mailandtheWorldWideWeb.TheInternetgrew
outoftheneedofacademicstoswapinformationwithcolleaguesallovertheworld,and
oftheUSmilitary’sneedfora-computerandcommunicationsnetworkthatcouldn’t
easilybeknockedout.Asaresultitisverydifficulttocensor,sinceanythingplacedon
theWorldWideWebfromanywhereisinstantlyavailableeverywhereintheworld.
Internet~Theword‘internet’literallymeans‘networkofnetworks’.Initself,theInternet
iscomprisedofthousandsofsmallerregionalnetworksscatteredthroughouttheglobe.
Internetaccess(n)~ThecapabilityofausertoconnecttotheInternet.
Internetaccessprovider(n)~AbusinessthatsuppliesInternetconnectivityservicesto
individuals,businesses,andotherorganizations.AnISPprovidesatelephonenumber,a
username,apassword,andotherconnectioninformationsothatuserscanaccessthe
InternetthroughtheISP’scomputers.
Internetaccount(n)~AgenerictermforaregisteredusernameatanInternetService
Provider(ISP).AnInternetaccountisaccessedviausernameandpassword.Servicessuch
asdial-inPPPInternetaccessande-mailareprovidedbyISPstoInternetaccountowners.
Internetaddress(n)~AnaddressforaresourceontheInternetthatisusedbyWeb
browserstolocateInternetresources.AnInternetaddresstypicallystartswithaprotocol
name,followedbythenameoftheorganizationthatmaintainsthesite;thesuffix
identifiesthekindoforganizationitis.
InternetAPN(n)~AnAPN(AccessPointName)thatdeterminesthecellulardata
networkstowhichaphonecanconnect.Itincludesinformationaboutwhatkindof
connection,security,andtypeofIPaddressthephoneshouldusefortheInternet
connection.
Internetaudiobroadcasting(n)~One-waytransmissionovertheInternetofLive
Meetingaudio.
InternetBackgammon(PN)~AnInternetgamethatisplayedbytwoplayersonavirtual
boardwithpiecescalledstonesthatmoveforwardaccordingtotherollofdiceuntilthe
winnerremovesallofhisstonesfromtheboard.
InternetCalling(PN)~AfeaturethatletsyouusetheInternettomakeaphonecall.
InternetCheckers(PN)~AnInternetgamethatisplayedbytwoplayersonavirtual
chessboardof64squares.Playersonlyplayonthedarksquaresandaimatcapturingallof
theiropponent’spiecesbyjumpingoverthem.
Internetconnection(n)~Aconnectionbetweentheuser’sdeviceandaserverthat
providesaccesstotheInternet,typicallythroughanInternetserviceprovider.
InternetConnectionFirewall(n)~ANetworkConnectionsfeaturethatisusedtoset
restrictionsonwhattrafficisallowedtoenteryournetworkfromtheInternet.
InternetConnectionSharing(n)~AMicrosoftWindowstechnologythatprovideshome
andsmall-officecomputeruserswhohavenetworkedcomputerswiththeabilitytosharea
singleconnectiontotheInternet.
InternetConnectivityEvaluationTool(PN)~Anonlinetoolthatchecksyourexisting
Internetroutertoseeifitsupportscertaintechnologiesandadvancedfeatures,suchas
improveddownloadspeedsandface-to-facecollaborationusingWindowsMeetingSpace.
ThistoolisintendedtoberunfromahomenetworkbehindahomeInternet(NAT)router.
Internetcontentprovider(n)~Anorganizationthatpreparescontentforpostingonthe
Web.
InternetContentRatingAssociation(n)~Aninternationalnonprofitgroupthathas
developedacontentadvisoryservicefortheInternet.ICRA’saimistoprotectchildren
frompotentiallyharmfulmaterialontheInternet.
InternetControlMessageProtocol(n)~ArequiredmaintenanceprotocolintheTCP/IP
suitethatreportserrorsandallowssimpleconnectivity.ICMPisusedbythePingtoolto
performTCP/IPtroubleshooting.
InternetDirectory(n)~Storageplaceforinformationsuchasnames,Webaddresses,
organizations,departments,countries/regions,andlocations.Typically,Internet
Directoriesareusedtofinde-mailaddressesthatarenotinalocaladdressbookora
corporate-widedirectory.
Internetdomainname(n)~AnaddressofanInternetconnectionthatidentifiesthe
ownerofthataddressinahierarchicalformat.Forexample,www.whitehouse.gov
identifiestheWebserverattheWhiteHouse,whichisagovernmentagency.
internete-mailaddress(n)~Astringthatidentifiesausersothattheusercanreceive
Internetemail.AnemailaddressontheInternettypicallyconsistsofanaccountname,
followedbythe@(at)symbol,ahostname,andadomainname.
InternetEngineeringTaskForce(n)~Aworldwideorganizationofindividuals
interestedinnetworkingandtheInternet.ManagedbytheIESG(InternetEngineering
SteeringGroup),theIETFischargedwithstudyingtechnicalproblemsfacingtheInternet
andproposingsolutionstotheIAB.TheworkoftheIETFiscarriedoutbyvarious
WorkingGroupsthatconcentrateonspecifictopics,suchasroutingandsecurity.
InternetExplorer(PN)~TheMicrosoftwebbrowser.
InternetExplorer10(PN)~Thetouch-optimized,immersivewebbrowserforWindows.
InternetExplorer10ConsumerPreview(PN)~AnonfinalreleaseofInternetExplorer
10.
InternetExplorer10ReleasePreview(PN)~AnonfinalreleaseofInternetExplorer10
thatfollowstheconsumerpreview.
InternetExplorerAdministrationKit(n)~Asetoftoolsthatenablescorporate
administrators,ISPs,andICPstocreate,distribute,andmanagecustomizedInternet
Explorerpackagesacrossanorganization.TheIEAKcontainstheInternetExplorer
CustomizationWizard,theIEAKProfileManagerandtheIEAKToolkit.
InternetExplorerCompatibilityEvaluator(PN)~Acompatibilityevaluatorthatworks
withInternetExplorer7toverifywhetheraWebapplicationorWebsitewillhave
compatibilityissueswhenusedonanewoperatingsystem,suchasMicrosoft
Windows-Vista.IECEalsoworkswithInternetExplorertocreateandprocesslogfiles
regardingvisitedWebsitesandapplications.Thelogfilesshowcompatibilityissuesfor
boththeuserandtheACTLogProcessingService.
InternetExplorerCompatibilityTestTool(PN)~Atoolthatprovidesauserinterface
thatenablesyoutodisplaydataaboutyourInternetExplorerissuesinreal-time,including
allowingyoutofilteryourresultsanduploadyourdatatoyourACTdatabaseusingthe
ACTLogProcessingService.
InternetExplorerDeveloperToolbar(PN)~AtoolbarfordevelopersinInternet
Explorerthatprovidesavarietyoftoolsforquicklycreating,understanding,and
troubleshootingWebpages.
InternetExplorerforthedesktop(PN)~ThewebbrowsercomponentofWindowsthat
providesatraditionalandfamiliarbrowsingexperience.
Internetforum(n)~Amediumprovidedbyanonlineserviceforuserstocarryonwritten
discussionsofaparticulartopicbypostingmessagesandreplyingtothem.
Internetgame(n)~Adesktopapplicationthatconnectstoapublicgameserviceonthe
Internet.ThegameserviceishostedbytheMSNGamingZone.
InternetGroupManagementProtocol(n)~AprotocolusedbyInternetProtocolversion
4(IPv4)hoststoreporttheirmulticastgroupmembershipstoanyimmediately
neighboringmulticastrouters.
InternetInformationServices(n)~MicrosoftWebserversoftware,utilizingthe
HypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)todeliverWorldWideWebdocuments.Supportsthe
CommonGatewayInterface(CGI),theFileTransferProtocol(FTP),andGopher.
InternetInformationServices7Manager(PN)~Thetoolthatmanagesservicesthatare
hostedintheWindowsProcessActivationservice(WAS).
InternetInformationServices7ManagerforRemoteAdministration(PN)~A
softwareproductthatprovidestheabilitytosecurelymanageremoteIIS7serversfrom
Windows7,WindowsVista,WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003.
InternetKeyExchange(PN)~Aprotocolthatestablishesthesecurityassociationand
sharedkeysnecessaryforcomputerstocommunicatebyusingInternetProtocolsecurity
(IPsec).
InternetLocatorServiceserver(n)~Acomputerthatliststhenamesande-mail
addressesofpeoplewhoarerunningNetMeetingandwhoareloggedontotheserver.
Thisinformationisusedtoconnecttotheircomputers.
InternetMessageAccessProtocol(n)~Amethodcomputersusetosendandreceivee-
mailmessages.Itallowsyoutoaccesse-mailwithoutdownloadingittoyourcomputeror
device.
InternetMessageAccessProtocol4(n)~Astandardclient/serverprotocolforreceiving
e-mail.Theuser(ortheuser’se-mailclient)canviewjusttheheadingandthesenderof
theletterandthendecidewhethertodownloadthemail.
InternetofThings(PN)~Aplatformonwhichtheoperatingsystemcanrunonform
factorsotherthanPCs,tablets,andphones.
InternetProtocol(n)~AroutableprotocolintheTCP/IPprotocolsuitethatisresponsible
forIPaddressing,routing,andthefragmentationandreassemblyofIPpackets.
InternetProtocolmulticasting(n)~Theextensionoflocalareanetworkmulticasting
technologytoaTCP/IPnetwork.Hostssendandreceivemulticastdatagrams,the
destinationfieldsofwhichspecifyIPhostgroupaddressesratherthanindividualIP
addresses.AhostindicatesthatitisamemberofagroupbymeansoftheInternetGroup
ManagementProtocol(IGMP).
InternetProtocolsecurity(n)~Asetofindustry-standard,cryptography-basedservices
andprotocolsthathelptoprotectdataoveranetwork.
InternetProtocolversion4(n)~AnInternetProtocolthathas32-bitsourceand
destinationaddresses.IPv4isthepredecessorofIPv6.
InternetRelayChat(PN)~AservicethatenablesanInternetusertoparticipateina
conversationonlineinrealtimewithotherusers.
InternetSCSI(n)~AnindustrystandarddevelopedtoenabletransmissionofSCSI
commandsovertheexistingInternetProtocol(IP)networkbyusingtheTCP/IPprotocol.
iSCSIoffersthepossibilityofdeliveringbothmessagingtrafficandblock-basedstorage
overIPnetworkswithoutinstallingaseparateFibreChannelnetwork.
InternetServerAPI(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)thatresidesona
servercomputerforinitiatingsoftwareservicestunedforWindowsoperatingsystems.In
MicrosoftProvisioningSystem,ISAPIresidesontheWebserver.
InternetServerApplicationProgrammingInterface(n)~Anapplicationprogramming
interface(API)thatresidesonaservercomputerforinitiatingsoftwareservicestunedfor
Windowsoperatingsystems.InMicrosoftProvisioningSystem,ISAPIresidesontheWeb
server.
Internetservice(n)~Oneofanyofanumberoftechnologiesformakinginformation
accessibletousersovertheInternet.EachInternetserviceisdefinedbyaprotocol,suchas
HypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP),andeachisenabledusingclient/serverapplications,
suchasWebbrowsersandWebservers.InternetprotocolsaredefinedintheRequestfor
Comments(RFC)documentsthatarepublishedbytheInternetEngineeringTaskForce
(IETF).
Internetservicemanager(n)~AutilityincludedwithIISandPersonalWebServerthat
allowsyoutoconfiguretheWebsitesyourserversupports
Internetserviceprovider(n)~AbusinessthatsuppliesInternetconnectivityservicesto
individuals,businesses,andotherorganizations.AnISPprovidesatelephonenumber,a
username,apassword,andotherconnectioninformationsothatuserscanaccessthe
InternetthroughtheISP’scomputers.
InternetServicesManager(n)~Asnap-inforMMCusedtomanagemanyIIS5.0Web
sitesfromasinglelocationanywhereontheInternet.Withthissnap-in,youcancreate
Websitesandvirtualdirectories.Youcanalsosetlevelsofpermission,fine-tunelogging,
andenablethrottling.
Internetsettingsfile(n)~AfilethatprovidesWindowsUpdateSetupwithInternet
settingsthatconfigurethebrowserandassociatedcomponents.Youcancreatemultiple
versionsofyourbrowserpackagebychangingthe.insfileusedbyeachpackage.Usethe
ProfileManagertocreate,save,andload.insfiles.
InternetSharing(PN)~AMicrosoftWindowstechnologythatprovideshomeandsmall-
officecomputeruserswhohavenetworkedcomputerswiththeabilitytoshareasingle
connectiontotheInternet.
Internetsite(n)~AwebsiteavailableontheInternet.
InternetStorageNameService(n)~Alightweightprotocoldesignedtomakethe
automateddiscovery,management,andconfigurationofiSCSIandFiberChannel
Protocol(FCP)devicesonaTCP/IPnetworkeasierbyprovidingacommonmechanism
forinitiatorsandtargetstodiscoveroneanotherandforhandlingzoningand
authenticationofbothtargetsandinitiators.
Internetsynchronization(n)~AfeatureinMicrosoftJetandMicrosoftAccessthat
allowsreplicatedinformationtobesynchronizedinanenvironmentinwhichanInternet
serverisconfiguredwithMicrosoftReplicationManager,atoolincludedwithMicrosoft
Office2000Developer.
Internettelephony~UseofInternetprotocolsfortransmittingtwo-wayaudiosignalsin
realtime,asanalternativetotraditionaltelephonecarriers.
Internetzone(n)~AsecurityzoneinInternetExplorerthatcontainsWebsitesthatare
notonyourcomputeroronyourlocalintranet,orthatarenotalreadyassignedtoanother
zone.
Internet-basedclientmanagement(n)~AfeatureinConfigurationManagerthatallows
youtomanagecomputersthathavetheConfigurationManagerclientagentbutdonot
connectintothenetworkthroughaVPNordial-upconnection.
Internet-basedsitesystem(n)~Asitesystemrolethatallowsconnectionsfromclients
whentheyaremanagedovertheInternet.
Internet-basedsoftwareupdatepoint(n)~Thesoftwareupdatepointforasitethat
acceptscommunicationfromonlyclientcomputersontheInternet.Therecanbeonlyone
activeInternet-basedsoftwareupdatepoint.
Internet-facingdeployment(n)~Amethodofdeployingon-premisesCRMsothat
remoteuserscanconnecttotheapplicationfromtheInternet.
Internet-facingURL(n)~AURLthatisdirectlyaccessibleovertheInternetandthat
doesnotrequirespecialcredentialsornetworkaccesstoconnecttoit.
internetwork(n)~Twoormorenetworksegmentsconnectedbyrouters.
InternetworkPacketExchange(n)~AnetworkprotocolnativetoNetWarethatcontrols
addressingandroutingofpacketswithinandbetweenLANs.IPXdoesnotguaranteethat
amessagewillbecomplete(nolostpackets).
InternetworkPacketExchange/SequencedPacketExchange(n)~Transportprotocols
usedinNovellNetWarenetworks,whichtogethercorrespondtothecombinationofTCP
andIPintheTCP/IPprotocolsuite.WindowsimplementsIPXthroughNWLink.
InterNIC~theentitythatcontrolstheregistrationofmostdomainnamesontheInternet.
TheInterNICisacooperativeactivitybetweentheNationalScienceFoundation,Network
Solutions,Inc.andAT&T.-HTTP://WWW.INTERNIC.NET.
interning(n)~AfeatureofASP.NETthatenablesassembliesthatareinitiallydeployedin
theBinfolderofindividualapplicationsbecopiedtoacentrallocationandthenloadedby
otherapplications.
interop(n)~Thetechnologythatonesoftwarecomponentusestointeroperatewith
anothersoftwarecomponent.
interopassembly(n)~AnassemblycontainingdefinitionsofCOMtypesdescribedin
metadata.AninteropassemblyistypicallyproducedbytheTypeLibraryImporter
(Tlbimp.exe).
interopmarshaling(n)~Theprocessofpackagingparametersandreturnvaluesinto
equivalentdatatypesastheymovetoandfromCOMobjects.
interoperability(n)~Theabilityfortwoormoresoftwareapplicationstoworktogether
withlittleeffortfromtheuser.
interoperatingcontrol(n)~Acontrolwhosestateaffectsthatofanother.
interpolate(v)~Toestimateintermediatevaluesbetweentwoknownvaluesina
sequence.
interpolation(n)~Akindofinterpolationthatanimatesthepropertyvaluesbetween
successivekeytimes.
interpolation(n)~Akindofinterpolationthataveragespixelinformationwhenscalingan
image.Whenreducingthesizeofanimage,pixelsareaveragedtocreateasinglenew
pixel;whenanimageisscaledupinsize,additionalpixelsarecreatedbyaveragingpixels
ofthesmallerimage.
interpolation(n)~Amethodofestimating(avalueorafunction)betweenthevalues
alreadyknownordetermined.
interprocesscommunication(n)~Theabilityofonetaskorprocesstocommunicatewith
anotherinamultitaskingoperatingsystem.Commonmethodsincludepipes,semaphores,
sharedmemory,queues,signals,andmailboxes.
inter-projectdependency(n)~Awaytoshowthatyourproject,oraspecifictaskinyour
project,requiresadeliverableinanotherproject.Yourprojectandtaskdatesarenot
affectedbychangestothedatesintheprojectyouaredependentupon.
interrupt(n)~Asignalsentbyadevicetogettheattentionoftheprocessorwhenthe
deviceisreadytoacceptorsendinformation.
interruptrequest(n)~Asignalsentbyadevicetogettheattentionoftheprocessorwhen
thedeviceisreadytoacceptorsendinformation.
interruptrequestline(n)~Ahardwarelineoverwhichaperipheraldevice,bus
controller,otherprocessor,orthekernelsignalsarequestforservicetothe
microprocessor.
interruptserviceroutine(n)~Akernel-modeinterruptthatissmall,veryfastpiecesof
assemblycodethatmapphysicalinterruptsontologicalinterrupts.ISRsareusedto
providehooksbacktothekernelaswellasdevicedrivers.
interruptibleorchestration(n)~Anorchestrationthatcanbeinterruptedinmid-process
atwell-definedpoints.
intersect(v)~Tocombinetwoormoreshapesorpathstoresultinasinglepaththat
showsonlytheareaswhereallshapesandpathsoverlapped.
intersitemessagingservice(n)~Aservicethatsupportstransportsforasynchronous,site-
to-sitemessaging.Eachtransportservestwomajorroles:send/receiveandtopology
queries(suchas,whatarethevarioussitesconnectedbythistransport,andatwhatcost?).
intersitetopologygenerator(n)~AserverinanActiveDirectoryarchitecturethatis
responsibleformanagingtheinboundreplicationconnectionobjectsforalltheserver
contactpointsintheserver’ssite.
interunitaccounting(n)~Anaccountingprocesswheredue-toanddue-fromaccount
entriesareautomaticallycreatedtoensurethatanaccountingentryisbalancedforoneor
morespecifiedfinancialdimensionsinalegalentity.
interval(n)~Thenumberoftimesacycleshouldoccurforagiveninstanceofthecycle
frequency.Anintervalvalueof1indicatesthatthecycleshouldoccurforeachinstanceof
thecyclefrequency.Anintervalvalueof2indicatesthatthecycleshouldoccurevery
secondinstanceofthecyclefrequency.
intervalevent(n)~Aneventwhosepayloadisvalidforagivenperiodoftime.The
metadataoftheintervaleventrequiresthatboththestartandendtimeoftheintervalbe
providedintheeventmetadata.Intervaleventsarevalidonlyforthisspecificinterval.
intervaleventmodel(n)~Theeventmodelofanintervalevent.
intranet(n)~AnetworkwithinanorganizationthatusesInternettechnologiesand
protocols,butisavailableonlytocertainpeople,suchasemployeesofacompany.
Intranet~Aprivateminiatureinternet,usuallybelongingtoasinglecompanyor
organization,connectingtheorganization’scomputerstogetherwhile(usually)restricting
accessfromtheinternetproper.-Oftenjustcalled‘thenetwork’.
intranet~AnintranetisaconstrainedversionoftheInternetusuallyownedand
controlledbyasinglecompanyororganisation.Intranetscanstillbeworld-wide,
use-TCP/IP-protocols,andbestructuredasacollectionofnetworksbutthegreatest
differenceisthataccessislimitedtoasetofauthorisedusersusingfirewallsandother
mechanisms.
in-transitleadtime(n)~Theleadtimerequiredforanitemtoleavetheshippingparty
andarriveatthereceivingparty.
Intrastat(n)~Thesystemforcollectingandgeneratingstatisticsonthetradeofitems
betweencountries/regionsintheEuropeanUnion.
intravenousline(n)~Adeviceusedtoadministermedicationsorotherfluidsdirectlyinto
thebloodstreamthroughavein.
intrinsicconstant(n)~AconstantthatispartofMicrosoftAccessorareferencedlibrary.
intrinsicevent(n)~AneventthatoccursinresponsetoachangeinthestandardWMI
datamodel.Eachintrinsiceventclassrepresentsaspecifictypeofchangeandoccurs
whenWMIoraprovidercreates,deletes,ormodifiesanamespace,class,orclass
instance.
intrinsicfunction(n)~Afunctionthatthecompilergeneratesasinlinecode,notas
functioncalls.
intrusiondetectionsystem(n)~Atypeofsecuritymanagementsystemforcomputers
andnetworks.Intrusiondetectionsystems(IDS)providereal-timemonitoringofnetwork
traffic.AnIDScandetectawiderangeofhostileattacksignatures(patterns),generate
alarmstoalertoperationsstaffand,insomecases,causerouterstoterminate
communicationsfromhostilesources.
invalid(adj)~Erroneousorunrecognizablebecauseofaflawinreasoningoranerrorin
input.Invalidresults,forexample,mightoccurifthelogicinaprogramisfaulty.
inventoriedname(n)~Insoftwareinventory,thenameofacompanyorproductexactly
asitappearsintheheaderoftheproductfiles.
inventory(n)~Alistofsoftwareandhardwareforeachclientinasite.
inventory(n)~Itemsthatanowningorganizationusesinitsproductdeliveryactivities.
Thevalueofanitemiscalculatedbyusinganinventoryvaluationmethodandisrecorded
ininventoryaccounts.
inventory(v)~Tocreate,maintain,andreportalistofclientssoftwareandhardware.
Inventory&logistics(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelp
businesseswithinventoryandlogisticaltasks.
inventoryblocking(n)~Methodtorestricton-handinventoryfrombeingissuedoutofa
warehouse.
inventorycatalog(n)~Datastoragethatholdsinventorydatafortheproductsand
variantsforsingleormultipleproductcatalogs.Inventorycatalogsareoneoftwotypes:
thedefaultinventorycatalogthatisalwayspresentandcustominventorycatalogswhich
areaddedbyusers.
InventoryCollector(PN)~AcomponentoftheACTthatexamineseachofyour
organization’scomputers,identifiestheinstalledapplicationsandsysteminformation,and
returnstheresultstotheAnalyzescreenoftheApplicationCompatibilityManager.
InventoryCondition(n)~Thestateofitemsintheinventory.Canbeoneoffourvalues:
OutofStock,InStock,Back-Ordered,orPre-Ordered.
inventorydecrease(n)~Atransactionwhereitemsgooutofinventory.
inventoryincrease(n)~Atransactionwhereitemscomeintoinventory.
inventoryitem(n)~Anitemizedproductthatparticipatesinaninventoryprocess.
inventorylocation(n)~Afunctionalstoragefacilitywherethestockvalueisrecordedin
accountingjournalsusinginventoryaccountclassifications.
inventorymanagement(n)~Thebranchofmanagementthatplansandcontrolsthe
holdingofinventory.Inventorymanagementdoesnotmanagetheinventoryitself,but
ratherplansforsuchthingsaslevelstomaintain.
inventoryonhand(n)~Itemsthatarephysicallyinstockandavailabletobeusedorsold.
inventoryorder(n)~Arequestforitemsfrominventory.Itemsmightberequestedbya
salesorderorbyproduction.
inventoryperiod(n)~Adefinedintervaloftimeinwhichuserscanpostinventory
transactions.Aninventoryperiodcanbeclosedtopreventanyvaluechangestoinventory
(expectedorinvoiced)frombeingpostedwithapostingdateintheclosedperiod.Itis,
however,possibletoapplyanitemquantitytoanopenitemledgerentryinaclosed
period.
inventoryreceipt(n)~Atransactionfortheacceptanceofitemsintoinventory.An
inventoryreceiptincreasesinventoryonhand.
inventoryregistrationpolicy(n)~Apolicythatcontrolswhenstockthatisstoredina
supermarketisregisteredasinventory.
inventorytransaction(n)~Atransactionforitemsmovingtoinventory(receipts)orfrom
inventory(issues).
inventoryturnover(n)~Thenumberoftimesinayearthatacompanyturnsinventory
(sellsanamountofproductequaltotheaverageinvestmentintheproduct).Inventory
turnoveriscalculatedbydividingtheannualcostofgoodssoldbytheaverageinventory
investment.Inventoryturnovermeasurestheperformanceofinventory.
inversemultiplexing(n)~Theprocesswherebybandwidthenablesacalltotransmitmore
informationatthesametimeinthesametimeframethaninformationfromasinglesignal
transmittedoverasinglechannel.Thisisaccomplishedbysplittingasinglehigh-speed
channelintomultiplesignals,transmittingthemultiplesignalsovermultiplefacilities
operatingatalowerratethantheoriginalsignal,andthenrecombiningtheseparately
transmittedportionsintotheoriginalsignalattheoriginalrate.
inversetelecine(n)~Theprocessthatremovestheframesthatwereaddedwhen24-fps
filmwasconvertedto30-fpsvideo.
invert(v)~Toreversesomethingorchangeittoitsopposite.
InvertedPyramid(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowproportional,or
interconnected,orhierarchicalrelationshipswiththelargestcomponentonthetopand
narrowingdown.Level1textappearsinthepyramidsegmentsandLevel2textappearsin
shapesalongsideeachsegment.
investmentproject(n)~Aprojectthathasnoimmediateearningsandthatisusedtotrack
andcontrolcosts.Aninvestmentprojectincludesitem,hour,andexpensecosts.
invisible(adj)~Notdisplayed.
Invisible(PN)~Thestatusthatauserselectswhentheyaresignedinbutwanttoappear
asofflinetotheircontacts.TheycansendandreceiveIMswheninvisible.
invisibleelement(n)~Anelementthatisnotdisplayedonawebpage.
invitation(n)~Anemailmessagethatausersendstootherstoinvitethemtoameeting.
invitation(n)~Anotificationforsharingitems,suchascalendars,documentsorfolders,
withothers.
invitation(n)~Anemailmessageaskingsomeonewhoisnotpartofsomething,suchas
Yammer,aforum,oragroup,tojoinit.
invite(v)~Toasksomeonetoengageinaninstantconversation.
Invite(PN)~AUIelement,inaconversationwindow,thataccessestheInviteSomeone’
menuitem.Theusercanthenselectacontacttoaddtothecurrentconversation.’
Invite(PN)~ThebuttoninYammerthatallowsuserstoinvitecolleaguestojoinYammer.
invite(n)~Aninvitationmessagetoselectedpersonstojoininaservice.
InviteSomeone(PN)~AUIelementthatsendsaninstantmessagetotheselectedperson
invitingthemtojointhecurrentconversation.
InvitetoNewConversation…(PN)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforapersonina
multi-partyconversationthatinvitestheselectedpersontoanewconversation,separate
fromthecurrentconversation.
Invited(PN)~Thecontactpicturelabelthatindicatessomeonehasbeeninvitedtodo
something,buthasnotrespondedyet.
invitee(n)~Apersonwhohasbeeninvitedtoaconferencebuthasnotacceptedorwho
hasacceptedbuttheconferencehasnotstartedyet(i.e.,heorsheisnotyetaparticipant).
inviter(n)~Theuserwhoinvitesotheruserstojoinasharedspace.
invoice(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsapaymentrequestfromanotherparty.
invoicecompany(n)~Thecompanythatisassociatedwithaninvoicetransaction.
InvoiceID(PN)~AtextfieldintheInvoiceform.Anauto-generatednumber.
invoicelinenetamount(n)~Theactualcurrencyamountthatisrepresentedbyan
invoiceline,calculatedasfollows:Purchaseorderquantity*(Unitprice/Priceunit)-
Tradeagreementdiscount+Itemmiscellaneouscharge
invoicematching(n)~Apracticeofmatchingvendorinvoicepricesandproduct
quantitiestopurchaseordersandproductreceipts.
invoicenetunitprice(n)~Theactualcurrencyamountperunitthatisrepresentedbythe
vendorinvoice,calculatedasfollows:Invoicelinenetamount/Quantityontheinvoice.
invoicePO(n)~Acommercialdocumentorcontract,orthenumberidentifyinga
commercialdocumentorcontract,thatisissuedbyabuyertoasellerthatidentifies
agreeduponprices,goods,payments,andservices.
invoicepricevariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthepriceonapackingslipandthe
invoicelineprice.Theinvoicepricevarianceisdeterminedwhenpurchaseinvoicesare
comparedtopurchasereceipts.
invoiceproduct(n)~Alineiteminaninvoicecontainingdetailedbillinginformation.
invoiceproject(n)~Asetofprojectsthatareinvoicedfromthesameinvoiceproposal.
invoiceregister(n)~Ajournalinwhichvendorinvoicesareenteredastheyarrive.
invoicedrevenue(n)~Revenuefromanhour,expense,fee,oritemtransaction.
invokeoperation(n)~Adomainoperationthatisexecutedwithouttrackingordeferred
execution.
IOCtl(n)~Acommandthatenablesaprogramtocommunicatedirectlywithadevice
driver.Thisisdone,forexample,bysendingastringofcontrolinformationrecognizedby
thedriver.Noneoftheinformationpassedfromtheprogramtothedevicedriverissentto
thedeviceitself(inotherwords,thecontrolstringsenttoaprinterdriverisnotdisplayed
ontheprinter).
iOS(PN)~AmobileoperatingsystemdevelopedbyAppleInc.anddistributed
exclusivelyforApplehardwarethatpowersmanyofthecompany’siDevices.
iOS~(iphoneOperatingSystem)-Theoperatingsystemfor-Apple’ssmartphones
(iPhone)andtablets(iPad).
IoT(PN)~Aplatformonwhichtheoperatingsystemcanrunonformfactorsotherthan
PCs,tablets,andphones.
IP(n)~AroutableprotocolintheTCP/IPprotocolsuitethatisresponsibleforIP
addressing,routing,andthefragmentationandreassemblyofIPpackets.
IP~(InternetProtocol)-A-protocol-(computerlanguage)whichcomputersuseto
communicatewithandovertheinternet.
IPaddress(n)~Abinarynumberthatuniquelyidentifiesahost(computer)connectedto
theInternettootherInternethosts,forthepurposesofcommunicationthroughthetransfer
ofpackets.
IPaddress~(InternetProtocoladdress)-Auniquenumberassignedtoanycomputer
connectedtotheinternet,includingyours,intheformat255.255.255.255.Eachofthefour
blocksofnumberscanbeanyvaluefrom0to255.Theycaneitherbeassigned
permanently(‘staticIP’)orpersession(‘dynamicIP’).MostISPsassignthem
dynamically,iewhenyouconnecttotheinternet.
IPaddressarray(n)~AlistofIPaddressesofDNSservers.
IPAddressHours(PN)~TheunitofmeasurefortheReservedIPAzureservice.
IPAddressManagement(PN)~Abuilt-inframeworkfordiscovering,monitoring,
auditing,andmanagingtheIPaddressspaceusedonacorporatenetwork.IPAMprovides
foradministrationandmonitoringofserversrunningDynamicHostConfiguration
Protocol(DHCP)andDomainNameService(DNS).
IPaddressmask(n)~ArangeofIPaddressesdefinedsothatonlycomputerswithIP
addresseswithintherangeareallowedaccesstoanInternetservice.Tomaskaportionof
theIPaddress,replaceitwiththeasteriskwildcardcharacter(*).
IPaddresspool(n)~ArangeofcontiguousIPaddressesallocatedbythelabserviceto
virtualmachinesinanetworkisolatedenvironment.
IPAllowlist(n)~AfilteringlistthatisusedbytheConnectionFilteragentinExchange
Server2007.IPaddressesontheIPAllowlistareconsideredsafe’andareexemptedfrom
processingbyotheranti-spamagents.’
IPallowlist(n)~AlistofIPaddressesthatareconsideredsafe’byanauthority.IP
addressesinthislistareallowedaccesstoagivenresourceorwebserviceandarethereby
excludedfromfurtherprocessingofaccesscontrolpoliciesthatwouldotherwisebeused
todeterminethevalidityofthatclientsrequestforaccess.Forexample
IPAllowListprovider(PN)~InExchangeServer2007,thefeaturethattheExchange
administratorconfigurestoenablefunctionalityprovidedbyIPAllowListProvider
servicesthatcompilelistsofIPaddressesthatareknownnottohavesentspaminthepast.
TheConnectionFilteragentqueriestheservicetodetermineifagivenIPaddressissafe.”
IPAllowListproviderconfiguration(PN)~Configurationthatisusedbythe
ConnectionFilteragenttoqueryanIPAllowListprovider.
IPAllowListproviderservice(PN)~AbusinessthatcompilesanddistributeslistsofIP
addressesthatareknownnottohavesentspaminthepast.
IPBlocklist(n)~AfilteringlistthatisusedbytheConnectionFilteragentinExchange
Server2007.IPaddressesontheIPBlocklistareconsideredspam.Messagesoriginating
fromanIPaddressthatisontheIPBlocklistarestoppedfromenteringtheExchange
organization.
IPBlockListprovider(PN)~InExchangeServer2007,thefeaturethattheExchange
administratorconfigurestoenablefunctionalityprovidedbyIPBlockListProvider
servicesthatcompilelistsofIPaddressesfromwhichspamhasoriginatedinthepast.
IPBlockListproviderconfiguration(PN)~Theconfigurationthatisusedbythe
ConnectionFilteragenttoqueryanIPBlockListprovider.
IPBlockListproviderservice(PN)~Thebusinessthatcompilesanddistributeslistsof
IPaddressesfromwhichspamhasoriginatedinthepast.
IPExceptions(n)~AlistofIPaddressesforwhichfloodmitigationcustomlimits,instead
ofthedefaultsettings,willbeapplied.
IPobject(n)~Aperformanceobjectthatincludescountersthatdescribetheratesatwhich
internetprotocol(IP)datagramsaretransmittedbyacomputerusingtheIPprotocol.It
alsodescribesvariouserrorcountsfortheIPprotocol.
IPrange(n)~AspanofIPaddresses.
IPReservation(PN)~TheservicetypethatletscustomersreserveIPaddresses.
IPRestrictSpamQuarantineoption(n)~TheoptionontheSpamFilterpagethat
restrictsaccesstomonitoringandmanagingSpamQuarantinebyIPaddress.
IPsafelist(n)~ThecollectionofIPaddressesthatareinagatewayserverslistorinternal
mailserverslistofIPaddressesthatshouldnotbetreatedasspam.
IPSSL(PN)~TheunitofmeasureforIPaddressSSLconnections.
IP/VoIPgateway(n)~Athird-partyhardwaredeviceorproductthatconnectsalegacy
PBXtoaLAN.AnIP/VoIPgatewaytranslatesorconvertsTDMortelephonycircuit-
switchedprotocolstopacketswitchedprotocolsthatcanbeusedonaVoIP-based
network.
iPad(PN)~AlineoftabletcomputersdesignedandmarketedbyApple,Inc.
iPad~Apopular-tablet-computerfromApple.
IPAM(PN)~Abuilt-inframeworkfordiscovering,monitoring,auditing,andmanaging
theIPaddressspaceusedonacorporatenetwork.IPAMprovidesforadministrationand
monitoringofserversrunningDynamicHostConfigurationProtocol(DHCP)andDomain
NameService(DNS).
IPC(n)~Theabilityofonetaskorprocesstocommunicatewithanotherinamultitasking
operatingsystem.Commonmethodsincludepipes,semaphores,sharedmemory,queues,
signals,andmailboxes.
IPC(PN)~AMicrosofttechnologythatisimplementedbyAzureRightsManagement
servicethroughasetofmethodsandcapabilitiestocontrolhowdataisusedand
distributedbeyondtheuseofsimpleaccesscontrolandpreventaccidentaland
unauthorizeddistributionofsensitiveinformation.
iPhone~Anextremelypopular-smartphone-fromApple.
IP-in-IPtunnel(n)~TheencapsulationofanIPmulticastdatagramwithinanIPunicast
datagram,soastoforwardinformationbetweenendpointsinanIPinternetworkthathave
differingcapabilities,thusactingasalogicallinkbetweentheendpoints.
iPod~The-Apple-Corporation’smassivelysuccessfulportablemusicplayer,nolonger
manufacturedasastandalonedevicebecauseitisbuiltintotheiPhone.Seealso-iTunes.
IPsec(n)~Asetofindustry-standard,cryptography-basedservicesandprotocolsthathelp
toprotectdataoveranetwork.
IPsecDenialofServiceProtection(PN)~Afeaturethathelpsclientmachinestoprovide
basicprotectionagainstdenial-of-serviceattacks.
IPV(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthepriceonapackingslipandtheinvoicelineprice.
Theinvoicepricevarianceisdeterminedwhenpurchaseinvoicesarecomparedto
purchasereceipts.
IPV(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstpoliomyelitis.
IPv4(n)~AnInternetProtocolthathas32-bitsourceanddestinationaddresses.IPv4is
thepredecessorofIPv6.
IPV6transitiontechnology(n)~AtechnologysuchasTeredo,6to4andISATAPthat
allowsyoutodeployanduseIPv6evenifyournetworkinfrastructuredoesnotyetsupport
it.TransitiontechnologiescansimplifyandsavemoneyduringanIPv6deployment.
IPX(n)~AnetworkprotocolnativetoNetWarethatcontrolsaddressingandroutingof
packetswithinandbetweenLANs.IPXdoesnotguaranteethatamessagewillbe
complete(nolostpackets).
IPython(PN)~Acommandshellforinteractivecomputinginmultipleprogramming
languages,originallydevelopedforthePythonprogramminglanguage,thatoffers
enhancedintrospection,richmedia,additionalshellsyntax,tabcompletion,andrich
history.
IRC(PN)~AservicethatenablesanInternetusertoparticipateinaconversationonline
inrealtimewithotherusers.
IRCscript(n)~AtypeofcodethatisexchangedbetweenanIRCserverandaremote
computer.WhenmalicioussoftwareconnectstoanIRCserverthroughabackdooronan
infectedcomputer,anIRCscriptmaybeusedbyanattackertosendcommandsand
respondtoeventsontheinfectedcomputer.
IrDA(n)~Theindustryorganizationofcomputer,component,andtelecommunications
vendorswhohaveestablishedthestandardsforinfraredcommunicationbetween
computersandperipheraldevicessuchasprinters.
iris(n)~Anadjustablecomponentofacameralensthatallowsvaryinglevelsoflightto
passthrough.
irisdiaphragm(n)~Anadjustablecomponentofacameralensthatallowsvaryinglevels
oflighttopassthrough.
IRM(n)~Apolicytoolthatgivesauthorscontroloverhowrecipientsusethedocuments
ande-mailstheysend.
IRP(n)~Datastructuresthatdriversusetocommunicatewitheachother.
IRQ(n)~Asignalsentbyadevicetogettheattentionoftheprocessorwhenthedeviceis
readytoacceptorsendinformation.
IRS(PN)~ThefederalrevenueagencyundertheUnitedStatesDepartmentofthe
Treasurythatisresponsibleforthecollectionoftaxesinadditiontotheinterpretationand
enforcementoffederaltaxlaws.
ISA(PN)~Abusdesignspecificationthatallowscomponentstobeaddedascards
pluggedintostandardexpansionslotsinIBMPersonalComputersandcompatibles.
OriginallyintroducedintheIBMPC/XTwithan8-bitdatapath,ISAwasexpandedin
1984,whenIBMintroducedthePC/AT,topermita16-bitdatapath.A16-bitISAslot
actuallyconsistsoftwoseparate8-bitslotsmountedend-to-endsothatasingle16-bitcard
plugsintobothslots.An8-bitexpansioncardcanbeinsertedandusedina16-bitslot(it
occupiesonlyoneofthetwoslots),buta16-bitexpansioncardcannotbeusedinan8-bit
slot.
ISA~(IndustryStandardArchitecture;pr.‘icer’)Aonce-commontypeofPC-expansion
card,nowobsolete;seealso-EISA,-PCI.
ISAexpansionslot(n)~AconnectionsocketforaperipheraldesignedtotheIndustry
StandardArchitecture(ISA)onacomputermotherboard.
ISAM(n)~Atechniqueforindexingdatabaserecordsthatallowssequentialorrandom
accessofrecords.Whenrecordsareaccessedsequentiallytheyareaccessedintheorderin
whichtheywereenteredinthedatabase,andwhenrecordsareaccessedrandomly,the
recordsareaccessedthroughanindex.
ISAPI(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)thatresidesonaservercomputer
forinitiatingsoftwareservicestunedforWindowsoperatingsystems.InMicrosoft
ProvisioningSystem,ISAPIresidesontheWebserver.
ISAPIfilter(n)~AprogramthatrespondswhentheWebserverreceivesanHTTP
request.ISAPIfiltersaredifferentfromapplicationsinthattheyaredrivenprimarilyby
Webservereventsratherthanbyaclientrequest.Thoseevents,however,maybethe
resultofclientrequests.YoucanassociateanISAPIfilterwithaparticularWebserver
event;thefilterisnotifiedeachtimetheassociatedeventoccurs.
iSCSI(n)~AnindustrystandarddevelopedtoenabletransmissionofSCSIcommands
overtheexistingInternetProtocol(IP)networkbyusingtheTCP/IPprotocol.iSCSI
offersthepossibilityofdeliveringbothmessagingtrafficandblock-basedstorageoverIP
networkswithoutinstallingaseparateFibreChannelnetwork.
iSCSIinitiator(n)~AlogicalentitythatenablesaservertocommunicatewithaniSCSI
deviceoveranInternetProtocol(IP)network.EachiSCSIinitiatorcanhaveoneormore
networkadaptersthroughwhichcommunicationisestablished.
iSCSItarget(n)~Alogicalentitycreatedinordertomanagetheconnectionsbetweenan
iSCSIdeviceandtheserversthatneedtoaccessitoveranInternetProtocol(IP)network.
Atargetdefinestheportals(IPaddresses)thatcanbeusedtoconnecttotheiSCSIdevice,
aswellasthesecuritysettings(ifany)thattheiSCSIdevicerequiresinorderto
authenticatetheserversthatarerequestingaccesstoitsresources.
ISDN(n)~Ahigh-speeddigitaltechnologythatusesexistingtelephonelinestoprovide
Internetaccess.
ISDN~(IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork)-Anearlyhighspeed(foritstime)internet
connectionsystemmainlyaimedatbusiness,nowlargelyobsolete.Requiresaspecialtype
of-modem-calledaTerminalAdaptor.
ISF(PN)~AMicrosoftformatusedtostoreinkdata.Theformatismainlyusedfor
mobiledevices.
Ishikawadiagram(n)~Atypeofdiagramthatdocumentsallthefactorsthatcontributeto
oraffectagivensituation(allthecausesthatleadtoacertaineffect).
Islamic(Shia)ReligiousHolidays(PN)~ThelistiteminOutlookthatallowsusersto
addstandardIslamicShiaholidaystotheircalendar.
Islamic(Sunni)ReligiousHolidays(PN)~ThelistiteminOutlookthatallowsusersto
addstandardIslamicSunniholidaystotheircalendar.
ISM(n)~Aservicethatsupportstransportsforasynchronous,site-to-sitemessaging.Each
transportservestwomajorroles:send/receiveandtopologyqueries(suchas,whatarethe
varioussitesconnectedbythistransport,andatwhatcost?).
iSNS(n)~Alightweightprotocoldesignedtomaketheautomateddiscovery,
management,andconfigurationofiSCSIandFiberChannelProtocol(FCP)devicesona
TCP/IPnetworkeasierbyprovidingacommonmechanismforinitiatorsandtargetsto
discoveroneanotherandforhandlingzoningandauthenticationofbothtargetsand
initiators.
ISO(n)~Aninternationalassociationof157countries/regions,eachofwhichis
representedbyitsleadingstandard-settingorganization-forexample,ANSI(American
NationalStandardsInstitute)fortheUnitedStates.TheISOworkstoestablishglobal
standardsforcommunicationsandinformationexchange.Primaryamongits
accomplishmentsisthewidelyacceptedISO/OSIreferencemodel,whichdefines
standardsfortheinteractionofcomputersconnectedbycommunicationsnetworks.
ISO14000(PN)~StandardsandguidelinesthatweredevelopedbytheInternational
OrganizationforStandardization(ISO)tohelporganizationsminimizethenegativeeffect
theiroperationshaveontheenvironmentandtocomplywithapplicablelawsand
regulations.
ISOimage(n)~AnimagefiletypicallyusedtocreateopticaldisksincludingCD-ROMs
andDVDs.TheISOformatissupportedbymanycommercially-availablesoftware
products.
ISOspeed(n)~Aratingofafilm’ssensitivitytolight.Thoughdigitalcamerasdon’tuse
film,theyhaveadoptedthesameratingsystemfordescribingthesensitivityofthe
camera’simagesensor.Generally,asISOspeedclimbs,imagequalitydrops.
isochronous(adj)~Pertainingtoprocesseswheredatamustbedeliveredwithincertain
timeconstraints.Multimediastreamsrequireanisochronoustransportmechanismto
ensurethatdataisdeliveredasfastasitisdisplayed,andtoensurethattheaudiois
synchronizedwiththevideo.
IsoHunt~isoHuntisaBitTorrentindexwithover1.7milliontorrentsinitsdatabaseand
20millionpeersfromindexedtorrents.-http://isohunt.com/
isolateddevelopmentenvironment(n)~Aprivatecopyofthedatabasethatiscreated
fromthedatabaseprojectandtypicallyfilledwithdatabyusingadatagenerationplan.
isolatedreceiveadapter(n)~Thereceiveadapterthatishostedinaprocessotherthana
BizTalkServerprocess.Thisadapteriscreatedandcontrolledbyexternalprocessandit
registerswithBizTalkserveratruntimetosubmitmessages.
isolatedstorage(n)~Adatastoragemechanismthatprovidesisolationandsafetyby
definingstandardizedwaysofassociatingcodewithsaveddata.
isolation(n)~ThePlugandPlayprocessbywhichcardsonanISAbusaredistinguished
fromeachotheraftersystemstartup.
isolation(n)~Acharacteristicwherebytwotransactionsrunninginparallelproducethe
illusionthatthereisnoconcurrency.Itappearsthatthesystemisrunningonetransaction
atatime.
isolationlevel(n)~Thepropertyofatransactionthatcontrolsthedegreetowhichdatais
isolatedforusebyoneprocess,andisguardedagainstinterferencefromotherprocesses.
isometric(adj)~Oneofthepresetsfor3Drotationeffects.Whenselected,specifiesthat
theobjectwillberotatedisometrically.
ISP(n)~AbusinessthatsuppliesInternetconnectivityservicestoindividuals,businesses,
andotherorganizations.AnISPprovidesatelephonenumber,ausername,apassword,
andotherconnectioninformationsothatuserscanaccesstheInternetthroughtheISP’s
computers.
ISP~(InternetServiceProvider)-Acompanywhichprovidesaconnectiontotheinternet,
orinternetservices.
ISPsignupoffer(n)~AsetofHTMLpagesinWindowsWelcomethatenablesendusers
tosignupforInternetaccessfromaparticularInternetserviceprovider.
ISPsign-upserver(n)~AnHTTPserverthatautomatesthetaskofaddingnewcustomers
toanISP’scustomerdatabase.TheInternetsign-upservercollectsinformationfromeach
customer,addstheinformationtotheISP’scustomerdatabase,andthenpassesa
configurationpacketbacktothecustomer’sdesktopcomputer.Theconfigurationpacket
containsinformationthatisusedtoconfigurethecustomer’sInternetbrowserfor
subsequentconnectiontotheISP’sservices.
ISQL(n)~AninteractivecommandpromptutilityprovidedwithSQLServerthatlets
usersrunTransact-SQLstatementsorbatchesfromaserverorworkstationandviewthe
resultsthatarereturned.
ISR(n)~Akernel-modeinterruptthatissmall,veryfastpiecesofassemblycodethatmap
physicalinterruptsontologicalinterrupts.ISRsareusedtoprovidehooksbacktothe
kernelaswellasdevicedrivers.
ISS(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheAppServicesservicethatprovidesamanagement
serviceforintelligentsystemsthroughMicrosoftAzure.
issue(n)~Thereleaseofitemsfrominventory.
issue(v)~Toreleaseanitem,oritems,frominventory.
issue(n)~Aproblemthatanassessmentidentifies.Theissuedescriptionmayalsoinclude
asolutionfortheproblemandlinkstoinformationabouthowtoperformfurther
investigation.
issuedate(n)~Thedateonwhichbonds,policies,stock,etc.areissued.
issuemargin(n)~Anumberofdaysaddedtoissuesfrominventory,suchassalesorder
transactions,toprotectagainstunplanneddelays.
issueslip(n)~Areportthatisgeneratedbyabailorwhenitemsareshippedtoabaileefor
storagepurposes.
issuer(n)~Thecertificationauthoritywhichissuedthecertificatetothesubject.
issuer(n)~Thecompanyororganizationthatissuedtheuserthecardthey’readdingto
theirwallet.Forexample,anissuercouldbeabank.
issuingCA(n)~Inapublickeyinfrastructurehierarchy,thecertificationauthoritythat
thatissuescertificatestousersandcomputers.
issuingcertificate(n)~Thecertificatetheissuerusedtosignasubject’scertificate.
issuingcertificationauthority(n)~Inapublickeyinfrastructurehierarchy,the
certificationauthoritythatthatissuescertificatestousersandcomputers.
issuingdistributionpoint(n)~AnextensionthatindicatesiftheCRLislimitedto
revocationsforend-entitycertificatesorforCAcertificates.
ISTG(n)~AserverinanActiveDirectoryarchitecturethatisresponsibleformanaging
theinboundreplicationconnectionobjectsforalltheservercontactpointsintheserver’s
site.
ISTM~(ItSeemsToMe)-Internetslang.
ISTR~(ISeemToRecall)-Internetslang.
ISV(n)~Athird-partysoftwaredeveloper;anindividualoranorganizationthat
independentlycreatescomputersoftware.
ISVAdvisoryService(PN)~Aphone-basedsupportoptionthatprovidesassistanceto
IndependentSoftwareVendorswhoaremembersoftheMicrosoftPartnerProgram.
ISV.configfile(n)~AnXMLconfigurationdocument,withthe.configfilename
extension,thatcontainssettingsthatareusedtoupdatethenavigationstructureof
MicrosoftDynamicsCRM,includingaddingcustombuttons,tabs,andmenustoentity
forms.
IT~(InformationTechnology)-Whatcomputersareallabout-usingtechnologyto
manageinformation.ThecomputerindustryisoftencalledtheITindustry,andcomputer
departmentsoftenrefertothemselvesastheITdepartment.
italic(adj)~Pertainingtocharactersthatareevenlyslantedtotherightorinthedirection
oftextflow.
Itanium(PN)~AnIntelmicroprocessorthatusesexplicitlyparallelinstructionset
computingand64-bitmemoryaddressing.Itanium-based’referstosystemsorplatforms
thatarebasedontheItaniumprocessor.‘Itanium2-based’referstosystemsorplatforms
thatarebasedontheItanium2processor.‘Itaniumarchitecture-based’referstosystemsor
platformsthatarebasedontheItaniumandItanium2processors.’
Itanium~AnewprocessorgenerationintroducedbyIntelin2001,basedonIA-64
architecture.
Itau(PN)~AbankingandfinancialservicescompanyinBrazil.
item(n)~Aproductorservicethatacompanybuysfromavendorand/orsellstoa
customer.
item(n)~ThebasicelementthatholdsinformationinOutlook(similartoafileinother
programs).Itemsincludee-mailmessages,appointments,contacts,tasks,journalentries,
notes,posteditems,anddocuments.
item(n)~Aunitofdataormetadatathatisbeingsynchronized.Atypicalitemofdata
mightbeafileorrecord,whereasatypicalitemofmetadatamightbeaknowledgeitem.
item(n)~Auniqueelementofdatawithinafield.
item(n)~Atangibleorintangiblething.
itemallocationkey(n)~Aproductfamilygroupingthatisusedforforecastanddemand
scheduling.
itemcomment(n)~Acommentattachedtoanitemandenteredbyacashierorappearing
atthepointofsaleoronreceipts.
itemconsumption(n)~Theitemsusedtoprocessanorder.
itemdimension(n)~Aclassificationusedtodescribeanitem’sphysicalcharacteristics,
physicallocation,orrelationshiptootheritems.Forexample,theitemSHIRTcanbe
classifiedbythedimensionsCOLOR,SIZE,andSTYLE.
itemdiscountgroup(n)~Agroupingofitemstowhichthesamediscountstructure
applies.
itemexpiration(n)~Thedateafterwhichanitemisnolongerusable.
itemexpirationdate(n)~Thedateafterwhichanitemisnolongerusable.
itemgroup(n)~Auser-defineddescriptionthatisusedtoclassifyagroupofitemsthat
havecommoncharacteristics.
itemidentifierlist(n)~Anorderedsequenceofoneormoreitemidentifiers.Eachitemin
thelistcorrespondstoanamespaceobject.
itemnumber(n)~Anumberthatidentifiesonetypeofinventoryitem.
itempackage(n)~Severaldifferentitemsandquantitiesorderedfromasupplierasone
lot.
ItemPickerContract(n)~InWindows,thefeaturethatallowsuserstoselectoraccessa
singleitemlocatedonthelocalPC,aconnectedstoragedeviceorfromanapplication
underaspecifiedagreement.
itempricetolerancegroup(n)~Agroupofitemsthatcontrolstheallowableprice
variancepercentageforinvoicematching.
ItemRatings(PN)~Afeaturethatallowspeopletoratelistitemsanddocumentsona
SharePointsiteusinga5-starratingsystem.
itemrelation(n)~Areferencetotheitemallocationgrouportheitemanditsproduct
dimensionsinakanbanrule.
itemrequirement(n)~Thereservationofitemsfrominventoryforaproject.Oneitem
requirementcanincludemultipleitems.
itemsalestaxgroup(n)~Agroupofoneormoresalestaxcodesthatdefinesalestax
(includingduty)foranitem.Asalestaxgroupandanitemsalestaxgroupmustbe
connectedtoeachtransactionthatissubjecttosalestax.Salestaxiscalculatedonlyfor
thesalestaxcodesthatareincludedinboththesalestaxgroupandtheitemsalestax
group.
itemtemplate(n)~TheportionofaDataRepeatercontrolthatisusedtoprovideavisual
interfacefortherepeateditemsinthecontrol.Atdesigntime,controlscanbeaddedtothe
itemtemplate,andpropertiescanbesettomodifytheappearanceoftheDataRepeater.
itemtype(n)~ThedatadefinitionforaclassofitemsstoredinaWebapplication.An
itemtypeconsistsofitsnameandreferencestothedefaultsetoffields(properties)
associatedwithitemsofthatclass.
item-basedcontenttype(n)~Acontenttypethatinheritssettingsfromabasecontent
typethatwasdesignedforanytypeofSharePointlistitem.
item-levelroleassignment(n)~Asecuritypolicythatappliestoaniteminthereport
serverfoldernamespace.
item-levelroledefinition(n)~Asecuritytemplatethatdefinesaroleusedtocontrol
accesstoorinteractionwithaniteminthereportserverfoldernamespace.
itemscontrol(n)~Acontrolthatcanbeusedtopresentacollectionofitems.
ItemsManager(PN)~Auniversalinterfaceforfetchingitemsfromadatasource.Items
ManagerprovidesasingleunifiedAPIenablingcontrolstoenumerateoveralargesetof
items,inawaythatvirtualizes(scalestoalargenumberofitems)andworks
asynchronously(toavoidblockingthebrowser’sUIthread,whilewaitingforthedata).It
alsoprovidesapluggableinterfaceintodifferenttemplatingmechanisms.
iterate(v)~Toexecuteoneormorestatementsorinstructionsrepeatedly.Statementsor
instructionssoexecutedaresaidtobeinaloop.
iteration(n)~Repeatedexecutionofoneormorestatementsorinstructions.Statementsor
instructionssoexecutedaresaidtobeinaloop.
iteration(n)~Afixedperiodofcalendartime,generallybetween1and6weeks,for
schedulingtasksandplanningactivities.Typically,iterationsareconsecutivelynumbered
andfollowoneanothersequentially.
iteration(n)~AnodeontheCommonStructureServicehierarchythatrepresentsa
scheduleabstraction.
iterationbudget(n)~Thebudgetusedforplanningthedevelopmentactivityforan
iteration,basedonroughorderofmagnitudeestimates.Theiterationbudgetisobtained
fromthevelocityreportandismeasuredinidealpersondays.
iterationlength(n)~Thelengthofthefixedperiodoftimethatcomprisesaniteration.
Theiterationlengthusuallystaysconstantovertheentireproject.
iterationplan(n)~Thelistofscenarios,qualityofservicerequirements,andtasksforthe
upcomingiteration.
iterationtest(n)~Atestthatisrunafterthebuildverificationtests.Thesetestsverifythe
functionalitycalledforintheiterationplan.
iterativedevelopment(n)~Thedevelopmentofasolutionbybuilding,testing,and
deployingacoresetofbasicfeaturesfirst,thenaddingfeaturesinsuccessiveversions.
iterator(n)~Anobjectorroutinefortraversingtheitemsinalist,array,collection,or
streamoneatatime.
ITF(n)~Afeeimposedbysomefinancialandbankinginstitutionsoninternational
financialtransactions.
iTunes~The-Apple-Corporation’sonlinemusicstore,whereyoucandownloadmillions
ofdigitalmusictracks-forafee,ofcourse.Nowsells-apps-andmoviestoo.Applegoto
alotoftroubletomakeitdifficultandinconvenienttobuydigitalcontentfromanywhere
elseontheirdevices.
IVline(n)~Adeviceusedtoadministermedicationsorotherfluidsdirectlyintothe
bloodstreamthroughavein.
IVR(n)~Anautomatedtelephoneinformationsystemthatinteractswithacallerthrough
fixedvoicemenusandreal-timedatafromdatabases.
IXFR(n)~InDNS,azonetransferrequestinvolvingonlyincrementalresourcerecord
changesbetweeneachversionofthezone.AnIXFRcontrastswithafullzonetransfer
(AXFR)requestforallresourcerecords.
J~
J#~pronounced-€œJsharp-€?,aprogramminglanguageverysimilartoJAVAbut
implementedintheMicrosoft.NETFramework;essentiallyacombinationofJavaandC#.
J2EE(n)~AnapplicationserverframeworkfromSunMicrosystems,Inc.,forthe
developmentofdistributedapplications.ItincludesallthepreviousJavaAPIstargetedfor
multitiereddistributedenterpriseinformationsystems.TheJ2EEplatformconsistsofaset
ofservices,applicationprogramminginterfaces(APIs),andprotocolsthatprovidethe
functionalityfordevelopingmultitiered,Web-basedapplications.
JAEast(PN)~TheEasternJapaneseregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
JAWest(PN)~TheWesternJapaneseregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
Jaarrekening(n)~TheannualfinancialstatementallbusinessintheNetherlandsmust
filewiththechamberofcommerce.
jabber~Anerrorinwhichafaultydevice(usuallyaNIC)continuouslytransmits
corruptedormeaninglessdataontoanetwork.
jack~Aconnectingdevicehavingspringswhichmakeelectricalcontactwithmating
contactsofaplug.-
Jailbreaking~theactofbypassingtheAppStoreasameansfordistributingapplications
afterinstallingunsupportedsoftware.
Japaneseyen(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofJapan.
Java(n)~Anobject-orientedprogramminglanguage,developedbySunMicrosystems,
Inc.
Java~Aprogramminglanguageusedtocreatesmallprogramscalledapplets,oftento
producespecialeffectsonwebpages.
Java~Ahighlevelprogramminglanguage,developedbySunMicrosystems.Compiled
JavacodecanrunonmostcomputersbecauseJavainterpretersandruntime
environments,knownasJavaVMs.-http://www.java.com
Javaapplet(n)~AsmallsoftwareprogramwrittenintheJavalanguage,aprogramming
languagethatisusedprimarilyontheWorldWideWeb.AJavaappletislocatedwithinan
HTMLdocumentandcanbeusedtoaddtoanimation,music,pageupdates,etc.
Javadevelopmentenvironment(n)~Anintegrateddevelopmentenvironmentforthe
Javaprogramminglanguage.
JavaIDE(n)~AnintegrateddevelopmentenvironmentfortheJavaprogramming
language.
Javaintegrateddevelopmentenvironment(n)~Anintegrateddevelopment
environmentfortheJavaprogramminglanguage.
JavaVirtualMachine(n)~TheenvironmentinwhichJavaprogramsrun.
JavaBean(n)~AJavacomponentarchitecturedefinedintheJavaBeansspecification
developedbySunMicrosystems.AJavaBean,orBean,isareusableapplication
component—anindependentcodesegment—thatcanbecombinedwithotherJavaBean
componentstocreateaJavaappletorapplication.TheJavaBeanconceptemphasizesthe
platform-independenceoftheJavalanguage,inwhichideallyaprogram,oncewritten,can
runonanycomputingplatform.JavaBeansaresimilartoMicrosoft’sActiveXcontrols.
ActiveXcontrols,however,canbedevelopedindifferentprogramminglanguagesbut
executedonlyonaWindowsplatform.JavaBeanscanbedevelopedonlyintheJava
programminglanguagebutideallycanrunonanyplatform.
JavaScript(PN)~Ascriptinglanguageusedtocreateinteractiveoranimatedcontentfor
theInternet,suchasgamesoradvancedfinancialapplications.
Javascript~Asetofprograminstructions,vaguelysimilarto-Java-butnotactually
related,writtenstraightintotheHTMLofawebpageinsteadofasanapplet.
JavaScript~AscriptinglanguagetargetedspecificallytotheInternet.Itisthefirst
scriptinglanguagetofullyconformtoECMAScript,theWeb’sonlystandardscripting
language.Despiteitsname,JavaScriptisnotaderivativeofJava;itsoriginisNetscape’s
Livescriptlanguage.
JavaScriptAPIforOffice(n)~AJavaScriptAPIthatprovidessimpleandconsistent
programmaticaccesstoOfficedocumentsandapplicationsacrossOfficeclient
environmentsthroughcommonaswellasapplication-specificdatatypes,objects,
functionsandevents.
JavaScriptObjectNotation(PN)~Atext-based,datainterchangeformatthatisusedto
transmitstructureddata,typicallyinAjaxWebapplications.
Jazz(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#8.
Jazz+Funk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#29.
JCB(PN)~AninternationalcreditcardcompanybasedinJapanoratermusedto
describethebrandofcardsissuedbyJCB.
Jenkins(PN)~Anopensourceserver-basedsystemprovidingcontinuousintegration
servicesforsoftwaredevelopment.
Jetengine(PN)~Aclient/serverdataenginethatprovideslocaldatastorageonasmaller
computersystemandthatiscompatiblewithMicrosoftSQLServer2000andprior.
JewelTones(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofdeep,rich,andglowingcolorsandremindstheviewerofgems(suchas
turquoise,amethyst,emerald,andrubies).
JewishReligiousHolidays(PN)~ThelistiteminOutlookthatallowsuserstoadd
standardJewishholidaystotheircalendar.
JFIF(n)~AmeansofsavingphotographicimagesstoredaccordingtotheJoint
PhotographicExpertsGroupimagecompressiontechnique.JFIFrepresentsacommon
language’fileformatinthatitisdesignedspecificallytoallowuserstotransferJPEG
imageseasilybetweendifferentcomputersandapplications.’
JIT(adj)~Pertainingtosomethingthathappenswhenitbecomesnecessary.
JITcompilation(n)~ThecompilationthatconvertsMicrosoftintermediatelanguage
(MSIL)intomachinecodeatthepointwhenthecodeisrequiredatruntime.
JITcompiler(n)~AcompilertakestheJavabytecode(whichismachine-independent)
andcompilesitondemandintonativecodeforthetargetmachine,givingfasterexecution.
SinceJITcompilersoperateontheclientmachine,theypreservetheplatform-
independenceofthecompiledJavaprogram.
JITdebugging(n)~Atechniquethatcatchesfaultsthatoccurwhiletheprogramis
runningoutsidethedevelopmentenvironment.Youmustsetthisoptioninthe
developmentenvironmentbeforeexecutingyourprogram.
Jitter~Aslightmovementofatransmissionsignalintimeorphase,whichcanintroduce
errorsandlossofsynchronizationforhigh-speed,synchronouscommunications.
job(n)~Aspecifiedamountofprocessingperformedasaunitbyacomputer.
job(n)~Aspecifiedseriesofoperations,calledsteps,performedsequentiallybya
programtocompleteanaction.
job(n)~Aseriesofbusinessactivitiesthatwhencompletedwillfulfillahigh-level
objective.
job(n)~Acustomerserviceissueorproblemreportedbyacustomerandtheactivities
thatcustomerservicerepresentativesusetoresolveit.
job(n)~Agroupingofresponsibilities,duties,andjobfunctionsthatcomposeanactivity.
job(n)~Anoccurrenceofanactivityperformedbetweenspecificstartandendtimesand
atspecificlocations.
job(n)~Arequesttorunarunbook.
jobcard(n)~Amechanismtoprovidefeedbackabouttheproductionprocess.Ajobcard
liststheindividualjobnumbersofaspecificoperation,alongwithactualconsumption
statistics.
jobdefinition(n)~Apersistentcontainerthatdefinesandstoresinstructionsforajobto
berunonaserver,serverfarm,orservercluster.Torun,ajobmusthaveanassociatedjob
definition,andadefinitionmustbeassociatedwithaserviceoraWebapplication.
jobdefinition(n)~AnXMLfilethatmapsajobtemplatetoawatchfolderinwhichasset
filestobetransformedareinputandoutput.
jobdescription(n)~Astatementoftheessentialresponsibilities,duties,jobfunctions,
andrequirementsofajob.
jobfunction(n)~Oneormoretasks,duties,andresponsibilitiesthatareassignedtoajob.
jobgroup(n)~AseriesofjobsthatperformacomplexactioninVirtualMachine
Manager,suchasperformingaphysical-to-virtualmachineconversion.
jobhistory(n)~Logthatkeepsahistoricalrecordofjobs.
jobID(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatisassociatedtoanemployee’sjob.
jobinstance(n)~AjobthatisrunningorisqueuedtorunthroughtheWindows
AssessmentConsoleorWindowsAssessmentServices.
jobinstance(n)~Theoccurrenceofajob.
jobmanager(n)~Aservicethatcreates,submits,monitors,andmanagesjobs.
jobmanifest(n)~AnXML-formattedfilethatcontainsResourceDescriptionFramework
(RDF)metadatathatdescribesthejobforthetasksinaworkflow.
jobmarketpricing(n)~Amethodofdeterminingcompensationbycomparingindividual
jobstomarketbenchmarkdataforsimilarjobsinordertoidentifyavalue-relativebasis.
Withthismethod,aspecificpayrangeisassociatedwithanindividualjob,butnotwitha
compensationlevel(gradeorband).Jobmarketpricingisafeatureofbroad-banding
compensationstructures,butnotofgradesorsteps.
jobobject(n)~Asystem-levelstructurethatallowsprocessestobegroupedtogetherand
managedasasingleunit.
jobordercosting(n)~Acostingmethodthatusesproductionorderstoassignincurred
productioncoststospecificjobs.
jobprocessing(n)~Acomputingmethodinwhichaseriesofjobs,eachconsistingofone
ormoretasksgroupedtogetherasacomputationallycoherentwhole,isprocessed
sequentially.
jobrole(n)~Thetasksandactivitiesofanindividualinacertainprofessionalposition.
jobschedule(n)~Theoptimaldatesandtimesforperformingjobsataworkcenter.
jobscheduler(n)~Asystemservicethatqueuesjobsandtasks,allocatesresources,
dispatchestaskstonodesinacomputercluster,andmonitorsthestatusofthejob,tasks,
andnodes.
JobStatusTrackingwindow(n)~Awindow,openedbyusingtheMyJobscommand,
thatenablesadministratorstomonitordetailedstatusoftheircurrentjobswhileworkingin
anyview.
jobtemplate(n)~Atemplatethatisusedtodefineandstoreinstructionsforajob.Ajob
templatecanbeusedtorunajobmorethanonce.
jobtemplate(n)~AnXMLfilethatdescribesthesequenceoftaskstobeperformedina
job.
jobtitle(n)~Ashortdescriptionofthepositionheldbyanemployee.
jobtype(n)~Aclassificationofjobsbasedonthesequenceinwhichtheyoccur,fromthe
timeajobenterstheworkcentertothetimeitleavestheworkcenter.
JobUnits(n)~TheunitofmeasuretorunBusinessAnalyticsjobsinAzure.
Jobsview(PN)~TheviewintheVirtualMachineManagerAdministratorConsolein
whichtheadministratorviewsstatus,details,andresultsofjobs.Theviewcanbefiltered
byjobstatus,owner,andstartdate.
Joejob~ane-mailspoofingexploitinwhichsomeonesendsouthugevolumesofspam
thatappeartobefromsomeoneotherthantheactualsource.AJoejobissometimes
conductedasanactofrevengeonsomeonewhoreportsaspammertotheir-ISP-or
publiclyadvocatesanti-spamlegislation.
Joejob,joe-job~Spam-emailapparentlypromotingawebsitethatactuallyhasnothing
todowithit,intendedtogettheownerofthewebsiteintrouble.
join(n)~Aconnectionbetweenmultipletableswhererecordsfromrelatedfieldsthat
matcharecombinedandshownasonerecord.Recordsthatdon’tmatchmaybeincluded
orexcluded,dependingonthetypeofjoin.
join(v)~Tocombinethecontentsoftwoormoretablesandproducearesultsetthat
incorporatesrowsandcolumnsfromeachtable.Tablesaretypicallyjoinedusingdatathat
theyhaveincommon.
join(v)~TocreateanadditionalreplicaofanexistingADAMconfigurationsetduring
setup.
join(v)~Toconnectoneormorepeopletogetherinaconversation.
Join(PN)~AUIelementtheuserclickstoconnecttoaconference.
JoinanExistingConference…(oth)~AnitemontheActionsmenuthataddstheuserto
anexistingconference.
joincolumn(n)~Acolumnreferencedinajoincondition.
joincondition(n)~Acomparisonclausethatspecifieshowtablesarerelatedbytheirjoin
columns.
JoinConferenceoption(n)~Anoptionalfunctioninintegratedaudioconferencingthat
enablesLiveMeetingtodialaparticipant’sphoneinsteadofrequiringtheparticipantto
dialin.
joinfilter(n)~Afilterusedinmergereplicationthatextendstherowfilterofonetableto
arelatedtable.
joingesture(n)~Arevisiongesturethatisusedtoremovespacefrombetweentwowords
(joinwords).
JoinLauncher(PN)~PartoftheexistingLyncWebAppIISwebcomponent.Letsusers
optionallyjoinmeetingsbyusingamobiledevice.
joinline(n)~Alinethatconnectsfieldsbetweentwotablesandshowshowthedatais
related.Thetypeofjoinindicateswhichrecordsareselectedforthequery’sresultset.
joinoperator(n)~Acomparisonoperatorinajoinconditionthatdetermineshowthetwo
sidesoftheconditionareevaluatedandwhichrowsarereturned.
joinpath(n)~Aseriesofjoinsindicatinghowtwotablesarerelated.
joinstyle(n)~Astylethatspecifieshowtheendsofconnectedlinesarejoined.
Joiningproperty(n)~Apropertyofwhichthevalueforanentryinonedirectorycanbe
expectedtomatchthevalueofagivenpropertyofthecorrespondingentryinanother
directory.
JointListView(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsaviewtobecreatedfrommultiplelistsof
storeddata.
JointPhotographicExpertsGroup(n)~Arastergraphicsfileformatfordisplaying
high-resolutioncolorgraphicsontheWorldWideWeb.JPEGgraphicsapplyauser-
specifiedcompressionschemethatcansignificantlyreducethefilesizesofphoto-realistic
colorgraphics.Ahigherlevelofcompressionresultsinlowerquality,whereasalower
levelofcompressionresultsinhigherquality.JPEG-formatfileshavea.jpgfilename
extension.
jokeprogram(n)~Aprogramdesignedtoamuseorscareauser,forexamplebyimitating
theactionsofavirus,withoutactuallyharmingthecomputer.
Joomla!~afree,opensourcecontentmanagementsystemwrittenwithPHPfor
publishingcontentontheworldwidewebandintranetsusingaMySQLdatabase.
journal(n)~ForMessageQueuing,aqueuewherejournalmessagesarestored.
journal(n)~Achronologicallistoftransactions,intheformofdebitsandcredits,fora
particularaccountorgroupofaccounts,suchassalesorcashdisbursements.
Journal(n)~TheTabletPCaccessorythatyouusetocreatenotesinyourown
handwriting.
journal(n)~Apersonalrecordofexperiences,occurrancesorproceedings,likeaBaby
BookorLifeBook.
journal(n)~Aregisteroforiginalaccountingentries.
journal(n)~AfeaturethattrackschangestoNTFSvolumes,includingadditions,
deletions,andmodifications.Thechangejournalexistsonthevolumeasasparsefile.
journalentry(n)~Anentrytoacompanyaccounttorecordabusinesstransaction.
journalentry(n)~AnitemintheJournalfolderthatactsasashortcuttoanactivitythat
hasbeenrecorded.
journalentry(n)~Arecordofthefinancialconsequenceanaccountingevent.
journalentryadjustment(n)~Anend-of-periodjournalentrythatnotestheaccrued
expenses,accruedrevenue,prepaidexpenses,andunearnedrevenuethatareassociated
withanaccountfortheperiodpriortothereportingperiod.
journalline(n)~Anentryinajournal.
journalquota(n)~ForMessageQueuing,apropertythatspecifiesthecumulativelimit
forjournalmessagesinajournalqueue.Thelimitisbasedoncumulativejournalmessage
size.Whenajournalqueue`squotaisreached,messagesarenolongerstored.
journalreport(n)~Themessagethatisgeneratedwhenamessagematchesajournal
rule.Thebodyofthejournalreportcontainsinformationfromtheoriginalmessagesuch
asthesendere-mailaddress,messagesubject,message-ID,andrecipiente-mailaddresses.
Thejournalreportalsoincludestheoriginalunalteredmessageasanattachment.
journalrule(n)~AnExchangerulethatisusedtorecordthee-mailmessagessenttoor
fromspecificrecipients.
journaling(n)~Theabilitytorecordallcommunications,includinge-mail
communications,inanorganizationforuseintheorganization’se-mailretentionor
archivalstrategy.
journalingagent(n)~Acompliance-focusedagentthatisconfiguredtojournale-mail
messagesthataresentorreceivedbydepartmentsorindividualsinanExchangeServer
2007organization,toandfromrecipientsoutsidetheorganization,orbothforuseinthe
organization’se-mailretentionorarchivalstrategy.
journalingmailbox(n)~Amailboxusedonlyforcollectingjournalreportsinan
ExchangeServerorganization.
journalize(v)~Torecordthefinancialconsequencesofaccountingeventsinthe
subledgerjournal.
joypad(n)~Anaction-controldeviceusedwitharcade-typegamesplayedonPCsand
gameconsolessuchastheNintendo64andSonyPlayStation.Agamepad,unlikea
joystick,ismeanttobeheldintheplayer’shands.
joystick(n)~Apointingdeviceusedmainlybutnotexclusivelyforcomputergames.A
joystickhasabase,onwhichcontrolbuttonscanbemounted,andaverticalstem,which
theusercanmoveinanydirectiontocontrolthemovementofanobjectonthescreen.
JPEG(n)~Arastergraphicsfileformatfordisplayinghigh-resolutioncolorgraphicson
theWorldWideWeb.JPEGgraphicsapplyauser-specifiedcompressionschemethatcan
significantlyreducethefilesizesofphoto-realisticcolorgraphics.Ahigherlevelof
compressionresultsinlowerquality,whereasalowerlevelofcompressionresultsin
higherquality.JPEG-formatfileshavea.jpgfilenameextension.
JPEGRotate(PN)~AnExpressionMediafeaturethatenablestheusertoperform
losslessJPEGimagerotationsof90,-90and180degrees.
JPEGrotation(n)~AmethodofchangingtheorientationofaJPEGimagebyrotatingit
byvaryingdegrees.Rotationcanbeeitherlossyorlossless,dependinguponyourchoice
ofrotation.
JPEG,jpg~(JointPicture[Experts]Group;pr.‘jay-peg’)Astandardtypeofcompressed
graphicsfile,widelyusedontheWWW.Particularlygoodforphotographs.See
also-compression.
JPop(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#146.
jQuery~alibrarythatmakesitquickerandeasiertobuildJavaScriptwebpagesandweb
apps.OftenwithjQueryyoucanwriteasinglelineofcodetoachievewhatwouldhave
taken10-20linesofregularJavaScriptcode.-jQuery
jQueryCountdown~AjQuerypluginthatsetsadivorspantoshowacountdowntoa
giventime.
JSON(PN)~Atext-based,datainterchangeformatthatisusedtotransmitstructureddata,
typicallyinAjaxWebapplications.
JSP(n)~AtechnologycreatedbySunMicrosystemstoenabledevelopmentof
platformindependentWeb-basedapplications.UsingHTMLandXMLtagsandJava
scriptlets,JSPhelpsWebsitedeveloperscreatecross-platformprograms.JSPscriptlets
runontheserver,notinaWebbrowser,andgeneratedynamiccontentonWebpages,with
theabilitytointegratecontentfromavarietyofdatasources,suchasdatabases,files,and
JavaBeancomponents.Websitedeveloperscanconcentrateondesignanddisplayofa
Websitewithouttheneedforapplicationdevelopmentexpertise.
j-tube(n)~Afeedingtubeinsertedsurgicallythroughtheabdomenandintothejejunum
(asectionofthesmallintestine).
jumboframes~JumboframesarelargeIPframesusedinhigh-performancenetworksto
increaseperformanceoverlongdistances.
JumpList(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsthatprovideright-clickaccessfromtaskbar
programbuttonstothedocuments,pictures,songs,orwebsitesauserfrequentlyaccesses.
jumplist(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsthatprovideright-clickaccessfromtaskbar
programbuttonstothedocuments,pictures,songs,orwebsitesauserfrequentlyaccesses.
jumpmenu(n)~Amenuthatisstructuredasadrop-downlistofoptions.Whenanoption
isselected,theuserisredirectedtotheassociatedpageinthedrop-downmenu.
jumpstatement(n)~Astatementthateithertransferscontrolimmediatelytoanother
locationinthefunctionorreturnscontrolfromthefunction.InC++,thejumpstatements
arebreak,continue,return,andgoto.
jumptable(n)~Atableofidentifiersandaddressesforacertainclassofroutinessuchas
interrupthandlers(routinescarriedoutinresponsetocertainsignalsorconditions).
jumper(n)~Asmallplugorwirethatcanbeconnectedbetweendifferentpointsinan
electroniccircuitinordertoalteranaspectofahardwareconfiguration.
Junction(n)~InProcessEngineering,theshapeusedtoconnectpipelineswhenone
pipelineissplitbyanotherpipeline.ThedefaultjunctionshapeisJunction.However,you
canspecifyanyshapeonthedocumentstencilasajunction.
junction(n)~Arunbookactivitythatsynchronizesmultiplebranchesofarunbook.
junctionpoint(n)~Aphysicallocationonaharddiskthatpointstodatalocatedat
anotherlocationonyourharddiskoranotherstoragedevice.Junctionpointsarecreated
whenyoucreateamounteddrive.Youcanalsocreateajunctionpointusingthelinked
command.
junctiontable(n)~Atablethatestablishesarelationshipbetweenothertables.
Jungle(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#63.
JuniorDetective(n)~SkilllevelinthePurblePlacegame.OnceaPurblePlacegameis
completed,aplayergetsaskilllevelrankassignedautomaticallybythegame(basedon
numberofguessesandhintsduringthegame).
junk(n)~E-mailthatacustomerdoesnotwantdeliveredtotheirinbox,includingspam
andphishingmessages(identifiedbythemailservice)andmessagesfromblockedsenders
anddomains.
junke-mail(n)~Anunsolicitedandtypicallyunwelcomemessage,oftencommercialor
politicalinnature,transmittedviatheInternetasamassmailing(sometimesasiffroma
fictitioususerordomain)toalargenumberofrecipients.
junke-mail(n)~E-mailthatacustomerdoesnotwantdeliveredtotheirinbox,including
spamandphishingmessages(identifiedbythemailservice)andmessagesfromblocked
sendersanddomains.
junke-mailfilter(n)~Ane-mailfilterthatenablestheusertosetthestrictnesslevelthat
keepsjunke-mailfrombeingdeliveredtotheirInbox.
JunkE-Mailfolder(n)~Pagewhereuserscanstoreunsolicitedadvertisementsande-
mailmessages.
junke-mailfolder(n)~Thefolderwherejunke-mailisdelivered.
junke-mailprotection(n)~Afeaturethatprovidesoptionsforautomaticallyidentifying
andfilteringoutjunke-mailmessages.
JunkE-mailReportingTool(PN)~Theplug-inforMicrosoftOfficeOutlookthatalerts
ausertoincomingjunke-mailandletstheuserdeletethemailandreportittoMicrosoft
withasinglemouseclick.
junkmail(n)~Anunsolicitedandtypicallyunwelcomemessage,oftencommercialor
politicalinnature,transmittedviatheInternetasamassmailing(sometimesasiffroma
fictitioususerordomain)toalargenumberofrecipients.
JunkMail~Unsolicitedemail.
JunkMailfolder(n)~Pagewhereuserscanstoreunsolicitedadvertisementsande-mail
messages.
Jupyter(PN)~Thespin-offprojectfromIPythonofthelanguage-agnosticprojectsthat
beganaspartofIPython.
Justme(PN)~TheUIlabelforapermissionssettingthatindicatesanitemisbeing
sharedwith(madeavailableto)noone.(It’sprivate.)
JustMyCode(PN)~AVisualStudio.NETdebuggingfeaturethatallowstheusertostep
throughalltheuser-writtencodeinthecurrentprojectaswellasinanyreferencedproject,
andskipoverdesigner-generatedcode.Also,JustMyCodeaffectsbreakpointsaswellas
stepping.
justification(n)~Theprocessofaligningtextalongboththeleftandrightmargins.
justify(v)~Toadjusthorizontalspacingsothattextisalignedevenlyalongboththeleft
andrightmargins.Justifyingtextcreatesasmoothedgeonbothsides.
just-in-time(adj)~Pertainingtosomethingthathappenswhenitbecomesnecessary.
just-in-timecompilation(n)~ThecompilationthatconvertsMicrosoftintermediate
language(MSIL)intomachinecodeatthepointwhenthecodeisrequiredatruntime.
just-in-timecompiler(n)~AcompilertakestheJavabytecode(whichismachine-
independent)andcompilesitondemandintonativecodeforthetargetmachine,giving
fasterexecution.SinceJITcompilersoperateontheclientmachine,theypreservethe
platform-independenceofthecompiledJavaprogram.
just-in-timedebugging(n)~Atechniquethatcatchesfaultsthatoccurwhiletheprogram
isrunningoutsidethedevelopmentenvironment.Youmustsetthisoptioninthe
developmentenvironmentbeforeexecutingyourprogram.
JVM(n)~TheenvironmentinwhichJavaprogramsrun.
Jython~animplementationofPYTHONbasedonJAVA.See-www.jython.org.
K~
Ka-Band~thebandwidthofelectromagneticwavebetween33GHzto36GHz,whichis
primarilyusedinsatellitesoperatingat30GHzuplinkand20GHzdownlinkformobile
voicecommunications.
Kagichart(n)~Achart,mostlyindependentoftime,usedtotrackpricemovementsand
tomakedecisionsonpurchasingstock.
KamervanKoophandel(n)~TheDutchchamberofcommerce.Allbusinessesinthe
Netherlandsarerequiredtosubmitannualfinancialstatementstothechamberof
commerce.
kanban(n)~Asignalthatcommunicatesarequirementforaquantityofproduct.
kanbancard(n)~Aprinteddocumentthatrepresentsakanbanontheshopfloor,ona
physicalkanbanboardorHeijunkaboard,inashipment,orininventory.
kanbanflow(n)~Definesthesequenceofactivitiesthatareperformedforkanbansthat
arecreatedforakanbanrule.
kanbanjob(n)~Aprocessortransferactivityinaproductionflowthatistriggeredbya
kanban.
kanbanjobconsumption(n)~Thewithdrawalofproductcomponentsfrominventoryin
ordertocompletethekanbanproductionjobs.
kanbanproductquantity(n)~Thenumberofitemrequirementsthatarecarriedona
kanbanbasedonakanbanrule.
kanbanquantity(n)~Thenumericparameterinakanbanrulethatcontrolsthenumber
ofkanbanstocreatewhentherulesproductrequirementconditionismetandtheruleis
evaluated.
kanbanrule(n)~Aruleinaleanmanufacturingsystemthatrealizesmaterialplanning
andreplenishmentpoliciesbycontrollinghowprocessandtransferactivitiesare
coordinatedinproductionflows.
Kanban-board(n)~Oneofthetoolswhichcanbeusedtoimplementthekanbanmethod
foraProjectthatisperceivedasavariationontraditionalkanbancardswhere,insteadof
thesignalcardsthatrepresentdemandorcapacity,theboardutilizesmagnets,plastic
chips,coloredwashersorstickynotestorepresentiteminaproductionprocess.
kashidas(n)~ThespecialcharactersusedtoextendthejoinerbetweentwoArabic
characters.Usedtoimprovetheappearanceofjustifiedtextbyvisuallylengtheningwords
ratherthanincreasingthespacingbetweenwords.Canalsofunctionlikeahyphen.
KB(n)~Adataunitof1024bytes.
KB(n)~AMicrosoftWebsitethatprovidescustomerswithaccesstoadatabaseof
articleswrittenbyMicrosoftSupportprofessionals.
KB(n)~Asearchablecollectionofarticlesandfactsaboutaparticularsubjectarea.
KBarticle(n)~AtechnicaldocumentintheMicrosoftKnowledgeBaseaccessible
throughMicrosoft.com.
KBManager(n)~AfeatureinMicrosoftDynamicsCRMthatprovidesaprocessfor
drafting,submitting,reviewing,andpublishingknowledgebasearticles.
Kbps(n)~Datatransferspeed,asthroughamodemoronanetwork,measuredin
multiplesof1,024bitspersecond.
KBps(n)~Datatransferspeed,asonanetwork,measuredinmultiplesof1,024bytesper
second.
Kbps~(KiloBitsPerSecond)-Ameasureofspeedofinformationflow,usuallyovera
modem.AKilobitisathousand-bits.Seealso-bps,Mbps.
KD(n)~Adebuggingapplicationthatrefinesanddebugsanoperatingsystemimage.The
kerneldebuggerworkslikeanapplicationdebuggerexceptthatitiscapableofdebugging
operatingsystemsinadditiontoapplications.
KDC(PN)~Anetworkservicethatsuppliessessionticketsandtemporarysessionkeysto
usersandcomputerswithinanActiveDirectorydomain.TheKDCrunsoneachdomain
controlleraspartofActiveDirectoryDomainServices(ADDS).
KDCproxyservice(n)~Aservicethatrunsoncorporatenetworkedgeserverstoproxy
Kerberosprotocolmessagestodomaincontrollerswhicharesituatedonthecorporate
network.ThispermitsKerberosauthenticationtoedgeservicessuchasRemoteDesktop
ServicesGatewayorDirectAccessServer.
KDF(n)~Acryptographicfunctionthatgenerateskeymaterialfromasecretvalue.
Keepyourlifeinsync(PN)~Thetitleofthescreenpromptingtheusertosignintohis
existingMicrosoftaccountortocreateaMicrosoftaccount.ByusingtheMicrosoft
account,WindowsPhonewillkeeptheuser’simportantinformationandbelongings
synchronizedinoneplace,helpingkeeptheuser’slifeorganizedandharmonious.
keep-aliveconnection(n)~AnHTTPconnectionthatisnotclosedafteranexchangeis
completed.
keiretsu~acollectionofcompaniesthatbandtogetherformutualbenefit.ThisJapanese
wordcameintopopularuseasventurecapitalistsbeganbuildingstartupkeiretsu,
companiesthatbenefitfromeachother’ssuccess.
Kerberos(n)~Anauthenticationprotocolthatprovidesamechanismformutual
authenticationbetweenaclientandaserver,orbetweenoneserverandanother,beforea
networkconnectionisopenedbetweenthem.
Kerberos~derivedfromGreekmythologywhichreferstothethree-headeddogthat
guardedthegatesofHades.Kerberosismostwidelyusedinanetworktoprovidesecure
networkauthentication.Usuallytoauthenticateusersofthenetwork.
Kerberosauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationprotocolthatprovidesamechanismfor
mutualauthenticationbetweenaclientandaserver,orbetweenoneserverandanother,
beforeanetworkconnectionisopenedbetweenthem.
Kerberosconstraineddelegation(n)~Aformofauthenticationdelegationinwhich
Kerberoscanbeusedtoimpersonateusersthatsendrequestsforcertainservices,as
opposedtoallservices.
KerberosV5authenticationprotocol(n)~Anauthenticationmechanismusedtoverify
userorhostidentity.TheKerberosV5authenticationprotocolisthedefaultauthentication
service.InternetProtocolsecurity(IPsec)canusetheKerberosprotocolforauthentication.
kermit~Aterminalprogramandfiletransferprotocol,kermitcanbeusedtodownload
filesfromaremotesystemtoyourhomecomputer.
kermit~Aprotocolusedfortransferringfilesoveradial-upconnectionthatiscommonly
usedonBBSsystems.
kernel(n)~Thecoreoflayeredarchitecturethatmanagesthemostbasicoperationsofthe
operatingsystemandthecomputer’sprocessor.Thekernelschedulesdifferentblocksof
executingcode,calledthreads,fortheprocessortokeepitasbusyaspossibleand
coordinatesmultipleprocessorstooptimizeperformance.Thekernelalsosynchronizes
activitiesamongExecutive-levelsubcomponents,suchasI/OManagerandProcess
Manager,andhandleshardwareexceptionsandotherhardware-dependentfunctions.The
kernelworkscloselywiththehardwareabstractionlayer.
kernel(n)~InC++AcceleratedMassiveParallelism(C++AMP),aunitofcomputation
onadata-parallelcomputenode.
kernel~Theheartofanoperatingsystem.Thekernelisthepartoftheoperatingsystem
thatinterconnectswiththehardware.
kerneldebugger(n)~Adebuggingapplicationthatrefinesanddebugsanoperating
systemimage.Thekerneldebuggerworkslikeanapplicationdebuggerexceptthatitis
capableofdebuggingoperatingsystemsinadditiontoapplications.
kernelfunction(n)~AprogramdesignedtobeexecutedonanacceleratorinaC++
AcceleratedMassiveParallelism(C++AMP)application.
kernelmode(n)~Ahighlyprivilegedmodeofoperationwhereprogramcodehasdirect
accesstoallmemory,includingtheaddressspacesofalluser-modeprocessesand
applications,andtohardware.
kerneltime(n)~Theapproximatetimespentexecutinginkernelmodeduringthe
executionofausermodeapplication.IncludestimespentindiskI/Oandwaitingfor
synchronizationevents.
kernel-modedriver(n)~Adriverforalogical,virtual,orphysicaldevice.
Kernel-ModeDriverFramework(PN)~Alibrarythatyoucanusetodevelopkernel-
modedevicedriversthatsupporttheMicrosoftWindowsDriverModel(WDM).
kerning(n)~Theadjustmentofthespacingbetweentwocharacterstocreatethe
appearanceofevenspacing,fittexttoagivenspace,andadjustlinebreaks.
key(n)~Indatabasemanagement,anidentifierforarecordorgroupofrecordsina
datafile.
key(n)~Inencryption,authentication,anddigitalsignatures,avalueusedincombination
withanalgorithmtoencryptordecryptinformation.
key(n)~Onakeyboard,thecombinationofaplastickeycap,atensionmechanismthat
suspendsthekeycapbutallowsittobepresseddown,andanelectronicmechanismthat
recordsthekeypressandkeyrelease.
key(n)~ApieceofdatathatisrequiredtounlockapackagedWindowsMediafile.This
keyisincludedinaseparatelicense.
key(n)~InRegistryEditor,afolderthatappearsintheleftpaneoftheRegistryEditor
window.Akeycancontainsubkeysandentries.Forexample,Environmentisakeyof
<b>HKEY_CURRENT_USER</b>.
key(n)~InIPsecurity(IPSec),avalueusedincombinationwithanalgorithmtoencrypt
ordecryptdata.KeysettingsforIPSecareconfigurabletoprovidegreatersecurity.
key(n)~Analpha,numeric,oralphanumericvaluewhichuniquelyidentifieselements
thatarecreatedandreferencedasresources,andwhichexistwithinaResourceDictionary.
key(n)~Acolumnorgroupofcolumnsthatuniquelyidentifiesarow(primarykey),
definestherelationshipbetweentwotables(foreignkey),orisusedtobuildanindex.
key(n)~Inanarray,thefieldbywhichstoreddataisorganizedandaccessed.
key(n)~Theattributeofanentitytypethatspecifieswhichpropertyorsetofpropertiesis
usedtoidentifyuniqueinstancesoftheentitytype.
key~Incryptography,akeyisavaluethatdeterminestheoutputofanencryption
algorithmwhentransformingplaintexttoencryptedtext.
keyaction(n)~Termusedtodescribeprogrambehaviorwhenacertainkeyispressedon
thekeyboard.Keyactionsareassociatedwithitemswithinasourcedocument.
keyattribute(n)~Theattributeofadimensionthatlinksthenon-keyattributesinthe
dimensiontorelatedmeasures.
keycertificationauthority(n)~Atrustedentitythattypicallykeepsasecuredatabaseof
compoundmessagessignedwiththeKCA’sprivatekey.Inpracticalimplementations,the
compoundmessagesconsistoftheuser’sname,theuser’spublickey,andanyother
importantinformationabouttheuser.Whenthereceivingapplicationgetsasigned
messagefromauser,theapplicationcanthenverifythepublickeyreceivedwiththe
messagebycomparingittothepublickeystoredintheKCAdatabase.
keychaindrive(n)~Asmalldeviceusedtostoreinformation.USBflashdrivespluginto
computerUSBportssoyoucancopyinformationtoorfromthem,makingiteasytoshare
andtransportinformation.
keycolumn(n)~Acolumnwhosecontentsuniquelyidentifyeveryrowinatable.
keycombination(n)~Anycombinationofkeystrokesthatcanbeusedtoperformatask
thatwouldotherwiserequireamouseorotherpointingdevice.
keycombination(n)~Anycombinationofkeysthatmustbepressedsimultaneously.
keyderivationfunction(n)~Acryptographicfunctionthatgenerateskeymaterialfroma
secretvalue.
keydictation(n)~TheactionbyaTrustedIntermediaryAgentofdeterminingthekey
thatwillbeusedinanIPsecconnection.
KeyDistributionCenter(PN)~Anetworkservicethatsuppliessessionticketsand
temporarysessionkeystousersandcomputerswithinanActiveDirectorydomain.The
KDCrunsoneachdomaincontrolleraspartofActiveDirectoryDomainServices(AD
DS).
KeyDistributionCenterproxyservice(n)~Aservicethatrunsoncorporatenetwork
edgeserverstoproxyKerberosprotocolmessagestodomaincontrollerswhichare
situatedonthecorporatenetwork.ThispermitsKerberosauthenticationtoedgeservices
suchasRemoteDesktopServicesGatewayorDirectAccessServer.
keydrive(n)~Asmalldeviceusedtostoreinformation.USBflashdrivespluginto
computerUSBportssoyoucancopyinformationtoorfromthem,makingiteasytoshare
andtransportinformation.
keyencipherment(n)~Thecreationofarandomly-generatedsymmetrickeytoencrypt
filedata.
keyencryption(n)~Thecreationofarandomly-generatedsymmetrickeytoencryptfile
data.
keyexchange(n)~Confidentialexchangeofsecretkeysonline,whichiscommonlydone
withpublickeycryptography.
keyfilter(n)~AmetadatacolumnorfieldinaKeyFilterscontrol.
KeyFilters(PN)~Ametadatanavigationcontrolthatenablesuserstolimittheitems
displayedinalistorlibrarytothosethatmatchselectedvalues.
keyframe(n)~Avideoframeinwhichstartingandendingpositionsofanobjectare
given,andallframesinbetweenareinterpolatedbyacomputertoproducesmooth
automatedanimation.Mostray-tracedcomputeranimationiscreatedusingthistechnique.
keygenerator(n)~Ahardwareorsoftwarecomponentthatisusedtogenerateencryption
keymaterial.
keyID(n)~AvaluethatidentifiesthekeyforapackagedWindowsMediafile.
keyID(n)~Agloballyuniqueidentifierthatuniquelyidentifiescontentforthepurposes
oflicensing.
keyidentifier(n)~Agloballyuniqueidentifierthatuniquelyidentifiescontentforthe
purposesoflicensing.
keyindex(n)~Thelocationwhereaspecificnetworkkeyforawirelessaccesspointis
stored.
Keylock(PN)~Anoptionthatlocksthekeypadtoavoidaccidentalkeypresses.
keylogger(PN)~Atypeofmalwarethatsendskeystrokesorscreenshotstoanattacker.
Keylogging~Keyloggingsoftwarerunsinthebackground,inastealthmodethatisn’t
easytodetectonaPC.Itcollectseverykeystrokeandhidesthatinformationinafile.
KeyManagementServer(n)~TheExchangecomputeronwhichtheKeyManagement
Servicehasbeeninstalled.TherecanbeoneKeyManagementServerperadministrative
group.
KeyManagementService(n)~AnoptionalMicrosoftExchange2000Servercomponent
thatisinstalledonadesignatedserverinanadministrativegroup.Itprovidescentralized
administrationandarchivalofprivatekeys,andmaintainseveryusersprivateencryption
keyinanencrypteddatabase.Thekeysareusedforencryptinge-mailmessagesand
signingmessageswithdigitalsignatures.
KeyManagementService(PN)~AWindowsroleserviceinstalledonaKMShostto
issueandvalidatevolumesoftwarelicensestolocalcomputers,enablingindividual
computersonanetworktovalidatetheirsoftwarelicenseslocallyratherthanwith
Microsoft.
KeyMaster(PN)~ADNSserverrolethatisresponsibleforallDNSSECkey
managementforaspecificDNSSEC-signedDNSzone.DifferentDNSzonescanhave
differentKeyMasters.TheKeyMasterrolecanbemovedfromoneDNSservertoa
differentDNSserver,butaDNSzonecanhaveonlyoneKeyMasteratagiventime.To
beaKeyMaster,theDNSservermustbeauthoritativefortheDNSzone,thezonemust
besignedwithDNSSEC,andtheDNSservermustbeselectedtobetheKeyMasterfor
theDNSzone.
KeyMetrics(n)~AtabinApplicationDiagnosticsthatprovidesanat-a-glanceviewofa
selectedapplication.Thegraphdisplays1)theaverageperformancebasedonthe
MonitoredRequestscounter,and2)thenumberofrequests.Bylookingatthegraph,you
caneasilydeterminethetrafficloadandmakeinferencesaboutproblemsthatmightbe
occurring.
keyobject(n)~Atypeofobjectthatisdefinedbytheconfigurationmanagerand
representsanentryintheregistrydatabase.Eachinstanceofakeyobjecteitherrepresents
aregistrynode(partofaregistrypathtoasetofsubkeys)orcontainsvalueentries.
keypair(n)~Aprivatekeyanditsrelatedpublickey.
keyperformanceindicator(n)~Apredefinedmeasurethatisusedtotrackperformance
ofastrategicgoal,objective,plan,initiative,orbusinessprocess.AKPIisevaluated
againstatarget.Anexplicitandmeasurablevaluetakendirectlyfromadatasource.Key
performanceindicators(KPIs)areusedtomeasureperformanceinaspecificarea,for
example,revenuepercustomer.
Keypress(PN)~Anoptioninringtones&sounds’settings.Whenthisoptionisselected
keyprotector(n)~Ablob(binarylargeobject)thatisusedtorestrictaccesstoa
BitLocker-protecteddisk.
keyrangelock(n)~Alockthatisusedtolockrangesbetweenrecordsinatableto
preventphantomadditionsto,ordeletionsfrom,asetofrecords.Ensuresserializable
transactions.
keyrecovery(n)~Theprocessofrecoveringauser’sprivatekey.
KeyRecoveryAgent(n)~Adesignateduserthatworkswithacertificateadministratorto
recoverauser’sprivatekey.AspecificcertificatetemplateisappliedtoaKeyRecovery
Agent.
keyrepeatrate(n)~Therateatwhichcharactersrepeatwhenauserholdsdownakey.
keyriskindicator(n)~Aquantifiable,standardizedmeasurementoftheriskofloss
resultingfrominadequateorfailedbusinessprocesses.
keyrollover(n)~Theprocessbywhichanexistingcryptographickeyisreplacedwitha
newcryptographickeyandassociatedsignaturesareupdated.
keysearchattack(n)~Anattackbyamalicioususerormalicioussoftwareona
computeroroperatingsystemtofindasecretpasswordorasymmetricencryptionkeyby
guessingpasswordsorkeysuntilthecorrectpasswordorkeyisdiscovered.
keyseed(n)~ABase64-encoded30-bytevaluethatisusedinconjunctionwithakeyID
tocreateacontentkey.
keysequence(n)~Anycombinationofkeysthatmustbepressedsequentially.
keysigningkey(n)~Apublickeycorrespondingtoaprivatekeythatisusedtosignone
ormoreDNSrecordsetsatthezoneapex.
keyspline(n)~Agraphicalrepresentationofthechangesinapropertyvaluebetweentwo
keyframesthatanimatetheproperty.
keystorageprovider(n)~Acontainerforstoringkeymaterial.Currently,keyscanbe
storedinsoftware,smartcards,orthetrustedplatformmodule(TPM).
key-basedrenewal(n)~Amethodofrenewingacertificateusingtheexistingkey
materialasthesoleformofauthentication.
keyboard(n)~Aninputdeviceconsistingofasetofindividualkeyssimilartothoseona
typewriter.Itisusedtoconveyinformationfromausertoacomputerordata
communicationscircuit.
keyboard(n)~Aspliton-screenkeyboardthatisoptimizedforthumbtyping.
keyboard(n)~Acontiguouson-screenkeyboard.
KeyboardAccessSystem(n)~Asetofacceleratorkeyswithassociatedicons.
keyboardhandler(n)~Codethatdeterminesandrespondstokeysorkeycombinations
pressedbytheuser.
keyboardlanguage(n)~Thelanguageyouwanttousewhenyoutype.Someprograms
thataredesignedfortheWindowsplatformrecognizethissetting.Whenyouaddanew
keyboardlanguage,akeyboardlayoutforthatlanguageisalsoadded.
keyboardlayout(n)~Thekeyarrangementusedforaparticularkeyboard,includingsuch
factorsasthenumberofkeys(101isthecurrentstandard)andtheconfigurationofthe
keys(QWERTYistheUnitedStatesstandard).Someproprietarysystemsusedifferent
layouts,andmanyallowyoutomapthekeystocharactersaccordingtoyourpreferences.
keyboardmapping(n)~Asetofkeystrokecombinationsthatyoucanusewhileworking
intheintegrateddevelopmentenvironment.Youcanchoosefromseveralpredefined
schemesordefineyourown.
keyboardmappingscheme(n)~Asetofkeystrokecombinationsthatyoucanusewhile
workingintheintegrateddevelopmentenvironment.Youcanchoosefromseveral
predefinedschemesordefineyourown.
keyboardshortcut(n)~Anycombinationofkeystrokesthatcanbeusedtoperforma
taskthatwouldotherwiserequireamouseorotherpointingdevice.
KeyboardWedge~ahardwaredeviceinstalledbetweenacomputer’skeyboard
and-POS-terminalthattranslatesdigitalsignalsfromabarcodereaderormagneticstrip
reader-intokeyboardstrokes
keyframe(n)~Avideoframeinwhichstartingandendingpositionsofanobjectare
given,andallframesinbetweenareinterpolatedbyacomputertoproducesmooth
automatedanimation.Mostray-tracedcomputeranimationiscreatedusingthistechnique.
keyframe(n)~Amarkeronthetimelinethatindicateswhenapropertychangeoccurs.
keyframe(n)~Describinganimationinwhichstartingandendingpositionsofanobject
aregiven,andallframesinbetweenareinterpolatedbyacomputertoproducesmooth
automatedanimation.Mostray-tracedcomputeranimationiscreatedusingthistechnique.
keyholenavigator(n)~AuserinterfaceelementinDeepZoomComposerthatprovidesa
meanstoseeabroaderviewofacompositionsothatausercanquicklymovetoanother
areaofthecomposition.
keylogger(n)~Atypeoftrojanthatrecordsuseractivity,suchaskeystrokes.This
informationcanbesenttoanattackerusinge-mailorothermethods.
keypad(n)~Acalculator-styleblockofkeys,usuallyattherightsideofakeyboard,that
canbeusedtoenternumbers.
keypad(n)~Theon-screenrepresentationofthephonekeypadordialpadonthedevice.
keyset-drivencursor(n)~Acursorthatshowstheeffectsofupdatesmadetoitsmember
rowsbyotheruserswhilethecursorisopen,butdoesnotshowtheeffectsofinsertsor
deletes.
key-signingkey(n)~Apublickeycorrespondingtoaprivatekeythatisusedtosignone
ormoreDNSrecordsetsatthezoneapex.
keystroke(n)~Theactofpressingakeyonakeyboardtoenteracharacterorinitiatea
commandinaprogram.Theefficiencyandeaseofuseofcertainapplicationsisoften
measuredintermsofhowmanykeystrokesittakestoperformcommonoperations.
keytime(n)~ThetimeatwhichakeyframeislocatedonExpressionBlend’stimeline.
KeyTip(PN)~Akeyboardshortcutthatisdisplayedovertheoptiontowhichit
correspondsintheuserinterfaceandtellstheuserwhichkey(s)canbeusedtoaccessor
activatethatfeatureorcommand.
key-valuepair(n)~Asetofdataitemsthatcontainsauniqueidentifier,calledakey,and
avaluethatistheactualdataforthekey.
keyword(n)~Anyofthesetofwordsthatcomprisesagivenprogramminglanguageor
setofoperating-systemroutines.
keyword(n)~Acharacteristicword,phrase,orcodethatisusedtoconductsortingor
searchingoperations.
keyword(n)~InVisualSourceSafe,aversionmarkerthatyoucanplaceinatextfilefor
lateruseinkeywordexpansion.
keywordfilter(n)~Afilterthatsearchesforspecifiedwordsorterms,anddisplaysthe
analysisofthepoststhatcontainthesewords.
keywordquerysyntax(n)~Aquerysyntaxforenterprisesearchthatsupportsfree-text
expressions,propertyrestrictions,andspecifiedoperators.
kickplate(n)~AprotectivemetalstripthatsurroundsthebottomoftheSurfaceunit
frame.Onfinishedunits,usersmustremovetheendpanelandkickplatestoaccessthe
I/Oconnections.
kid-friendlywebsite(n)~Awebsitewhosecontentisunderstandableandusablebykids
andthatisappropriateforthem.Thelanguageistypicallyaimedatagrade-schoolreading
level,andtheconceptspresentedareaccessibletoyoungerminds.
Kids&family(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesparentingorentertainsandeducates
children.
kids+family(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesparentingorentertainsandeducates
children.
Kid’sCorner(PN)~Anappthathelpsparentsprovidetheirchildrenwithcontrolled
accesstotheirphones.InKid’sCorner,kidscanonlyusetheapps,games,andother
contentthatparentsselect.
killbit(n)~AregistryvaluethatcontainstheCLSIDofallcontrolsthatarevunerableto
securityflaws.
Killerapp~(Killerapplication)-Aprogramthatissoobviouslymassivelyusefulto
someonethattheywillrushoutandbuyitimmediately,andacomputertoruniton.
killerapp(application)~acomputerprogramthatissousefulordesirablethatitproves
thevalueofsomeunderlyingtechnology,suchasagamingconsole,operatingsystem,or
pieceofcomputerhardwareordeployinganentirenetwork.Killerapplicationsarevery
rare.
kilobit(n)~Adataunitequalto1024bits.
kilobitspersecond(n)~Datatransferspeed,asthroughamodemoronanetwork,
measuredinmultiplesof1,024bitspersecond.
kilobyte(n)~Adataunitof1024bytes.
Kilobyte~Unitofmeasurementforpiecesofinformation:actually1024Bytes
(characters),butinpracticealmostalwaysroundeddownto1000.OftenwrittenasjustK,
eg250Kis250Kilobytes(250,000bytes/characters-wellnotexactly,butcloseenough).
SeealsoMegabyte,-Gigabyte,Terabyte.
kilobytespersecond(n)~Datatransferspeed,asonanetwork,measuredinmultiplesof
1,024bytespersecond.
Kind(PN)~Apropertythatprovidesauser-friendlyname,andcanbeassociatedwitha
listofpropertiesandalayoutpattern.
Kind(n)~IntheAzureRESTAPI,thevariantofacomputingservicechosenbythe
customer,whenmultipleonesexistforthesametype.
Kindle~TheAmazonKindleisaseriesofe-bookreadersdesignedandmarketedby
Amazon.com.TheKindlenamewasdevisedbybrandingconsultantMichaelCronanwho
wasaskedbyLab126tonametheproduct.CronanandpartnerKarinHibmasuggested
Kindle,meaningtolightafire.Theyfeltthiswasanaptmetaphorforreadingand
intellectualexcitement.
Kinectsensor(n)~TheKinectdevice.
kiosk(n)~Afreestandingcomputerorterminalthatprovidesinformationtothepublic,
usuallythroughamultimediadisplay.
Kiosk~Free-standing,interactivedevicesinstalledforcustomerself-service.Besidesthe
computermonitor,akioskcanhaveakeyboardorscannerattachedforinputandaprinter
attachedforoutput.
kioskmode(n)~Adisplaymodeinwhichasinglewindowtakesoverthewholescreen,
thetoolbarandmenubararenotdisplayed,andthedesktopisinaccessible.
kit(n)~Asingleitemwithanitemnumberthatconsistsofoneormorecomponentitems
frominventoryoraproductcatalog.
kititem(n)~Asingleitemwithanitemnumberthatconsistsofoneormorecomponent
itemsfrominventoryoraproductcatalog.
kitline(n)~Anindividualitemthatisacomponentofakit.
KitchenTrainee(n)~AskilllevelintheComfyCakesgame.Onceyouhavecompleteda
ComfyCakesgame,aplayergetsaskilllevelrankassignedautomaticallybythegame
(basedonthescoreyouhitduringthegame).
Klez~pronouncedKLEHZ,anInternetwormthatlaunchesautomaticallywhenauser
previewsorreadsane-mailmessagecontainingKlezonasystemthathasnotbeen
patchedforavulnerabilityinMicrosoftInternetExplorermailclients.Itisnotnecessary
forausertoexplicitlyopenanattachmentinorderforKleztoexecute.Therehavebeen
morethanahalf-dozenvariationsofKlezsinceitwasfirstreportedinOctoberof2001.
KMDF(PN)~Alibrarythatyoucanusetodevelopkernel-modedevicedriversthat
supporttheMicrosoftWindowsDriverModel(WDM).
KMS(PN)~TheExchangecomputeronwhichtheKeyManagementServicehasbeen
installed.TherecanbeoneKeyManagementServerperadministrativegroup.
KMS(PN)~AWindowsroleserviceinstalledonaKMShosttoissueandvalidate
volumesoftwarelicensestolocalcomputers,enablingindividualcomputersonanetwork
tovalidatetheirsoftwarelicenseslocallyratherthanwithMicrosoft.
knockknock’(n)~Thepassword’thatausercansaytogetthroughwhentheyarein
someone’sinnercircleandthatpersonhassetquiethourson.’
knockout(n)~Theprocessofeliminatingbackgroundcolorbehindanobjectinthe
foreground.
KnowYourClient(PN)~AnacronymforKnowyourclient.’Thisisasectioninthe
Partyform.‘
knowledge(n)~Themetadataaboutallthechangesthataparticipanthasseenand
maintains.
knowledge(n)~Informationthatcanhelpanend-useroranalystsolveaproblem.
knowledgearticle(n)~Adocumentthatdocumentsuniquecharacteristicsforacase.
KnowledgeBase(n)~AMicrosoftWebsitethatprovidescustomerswithaccesstoa
databaseofarticleswrittenbyMicrosoftSupportprofessionals.
knowledgebase(n)~Asearchablecollectionofarticlesandfactsaboutaparticular
subjectarea.
KnowledgeBase(PN)~AfeatureinMicrosoftDynamicsCRMthatprovidesaprocess
fordrafting,submitting,reviewing,andpublishingknowledgebasearticles.
KnowledgeBaseManager(n)~AfeatureinMicrosoftDynamicsCRMthatprovidesa
processfordrafting,submitting,reviewing,andpublishingknowledgebasearticles.
knowledgebasetemplate(n)~Atemplatethatallowstheusertocreateuserstostructure
andmanageproductknowledgeentries.
KnowledgeConsistencyChecker(n)~Abuilt-inprocessthatrunsonalldomain
controllersandgeneratesthereplicationtopologyfortheActiveDirectoryforest.At
specifiedintervals,theKCCreviewsandmakesmodificationstothereplicationtopology
toensurepropagationofdataeitherdirectlyortransitively.
knowledgeentry(n)~Anentryintheproductknowledgebaseestablishedbytheuser.In
general,anentrycontainsinformationoncause,resolutionaswellasasummary.
knowledgemanagement(n)~Asystemformanagingsharedcorporateknowledge.
knowledgeworker(n)~Anindividualwhosejobcentersonusingacomputertocollect,
process,andapplyinformation,especiallywhenmeaningfulvalueisaddedtopurely
factualinformation.Aknowledgeworkerissomeonewithbothformaleducationandthe
abilitytoapplythateducationknowledgeinaworksituation.
Koreanwon(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofKorea.
KPI(n)~Apredefinedmeasurethatisusedtotrackperformanceofastrategicgoal,
objective,plan,initiative,orbusinessprocess.AKPIisevaluatedagainstatarget.An
explicitandmeasurablevaluetakendirectlyfromadatasource.Keyperformance
indicators(KPIs)areusedtomeasureperformanceinaspecificarea,forexample,revenue
percustomer.
KPIdetailsreport(PN)~AreporttypethatshowsinformationaboutaKPIthatis
selectedinascorecard.
KRA(n)~Adesignateduserthatworkswithacertificateadministratortorecoverauser’s
privatekey.AspecificcertificatetemplateisappliedtoaKeyRecoveryAgent.
KRI(oth)~Aquantifiable,standardizedmeasurementoftheriskoflossresultingfrom
inadequateorfailedbusinessprocesses.
KSK(n)~Apublickeycorrespondingtoaprivatekeythatisusedtosignoneormore
DNSrecordsetsatthezoneapex.
KSP(n)~Acontainerforstoringkeymaterial.Currently,keyscanbestoredinsoftware,
smartcards,orthetrustedplatformmodule(TPM).
Ku-Band~thebandwidthofelectromagneticwavebetween12GHzto14GHz,whichis
primarilyusedinsatellitesoperatingat14GHzuplinkand11GHzdownlinkin
supportingbraodbandTVand-DBS-system(DSS).
KvK(oth)~TheDutchchamberofcommerce.AllbusinessesintheNetherlandsare
requiredtosubmitannualfinancialstatementstothechamberofcommerce.
KYC(PN)~AnacronymforKnowyourclient.’ThisisasectioninthePartyform.‘
KYMC(n)~Acolormodelthatdescribescolorinformationintermsoftheblack(K),
yellow(Y),Magenta(M)andCyan(C)intensitiesthatmakeupthecolor.
KYMCquad(n)~Aquadthatidentifiesacolorfromitsblack,yellow,magentaandcyan
components.
L~
L2CAP(n)~Aprotocolusedinpersonalwirelessnetworkapplicationsthatprovides
connection-orientedandconnectionlessdataservicestoupperlayerprotocolswith
protocolmultiplexingcapability,segmentationandreassemblyoperation,andgroup
abstractions.
L2TP(n)~Anindustry-standardInternettunnelingprotocolthatprovidesencapsulation
forsendingPoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)framesacrosspacket-orientedmedia.ForIP
networks,L2TPtrafficissentasUserDatagramProtocol(UDP)messages.InMicrosoft
operatingsystems,L2TPisusedinconjunctionwithInternetProtocolsecurity(IPSec)as
avirtualprivatenetwork(VPN)technologytoprovideremoteaccessorrouter-to-router
VPNconnections.L2TPisdescribedinRFC2661.
lab(n)~Acollectionofnon-productionmachinesthatareusedtotestanInternetExplorer
Package.Thelabisnotthesameasapilotgroup.
LabadministrationserviceforVisualStudioLabManagement2010(n)~Theservice
ofmanagingthevirtuallaboratoryenvironment,whichisdesignedforusinginVisual
StudioLabManagement2010.
labagent(n)~Abackgroundprocessthatrunsonavirtualmachinetoconfigure,monitor,
andreportonstatusanderrors.Thelabagentcommunicateswiththelabservicerunning
ontheTeamFoundationServerapplicationtier.
labenvironment(n)~Anenvironment,consistingofvirtualmachines,thatismanagedby
alabservice.
LabframeworkserviceforVisualStudioLabManagement2010(n)~Theserviceof
managingthevirtuallaboratoryplatform,whichisdesignedforusinginVisualStudioLab
Management2010.
LabManagement(n)~AproductwithintheVisualStudioTeamSystemsuitethat
enablesyoutomanagevirtualenvironmentsforusewithinteamprojects.The
environmentscanbeusedforapplicationdevelopment,deployment,andtesting.
LabManagementserviceforVisualStudioLabManagement2010(n)~Theserviceof
LabManagementdesignedforusinginVisualStudioLabManagement2010.
labservice(n)~ATeamFoundationServerWebserviceusedtomanagevirtual
environments.
labtest(n)~Aprocedurethatisintendedtodetectandquantifysubstancesoridentifythe
natureofadisease.
LabtestintegrationserviceforVisualStudioLabManagement2010(n)~Theservice
ofintegratingthelaboratorytestsforVisualStudioLabManagement2010.
LabworkflowintegrationserviceforVisualStudioLabManagement2010(n)~The
serviceofintegratingthelaboratoryworkflowstagesinVisualStudioLabManagement
2010.
LabWorkflowParameters(n)~Theparametersofaworkflowbeingperformedinthe
lab.
LabWorkflowParameterswizard(n)~Awizardwhichenablesyoutodefinethe
parametersofaworkflowinthelab.
label(v)~Toattachalabelto.
label(n)~InDNS,eachpartofaDNSdomainnamethatrepresentsanodeinthedomain
namespacetree.Forexample,thethreelabelsexample,microsoft,andcommakeupthe
DNSdomainnameexample.microsoft.com.EachlabelusedinaDNSnamecannot
exceed63octets,255bytesincludingtheterminatingdot,forthefullyqualifieddomain
name(FQDN).
label(v)~Toidentifyordesignatewithalabel;describeorclassify.
label(n)~Astickerortagaffixedtoanitemtoprovideidentifyingordescriptive
information.
label(n)~Aword,symbol,orothergroupofcharactersusedtoidentifyafile,astorage
medium,anelementdefinedinacomputerprogram,oraspecificiteminadocumentsuch
asaspreadsheetorachart.
label(n)~Agraphicalcontrolyoucanusetodisplaytextthatausercan’tchangedirectly.
label(n)~User-definednameattachedtoaspecificversionofafileorproject.
labelpromotion(n)~Thepromotionofadifferentversion(usuallythelatestversion)ofa
filetobecomepartofthealreadylabeledcode.Thegoalcouldbetoperformminor
updatestothecodebaseoftheoriginalrelease.
LabeledHierarchy(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowhierarchical
relationshipsprogressingfromtoptobottomandgroupedhierarchically.Emphasizes
headingorlevel1text.ThefirstlineofLevel1textappearsintheshapeatthebeginning
ofthehierarchy,andallsubsequentlinesofLevel1textappeartotheleftofthetall
rectangles.
LabelsView(n)~NameofoneoftheLibraryViews.ThisappearsonthemainLibrary
windowtitlebar.Underthetoolbar,fromtheViewBydropdownlist,selectLabel.
laboratorytest(n)~Aprocedurethatisintendedtodetectandquantifysubstancesor
identifythenatureofadisease.
LACP(PN)~Protocolthatstandardizesthelinkaggregationprocessamongdifferent
vendors.
lag(n)~Thenumberofperiodsinatimedimensionleveltomovebackwardfromthelast
non-emptymembertoretrieveacurrentorapreviousvalue.
lagtime(n)~Adelaybetweentasksthathaveadependency.Forexample,ifyouneeda
two-daydelaybetweenthefinishofonetaskandthestartofanother,youcanestablisha
finish-to-startdependencyandspecifyatwo-daylagtime[hasapositivevalue].
lambdafunction(n)~Ablockofprogramminglanguagecodethatoperatesasafunction
butisnotnamedandcannotbecalledorreferencedexceptthroughnormalflowof
operation.Forexample,theinstructionwithinthebracesinthefollowingcodeisalambda
function:for(intx=0;x<10;x++){inty=2*x;}.
lambdaoperator(n)~TheC#=>operatorthatisusedtoseparatetheparametersandthe
bodyofalambdaexpression.
lamp(n)~ThelightsourceinaSurfaceunit.
lampaccessdoor(n)~ThemetaldoorintheI/Oconnectionsareathatyoumustremove
toaccessthelampassembly.
lampassembly(n)~Acollectionofparts,includingthelamp,thathelpilluminatethe
Surfacescreen.
LAN(n)~Anetworkofcomputers,printers,andotherdeviceslocatedwithinarelatively
limitedarea(forexample,abuilding).ALANenablesanyconnecteddevicetointeract
withanyotheronthenetwork.
LAN~(LocalAreaNetwork;pr.‘lan’)Anetworkofcomputersconnectedtogether,
usuallyinasingledepartmentorbuilding.Seealso-WAN.
LANemulation(n)~Agroupofsoftwarecomponentsthatallowsasynchronoustransfer
mode(ATM)toworkwithlegacynetworksandapplications.WithLANE,youcanrun
yourtraditionallocalareanetwork(LAN)-awareapplicationsandprotocolsonanATM
networkwithoutmodification.LANEmakestheATMprotocollayersappeartobean
EthernetorTokenRingLANtooverlyingprotocolsandapplications.LANEprovidesan
intermediatestepbetweenfullyexploitingATMandnotusingATMatall.
LANemulationclient(n)~Theclientonanemulatedlocalareanetwork(ELAN)that
performsdataforwarding,addressresolution,andothercontrolfunctions.TheLEC
residesonendstationsinanELAN.
LANemulationconfigurationserver(n)~Aserverthatassignsindividuallocalarea
networkemulation(LANE)clientstoparticularemulatedlocalareanetworks(ELANs)by
directingthemtotheLANemulationserver(LES).
landattack(n)~Adenial-of-serviceattack(DoS)inwhichtheattackeropensalegitimate
TCPsessionwithaspoofedsourceIPaddressandportnumberthatmatchtheIPaddress
andportnumberofthetargetedcomputersothatthetargetedcomputerwilltryto
establishaTCPsessionwithitself,causingsomeTCPimplementationstogointoaloop
andthecomputertofail.
landingpage(n)~Thepagethatavisitorlandsonafterclickinganadwithalinktoa
Website.
landline(n)~Atraditionalphone,whichhasawiredconnection(asopposedtoamobile
phone).
landline~Atelephonecircuitthattravelsoverland-basedcircuits
landscape(n)~Anorientationwherethelongdimensionofarectangulararea(for
example,screenorpaper)ishorizontal.
landscapeorientation(n)~Anorientationwherethelongdimensionofarectangulararea
(forexample,screenorpaper)ishorizontal.
LANGID(n)~Astandardinternationalnumericabbreviationforacountryor
geographicalregion.Alanguageidentifierisa16-bitvaluethatconsistsofaprimary
languageidentifierandasecondarylanguageidentifier.
Language(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
language(n)~Anartificiallanguagethatspecifiesinstructionstobeexecutedona
computer.Thetermcoversawidespectrum,frombinary-codedmachinelanguageto
high-levellanguages.
Language(PN)~Languageapostwaswritteninorthesystemcalculatedforthepost.
Language(PN)~TheEducationsubcategorycontainingappstohelpyoulearnor
translateanotherlanguage.
Languagebar(n)~Atoolbarthatappearsonyourdesktopautomaticallywhenyouadd
textservices,suchasinputlanguages,keyboardlayouts,handwritingrecognition,speech
recognition,orinputmethodeditors(IMEs).
Languagefornon-Unicodeprograms(n)~ARegionalandLanguageOptionssetting
thatspecifiesthedefaultcodepagesandassociatedbitmapfontfilesforaspecific
computerthataffectsallofthatcomputer’susers.Thedefaultcodepagesandfontsenable
anon-Unicodeapplicationwrittenforoneoperatingsystemlanguageversiontorun
correctlyonanotheroperatingsystemlanguageversion.
languagegroup(n)~Agroupthatcontrolswhichsystemlocale,userlocales,input
locales,anduserinterface(UI)languagescanbeselected.
LanguageID(n)~Astandardinternationalnumericabbreviationforacountryor
geographicalregion.Alanguageidentifierisa16-bitvaluethatconsistsofaprimary
languageidentifierandasecondarylanguageidentifier.
languageidentifier(n)~Astandardinternationalnumericabbreviationforacountryor
geographicalregion.Alanguageidentifierisa16-bitvaluethatconsistsofaprimary
languageidentifierandasecondarylanguageidentifier.
LanguageInterfacePack(PN)~Add-insoftwarethatprovidespartiallylocalizeduser
interfacesforparticularcomputerprogramsinlanguagesnotsupportedbylocalized
versionsofthoseprograms.
languagepack(n)~Acollectionofbinariesthatcanbeinstalledontopofthecore
productandenablesuserstoselectapreferredlanguagesothattheuserinterfaceandHelp
filesappearinthatpreferredlanguage.
languagepack(n)~AsolutionpackagethatcontainsonlyaDLLthatstoreslocalized
versionsofstringsinanothersolutionpackage.Afteralanguagepackisdeployedtoasite,
userscandisplaythecorrespondinguserinterfaceinthatlanguage.
LanguageProfileService(PN)~AWindowsservicethatautomaticallymanagesuser
languagepreferences.Localizedappscaninheritthesesettings,savingdeveloperstime
andeffortbymakingitunnecessaryforapplicationstomanageuserlanguagepreferences
ontheirown.
languageservice(n)~AserviceinVisualStudiothatprovideslanguage-specificsupport
foreditingsourcecodeintheintegrateddevelopmentenvironment(IDE).
languageserviceparser(n)~Acomponentthatisusedtodescribethefunctionsand
scopeofthetokensinsourcecode.
languageservicescanner(n)~Acomponentthatisusedtoidentifytypesoftokensin
sourcecode.Thisinformationisusedforsyntaxhighlightingandforquicklyidentifying
tokentypesthatcantriggerotheroperations,forexample,bracematching.
language-dependent(adj)~Varyingfromonelanguagetoanother.
language-integratedquery(n)~Aquerysyntaxthatdefinesasetofqueryoperatorsthat
allowtraversal,filter,andprojectionoperationstobeexpressedinadirect,declarative
wayinany.NET-basedprogramminglanguage.
language-neutral(adj)~Havingnolanguage-dependentorlanguage-specificcontent.
language-specific(adj)~Specifictoasinglelanguage.
LANlord~Thealphageekresponsibleforanoffice’sLocalAreaNetwork.
lap(n)~Anintervaloftimethatittakestocompleteacircuitinaraceorexercisecourse,
whichtheusercanrecordwithastopwatch.
laptop(n)~Aportablecomputerthatcombinesaprocessor,screen,andkeyboardina
singlecase.Thescreenfoldsdownontothekeyboardwhennotinuse.
Laptop~AportablePC,withsystemunit,screenandkeyboardcrammedintoone
package.TheycandoprettymucheverythingadesktopPCcando,butaremore
expensivebecauseoftheextraminiaturisationrequired.Alsocalleda-notebook.
laptop~AportablePC,withsystemunit,screenandkeyboardcrammedintoonesmall
package.TheycandoprettymucheverythingadesktopPCcando,butaresubstantially
moreexpensivebecauseoftheextraminiaturisationrequired.
laptopmode(n)~AmodeonaconvertibleTabletPCthatenablesyoutotype
comfortablyonthekeyboardwhileviewingthescreen.
LargeFiles(n)~Astoragereportthatlistsfilesthatareaspecifiedsizeorlarger.Usethis
reporttoquicklyidentifythefilesthatareconsumingthemostdiskspaceontheserver.
Thesecanhelpyouquicklyreclaimlargequantitiesofdiskspace.
largeorganization(n)~Anorganizationwithmorethan1000employeesandmorethan
500personalcomputers.
largetile(n)~Asquaretileof310x310pixelsontheStartscreen.
Larger(adj)~AnitemontheTextSizemenu,whichisopenedfromtheEditmenu.
Largerisoneofthetextsizechoicesfortheuser’sinstantmessages
Largest(adj)~AnitemontheTextSizemenu,whichisopenedfromtheEditmenu.
Largestisoneofthetextsizechoicesfortheuser’sinstantmessages
LaserPointer(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertosuperimposeadotovera
presentationandcontrolitspositionwiththemouse.Theappearanceofthedotissimilar
tothatofatraditionallaserpointer,anditisbroadcasttoallpresentationviewersandcan
berecordedintovideo(SavetoVideo).
Laserprinter,laserprinter~Ahighspeedprinterintendedmainlyforofficeuse,usually
betterfortextthangraphics,especiallyincolor.
Lasso(PN)~Atoolthatdefinesafree-formareathatenclosesalltheshapestobe
selected.
Lassotool(n)~Atoolthatdefinesafree-formareathatenclosesalltheshapestobe
selected.
Lastchancerentals(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforvideoitemswhoserentalcontract
betweenthedistributorandMicrosoftisnearexpiration.
LastHeartbeat(n)~Thetitleofacolumnordatafieldwhichspecifiesthedateandtime
thatthelastheartbeatwasreceivedfromthemonitoredcomputer.
lastin,firstoutinventoryvaluationmethod(n)~Aninventoryvaluationmethodin
whichinventorythatisreceivedmostrecentlyisconsideredsoldorusedfirstfor
accountingpurposes.
lastmile~Thefinallegindeliveringconnectivityinatelecommunicationsnetwork.
Oftenperceivedasthemostcriticalintermsofbothserviceprovision,costand
bandwidth.
LastModifiedDate/Time(n)~Thetimestampofthemostrecentmodificationofa
Navisionentity.ThemodifiedentriesareretrievedfromtheChangeLog.IftheLast
ModifiedDate/Timeisolderthanthelastsynchronizationtime,thenentitieswillnotbe
synchronized.IfTheLastModifiedDate/Timeismorerecent,thesynchronizationwillbe
performed.
LastName(n)~IntheAddaContactWizard,thisisoneofthefieldsbywhichyoucan
searchforacontact.
lastname(n)~Thesurname,orfamilynameofanindividual.
Lastnight(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforTVseriesepisodesthatairedthepreviousnight.
LastSequenceNumber(n)~Anumberthat’sassignedbytheProvisioningServertothe
mostrecenttransactionprocessedforaspecifiedcomputer.
LastSynchronizationTime(n)~Thetimewhenthemostrecentsynchronizationprocess
wassuccessfullycompleted.Thelastsynchronizationtimedetermineswhenthenext
automaticsynchronizationwilltakeplace.Thenextautomaticsynchronizationis
performedatpredefinedpointsintimestartingfromthelastsynchronizationtime.
lasttransaction(n)~Themostrecenttransferofdatarecordedbytheserver.
Lastschriftenverfahren(n)~AnelectronicpaymentmethodusedinSwitzerlandthat
allowscompaniestodeductcustomerpaymentsdirectlyfromacustomer’sbankthrough
theSwissInterbankClearingsystem.
LAT(n)~ADEC-specific,non-routablenetworkprotocoldesignedtoprovideconnection
betweenremotedesktopserversandDEChosts.
latch(n)~Ashort-termsynchronizationobjectprotectingactionsthatneednotbelocked
forthelifeofatransaction.Alatchisprimarilyusedtoprotectarowthatthestorage
engineisactivelytransferringfromabasetableorindextotherelationalengine.
latefinishdate(n)~Thelatestdatethatataskcanfinishwithoutdelayingthefinishofthe
project.Itisbasedonthetask’slatestartdate,aswellasthelatestartandlatefinishdates
ofpredecessorandsuccessortasks,andotherconstraints.
latestartdate(n)~Thelastpossibledateataskcouldbestartedifallpredecessorand
successortasksalsostartandfinishontheirlatestartandlatefinishdates.
late-boundcode(n)~Acodethatdeferstheassignmentofameaningtoanidentifier
(suchasavariable)untilruntime.
latency(n)~Thetimerequiredforasignaltotravelfromonepointonanetworkto
another.
latency(n)~Thedelaythatoccurswhiledataisprocessedordelivered.
latency(n)~Theamountoftimeittakesfortheclientrequestforafragmenttobe
fulfilled(thatis,theamountoftimeittakesfortherequestedfragmenttobeviewablein
theSilverlight-enabledbrowser).Typically,thisisafewseconds.
Latency~Thetimeintervalduringwhichanetworkstationseeksaccesstoatransmission
channelandaccessisgrantedorreceived.
late-peakcontour(n)~Acontourthatslopesupgradually,peaksneartheendofthe
curve,andthendropsoff.
latestversion(n)~Themostrecentorcurrentversionofasoftwarerelease.
latheobject(n)~Anobjectthatappearsasifmadebyamachineforshapingapieceof
material,suchaswoodormetal,byrotatingitrapidlyalongitsaxiswhilepressingagainst
afixedcuttingorabradingtool.
Latin(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#86.
LatinAmerica(PN)~Thegeographiclocation,coveringLatinAmerica,withintheAzure
regiontaxonomyinZone2.
lattice(n)~AstructurethatpasseshandwritingrecognitionresultstotabletPCplatform
libraries.
launch(n)~Toactivateanapplicationprogramfromtheoperatingsystem’suserinterface.
launch(v)~Toactivateanapplicationprogram(especiallyontheMacintosh)fromthe
operatingsystem’suserinterface.
launch(n)~Theactivitiesleadinguptoandthroughaproduct’sreleaseintothe
marketplace.
Launchbar(n)~AwindowwhereGrooveusersstartnewactivities.Itcontainstwo
panels,oneforcreatingandmanagingworkspaces,andtheotherformanagingcontacts.
launcher(PN)~InMacOS,aprogramthatorganizesfrequentlyusedapplicationsand
programsandthatallowstheusertoexecutethemwithasinglemouseclick.
Launcher(n)~Aprogramthatletsuserseasilyfindandopenprograms,accessories,
controlpanelsettings,andWebsitesusingtheirfingersonatouch-screenTabletPC.
Launcher(PN)~Amenuthatuserscanscrollthroughandwheretheyopenapplications
fromonaSurfaceunitinusermode.Launchercontainsicons,videos,andtextthat
describeeachapplication.LauncheristheprimaryvisualcomponentoftheSurface
software.
launcherstyle(n)~Afunctionthatallowstheusertospecifyhowtasksaredisplayedin
thelauncher(listvieworiconview).
layer(n)~Theprotocolorprotocolsoperatingataparticularlevelwithinaprotocolsuite,
suchasIPwithintheTCP/IPsuite.
layer(n)~Acontainerthatholdspageelements,suchastextandgraphics.Youcan
overlap,nest,andshoworhidelayersonapage.Youcanalsoanimatelayers.
layer(n)~Alogical(notphysical)structuringofasoftwareapplicationintorelatedtasks.
layer~Inthe-OSI-referencemodel,alayerisacollectionofrelatednetwork-processing
functionsthatconstituteonelevelofahierarchyoffunctions.
LayerTwoTunnelingProtocol(n)~Anindustry-standardInternettunnelingprotocol
thatprovidesencapsulationforsendingPoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)framesacross
packet-orientedmedia.ForIPnetworks,L2TPtrafficissentasUserDatagramProtocol
(UDP)messages.InMicrosoftoperatingsystems,L2TPisusedinconjunctionwith
InternetProtocolsecurity(IPSec)asavirtualprivatenetwork(VPN)technologyto
provideremoteaccessorrouter-to-routerVPNconnections.L2TPisdescribedinRFC
2661.
layereddriver(n)~OneofacollectionofdriversthatrespondstothesameIRPs.Layered
driverdescribesthehighest-levelandlowest-leveldriversinachainoflayereddriversthat
processthesameIRPs,alongwithallintermediatedriversinthechain.
layeredwindow(n)~Awindowthatfeaturesspecialvisualeffectssuchastranslucency,
transparencyandcustombordershapesorcolors.
layout(n)~Incomputerdesign,thearrangementofcircuitsandothercomponentsofthe
system.
layout(n)~Theoverallplanordesignofadocumentsystem.
layout(n)~Inprogramming,theorderandsequenceofinputandoutput.
layout(n)~Theorganization(thearrangement,size,andposition)ofthevisualelements
inyourapplication,withrespecttoeachotherandtheoverallapplicationwindow.
Layout(PN)~Atoolthatallowsyoutoquicklydrawoneofacollectionoflayoutpanels
(containers).
layout(n)~Theoveralldesignofapageorcontentset,includingtextelements,controls,
andgraphics.
layout(n)~Thelayoutandgeneralresiliencyofdataacrossmultipledisksinavirtualdisk
orstoragespace.
layoutcell(n)~Acellinalayouttable.
layoutcontainer(n)~Anelementthatcontrolsthepositioning,sizeanddimensions,and
arrangementofotherelementscontainedwithinthem.Layoutcontainersareadaptivein
thesensethattheycanbeimplementedimplicitly,meaningthelayoutautomatically
resizes,orauto-sizes,accordingtothewindowsize.
LayoutGallery(PN)~TheSwayfeaturethatallowsuserstochoosebetweendifferent
Layoutsfortheselectedcontent.
Layoutpage(n)~Awebpagenamed_Layout.cshtmlthatprovidesatemplateforthe
contentofanotherpageinanASP.NETWebpagessite.
layoutpanel(n)~Apanelthatcontrolsthepositioning,sizeanddimensions,and
arrangementofotherelementscontainedwithinthem.Layoutpanelsareadaptiveinthe
sensethattheycanbeimplementedimplicitly,meaningthelayoutautomaticallyresizes,
orauto-sizes,accordingtothewindowsize.
layoutpass(n)~Aprocessthatcalculatesthesizeandpositionofelementsintheuser
interface.
layoutpath(n)~Adynamiclayoutofobjectsorelementsalongoneormorepaths.
layoutpattern(n)~Oneofseveralarrangementsfordisplayingproperties.
LayoutPreview(n)~Afeaturethatusesaminimumamountofdatatodisplaythegeneral
layoutofareport.
layoutstyle(n)~Apre-definedtablestylethatallowsuserstochangethelookandfeelof
aform.
layouttable(n)~Aframeworkthatincludesrowsandcolumnsfororganizingand
arrangingcontentonaform,includingcontrols,controllabels,sectionsofaform,logos,
andothertypesofgraphics.
layouttable(n)~ApredefinedlayoutthatdefinesthestructureofaWebpageasatable.
Alayouttablecanalsoincludeformattingsuchasroundedcorners,borders,andvisual
effects.
layouttransform(n)~Atypeoftransformationthatisappliedbeforethelayoutpass.
Afterthetransformisapplied,thelayoutsystemprocessesthetransformedsizeand
positionoftheelement.Usealayouttransformpropertyonlywhenscaling,rotating,or
skewingandyouneedtheparentoftheelementtoadjusttothetransformedsizeofthe
element.Otherwise,usearendertransform,whichismoreefficient.
LazyAreaLocationReporting(PN)~Atypeoflocationreportingthatspecifiesthearea
intowhichusersperformedtheirlastsession,country,regionandlocalityassociatedto
devices,basedonCELLIDorWIFI.
Lazyevaluation~acomputationoptimizationtechniquethatattemptstodelay
computationofexpressionsuntiltheresultsofthecomputationareknowntobeneeded.
lazyflusher(n)~Ataskthatflushesthein-memorytransmissionobjectstoaworktable.
lazyinitialization(n)~Thedeferralofobjectinitializationorinstantiationuntilthefirst
timetheobjectisreferenced.
lazyloading(n)~Apatternofdataloadingwhererelatedobjectsarenotloadeduntila
navigationpropertyisaccessed.
lazyschemavalidation(n)~Anoptionthatdelayscheckingtheremoteschemato
validateitsmetadataagainstaqueryuntilexecutioninordertoincreaseperformance.-
LB(oth)~ThepayrolltaxfortheNetherlandsthatisrelatedtoincometaxwithholding
andinformationrelatedtopersonnel.
LBA(n)~AmethodusedwithSCSIandIDEdiskdrivestotranslatethecylinder,head,
andsectorspecificationsofthedriveintoaddressesthatcanbeusedbyanenhanced
BIOS.LBAisusedwithdrivesthatarelargerthan528MB.
LCD(n)~Atypeofdisplaythatusesaliquidcompoundhavingapolarmolecular
structure,sandwichedbetweentwotransparentelectrodes.Whenanelectricfieldis
applied,themoleculesalignwiththefield,formingacrystallinearrangementthat
polarizesthelightpassingthroughit.Apolarizedfilterlaminatedovertheelectrodes
blockspolarizedlight.Inthisway,agridofelectrodescanselectivelyturnon’acell
LCD~(LiquidCrystalDisplay)Atypeofcomputerscreen,originallyusedonly
on-laptopsbutnowwidelyusedfordesktopPCsandtelevisions.
LCID(n)~A32-bitvaluewhichconsistsofthelanguageIDinthelowword(bits0-15)
andthesortingID(bits16-19)andareservedvalue(bits20-31)inthehighword.
LCP(n)~APPPcontrolprotocolthatnegotiateslinkandPPPparameterstodynamically
configurethedata-linklayerofaPPPconnection.
LCR(n)~Areplicationthatusesasingleserverandbuilt-intechnologytocreateand
maintainacopyofastoragegrouponasecondsetofdisksthatareconnectedtothesame
serverastheprimarystoragegroup.LCRprovidesasynchronouslogshipping,logreplay,
andaquickmanualswitchtoacopyofthedata.
LCR(n)~Aprocessthatperformsreversenumberlookuponone-numbercallsandthen
routesthecalloveranIPconnectiontothepublicswitchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN)
gatewaythatisnearesttothelocationofthedestinationphonenumber.
LDAP(n)~TheprimaryaccessprotocolforActiveDirectory.LDAPisanindustry-
standardprotocol,establishedbytheInternetEngineeringTaskForce(IETF),thatallows
userstoqueryandupdateinformationinadirectoryservice.ActiveDirectorysupports
bothLDAPversion2andLDAPversion3.
LDD(n)~Thedesignerusedtocreateandeditdiagramsofinterconnectedlogicalservers
thatrepresentthelogicalstructureofadatacenter.
LDL(n)~Aclassoflipoproteinsthatcarrycholesterolthroughthebloodandaroundthe
body,forusebycells.
lead(n)~Apotentialcustomerwhomustbecontactedbyasalespersonandeither
qualifiedordisqualifiedasasalesopportunity.Leadswillbeconvertedintoaccounts,
contacts,oropportunitiesiftheyarequalified.Otherwisetheyaredeletedorarchived.
leadbyte(n)~Thebytevaluethatisthefirsthalfofadouble-bytecharacter.
leadhost(n)~Acachehostthathasbeendesignatedtoworkwithotherleadhostsandto
keeptheclusterrunningatalltimes.
leadscoring(n)~Theprocessofassigningpointstoprospects,basedonspecifically
definedcriteria,generallytoidentifytheprospectsorleadsmostlikelytobecome
customers.
leadtime(n)~Theminimumamountoftimerequiredforproductionofanitem.
leadtime(n)~Anoverlapbetweentasksthathaveadependency.Forexample,ifatask
canstartwhenitspredecessorishalf-finished,youcanspecifyafinish-to-start
dependencywithaleadtimeof50percentforitssuccessor[hasanegativelagvalue].
leader(n)~Alineorrowofcharactersusedtoleadtheeyefromadatalabeltoadata
point,orfromacallouttotheappropriatepartofanillustration.
leader(n)~Ateleconferencingparticipantwhocanactivateanddeactivateaphone
conference.
leader(n)~Avideothatplaysbeforethemainvideobegins.
leadercharacter(n)~Adot,hyphen,orothercharacterusedtocreatealinethatfillsthe
spacebeforeatabstop.
leaderclip(n)~Avideothatplaysbeforethemainvideobegins.
leadercode(n)~Anaccesscodethatisneededinorderforausertojoinaconferenceasa
leader.ThisstringisenteredintheOptionsdialogbox,ontheAccountstab,under
ConferencingInformation.
leadervideo(n)~Avideothatplaysbeforethemainvideobegins.
leaderboard(n)~ListofthetopplayersinagameorothercompetitiononXboxLive.
leading(n)~Theamountofspacefromthebottomofonelineoftexttothebottomofthe
nextline.
leadingclip(n)~Avideothatplaysbeforethemainvideobegins.
leadingvideo(n)~Avideothatplaysbeforethemainvideobegins.
lead-timeoffset(n)~Anoffsetvaluethatchangestheduedateofanyassemblyorder
componentthatbelongstotheassemblyBOMduringreplenishmentplanning.The
assemblylineduedateisthencalculatedasDueDate=StartingDate-Lead-TimeOffset.
leaf(n)~Anodewithnochildobjectsrepresentedinthetree.
leafdisk(n)~Thelastdiskinachainwithnochilddisksattachedtoit.
leaflevel(n)~Thebottomlevelofaclusteredornonclusteredindex,orthebottomlevel
ofahierarchy.
leafmember(n)~Amemberthathasnodescendents.
leafnode(n)~Anodewithnochildobjectsrepresentedinthetree.
leanmanufacturing(n)~Aphilosophyinwhichmanufactuaringoperationspromotelean
productionflowsandbusinessactivities.
leanschedulegroup(n)~Awayinwhichtoaggregateitemsforproduction,forexample,
basedonasetupgroup,shippinggroup,ortransportgroup.
learningmanagementsystem(n)~Asystemthatenablesthemanagementanddelivery
oflearningcontentandresourcestostudents.
learningpath(n)~Thetrainingcoursesthatcanhelpapartnerreachparticulargoals
accordingtoMicrosoftproducts,competencies,partnertypeandrole.
learningplan(n)~Alistofrequiredandelectivecoursesthataretakentosatisfyagoal.
RequiredcoursescanbebasedonMicrosoftcorporatemandates;company-wide,
business-grouporregionalinitiatives;orthelearner’scareerstageprofile.
lease(n)~ThelengthoftimeforwhichaDHCPclientcanuseadynamicallyassignedIP
addressconfiguration.Beforetheleasetimeexpires,theclientmusteitherreneworobtain
anewleasewithDHCP.
leasetime(n)~ThelengthoftimeforwhichaDHCPclientcanuseadynamically
assignedIPaddressconfiguration.Beforetheleasetimeexpires,theclientmusteither
reneworobtainanewleasewithDHCP.
leasedline(n)~Acommunicationschannelthatpermanentlyconnectstwoormore
locations.Dedicatedlinesareprivateorleasedlines,ratherthanpublicones.T1lines,
whichareusedbymanyorganizationsforInternetconnectivity,areexamplesofdedicated
lines.
LeasedLine~Aprivatetelephonelinewithoutinter-exchangeswitchingarrangements.
AlsocalledPrivateLineandDedicatedLine
LeastRecentlyAccessedFiles(n)~Astoragereportthatlistsfilesthathavebeen
accessedleastrecently.Usethisreporttoidentifyrarelyuseddata.
leastrecentlyused(n)~Thetypeofevictionusedbythecachecluster,whereleast
recentlyusedobjectsareevictedbeforethemostrecentlyusedobjects.
least-costrouting(n)~Aprocessthatperformsreversenumberlookuponone-number
callsandthenroutesthecalloveranIPconnectiontothepublicswitchedtelephone
network(PSTN)gatewaythatisnearesttothelocationofthedestinationphonenumber.
least-squaresmethod(n)~Amethodthatassignsvaluestounknownquantitiesina
statisticalmodel,basedonthevaluesfoundbyminimizingthesumofsquareddeviations
fromthemean.
LeaveManagement(PN)~TheDuetend-userapplicationthatallowsuserstoself-
managetheirabsenceoravailabilityforpayrollpurposes.Userscancreateandmanage
leaverequestsinMicrosoftOfficeOutlookintheformofCalendaritems,whichare
integratedwithapprovalguidelinesandbusiness-definedprocessesdefinedinSAP
systems.
LED(n)~Asemiconductordevicethatconvertselectricalenergyintolight,used,for
example,fortheactivitylightsoncomputerdiskdrives.Light-emittingdiodesworkonthe
principleofelectroluminescenceandarehighlyefficient,producinglittleheatforthe
amountoflightoutput.
ledger(n)~Thepartofanaccountingsystemthatisusedforclassifyingthemonetary
valueofeconomictransactionsbyusingachartofaccounts,afiscalcalendar,andoneor
morecurrencies.
ledgeraccount(n)~Anaccountinthegeneralledgerthatrecordsfinancialtransactions,
balances,ortotalsthatpertaintoassets,liabilities,revenues,expenses,andownerequity.
ledgeraccount(n)~Aclassifiercreatedfromthecombinationofmainaccountvalueand
otherfinancialdimensionvalueslistedinachartofaccountsandusedtoclassifythe
financialconsequencesofeconomicactivity.
ledgerdimension(n)~Aclassifiercreatedfromthecombinationoffinancialdimension
valueslistedinachartofaccountsandusedtoclassifythefinancialconsequencesof
economicactivity.
ledgerreconciliation(n)~Thepracticeofreconcilinggeneralledgeraccounts.
LedgerSheets(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstoperformcommonfinancial
managementtasks,suchasbalancingacheckbook,trackingaccounts,ormanaging
investmentporfolios,byusingasetofExceltemplates.
ledgerupdatetransaction(n)~Asystemtransactionthattracksandreportswhathas
beenpostedtotheledger.
leftalign(v)~Toaligntextalongtheleftmargin.
leftanglebracket(n)~The<character.
leftarrow(n)~Thekeyonthekeyboardthatislabeledwithaleftarrow.
leftbrace(n)~The{character.
leftbracket(n)~The[character.
LEFTDOUBLEQUOTATIONMARK(n)~The-€œcharacter.
leftend(n)~TheshortsideofaSurfaceunitwheretheAC/MainrockerswitchandAC
powerconnectorarelocatedandthatprovidesaccesstotheharddiskdriveoftheSurface
unit.
leftmousebutton(n)~Thebuttononyourpointingdevicethatyouusemostoftenfor
clickinganddouble-clicking.
leftouterjoin(n)~Atypeofouterjoininwhichallrowsfromtheleft-mosttableinthe
JOINclauseareincluded.Whenrowsinthelefttablearenotmatchedbyrowsintheright
table,allresultsetcolumnsthatcomefromtherighttableareassignedavalueofNULL.
leftpane(n)~ThenavigationalpaneattheleftofmostwebpagesandWindowsfolders.
leftsquarebracket(n)~The[character.
Leftvoicemail(oth)~CheckboxonPhoneCallformthatindicatesthat,whenthecall
wasmade,avoicemailwasleftfortherecipient.
left-aligned(adj)~Pertainingtotextthatisalignedalongtheleftmargin.
left-to-right(adj)~Pertainingtokeyboardsettings,documentviews,userinterface
objects,andlanguagesforwhichtextisdisplayedinaleft-to-rightdirection.Englishand
mostotherEuropeanlanguagesareleft-to-rightlanguages.
legacy(adj)~Oforpertainingtodocuments,data,software,orhardwarethatexistedprior
toacertaintime.
legacy(n)~Anyfeatureinthecomputersystembasedonoldertechnologyforwhich
compatibilitycontinuestobemaintainedinothersystemcomponents.
Legacy~Termusedtodescribeenterpriseapplicationsorsystemsinstalledinthedistant
past,butstillbeingused.Typically,theyarecharacterizedbyoutdatedtechnologies,but
arestillcriticaltoday-to-dayoperations.
legacyagent(n)~AnyagentversionthatisolderthanMOM2004.
legacyapplication(n)~WhenusedinthecontextoftheUserAccountControl(UAC)
infrastructure,anapplicationthatdoesnothaveanapplicationmanifestthatindicates
whetherornotanadministrativeprivilegeisrequiredfortheapplicationtorunproperly.
LegacyAutomation(PN)~Acheckboxonthecampaignrecordsummaryformthata
usercheckstoenableautomationforcampaignsbuiltusingpreviousversionsofthe
MicrosoftDynamicsMarketing.
LegacyClient(n)~AnSMS2003(orearlier)clienttypesupportedonWindowsoperating
systemsreleasedpriortotheWindows2000familyofoperatingsystems.
legacydevice(n)~Adevicethatdoesnotuse(PCI),(USB),1394,orlaterphysical
interconnect,butisfully(PnP)compliant.Alegacydevicecannotbeconfiguredor
managedbyusingeithermechanismsorPnPmethodstospecifyresourceconfigurations.
legacynetworkadapter(n)~Avirtualnetworkadapterthatemulatesaspecificphysical
networkadapter,themultiportDEC2114010/100TX100MB.Alegacynetworkadapter
alsosupportsnetwork-basedinstallationsbecauseitincludestheabilitytoboottothePre-
ExecutionEnvironment(PXEboot).
legacysystem(n)~Acomputer,softwareprogram,network,orothercomputerequipment
thatremainsinuseafterabusinessororganizationinstallsnewsystems.Compatibility
withlegacysystemsisanimportantconsiderationwhenanewversionisinstalled.For
example,willanewspreadsheetsoftwarereleasebeabletoreadtheexistingbusiness
recordswithoutexpensiveandtime-consumingconversiontoanewformat?Legacy
systemsinmanyorganizationsarebasedonmainframecomputers,whichmaybeeither
augmentedorslowlyreplacedbyclient/serverarchitectures.
LegacyExchangeDN(n)~Anattributeattachedtomailduringmigrationtoanew
environmentthatkeepscontinuitywiththeoldenvironment.
Legal&HR(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelpbusinesseswith
legalorhumanresourcetasks.
legaldiscovery(n)~Theusuallypretrialdisclosureofpertinentfactsordocumentsbyone
orbothpartiestoalegalactionorproceeding.
legalentity(n)~Anorganizationwitharegisteredorlegislatedlegalstructurethatis
grantedtheauthoritytoenterintolegalcontractsandthatisrequiredtopreparestatements
thatreportonitsperformance.
legalhold(n)~Afunctionthatassistsinmanagingthelegaldiscoveryprocessby
supersedingtheretentionpolicyonarecordunderdiscovery,sothatitisnotdisposedof
evenwhentheexpirationtriggerisreached.
legalname(n)~Thenameofanorganizationusedforlegalandgovernmentaldocuments.
legendkeys(n)~Symbolsinlegendsthatshowthepatternsandcolorsassignedtothe
dataseries(orcategories)inachart.Legendkeysappeartotheleftoflegendentries.
Formattingalegendkeyalsoformatsthedatamarkerthat’sassociatedwithit.
LemonBatterButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectlemonbatterfortheircake.
LemonIcingButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectalemonicingfortheircake.
length(n)~Thedistanceorperiodoftimebetweenaspecifiedstartpointandaspecified
endpoint.Forexample,thelengthofanaudioorvideoclipisusuallymeasuredin
minutesandseconds.
lens(n)~Afirstorthird-partyapplicationthatworkswiththeWindowsPhonecamerato
offeradditionalfeaturesandfunctionalityforuserstakingandeditingpictures.
lens(n)~ThesectionofthecustomizableareainthewelcomepageoftheMicrosoft
Azurepreviewportalcontainingcomponentsthatprovidereusableunitsoffunctionality
groupedintheme.
lenspicker(n)~Anoptionintheviewfinderforavailablelensapps.
lessthanorequaltosign(n)~The?character.
lessthansign(n)~The<character.
lesson(n)~?Aunitoflearningthataddressesaportionofthecontentforaclassandmay
includeassignments,materials,andotherlessons.
lessonslearned(n)~Areviewofbestpractices,projectinsights,andclientinformation.
Astheprojectteamdisbandsandnewprojectsbegin,reviewingthelessonslearnedlets
yourecordinformationgatheredandgeneratedthroughtheproject.
LESS-THANSIGN(n)~The<character.
letter(n)~Anactivitythattracksthedeliveryofaletter.Theactivitycancontainthe
electroniccopyoftheletter.
letterofguarantee(n)~Anundertakingbyabank(theguarantor)topayanagreed-upon
amountofmoneytoanotherperson(thebeneficiary)ifthebank’scustomer(theprincipal)
defaultsinadebtorinitsobligationtothebeneficiary.
letterbox(n)~Avideodisplayformatinwhichblackbarsappearaboveandbelowthe
videoimagewhileitisplayed.Theletterboxformatmaintainstheoriginalaspectratioof
animagewhenitisdisplayedinawindowwithadifferentaspectratio.
level(n)~Thenameofasetofmembersinadimensionhierarchysuchthatallmembers
ofthesetareatthesamedistancefromtherootofthehierarchy.Forexample,atime
hierarchymaycontainthelevelsYear,Month,andDay.
leveling(oth)~Resolvingresourceconflictsoroverallocationsbydelayingorsplitting
certaintasks.WhenProjectlevelsaresource,itsselectedassignmentsaredistributedand
rescheduled.
levelingdelay(n)~Theamountoftimethatanassignmentortaskistobedelayedfrom
theoriginalscheduledstartdateasaresultofresourcelevelingorofmanuallyenteringa
levelingdelay.
leverage(v)~Totakeadvantageof;capitalizeon.
lexicon(n)~Thewordsofalanguageandtheirdefinitions.
lexicon(n)~Inprogramming,theidentifiers,keywords,constants,andotherelementsofa
languagethatmakeupitsvocabulary.”
LF(n)~Acontrolcharacterthattellsacomputerorprintertoadvanceonelinebelowthe
currentlinewithoutmovingthepositionofthecursororprinthead.
liability(n)~Amonetarydebtorobligationoffutureservices.
liability(n)~Aclassifierusedtoclassifythevalueofeconomicresourcesthatareowned
bycreditors.
library(n)~InWindowsMediaPlayer,adatabasethatcontainsinformationaboutdigital
mediafilesonacomputer,anetworkdrive,ortheInternet.
library(n)~AlocationonaSharePointsitewhereacollectionoffilesandtheirassociated
metadataarestored.
library(n)~ThecatalogofresourcesthatcanbeusedtocreatevirtualmachinesinVirtual
MachineManager.
library(n)~Acollectionofitems,suchasfilesandfolders,assembledfromvarious
locations.Thelocationsmightbeonyourcomputer,anexternalharddrive,removable
media,orsomeoneelse’scomputer.
librarydatabase(n)~Acollectionofproceduresanddatabaseobjectsthatyoucancall
fromanyapplication.Inordertousetheitemsinthelibrary,youmustfirstestablisha
referencefromthecurrentdatabasetothelibrarydatabase.
libraryfile(n)~Inprogramming,acollectionofroutinesstoredinafile.Eachsetof
instructionsinalibraryhasaname,andeachperformsadifferenttask.
libraryrefresh(n)~TheprocessbywhichVirtualMachineManagerindexesfilesstored
onlibraryshares,andthenupdatesLibraryviewandresourcelistings.Periodiclibrary
refreshescanbescheduled,orindividuallibrarysharescanberefreshedasneeded.
libraryrequest(n)~Arequestforalibraryorstand-alonedrivetoperformatask.This
requestcanbeissuedbyanapplicationorbyRemovableStorage.
libraryserver(n)~AserverthatmakessharesavailabletostoreresourcesintheVirtual
MachineManagerlibrary.ThelibraryismanagedcentrallythroughtheLibraryviewof
theVirtualMachineManagerAdministratorConsole.AVirtualMachineManageragent
installedonthelibraryserverprovidesmetadataaboutthesharesandresourcestoVirtual
MachineManager.
libraryshare(n)~AsharethathasbeenaddedtotheVirtualMachineManagerlibrary.
Tobeavailableforuseincreatingvirtualmachines,aresourcemustbestoredonalibrary
shareandmustbeaddedtotheVirtualMachineManagerlibrary.Whenalibraryserveris
addedtoVirtualMachineManager,sharesonthelibraryserverareautomatically
discovered.
Libraryview(n)~TheviewintheVirtualMachineManagerAdministratorConsolein
whichtheadministratormanageslibraryservers,shares,resources,andstoredvirtual
machines.
licenseacquisition(n)~Theprocessofobtainingalicensetoplaycontentthatis
protectedwithusagerightsandrestrictionspolicies.
LicenseAdvantage(PN)~Aspecifictypeoffullsoftwarelicensethatcanbepurchased
fromMicrosoft.
licensechain(n)~Alicensefordigitalmediacontentthatiscomposedofconnected
elementsthatincludearootlicenseandoneormoreleaflicenses,eachofwhichcontains
asubsetofrightsforthecontent.
licensecode(n)~Analphanumerickeythatgrantsapartytherighttousesoftwareor
softwarecomponentsasprescribedinthetermsofthelicenseagreement,andthat
activatesandinactivatessoftwaremodules,softwarecapabilities,andsoftwarefunctions.
LicenseInstallationReport(n)~Areportthatcomparesinstalledsoftwareoncomputers
inanorganizationwiththatorganization’scurrentlicenseagreementcoverage.Thisreport
canbeusedtodeterminewhetheranorganizationhassufficientlicenseagreement
coverage.
LicenseManager(n)~Awizardinterfaceforadding,deleting,andviewingProfessional
andStandardMicrosoftCRMModuleLicenses.
licenseplatenumber(n)~Auniquenumberthatisassignedtoawarehouseentitysuchas
apallet,bin,cart,orindividualitemfortrackinginventory.Youcanusethisnumberto
ascertaintheitemlocation,itemquantity,productdimension,andtrackingdimensionof
theentity.
LicensePurchaseReport(n)~Areportthatdisplaysthesoftwaretitlesforalllicensed
softwareinselectedlicensegroups,basedontheirlicensingagreements.Thisreportcan
beusedtofindgapsincoverageforthelicenseagreementsinanorganization.
licenseserver(n)~AcomputeronwhichtheRDLicensingroleserviceisinstalled.A
licenseserverissuesRDSCALstousersordevicesthatconnecttoaremotedesktop
server.
licenseserverdiscoverymode(n)~Amodethatisconfiguredontheterminalserverthat
determineswhichmethodtousetofind(-€œdiscover-€?)aTerminalServiceslicense
serverinordertorequestTerminalServicesclientaccesslicenses(TSCALs).
licenseset(n)~AcollectionofGroovelicensesassignedtomanagementofadomain
groupormember.
licenseterms(n)~Alegalagreementbetweenasoftwareorhardwaremanufacturerand
theenduser,withregardtothetermsofuseandtransferofthesoftware.
licensedfile(n)~AWindowsMediafilethathasanassociatedlicensethatdefineshow
thefilecanbeplayed.Therestrictionsstatedinthelicensevarydependingonthelicense
creator.
Licensesworkspace(n)~AworkspaceinWindowsIntuneandAssetInventoryService
thatletsadministratorsaddandmanagelicenseagreementinformationforsoftwarethat
waspurchasedthroughMicrosoftVolumeLicensingagreements,andforMicrosoftor
non-Microsoftsoftwarethatwaspurchasedbyothermeans.
LicenseWise(PN)~A-€œone-stopshop-€?thatcanhelppartnersrecommendproduct
andlicensingsolutionsfortheircustomers,optimizethesalesprocess,andbuildnew
revenueopportunities.
licensing(n)~Theprocessofissuinglicensestoclients,sothattheymayusecontentthat
isprotectedwithusagerightsandrestrictionspolicies.
licensingkey(n)~Ashortcharacterstringthatservesasapasswordduringthe
installationoflicensedcommercialsoftware.Theuseoflicensingkeysisasecuritydevice
aimedatreducingillegalduplicationoflicensedsoftware.
LicensingManual(PN)~ThestatementpublishedbyMicrosoft(updatedfromtimeto
time)athttp://www.microsoft.com/licensing/contractsoratasuccessorsite.The
LicensingManualincludesdetailsabouttheprocessessupportinganagreement.
LicensingSolutionProvider(PN)~ApartnersupportingtheanalysisofMicrosoft
customers’licensesandcloudoptionsontheirEnterpriseAgreement(s)andadvisethem
regardingchangestoprogramsoverthepastthreeyearsandhowtheywillimpacttheir
organization,aswellasallcontractmanagementactivitiesrequired.
LID(n)~Astandardinternationalnumericabbreviationforacountryorgeographical
region.Alanguageidentifierisa16-bitvaluethatconsistsofaprimarylanguageidentifier
andasecondarylanguageidentifier.
lifecycle(n)~Thephasesasolutiongoesthroughfromthetimeitisconceiveduntilthe
timeitisretiredfromservice.
lifecyclemodel(n)~Apartitioningofthelifeofaproductintophasesthatguidethe
projectfromidentifyingcustomerneedsthroughproductretirement.
lifestyle(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesactivitiesindailylife,suchasshoppingor
dining.
Lifestyle(PN)~AnMSNsitedesignedasaguidetobetterliving,witharticle,tipsand
galleriesonbeautyandfashion,food,styleandhomedécor,dietandcuisine,healthand
fitness,parenting,friendsandrelationships.
Lifestyle(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesactivitiesindailylife,suchasshoppingor
dining.
lifestylesnapshot(n)~Adocumenteddayinthelifeofapersona.Alifestylesnapshotis
createdbyabusinessanalystthroughinteractionswiththeusers.
lifetime(n)~Thetimeperiodthatbeginswhenanobjectisallocatedinmemoryandends
whenthegarbagecollectordeletestheobjectfrommemory.
Lifetime(PN)~Atime-outsettinginWebplaylistsafterwhichclientscannotaccessthe
playlist.
Lifetimecalls(PN)~ThenameofasectioninCallTimersthatdisplaysthecumulative
durationofallcallssincethedevicewasfirstactivated.
LIFOinventoryvaluationmethod(n)~Aninventoryvaluationmethodinwhich
inventorythatisreceivedmostrecentlyisconsideredsoldorusedfirstforaccounting
purposes.
liftchart(n)~InAnalysisServices,achartthatcomparestheaccuracyofthepredictions
ofeachdataminingmodelinthecomparisonset.
ligature(n)~Intypography,asinglecharactercreatedfromtwojoinedlettersthat
replacesthetwoseparateletters.
light(n)~Apropertyingraphicdesignsoftwarethatmakesobjectsvisible,muchlike
lightinthenaturalworld.
light(n)~Athemethatconsistsofalightbackground.
light(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof300
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
lightbulbmenu(n)~Adropdownmenumarkedwithalightbulbiconproviding
automaticfixestocodeissuesor,ifnoautomaticfixisavailable,alinktodocumentation
describinghowtofixtheissue.
lightdismiss(n)~AneffectinwhichaUIelement,suchasaflyout,disappearswhenthe
usertouchesanywhereonthescreenoutsideoftheelement.
lightevent(n)~Aperformanceeventthatoccursonlyoccasionallyandforwhichlimited
informationiscollected.
lightsensor(n)~Acategoryofsensorthatrespondstoapre-definedamountoflight.
lightsource(n)~Theelementthatisprovidingthelightthatilluminatesaphotographic
subject.
lightsource(n)~Incomputergraphics,theimaginarylocationofasourceoflight,which
determinestheshadinginanimage.
lightness(n)~Thequalityofacolorthatmakesitappearbrighter(closertowhite)or
darker(closertoblack).
LightSwitchDesktopApplication(n)~Acomputerapplicationwhichisusedtobuild
businessapplicationsandprovidesasimplifieddevelopmentenvironmentsothatyoucan
concentrateonthebusinesslogicinsteadoftheapplicationinfrastructure.
LightSwitchforVisualStudio2013(n)~ThenameofacomputerapplicationforVisual
Studio2013,whichisusedtobuildbusinessapplicationsandprovidesasimplified
developmentenvironmentsothatyoucanconcentrateonthebusinesslogicinsteadofthe
applicationinfrastructure.
LightSwitchHTMLApplication(n)~Thenameofaapplicationthatmakesiteasyto
createprofessional,data-centric,businessapplicationsthatcanconsumeavarietyofdata
sourcesandcreateclientsthatcanrunonavarietyofdevices.
LightSwitchV3.6Clientproject(n)~Theprojectofaclientintheenvironmentof
LightSwitchV3.6.
LightSwitchv3.6Serverproject(n)~Theprojectofaserverintheenvironmentof
LightSwitchV3.6.
LightweightDirectoryAccessProtocol(n)~TheprimaryaccessprotocolforActive
Directory.LDAPisanindustry-standardprotocol,establishedbytheInternetEngineering
TaskForce(IETF),thatallowsuserstoqueryandupdateinformationinadirectory
service.ActiveDirectorysupportsbothLDAPversion2andLDAPversion3.
lightweightpooling(n)~Anoptionthatprovidesameansofreducingthesystem
overheadassociatedwiththeexcessivecontextswitchingsometimesseeninsymmetric
multiprocessing(SMP)environmentsbyperformingthecontextswitchinginline,thus
helpingtoreduceuser/kernelringtransitions.
lightweighttask(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,anasynchronousfunctioncall.A
lightweighttaskistypicallyshorter-runningandcontainslessinternalstatethanan
asynchronousagent,andthecallerisnotnotifiedwhenthetaskiscompleted.
like(v)~ActiontakenbyaMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuseronapostthatexpressesthat
theuserlikedoragreedwiththatparticularpost.
like(PN)~AFacebooktermforshowingapprovalofafriend’spostorconnectingwitha
page.
limitedaccess(n)~Accesstofewerfeaturesthanthecomputernormallyhas.This
reducedaccesswilllastforashortamountoftimebeforethecomputerbecomes
inoperable.
limitedaccount(n)~Atypeofaccountthatallowscustomerstousealimitedsetof
WindowsLiveserviceswithoutsigningupforanewe-mailaddressorprovidingan
existingalternateone.TheIDthatiscreatedcan’tbeusedtosendorreceivee-mail.A
customerwiththisaccounttypecanonlyresettheirpasswordiftheysubsequentlyaddan
alternatee-mailaddresstotheiraccount.
limitedcapacity(n)~Thecapabilityofaresource(worker,machine,workcenter,plant,
ororganization)toproduceoutputwithinaspecifiedperiodoftimewithoutexceedingthe
availablecapacity.
limitedliabilitycompany(n)~Abusinessentityallowedforbystatestatutesinthe
UnitedStatesthatprotectseachowner(member)frompersonalliabilitiesbutisnottaxed
sinceitpassesallprofitsandlossestoeachmemberwhoistaxedaccordingly.
limitedmaterial(n)~Amethodforschedulingresourcesthatassumesthatallthe
componentmaterialsneededforproductionareavailablewhentheproductionprocess
starts.
limitedpropertiesofworkcenters(n)~Amethodforschedulingresourcesthat
considerslimitstothetypeofworkaworkcentercanperformatagiventime.Finite
propertyspecifiesthetypeofproductsoroperationstobecarriedoutatthesametimeata
workcenter.
limiteduseraccount(n)~Atypeofuseraccountthatprohibitsusersfromchangingmost
computersettingsanddeletingimportantfiles.Whilesuchausercanaccessapplications,
theygenerallycannotinstallsoftwareorhardware,amongotherthings.
line(n)~Incommunications,aconnection,usuallyaphysicalwireorothercable,between
sendingandreceiving(orcallingandcalled)devices,includingtelephones,computers,
andterminals.
line(n)~Inwordprocessing,astringofcharactersdisplayedorprintedinasingle
horizontalrow.
line(n)~Inprogramming,astatement(instruction)thatoccupiesonelineoftheprogram.
Inthiscontext,thecommonreferenceistoaprogramline’ora‘lineofcode’.’
line(n)~Avectorpathdefinedbytwopointsandastraightorcurvedsegmentbetween
them.
lineappearance(n)~Intelephonysystems,theinstanceofanextensionorphonenumber
onaphone.Forexample,ifauser’sdeskphoneisprovisionedwithhisextension,then
youcansaythathisphonehashislineappearance.Businessphonesmayhavemorethan
onelineappearance.
linebreak(n)~Thepointatwhichonelineendsandanotherbegins.
linechart(n)~Achartthatshowstrendsindataatequalintervals,withvaluesfromone
ormoresetsofdataconnectedbylines.
lineeditor(n)~Atext-editingprogramthatnumberseachlineoftext,workingwiththe
documentonaline-by-lineratherthanonaword-by-wordbasis.
linefeed(n)~Acontrolcharacterthattellsacomputerorprintertoadvanceoneline
belowthecurrentlinewithoutmovingthepositionofthecursororprinthead.
LineImageGenerator(n)~Afeaturethatenablesyoutoconfigurethestyleofthelines
orimagesthataredisplayedbetweennodesinaTreeViewcontrol.
LineItemOrder(PN)~Thedisplaynameofanattributethatspecifiesthepositionofan
iteminthelistofcontractlineitems.
lineitemworkflow(n)~Aworkflowcreatedforeachlineiteminaworkflowdocument.
lineitemworkflowworkitem(n)~Aworkflowworkitemthatiscreatedbyalineitem
workflowinstance.
linejoin(n)~Thecommonareathatisformedbytwolineswhoseendsmeetoroverlap.
linelayer(n)~Thelayerinamapreportthatdisplaysspatialdataaslines,forexample,
linesthatindicatepathsorroutes.
linenumber(n)~Anumberassignedbyalineeditortoalineoftextandusedtoreferto
thatlineforpurposesofviewing,editing,orprinting.Thelinenumbersaresequential.
lineofcode(n)~Anexecutablelineoftextthatexcludeswhitespace,comments,type
declarations,andnamespacedeclarations.
linepencil(n)~Apenciltoolthatsimulatesthelookandfeelofdrawinglineswitha
pencil.
linepricevarianceamount(n)~Thecurrencyamountofthepricevariancebetweena
vendorinvoicelineandthecorrespondingpurchaseorderline,calculatedasfollows:
(Invoicenetunitprice-Purchaseordernetunitprice)*Updateinvoicequantity
lineprinter(n)~Anyprinterthatprintsonelineatatimeasopposedtoonecharacterata
time(aswithmanydot-matrixprinters)oronepageatatime(aswithsomedot-matrix
andmostlaserprinters).Lineprinterstypicallyproducethefamiliar11-by-17-inchfanfold
computerprintouts.Theyarehigh-speeddevicesandareoftenusedwithmainframes,
minicomputers,ornetworkedmachinesratherthanwithsingle-usersystems.
LinePrinterDaemon(n)~AserviceonaprintserverthatreceivesprintjobsfromLine
PrinterRemote(LPR)toolsthatarerunningonclientcomputers.
LinePrinterRemote(n)~Aconnectivityutilitythatrunsonclientsystemsandisusedto
printfilestoacomputerrunninganLPDserver.
lineproperty(n)~Acodethatspecifieswhichtransactionsinajournalarechargeableand
whicharenon-chargeable.
linescreenangle(n)~Theangleofthelinesofdotsforeachofthehalftonescreensthat
areusedinprocesscolorprinting.
linescreenfrequency(n)~Thefinenessorcoarsenessofahalftonescreenrepresentedby
linesperinch(LPI).
linesegment(n)~Aportionofaline,definedbyitsbeginningandendingpoints.
linespacing(n)~Theamountofspacefromthebottomofonelineoftexttothebottom
ofthenextline.
linestring(n)~Ashaperepresentingasinglepathinacoordinatesystem.Ituseslinear
interpolationbetweencontrolpointsforthedefinitionoflinewhichisappropriatetothe
coordinatesystem.
lineweight(n)~Thethicknessofalineinadocument.
linewidth(n)~Thelengthofalineoftypemeasuredfromtheleftmargintotheright
marginonapieceofpaperoronacomputerscreen.Onatypewriter,linewidthisusually
measuredintermsofthenumberofmonospacealphanumericcharactersthatcanfitonthe
line;onacomputermonitororprinter,linewidthisnormallymeasuredininches,
centimeters,points,orpicas.
linewrap(n)~Theabilityofaword-processingprogramoratext-editingprogramto
breaklinesoftextautomaticallytostaywithinthepagemarginsorwindowboundariesof
adocumentwithouttheuserhavingtodosowithcarriagereturns,asistypically
necessaryonatypewriter.
linear(adj)~Proceedingsequentially.Forexample,alinearsearchisonethatmovesfrom
AtoBtoC.
linear(adj)~Inmathematicsandelectronics,havingadirectandproportionalrelationship
amongcharacteristicsorvariables.Forexample,theoutputofalinearamplifierisdirectly
proportionaltotheinput.
linearattenuation(n)~Theintensityofabeamoflightthatdiminishesataconstantrate
asitgetsfurtherfromthelightsource.
linearexpression(n)~Anoptionthatchangesa2-dimensionallinearexpression,suchas
5^2,toabuilt-up(3-dimensional)format.
linearfraction(n)~Afractionthatiswrittenonasingleline:thenumeratorisplacedon
theleft,followedbythefractionbar,andthedenominatorontheright.Example:3/4
lineargradient(n)~Abrushwhereonecolorgraduallytransitionsintoanotheralonga
line.
linearinterpolation(n)~Oneofthreemethodsusedtodescribehowananimation
transitionsbetweenvaluesoveritsduration.Thismethodproducesaconstantrateof
change.
linearsearch(n)~Asimple,thoughinefficient,searchalgorithmthatoperatesby
sequentiallyexaminingeachelementinalistuntilthetargetelementisfoundorthelast
itemhasbeencompletelyprocessed.Linearsearchesareprimarilyusedforveryshort
lists.
LinearVenn(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowoverlappingrelationshipsin
asequence.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
linedguide(n)~Inlinedmode,aruledrecognitionguidethatminimallydrawsa
suggestedbaseline,andcanalsoincludeamidline,orevenascenderordescenderlines.
linedmode(n)~ATabletPCinputmodethatprovidesanon-restrictivewritingsurface
withalinedguidethatenablesuserstowritefreeform(i.e.cursive,print,oramixof
these).Inlinedmode,user’sinkiscontinuouslyrecognizedandconvertedtotextassoon
astheuserstartswritingthenextword.
line-of-business(n)~Thetypeofenterpriseinwhichbusinessesororganizationsare
engaged.
line-of-businessapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatisvitaltorunningenterprises,such
aspayroll,resourceplanning,supplychainmanagement,andaccounting.
line-of-businessdata(n)~Anypieceofdataoriginatedinortargetedtobeprocessedby
theLOBsystem.
line-of-businessentity(n)~AdatastructureexposedbytheLOBsystemconsistingofa
setofrelatedfieldsgroupedtogetherunderauniqueID.
line-of-businessidentifier(n)~AnidentifierusedbytheLOBsystemtoperformcreate,
update,anddeleteoperationsonanLOBentity.ThisidentifierisuniqueperLOBentity
type,butmaynotbeuniqueacrossdifferenttypes,solutions,andLOBsystems.
line-of-businessservice(n)~AservicethatexposesaccesstoLOBdatasources
lingeringobject(n)~Adomaincontrollerthatwasofflineforlongerthanthevalueofthe
tombstonelifetimecancontainobjectsthathavebeendeletedonotherdomaincontrollers
andforwhichtombstonesnolongerexist.
link(v)~Toconnectorassociateitemsordatasuchascontacts,accounts,orworksheets.
link(n)~AconnectionbetweenanOLEobjectanditsOLEserver,orbetweenadynamic
dataexchange(DDE)sourcedocumentandadestinationdocument.
link(n)~Aconnectionbetweenanelementinahypertextdocument,suchasaword,
phrase,symbol,orimage,andadifferentelementinthedocumentorinanotherlocation,a
webpage,file,orscript.
link(v)~Toestablishaconnectiontodatafromanotherapplicationsothatuserscanview
andeditthedatainboththeoriginalapplicationandinthedestinationapplication.
link(n)~AconnectionbetweenmultiplecontactprofilesinthePeoplehub.
Link(PN)~TheSwaybuttonthatallowsuserstocreateahyperlinkembeddedintheir
sway.
LinkAggregationControlProtocol(PN)~Protocolthatstandardizesthelink
aggregationprocessamongdifferentvendors.
linkbar(n)~Acollectionofgraphicortextbuttonsrepresentinghyperlinkstopagesboth
withinyourWebsiteandtoexternalsites.
linkchain(n)~Aseriesofredirectingweblinksthataredesignedtohidemalicious
websites.
linkcolumn(n)~Inarowdefinitionofareport,thecolumnthatcontainsthelinksto
dimensionsandexternalworksheetfilesthatwillbeusedinareport.
LinkControlProtocol(n)~APPPcontrolprotocolthatnegotiateslinkandPPP
parameterstodynamicallyconfigurethedata-linklayerofaPPPconnection.
LinkDataSourcesWizard(n)~Awizarddialogtitletocreatealinkeddatasource,
whereyoucanlinkmultipledatasourcesintoonesingledatasourcesuchastwodifferent
tablesinaSQLdatabase.
linkextension(n)~AWebDeployfeaturethatmakesitpossibletoperformadditional
customtasksduringdeployment.
linklayer(n)~ThelowestlayeroftheInternetProtocols,concernedwiththephysical
interconnectionofcomputers.
LinkLibraryDependency(n)~Anoptiontodictatethebuildertoautomaticallypassthe
libraryasaninputtothelinker.
linkline(n)~OntheGanttChartandNetworkDiagram,thelinethatappearsbetweentwo
taskstoindicateataskdependency.
linkpath(n)~Thedescriptiveform,orexplicitconnectingpoints,ofreferringtothe
locationofalinksource.
Linkredirect(n)~AtabnameintheGeneralSettingsdialogthatenablestheuserto
specifiyapublic,publishedURLtowhichclientswillberedirectedwhenlinksin
publshedWebcontentnavigatetoanunpublishedpage.
linktime(adj)~Theperiodduringwhichaprogramisbeinglinked.
LinkTimeCodeGeneration(n)~Anoptionthattellsthelinkertocallthecompilerand
performwholeprogramoptimization.
LinktoRecord(v)~Abutton,locatedintheBusinessContactManagergroup,that
enablestheusertolinkanitemtoarecord.
linktranslationmapping(n)~Amappingthattranslatestheinternalname(orIPaddress)
ofaWebsitetothepublicname(orIPaddress)oftheWebsite.
linktype(n)~Thetypeoftaskdependency.ThefourdependencytypesareFinish-to-start
[FS],Finish-to-finish[FF],Start-to-start[SS],andStart-to-finish[SF].
LinkAccess(n)~AfeaturethatallowsaccesstoSharePointdocumentsandsitesand
documentsonsharesinsideofacorporatenetworkthroughOutlookWebAccesswhenit
isusedremotely.
linkeddimension(n)~Areferenceinacubetoadimensioninadifferentcube(thatis,a
cubewithadifferentdatasourceviewthatexistsinthesameoradifferentAnalysis
Servicesdatabase).Alinkeddimensioncanonlyberelatedtomeasuregroupsinthe
sourcecube,andcanonlybeeditedinthesourcedatabase.
linkedID(n)~AWindowsLiveIDthatisconnectedtoatleastoneotherWindowsLive
ID.WhencustomerslinkIDs,theycansigninwithoneIDandswitchtootherswithout
havingtosignoutfromthefirst.CustomerssetuplinkedIDsinWindowsLiveAccount.
linkedinbox(n)~Alistoftwoormoreemailinboxesthathavebeenlinkedsothatusers
canviewtheiremailfromalllinkedaccountsatthesametime.Theaccountsthemselves
arenotcombined.
linkedlist(n)~Adatastructureconsistingofnodesorelementsconnectedbypointers.A
singlylinkedlisthasonepointerineachnode,pointingtothenextnodeinthelist;a
doublylinkedlisthastwopointersineachnode,pointingtothenextandpreviousnodes.
Inacircularlist,thefirstandlastnodesofthelistarelinkedtogether.
linkedmeasuregroup(n)~Areferenceinacubetoameasuregroupinadifferentcube
(thatis,acubewithadifferentdatasourceviewthatexistsinthesameoradifferent
AnalysisServicesdatabase).Alinkedmeasuregroupcanonlybeeditedinthesource
database.
linkedobject(n)~Anobjectthatisinsertedintoadocumentbutstillexistsinthesource
file.Wheninformationislinked,thenewdocumentisupdatedautomaticallyifthe
informationintheoriginaldocumentchanges.
linkedpicture(n)~Apicturethatlinkstoahigh-resolutionimagefilethatisstored
outsideofthepublicationfile.Ifthelinkedpictureischangedinanimage-editing
program,youcanupdatethelinkedpictureinthepublicationfile.
linkedproject(n)~Aprojectthatcontainstaskdependenciestoandfromtasksinother
projectfiles.Alinktoataskinanotherprojectisrepresentedwithaplaceholderorghost
task.
linkedserver(n)~AdefinitionofanOLEDBdatasourceusedbySQLServerdistributed
queries.ThelinkedserverdefinitionspecifiestheOLEDBproviderrequiredtoaccessthe
data,andincludesenoughaddressinginformationfortheOLEDBprovidertoconnectto
thedata.
linkedstylesheet(n)~Atypeofcascadingstylesheetthatexistsinaseparatefileandis
referencedthroughoutoneormoreWebpages.
linkedtable(n)~AnOLEDBrowsetexposedbyanOLEDBdatasourcethathasbeen
definedasalinkedserverforuseinSQLServerdistributedqueries.
linkedvirtualharddisk(n)~Avirtualharddiskthatpointstoandusesanentirephysical
diskforthepurposeofconvertingadatadisktoavirtualharddisk.Youcannotturnona
virtualmachineifalinkeddiskisattachedtothevirtualmachine.
LinkedIn~asocialnetworkingsite(www.linkedin.com)designedforbusiness
professionalstouseforworkcontactsandcommunication.
linker(n)~Aprogramthatlinkscompiledmodulesanddatafilestocreateanexecutable
program.Alinkercanalsohaveotherfunctions,suchascreatinglibraries.
linking(oth)~Inaproject,establishingadependencybetweentasks.Linkingtasks
definesadependencybetweentheirstartandfinishdates.InOLE,establishinga
connectionbetweenprogramssothatdatainonedocumentisupdatedwhenitchangesin
another.
linking(n)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstoeasilyaddlinkstocontentwithinothercontent
(e.g.pages,sections,sectiongroups)andprovidesquicknavigationthroughtheselinks.
Thefeatureoperatesinthesamemannerthatlinksworkinwikis.
linkingtable(n)~Atablethathasassociationswithtwoothertables,andisused
indirectlyasanassociationbetweenthosetwotables.
LinksWebPart(n)~AcustomizablecomponentoftheMicrosoftOfficeLiveWebsite
thatallowsuserstoplacealistoflinkstootherWebsitesontheirWebpages.
link-statedatabase(n)~AmapofanareamaintainedbyOSPFrouters.Itisupdatedafter
anychangeinthenetworktopology.ThelinkstatedatabaseisusedtocomputeIProutes,
whichmustbecomputedagainafteranychangeinthetopology.Seealso:adjacency;
OpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF)
LINQ(n)~Aquerysyntaxthatdefinesasetofqueryoperatorsthatallowtraversal,filter,
andprojectionoperationstobeexpressedinadirect,declarativewayinany.NET-based
programminglanguage.
LINQpattern(n)~ThesetofstandardqueryoperatorsthatisavailableinallLINQ
queries,andtherulesthatdefinethestructureofaLINQquery.
LINQprovider(n)~AlibrarythatimplementsthefunctionalityoftheStandardQuery
Operatorsforaspecifickindofdatasource.TheLINQproviderrunsthequeryorpassesit
tosomeotherexecutionengine.
LINQtoADO.NET(PN)~Atechnologythatmakesitpossibletoqueryoverany
enumerableobjectinADO.NETbyusingtheLINQprogrammingmodel.LINQto
ADO.NETconsistsofthreerelatedLINQtechnologies:LINQtoDataSet,LINQtoSQL,
andLINQtoEntities.
LINQtoDataSet(PN)~ALINQtechnologythatmakesiteasierandfastertoqueryover
datacachedinaDataSetobject.Thequeriesareexpressedintheprogramminglanguage
itselfandnotasstringliteralsembeddedintheapplicationcode.
LINQtoEntities(PN)~ALINQtechnologythatenablesdeveloperstocreateflexible,
stronglytypedqueriesagainsttheEntityFrameworkbyusingLINQexpressionsandthe
LINQStandardQueryOperators.
LINQtoObjects(PN)~TheuseofLINQtoqueryin-memorydatasuchasarraysand
lists.
LINQtoSQL(PN)~ALINQtechnologythatprovidesarun-timeinfrastructurefor
managingrelationaldataasobjects.InLINQtoSQL,thedatamodelofarelational
databaseismappedtoanobjectmodelexpressedintheprogramminglanguageofthe
developer.
LINQtoXML(PN)~Anin-memoryprogramminginterfacethatmakesitpossibleto
workwithXMLfromwithinthe.NETFrameworkprogramminglanguages.
Linux~ArivalPC-operatingsystem-toMicrosoftWindows,butunlikeWindowsitis
‘opensource’,whichmeansthatanyonecancreatetheirownversionofitwithouthaving
topayroyalties,andrequiresamuchlesspowerfulcomputer.Initiallyrequiredalotof
technicalknowledge,butisrapidlybeingmademuchmore-user-friendly.
Linux(-€œLinus’UNIX-€?)~AwidelyusedOpenSourceUnix-likeoperatingsystem.
LinuxwasfirstreleasedbyitsinventorLinusTorvaldsin1991.Thereareversionsof
Linuxforalmosteveryavailabletypeofcomputerhardwarefromdesktopmachinesto
IBMmainframes.
LinuxSupport(n)~TheMicrosoftAzuresupportplanforcertainLinuxofferings
availablethroughtheAzureGallery.ForsomeLinuxofferings,supportisprovidedbythe
publisherfreeofcharge.ForotherLinuxofferings,thereisachargefortherightto
receivesupportforLinuxVMsbytheminute.
LIP(PN)~Add-insoftwarethatprovidespartiallylocalizeduserinterfacesforparticular
computerprogramsinlanguagesnotsupportedbylocalizedversionsofthoseprograms.
lipidprofile(n)~Apatternoflipidsintheblood.Itusuallyincludesthelevelsoftotal
cholesterol,high-densitylipoprotein(HDL)cholesterol,triglycerides,andthecalculated
low-densitylipoprotein(LDL)‘cholesterol.
liquidasset(n)~Anassetthatiscashoreasilyconvertedintocash.
liquidcrystaldisplay(n)~Atypeofdisplaythatusesaliquidcompoundhavingapolar
molecularstructure,sandwichedbetweentwotransparentelectrodes.Whenanelectric
fieldisapplied,themoleculesalignwiththefield,formingacrystallinearrangementthat
polarizesthelightpassingthroughit.Apolarizedfilterlaminatedovertheelectrodes
blockspolarizedlight.Inthisway,agridofelectrodescanselectivelyturnon’acell
liquidity(n)~Theabilityofapartytousecurrentassetstosettlecurrentliabilities.
liquidityaccount(n)~Aledgeraccountthatrecordscashtransactionsforaparticular
bankorforcashheldatthecompany.Forsomecompanies,aliquidityaccountrecords
transactionsinliquidinvestmentsthatcanbesoldfromdaytoday.
liquidityclassification(n)~Asystematicorganizationoftimeintervalsthatpredictthe
liquidityofaparty.
liquidityratio(n)~Theproportionofaparty’scurrentassetsthatcanbeusedtosettle
currentliabilities.
list(v)~Tomakeorincludeinalist.
list(n)~Acollectionoflinkstoitems(suchasfiles,folders,orevenotherlists).Youcan
createalisttohelpyoufindororganizeinformationonyourcomputer.
list(n)~Atableofrecordslocatedinthemainareaforeachentityintheuserinterface.
List(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayouttypethatincludeslayoutsdesignedtoshow
nonsequentialinformation.
list(n)~Asiteelementthatstoresanddisplaysacollectionofdatathatteammembersand
othersiteuserscanshare.
list(n)~Anadministrator-definedcustomizationthatenablesuserstoclassifyobjectssuch
asincidents,changerequests,activities,orconfigurationitems.Forexample,alistmight
beLocation’or‘Organization.”
list(n)~AmodulesomeonecanaddtotheirWindowsLiveSpacetocontainpersonal
interestitemssuchasmusic,books,andmovies.
listbox(n)~AcontrolinWindowsthatenablestheusertochooseoneoptionfromalist
ofpossibilities.
ListBuilder(PN)~Anonlineserviceforyourmarketingcampaignthatallowsyouto
acquireandmanagee-maillists,andtotracktheresults.
ListBuilderSubscriber(n)~Anindividualwhohasindicatedhisorherdesiretobeona
mailinglist.
listcontrol(n)~Acontrolonaform,thatrepeatsasneeded,intowhichuserscanenter
text.Thecontrolcanbeformattedasabulleted,numbered,orplainlist.
listframe(n)~AborderthatoutlinesthelistthatismaintainedbytheListManager.
listindex(n)~Thesequenceofnumbersforitemsinalist,startingwith0forthefirst
item,1fortheseconditem,andsoforth.
listitem(n)~Anoptionthatconstrainsthevaluesthatuserscanenterforaspecificlist.
Forexample,Redmond’mightbealistitemfor‘Location.”
ListManager(PN)~Afeaturethatmaintainslistsassimpledatabasesconsistingofrows
andcolumnscontainedwithinalistframe.Thismakesiteasytokeeplistsseparate,
maintaindataintegrity,andfindthedatayouwant.
listplace(n)~Anavigationplacethatcontainsalistinthecontentareaandwheretheuser
cansearch,filter,selectandperformactionsonmultipleentities.
ListPublisher(PN)~AmoduleusedtopublishaBusinessApplicationsorContact
Managerlistontoyourpublic-facingWebsiteandtodesignitslayout.Changestothelist
areautomaticallydisplayedonthepublicWebpage.
ListRelationships(PN)~Afeaturethatsupportsreferentialintegritybetweentwolists
viathelookupfield.
listseparator(n)~Acharacterthatseparatesitemsinalist.
listsheet(n)~Aworksheetthatisdedicatedtoasinglelist,whichismaintainedbythe
ListManager.
listview(n)~AcommonWindowscontrolthatallowsuserstoviewandinteractwitha
collectionofdataobjects,usingeithersingleselectionormultipleselection.
Listview(n)~AUIelementthatenablesausertodisplayWorkstasksinlistformat.
ListViewThreshold(PN)~AthresholdintheResourceThrottlingfeaturethatspecifies
themaximumnumberofitemsthatadatabaseoperationcaninvolveatonetime.
Operationsthatexceedthislimitareprohibited.
listen(v)~Towaitforincomingtraffic,callsorconnectionrequestsonaport.
listeneradapter(n)~AcomponentthatestablishescommunicationbetweentheWindows
ProcessActivationService(WASW)andprotocollisteners,suchasHTTP.sys.Thisallows
listenerstogetconfigurationinformationaboutapplicationsandnamespacestheymonitor.
ListeneradaptersalsonotifytheWindowsProcessActivationServiceaboutincoming
messagesforapplicationsthathavenotconnectedtoaworkerprocess.
ListeningMOS(n)~ApredictionofthewidebandlisteningqualityMOS(MOS-LQ))of
theaudiostreamthatisplayedtotheuser.Thisvaluetakesintoaccounttheaudiofidelity
anddistortionandspeechandnoiselevels.
listeningqualityMOS(n)~WithintheVoIPindustry,acommonlyusedclassofMOS
valuesthatmeasuresthequalityofaudioforlisteningpurposesonly,withouttakinginto
accountanybidirectionaleffects,suchasdelayandecho.
listing(n)~Aprintedcopyofprogramsourcecode.Somecompilersandassemblers
produceoptionalassemblylistingsduringcompilationorassembly.Suchlistingsofcode
oftenhaveadditionalinformationsuchaslinenumbers,nestedblockdepth,andcross-
referencetables.Seealsoassemblylisting.
listingtype(n)~Thetypeofapplicationthatadeveloperwantstopublishorlistina
Microsoftmarketplace;forexample,anAppforOffice,anAppforSharePoint,ora
MicrosoftAzureCatalogApp.
list-separatorcharacter(n)~Acharacter,usuallyacommaorsemicolon,thatseparates
elementsinalist.
LISTSERV~acommercialsoftwarepackageforoperatinge-mailmailinglistsand
discussiongroups,producedbyL-SoftInternational(www.lsoft.com)
ListView(PN)~AWindowsUIcontrolthatenableseasycreationandmanagementofa
datacollectionusingweb-basedtechnologies.
literal(n)~Avalueusedexactlyasyouseeit.Forexample,thenumber25andthestring
Hello’arebothliterals.’
literalcontent(n)~Thecontentinsideanelement’sopeningandclosingtags.This
contentisnotparsedorrenderedbyMSHTML.
literaltypecharacter(n)~Atextualrepresentationofaparticularvalueofadatatype.
Forexample,2147483647representsavalueofintegerdatatype.
litigationhold(n)~Afeaturethatallowsthepreservationofitemsinusermailboxesand
theprotectionoftheitemsfromdeletionbyusersorautomatedprocesses.
littleendian(adj)~Pertainingtoaprocessormemoryarchitecturethatstoresnumbersso
thattheleastsignificantbyteisplacedfirst.
Live(PN)~Thecloudservicethatenablesuserstocommunicateandcollaboratewith
peopleonlineandaccesstheirconversations,photos,documents,contacts,appointments,
settings,andservicesacrossPC,phone,andotherdevices.
LiveApp(PN)~AnyappfromtheapplistwithStartscreentilenotifications.
livechatcustomersupport(n)~Aclientservicewhereuserscanaskforhelpviaalive
chatandacustomersupportagentwillanswer.
LiveConnect(PN)~TheprogramthatenablesdeveloperstoconnecttoLiveandeasily
useMicrosoftaccount,OneDrive,Hotmail,andMessengerwithintheirapps,websites,
anddevices.LiveConnectprovidesasetofstandards-basedAPIsandthedownloadable
LiveSDK.
liveeffect(n)~Afilterthatchangestheappearanceofobjects(e.g.vectors,texts,or
bitmappedobjects)dependingontheeffecttypechosen.Itisreferredtoaslive’effect
LiveEncoderInputHours(n)~Aresourceofthe‘MediaServices’servicetypeofthe
‘Media’service.
liveexport(n)~Theprocessofexportingavirtualmachineanditssnapshotswhilethe
virtualmachineisrunning.
LiveFileSystem(n)~AfilestoragesystemthatcanbeusedtocreateCDsandDVDs.
DiscsformattedwithLiveFileSystemallowyoutocopyfilestothediscatanytime,
insteadofcopying(burning)themallatonce.
LiveFolder(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsuserstogrouptilesandLiveTilesontheStart
Screenandkeepappsbetterorganized.
LiveIcon(n)~AscalablethumbnailusedthroughoutWindowsVistathatallowsusersto
seethefirstpageofdocuments,theactualimageofaphoto,orthealbumartforindividual
songsinamusiccollection.
livelayout(n)~Alayoutthatisupdatedinrealtimeasanobjectonthepageismoved,
resized,orrotated,enablingtheusertopreviewtheendresultbeforetheactionis
completed.
LiveLockScreen(PN)~Alockscreenfeaturingdynamicallyupdatedcontent.
LiveLockScreenapp(PN)~Anapplicationthateithertakesadvantageoftheabilityto
setadynamicwallpaperorthattakesadvantageofthenewlockextensibilityframework
(examplesincludetheMetroRefreshandInkingapplications).
LiveMeetingadministrator(n)~Apersonwhoassignsuseraccountsandmanagesthe
LiveMeetingserviceforanorganization.
LiveMeetingconsole(n)~Thearrayofwindowsandtoolsthatdisplayoneach
participant’swebbrowserwhenaLiveMeetingsessionisinprogress.
LiveMeetingManager(n)~AWeb-basedtoolthatisusedtoaccessandmanage
meetingsandrecordings,joinmeetings,andchangeLiveMeetinguserpreferences.
LiveMeetingReplay(n)~AmeetingrecordingformatthatincludesSharingslidesand
annotationswiththerecording.
LiveMeetingsession(n)~AmeetingthatisconductedbyusingLiveMeeting,whethera
scheduledmeetingoraMeetNowmeeting.
LiveMesh(PN)~A-€œsoftware-plus-services-€?platformandexperiencethatenables
PCsandotherdevicesto-€œcomealive-€?bymakingthemawareofeachotherthrough
theInternet,enablingindividualsandorganizationstomanage,access,andsharetheirfiles
andapplicationsseamlesslyontheWebandacrosstheirworldofdevices.
LiveMigration(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsarunningvirtualmachineinstancetobe
movedfromonephysicalmachinetoanotherphysicalmachinewithminimaldowntime.
livemigration(n)~Theprocessofmovingarunningvirtualmachinefromonephysical
computertoanotherwithoutnoticeabledowntime.
LivePreview(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutopreviewtheappearanceofaformatting
optionorcommandbeforeactuallyapplyingittoselectedtextorobjects.
liveregion(n)~Aperceivableregionofawebpagethatistypicallyupdatedasaresultof
anexternaleventwhenuserfocusmaybeelsewhere.
LiveSDK(PN)~Theactualsoftwarebitsavailabletodeveloperstoenablethemtouse
theLiveConnectprogram.
LiveServices(PN)~AportfolioofMicrosoftproducts,specificallyadCenter,OfficeLive,
WindowsLive.
livesession(n)~Asessioninwhichmultipleuserscanworktogetherandseeeachother’s
changesimmediately.
LiveSharingSession(n)~Asessioninwhichmultipleuserscanworktogetherandsee
eachother’schangesimmediately.
LiveSmoothStreaming(PN)~AfeatureforMicrosoftInternetInformationServices
(IIS)7.0orgreaterthatdeliversfragmentsfromlivestreamstoSmoothStreaming-
compatibleclientsbyusingaproprietaryMicrosoftimplementationoftheadaptive
streamingformat.
livestreaming(n)~Afeaturethatenablessharingvideowithotherusersliveoverthe
Internet.
LiveTile(PN)~AtilethatupdatesdynamicallytoshowcontentdirectlyfromtheStart
screen.
Live@eduOrganization(PN)~Anewfeaturesetavailabletoeducationalinstitutions
enrolledintheLive@eduofferingthatareusingOutlookLive.Thisnewfeatureset
providessignificantadministrativeflexibilityandisthedefaultforallnewLive@edu
customerswhoselectOutlookLive.
LMAO~(LaughingMyAssOff)-Internetslang.
LMDT(n)~ThetimestampofthemostrecentmodificationofaNavisionentity.The
modifiedentriesareretrievedfromtheChangeLog.IftheLastModifiedDate/Timeis
olderthanthelastsynchronizationtime,thenentitieswillnotbesynchronized.IfTheLast
ModifiedDate/Timeismorerecent,thesynchronizationwillbeperformed.
LMZL(PN)~AWindowssecurityfeatureforInternetExplorerthatsecurestheLocal
MachineZonebytighteningrestrictionsonseveralURLactions.Anytimeoneofthese
URLactionsisattempted,anewsecurityuserinterface(UI)element,calledthe
InformationBar,appears.TheusercanclicktheInformationBartoremovethelockdown
fromtherestrictedcontent.
load(n)~Thetotalcomputingburdenasystemcarriesatonetime.
load(n)~Themaximumamountofactivitythatcanbeperformedbyaresourceinatime
period.
loadbalance(v)~Toredistributeworktoavailableresourcesortorescheduletoavailable
times.
loadbalancer(n)~Adeviceorsoftwarethatdistributestheworkbetweenseveral
computers,processes,harddisks,orotherresourcestogetoptimalresourceutilization.A
networkloadbalancer,inthecontextofApplicationRequestRouting,isaproxy-based
loadbalancerthatdistributesnetworktrafficamongseveralWebservers.
LoadBalancer(PN)~ALayer-4(TCP,UDP)typeloadbalancerthatdistributesincoming
trafficamonghealthyserviceinstancesincloudservicesorvirtualmachinesdefinedina
loadbalancerset.
loadbalancing(n)~Indistributedprocessing,thedistributionofactivityacrosstwoor
moreserversinordertoavoidoverloadinganyonewithtoomanyrequestsfromusers.
loadbalancing(n)~Inclient/servernetworkadministration,theprocessofreducing
heavytrafficflowseitherbydividingabusynetworksegmentintomultiplesmaller
segmentsorbyusingsoftwaretodistributetrafficamongmultiplenetworkinterfacecards
workingsimultaneouslytotransferinformationtoaserver.
loadbalancing~Inrouting,thecapabilityofaroutertodistributetrafficoverallits
networkportsthatarethesamedistancefromthedestinationaddress.Goodload-
balancingalgorithmsusebothlinespeedandreliabilityinformation.
loadpattern(n)~Thenumberofvirtualusersthatareactiveduringaloadtestandthe
rateatwhichnewusersarestarted.
loadplanning(n)~Theprocessofscheduling,picking,packing,andconsolidatingoneor
moreshipmentsofwarehouseinventoryitemsfortransportationanddelivery.
loadprofile(n)~Thesimulatedworkloadforaloadorstresstest.Theloadprofilecanbe
constantorincreaseddynamicallythroughstepping.
loadsimulation(n)~Anattempttomodeltheeffectofmanyusersaccessingaserverat
thesametime.Loadtestsdonotgenerateactualloadwithactualusers,butrather
simulatedloadwithvirtualusers.
loadtest(n)~Atestthatstudiesthebehavioroftheprogramwhenitisworkingatits
limits.Typesofloadtestsincludevolumetests,stresstests,andstoragetests.Volumetests
studythelargesttaskstheprogramcandealwith.Stresstestsstudytheprogram’sresponse
topeakburstsofactivity.Storagetestsstudyhowmemoryandspaceisusedbythe
program,eitherinresidentmemoryorondisk.Atestthatisdesignedtoputaserver
applicationunderheavyuserloadtopinpointperformanceand/orscalabilityproblems.
LoadTestAnalyzer(n)~AVisualStudiowindowthatdisplaysresultsofanyloadtest
run,afterithasrun.Itisusedtoexamineanyloadtestresultsthathavealreadyended.
LoadTestEditor(n)~TheVisualStudioeditorinwhicha.loadtestfileisopened.It
displaysatreestructureofnodes.
LoadTestMonitor(n)~AVisualStudiowindowthatdisplaysresultsduringaloadtest
run.
loadtestscenario(n)~Ascenariousedtomodelhowagroupofusersinteractswitha
serverapplication.Ascenarioconsistsofatestmix,aloadprofile,anetworkmix,anda
browsermix.Aloadtestcanhavemorethanonescenario.
LoadTestWizard(n)~Awizardthatguidesyouthroughtheprocessofcreatingaload
test.
loadtesting(n)~Testingatorbeyondthelimitsofaspecifiedrequirementtounderstand
itsbehaviorandfailuretriggerpoints.
LoadTestingVUserMinutes(PN)~Theofferthatenablesuserstocreateloadtestsin
VisualStudioUltimate2013(orlater)andrunthemonVisualStudioOnline.Loadtests
aremeasuredandbilledinvirtualuserminutes.
loadedsite(n)~AWebsitethathasalotofcontentandisvisuallyattractive.
loader(n)~Autilitythatloadstheexecutablecodeofaprogramintomemoryfor
execution.Onmostmicrocomputers,theloaderisaninvisiblepartoftheoperatingsystem
andisautomaticallyinvokedwhenaprogramisrun.
loadingscreen(n)~Thescreenthatappearswhilethesystemisloadinganapplication
thatauserhasselected.Theloadingscreendisplaysawaitindicatoruntiltheapplication
starts.
LOB(n)~Thetypeofenterpriseinwhichbusinessesororganizationsareengaged.
LOBdata(n)~AnypieceofdataoriginatedinortargetedtobeprocessedbytheLOB
system.
LOBentity(n)~AdatastructureexposedbytheLOBsystemconsistingofasetof
relatedfieldsgroupedtogetherunderauniqueID.
LOBId(n)~AnidentifierusedbytheLOBsystemtoperformcreate,update,anddelete
operationsonanLOBentity.ThisidentifierisuniqueperLOBentitytype,butmaynotbe
uniqueacrossdifferenttypes,solutions,andLOBsystems.
LOBservice(n)~AservicethatexposesaccesstoLOBdatasources
lobby(n)~Avirtualwaitingareawhereconferencecallinviteesareheldbeforethe
conferenceisactivated.Theinviteesperceivethattheyareonhold.
lobbypage(n)~Apageofinformationaboutthebroadcastthatisdisplayedinthe
viewer’sbrowserbeforethebroadcastbegins.Itcancontainatitle,subject,host’sname,
informationaboutthebroadcast,andacountdowntothetimeofthebroadcast.
local(adj)~Inprogramming,avariablethatisrestrictedinscope,thatis,usedinonlyone
part(subprogram,procedure,orfunction)ofaprogram.
localadministratorsgroup(n)~Thegroupofuserswhohavepermissiontoperform
administrationtasksonthelocalservercomputer.Thepermissionsforthisgroupareset
byusingtheadministrationtoolsfortheoperatingsystem.
localareanetwork(n)~Anetworkofcomputers,printers,andotherdeviceslocated
withinarelativelylimitedarea(forexample,abuilding).ALANenablesanyconnected
devicetointeractwithanyotheronthenetwork.
localareatransport(n)~ADEC-specific,non-routablenetworkprotocoldesignedto
provideconnectionbetweenremotedesktopserversandDEChosts.
localcache(n)~Afeaturethatenablesdeserializedcopiesofcachedobjectstobesavedin
thememoryofthesameprocessthatrunsthecache-enabledapplication.
localcall(n)~Acallmadeinacustomer’sgeographicareathatdoesnotcarryany
additionaltollcharges.Thelocalcallareacanbeaneighborhood,acityorevenacountry.
localcomputer(n)~Thecomputerthatyouarecurrentlyloggedontoasauser.More
generally,alocalcomputerisacomputerthatyoucanaccessdirectlywithoutusinga
communicationslineoracommunicationsdevice,suchasanetworkadapteroramodem.
LocalContentDiagnosticProvider(PN)~Thesetoflogicwhichexposesinformation
aboutdiagnosticcontentstoredlocallyontheenduser’smachinetotheAggregate
DiagnosticProvider.
localcontext(n)~AsecuritycontextinWindowsthatcontrolscapabilities.Windows
StoreappswritteninHTML/JavaScriptcancontaincontentstoredinalocalorweb
context.ScriptfilesacquiredfromtheWindowsStore(andoriginallypackagedwiththe
application)canaccessWinRTAPIsbutcontentdynamicallydownloadedfromtheweb
runswithrestrictedcapabilities,muchlikethoseaffordedtobrowser-basedscripttoday.
localcontinuousreplication(n)~Areplicationthatusesasingleserverandbuilt-in
technologytocreateandmaintainacopyofastoragegrouponasecondsetofdisksthat
areconnectedtothesameserverastheprimarystoragegroup.LCRprovides
asynchronouslogshipping,logreplay,andaquickmanualswitchtoacopyofthedata.
localcopy(n)~Acopyofafilestoredinauser’sworkingfolderonthelocalcomputer.
Thelocalcopydiffersfromthemastercopyifthelocalcopyischangedsincethelast
checkout,orifthemastercopyischangedbyanotheruserwhilethelocalcopyischecked
out.
localcube(n)~Acubesavedtoalocalcomputerandnotconnectedtoadatasource.
localdata(oth)~AsetofobjectsthatareautomaticallycreatedbyConfiguration
Manager.Thisdataisnotreplicatedtoothersites.
localdatabase(n)~Alocalcopyofasharedremotedatabase,whichyouworkinonyour
computer,andwhichisperiodicallysynchronizedwiththeremotedatabase.
localDistributor(n)~AserverthatisconfiguredasbothaPublisherandaDistributorfor
SQLServerReplication.
localecho(n)~Aterminalsettingthatenablesalltransmittedinformationtobe
immediatelydisplayedontheterminal’sscreen.
localformatting(n)~Individualformattingattributessuchaslinewidth,fillcolor,orfont
size,thatyouapplytoaselectedshapebyusingacommandontheFormatmenu,suchas
Line,Fill,orText.
localformula(n)~Aformulathatisstoredinacellofashapeinsteadofbeinginherited
fromamasterorastyle.Alocalformulaoverrideschangestothecorrespondingcellinthe
masterofwhichtheshapeisaninstance.
localgroup(n)~Asecuritygroupthatcanbegrantedrightsandpermissionsonlyto
resourcesonthecomputeronwhichthegroupiscreated.Localgroupscanhaveanyuser
accountsthatarelocaltothecomputerasmembers,aswellasusers,groups,and
computersfromadomaintowhichthecomputerbelongs.
LocalGroupPolicyEditor(PN)~TheMicrosoftManagementConsolesnap-inusedto
editGroupPolicyobjects.
locallistings(n)~BingLocalletsusersfindbusinessesnearthem,ornearwherethey
wanttogo.
localmachine(n)~Thecomputerthatyouarecurrentlyloggedontoasauser.More
generally,alocalcomputerisacomputerthatyoucanaccessdirectlywithoutusinga
communicationslineoracommunicationsdevice,suchasanetworkadapteroramodem.
LocalMachineZoneLockdown(PN)~AWindowssecurityfeatureforInternetExplorer
thatsecurestheLocalMachineZonebytighteningrestrictionsonseveralURLactions.
AnytimeoneoftheseURLactionsisattempted,anewsecurityuserinterface(UI)
element,calledtheInformationBar,appears.TheusercanclicktheInformationBarto
removethelockdownfromtherestrictedcontent.
localmessaging(n)~InSilverlight,afeaturethatenablescommunicationbetweentwo
Silverlight-basedapplicationsrunningonthesamecomputer.
localobject(n)~Atable,query,form,report,macro,ormodulethatremainsinthereplica
orDesignMasterwhereitwascreated.Neithertheobjectnorchangestotheobjectare
copiedtoothermembersinthereplicaset.
localoverride(n)~Aformulathatisstoredinacellofashapeinsteadofbeinginherited
fromamasterorastyle.Alocalformulaoverrideschangestothecorrespondingcellinthe
masterofwhichtheshapeisaninstance.
LocalPack(n)~Apackageofmarket-specificcontentdeliveredinWindowsfor20target
markets.ALocalPackcontainsmarket-customizedthemes(wallpapers,soundschemes,
etc.)andlocallyflavoredInternetExplorerfavoritesandRSSfeeds.
localpartitionedview(n)~Aviewthatjoinshorizontallypartitioneddatafromasetof
membertablesacrossasingleserver,makingthedataappearasiffromonetable.
localprinter(n)~Aprinterthatisdirectlyconnectedtooneoftheportsonacomputer.
localprocedurecall(n)~Amessage-passingserviceprovidedbyWindowsNTthat
allowsclientprocesses(i.e.applications)andsubsystemstocommunicatewitheachother
onthesamecomputer.
localproperty(n)~Anon-systempropertydefinedforaclass,butnotinheritedfroma
superclass.
LocalProvisioningSystem(n)~AWindowscomponentthatresidesintheoperating
systemandenforcespay-as-you-goandsubscriptionmeteringrules.
localregistrationauthority(n)~Anintermediarybetweenasoftwarepublisheranda
certificationauthority(CA).Thelocalregistrationauthoritycan,forexample,verifya
publisher’scredentialsbeforesendingthemtotheCA.
localreplica(n)~Areplicathatexchangesdatawithitshuboraglobalreplica,butnot
withotherreplicasinthereplicaset.
localreport(n)~AnExcelfilethathasbeensavedtotheuser’slocalfilesystem.
localroamingboundary(n)~Aroamingboundaryinwhichthesitedistributionpoints
arelocal(well-connected)totheAdvancedClientandsoftwarepackagesareavailable
locallytothatclient.
LocalScout(PN)~AfeatureaccessedfromSearchorMapsthatdisplaysthingstosee
anddo,shopping,andrestaurantsinauser’scurrentlocationandthesurroundingarea.
localsecurityauthority(n)~Aprotectedsubsystemthatauthenticatesandlogsuserson
tothelocalcomputer.Inaddition,theLSAmaintainsinformationaboutallaspectsoflocal
securityonacomputer(collectivelyknownasthelocalsecuritypolicy),anditprovides
variousservicesfortranslationbetweennamesandidentifiers.
LocalSecurityAuthoritySubsystemService(PN)~Aninterfaceformanaginglocal
security,domainauthentication,andActiveDirectoryprocesses.Ithandlesauthentication
fortheclientandfortheserver.ItalsocontainsfeaturesthatareusedtosupportActive
Directoryutilities.
localserver(n)~AnOLEserverobjectimplementedasanexecutablefilethatrunsonthe
samecomputerastheclientapplication.Becausetheserverapplicationisanexecutable
file,itrunsinitsownprocess.
localservice(n)~Aservicethatperformsaspecificfunctionforotherlocalprocesseson
thecomputer.
localstorage(n)~FortheWindowsServer2003family,NTFSfilesystemdiskvolumes
usedasprimarydatastorage.SuchdiskvolumescanbemanagedbyRemoteStorageby
copyinginfrequentlyaccessedfilestoremote(secondary)storage.
localstorageresource(n)~Areserveddirectoryinthefilesystemofavirtualmachine
thatisrunninganinstanceofacloudservicerole.
localstorageservices(n)~TheBlob,Queue,andTableservicesrunningintheMicrosoft
Azurestorageemulator.
localstyle(n)~Astyleortemplatethatisdefinedintheactivedocument.
localsubscription(n)~Asubscriptiontoamergepublicationthatusesthepriorityvalue
ofthePublisherforconflictdetectionandresolution.
LocalSystemaccount(n)~Apredefinedlocalaccountthatisusedtostartaserviceand
providethesecuritycontextforthatservice.
localtermset(n)~Atermsetthatiscreatedwhenauserdefinesacolumn.
localtypeinference(n)~Aprocessinwhichthecompilerinfersthetypeofalocal
variablethatisdeclaredwiththevarkeywordinC#orwithoutanAsclauseinVisual
Basic.Thecompilerinfersthetypeofthevariablefromthetypeoftheinitializer
expression.
localuser(n)~Apersonwhousesacomputerthatisnotconnectedtoanetwork.Alocal
userismostlikelysomeoneusingacomputerathome.
localuseraccount(n)~Auseraccountonaspecificcomputer.Alocaluseraccountis
availableonlyonthecomputerwherethelocalaccountisdefined
localuserprofile(n)~Acomputer-basedrecordaboutanauthorizeduserthatiscreated
automaticallyonthecomputerthefirsttimeauserlogsontoaworkstationorserver
computer.
localvariable(n)~Aprogramvariablewhosescopeislimitedtoagivenblockofcode,
usuallyasubroutine.
LocalVideo(n)~AbuttoninaVideoconversationthatdisplaysthevideofeedfromthe
user’scomputer.
localvolume(n)~Anareaofstoragethatislocatedlocally.
locale(n)~Acollectionofrulesanddataspecifictoalanguageandageographicarea.
Localesincludeinformationonsortingrules,dateandtimeformatting,numericand
monetaryconventions,andcharacterclassification.
localeID(n)~A32-bitvaluewhichconsistsofthelanguageIDinthelowword(bits0-
15)andthesortingID(bits16-19)andareservedvalue(bits20-31)inthehighword.
localeidentifier(n)~A32-bitvaluewhichconsistsofthelanguageIDinthelowword
(bits0-15)andthesortingID(bits16-19)andareservedvalue(bits20-31)inthehigh
word.
localhost(n)~ThenameusedtorepresentthesamecomputeronwhichaTCP/IPmessage
originates.Ifyouaccessaserver-basedwebsitebyusinghttp://localhost,therequestdoes
notactuallygoouttotheInternet.
localizablefield(n)~Anout-of-the-boxattributethatcanbeexported,translatedintoa
specifiedlanguage,andthenimportedbackintoCRM.
localization(n)~Theprocessofadaptingaproductand/orcontent(includingtextand
non-textelements)tomeetthelanguage,cultural,andpoliticalexpectationsand/or
requirementsofaspecificlocalmarket(locale).
localizedversion(n)~Aversionofaprogramthathasbeentranslatedintoanother
language,alsoknownasaninternationalversion.Forexample,France,Hungary,andthe
UnitedStatesallusedifferentlocalizedversionsofMicrosoftWord.
locallyredundantstorage(n)~Storageofaccountdatathatisreplicatedthreetimes
withinthesamedatacenter.
locally-uniqueidentifier(n)~A64-bitvaluethatisguaranteedtobeuniqueonthe
operatingsystemthatgeneratedituntilthesystemisrestarted.
locate(v)~Tofind.
location(n)~Aspecific,delimitedphysicalplace,suchasabin,shelf,rack,oraisle.
location(n)~Anydiskdrive,folder,orotherplaceinwhichyoucanstorefilesand
folders.Programswillcommonlyaskyoutochoosealocationtosaveafile.
location(n)~Thestreetaddressorgeographicalcoordinatesofauser,and(bywayof
extensions)oftheuser’scomputerordevices.
location(n)~Ageographicpointorregion.
location(n)~Aphysicaladdress.
location(n)~Anelectronicaddress.
location(n)~Afunctionalfacility.
LocationandOtherSensors(PN)~AnareawithintheWindowsControlPanelthat
providessupportforsensorssuchasenabling,disablingoruninstallingsensorsand
sensor-enabledapplications,changingsensorsettings,etc.
LocationAwarePrinting(PN)~Afeaturethatautomaticallyconfiguresthedefault
printerbasedontheuser’snetworklocation.Whenamobileuserchangesnetwork
locations,thedefaultprinteralsochangestothecorrectoneforthatnetwork,asdefinedby
theuser.
locationcard(n)~Acardthatappearsonthecardscreenormapscreenthatdescribes
moreinformationaboutapointofinterest,suchasitsaddress,apicture,anditsoperating
hours.
locationcode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsthephysicallocationwhereanemployeeworks
intheorganization.
locationdata(n)~Metadatathatdefineswherethepostisoriginatingfromorwherean
authorindicateswhereheorsheislocated.
locationfilter(n)~AnelementintheUIthatallowsuserstoseesubsetsofdata,
accordingtotheselectedlocations.
locationgroup(n)~Asubsetofallavailablelocations(thatiscountries/regions)
summarizedinanaggregatedentity.
LocationInformationServer(PN)~AnetworknodeoriginallydefinedintheNational
EmergencyNumberAssociationi2networkarchitecturethataddressestheintermediate
solutionforprovidingEnhanced9-1-1(E9-1-1)serviceforVoIPtelephonyusers.
LocationInformationservice(n)~Awebservicethatmanagesatableofnetwork
elementsandlocationsforusebyclientsofEnhanced9-1-1(E9-1-1).
locationprofile(n)~Amethodofconvertingphonenumbersthatcanbedialedfroma
namedlocationtoasinglestandardformatforpurposesofroutingbothincomingand
outgoingcalls.Locationprofilesspecifyvalidnumberstringsandnormalizationrulesand
aremaintainedontheserver.
locationreminder(n)~Aremindersetbytheusertogooffwhentheuserarrivesator
leavesaparticularlocation.
locationsensor(n)~Acategoryofsensorthatcandetectthecurrentlocationofyour
computer.
locationservices(n)~AsetofservicesusedbyWindowsPhone,Windows,andother
applicationstoaccesstheuser’scurrentlocation.
locationtypefilter(n)~AnelementintheUIthatallowsuserstoseeasubsetoftheir
dataset,accordingtotheselectedlocationtypes.
location-basedforwarding(n)~AnoptionintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePhonestab,
thatforwardsincomingphonecallsbasedontheuser’scurrentlocation.
locator(n)~Anendpointforaccessingfilesinanasset.
lock(n)~Asoftwaresecurityfeaturethatrequiresakeyordongleinorderforthe
applicationtoruncorrectly.
lock(v)~ToblockothermeetingparticipantsfromcontrollingtheOfficeLiveMeeting
2007clientduringapresentation.
lock(v)~Topreventusersfromjoiningaconference,whetherornottheyhavean
invitation.
lock(v)~Toallowtheshareduserprofileconfigurationsetbytheadministratortoremain
staticfromoneusersessiontoanother.
lock(n)~Arestrictiononaccesstoaresourceinamultiuserenvironment.
lock(v)~Toprotectanobjectfrombeingmodified.
lock(v)~Ensurethattwoprocessesdonotaffectthesamefileorprojectinadatabaseat
thesametime.
lock~Adatastructureusedtosynchronizeaccesstoasharedresource.Themost
commonuseforalockisinmultithreadedprogramswheremultiplethreadsneedaccessto
globaldata.
lockapp(n)~Anapplicationthateithertakesadvantageoftheabilitytosetadynamic
wallpaperorthattakesadvantageofthenewlockextensibilityframework(examples
includetheMetroRefreshandInkingapplications).
LockConference(oth)~AbuttononConferenceControlsthatpreventsanybodyelse
fromjoiningthecurrentconference.
lockescalation(n)~Theprocessofconvertingmanyfine-grainlocksintofewercoarse-
grainlocks,therebyreducingsystemoverhead.
lockgraceperiod(n)~Thetimeperiod(inseconds)withinwhichuserscanreestablish
filelocksaftertheserverrestarts.
lockscreen(n)~ThescreenthatappearswhenauserlocksthePC.
LockSession(oth)~Abuttonontheconferenceleader’sConferenceControlsthat
preventsanybodyelsefromjoiningthecurrentsharingsession.
locktoken(n)~ThevaluethatisreturnedonsuccessfulexecutionoftheWebDAVLOCK
method.Thisvalueisusedtotransactsubsequentrequests.
LockTracking(v)~Anoptionthatturnsonchangetrackingandletsyousetapassword
topreventunauthorizedusersfromturningitoff.
lockdown(n)~Acollectionoffeaturesthatadministratorscanusetopreventendusers
fromaccessingunauthorizedapplicationsordevicesettings.
locked(adj)~Theconditionofafield,record,recordset,ordatabasethatmakesitread-
onlytoallusersexcepttheusercurrentlymodifyingit.
lockedcell(n)~AcellinanAdd-inforExcelmatrixthatisnotmodifiedwhenspreading
isconducted.
lockedfile(n)~Afileonwhichoneormoreoftheusualtypesofmanipulativeoperation
cannotbeperformed:typically,onethatcannotbealteredbyadditionsordeletions.
lockedmode(n)~AmodeinwhichBitLockerDriveEncryptionpreventsaccesstothe
encrypteddrive,eitherbecausethesystemcomponentshavechangedorbecauseitneeds
anauthenticationkey.Inthiscircumstance,theuserinvestigateswhyBitLockertriggered
recoverymodeandcaneitherrepairthesystemorentertherecoverypasswordtoexit
recoverymode.
lockedresource(n)~Aresourcepropertythatrequiresprojectmanagerstoseekapproval
fromresourcemanagersbeforeassigningaresourcetoaparticularproject.
lockeduserprofile(n)~Auseraccountwhoseuserprofilesettingsreturntoastate
definedbyWindowsSteadyStateeverytimeauserlogsontotheaccount;nomatter
wheretheuserprofilesettingsarephysicallylocated.
locked-downclient(n)~Acomputerthatishighlysecuredsothatmostusersand
processescannotchangecharacteristicsofthecomputer,applications,orfilesonthe
computer.Clientsareoftenlockeddowntoenforcestandardsandtopreventdamagedue
tomaliciousprocessesorusererror.
Lockoutduration(n)~Anintegercontrolthatspecifiesthedurationinminutestheuser
islockedoutforafterhittingtheLockoutThreshold.Thedefaultsettingforthisis-€œ15-
€?minutes.Thelowerlimitforthissettingis-€œ1-€?andtheupperlimitis-€œ9999-€?.
Theupperlimitallowstheadministratortosettheupperlimittogreaterthanoneday.
lockoutgate(n)~Aworkflowactivityintheauthenticationphaseofrequestprocessingto
lockoutauserwhohasfailedtoauthenticate.
Lockoutthreshold(n)~Anintegercontrolthatspecifiesthenumberoftimesausercan
failtocompletetheauthenticationworkflowbeforetheyarelockedoutfortheLockout
Durationspecifiedinthenextstep.Thedefaultsettingforthisis-€œ3-€?.Thelowerlimit
is-€œ0-€?andtheupperlimitis-€œ99-€?.
LockoutThresholdbeforePermanentLockout(n)~Anintegercontrolthatallowsthe
administratortoconfigureanumericvalueforthenumberoftimesausercanhitthe
LockoutThresholdbeforebeingpermanentlylockedout.Permanentlockoutimpliesthat
theusermustbeunlockedbythesystemadministratortosomeonewithrightstoperform
theunlockoperation.Bydefault,thisissetto-€œ3-€?.Therangeforthissettingis
between-€œ1-€?and-€œ99-€?.
Lockup,lockedup~Aneventwhichcausesacomputertogetstuckandrefusetodo
anythingisalockup.Thecomputeristhensaidtobe-hung-orlockedup.
LocStudioGlossaryfile(n)~ALocStudiotranslationmemorythatcontainssoftware
stringsandtheirtranslationsaswellasmetadata(e.g.,stringcategory,termnote,
instructions,productinformation)andisusedmainlyasreferencematerialandfor
translationrecycling.
Lo-Fi(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#71.
log(n)~ArecordoftransactionsoreventsthattakeplacewithinanITmanaged
environment.
log~Arecordofacomputer’sorapplication’sactivity,usedforsysteminformation,
backup,andrecovery.
logbackup(n)~Abackupoftransactionlogsthatincludesalllogrecordsnotbackedup
inpreviouslogbackups.Logbackupsarerequiredunderthefullandbulk-logged
recoverymodelsandareunavailableunderthesimplerecoverymodel.
logchain(n)~Acontinuoussequenceoftransactionlogsforadatabase.Anewlogchain
beginswiththefirstbackuptakenafterthedatabaseiscreated,orwhenthedatabaseis
switchedfromthesimpletothefullorbulk-loggedrecoverymodel.Alogchainforks
afterarestorefollowedbyarecovery,creatinganewrecoverybranch.
logdefinition(n)~Configurationinformationforarelatedsetoflogfiles,includingthe
basefilenamethatisusedinthelogfilesthatarecreated,theloggingfieldsthatare
recorded,therolloverinterval,andsoon.
logdirective(n)~Informationthatprecedesthelogentriesinalogfile,whichdefinesthe
informationandformatcontainedineachlogentry.Eachdirectiveinthelogfilebegins
withthe#character.ThedirectivesVersion(#Version)andFields(#Fields)arerequired.
TheVersiondirectivedefinestheversionoftheW3CExtendedLogFormatthatisused,
andtheFieldsdirectivespecifiesthedatarecordedinthelogfieldsofeachentry.
logentry(n)~Arecordinalogfile.
logfile(n)~Afilethatstoresmessagesgeneratedbyanapplication,service,oroperating
system.Thesemessagesareusedtotracktheoperationsperformed.Logfilesareusually
plaintext(ASCII)filesandoftenhavea.logextension.
logfilepath(n)~Thelocationofthelogfileonacomputer.
logfilter(n)~Asetofalgorithmsthatselectivelypassthelogentriesthatarewrittento
logfiles.Forexample,afiltercanbecreatedtoonlypasslogentriesthatcontainaspecific
loggingfieldwithaspecificvalue.
loglevel(n)~Theamountofinformationthatisstoredinalogfileforatransaction.Log
levelscanberepresentedbynumbersorbywordsfromthemosttotheleastverbose.
LogLevelManager(PN)~AProjectServerlogginginfrastructurethatimproves
efficiencybyenablingadminstocustomizelogginglevelsforprojectentities.
loglistener(n)~Acomponentthathooksuptoalogobject.
logoff(v)~Toterminateasessionwithacomputeraccessedthroughacommunications
lineusuallyacomputerthatisbothdistantandopentomanyusers.
logon(v)~Togainaccesstoaspecificcomputer,program,ornetworkbyidentifying
oneselfwithausernameandapassword.
logprovider(n)~Aproviderthatlogspackageinformationatruntime.Integration
Servicesincludesavarietyoflogprovidersthatmakeitpossibletocaptureeventsduring
packageexecution.LogsarecreatedandstoredinformatssuchasXML,text,database,or
intheWindowseventlog.
logsequencenumber(n)~Auniquenumberassignedtoeachentryinatransactionlog.
LSNsareassignedsequentiallyaccordingtotheorderinwhichentriesarecreated.
logshipping(n)~Copying,atregularintervals,logbackupfromaread-writedatabase
(theprimarydatabase)tooneormoreremoteserverinstances(secondaryservers).Each
secondaryserverhasaread-onlydatabase,calledasecondarydatabase,thatwascreated
byrestoringafullbackupoftheprimarydatabasewithoutrecovery.Thesecondaryserver
restoreseachcopiedlogbackuptothesecondarydatabase.Thesecondaryserversare
warmstandbysfortheprimaryserver.
logshippingconfiguration(n)~Asingleprimaryserver,oneormoresecondaryservers
(eachwithasecondarydatabase),andamonitorserver.
logshippingjob(n)~Ajobperformingoneofthefollowinglog-shippingoperations:
backingupthetransactionlogoftheprimarydatabaseattheprimaryserver(thebackup
job),copyingthetransactionlogfiletoasecondaryserver(thecopyjob),orrestoringthe
logbackuptothesecondarydatabaseonasecondaryserver(therestorejob).Thebackup
jobresidesontheprimaryserver;thecopyandrestorejobsresideoneachofthe
secondaryservers.Seealso:primarydatabase,primaryserver,secondarydatabase,
secondaryserver.
logsink(n)~Atracingfunctionofthecacheclientandcachehost.Logsinkscapturetrace
eventsfromthecacheclientorcachehostandcandisplaytheminaconsole,writethemto
alogfile,orreportthemtotheEventTracingforWindows(ETW)frameworkinside
Windows.
logarithm(n)~Inmathematics,thepowertowhichabasemustberaisedtoequalagiven
number.Forexample,forthebase10,thelogarithmof16is(approximately)1.2041
because101.2041equals(approximately)16.Bothnaturallogarithms(tothebasee,
whichisapproximately2.71828)andcommonlogarithms(tothebase10)areusedin
programming.LanguagessuchasCandBasicincludefunctionsforcalculatingnatural
logarithms.
logarithmictrendline(n)~Abest-fitcurvedtrendlinethatisusedwhentherateofchange
inthedataincreasesordecreasesquicklyandthenlevelsout.
logger(n)~Atoolusedtorelaytheinformationfrombuildevents,messages,warnings,
anderrorstoalogthatiseasilyreadandinterpreted.
loggerassembly(n)~Anassemblythatcontainsaclassthatimplementsthe
Microsoft.Build.Framework.ILoggerinterface
loggerclass(n)~AclassthatimplementstheMicrosoft.Build.Framework.ILogger
interface.
logging(n)~Theprocessofrecordingactionsthattakeplaceonacomputer,network,or
system.
logging(n)~Theprocessofrecordinganauditentryintheaudittrailwhenevercertain
eventsoccur,suchasservicesstartingandstoppingorusersloggingonandoffand
accessingresources.
loggingdatabase(n)~TheMicrosoftSQLServer,MSDE,orWMSDEdatabasethat
storeshealthmonitoringandusagedatatemporarily,andcanbeusedforreportingand
diagnostics.
loggingfield(n)~Alocationinalogentryinwhichaparticulartypeofdataisstored.
loggingframework(n)~Theoverallstructureforrecording,collecteandaggregate
informationfrommultiplemachinesaboutwhatishappeningwithineachcomponentofa
programtoallowoperationalstaffanddeveloperstogetafullpictureofwhatwasgoing
onwhenaparticularproblemoccurredandfocusonaparticularmisbehavingcomponent,
oraparticularmachine,withoutgeneratingalotofnoisethatcanbedistractingandslow
downtheapplicationsignificantly.
loggingmode(n)~Theoperationalstateofthetoolduringwhichalloftheoutput
generatedbytheselectedapplicationisenteredintoatextlogfileforlaterreview.
loggingtable(n)~AsystemtablethatcapturesfailuresandothereventsforAccess
Services.
LogicApps(n)~AfeatureofAppServicethatautomatestheaccessanduseofdata
acrosscloudswithoutwritingcode.
logicerror(n)~Anerror,suchasafaultyalgorithm,thatcausesaprogramtoproduce
incorrectresultsbutdoesnotpreventtheprogramfromrunning.Consequently,alogic
errorisoftenverydifficulttofind.
logicalAND(n)~Alogicaloperationcombiningthevaluesoftwobits(0,1)ortwo
Booleanvalues(false,true)thatreturnsavalueof1(true)ifbothinputvaluesare1(true)
andreturnsa0(false)otherwise.
logicalblockaddressing(n)~AmethodusedwithSCSIandIDEdiskdrivestotranslate
thecylinder,head,andsectorspecificationsofthedriveintoaddressesthatcanbeusedby
anenhancedBIOS.LBAisusedwithdrivesthatarelargerthan528MB.
logicaldatacenter(n)~Alogicalrepresentationofanactualorphysicaldeployment
datacenterenvironment.
LogicalDatacenterDesigner(n)~Thedesignerusedtocreateandeditdiagramsof
interconnectedlogicalserversthatrepresentthelogicalstructureofadatacenter.
logicaldatacenterdiagram(n)~Thediagramusedtocreatealogicalrepresentationofa
datacenter.Thelogicaldatacenterdiagram(.ldd)filecontainsinformationbasedonthe
SystemDefinitionModel(SDM).
logicaldesign(n)~Adesignprocessthatdetailstheelementsofthesolutionandhowthey
interrelatewitheachother.Thisdesigndoesnotprovidetechnicalimplementationdetails,
andthusispriortomakingspecifictechnologydecisions.
logicaldevice(n)~Avolumethatyoucreatewithinanextendedpartitiononabasic
masterbootrecord(MBR)disk.Logicaldrivesaresimilartoprimarypartitions,except
thatyouarelimitedtofourprimarypartitionsperdisk,whereasyoucancreatean
unlimitednumberoflogicaldrivesperdisk.Alogicaldrivecanbeformattedandassigned
adriveletter.
logicaldrive(n)~Avolumethatyoucreatewithinanextendedpartitiononabasicmaster
bootrecord(MBR)disk.Logicaldrivesaresimilartoprimarypartitions,exceptthatyou
arelimitedtofourprimarypartitionsperdisk,whereasyoucancreateanunlimited
numberoflogicaldrivesperdisk.Alogicaldrivecanbeformattedandassignedadrive
letter.
logicalname(n)~AnameusedbySQLServertoidentifyafile.
logicalnetwork(n)~Auser-definednamedgroupingofIPsubnetsandvirtuallocalarea
networks(VLANs)thatisusedtoorganizeandsimplifynetworkassignments.
logicaloperator(n)~Anoperatorthatmanipulatesbinaryvaluesatthebitlevel.Insome
programminglanguages,logicaloperatorsareidenticaltoBooleanoperators,which
manipulatetrueandfalsevalues.
logicaloperator(n)~Theand/oroperatorusedwhenconstructingarule.
logicalprinter(n)~Thesoftwareinterfacebetweentheoperatingsystemandtheprinter
inWindows.Whileaprinteristhedevicethatdoestheactualprinting,alogicalprinteris
itssoftwareinterfaceontheprintserver.Thissoftwareinterfacedetermineshowaprint
jobisprocessedandhowitisroutedtoitsdestination(toalocalornetworkport,toafile,
ortoaremoteprintshare).Whenyouprintadocument,itisspooled(orstored)onthe
logicalprinterbeforeitissenttotheprinteritself.
logicalrecord(n)~Amergereplicationfeaturethatallowsyoutodefinearelationship
betweenrelatedrowsindifferenttablessothattherowsareprocessedasaunit.
logicalschema(n)~IntheDataWarehouseaconceptualmodelthatmapstothedatain
thephysicalstoreandprovidesanunderstandableviewofthedata.Whenadeveloper
createscodetoaccessorchangedataintheDataWarehousethedeveloperinteractswith
thelogicalschema.CommerceServerprocessesdataintheDataWarehousethroughthe
logicalschema.
logicalserver(n)~Arepresentationoftherun-timeenvironmentinwhichanapplication
willdeploy.
logicalserverendpoint(n)~Anendpointwhichrepresentsaconnectionpointfora
logicalserverandisofclientorservertype.
logicalserverprototype(n)~ApreconfiguredlogicalserverintheToolboxthatyoucan
usetodefinelogicalserversonthelogicaldatacenterdiagram.
logicalstructure(n)~Thecomprehensiveorganizationofelementsofasolutionora
system,withoutregardtohowitisimplemented.
logicaltree(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundation,thetreecontainingalltheelements
andcontentthataredirectlycreatedbyanapplicationandusedforauserinterface
element.Forthespecifiedelement,thelogicaltreeisnotastrictsubsetofitsvisualtree,
becauseelementsderivedfromtheVisualbaseclassmightcontainelementsthatarenot
derivedfromtheVisualclass.Forexample,theelementsmightcontainaString,a
TextElement,oranyothercommonlanguageruntimeobject.
logicalunitnumber(n)~Alogicalreferencetoaportionofastoragesubsystem.For
example,inadiskstoragesubsystem,aLUNcancompriseadisk,asectionofadisk,a
wholediskarray,orasectionofadiskarrayinthesubsystem.
Login~Nounoraverb.Noun:Theaccountnameusedtogainaccesstoacomputer
system.Notasecret(contrastwithPassword).Verb:theactofconnectingtoacomputer
systembygivingyourcredentials(usuallyyour‘username’and‘password’)
loginID(n)~Astringthatisusedtoidentifyauserorentitytoanoperatingsystem,
directoryservice,ordistributedsystem.Forexample,inWindows-®integrated
authentication,aloginnameusestheformDOMAIN\username.”
logininformation(n)~Theusernameandpasswordprovidedbyausertoaccessa
specificcomputer,program,ornetwork.
loginscript(n)~Afile,typicallyabatchfile,thatrunsautomaticallyeverytimeauser
logsontoacomputerornetwork.Itcanbeusedtoconfigureauser’sworking
environmentwheneverauserlogson,anditallowsanadministratortoinfluenceauser’s
environmentwithoutmanagingallaspectsofit.Alogonscriptcanbeassignedtooneor
moreuseraccounts.
loginsecuritymode(n)~Asecuritymodethatdeterminesthemannerinwhichan
instanceofSQLServervalidatesaloginrequest.
logisticregression(n)~Astatisticalmethodforanalyzingtheprobabilitythatmultiple
factorscontributetoastate.
logo(n)~Adistinctivesymbolthatidentifiesyou,yourbusiness,oryourorganization.It
cancombineaname,motto,andgraphics.
logon(n)~Theprocessofidentifyingoneselftoacomputerafterconnectingtoitovera
communicationsline.
logondomain(n)~Thedomainusedtoauthenticateauserloggingontoacomputer,
program,ornetwork.
logonrights(n)~Userrightsthatareassignedtoauserandthatspecifythewaysinwhich
ausercanlogontoasystem.
logonscript(n)~Afile,typicallyabatchfile,thatrunsautomaticallyeverytimeauser
logsontoacomputerornetwork.Itcanbeusedtoconfigureauser’sworking
environmentwheneverauserlogson,anditallowsanadministratortoinfluenceauser’s
environmentwithoutmanagingallaspectsofit.Alogonscriptcanbeassignedtooneor
moreuseraccounts.
logonscriptpath(n)~Asequenceofdirectorynamesthatspecifiesthelocationofthe
logonscript.Whenauserlogson,theauthenticatingcomputerlocatesthespecifiedlogon
script(ifonehasbeenassignedtothatuseraccount)byfollowingthatcomputer’slocal
logonscriptpath(usuallysystemroot\\System32\\Repl\\Import\\Scripts).
logonsession(n)~Aperiodoftimewhenoneuserisloggedontoacomputer.Whena
userlogsontoacomputer,thesessioniscreated.Whenthatuserlogsoff,thesessionis
ended.
LOL~(LaughingOutLoud)-Internetslang.
lollipopinterface(n)~InaUMLStaticStructureorUMLComponentdiagram,oneof
twotypesofinterfacesthatcanbeconnectedtoclassorcomponentshapesandhasa
lollipopshape.
Longdatatype(n)~Afundamentaldatatypethatholdslargeintegers.ALongvariableis
storedasa32-bitnumberranginginvaluefrom-2,147,483,648to2,147,483,647.
longdate(n)~Thestandardlongformatstodisplayadate.
longdistancecall(n)~Acallmadeoutsideacustomer’simmediategeographic/service
areathatmaycarryadditionaltollcharges.
longfilename(n)~Afolderorfilenamelongerthanthe8.3filenamestandard(upto
eightcharactersfollowedbyaperiodandanextensionofuptothreecharacters).Most
versionsofWindows,includingWindowsXP,Windows2000,WindowNT,Windows95,
andWindows98supportlongfilenamesupto255characters.
longgrain(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofatypeofpaperwhichgrain
directionrunsparalleltothelongedgeofthesheet.
longmessage(n)~Amessageinapersistentchatroomthatexceedsthecharacterlimit.If
thecharacterlimitisexceeded,themessagewillshowaslongmessage.”
longparsing(n)~IntheSQLsystemtherearetwotypicaltypesofthreads:-shortthread:
itisaprocessthatusetheresourcesforashorttimeand-longthread:itisaprocessthat
usetheresourcesforalongtime.longparsing:istheanalysisofthethreadsthatlivedfor
alongtimeNote:thedefinitionofshort/longisbasedonthesystemcalculation/statistic
foreachprocess.
Longtones(PN)~Asettingforthephonekeyboardthatcausesakeytocontinueto
produceatoneaslongasthekeyispressed.
longestidlerouting(n)~Aroutingmethodinwhichtheagentwhohasthelongestidlein
thehuntgroupisofferedthecallfirst.
longestmatch(n)~Inregularexpressions,ifthereismorethanonesubsequencethat
matchesatsomelocationinthetargetsequence,thelongestsubsequencefromtheones
thatmatchatthatpointor,ifthereismorethanonesubsequencethathasthemaximal
length,theonethatwasfoundfirst.
Longhorn~internalcodenameusedforWindowsVista(Windows6.0)beforeitsrelease.
long-termcashincentive(n)~Variablecompensationthatistypicallyawardedonan
annual(orsometimesbiannual)basisbutwhichisoftenpaidoutovertime,withpayments
beginningatafuturepoint.Thiscompensationcanbedeterminedasapercentofan
employee’sannualfixedcompensationoritcanberelatedtothenumberorvalueof
sharesinastockoptionaward.
LookUp(v)~TheUIelementthatinitiatestheprocessofseekingaparticularfileor
specificdata.Asearchiscarriedoutbyaprogramthroughcomparisonorcalculationto
determinewhetheramatchtosomepatternexistsorwhethersomeothercriteriahave
beenmet.
lookaheadfragment(n)~InIISLiveSmoothStreaming,anMPEG-4(MP4)fragment
thatisbufferedbytheWebserver.TheWebserverincludesthetimestampsforthe
bufferedfragmentinthecurrentfragmentresponsetoSmoothStreaming-compatible
clientssothatclientscanoptimizerequestsforthebufferedfragment.
look-atpoint(n)~Thepointinthe3Dworldwherethecameraissupposedtopoint.By
default,thisistheorigina(0,0,0).Typicallythelook-atpointspecifieswherelightis
focused.
look-frompoint(n)~Thepointinthe3Dworldwherethecameraislookingfrom.
lookup~searchingadatastructureforanitemthatsatisfiessomespecifiedproperty.
Lookupfield(n)~Afieldinatablethatdrawsdatafromanothertable.
lookuptable(n)~Alookuptableconsistsofrowsandcolumnsofdata.Alookupfunction
examinesthetableeitherhorizontallyorverticallyandthenretrievesthedatathat
correspondstotheargumentspecifiedaspartofthelookupfunction.
lookupview(n)~Theviewusedwhenauserclicksalookupfield.
Loonbelasting(n)~ThepayrolltaxfortheNetherlandsthatisrelatedtoincometax
withholdingandinformationrelatedtopersonnel.
loop(v)~Toexecuteagroupofstatementsrepeatedly.
loop(v)~Torepeatastreamcontinuously.
loop(n)~Aseriesofinstructionsthatisrepeatedafixednumberoftimesoruntila
terminatingconditionisreached.
loop(n)~Asectionofastoryboardbetweentwokeyframesthatisplayedrepeatedly.A
loopmayplayafinitenumberoftimesorindefinitely.
loopduration(n)~Thenumberoftimesthataportionofananimationstoryboardis
repeated.
loopback(n)~AnadvancedGroupPolicysettingthatisusefulincertaincloselymanaged
environments,suchaslaboratories,classrooms,publickiosks,andreceptionareas.
loopback~Adiagnostictestthatreturnsthetransmittedsignalbacktothesendingdevice
afterithaspassedthroughanetworkoracrossaparticularlink.Thereturnedsignalcan
thenbecomparedtothetransmittedone.Thediscrepancybetweenthetwohelptotrace
thefault.
loopbackaddress(n)~Theaddressofthelocalcomputerusedforroutingoutgoing
packetsbacktothesourcecomputer.Thisaddressisusedprimarilyfortesting.
LooseXAML(n)~AfeaturethatallowsyoutoopenanyXAMLfileonyourharddisk(or
ahyperlinkonawebpage)andrunitwithinabrowserwithoutcompilation.
LORG(n)~Anorganizationwithmorethan1000employeesandmorethan500personal
computers.
LoRIE(n)~AmechanismforrunningInternetExplorerprocessesinarestrictedsecurity
contexttoprotectthesystemagainstmalwareandvirusesthatdependonIErunningin
elevatedprivilegeonausersmachine.
losslessJPEGrotation(n)~AmethodofrotatingJPEGimagesinwhichtheimageisnot
recompresseduponrotationand,asaresult,retainsitsoriginalquality.
losslessrotation(n)~AmethodofrotatingJPEGimagesinwhichtheimageisnot
recompresseduponrotationand,asaresult,retainsitsoriginalquality.
lossy~Ifaprocessislossy,itmeansthatalittlequalityislostwhenitisperformed.Ifa
formatislossy,itmeansthatputtingdataintothatformatwillcausesomeslightloss.
Lossyprocessesandformatsaretypicallyusedforperformanceorresourceutilization
reasons.
lossyJPEGrotation(n)~AmethodofrotatingJPEGimagesinwhichtheimageis
recompresseduponrotationand,asaresult,maydisplayartifacts.
lossyrotation(n)~AmethodofrotatingJPEGimagesinwhichtheimageis
recompresseduponrotationand,asaresult,maydisplayartifacts.
lostdata(n)~Informationthatcannotbefoundorrecovered.
lot(n)~Aquantityofoneitemoranumberofitemsofthesamekind.
lotID(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatisassignedbythemanufacturerforaquantityof
materialproducedasasinglelot.
lotinheritance(n)~Thepracticeofconfiguringitemssothattheirproductcharacteristics
andshelflifeinformationcanbeupdatedbasedontheiringredients.
lotnumber(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatisassignedbythemanufacturerforaquantityof
materialproducedasasinglelot.
Lotuscc:Mail(PN)~Ane-mailprogramoriginallyintroducedbycc:mail,Inc.,and
currentlyproducedbytheLotusDevelopmentCorporation.Lotuscc:Mailrunson
multiplenetworkingplatformsandtheInternetandiscloselyintegratedwithLotusNotes
collaborativesoftware.
LowBox(PN)~ThelowestvalueofaboxonaBoxPlotchart.
lowdensitylipoprotein(n)~Aclassoflipoproteinsthatcarrycholesterolthroughthe
bloodandaroundthebody,forusebycells.
lowintegrityaccesstoken(n)~Afilteredaccesstokenthatiscreatedwithalowintegrity
level.ThisaccesstokenisusedbyInternetExplorerProtectedMode,butcanalsobeused
byotherapplications.
lowlevelformat(n)~Aprocessthatcreatesthephysicalformat,thepositionsofthe
tracksandsectors,thatdefineswherethedataisstoredonaharddisk.
LOWLINE(n)~The_character.
lowmemoryproblem(n)~Adifficultyincomputeroperationcausedbyinsufficient
memoryresources.
lowvision(n)~Visualimpairmentthatresultsingreatreductioninvisioncapabilitiesand
thatcannotbeaidedbyglassesorcontactlenses.Itcould,however,beaidedbyspecial
devices.
lowwatermark(n)~Amemoryconsumptionthresholdoneachcachehostthatspecifies
whenexpiredobjectsareevictedoutofmemory.
lowwhisker(PN)~Thelowestvaluethatisnotanoutlieronaboxplotchart.
low-costasset(n)~InAustralia,adepreciatingassetthatcostslessthan$1,000(afterGST
creditsoradjustments)asoftheendoftheincomeyearwhenanorganizationstartstouse
itorwhenitisinstalledandreadyforuseforataxablepurpose.
LowerProvisioningModule(n)~AcomponentoftheLocalProvisioningSystem(LPS)
thatishostedwithinaSecuredExecutionEnvironment(SEE)andcarriesout
provisioning,metering,andenforcementforpay-as-you-goandsubscriptioncomputers.
lowercase(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacterizedbynon-capitalletters.
low-levelformat(n)~Aprocessthatcreatesthephysicalformat,thepositionsofthe
tracksandsectors,thatdefineswherethedataisstoredonaharddisk.
Low-rightsIE(n)~AmechanismforrunningInternetExplorerprocessesinarestricted
securitycontexttoprotectthesystemagainstmalwareandvirusesthatdependonIE
runninginelevatedprivilegeonausersmachine.
Low-rightsInternetExplorer(n)~AmechanismforrunningInternetExplorerprocesses
inarestrictedsecuritycontexttoprotectthesystemagainstmalwareandvirusesthat
dependonIErunninginelevatedprivilegeonausersmachine.
low-valueasset(n)~InAustralia,adepreciatingassetthatisnotalow-costassetbut
whichhasanopeningnetbookvaluelessthan$1,000(asofJuly1intheyearthatitis
allocatedtothepool),andforwhichtheorganizationhaspreviouslyworkedoutany
deductionusingthereducingbalancedepreciationmethod.
low-valuepooldepreciation(n)~InAustralia,afixed-assetdepreciationmethod.
Depreciationiscalculatedasthesumoflow-costassets(acquisitions)addedtothepoolin
thecurrentfiscalyear+secondelementcosts(acquisitionadjustments)addedinthe
currentfiscalyear(depreciatedusingthelow-valuepoolpercentagefirst-yearrate
regardlessofwhentheywereacquiredintheyear)+low-valueassetsaddedtothepoolin
thecurrentfiscalyear+closingnetbookvaluefromthepreviousyear(depreciatedusing
thelow-valuepoolpercentagerate).
loyaltyprogram(n)~Astructuredprogramthatrewardscustomerswithincentivesor
otherbenefitsforloyalbuyingbehavior.
LPC(n)~Amessage-passingserviceprovidedbyWindowsNTthatallowsclient
processes(i.e.applications)andsubsystemstocommunicatewitheachotheronthesame
computer.
LPD(n)~AserviceonaprintserverthatreceivesprintjobsfromLinePrinterRemote
(LPR)toolsthatarerunningonclientcomputers.
LPI(n)~Themeasurementofthelinescreenfrequencyofahalftonescreenthatisused
whenprintingabitmappicture.Forcommercialprinting,usinghigherlinesperinch
typicallyresultsinamorefinelydetailedpicture.
LPM(n)~AcomponentoftheLocalProvisioningSystem(LPS)thatishostedwithina
SecuredExecutionEnvironment(SEE)andcarriesoutprovisioning,metering,and
enforcementforpay-as-you-goandsubscriptioncomputers.
LPR(n)~Aconnectivityutilitythatrunsonclientsystemsandisusedtoprintfilestoa
computerrunninganLPDserver.
LPS(n)~AWindowscomponentthatresidesintheoperatingsystemandenforcespay-as-
you-goandsubscriptionmeteringrules.
LRA(n)~Anintermediarybetweenasoftwarepublisherandacertificationauthority
(CA).Thelocalregistrationauthoritycan,forexample,verifyapublisher’scredentials
beforesendingthemtotheCA.
LRS(n)~Storageofaccountdatathatisreplicatedthreetimeswithinthesamedata
center.
LRU(n)~Thetypeofevictionusedbythecachecluster,whereleastrecentlyusedobjects
areevictedbeforethemostrecentlyusedobjects.
LSA(n)~Aprotectedsubsystemthatauthenticatesandlogsusersontothelocal
computer.Inaddition,theLSAmaintainsinformationaboutallaspectsoflocalsecurityon
acomputer(collectivelyknownasthelocalsecuritypolicy),anditprovidesvarious
servicesfortranslationbetweennamesandidentifiers.
LSASS(n)~Aninterfaceformanaginglocalsecurity,domainauthentication,andActive
Directoryprocesses.Ithandlesauthenticationfortheclientandfortheserver.Italso
containsfeaturesthatareusedtosupportActiveDirectoryutilities.
LSN(n)~Auniquenumberassignedtoeachentryinatransactionlog.LSNsareassigned
sequentiallyaccordingtotheorderinwhichentriesarecreated.
LSN(n)~Anumberthat’sassignedbytheProvisioningServertothemostrecent
transactionprocessedforaspecifiedcomputer.
LST(n)~Thetimewhenthemostrecentsynchronizationprocesswassuccessfully
completed.Thelastsynchronizationtimedetermineswhenthenextautomatic
synchronizationwilltakeplace.Thenextautomaticsynchronizationisperformedat
predefinedpointsintimestartingfromthelastsynchronizationtime.
LSV(oth)~AnelectronicpaymentmethodusedinSwitzerlandthatallowscompaniesto
deductcustomerpaymentsdirectlyfromacustomer’sbankthroughtheSwissInterbank
Clearingsystem.
LTCG(n)~Anoptionthattellsthelinkertocallthecompilerandperformwholeprogram
optimization.
LUA(n)~Atypeofuseraccountthatprohibitsusersfromchangingmostcomputer
settingsanddeletingimportantfiles.Whilesuchausercanaccessapplications,they
generallycannotinstallsoftwareorhardware,amongotherthings.
LUID(n)~A64-bitvaluethatisguaranteedtobeuniqueontheoperatingsystemthat
generatedituntilthesystemisrestarted.
LumiaMoments(PN)~InLumiaCamera,afeaturethatallowsuserstocreatehigh-
definitionphotosandvideosbycapturingashort,high-definitionvideorecording.
LumiaRefocus(PN)~Anappthatallowstheusertocapturemultipleimages
simultaneouslywithdifferentfocussettings.
LumiaSelfie(PN)~An-appforcapturing,editing,andsharingphotosofoneselfthatcan
beautomaticallyenhancedwithvariouseffects.
luminance(n)~Theperceivedbrightnesscomponentofagivencolor,asopposedtoits
hueoritssaturation.
luminosity(n)~Theperceivedbrightnesscomponentofagivencolor,asopposedtoits
hueoritssaturation.
LUN(n)~Alogicalreferencetoaportionofastoragesubsystem.Forexample,inadisk
storagesubsystem,aLUNcancompriseadisk,asectionofadisk,awholediskarray,ora
sectionofadiskarrayinthesubsystem.
Lunarcalendar(n)~Acalendarthatisbasedoncyclesofthemoonphase.
luringattack(n)~Anattackinwhichtheclientisluredtovoluntarilyconnecttothe
attacker.
lurker~Auserwhodoesnotparticipateinanonlinediscussion(e.g.,inachatroom),but
merelyobservestheactivity.
lycos~AnInternetsearchengine(http://www.lycos.com/)createdatCarnegieMellon
University.
Lyncadmincenter(PN)~Aweb-basedmanagementportalforLyncOnlineservices.
LyncMeeting(n)~DenotestheexperiencewithLyncthatcanbescheduled,orad-hoc.A
LyncMeetingprovidestheabilitytointeractwithpeoplethroughvideo,audio,instant
messaging,andcontentsharing.
LyncMeetingwindow(n)~DenotestheConversationwindowthathandlesescalations
(peer-to-peertoconference)andscalableviewsthatdisplaypeopleandcontenttogether
insideaLyncMeeting.
LyncOnline(Plan1)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforLyncOnline(Plan1)thatishostedinthecommercialcloud
environment.
LyncOnline(Plan1)forGovernment(PN)~Theofferforgovernmentorganizationsfor
LyncOnline(Plan1)thatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
LyncOnline(Plan2)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforLyncOnline(Plan2)thatishostedinthecommercialcloud
environment.
LyncOnline(Plan2)forGovernment(PN)~Theofferforgovernmentorganizationsfor
LyncOnline(Plan2)thatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
LyncOnline(Plan3)forGovernment(PN)~Theofferforgovernmentorganizationsfor
LyncOnline(Plan3)thatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
LyncOnlineadministratorcontrols(n)~ProvideLyncOnlineadministratorswiththe
abilitytorunLyncOnlinePowerShellcmdletsandassignrole-basedaccesscontrol
(RBAC)rolestootheradministratorsintheorganization.
LyncOnlinePartner(n)~Anindividualororganizationthatdoesbusinesswith,by,or
onbehalfofMicrosoftandthatisamemberoftheMicrosoftPartnerNetworkusingthe
IMandonlinemeetingstechnologyprovidedbyLyncOnline.
LyncServerManagementShell(PN)~Themanagementcommandlineinterfacebuilton
WindowsPowerShelltechnologythatincludesasetofcmdletstohelpcontrol
administrationandautomation.
LyncWebScheduler(PN)~Aweb-basedmeetingschedulingandmanagementtoolfor
userswhodon’thaveaccesstoMicrosoftOutlook,orareonanoperatingsystemnot
basedonWindows.WithLyncWebScheduler,youcancreatenewmeetings,changeyour
existingmeetings,andsendinvitationsusingyourfavoriteemailprogram.
Lync-to-phone(PN)~AnoptionalfeatureofLyncOnlinethatenablesuserstomakecalls
to,andreceivecallsfrom,thetraditionalnetworkbyusingLync.Thisfeatureisavailable
toVoicePlancustomersonly,andadministratorsmustsigninwithaLync-to-phone
providertogetthefeature.
Lyrics(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
M(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
M(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheOfficeofFilmandLiterature
Classification(OFLC).
M~
MAA(PN)~AtoolbarapplicationthatallowsuserstouseacombinationofacomputerID
andanactivationcodetoactivateWindows,withoutusingaproductkey.
MAC(n)~ThesublayeroftheIEEE802specificationsthatdefinesnetworkaccess
methodsandframing.
MAC(n)~Analgorithmthatallowsareceivertoensurethatablockofdatahasretained
itsintegrityfromthetimeitwassentuntilthetimeitwasreceived.
MACaddress(n)~A12-digithexadecimaladdressthatispreprogrammedintoa
computer’snetworkadapter,andthatuniquelyidentifiesthatcomputeronthenetwork.
Macaddress~(MediaAccessControl)Theuniqueserialnumberofan-Ethernetcard-or
othernetworkingdevice.(NothingtodowithAppleMacs,despitethename).Itismostly
usedtoidentifywhichdeviceistalkingtowhichonanetwork,andisusuallyonlyneeded
whentroubleshootingnetworkproblems.IntheUK,a‘MACcode’isauniquenumber
usedforswitchingbroadbandproviderssmoothly.
MacOS(n)~ThenamegiventotheMacintoshoperatingsystem,beginningwithversion
7.5inSeptember1994,whenApplestartedlicensingthesoftwaretoothercomputer
manufacturers.
Mac,Macintosh,Macbook~The-Apple-Corporation’salternativetothe-PC,much
lovedbyitsdevotees.Itistheonlywidelyavailablepersonalcomputerthatdoesn’tuse
MicrosoftWindows.MostpopularWindowssoftwareisalsoreleasedinMacformat.The
Macbookisalaptop.
MacFile(PN)~AservicethatallowsusersofMacintoshcomputerstostore,access,and
sharefilesonserversrunningServicesforMacintosh.
machine(n)~Acomputer,eitherphysicalorvirtual,capableofprocessinginformationto
produceadesiredresult.
MachineDependentIntermediateLanguage(n)~Amethodforcompilingcodeto
nativeassemblyinstructionswheneverpossible,andcompilingtheresttopseudo
instructionsthatcanquicklybetranslatedtonativeinstructionsonthetargetdevice.
MachineLearning(PN)~AgroupofMicrosoftAzureservicesthatallowuserstobuild
predictiveanalyticsmodels,operationalizethemandbringthemtothecloud.
machinetranslation(n)~Theprocessofusinga-€œmachine-€?(inmostcasescomputer
software)totranslatetextfromonehumanlanguagetoanother.
macro(n)~Asetofkeystrokesandinstructionsrecordedandsavedasakeycombination
(suchasCTRL+X)orfilename.Whenthemacroisused,alloftherecordedstepsare
performedautomatically.Macrossavetimebyreplacingaseriesoffrequentlyperformed
stepswithasimplekeycombinationorname.
Macro~Asmallprogramusedtoautomaterepetitiveorcomplextasks.TheWindows
equivalentisa-wizard.
macro~Afilecontainingasequenceofinstructionsthatcanbeexecutedasone
command.Thesecommandscanbeintheformofakey,symbolorname.Asanexample,
onesymbolcouldrepresentapredefinedlistofcommands.
MacroBuilder(PN)~Theobjecttabinwhichyoucreateandmodifyamacro.
MacroCatalog(PN)~AcatalogthatispartoftheMacroDesignerandcontainsall
availablemacrosandactions.
MacroDesigner(PN)~AfeaturethathelpsuserstodefinelogicforAccessformsand
tablesthatruninthebrowser.
MacroExplorer(n)~AwindowintheVisualStudioIDEthatlistsallmacrosavailablein
thecurrentsolution.
macrogroup(n)~Acollectionofrelatedmacrosthatarestoredtogetherunderasingle
macroname.Thecollectionisoftenreferredtosimplyasamacro.
macrolanguage(n)~Thecollectionofmacroinstructionsrecognizedbyagivenmacro
processor.
MacroManager(PN)~Adialogthatshowsallthedatamacrosinthedatabase.Data
macroscanbedeletedorrenamedhere.
macroproject(n)~Acollectionofcomponents,includingforms,code,andclass
modules,thatmakeupamacro.MacroprojectscreatedinMicrosoftVisualBasicfor
Applicationscanbeincludedinadd-insandinmostMicrosoftofficeprograms.
Macrowindow(n)~Thewindowinwhichyoucreateandmodifymacros.
macro-enabled(adj)~PertainingtoafileformatthatallowsforVBAcode.Examplesof
fileextensionsformacro-enabledformatsare.docm,.pptm,.xlsm.
macro-free(adj)~PertainingtoafileformatthatdoesnotallowforVBAcode.Office12
defaultfileformatsaremacro-free.Examplesoffileextensionsformacro-freeformatsare
.docx,.pptx,.xlsx.
MacromediaFlash(n)~AMacromediadevelopmentenvironmentcontainingvideo,
multimedia,andapplicationdevelopmentfeaturestohelpcreaterichuserinterfaces,
onlineadvertising,e-learningcourses,andenterpriseapplicationfront-ends.
MACRS(oth)~Amethodofaccelerateddepreciationpermittedbytaxcodesthat
classifiesdepreciableassetsintooneofseveralrecoveryperiods,eachofwhichhasa
designatedpatternofallowabledepreciation.
MADCAP(n)~AnextensiontotheDHCPprotocolstandardusedtosupportdynamic
assignmentandconfigurationofIPmulticastaddressesonTCP/IP-basednetworks.
made-withknowledge(n)~Insynchronizationprocesses,thecurrentknowledgeofthe
sourcereplica,tobeusedinconflictdetection.
maelstromlight(n)~Thebottomtriangularbluelightlocatedfurthestfromtheentrance
tothehyperspacechutein3DPinballforWindows-SpaceCadet.
magicnumber(n)~Ahard-codednumberwhosedigitsgivenoindicationastowhatthe
numberrepresents.
magicquadrant~Atwo-dimensionalgraphicalframeworkdevelopedbyGartnerthat
placesaparticularsetofvendorsfromaspecifictechnologyindustrysectorintoa
strategicmatrix.
magneticinkcharacterrecognition(n)~Acharacterrecognitionsystemforreadingand
processingdatathatusesspecialinksandcharacters.
magneticinkcharacterrecognitionline(n)~Alineofcharactersthatisencodedwitha
specialtypeofinkthatcanbemagnetizedandthentranslatedintocharacters.MICRlines
areusedonbankcheckstoidentifythebank,account,andcheck.
magneticstripereader(n)~Adeviceusedtointerpretdatathatisencodedonamagnetic
stripecard.
Magnifier(n)~Adisplayutilitythatmakesthecomputerscreenmorereadablebypeople
whohavelowvisionbycreatingaseparatewindowthatdisplaysamagnifiedportionof
thescreen.
magnitude(n)~Thenumericcomponentofameasurement.
MAHJONGTILEONEOFCHARACTERS(n)~TheUnicodecharacterU+1F007,
whichrepresentsaMahjongtile.
MahjongTitans(n)~AgamethatispartoftheWindowsoperatingsystem.
Mahout(PN)~AmachinelearninglibraryforApacheHadoopcontainingalgorithmsfor
processingdata,suchasfiltering,classification,andclustering.
mail(n)~Theexchangeoftextmessagesandcomputerfilesoveracommunications
network,suchasalocalareanetworkortheInternet.
Mail(PN)~ThelinktoWindowsLiveHotmail.
Mail(PN)~TheMicrosoftappforsendingandreceivingemail.
Mail(PN)~TheOutlookappforsendingandreceivingemail.
MailandCalendar(PN)~ThetwoMicrosoftappsthatallowuserstosendandreceive
mail,aswellasmanageevents.
mailapp(n)~AnappforOfficethatappearsonlyinOutlookorOutlookWebApp.
mailappforOutlook(n)~AnappforOfficethatappearsonlyinOutlookorOutlook
WebApp.
mailcontact(n)~Amail-enabledActiveDirectorycontactthatcontainsinformation
aboutpeopleororganizationsthatexistoutsideanExchangeServerorganization.Each
mailcontacthasanexternale-mailaddress.
MailControl(PN)~Theprimarynavigationtabformailflowmanagementfeaturesin
OutlookLive:Transportrules,called-€œrules-€?inOutlookLiveservice;Supervision
policies,includingclosedcampussupervisionpolicyandbadwordssupervisionpolicy,
andanti-bullyingsupervisionpolicy;IPsafelisting;Domaintypes:hostedorshared.
mailexchangerecord(n)~AtypeofresourcerecordintheDomainNameSystem(DNS)
specifyinghowInternete-mailshouldberoutedusingtheSimpleMailTransferProtocol
(SMTP).EachMXrecordcontainsapreferenceandahostname,sothatthecollectionof
MXrecordsforagivendomainnamepointtotheserversthatshouldreceivee-mailfor
thatdomain,andtheirpriorityrelativetoeachother.
mailfilter(n)~Afeatureine-mail-readingsoftwarethatautomaticallysortsincoming
mailintodifferentfoldersormailboxesbasedoninformationcontainedinthemessage.
mailflow(n)~Aseriesofcontiguousprocessingstepsthroughwhichoneormore
messagesflow.
mailheader(n)~Informationatthetopofane-mailmessage,includingthenameand
addressofthesenderandrecipient,thedateandtimesent,thesubject,andother
informationthatisnotpartofthebodytextofthemessage.Themailheaderisusedbyan
e-mailclientorprogram.
mailmerge(n)~Amass-mailfacilitythattakesnames,addresses,andsometimes
pertinentfactsaboutrecipientsandmergestheinformationintoaformletteroranother
suchbasicdocument.
mailmerge(n)~Theprocessofmerginginformationintoadocumentfromadatasource,
suchasanaddressbookordatabase,tocreatecustomizeddocuments,suchasformletters
ormailinglabels.
MailMigrationadd-on(n)~Atoolthatallowsuserstouploademailmessages,email
folders,andcontactsfromanemailaccountontheirPCtothecloudtofacilitateaccess
frommultipledevices.
mailrecipient(n)~Theindividual,oraccount,towhomane-mailmessageissent.
mailrelaying(n)~Apracticeinwhichanattackersendse-mailmessagesfromanother
system’se-mailserverinordertouseitsresourcesand/ormakeitappearthatthemessages
originatedfromtheothersystem.
mailserver(n)~Acomputerthatstoresemailmessages.
mailsystem(n)~Autilitythatallowstheusertosendandreceivee-mail.
mailuser(n)~Amail-enabledActiveDirectoryuserthatrepresentsauseroutsidethe
Exchangeorganization.Eachmailuserhasanexternale-mailaddress.Amailuseris
similartoamailcontact,exceptthatamailuserhasActiveDirectorylogoncredentials
andcanaccessresources.
Mailbomb~Oneormoreverylargeemails,senttosomeonemaliciouslytostopthem
beingabletousetheirmailboxand/orinternetconnection,becauseallthe
available-bandwidth-isbeingusedupdownloadingthemailbomb(s).Most-ISPswill
closedownanyaccountresponsibleformailbombing.Seealso-DoS-(DenialofService).
mailbox(n)~Thelocationwhereemailisdelivered.
mailbox(n)~ThecombinationofanActiveDirectoryuserobjectthathasmailbox
attributesandtheassociatedmailboxdatathatisstoredinthemailboxdatabase.
mailboxauditlog(n)~Alogthatisgeneratedforeachmailboxthathasmailboxaudit
loggingenabled.LogentriesarestoredintheAuditssubfolderoftheauditedmailbox
RecoverableItemsfolder.
mailboxdatabase(n)~AdatabaseforstoringmailboxesinExchangeServer.The
mailboxdatabasemanagesthedatainmailboxes,tracksdeletedmessagesandmailbox
sizes,andassistsinmessagetransfers.AmailboxdatabaseisstoredasanExchange
database(.edb)file.
mailboxdeliveryqueue(n)~Agroupoftemporaryqueuesthatholdmessagesthatare
beingdeliveredtoaMailboxserverbyusingencryptedExchangeRPC.Mailboxdelivery
queuesexistonHubTransportserversonly.Adifferentmailboxdeliveryqueueexistsfor
eachMailboxserverdestination.ThedestinationMailboxservermustexistinthesame
ActiveDirectorydirectoryservicesiteastheHubTransportserver.Mailboxdelivery
queuesaredynamicallycreatedasneededandareautomaticallyremoved.
mailboxname(n)~Thenameorlabel(inaUI)ofaspecificusermailbox.
mailboxplan(n)~Atemplatethatautomaticallypopulatesmultiplemailboxproperties
whenamailboxiscreatedintheservice.Amailboxplanalsoassignsdefaultpermissions
tothecorrespondinguseraccount.
mailboxsearch(n)~Oneinstanceofamulti-mailboxsearch.
Mailboxserverrole(n)~AnExchangeServer2007serverrolethatprovidese-mail
storageandadvancedschedulingservicesforMicrosoftOfficeOutlookusers.The
Mailboxserverrolealsoincludespublicfolders,whichprovideafoundationfor
workflow,documentsharing,andotherformsofcollaboration.
mailboxstore(n)~AdatabaseforstoringmailboxesinExchangeServer.Mailboxstores
storedatathatisprivatetoanindividualandcontainmailboxfoldersgeneratedwhena
newmailboxiscreatedforanindividual.Amailboxstoreconsistsofarich-text,.edbfile,
aswellasastreamingnativeInternetcontent.stmfile.
mailboxsubscription(n)~Metadataspecifyingthatauserisloggedontheire-mail
account.Aftertheuserhassuccessfullyloggedon,themailboxsubscriptionisconsidered
active.
mailboxuser(n)~Amail-enabledActiveDirectoryuserobjectthathasmailbox
attributes.
mail-enabledobject(n)~Atypeofobjectthathasane-mailaddressonadomaininthe
organization,buttheobjectdoesnothaveamailboxinthedomainatwhichtoreceive
messages.Theobjectappearsintheglobaladdresslist,whichallowsotherpeopleinthe
organizationtoeasilylocateorsendamessagetothatperson,buttheadministratordoes
notneedtomanageanunnecessarymailbox.Contacts,users,andevenfolderscanbe
mail-enabled.
mail-enableduniversaldistributiongroup(n)~Agroupofrecipientsthatarecreatedto
expeditethemasse-mailingofmessagesandotherinformation.Whene-mailissenttoa
mail-enableduniversaldistributiongroup,allmembersofthatlistreceiveacopyofthe
message.Mail-enableduniversaldistributiongroupscannotbeusedtoassignpermissions.
mail-enableduniversalsecuritygroup(n)~Agroupofrecipientsthatarecreatedto
expeditethemasse-mailingofmessagesandotherinformation.Unlikeamail-enabled
universaldistributiongroup,amail-enabledUSGcanalsobeusedtoassignpermissions.
Whene-mailissenttoamail-enabledUSG,allmembersofthatgroupreceiveacopyof
themessage.
mail-enableduser(n)~AnActiveDirectorysecurityprincipalobjectthathasatleastone
associatedSMTPaddress
mailer(n)~Awormthatpropagatesthroughe-mail.
mailer-daemon~anautomatedprogram,adoptedbysomeISPs,thatreturnsInternetmail
toyouifitisundeliverableforonereasonoranother.
mailingaddress(n)~Thelocationtowhichproductsthathavebeenorderedshouldbe
sent.
mailingaddress(n)~Theprimaryaddressthatisusedinmailmerges.
mailinglabel(n)~Alabelthatisprintedwitharecipient’saddressandisusedtomailor
shipanitem.
mailinglist(n)~Alistofnamesande-mailaddressesthataregroupedunderasingle
name.Whenauserplacesthenameofthemailinglistinamailclient’sTo:field,theclient
sendsthemessagetothemachinewherethemailinglistresides,andthatmachine
automaticallysendsthemessagetoalltheaddressesonthelist(possiblyallowinga
moderatortoedititfirst).
mailinglist(n)~AlistusedbyDirectMailertosendpiecesofmailtoselectedrecipients.
Itcaneitherbeastaticlistofusere-mail(recipients)oritcanbeanexpressionthat
evaluatestoalistofusers.
MailingListManager(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsausertoorganizeandcontrolmails
fromthemailingliststhattheymayhavejoined.
mailslot(n)~Aportinalibrarythattransportstapestoandfromlibraryslots.
MailTip(n)~Extrainformationdisplayedtoauserwhiletheyarecomposingane-mail
message.MailTipsaredisplayedinanInfoBar,similartothebannerthatappearssaying
Thismessagehasnotbeensent.’MailTipsrevealanythingthatmightbeunexpectedabout
thedeliveryoraudienceofthemessage
MailTips(PN)~Afeaturethatalertsuserstopotentialissueswithe-mailrecipientsbefore
themessageissent.
mailto(PN)~AnInternetprotocolusedforsendingelectronicmail.
mainaccount(n)~Aclassifierofeconomicresourcevaluebasedontheclaimsparties
makeontheeconomicresourcesownedbyalegalentityandthatisusedtoclassifydebit
andcreditentriesinanaccountingsystem.
mainaccountcategory(n)~Aclassifierofamainaccount.
mainaccountcodesegment(n)~Asegmentofageneralledgeraccountcodethat
correspondstothetypeofaccount(forexample,cash,sales,ortravelexpense).
mainaccountderivationrule(n)~Aruletodetermineamainaccountdimensionfor
classifyingthefinancialconsequencesofanaccountingevent.
mainapp(n)~Thewiderofthetwoappsthatcanappearonthescreensimultaneously
afterasecondappissnappedtothescreen.
maindocument(n)~Inamail-mergeoperation,thedocumentthatcontainsthetextand
graphicsthatarethesameforeachversionofthemergeddocument,forexample,the
returnaddressorsalutationinaformletter.
mainform(n)~Aformthatcontainsoneormoresubforms.
mainmap(n)~Themapthatuserscanaccessbytouchingthemapcardonthecard
screeninConcierge.ThemainmapcanbeaVirtualEarthmaporacustommap.
mainmemory(n)~Theamountofmemoryphysicallyinstalledonyourdevice(as
opposedtoonastoragecard.)
mainoperatorextension(n)~TheextensionatwhichAttendantconsoleuserswhoare
answeringcallsforthecorporatemainphonenumbercanbereachedinternally.
mainquotation(n)~Theprimaryquotationissuedtoacustomer.
mainvideo(n)~Thelargevideofeedinaconversationwindow.
mainwindow(n)~ThewindowthatcontainstheContactslist.
mainwindow(n)~Thewindowinwhichthemaininteractionwithanobjecttakesplace.
mainframe~Alarge-capacitycomputersystemwithprocessingpowerthatis
significantlysuperiortoPCsormidrangecomputers.Traditionally,mainframeshavebeen
associatedwithcentralized,ratherthandistributed,computingenvironments.
mainstreamsupport(n)~Basiccustomersupportforsoftware,hardware,multimedia,
andBusinessSolutionsincludedintheMicrosoftSupportLifecyclepolicy,suchasno-
chargeincidentsupport,paidincidentsupport,supportchargedonanhourlybasis,support
forwarrantyclaims,andhotfixsupport.
maintainabilityindex(n)~Avaluebetween0and100thatrepresentstherelativeeaseof
maintainingthecode.Ahighvaluemeansbettermaintainability.
maintenance(n)~Theprocessoftakingmeasurestoensurethatahardware,software,or
databasesystemisfunctioningproperlyandisuptodate.
MaintenanceMode(n)~Astatusindicatorinformingthattheserverisbeingmaintained.
MaintenanceModeComputer(n)~ThetitleofacolumnordatafieldforaComputer
Groupsviewthatspecifiesthenumberofcomputersinacomputergroupthatarein
maintenancemodeandwerechangedfrommanagedtounmanagedcomputers.
maintenancerule(n)~ArulethatisexecutedbytheSharePointMaintenanceManagerto
identifyproblemsthatarerelatedtoconfigurationsettings,dataintegrity,performance,
security,andotherissues.
Maintenancetroubleshooter(n)~Atroubleshooterthatperformscommonmaintenance
tasksinWindows,suchascleaningupunusedfilesandshortcuts.
maintenancewindow(n)~Aperiodoftime,definedbyadministrators,whenchangescan
bemadeonthesystemsthataremembersofaConfigurationManagercollection.
majorchangerequest(n)~Achangerequestthatisusedforhigh-riskandhigh-impact
changesaccordingtotheChangePolicyofyourorganization.
majorversion(n)~Aversionthatisreadyforalargergrouptoseeorthathaschanged
significantlysincethepreviousmajorversion.
majorversion(n)~Componentofthestrongnamethatspecifiesanassembly’sidentity.A
strongnameincludesasimpletextname,majorversionnumber,minorversionnumber,
andcultureinformation(ifprovided),plusapublickeyandadigitalsignature.Itis
generatedfromanassemblyfileusingthecorrespondingprivatekey.(Theassemblyfile
containstheassemblymanifest,whichcontainsthenamesandhashesofallthefilesthat
makeuptheassembly.)
MAK(n)~Avolumelicensekeythatisusedforone-timeactivationwithactivation
servicesthatarehostedbyMicrosoft.
MakeBrushResource(v)~Atoolthatisusedtomakeare-usablebrushfromanexisting
brush.
MakeButton(v)~Atoolthatisusedtomakeare-usablebuttonfromselectedelements.
MakeChanges(v)~TheMacintosh-styleprivilegethatallowsyoutochangethecontents
offoldersforwhichyouhavethisprivilege.IfyouhavetheMakeChangesprivilege,you
canmodify,rename,move,create,anddeletefilesinfoldersforwhichyouhavethat
privilege.
MakeControl(v)~Atoolthatisusedtomakeare-usablecontrolfromselectedelements.
MakeSame(v)~Atoolthatisusedtomaketwoormoreobjectthesamewidth,height,
orsize.
MakeTablequery(n)~Aquery(SQLstatement)thatcreatesanewtableandthencreates
records(rows)initbycopyingrecordsfromanexistingtable.
makefile(n)~Afilethatcontainsrulesthatdescribehowtocompilesourcecodeorlink
objectmodules.
make-good(n)~Placementstomakeupforplacementsthatwereorderedbutnotrunor
thatwererunimproperly.
make-tablequery(n)~Aquery(SQLstatement)thatcreatesanewtableandthencreates
records(rows)initbycopyingrecordsfromanexistingtable.
MAL(n)~Thelayerthatresidesbetweenusers(bothapplicationdevelopersandend-
users)andSQLServerandSQLServerAnalysisServicesdata.
maliciousadvertising(n)~Thespreadingofmaliciouscontentthroughonline
advertising.
maliciouscallreporting(n)~Afeaturethatenablesphoneuserstoreportdisturbingcalls
tothesystemadministrator.Whentheuserselectstoreportamaliciouscall,datafromthe
lastcallreceivediscapturedandsenttothesystemadministrator.
malicioussoftware(n)~Softwarethatfulfillsthedeliberatelyharmfulintentofan
attackerwhenrun.
MaliciousSoftwareRemovalTool(PN)~Atoolthatchecksyourcomputerforinfection
byspecific,prevalentmalicioussoftwareandhelpstoremovetheinfectionifitisfound.
malicioususer(n)~Auserwhointentionallyaccessesasystemwiththeintenttocause
harmtothesystemortouseitinanunauthorizedmanner.
malvertising(n)~Thespreadingofmaliciouscontentthroughonlineadvertising.
malware(n)~Softwarethatfulfillsthedeliberatelyharmfulintentofanattackerwhen
run.
Malware~Acatch-alltermforsoftwareinstalledbystealthontoaPCformalevolent
purposes(hencethename).Thesemayincludedisplayingunwantedads(adware),
installingsoftwareyoudidn’taskfor,orspyingonyouractivities(spyware)andreporting
thembacktotheculpritsothathecanstealyourbankaccount,addressbooketc.
malwarescanner(n)~Softwareusedtoscanforanderadicatemalicioussoftware.
MAM(n)~Softwareandservicesresponsibleforprovisioningandcontrollingaccessto
internallydevelopedandcommerciallyavailablemobileappsusedinbusinesssettingson
bothcompany-providedand-€œbringyourown-€?smartphonesandtabletcomputers.
MAN(n)~Ahighspeednetworkthatcancarryvoice,data,andimagesatupto200Mbps
orfasteroverdistancesofupto75km.Basedonthenetworkarchitecture,the
transmissionspeedcanbehigherforshorterdistances.AMAN,whichcanincludeoneor
moreLANsaswellastelecommunicationsequipmentsuchasmicrowaveandsatellite
relaystations,issmallerthanawideareanetworkbutgenerallyoperatesatahigherspeed.
Manage(v)~AUIelementthatenablesausertocontrolaspecificobject.
manage(v)~Toadjusttheactionoraspectsofagroupofitems,typicallydonemorethan
once.
ManageCalendars(v)~AUIelementthatenablesausertocontrolcalendars,suchas
adding,deleting,renaming,andre-orderingcalendars.
ManageDatabase(v)~Anoption,locatedontheBusinessContactManagermenu,inthe
DatabaseToolsselection,thatenablesausertomanagetheirdatabases.
ManageListsright(n)~Arightthatallowsausertoadd,modify,andremovelists,
documentlibraries,discussionboards,andsurveys.
ManagePrivacyRelationships(PN)~Themenuthatenablesuserstoassignaprivacy
relationshiptocontacts.
ManageUser-DefinedFields(v)~Anoption,foundontheBusinessContactManager
menu,thatenablestheusertocustomizemultiplefields.
managed(adj)~Executedbythecommonlanguageruntimeenvironmentratherthan
directlybytheoperatingsystem.
managedACSnamespace(n)~AnACSnamespacethatispartiallymanagedbyanother
Microsoftservice.
managedbean(n)~AJavaobjectthatallowsyoutoimplementaccesstothe
instrumentationofaresource.
ManagedCacheService(PN)~Asecure,dedicatedAzurecacheofferingbasedonthe
AppFabricCacheengine,thatismanagedbyMicrosoft.
managedclientobjectmodel(n)~AsetofmanagedlibrariesbasedontheMicrosoft
.NETFrameworkthatenabletheusertowritecodeforclientcomputerstoworkwith
manyofthecommonobjectsinSharePointsites.
managedcode(n)~Codethatisexecutedbythecommonlanguageruntimeenvironment
ratherthandirectlybytheoperatingsystem.Managedcodeapplicationsgaincommon
languageruntimeservicessuchasautomaticgarbagecollection,runtimetypechecking
andsecuritysupport,andsoon.Theseserviceshelpprovideuniformplatform-and
language-independentbehaviorofmanaged-codeapplications.
managedcodeextension(n)~Anapplication-leveladd-inordocument-level
customization.Generally,anextensiontoMicrosoftOfficethatiscreatedbyusingVisual
StudioToolsforOffice.
managedcomputer(n)~Acomputerthathasbeendiscovered,onwhichaSCEagentis
installed,andwhichismonitoredandmanagedbySCE.
ManagedComputers(PN)~Thedefaulthostgroup,whichcontainsallhostgroups
managedbyVirtualMachineManager.
managedcomputers(n)~ComputersthatarebeingmanagedbyusingWindowsIntune.
ManagedComputerslist(n)~AlistofcomputersmatchingtheManagedComputerrule
foranAgentManager.
managedcontentsettings(n)~Settingsthatareappliedtothemanagedfoldersinusers’
mailboxestocontroltheretentionandjournalingofmessagesformessagingrecords
management(MRM).Managedcontentsettingsdefinewhenmessagesthatarenolonger
neededaretoberemovedorjournaled(copied)toaseparatestoragelocationoutsidethe
mailbox.
managedcustomfolder(n)~AtypeofmanagedfolderthatiscreatedbyanExchange
administratorandplacedinauser’smailboxformessagingrecordsmanagement(MRM)
purposes.Theretentionandjournalingofmessagesinmanagedcustomfoldersare
controlledbymanagedcontentsettingsthatareappliedtothefolder.
manageddata(n)~Objectswhoselifetimesaremanagedbythecommonlanguage
runtime.Theruntimeautomaticallyhandlesobjectlayoutandmanagesreferencestothese
objects,releasingthemwhentheyarenolongerbeingused.
manageddefaultfolder(n)~Amailboxfolder(suchastheInboxfolder)thatappearsin
OfficeOutlookbydefaultandtowhichmessagingrecordsmanagement(MRM)hasbeen
applied.Theretentionandjournalingofmessagesinmanageddefaultfoldersare
controlledbymanagedcontentsettingsthatareappliedtothefolder.
manageddeployment(n)~Adeploymentperformedinamanagedenvironment,thatis
ondesktopswheresecuritysettingsareenforcedandmanagedbyITpersonnel.
ManagedE-mailFolder(n)~Ane-mailfolderwithassociatedretention,archive,or
expirationpoliciesthatareappliedtoitscontents.Organizationscanfacilitatepolicy
enforcementbyprovidingsuchfoldersforuserstoclassifye-mailmessages.
ManagedExtensibilityFramework(PN)~Acompositionlayerforthe.NETFramework
thatimprovestheflexibility,maintainability,andtestabilityoflargeapplications.MEFcan
beusedforthird-partyplug-inextensibility,oritcanbringthebenefitsofaloosely
coupledarchitecturethatissimilartoaplug-intoregularapplications.
ManagedExtensionsforC++(PN)~AsetoflanguageextensionstoC++thathelp
VisualC++developerswrite.NETFrameworkapplications.ManagedExtensionsallow
youtomixunmanagedandmanagedC++codewithinthesameapplication.
managedfolder(n)~Afolderinauser’smailboxtowhichmessagingrecords
management(MRM)hasbeenapplied.Therearetwotypesofmanagedfolders:-
€œmanageddefaultfolders-€?(suchastheInbox)appear,bydefault,inauser’sOffice
Outlookmailbox;-€œmanagedcustomfolders-€?arecreatedbyExchangeadministrators
specificallyforMRM.Theretentionandjournalingofmessagesinmanagedfoldersare
controlledbymanagedcontentsettingsthatareappliedtothefolder.
managedfoldermailboxassistant(n)~AMicrosoftExchangeMailboxAssistantthat
createsmanagedfoldersinusers’mailboxesandappliesmanagedcontentsettingstothem
formessagingrecordsmanagement(MRM).
managedfoldermailboxpolicy(n)~Alogicalgroupingofmanagedfolders.Whena
managedfoldermailboxpolicyisappliedtoauser’smailbox,allthemanagedfoldersthat
arelinkedtothepolicyaredeployedinasingleoperation,therebymakingthedeployment
ofmessagingrecordsmanagement(MRM)easier.
managedhost(n)~AvirtualmachinehostthatismanagedbyVirtualMachineManager.
managedinstance(n)~AninstanceofSQLServermonitoredbyautilitycontrolpoint.
managedkeyword(n)~AwordorphrasethatisaddedtoaSharePointitem,eitherasa
valueintheManagedKeywordcolumnorasasocialtag.
ManagedMemory(n)~Thememorywhichismanagedbydevelopers.
managedmetadata(n)~Ahierarchicalcollectionofcentrallymanagedtermsthatyou
candefine,andthenuseasattributesforitemsinSharePointServer.
managedmetadataconnection(n)~Aconnectiontoamanagedmetadataservicethat
allowssiteswithinaWebapplicationtoaccesstheservice’stermstoreand,optionally,
contenttypes.
managedmetadataservice(n)~Asharedservicethatpublishesatermstoreand,
optionally,asetofcontenttypes.
managednavigation(n)~AfeaturethatenablesSharePointcustomerstobuildtheirsite
navigationaroundametadatatermset,andthatenablesfriendlyURLsforpagesinthe
navigationstructure.
managedobject(n)~AnobjectthatismanagedusingSCE,suchasmanagedcomputers
ormanagednetworkdevices.
ManagedObjectFormat(n)~Thefiletype,basedontheInterfaceDefinitionLanguage
(IDL),thatdescribesmanagementinformation.TheMOFsyntaxisawaytodescribe
objectdefinitionsintextualform.
managedprogram(n)~AprogramthatisofferedtobeinstalledviaWindowsUpdateor
theoperator(asopposedtobeingalreadyinstalledwhentheuseracquiresthedevice).
managedproperty(n)~Apropertythatdefineshowitemswillbesavedtothesearch
index,howyoumaysearchforthepropertyandwhetherornotthepropertyisshownin
searchresults.
ManagedProvider(PN)~A.NETFrameworkdataproviderthatisusedforconnecting
HostIntegrationServer2013applicationstoadatabase,executingcommands,and
retrievingresults.
managedserviceaccount(n)~Anewtypeofdomainaccountdesignedtoprovide
applicationssuchasSQLServerorExchangewithautomaticpasswordmanagementand
simplifiedserviceprincipalname(SPN)management.
managedsolution(n)~Acompletesolutionthathasbeenpackaged.Afterthissolution
hasbeeninstalled,theextenttowhichitcanbemodifiedisspecifiedbythepublisher.
managedterm(n)~AwordoraphrasethatcanbeassociatedwithaniteminSharePoint
Server.
managedvolume(n)~AlocalNTFSfilesystem5.0volumewhosediskspaceismanaged
byRemoteStorage.RemoteStoragefreesupdiskspacebyautomaticallymoving
infrequentlyaccessedfilestoaremotestoragedevice.
managementagent(n)~Acomponentthatconsistsofproperties,rules,andrules
extensionsthatdeterminehowanobjectisprocessedinthemetadirectory.Asingle
managementagentcanhaveoneormorerunprofilesthatdeterminethemanagement
agent’sbehavior,suchashoworwhenthemanagementagentruns.
ManagementAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatcontainscontrolsandfeaturesfordeploying,
administering,andmanagingapps.
managementapplication(n)~AnapplicationorWindows2000/WindowsNTservice
thatusesinformationoriginatingfromoneormoremanagedobjectsinamanaged
environment.ManagementapplicationsretrievethisinformationthroughcallstotheCIM
ObjectManagerAPIfromtheCIMObjectManagerandfromproviders.
managementcertificate(n)~AnX.509v3certificateusedtoauthenticateanagent(such
as,theMicrosoftAzureToolsforVisualStudio)actingonbehalfofthesubscription
ownertomanagesubscriptionresources(suchashostedservices).
managementconsole(n)~Anetwork-enabledhostrunningSimpleNetworkManagement
Protocol(SNMP)managementsoftware.ThissoftwarerequestsinformationfromSNMP
agents.
managementcontroller(n)~Thehardwareandfirmwarecomponentoncomputer
motherboardsthatsupportsoutofbandmanagement.
managementdatawarehouse(n)~Arelationaldatabasethatisusedtostoredatathatis
collected.
ManagementGroup(PN)~AcollectionofallthecomponentsofanSCEdeployment,
consistingofaManagementServer,adatabaseserver,atleastoneconsole,andmanaged
objects.Bydefault,theManagementGroupnameissetbySCEduringsetup,usingthe
format<Management_Server_name>_MG.
managementgroup(n)~ThebasicfunctionalunitofanOperationsManager2007
implementationthatcanperformmonitoring.ItmustcontainaSQLServer2005database
server,aRootManagementServer,oneormoreOperationsConsolesandoneormore
agents.InadditionitcanalsocontainaReportingServer,gatewayserver,AuditCollection
Servicesserver,andadditionalcollectormanagementservers.
ManagementInformationFormatfile(n)~Afilethatcanbeusedtomodifythe
SMS/ConfigurationManagerdatabasebycreatingarchitectures,objectclasses,and
attributes.
managementmode(n)~Thestatusofacomputerthatspecifieswhetherthecomputeris
agent-managed,unmanaged,etc.
managementpack(n)~AsetoffilesthatyouinstallforusewithOperationsManager
andthatallowyoutomonitorapplicationsandaddfunctionalitytoOperationsManager.
managementpackfile(n)~AfilethatisassociatedwithanOperationsManager
managementpackandthatincorporatesoverrides,custommonitors,andcustomrules.
ManagementPackImport/ExportWizard(PN)~Thewizardtoimportandexport
managementpacks.
managementpoint(n)~TheConfigurationManagersitesystemrolethatservesasthe
primarypointofcontactbetweenAdvancedClientsandtheConfigurationManagersite
server.
managementpoint(n)~AsecondaryConfigurationManagersitemanagementpointthat
servicestheConfigurationManagerclientsthatarewithinitsboundaries.
managementpolicy(n)~Adefinitionoftheworkflowsusedformanagingcertificates
withinaCertificateLifecyleManager(CLM)profiletemplate.Amanagementpolicy
defineswhoperformsspecificmanagementtaskswithintheworkflows,andprovides
managementdetailsfortheentirelifecycleofthecertificateswithintheprofiletemplate.
ManagementPolicyRule(PN)~AruleinILMthatdefinesaconditionandthe
subsequentactiontotakewhenthatconditionismet.Managementpolicyrulesareusedto
modelthebusinessprocessingrulesforincomingrequeststoILM.
ManagementPortal(PN)~ThesecureWebportalformanagingMicrosoftAzurehosted
applicationsandservices.
ManagementPortalforMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabase(PN)~Aweb-based,
lightweightdatabasemanagementtoolforSQLAzuredatabasesthatsupportsdatabase
developmenttasks,schemamodification,Transact-SQL,andextract/deployoperations
withdata-tierapplications.
ManagementServer(n)~TheserverthathoststheWindownsMidmarketServer
AdministrationConsole,SystemCenterEssentials,andotheradministrativecomponents.
ManagementServer(n)~TheserverthathostsallSCE’sservercomponents.
managementserver(n)~ThecomponentofanOperationsManagermanagementgroup
thatisresponsibleforcommunicationwithagents,databases,andtherootmanagement
server.
managementserver(n)~ThecommunicationlayerbetweentheRunbookDesignerand
thedeploymentmanagertothedatabase.
ManagementStudio(PN)~AsuiteofmanagementtoolsincludedwithMicrosoftSQL
Serverforconfiguring,managing,andadministeringallcomponentswithinMicrosoft
SQLServer.
managementsystem(n)~Anetwork-enabledhostrunningSimpleNetworkManagement
Protocol(SNMP)managementsoftware.ThissoftwarerequestsinformationfromSNMP
agents.
managementsystem(n)~ThemanagementserverforOperationsManagerforSystem
Center2012.
Manager(PN)~AuserroleintheEngagementfunctionalityofSocialListening.Aperson
withtheManagerrolecancreateandsharewatchlistsandsocialaccounts,andcanassign
andedituserrolesforotherEngagementusers.
managingeditor(n)~Alabelthatreferstothee-mailaddressofthepersonresponsible
foreditorialcontent.
Manchesterencoding~amethodoftransmittingbitsthatallowsthereceivertoeasily
synchronizewiththesender.
mandate(n)~Theauthorizationgivenbyapayertoapayee,orbytheinstitutionwith
whichthepayer’saccountisheld,consentingtothedebitingofthepayer’saccount.
mandate(n)~Anauthorizationorcommandissuedbyagovernmentauthority.
mandatoryattribute(n)~Anobjectattributeforwhichvaluesmustbespecified.
mandatoryconstraint(n)~Aconstraintthatrequireseveryinstanceofanobjecttype’s
populationtoplaythatrole.Withadisjunctivemandatoryroleconstraint,eachmemberof
theobjecttype’spopulationmustplayatleastoneoftherolesindicated.
mandatoryfield(n)~Afieldthatmustcontainavalueifarecordisupdatedorinserted
intothedatabase.
MandatoryIntegrityControl(PN)~Amechanismforcontrollingaccesstosecurable
objectsbasedonintegritylevelsandmandatorypolicyinadditiontodiscretionaryaccess
control.Forexample,aprocessmayberequiredtohaveanintegritylevelthatisequalto
orhigherthantheintegritylevelofanobjecttoobtaincertainkindsofaccesstothat
object.
mandatoryparameter(n)~Aparameterthatmustbespecifiedwhentheprogramis
executed.
mandatoryprofile(n)~Atypeofpre-configuredroaminguserprofilethatisnotupdated
whentheuserlogsoff.
mandatoryproperty(n)~Apropertythatrequiresavaluewhenitexistsasanobjectin
theDirectoryNavigatorandinthediagram.Mandatorypropertiesthataredefinedfora
classcannotbedeleted.
mandatoryuserprofile(n)~Atypeofpre-configuredroaminguserprofilethatisnot
updatedwhentheuserlogsoff.
manifest(n)~Anintegralpartofeveryassemblythatrenderstheassemblyself-
describing.Theassemblymanifestcontainstheassembly’smetadata.Themanifest
establishestheassemblyidentity,specifiesthefilesthatmakeuptheassembly
implementation,specifiesthetypesandresourcesthatmakeuptheassembly,itemizesthe
compile-timedependenciesonotherassemblies,andspecifiesthesetofpermissions
requiredfortheassemblytorunproperly.Thisinformationisusedatruntimetoresolve
references,enforceversionbindingpolicy,andvalidatetheintegrityofloadedassemblies.
Theself-describingnatureofassembliesalsohelpsmakeszero-impactinstallandXCOPY
deploymentfeasible.
manifest(n)~AnXMLdocumentthatdescribesrequirementsforanapplication.The
applicationmanifestcanbeaseparatefileorembeddedintheapplication’s.exefile.
manifestfile(n)~Afilecontainingalistofresources,suchasgrammarfilesandprompt
databases,thatSpeechServerpreloadsandcachestoimproveperformance.SpeechServer
automaticallycreatesamanifestfile(Manifest.xml)whenanewprojectiscreated.
ManifestGenerationandEditingTool(PN)~TheManifestGenerationandEditingTool
(Mage.exe)isacommand-linetoolthatsupportsthecreationandeditingofapplication
anddeploymentmanifests.Asacommand-linetool,Mage.execanberunfrombothbatch
scriptsandotherWindows-basedapplications,includingASP.NETapplications.
man-in-the-middleattack(n)~Asecurityattackinwhichanattackerinterceptsand
possiblymodifiesdatathatistransmittedbetweentwousers.Theattackerpretendstobe
theotherpersontoeachuser.Inasuccessfulman-in-the-middleattacktheusersare
unawarethatthereisanattackerbetweentheminterceptingandmodifyingtheirdata.
manipulation(n)~Anidentifiablepatternofinputeventsoveraperiodoftimeas
interpretedforagivenapplicationcontext.
manipulationchaining(n)~Amechanismthatdeveloperscanenabletomanageuser
interactionswithachildelement.Whenausercanstartmanipulatingachildelementand
theelementreachestheboundary,theparentelementbeginsrespondingtoinput.
manual(adj)~Pertainingtoaprocessthatisperformedbyaperson,ratherthan
automated.
manualcaching(n)~Amethodofmanuallydesignatingnetworkfilesandfolderssothey
arestoredonauser’sharddiskandaccessiblewhentheuserisnotconnectedtothe
network.
Manualconfiguration(PN)~AnoptionintheAdvancedPhoneIntegration
Configurationdialogboxthatenablestheuser-enteredsettingsforphoneintegration
insteadoftheautomaticconfigurationsettings.
manualdepreciationmethod(n)~Amethodofdepreciationinwhichdepreciation
amountsareenteredmanuallyintoascheduleinsteadofbeingcalculatedfromatable.
manualdiscount(n)~Theamountsubtractedfromthesetpriceofaproductorservice
priortomultiplyingthepricebythequantitypurchased.
manualfailover(n)~Inadatabasemirroringsession,afailoverinitiatedbythedatabase
owner,whiletheprincipalserverisstillrunning,thattransfersservicefromtheprincipal
databasetothemirrordatabasewhiletheyareinasynchronizedstate.
manuallinebreak(n)~Anonprintingmarkyouinserttoendthecurrentlineand
continuethetextonthenextline.
manuallink(n)~Alinkthatrequiresyoutotakeactiontoupdateyourdataafterthedata
inthesourcedocumentchanges.
manualscheduling(n)~Atypeofschedulingthatgivestheusercontroloverstartand
finishdatesoftheirtasks.Tasksdonotautomaticallygetmovedbytheschedulingengine.
Theusercanenterblankdates,textualdates,ordatesthatdonotfollowdependencies,
calendar,andotherschedulingenginerules.
manualstyleapplicationmode(n)~Amodeinwhichthedefaultstylesettingsdefinedin
PageOptions>CSStabwillbenotbeused,butratherthestylesdefinedintheManage
Stylestaskpanefortheentirepageorforindividualitemsonapagewillneedtobe
appliedbytheuser.Thestyleapplicationmodecanalsobesettoauto.
manualtest(n)~Atestperformedbyahuman.
manualtesttemplate(n)~Atemplateusedbythesystemtogivethetesteraconsistent
experiencewhendocumentingamanualtest.
ManuallyConfigurePhoneIntegration(oth)~Adialogboxthatopenswhentheuser
clicksConfigureintheOptionsdialogbox,ontheAccountstab.Theuserentersphone
configurationinformationinthisdialogboxforthephonethatisintegratedwith
Communicator.
many-to-manydimension(n)~Arelationshipbetweenadimensionandameasuregroup
inwhichasinglefactmaybeassociatedwithmanydimensionmembersandasingle
dimensionmembermaybeassociatedwithamanyfacts.Todefinethisrelationship
betweenthedimensionandthefacttable,thedimensionisjoinedtoanintermediatefact
tableandtheintermediatefacttableisjoined,inturn,toanintermediatedimensiontable
thatisjoinedtothefacttable.
many-to-manyrelationship(n)~Anassociationbetweentwotablesinwhichonerecord
ineithertablecanrelatetomanyrecordsintheothertable.
many-to-onerelationship(n)~Arelationshipbetweentwotablesinwhichonerowin
onetablecanrelatetomanyrowsinanothertable.
map(n)~Apathinasystemthatdefinesthetransferofdatafromasourcelocationtoa
destinationlocation.
map(v)~Toassociatedatawithaspecifiedlocationinmemory.
MAP(PN)~Apowerfulinventory,assessment,andreportingtoolthatcanrunsecurelyin
smallorlargeITenvironmentswithoutrequiringtheinstallationofagentsoftwareonany
computersordevices.Thedataandanalysisprovidedbythistoolkitcansignificantly
simplifytheplanningprocessformigratingtoWindows.
map(v)~Todisplayanaddressorlocationonamap.
mapcard(n)~Acardthatappearsonthecardscreenthatuserscantouchtoopenthe
mainmapofConcierge.
mapcontrol(n)~AJavaScriptcontrolthatcontainstheobjects,methods,andeventsthat
youneedtodisplaymapspoweredbyBingMaps-„¢onyourWebsite.
maplayer(n)~Achildelementofthemap,eachmaplayerincludingelementsfortheir
mapmembersandmapmemberattributes.
mapresolution(n)~Theaccuracyatwhichthelocationandshapeofmapfeaturescanbe
depictedforagivenmapscale.Inalargescalemap(e.g.amapscaleof1:1)thereisless
reductionoffeaturesthanthoseshownonasmallscalemap(e.g.1:1,000,000).
mapscreen(n)~ThescreenwithinConciergethatdisplaysamapthatuserscaninteract
with.ThemapcanbeaVirtualEarthmaporacustommapthatyouhaveadded.Userscan
viewthemapscreeninaroadoraerialview.
maptile(n)~Oneofanumberof256x256pixelimagesthatarecombinedtocreatea
Bingmap.AmaptilecontainsasegmentofaviewoftheearthinMercatorprojection,
withpossibleroadandtextoverlaysdependingonthestyleoftheBingmap.
mapviewport(n)~Theareaofthemaptodisplayinthemapreportitem.Forexample,a
mapfortheentireUnitedStatesmightbeembeddedinareport,butonlytheareaforthe
northwesternstatesaredisplayed.-
MAPI(n)~Amessagingarchitecturethatenablesmultipleapplicationstointeractwith
multiplemessagingsystemsacrossavarietyofhardwareplatforms.MAPIisbuiltonthe
ComponentObjectModel(COM)foundation.
mappeddatafield(n)~Afieldthatrepresentscommonlyusedinformation,suchasFirst
Name.’Ifadatasourcecontainsa‘FirstName’fieldorvariation
mappeddrive(n)~IntheWindowsenvironment,anetworkdrivethathasbeenassigned
alocaldriveletterandislocallyaccessible.
mappedfile(n)~Afilewhosecontentsareassociatedwithaportionofthevirtualaddress
spaceofaprocess.Itcanbeusedtoshareafileormemorybetweentwoormore
processes.
mappedrange(n)~ArangeinanXMLlistthathasbeenlinkedtoanelementinanXML
map.
mapper(n)~Acomponentthatmapsobjects.
Mappergrid(n)~Themulti-layeredmiddleareaofthemainBizTalkMapperwindow,
betweenthesourceanddestinationschemas,inwhichdatamappingisdefined.
mapping(n)~Aspecificationofthecorrespondencesbetweenitemsinaconceptual
modelanditemsinastoragemodel.
mappingschema(n)~AdocumentwhichdefineshowNavisionrecordsandOutlook
itemsarecorrelated.TheNavisionSynchronizationAdd-inwhichisinstalledonOutlook
sidereceivesthemappingschemafromNavisionintheXMLformatandkeepsitinthe
isolatedstorage.
mappingspecificationlanguage(n)~AnXML-basedlanguagethatisusedtomapitems
definedinaconceptualmodeltoitemsinastoragemodel.
MapReduce(PN)~Asoftwareframeworkforwritingapplicationswhichprocessvast
amountsofdata.
Maps(PN)~TheBingservicethatallowssearchandviewofmapsandsatelliteimages.
Maps(PN)~AuniversalappforWindowsandWindowsPhone,usedformapsand
directions.
margin(n)~Theblankspaceoutsidetheprintingareaonapage.
margin(n)~Thespacebetweenacontrolandtheother,adjoiningcontrolsonaformor
page.
marginguide(n)~Oneofthelayoutguidesonthetop,bottom,left,andrightsidesofa
pagethatisusedtodefineitsmargins.
MarkasFinal(v)~Anoptionthatappliesaread-onlystatetoadocumentinsideclient
applications.
markread(v)~Toremoveunreadmarkersfromspecifiedelementsintheworkspace.
marker(n)~AtextstringthatisassociatedwithadesignatedtimeinWindowsMedia-
basedcontent.Markersoftendenoteconvenientpointstobeginplayback,suchasthestart
ofanewscene.
marker(n)~Avisualindicatorthatidentifiesadatapoint.Inamapreport,amarkeristhe
visualindicatorthatidentifiesthelocationofeachpointonthepointlayer.
markermap(n)~Amapthatdisplaysamarkerateachlocation(forexample,cities)and
variesmarkercolor,size,andtype.
market(n)~Ageographicregioninwhichaproductisavailable.Typically,market
boundariesaredeterminedbycountry/regionboundaries.
marketbasketanalysis(PN)~Astandarddataminingalgorithmthatanalyzesalistof
transactionstomakepredictionsaboutwhichitemsaremostfrequentlypurchased
together.
marketsegment(n)~Aclassificationofcustomersorpotentialcustomersbasedon
sharedtraits,suchasgeography,demographics,orotherpersonalcharacteristics,forthe
purposeoftargetingproductsandservices.
marketingautomation(n)~Asubsetofcustomerrelationshipmanagement(CRM)that
focusesonthedefinition,scheduling,segmentationandtrackingofmarketingcampaigns.
MarketingCampaign(n)~Afeaturethathelpsabusinessownermarket/sell/bring
visibility/increaseawarenessabouttheirbusinessthroughadvertising.
marketingcampaign(n)~Amarketingprogramdesignedtoaccomplishaspecificresult,
suchasintroducinganewproductorincreasingmarketshare.Themainwayto
accomplishthisresultisthroughcommunicatingthebenefitsofaproductorserviceto
peopleandbusinesses.Campaignsoftenincludemorethanonecommunicationmethod,
suchasprintadvertisements,promotionaldiscounts,anddirectmail.
MarketingCampaignPlanning(n)~Atemplatethatoutlinesthevariousconsiderations
youmightneedinordertoplanamarketingcampaigninyourorganization.Planninga
marketingcampaignbeginswithunderstandingyoupositioninthemarketplaceandends
withcollectingdataandanalyzingcampaigneffectiveness.
MarketingEventPlanningandExecution(n)~Atemplatethatoutlinesthemain
categoriesthatyoushouldconsiderwhenbeginningtoplanamarketingevent.-Usethis
templatetoassistyouinwalkingthroughkeyeventelementswhileyouareintheplanning
stages.
marketinglist(n)~Agroupofaccountscontactsorleadswhoareidentifiedthroughtheir
demographicsaspeopleorbusinesseswhomightbethemostreceptivetoacampaign.For
exampletointroduceanewproductyoucancreateamarketinglistofaccountsthathave
previouslypurchasedsimilarproductsandsendthembrochuresaboutthenewproduct.
MarketingManager(n)~Apersonwhohandlesmarketingprogramsfortheproductsor
productfamiliesthathisorhercompanysells.Thispersonassistsandinformssenior
managementaboutmarketingneeds.Thispersonalsoworkscloselywithvendorstoget
marketingmaterialspreparedandcampaignsrun.Thispersonfacilitatesco-marketingand
brandingeffortswithpartners.
marketingportal(n)~AviewintoDynamicsCRMbyasalespersonsothesalesperson
canseecontactinformationforpotentialcustomers.
marketingpreferences(n)~Productsettingsthatsomeonechoosestoreceiveorreject
promotionalmailingsfromMicrosoftorpartners.
Marketplace(n)~AfeaturethatprovidesanareaoftheOfficeLiveSmallBusinessWeb
sitewherethird-partyandpartnersolutionandserviceprovidersarelisted.
Marketplace(PN)~AnInternetsitethatmakesiteasyforuserstodiscoverthesoftware
andhardwarethatworkbestfortheirWindowsPCormobiledeviceuse,findthenewest
andmostpopularproductsonthemarket,compareproductdetails,andreadreviewsfrom
otherusers.
Marketplace(PN)~AnInternetsitethatmakesiteasyforuserstodiscoverthesoftware
andhardwarethatworkbestfortheirMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuse,findthenewestand
mostpopularproductsonthemarket,compareproductdetails,andreadreviewsfrom
otherusers.
markup(n)~Commentsandtrackedchangessuchasinsertions,deletions,andformatting
changes.
markup(n)~Thetagstomarkelements,suchastextandgraphics,inadocumentto
indicatehowWebbrowsersshoulddisplaytheseelementstotheuserandshouldrespond
touseractions.
markup(n)~Anamountaddedtothecurrentorstandardcostthatisusedtodetermine
thesalepriceofvariousitems.
markupballoon(n)~Anoutlinedcontainerthatdisplaysamarkupelement,suchasa
commentorrevision,inthemarginofadocument.
markupcompatibility(n)~Theabilityforadocumentexpressedinoneamarkup
languagetofacilitateinteroperabilitybetweenapplications,orversionsofanapplication,
withdifferentfeaturesets.
MarkupCompatibilitynamespace(n)~AsetofXMLelementsandattributesdefinedin
amarkupspecification.
markupcontainer(n)~ThestagingareaforeditinganHTMLdocumentorHTML
fragments.
markupextension(n)~AnextensiontoXAMLthatcanprovidevaluesforpropertiesof
anattribute,propertiesofapropertyelement,orboth.
markuplanguage(n)~Asetofcodesinatextfilethatinstructacomputerhowtoformat
itonaprinterorvideodisplayorhowtoindexandlinkitscontents.Examplesofmarkup
languagesareHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)andExtensibleMarkupLanguage
(XML),whichareusedinWebpages,andStandardGeneralizedMarkupLanguage
(SGML),whichisusedfortypesettinganddesktoppublishingpurposesandinelectronic
documents.Markuplanguagesofthissortaredesignedtoenabledocumentsandother
filestobeplatform-independentandhighlyportablebetweenapplications.
markuporder(n)~Thestackingorderofobjectsinadocumentthatisbaseduponthe
ordertheobjectsappearinmarkup,suchasXAML.
markupoverlay(n)~Translucentshapes,inkshapes,orcommentsthataresuperimposed
overadrawingwithoutchangingtheunderlyingdrawing.
marquee(n)~Movingtextthatisusedonadataaccesspagetodrawtheuser’sattention
toaspecificpageelement,suchasaheadlineoranimportantannouncement.
marqueecomponent(n)~Acontrolorcomponentonapagethatdisplaysmovingtext.
MARS(n)~AserviceforresolvingmulticastIPaddressestotheasynchronoustransfer
mode(ATM)addressesoftheclientsthathavejoinedthatmulticastgroup.MARScan
workinconjunctionwiththemulticastserver(MCS)andclientstodistributemulticast
datathroughpoint-to-multipointconnections.
MARS(n)~ASQLServer2005featurethatprovidestheabilitytohavemorethanone
pendingrequestperconnection,inparticulartohavemorethanonedefaultresultsetopen
perconnection.SQLServer2000andearlierrestrictedtheprogrammingmodelsuchthat
atanypointintimetherewouldbeatmostonependingrequestonagivensession,
blockingthedriverfromsendingrequeststotheserveruntiltheentireresultsetis
consumed.
marshal(v)~Topackageandsendinterfacemethodparametersacrossthreadorprocess
boundaries.
marshaling(n)~Theprocessofpackagingandsendinginterfacemethodparameters
acrossthreadorprocessboundaries.
mashup(n)~Awebapplicationthatcombinesfunctionalityordatafrommultiplesources
intoasingle,integratedservice,application,ormedium.
MashupRuntime(PN)~Theexecutioncontainerforhostingapplicationsthatcontext-
sensitivelyretrieve,mix,andmatchcomponents,dataandfunctionalityfrommorethan
onesourcetocreateasinglenewservicedisplayedinasinglegraphicalinterface.
mask(n)~Afilterthatselectivelyincludesorexcludescertainvalues.
maskplaceholder(n)~Acharacterusedinamaskedcontrolwhenthereisnouserinput
todisplay.
maskinggroup(n)~Agroupoflogicaldisks,targetports,andinitiatorportsusedforbulk
mask/unmaskoperations.
masquerade~atypeofattackwheretheattackerpretendstobeanauthorizeduserofa
systeminordertogainaccesstoitortogaingreaterprivilegesthantheyareauthorized
for.AmasquerademaybeattemptedthroughtheuseofstolenlogonIDsandpasswords,
throughfindingsecuritygapsinprograms,orthroughbypassingtheauthentication
mechanism.
massmailer(n)~Awormthatpropagatesthroughe-mailbysendingacopyofitselfasan
e-mailattachmenttonumerouse-mailaddresses.
massstoragedevice(n)~Agenerictermfordisk,opticaldisk,orotherdevicethat
providespersistentstorageforcomputerdata.
massivelymultiplayeron-linegame(n)~AgameconductedovertheInternetinwhicha
largenumberofplayers(hundredsorthousands)participatesimultaneously.
mass-storagecontroller(n)~Adeviceonwhichmass-storagedevicesrelyforaccesstoa
computersubsystem.Forexample,aSCSIcardorIDEfunctionalityonthemotherboardis
amass-storagecontroller;thephysicalharddriveisamass-storagedevice.
master(n)~Aslidevieworpageonwhichyoudefineformattingforallslidesorpagesin
yourpresentation.Eachpresentationhasamasterforeachkeycomponent:slides,title
slides,speaker’snotes,andaudiencehandouts.
master(n)~Ashapeonastencilthatyouuserepeatedlytocreatedrawings.
masterbootcode(n)~Asmallamountofexecutablecodecontainedinthemasterboot
recordthatscansthepartitiontablefortheactivepartition,findsthestartingsectorofthe
activepartition,loadsacopyofthebootsectorfromtheactivepartitionintomemory,and
transferscontroltotheexecutablecodeinthebootsector.
masterbootrecord(n)~Thefirstsectoronaharddisk,whichbeginstheprocessof
startingthecomputer.TheMBRcontainsthepartitiontableforthediskandasmall
amountofexecutablecodecalledthemasterbootcode.
MasterCategoryList(n)~Thelistofcategoriesthatyoucanusetogroupitemsorto
finditems.ThislistcontainsgeneralcategoriessuchasBusiness,Personal,andPhone
Calls.Youcanaddcategoriestoanddeletecategoriesfromthislist.
mastercopy(n)~Themostrecentlychecked-inversionofafileorprojectstoredina
VisualSourceSafedatabase.
masterdata(n)~Thecriticaldataofabusiness,suchascustomer,product,location,
employee,andasset.Masterdatafallgenerallyintofourgroupings:people,things,places,
andconceptsandcanbefurthercategorized.Forexample,withinpeople,thereare
customer,employee,andsalesperson.Withinthings,thereareproduct,part,store,and
asset.Withinconcepts,therearethingslikecontract,warrantee,andlicenses.Finally,
withinplaces,thereareofficelocationsandgeographicdivisions.
masterdata(n)~Entitiesthatdescribetheparties,locations,products,andactivitiesthat
arereferencedbyentitiesthatdocumentandrecordeconomic,resourceflow,and
accountingevents.
masterdatamanagement(n)~Thetechnology,tools,andprocessesrequiredtocreate
andmaintainconsistentandaccuratelistsofmasterdataofanorganization.
MasterDataServices(PN)~Amasterdatamanagementapplicationtoconsistently
defineandmanagethecriticaldataentitiesofanorganization.
MasterDataServicesConfigurationManager(PN)~ASQLServerconfiguration
managerusedtocreateandconfigureMasterDataServicesdatabases,Websites,andWeb
applications.
masterdatabase(n)~Thesystemdatabasethatrecordsallthesystem-levelinformation
foraninstanceofSQLServer.
masterdesignset(n)~Adesignsetthatincludesabroadcollectionofcommonbusiness
publications.
masterdocument(n)~Acontainer’forasetofseparatefiles(orsubdocuments).Youcan
useamasterdocumenttosetupandmanageamultipartdocument
masterelement(n)~Anelementinaparentdocumenttowhichachilddocumentis
attached.Examplesofmasterelementsareinput,frame,iframe,orelementscreatedbyan
elementbehavior.
MasterExplorer(n)~Awindowthatshowsahierarchicalviewofthemastersandstyles.
masterfile(n)~ThefileinstalledwithearlierversionsofSQLServerusedtostorethe
master,model,andtempdbsystemdatabasesandtransactionlogsandthepubssample
databaseandtransactionlog.
masterfiletable(n)~AnNTFSsystemfileonNTFS-formattedvolumesthatcontains
informationabouteachfileandfolderonthevolume.TheMFTisthefirstfileonan
NTFSvolume.
masterimage(n)~Theharddiskimagefromwhichthemanufacturercreatesallother
operatingsystemimagesonthecomputersbeingmanufactured.Themasterimageisthe
finaloperatingsystemimagethatcontainsallofthesoftware,configurationsettingsand
othercustomizationsrequestedbythesolutionprovider.Itisinstalledoneverycomputer
inaparticularofferingduringmanufacturing.
masterinstallation(n)~AcustomizedinstallationofWindowsthatanOriginal
EquipmentManufacturer(OEM)orcorporationplanstoduplicateontooneormore
destinationcomputers.
masterkey(n)~Thekeyusedbytheclientandserverforallsessionkeygeneration.The
masterkeyisusedtogeneratetheclient-readkey,theclient-writekey,theserver-readkey,
andtheserver-writekey.MasterkeyscanbeexportedassimplekeyBLOBs.
masterpage(n)~Apagethatdefinesthelayoutandcommonelementsforasetofweb
pages.Itismergedatruntimewithcontentpagesthatdefinepage-specificcontent.
masterpage(n)~Apagethatcontainsthedesignandlayoutelementsthatyouwantto
repeatonmultiplepagesinapublication.Usingmasterpagesforthesecommonelements
givesyourpublicationamoreconsistentappearance.
MasterPageGallery(n)~Acollectionofpageswiththe.masterextensionthatdefine
sharedpageelementsandcontentplaceholders.
masterplanning(n)~Aplanningprocessthatencompassesmanymanufacturing
activities,suchasdemandmanagement,productionandresourceplanning,andmaster
scheduling.
masterproject(n)~Aprojectcontainingoneormoreinsertedprojects.Thesecanretain
linkstotheirsourceprojectsandmaybelinkedtooneanother.
masterprojectplan(n)~Adeliverableoftheplanningphaseforadevelopmentproject.
Itconsolidatesfeatureteamandroleplans.Themasterprojectplanincludesabudgetplan,
capacityplan,communicationsplan,deploymentplan,developmentplan,pilotplan,
purchasingandfacilitiesplan,securityplan,testplan,andtrainingplan.
masterprojectschedule(n)~Aschedulethatidentifiesalltheproject’sactivitiesand
milestones,consolidatingallteamandroleschedules.Themasterprojectscheduleisa
deliverableoftheplanningphase.
masterscheduling(n)~Theprocessforgeneratingatimetableformatchingsupplywith
demand.
mastersecret(n)~Asecuritykeygeneratedbythemastersecretserverwhenan
EnterpriseSingleSign-On(SSO)Administratorrequestsit.Thissecretkeyisstoredinthe
registryasaLocalSecurityAuthority(LSA)secretonthemastersecretserver.OnlySSO
Administratorscanaccessthissecretkey.
mastersecretserver(n)~Aprotocolserverthatstoresandcanprovideamastersecretin
responsetoarequestfromaprotocolclient.
masterserver(n)~Aserverthatdistributesjobsandreceiveseventsfrommultiple
servers.
mastershape(n)~Ashapeonastencilthatyouuserepeatedlytocreatedrawings.When
youdragashapefromastencilontothedrawingpage,theshapebecomesaninstanceof
thatmaster.
mastertext(n)~Theslidetextontheslidemaster.Themastertextdeterminestheformat
oftextonallslidesaswellastheshapeoftextplaceholdersandtheirplacementonslides.
masteruserdomain(n)~AWindowsNTdomainthatholdsuseraccountdata.
Master/Slave~Busaccessmethodwherebytherighttotransmitisassignedtoonedevice
only,theMaster,andalltheotherdevices,theSlavesmayonlytransmitwhenrequested.
master/subordinate(adj)~Pertainingtoanarchitectureinwhichonedevice(theprimary
device)controlsoneormoreotherdevices(thesecondarydevices)
MasterCardSecureCode(PN)~Acodethatcreditcardcompaniesusetoauthorizecredit
cardcharges.Forexample,AmericanExpressusesafour-digitnumberonthefrontofthe
creditcard,andVisa,MasterCard,andDiscoveruseathree-digitnumberontheback.
Mastered(adj)~AfilesystemusedtocreateCDsandDVDs.Discscreatedusingthe
Masteredformataremorelikelytobecompatiblewitholdercomputers,butanadditional
stepisrequiredtoburnthecollectionoffilestothedisc.
master-levelguide(n)~AguidethatiscreatedandeditedinSlideMasterview,andthat
appliestoslidesthatusethemasterlayoutinwhichitwascreated.
MatchCodeUpdate(PN)~Asystemjobthatscansthesystemforrecordsforwhich
matchcodesarenotupdatedandpersisttheircorrespondingmatchcodesinthedatabase
(thiswakesupevery5mins).
matchcode(n)~Analphanumericidentifierthatisusedtodeterminewhetherarecordis
unique.Eachmatchcodeisderivedfromthedatainselectedfieldsinarecord.
MatchedNameSelectionMethod(n)~Themechanismusedtohelpacallerdifferentiate
betweenuserswithnamesthatmatchthetouch-toneorspeechinput.
matchednameselectionmethod(n)~Themechanismusedtohelpacallerdifferentiate
betweenuserswithnamesthatmatchthetouch-toneorspeechinput.
matching(n)~Linkingtransactionsfromtheelectronicbanksitetoopendocumentsin
paymentprocessingortointernalbankaccountledgerentriesinbankreconciliation.---
matchingdiscrepancy(n)~Anytypeofvariancethatisdetectedwhenavendorinvoice
ismatchedtoapurchaseorderandapackingslip.Thismayincludevariancesinprice,
quantity,andmiscellaneouscharges.
matchingpolicy(n)~Apolicythatcontrolsthepurchaseorder,productreceipt,and
vendorinvoicematchingrequirementsintheaccountspayableprocess.Thepolicycan
mandatenomatchingrequirementoracombinationofunitpricematching,extendedprice
matching,quantitymatching,linematching,ortotalmatchingrequirements.
matchingprinciple(n)~Arulethatspecifieswhethermatchingcostandrevenueona
fixed-priceprojectshouldbehandledasonetransaction(salesvalue)orastwo
transactions(production+profit).
matchmaking(n)~TheprocesswheretheACDfindsanagenttoconnectto.
material(n)~Apart’of3Dcontentthatprovidestextureto3Dgeometries.Combined
withlight
materiallabel(n)~Theunitofmeasureforamaterialresource,suchastons,cubicyards,
orboardfeet.
materialresource(n)~Asupplyorotherconsumableitemthatisusedtocompletetasks
inaproject.
materialize(v)~Toconvertasnapshotofavirtualcatalogtoabasecatalog.Avirtual
catalogthathasbeenmaterializedhastheperformanceofabasecatalogforallsearchand
browseoperations,butiseditedasavirtualcatalog.
materials(n)~Contentandresourcesthataremadeavailableaspartofaclassandthat
canbeassociatedwithindividuallessonsorassignments.
MathAutocorrect(n)~Afeaturethatallowsvariousmathematicalsymbolstobeentered
usingthekeyboard.
mathexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatusesnumericvalues,suchasintegers,fixed-
pointnumbers,andfloating-pointnumbers,andoperators,suchasaddition,subtraction,
multiplication,anddivision.
MathInkPanel(PN)~TheActiveXcontroloftheMathInputPanelandMathInput
Controlthathandlesinking,recognizercalls,andcorrectionexperience.
MathInputControl(PN)~Acontrolthatprovidesintegrationofmathhandwriting
recognitionfunctionalityintootherapplications.Thiscontrolisforapplicationsthatwant
toincludemathrecognitionfunctionalitybutdonotwanttofullyimplementtheirown
mathrecognitionuserinterface.
MathInputPanel(PN)~AWindowsaccessorythatenableshandwritteninputofmath
expressionsaswellaseasy-to-usecorrectionofrecognitionresults.Itsfunctionalityis
analogoustothatofTabletInputPanel.
mathrecognizer(n)~TheunderlyingenginebelowMathInkPanelandMathResult
Panelthatenablesconvertinghandwrittenmathexpressionsintoelectronicformat
(MathML)thusfacilitatingwritingmathformulasinanaturalway.
MathResultPanel(PN)~TheActiveXcontroloftheMathInputPanelandMathInput
Controlinchargeofdisplayinghandwritingrecognitionresultinrealtime,therecognizer
state,errormessagesandhints.
mathematicalequation(n)~Amathematicalstatementthatassertstheequalityoftwo
mathematicalexpressions.
mathematicalexpression(n)~Amathematicalstatementwhosesymbolscomprise
numbers,variables,andmathematicaloperations.
mathematicalformula(n)~Amathematicalstatementinaformallanguagethatcanbe
givenasemanticmeaning.
mathematicalstatement(n)~Acombinationofsymbolsthatformalogicalsentencethat
istrueorfalseunderagiveninterpretation.
MathematicsAdd-in(PN)~Anadd-inforWordandOneNotethathelpsuserstoperform
mathematicalcalculationsandplotgraphsintheirWorddocumentsandOneNote
notebooks.
MathML(PN)~AnapplicationofXMLfordescribingmathematicalnotationand
capturingbothitsstructureandcontent.ThegoalofMathMListoenablemathematicsto
beserved,received,andprocessedontheWeb,justasHTMLhasenabledthis
functionalityfortext.
matrix(n)~Anarrangementofrowsandcolumnsusedfororganizingrelateditems,such
asnumbers,dots,spreadsheetcells,orcircuitelements.
Matrix(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayouttypethatincludeslayoutsdesignedtoshowhow
partsrelatetoawhole.
matrixdataregion(n)~Areportitemonareportlayoutthatdisplaysdatainavariable
columnarformat.
matrixorganization(n)~Anorganizationalstructureinwhichemployeesreportto
multiplemanagersfordifferentpurposes,suchastoonemanagerforadministrative
purposesandtoanotherforprojectpurposes.
Mature(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
Mature(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheOfficeofFilmandLiterature
Classification(OFLC).
MatureAudienceOnly(n)~ATVratingssystemusedbyTVnetworksintheUnited
Statestoindicatetoviewersthataparticularshowisintendedforamatureaudienceonly.
Maturecontent(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
MatureHumor(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
MatureSexualThemes(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainment
SoftwareRatingBoard(ESRB).
maturitylevel(n)~Thedegreeofprocessimprovementacrossapredefinedsetofprocess
areasinwhichallgoalswithinthesetareattained.
MaturityRating(PN)~Aratingoutlininganyagerestrictionsorrecommendationsfora
givenfilm.
maxduration(oth)~Thelongesteventtimeforanyperformanceeventinthegroup.
maxheartrate(n)~Thefastestheartrate(measuredperminute)anindividualcansafely
achievethroughexercisestress.
maxpoints(n)~Thehighestnumericscorethatastudentcanreceiveonanassignment,
withoutbeingawardedextracredit.
maximize(v)~Toenlargeawindowtoitslargestsizebydouble-clickingthetitlebar,
clickingtheMaximizebutton(attherightofthetitlebar),orbypressing
ALT+SPACEBARandthenpressingX.
maximizedwindow(n)~Awindowdisplayedatitsmaximumsize.Amaximizedwindow
hastheWS_MAXIMIZEstyle.
maximumcapitalization(n)~ThemaximumWIPvaluethatcanbepostedtoan
investmentproject.
maximumconcurrentcalls(n)~Aconfigurationsettingthatrepresentsthemaximum
numberofconcurrentcallstoserviceinstancesthatareexecuting.
maximumconcurrentsessions(n)~Aconfigurationsettingthatrepresentsthemaximum
numberofclientsessionsthatcanbeactiveatthesametimeforserviceinstancesin
memory.
maximumdifference(n)~Aparameterreportedintheconformancetestresultsthat
indicatesthemaximumnumberofdifferencesbetweentwofilesthatarebeingcompared.
MaximumTransmissionUnit(n)~Thelargestpacketofdatathatcanbetransmittedona
network.MTUsizevaries,dependingonthenetwork—576bytesonX.25networks,for
example,1500bytesonEthernet,and17,914byteson16MbpsTokenRing.
ResponsibilityfordeterminingthesizeoftheMTUlieswiththelinklayerofthenetwork.
Whenpacketsaretransmittedacrossnetworks,thepathMTU,orPMTU,representsthe
smallestpacketsize(theonethatallnetworkscantransmitwithoutbreakingupthe
packet)amongthenetworksinvolved.
maximumunits(n)~Themaximumpercentageornumberofunitsthataresourceis
availabletobescheduledforanytasks.Themaximumunitsvalueindicatesthehighest
capacityatwhichtheresourceisavailableforwork;thedefaultvalueis100percent.
MB(n)~Usually1,048,576bytes.Itissometimesinterpretedas1millionbytes.
MB/month(PN)~TheunitofmeasurefortheCacheMemoryresourcethatisequalto
1,024CacheMemory(MB/month)units.
MBCS(n)~Amixed-widthcharacterset,inwhichsomecharactersconsistofmorethan1
byte.AnMBCSisusedinlanguagessuchasJapanese,Chinese,andKorean,wherethe
256possiblevaluesofasingle-bytecharactersetarenotsufficienttorepresentallpossible
characters.
MBean(n)~AJavaobjectthatallowsyoutoimplementaccesstotheinstrumentationofa
resource.
MBOXfile(n)~Aspecially-constructedtextfile,usablebyanytexteditor,thatcontains
mailmessageswithinthefile.
mbps(n)~Ameasurementofdatatransferspeedoveragivenconnectionequaltoone
millionbitspersecond.
Mbps~(MegaBitsPerSecond)-Ameasureofspeedofinformationflowoveranetwork
(andifit’smeasuredinMbps,it’sreasonablyquick.)-AMegabitisonemillion-bits.
(Actuallyslightlymoreifyouwanttoegtpedanticaboutit).Seealso-bps,-Kbps.
MBR(n)~Acharacteristicofadatastreaminwhichthesamecontentisencodedat
severaldifferentbitratesinodertooptimizecontentdelivery.
MBR(n)~Thefirstsectoronaharddisk,whichbeginstheprocessofstartingthe
computer.TheMBRcontainsthepartitiontableforthediskandasmallamountof
executablecodecalledthemasterbootcode.
MBRdisk(n)~Adiskthatusesthemasterbootrecord(MBR)partitionstyle.
MCDI(n)~AstandardofvideocompressionandfileformatdevelopedbytheMoving
PicturesExpertsGroupfordescriptionandsearchofmultimediacontentdata.
MCF(n)~AframeworkusedtoconnectMOMsystomtoothermanagementsystems,
suchasIBMtivoly,HPOpenviewetc.
MCGA(n)~AnoldervideoadapterincludedintheIBMPS/2Models25and30.The
MCGAwascapableofemulatingtheCGA(Color/GraphicsAdapter)andprovidedtwo
additionalgraphicsmodes:thefirstmodehad640horizontalpixelsby480verticalpixels
with2colorschosenfromapaletteof262,144colors;thesecondhad320horizontal
pixelsby200verticalpixelswith256colorschosenfromapaletteof262,144colors.
MCITP(PN)~Asetofcertificationsprovingacomprehensivesetofskillstoperforma
particularITjobrolebasedonolderversionsofMicrosofttechnologies,suchasdatabase
administratororenterprisemessagingadministrator.
MCP(n)~AprofessionalwhohastheskillstosuccessfullyimplementaMicrosoft
productortechnologyaspartofabusinesssolutioninanorganization.
MCS(n)~Aservicethatmanageszeroormoremulticastgroupsanddistributesmulticast
datasenttoitbyclientsofthosemulticastgroupsthroughpoint-to-multipointconnections.
MCS(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsmultipleTCP/IPconnectionsfromtheinitiatortothe
targetforthesameiSCSIsession.
MCV(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstinfectionscausedbymeningococcal
bacteria.
MD5(n)~Anindustry-standardone-way,128-bithashingscheme,developedbyRSA
DataSecurity,Inc.,andusedbyvariousPoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)vendorsfor
encryptedauthentication.
MDAC(n)~AsuiteofdataaccessAPIsthatshipwiththeWindowsoperatingsystem.
DataAccessComponentsincludesthreemajorAPIsurfaces-€”ADO,OLEDB,and
ODBC-€”eachofwhichisoptimizedforadifferentsetofapplications.Allthreemajor
componentsofDataAccessComponentsemploytheprovidermodel,whichallowsaccess
toavarietyofdatasourcesusingavirtuallyidenticalsetofprogrammaticcalls.
MDEfile(n)~MicrosoftAccessdatabase(.mdb)filewithallmodulescompiledandall
editablesourcecoderemoved.
MDI(n)~Aspecificationaccordingtowhichdocumentsareopenedintowindows
(sometimescalledchildwindows)thatareconstrainedtoasingleprimary(parent)
window.
MDI(PN)~Agraphicaluserinterfacethatallowstheusertodisplaymultipledocuments
atthesametime,witheachdocumentdisplayedinitsownwindow.Documents(orchild
windows)arecontainedinaparentwindow,whichprovidesaworkspaceforallthechild
windowsintheapplication.
MDIL(n)~Amethodforcompilingcodetonativeassemblyinstructionswhenever
possible,andcompilingtheresttopseudoinstructionsthatcanquicklybetranslatedto
nativeinstructionsonthetargetdevice.
MDM(n)~Softwarethatsecures,monitors,manages,andsupportsmobiledevices
deployedacrossmobileoperators,serviceproviders,andenterprises.
MDN(n)~Arequestfordispositioninformationfromarecipientafteramessagehasbeen
successfullydelivered.Theinformationmightincludewhetherthemessagewas
displayed,printed,ordeletedwithoutdisplay,orifarecipientrefusedtosendnotification.
MDS(PN)~Amasterdatamanagementapplicationtoconsistentlydefineandmanagethe
criticaldataentitiesofanorganization.
MDT(PN)~Therecommendedprocessandtoolsettoautomatedesktopandserver
deployment.
MDX(n)~Alanguageforqueryingandmanipulatingdatainmultidimensionalobjects
(OLAPcubes).
MDXEditor(PN)~ThedialogboxthatallowsuserstoentercustomMDXforanAdd-in
forExcelmatrix.
MDXformula(n)~Theonlineanalyticalprocessing(OLAP)equivalentofanSQLquery.
me(oth)~TheUIlabelinMessengerfortheaspectofthesocialviewthatdisplays
unprioritizedrecentsocialactivityoftheuser.
Me(PN)~AtileintheStartscreenthatprovidestotheuserquickaccesstopost
messages,checkintolocations,orreviewnotificationsfromvariousservicesandsocial
networks.
meanopinionscore(n)~Awidelyacceptednumericalindicationofperceivedaudio
qualityoftransmittedspokenmaterial.Itisthemeanofvalues(from1to5)assignedby
subjectstotestsentencesinanACRtestorthemeanofvaluesobjectivelypredictedby
softwarealgorithms,suchasthoseprovidedbytheMicrosoftUCsolution.
measles,mumpsandrubellavaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstmeasles,
mumps,andrubella.
measles,mumps,rubellaandchickenpoxvaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunization
againstmeasles,mumps,rubella,andvaricella(chickenpox).
measure(n)~Apropertyofanobjectthatcanbequantifiednumerically.
measure(n)~Inacube,asetofvaluesthatareusuallynumericandarebasedona
columninthefacttableofthecube.Measuresarethecentralvaluesthatareaggregated
andanalyzed.
Measure(n)~ArepresentationofmetadataassociatedwithParaturedatathatisusedin
PremiumReports.
measuredimension(n)~Adimensionusedtocharacterizethemagnitudeofa
measurement.
measuregroup(n)~AcollectionofrelatedmeasuresinanAnalysisServicescube.The
measuresaregenerallyfromthesamefacttable.
MeasuredBoot(PN)~Afeaturethatvalidates,signs,andstoresbootinformationinthe
TrustedPlatformModulechiptoverifytheintegrityofthePC.
measurement(n)~Themagnitudeofthepropertyofanobjectcalibratedagainstoneor
moreunitsofmeasure.
MeasurementConverter(PN)~Anactionthatcanbeenabledtoidentifyandprovide
conversionsforinternationalunitsofmeasurement.
measurementunit(n)~Thesizeordistanceintherealworld.
MEBxAccount(n)~ThefunctionalityintheManagementEngineBIOSextension
(MEBx)onAMT-basedcomputersusedforinitialauthenticatedaccesstotheAMT
firmwareonAMT-basedcomputersinConfigurationManager2007SP1andlater.
mechanicalsensor(n)~Acategoryofsensorthatisusedformechanicalmeasurementof
force,scale,pressure,strain,etc.
media(n)~Anyfixedorremovableobjectsthatstorecomputerdata.Examplesinclude
harddisks,floppydisks,tapes,andcompactdiscs.
media(n)~Videofiles,audiofiles,imagefiles,3Dobjectfiles,oranyotherfilesthatcan
beusedinyourproject.
Media(PN)~AnAPIforaudio,imaging,andvideomultimedia.
mediaaccesscontrol(n)~ThesublayeroftheIEEE802specificationsthatdefines
networkaccessmethodsandframing.
mediaasset(n)~Adigitalmediafile.
mediaasset(n)~Aunitofmediaprogramming,suchasatelevisionprogram,amovie,or
adigitalmusictrack,thataredeliveredtoasubscriberinexchangeforon-demandfeesor
subscriptionfees.Assetsareusuallyfilesthatarestoredonamediaserver.
MediaBrowser(PN)~ApanelwithintheToolboxthatprovidesbrowsingandpreviewing
ofmusic,movies,images,andothermediafiles.
MediaCenterExtender(n)~Ahardwaredevicethat,whenconnectedtoaTV,includes
theabilitytoextendtheWindowsMediaCenterexperienceandmediaonthatTV.
MediaCenterExtras(PN)~Acollectionofthird-partyextensibilityapplicationsfor
WindowsMediaCenter.
mediaclip(n)~Asinglemediafile,includingart,sound,animation,ormovies.
mediaentry(n)~Anindividualentryinaplaylistthatspecifiesthelocationofamedia
asset,andforWebplaylists,additionalattributessuchaswhetherthemediaassetcanbe
soughtorskippedbyclientsduringplayback.
mediafamily(n)~Datawrittenbyabackupoperationtoabackupdeviceusedbyamedia
set.Inamediasetwithonlyasingledevice,onlyonemediafamilyexists.Inastriped
mediaset,multiplemediafamiliesexist.Ifthestripedmediasetisunmirrored,each
devicecorrespondstoafamily.Amirroredmediasetcontainsfromtwotofouridentical
copiesofeachmediafamily(calledmirrors).Appendingbackupstoamediasetextends
itsmediafamilies.
mediafile(n)~Afilethatcontainsaudio,video,orscriptdata.
MediaFoundation(PN)~ACOM-basedmultimediaplatformandinfrastructurefor
digitalmediainMicrosoftWindows.Itfocusesoncontentprotection,audioandvideo
quality,andinteroperabilityfordigitalrightsmanagement(DRM).
mediaheader(n)~Alabelthatprovidesinformationaboutthebackupmedia.-
MediaIndexer(PN)~Amediaprocessorthatleveragesnaturallanguageprocessing
(NLP)technologyfromMicrosoftResearchtomakemediafilesandcontentsearchableby
exposingthismeaningfulmetadatatotheend-userautomaticallyintheformofakeyword
file(XML),asetofclosedcaptionfiles(SAMI/TTML),andapowerfulbinaryindexfile
(AIB).
mediainformation(n)~Informationaboutdigitalmediacontentsuchastheartist,title,
album,rating,producer,andsoforth.Alsoknownasmetadataortags.
medialinkentry(n)~Anentryinadatafeedthatcontainsareferencetoarelatedmedia
resource.ThisistheOpenDataProtocol(OData)representationofanentitythathas
relatedbinarylargeobjectdatathatisnotserializedinthedatafeed.
mediaoutlet(n)~Apublication,suchasamagazine,oraplacethatbroadcastsprograms,
suchasaradiostation,thattransmitsfeaturestoriesandnewstothepublicthrough
variousdistributionchannels.
mediaparserplug-in(n)~Atypeofplug-inthatthatcanreaddifferentfileformats.
MediaPlayer(PN)~Afreeplayersolutionbuilttoplaybackmediacontentfrom
MicrosoftAzureMediaServiceswiththeabilitytoreachawidevarietyofbrowsersand
deviceswithasimpleHTMLandJavaScriptcode.
mediapool(n)~Alogicalcollectionofremovablemediathathavethesamemanagement
policies.Mediapoolsareusedbyapplicationstocontrolaccesstospecifictapesordiscs
withinlibrariesmanagedbyRemovableStorage.
mediaprocessor(n)~Aprocessorthattransformsmediacontentintoadifferentoutput.
mediaquery(n)~Amediatypeandzeroormoreexpressionsthatcheckforthe
conditionsofparticularmediafeatures,suchaswidth,height,andcolor.
mediarelay(n)~Aserver,intheperimeternetwork,thathastwoseparatenetwork
interfacesoredges(oneforacceptingconnectionsfrominternalclientsandanotherfor
acceptingconnectionsfromexternalclients)andthatisusedtoenableapplicationstopass
audioandvideodataacrossNATsandfirewalls.
mediarelayserver(n)~Aserver,intheperimeternetwork,thathastwoseparatenetwork
interfacesoredges(oneforacceptingconnectionsfrominternalclientsandanotherfor
acceptingconnectionsfromexternalclients)andthatisusedtoenableapplicationstopass
audioandvideodataacrossNATsandfirewalls.
mediaresource(n)~Anymediaitemthatcanbetransferredoveranynetworkasabinary
stream.Onemediaitemcouldhavemultiplebinarystreamsdependingontheencoding
features.Forexample,somemediaitemscouldhavethreestreams(orresources):WMV
encodedstreamfora2Mbpsthroughput,WMVencodedstreamfora500Kbps
throughput,andMPEG-2encodedstreamfora5Mbpsthroughput.
mediasensethread(n)~Thethread,orobjectwithinaprocess,thatdetectsthepresence
ofmedia.
mediaserver(n)~Aserverthathostsanddeliversmediaacrossanetwork.
MediaServices(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatallowsyoutocreateworkflows
forthecreation,management,anddistributionofdigitalmedia.
mediaset(n)~Anorderedcollectionofbackupmediawrittentobyoneormorebackup
operationsusingaconstantnumberofbackupdevices.
MediaSharingCenter(PN)~Theprimaryinterfaceusedtoenablesharingmediato
othercomputersanddevices,andtoaccessmediasharingsettingsanddevicesthatinteract
withthemediasharingfeature.Ifyouenablesharingyoucanplayyourfavoritemusic,
videos,andpicturesonanycomputerordeviceinanyroominyourhome.
MediaStreamSource(n)~Theservicethatallowsappstosendaudioandvideosamples
tothemediapipelinetodecode,encodeintoafile,andstreamtoXboxusingPlayTo.
mediastreaming(n)~Amethodofdeliveringdigitalmediaacrossanetworkina
continuousflow.Thedigitalmediaisplayedbyclientsoftwareasitisreceived.Typically,
streamingmakesitunnecessaryforuserstodownloadafilebeforeplayingit.
MediaTablet~adevicebasedonatouchscreendisplaywhoseprimaryfocusisthe
consumptionofmedia.
mediausagerights(n)~PermissionstouseaprotectedWindowsMedia-basedfileina
particularway.Forexample,acontentprovider,suchasanonlinemusicstore,cangrant
youtherighttoplayasongonyourcomputer(aplayright),toburnthesongtoanaudio
CD(aburnright),ortosyncthesongtoaportabledevice(asyncright).Thecontent
providerdictatesthetermsoftherights(forexample,whichrightsitgrantstoyouandfor
howlong)andWindowsMediaDigitalRightsManagement(DRM)enforcesthoserights.
medialesslicensekit(n)~Akitthatcanbepurchasedbyanend-usertolicenseoractivate
software.
median(n)~Themiddlevalueinasetoforderednumbers.Themedianvalueis
determinedbychoosingthesmallestvaluesuchthatatleasthalfofthevaluesintheset
arenogreaterthanthechosenvalue.Ifthenumberofvalueswithinthesetisodd,the
medianvaluecorrespondstoasinglevalue.Ifthenumberofvalueswithinthesetiseven,
themedianvaluecorrespondstothesumofthetwomiddlevaluesdividedbytwo.
medianpriceformula(n)~Aformulathatcalculatestheaverageofthehighandlow
prices.
medianvalue(n)~Themiddlevalueinasetoforderednumbers.Themedianvalueis
determinedbychoosingthesmallestvaluesuchthatatleasthalfofthevaluesintheset
arenogreaterthanthechosenvalue.Ifthenumberofvalueswithinthesetisodd,the
medianvaluecorrespondstoasinglevalue.Ifthenumberofvalueswithinthesetiseven,
themedianvaluecorrespondstothesumofthetwomiddlevaluesdividedbytwo.
MediationServer(n)~AserverrunningLyncServerorOfficeCommunicationsServer
thatmediatessignalingandvoicebetweentheEnterpriseVoiceIPnetworkandthepublic
switchedtelephonenetwork.
mediator(n)~Aprocess,controlledbytheProcessControlservice,usedtopreserve
informationwhentheservicestartsandstops.
Medical(PN)~Anappcategorythatcontainsappsforpeopleinterestedinmedicalissues
andinformation.
medicaldevice(n)~Amedicalinstrumentusedinthediagnosis,treatmentorprevention
ofadisease.
medicalimage(n)~Animageofbodyparts,tissues,ororgans,foruseinclinical
diagnosis.
MedicalLookup(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsausertosearchconditions,medicinesand
procedures.
medicalrecord(n)~Achronologicalwrittenrecordofapatient’sexaminationand
treatment,includingthepatient’smedicalhistory.
Meditative(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#45.
medium(adj)~Oforrelatingtothemiddlepartofarangeofpossiblevalues.
medium(n)~Asubstanceinwhichsignalscanbetransmitted,suchasawireorfiber-
opticcable.
Medium(n)~AnitemontheTextSizemenu,whichisopenedfromtheEditmenu.
Mediumisoneofthetextsizechoicesfortheuser’sinstantmessages
medium(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof500
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
mediumorganization(n)~Anorganizationwithbetween50-999employeesandbetween
25-499personalcomputers.
mediumtile(n)~Asquaretileof150x150pixelsontheStartscreen.
MeetNow(n)~Anapplicationfeaturethatoneusestojoinanunscheduledmeeting.Itis
avirtualofficetowhichausercaninviteparticipantsforanimpromptuwebconference.
meeting(n)~Acalendaritemthatincludesreservedresourcesand/orinvitedattendees.
meeting(n)~Anonlinegatheringofpeoplefacilitatedbysoftwarethatallowsparticipants
toview,andoptionallycontrol,sharedcontentandcommunicatewitheachotherusing
variousmeans,suchasatelephoneconferencecall.
Meeting(PN)~Anoptionthatcreatesameetingrequestfromtheselectede-mail
message.
MeetingInformationpanel(n)~TheLiveMeetingconsoleelementthatdisplaysthe
Webaddressandaudioconferenceline(ifspecified)foraLiveMeetingsession.
meetingkey(n)~Apasswordthatisrequiredtojoinameeting.
MeetingLobby(PN)~Avirtualwaitingareawherepeoplecanrequestaccesstojoina
meetingwhentheyeitherdonothaveaninvitationortheyhavebeeninvited,butthe
meetingislocked.
meetingorganizer(n)~Auserwhocanschedulemeetings,sendinvitations,doallthe
sharingactivitiesinameeting,andadmitparticipantsfromthelobby.
meetingparticipant(n)~Apresenterorattendeeinameeting.
meetingrequest(n)~Anemailmessagethatausersendstootherstoinvitethemtoa
meeting.
meetingresponse(n)~Ane-mailreplytoameetingrequestthatindicateswhetherthe
senderwillattendthemeeting.
MeetingWorkspace(n)~AWebsitebasedonaMeetingWorkspacesitetemplatethatis
usedforplanning,posting,andworkingtogetheronmeetingmaterials,andfollowingup
afterameetingorseriesofmeetings.
MeetingWorkspacesite(n)~AWebsitebasedonaMeetingWorkspacesitetemplate
thatisusedforplanning,posting,andworkingtogetheronmeetingmaterials,and
followingupafterameetingorseriesofmeetings.
MEF(PN)~Acompositionlayerforthe.NETFrameworkthatimprovestheflexibility,
maintainability,andtestabilityoflargeapplications.MEFcanbeusedforthird-partyplug-
inextensibility,oritcanbringthebenefitsofalooselycoupledarchitecturethatissimilar
toaplug-intoregularapplications.
MEFcatalog(n)~AnobjectthatprovidesacollectionofMEFpartsfromaspecific
source,suchasatype,anassembly,oradirectory,toaMEFcompositioncontainer.A
catalogisresponsiblefordiscoveringMEFpartsthataMEFcompositioncontainercan
makeavailabletoMEFapps.
MEFcomposition(n)~TheprocessofmatchingMEFimportstoMEFexports,
performedbytheMEFcompositionengine.
MEFcompositioncontainer(n)~AMEFcompositionenginethatisbasedonMEF
catalogsandMEFpartinstances.
MEFcompositionengine(n)~AnobjectthatresolvesaMEFpart’sdependenciesand
exposesitscapabilitiestootherMEFpartsandappsthroughcomposition,thatis,by
bindingMEFimportstoMEFexports.
MEFcontract(n)~AnidentifierthatdetermineshowMEFimportsandexportsare
matched.Thecontractconsistsofanamethatidentifiesthecontractandatype,which
specifiestheexportedtype.Boththecontractnameandthecontracttypecanbeeither
automaticallygeneratedorspecified.
MEFexport(n)~AnobjectthataMEFpartprovidestomakeitsservicesavailableto
otherMEFparts.
MEFimport(n)~AdependencythataMEFpartspecifiesandfulfillsfromexports
providedbyotherMEFparts.Forexample,commonservicescanbeprovidedinaMEF
partanddeclaredasanimportbyotherMEFparts.
MEFpart(n)~AnobjectthatisthebasicbuildingblockofaMEFapplication.Each
MEFpartdeclaresitsdependencies(imports)andcapabilities(exports),whichare
matchedwiththeimportsandexportsofotherMEFpartsandmadeavailabletoMEF
apps.
megabitspersecond(n)~Ameasurementofdatatransferspeedoveragivenconnection
equaltoonemillionbitspersecond.
megabyte(n)~Usually1,048,576bytes.Itissometimesinterpretedas1millionbytes.
Megabyte~Unitofmeasurementforpiecesofinformation:approximately1million
bytesorathousandkilobytes.OftenshortenedtoMegorjustM.See
also-Gigabyte,-Kilobyte,-Byte.
megahertz(n)~Ameasureoffrequencyequivalentto1millioncyclespersecond.
MegaHertz~See-MHz.
Megapixel~Amillion-pixels.Oftenusedtomeasurethequalityofdigitalcameras:the
higherthenumberthebetterthecamera.
member(n)~Apersonwhoispartofagroup.
member(n)~AnindividualwhoisanauthorizeduserofaLiveMeetingaccount.
Associatedinformationincludesuserloginanduserrole.
member(n)~Asinglepositionoriteminadimension.Dimensionmemberscanbeuser-
definedorpredefinedandcanhavepropertiesassociatedwiththem.
member(n)~InDistributedFileSystem(DFS)Replication,aserverthatbelongstoa
replicationgroup.
member(n)~AnindividualActiveDirectoryuseraccountoranActiveDirectorygroup
thatisassignedtooneormoreuserroles.Auserrolecanconsistofoneormoremembers.
memberassociation(n)~Arelationshipbetweenasourcedimensionmemberanda
destinationdimensionmember.Oneormoreofthesecanexistforeachdimension
association.
MemberCount(n)~Numberofmembers(accounts,leads,orcontacts)thatareincluded
inamarketinglist.
memberdatabase(n)~Inahub-spoketopology,adatabasethatisjoinedtoother
databasesbyahubdatabaseatacentrallocation.
memberdelegation(n)~Amodelingconceptthatdescribeshowinterfacemembersare
mappedfromoneinterfacetoanother.
memberexpression(n)~AvalidMultidimensionalExpressions(MDX)expressionthat
returnsamember.
memberproperty(n)~Acharacteristicofadimensionmember.Dimensionmember
propertiescanbealphanumeric,Boolean,orDate/Timedatatypes,andcanbeuser-
definedorpredefined.
memberquery(n)~Thepartofafan-outquerythatissentovertoallmembersinvolved
inthequery.
memberserver(n)~Aserverthatisjoinedtoadomainbutisnotadomaincontroller.
Memberserverstypicallyfunctionasfileservers,applicationservers,databaseservers,
Webservers,certificateservers,firewalls,orremoteaccessservers.
memberset(n)~Acollectionofmembersfromadimension.
memberview(n)~Ahierarchyofdimensionmembersthatisorganizedaccordingto
memberproperties.
membership(n)~InASP.NET,anapplicationfeaturethatmanagesastoreofuser
credentialsforaWebsite.Membershipcanbeintegratedwithlogincontrolsorother
ASP.NETauthenticationfeaturestoprovideloginsecurityforyoursite.
membership(n)~Arelationshipofbeingamemberofanorganization,suchasagymor
club.
membershipinagroup(n)~Auser’sstatusasamemberofagroup.
membershipprovider(n)~Aservercontrolthatallowsyoutostoreandmanage
membershipinformation.
membershiprule(n)~ThecriteriabywhichConfigurationManagerevaluateswhethera
resourcebelongstoaparticularcollection.
membershipuser(n)~AnauthenticateduserofaWebsite.
Memo(n)~Afielddatatypethatcancontainupto65,535characters.
memo(n)~Atypeofcolumnthatcontainslongstrings,typicallymorethan255
characters.
memory(n)~Anytemporarystoragespaceusedwithinorinconjunctionwitha
computer,suchasRAMoraUSBflashdrive.
memory(n)~Theamountofmemoryphysicallyinstalledonyourdevice(asopposedto
onastoragecard.)
Memory~Alsoknownas-RAM.Wherethecomputerholdswhateveryouarecurrently
workingon.Thecontentsofmemoryarelostwhenthecomputerisswitchedoff.
memoryaddress(n)~Aportionofcomputermemorythatcanbeallocatedtoadeviceor
usedbyaprogramortheoperatingsystem.Devicesareusuallyallocatedarangeof
memoryaddresses.
memoryallocation(n)~Inoperatingsystems,theprocessofreservingmemoryforuseby
aprogram.
memorybroker(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatmanagesthedistributionofmemory
resourcesinSQLServer.
memorycard(n)~Inaservercluster,aresourcethatcanactasthecluster’squorum
resource.Tobequorum-capable,aresourcemustprovidesharedstorageandameansof
persistentarbitration.Theclusterservicedefinesonlyphysicaldiskresourcesasquorum-
capable.
memoryclerk(n)~Amemorymanagementcomponentthatallocatesmemory.
memoryconsumer(n)~Anentityorprocessthatusesmemory.
MemoryIntensiveBatchInstances(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheBatchservicefor
batchesthatrequirelargeamountsofmemory.
memorykey(n)~Asmalldeviceusedtostoreinformation.USBflashdrivespluginto
computerUSBportssoyoucancopyinformationtoorfromthem,makingiteasytoshare
andtransportinformation.
memoryleak(n)~Aconditionthatoccurswhenanapplicationallocatesmemoryforuse
butdoesnotfreeallocatedmemorywhenfinished.
memorymap(n)~Arepresentationofthelayoutofobjectsinanareaofmemory.
memorypage(n)~Invirtualmemorysystems,aunitofdatastoragethatisbroughtinto
randomaccessmemory(RAM),typicallyfromaharddrive,whenarequesteditemofdata
isnotalreadyinRAM.
memorypressure(n)~Thedemandplacedonthememorysubsystembyanapplication.
memoryrequirement(n)~Aminimummemoryconfigurationofacomputer,its
componentsorotherdevices(typicallyrelatestosizeofRAM,freespaceonharddisk,
etc.)neededtorunwithinorinconjunctionwithacomputer.
MemoryUsage(n)~InTaskManager,thecurrentworkingsetofaprocess,inkilobytes.
Thecurrentworkingsetisthenumberofpagescurrentlyresidentinmemory.
MemoryUsageDelta(n)~InTaskManager,thechangeinmemory,inkilobytes,used
sincethelastupdate.
memory-optimized(adj)~Pertainingtotableandindexstructuresthatareoptimizedfor
in-memoryaccess.
memory-resident(adj)~Permanentlylocatedinacomputer’smemory,ratherthan
swappedinandoutofmemoryasneeded.
meningococcalconjugatevaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstinfections
causedbymeningococcalbacteria.
meningococcalpolysaccharidevaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainst
infectionbycertaingroupsofmeningococcalbacteriathatcausemeningococcaldisease.
mention(n)~PartofapostthatreferstoaMicrosoftDynamicsCRMrecord.
menu(n)~Alistofoptionsfromwhichausercanchoose.Theoptionscanberepresented
astextorgraphics.Amenucancontainothermenus(submenus).
menubar(n)~Arectangularbardisplayedinanapplicationprogram’son-screen
window,oftenatthetop,fromwhichmenuscanbeselectedbytheuser.Namesof
availablemenusaredisplayedinthemenubar;choosingonewiththekeyboardorwitha
mousecausesthelistofoptionsinthatmenutobedisplayed.
menubarmacro(n)~AmacrocontainingAddMenuactionsthatyoucanusetocreatea
custommenubarorshortcutmenu.
menubutton(n)~Acommandbuttonthatisclickedtodisplayadrop-downmenuinstead
ofperformingacommand.
menucommand(n)~Achoiceonamenu.
menuflyout(n)~Aflyoutthatcontainsacontextuallistofmenuitems.
menuflyoutcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetocreateamenuflyout.
menuitem(n)~Achoiceonamenu,selectablebyeitherthekeyboardoramouse.In
someinstances,amenuitemthatisnotavailable(thatis,notappropriate)foragiven
situationisgrayed’(dimmedincomparisontothevalidmenuchoices).’
menulabel(n)~Atextorgraphiclabelthatdescribesaparticularmenu.Fordrop-down
menus,thelabelistheentryinthemenubar;forcascadingmenus,themenulabelisthe
nameofitsparentmenucommand.
menumacro(n)~Amacrogroupthatcontainsthemacrosforthemenu’scommands.
menuoption(n)~Achoiceonamenu,selectablebyeitherthekeyboardoramouse.In
someinstances,amenuitemthatisnotavailable(thatis,notappropriate)foragiven
situationisgrayed’(dimmedincomparisontothevalidmenuchoices).’
menuseparator(n)~Aspecialtypeofmenuitemthatappearsasadividingbarbetween
twoactivemenuitems.
menuseparatorbar(n)~Aspecialtypeofmenuitemthatappearsasadividingbar
betweentwoactivemenuitems.
menutitle(n)~Themenunamethatisdisplayedinthemenubar.
MercadoPago(PN)~AneCommercepaymentandescrowserviceavailableinanumber
ofLatinAmericancountries/regions.
merchant(n)~Apartnerinscenarioswherethepartnerprovidingtheofferisdifferent
thanthepartnerprovidingtheservice,forexample,XboxsellingMessengerproducts.
merchant(n)~Abusinessororganizationthathasprovidedacouponthatcanbeusedat
theirstore.
Merengue(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#142.
merge(v)~Tocopythecontentsofadifferencingdisktotheparentdisk,ortocombine
thecontentsofthedifferencingdiskandtheparentdiskontoanewvirtualharddisk.
Mergingtotheparentdiskmodifiestheparentdiskandthendeletesthedifferencingdisk.
Mergingtoanewdiskleavesboththedifferencingdiskandtheparentdiskintact.
merge(n)~Theprocessofcombiningthechangesintwodistinctbranches.Amerge
operationtakeschangesthathaveoccurredinthesourcebranchandintegratestheminto
thetargetbranch.Mergingintegratesalltypesofchangesinthesourcebranchincluding
namechanges,fileedits,fileadditions,andfiledeletions.
merge(v)~Replaceasetofsubscriptionswithanewsubscription.
MergeaConversation(PN)~Theheading,intheInvitemenu,forthelistofavailable
conversationsthatausercanbringintothecurrentconversation.
mergeaconversation(v)~Tobringaseparateconversation,includingallitsparticipants,
intothecurrentone.
mergecalls(PN)~Abuttonthatappearsduringanactivephonecall,allowingtheuserto
gobacktothepreviouson-holdcall(s)andcombineallactivecallsforaconferencecall.
MergeCases(PN)~Anoptiononthecommandbarwhereyoucanselectcases,andthen
specifywhichcasewillbethecasethattheotherselectedcaseswillmergeinto.
mergefield(n)~Aplaceholderfortextorpicturesthatyouinsertintoyourdocument.
mergemodule(n)~Amodulethatpackagescomponentstogetherwithanyrelatedfiles,
resources,registryentries,andsetuplogic.Mergemodulescanbeusedtoinstall
componentsthatmultipleapplicationsshare.Mergemodulescannotbeinstalleddirectly;
theymustbemergedintodeploymentprojects.
mergeoperation(n)~Theprocessofcombiningthechangesintwodistinctbranchesofa
source-controlleddatabase.
mergereplication(n)~Atypeofreplicationthatallowssitestomakeautonomous
changestoreplicateddata,andatalatertime,mergechangesandresolveconflictswhen
necessary.
MergeShapes(PN)~Atoolthatenablesuserstocreatecustomshapesbycombining
multipleshapesintoasingleshape,usingoneoffivegeometricBooleanoperations:
Union,Combine,Fragment,Intersect,andSubtract.
mergedcell(n)~Asinglecellthatiscreatedbycombiningtwoormoreselectedcells.
Thecellreferenceforamergedcellistheupper-leftcellintheoriginalselectedrange.
merger(n)~Thecombinationoftwoormorecompaniesintoone,wherethecorporate
identityofonethenservesforthenewsinglecompany.
mesh(n)~Anobjectwhosesurfacecontainsfaces,eachofwhichisdescribedbyasimple
polygon.
meshnetwork~eachofthenodesarejoinedtogetherbytelecom‘lines’—wirelessor
wired.
message(n)~Anindividualunitofdatatransportedbetweenendpointlocations.A
messageconsistsofadocumentplusaheader(informationaboutthetransfer).
message(n)~Anelectronicinstanceofone-to-manyschemas.Usuallydocumentsaresent
betweentwoprocesses.
message(n)~Amessagethatissentoveracommunicationsnetworksuchasalocalarea
networkortheInternet.
MessageAuthenticationCode(n)~Analgorithmthatallowsareceivertoensurethata
blockofdatahasretaineditsintegrityfromthetimeitwassentuntilthetimeitwas
received.
messagebar(n)~Auser-interfaceelementthatcontainsinformationaboutactionsthat
yourecentlyperformedinalist.Youcandoubleclickonthemessagebartogetmore
informationaboutaspecificactionthatyouperformed.
MessageBar(PN)~Ayellowbarwithawarningiconappearingbelowtheribbonthat
providesinformationoralertstheuser.Informationcanbesecurityalerts,errors,or
notifications.
messagebody(n)~Thecontentthatisdeliveredinane-mailmessage.
MessageCenter(PN)~TheareainSocialEngagementwhereusersmanagealertsandsee
anoverviewoftheemailsandnotificationsthattheapplicationsendstothem.
messageclass(n)~UsedbyMicrosoftExchangetoidentify,locate,andopenaform.
MessageDetailsview(n)~IntheHealthandActivityTracking(HAT)tooladetailed
viewofallknowninformationforagivenmessageintheMessageBox.Thisviewis
availablethroughtheshortcutmenuinthePivotTablefieldlistinoneoftwoOperations
views.
messagedialog(n)~AnewWindowsuserinterfacesurfaceusedtoelicitanimmediate
responsefromtheuser.Untiltheuserresponds,thescreenbehindthedialogisdimmed
andtoucheventsareblockedfrompassingtotheapp’scanvas.
messagedigest(n)~Afixed-sizeresultthatisobtainedbyapplyingaone-way
mathematicalfunction(sometimescalledahashalgorithm)toanarbitraryamountofdata.
Ifthereisachangeintheinputdata,thehashchanges.Thehashcanbeusedinmany
operations,includingauthenticationanddigitalsigning.
messagedispositionnotification(n)~Arequestfordispositioninformationfroma
recipientafteramessagehasbeensuccessfullydelivered.Theinformationmightinclude
whetherthemessagewasdisplayed,printed,ordeletedwithoutdisplay,orifarecipient
refusedtosendnotification.
messageenvelope(n)~Theinformationcontainedinane-mailmessagethatisrequiredto
sendanddeliveramessagebetweenmessagingserversbyusingSMTPprotocol
commands.Themessageenvelopecontainsthesendere-mailaddressandtherecipiente-
mailaddressinformation.Recipientsneverseethemessageenvelope,becauseitisnot
partofthemessagecontent,anditisdiscardedwhenthemessagereachesitsdestination.
TheX.400messagingstandardequivalenttothemessageenvelopeiscalledtheP1
header.’Themessageenvelopeisoftenreferredtoasthe‘P1header.”
MessageFactscube(n)~Anonlineanalyticalprocessing(OLAP)cubethataggregates
informationaboutmessagesandservices.Twocubesincludedoutoftheboxare:Message
FactsandServiceFacts.
messageflow(n)~Aseriesofcontiguousprocessingstepsthroughwhichoneormore
messagesflow.
MessageFlowview(n)~AviewintheHealthandActivityTrackingtoolthatdisplaysa
historyofprocessingeventsforspecificmessages.
messagehandler(n)~AComponentObjectModel(COM)objectthatimplementsthe
ITranslateinterfaceinanin-processCOMobject.
messageheader(n)~Ahiddensectionofane-mailmessage.Fromthetimeamessageis
firstcreated,informationaboutitisaddedtothemessageheader,includingtechnical
details,suchaswhocreatedthemessageandthesoftwareusedtocomposeit.
messagehistory(n)~Alistofmessagesthatyouhavesentorreceived.
messageitem(n)~AnimplementationoftheInternetMessageFormatdefinedby
RFC2822.AmessageitemisstoredintheExchangestore.
messagejournaling(n)~Theabilitytorecordallcommunications,includinge-mail
communications,inanorganizationforuseintheorganization’se-mailretentionor
archivalstrategy.
messagelabel(n)~Anarrowlabelthatindicatesthemessagesent,itsargumentsand
returnvalues,andthesequencingofthemessagewithinthelargerinteraction(including
callnesting,iteration,branching,concurrency,andsynchronization).
MessageLayerSecurity(n)~Acryptographicprotocolthatprovidesdomain-to-domain
securetransmissionofSMTPmessagesontheInternetbyusingcryptography.The
protocolenablesSMTPserverstocommunicatedirectlyorbyusinganSMTPrelayover
theInternetinamannerdesignedtopreventeavesdropping,tampering,andmessage
forgery.
messageline(n)~ThepartoftheInformationbarthatdisplayssecurity-related
informationtotheuser.InInternetExplorer,themessagelinemaybeclickedtounblock
certaincontent.
messagelist(n)~ThemiddlepartofthemainOutlookwindowthatdisplaysthecontents
oftheselectedfolder.
messagenumber(n)~AnumberthatidentifiesaSQLServererrormessage.
messageoperation(n)~Anactioncarriedoutonamessage.
MessageOperations(in10,000s)(PN)~Theunitofmeasureforoperationsperformedon
messages.
MessagePolicy(n)~Asetofrulesthatareappliedtoe-mailmessages.Theserulesgovern
howmessagesareprocessedandstored,basedonasetofrequirements.Therequirements
aretypicallybasedonregulatoryrequirementsforanindustryorgeographicregion.
MessageQueuing(n)~AMicrosofttechnologythatenablesapplicationsrunningat
differenttimestocommunicateacrossheterogeneousnetworksandsystemsthatmaybe
temporarilyoffline.
messagerule(n)~Asetofcriteriaforupdatingaprojectfilewiththeinformationin
ProjectServerworkgroupmessages.Forexample,projectmanagerscanspecifythat
updatesfromallworkgroupmembersbeautomaticallyaccepted.
messagesink(n)~Acallbackfunctionthatreceivesmessagesforaformoracontrol.
Formsorcontrolsthatneedtobenotifiedofmessagesimplementamessagesink.
messagesubject(n)~Textindicatingthetopicofaninstantmessageoranalert.Itis
enteredbytheuserorgeneratedbythecomputerbasedonconversationinformation.Itis
displayedinthetitlebar.
MessageTrace(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesyoutosearchforaspecificmessageusing
basicinformation,suchasthesender,recipient,date,andmessageID,toobtainthestatus
ofthatmessage.
messagetrailer(n)~InEDI,apartofthemessageusedtoindicatetheendofadocument,
whichisabundleoflogicallycombinedsegmentscontaininginformationaboutone
transaction.InANSIX.12,amessageisequivalenttoatransactionset.
messagetransferagent(n)~Anapplicationprocess,asdescribedintheX.400message-
handlingsystem,responsiblefordeliveringe-mailmessages.Afterreceivingamessage,
anMTAstoresittemporarilyandeitherdeliversitorforwardsittoanotherMTA.During
thisprocess,theMTAcanchangethemessageheaders.
messagetransferenvelope(n)~AMAPImessagethatholdsthedeliveryinformationfor
amessage.
messagetransfersystem(n)~TheX.400termforamessagingsystem,whichisaproduct
thatenableselectroniccommunicationoveranetwork.
messagetype(n)~AdefinitionofaServiceBrokermessage.Themessagetypespecifies
thenameofthemessageandthetypeofvalidationServiceBrokerperformsonincoming
messagesofthattype.
messagevalidation(n)~Theprocessofvalidatingamessageforformat,range,type,and
length,byusingaschema,asawaytodetectmaliciousmessages.
messagewindow(n)~Awindowwhichdisplaysaparticularmessagefortheuser.
Message/Partial(n)~AnoptiononthePolicyFilterpagethatblocksmessagesthatuse
specialheaderinformationtosplite-mailsintoseveralmessages,whichcouldbeusedto
sendviruses.
MessageBoxnode(n)~IntheBizTalkAdministrationconsole,thenodeusedtoviewa
listofthecurrentlyrunningMessageBoxdatabases.
message-onlywindow(n)~Awindowthatdispatchesmessages.Message-onlywindows
arenotvisible,havenoz-order,cannotbeenumerated,anddonotreceivebroadcast
messages.
Messages(in10,000s)(PN)~TheunitofmeasurefortheMicrosoftAzureServiceBus
messaginginfrastructure.
Messagespane(n)~OneofthetabsthathoststhemessagesreturnedfromSQLServer
afteraTSQLqueryhasbeenexecuted.
messaging(n)~Theuseofcomputersanddatacommunicationequipmenttoconvey
messagesfromonepersontoanother,asbye-mail,voicemail,orfax.
Messaging(PN)~AnappthatfacilitatesSMSandinstantmessaging.
MessagingApplicationProgrammingInterface(n)~Amessagingarchitecturethat
enablesmultipleapplicationstointeractwithmultiplemessagingsystemsacrossavariety
ofhardwareplatforms.MAPIisbuiltontheComponentObjectModel(COM)foundation.
messagingrecordsmanagement(n)~RecordsmanagementtechnologyinExchange
2007thathelpsorganizationstoreducetherisksthatareassociatedwithe-mailandother
communications.MRMmakesiteasiertokeepmessagesthatareneededtocomplywith
companypolicy,governmentregulations,orlegalneeds,andtoremovecontentthathas
nolegalorbusinessvalue.
MessagingServer(PN)~Theserverthatprovidesmessagingcapabilitiesandmanages
networkservicesforWindowsEssentialBusinessServer.
Messenger(PN)~Aninstantmessagingandvideochatservicedesignedforaconsumer
audience(notfortheenterprise).Messengerisavailableviaadesktopapp,ontheweb(no
installationneeded),andonmobiledevices.
Messengerservice(n)~Aservicethatsendsandreceivesmessagessentbyadministrators
orbytheAlerterservice.
Messengersocial(PN)~TheUIlabelforthesocialactivitystreamthatWindowsLive
programmaticallydisplaysinacollection.ItemslistedmayoriginatewithinaWindows
Liveprogram,service,orlandingpage(Messenger,OneDrive,WindowsLivePhotos),or
inthird-partyactivitiespeopleconnecttotheirprofiles,suchasFacebook.
MEST(n)~Theabilityforanentitytypetobedefinedinmorethanoneentityset.
meta~Incomputerscience,metaisacommonprefixthatmeans‘about’.Asanexample,
metadataisdatathatdescribesotherdata(dataaboutdata).Ametalanguageisalanguage
usedtodescribeotherlanguages.Ametafileisafilethatcontainsotherfiles.
meta~TheHTMLMETAtagisusedtodescribethecontentsofaWebpage.
METAtag(n)~AnHTMLtagthatappearsintheHEADportionoftheWebpage.META
tagssupplyinformationaboutapagebutdonotaffectitsappearance.AstandardMETA
taggenerator’isusedtoindicatethecontentofaWebpage.’
metabase(n)~Ahierarchicalstoreofconfigurationinformationandschemathatisused
toconfigureIIS.Themetabaseperformssomeofthesamefunctionsasthesystem
registry,butituseslessdiskspace.Inphysicalterms,themetabaseisacombinationofthe
MetaBase.xmlandMBSchema.xmlfilesandthein-memorymetabase.
metabaseconfigurationfile(n)~AfilethatstoresIISconfigurationsettingstodisk.This
fileisnamedMetaBase.xmlbydefault.WhenIISisstartedorrestarted,theconfiguration
settingsarereadfromMetaBase.xmlintotheIIScacheinmemory,whichiscalledthein-
memorymetabase.
metabaseschema(n)~Themasterconfigurationfile(MBSchema.xml)suppliedwithIIS
thatcontainsallofthepredefinedpropertiesfromwhichmetabaseentriesarederived.
metaclass(n)~Inastaticstructurediagram,aclasswhoseinstancesareclasses.Itis
showninUMLnotationasaclasswiththestereotypemetaclass.
metadata(n)~Informationaboutthepropertiesorstructureofdatathatisnotpartofthe
valuesthedatacontains.
metadata(n)~Informationthatdescribeseveryelementmanagedbythecommon
languageruntime:anassembly,loadablefile,type,method,andsoon.Thiscaninclude
informationrequiredfordebuggingandgarbagecollection,aswellassecurityattributes,
marshalingdata,extendedclassandmemberdefinitions,versionbinding,andother
informationrequiredbytheruntime.
Metadata~Informationaboutawebpagehiddeninsideittohelpsearchenginesfindit.
Itoftenincludesadescriptionofthepagewhichwillbepickedupbysearchengines.
metadatacache(n)~Afile-basedcachemaintainedontheclientcomputerforthe
purposeofstoringmetadatafortheend-userapplications.
MetadataCacheManager(n)~AnadministrativetoolincludedinDuetSettings
Manager.ThistoolcanbeusedtomanagethemetadatacachemaintainedontheDuet
clientcomputer.
metadatadatabase(n)~Arelationaldatabaseusedformaintainingmetadatafor
downloadbyclientcomponents.
metadatapackage(n)~A.cabfilethatcanonlyhaveonelocalesupportandthat
providesallthehardwaredisplaycomponentsinorderforyourdeviceinformationtobe
shownintheControlPanel.
metadatapublisher(n)~Theentitythatwritesorcopiesmetadatafilesintothemetadata
database.
metadatapublishing(n)~Theactofwritingorcopyingmetadatafilesintothemetadata
database.
metadatascope(n)~Anamespacethatdefinestheoperations,schemas,andentitiesfora
service.
MetadataService(n)~ADuetservercomponentthatfacilitatesthetransferofapplication
metadatafromtheSAPsystemtotheDuetclientcomputer.
metadataserviceprovider(n)~AWebservicethatfacilitatespublishingofmetadatainto
themetadatadatabaseandupdatingofthesamelateron.
MetadataStore(PN)~ThecollectionofXMLfiles,storedintheBusinessData
ConnectivityService,thatcontaindefinitionsofmodels,externalcontenttypes,and
externaldatasources.
metadataworkspace(n)~Aclassthatrepresentsthemetadataruntimeservice
componentthatprovidessupportforretrievingmetadata.
MetadataExchange(PN)~Aprotocoltohelpautomaticallyidentifythedetailsofthe
web-servicebeingcalled.
metafile(n)~Afilethatstoresanimageasgraphicalobjects(lines,circles,polygons)
ratherthanaspixels.Metafilespreserveanimagemoreaccuratelythanpixelswhenthe
imageisresized.
Metal(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#9.
metamodel(n)~ACIMcomponentthatdescribestheentitiesandrelationships
representingmanagedobjects.
metaverse(n)~ThedatastorethatisusedbyILMtocontaintheaggregatedidentity
informationfrommultipleconnecteddatasources,providingasingleglobal,integrated
viewofallcombinedobjects.
metaverseentry(n)~AnIdentityLifecycleManager(ILM)2007objectthathasbeen
projectedintothemetaversefromaconnectorspaceobjectandislinkedtoatleastone
objectintheconnectorspace.Ametaverseentryrepresentstheaggregatedviewofobjects
fromoneorseveralconnecteddatasources.
meter(v)~Tomeasureandrecordusage.
meteredconnection(n)~AnInternetconnectioncreatedusingametereddataplan.
metereddataplan(n)~Amobilebroadbandorothernetworkordataplanthatbills
accordingtodatause,suchasmegabytesdownloaded,messagessent,orwebpages
viewed.
meteredInternetconnection(n)~AnInternetconnectioncreatedusingametereddata
plan.
meterednetwork(n)~Amobilebroadbandorothernetworkforwhichtheproviderbills
accordingtodataused,suchasmegabytesdownloaded,messagessent,orwebpages
viewed.
metering(n)~Inphotography,theprocessofmeasuringthelightinasceneto
automaticallyadjusttheexposuresetting.
meteringaggregationservice(n)~Aservicethatcollectsandprocessesmeteringdata.
method(n)~Inobject-orientedprogramming,anamedcodeblockthatperformsatask
whencalled.
methodofcontact(n)~ThepreferredmethodofcommunicationwiththeBusiness
Contact;forexample,phone,e-mailmessage,letter,fax,andsoon.
method-basedquery(n)~Aqueryexpressedasadirectmethodcalltooneormore
StandardQueryOperators.
methodologytemplate(n)~Atemplatethatmakesitpossibletodefineandencapsulate
allofthedataregardingateamproject.TeamFoundationServerusesthemethodology
informationtoautomaticallyconfigureanewteamproject,includingcreatingtheteam
projectWebsite.
metric(n)~AnumberusedtoindicatethecostofarouteintheInternetProtocol(IP)
routingtablethatenablestheselectionofthebestrouteamongpossiblemultipleroutesto
thesamedestination.
metric(n)~Asinglevaluethatanassessmentcollects.Metricscanbedefinedbydata
type,unit,name,description,andothermetadata.
Metrics(n)~AWebpartthatusesthecuecontroltodisplayrecordcounts.Therecord
countsaredeterminedbyapredefinedqueryandcanbelinkedtoanexistingform.
metrics(oth)~Thestatisticsthathelpanalyzebothanapplication’sloadanditsabilityto
respondtoit.
MetricsExplorer(n)~Aadetailedviewofthemeasuredvaluesandcountsofeventsthat
aresentintelemetryfromanAzureapplicationtohelpdetectperformanceissuesand
watchtrendsinhowtheapplicationisbeingused.
MEX(PN)~Aprotocoltohelpautomaticallyidentifythedetailsoftheweb-servicebeing
called.
MFA(n)~Theservicethatprovidesadditionallayersofauthenticationforon-premises
andcloudapplications.Multi-FactorAuthenticationverifiesusersign-insandtransactions
usingaphonecall,textmessage,andmobileapp.
MFC(PN)~AC++classlibrarydevelopedbyMicrosoft.TheMicrosoftFoundationClass
library,orMFC,providestheframeworkandclassesthatmakeiteasierandfasterfor
programmerstobuildWindowsapplications.MFCsupportsActiveXandisbundledwith
severalC++compilers,includingMicrosoftVisualC++,BorlandC++,andSymantec
C++.
MFCSmartDeviceDLLWizard(n)~AwizardinSmartDeviceDevelopment.Itisused
tocreateanMFCDLLproject.Theusersgetaworkingstarterapplicationthathasbuilt-in
functionalitythat,whenitiscompiled,willimplementthebasicfeaturesofaDLL.
MFD(n)~Apieceofhardwarethatsupportsmultiplediscretecapabilities,suchasaudio,
mixer,andmusic,onasinglecard.Thisdeviceissometimestreatedasabusthatcanbe
enumeratedtolocatethedevicesonthatbus.
MFD~(MultiFunctionDevice).Acombinedprinter,scanner,photocopierandfax
machine.
MFLOPS(n)~Ameasureofcomputingspeed.
MFT(n)~AnNTFSsystemfileonNTFS-formattedvolumesthatcontainsinformation
abouteachfileandfolderonthevolume.TheMFTisthefirstfileonanNTFSvolume.
MFUlist(n)~Alistofapplicationsthattheenduserhasrecentlyusedorusesfrequently.
MHTML(n)~AstandardmethodforsendinganHTMLdocumentencapsulatedwith
inlinegraphics,applets,linkeddocuments,andotheritemsreferredtointheHTML
document.
MHz~(Megahertz).Millionsofcyclespersecond.Mostoftenusedasameasurementof
aPCprocessorchip’sspeedandpower,withbiggernumbersmeaningmorespeedanda
higherprice.SeealsoGHz.
MIC(PN)~Amechanismforcontrollingaccesstosecurableobjectsbasedonintegrity
levelsandmandatorypolicyinadditiontodiscretionaryaccesscontrol.Forexample,a
processmayberequiredtohaveanintegritylevelthatisequaltoorhigherthanthe
integritylevelofanobjecttoobtaincertainkindsofaccesstothatobject.
mickey(n)~Theamountthatamousehastomoveforthemousetoreportthatithas
moved.
MICR(n)~Acharacterrecognitionsystemforreadingandprocessingdatathatuses
specialinksandcharacters.
MICRline(n)~Alineofcharactersthatisencodedwithaspecialtypeofinkthatcanbe
magnetizedandthentranslatedintocharacters.MICRlinesareusedonbankchecksto
identifythebank,account,andcheck.
Micro~(Microcomputer)-Whendesktopcomputersfirstappearedinthe1970’s,they
wereoftencalledmicrocomputers,latershortenedtomicro,todistinguishthemfromthe
so-calledminicomputersoftheday,whichfarfromsittingonadeskwereagooddeal
biggerthanit!TherewasalsoapopularearlyhomecomputerintheUKcalledtheBBC
Micro,nowlongobsolete.
MicroChannelArchitecture(n)~ThedesignofthebusinIBMPS/2computers(except
Models25and30).TheMicroChanneliselectricallyandphysicallyincompatiblewith
theIBMPC/ATbus.UnlikethePC/ATbus,theMicroChannelfunctionsaseithera16-bit
ora32-bitbus.TheMicroChannelalsocanbedrivenindependentlybymultiplebus
masterprocessors.
microserver~mayalsobewrittenasmicroserverorMicroServerm,smallserver
appliancethatworkslikeaserver.Microserversareoff-the-shelfappliancesthatare
designedforeaseofinstallationandmaintenance.
microblogging(n)~Aformofbloggingthatemphasizesbriefposts.
Microblogging~anarrow-scopemodeofsocialcommunicationpioneeredbythesocial
networksiteTwitter.com-andfollowedbysimilarservices
from-Plurk,-Yammer,-Socialcast-and-Identi.ca.
microcomputer(n)~Acomputerbuiltaroundasingle-chipmicroprocessor.Less
powerfulthanminicomputersandmainframes,microcomputershaveneverthelessevolved
intoverypowerfulmachinescapableofcomplextasks.Technologyhasprogressedso
quicklythatstate-of-the-artmicrocomputers—essentially,intoday’sterms,adesktopPC
—areaspowerfulasmainframecomputersofonlyafewyearsago,atafractionofthe
cost.
microdots(n)~Smalltranslucentelastomericdotsorbeadsontheinsidesurfaceofthe
diffuser.Microdotshelpmaintainaconsistentairgapbetweenthediffuserandanoptical-
gradePlexiglaspanel(whichprovidesrigidityandmechanicalsupportforthediffuser).
Micro-filter~Adevicewhichallowsyoutouseanordinaryphoneoveratelephoneline
setupforan-ADSL-internetconnection.Sometimesjustcalledafilter.
micropayments~Electronicpaymentforinformationorservicesrangingfromafew
centstoatenthofacent.
micropayments~
microphone(n)~Adevicethatconvertssoundwavesintoanalogelectricalsignals.
Additionalhardwarecanconvertthemicrophone’soutputintodigitaldatathatacomputer
canprocess;forexample,torecordmultimediadocumentsoranalyzethesoundsignal.
microphonenoise(n)~Unwantedsoundthatiscapturedwhenobjectstoucha
microphoneinadvertently.
MicrophoneWizard(n)~Atoolthatyoucanusetofine-tuneyourmicrophone.
microprocessor(n)~Thecomputationalandcontrolunitofacomputer.TheCPUisthe
devicethatinterpretsandexecutesinstructions.Mainframesandearlyminicomputers
containedcircuitboardsfullofintegratedcircuitsthatimplementedtheCPU.Single-chip
centralprocessingunits,calledmicroprocessors,madepossiblepersonalcomputersand
workstations.
Microsoft(PN)~Thepublicmultinationalcorporationthatdevelops,manufactures,
licenses,andsupportsawiderangeofproductsandservicespredominantlyrelatedto
computing.
Microsoft~ThelargestbusinesssoftwareproviderfordesktopPCsandlaptops,andthe
onlymajoroperatingsystemproviderapartfromApple,theycreatedWindows,Microsoft
Office(whichincludesWord,Excel,AccessandPowerpoint),InternetExplorer,Outlook
andmanyotherwidelyusedprograms.Theyarebelatedlymovingintothetabletand
phonemarketstoo,buttheyarewaybehindinthesemarkets,andtheirfirstattemptto
createaunifiedWindowsforalldevices,Windows8,wasabitofadisaster.
MiddleEast/Africa(PN)~Thegeographiclocation,coveringtheMiddleEastandAfrica,
withintheAzureregiontaxonomyinZone2.
middletier(n)~ThelogicallayerbetweenauserinterfaceorWebclientandthedatabase.
ThisistypicallywheretheWebserverresidesandwherebusinessobjectsareinstantiated.
middleware(n)~Softwarethatsitsbetweentwoormoretypesofsoftwareandtranslates
informationbetweenthem.Middlewarecancoverabroadspectrumofsoftwareand
generallysitsbetweenanapplicationandanoperatingsystem,anetworkoperating
system,oradatabasemanagementsystem.
Middleware~Middlewareissoftwarethatallowselementsofapplicationstointeroperate
acrossnetworkslinks,despitedifferencesinunderlyingcommunicationsprotocols,system
architectures,operatingsystems,anddatabasesandotherapplicationservices.
MIDI(n)~AspecificationoftheMIDIManufacturersAssociation(MMA).The
specificationdefinesaprotocolfordescribingmusicdata,suchasnoteonandnoteoff
messages;afileformatforstoringmusicdata,calledStandardMIDI;andastandard
hardwareinterface.
MIDI~(MusicalInstrumentDigitalInterface;pr.‘middy’)Averypopularstandardfor
controllingmusicalinstrumentsconnectedtocomputers.-AMIDIfileisalistof
instructionstoplayparticularnotesatparticularintervalsinparticularstyles,notasound
recording.
MIDL(PN)~MicrosoftimplementationandextensionoftheInterfaceDefinition
Language(IDL).
midmarket(n)~AbusinesswithrevenuesbetweenUS$$5millionand$3billionper
year.
midpoint(n)~Ahandlethatappearsinthemiddleofaselectedline,arc,orotherone-
dimensional(1-D)shape.
midpoint(n)~Thereferencepointthatismidwaybetweenarangeminimumand
maximuminagradedcompensationplan.Itrepresentstheintendedaveragepayforall
employeesatacertaincompensationlevel.
midtone(n)~Atoneinapicturethatisinthemiddleofthetonalrange,betweenthe
lightestanddarkesttones
MIFfile(n)~AfilethatcanbeusedtomodifytheSMS/ConfigurationManagerdatabase
bycreatingarchitectures,objectclasses,andattributes.
migrate(v)~Tomovefilesordatafromonesoftwareproduct,format,orprotocol,to
another.
migration(n)~Theprocessofmovingadeployedvirtualmachinefromitscurrentvirtual
machinehosttoanotherhost.
migration(n)~Theprocessoftakingstructuralmetadataanddatafromonedeployment
toanotherdeployment.
migration(n)~Theprocessofmakingexistingapplicationsanddataworkonadifferent
computeroroperatingsystem.
migrationbatch(n)~AcollectionofuseraccountsthatarebeingsubmittedinaCSVfile
formigrationfromanon-premisesmessagingsystemtoane-mailsysteminthecloud.
migrationbatchrequest(n)~Theactionofsubmittingamigrationbatchformigration
fromanon-premisesmessagingsystemtoane-mailsysteminthecloud.
MigrationEndpoint(PN)~Amanagementobjectthatcontainstheconnectionsettings
andadministratorcredentialsforthesourceserverthathoststhemailboxesthatyouwant
tomigratetoExchangeOnline.
migrationmode(n)~AmodeinSharePointOnlinethatdefineswhetherfilemetadatais
allowedtobeeditedaftermigration.Whenmigrationmodeisenabled,thesitecollection
administratorcanedittheaudit-specificmetadata(createdby,createddate,modifiedby
andmodifieddate)forthemigratedfiles.
mike(n)~Adevicethatconvertssoundwavesintoanalogelectricalsignals.Additional
hardwarecanconvertthemicrophone’soutputintodigitaldatathatacomputercan
process;forexample,torecordmultimediadocumentsoranalyzethesoundsignal.
MildLanguage(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
MildLyrics(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
MildViolence(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
mileageengine(n)~Anenginethatdeterminesthemileagethatfreightwilltravel
betweenitsoriginanddestinationpoints,andcalculatestheshippingrateforthefreight
accordingly.
milestone(n)~Apointontheprojectscheduleatwhichtheprojectteamassessesprogress
andquality,andreviewsdeviationsinscopeandspecifications.Aprojectmayhavemany
interimmilestonesforinternaluseonly,whichsignalatransitionwithinaphaseandhelp
dividelargeprojectsintoworkablepieces.Externalmilestonesormajormilestones
typicallyoccurattheendofmajorphasesofworkandareassociatedwiththecompletion
ofmajordeliverables.Externalmilestonesarethepointswheretheteamandcustomer
reviewworktodateandagreetoproceedwiththeproject,appearasataskwithaduration
ofzeroworkunits,andareexposedoncustomerreports.
milestonebilling(n)~Amethodofrequestingpaymentwhenpredefinedmilestonesare
reached.
milkrun(n)~Afreightdeliveryroutethatentailstwoormorestops,wherethecarrier
deliversloadseitherfromasinglesuppliertomultiplebuyersorfrommultiplesuppliersto
asinglebuyer.
millionsofinstructionspersecond(n)~Acommonmeasureofprocessorspeed.
millisecond(n)~Onethousandthofasecond.
MIM(PN)~VnextforFIM-addedfunctionalityandPAMfeatureforIdentity
Managementcustomers
MIMCM(PN)~AMIMservicecomponentforprovidingsupporttocertificateandsmart
cardmanagemenandcredentialmanagementtobothWindowsServerand3rdparty
certificationauthorities(CAs).
MIME(n)~Acommonmethodfortransmittingnon-textdatathroughInternete-mail.
MIMEencodesnon-textdataasASCIItextandthendecodesitbacktoitsoriginalformat
atthereceivingend.AMIMEheaderisaddedtothefilewhichincludesthetypeofdata
containedandtheencodingmethodused.
MIME~(MultipurposeInternetMailExtension;pr.‘mime’)Anencodingsystemused
in-email,mainlyforsendingattachments.Emailwasoriginallydesignedtojustuseplain
text,soprograms,graphicsetchavetobesortofdisguisedastextforemailsystemstobe
abletohandlethem.MIMEismorepowerfulthanitspredecessor,UUENCODE(pr.you-
you-encode),butnotallsystemsacceptit.
MIMEmapping(n)~Amethodofconfiguringbrowserstoviewfilesthatareinmultiple
formats.AnextensionoftheInternetmailprotocolthatenablesthesendingof8-bit-based
e-mailmessages,whichareusedtosupportextendedcharactersets,voicemail,facsimile
images,andsoon.
min/maxmethod(n)~Anitemreplenishmentpolicyusedinthemasterscheduling
calculation.
Minitoolbar(n)~AsetofUIcontrolsthatappearincontextwhenanobjectisselected
andcontainactionsthatactupontheobject.
MiniToolbar(PN)~Amenuthatcontainsthemostcommonlyusedcontextual
commandssuchasCut,Copy,Paste,Comment,andProofing.
MiniTranslator(PN)~Afeaturethatdisplaysadefinitionortranslationofawordor
pieceoftextinaScreenTipwhenthepointerismovedovertheselection.
minidriver(n)~Arelativelysmall,simpledriverorfilethatcontainsadditional
instructionsneededbyaspecifichardwaredevicetointerfacewiththeuniversaldriverfor
aclassofdevices.
minidump(n)~Smallfilesthatcontainausefulsubsetoftheinformationcontainedina
crashdumpfile,sothattheycanbeeasilysentovertheInternettotechnicalsupport.
MinIE(PN)~ThenewdefaultmodeinInternetExplorerthatenablesmorewebcontentto
bevisibleandreducesthevisiblecontrolsinthetop-levelframe.
MinIEFrame(PN)~ThenewdefaultmodeinInternetExplorerthatenablesmoreweb
contenttobevisibleandreducesthevisiblecontrolsinthetop-levelframe.
minification(n)~Thecompressionoffiles(typicallyJavaScript,CSS)byremovingwhite
space,commentsandothercompressionmethodstoreducedownloadsize.
minifilterdriver(n)~Adriverusedbyanti-malwaresoftware,backupagents,and
encryptionproductstointerceptrequeststhataretargetedatafilesystem,oranotherfile
systemdriver,beforetherequestreachesitsintendeddestination.
mini-frame(n)~Afloatingwindowthatcontainsapane.
mini-framewindow(n)~Afloatingwindowthatcontainsapane.
minimize(v)~ToreduceawindowtoabuttononthetaskbarbyclickingtheMinimize
button(leftmostbuttonontherightsideofthetitlebar)orbypressingALT+SPACEBAR
andthenpressingN.
minimizebutton(n)~InWindows3.x,Windows9x,WindowsNT,andWindows2000,a
buttonintheupperright-handcornerofawindowthatwhenclickedhidesthewindow.In
Windows3.xandWindowsNT3.5andearlier,aniconappearsonthedesktopthat
representsthewindow;inWindows95,WindowsNT4,andlaterversions,thenameof
thewindowappearsonthetaskbaratthebottomofthedesktopscreen.Whentheiconor
thenameisclicked,thewindowisrestoredtoitsprevioussize.
minimizedwindow(n)~Awindowremovedfromviewandreplacedwithaplaceholder,
typicallyataskbarbutton.AminimizedwindowhastheWS_MINIMIZEstyle.
MiniMode(n)~AminimizedversionofthePropertiespanel.MiniModedisplaysabarof
iconswitheachiconrepresentingacategorywithinthePropertiespanel.
minimuminstallation(n)~Aninstallationwhereonlythenecessarycomponentsare
installedonasystem.
minimuminventory(n)~Theminimumdesiredinventorylevel.Inventoryisreplenished
whenitreachestheminimumlevelsothaton-handinventorystaysabovetheminimum.
minimumTTL(n)~InDNS,adefaultTimetoLive(TTL)valuethatissetinseconds
andusedwithallresourcerecordsinazone.Thisvalueissetinthestartofauthority
(SOA)resourcerecordforeachzone.Bydefault,theDNSserverincludesthisvaluein
queryresponses.Itisusedtoinformrecipientshowlongtheycanstoreanduseresource
records,whichareprovidedinthequeryanswer,beforetheymustexpirethestored
recordsdata.WhenTTLvaluesaresetforindividualresourcerecords,thosevalues
overridetheminimumTTL.
miningmodel(n)~Anobjectthatcontainsthedefinitionofadataminingprocessandthe
resultsofthetrainingactivity.Forexample,adataminingmodelmayspecifytheinput,
output,algorithm,andotherpropertiesoftheprocessandholdtheinformationgathered
duringthetrainingactivity,suchasadecisiontree.
miningstructure(n)~Adataminingobjectthatdefinesthedatadomainfromwhichthe
miningmodelsarebuilt.
mini-notebook(n)~Anotebookthatissmallerinsizeandlighterinweightthanafull-
sizednotebook,whileretainingthesamefunctionality.
Mini-Setup(n)~AsubsetofGUI-modeSetup,Mini-Setupisthefirst-runexperienceon
theWindowsServer2003family.Mini-Setuppromptsforuser-specificinformation,
detectsnewhardware,andregeneratessystemIDs.
Mini-Setupwizard(n)~Awizardthatstartsthefirsttimeacomputerbootsfromahard
diskthathasbeenduplicated.Thewizardgathersanyinformationthatisneededforthe
newlyduplicatedharddisk.
minishell(n)~Apacketofasetofcmdletsandproviders,alongwithastandardconsole
host,intoasingleexecutable.
miniversion(n)~Aversionofafilethatatransactedwritercreatesduringatransaction.
Theminiversioncanbeopenedlaterinthetransactionwithread-onlyaccess.
minorchangerequest(n)~Achangerequestthatisusedforlow-riskandlow-impact
changesaccordingtotheChangePoliciesofyourorganization.Minorchangerequestscan
beapprovedbythechangeowner.
minortickmark(n)~Atickmarkthatcorrespondstoaminorscalingunitonanaxis.-
minorversion(n)~Aversionthatisinprogressorthathaschangedonlyslightlysince
thepreviousversion.
minorityinterest(n)~Thepercentofownershipforashareholderwhoownsfewerthan
50%ofacompany’soutstandingshares.
MintFillingButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectamintfillingfortheircake.
MintCream(PN)~ApropertyoftheBrushesclassin.NETFramework4.5thatgetsthe
solidfillcolorthathasahexadecimalvalueof#FFF5FFFA.
minussign(n)~The-€“character,basedonthewidthofanuppercaseNandused
primarilyasaconnectingelement,especiallywithnumbers.
minuteventilation(n)~Thevolumeofgasinhaledorexhaledfromaperson’slungsin
oneminute.
minute-based(adj)~PertainingtoacomputerrunningFlexGotechnologythatmeters
computerusagetimeinincrementsofminutes.
MINY(n)~AUNICODEcharacter;mathematicalsymbol;minussign.
MIPS(n)~Acommonmeasureofprocessorspeed.
Mirror(n)~AcreditortitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
mirror(n)~Avolumethatduplicatesdataacrosstwoorthreephysicaldisksina
MicrosoftStorageSpacesstoragepool.
mirror(adj)~Pertainingtotheresiliencytypeforavolumethatduplicatesdataacross
twoorthreephysicaldisksinaMicrosoftStorageSpacesstoragepool.
mirrordatabase(n)~Inadatabasemirroringsession,thecopyofthedatabasethatis
normallyfullysynchronizedwiththeprincipaldatabase.
mirrorfile(n)~Afileseparatefromyourdatabasemodeldiagraminwhichyoucansave
thecodefromyourmodel.
mirrorimage(n)~Animagethatisanexactduplicateoftheoriginalwiththeexception
thatonedimensionisreversed.Forexample,aright-pointingarrowandaleft-pointing
arrowofthesamesizeandshapearemirrorimages.
mirrormargins(n)~Marginsoftheleftpageareamirrorimageofthoseoftheright
page.Thatis,theinsidemarginsarethesamewidth,andtheoutsidemarginsarethesame
width.
mirrorserver(n)~Inadatabasemirroringconfiguration,theserverinstancewherethe
mirrordatabaseresides.Themirrorserveristhemirroringpartnerwhosecopyofthe
databaseiscurrentlythemirrordatabase.Themirrorserverisahotstandbyserver.
mirrorsite(n)~Afileserverthatcontainsaduplicatesetoffilestothesetonapopular
server.Mirrorsitesexisttospreadthedistributionburdenovermorethanoneserverorto
eliminatetheneedtousehigh-demandinternationalcircuits.
mirrorsite~Asitethat’sidenticaltoanother.Theseareusuallysetupondifferent
serverstohandleheavytrafficonpopularsitestoeliminatebottlenecks.Many
internationalsiteshavemirrorsitesinvariouscountriestospeedupaccess.
Mirror,Horizontal(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
Mirror,Vertical(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
mirrored(adj)~Oforpertainingtodataonanetworkthatisprotectedbyduplicationona
seconddisk.
mirroredmediaset(n)~Amediasetthatcontainstwotofouridenticalcopies(mirrors)
ofeachmediafamily.Restoreoperationsrequireonlyonemirrorperfamily,allowinga
damagedmediavolumetobereplacedbythecorrespondingvolumefromamirror.
mirroredserver(n)~Aserverwhosedatahasbeenduplicatedeitheronasecondhard
driveoronaremoteserver.
mirroredvolume(n)~Afault-tolerantvolumethatduplicatesdataontwophysicaldisks.
Amirroredvolumeprovidesdataredundancybyusingtwoidenticalvolumes,whichare
calledmirrors,toduplicatetheinformationcontainedonthevolume.Amirrorisalways
locatedonadifferentdisk.Ifoneofthephysicaldisksfails,thedataonthefaileddisk
becomesunavailable,butthesystemcontinuestooperateinthemirrorontheremaining
disk.Youcancreatemirroredvolumesonlyondynamicdisksoncomputersrunningthe
Windows2000ServerorWindowsServer2003familiesofoperatingsystems.Youcannot
extendmirroredvolumes.
mirrored-pagelayout(n)~Alayoutinwhichleftandrightfacingpagesaremirror
imagesofeachother.
mirroring(n)~Immediatelyreproducingeveryupdatetoaread-writedatabase(the
principaldatabase)ontoaread-onlymirrorofthatdatabase(themirrordatabase)residing
onaseparateinstanceofthedatabaseengine(themirrorserver).Inproduction
environments,themirrorserverisonanothermachine.Themirrordatabaseiscreatedby
restoringafullbackupoftheprincipaldatabase(withoutrecovery).
mirroring~Replicatingdataondifferentcomputersordevicestoprovidebackupor
improvedperformance
mirroring~Inastoragesense,‘mirroring’referstoduplicatingdataonmultipledisk
storagedevicestoprovidebackupintheeventofasystemfailure.
mirroring~InanInternetsense,‘mirroring’referstoreplicatingthecontentsofaWeb
siteatanothersitetominimizeloadonthemainserver,ortospeedupconnectivityina
specificgeographicregion.
miscellaneouscharge(n)~Anadditionalcharge,notrelatedtoquantity,foranitem.
miscellaneouschargecode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsmiscellaneouschargesona
transaction,suchasinvoicefees,freight,andinsurance.
miss(n)~Alineofcodethatwasnotexecutedbyatest.
missedcall(n)~Atelephonecalltheuserhasfailedtoanswer.
missedcallnotification(n)~Ane-mailmessagethatissenttoaUnifiedMessaging
subscriberthatindicatesthatsomeonecalledbutdidnotleaveamessage.
missedconversation(n)~Anincomingconversationthatwasnotacknowledgedbythe
user.Missedconversationnotificationsaresavedandreportedtotheuser.
missingaccountanalysis(n)~Afeaturethatusesthehighestandlowestvaluesfroma
rowdefinitionorreportingtreedefinitiontosearchforaccountsordimensionsthatare
missingfromtherowdefinitionorreportingtreedefinition,butthatexistinthefinancial
data.
missingevent(n)~Aneventthatwassupposedtooccurwithinaspecifiedtimeinterval,
butdidnotoccur.
mission-critical(adj)~Pertainingtoinformation,equipment,orotherassetsofabusiness
orprojectthatareessentialtothesuccessfuloperationoftheorganization.Forexample,
accountingdataandcustomerrecordsareoftenconsideredmissioncriticalinformation.
miterjoin(n)~Thejoinstylewheretheendsoftwoconsecutivelinesorpathsforma
sharporaclippedcorner,dependingonwhetherthelengthofthemiterexceedsthemiter
limit.
miterlimit(n)~Thelimitofthethicknessofthejoinonamiteredcorner.Themiterlimit
controlshowlongthecornerpointofamiterjoincangetbeforeitisautomatically
squaredoffintoabeveljoin.
mitigation(PN)~Theactofcreatingastrategyforhandlingaproblemorsetofproblems
thatwilleitherfixtheproblemormakeitseffectsaspainlessaspossible.
mixcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatallowsthecreatorofaloadtestscenariotoadjustthe
distributionoftests,browsertypes,andnetworktypes,expressedaspercentages.You
adjustthepercentagesbymovingsliders.
mixview(n)~Aviewdisplayingamixofthemostrelevantcontentandshortcutsfora
LiveTile.
mixedcellreference(n)~Inspreadsheets,acellreference(theaddressofacellneededto
solveaformula)inwhicheithertheroworthecolumnisrelative(automaticallychanged
whentheformulaiscopiedormovedtoanothercell)andtheotherisabsolute(not
changedwhentheformulaiscopiedormoved).
mixedmode(n)~Anoperatingmodesettingthatallowsinteroperabilitybetween
versions.
mixedmode(n)~Adeploymentmethodinwhichaserviceisdeployedandrunslocallyin
thecomputeemulator,butthedataishostedinstorageservicesontheMicrosoftAzure
platform.
mixed-valueappearance(n)~Thevisualdisplayforacontrolwhichreflectsamixedset
ofvalues.
MLStudio(PN)~AMicrosoftAzureMachineLearningservicethatprovidesan
environmentfordatascientistsoremerginganalyticsdeveloperstobuildpredictive
analyticsmodelsfromscratch.
MLA(PN)~AlicenseagreementthatissignedbyOEMswhowishtopreinstallMicrosoft
softwareontheircustomersystemsanddistributeandsublicensethepreinstalledsoftware
toendusers.Itconsistsofcoretermsandvariousschedules.
MLM~(Multi-LevelMarketing)-Ascamsimilartopyramidselling,oncemuchin
evidenceontheinternet,particularlyin-spam.Despitetheclaimsofthosepromoting
MLM,itisofdubiouslegalityinmostjurisdictions.
MMC(n)~AMicrosoftmanagementdisplayframeworkthatprovidesaunifiedviewfor
administeringmultipleintegratednetworkapplications.
MMCsnap-in(n)~AprogramthatishostedbytheMicrosoftManagementConsole
(MMC)console.
MMOG(n)~AgameconductedovertheInternetinwhichalargenumberofplayers
(hundredsorthousands)participatesimultaneously.
MMORPG~(MassivelyMultiplayerOnlineRole-PlayingGame).Anonlinerole-playing
game(RPG)designedtoplayedbythousandsofplayerssimultaneously,suchas
EverquestorWarcraft.
MMR(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstmeasles,mumps,andrubella.
MMRV(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstmeasles,mumps,rubella,andvaricella
(chickenpox).
MMS(PN)~Atelecommunicationsstandardthatletsuserssendandreceivemessages
thatincluderichtext,images,audio,andvideo.
MMSAPN(n)~TheAPN(AccessPointName)aphonecanusetosendMMSmessages
(textmessageswithmultimediafilesattached).
MMSprotocol(n)~AMicrosoftprotocolthatenablescontenttobestreamedoverthe
Internetoranintranetasaunicaststream.
MMSC(n)~AserverthatstoresMMSmessagecontentsentfromphonesonamobile
operator’snetwork.
mnemonic(n)~Aword,rhyme,orothermemoryaidusedtoassociateacomplexor
lengthysetofinformationwithsomethingthatissimpleandeasytoremember.
Mnemonicsarewidelyusedincomputing.Programminglanguagesotherthanmachine
language,forexample,areknownassymboliclanguagesbecausetheyuseshort
mnemonics,suchasADD(foraddition)anddef(fordefine)torepresentinstructionsand
operations.Similarly,operatingsystemsandapplicationsbasedontypedcommandsuse
mnemonicstorepresentinstructionstotheprogram.MSDOS,forexample,usesdir(for
directory)torequestalistoffiles.
mnemonic(n)~Asinglekey,usedincombinationwithCTRL,ALT,orSHIFTkeys,that
activatesamenucommandinanopenmenu.Themnemonicisshownasanunderlined
letterineachmenuitem.
m-node(n)~ANetBIOSnodetypethatusesamixofb-nodeandp-nodecommunications
toregisterandresolveNetBIOSnames.M-nodefirstusesbroadcastresolution;then,if
necessary,itusesaserverquery.
Mobile(n)~AnitemthatappearsontheForwardingCallsTomenu.Whentheuser
selectsMobile,Communicatorautomaticallyforwardsincomingcallstothenumberthe
userhaspublishedforhismobilephone.
Mobile(adj)~Afieldthatcontainsacontact’smobilephonenumber.
Mobile(PN)~ThelinktotheWindowsLivesitewhereuserscanregistertheirmobile
phoneandfindinformationabouttheWindowsLiveforMobileservices.
MobileAccessforWindowsSharePointServices(n)~Afeaturethatenablesmobile
devices,suchascellularphones,toaccesssomeSharePointservices.
mobileaddress(n)~Anemailaddressthat’sattachedtoamobilephonebyamobile
providerandusedformessagingtransmittedoveranemailservice.
mobileapp(n)~AnInternetapplicationthatrunsonsmartphonesandotherportable
devices.
mobileappbar(n)~Theworkspacealongthebottomedgeofthescreenthatenablesthe
usertoaccessOffice365servicesorsignout.
mobileapplicationmanagement(n)~Softwareandservicesresponsibleforprovisioning
andcontrollingaccesstointernallydevelopedandcommerciallyavailablemobileapps
usedinbusinesssettingsonbothcompany-providedand-€œbringyourown-€?
smartphonesandtabletcomputers.
MobileApplicationStores~offerdownloadableapplicationstomobileusers,mostly
consumers,viaastorefrontthatiseitherembeddedinthemobilehandsetorfoundonthe
fixedormobileWeb.
MobileApps(n)~AfeatureofAppServicethatallowsdeveloperstocreatemobileapps
thatengageemployees,partners,andcustomersonanydeviceatanytime.
mobilebrowser(n)~Awebbrowserdesignedforuseonamobilephoneordevice.
mobilecode(n)~Anycodeplacedonacentralserverthatismeanttobedownloadedand
runbymultipleclients.MobilecodecanbedistributedusingWebservers,FTPservers,
fileshares,andsoon.Typically,usersrunmobilecodefromtheintranetandInternet
zones.
mobilecomputingdevice(n)~AmobiledevicesuchasPDA,PocketPC,smartphone
thatsupportmobilecomputing.
mobilecontrols(n)~ControlsforbuildingmobileWebapplications.
mobilecredentials(n)~AmobilephonenumberandPIN.Addingmobilecredentialsto
anaccountmakesiteasierfortheaccountholdertosigninontheirmobiledevice.
MobileDeploymentManager(n)~Atoolyouusetocreateadeploymentpackagefor
eachmobiledevicethatmustbeconfigured.Youchoosewhichinstallationitemsto
includeinthedeploymentpackageforeachdevice,andspecifythemethodoftransferring
thedeploymentpackagetothedevice,eitherActiveSyncorcopyingthepackageontoan
externalstoragecard.ThistoolisinstalledaspartofMicrosoftCRMMobileserver-side
setup,andcanalsobeinstalledasastand-alonetoolonanycomputerrunningMicrosoft
WindowsXP.
MobileDeploymentPackageManager(n)~AsetofCRMMobileservercomponents
thatareusedtosynchronizedatabetweenmobiledevicesandtheMicrosoftCRMserver.
mobiledevice(n)~Apieceofhandheldequipmentsuchasaportablemusicorvideo
player,PDA(personaldigitalassistant),mobilephone,orWindowsMobiledevicethat
worksonitsownbutcanalsoconnecttoacomputer.Manyofthesedevicescansync
informationwithWindows.
mobiledevice(n)~Apieceofhandheldequipmentsuchasaportablemusicorvideo
player,PDA(personaldigitalassistant),mobilephone,orwarehousedevicethatworkson
itsownbutcanalsobeconnectedtoacomputer.Manyofthesedevicescansync
informationwithWindows.Warehousemobiledevicesusebarcodetechnologytoprocess
inventoryoperations.
mobiledevicemanagement(n)~Softwarethatsecures,monitors,manages,andsupports
mobiledevicesdeployedacrossmobileoperators,serviceproviders,andenterprises.
mobileemulatorssavestate(n)~Thefilecontainingtheoperatingsystemimageandthe
memorystate,configurations,sharedfoldersandsoontorepresentthecompletestateof
theemulatoratthetimethatitsimulatesasuspend-to-RAMoperation.
mobilehotspot(n)~AdevicethatsharesitsInternetconnectionwithotherWi-Fi-enabled
devices.
MobileLink(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstoeasilydiscoverandusetheircell
phone’sdatacapabilitiestoconnecttheirlaptoptotheInternet.
mobilemessaging(n)~Afeaturethatenablesacustomertosendatextmessagetoany
contactwhousesasupportedmobiledevice.
mobileoperator(n)~Acompanythatprovidestelephoneandothercommunications
servicestoconsumers.
mobileoperatorapp(n)~Aprivilegedappthatenablesamobileoperatortobuildan
accountexperiencethatlinkstheirSIMtotheConnectionManagerunderMobile
Broadbandconnections.
mobilePC(n)~AportablecomputerthatrunsafullversionofWindows.
MobilePCIExpressModule(n)~Anindustrystandardconnectorusedinmobile
platformsforattachingperipheralstothePCIbus.
MobilePhone(PN)~AbuttonintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePhonestab,thattheuser
clickstoenterhisorhermobilephonenumber.
mobilephone(n)~Ahandheldportabletelephonethatoperatesthrougharadionetwork.
mobileprinting(n)~ThefeaturewhichenablesprintingfromaWindowsmobiledevice.
MobileRobots~moveandnavigateinanautonomousorsemiautonomousmannerand
havetheabilitytosenseorinfluencetheirlocalenvironments.
mobileserviceprovider(n)~Acompanythatprovidestextmessagingservices.
MobileServices(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatenablesdeveloperstoadda
cloud-basedbackendservicetoanapp.
Mobilesite(PN)~TheWindowsMobilefooterlinktothesitethatisbuiltforviewing
frommobiledevices.
mobileusercontrol(n)~AnASP.NETmobilecontrolderivedfromthe
System.Web.UI.MobileControls.MobileUserControlclass.Usercontrolsprovide
containersforcustomcontrolsbuiltfromotherASP.NETmobilecontrols.
MobileVPN(PN)~Theextensionofaprivatenetworkthatencompassesencapsulated,
encrypted,andauthenticatedlinksacrosssharedorpublicmobilenetworks.MobileVPN
connectionstypicallyprovideremoteaccessandrouter-to-routerconnectionstoprivate
networksovertheInternetthroughmobiledevices.
mobileweb(n)~Websitesorservicesthatareavailabletoawebbrowseronamobile
deviceviaWAPtechnology.
MobileMe~MobileMe(formerly.MacandiTools)isasubscription-basedcollectionof
onlineservicesandsoftwareofferedbyAppleInc.-http://www.me.com/
mockobject(n)~Aclassusedasaproxyforgaininggreatercodecoverageinunit
testing.
mock-up(n)~Asketchorrepresentationthatshowsthelayoutofthepublicationthatyou
plantocreate.
modaldialog(n)~Adialogthatrequirestheusertotakesomeactionbeforethefocuscan
switchtoanotherformordialogbox.Dialogboxesandmessagesareusuallymodal.
modaldialogbox(n)~Adialogboxthatrequirestheusertosupplyinformationorclose
thedialogboxbeforeallowingtheapplicationtocontinue.
modalwindow(n)~Awindowthatrequirestheusertotakesomeactionbeforethefocus
canswitchtoanotherformordialogbox.Dialogboxesandmessagesareusuallymodal.
modality(n)~Themethodofcommunication.Forexample,voicecall,instantmessage,e-
mail,textmessage,voicemessage,voicemailmessage,filesharing,applicationsharing,
andsoon.
mode(n)~Theoperationalstateofacomputeroraprogram.Forexample,editmodeis
thestateinwhichaprogramacceptschangestoafile.
ModeSwitcher(PN)~AbuttonthatallowsyoutoquicklytogglebetweenPlayerMode
andLibraryModeinWindowsMediaPlayer.
model(n)~Amathematicalorgraphicalrepresentationofareal-worldsituationorobject.
Forexample,amathematicalmodelofthedistributionofmatterintheuniverse,a
spreadsheet(numeric)modelofbusinessoperations,oragraphicalmodelofamolecule.
model(n)~InOperationsManager,asoftwarerepresentationofhardware,software,
servicesandotherlogicalcomponentsthatareinyourenvironment.Themodelcaptures
thenatureofthosecomponentsandtherelationshipsbetweenthem.
model(n)~Arepresentationofadeclarativestructureandbehavior.
modelassociation(n)~Arelationshipthatallowsuserstodefinelinksbetweenreference
dataelementstoenablefactdatamovement.
modelbinder(n)~AfeatureofASP.NETthatautomaticallyconvertsdatathatispostedin
anHTMLformtoa.NETFrameworkdatatype.
modelbinding(n)~Theprocessofautomaticallyconvertingdatathatispostedinan
HTMLformtoa.NETFrameworkdatatype.
modeldatabase(n)~AdatabasethatisinstalledwithMicrosoftSQLServerandthat
providesthetemplatefornewuserdatabases.SQLServercreatesadatabasebycopyingin
thecontentsofthemodeldatabaseandthenexpandingthenewdatabasetothesize
requested.
modeldependency(n)~Arelationshipbetweentwoormoremodelsinwhichonemodel
isdependentontheinformationofanothermodel.
ModelFirst(PN)~AsetoffeaturesintheEntityFrameworkfordefiningamodelby
usingtheEntityDataModelDesigner.
modelsite(n)~AnobjectthatorganizesdatawithinaPerformancePointPlanningServer
application.Amodelsiteisacontainerformodelsandtheirrelatedelements(suchas
dimensions,securityandmappinginformation,andbusinessprocessdefinitions)thatare
usedtostructurebusinessintelligencedata.Eachmodelsitecaninheritdataandstructure
fromtherootmodelsiteoftheapplication.
modelstore(n)~AMicrosoftSQLServerdatabasewhereallobjectsintheApplication
ObjectTree(AOT)arestored.
modelerrole(n)~AnadministrativeroleforPerformancePointServerthatallows
memberstoperformanymodelingoperationwithintheirscope(applicationormodel
site).
modeless(adj)~Pertainingtonon-restrictiveornon-limitedinteraction.Modelessoften
describesasecondarywindowthatdoesnotrestrictauser’sinteractionwithother
windows.
modelessdialogbox(n)~Adialogboxthatallowstheusertosupplyinformationand
returntoaprevioustaskwithoutclosingthedialogbox.
modelingabstractionlayer(n)~Thelayerthatresidesbetweenusers(bothapplication
developersandend-users)andSQLServerandSQLServerAnalysisServicesdata.
modem(n)~Acommunicationsdevicethatconvertsbetweendigitaldatafromacomputer
orterminalandanalogaudiosignalsthatcanpassthroughastandardtelephoneline.
Modem~(MOdulator/DEModulator)-Adeviceforallowingcomputerstocommunicate
overaphoneline.
modemcompression(n)~Atechniqueusedtoreducethenumberofcharacters
transmittedwithoutlosingdatacontent.Thetransmittingmodemcompressesthedataand
thereceivingcomputerormodemdecompressesthedatabacktoitsoriginalstate.
ModifiedAcceleratedCostRecoverySystem(n)~Amethodofaccelerateddepreciation
permittedbytaxcodesthatclassifiesdepreciableassetsintooneofseveralrecovery
periods,eachofwhichhasadesignatedpatternofallowabledepreciation.
modifierkey(n)~Akeyboardkeythat,whenpressed(andheld),changestheactionsof
ordinaryinput.
ModifyReport(v)~Abutton,foundontheReporttoolbar,thatenablestheuserto
customizeareport.
ModifySubjectstorageoption(n)~TheoptiononthePolicyFilterpagefordelivering
spame-mailmessagestotherecipientwithanidentifyingwordorphraseinthesubject
line.
modulationstandards(n)~Protocolsthatdeterminehowmodemsconvertdigitaldata
intoanalogsignalsthatcanbetransmittedovertelephonelines.
modulator/demodulator(n)~Acommunicationsdevicethatconvertsbetweendigital
datafromacomputerorterminalandanalogaudiosignalsthatcanpassthrougha
standardtelephoneline.
module(n)~Inprogramming,acollectionofroutinesanddatastructuresthatperformsa
particulartaskorimplementsaparticularabstractdatatype.Modulesusuallyconsistof
twoparts:aninterface,whichliststheconstants,datatypes,variables,androutinesthat
canbeaccessedbyothermodulesorroutines,andanimplementation,whichisprivate
(accessibleonlytothemodule)andwhichcontainsthesourcecodethatactually
implementstheroutinesinthemodule.
module(n)~AcomponentthatcanberegisteredaspartoftheASP.NETrequestlifecycle
andthatcanreadorchangetherequestorresponseasitisprocessed.Modulesareoften
usedtoperformspecialtasksthatneedtomonitoreachrequest,suchassecurityorsite
statistics.
module(n)~Aloadableunit,whichcancontaintypedeclarationsandtype
implementations.Themodulecontainsenoughinformationtoenablethecommon
languageruntimetolocateallimplementationbitswhenthemoduleisloaded.Theformat
formodulesisanextensionoftheWindowsportableexecutable(PE)fileformat.When
deployed,amoduleisalwayscontainedinanassembly.
module(n)~Acontentelementausercanaddtotheirspace.
module(oth)~Anexecutableprogramfileoradynamiclinklibrary(DLL).
modulelevel(n)~DescribesanyvariableorconstantdeclaredintheDeclarationssection
ofamoduleoroutsideaprocedure.Variablesorconstantsdeclaredatthemodulelevelare
availabletoallproceduresinamodule.
module-levelvariable(n)~Avariablethat’sdeclaredintheDeclarationssectionofa
modulebyusingthePrivatekeyword.Thesevariablesareavailabletoallproceduresin
themodule.
modulo(n)~Anarithmeticoperationwhoseresultistheremainderofadivision
operation.Forexample,17modulo3=2because17dividedby3yieldsaremainderof2.
Modulooperationsareusedinprogramming.
MOF(n)~Thefiletype,basedontheInterfaceDefinitionLanguage(IDL),thatdescribes
managementinformation.TheMOFsyntaxisawaytodescribeobjectdefinitionsin
textualform.
MOFfile(n)~Atextfilethatcontainsdefinitionsofclassesandinstancesusingthe
ManagedObjectFormatlanguage.
MOH(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheplayingofprerecordedmusic/audioforcallerswhile
theyareonhold.
MOICE(PN)~AfeaturethatisaddedtotheMicrosoftOfficeCompatibilityPacktoopen
Word,Excel,andPowerPointbinaryformatfilesandsecurelyconvertthemtotheOffice
2007fileformats.
moirépattern(n)~Videoartifactsthatoccurwhenrecordinganobjectthathasmany
thin,parallellines.
MOM(n)~AfamilyofMicrosoftserverapplicationsdesignedtoprovidetheevent
management,proactivemonitoringandalerting,reportingandtrendanalysisservices
neededtosupportmission-criticalnetworkapplicationsandsystems.
MOMAdministratorConsole(PN)~AconsolebasedonMicrosoftManagement
Console(MMC)technology,usedformonitoringandeventmanagement.Canincludethe
MicrosoftOperationsManager2005InformationCenter,Operations,ManagementPacks,
andAdministrationsnap-ins.
MOMagent(n)~Theagentinstalledonacomputertomonitorit.
MOMConnectorFramework(n)~AframeworkusedtoconnectMOMsystomtoother
managementsystems,suchasIBMtivoly,HPOpenviewetc.
MOMdatabase(n)~AMicrosoftSQLServerdatabasethatstoresconfiguration
informationandoperationsdatathatisproducedbythemonitoringprocess.
MOMDatabaseServer(n)~TheserverwheretheMOMdatabaseislocated.
MOMManagementServer(n)~Acomputerthatisresponsibleformonitoringand
managingothercomputers.TheMOMManagementServerconsistsoftheDAS,andthe
MOMServerandMOMAgentcomponents.TheMOMManagementServerisan
essentialpartofamanagementgroup.
MOMreport(n)~ApredefinedreportthatisprovidedwiththeMicrosoftOperations
Manager(MOM)2005ManagementPack.Reportsareorganizedbythreecategories:
MicrosoftOperationsManager,OperationalDataReporting,OperationalHealthAnalysis.
MOMReportingServer(n)~AcomponentthatusesSQLServerReportingServicesto
generateanddisplayreports.
MOMService(n)~TheservicethattheMicrosoftOperationsManagerprovides.
moment(n)~
Monad(n)~ThecodenamefortheWindowscommand-lineshelltechnologyand
scriptinglanguagethatprovidesataskautomationsolutionfortheWindowsplatform.
monetaryamount(n)~Aclassofmeasurementthatrepresentsacharacteristicofthe
financialconsequenceofaneconomic,resourceflow,oraccountingevent.
money(n)~An8-byte,fixed-pointdatatypethatisusefulforcalculationsinvolving
moneyorforfixed-pointcalculationsinwhichaccuracyisextremelyimportant.The
Currencydatatypeisusedtostorenumberswithupto15digitstotheleftofthedecimal
pointand4digitstotheright.Thetype-declarationcharacterinMicrosoft-©VisualBasic-
©isanatsign(@).Currencycanrangefrom-922,337,203,685,477.5808to
922,337,203,685,477.5807.
money(n)~Amediumforexchangingownershipoftheeconomicvaluesrepresentedby
oneormorecurrencyunits.
Money(PN)~Anapplicationthatallowstheusertotrackfinancialmarketconditions,
includingpersonalportfoliotracking,financearticles,toolsandcalculatorforcommon
financialtasks.
moniker(n)~Thedescriptiveform,orexplicitconnectingpoints,ofreferringtothe
locationofalinksource.
moniker(n)~Ashortnamethatlocatesanamespace,class,orinstanceinWMI.
monitor(n)~Thedeviceonwhichimagesgeneratedbythecomputer’svideoadapterare
displayed.Thetermmonitorusuallyreferstoavideodisplayanditshousing.Themonitor
isattachedtothevideoadapterbyacable.
monitor(n)~InOperationsManager,anelementinamanagementpackthatdefineslogic
fordeterminingthehealthstateofanobject.Amonitorcansethealthstate.
monitor(n)~Anactivitythatcontinuouslyrunsandthatinitiatesarunbookwhenthe
monitormatchesthecriteriathatyouspecify.
Monitor~ThescreenofaPC.
Monitorpage(n)~Thepagewhereadministratorssetupnotificationsforasituationin
whichtheire-mailisbeingdeferredbythefilteringservice.
monitorPC(n)~AcomputerthatisnotthehubPCbutthatmonitorstheactivityofother
computersintheOneCarecircle.TheOneCaresubscriptionadministratordesignates
which,ifany,computersinthecirclehavemonitoringprivileges.AmonitorPCcannot
makechangestoanyothercomputerintheOneCarecircle.
monitorserver(n)~Inalogshippingconfiguration,aserverinstanceonwhicheverylog
shippingjobintheconfigurationrecordsitshistoryandstatus.Eachlogshipping
configurationhasitsowndedicatedmonitorserver.
monitoredmailbox(n)~AmailboxthatILMServicemonitorstoreceiveapprovaland
requeste-mailsfromtheILMOutlookClient.
monitoredsystem(oth)~ThesystemwhereamonitoredASP.NETapplicationorweb
servicerunsandwheretheAPMserviceisstarted.
MonitoringCentral(PN)~AWebsitefromwhichuserscaninstallandrunDashboard
Designer,viewproductdocumentation,andopentheDashboardWebPreviewsite.
monitoringlevel(n)~AcombinationofsettingsacrossWCFanalytictracing,workflow
tracking,andtheEventCollectorservicethatdefinetheamountandtypesofmonitoring
informationthatarecollectedandstoredatagivenscopeinIIS.-WindowsServer
AppFabricpredefinesfivemonitoringlevels:Off,ErrorsOnly,HealthMonitoring,
EndToEndMonitoring,andTroubleshooting.-Whenyoucustomizetheseconfiguration
settingstofalloutsideapredefinedlevel,WindowsServerAppFabricconsidersyourlevel
tobeCustom.”
monitoringpack(n)~Akindofmanagementpackthatcontainsthedefinitionofthe
modelagainstwhichanapplicationwillbemonitoredandthelogictomonitorthehealth
andavailabilityofthatapplication.
MonitoringPlug-inforReportDesigner(PN)~Adataprocessingextension(DPE)that
isdeployedtoReportDesigner,aVisualStudiocomponent.ThisDPEallowsReport
DesignertocommunicatewiththeMonitoringSystemdatabaseandallowsVisualStudio
userstocustomizethePerformancePointMonitoringmetadatathatiscontainedwithin
reports.
MonitoringServer(PN)~Acomputerorgroupofcomputersthathostthe
PerformancePointMonitoringServerdatabaseandPerformancePointMonitoringServer
WebService.
MonitoringServerConfigurationManager(PN)~Theadministrationwizardthatis
usedforinstallingandconfiguringMonitoringServer,includingsuchtasksasaddingor
removingcomponents,specifyingthelocationoftheMonitoringSystemdatabase,and
configuringtheserverforSQLServerReportingServicesandWindowsSharePoint
ServicesorMicrosoftOfficeSharePointServices.
monitoringsoftware(n)~Softwarethatmonitorsactivity,suchaskeystrokesorscreen
images.Theseprogramsareofteninstalledbythecomputerowneroradministrator,and
areonlyathreatiftheyareunexpected.
Monitoringtaskarea(n)~AnareainDPSManagementConsolethatdisplaysalerts
whenproblemsorcertaineventsoccur.Italsoshowsalistofjobsrunning,completedand
scheduledforaselectedtimeperiod,allowingtheusertomonitorthestatusofdata
protectionanddatarecovery.
MonitoringWebService(PN)~Acollectionofapplicationprogramminginterfaces
(APIs)thatprovidethecorefunctionalityofPerformancePointMonitoringServer,
connectingPerformancePointDashboardDesignertotheMonitoringServerdatabase,
DashboardViewerforSharePoint,anddatasources.
MonkeyKing(n)~AnOfficeAssistantcharacter.
monochrome(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orbeingamonitorthatdisplaysimagesinonlyone
color-blackonwhite(asonearlymonochromeMacintoshscreens)oramberorgreenon
black(asonearlyIBMandothermonochromemonitors).Thetermisalsoappliedtoa
monitorthatdisplaysonlyvariablelevelsofasinglecolor,suchasagray-scalemonitor.
monolithicdriver(n)~Adriverthatisstructuredtohandleallstoragecommand
processingfromthedriverclasstothehostbusattachment,residinginthecodepatheither
alongsideMicrosoft-suppliedmonolithicdrivers,oralongsideaMicrosoft-suppliedport
driverandvendor-suppliedminiportdrivers.
Monthview(n)~Acalendarviewthatdisplaysinformationforaone-monthperiod.
monthlyresetdate(n)~Asettingwheretheuserprovidesthedatewhentheirmonthly
datausageresetsto0.
mooddefinition(n)~Theinterpretation,whethersystem-suppliedororganizer-specified,
ofaparticularcolorthatindicatesanattendee’smood.
moodindicator(n)~Afeaturethatshowsaparticipant’scolor-codedstatus,asdisplayed
intheSeatingChartpanel.
moodmessage(n)~Apieceofinformationsuppliedbytheuserthatappearsinthemood
panelbesidetheuser’sSkypeNameforotheruserstosee.
moodpanel(n)~Afieldnexttotheuser’sSkypeNamefortypingamoodmessage.
Moore’sLaw~Theideathatcomputingpowerdoublesevery18months,originally
conceivedbyIntelco-founderGordonMoorein1965.
More(n)~AnitemontheActionsmenuthatdisplaysadditionalactionstheusercan
select.
More(PN)~ThelinktothelistofmorelinkstootherMicrosoftsites.
Moremenu(n)~Amenuthatappearsonthenavbartoaccommodateadditionallinksthat
cannotbedisplayedduetoalowscreenresolutionorsmallsizeofthebrowserwindow.
TheMoremenuisrepresentedonthenavbarasanellipsis.
MorphX(PN)~TheMicrosoftDynamicsAXintegrateddevelopmentenvironment(IDE).
MorphXreport(n)~AreportthatisdevelopedusingtheMorphXintegrated
developmentmodel.
MorphXTypeHierarchyBrowser(PN)~Aviewthatdisplaysthestructureofthe
selectedApplicationObjectTree(AOT)classnodeanditsinheritancehierarchies.
MOS(n)~Awidelyacceptednumericalindicationofperceivedaudioqualityof
transmittedspokenmaterial.Itisthemeanofvalues(from1to5)assignedbysubjectsto
testsentencesinanACRtestorthemeanofvaluesobjectivelypredictedbysoftware
algorithms,suchasthoseprovidedbytheMicrosoftUCsolution.
MOSA(PN)~TheagreementbetweenMicrosoftCorporationandaclientonthe
subscriptionofOnlineServices.
Mosaic~TheoriginalWWWbrowserdevelopedatUniversityofIllinois,giventopublic
domain.MosaichasbeenoutdatedbycommercialbrowserslikeNetscape’sNavigatorand
IE.
MOS-CQ(n)~AclassofMOSvaluesthattakesintoaccountlisteningqualityineach
direction,aswellasbidirectionaleffects,suchasdelayandecho.
MOS-LQ(n)~WithintheVoIPindustry,acommonlyusedclassofMOSvaluesthat
measuresthequalityofaudioforlisteningpurposesonly,withouttakingintoaccountany
bidirectionaleffects,suchasdelayandecho.
MostFrequentlyUsedList(n)~Alistofapplicationsthattheenduserhasrecentlyused
orusesfrequently.
MostRecentlyAccessedFiles(n)~Astoragereportthatlistsfilesthathavebeen
accessedmostrecently.Usethisreporttoidentifyfrequentlyuseddatathatneedstobe
highlyavailable.
mostrecentlyused(adj)~Pertainingtoitemsthatwereselectedmostrecently.
motherboard(n)~Theprimarycircuitboardinacomputerthatcontainsmostofthebasic
componentsofthesystem.
Motherboard~Themaincircuitboardinthecomputer-alltheotherbitsandpiecesare
pluggedintoit.
motiondata(n)~Thedatafrommotionsensorswhichisprocessedtocreateinformation
suchasstepcountsoractivities(suchaswalking,running).
motionfocus(n)~Aphotothatillustratesmotionbyblurringtogethermultipleframesof
ashortvideotocreatetheeffectofmotioninthestillimage.
motionpath(n)~Thepaththataspecifiedobjectortextwillfollowaspartofan
animationsequenceforaslide.
motionsearch(n)~Amethodusedbythecodectodetermineandpredictmotioninan
image.
motionsensor(n)~Acategoryofsensorthatmayuseallorsomeofthefollowingapplied
stimulustodetectmovement:ultrasound,infrared,heatandvibration.
mount(v)~Tomakeaphysicaldiskortapeaccessibletoacomputer’sfilesystem.
mount(n)~AnoperationthatrequestsafilesystemtomakeavolumeavailabletotheI/O
Manager.Thefilesystemmakesthevolumeavailablebyfillingintheinformationina
VPBtoindicatetheserialnumberandlabelofthevolumeandbyfillinginthepointerto
thefilesystem’sdeviceobjectthatrepresentsthevolumemountedontherealdevice.
mount~Thistermcomesfromthedayswhentapemediahadtobephysicallymountedat
theinstructionofanoperatingsystem.
mountcall(n)~AcalltothemountfunctioninUNIX.Themountfunctionrequeststhata
removablefilesystemcontainedontheblockspecialfileidentifiedbyspecbemountedon
thedirectoryidentifiedbydir.Thespecanddirargumentsarepointerstopathnames.
Afterasuccessfulcalltomount,allreferencestothefiledirrefertotherootdirectoryon
themountedfilesystem.Themountedfilesystemisinsertedintothekernellistofall
mountedfilesystems.Thislistcanbeexaminedthroughthemountedfilesystemtable.
mountpoint(n)~Adirectoryononevolumethatanapplicationcanusetomounta
differentvolume,thatistosetitupforuseatthelocationauserspecifies.Inotherwords,
youcanuseamountpointasagatewaytothevolume.Whenavolumeismountedata
mountpoint,usersandapplicationscanrefertothemountedvolumebythepathofthe
mountpointoradriveletter.Forexample,withamountpointsettheusermightreferto
driveDasC:\mnt\Ddrive’aswellas‘D:’.’
mounteddrive(n)~AdriveattachedtoanemptyfolderonanNTFSvolume.Mounted
drivesfunctionthesameasanyotherdrive,butareassignedalabelornameinsteadofa
driveletter.Themounteddrive’snameisresolvedtoafullfilesystempathinsteadofjust
adriveletter.MembersoftheAdministratorsgroupcanuseDiskManagementtocreate
mounteddrivesorreassigndriveletters.
mountedfilesystem(n)~Afilesystemlocatedonaremovablemedium,suchasaPC
Cardstoragedevice.Theoperatingsystemloads,ormounts,thefilesystemwhenthe
mediumisinsertedintothedevice.Itunloads,orunmounts,thefilesystemwhenthe
mediumisremovedorwhentheuserissuesacommandtodoso.
mouse(n)~Aninputdevicewiththefollowingfeatures:aflat-bottomedcasingdesigned
tobegrippedbyonehand;oneormorebuttonsonthetop;amultidirectionaldetection
device(aball,laseroropticaldevice)onthebottom;andacableorwirelessconnectionto
thecomputer.
Mouse~Adeviceusedtomoveapointeraroundonthecomputerscreen.Essentialtoget
themostoutofWindows,thoughitisnotquiteimpossibletouseWindowswithoutone.
mousebutton(n)~Amovablepieceonadevicethatispressedtoactivatesomefunction.
mouseclick(n)~Theactionofpressingandreleasingoneofthemousebuttons.
Mouseelbow~Arepetitivestraininjurythatiscausedbyrepeatedlyusingamouse.
mouseover(v)~Topausethemousepointeronaparticularareaofthescreen,without
clicking.
mousepointer(n)~Anon-screenelementwhoselocationchangesastheusermovesthe
mouse.Dependingonthelocationofthemousepointerandtheoperationoftheprogram
withwhichitisworking,theareaofthescreenwherethemousepointerappearsservesas
thetargetforanactionwhentheuserpressesoneofthemousebuttons.
mouseshortcut(n)~Apredefinedcommandforasinglemouseclickoradoublemouse
click,withorwithoutamodifierkey,thatcanbeusedtoperformatask.
mousewheel(n)~Ahardplasticdisconamousethatisperpendiculartothemouse
surface.Itisnormallylocatedbetweentheleftandrightmousebuttonsandisusedfor
scrolling.
MouseKeys(n)~Akeyboardfeaturethatenablesyoutousethenumerickeypadtomove
themousepointerandtoclick,double-click,anddrag.
move(v)~Totransferafilefromonelocationtoanother.Afterthefileistransferred,there
isonlyonecopyofthefile,inthenewlocation.
MoveContactto(PN)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforacontactthatmovesthe
selectedcontacttothecontactgrouptheuserselectsfromalist.
movehandle(n)~Ahandlethatisdisplayedonsomeobjectssuchastoolbars,tables,or
onindividualrowsorcolumns,thatallowstheusertodragthemtoanotherlocation.
Movemode(n)~ThemodeinwhichyoucanmovecolumnsinDatasheetviewbyusing
theleftandrightarrowkeys.
movemode(n)~Amodeinwhichtheusercanmanipulatea3Dobjectbymovingit.
movesemantics(n)~AC++featurethatenablesadevelopertowritecodethattransfers
resources(suchasdynamicallyallocatedmemory)fromoneobjecttoanotherbyenabling
resourcestobetransferredfromtemporaryobjectsthatcannotbereferencedelsewherein
theprogram.
movie(n)~Aself-runningslideshowthatplaysintheQuickTimeplayerandhasthefile
nameextension.mov.
moviecontrollerbar(n)~Abarthatallowsausertopause,play,backuporrewinda
movieaswellastoadjustthevolume.
moviefile(n)~Afilecreatedbycombiningtheaudio,video,andstillimagescontainedin
yourproject.MoviefilesarecreatedwhenyoupublishyourmovieinWindowsMovie
Maker,andaresavedasaWindowsMediafilewitha.wmvfilenameextension.
Moviegenres(PN)~Thegenreschanneltitleformovies.
MovieMaker(PN)~Softwareforcapturing,editing,andarrangingaudioandvideo
sourcematerialtocreatemovies.
MovieMoments(PN)~Theappthatenablesuserstocreateandeditshortvideosto
highlightmemorablemoments.
Moviestudios(PN)~Thestudioschanneltitleformovies.
Movies(PN)~AnMSNsitethatprovidesexclusivemoviesfeatures,trailersandmovie
clips,movielistingandshowtimes,celebrityphotos,gossipsandnews.
Movies&TV(PN)~Anappthatcanbe-usedtoplayandrecordmoviesandTVshows.
movingaverage(n)~Asequenceofaveragescomputedfrompartsofadataseries.Ina
chart,amovingaveragesmoothsthefluctuationsindata,thusshowingthepatternortrend
moreclearly.
movingaverageenvelope(n)~Abandthatcontainsvalueswithinaspecifiedpercentage
aboveandbelowamovingaverage.
movingaveragetrendline(n)~Atrendlinethatsmoothesoutfluctuationsindatatoshow
apatternortrendmoreclearly.
movingborder(n)~Ananimatedborderthatappearsaroundaworksheetrangethathas
beencutorcopied.Tocancelamovingborder,pressESC.
MovingPictureExpertsGroup(n)~Thecommitteethatcreatesinternationalstandards
forcodingaudio-visualinformationtoadigital,compressedformat.TheacronymMPEG
isappendedtothebeginningofindividualspecificationsdevelopedbythecommittee.For
example,MPEG-2referstothestandard,ISO/IEC-11172.
MovingTitles,Layered(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
MP3(n)~Adigitalaudiocodingschemeusedtodistributerecordedmusicoverthe
Internet.MP3shrinksthesizeofanaudiofilebyafactorof10to12withoutdegrading
thequality(CD-recordinglevel)ofthesound.
MP3~(MPeg-1audiolayer3).Averypopularstandardforcompressingaudioand
particularlymusicfilesdowntoareasonablesizewithlittleornoperceptiblelossof
quality,andthefilescreatedusingit-‘anMP3’isanaudiofile.
See-MPEG,-Compression.
MPAA(n)~AdvocategroupfortheAmericanmotionpicture,homevideoandtelevision
industries.
MPD(PN)~Arecord-basedAccess-compliantfileformatthatyoucanuseforsavingan
entireproject.
MPEG(n)~Thecommitteethatcreatesinternationalstandardsforcodingaudio-visual
informationtoadigital,compressedformat.TheacronymMPEGisappendedtothe
beginningofindividualspecificationsdevelopedbythecommittee.Forexample,MPEG-2
referstothestandard,ISO/IEC-11172.
MPEG~(MotionPictureExpertsGroup;pr.‘em-peg’)Asetofstandardsfor
compressingvideoandaudiofiles,andthecommitteethatcameupwiththem.Also,often
usedtomeanmoviefilescreatedtotheMPEGstandard.
MPEGAudioLayer-3(n)~Adigitalaudiocodingschemeusedtodistributerecorded
musicovertheInternet.MP3shrinksthesizeofanaudiofilebyafactorof10to12
withoutdegradingthequality(CD-recordinglevel)ofthesound.
MPEG-7(n)~AstandardofvideocompressionandfileformatdevelopedbytheMoving
PicturesExpertsGroupfordescriptionandsearchofmultimediacontentdata.
MPF(n)~Aprovisioningplatformandengineforbuilding,maintaining,andextendinga
setofhostedcommercialservices.MPFincludesseveralcomponentsthatworktogetherto
automatetheimplementationandadministrationofspecificresources,includingdirectory
services,mailservices,andstorage.
MPIO(n)~AMicrosoftmultipathingsolutionthatenablesmorethanoneread/writepath
toalogicalunitnumber(LUN).WithMPIO,multipathingisachievedbyassigning
multipleFibreChannelhostbusadapterportsormultipleiSCSIinitiatoradaptersona
servertothesameLUN,andthenconfiguringthatservertouseMPIO.
MPNS(PN)~Anotificationservicethatsendsnewevents,suchasaninstantmessaging
invitationoramissedcall,totheWindowsPhonemobiledevice.
MPOP(n)~TheabilityofasingleusertosignintoaLyncServerorOffice
CommunicationsServerserverwithmultipleclients.
MPR(PN)~AruleinILMthatdefinesaconditionandthesubsequentactiontotake
whenthatconditionismet.Managementpolicyrulesareusedtomodelthebusiness
processingrulesforincomingrequeststoILM.
MPSV(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstinfectionbycertaingroupsof
meningococcalbacteriathatcausemeningococcaldisease.
MPX(PN)~Arecord-basedASCIItextformatthatisusedtoimportdataintoProject.
MRM(n)~RecordsmanagementtechnologyinExchange2007thathelpsorganizations
toreducetherisksthatareassociatedwithe-mailandothercommunications.MRMmakes
iteasiertokeepmessagesthatareneededtocomplywithcompanypolicy,government
regulations,orlegalneeds,andtoremovecontentthathasnolegalorbusinessvalue.
MRU(adj)~Pertainingtoitemsthatwereselectedmostrecently.
MSActivityPurpose(PN)~Afieldthatallowstheusertoindicatethereasonforan
actiontaken(email,fax,meeting,etc.).
MSDTC(n)~Asystemservicethatenablesclientapplicationstoincludeseveral
differentsourcesofdatainonetransaction.MSDTCcoordinatesthecommittingofthe
distributedtransactionacrossalltheserversenlistedinthetransaction.
MSInfluence(PN)~Afieldthatallowstheusertoenterthenameofanorganizationthat
isnotinvolvedinanopportunity,butwhoseworkwiththecompany(customer)may
affectthedemandsthatacustomercompanyhasonthecompanyofferingservices.
MSOnlineDirectoryService(PN)~Theplacewherepasswordsandpasswordpolicyis
managed.
MSAA(PN)~Atechnologythatimprovesthewayprogramsandtheoperatingsystem
workwithaccessibilityaids,suchasscreenreaders.
MSBuild(PN)~TheMicrosoftBuildEngineisaplatformforbuildingapplications.This
engine,whichisalsoknownasMSBuild,providesanXMLschemaforaprojectfilethat
controlshowthebuildplatformprocessesandbuildssoftware.VisualStudiouses
MSBuild,butitdoesn’tdependonVisualStudio.Byinvokingmsbuild.exeonyour
projectorsolutionfile,youcanorchestrateandbuildproductsinenvironmentswhere
VisualStudioisn’tinstalled.
MSCSAuthticket(n)~AticketthatCommerceServercreatesforregisteredusers.
MSCSProfileticket(n)~AticketcreatedbyCommerceServerforanonymous(guest)
users.
msdb(n)~Adatabasethatstoresscheduledjobs,alerts,andbackup/restorehistory
information.
MSDN(n)~AMicrosoftWebsite(andsubscriptionprogram)thatprovidesdevelopers
withthelatesttoolsaswellasinformation,codesamples,andtrainingmaterialsfor
Microsoftdevelopmenttools.(http://msdn.microsoft.com)
MSDNDev/TestPay-As-You-Go(PN)~TheofferforMSDNsubscribersthatallows
themtocreatemultipleMSDNDevandTestPay-As-You-Gosubscriptions.
MSDNPlatforms(PN)~TheofferthatprovidesITProsandnon-MicrosoftDevelopers
comprehensiveaccesstotheMicrosoftplatform,services,toolsandresources,tosupport
thedevelopmentandtestingofhigh-qualityapplicationsfortheWeb,Cloudand
Windows.
MS-DOS(n)~AMicrosoftcomputeroperatingsystemwithacommand-lineinterfacethat
isusedtocontrolmanyinternalcomputerfunctions,suchasrunningprogramsand
organizingandmaintainingfiles.
MS-DOSicon(n)~Theiconattheleftendofthetitlebar.Clickingthisicondisplaysthe
SystemmenufortheMS-DOSwindow.
MS-DOSprompt(n)~ThevisualindicationfromtheMS-DOScommandprocessorthat
theoperatingsystemisreadytoacceptanewcommand.ThedefaultDOSpromptisapath
followedbyagreater-thansign(forexample,C:>);theusercanalsodesignacustom
promptwiththePROMPTcommand.
MS-DOS-basedprogram(n)~AprogramthatisdesignedtorunwithMS-DOSand
thereforemaynotbeabletotakefulladvantageofallWindowsfeatures.
MSDPMTrustedMachinesgroup(n)~Agroupthatcontainsthedomainaccountsforfile
serversthatareauthorizedtocommunicatewiththeDPMserver.DPMusesthisgroupto
ensurethatonlyfileserversthathavetheDPMFileAgentinstalledfromaspecificDPM
servercanrespondtocallsfromthatserver.
msDS-ResultantPSO(oth)~Auserobjectattributethatcanbequeriedtoretrievethe
distinguishednameofthePasswordSettingsobject(PSO)thatisappliedtotheuser.
MSDT(n)~AsystemusedbyPSSforgatheringcustomerconfigurationinformationfor
diagnosticsthroughanimprovedprocessandtool.
MSDTC(n)~Asystemservicethatenablesclientapplicationstoincludeseveraldifferent
sourcesofdatainonetransaction.MSDTCcoordinatesthecommittingofthedistributed
transactionacrossalltheserversenlistedinthetransaction.
MSF(PN)~AframeworkdevelopedbyMicrosoftforplanning,building,andmanaging
distributedcomputingsystems.MSFisasetofprovenpracticesthatcanbeappliedto
planningandimplementingalmostanyformofcomputingtechnology.
MSFT(PN)~Thepublicmultinationalcorporationthatdevelops,manufactures,licenses,
andsupportsawiderangeofproductsandservicespredominantlyrelatedtocomputing.
MSI(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsthatdefinesandmanagesastandardformatfor
applicationsetupandinstallation,andtrackscomponentssuchasgroupsoffiles,registry
entries,andshortcuts.
msinfo32.exe(PN)~Aprogramthatshowsdetailsaboutacomputer’shardware
configuration,computercomponents,andsoftware,includingdrivers.
MSJVM(n)~AMicrosoftprogramthatinterpretsandrunsjavaappletsandapplications
withinMicrosoftWindows.
MSL(n)~AnXML-basedlanguagethatisusedtomapitemsdefinedinaconceptual
modeltoitemsinastoragemodel.
MSMQ(n)~AMicrosofttechnologythatenablesapplicationsrunningatdifferenttimes
tocommunicateacrossheterogeneousnetworksandsystemsthatmaybetemporarily
offline.
MSN(n)~AnInternetconnectivityservicewithwhichyoucanexchangemessageswith
peopleworldwide;readnews,sports,weather,andfinancialinformation;findanswersto
technicalquestions;anddownloadfromacollectionofthousandsofprograms.
MSNApps(PN)~Microsoft’sportalsite,offeringnews,sports,weather,finance,autos,
food&drink,health&fitness,autos,travel,weather,music,videos,TV,and
entertainment&celebritygossipandshopping.
MSNFood&Drink(PN)~Anapplicationthatprovidesrecipesandtoolsformeal-
planning,instructionalviews,andanextensivewineguide.
MSNHealth&Fitness(PN)~Anapplicationthatincludesexerciseandworkoutvideos;
nutritionalandmedicalreferences;andatrackerfordiet,exercise,andhealth.
MSNHome(PN)~MSNHomepage
MSNMobile(PN)~MSNoptimizedformobiledevices.Thelayoutandthelinksare
speciallycraftedtodisplaywellonsmalldisplays.
MSNMoney(PN)~Anapplicationthatallowstheusertotrackfinancialmarket
conditions,includingpersonalportfoliotracking,financearticles,toolsandcalculatorfor
commonfinancialtasks.
MSNNews(PN)~Anapplicationthataggregatesnewsincustomizedviewsfroma
varietyofInternetpartnernewssources,featuringnewsarticles,videos,articles,and
photography.
MSNSports(PN)~Anapplicationthatallowtheusertofollowsportsheadlines,teams,
scores,schedulesandstandings.
MSNToolbar(PN)~AMicrosoftadd-inthatintegratesaccesstoMSNcontentand
servicesintotheMicrosoftInternetExploreruserinterface.
MSNToolbarforInternetExplorer(PN)~AMicrosoftadd-inthatintegratesaccessto
MSNcontentandservicesintotheMicrosoftInternetExploreruserinterface.
MSNTravel(PN)~Anapplicationfortravelplanning,includingdestinationphotosand
panoramas,travelguides,bookingtools,currencyconversions,andweatherforecasts.
MSNWeather(PN)~Anapplicationthatprovidescurrentweatherforecastswith
customizedlocationsandinteractiveweathermaps.
MSNWorldwide(PN)~AnMSNpagethatallowstheusertochoosearequired
worldwidelocation.
MSODS(PN)~Theplacewherepasswordsandpasswordpolicyismanaged.
MSR(n)~Adeviceusedtointerpretdatathatisencodedonamagneticstripecard.
MSRpartition(n)~ArequiredpartitiononeveryGUIDpartitiontable(GPT)disk.
SystemcomponentscanallocateportionsoftheMSRpartitionintonewpartitionsfortheir
ownuse.Forexample,whenyouconvertabasicGPTdisktodynamic,thesystem
allocatesaportionoftheMSRpartitiontobeusedastheLogicalDiskManager(LDM)
metadatapartition.TheMSRpartitionvariesinsizebasedonthesizeoftheGPTdisk.For
diskssmallerthan16GB,theMSRpartitionis32MB.Fordiskslargerthan16GB,the
MSRpartitionis128MB.TheMSRpartitionisnotvisibleinDiskManagement,andyou
cannotstoredataontheMSRpartitionordeleteit.
MSRCseverity(n)~Aratingthatdescribestheseverityofasecurityissueaddressedbya
softwareupdate,asdeterminedbytheMicrosoftSecurityResponseCenter(MSRC).
MSXML(n)~AMicrosoftcollectionofapplicationprogramminginterfaces,language
standards,programmingvocabularies,parsingengines,anddocumentationfordeveloping
XML-basedapplications.
MTA(n)~Anapplicationprocess,asdescribedintheX.400message-handlingsystem,
responsiblefordeliveringe-mailmessages.Afterreceivingamessage,anMTAstoresit
temporarilyandeitherdeliversitorforwardsittoanotherMTA.Duringthisprocess,the
MTAcanchangethemessageheaders.
MTA(n)~Anapartmentthatconsistsofoneormorethreads.
MTE(n)~AMAPImessagethatholdsthedeliveryinformationforamessage.
MTS(n)~TheX.400termforamessagingsystem,whichisaproductthatenables
electroniccommunicationoveranetwork.
mtype(n)~Acommand-lineargumentthatspecifiesthedefaultmounttype.Thisvalue
mustbeeitherhardorsoft.Thedefaultissoft.
MUIPack(n)~Asetoflanguage-specificresourcesformultiplesupportedlanguages.
MUItechnologyenablesuserstosettheuser-interfacelanguageaccordingtotheir
preferences,providedtherequiredlanguageresourcefilesarepresentonthecomputer.It
isdesignedtoenablelargecorporationstodeployasingleversionofWindowsworldwide,
whileenablingtheirlocaluserstoselecttheuser-interfacelanguage.
MultiLineMode(n)~Atextboxmodethatallowsdataentryonmultiplelines.
multisession-capabledisc(n)~Arecordablemediatowhichyoucanwriteseveraltimes
withoutreformatting.
multi-activationkey(n)~AproductkeythatisprovidedtoMicrosoftcustomerswho
chooseaMicrosoftVolumeLicensingprogramfortheirorganizationsandthatallows
multipleinstallationsofaparticularproduct.Thekeyisassignedtoacompanyor
institutionintendedfortheirsoleuseandonlyfordistributiontoemployeesorthird
partieswhoareauthorizedtoinstallanddistributelicensespursuanttothetermsoftheir
licenseagreement.
multibasedifferential(n)~Adifferentialbackupthatincludesfilesthatwerelastbacked
upindistinctbasebackups.
multiboot(n)~Acomputerconfigurationinwhichtwoormoredifferentoperating
systemsareinstalledonthesamecomputerharddisk,andyoucanchoosewhichoperating
systemtousewhenthecomputerstarts.
multibuydiscount(n)~Theamountsubtractedfromtheunitofaproductorservice
basedonthevolumepurchased.
multibytecharacterset(n)~Amixed-widthcharacterset,inwhichsomecharacters
consistofmorethan1byte.AnMBCSisusedinlanguagessuchasJapanese,Chinese,
andKorean,wherethe256possiblevaluesofasingle-bytecharactersetarenotsufficient
torepresentallpossiblecharacters.
multicast(n)~Acontentdeliverymethodinwhichasinglestreamistransmittedfroma
mediaservertomultipleclients.
Multicast~singlepacketscopiedbythenetworkandsenttoaspecificsubsetofnetwork
addresses.TheseaddressesarespecifiedintheDestinationAddressField.
MulticastAddressDynamicClientAllocationProtocol(n)~AnextensiontotheDHCP
protocolstandardusedtosupportdynamicassignmentandconfigurationofIPmulticast
addressesonTCP/IP-basednetworks.
MulticastClientAutoRemoval(PN)~Abilitytoautomaticallyremoveaclientfroma
multicastgroup(usuallyaclientwithlowerbandwidth-tobeservedviaunicast
deployment),haveitjoinadifferentmulticastgrouportoterminatedeployment.
multicastdelivery(n)~Amethodfordeliveringnotificationsthatformatsanotification
onceandsendstheresultingmessagetomultiplesubscribers.
multicastdiscovery(n)~Thediscoveryofresourcesordevicesonthelocalsubnet.
multicastgroup(n)~AgroupofmemberTCP/IPhostsconfiguredtolistenforand
receivedatagramssenttoaspecifieddestinationIPaddress.
multicastheartbeat(n)~Amessagesentbynodesinaclustertocontinuouslymaintain
communicationbetweenclusternodes.Themulticastheartbeatdetectsandcommunicates
afailurewithinthecluster.Usingamulticastheartbeatletsseveralunicastmessagesbe
replacedbyonemulticastmessage.
multicastscope(n)~ArangeofmulticastgroupIPaddressesintheClassDaddressrange
thatareavailabletobeleasedorassignedtomulticastDHCPclientsbyDHCP.
multicastserver(n)~Aservicethatmanageszeroormoremulticastgroupsand
distributesmulticastdatasenttoitbyclientsofthosemulticastgroupsthroughpoint-to-
multipointconnections.
multicast-enablednetwork(n)~AnetworkthathasroutersthatcaninterpretClassDIP
addresses.
multichannelaudio(n)~Anaudioreproductionsystemthatprocessesseveral,typically
morethantwo,channelsofsound.Forexample,5.1multichannelaudioreferstoa
surroundsoundsysteminwhichtherearefiveprimarychannelsandasubwooferchannel.
Multi-ColorGraphicsArray(n)~AnoldervideoadapterincludedintheIBMPS/2
Models25and30.TheMCGAwascapableofemulatingtheCGA(Color/Graphics
Adapter)andprovidedtwoadditionalgraphicsmodes:thefirstmodehad640horizontal
pixelsby480verticalpixelswith2colorschosenfromapaletteof262,144colors;the
secondhad320horizontalpixelsby200verticalpixelswith256colorschosenfroma
paletteof262,144colors.
Multi-ColumnLayout(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatallowsdesignersanddevelopersto
layoutasinglecolumnofHTMLcontentinmultipleparallelcolumnsofequalwidthand
height.Thislayoutstyleallowsdesignerstomakebetteruseofavailabledisplayspace,
andiscommontonewspapersandmagazinesinboththeprintanddigitalworld.
multi-coreprocessor(n)~Aprocessorwithtwoormorecores(normallyaCPU)thatare
combinedtoleveragetheprocessor’sabilitytoexecutemultipletasks.Itoffersahigher
levelofcomputingpowerandfunctionalitythansingle-coreprocessors.
multicurrency(adj)~Pertainingtoanythinginvolvingmultiplecurrencies.
multicurrencyfeature(n)~Afeaturethatenablescustomerstostorefinancial
informationandperformfinancialtransactionsinmorethanoneformofcurrencyina
singleimplementation.
multicurrencyorder(n)~Anonlinepurchaseofitemsthatarepricedindifferent
currencies.
multicurrencytransaction(n)~Anexchangeofmoneyforgoodsorservicesbetweena
buyerandabusinessorbetweenasupplierandabusiness,inwhichthepreferredcurrency
ofthebuyerorsupplierisdifferentthanthebasecurrencyspecifiedforthesite.
multi-curve(n)~Ashaperepresentingaunionofallthepositionsinasetofcurves.
multidimensionalanalysis(n)~AmethodologyoftenusedtodesignOLAPsystemsthat
involvesdescribingnumericfacts(suchasrevenue)bybusinessdescriptors(suchas
customers,time,products,andsoon).
multidimensionalarray(n)~Anarraythathasmorethanonedimension.
multidimensionalexpression(n)~Alanguageforqueryingandmanipulatingdatain
multidimensionalobjects(OLAPcubes).
multidimensionalmeasurement(n)~Ameasurementwithmanycharacterizationsofthe
magnitudeorextentofthepropertyofanobject.
multidimensionalOLAP(n)~Astoragemodethatusesaproprietarymultidimensional
structuretostoreapartition’sfactsandaggregationsoradimension.
multidimensionalstructure(n)~Adatabaseparadigmthattreatsdataascubesthat
containdimensionsandmeasuresincells.
MultidirectionalCycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtorepresentacontinuing
sequenceofstages,tasks,oreventsthatcanoccurinanydirection.
Multi-EntityQuickFind(n)~Asearchfieldthatallowstheusertosearchacross
multipleentitiessuchascontacts,accounts,andleads.
Multi-FactorAuthentication(PN)~Theservicethatprovidesadditionallayersof
authenticationforon-premisesandcloudapplications.Multi-FactorAuthentication
verifiesusersign-insandtransactionsusingaphonecall,textmessage,andmobileapp.
multi-factorauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationmethodthatrequirestwoormore
authenticationmethods,whichmayincludesomethingtheuserhas,suchacertificate;
somethingtheuserknows,suchasusernames,passwords,orpassphrases;physical
attributes,suchasathumbprint;andpersonalattributes,suchasapersonalsignature.
Multi-FactorAuthenticationapp(PN)~Anapplicationthatcanbeinstalledonauser’s
mobiledevicetoreceivenotificationsandtoverifythattheirsigninattemptwasvalid.
Multi-FactorAuthenticationManagementPortal(PN)~Theportalusedby
administratorstomanagecompany-wideMulti-FactorAuthenticationsettingsandview
centralizedusagereports.
Multi-FactorAuthenticationServer(PN)~Asoftwareapplicationthatanadministrator
canusetoconfigureMulti-FactorAuthenticationfunctionality.
Multi-FactorAuthenticationService(PN)~Aservicethatplacesanautomatedphone
call,sendsatextmessage,orpushesanotificationtotheMulti-FactorAuthenticationapp
ontheuser’smobiledeviceandprocessestheresult.
Multi-FactorAuthenticationUserPortal(PN)~Theportalthatallowsuserstocomplete
theMulti-FactorAuthenticationenrollmentprocessandmanagetheirsettings,suchas
phonenumberandPIN,throughasimplewebinterface.
multifunctiondevice(n)~Apieceofhardwarethatsupportsmultiplediscrete
capabilities,suchasaudio,mixer,andmusic,onasinglecard.Thisdeviceissometimes
treatedasabusthatcanbeenumeratedtolocatethedevicesonthatbus.
multihomedcomputer(n)~Acomputerthathasmultiplenetworkadaptersorthathas
beenconfiguredwithmultipleIPaddressesforasinglenetworkadapter.
multihomedserver(n)~Acomputerthathasmultiplenetworkadaptersorthathasbeen
configuredwithmultipleIPaddressesforasinglenetworkadapter.
multihoming~ForTCP/IP,theabilitytospecifymultipleinterfacesperlinedescription
multihosting(n)~TheabilityofaWebservertosupportmorethanoneInternetaddress
andmorethanonehomepage.
Multilanguage(MUI)ResourceManagement(PN)~Acentralizedmechanismfor
managinglanguageresources,helpingdeveloperscreatecontextuallytailoredand
consistentexperiencesbyreducingcodecomplexityandfragility.
multilevelundo(n)~Acommandthatreversesthelastusedcommands.
Multiline(PN)~AWindowsPhoneinterfacesupportingdualSIMconfigureddevices.
multilinediscount(n)~Adiscountgrantedifthecombinationofoneormorelinesfulfill
somepredefinedconditions.
multilinepurchase(n)~Anorderthatconsistsofmultipleitems.
multi-linestring(n)~Ashaperepresentingaunionofallthepositionsinasetofline
strings.
MultilingualAppToolkit(PN)~AVisualStudioextensionthatenablestranslation
supportthroughtoolsandguides.
MultilingualUserInterface(PN)~Atechnologythatallowsfortheinstallationanduse
ofmultipleuser-interfacelanguages.
MultilingualUserInterfacePack(n)~Asetoflanguage-specificresourcesformultiple
supportedlanguages.MUItechnologyenablesuserstosettheuser-interfacelanguage
accordingtotheirpreferences,providedtherequiredlanguageresourcefilesarepresenton
thecomputer.Itisdesignedtoenablelargecorporationstodeployasingleversionof
Windowsworldwide,whileenablingtheirlocaluserstoselecttheuser-interfacelanguage.
multilinkdialing(n)~Thecombinationoftwoormorephysicalcommunicationslinks’
bandwidthintoasinglelogicallinktoincreaseyourremoteaccessbandwidthand
throughputbyusingremoteaccessMultilink.BasedontheInternetEngineeringTask
Force(IETF)standardRFC1990,Multilinkcombinesanalogmodempaths,Integrated
ServicesDigitalNetwork(ISDN)B-channels,andmixedanaloganddigital
communicationslinksonbothyourclientandservercomputers.Thisincreasesyour
Internetandintranetaccessspeedanddecreasestheamountoftimeyouareconnectedtoa
remotecomputer.
Multi-MailboxSearch(PN)~AfeatureinExchange2010andOutlookLivethatenables
userstosearchthemailboxesintheirorganizationfore-mailandothermessagetypesthat
containspecifickeywords.Theresultsofasearcharethencopiedtoamailboxthatyou
havespecifiedsothatyoucanreview,organize,andexportthesearchresults.
multimedia(adj)~Pertainingtothedeliveryofinformationthatcombinesdifferent
contentformats,suchasvideo,audio,stillimages,graphics,animation,andtext.
multimediachoreographypresentation(n)~APowerPointtemplatethatincorporates
transitions,animationsandmultimediachoreographyinawide-screenformat.
multimediaclip(n)~Asinglemediafile,includingart,sound,animation,ormovies.
MultimediaContentDescriptionInterface(n)~Astandardofvideocompressionand
fileformatdevelopedbytheMovingPicturesExpertsGroupfordescriptionandsearchof
multimediacontentdata.
Multimediadesign(PN)~Anappcategorytohelpwithcreatingdesigns,music,
photography,orvideos.
multi-object(adj)~Inacollaborationdiagram,asetofobjectrolesonthe”many”endof
anassociationrole.Usingamulti-objectshowsthatanoperationaddressesanentireset
ratherthanasingleobjectwithintheset.
multi-partmessagetype(n)~Adefinitionofthestructureofamessage,includingthe
datatypesofitselements.Amulti-partmessagetypecancontainasinglepartormany
parts.
multipartite(n)~Avirusthatcombinescharacteristicsandtechniquesofbothbootsector
andfileviruses.Multipartitevirusesfirstinfecteithersystemsectorsorfilesandthen
spreadquicklytoinfecttheentiresystem.Becauseoftheirmultiplecapabilities,
multipartitevirusesaredifficulttoremovefromaninfectedsystem.
multipartitevirus(n)~Avirusthatcombinescharacteristicsandtechniquesofbothboot
sectorandfileviruses.Multipartitevirusesfirstinfecteithersystemsectorsorfilesand
thenspreadquicklytoinfecttheentiresystem.Becauseoftheirmultiplecapabilities,
multipartitevirusesaredifficulttoremovefromaninfectedsystem.
multipasstextureblending(n)~Thetechniqueofcombiningthecolorsofatexturewith
thecolorsofthesurfacetowhichthetextureisapplied.
MultipathI/O(n)~AMicrosoftmultipathingsolutionthatenablesmorethanone
read/writepathtoalogicalunitnumber(LUN).WithMPIO,multipathingisachievedby
assigningmultipleFibreChannelhostbusadapterportsormultipleiSCSIinitiator
adaptersonaservertothesameLUN,andthenconfiguringthatservertouseMPIO.
multipathing(n)~Instoragetechnologies,asolutionthatincreasesavailabilityandpath
failoverbyprovidingmultiplepathsfromaserverorclustertoastoragesubsystem.Inthe
eventthatthepathbeingusedfails,multipathinglogicusesanalternatepathforI/Oso
thatapplicationscanstillaccesstheirdata.
multipleactivationkey(n)~Avolumelicensekeythatisusedforone-timeactivation
withactivationservicesthatarehostedbyMicrosoft.
multipleactiveresultset(n)~ASQLServer2005featurethatprovidestheabilityto
havemorethanonependingrequestperconnection,inparticulartohavemorethanone
defaultresultsetopenperconnection.SQLServer2000andearlierrestrictedthe
programmingmodelsuchthatatanypointintimetherewouldbeatmostonepending
requestonagivensession,blockingthedriverfromsendingrequeststotheserveruntil
theentireresultsetisconsumed.
multiplebitrate(oth)~Acharacteristicofadatastreaminwhichthesamecontentis
encodedatseveraldifferentbitratesinodertooptimizecontentdelivery.
multiplebitrateencoding(n)~AnencodingmethodwhereasingleWMVfilecontains
severalstreamsofvaryingbitrates.
multipleboot(n)~Acomputerconfigurationinwhichtwoormoredifferentoperating
systemsareinstalledonthesamecomputerharddisk,andyoucanchoosewhichoperating
systemtousewhenthecomputerstarts.
multiplechoicequestion(n)~Atypeofquestion(forexample,inapoll,surveyortest)
wheretheusermustselectaresponsefromasetofpre-definedoptions.
multiplecolumnsortmode(n)~Thestateofaheadercontrolinwhichtwoormore
headercolumnscanparticipateinasort.
MultipleConnectedSession(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsmultipleTCP/IPconnections
fromtheinitiatortothetargetforthesameiSCSIsession.
multiplecriticalpaths(n)~Aseriesoftasksthatmustbecompletedonschedulefora
projecttofinishonschedule.Identifyandtrackmultiplecriticalpathstobemoreeffective
inmanagingconditionsthatcouldaffectyourproject’sfinishdate.
multipleentitysetspertype(n)~Theabilityforanentitytypetobedefinedinmorethan
oneentityset.
multipleforestgroupvalidation(n)~Amodeofthegroupvalidationactivitythatplaces
crossforestmembersofagroupintheFSPsetassociatedwiththeforestinwhichthe
groupresides.
multipleforesttopology(n)~AtopologythatincludesmorethanoneActiveDirectory
forest,eachofwhichforestcanhaveoneormoretrees.
multipleidentities(n)~MultipleWebsitesthatarehostedononecomputer.
MultipleImageUploader(PN)~Animageuploaderthatreducesthestepsnecessaryto
uploadimagesontheWeb.
multipleinheritance(n)~Afeatureofsomeobject-orientedprogramminglanguagesthat
allowsanewclasstobederivedfromseveralexistingclasses.Multipleinheritanceboth
extendsandcombinesexistingtypes.
multiplemasters(n)~Afeaturethatallowsmultipledesigntemplatestobeappliedtoa
singlepresentation.
multiplepointsofpresence(n)~TheabilityofasingleusertosignintoaLyncServeror
OfficeCommunicationsServerserverwithmultipleclients.
multipleprojects(n)~Severalprojectplansthatmayormaynotbelinkedor
consolidated.Ifyouareworkingonseveralprojectsatonetime,youcancompare
informationaboutcriticalpaths,resourcesharing,orprioritiesamongalloftheprojects.
multipleselection(n)~Theprocessofselectingnonadjacentandadjacentfilesand
objects.
MultipleUNCProvider(n)~Akernel-modecomponentresponsibleforchannelingall
remotefilesystemaccessesusingaUniversalNamingConvention(UNC)nametoa
networkredirector(theUNCprovider)thatiscapableofhandlingtheremotefilesystem
requests.
multiple-choiceproperty(n)~Apropertythatcontainsasetofpredefinedvalues.For
exampleyoucouldcreateamultiple-choicepropertynamedShirt_Sizeanddefinethe
followingpossiblevalues:SMandL.
multiple-documentinterface(n)~Aspecificationaccordingtowhichdocumentsare
openedintowindows(sometimescalledchildwindows)thatareconstrainedtoasingle
primary(parent)window.
multiple-documentinterface(n)~Agraphicaluserinterfacethatallowstheuserto
displaymultipledocumentsatthesametime,witheachdocumentdisplayedinitsown
window.Documents(orchildwindows)arecontainedinaparentwindow,whichprovides
aworkspaceforallthechildwindowsintheapplication.
multiple-levelcategorylabels(n)~Categorylabelsinachartthat,basedonworksheet
data,areautomaticallydisplayedonmorethanonelineinahierarchy.Forexample,the
headingProducemightappearabovearowwithheadingsTofu,Apples,andPears.
multiple-selectionlistbox(n)~Alistboxthatisoptimizedformakingmultiple,
independentselections.
multiplex(n)~Amethodforcombiningtwoormoresignalsintoone.
multiplexed(adj)~Of,orpertainingto,amethodforcombiningtwoormoresignalsinto
one.
multiplexer(n)~Adevicethatfunnelsseveraldifferentstreamsofdataoveracommon
communicationsline.
multiplexing(n)~Atechniqueusedincommunicationsandinput/outputoperationsto
transmitanumberofseparatesignalssimultaneouslyoverasinglechannelorline.To
maintaintheintegrityofeachsignalonthechannel,multiplexingcanseparatethesignals
bytime,space,orfrequency.Thedeviceusedtocombinethesignalsisamultiplexer.
multiplicationsign(n)~The×character.
MULTIPLICATIONSIGN(n)~The×character.
multiplicity(n)~Thenumberofentitiesthatcanexistoneachsideofarelationship.
multiplier(n)~Inarithmetic,thenumberthatindicateshowmanytimesanothernumber
(themultiplicand)ismultiplied.
multi-point(n)~Ashaperepresentingaunionofasetofpositionsinacoordinatesystem.
MultiPointServer2012Premium(PN)~AWindowsServer2012product.
MultiPointServer2012Standard(PN)~AWindowsServer2012product.
multi-polygon(n)~Ashaperepresentingaunionofallthepositionsinasetofpolygons.
Multipresstimeout(PN)~Amenuitemthatletstheusersetthelengthoftimebetween
keypresseswhenenteringtextinMultipressmode.
multiprocessing(n)~Amodeofoperationinwhichtwoormoreconnectedandroughly
equalprocessingunitseachcarryoutoneormoreprocesses(programsorsetsof
instructions)intandem.Inmultiprocessing,eachprocessingunitworksonadifferentset
ofinstructionsorondifferentpartsofthesameprocess.Theobjectiveisincreasedspeed
orcomputingpower,thesameasinparallelprocessingandintheuseofspecialunits
calledcoprocessors.
multiprocessorcomputer(n)~Acomputerthatcontainstwoormoreconnectedand
roughlyequalprocessorsthatcaneachcarryoutoneormoreprocesses(programsorsets
ofinstructions)intandem.
MultipurposeInternetMailExtensions(n)~Acommonmethodfortransmittingnon-
textdatathroughInternete-mail.MIMEencodesnon-textdataasASCIItextandthen
decodesitbacktoitsoriginalformatatthereceivingend.AMIMEheaderisaddedtothe
filewhichincludesthetypeofdatacontainedandtheencodingmethodused.
MultipurposeInternetMailExtensionsmapping(n)~Amethodofconfiguring
browserstoviewfilesthatareinmultipleformats.AnextensionoftheInternetmail
protocolthatenablesthesendingof8-bit-basede-mailmessages,whichareusedto
supportextendedcharactersets,voicemail,facsimileimages,andsoon.
MultipurposeInternetMailExtensionstype(n)~AmethodusedbyWebbrowsersto
associatefilesofacertaintypewithapplicationsthatdisplayfilesofthattype.
multisampletexture(n)~InOpenGL,anobjectthatcontainsoneormoreimagesthatall
havethesameimageformatandwhereeachpixelattheedgeofapolygonissampled
multipletimestoimproveimagequality.
multiserveradministration(n)~Theprocessofautomatingadministrationacross
multipleinstancesofSQLServer.
multiserverjob(n)~Ajobthatrunsinamultiserverenvironment,firstdefinedonthe
masterserverandthendownloadedtothetargetservers.
multisitefunctionality(n)~Asetoffeaturesthatenableacustomertoconfiguremultiple
sitestoreflectitsbusinessmodelandsupportitsoperationsandprocessflows.
multi-stopslider(n)~Aslidercontrolwherethemaximumandminimumvaluesofthe
rangecanbemodified.
multi-subnetcluster(n)~Afailoverclusterinwhicheachnodeislocatedinadifferent
subnet.
multi-surface(n)~Ashaperepresentingaunionofallthepositionsinasetofsurfaces.
Multi-tapguide(PN)~Afeaturethatshowsmulti-tapusershowmanytimestheyneedto
tapakeytoinputaparticularcharacter.
multitargeting(n)~Theabilitytotargetcodetospecificversions(forexample,2.0,3.5,
4,or4.5)ofthe.NETFramework.
multitasking(n)~Aformofprocessingsupportedbymostcurrentoperatingsystemsin
whichacomputerworksonmultipletasks-roughly,separatepieces’ofwork-seeminglyat
thesametimebyparcelingouttheprocessor’stimeamongthedifferenttasks.
Multitaskingcanbeeithercooperativeorpreemptive.Intheformer
multitenancy(n)~Anarchitecturalprinciplewhereasingleinstanceofsoftwareisused
torunaserviceformultipleclients(tenants).
multitenant(adj)~Pertainingtomultipleclientorganizations(tenants)thatareservedby
asinglesoftware-as-a-service(SaaS)vendor’sservers.
multithreadedapartment(n)~Anapartmentthatconsistsofoneormorethreads.
multithreadedserverapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatcreatesmultiplethreads
withinasingleprocesstoservicemultipleuserrequestsatthesametime.
multithreadedunsynchronizedaccess(n)~Theoperationinwhichtwoormorethreads
attempttocallsimultaneouslyintotheheap.
multithreading(n)~Runningseveralprocessesinrapidsequencewithinasingle
program,regardlessofwhichlogicalmethodofmultitaskingisbeingusedbythe
operatingsystem.Becausetheuser’ssenseoftimeismuchslowerthantheprocessing
speedofacomputer,multitaskingappearstobesimultaneous,eventhoughonlyonetask
atatimecanuseacomputerprocessingcycle.
multitouch(n)~Areal-time,physicalactionappliedtoanobject,inwhichmultiple
contactpointsareusedsimultaneously.
multi-touch(n)~Areal-time,physicalactionappliedtoanobject,inwhichmultiple
contactpointsareusedsimultaneously.
multi-touch(n)~Thecombinationofhardware(touchscreenortouchpad)andsoftware
elementsthatprovidesawaytocontrolprogramsbytouchingmultiplepointsonthe
screensimultaneously.
multi-touchemulation(n)~Theprocessofsimulatingmulti-fingertouchbyusingthe
mouse.
multi-touchgesture(n)~Anextensionoftheconventionaltouchinputfeaturetoallow
multiplefingerstouchingthecomputerordevicescreenatthesametime.
multi-touchinput(n)~Anextensionoftheconventionaltouchinputfeaturetoallow
multiplefingerstouchingthecomputerordevicescreenatthesametime.
multiuser(adj)~Pertainingtoanycomputersystemthatcanbeusedbymorethanone
person.Althoughamicrocomputersharedbyseveralpeoplecanbeconsideredamultiuser
system,thetermisgenerallyreservedformachinesthatcanbeaccessedsimultaneously
byseveralpeoplethroughcommunicationsfacilitiesorvianetworkterminals.
multiusershareddatabase(n)~Adatabasethatpermitsmorethanoneusertoaccessand
modifythesamesetofdataatthesametime.
multivaluedfield(n)~Alookupfieldthatcanstoremorethanonevalue.
MUP(n)~Akernel-modecomponentresponsibleforchannelingallremotefilesystem
accessesusingaUniversalNamingConvention(UNC)nametoanetworkredirector(the
UNCprovider)thatiscapableofhandlingtheremotefilesystemrequests.
Music(PN)~ASurfaceapplicationfromMicrosoftwhereuserscanbrowsethrough
albums,selectsongs,andplaythemfromtheplaylist.
Music(PN)~Anappthatfacilitatestheplayingofmusic.
music(PN)~ABingfeaturethatallowstheusertofindoutinformationaboutarecording
songthatisplayingontheradio.
Music(PN)~Thetitleofthehubformusicandvideo.
music(PN)~Agamecategorythatemphasizesrhythm,musicality,orauditory
experiences.
Music(PN)~AnMSNsitethatprovidesartist,albuminformationandlatestmusicnews.
Music(PN)~Anappcategorythatcontainsappsformusicenthusiasts.
Music&Video(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitateslisteningtoandviewingmusicand
videocontent.
music+video(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitateslisteningtoandviewingmusicand
videocontent.
MusicConfigurationtool(n)~ThetoolthatyouusetoconfiguretheMusicapplication.
musiconhold(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheplayingofprerecordedmusic/audiofor
callerswhiletheyareonhold.
MusicPass(PN)~TheMusicStoresubscription-basedaccount.
Musicproduction(PN)~TheMultimediadesignsubcategorycontainingappstohelp
withcreatingmusic.
musicsearch(n)~ABingfeaturethatallowstheusertofindoutinformationabouta
recordingsongthatisplayingontheradio.
musicsearches(PN)~AfeatureinCortana’sNotebookthatstoresthehistoryofsongs
thattheuserhassearchedforusingBingMusicSearch.
MusicStore(PN)~TheareaofWindowsStoreandMicrosoftStorewheremusicissold
MusicVirtualFolder(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertogroupmusicfilesbyany
criteriaanddisplaytheminoneplace.Thisissimilartomakingaplaylist.
Music+videos(PN)~AdefaultfolderontheStartscreenthatreplacestheMusicapp.The
foldercontainsXboxMusic,XboxVideo,Podcasts,andFMradio.
Musical(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#77.
MusicalInstrumentDigitalInterface(n)~AspecificationoftheMIDIManufacturers
Association(MMA).Thespecificationdefinesaprotocolfordescribingmusicdata,such
asnoteonandnoteoffmessages;afileformatforstoringmusicdata,calledStandard
MIDI;andastandardhardwareinterface.
mute(v)~Toeliminateortemporarilysuppressthesoundproducedbyadevice,suchasa
computerordigitalmediadevice.Adeviceinsuchastatehasavolumelevelofzero.
Mute(adj)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertotemporarilysuppressthedevice’s
microphoneduringacallsothatnosoundistransmittedtoothercallparticipants.
mute(v)~Todisableon-screenandsoundnotification.
MuteAllExceptMe(PN)~AbuttononConferenceControlsthatmutesthemicrophones
ofallconferenceparticipantsexcepttheuser’smicrophone.
MuteMe(PN)~AbuttononConferenceControlsthatmutestheuser’smicrophoneina
conference.
MuteMicrophone(PN)~AbuttononAudioControlsthatmutestheuser’smicrophone.
MuteSpeakers(PN)~AbuttononAudioControlsthatmutestheuser’sspeakers.
mutex(n)~Aprogrammingtechniquethatensuresthatonlyoneprogramorroutineata
timecanaccesssomeresource,suchasamemorylocation,anI/Oport,orafile,often
throughtheuseofsemaphores,whichareflagsusedinprogramstocoordinatethe
activitiesofmorethanoneprogramorroutine.
mutualexclusion(n)~Aprogrammingtechniquethatensuresthatonlyoneprogramor
routineatatimecanaccesssomeresource,suchasamemorylocation,anI/Oport,ora
file,oftenthroughtheuseofsemaphores,whichareflagsusedinprogramstocoordinate
theactivitiesofmorethanoneprogramorroutine.
MXrecord(n)~AtypeofresourcerecordintheDomainNameSystem(DNS)specifying
howInternete-mailshouldberoutedusingtheSimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP).
EachMXrecordcontainsapreferenceandahostname,sothatthecollectionofMX
recordsforagivendomainnamepointtotheserversthatshouldreceivee-mailforthat
domain,andtheirpriorityrelativetoeachother.
MXtoken(n)~ThesetofnumbersfoundintheMXserverfieldintheMXRecord
ConfigurationsectionontheDomainSettingspageoftheWindowsLiveAdminCenter.
TheMXtokenvalueisuniqueforeachdomain.ItisrequiredtocreateanMXrecordora
CNAMErecordatDNShostingservices.
MxM(n)~Anindustrystandardconnectorusedinmobileplatformsforattaching
peripheralstothePCIbus.
MXN(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofMexico.
MyAccount(PN)~AwebexperienceonOffice.comthatenablesuserstomanagetheir
Officelicensesandsubscriptions.
Myaccount(PN)~ThesectionoftheStorewheretheusercansetandupdatetheStore
accountsettings.
MyActive(adj)~Aviewthatlistsalltheactiverecordsofthecurrentrecordtypethat
belongtothemobileuser,forexamplealltheaccountswithastatusofActiveforwhich
themobileuserislistedastheowner.
Myapps(PN)~ThesectionoftheStoreshowingthegroupofappsthattheuserowns.
Myapps(PN)~Thewebpagethatdisplaysalltheappsthataparticularuserhasalicense
toandthatisscopedtotheindividualuser.
MyClosed(adj)~AviewthatlistsalltheactivitieswithastatusofClosedthatbelongto
themobileuser.
MyCode(n)~Adebuggingfeaturethathidesnon-usercodesothatitdoesnotappearin
thedebuggerwindows.
MyComputer(n)~AstandardWindowsiconthatrepresentsauser’sprivate,usually
local,storage.
MyDay(n)~AnapplicationpartneredwithEntouragethatallowsuserstodisplaya
customizedsummaryoftheirdailyactivities.
MyDevice(n)~Amenuchoiceorremotebuttonthatoffersaccesstotheuser’sportable
mediadevice.
MyDocuments(n)~Afolderthatprovidesyouwithaconvenientplacetostore
documents,graphics,orotherfilesyouwanttoaccessquickly.Whenyousaveafileina
programsuchasWordPadorPaint,thefileisautomaticallysavedinMyDocuments,
unlessyouchooseadifferentfolder.
MyFamily(PN)~Asectionofwindowsphone.comwhereuserscanregisterfamily
members’WindowsPhone8phonesinordertoenableapppurchasesforkids,setappand
gamedownloadpermissionsforkids,shareapppurchasehistorywithfamilymembers,
andlocatefamilymembersonamap.
Myfriendsandtheirfriends(PN)~TheUIlabelforapermissionssettingthatindicates
anitemisbeingsharedwith(madeavailableto)allofsomeone’sfriends,andallofthose
friends’friends.
MyHomepage(n)~AWebpage,whichisdisplayedwhenuserslogin,thatallowsthem
tomanagetheiraccount.
MyInactive(adj)~Aviewthatlistsalltheinactiveaccountsorcontactsthatbelongtothe
mobileuser.
MyMusic(n)~Afolderthatstorestheuser’smusiclibrary.
MyNotes(PN)~Ahomepartthatallowstheusertoviewallnotesthatareaddressedto
them.WewillnotbeabletoimplementNotificationsasdescribedinthePORfor
DynamicsNAV5.0.ThereforewewillimplementMyNotesinstead.Whentheuserclicks
thenotelinkintheirMyNoteshomepart,thetaskpagethatcontainsthenotewillappear.
MyNotesisalist-basedsystemwhereuserscanviewallnotethatareaddressedtothem.
Userswillbeabletoviewthefollowingfields:To,From,Description.Ontaskpages,
userscanwriteanoteandthenselectuserstheywanttowhomtheysendthenote.
MyNotes(PN)~AOneNotenotebookthatisautomaticallycreatedforeverystudentand
everyeducator.Itcontainstabsforeachoftheirclasses.
Myobject(n)~InVisualBasic,thefeaturethatmakesprogrammingfasterandeasierby
givingyouintuitiveaccesstocommonlyneededobjectsinthe.NetFrameworkBaseClass
Library.
MyOffice(PN)~AtabavailabletouserswhoaresignedinonOffice.comwheretheycan
launchOfficeonDemandandaccesstheirmostrecentlyusedonlinedocumentsand
folders.
MyOpen(adj)~AviewthatlistsalltheactivitieswithastatusofOpenthatbelongtothe
mobileuser.
MyPhone(PN)~AhubonWindowsPhone.comwhereuserscanmanagetheirown
WindowsPhoneexperience,includingfindingalostphone,reinstallingappsorviewing
purchasehistory,trackingtheirXboxachievements,andviewingphotos,videos,and
OfficedocssavedtoOneDrive.
MyPlacesbar(PN)~Anareaattheleftsideinsomedialogboxes,suchasSaveAs,
Open,andInsertPicturethatcontainsshortcutstovariousfolders.
MyPlaylists(n)~Amenuchoiceorremotebuttonthatoffersaccesstotheuser’s
playlists.
Myprofile(n)~Thecontrolthatletsuserschangetheirphoto,presence,andotherpublic
information.
MyQueries(PN)~AfolderundertheworkitemsnodeofeveryTeamFoundationproject
thatcontainsqueriesdefinedby,andseenonlybythecurrentuser.
MyReports(n)~Apersonalizedworkspace.
MySite(PN)~ApersonalSharePointsiteintendedforindividualusersinanorganization.
Itprovidesacentrallocationwhereausercanstore,manage,andsharecontentand
personalprofileinformation,andincorporateselementsofsocialnetworking.
MyStatus(PN)~Amenuitemthatopensanothermenufromwhichtheusercanchange
statussettings.
mystuff(n)~Abroadset-ofall-theuser’slocalandcloud-basedcontent,including
documents,apps,settings,photos,videos,music,andemail.-CortanaorBingcansearch
thiscontentandreturnitinsearchresults.
MySubscriptions(n)~Apagethatlistsallsubscriptionsthatauserowns.
MySupport(n)~AresourceareawhereyoucanlearnaboutusingWindowsXPStarter
Editionandfindanswerstoyourquestions.InMySupport,youwillfindHelptopics,
tutorials,linkstoonlinesupportsites,andotherimportantinformation.
MyTasks(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesasearch-basedaggregationoftasksassignedtoa
MySiteuseracrossSharePoint,ProjectServerandExchangetohelptheuserorganizeand
completethesetasks.
MyVideos(n)~Amenuchoiceorremotebuttonthatoffersaccesstotheuser’svideo
library.
Myvideos(PN)~Thefilterinthecontextofaparticularchannelthatshowsonlythe
videosuploadedorownedbytheuserwhoiscurrentlyloggedin.
MyWatchlist(oth)~AfeatureoftheBingFinanceappthatletsuserschoosestocksto
watchandpersonalizetheappwiththesechoices.
MyWindowsPhone(PN)~Afreeonlineservicethat’saccessiblethrough
www.windowsphone.com.Themainfeatureofthisserviceisthatuserscanfindalost
phone.
mySAPERP(PN)~Theback-endSAPline-of-businesssystemthatMicrosoftOffice
applicationscommunicatewithusingDuettechnology.
MySQL~popularopen-sourcedatabasesoftware.SeeSQL;-www.mysql.com/
N~
N+1~Aconfigurationofclusteredserversorstoragesubsystemsthatprovides
redundancyforimprovedreliabilitybyusingmultipleprimarysystemsandonebackup
system.Thisprovidesforimprovedscalabilityandreducedcostcomparedtotwo-times
(1+1)configurations.
NtoMMatches(oth)~AmenuitemthatallowstheusertosearchforapatternAtobe
representedinpatternBbetweenNandMtimes.Patternscouldbestrings,characters,etc.
N.T.dollar(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofTaiwan.
n/a(oth)~Pertainingtosomethingforwhichananswerisnotavailableorappropriate.
N/A(oth)~Pertainingtosomethingforwhichananswerisnotavailableorappropriate.
NACHA(PN)~AnorganizationthatoperatestheAutomatedClearingHouse(ACH)
Network.
nagling(n)~AnoptimizationprocessforHTTPoverTCPthatincreasesefficiencyby
tryingtominimizethenumberofpacketsthatarerequiredbeforedataissent.
NAK(n)~Acontrolcode,ASCIIcharacter21(hexadecimal15),transmittedtoasending
stationorcomputerbythereceivingunitasasignalthattransmittedinformationhas
arrivedincorrectly.
NameAutoCorrect(n)~Afeaturethatautomaticallycorrectscommonsideeffectsthat
occurwhenyourenameforms,reports,tables,queries,fields,orcontrolsonformsand
reports.However,NameAutoCorrectcannotrepairallreferencestorenamedobjects.
namedevolution(n)~TheprocessbywhichaDNSresolverattemptstoresolveaname
byappendingtheDNSsearchsuffixtothenameand,ifthatqueryfails,byiteratively
queryingforthenameinthenexthigherlevelofthedomainhierarchy.
nameregistrationrequest(n)~AmessagesenttoaNetBIOSnameserverwhena
TCP/IPhostbeginsanattempttoregisterthedomainname.
namerelease(n)~AmessagesenttoaNetBIOSservertoindicatethatadomainname
hasbeenreleasedandisavailableforusebyanotherserver.
nameresolution(n)~Theprocessofhavingsoftwaretranslatebetweennamesthatare
easyforuserstoworkwithandnumericalIPaddresses,whicharedifficultforusersbut
necessaryforTCP/IPcommunications.Nameresolutioncanbeprovidedbysoftware
componentssuchasDNSorWINS.
nameserver(n)~AserverthatmaintainsinformationaboutaportionoftheDNS
databaseandthatrespondstoandresolvesDNSqueries.
name/valuepair(n)~Thenameofaformfieldandthevalueofthefieldatthetimethe
formissubmitted.
namedargument(n)~Anargumentthathasanamethatispredefinedinafield.Instead
ofprovidingvaluesforargumentsintheorderexpectedbythesyntax,youcanusenamed
argumentstoassignvaluesinanyorder.
namedbinding(n)~Awayofbindingtoadirectorywhereusersmaybeabletoset
attributesandmayhaveaccesstomoreareasofthedirectory,iftheadministratorallows
it.
namedcache(n)~Aconfigurableunitofin-memorystoragethathaspoliciesassociated
withitandthatisavailableacrossallcachehostsinacachecluster.
namedentity(n)~Acodethat’susedinHTMLtodescribesymbols,internationalletters,
andotherspecialcharacters.CharacterentitiesaremaintainedbytheInternational
StandardsOrganization(ISO).
namedinstance(n)~AninstallationofSQLServerthatisgivenanametodifferentiateit
fromothernamedinstancesandfromthedefaultinstanceonthesamecomputer.
nameditemview(PN)~AWebPartthatrendersnamedobjectsornameditemsina
workbook,suchastables,charts,slicersoranamedrangeofcells.
namedobject(n)~Alist,PivotTable-®report,chart,orrangethatcanbereferencedby
name.Asheetisnotatypeofnamedobject.
namedpipe(n)~Aportionofmemorythatcanbeusedbyoneprocesstopass
informationtoanotherprocess,sothattheoutputofoneistheinputoftheother.The
secondprocesscanbelocal(onthesamecomputerasthefirst)orremote(onanetworked
computer).
namedset(n)~Agroupingofdimensionmembersoritemsfromadatasourcethatare
namedandtreatedasasingleunitandcanbereferencedorreusedmultipletimes.
namedskin(n)~AcontrolskinwithaSkinIDpropertyset.
namedstream(n)~BinarydatathatisassociatedwithanentryinanOpenDataProtocol
(OData)feed,butthatisnotamediaresourceasdefinedbytheAtomPublishingProtocol
(AtomPub).
namedupdate(n)~Acustomserviceoperationthatperformsanactionwhichisdifferent
thanasimplequery,update,insert,ordeleteoperation.
namedupdatemethod(n)~Acustomserviceoperationthatperformsanactionwhichis
differentthanasimplequery,update,insert,ordeleteoperation.
NamedUsers(PN)~AunitofmeasurefortheRemoteApp’servicetypeofthe‘App
Services’Servicewhereaccountsareassociatedtoeachindividualwhowillhaveaccessto
thesoftwareinsuchawayastoidentifythatindividualandbillthecustomereitherper
userorconsumption.’
Nameserver~Aninternetserverwhichtranslatesthealphabeticwebaddressesfavoured
byhumansintothenumericonesusedbycomputers.
namespace(n)~Acollectionofnames,identifiedbyaURIreference,thatareusedin
XMLdocumentsaselementtypesandattributenames.
namespace(n)~Anamingconventionthatdefinesasetofuniquenamesforresourcesin
anetwork.ForDNS,ahierarchicalnamingstructurethatidentifieseachnetworkresource
anditsplaceinthehierarchyofthenamespace.ForWINS,aflatnamingstructurethat
identifieseachnetworkresourceusingasingle,uniquename.ForDFSNamespaces,a
virtualtreeoffoldersthatbeginswith\ServerOrDomainName\RootName.
namespace(n)~InDistributedFileSystem(DFS),avirtualgroupingofsharedfolders
potentiallylocatedondifferentserversthatappearstousersasasinglesharedfolderwith
aseriesofsubfolders.Theunderlyingstructureofthenamespacecanconsistofmultiple
sharedfoldersthatarelocatedondifferentserversandinmultiplesites.
namespace(n)~Agroupingofoneormorenamesthatrepresentindividualobjectswithin
thegroupinasharedcomputingenvironment.
namespaceroot(n)~Thetop-levelfolderinaDistributedFileSystem(DFS)namespace.
namespaceserver(n)~Aserverthathostsanamespace.Youcanincreasetheavailability
ofadomain-basednamespacebyspecifyingadditionalnamespaceserverstohostthe
namespace.
name-valuepair(n)~Thenameofaformfieldandthevalueofthefieldatthetimethe
formissubmitted.
namingcontainer(n)~AnyASP.NETcontrolthatimplementstheINamingContainer
interface.Thisisamarkerinterfacethatenablesacontroltocreateanewnamingscope
underitselfsothatIDattributesassignedtoitschildcontrolsareuniquewithintheentire
ASP.NETpagethatcontainsthecontrol.
namingcontext(n)~Aspecificsubtreeofadirectoryinformationtreethatisidentifiedby
itsdistinguishedname(alsoknownasDN).InSunONEDirectoryServer4.0and5.1,
specifictypesofdirectoryinformationarestoredinnamingcontexts.
namingconvention(n)~Anystandardusedmoreorlessuniversallyinthenamingof
objects,etc.
NaN(n)~Avaluethatrepresentstheresultofaninvalidcalculation.
NAP(n)~Asetofoperatingsystemcomponentsthatcanhelpprotectaccesstoaprivate
networkbyenforcinghealthpolicies.Systemadministratorsestablishhealthpolicies
whichNAPenforcesbyinspectingandassessingthehealthofclientcomputers,restricting
networkaccesswhenclientcomputersaredeemednoncompliant,andremediating
noncompliantclientcomputersforfullnetworkaccess.NAPalsoprovidesongoinghealth
complianceenforcementwhileaclientcomputerisconnectedtoanetwork.
NAPEC(n)~AcomponentinaNAPclientarchitecturethatintegrateswithnetwork
accesstechnologies,suchasDHCP,VPN,802.1X,IPsec,andRDGateway.TheNAP
enforcementclientrequestsaccesstoanetwork,communicatesaclientcomputer’shealth
statustotheNAPserverthatisprovidingthenetworkaccess,andcommunicatesthe
restrictedstatusoftheclientcomputertoothercomponentsoftheNAPclientarchitecture.
NAPenforcementclient(n)~AcomponentinaNAPclientarchitecturethatintegrates
withnetworkaccesstechnologies,suchasDHCP,VPN,802.1X,IPsec,andRDGateway.
TheNAPenforcementclientrequestsaccesstoanetwork,communicatesaclient
computer’shealthstatustotheNAPserverthatisprovidingthenetworkaccess,and
communicatestherestrictedstatusoftheclientcomputertoothercomponentsoftheNAP
clientarchitecture.
NAPenforcementpoint(n)~AserverornetworkaccessdevicethatusesNAPorcanbe
usedwithNAPtorequiretheevaluationofaNAPclient’shealthstateandprovide
restrictednetworkaccessorcommunication.HRAservers,802.1Xswitchesandwireless
accesspoints,NAP-enabledVPN,DHCP,andRDGatewayserversareexamplesofNAP
enforcementpoints.
NAPenforcementserver(n)~AcomponentoftheNAParchitecturethatenforces
restrictednetworkaccessfornoncompliantNAPclients.DependingontheNAP
enforcementmethod,theNAPenforcementservercanbeacomponentofaNAP
enforcementpoint.
NAPES(n)~AcomponentoftheNAParchitecturethatenforcesrestrictednetwork
accessfornoncompliantNAPclients.DependingontheNAPenforcementmethod,the
NAPenforcementservercanbeacomponentofaNAPenforcementpoint.
NAP-capableclient(n)~AWindows-basedclientthatsupportsNetworkAccess
Protection.
Napster~Apioneering-peer-to-peer-internetfile-sharingsystem.Becausemuchofthe
datasharedwascopyrighted,andthusbeingdistributedillegally,theoperatorsofNapster
werehitwithanumberoflargelawsuitsbythemusicindustry,andlatercloseddown.The
namewasboughtandisnowusedbyalegalpay-to-downloadservice.
narcissus~Adefectininfraredsystemsthatappearsasadarkcircularareaonadisplayed
image,causedbyradiationreflectingintoadetector.Itcanbereducedbylow-reflective
coatingsorbyalteringthelenssurface.
narration(n)~Arecordingthatcanbeaddedtoapresentation.
Narrator(PN)~Afeaturethataudiblyreadsthetextonthescreenaloudanddescribes
someeventstousers.
narrowband~Alowinformationcapacity,equivalenttoonespeechchannel(4kHz
analogueor64kbit/sdigitalsignal).
narrowbandaudio(n)~Audiotransmissionthatusesconventionaltelephonybandwidths
forvoice.
narrowbandaudiocodec(n)~Anaudiocodecthatprovidesvoicebyusingasampling
rateof8kHz.
narrowbandcodec(n)~Anaudiocodecthatprovidesvoicebyusingasamplingrateof8
kHz.
nary(adj)~Pertainingtoanoperatorthatcanholdanarbitrarynumberofarguments,orto
afunctionthatcanholdanarbitrarynumberofoperators.
n-ary(adj)~Pertainingtoanoperatorthatcanholdanarbitrarynumberofarguments,or
toafunctionthatcanholdanarbitrarynumberofoperators.
n-aryassociation(n)~Inastaticstructurediagram,anassociationamongthreeormore
classes(asingleclassmayappearmorethanonce).Eachinstanceoftheassociationisan
orderedsetofvaluesfromtherespectiveclasses.
NAS(n)~ThedevicethatacceptsPoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)connectionsandplaces
clientsonthenetworkthattheNASserves.
NAS(n)~Astorageunitdirectlyconnectedtothenetworkusingstandardprotocolssuch
asEthernetandTCP/IPforprovidingfileaccessservices.
NAT(n)~AnInternetProtocol(IP)translationprocessthatallowsanetworkwithprivate
addressestoaccessinformationontheInternet.
NATeditor(n)~Acomponentofanetworkaddresstranslatorthatperformsadditional
translationandpayloadadjustmentbeyondtheIP,TCP,andUDPheaders.ANATeditoris
aninstallablecomponentthatcanproperlymodifyotherwisenon-translatablepayloadsso
thattheycanbeforwardedacrossaNAT.
NationalAutomatedClearingHouseAssociation(PN)~Anorganizationthatoperates
theAutomatedClearingHouse(ACH)Network.
NationalFolk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#82.
nationallanguagesupportAPI(n)~Setofsystemfunctionsin32-bitWindows
containinginformationthatisbasedonlanguageandculturalconventions.
NationalRegisterofLegalEntities(PN)~A14-digitidentificationnumberissuedto
BraziliancompaniesbytheBrazilianMinistryofRevenuefortaxpurposes.
native(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofsomethingthatisinitsoriginalform.
NativeAmerican(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#64.
nativeboot(n)~Anoperating-systeminstallationandconfigurationthatusesavirtual
harddiskastherunningoperatingsystem.Thereisnohostoperatingsystemorhypervisor
inanative-bootconfiguration.
nativecode(n)~Codethathasbeencompiledtoprocessor-specificmachinecode.
nativeformat(n)~Adataformatthatmaintainsthenativedatatypesofadatabase.
Nativeformatisrecommendedwhenyoubulktransferdatabetweenmultipleinstancesof
MicrosoftSQLServerusingadatafilethatdoesnotcontainanyextended/double-byte
characterset(DBCS)characters.
nativeimagegeneration(n)~Apre-compilationtechnologyformanagedcodethat
compilesCommonIntermediateLanguage(CIL)tonativecodeontheend-usercomputer
priortoapplicationruntime.ItisanalternativetoJITcompilation.
nativeintegration(n)~InSilverlight,theuseofplatform-specificfunctionalityina
Silverlight-basedapplication.
nativelanguage(n)~ThemachinelanguageofaCPU.
nativemode(n)~InWindows2000domains,thedomainmodeinwhichalldomain
controllersinadomainarerunningWindows2000andadomainadministratorhas
switchedthedomainoperationmodefrommixedmodetonativemode.Nativemode
supportsuniversalgroupsandnestingofgroups.Innativemode,domaincontrollers
runningWindowsNT4.0orearlierarenotsupported.InWindowsServer2003domains,
nativemodeisreferredtoas‘Windows2000native’,anditisoneofthreedomain
functionallevelsavailable.
nativeresolution(n)~Theresolutionadisplayisdesignedtouse.Unlikecathoderay
tubetechnology,liquidcrystaldisplayscannotstretchorshrinkimagesgracefully.The
pixelsareeitherstretchedorshrunkovergreaterorfewercells,soupsizingordownsizing
imagestonon-nativeresolutionsdegradesvisualquality.
native-activity(n)~AsampleprovidedwithAndroidNDKbasedonanabstractbase
classforcustomactivitiesthatimplementexecutionlogicusingtheExecutemethod,
whichhasfullaccesstotheruntime’sfeatures.
naturalaccountcodesegment(n)~Asegmentofageneralledgeraccountcodethat
correspondstothetypeofaccount(forexample,cash,sales,ortravelexpense).
naturalhierarchy(n)~Ahiearchyinwhichateverylevelthereisaone-to-many
relationshipbetweenmembersinthatlevelandmembersinthenextlowerlevel.
naturalkey(n)~Aprimarykeyoralternatekeywhosevaluesidentifyobjectsinthereal
world.
naturallanguage(n)~Alanguagespokenorwrittenbyhumans,asopposedtoalanguage
usedtoprogramorcommunicatewithcomputers.
naturallanguagesearching(n)~Asearchmethodthatletsyoudirectyoursearchusing
conversationallanguage.
naturalpencil(n)~Apenciltoolthatworkswithtextureandsimulatesareallifepencilin
stroke.
NaturalPersonsRegister(PN)~An11-digitidentificationnumberissuedtoBrazilians
andresidentaliensbytheBrazilianMinistryofRevenueforidentificationandtax
purposes.
naturalquerysyntax(n)~Asearchmethodthatletsyoudirectyoursearchusing
conversationallanguage.
naturalsegment(n)~Asegmentofageneralledgeraccountcodethatcorrespondstothe
typeofaccount(forexample,cash,sales,ortravelexpense).
naturalsizing(n)~Thedefaultlayoutandsizingofacollectionofelements,as
determinedbyMSHTML.
navbar(n)~Anappbarthatappearsalongthetopedgeofthescreenandmayinclude
appcommandsornavigation.
navbar(n)~Asurfacethatappearsonthephonescreenwitha-€œsoft-€?keyforthe
Back,StartandSearchbutton.Usergetstochoosewhetheritshouldbevisibleornot.
navbarcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetocreateanavigationbar.
navigate(v)~Tomovearoundinadocument.
Navigate~Tofindone’swayaroundtheInternet.
Navigation&maps(PN)~Anappcategorythatcontainsappswithmaps,GPS,orother
toolstohelpyoufindyourway.
navigationbar(n)~OnaWebpage,agroupingofhyperlinksforgettingaroundinthat
particularWebsite.
NavigationBar(n)~AcontrolbarinOutlookthatenablestheusertonavigatequicklyto
differentareasorviewswithintheapplication.
navigationbar(n)~Anappbarthatappearsalongthetopedgeofthescreenandmay
includeappcommandsornavigation.
navigationbar(n)~Asurfacethatappearsonthephonescreenwitha-€œsoft-€?keyfor
theBack,StartandSearchbutton.
navigationbarcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetocreateanavigationbar.
navigationbutton(n)~Abuttonthatisusedtomovethroughrecordsorthroughthe
pagesofadocument.
navigationconnection(n)~Theconnectionbetweentwonavigationnodesinthe
ApplicationFlowpanelinSketchFlow.
navigationframe(n)~Aframeworkthatallnavigationplacesarebuiltonthatallows
userstomovethroughouttheapplication.Thebasicelementsofthenavigationframeare
theAddressbar,travelbuttons,menubar,navigationpaneandastatusbar.
Navigationmode(n)~ThemodeinMicrosoftAccessinwhichanentirefieldisselected
andtheinsertionpointisnotvisible.InNavigationmode,youcanmovebetweenfieldsby
usingthearrowkeys.
navigationnode(n)~AnodeintheApplicationFlowpanelofaSketchFlowprototype
thatrepresentsapointintheapplicationflow.
navigationpane(n)~Anareaofanapplicationwindowthatenablestheusertonavigate
quicklytodifferentpartsoftheprogram.
navigationpane(n)~Asectionofthewindowdisplayedtotheuser,totherightsideof
theworkspaceshortcutsarea,thatprovidesaccesstotheoverviewareaandadditional
itemsforeachworkspacethroughatreeviewofthehierarchyfortheworkspace,except
fortheSystemOverviewandSoftwareworkspaces.
navigationplace(n)~AwindowthatispartofthenavigationlayerintheDynamicsNAV
application.
navigationproperty(n)~Apropertyofentitytypesthatusesanassociationtoreference
relatedentities.
navigationalflick(n)~Agestureyoucanmakewithatabletpentoquicklynavigateand
performshortcuts.Navigationalpenflicksincludescrollup,scrolldown,pageback,and
pageforward.
navigationalpenflick(n)~Agestureyoucanmakewithatabletpentoquicklynavigate
andperformshortcuts.Navigationalpenflicksincludescrollup,scrolldown,pageback,
andpageforward.
NBV(n)~Thevalueofafixedassetcalculatedasthedifferencebetweentheoriginalcost
ofthefixedassetminusitsaccumulateddepreciations.
NCB(n)~NetBIOSdatastructuresthatcontaininformationaboutthecommandto
performanoptionalpostroutine,anoptionaleventhandle,andapointertoabufferthatis
usedformessagesorotherdata.
nchar(PN)~Thefixed-lengthdatatypewithamaximumof4,000Unicodecharacters.
NDA(n)~Acontractthatrestrictsdisclosureofconfidentialinformationorproprietary
knowledge.
NDR(n)~Anotificationthatane-mailmessagewasnotdeliveredtotherecipient.
NDS(n)~OnnetworksrunningNovellNetWare4.xandhigher,adistributeddatabasethat
maintainsinformationabouteveryresourceonthenetworkandthatprovidesaccessto
theseresources.
nearclippingplane(n)~Thenearboundaryofaviewingfrustumorcamera.Anyobject
closertothecamerathanthisclippingplaneisnotrendered.
nearfieldcommunication(n)~Acommunicationtechnologybasedonshortrange(4cm
orless)wirelessdataexchange.
nearfieldcommunicationsensor(n)~Atypeofsensor(suchasaproximitysensor)that
usesnearfieldcommunication(NFC).
nearestneighbor(n)~Arenderingmethodusedtomapasourceimagetoatargetimage.
Thismethodusesonlythenearestsourcepixeltodefineatargetpixel.
NederlandseTaxonomieProject(n)~Astandardtaxonomy(v1.0basedonXBRL2.1
andIFRS)thatisdefinedforallbusinessesoperatingintheNetherlandsforreporting
financial,tax,andstatisticaldatatogovernmentagencies.
NeedofDelivery(n)~Theformulausedtodeterminethetimeandfrequencywithwhich
apieceofcontentisdelivered.Thisformulatakesintoaccountthetotalquantityof
contenttobedelivered,andthelengthoftimeoverwhichthequantitymustbedelivered.
needlecap(n)~Oneofthetwoappearancepropertiesthatcanbeappliedtoaradial
gauge.
negativeacknowledgment(n)~Acontrolcode,ASCIIcharacter21(hexadecimal15),
transmittedtoasendingstationorcomputerbythereceivingunitasasignalthat
transmittedinformationhasarrivedincorrectly.
negativebalance(n)~Aquantityoramountthathasfallenbelowzero.
negativegoodwill(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthefairmarketvalueandpurchaseprice
ofanasset,whenthefairmarketvalueishigherthanthepricepaid.
negativeindent(n)~Anindentwherethetextisdisplacedintotheleftmarginiftext
directionissettoleft-to-right,ortowardtherightmarginiftextdirectionissettoright-to-
left.
negativeinventory(n)~Atemporarynegativequantityofanitem,suchasmayoccur
whenitemshavebeenpurchasedandreceivedbutforwhichapackingsliphasnotyet
beenprocessed.
neglectedaccount(n)~ABusinessContactwithwhomtherehasbeennointeractionwith
forover30days.
neglectedbusinesscontact(n)~ABusinessContactwithwhomtherehasbeenno
interactionwithforover30days.
neglectedcontact(n)~ABusinessContactwithwhomtherehasbeennointeractionwith
forover30days.
negotiableinstrument(n)~Aformalwrittendocumentthatunconditionallypromisesto
paymoneyandthatcanbetransferredfromonepersontoanother.
nest(v)~Toembedoneconstructinsideanother.Forexample,adatabasemaycontaina
nestedtable(atablewithinatable),aprogrammaycontainanestedprocedure(a
proceduredeclaredwithinaprocedure),andadatastructuremayincludeanestedrecord
(arecordcontainingafieldthatisitselfarecord).
nestedframespage(n)~Aframespagecontaininganotherframespageinsideoneofits
frames.
nestedloopsjoin(n)~Ajoinalgorithmwhichcompareseachrowfromonesource
(knownastheoutersource)toeachrowfromtheothersource(knownastheinnersource)
lookingforrowsthatsatisfythejoinpredicate.Asourcecouldbeatable.
nestedquery(n)~ASELECTstatementthatcontainsoneormoresubqueries.
nestedtable(n)~Atableinsertedwithinatablecell.Ifyouuseatabletolayoutapage,
andyouwanttouseanothertabletoarrangetheinformation,youcaninsertanestedtable.
NestedTarget(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowcontainmentrelationships.
EachofthefirstthreelinesofLevel1textcorrespondtotheupperlefttextintheshapes,
andLevel2textcorrespondstothesmallershapes.WorksbestwithminimalLevel2lines
oftext.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
nestedtype(n)~Atypedefinedwithinthescopeofanothertype.Anestedtypeis
typicallyusedforencapsulatingimplementationdetailsofthetop-leveltype.
nesting(n)~AmediaentryinaWebplaylistthatreferencesanotherWebplaylistfile.
nesting~programmingcommandsthatareinsideofanothercommand.Thetermdoesnot
lenditselftoanysinglelanguagebutgenerallytoallthatsupportnesting.Notall
commandscanbenestedandnotallcombinationsofcommandscanbenested.
net(adj)~Pertainingtotheremainderafteralldeductions,charges,orlossesare
subtractedfromatotal.
netamount(n)~Theamountincludingalldeductions,charges,andadjustments.
netbookvalue(n)~Thevalueofafixedassetcalculatedasthedifferencebetweenthe
originalcostofthefixedassetminusitsaccumulateddepreciations.
netchangemasterscheduling(n)~Amasterschedulingprincipleinwhichnet
requirementsarecalculatedonlyforitemsthathavehadachangeindemandsincethelast
masterschedulewascalculated.
NetLogonservice(n)~Auser-modeservicethatrunsintheWindowssecurity
subsystem.TheNetLogonservicepassestheuser`scredentialsthroughasecurechannel
tothedomaindatabaseandreturnsthedomainsecurityidentifiersanduserrightsforthe
user.Inaddition,theNetLogonserviceperformsavarietyofotherfunctionsrelatedtothe
userlogonprocess,suchasperiodicpasswordupdatesforcomputeraccountsanddomain
controllerdiscovery.
Netbeans~Open-sourceapplicationdevelopmenttools,-www.netbeans.org
NetBEUI(n)~AnetworkprotocolnativetoMicrosoftNetworking.Itisusuallyusedin
small,department-sizelocalareanetworks(LANs)of1to200clients.NetBEUIcanuse
TokenRingsourceroutingasitsonlymethodofrouting.NetBEUIistheMicrosoft
implementationoftheNetBIOSstandard.
NetBIOS(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)thatcanbeusedbyprograms
onalocalareanetwork(LAN).NetBIOSprovidesprogramswithauniformsetof
commandsforrequestingthelower-levelservicesrequiredtomanagenames,conduct
sessions,andsenddatagramsbetweennodesonanetwork.
NetBIOSExtendedUserInterface(n)~AnetworkprotocolnativetoMicrosoft
Networking.Itisusuallyusedinsmall,department-sizelocalareanetworks(LANs)of1
to200clients.NetBEUIcanuseTokenRingsourceroutingasitsonlymethodofrouting.
NetBEUIistheMicrosoftimplementationoftheNetBIOSstandard.
NetBIOSname(n)~A16-bytenameofaprocessusingnetworkbasicinput/output
system(NetBIOS).TheNetBIOSnameisanamethatisrecognizedbyWINS,which
mapsthenametoanIPaddress.
NetBIOSNodeType(n)~Adesignationoftheexactmechanismsbywhichnetworkbasic
input/outputsystem(NetBIOS)namesareresolvedtoIPaddresses.
NetBIOSoverTCP/IP(n)~AfeaturethatprovidestheNetBIOSprogramminginterface
overtheTCP/IPprotocol.ItisusedformonitoringroutedserversthatuseNetBIOSname
resolution.
netbook(n)~Asmall,affordablelaptopthatisdesignedtoperformalimitednumberof
taskssuchaswebbrowsingande-mail.
Netbook~Asmallerversionofthepopularlaptopcomputerformat.
netbook~basicallyasmall,inexpensiveyetInternet-readycomputerwithlesscomputing
powerthanastandardlaptop.
NetBT(n)~AfeaturethatprovidestheNetBIOSprogramminginterfaceovertheTCP/IP
protocol.ItisusedformonitoringroutedserversthatuseNetBIOSnameresolution.
netgroup(n)~TheUnixindustrystandardforgroupingcomputers(hosts)basedonNIS
domainnameandhostname.NetgroupscanbedefinedbothonaNISserver(UNIX)or
onLDAPserver(e.g.ActiveDirectory)whicharecallednetgroupsources.
netgroupsource(n)~ANISserver(UNIX)oraLDAPserver(e.g.ActiveDirectory)that
isusedbytheMicrosoftServicesforNetworkFileSystem(NFS)todefineandgrant
permissionstonetgroups.
NetgroupSourceWizard(PN)~Awizardthatallowsyoutoconfigureanetgroupsource
andreviewyoursettings.
NetherlandsTaxonomyProject(n)~Astandardtaxonomy(v1.0basedonXBRL2.1and
IFRS)thatisdefinedforallbusinessesoperatingintheNetherlandsforreporting
financial,tax,andstatisticaldatatogovernmentagencies.
Net-Library(PN)~ASQLServercommunicationscomponentthatisolatestheSQL
ServerclientsoftwareandtheDatabaseEnginefromthenetworkAPIs.
NetView(PN)~AreportingsystemthatrunsonanIBMhostmainframesystem.NetView
forwardsalertsandotherinformationbetweenthehost,personalcomputers,andother
networkaddressableunitsconnectedtothehost.
NetViewalert(n)~AmessagesenttotheNetViewreportingsystem,indicatingan
abnormaleventorafailure.
NetWare~Novell-developedNOS.Providesfileandprintersharingamongnetworksof
PCs.Eachnetworkmusthaveatleastonefileserver,andaccesstootherresourcesis
dependentonconnectingtoandloggingintofileserver.
NetWareDirectoryServices(n)~OnnetworksrunningNovellNetWare4.xandhigher,a
distributeddatabasethatmaintainsinformationabouteveryresourceonthenetworkand
thatprovidesaccesstotheseresources.
network(n)~Agroupofcomputersorotherdevices,suchasprintersandscanners,that
communicateeitherwirelesslyorbyusingaphysicalconnection,suchasanEthernet
cableoraphoneline.
network(n)~AgroupofpeoplesomeonecommunicatesandshareswithonWindows
Live.Someone’snetworkincludespeoplethey’veaddedtotheirprofile,totheir
Messengercontacts,orboth.Peopleinsomeone’snetworkcanseeinformationabouttheir
latestactivitiesinthewhat’snewlist,andmayseeotherinformation,dependingon
permissionssettings.
network(n)~Asystemofdividingupterritoryintoindependentareasformobile
telephony(voiceanddataconnections),managedbymobileoperators.
Network~Awayoflinkingseveralcomputerstogethersothattheiruserscanshare
resourcessuchasprintersanddocuments,oftenviaacentralcomputercalleda-server.
Seealso-LAN,-WAN,Ethernet.
Network&Internet(PN)~TheUIlabelfornetworkandInternetsettingsinWindows
desktop.
Network&wireless(PN)~TheUIlabelfornetworkandwireless(mobile)settingsin
Windows10Mobile.
NetworkAccessProtection(n)~Asetofoperatingsystemcomponentsthatcanhelp
protectaccesstoaprivatenetworkbyenforcinghealthpolicies.Systemadministrators
establishhealthpolicieswhichNAPenforcesbyinspectingandassessingthehealthof
clientcomputers,restrictingnetworkaccesswhenclientcomputersaredeemed
noncompliant,andremediatingnoncompliantclientcomputersforfullnetworkaccess.
NAPalsoprovidesongoinghealthcomplianceenforcementwhileaclientcomputeris
connectedtoanetwork.
networkaccessserver(n)~ThedevicethatacceptsPoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)
connectionsandplacesclientsonthenetworkthattheNASserves.
networkadapter(n)~Anexpansioncardorotherdeviceusedtoprovidenetworkaccess
toacomputerorotherdevice,suchasaprinter.Mediatesbetweenthecomputerand
physicalmedia,suchascabling,overwhichtransmissionstravel.
networkadapterdriver(n)~Adevicedriverthatworksdirectlywiththenetwork
adapter,actingasanintermediarybetweentheadapterandtheprotocoldriver.
networkaddresstranslation(n)~AnInternetProtocol(IP)translationprocessthat
allowsanetworkwithprivateaddressestoaccessinformationontheInternet.
networkadministrator(n)~Apersonresponsibleforplanning,configuring,and
managingtheday-to-dayoperationofthenetwork.
networkagent(n)~Abackgroundprocesswithinavirtualmachinethatupdatesthe
networkconfigurationofthatmachineinordertosupportnetworkisolation.
NetworkandSharingCenter(PN)~AtaskpageintheWindowsControlPanelfrom
wherecustomerscangetreal-timestatusinformationabouttheirnetwork,andalsomake
changestosettings.
networkarchitecture(n)~Theunderlyingstructureofacomputernetwork,including
hardware,functionallayers,interfaces,andprotocols,usedtoestablishcommunication
andensurethereliabletransferofinformation.Networkarchitecturesaredesignedto
providebothphilosophicalandphysicalstandardsforthecomplexitiesofestablishing
communicationslinksandtransferringinformationwithoutconflict.Variousnetwork
architecturesexist,includingtheinternationallyacceptedseven-layerISOOpenSystems
Interconnection(OSI)modelandIBM’sSystemsNetworkArchitecture(SNA).
NetworkAwareness(n)~AserviceofWindowsVistathatcollectsnetworkinformation
availabletoWindowsonbehalfofapplicationsandenablesthemtoeasilyandeffectively
adapttochangesinnetworkenvironments.
networkbandwidththrottling(n)~Theprocessofsettingthemaximumportionoftotal
networkcapacitythataserviceisallowedtouse.Anadministratorcandeliberatelylimita
serversInternetworkloadbynotallowingittoreceiverequestsatfullcapacity,thus
savingresourcesforotherprograms,suchase-mail.
networkbandwidthusagethrottling(n)~AperformanceoptimizationinDPMthat
limitsthepercentageofnetworkbandwidththatprotectionandrecoveryjobscan
consume.
networkbasicinput/outputsystem(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)
thatcanbeusedbyprogramsonalocalareanetwork(LAN).NetBIOSprovidesprograms
withauniformsetofcommandsforrequestingthelower-levelservicesrequiredto
managenames,conductsessions,andsenddatagramsbetweennodesonanetwork.
networkbridge(n)~Softwareorhardwarethatconnectstwoormorenetworkssothat
theycancommunicate,andthatoperatesatthedata-linklayer(layer2)oftheOSImodel.
networkcarddriver(n)~Adevicedriverthatworksdirectlywiththenetworkcard,
actingasanintermediarybetweenthecardandtheprotocoldriver.
Networkcard,NetworkInterfaceCard~An-Expansioncard-whichletsaPC
communicatewithanetwork,requiredfor-broadband-Internetaccess.See
alsoEthernet,-NIC.
NetworkCenter(n)~Acontrolpanelthatprovidesthestatusofyournetworkandaccess
tonetworkingactivities.
networkconfiguration(n)~Theentireinterconnectedsetofhardware,orthewayin
whichanetworkislaidout—themannerinwhichelementsareconnected.
networkconnection(n)~Alinkbetweenauser’scomputerandagroupofcomputersand
otherdevicesthatenablestheusertoaccessprinters,serversetc.Thelinkcanbethrougha
wire,cable,phonelineorwirelesstransmissions.
networkcontrolblock(n)~NetBIOSdatastructuresthatcontaininformationaboutthe
commandtoperformanoptionalpostroutine,anoptionaleventhandle,andapointertoa
bufferthatisusedformessagesorotherdata.
networkcontrolprogram(n)~Inacommunicationsnetworkthatincludesamainframe
computer,aprogramthatusuallyresidesinacommunicationscontrollerandtakesover
communicationstaskssuchasrouting,errorcontrol,linecontrol,andpolling(checking
terminalsfortransmissions),leavingthemaincomputerfreeforotherfunctions.
networkdatabase(n)~Adatabasethatrunsinanetwork.
NetworkDeviceEnrollmentService(n)~APublicKeyInfrastructure(PKI)
communicationprotocolthatdefinesthecommunicationbetweennetworkdevicesanda
RegistrationAuthority(RA)forcertificateenrollment.
NetworkDiagram(n)~Adiagramthatshowsdependenciesbetweenprojecttasks.Tasks
arerepresentedbyboxes,ornodes,andtaskdependenciesarerepresentedbylinesthat
connecttheboxes.
NetworkDiscoverymethod(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagerdiscoverymethodthat
enablestheSMS/ConfigurationManageradministratortodiscoveranynetworkresources
thatareIPaddressable.
networkdrive(n)~Onalocalareanetwork(LAN),adrivethatothercomputersonthe
networkcanconnectto.Anetworkdriveallowspeopletoaccesssharedfilesandfolders.
NetworkExplorer(n)~AutilityinWindowsVistathatpresentsaviewofallPCs,
devices,andprintersonthenetwork,andissignificantlyfasterandmorereliablethanMy
NetworkPlacesinWindowsXP.
networkfilesystem(n)~Adistributedfilesystemthatallowsuserstoaccessremotefiles
anddirectoriesonanetworkasiftheywerelocal.NFSiscompatiblewithMicrosoft
WindowsandUNIX-basedsystems,includingLinuxandMacOSX.
networkgateway(n)~Adevicethatconnectsnetworksusingdifferentcommunications
protocolssothatinformationcanbepassedfromonetotheother.Agatewayboth
transfersinformationandconvertsittoaformcompatiblewiththeprotocolsusedbythe
receivingnetwork.
networkID(n)~Anumberusedtoidentifythesystemsthatarelocatedonthesame
physicalnetworkboundedbyrouters.ThenetworkIDshouldbeuniquetothe
internetwork.
NetworkInformationService(PN)~Anetworknamingandadministrationsystemthat
wasdevelopedbySunMicrosystemsandisconstructedontheclient-servermodelof
computing.FormerlyknownasYellowPages(yp),NISprovidesasimplenetworklook-
upservicethatconsistsofdatabasesandprocesses.
NetworkInformationServicemap(n)~AdatabaseservedbyNetworkInformation
Service(NIS).TheNISlookupcallsrequireamap(database)nameandanNISdomain
name.AnNISdomainconsistsofacollectionofsuchmaps.
NetworkInspectionSystem(PN)~Adetectionsystemthathelpsguardagainstintrusion
attemptstargetingknownandnewlydiscoveredvulnerabilitiesinnetworkprotocols.
networkinter-sitepolicy(n)~Definesbandwidthlimitationsbetweensitesthatare
directlylinkedwithinacalladmissioncontrol(CAC)configuration.
networkisolation(n)~TheuseofanIPaddresspooltoenablemultiplecopiesofalab
environmenttoberunconcurrentlywithoutcausingnetworkconflictssuchasconflictsin
computernames,DNSregistration,andsoforth.
networkisolationenvironment(n)~Avirtualenvironmentthatisrunwithnetwork
isolation,therebyprotectingitfromnetworkconflicts.
networkkey(n)~Apasswordthatcanhelpprotectwirelessnetworksfromunauthorized
access.Anetworksecuritykeyencryptsinformationsentfromonenetworkcomputerto
anothersothattheinformationcanonlybereadbysomeonewhohasthekey.
networklatency(n)~Thetimerequiredforasignaltotravelfromonepointonanetwork
toanother.
networklayer(n)~LayerthreeoftheOSImodel.Alayerthataddressesmessagesand
translateslogicaladdressesandnamesintophysicaladdresses.Italsodeterminestheroute
fromthesourcetothedestinationcomputerandmanagestrafficproblems,suchas
switching,routing,andcontrollingthecongestionofdatapackets.
NetworkLevelAuthentication(PN)~Anauthenticationmethodthatcompletesuser
authenticationbeforeyouestablishaRemoteDesktopconnectionandthelogonscreen
appears.
NetworkLoadBalancing(n)~AWindowsnetworkcomponentthatusesadistributed
algorithmtoload-balanceInternetProtocol(IP)trafficacrossanumberofhosts,helping
toenhancethescalabilityandavailabilityofmission-critical,IP-basedservices,suchas
RemoteDesktopServices,Webservices,virtualprivatenetworking,andstreamingmedia.
Italsoprovideshighavailabilitybydetectinghostfailuresandautomaticallyredistributing
traffictothesurvivinghosts.
networklocation(n)~InaURL,auniquenamethatidentifiesanInternetserver.A
networklocationhastwoormoreparts,separatedbyperiods,asinmicrosoft.com.
networklocationawarenessservice(n)~AserviceofWindowsVistathatcollects
networkinformationavailabletoWindowsonbehalfofapplicationsandenablesthemto
easilyandeffectivelyadapttochangesinnetworkenvironments.
networklogon(n)~Theprocessofloggingontoacomputerbymeansofanetwork.
Typically,auserfirstinteractivelylogsontoalocalcomputer,thenprovideslogon
credentialstoanothercomputeronthenetwork,suchasaserver,thatheorsheis
authorizedtouse.
networkmask(n)~ThebitmaskthatisusedtomatchadestinationIPaddresstothe
valueintheDestinationfieldintheIProutingtableforahostorarouter.IntheWindows
2000IProutingtable,thiscolumnisnamedNetmask.
networkmix(n)~Theprobabilityofavirtualuserrunningagivennetworkprofile.For
example:75%useLANand25%useDSL56K.
networkmodem(n)~Amodemthatissharedbyusersofanetworkforcallinganonline
serviceprovider,anISP,aservicebureau,orotheronlinesource.
NetworkMonitor(n)~Apacketcaptureandanalysistoolusedtoviewnetworktraffic.
NetworkMOS(n)~ApredictionofthewidebandlisteningqualityMOS(MOS-LQ)of
audiothatisplayedtotheuser.Thisvaluetakesintoaccountonlynetworkfactorssuchas
codecused,packetloss,packetreorder,packeterrorsandjitter.
networkname(n)~AnameidentifyinganSNAnetwork.Thenetworknameisoftenused
incombinationwithotheridentifiers,suchasacontrolpointnameoranLUname.The
combinationofanetworknamewithacontrolpointnameissometimescalledanetwork
qualifiedcontrolpointname.
networkname(n)~AresourcethatExchange2007Setupassignstoaclusteredmailbox
server.Thisresourcerepresentsthenetworknameoftheclusteredmailboxserver.
NetworkNameresource(n)~InaWindowsServerFailoverClustering(WSFC),a
logicalservernamethatismanagedasaclusterresource.Anetworknameresourcemust
beusedwithanIPaddressresource.
NetworkNewsTransferProtocol(n)~AmemberoftheTCP/IPsuiteofprotocolsused
todistributenetworknewsmessagestoNNTPserversandclients(newsreaders)onthe
Internet.NNTPisdesignedsothatnewsarticlesarestoredonaserverinacentral
database,thusenablingausertoselectspecificitemstoread.
networknumber(n)~IntheMacintoshenvironment,theroutingaddressorrangeof
addressesassignedtothephysicalnetworkthatAppleTalkPhase2routersusetodirect
informationtotheappropriatenetwork.
networkpartition(n)~Astateinwhichoneormoreofthenodesinaclustercannot
communicatewiththeotherclusternodes.Inthiscase,theclustermaybesplitintotwoor
morepartitionsthatcannotcommunicatewitheachother.
networkpassword(n)~Apasswordthatyouusetologontoanetwork.Youcanmake
thisthesameasyourWindowspassword,soyouhaveonlyonepasswordtoremember.
networkplace(n)~AfolderonaWebserver.
NetworkPolicyServer(n)~TheMicrosoftimplementationofaRemoteAuthentication
Dial-InUserService(RADIUS)serverandproxy.IntheNAParchitecture,theNPSserver
includestheNAPadministrationserverandthesystemhealthvalidator(SHV)
components.
NetworkPrinterInstallationWizard(PN)~Awizardthatguidestheuserthrough
installingaprinterontheirnetwork.
networkprofile(n)~Aspecificsimulationofnetworkbandwidthattheapplicationlayer;
forexample,LANandDialup56K.Thenetworkprofiledoesnotsimulatelatency.
networkprofile(n)~Aprofilethatdeterminesthenetworksettingsforthephone,and
thenactivatesorupdatesthatphone.
networkprotocol(n)~Asetofrulesandparametersthatdefinesandenables
communicationthroughanetwork.
networkrange(n)~IntheMacintoshenvironment,theroutingaddressorrangeof
addressesassignedtothephysicalnetworkthatAppleTalkPhase2routersusetodirect
informationtotheappropriatenetwork.
networkregions(n)~Thenetworkhubsorbackbonesthatareusedintheconfiguration
ofcalladmissioncontrol,E9-1-1,andmediabypass.Theyinterconnectpartsofanetwork
acrossmultiplegeographicareas,andeverynetworkregionmustbeassociatedwitha
centralsite.
networkresource(n)~Anindividualcomputeronaninternalcorporateorprivate
networkthatuserscanconnecttothroughanRDGatewayserver.Thecomputercanbe
eitheraremotedesktopserverrunningRemoteAppprogramsoracomputerwithRemote
Desktopenabled.
networkscanner(n)~Ascannerthatisnotconnecteddirectlytoacomputer,butis
insteadconnecteddirectlytoanetworkthroughawiredorwirelessconnection.
networkscanning(n)~Aprocessoffinding,oridentifyingcharacteristicsof,computers
orotherresourcesthatareaccessibleonanetwork.
networksecurityscan(n)~Anexaminationofserversforviruses,spyware,andmalware.
networkserver(n)~OntheInternetorothernetwork,acomputerorprogramthathosts
webpagesandrespondstocommandsfromaclient.
networkservice(n)~Aservice,suchasfileandprintersharingonyourcomputeror
automaticbackuptoanetworkserver.
networkservicesetidentifier(n)~Auniquesetoflettersornumbersthatidentifiesa
wirelessnetwork.Foracomputerordevicetoconnecttoawirelessnetwork,itmust
supplythatnetwork’sSSID.AnSSIDcanbeupto32characters.
NetworkServices(PN)~ThefamilyofnetworkservicesinMicrosoftAzure.
networkshare(n)~Afolderordirectoryonacomputerthatissetuptobereadableor
writeableforcertainusersonothercomputers.
networksite(n)~Acollectionsofsubnetswithsimilarbandwidth,forexample,abranch
officelocation,asetofbuildings,oracampus.
networksoftware(n)~Softwarethatenablesgroupsofcomputerstocommunicate,
includingacomponentthatfacilitatesconnectiontoorparticipationinanetwork.
networktopology(n)~Thephysicallayoutofcomputers,cables,switches,routers,and
othercomponentsofanetwork.
NetworkTopology~Thephysicalandlogicalrelationshipofnodesinanetwork;the
schematicarrangementofthelinksandnodesofanetworktypicallyintheformofastar,
ring,treeorbustopology.
NetworkTrace(n)~AnSMSAdministratorconsoletoolthatcalculatesanddiagrams
communicationroutesbetweenanSMSsiteserverandanysitesystemrolethatyou
select,basedonthediscoverydataintheSMSsitedatabase.
NetworkTrafficreport(n)~ADPSreportthatprovidesinformationabouttheimpactof
synchronizationjobsonnetworktraffic.
networkuser(n)~Auserthatisaccessingresourcesonaremotesystem.Anetworkuser
maynothaveaUIordesktopontheremotecomputer.
network-attachedstorage(n)~Astorageunitdirectlyconnectedtothenetworkusing
standardprotocolssuchasEthernetandTCP/IPforprovidingfileaccessservices.
networkedprojection(n)~AfeatureofWindowsVistathatallowsaWindowsVista
computertodetectanearbyprojectorthatisanetwork-connecteddeviceandletstheuser
establishaconnectionthroughawiredorwireless,adhoc,orinfrastructurenetwork.
networking(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludesVirtual
Networks,MicrosoftAzureConnect,andTrafficManager.
Networking(PN)~TheDevelopertoolssubcategorycontainingappstohelpdevelopers
withnetworkingaspectsofbuildinganapp.
NetworkingAPI(PN)~TheAPIfornetworking.
networkingservice(n)~ThecategoryofservicesinMicrosoftAzurethatincludesVirtual
Networks,MicrosoftAzureConnect,andTrafficManager.
Networks(PN)~ThenetworkingserviceinMicrosoftAzurethatletscustomerscreate
andmanagevirtualprivatenetworksinMicrosoftAzureandsecurelylinkthemtoother
virtualnetworksortotheirownon-premisesnetworkinginfrastructure.
neutralcharacter(n)~Acharacterthatdoesnothavestrongright-to-leftorleft-to-right
languageattributes.
neutralprotaminehagedorninsulin(n)~Anintermediate-actinginsulingiventolower
thebloodsugarlevelofdiabetics.
New&Rising(PN)~Thecategoryofitems(appsorgames)thataresuggestedtousers
duetotheirrecentpopularity.
New&risingapps(PN)~Thecategoryofitems(appsorgames)thataresuggestedto
usersduetotheirrecentpopularity.
New&risinggames(PN)~Thecategoryofitems(appsorgames)thataresuggestedto
usersduetotheirrecentpopularity.
New+RisingApps(PN)~Thecategoryofitems(appsorgames)thataresuggestedto
usersduetotheirrecentpopularity.
New+RisingGames(PN)~Thecategoryofitems(appsorgames)thataresuggestedto
usersduetotheirrecentpopularity.
NewAge(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#10.
Newalbums(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicalbumsthatwererecentlyreleased.
NewCalendar(n)~AUIelementthatallowstheusertocreateanewCalendarpage.
NewConnectionWizard(PN)~AtoolthathelpsuserssignupforInternetserviceand
automaticallyhandlesthesoftwareconfigurationstepsnecessaryforgainingaccesstothe
Internet.
Newepisodethisweek(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforTVseriesepisodesthatairedthis
week.
NewGroup(PN)~Thedefaultnameforagroupofcontactscreatedbytheuser.
NewLastWeek(n)~Aviewthatlistsalltheactiveopportunitiesthatbelongingtothe
mobileuserthatwerecreatedduringpreviouscalendarweek.
newlinecharacter(n)~Acontrolcharacterthatcausesthecursoronadisplayorthe
printingmechanismonaprintertomovetothebeginningofthenextline.
newmail(n)~Anotificationontheappbarthatappearswhenevertheuserreceivesanew
email.
Newmovies(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformoviesthatwererecentlyreleased.
Newmusic(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicitemsthatwererecentlyreleased.
NewNumber…(PN)~TheUIelementthatopensadialogboxwheretheusercanentera
newphonenumberforcallforwarding.
NewProtectionGroupWizard(n)~Awizardthatisusedtocreateanewprotection
groupwhichwillprotectdataonauser’sfileservers.
NewQuickContact(n)~UIthatallowsausertoopenaQuickContactformtocreatea
contactrecordwithoutopeninganentirerecordform.
Newreleases(PN)~Thecategorythatlistsnewmusicorvideoreleases.
Newreleases(PN)~Thecategoryofitemsthathaverecentlybecomeavailable.
NewThisWeek(n)~Aviewthatlistsalltheactiveopportunitiesbelongingtothemobile
userthathavebeencreatedduringthecurrentcalendarweek.
NewTicketRoutingRule(n)~ABusinessRulethatfireswhenanewTicketissubmitted
toyourParatureDepartment.
NewToDo(n)~AUIelementthatallowstheusertoaddanewToDototheToDolist.
Newtoolbar(n)~Thetoolbar,inwizardsandpropertysheetsforcreatinghardware
configurationsforvirtualmachinesandforconfiguringvirtualmachinehosts,that
containstoolsforconfiguringnewhardwarecomponents.Inhardwareconfigurations,the
NewtoolbarcontainstoolsforconfiguringSCSIadapters,DVDs,andnetworkadapters
forvirtualmachines.Inhostproperties,theNewtoolbarcontainsatoolforconfiguringa
virtualnetworkonthehost.
NewTVshows(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforTVepisodesorseasonsthatwererecently
released.
NewVirtualHardDiskWizard(PN)~Awizardthatisusedbyadvanceduserstocreate
customvirtualharddisksforvirtualmachines.ThepurposeoftheNewVirtualHardDisk
Wizardistogatherthebasicinformationfromtheusernecessarytocreateanewvirtual
harddisk.
NewWave(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#66.
newWindowsexperience(PN)~ThenewwayofinteractingwithWindowsintroducedin
Windows8.
newWindowsUI(PN)~ThenewwayofinteractingwithWindowsintroducedin
Windows8.
newWindowsuserinterface(PN)~ThenewwayofinteractingwithWindows
introducedinWindows8.
new+rising(PN)~Thecategoryofitems(appsorgames)thataresuggestedtousersdue
totheirrecentpopularity.
Newbie~(Newbeginner)-Internetslangforsomeonewhohasn’tbeenusingcomputers
ortheinternetlong.
Newest(PN)~ThefilterforvideoswithinanOffice365Videochannelthatallowsthe
usertosortvideosaccordingtowhentheywereuploaded.
News(PN)~Anapplicationthataggregatesnewsincustomizedviewsfromavarietyof
Internetpartnernewssources,featuringnewsarticles,videos,articles,andphotography.
News(PN)~TheNews&weathersubcategorycontainingappsthathelpyoukeepupwith
currentevents.
News&Weather(PN)~Anappcategorythatprovidesnewsorweatherinformation.
news+weather(PN)~Anappcategorythatprovidesnewsorweatherinformation.
newsaccount(n)~Anonlineaccount,usuallyprovidedbyanInternetserviceprovider
(ISP),thatletsusersaccessnewsgroups.
NewsBanner(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
newsserver(n)~AcomputerorprogramthatexchangesInternetnewsgroupswith
newsreaderclientsandotherservers.
NewsUpdatespage(n)~Thepagethatcontainsgeneralinformation,virusupdates,and
networkalerts.
NewsVideo,Inset(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
newsfeed(n)~Afeedthatprovidesinformation,notificationsandupdatesbasedon
people,documents,andtagsyouarefollowing.
newsgroup(n)~AforumontheInternetfordiscussionsonaspecifiedrangeofsubjects.
Newsgroup(orjustNews)~Apublicareawhereyoucanreadandpostmessagesona
particulartopicortheme,allowingpublicdiscussion,eitherontheInternetoraBulletin
Board.Largelyreplacedbyinternetforums.
newsletter(n)~Areportcontainingnewsorinformation,canbeprintedordistributed
electronically.
Newspaper(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
newsreader(n)~AUsenetclientprogramthatenablesausertosubscribetoUsenet
newsgroups,readarticles,postfollow-ups,replybye-mail,andpostarticles.ManyWeb
browsersalsoprovidethesefunctions.
next-of-kinprocess(n)~Aprocessthatallowsforthereleaseofcontents-€“forexample
emailsandtheirattachments,addressbooks,andcontactlists-€“tothenextofkinofa
deceasedorincapacitatedemailaccountholderand/orfortheclosureofanemailaccount.
Nexus~CiscoNexus(introduced2008),modularnetworkswitchesdesignedfordata
centers
Nexus~GoogleNexus(released2010),alineofAndroidDevicesproduced
NFC(n)~Acommunicationtechnologybasedonshortrange(4cmorless)wirelessdata
exchange.
NFCreader(n)~AnexternaldevicethatinteractswithanNFC-enabledphone.These
devicesexchangedata,suchascontactdetailsorsecurepaymentinformation,withNFC-
enabledphonesthroughcontactlesscommunication.
NFCsensor(n)~Atypeofsensor(suchasaproximitysensor)thatusesnearfield
communication(NFC).
NFCtransaction(n)~AnexchangeofinformationbetweentwodevicesusingNFC,or
nearfieldcommunication.UsingNFCtransactions,apersoncanusetheirphonetomake
paymentsinastoreorasabuspass.
NFS(n)~Adistributedfilesystemthatallowsuserstoaccessremotefilesanddirectories
onanetworkasiftheywerelocal.NFSiscompatiblewithMicrosoftWindowsand
UNIX-basedsystems,includingLinuxandMacOSX.
NFSclient(n)~AcomputerrunningclientsoftwaretoaccesssharedNetworkFileSystem
(NFS)resources.
NFSserver(n)~AcomputerprovidingNetworkFileSystem(NFS)diskresourcesto
NFSclients.
NGen(n)~Apre-compilationtechnologyformanagedcodethatcompilesCommon
IntermediateLanguage(CIL)tonativecodeontheend-usercomputerpriortoapplication
runtime.ItisanalternativetoJITcompilation.
NIC~(NetworkInterfaceCard)-An-Expansioncard-whichletsaPCcommunicatewith
a-network-orusea-broadband-internetconnection.AlmostallmodernNICs
are-Ethernet-cards.
NICTeaming(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstogrouptwoormorephysicalnetwork
adaptersintoasinglelogicalnetworkdevice.
nickname(n)~Auser-friendlynamedisplayedinplaceofanetworklocation,e-mail
address,contactname,orother,moreformalname.
nickname(n)~Whenusedwithmergereplicationsystemtables,anameforanother
Subscriberthatisknowntoalreadyhaveaspecifiedgenerationofupdateddata.
niladicfunctions(n)~Functionsthatdonothaveanyinputparameters.
NIS(n)~AnetworknamingandadministrationsystemthatwasdevelopedbySun
Microsystemsandisconstructedontheclient-servermodelofcomputing.Formerly
knownasYellowPages(yp),NISprovidesasimplenetworklook-upservicethatconsists
ofdatabasesandprocesses.
NIS(PN)~Adetectionsystemthathelpsguardagainstintrusionattemptstargetingknown
andnewlydiscoveredvulnerabilitiesinnetworkprotocols.
NISmap(n)~AdatabaseservedbyNetworkInformationService(NIS).TheNISlookup
callsrequireamap(database)nameandanNISdomainname.AnNISdomainconsistsof
acollectionofsuchmaps.
NLA2(n)~AserviceofWindowsVistathatcollectsnetworkinformationavailableto
Windowsonbehalfofapplicationsandenablesthemtoeasilyandeffectivelyadaptto
changesinnetworkenvironments.
NLB(n)~AWindowsnetworkcomponentthatusesadistributedalgorithmtoload-
balanceInternetProtocol(IP)trafficacrossanumberofhosts,helpingtoenhancethe
scalabilityandavailabilityofmission-critical,IP-basedservices,suchasRemoteDesktop
Services,Webservices,virtualprivatenetworking,andstreamingmedia.Italsoprovides
highavailabilitybydetectinghostfailuresandautomaticallyredistributingtraffictothe
survivinghosts.
NLSAPI(n)~Setofsystemfunctionsin32-bitWindowscontaininginformationthatis
basedonlanguageandculturalconventions.
NMI(n)~Ahardwareinterruptthatbypassesandtakespriorityoverinterruptrequests
generatedbysoftwareandbythekeyboardandothersuchdevices.Anonmaskable
interruptcannotbeoverruled(masked)byanotherservicerequestandisissuedtothe
microprocessoronlyindisastrouscircumstances,suchasseverememoryerrorsor
impendingpowerfailures.
NNTP(n)~AmemberoftheTCP/IPsuiteofprotocolsusedtodistributenetworknews
messagestoNNTPserversandclients(newsreaders)ontheInternet.NNTPisdesignedso
thatnewsarticlesarestoredonaserverinacentraldatabase,thusenablingausertoselect
specificitemstoread.
NoCharge(oth)~Ashippingmethodthatmeansthebusinesspaysforthecostof
shippingtheorder,ratherthanmakingthecustomerpay.
NoControl(oth)~Aquantitysellingoptionthatspecifiesthataproductcanbesoldonly
inexistingunitsintheproductcatalog.Asalespersoncannotcreatenewunitsforsale.
NolongerinCRMUI.HelpVisor(PN)~AUIelementthatcontainslinkstoHelptopics,
videos,andwizardsthatguidethecustomerthroughbasicDynamicsCRMconceptsand
procedures.
Noservice(PN)~Astatusnotificationthatthedeviceisnotwithinthewirelessservice
range.
Nowatermark(oth)~Anoptiontheusercanclicktoremoveanyexistingwatermarkin
thedocument.Ifthereisnowatermarkalreadyinthedocument,clickingthisoption
activatestheOKbutton.
no-barfraction(n)~Afractionthatiswrittenverticallywiththenumeratorontopand
denominatorbelow,withnofractionbarbetweenthem.----
NOD(n)~Theformulausedtodeterminethetimeandfrequencywithwhichapieceof
contentisdelivered.Thisformulatakesintoaccountthetotalquantityofcontenttobe
delivered,andthelengthoftimeoverwhichthequantitymustbedelivered.
node(n)~Afundamentalunitofdatastructureswhichcanbelabeledandwhichcanhave
datastoredinit.
node(n)~Forlocalareanetworks(LANs),adevicethatisconnectedtothenetworkand
iscapableofcommunicatingwithothernetworkdevices.
node(n)~Forfailoverclustersorserverclusters,acomputersystemthatisanactiveor
inactivememberofthecluster.
Node~Acollectionofmodemsthatprovidelocalaccesstoasystem.Whenyoudialyour
localaccessnumber,youaredialingintoagenerallylocalnodewhichthenconnectsyou
tothemainISPsystem.
Node~asinglestationonanetwork.
nodegroup(n)~AnamedcollectionofnodesinanHPCcluster.
NOIDMIFfile(n)~AcustomManagementInformationFormat(MIF)filethat
SMS/ConfigurationManageradministratorscanusetomodifyorappendobjectclasses
andpropertiestoexistingclientinventorydata.
NOIDMIFfile(n)~AcustomManagementInformationFormat(MIF)filethat
ConfigurationManageradministratorscanusetomodifyorappendobjectclassesand
propertiestoexistingclientinventorydata.
Noise(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#39.
noise~Unplannedenergyintroducedontoacommunicationspath,resultingin
transmissionerrors.Undesirablesignalsbearingnodesiredinformation
noise~Theunpredictabledifferencebetweentheobserveddataandthetrueprocess.
noiseword(n)~Awordsuchas‘the’or‘an’thatisnotusefulforsearches,orthata
crawlershouldignorewhencreatinganindex.
NOK(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofNorway.
nominalaccount(n)~Anaccountthatisclosedouteachfiscalperiodandwhosebalance
istransferredtoretainedearningsaccount.
nonadjacentselection(n)~Aselectionoftwoormorecellsorrangesthatdon’ttouch
eachother.
non-authoritativerecovery(n)~ArestoreoperationperformedonanActiveDirectory
domaincontrollerinwhichtheobjectsintherestoreddirectoryarenottreatedas
authoritative.Therestoredobjectsareupdatedwithchangesheldonotherdomain
controllersinthedomain.
nonauthoritativerestore(n)~ArestoreoperationperformedonanActiveDirectory
domaincontrollerinwhichtheobjectsintherestoreddirectoryarenottreatedas
authoritative.Therestoredobjectsareupdatedwithchangesheldonotherdomain
controllersinthedomain.
nonbreakinghyphen(n)~Ahyphenthatisusedtopreventahyphenatedword,number,
orphrasefrombreakingifitfallsattheendofaline.
non-broadcastnetwork(n)~AnInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)
802.11wirelessnetworkinwhichServiceSetIdentifier(SSID)suppressionisenabled.
nonce(n)~Akeyusedonlyonceinacryptographiccommunication.
nonchargeabletransaction(n)~Atransactionthatcannotbeincludedonaninvoiceand
chargedtoacustomer.
nonclusteredhashindex(n)~Ahash-table-basedindex,availableonlyformemory-
optimizedtables,inwhichrowsarenotordered.
nonclusteredindex(n)~AB-tree-basedindexinwhichthelogicalorderoftheindexkey
valuesisdifferentthanthephysicalorderofthecorrespondingrowsinatable.Theindex
containsrowlocatorsthatpointtothestoragelocationofthetabledata.
non-compliantcard(n)~AnSDcardthatdoesnotmeettherequirementsforuseina
WindowsPhone.
nonconformance(n)~Describesanitemthathasaqualityproblemanddoesnotcomply
withpredefinedperformanceorqualitystandards.
non-containeddatabase(n)~ASQLServerdatabasethatstoresdatabasesettingsand
metadatawiththeinstanceofSQLServerDatabaseEnginewherethedatabaseisinstalled,
andrequiresloginsinthemasterdatabaseforauthentication.
noncontiguousnamespace(n)~AnamespacebasedondifferentDNSrootdomain
names,suchasthatofmultipletreesinthesameforest.
non-customizablecomponent(n)~Acomponentthat,onceprotectedandinstalled,
cannotbemodified.
nondefaultdrag-and-dropoperation(n)~Adrag(transfer)operationwhose
interpretationisdeterminedbyauser’schoiceofcommand.Thesecommandsare
includedinashortcutmenudisplayedatthedestinationwheretheobjectisdropped.
non-deliveryreport(n)~Anotificationthatane-mailmessagewasnotdeliveredtothe
recipient.
non-directitem(n)~AnitemthatisnotcalculatedbyMasterPlanning.
NondirectionalCycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtorepresentacontinuing
sequenceofstages,tasks,oreventsinacircularflow.Eachshapehasthesamelevelof
importance.Workswellwhendirectiondoesnotneedtobeindicated.
NONEmember(n)~Adimensionmemberthatisusedforinformationthathasno
definedrelationshiptoaspecificmember.
non-enterpriseproject(n)~AprojectthathasnotbeenpublishedtoProjectServer,either
becauseitisbeingsavedbysomeonewhoisnotaprojectmanagerontheproject,or
becausethereisnotavalidconnectiontotheserver.
Nonfiction(PN)~TheBooks&referencesubcategorycontainingappswithtrue-life
storiesandothercontent.
non-generalizedimage(n)~Asoftwareimagethatyoucanapplyandrestoreonlytothe
computerwheretheimagewastaken.
nonhubbedmode(n)~Amodeinwhich(ATM)AddressResolutionProtocol/multicast
addressresolutionservice(ARP/MARS)doesnotforwardmulticastandbroadcasttraffic
formulticastgroupclients.Inthismode,theservicereturnsadynamiclistingofATM
hostscurrentlyregisteredforthemulticastgroupaddresstorequestingclients.Clientsthen
usethislisttoinitiateandestablishtheirownpoint-to-multipointvirtualconnectionswith
eachofthemembersinthemulticastlist.
Nonkeyindexcolumn(n)~Columninanonclusteredindexthatdoesnotparticipateasa
keycolumn.Rather,thecolumnisstoredintheleaf-leveloftheindexandisusedin
conjunctionwiththekeycolumnstocoveroneormorequeries.
nonleafmember(n)~Amemberwithoneormoredescendants.
nonmaskableinterrupt(n)~Ahardwareinterruptthatbypassesandtakespriorityover
interruptrequestsgeneratedbysoftwareandbythekeyboardandothersuchdevices.A
nonmaskableinterruptcannotbeoverruled(masked)byanotherservicerequestandis
issuedtothemicroprocessoronlyindisastrouscircumstances,suchasseverememory
errorsorimpendingpowerfailures.
non-negotiablecheck(n)~Anon-negotiableinstrumentorderingadraweeorganization
topayaspecifiedamountofmoneytotheholder.
non-negotiableinstrument(n)~Adocumentoftitleorwrittenorderthatcannotbe
bought,sold,exchanged,ortransferred.
nonnullableparameter(n)~AparameterwhichcannottakeaNULLvalue.
nonoperatingincome(n)~Incomethatincludesprofitsorlossesfromactivitiesthatare
notrelatedtoanorganization’scoreoperations.Examplesofnonoperatingincomeinclude
revenuefromdividendincome,profitsandlossesfrominvestmentsandforeign
exchanges,andassetwrite-downincome.
nonpagedmemory(n)~Memorythatcannotbepagedtodisk.
nonpagedpool(n)~Operatingsystemmemorythatisneverpagedtodisk.
non-peakpowerplan(n)~AConfigurationManagerpowerplanthatyoucanconfigure
withpowersettingsthatareappliedoutsidepeakhoursorbusinesshours.
Non-PlugandPlay(adj)~Pertainingtoadevice,suchasagamecontrollerorprinter,that
doesnotautomaticallyworkwhenyouplugitintoyourcomputer.Afterconnectingitto
yourcomputer,youhavetoinstallthenecessarydriversandconfigurethehardware
settings.
non-printablecharacter(n)~Acharacterusedtocontroltheformatofdisplayedor
printedinformation,ratherthantorepresentaparticularletter,digit,orotherspecial
character.Thespaceisoneofthemoreimportantnonprintingcharacters.
nonprintingcharacter(n)~Acharacterusedtocontroltheformatofdisplayedorprinted
information,ratherthantorepresentaparticularletter,digit,orotherspecialcharacter.
Thespaceisoneofthemoreimportantnonprintingcharacters.
nonprintingregion(n)~Theareaalongtheedgesofapagethatcannotbeprintedon.
Differentprintershavedifferentnonprintingregions.
non-printingrow(n)~Arowthatisincludedinthedataofareportbutthatisnotprinted
ordisplayedwhenthereportisgenerated,suchasforcomplexcalculations,orthegraphic
designofareport.
non-recoverablesalestax(n)~Asalestaxleviedonpurchasedproductsthatisnot
deductedfromthesalestaxleviedonthesaleofthepurchasedproductswhenbothsales
taxesarepaidbythesameparty.
nonrepeatableread(n)~Aninconsistencythatoccurswhenatransactionreadsthesame
rowmorethanonce,andaseparatetransactionmodifiesthatrowbetweenreads.
nonrepudiation(n)~Theuseofcryptographytoensurethatsomeoneperformingan
actiononacomputercannotfalselydenythattheyperformedthataction.Asystemwith
nonrepudiationprovidesundeniableproofthatausertookaspecificactionsuchas
transferringmoney,authorizingapurchase,orsendingamessage.
non-spacingcharacter(n)~Acharacter,suchasdiacritic,thathasnomeaningbyitself,
butoverlapsabasecharactertomodifyit.
nonsquarepixel(n)~Apixelthatgenerallyhasanaspectratioof3:4,32:27,or8:9,
meaningthatitisslightlylesstallthanitiswide,orviceversa.Nonsquarepixelsare
standardindigitalvideo.
non-transactedpipeline(n)~ApipelinethatdoesnotsupportCOM+transactions.
MtsPipelineandPooledPipelinearetheonlyobjectsthatsupportnon-transactedpipelines.
nontransitivetrust(n)~Atrustrelationshipinamultiple-domainenvironmentthatis
restrictedtojusttwodomains.Forexample,ifdomainAhasanontransitivetrustwith
domainB,anddomainBtrustsdomainC,thenthereisnotrustrelationshipbetween
domainAanddomainC.Nontransitivetrustscanbeone-wayortwo-way.
non-uniformmemoryaccess(n)~AccessbyaCPUoflocalaswellasforeignmemory.
Thisprocess,whichisenabledbyNUMAarchitecture,resultsindifferentaccessspeeds.
nonvolatilememory(n)~Astoragesystemthatdoesnotlosedatawhenpoweris
removedfromit.
nonvolatilestorage(n)~Astoragesystemthatdoesnotlosedatawhenpowerisremoved
fromit.
nonworkingtime(n)~Timedevotedtonon-workactivities.Out-of-officetime.
Non-WorkingTime(n)~Timedevotedtonon-workactivities.Out-of-officetime.
Normal(adj)~Thenameofadeviceprofilethathandlesincomingcallsbyalways
notifyingtheuser.
normal(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof400
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
normalaward(n)~Theamountofavariablecompensationawardthatiscalculatedby
theplanbeforecompanyorindividualperformanceistakenintoaccount.Thetargetaward
iswhatanemployeewillreceiveifalltargetsarereached.
normalbackup(n)~Abackupthatcopiesallselectedfilesandmarkseachfileashaving
beenbackedup(inotherwords,thearchiveattributeiscleared).
Normalstyle(n)~ThedefaultparagraphstyleusedindocumentsbasedontheNormal
template(Normal.dot).
Normaltemplate(n)~Aglobaltemplatethatyoucanuseforanytypeofdocument.You
canmodifythistemplatetochangethedefaultdocumentformattingorcontent.
normalization(n)~Theprocessoftakingasingle-tabledatabaseandbreakingitintoaset
ofsmaller,relatedtables,witheachtablefocusedonasingletopicorgroupingof
information.
normalizationfactor(n)~Afactorthatenablescomparisonsandassessmentsofdisparate
subjectsonasingleratingscale.
normalizationrule(n)~Adesignrulethatminimizesdataredundancyandresultsina
databaseinwhichtheDatabaseEngineandapplicationsoftwarecaneasilyenforce
integrity.
normalize(v)~Tominimizetheduplicationofinformationinarelationaldatabase
througheffectivetabledesign.
normalizedvalue(n)~Avaluecalculatedbydividingtheactualvaluebytheweighted
targetvalue.
NorthAmerica(PN)~TheUS-AmericangeowithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
northbridge~thechiporchipsthatconnecta-CPU-to-memory,the-PCI-bus,-Level2
cache-and-AGPactivities.TheNorthbridgechipscommunicatewiththeCPUthrough
the-FSB.otherisSouthbridge.
North-South(adj)~Anodeplacementstylethatspecifiesthatthenodesareplacednorth-
southinrelationtotheMOMManagementServer.
NOT(n)~ABooleanoperatorthatperformslogicalnegation,effectivelyreversingthe
input,ifandwhenitsinputisfalse.
notanumber(oth)~Avaluethatrepresentstheresultofaninvalidcalculation.
notapplicable(oth)~Pertainingtosomethingforwhichananswerisnotavailableor
appropriate.
notavailable(adj)~AstatuspertainingtoacallorIMrecipient,whoissignedoutof
CommunicatororwhohasselectedtheDoNotDisturbstatus.
notDPI-aware(adj)~Pertainingtoanapplicationthatalwaysrendersat96DPI.
NotForResale(oth)~Alicensepolicyunderwhichsoftwaremaybeusedfor
developmentanddemonstrationpurposesonly.
notsufficientfunds(n)~Thelackofenoughfundsinanaccounttocoverapaymentor
withdrawal.
NotSyncedview(n)~Thenameofaviewthatshowsallneworchangedrecordsthatthe
mobiledeviceuserhasentered,butnotyetsynchronized.
NotSynchronized(adj)~Aviewthatlistsalltheneworchangedinformationforarecord
typethatthemobileuserhasentered,butnotyetsynchronized.Inotherwords,the
informationcurrentlyresidesonlyonthemobiledeviceslocalstore.
notvalid(adj)~Erroneousorunrecognizablebecauseofaflawinreasoningoranerrorin
input.Invalidresults,forexample,mightoccurifthelogicinaprogramisfaulty.
note(n)~AnOutlookitemthatcanbeattachedtoarecord’shistorylog.Typicallyanote
containsinformationregardingaconversationwithacustomerorotherpeopleinthe
companytheyworkfor.
note(n)~Textenteredbytheuserthatisdisplayedtocontacts.
noteboard(n)~AnareaforstoringcommentsaboutaWebpage.Anoteboardcan
appearonaWebpageorinaseparatedialogbox.Thenotescanbeviewed,managed,and
sharedbyusingMySite.
notecontainer(n)~Aflexibleboundingboxthatcontainsthenotesthatyoutypeorpaste
onapage.
notetag(n)~Amarkerthatcanbeappliedtocontentoritems(likephotosortext)to
identifycertaintypesofinformation.Thisallowstheusertofind,viewandsorttagged
itemswithease.
notebook(n)~AgroupofOneNotesections.
Notebook(PN)~?ThespacewhereCortanastoresalloftheinformationsheknowsabout
you.
Notebook(PN)~Awebapplicationforinteractiveauthoringofliteratecomputations,in
whichexplanatorytext,mathematics,computationsandrichmediaoutputmaybe
combined,andinwhichinputandoutputarestoredinpersistentcellsthatmaybeedited
in-place,usingplaintextdocuments,callednotebooks,forrecordinganddistributingthe
resultsoftherichcomputations.
Notebook~AportablePC,withsystemunit,screenandkeyboardinoneportable
package.Alsocalleda-laptop.
notebooklayoutview(n)~AdocumentviewinWordthatenablesuserstotakenotes
moreeasily.
NotebookList(n)~AlistofOneNotenotebooksstoredonOneDrivethatyoueitherown
orissharedwithyou,andthatisavailableatOneNote.com/notebooks.
NotebookPresence(PN)~AfeaturethatbroadcastsuserpresenceinaOneNotenotebook
andsupportsreal-timesynchronizationforuserswhoareeditingthesamepage.
Notes(n)~TheheadingforafieldwhereuserscanenternotesabouttheirToDo.
NotesE-mailedToMe(oth)~Thenameofafolderthatcontainsany.onefilesthathave
beensenttoyouasane-mailmessageattachment.
notespage(n)~Aprintedpagethatdisplaysauthornotesbeneaththeslidethatthenotes
accompany.
notespane(n)~Thepaneinnormalviewinwhichyoutypenotesthatyouwantto
accompanyaslide.Youprintthesenotesasnotespagesorhavethemdisplaywhenyou
saveapresentationasaWebpage.
note-takingtool(n)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstocapturenotes,suchastext,images,
audio,videoandWebcontent.
notice(n)~Aprivacyprinciplethatrequiresreasonabledisclosuretoaconsumerofan
entity’spersonallyidentifiableinformation(PII)collectionandusepractices.This
disclosureinformationistypicallyconveyedinaprivacynoticeorprivacypolicy.Notice
isaddressedinFairInformationPractices.
notification(n)~Amessageorannouncementsenttotheuseroradministratorofa
system.Therecipientmaybeahumanoranautomatednotificationmanager.
notification(n)~Informationdisplayedtoauseraboutsomeoneelseaddinghimorherto
acontactlist,acontact’sofflineoronlinestatus,amissedconversation,voicemail
message,serviceproblem,orotheritem.
notification(n)~Acommunicationgeneratedbytheoccurrenceofaneventthatasystem
oruserasynchronouslysendsforreceipt.Anotificationmessageisacommunicationthat
isintendedtobereadbyarecipient.
notification(n)~Amessageorotherindicatorthatinformsusersofeventsthatare
unrelatedtotheircurrentactivity,suchasthenumberofnewmessagesreceivedwhile
theircomputerislocked.
notificationactivity(n)~Aworkflowactivitywithintheactionphaseofrequest
processinginwhichILM2’sendse-mailstooneormoreuserstonotifythemofthe
request.’
NotificationAPI(PN)~AWindowsAPIthatisusedforsendingusernotificationstothe
system,suchastellingthesystemthattheuserisbusy.Itprovidesintelligenceregarding
whentodrawanotificationorperformsomeothercustomaction,andmechanismsfor
anchoringthesenotificationsaroundthesystem.
notificationarea(n)~TheareaontherightsideoftheWindowstaskbar.Itcontains
shortcutstoprogramsandimportantstatusinformation.
Notificationbar(n)~AbaratthebottomoftheInternetExplorerviewpanethatalertsthe
usertostatuschangesandprovidespossibleactionstheusercantake.
notificationchannel(n)~Ashareable,server-sideobjectcapableofroutingnotifications
fromaservertoappropriatelyregisteredclients.
notificationcount(n)~Anumberintheappbartoindicatethattheuserneedstotake
someaction(suchasanalertorareminder)orthatnewactivityhasoccurred(suchasnew
mail).
notificationgroup(n)~Alistofoperatorsandscheduledavailabilityforreceivingpage
ore-mailresponses.
NotificationHubs(PN)~Thehighlyscalable,cross-platformpushnotification
infrastructurethatenablesuserstoeitherbroadcastpushnotificationstomillionsofusers
atonceortailornotificationstoindividualusers.
NotificationLanguageoption(n)~TheoptionontheSpamFilterpageforselectinga
languageotherthanEnglishforSpamQuarantinenotifications.
notificationmessage(n)~Ahuman-readablemessagesentbythebackendsystemtothe
clientuser.
notificationmessage(n)~Ane-mailmessagethatissentbyanotificationactivity.
notificationrecipient(n)~Theindividual,oraccount,towhomanotificationissent,
usuallyaDPSadministrator.
NotificationServices(PN)~AMicrosoftSQLServeradd-inthatprovidesadevelopment
frameworkandhostingserverforbuildinganddeployingnotificationapplications.
notificationsubscriber(n)~Theuserwhoreceivesnotifications.
notificationsubscriberaddress(n)~Apackagethatcontainsinformationabouthowto
reachaparticularuser.Itincludesitemssuchastheprotocoltouseandthetargetaddress.
notificationsubscription(n)~Apackagethatcontainsthenotificationsubscriber,the
notificationsubscriberaddress,andanyadditionalinformation,suchaswhentosend
specifictypesofnotifications
notificationthreshold(n)~Athresholdsetupbytheusertodeterminetheeventthatis
triggered,whenaquotylimitisreached.Examplesare:sende-mailnotifications,logan
event,runacommandorscript,orgeneratestoragereports.
notifications(n)~E-mailmessagesthatalertyouwhennewactivityhasoccurredin
particularareasofyourcommunity.
notifications(n)~Atransientmessagetotheuserontheappbar,thatcontainsrelevant,
time-sensitiveinformation,andprovidesquickaccesstothesubjectofthatcontentinan
app.
Notify(v)~ApermissionsettinginwhichCommunicatorpromptstheusertoallowor
blockanypersonordomainwhoattemptstoaddtheusertocontactlistsorsendinstant
messagestotheuser.
notifylist(n)~AlistmaintainedbytheprimarymasterforazoneofotherDNSservers
thatshouldbenotifiedwhenzonechangesoccur.ThenotifylistismadeupofIP
addressesforDNSserversconfiguredassecondarymastersforthezone.Whenthelisted
serversarenotifiedofachangetothezone,theywillinitiateazonetransferwithanother
DNSserverandupdatethezone.
Notifywhennewspamisreceivedoption(n)~Thecheckboxthathasusersreceive
periodice-mailreminderstoreviewtheirnewlyfilteredspammail.
NowPlaying(n)~AtabinWindowsMediaPlayerthatenablestheusertoviewthedigital
mediaitemthatiscurrentlyplaying.
nowplaying(PN)~Currentlyselectedmediathatisplaying.
NowPresentingpane(n)~Aclientelementthatdisplaysthenameand,optionally,a
photographofthecurrentpresenter.
NPHinsulin(n)~Anintermediate-actinginsulingiventolowerthebloodsugarlevelof
diabetics.
NSControl(n)~ThecommandpromptutilityforadministeringNotificationServices
instancesandapplications.
ntext(n)~Avariable-lengthdatatypethatcanholdamaximumof2^30-1
(1,073,741,823)characters.
NTFS(n)~AnadvancedfilesystemdesignedforusespecificallywiththeWindowsNT
operatingsystem.Itsupportslongfilenames,fullsecurityaccesscontrol,filesystem
recovery,extremelylargestoragemedia,andvariousfeaturesfortheWindowsNTPOSIX
subsystem.Italsosupportsobject-orientedapplicationsbytreatingallfilesasobjectswith
user-definedandsystem-definedattributes.
NTFSfilesystem(n)~Anadvancedfilesystemdesignedforusespecificallywiththe
WindowsNToperatingsystem.Itsupportslongfilenames,fullsecurityaccesscontrol,file
systemrecovery,extremelylargestoragemedia,andvariousfeaturesfortheWindowsNT
POSIXsubsystem.Italsosupportsobject-orientedapplicationsbytreatingallfilesas
objectswithuser-definedandsystem-definedattributes.
n-tier(adj)~Pertainingtosomethingwithnlayers.
n-tierarchitecture~n’representsthenumberoftiersinanapplicationarchitecture.
Often,thiswillbeatwo-orthree-tierclient/serverarchitecture.Athree-tierclient/server
platformarchitectureisdefinedsuchthattheserver-basedapplicationsareseparatedfrom
theDBMSordatarepository.
NTLM(n)~Aprotocolusingachallenge-responsemechanismforauthenticationinwhich
clientsareabletoverifytheiridentitieswithoutsendingapasswordtotheserver.It
consistsofthreemessages,commonlyreferredtoasType1(negotiation),Type2
(challenge)andType3(authentication).
NTP(oth)~Astandardtaxonomy(v1.0basedonXBRL2.1andIFRS)thatisdefinedfor
allbusinessesoperatingintheNetherlandsforreportingfinancial,tax,andstatisticaldata
togovernmentagencies.
NTSC(n)~ThedominanttelevisionstandardintheUnitedStatesandJapan.TheNational
TelevisionSystemCommittee(NTSC)delivers30interlacedframespersecondat525
linesofresolution.ItisthesponsoroftheNTSCstandardforencodingcolor,acoding
systemcompatiblewithblack-and-whitesignals,andthesystemusedforcolor
broadcastingintheUnitedStates.
NTSCDV-AVI(n)~MoviefileformatforcapturedvideostreamsfromaDVcamera.
UsestheNTSCtelevisionstandardasopposedtoPALformat.
nudge(v)~Tomoveanobjectonepixelatatime.
nudge(n)~Atoolthatenablesausertogetanotheruser’sattentionbyshakingtheuser’s
conversationwindowandplayingasound.
Nudge(PN)~Thecheckboxthatenablesordisablestheplayingofasoundwhenanudge
isreceived.
Nudity(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
nuisancecall(n)~Anytypeofunwanted,unsolicited,telephonecall.Commontypesof
nuisancecallsincludeprankcalls,telemarketingcalls,andsilentcalls.
nuke~Tointentionallydeletetheentirecontentsofagivendirectory,harddrive,or
storagevolume.
Nuker~Nowagenerictermforseveral-TCP/IP-DoS-attacks,butoriginallymade
(in)famousbytheWinNukeDoSattackwhichcrashedWindowsmachinesthathadnot
beensuitablypatchedorfirewalled.
NUL(n)~Acharactercodewithanullvalue;literally,acharactermeaningnothing.’
Althoughitisrealinthesenseofbeingrecognizable
NUL(n)~Adevice
null(adj)~Pertainingtoavaluethatindicatesmissingorunknowndata.
null~Whenavariablehasnovalue,itconsideredtobenull.Havinganullvalueis
differentthanhavingavalueof0,since0isanactualvalue.However,whenusedina
booleantest,bothnullandzeroresultinaFALSEvalue.
nullcharacter(n)~Acharactercodewithanullvalue;literally,acharactermeaning
nothing.’Althoughitisrealinthesenseofbeingrecognizable
nullfield(n)~AfieldcontainingaNullvalue.Anullfieldisn’tthesameasafieldthat
containsazero-lengthstring(‘)orafieldwithavalueof0.’
nullkey(n)~Anullvaluethatisencounteredinakeycolumn.
nullmodem(n)~Specialcablingthateliminatesthemodem’sneedforasynchronous
communicationsbetweentwocomputersovershortdistances.Anullmodemcable
emulatesmodemcommunication.
nullobject(n)~Anobjectwithnomembers.
nullpointer(n)~Apointertonothing:usuallyastandardizedmemoryaddress,suchas0.
Anullpointerusuallymarksthelastofalinearsequenceofpointersorindicatesthata
datasearchoperationhascomeupempty.
nullreference(n)~InC++,areferencethathasnotbeenassignedanobject.
nullableproperty(n)~ApropertywhichcontrolsifafieldcanhaveaNULLvalue.
nullabletype(n)~InC#,aninstanceoftheSystem.Nullablestructthatcanrepresentthe
normalrangeofvaluesforitsunderlyingvaluetype,plusanadditionalnullvalue.
NUMA(n)~AccessbyaCPUoflocalaswellasforeignmemory.Thisprocess,whichis
enabledbyNUMAarchitecture,resultsindifferentaccessspeeds.
NUMAarchitecture(n)~Amultiprocessorarchitecturethatdividesasystemintonodes.
Eachnodemightincludeoneormoreprocessors,somememory,andabus.Anode’s
memoryislocal’toitsprocessors
NUMA-AwareScalability(PN)~AnIISfeaturethatenablesaprocessortosuccessfully
handlegrowingworkloadsbyusingNUMAarchitecture.
number(n)~Asequenceofalphanumericcharactersinanumbersystem.
numbernormalization(n)~Theprocessofconvertinguserphonenumbersofdiffereing
formatsintonumericstringsofuniformformat.
numberofevents(oth)~Inconsolidated-events,howmanyeventsareinthegroupand
thereforerelatedtothesamerootproblem.
numberofposts(n)~Thetotalnumber(thevolume)ofpostsinasetoffilters/dataset.
NumberofQueriesreport(n)~AWebanalyticsreportthatprovidesinformationonthe
numbersearchesperformed.
numberpattern(n)~Aspecificphonenumberorareacodethatusersentertorestrictthe
devicetofixeddialing.
NUMBERSIGN(n)~The#character.
numbersign(n)~The#character.
numbersystem(n)~Anysystemforrepresentingnumbers.Thefournumbersystems
availablearedecimal,hexadecimal,octal,andbinary.
numberedlist(n)~Alistinwhicheachitemorblockoftextisprecededbyanumber.
Numberedlist(PN)~TheSwaybuttonthatallowsuserstocreateanumberedlistoutof
theirtext.
numericarray(n)~Anarraycomposedofacollectionofkeysandacollectionofvalues,
whereeachkeyisassociatedwithonevalue.Thevaluescanbeofanytype,butthekeys
mustbenumeric.
numericexpression(n)~Anyexpressionthatevaluatestoanumber.Theexpressioncan
beanycombinationofvariables,constants,functions,andoperators.
numerickeypad(n)~Acalculator-styleblockofkeys,usuallyattherightsideofa
keyboard,thatcanbeusedtoenternumbers.
numericpictureswitch(n)~Aswitch(\#)orinstructionthatspecifieshowMicrosoft
Wordwilldisplaythenumericresultofafield.
nvarchar(PN)~Thevariable-lengthdatatypewithamaximumof4,000Unicode
characters.
NWLink(n)~TheMicrosoftimplementationoftheInternetworkPacket
Exchange/SequencedPacketExchange(IPX/SPX)protocolusedonNetWarenetworks.
NWLinkallowsconnectivitybetweenWindows-basedcomputersandNetWarenetworks
runningIPX/SPX.NWLinkalsoprovidesnetworkbasicinput/outputsystem(NetBIOS)
functionalityandtheRoutingInformationProtocol(RIP).
NWLinkIPX/SPX/NetBIOSCompatibleTransportProtocol(n)~TheMicrosoft
implementationoftheInternetworkPacketExchange/SequencedPacketExchange
(IPX/SPX)protocolusedonNetWarenetworks.NWLinkallowsconnectivitybetween
Windows-basedcomputersandNetWarenetworksrunningIPX/SPX.NWLinkalso
providesnetworkbasicinput/outputsystem(NetBIOS)functionalityandtheRouting
InformationProtocol(RIP).
Nx64k~Thisreferstoacircuitbandwidthorspeedprovidedbytheaggregationofnx64
kbpschannels(wheren=integer1).
nym(server)~Acomputerthatallowsasubscribingusertosendandreceivee-mail
messagesusinganym,orassumedname,withoutrevealingtheuser’strueidentity.
NZD(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofNewZealand.
O~
Onotation(n)~Anindicationoftherelativeperformanceofanalgorithm.Analgorithm
orthemethodthatimplementsitissaidtobeO(1)ifitsexecutionisaconstant,O(logn)if
itsexecutionisproportionaltothenaturallogofn,orO(n)ifitsexecutionisproportional
ton.Onotationisfrequentlyusedasawaytocomparetherelativeperformanceof
operationsoncollections,inwhichcasenisusuallythenumberofelementsinthe
collection.
O/RDesigner(PN)~AtoolthatprovidesavisualdesignsurfaceforcreatingLINQto
SQLentityclassesandassociations(relationships)basedonobjectsinadatabase.The
ObjectRelationalDesigneralsoprovidesfunctionalitytomapstoredproceduresand
functionstoSystem.Data.Linq.DataContextmethodsforreturningdataandmanipulating
entityclasses.
OAB(n)~Asnapshotofinformationfromanaddressbookthathasbeendownloadedso
thatanOutlookusercanaccessitwhiledisconnectedfromtheserver.Itcontainsthe
propertiesofauser,suchase-mailaddresses,thatOutlookrequirestosendane-mail
messageanddisplayinformationaboutthesender.
OABdistribution(n)~Themethodbywhichtheofflineaddressbook(OAB)canbe
accessedbyuserswhentheyareworkingremotelyoroveradial-upconnection.To
distributetheOAB,administratorscanuseWeb-baseddistribution,publicfolder
distribution,orboth.PublicfolderdistributionisrequiredforOutlook2003orearlier
clients.
OABdistributionpoint(n)~TheHTTPWebaddressorpublicfolderwhereclient
computerscandownloadanofflineaddressbook.Publicfolderdistributionisrequiredfor
Outlook2003orearlierclients.
OABgeneration(n)~TheprocessbywhichExchangeServercreatesandupdatesthe
OAB.AdministratorscandefinewhentheOABgenerationprocesswillrun.
OAuth(PN)~Anopenstandardforauthorizationwhichallowsuserstoshareresources
storedononesitewithanothersitewithouthavingtosharecredentials.
OAuthClientID(PN)~AtypeofclientIDthatallowsOpenAuthorization(OAuth).
OAuthtoken(n)~AnentityencapsulatingthesecuritycredentialsforanOAuthlogin
session.
Obfuscation(n)~Insoftwaredevelopment,thedeliberateactofcreatingobfuscatedcode
tomakeitdifficultforhumanstounderstandandconcealitspurposeoritslogic,to
preventtampering,deterreverseengineering,orasapuzzleorrecreationalchallengefor
someonereadingthesourcecode.
object(n)~Anentity,suchasafile,folder,sharedfolder,printer,orActiveDirectory
object,describedbyadistinct,namedsetofattributes.Forexample,theattributesofaFile
objectincludeitsname,location,andsize;theattributesofanActiveDirectoryUser
objectmightincludetheuser’sfirstname,lastname,ande-mailaddress.
object(n)~Inobject-orientedprogramming,aninstanceofaclass.Anobjectcomprises
dataandmethodsthatactonthedata,andistreatedasadiscreteentity.
object(n)~Atable,chart,graphic,equation,orotherformofinformation.
object(n)~Adrawing,image,shape,text,orotherformofinformationthathasbeen
addedtotheartboard.
object(n)~AnentitywithinSQLServer.
object(n)~Anentityinagraphedgethattheactionisperformedon.
objectanchor(n)~Aformatcodeinadesktoppublishingorwordprocessingdocument
thatkeepsanelementinthedocument,suchasafigureoracaptionoralabelassociated
withthefigure,inacertainpositioninthedocument.Theanchoredobjectisgenerally
attachedtoanotherelementinthedocument.
objectbrowser(PN)~Adialogboxthatdisplaysinformationaboutobjects,properties,
methods,andconstantsinthecurrentprojectandinreferencedobjectlibraries,andthat
youusetosearchforanelement,gethelponit,orpasteitintoamodule.
ObjectBrowser(PN)~Adialogboxthatdisplaysinformationaboutobjects,properties,
methods,andconstantsinthecurrentprojectandinreferencedobjectlibraries,andthat
youusetosearchforanelement,gethelponit,orpasteitintoamodule.
objectcacheGCcount(n)~Thetotalnumberofobjectsfromtheobjectcachethathave
beenremovedfrommemorybythegarbagecollector.
objectcachelivecount(n)~Thetotalnumberofobjectsthatarecurrentlyactiveinthe
objectcache.Theseobjectscanquicklyberetrievedfromthecache.
objectcaching(n)~Atypeofcachingthatallowsareferencetoanobjecttoremain
accessiblewhentheusernavigatestoanewdomain.
objectclass(n)~Acategoryofobjectsthatshareacommonsetofcharacteristics.
objectconstruction(n)~ACOM+serviceavailableto.NETFrameworkclassesthat
passesapersistentstringvaluetoaclassinstanceonconstructionoftheinstance.
objectcontext(n)~Theentitycontainerdefinedintheconceptualschema.Itcontainsa
connectiontotheunderlyingdatastoreandprovidesservicessuchaschangetracking.
Objectdatatype(n)~Afundamentaldatatyperepresentinganyobjectthatcanbe
recognizedbyVisualBasic.AlthoughyoucandeclareanyobjectvariableastypeObject,
itisbesttodeclareobjectvariablesaccordingtotheirspecifictypes.
ObjectDependenciespane(n)~Apanethatshowsobjectsthathaveadependencyonthe
selectedobject.Alsoshowsobjectsonwhichtheselectedobjecthasdependencies.
objectdependency(n)~Adependencyattheobjectlevel.
ObjectDescriptionLanguage(n)~Ascriptinglanguageusedtodescribeexposed
libraries,objects,types,andinterfaces.ODLscriptsarecompiledintotypelibrariesbythe
MIDLcompiler.
ObjectExplorer(PN)~ThesectionoftheVisualStudiointegrateddevelopment
environment(IDE)thatcontainsnodesthatrepresentdatabaseobjects.
objectfile(n)~Afilecontainingobjectcodeand/ordatageneratedbyacompileroran
assemblerfromthesourcecodeofaprogram.
objectflow(n)~Inanactivitydiagram,adashedarrowthatindicatesthatanobjectis
inputoroutputbyanaction.Anobjectflowarrowconnectsanobjectflowstateeithertoa
controlflowarrowortoanactionstate.
objectflowstate(n)~Inanactivitydiagram,astatethatdefinesanobjectflowbetween
actions.Anobjectflowstatesignifiestheavailabilityofaninstanceofaclassifierina
givenstate,usuallyastheresultofanoperation.
objectframe(n)~Acontrolyouplaceonaformorreporttocontainanobject.
objecthandler(n)~ADLLloadedintoanOLEcontainer’sprocessspacethatactson
behalfofalocalserver.Theobjecthandlerrespondstocontainerrequeststhatdonot
requiretheattentionoftheserver,suchasrequestsfordrawing.
objectID(n)~Anattributetypeinwhichthevalueoftheattributeisagloballyunique
identifier(GUID)assignedbyILM2’toeachresourcewhenitiscreated.’
objectidentifier(n)~Anattributetypeinwhichthevalueoftheattributeisaglobally
uniqueidentifier(GUID)assignedbyILM2’toeachresourcewhenitiscreated.’
objectinstate(n)~Inanactivitydiagram,anobjectthatismanipulatedbyanumberof
successiveactivities.Eachappearanceoftheobjectindicatesadifferentphaseinitslife.
objectinitializer(n)~Asetofname/valuepairsorunnamedvariableinitializersthatare
assignedtothepublicfieldsofanobjectinthesamestatementinwhichtheobjectis
declared.
objectlayout(n)~Thepositioningofanobject,suchasachart,shape,imageortextbox,
onapage,alongwithrelatedoptionssuchastext-wrappingstyles.
objectlibrary(n)~Afilethatcontainsdefinitionsofobjectsandtheirmethodsand
properties.
objectlifeline(n)~Inasequencediagram,arepresentationoftheexistenceofanobjectat
aparticulartime.Iftheobjectiscreatedordestroyedduringthetimeperiodthediagram
represents,thenthelifelinestopsorstartsattheappropriatepoint.
objectlifetime(n)~Thespanoftimeacachedobjectresidesincacheandisavailableto
beretrievedbycacheclients.Theobjectexpireswhenitslifetimeends.Expiredobjects
cannotberetrievedbycacheclients,butremaininmemoryofthecachehostuntiltheyare
evicted.Specifiedastimetolive(TTL).
objectlinkingandembedding(n)~Atechnologyfortransferringandsharing
informationamongapplications.Whenanobject,suchasanimagefilecreatedwitha
paintprogram,islinkedtoacompounddocument,suchasaspreadsheetoradocument
createdwithawordprocessingprogram,thedocumentcontainsonlyareferencetothe
object;anychangesmadetothecontentsofalinkedobjectwillbeseeninthecompound
document.Whenanobjectisembeddedinacompounddocument,thedocumentcontains
acopyoftheobject;anychangesmadetothecontentsoftheoriginalobjectwillnotbe
seeninthecompounddocumentunlesstheembeddedobjectisupdated.
ObjectLinkingandEmbeddingDatabase(PN)~Acomponentdatabasearchitecture
thatprovidesefficientnetworkandInternetaccesstomanytypesofdatasources,
includingrelationaldata,mailfiles,flatfiles,andspreadsheets.OLEDBcomprisesa
specializedsetofCOMinterfacesthatexposedatafromavarietyofdatastores,both
relationalandnonrelational.
objectlinkingandembeddingforPOS(n)~Awidely-adoptedPOSdevicestandard
initiatedbyMicrosoft,NCR,Epson,andFujitsu-ICLtohelpintegratePOShardwareinto
applicationsfortheWindows-„¢familyofoperatingsystems.
objectmodel(n)~Ahierarchicalsetofobjectsanditsmembers-methods,properties,and
events-thataparticularcomponentprovides.
objectmodeldiagram(n)~Agraphicalrepresentationoftheobjectsandcollectionsthat
arecontainedwithinaspecifiedobjectmodel.
objectowner(n)~Thesecurityaccountwithspecialpermissionsforanobject,usuallythe
creatoroftheobject.
ObjectPalette(PN)~AtabintheToolboxwhereyoucangotoinsertobjectsintoyour
document.
objectpath(n)~Aformattedstringusedtoaccessnamespaces,classes,andinstances.
Eachobjectonthesystemhasauniquepaththatidentifiesitlocallyoroverthenetwork.
ObjectpathsareconceptuallysimilartoUniversalResourceLocators(URL).
objectpermission(n)~Apermittedcreate,read,update,delete,orexecuteoperationona
securableobject.
objectpooling(n)~AnautomaticserviceprovidedbyCOM+thatenablesyouto
configureacomponentsothatinstancesofitselfarekeptactiveinapool,readytobeused
byanyclientthatrequeststhecomponent.
objectprotectionlevel(n)~Theintegritylevelofanobject,storedinatokenoran
object’ssystemaccesscontrollist(SACL).Theaccesscheckalgorithmusestheobject
protectionleveltoperformMandatoryIntegrityControl(MIC).
objectquery(n)~AqueryexecutedagainstanEDMwithinanobjectcontextthatreturns
dataasobjects.
ObjectRelationalDesigner(PN)~Atoolthatprovidesavisualdesignsurfacefor
creatingLINQtoSQLentityclassesandassociations(relationships)basedonobjectsina
database.TheObjectRelationalDesigneralsoprovidesfunctionalitytomapstored
proceduresandfunctionstoSystem.Data.Linq.DataContextmethodsforreturningdata
andmanipulatingentityclasses.
objectscope(n)~Asetofobjectsaboutwhicharequestcanbesubmitted.
ObjectServices(PN)~TheservicesprovidedbytheEntityFrameworkthatenable
applicationcodetooperateonentitiesintermsof.NETFrameworkobjects.
objecttab(n)~Atabthatyouusetodisplayorworkwithadatabaseobject,suchasa
table,query,form,orreport.
ObjectTestBench(n)~Atoolthatcreatesinstancesofaproject’sobjects,callstheir
methods,andevaluatestheresults.
ObjectTestBench(PN)~AVisualJ#featurethatisdesignedforsimpleobject-level
testing.
objecttype(n)~Anopaquedatastructurethatdefinesaprotectedentitythatis
implementedandmanipulatedbytheoperatingsystem.Forexample,thesystemservice
thatreadsafileoperatesonanopenfileobject.
objecttype(n)~ApartofaschemathatdefinestherepresentationofaresourceinILM
2’.’
objecttypemapping(n)~Arelationshipbetweenanobjecttypethatisusedtorepresent
aresourceinILM2’andanobjectclassthatisusedtorepresentthatobjectinthe
metaverse.’
objectvariable(n)~Avariablethatcontainsareferencetoanobject.
ObjectVisualizationConfiguration(n)~ConfigurationobjectsthatareusedtorenderUI
intheUniversalObjectControlforauthoringaspecificobjecttypeinILM2’.’
objectzoom(n)~Aviewthatshowsaclose-upofanobjectwithinadocument.
object-actionparadigm(n)~Thebasicinteractionmodelfortheuserinterfaceinwhich
theobjecttobeacteduponisspecifiedfirst,followedbythecommandtobeexecuted.
objective(n)~Agroupofkeyperformanceindicators(KPIs)thatcorrespondtothe
functionalareasorstrategicinitiativesofanorganization.
objectiveKPI(n)~AKPIthatderivesitstargetvalueandscorefromarollupofitschild
KPIs.
object-levelkeyframe(n)~Atypeofkeyframethatappliestoentireobjects,suchasa
rectangleobject,oragridthatcontainsmultipleobjects.
ObjectLink(n)~AnOLEdataformatthatdescribesalinkedobject,identifyingtheclass,
documentname,andnameofanobject.Eachofthesedataitemsisanull-terminated
string.
object-oriented(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orbeingasystemorlanguagethatsupportsthe
useofobjects.
object-orienteddatabase(n)~Aflexibledatabasethatsupportstheuseofabstractdata
types,objects,andclassesandthatcanstoreawiderangeofdata,oftenincludingsound,
video,andgraphics,inadditiontotextandnumbers.Someobject-orienteddatabases
allowdataretrievalproceduresandrulesforprocessingdatatobestoredalongwiththe
dataorinplaceofthedata.Thisallowsthedatatobestoredinareasotherthaninthe
physicaldatabase,whichisoftendesirablewhenthedatafilesarelarge,suchasthosefor
videofiles.
Objects(in100s)(PN)~TheunitofmeasureforActiveDirectoryobjects.
ObjectsandTimeline(n)~Theareaoftheworkspacethatdisplaysalloftheobjectson
theartboardandtheanimationtimeline.
objectsview(n)~Thelistofobjectsthatappearontheartboard.Thislistshowsthe
generalstructureofthecontentontheartboard,reflectingZ-orderormarkuporderaswell
asnesting.
ObjectSpaces(n)~AnObject/RelationalmappingtoolfullyintegratedwithMicrosoft
ADO.NETandMicrosoft.NETtechnologiesthatputsanabstractionlayerbetweenyour
businesstierandtheraw-datatierwherethephysicalconnectiontothedatasourceis
handled.
obligation(n)~Alegallybindingcommitment.
oblique(adj)~Describingastyleoftextcreatedbyslantingaromanfonttosimulate
italicswhenatrueitalicfontisn’tavailableonthecomputerorprinter.
observational(adj)~Pertainingtodatathatrepresentsasetofobservationsandtheir
associatedspace-timeregions,typicallyontheearth.
obsolete(adj)~Pertainingtoasoftwarefeature,componentortechnologythathasnot
beenenhancedorupdatedinseveralproductreleasesandthatwillbeexcludedfrom
futureproductreleases.Obsoletetechnologiesmightnotbesupported.
occupationcode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsthetypeofworkperformedbyanemployee
withintheorganization.
occupationalillness(n)~Anillnesscausedbyexposuretoenvironmentalfactorsinthe
workenvironment.
occupationalinjury(n)~Aninjuryresultingfromanaccidentintheworkenvironment.
OCR(oth)~Amethodoftranslatingimagesofprintedtextintomachine-encodedtext.
OCR~(OpticalCharacterRecognition)-Aprogramwhichattemptstoconvertascanned
image(ieapicture)oftextintotextthatcanbeeditedinawordprocessor.Theresultis
rarely100%accurateandmustbecarefullyproofread,butitcansavealotofretyping.
OCRline(n)~Alineofcharactersthatisreadbyspecialcharacterrecognitionequipment
andtranslatedintocomputertext.
OCRreferencecontrol(n)~AservicefromBGCthatconfirmsthevalidityofanOCR
referencenumberintheBGMaxfile.Theusercanconfirmonlythedigitsoralsoconfirm
thecharacterlength.
OCSP(n)~Aprotocolthatallowsreal-timevalidationofacertificate’sstatusbyhaving
theCryptoAPImakeacalltoanOCSPresponderandtheOCSPresponderprovidingan
immediatevalidationoftherevocationstatusforthepresentedcertificate.Typically,an
OCSPresponderrespondswiththerevocationstatuscheckrequestbasedonthecertificate
revocationlist(CRL)orotherformsofrevocationstatusitretrievesfromthecertification
authorities.
OCSPresponder(n)~AcomputeronwhichtheOnlineResponderserviceandOnline
Responderwebproxyarerunning.
OCSPresponderservice(n)~AservicethatispartoftheOnlineResponderroleservice
andthatdecodesarevocationstatusrequestforaspecificcertificate,evaluatesthestatus
ofthiscertificate,andsendsbackasignedresponsecontainingtherequestedcertificate
statusinformation.
OCT(n)~Aone-stopshopforcustomizingOfficedeploymentandsetupbehaviors.
OCT(n)~Animagingmethodusedtoobtainhighresolutioncross-sectionalimagesofthe
retina.
octal(adj)~Thebase-8numbersystemconsistingofthedigits0through7,fromtheLatin
octo,meaningeight’.Theoctalsystemisusedinprogrammingasacompactmeansof
representingbinarynumbers.’
octalescapesequence(n)~Inregularexpressions,abackslashfollowedbyone,two,or
threeoctaldigits(0-7).Itmatchesacharacterinthetargetsequencethathasthevaluethat
isspecifiedbythosedigits.
octet(n)~Aunitofdatathatconsistsofexactly8bits,regardlessofthenumberofbitsa
computerusestorepresentasmallamountofinformationsuchasacharacter.
ODataConnector(n)~AfeaturethatenablesconnectivityfromSharePointtoexternal
systemsthatusetheODataprotocol.
ODataExtensionProvider(PN)~ABusinessConnectivityServicesfeaturethatenables
developerstoextendfunctionalitythatisprovidedbytheODataconnector.
ODBC(n)~IntheMicrosoftWOSA(WindowsOpenSystemArchitecture)structure,an
interfaceprovidingacommonlanguageforWindowsapplicationstogainaccesstoa
databaseonanetwork.
ODBCdatasource(n)~Dataandtheinformationneededtoaccessthatdatafrom
programsanddatabasesthatsupporttheOpenDatabaseConnectivity(ODBC)protocol.
ODBCdatabase(n)~AdatabaseforwhichanOpenDatabaseConnectivity(ODBC)
driverthatyoucanuseforimporting,linkingto,orexportingdataissupplied.
ODBCdriver(n)~Aprogramfileusedtoconnecttoaparticulardatabase.Eachdatabase
program,suchasAccessordBASE,ordatabasemanagementsystem,suchasSQLServer,
requiresadifferentdriver.
ODBCresourcedispenser(n)~ADLLthatmanagespoolsofdatabaseconnectionsfor
COM+componentsthatusethestandardopendatabaseconnectivity(ODBC)
programminginterfaces.
ODCfile(n)~Afilethatstoresinformationaboutaconnectiontoadatasource,suchas
anAccessdatabase,spreadsheet,ortextfile,andthatfacilitatesdatasource
administration.
oddparity(n)~Paritybitsetsothatthereisanoddnumberof1bits.
ODL(n)~Ascriptinglanguageusedtodescribeexposedlibraries,objects,types,and
interfaces.ODLscriptsarecompiledintotypelibrariesbytheMIDLcompiler.
ODM(n)~Amanufacturerthatdesignsandmanufacturesitsownproductsandsellsthem
toothercompanieswithestablishedbrandnames.Establishedbrandnamecompaniesadd
theirlogosandsellODMproductsastheirown.
ODSlibrary(n)~AsetofCfunctionsthatmakesanapplicationaserver.ODSlibrary
callsrespondtorequestsfromaclientinaclient/servernetwork.Alsomanagesthe
communicationanddatabetweentheclientandtheserver.ODSlibraryfollowsthetabular
datastream(TDS)protocol.
ODSlogfile(n)~AlogfileusedtostoreOpenDataServices(ODS)errormessages.The
defaultlogfileforODSisSrv.log.
OEAT(PN)~Acomprehensivescanningtoolthathelpsassessyourconfigurationandthe
compatibilityofexistingadd-insandapplicationsinyourenvironmentwithOfficepriorto
deployment.
OEM~(OriginalEquipmentManufacturer)-Acompanythatactuallybuildscomputers,
asopposedtojustretailingthem.‘OEMsoftware’isordinarysoftwareboughtinbulkata
discountbytheOEMandpre-installedonanewmachines,usuallywithoutprinted
manuals.OEMsoftwarecannotlegallybesoldseparatelyfromacomputer,sowhen
offeredforsaleathugediscountsiseitherpirated,ornotwhatitclaimstobe.
OEMActivation(n)~Technologythathelpsrestrictlegitimatelylicensedoperating
systemsoftwaretousewiththecomputersystemuponwhichitwasoriginallydistributed
byaroyaltyOEM,allinaccordancewiththelicenserightsgrantedintheapplicable
MicrosoftSoftwareLicenseTerms.
OEMbranding(n)~Theinclusionofacompanyname,logo,supportinformation,and
HelpfilesintotheMicrosoftWindowsinstallation.
OEMLicenseAgreement(n)~AlegalagreementbetweenMicrosoftLicensing,Inc.,and
OEMs,regardingthetermsofpreinstalling,customizing,anddistributingMicrosoft
WindowsXP.Forsystembuilders,thecorrespondingagreementisaffixedtothesideof
everyOEMDistributionPack.Byopeningthepackage,youagreetoallthetermsofthe
MicrosoftOEMSystemBuilderAgreement.ForroyaltyOEMs,thelicenseagreementisa
signedcontract.Thespecificrequirementsandcustomizationoptionsthatapplytoeither
orbothlicenseagreementsaredocumentedintheOPKUser’sGuide.
OEMlink(n)~AlinkontheStartmenuwhereOEMscanplaceanydesiredlinksor
shortcuts.
OEMmanufacturer(n)~Themakerofapieceofequipment.Inmakingcomputersand
relatedequipment,manufacturersoforiginalequipmenttypicallypurchasecomponents
fromothermanufacturersoforiginalequipment,integratethemintotheirownproducts,
andthenselltheproductstothepublic.
OEMpicks(PN)~Acollectionofitems(suchasappsandgames)selectedbyadevice
manufacturer.
OEMPreinstallationKit(n)~Asetoftools,documentation,andsamplesthatenable
OEMstopreinstallWindowsefficientlyonnewcomputersaccordingtothetermsofthe
OEMLicensingAgreement.
OEMSetupAnalyzer(PN)~AWindowsextensibletoolthatisusedbybothMicrosoft
andOEMstohaveacommondepthanalysisofthefirstbootexperienceandaddressany
issues.
OffWork(PN)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusdrop-downmenu.Thisisastatusthe
usercanselecttosaythatheorsheisnotworkingrightnow,butisonpersonaltime.
off-axis(adj)~Oneofthepresetsfor3Drotationeffects.Whenselected,specifiesthatthe
objectwillberotatedoff-axis.
offer(n)~Asetofinformationthatdescribesthedetailsofasubscription.
offer(n)~AsetofinformationthatdescribesthedetailsofasubscriptiontoOffice365.
OfferHyperlinkText(PN)~Thetextofthehyperlinkthatwillappearinanemail
marketingemailmessagesthatlinkstotheofferdescription.
OfferURL(PN)~TheoptionalURLtotheuser-managedofferpages.
offering(n)~Somethingthatisofferedtoaclientorcustomer,ortheactofoffering.
Office2007EmbeddedStorage(PN)~Anextensionmodulethatstoresinformation
(metadata)withinOffice2007files.
Office365admincenter(PN)~Thewebportalfromwhicheachcompany’sservice
administratorcanmanageuseraccountsandsettingsforeachoftheOffice365servicesto
whichtheysubscribe.
Office365APIs(PN)~AsetofwebservicesbuiltontopoftheOffice365platformthat
makesavailableOffice365componentsordata,suchasdocuments,spreadsheets,
presentations,calendars,mail,contacts,andtasks.Theseservicesareavailablefrom
withinappsforOffice,appsforSharePoint,andalsofromthird-partysitesorapplications
whowanttouseOffice365components,butarehostedonanotherplatform,suchas
MicrosoftAzure.
Office365Business(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionthatprovidesWord,Excel,
PowerPoint,Outlook,andPublisherandthatincludesOneDriveandcannotbelicensed
formorethan300usersperorganization.
Office365BusinessEssentials(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionthatprovidesasuiteof
cloudservicesthatincludesExchangeOnline,SharePointOnline,LyncOnline,andOffice
Onlineandcannotbelicensedformorethan300usersperorganization.
Office365BusinessPremium(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptiontoWord,Excel,
PowerPoint,Outlook,andPublisherthatalsoincludescloudservicessuchasExchange
Online,LyncOnline,andSharePointOnlineandcannotbelicensedformorethan300
usersperorganization.
Office365ComplianceAdminCenter(n)~AnadministrativeportalintheOffice365
suitethatofferscompliancefeaturesforOffice365services.
Office365Developer(n)~ApersonwhodevelopsapplicationsthatrunonOffice365.
Office365EducationE1forFaculty(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionforfacultythat
allowsthemtoaccesscommunicationandcollaborationtoolsfromvirtuallyanywhere,at
anytimeandthatincludesdocumentviewingandlightweighteditingwithOfficeOnline.
Office365EducationE1forStudents(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionforstudents
thatallowsthemtoaccesscommunicationandcollaborationtoolsfromvirtually
anywhere,atanytimeandthatincludesdocumentviewingandlightweighteditingwith
OfficeOnline.
Office365EducationE3forFaculty(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionthatprovides
facultyandstaffwiththefamiliarOfficedesktopsuiteofapps,aswellasOfficeOnline,
documentsharingandcollaboration,instantmessagingandenterprise-classemail,while
includingvoicemailandadvancedarchivingcapabilities.
Office365EducationE3forStudents(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionthatprovides
studentswiththefamiliarOfficedesktopsuiteofapps,aswellasOfficeOnline,document
sharingandcollaboration,instantmessagingandenterprise-classemailandincludesvoice
mailandadvancedarchivingcapabilities.
Office365EducationE4forFaculty(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionthatprovides
facultyandstaffwiththefamiliarOfficedesktopapps,aswellasOfficeOnline,document
sharingandcollaboration,instantmessagingandenterprise-classemail,whileincluding
advancedarchivingcapabilitiesandenterprisevoicecapabilities.
Office365EducationE4forStudents(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionthatprovides
studentswiththefamiliarOfficedesktopapps,aswellasOfficeOnline,documentsharing
andcollaboration,instantmessagingandenterprise-classemail,whileincludingadvanced
archivingcapabilitiesandenterprisevoicecapabilities.
Office365Enterprise(PN)~Asubscriptionofferingthatprovidesanonlineservice
versionofthefamiliarOfficedesktopsuite,pluscloud-basedversionsofcommunications
andcollaborationservicessuchasExchangeOnline,SharePointOnline,andLyncOnline,
andotherenterprise-levelfeatures.
Office365EnterpriseE1(n)~AnOffice365onlinesubscriptionforbusinessesthatneed
communicationandcollaborationtoolsaccessiblefromPCs,theWebandmobiledevices.
Office365EnterpriseE1(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionfor
governmentorganizationsthatneedcommunicationandcollaborationtoolsandtheability
toreadanddolightweighteditingofdocumentswiththeOfficeOnlinethatishostedin
thecommercialcloudenvironment.
Office365EnterpriseE1Trial(n)~Alimited-daytrialforanOffice365online
subscriptionforbusinessesthatneedcommunicationandcollaborationtoolsaccessible
fromPCs,theWebandmobiledevices.
Office365EnterpriseE2(n)~AnOffice365onlinesubscriptionforbusinessesthatneed
communicationandcollaborationtoolsandtheabilitytoreadanddolightweightediting
ofdocumentswiththeOfficeWebApps.
Office365EnterpriseE3(n)~AnOffice365onlinesubscriptionforbusinessesthatneed
fullproductivity,communicationandcollaborationtoolswiththefamiliarOfficesuite,
includingOfficeWebApps.
Office365EnterpriseE3(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionthat
isthebestplanforgovernmentorganizationsthatneedfullproductivity,communication
andcollaborationtoolswiththefamiliarOfficesuite,includingOfficeOnline,andthatis
hostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
Office365EnterpriseE3(GovernmentPricing)Trial(PN)~Thethelimited-daytrial
forgovernmentorganizationsfortheofferforOffice365EnterpriseE3thatishostedin
thecommercialcloudenvironment.
Office365EnterpriseE3Trial(n)~Alimited-daytrialforanOffice365online
subscriptionforbusinessesthatneedfullproductivity,communicationandcollaboration
toolswiththefamiliarOfficesuite,includingOfficeWebApps.
Office365EnterpriseE4(n)~AnOffice365onlinesubscriptionforbusinessesthatneed
fullproductivity,communicationandcollaborationtoolswiththefamiliarOfficesuite,
includingOfficeWebAppsandon-premisesserverrightstoinformationprotectionand
enterprisevoicecapabilities.
Office365EnterpriseE4(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheOffice365subscription,
hostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment,forgovernmentorganizationsthatneedfull
productivity,communicationandcollaborationtoolswiththefamiliarOfficesuite,
includingOfficeOnlineandon-premisesserverrightstoinformationprotectionand
enterprisevoicecapabilities.
Office365EnterpriseE4Trial(n)~Alimited-daytrialforanOffice365online
subscriptionforbusinessesthatneedfullproductivity,communicationandcollaboration
toolswiththefamiliarOfficesuite,includingOfficeWebAppsandon-premisesserver
rightstoinformationprotectionandenterprisevoicecapabilities.
Office365EnterpriseK1(n)~AnOffice365onlinesubscriptionforpeopleinyour
businesswithoutadedicatedPCthatneedoccasionalaccesstoWebemailandinternal
sites.
Office365EnterpriseK1Trial(n)~Alimited-daytrialforanOffice365online
subscriptionforpeopleinyourbusinesswithoutadedicatedPCthatneedoccasional
accesstoWebemailandinternalsites.
Office365EnterpriseK2(n)~AnOffice365onlinesubscriptionforpeopleinyour
businesswithoutadedicatedPCthatneedoccasionalaccesstoWebemail,internalsites
anddocumentswithOfficeWebApps.
Office365EnterpriseK2Trial(n)~Alimited-daytrialforanOffice365online
subscriptionforpeopleinyourbusinesswithoutadedicatedPCthatneedoccasional
accesstoWebemail,internalsitesanddocumentswithOfficeWebApps.
Office365ExtraFileStorage(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforOffice365ExtraFileStoragethatishostedinthecommercialcloud
environment.
Office365FirstReleaseprogram(PN)~Anopt-inreleasetrackthatgivesOffice365
tenantadminstheabilitytodecidewhetherusersintheirorganizationreceivenewfeatures
assoonastheyarereleasedbyMicrosoft.
Office365globalnavigation(n)~AcontrolusedinOffice365mobileapplicationsto
indicatenavigationbetweenapplicationsinOffice365.
Office365Government(n)~TheOffice365onlinesubscriptionforgovernment
organizationsthatneedcommunicationandcollaborationtoolsaccessiblefromPCs,the
Webandmobiledevices.
Office365MessageEncryption(PN)~Aservicethatenablesuserstosendencrypted
emailmessagestoanyrecipientontheInternet.
Office365MidsizeBusiness(PN)~Asubscriptionofferingdesignedformidsize
businesseswithfewerthan250usersthatwantbusiness-classemail,file-sharing,web
conferencingplusfamiliarOfficeapplications-€“Word,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook,
OneNote,Access,PublishandLync.
Office365MidsizeBusinessTrial(n)~Alimited-daytrialforanOffice365online
subscriptionformidsizebusinesses(fewerthan250users)thatneedthatneedOfficesuite,
email,instantmessaging,document/contentmanagement,andwebconferencing.Includes
MicrosoftOfficeforWindows,Mac,mobile,OfficeWebAppsandITmanagement
capabilities.
Office365PartnerAdmin(PN)~Thewebappthatprovidesthekeyfunctionalityofthe
O365PartnerAdminCenteronmobiledevices.
Office365Preview(n)~ThepublicpreviewversionofOffice365(Anonlinesuiteof
servicesfromMicrosoftthatcombinesthefamiliarOfficedesktopsuitewithcloud-based
versionsofcommunicationsandcollaborationservices.)
Office365ProPlus(PN)~Anenterprise-levelsubscriptionofferingthatincludesonline
serviceversionsofWord,PowerPoint,Excel,Outlook,OneNote,Access,Publisher,and
Lync.
Office365ProPlus(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernment
organizationsforOffice365ProPlusthatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
Office365ProPlusAforFaculty(n)~OfficeProPlusSubscriptionforFacultyandStaff
atK12andHigherEducationinstitutions.
Office365ProPlusAforStudents(n)~OfficeProPlusSubscriptionforStudentsatK12
andHigherEducationinstitutions.
Office365ProPlusforGovernment(PN)~Theofferforgovernmentorganizationsfor
Office365ProPlusthatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
Office365serviceupdate(n)~Thecustomer-facingtermforanupdateofOffice365.
Internally,werecognizethisasanupdatefromoneversiontoanother(e.g.fromwave14
towave15).Externally,wedonotusethetermversion’foraserviceupdate.’
Office365settings(PN)~Thewebpagewereuserscanfindandmodifyalloftheir
Office365settings.
Office365SmallBusiness(PN)~TheOffice365subscriptionthatprovidesasuiteof
cloudservicesthatincludesExchangeOnline,SharePointOnline,LyncOnline,andOffice
Onlineandcannotbelicensedformorethan300usersperorganization.
Office365SmallBusinessPremium(PN)~Apremiumsubscriptionofferingforsmall
businesses(fewerthan10users)andprofessionalsthatneedfamiliarOfficeapplications-
€“Word,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook,OneNote,Access,PublisherandLync-plusemail,
instantmessaging,webconferencing,andapublicwebsite.IncludesMicrosoftOfficefor
Windows,Mac,andmobile.
Office365SmallBusinessPremiumTrial(n)~Alimited-timetrialforsmallbusinesses
andprofessionals(fewerthan25users)thatneedOfficesuite,email,instantmessaging,
document/contentmanagement,andwebconferencing.IncludesMicrosoftOfficefor
Windows,Mac,mobileandOfficeWebApps.Simplesetupanddeployment.
Office365University(PN)~Aconsumersubscriptionofferingforhighereducation
studentsthatincludesWord,Excel,PowerPoint,OneNote,Outlook,PublisherandAccess
acrossmultipledevicesplusOfficeservicessuchaspersonalizedexperience,Officeon
Demand,Skypeworldminutes,additionalOneDrivestorageandongoingaccessto
upgrades.
OfficeAnytimeUpgrade(PN)~Aprogramthatletsuserstryoutandpurchase
applicationsthatarepartofahighervaluesuitethantheonetheypurchased.
OfficeAutomationServices(PN)~Collectively,theSharePointserviceapplicationsthat
writetoULSlogsusingsharedcodeforautomateddocumentprocessing.
OfficeAuto-Revisions(PN)~Afeaturethatmakesautomaticversionsofuserdocuments
duringeachautosaveoperationandallowstheusertoreverttopreviouscopiesofthe
documentwithease.
OfficeBusinessApp(PN)~TheMicrosoftOfficesystemprovidesasetofservers,
clients,andtoolstomakeiteasierforenterprisesandsoftwarevendorstobuildand
deploycompositeapplicationsintheenterprise.Thesesolutions,calledOfficeBusiness
Applications(OBAs),arequicktobuildanddeploy;empowerendusersthroughextensive
personalizationcapabilities;areeasytochangewhenbusinessneedsrequire;andarebuilt
usingfamiliarMicrosoftOfficetoolsandapplications.
OfficeBusinessApplication(PN)~AcompositeapplicationthatusesMicrosoftOffice
programsasthepresentationlayerforline-of-businesssystems,dataandprocesses.
OfficeButton(PN)~AbuttonthatreplacestheFilemenubeginningwithsome2007
MicrosoftOfficesystemprograms.
OfficeCasual(PN)~Aseriesofvideosandblogentriesthatshowyousimplewaystoget
themostoutofMicrosoftOffice,yourdevices,andyouronlineservices.
OfficeCommunicationsServer(n)~AcomputerthatrunsMicrosoftOffice
CommunicationsServersoftware.
OfficeCommunicationsServerCertificateWizard(PN)~Thewizardthatguidesusers
throughtheprocessofconfiguringcertificatesforOfficeCommunicationsServer.
Officecompatibilitydefinitionfile(n)~Afilethatstoresinformationaboutcompatibility
issuesandworkaroundsandmakesitavailabletotheOfficeTelemetryLogandOffice
TelemetryDashboard.
OfficeCustomizationTool(n)~Aone-stopshopforcustomizingOfficedeploymentand
setupbehaviors.
Officedataconnectionfile(n)~Afilethatstoresinformationaboutaconnectiontoa
datasource,suchasanAccessdatabase,spreadsheet,ortextfile,andthatfacilitatesdata
sourceadministration.
OfficeDeploymentTool(PN)~AtoolinOffice365thatenablesITprofessionalsto
managehowOfficeisinstalledfortheirusers.Usersreceivethecorrectlanguageand
configurationsindividuallytailoredtothemautomatically,withouttheneedtoinstall
anythingthemselves.
OfficeDeveloperCenter(PN)~Awebsitethatprovidescontentandresourcestohelp
developerscreatecustomsolutionswithMicrosoftOffice.
OfficeDeveloperTools(PN)~YoucanextendOffice2013andOffice2010byusing
OfficedevelopertoolsinVisualStudiotocreateappsandsolutions.Appsfocusonweb
integration,andsolutionstargetthe.NETFrameworkandaremoredeeplyintegratedwith
theOfficeobjectmodel.
OfficeDiagnostics(n)~Afeaturethatmaybeabletoidentifytherootcauseofcrashesif
anOfficeapplicationisrepeatedlycrashing.
OfficeDocumentCache(PN)~Aclient-sidecachefordocumentsthatarestoredonWeb
servers.Documentsareseamlesslyreplicatedfromthislocalcache,anduploadedto
serversasrequired,enablingfasterandmorerobustfileaccess.
Officeenableddevice(n)~Aremovablestoragedevicethathasbeenconfiguredwith
OfficeapplicationsusingtheOfficeTo-GoDeviceManager.
OfficeFileValidation(PN)~Asecurityfeaturethatvalidatesfilesbeforeallowingthem
tobeloadedbytheapplication,inordertoprotectagainstfileformatvulnerabilities.
OfficeFluent(adj)~Characterizedbydesignandfunctionalelementsintroducedinthe
2007MicrosoftOfficesuiteuserinterface.
OfficeFluentuserinterface(PN)~Theuserinterfaceintroducedwiththe2007
MicrosoftOfficesuite.ItincludescomponentsandfeaturessuchastheRibbon,Galleries,
LivePreview,theMiniToolbar,andContextualTabs.
OfficeforAndroid(PN)~TheversionofMicrosoftOfficethatrunsontheAndroid
operatingsystem.
OfficeforiPad,iPhoneandiPodtouch(PN)~TheversionofMicrosoftOfficethatruns
oniPad,iPhone,andiPodtouch.
OfficeforiPhone(PN)~TheversionofOfficethatrunsoniPhone.
OfficeforMac(PN)~TheversionofMicrosoftOfficethatrunsontheMacoperating
system.
OfficeforMacforOffice365(PN)~TheversionofOfficefromOffice365thatrunson
theMacoperatingsystem.
OfficeforMacPreview(PN)~ThepublicpreviewofOfficeforMac.
OfficeFormsServer(PN)~Ascalable,security-enhanced,standards-basedsolutionthat
centralizescontrolandmanagementofelectronicformsbyallowingcustomerstousea
commonWebbrowsertointeractwithinformation.Itwillhelpstreamlineorganizations
forms-drivenbusinessprocesseswithexistingsystems.
OfficeGenuineAdvantage(PN)~AprogramforlicensedOfficesoftwarethatprovides
accesstoupdates,value-addeddownloads,freesoftwaretrials,andspecialpromotions.
OfficeGraph(PN)~Thegraphthatrepresentsrelationshipsandinteractionsbetween
people,items,andpeopleanditemsacrossoffice365.
OfficeHome&Business(PN)~The2013editionoftheOfficesuitethatsupports
commontasksforhomeandsmallbusinessuse,andthatincludesWord,Excel,
PowerPoint,OneNote,andOutlook.
OfficeHome&Student(PN)~The2013editionofthebaseconsumerofferingofthe
Officesuite,whichincludesWord,Excel,PowerPointandOneNote.
OfficeHome&Student2013RT(PN)~TheRTversionoftheOfficeHome&Student
2013edition,ourbaseconsumeroffering,thatisincludedwithWindowsRT.Itincludes
Word,Excel,PowerPointandOneNote.
OfficeHomeandStudent2010(PN)~Theyear2010editionofthesuiteofMicrosoft
productivitysoftwarethatsupportscommonbusinesstasks,includingwordprocessing,e-
mail,presentations,anddatamanagementandanalysis,designedforhomeandstudents.
OfficeInstaller(PN)~Anapplicationthatinstallsallprogramandsupportfilesassociated
withMicrosoftOffice.
OfficeLanguagePack(PN)~AsetofresourcesforMicrosoftOfficesoftwarethat
providessupportforfeaturessuchasHelpandproofingtoolsinaparticularlanguageor
setoflanguages.
OfficeLens(PN)~Anappthatenablesyoutocapturethecontentofawhiteboardor
documentasapictureandoptionallysaveitinOneNote.Youcanalsoaccessthis
functionalityfromOneNotedirectlyinOneNotefortheWindowsStore,WindowsPhone,
iOS,andAndroid.
officelocation(n)~Acontact’sofficenumber.
OfficeMigrationPlanningManager(PN)~Agroupoftoolsdesignedtohelp
administratorsduringtheplanningandtestingphasesofMicrosoftOfficedeployment.
OfficeMulti-LanguagePack(n)~AvolumelicensingsolutionthatprovidesOffice
LanguagePacksupportforallavailablelanguages.
OfficeonDemand(PN)~AfeaturethatenablessubscriptioncustomerstolaunchOffice
richclientapplicationsonlinefromacomputeronwhichthoseapplicationsarenotalready
installed.
OfficeOnlineSharingService(n)~Aservicethatallowsuserstosharecalendars
throughanOfficeOnlinewebsite.
OfficePresentationService(PN)~AfreeonlineservicethatenablesOfficeuserstoshare
presentationswithpeoplewhoviewthemontheweb.
OfficeProfessional(PN)~TheOfficesuitethatsupportscommonbusinesstasks,andthat
includesWord,Excel,PowerPoint,OneNote,Outlook,Publisher,andAccess.
OfficeProfessional2010(PN)~Theyear2010editionofthesuiteofMicrosoft
productivitysoftwarethatsupportscommonbusinesstasks,includingwordprocessing
(Word),e-mail(OutlookwithBusinessContactManager),presentations(PowerPointand
Publisher),anddatamanagementandanalysis(AccessandExcel).
OfficeProfessional2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofOfficeProfessional.
OfficeProfessionalAcademic2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofMicrosoftOffice
availableonlytoeligiblestudentswhoattendaneducationalinstitutiongeographically
locatedintheUnitedStates.
OfficeProfessionalPlus(PN)~The2013editionoftheOfficesuitethatsupports
commonbusinesstasks,andthatincludesWord,Excel,PowerPoint,OneNote,Outlook,
Publisher,Access,Lync,andInfoPath.
OfficeProfessionalPlus2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofOfficeProfessionalPlus.
OfficeReady(n)~Aprogramthatseparatesthepre-installationofMicrosoftOffice
softwarefromthesoftwarelicensesale.Underthisprogram,OEMscanpreinstallabuild
ofOfficeontheirPCswithoutpayingroyaltytoMicrosoft.Noroyaltyisdueatthetimeof
pre-installationbecausethesoftwareisnotlicensedperpetuallyuntilaproductkeyis
purchasedandactivatedbytheend-user.
OfficeReadyPC(n)~APCwithapreinstalledbuildofOfficethatcanbeactivatedby
theend-userthroughpurchaseofalicensekit.
OfficeRoamingService(PN)~Afeaturethathelpskeepauser’sOfficesettingsupto
dateacrossdevicesrunningOffice.
OfficeScrapbook(PN)~Afeaturedesignedtohelpusersmanagerandomclippingsand
tidbitsofinfo.
OfficeSide-by-Side(PN)~AClick-to-RunfeaturethatenablestwoversionsofOfficeto
existonthesamecomputertoprovideaseamlesstransitionforusersinsupported
scenarios.
OfficeStandard(PN)~The2013editionoftheOfficesuitethatsupportscommon
businesstasks,andthatincludesWord,Excel,PowerPoint,OneNote,Outlook,and
Publisher.
OfficeStandard2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofOfficeStandard.
OfficeStartscreen(PN)~Ascreenthatgivesusersquickaccesstorecentdocumentsand
recommendedtemplateswhenanOfficeapplicationstarts.
OfficeStarterTo-Go(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesuserstotakeOfficeStarterprograms
withthemonaUSBdriveorotherportabledeviceandusethemonanothercomputer
whilethedeviceispluggedin.
OfficeStore(PN)~AnInternetsitethatprovidesacollectionofproductsandservices
developedbyMicrosoftpartnersforMicrosoftOfficeusers.
OfficeSuite~Arelatedgroupofprogramsforbusinessuse,usuallyincludingaword-
processor,spreadsheet,databaseandanumberofotherprograms.Thebestknownis
MicrosoftOffice.
OfficeTelemetryAgent(PN)~AfeatureoftheOfficeTelemetryDashboardthatsupports
collectionanduploadofinventoryandusagedataforOfficerelatedsolutionsonclient
computersacrossanorganization.
OfficeTelemetryDashboard(PN)~AtoolthatenablesITprostomonitorusage,error,
andcompatibilityissueinformationfromOfficerelatedsolutionsonclientmachines
acrossanorganization.
OfficeTelemetryLog(PN)~AfeaturethatdisplaysanOfficeeventloginExcelformat
andhelpstheusertofindandresolveknowncompatibilityissuesforOfficefilesand
solutions.
Officetelemetrylogging(n)~TheprocessthatpopulatesdatatotheOfficeTelemetry
Log.
OfficeTelemetryProcessor(PN)~AWindowsserviceapplicationthatreadsdatafiles
uploadedbytheOfficeTelemetryAgentandinsertsthedataintoSQLServer.
OfficeUpdate(n)~AwebpageontheOfficeOnlinewebsitemaintainedbytheMicrosoft
Officeproductgroupforthepurposeofprovidingcriticalupdates,add-ins,converters,and
viewersthatincreasetheperformanceandstabilityofcurrentlyreleasedOfficeprograms.
OfficeUploadCenter(PN)~Acentralhubforviewingpendinguploadstohttpservers
(mainlySharePoint)andcorrectinguploaderrors.
OfficeViewingArchitecture(PN)~Theend-to-endarchitecturethatpowerstheWord
andPowerPointviewingexperienceinthebrowser.Itincludesthefront-endmachinesto
servicethebrowserrequestsandtheback-endmachineswhichconvertthedocumentfrom
aDOCorPPTfiletoPNG,eachrepresentingapageofyourdocument.
OfficeWebComponents(n)~MicrosoftCOMcontrolsthatallowuserstopublish
spreadsheets,charts,anddatabasestoanintranetandeditpublisheddocumentswithina
Webbrowser.
OfficeXMLHandler(PN)~AutilitythatlaunchestheappropriateOfficeapplication
whenausertriestoopenanXMLfile.
Office-enabledappforSharePoint(PN)~AnappthathasbothanOfficeanda
SharePointcomponent.
offline(adj)~Anetworkstatusthatindicatesaclientisnotconnectedtoaserver.
offline(adj)~Inreferencetoacomputingdeviceoraprogram,unabletocommunicate
withaprimarydatabaseorcontrollingcomputer.
offline(adj)~Astatethatmarksacomponentinafailoverclusterorserverclusteras
unavailable.Anodeinanofflinestateiseitherinactiveornotrunning.Clusteredservices
andapplications,andtheresourceswithinthem,alsohaveanofflinestate.
Offline(PN)~Pertainingtoauserwho,duringbusinesshours(oratanytimeifno
businesshourshavebeenset),isnotsignedintoanyLyncorCommunicator,orIMdevice
andcannotbecontactedbyphone(nocallforwardinginformationispublished).
offline(adj)~Pertainingtoauserwho,duringbusinesshours(oratanytimeifno
businesshourshavebeenset),isnotsignedintoanyLyncorCommunicator,orIMdevice
andcannotbecontactedbyphone(nocallforwardinginformationispublished).
offline(adj)~Auserpresencestateofbeingunavailable.
Offline(PN)~Thestatusthatappearswhenausersignsout.Thisstatusshowsthisuseris
notavailabletocallandIMonSkype.
offlineaddressbook(n)~Asnapshotofinformationfromanaddressbookthathasbeen
downloadedsothatanOutlookusercanaccessitwhiledisconnectedfromtheserver.It
containsthepropertiesofauser,suchase-mailaddresses,thatOutlookrequirestosendan
e-mailmessageanddisplayinformationaboutthesender.
offlineaddressbookdistribution(n)~Themethodbywhichtheofflineaddressbook
(OAB)canbeaccessedbyuserswhentheyareworkingremotelyoroveradial-up
connection.TodistributetheOAB,administratorscanuseWeb-baseddistribution,public
folderdistribution,orboth.PublicfolderdistributionisrequiredforOutlook2003or
earlierclients.
offlineaddressbookdistributionpoint(n)~TheHTTPWebaddressorpublicfolder
whereclientcomputerscandownloadanofflineaddressbook.Publicfolderdistributionis
requiredforOutlook2003orearlierclients.
offlineaddressbookgeneration(n)~TheprocessbywhichExchangeServercreatesand
updatestheOAB.AdministratorscandefinewhentheOABgenerationprocesswillrun.
OfflineContacts(n)~AdefaultcontactgroupnamethatCommunicatorusesforall
contactswhoarecurrentlyoffline.
offlinecubefile(n)~Afileyoucreateonyourharddiskoranetworksharetostore
OLAPsourcedataforaPivotTableorPivotChartreport.Offlinecubefilesallowyouto
keepworkingwhenyouarenotconnectedtotheOLAPserver.
offlinedatasource(n)~Asecondarydatasourcethatisaccessibletouserswhofillout
formsoffline.Whenauserisonline,datafromthedatasourceisstoredontheuser’s
computersothatitcanappearincontrolswhentheformisoffline.
offlinedatabase(n)~Alocalworkingcopyofaremoteshareddatabaseinwhichyoucan
makechangeswhileyouaredisconnected.Youcansynchronizechangeswiththeremote
shareddatabasewhenyoureconnect.
OfflineFiles(PN)~Afeaturethatmakesnetworkfilesavailabletoanenduserwhena
networkconnectiontotheserverisunavailableorslow.
offlinefolderfile(n)~Thefileonyourharddiskthatcontainsofflinefolders.Theoffline
folderfilehasan.ostextension.YoucancreateitautomaticallywhenyousetupOutlook,
orwhenyoufirstmakeafolderavailableoffline.
offlineHelp(n)~Helpthatisavailabletotheuserwhilenotbeingconnectedtoorpartof
asystemornetwork.
offlineinstallation(n)~Theprocessofinstallingpackagesandotherupdatestoa
Windowsimagethatisnotcurrentlyrunning.Forexample,youcanupdateaWindows
imagewithsecurityupdates,languagepacks,orotherpackages.
offlineinstantmessage(n)~Aninstantmessagethatistransmittedwhilethesenderor
recipientisoffline.
offlinemode(n)~Thestateinwhichusersfilloutformswhenworkingoffline.
offlinepublishing(n)~?Theprocessbywhich-adeveloperallows-anapptobe
purchasedinbulklicensingandmanagedbybusinessandITmanagersoffline.
offlinerestore(n)~Arestoreduringwhichthedatabaseisoffline.
offlineservicing(n)~TheprocessofinstallingpackagesandotherupdatestoaWindows
imagethatisnotcurrentlyrunning.Forexample,youcanupdateaWindowsimagewith
securityupdates,languagepacks,orotherpackages.
offlineuserstatecapture(n)~Atypeofuserstatecapturethatcanbeperformedwithin
WindowsPreinstallationEnvironmentphasewithoutneedingtobootintofullOS.
offloading(n)~Theprocessoftransferringpartoftheprocessingdemandtoanother
device.
off-net(adj)~Pertainingtodialinganumbernotservicedbytheuser’sPBXorUnified
Communicationsdeployment.
off-network(adj)~Pertainingtodialinganumbernotservicedbytheuser’sPBXor
UnifiedCommunicationsdeployment.
Off-PageReference(n)~A2-Dshapethatyoucanuseinlargeflowchartdiagramstolink
toanotherpageinthedrawing.
Off-peaktimes(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoscheduleautomatic
synchronizationbetweenthedeviceandtheExchangeServereverytimeanitemarrivesor
ischangedinExchangeServer(iftheorganizationisrunningExchangeServerwith
ExchangeActiveSync),andafterthefirstfullsynchronizationwithExchangeServerwhen
thevolumeofe-mailislow.
offset(v)~TomoveanobjectfromitsinitialX,Y,andZ(three-dimensionalobjectsonly)
coordinatestonewcoordinates.
offsetaccount(n)~Indouble-entryaccounting,theaccountusedtobalanceatransaction
sothatdebitsequalcredits.
offsetaccount(n)~Anaccountusedtoreducethegrossamountofanotheraccountto
createanetbalance.
offsetentry(n)~Inallocations,anentryusedtobalancetheaccount,dimension,orother
fieldinformationfortheallocationdestination.Offsetentriestypicallyclearorreducethe
sourceamounts.
offsettransaction(n)~Anaccountingentrythatbalancesadebitwithacreditoracredit
withadebit.
offside(adj)~Pertainingto,orcharacteristicof,codethattriggerstheendofaconstruct
becauseitisnotindentedfarenough.Inotherwords,codetotheleftofanoffsidelineis
offside.Incorrectlyindentedcode,youtakeadvantageoftheoffsideruleinorderto
delineatetheendofconstructs.Ifyouuseindentationimproperly,anoffsideconditioncan
causethecompilertoissueawarningorcanleadtotheincorrectinterpretationofyour
code.
offsideline(n)~Thecolumnthatdeterminesthecontextforacodingconstruct,for
example,atry-€¦with’construct.Codethatappearstotheleftofthislineisoffside
Off-topic~Amessagewhichisnotrelevanttoaparticular-newsgroup-orforum-onthe
Internetissaidtobe‘off-topic’.Postingoff-topicmessagesinnewsgroupsannoyspeople
intensely,astheymakeithardertofollowthediscussionproperly.
OGC(PN)~Thestandardsbodythatdefinesstandardsfordescribingandcommunicating
geospatialdata.
OID(n)~Anumberthatidentifiesanobjectclassorattribute.Objectidentifiers(OIDs)
areorganizedintoanindustry-wideglobalhierarchy.Anobjectidentifierisrepresentedas
adotteddecimalstring,suchas1.2.3.4,witheachdotrepresentinganewbranchinthe
hierarchy.National/regionalregistrationauthoritiesissuerootobjectidentifiersto
individualsororganizations,whomanagethehierarchybelowtheirrootobjectidentifier.
OIM(n)~AninformationmodelpublishedbytheMetadataCoalition(MDC)andwidely
supportedbysoftwarevendors.TheOIMisaformaldescriptionofmetadataconstructs
organizedbysubjectarea.
OIOXML(oth)~InDenmark,astandardforXMLelectronicinvoicesthatareusedbythe
publicsector.OIOisDanishforOffentligInformationOnline(PublicInformation
Online.)
OLAP(PN)~Atechnologythatusesmultidimensionalstructurestoproviderapidaccess
todataforanalysis.ThesourcedataforOLAPiscommonlystoredindatawarehousesin
arelationaldatabase.
OLAPcube(n)~Asetofdatathatisorganizedandsummarizedintoamultidimensional
structurethatisdefinedbyasetofdimensionsandmeasures.
OLAPdatabase(n)~Arelationaldatabasesystemcapableofhandlingqueriesmore
complexthanthosehandledbystandardrelationaldatabases,throughmultidimensional
accesstodata(viewingthedatabyseveraldifferentcriteria),intensivecalculation
capability,andspecializedindexingtechniques.
OLAPprovider(n)~AsetofsoftwarethatprovidesaccesstoaparticulartypeofOLAP
database.Thissoftwarecanincludeadatasourcedriverandotherclientsoftwarethatis
necessarytoconnecttoadatabase.
Oldies(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#11.
old-stylenumber(n)~Anumberrepresentedinastylewherenumericglyphshave
varyingheightsandpositionsandmayextendbelowthebaseline.Usingold-stylenumbers
inbodytextimprovesitsoveralllookandreadability.
OLE(n)~Atechnologyfortransferringandsharinginformationamongapplications.
Whenanobject,suchasanimagefilecreatedwithapaintprogram,islinkedtoa
compounddocument,suchasaspreadsheetoradocumentcreatedwithawordprocessing
program,thedocumentcontainsonlyareferencetotheobject;anychangesmadetothe
contentsofalinkedobjectwillbeseeninthecompounddocument.Whenanobjectis
embeddedinacompounddocument,thedocumentcontainsacopyoftheobject;any
changesmadetothecontentsoftheoriginalobjectwillnotbeseeninthecompound
documentunlesstheembeddedobjectisupdated.
OLEcontainer(n)~AnapplicationthatcontainsalinkedorembeddedOLEobjectfrom
anotherapplication.Forexample,ifanOLEobjectinanAccessdatabasecontainsa
MicrosoftExcelworksheet,AccessistheOLEcontainer.
OLEcontainercontrol(n)~AVisualBasiccontrolthatisusedtolinkandembedobjects
fromotherapplicationsinaVisualBasicapplication.
OLEDB(PN)~Acomponentdatabasearchitecturethatprovidesefficientnetworkand
Internetaccesstomanytypesofdatasources,includingrelationaldata,mailfiles,flat
files,andspreadsheets.OLEDBcomprisesaspecializedsetofCOMinterfacesthat
exposedatafromavarietyofdatastores,bothrelationalandnonrelational.
OLEDBprovider(n)~AprogramintheOLEDBarchitecturethatenablesnativeaccess
todata,insteadofaccessingdatausingODBCorIISAMdrivers,whichareexternalways
toaccessthedata.
OLEembeddedobject(n)~Anobjectembeddedwithinacompounddocumentinwhich
onlyasinglepieceofcontentcanbeactive.
OLEforPOS(n)~Awidely-adoptedPOSdevicestandardinitiatedbyMicrosoft,NCR,
Epson,andFujitsu-ICLtohelpintegratePOShardwareintoapplicationsfortheWindows-
„¢familyofoperatingsystems.
OLEobject(n)~AnobjectthatsupportstheOLEprotocolforobjectlinkingand
embedding.
OLEObjectdatatype(n)~Afielddatatypethatyouuseforobjectscreatedinother
applicationsthatcanbelinkedorembedded(inserted)inanAccessdatabase.
OLEserver(n)~AnapplicationorDLLthatsuppliesalinkedorembeddedOLEobject
toanotherapplication.Forexample,ifanOLEobjectinanAccessdatabasecontainsa
MicrosoftExcelworksheet,ExcelistheOLEserver.
OLE/DDElink(n)~AconnectionbetweenanOLEobjectanditsOLEserver,orbetween
adynamicdataexchange(DDE)sourcedocumentandadestinationdocument.
OLMA(PN)~TheMicrosoftIdentityLifecycleManager(ILM)2007managementagent
providedbyMicrosofttoconnecttoOutlookLive.ItisanILMcomponentthatconsistsof
properties,rules,andrulesextensionsthatdeterminehowanobjectisprocessed.
OLTP(n)~Asystemforprocessingtransactionsassoonasthecomputerreceivesthem
andupdatingmasterfilesimmediatelyinadatabasemanagementsystem.OLTPisuseful
infinancialrecordkeepingandinventorytracking.
OMID(n)~AlabelthatiselectronicallyrecordedoneachmediuminaRemovable
Storagesystem.RemovableStorageuseson-mediaidentifierstotrackmediainthe
RemovableStoragedatabase.
onaccount(adj)~Theextensionofcreditforpurchases.
onhold(adj)~Astatusthatindicatesthatanactivetelephonecallhasbeentemporarily
suspended.
onhold(adj)~Thestateofanoperationalprocessthathasbeensuspendedorthestatusof
adocumentandproductthatparticipateinaprocessthatissuspended.
onmute(adj)~Astatusshowingonthephonewhenthespeakeristurnedoffandthe
personontheotherlinecan’thearyou.
onorder(adj)~Havingthestatusofbeingorderedbutnotyetdelivered.
On/Standbypowerbutton(n)~Thepowerbuttonthatturnsadevice,computer,or
Surfaceunit,onandoff.
on-accessprotection(n)~Virusprotection(e.g.antivirussoftware)thatisactive
continuously,asopposedtoondemand.
on-accountpayment(n)~Afixedinstallmentpaymentthatisagreedtoinapayment
plan.
on-accountstatement(n)~Areportofinvoicedon-accounttransactionamountsfora
project.
onboard(v)~Tomoveanapplicationintothestore.Involvestheuploadingand
certificationofanapp’spackagesandlistingdata.
on-chipperformancecounter(n)~AregisteronaCPUchipthatstoresverylow-level
information.Thisinformationcanbequeried.
on-demandpublishingpoint(n)~Atypeofpublishingpointthatstreamscontentto
clientsbyrequest.Contentstreamedfromanon-demandpublishingpointisalways
deliveredasaunicaststream.
on-demandreport(n)~Areportthatisnotscheduled,butcreatedonanas-neededbasis.
Foron-demandreports,aswithscheduledreports,currentdataisgatheredbeforethe
reportisgenerated.
on-demandstreaming(n)~Atechnologyandmethodfortheinteractivedeliveryof
digitalmediaacrossanetworkinacontinuousflowandplayingitasitisreceivedwhen
theychooseto,ratherthanhavingtowatchataspecificbroadcasttime.
on-demandworkflow(n)~Atypeofworkflowthatrunsonlywhenauserspecifically
startsitfromwithintheWebapplicationUI.Useractionisrequiredtostarttheworkflow.
Onetime(PN)~Adatalimitplanwhereuserspurchaseupfrontaquotaofdataforagiven
time.Forinstance,pre-paid500MBwhichexpirein6months.
onewaytosourcebinding(n)~Atypeofdatabindingwherechangesmadetothetarget
automaticallyupdatethesource,whilechangestothesourcedon’tupdatethetarget.Data
bindingisalwayssetonthetargetobject.
OneCarecircle(n)~ThecomputersthatshareaOneCaresubscription.
one-clickpublish(n)~AfeatureinVisualStudiothatletsyoudeployaWebapplication
fromthedevelopmentcomputertoaserverbyclickingabuttononatoolbar,andto
deploychangesbyclickingthebuttonagain,withouthavingtoredeploythefull
application.Youcancreatemultiplepublishingprofilestodefinethesettingsfordifferent
publishingscenarios,suchasdeployingtoatestserver,toaproductionserver,andsoon.
One-clickSubscribe(PN)~Aplug-inthatenablesuserstoquicklyinsertanHTMLtag
intothebodyofanemailmessagethat,whenclicked,addstheemailaddressoftheemail
recipienttothespecifiedlist.
OneCore(PN)~Theunified,component-basedsoftwarearchitecturemodelthatprovides
alargeandhighlyconsistentsetofAPIsacrossmultipleWindows10-baseddevice
families.
one-dimensionalmeasurement(n)~Ameasurementwithasinglecharacterizationofthe
magnitudeorextentofthepropertyofanobject.
OneDrive(PN)~TheMicrosoftonlineservicethatletsusersaccessandsharedocuments,
photos,andotherfilesfromanywhere.
OneDrive(PN)~Anappthatfacilitatesonlinefilestorage.
OneDrive(cloudonly)(PN)~ThesourcelocationoffilesthatarestoredonOneDrive
andnotsyncedtothelocaldevice.ThisisdifferentfromotherOneDrivefiles(justcalled
OneDrive’)
OneDriveBusiness(PN)~Adocumentservicethatenablesorganizationstoprovision
andmanageonlinestoragefortheirusers.
OneDrivecameraroll(n)~Afolderthat’sautomaticallyaddedtoOneDrivewhenphotos
areuploadedfromWindowsPhone.
OneDriveforBusiness(PN)~Adocumentservicethatenablesorganizationstoprovision
andmanageonlinestoragefortheirusers.
OneDriveforBusinesswithOfficeOnline(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferfor
governmentorganizationsforOneDriveforBusinessthatincludesOfficeOnline,andthat
ishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
OneDriveforBusinesswithOfficeOnline(GovernmentPricing)Trial(PN)~The
limited-daytrialforgovernmentorganizationsfortheofferforOneDriveforBusinessthat
includesOfficeOnline,andthatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
OneDriveforMac(PN)~AnappforMaccomputersthatcreatesafolderontheuser’s
computer,downloadsthecontentsoftheirOneDrive,andkeepsthefolderinsyncwith
anyfilechangesonlineandamongadditionalcomputers.
OneDrive.com(PN)~TheURLforMicrosoftOneDrive.
one-levelinteractivetemplate(n)~Aworkflowtemplatewhichallowstheadministrator
todefineonequestionwithtwoanswers.Theanswerdetermineswhichqueuethecallis
routedto.
OneNote2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofOneNote.
OneNoteAPI(PN)~Asetofweb-basedAPIinstructionsandrequirementsforcreating,
retrieving,andmodifyingpagesinOneNote.
OneNoteClipper(n)~Abrowser-basedtoolthatenablesuserstosavewebpagesto
OneNote.
OneNoteforAndroid(PN)~TheversionofOneNotethatrunsontheAndroidoperating
system.
OneNoteforiPad(PN)~TheversionofOneNotethatrunsoniPad.
OneNoteforiPhone(PN)~TheversionofOneNotethatrunsoniPhone.
OneNoteforMac(PN)~TheversionofOneNotethatrunsontheMacoperatingsystem.
OneNoteforMacforOffice365(PN)~TheversionofOneNotefromOffice365that
runsontheMacoperatingsystem.
OneNoteOnlineViewer(PN)~AOneNoteWebApptechnologythatenablesusersto
viewinfullfidelityaOneNotedocumentthatisstoredonline.
OneNoteshare(n)~ThefeaturethatletsuserscreateandshareOneNotemeetingnotesin
aLyncMeeting.NotesappearasdockedinaLyncMeeting,withparticipantliststhatcan
beupdatedinmeetingnotesforparticipantstosee.
OneNoteStaffNotebook(PN)~TheSharePointappthatallowsanadministratortosetup
acustomsharedOneNotenotebookandacontentlibraryforateaminacorporate
environment,aswellasaprivatenotebookforeachdirectreportthatonlythemanagerhas
accessto.
OneNoteStaffNotebook(PN)~TheSharePointappforeducatorsthatallowsanIT
administratortosetupacustomsharedOneNotenotebookandacontentlibraryfor
groupsineducationalinstitutions(K-12andcollegelevel),aswellasaprivatenotebook
thatonlytheeducatorandhis/hersupervisorhaveaccessto.
OneNoteStaffNotebookforEducation(PN)~TheSharePointappforeducatorsthat
allowsanITadministratortosetupacustomsharedOneNotenotebookandacontent
libraryforgroupsineducationalinstitutions(K-12andcollegelevel),aswellasaprivate
notebookthatonlytheeducatorandhis/hersupervisorhaveaccessto.
one-offaddress(n)~Anaddressthatisusedtosendmessagestorecipientswhodonot
haveacorrespondingentryinanyofthesession’saddressbookcontainers.
one-passencoding(n)~Anencodingmethodinwhichcontentisanalyzedand
compressedinthesamepassthroughtheencoder.
one-timebypass(n)~Toallowaccessone-time.
one-timepassword(n)~Passwordsproducedbyspecialpasswordgeneratingsoftwareor
byahardwaretokenandthatcanbeusedonlyonce.
one-to-manyrelationship(n)~Anassociationbetweentwotablesinwhichtheprimary
keyvalueofeachrecordintheprimarytablecorrespondstothevalueinthematching
fieldorfieldsofmanyrecordsintherelatedtable.
one-to-onerelationship(n)~Anassociationbetweentwotablesinwhichtheprimarykey
valueofeachrecordintheprimarytablecorrespondstothevalueinthematchingfieldor
fieldsofone,andonlyone,recordintherelatedtable.
one-waytrust(n)~Atrustrelationshipbetweentwodomainsinwhichonlyoneofthe
twodomainstruststheotherdomain.Forexample,domainAtrustsdomainB,anddomain
BdoesnottrustdomainA.One-waytrustsareoftenusedtoenableauthenticatedaccessto
resourcedomains.
one-waytrustrelationship(n)~Atrustrelationshipbetweentwodomainsinwhichonly
oneofthetwodomainstruststheotherdomain.Forexample,domainAtrustsdomainB,
anddomainBdoesnottrustdomainA.One-waytrustsareoftenusedtoenable
authenticatedaccesstoresourcedomains.
OneX(n)~AnInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)standardthat
definesport-basednetworkaccesscontrolwhicheitherallowsordeniesconnection
requeststoIEEE802.3wiredEthernetnetworksorIEEE802.11wirelessnetworks.
OnExitevent(n)~Aneventtriggeredwhentransitioningfromagivenstateregardlessof
thenextstateofthetransition.
on-hand(adj)~Aquantitytypeassignedtothequantityofanitemthatislocatedin
inventoryandisavailabletobesold.
on-handinventory(n)~Itemsthatarephysicallyinstockandavailabletobeusedor
sold.
on-holdfiscalperiod(n)~Thestateofafiscalperiodthatcanbereopenedandthat
preventsitsuseasatimeperiodclassifierforaccountentries.
oniondiagram(n)~Atypeofblockdiagramwithconcentricandpartiallayershapes.
online(Adverb)~Astatethatmarksacomponentinafailoverclusterorservercluster
asavailable.Whenanodeisonline,itisanactivememberoftheclusterandcanownand
runclusteredservicesandapplications,honorclusterdatabaseupdates,contributevotesto
thequorumalgorithm,andmaintainheartbeats.Clusteredservicesandapplications,and
theresourceswithinthem,alsohaveanonlinestate.
online(adj)~Pertainingtoauser,afileoracomputercurrentlyconnectedaserver.
Online(oth)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenu.Thisisastatustheusercanselect
whilesignedin,tomakeitappeartootherusersthatheiscurrentlyonline.
Online(PN)~Thestatusthatappearswhenausersignsin.Thisstatusshowsthisuseris
availabletocallandIMonSkype.
Online~Connectedtotheinternet,oroftheinternet.
Online-€“ExperienceCanChange(oth)~Acontentdescriptordevelopedbythe
EntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard(ESRB).
onlineaccount(n)~Asinglesetofsign-incredentials(typically,e-mailaddressand
password)thatisusedtoaccesstheservicesprovidedbyanonlineserviceprovider(OSP).
onlineanalyticalprocessing(n)~Atechnologythatusesmultidimensionalstructuresto
providerapidaccesstodataforanalysis.ThesourcedataforOLAPiscommonlystoredin
datawarehousesinarelationaldatabase.
OnlineArchive(PN)~Arepositorythatisseparatefromtheuser’smailboxandthat
allowsitemstobearchivedontheserver.
OnlineCertificateStatusProtocol(n)~Aprotocolthatallowsreal-timevalidationofa
certificate’sstatusbyhavingtheCryptoAPImakeacalltoanOCSPresponderandthe
OCSPresponderprovidinganimmediatevalidationoftherevocationstatusforthe
presentedcertificate.Typically,anOCSPresponderrespondswiththerevocationstatus
checkrequestbasedonthecertificaterevocationlist(CRL)orotherformsofrevocation
statusitretrievesfromthecertificationauthorities.
OnlineCertificateStatusProtocolresponder(n)~AcomputeronwhichtheOnline
ResponderserviceandOnlineResponderwebproxyarerunning.
OnlineContacts(n)~AdefaultcontactgroupnamethatCommunicatorusesforall
contactswhoarecurrentlyonline.
onlinecontent(n)~MaterialthathasbeenpublishedontheInternet
onlinedatabase(n)~Aremoteshareddatabasethatissynchronizedwithyourlocalcopy.
onlinedocumentstorage(n)~AdocumentlibrarysuchasSharePointOnline.
onlineevent(n)~Anauditorium-stylemeetingthatrequiresparticipantstoregisterin
ordertoattend.
onlinehelp(n)~Thecapabilityofmanyprogramsandoperatingsystemstodisplay
adviceorinstructionsforusingtheirfeatureswhensorequestedbytheuser,asbyascreen
buttonormenuitemorafunctionkey.
onlineidentity(n)~Asinglesetofsign-incredentials(typically,e-mailaddressand
password)thatisusedtoaccesstheservicesprovidedbyanonlineserviceprovider(OSP).
onlineidentityassociation(n)~Thebindingofanonlineidentitywiththeuseraccount
onagivenPC.Oncetheassociationexists,theonlineidentitycanbeusedasapointerto
theuseraccount.Forexample,withremotemediaconnection,theonlineidentitycanbe
usedtopointtoPCnamesandIPaddresses.
onlinemaintenancewindow(n)~Periodoftimeduringwhichonlinemaintenance
occurs.
onlinemanual(n)~Anelectronicversionofauserguideormanualthatwillreleasewith
thesoftware.
onlinemeeting(n)~Acollaborative-stylemeeting.
OnlineResponder(n)~AcomputeronwhichtheOnlineResponderserviceandOnline
Responderwebproxyarerunning.
OnlineResponder(n)~AservicethatispartoftheOnlineResponderroleserviceand
thatdecodesarevocationstatusrequestforaspecificcertificate,evaluatesthestatusof
thiscertificate,andsendsbackasignedresponsecontainingtherequestedcertificatestatus
information.
OnlineResponder(n)~Aroleserviceinstalledonatrustedserverthatreceivesand
respondstoindividualclientrequestsforinformationaboutthestatusofacertificate.
OnlineResponderroleservice(n)~Aroleserviceinstalledonatrustedserverthat
receivesandrespondstoindividualclientrequestsforinformationaboutthestatusofa
certificate.
OnlineResponderservice(n)~AservicethatispartoftheOnlineResponderroleservice
andthatdecodesarevocationstatusrequestforaspecificcertificate,evaluatesthestatus
ofthiscertificate,andsendsbackasignedresponsecontainingtherequestedcertificate
statusinformation.
OnlineRespondersnap-in(n)~Asnap-inthatallowsyoutoconfigureandmanage
revocationconfigurationsandOnlineResponderArraystosupportpublickey
infrastructure(PKI)clientsindiverseenvironments.
OnlineResponderwebproxy(n)~ThewebproxyfortheOnlineResponderthatreceives
anddecodesrequests,andcachesresponsesforaconfigurableperiodoftime.
onlinerestore(n)~Arestoreinwhichoneormoresecondaryfilegroups,filesbelonging
tosecondaryfilegroups,orpagesarerestoredwhilethedatabaseremainsonline.Online
restoreisavailableonlyintheSQLServer2005EnterpriseEdition(includingthe
EvaluationandDeveloperEditions).
onlinesafety(n)~TheprotectionofInternetusersfromphishingfraud,indentitythreat,
spyware,andmalware(malicioussoftware).
onlineservice(n)~Abusinessthatprovidesaccesstodatabases,filearchives,
conferences,chatgroups,andotherformsofinformationthroughdial-up,ordedicated
communicationslinks,orthroughtheInternet.Mostonlineinformationservicesalsooffer
accesstotheInternetconnectionsalongwiththeirownproprietaryservices.Thelargest
consumeronlineinformationservicesintheU.S.areAmericaOnline,CompuServe,and
MSN.
onlineserviceprovider(n)~Aproviderofonlineserviceslikee-mail,messaging,and
others(example:WindowsLive,Yahoo,Google).
onlineservicing(n)~TheprocessofinstallingpackagesandotherupdatestoaWindows
imagethatiscurrentlyrunning.
OnlineSpotlight(n)~AsectionoftheBusinessContactManagerHomepagewherelinks
toHelptopicsandotherinformationareprovided.ThelinksareincludedintheOnline
Spotlightsectiontocalltheuser’sattentiontotheinformation.
onlinestatus(n)~Theconditionofauserthatcanbedisplayedtotheuser’scontactsto
communicatewhethertheuseriscurrentlyonlineandavailable,offlineandunavailable,
andsoon.
onlinestorage(n)~StoragespaceprovidedovertheInternetthat’sallottedtousersfor
keepingdigitalinformation,suchasphotosordocuments.
onlinestorefront(n)~AbusinessthatdisplaysitsmerchandiseontheInternetandhas
provisionsforcontactoronlinesales.
onlinesupport(n)~CustomerassistanceintheformofonlineKnowledgeBasearticles,
FAQs,troubleshootingtools,andotherresources.ByusingSelf-helponlinesupport,many
customerscanresolvetheirissueswithoutcontactingMicrosoftdirectly.
onlinetraining(n)~Ameetingorrecordingthatisconductedfortrainingpurposes.
OnlineVideo(PN)~Afeaturethatletsyouinsertavideofromaweb-basedsourceinto
yourdocumentandplayitbackwithoutleavingthedocument.
on-mediaidentifier(n)~Alabelthatiselectronicallyrecordedoneachmediumina
RemovableStoragesystem.RemovableStorageuseson-mediaidentifierstotrackmedia
intheRemovableStoragedatabase.
on-net(adj)~Pertainingtodialinganumberservicedbytheuser’sPBXorUnified
Communicationsdeployment.
on-network(adj)~Pertainingtodialinganumberservicedbytheuser’sPBXorUnified
Communicationsdeployment.
OnNowPowerInitiative(n)~Asystem-wideapproachtopowermanagement.All
componentscanbeinstantlyonoroffandworkinconjunctionwithhardwareand
softwarecomponentstoaltertheirpowerstateassystemuserequires.
on-objectUI(n)~Auserinterfacethatappearsnearaselectedobject,usuallyafterthe
userright-clicksaselection,forexample,acontextmenuthatpopsupaboveorbesidea
selectedobjectanddisplaysalistofcommandsthatfittheselection.
on-objectuserinterface(n)~Auserinterfacethatappearsnearaselectedobject,usually
aftertheuserright-clicksaselection,forexample,acontextmenuthatpopsupaboveor
besideaselectedobjectanddisplaysalistofcommandsthatfittheselection.
on-premises(adj)~Pertainingtoanapplicationonalocalserverorclientcomputer,
whichusuallyhostsusersforbusiness/commercialusage.
on-premisesmessagingsystem(n)~Themessagingsystemthatanadministratorrunson
theirownserversintheirowncompanyascomparedtoamessagingsystemthatisrunin
thecloud(hosted).
on-screeninstructions(n)~Instructionsforusersdisplayedonthescreen.
on-screenkeyboard(n)~Akeyboardrepresentationonthescreenthatallowsusersto
typeusingtouch,astylus,orotherinputdevice.
on-the-wirecompression(n)~AperformanceoptimizationinDPMthatreducesthesize
ofdatatransferredduringreplicacreationandsynchronization,therebyincreasingtherate
ofdatathroughputwithoutnegativelyaffectingnetworkperformance.
ontology(n)~Thescienceofbeing.Itconcernsitselfwiththetypesandstructuresof
objects,relationships,characteristics,events,processes.
OOBE(n)~Theexperiencethatispresentedtoendusersthefirsttimetheystartanew
computer.
OOBEapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatdetermineswhattheout-of-boxexperience
willbe.
oobe.xmlfile(n)~Acontentfilethatcanbeusedtostorecontenttodisplayinthe
customizableareasofWindowsWelcome,WelcomeCenter,andtheGetConnected
Wizard.
OOUI(n)~Auserinterfacethatappearsnearaselectedobject,usuallyaftertheuser
right-clicksaselection,forexample,acontextmenuthatpopsupaboveorbesidea
selectedobjectanddisplaysalistofcommandsthatfittheselection.
opacity(n)~Thequalitythatdefineshowmuchlightpassesthroughanobject’spixels.If
anobjectis100percentopaque,nolightpassesthroughit.
opacitymask(n)~Apathorshapethatisappliedtoanotherobject.Thetransparent
portionsofthepathrepresentareaswheretheunderlyingimageishidden,whereasthe
opaqueportionsofthemaskindicatewherethemaskedobjectisallowed
opaqueURL(n)~AURLthathasaschemethatisnotfollowedbytwoslashes(//).
OPC(PN)~Thespecificationthatdescribestherequirementsforpackagesandfor
softwarethatimplementspackage-processingoperations.
open(adj)~Pertainingtothestatusassignedtorecordsinthesystemthatareinprogress.
open(v)~Tomakeanobject,suchasafile,accessible.
open(adj)~Thestateinaperiodinwhichactivitycanoccur,thestateofanoperational
process,orthestatusofasourcedocument.
openappearance(n)~Thevisualdisplayofanobjectwhentheuseropenstheobjectinto
itsownwindow.
OpenAuthorization(PN)~Anopenstandardforauthorizationwhichallowsusersto
shareresourcesstoredononesitewithanothersitewithouthavingtosharecredentials.
opencontentmodel(n)~AsetofXMLdocumentrulesthatstatesthatanelementinan
XMLdocumentcanhaveadditionalchildelementsandattributesthatarenotdeclaredin
theschemathatthedocumentreferences.
OpenDataServiceslibrary(n)~AsetofCfunctionsthatmakesanapplicationaserver.
ODSlibrarycallsrespondtorequestsfromaclientinaclient/servernetwork.Also
managesthecommunicationanddatabetweentheclientandtheserver.ODSlibrary
followsthetabulardatastream(TDS)protocol.
OpenDatabaseConnectivity(n)~IntheMicrosoftWOSA(WindowsOpenSystem
Architecture)structure,aninterfaceprovidingacommonlanguageforWindows
applicationstogainaccesstoadatabaseonanetwork.
opendepartmentsale(n)~Thesaleofanitemthatisnottrackedindividually(e.g.
throughabarcodeorakeyontheregister).
OpenDeviceAccessModel(PN)~Theaccessmodelforhorizontalsolutions,which
enablesahorizontalstrategy.OpenDeviceAccessenablesmanydifferentWindowsStore
appstoaccessaspecializeddevice.Examples:asmartphonewithmultipleappsthat
synchronizecontacts;apedometerthatallowsmultipleappstoreaditsdataandpostittoa
website.
openfiscalperiod(n)~Thestateofafiscalperiodthatallowsitsuseasatimeperiod
classifierforaccountentries.
opengenerictype(n)~Aconstructedgenerictypeinwhichoneormoreofthegeneric
typeargumentssubstitutedforitsgenerictypeparametersisatypeparameterofan
enclosinggenerictypeormethod.Opengenerictypescannotbeinstantiated.
OpenGeospatialConsortium(PN)~Thestandardsbodythatdefinesstandardsfor
describingandcommunicatinggeospatialdata.
OpenInformationModel(n)~AninformationmodelpublishedbytheMetadata
Coalition(MDC)andwidelysupportedbysoftwarevendors.TheOIMisaformal
descriptionofmetadataconstructsorganizedbysubjectarea.
openopportunity(n)~Anopportunitythathasnotyetbeenwonorlostandisatanyof
thefollowingsalesstages:prospecting,qualification,needsanalysis,proposal,price
quote,negotiation,orreview.
openorder(n)~Anorderthathasnotyetbeenpostedtotheledger.
OpenPackagingConventions(PN)~Thespecificationthatdescribestherequirements
forpackagesandforsoftwarethatimplementspackage-processingoperations.
openpath(n)~Avectorpathwhosebeginningandendpointsarenotthesame.
openproxy(n)~Aproxyserverthatacceptsconnectionrequestsfromanyoneanywhere
andforwardsthetrafficasifithasoriginatedfromthelocalhosts.
OpenReceivedFiles(oth)~AnitemontheFilemenuthatopensfilesthattheuserhas
receivedviaCommunicatorconversations.
openshape(n)~Ashapesuchasaline,arc,orzigzag.Youcanformatanopenshapewith
linepatternsandends,suchasbychangingasolidlinetoadashedlineandaddingan
arrowtooneend.
openshopfloorbin(n)~Thebinatadedicatedareathatcontainsitemsorcomponents
thatarereplenishedmanually.Theitemsareincludedoncomponentlistslikeaproduction
BOMforobtaininganexactregistrationforcostandinvoicingpurposes,buttheyarenot
importantorcommonenoughtoincludeonpicklines.
openshortestpathfirst(n)~AroutingprotocolforInternetProtocol(IP)networks.
OSPFallowsaroutertocalculatetheshortestpathtoeachnodeforsendingmessages.
Theroutersendsinformationonthenodesitislinkedto,calledlink-stateadvertisements,
tootherroutersonthenetworktoaccumulatelink-stateinformationtomakeits
calculations.
OpenSoftwareDescriptorfile(n)~AnXML-basedfilethatinstructstheclientonhow
toretrievethesequencedapplicationfromtheApplicationVirtualization
Management/StreamingServerandhowtorunthesequencedapplicationinitsvirtual
environment.
OpenSource~Software(usually)thatiscreatedanddistributedwitheitherrelaxedorno
copyrightrestrictions.
OpenSource~OpenSourceSoftwareissoftwareforwhichtheunderlyingprogramming
codeisavailabletotheuserssothattheymayreadit,makechangestoit,andbuildnew
versionsofthesoftwareincorporatingtheirchanges.
OpenSyncCenter(v)~AbuttonthatopensSyncCenter.
OpenSystemsInterconnectionmodel(n)~Anetworkingmodelintroducedbythe
InternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)topromotemulti-vendor
interoperability.OSIisaseven-layeredconceptualmodelconsistingoftheapplication,
presentation,session,transport,network,data-link,andphysicallayers.
Openthenewopportunity(v)~CheckboxonConverttoOpportunitydialogboxwhere
theuserchoosesthattheopportunitywillbeopenedaftertheyhaveconverteditfroma
task.
openvisit(n)~Inreports,avisitstillinprogresswhenalogfilestopscollectingdata.
Openwith(PN)~Amenuitemthatletstheuseropenadocumentusingadifferent
applicationthantheoneassociatedwiththedocumenttype.
OpenXMLformats(n)~Aninternationalopenstandardforword-processingdocuments,
presentations,andspreadsheetsthatcanbefreelyimplementedacrossmultiple
applicationsandplatforms.
open-authenticatedmeeting(n)~Anauthenticated-users-onlymeetingthatisopentoall
userswithActiveDirectorycredentials.
openingbalance(n)~Thebalanceofanaccountatthestartofanaccountingperiod.
openingbalance(n)~Thebalanceofanaccountatthebeginningofafiscalperiod.
openingchevron(n)~The-«character.
openingcurlyquotationmark(n)~The-€œcharacter.
openingdate(n)~Thedateonwhichanopeningbalanceisentered.
openingparenthesis(n)~The(character.
openingquotationmark(n)~The-€œcharacter.
OpenLogic(PN)~Acompanythatprovidesopensourcesupport,scanning,provisioning
andgovernancesolutionssothatothercompaniescanleverageopensourcesoftware
safelyandefficiently.
OpenTypefont(n)~Atypeofcomputerfontthatcanberotatedorscaledtoanysize.
OpenTypefontsareclearandreadableinallsizesandcanbesenttoanyprinterorother
outputdevicethatissupportedbyWindows.
Openview~AlineofHewlett-Packardnetworkmanagementtoolsofferingsystem,
network,desktop,ITserviceandInternetmanagementfunctionality.
OpenVPN~OpenVPN-isanopensourceVPNsolution.UnlikemostVPNsystems,
OpenVPNusesSSL/TLStomanageandencrypttheconnection’sdatastream.
Opera(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#103.
operand(n)~Itemsoneithersideofanoperatorinaformula.InExcel,operandscanbe
values,cellreferences,names,labels,andfunctions.
operatingenvironment(n)~Theconfigurationofresourcesavailabletotheuser.
Environmentreferstothehardwareandtheoperatingsystemrunningonit.Forexample,
WindowsandMacintosharecalledwindowingenvironmentsbecausetheyarebasedon
screenregionscalledwindows.
operatingsystem(n)~Thesoftwarethatcontrolstheallocationandusageofhardware
resourcessuchasmemory,centralprocessingunit(CPU)time,diskspace,andperipheral
devices.Theoperatingsystemisthefoundationonwhichprogramsarebuilt.
OperatingSystem~Everycomputerhasanoperatingsystem,whichisasortofmaster
programthatrunsautomaticallywhenyouswitchthecomputeron,andcontinuesrunning
tillyouswitchoff.Itisresponsibleforthemanyroutinetasksrequiredtokeepacomputer
running:movingthepointerwhenyoumovethemouse,providingiconsandmenus,
runningotherprogramssuchasawordprocessororagamewhichyoumayrequest,
controllingthevariousdiskdrives,thescreenandsoon.ThemostwidelyusedPC
operatingsystemisMicrosoft-Windows.
operatingsystemdeployment(n)~AConfigurationManagerfeaturethatallowsyouto
createoperatingsystemimagesanddeploythoseimagestotargetcomputers.
OperatingSystemDeploymentManager(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionsto
administrativeuserssothattheycancreate,deploy,andmanageoperatingsystemimages.
operatingsystemvolume(n)~Avolumethatcontainsanoperatingsystem(forexample,
WindowsVista)thatcanbeloadedbyWindowsBootManager.Agivensystemcanhave
multipleoperatingsystemvolumes.Theoperatingsystemonthecurrentvolumecanbe
startedonlyifithasanentryintheBootConfigurationData(BCD).
operatingunit(n)~Anorganizationthatdividesthecontrolofeconomicresourcesand
operationalprocessesamongpeoplewhohaveadutytomaximizetheuseofscarce
resources,toimproveprocesses,andtoaccountfortheirperformance.
operation(n)~Inmathematics,anactionperformedonasetofentitiesthatproducesa
newentity.Examplesofmathematicaloperationsareadditionandsubtraction.
operation(n)~Aspecificactioncarriedoutbyacomputerintheprocessofexecutinga
program.
operation(n)~Aspecifictaskinthemanufacturingprocess.
operation(n)~Arequestorrequest-responsepairingonaportthatisassociatedwith
eitherasendorreceiveaction.
operationtype(n)~InformationthatisrequestedontheresourcemanagedbyILM
throughtheWebservice.Thisincludesinformationoncreatinganddeletingobjects,and
readingandmodifyingobjectattributes.Inaddition,Add/Removeoperationsletyouapply
furthercontroltothemodifyoperationtocontrolonlyadditionofattributesortheir
removal.
operationaldata(n)~Datathatiscollected,typicallyinlogfiles,onadailyorother
periodicbasis.Afteritiscollected,operationaldataisoftenimportedintotheData
Warehouse.
operationaldatabase(oth)~ASQLServer2008database,bydefaultnamed
OperationsManager,whichstoresconfigurationdata,operationsdata,andsecuritydata.
operationallog(n)~Alogthatcontainsinformationaboutoperationscarriedoutbya
computerintheprocessofexecutingaprogram.
operationalworkflow(n)~Aworkflowthatissynchronousandstartsimmediately.
OperationsAdministrator(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstoadministrative
userssothattheycanperformallactionsinConfigurationManagerexceptforthosethat
arerequiredtomanagesecurity.
Operationsconsole(n)~TheOperationsManagerinterfacethatyouusetoperform
monitoring,administration,authoring,andreportingfunctions.
operationsjournalentry(n)~Arecordoftheoperationalandlegalconsequencesofa
resourceflowevent.
OperationsManagerConnectorFramework(PN)~AninterfacetotheSystemCenter
DataAccessservicethatallowsapplicationstosynchronouslycommunicatewiththeroot
managementserver.
OperationsManagerdatabase(n)~ASQLServer2005orSQLServer2008database,
namedOperationsManagerbydefault,whichstoresconfigurationdata,operationsdata,
andsecuritydata.
OperationsManagerHealthExplorer(n)~AfeatureofOperationsManagerthatallows
youtoviewandthentakeactiononalerts,statechanges,andothersignificantissues
generatedbymonitoringobjectsonyournetwork.
OperationsManagerobject(n)~Amemberofaclassofelementsmanagedby
OperationsManager.Forexample,anOperationsManagerComputerobjectcouldreferto
aparticularcomputerthatisamemberoftheOperationsManagerComputerclass.
OperationsManagerreportingserver(n)~Theserverrolethatisresponsiblefor
buildingandpresentingreports.
OperationsManagerShell(PN)~AcustomizedinstanceofWindowsPowerShellthat
providesacollectionofOperationsManager-specificcmdlets.
operationsmaster(n)~Adomaincontrollerthathasbeenassignedoneormorespecial
rolesinanActiveDirectorydomain.
operationsnetwork(n)~Anorganizationofoperationsthatsynchronizesthe
dependenciesbetweenoperationsbasedonstarting/endingtimes,costs,andothercriteria.
Theorganizationformsanetworkthatfollowsthemanufacturingprocessfrombeginning
toend.Thethreetypesofnetworksaresimplenetwork,simultaneousoperationsnetwork,
andcomplexnetwork.
operationsregister(n)~Aregisterthatisusedtorecordtheoperationalandlegal
consequencesofresourcefloweventsinanaccountingsystem.
operationsresource(n)~Aneconomicresourceprovidedbyproductsthatflowintoor
flowoutofoperationsactivities.
operator(n)~Apersonwhocontrolsamachineorsystem,suchasacomputeror
telephoneswitchboard.
operator(n)~Asignorsymbolthatspecifiesthetypeofcalculationtoperformwithinan
expression.Therearemathematical,comparison,logical,andreferenceoperators.
operator(n)~Anelementofafilterthatspecifiesarelationshipbetweendatavalues,such
ascomparisonorequality.
operator(n)~AnatomicunitofaqueryasscheduledbytheStreamInsightserverto
processtheeventsonwhichthequeryisapplied.ExamplesincludeSELECT,PROJECT,
AGGREGATE,UNION,TOPKandJOIN.Operatorsarefullycomposableandhavea
specificnumberofinputsandoutputs.SeeOtherTerms:query,querytemplate,
composable.
operator(n)~Anobjectthatprocessesandenhancesitemsinacontentprocessingflow
andprocessesandenhancesqueriesinaqueryprocessingflow.
operatoroverloading(n)~Theassignmentofmorethanonefunctiontoaparticular
operator,withtheimplicationthattheoperationperformedwillvarydependingonthe
datatype(operands)involved.Somelanguages,suchasAdaandC++,specificallyallow
foroperatoroverloading.
operatorprocedure(n)~AseriesofVisualBasicstatementsthatdefinethebehaviorofa
standardoperator(suchas*,<>orAnd)onaclassorstructureyouhavedefined.Thisis
alsocalledoperatoroverloading.
OPK(n)~Asetoftools,documentation,andsamplesthatenableOEMstopreinstall
WindowsefficientlyonnewcomputersaccordingtothetermsoftheOEMLicensing
Agreement.
OPML(n)~AnXMLformatforoutlines.
OPOS(n)~Awidely-adoptedPOSdevicestandardinitiatedbyMicrosoft,NCR,Epson,
andFujitsu-ICLtohelpintegratePOShardwareintoapplicationsfortheWindows-„¢
familyofoperatingsystems.
OPP(n)~Thesoftwareinfrastructurethatlinksseveralcomponentsandrunsthemin
sequence.
opportunisticlock(n)~Alockplacedbyaclientonafileresidingonaserver.
OpportunitiesReferredBy(n)~Afieldthatholdsthenameofthepersonwhoprovided
theopportunity.
opportunity(n)~Apotentialrevenue-generatingevent,orsaletoanaccount,thatneeds
tobetrackedthroughasalesprocesstocompletion.
opportunitycompetitor(n)~Acompetitortoaparticularsalesopportunity.
opportunityfunnel(n)~Opportunitiesgroupedbysalesstage.Ifviewedinachart
format,thegroupingscouldresembleanabstractfunnel.Thewideendconsistsofleads.
Thenarrowendconsistsofactualsales.
OpportunityRecord(n)~Thelocationforstoringopportunityinformation,including
informationthatisenteredontheOpportunityform,linkedrecords,andhistoryitems.
opportunityrelationship(n)~Inarelationshiprole,arelationshipbetweenacustomer
(accountorcontact)andanopportunity.
OpportunityType(PN)~AfieldontheDetailstaboftheCreateNewOpportunityscreen
thatallowstheusertocategorizeasalesopportunity.
OpposingArrows(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowtwoopposingideas,or
ideasthatdivergefromacentralpoint.EachofthefirsttwolinesofLevel1text
correspondstoanarrow.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitch
layouts.
oppositeaccount(n)~Anaccountusedtobalancethegrossamountinpartorinwholeof
oneormorereferencedaccountsinanaccountingequation.
optin(oth)~Toexplicitlyconsenttoparticipate.Typicallyusedinmarketingprograms
andofferings,wherebyanaction(suchastheuseofpersonalinformationbeyondthe
original,primarypurposeforwhichitwascollected)isnotundertakenunlessan
individualexplicitlyconsents.Anelementofchoice.
optout(v)~Toexplicitlydeclinetoparticipate.Typicallyusedinmarketingprogramsand
offerings,wherebyanaction(suchastheuseofpersonalinformationbeyondtheoriginal,
primarypurposeforwhichitwascollected)isundertakenunlessanindividualexplicitly
declines.Anelementofchoice.
opticalcharacterrecognition(n)~Amethodoftranslatingimagesofprintedtextinto
machine-encodedtext.
opticalcharacterrecognitionline(n)~Alineofcharactersthatisreadbyspecial
characterrecognitionequipmentandtranslatedintocomputertext.
opticalcoherencetomography(n)~Animagingmethodusedtoobtainhighresolution
cross-sectionalimagesoftheretina.
opticalzoom(n)~Theadjustmentofthemagnificationofacontentareaoranobject
(suchasaphotograph).DeveloperscanspecifyCSS(usingjustoneline)toenablean
elementtobezoomedbytheuserviatouch,mouse,andkeyboard.Thisisvisually
zoominginonanimageordocument,etc..Whenyouzoom,thethingyou’relookingat
getsbigger,maintainingproportionality
optimisticconcurrency(n)~Atypeoflockinginwhichthedatapageorrowcontaining
oneormorerecords(rows)—(includingthedatabeingedited)—isunavailabletoother
usersonlywhilethedataisbeingupdated,butisavailablebetweentheEditandUpdate
operations.
optimisticconcurrency(n)~Amethodofmanagingconcurrencybyusingacached
object’sversioninformation.Becauseeveryupdatetoanobjectchangesitsversion
number,usingversioninformationpreventstheupdatefromoverwritingsomeoneelse’s
changes.
optimisticduration(n)~Thebest-casepossibilityforthetotalspanofactiveworking
timeexpectedforatask,thatis,theamountoftimefromtheoptimisticstarttooptimistic
finishofatask.
optimization(n)~Theprocessofacompilerorassemblerinproducingefficient
executablecode.
optimization(n)~Inprogramming,theprocessofproducingmoreefficient(smalleror
faster)programsthroughselectionanddesignofdatastructures,algorithms,and
instructionsequences.
optimize(v)~Toconfigureadeviceorapplicationsothatitperformsbetter.Forexample,
tofine-tuneaprogramsothatitrunsmorequicklyortakesuplessspace.
optimizesynchronization(n)~Anoptioninmergereplicationthatallowsyouto
minimizenetworktrafficwhendeterminingwhetherrecentchangeshavecausedarowto
moveintooroutofapartitionthatispublishedtoaSubscriber.
optimizedHTML(n)~AnHTMLcodethatdoesn’tcontainunnecessaryformattingor
tags.
optimizedpalette(n)~Apalettethatyoucreateandfillyourself.Afteryoucreatean
optimizedpalette,youcanmodifythecolorsinitorremovethepalettealtogether.
optimizedpatching(n)~Aprocessthatreducesthetimethatisrequiredtoapplyupdates
toinstalledapplicationswherebyonlythepartsofanapplicationthataremodifiedbyan
updateactuallychange.
optimizingcompiler(n)~Acompilerthatanalyzesitsoutput(assemblylanguageor
machinecode)toproducemoreefficient(smallerorfaster)instructionsequences.
optimizingoncapacity(n)~Alimitedcapacitysituationwhereproductionisscheduled
aroundexistingreservationsforworkcenters.Productionbeginswhencapacitybecomes
available.
optionbutton(n)~Astandardcontrolthatallowsausertoselectfromafixedsetof
mutuallyexclusivechoices.
optiongroup(n)~Aframethatcancontaincheckboxes,togglebuttons,andoption
buttonsonaform,report,ordataaccesspage.Youuseanoptiongrouptopresent
alternativesfromwhichtheusercanselectasingleoption.
optionROM(n)~FirmwarecalledbythesystemBIOSduringthePCbootprocess.
optionset(n)~Atypeoffieldthatcontainsasetofoptions.
optional(adj)~Pertainingtoacomponent,parameterandsoonthatisnotrequiredor
automatic.
optionalattendee(n)~Apersonwhoisnotrequiredtoattendameeting.
optionalfield(n)~Afieldthatneednotcontainavaluewhenarecordisupdatedor
insertedintothedatabase.
optionalhyphen(n)~Ahyphenthatisusedtocontrolwhereawordorphrasebreaksifit
fallsattheendofaline.Forexample,youcanspecifythatthewordnonprinting’breaksas
‘non-printing’ratherthan‘nonprint-ing.”
optionalsection(n)~Acontrolonaformthatcontainsothercontrolsandthatusually
doesnotappearbydefault.Userscaninsertandremoveoptionalsectionswhenfillingout
theform.
Options(n)~Amenuchoiceinmanyapplicationsthatallowstheusertospecifyhowthe
programwillacteachtimeitisused.Forexample,theusermaybeallowedtospecify
whichviewwillbeusedwhenopeningafile,orthedefaultlocationinwhichcertainfile
typeswillbesaved.
Options(PN)~AUIelementthatopenstheOptionsdialogbox,wheretheusercan
changeLyncorCommunicatorsettingsandpreferences.
option-setappearance(n)~Thevisualdisplayforacontrolwhenitsvalueisset.
opt-outlist(n)~Alistofuserswhohavechosentoopt-outofamailinglist.
OPX(n)~Anorganizationchartfileformatwithfileextension.opx.
OR(n)~Alogicaloperationforcombiningtwobits(0or1)ortwoBooleanvalues(false
ortrue).Ifoneorbothvaluesare1(true),itreturnsthevalue1(true).
ORconstraint(n)~Anindicatorofasituationinwhichanyinstanceofaclasscan
participateinonlyoneassociationatonetime.Theconstraintisshownasadashedline
connectingtwoormoreassociations,whichmusthaveaclassincommon.
OracleDatabaseEnterpriseEdition(PN)~TheeditionoftheOracleDatabasefor
customersdeployingprivatedatabasecloudsandforSaaSvendorswhoneedasecureand
isolatedmultitenantmodel.
OracleWebLogicServerEnterprise(PN)~TheenterpriseeditionoftheOracle
WebLogicServerproductforhighavailabilityandsuperiordiagnosticcapabilities.It
includesallthefeaturesandbenefitsofOracleWebLogicServerStandardEditionplus
clusteringtechnology,multi-domainmanagement,andcomprehensivediagnostictooling.
OracleWebLogicServerStandard(PN)~TheStandardeditionoftheOracleWebLogic
Serverproductthatprovidesdeveloperswiththetoolsandtechnologiestowriteenterprise
applicationsandservicesquickly.Inproduction,OracleWebLogicServerStandard
Editionprovidesoperationsteamswiththeadministrationcapabilitiestokeepenterprise
applicationsandservicesupandrunning.
orangebook~TheformatthatenablesCD-RdrivestorecorddiscsthatregularCD-ROM
playerscanread.OrangeBookdefineshowCD-Rdevicescanappendindexdatatoan
existingdisc’sdirectoryifyouaddmoredatatothediscinmultiplesessions.
orangebook~
Orangefilter(n)~OneofthemostcommonfiltersusedinB&Wphotography.Increases
contrastmorethantheyellowfilter.
OrangeHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialog
boxthatconsistsofarangeoforangecolors.
orbit(v)~Tomovethecameraarounda3Dobject.
orbit(n)~Anumberassignedtoaparkedcallbythecallparkserver.
orchestration(n)~Anexecutablebusinessprocess.
Orchestrationconsole(n)~Aweb-basedconsolethatyoucanusetostart,stop,andview
informationaboutrunbooks.
orchestrationdatabase(n)~TheOracleorSQLServerdatabasewhereconfiguration
information,runbooks,andlogsarestored.
OrchestrationDesigner(n)~Agraphicaluser-interfacetoolusedtodesignand
implementbusinessprocesses.
orchestrationinstance(n)~Arunninginstanceofaspecificexecutablebusinessprocess.
OrchestratorIntegrationToolkit(PN)~Asetofsoftwaretoolsthatyoucanusetocreate
customintegrationpacks.
OrchestratorManagementServer(PN)~Thecomputerthatprovidesthe
communicationlayerbetweentheRunbookDesignerandtheorchestrationdatabase.
OrchestratorManagementService(PN)~Theservicethatisresponsibleformaintaining
theorchestrationdatabase,communicatingwiththeRunbookDesigners,and
communicatingwiththeDeploymentManager.
OrchestratorOrchestrationConsole(PN)~Awebapplicationthatrunsrunbooks.It
requirestheOrchestratorwebservicetoconnecttotheorchestrationdatabase.
OrchestratorRunbookServer(PN)~Aserverrolethatprocessestheactivitiesfora
runninginstanceofarunbookandpublishesanyactivitydata.
OrchestratorRunbookServerMonitor(PN)~Aservicethatisinstalledonthe
managementservertomonitorthehealthofrunbookservers.
OrchestratorRunbookService(PN)~Aservicethatisinstalledoneachrunbookserver
thatrunsrunbooksandcommunicateswiththeorchestrationdatabase.
order(n)~Thefront-to-backplacementofanobjectrelativetootherobjectsinapicture
ordocument.
order(v)~Toarrangeinasequence,suchasalphabeticornumeric.
order(n)~Aconfirmedrequestfordeliveryofgoodsandservicesbasedonspecified
terms.Anorderisaquotethathasbeenacceptedbyacustomer.
order(n)~AnonlinepurchasesubmittedbyausertoyourWebsite.
order(n)~Theorderinwhichobjectsareplacedinalayer.Anobjecthigherinthestack
willcoverup(appearontopof)onelowerinthestack.
orderdiscount(n)~Afixedamountorpercentagedeductedthatappliestoanordertotal.
orderentry(n)~Amethodofcapturingsalesordersandpurchaseordersusingasoftware
application.
orderformobject(n)~Theobjectthatstoresstatedataaboutthecurrent,andpossibly
historical,purchasesofaparticularcustomer.
orderheader(n)~Thepartofasalesorderorpurchaseorderthatappliestotheentire
order.
orderID(n)~Anumberthatthesystemassignstoanorderforidentificationpurposes.
orderline(n)~Thepartofasalesorderorpurchaseorderthatspecifiesthedetailed
informationaboutarequesteditem.
orderprocessingpipeline(n)~Thesoftwareinfrastructurethatlinksseveralcomponents
andrunstheminsequence.
orderstatuscode(n)~Anumericaldatacodethatidentifiesthetypesoforderstatusused
onyourWebsite.Forexample,youmaycreateorderstatuscodestodefinesavedorders,
deletedorders,orunprocessedorders.
orderedset(n)~Asetofmembersreturnedinaspecificorder.
orderedtest(n)~Atestthatcontainsothertests,whichareruninaspecificorder.
OrderFormheader(n)~ThelogicalgroupingoffieldsattherootoftheOrderFormthat
maptotheOrderFormHeadertableintheCommerceServerDataWarehouse.
ordinalnumber(n)~Anumberwhoseformindicatespositioninanorderedsequenceof
items,suchasfirst,third,ortwentieth.
ordinarycharacter(n)~Inregularexpressions,anyvalidcharacterthatdoesnothavea
specialmeaninginthecurrentregularexpressiongrammar.
orgchart(n)~Adiagramthatisusedtoshowhierarchicalrelationships;forexample,
companymanagementandemployeestructures.
organization(n)~Thetoplevelofabusinesshierarchy.
organization(n)~Aworkstructurethatdividestheresponsibilityforeconomicresources
andprocesses.
organizationchart(n)~Adiagramthatisusedtoshowhierarchicalrelationships;for
example,companymanagementandemployeestructures.
OrganizationChart(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowhierarchical
informationorreportingrelationshipsinanorganization.TheassistantshapeandtheOrg
Charthanginglayoutsareavailablewiththislayout.
OrganizationChartAdd-inforMicrosoft-®Officeprograms(n)~Microsoft
supplementalsoftwarethatenablesuserstocreateandeditorganizationchartsin
MicrosoftOfficeprograms.
organizationclaim(n)~Aclaiminintermediateornormalizedformwithinan
organization’snamespace.
OrganizationConfigurationnode(PN)~InExchangeServer2007,anodeinthe
ConsolepaneoftheExchangeManagementConsolethatadministratorsusetoconfigure
administrativeaccessrolesforusersorgroups.
organizationhierarchy(n)~Astructurethatordersorganizationsusingasuperordinate-
subordinaterelationship.
organizationmodel(n)~Internalcontrol,dataaccess,andperformancereporting
structuresdesignedtodivideresponsibilityforhumanandoperationsresourcesandwork
processes.
organizationprofile(n)~Asetofpropertiesthatdescribeacompany,division,
department,orotherbusinessunitwithinacompany.Forexample,name,accountnumber,
spendinglimits,companydiscount,andsoforth,areallpropertiesthatcanconstitutean
organizationprofile.
OrganizationalHealthreport(n)~Areportthatprovidesyouaquickviewofyour
organizationanditsoperatingcharacteristics.Thisincludeshealthandlicensing
information,andalsoasummaryoftheExchangeserversandrecipients.
organizationalunit(n)~Atypeofentrythatisusedspecificallyforstoringinformation
onasectionofanorganization.Itcanrepresentadepartmentoragroupofpeople,for
example,ou=AccountingDept.
organizationalunit(n)~AnActiveDirectorycontainerobjectusedwithindomains.An
organizationalunitisalogicalcontainerintowhichusers,groups,computers,andother
organizationalunitsareplaced.Itcancontainobjectsonlyfromitsparentdomain.An
organizationalunitisthesmallestscopetowhichaGroupPolicyobject(GPO)canbe
linked,oroverwhichadministrativeauthoritycanbedelegated.
organizationallyuniqueidentifier(n)~Anuniqueidentifierassignedtoorganizations
andmanagedbytheIEEE.
Organizationspage(n)~ThepageintheAdministrationCenterthatdetailsallhosted
organizationsinacustomer’saccount.
Organizer(n)~Auserwhocanschedulemeetings,sendinvitations,doallthesharing
activitiesinameeting,andadmitparticipantsfromthelobby.
organizer(n)~Auserwhocanschedulemeetings,sendinvitations,doallthesharing
activitiesinameeting,andadmitparticipantsfromthelobby.
orientation(n)~Thedirectionapublicationwillbeprintedonasheetofpaper.Youcan
chooseeitherportrait,whichisthetaller-than-wideorientation,orlandscape,whichisthe
wider-than-tallorientation.
orientation(n)~Thealignmentofanitem,suchasacontrol.
origin(n)~Thezeropointsoftheaxesofanycoordinatesystemusedtodrawgraphical
objects.In2-Dtheoriginis(0,0).
originobject(n)~Anobjectinarepositorythatistheorigininadirectionalrelationship.
originserver(n)~Aserveronwhichagivenresourceresides.
originset(n)~Asetinwhicharesourcebelongedpriortoachangeinthatresource’s
attributes.
originaldesignmanufacturer(n)~Amanufacturerthatdesignsandmanufacturesits
ownproductsandsellsthemtoothercompanieswithestablishedbrandnames.
EstablishedbrandnamecompaniesaddtheirlogosandsellODMproductsastheirown.
originalsalesinvoice(n)~Asalesinvoicethatiscreatedfromanoriginalsalesorder.
originalsalesorder(n)~Anormalsalesorderthatiscreatedinanintercompany
companyforanexternalcustomerandthatautomaticallygeneratesintercompanyorders.
originatingcurrency(n)~Thecurrencyinwhichabusinessexchangeistransactedand
recorded.
OriginatingLead(n)~Alook-upfieldintheopportunity,account,andcontactformsin
whichusersselecttheleadthatwasoriginallyidentifiedasasalesopportunityandthat
leadtothecurrentopportunity,account,orcontact.
originator(n)~Thepersonwhostartedaworkflow.
orphan(n)~Thefirstlineofaparagraphprintedbyitselfatthebottomofapage.
orphanline(n)~Thefirstlineofaparagraphprintedbyitselfatthebottomofapage.
orphanedclient(n)~Aclientthatcannotcommunicatewithitsassignedsite.
orphanedresource(n)~AVirtualMachineManagerlibraryresourceonalibraryserver
thathasbeenremovedfromVMM,buttheresourceisstillusedinavirtualmachine
templateoraservicetemplate.
orphanedterm(n)~Atermthatwasreusedandwhosesourcetermwasdeleted.
orthographiccamera(n)~Acamerathatpreservestherelativesizesofobjects.Building
planstypicallyusethisprojectionbecauseofthislackofdistortion.Itcanalsobeuseful
forcertainkindsofdatavisualization,suchasbarcharts.
OSupgrademode(n)~TheoptionsforapplyingguestOSupgradestotheVMs.
Availableoptionsareautomatic,inwhichtheOSisupgradedwheneveranewguestOSis
releasedinMicrosoftAzure,andmanual,inwhichtheuserchooseswhentoupgradethe
VMsandwhatguestOSversiontoupgradeto.
OS/2(n)~Aprotected-mode,virtualmemory,multitaskingoperatingsystemforpersonal
computersbasedontheIntel80286,80386,i486,andPentiumprocessors.OS/2canrun
mostMS-DOS-basedprogramsandcanreadallMS-DOSdisks.
OS/2~(OperatingSystem2)-ArivalPC-operatingsystem-toMicrosoftWindows,
producedbyIBMinthe1990s.Itstillhasasmall,dedicatedcoreofsupporters,butdidn’t
catchonandformostpurposesisobsolete.
OSC(PN)~Asetoffeaturesthatincorporateselementsofsocialnetworkingintothe
Outlookexperience.Itprovidesrelevantcontextualinformationaboutthepeoplewhom
usersinteractwithinOutlook,basedonlocaldata(e-mailandcalendaritems)andsocial
activity(newsfeedsandstatusupdates).
OSDfile(n)~AnXML-basedfilethatinstructstheclientonhowtoretrievethe
sequencedapplicationfromtheApplicationVirtualizationManagement/StreamingServer
andhowtorunthesequencedapplicationinitsvirtualenvironment.
OSDSourceRoot(n)~Aregistrykeythatallowsspecificationofasourcelocationfor
OSDfileretrievalforanapplicationpackageduringpublication.OSDSourceRootsonly
supportUNCformats(notURLs).
OSI(n)~AnetworkingmodelintroducedbytheInternationalOrganizationfor
Standardization(ISO)topromotemulti-vendorinteroperability.OSIisaseven-layered
conceptualmodelconsistingoftheapplication,presentation,session,transport,network,
data-link,andphysicallayers.
OSImodel(n)~AnetworkingmodelintroducedbytheInternationalOrganizationfor
Standardization(ISO)topromotemulti-vendorinteroperability.OSIisaseven-layered
conceptualmodelconsistingoftheapplication,presentation,session,transport,network,
data-link,andphysicallayers.
OSP(n)~Aproviderofonlineserviceslikee-mail,messaging,andothers(example:
WindowsLive,Yahoo,Google).
OSPF(n)~AroutingprotocolforInternetProtocol(IP)networks.OSPFallowsarouterto
calculatetheshortestpathtoeachnodeforsendingmessages.Theroutersends
informationonthenodesitislinkedto,calledlink-stateadvertisements,tootherrouters
onthenetworktoaccumulatelink-stateinformationtomakeitscalculations.
OTB(PN)~AVisualJ#featurethatisdesignedforsimpleobject-leveltesting.
OTC(oth)~Medicationwhichisavailablewithoutaprescription.
Other(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#12.
OtherContacts(PN)~AdefaultcontactgroupnamethatLyncandCommunicatorusefor
allcontactswhohavenotbeenplacedinauser-definedcontactgroup.
othere-mailaddress(n)~TheaddressbywhichaExchangeServerrecipientobjectis
recognizedinaforeignmessagingsystem.InOutlookLive,proxyaddressesletpeople
receivee-mailthatissenttodifferente-mailaddresses.
OtherPhone(PN)~AbuttonintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePersonaltab,thattheuser
clickstoenteraphonenumberotherthanawork,home,ormobilephonenumber.
otherwiseelement(n)~Alogical‘else’statementinaworkflowthatdefinesan
alternativeactioninallcasesthatdonotmatchthecriteriadefinedinconditionorbranch
elements.
OTP(n)~Passwordsproducedbyspecialpasswordgeneratingsoftwareorbyahardware
tokenandthatcanbeusedonlyonce.
OTP(oth)~AgovernmenttransactionportalfortheNetherlandsthatpromotesand
supportselectroniccommunicationbetweenbusinessesandgovernmentagencies.
OTS(oth)~Aversionofelevationpromptthatallowsanadministratortoenter
administrativecredentialstoallowaprocesstorunwiththefullaccesstokenofthe
administratorduringthestandardusersession.
OUI(n)~AnuniqueidentifierassignedtoorganizationsandmanagedbytheIEEE.
outofbandmanagement(n)~AfeatureinConfigurationManagerthatallowscomputers
tobemanagedoutsidestandardmanagementchannelsbyconnectingtoasupported
managementcontroller.ThismanagementchannelisindependentfromtheConfiguration
Managerclientandtheoperatingsystem.
outofbandmanagementconsole(n)~Anadministrativeconsolethatprovidespowerful
administrativecontrolforAMT-basedcomputers,includingtaskssuchaspoweronand
off,checksysteminformationandstatus,bootfromanalternativelocation,reconfigure
BIOSsettings,andruncommandsandcharacter-baseddiagnosticapplications.
outofbandservicepoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemthathastheroleof
provisioningcomputersforoutofbandmanagement.
outofmemory(n)~Runninglowonmemory.
OutofOffice(PN)~Astatusthatcanbeappliedtoblocksoftimeinauser’sCalendarto
indicatethattheuserwillbeaway.
Outofoffice(PN)~ApresencestatusdisplayedwhenausersetsupanOutofOffice
auto-replyinMicrosoftOutlook.Iftheuserdoesn’thaveapersonalnote,theirOutlook
OutofOfficemessagewillappearastheirpersonalnote.
OutofOfficeAssistant(PN)~Atoolthatallowstheusertoconfigureauto-replies.
OutofOfficemessage(n)~Theauto-replytextspecifiedusingOutlook’sAutomatic
RepliesorOutofOfficeAssistant.
Outage~Thetimewhenacomputersystem,telecomsfacilities,mainselectricity
supplies,etc.areunavailableforuseduetosomefailure.Alsoknownasdowntime.
Plannedoutagesarescheduledinadvance.outRagesarewhathappenswhentheyarenot.
Outboundarea(n)~TheareaontheOrganizationspagethatdisplaysoutboundaddresses
whentheserviceisconfiguredandsetup.HostedcustomersneedtorequestEHS
TechnicalSupporttoaddorremoveaddressesthatarecurrentlysubjecttooutboundEHS
filtering.
outboundattributeflow(n)~Thedirectionthattheattributeflowtakeswhengoingfrom
ILMtoaconnectedsystem.
outbounddock(n)~Theplatforminawarehousewheregoodsareloadedforshipment
outofthewarehouse.
OutboundMailServerIPs(n)~AlistontheOrganizationspagethatdisplaysall
outboundIPaddressesthathavebeenconfiguredtousetheoutboundscanningservicesin
theHostedFilteringnetwork.
outboundport(n)~Aportforservicingoutboundrequests.
outboundrouter(n)~Anapplicationonthefront-endserverthatmanagestheroutingof
outboundmessagesfromunifiedcommunicationsusers.
outboundtranslationrule(n)~Arulethatconvertsphonenumberstothelocaldialing
formatforinteractionwithprivatebranchexchange(PBX)systems.
outbox(n)~Afolderthatstoresmessagesthathavebeencreatedbutnotyetsent.
Outcome(PN)~AfieldonthePartnerDetailsformthatallowstheusertoselecttheresult
ofasalesopportunity.
outdent(n)~Anindentwherethetextisdisplacedintotheleftmarginiftextdirectionis
settoleft-to-right,ortowardtherightmarginiftextdirectionissettoright-to-left.
outdent(v)~Tomoveatasktoahigheroutlinelevel[totheleft]intheTaskNamefield.
outdialing(n)~AprocessinwhichUnifiedMessagingdialscalls.UnifiedMessaging
generallyreceivescalls,butsometimesdialscalls.Forexample,outdialingoccurswhen
UnifiedMessagingtransfersacalltoanautoattendantorasubscriberusesPlay-on-Phone
fromOutlook.
Outdoor(adj)~Thenameofadeviceprofilethathandlesincomingcallsbyusingcertain
notificationsettingsspecifiedbytheuser.
outerglow(n)~Aneffectthatappliesahaloofcoloraroundtheperimeterofanobject.
outerjoin(n)~Ajointhatincludesalltherowsfromthejoinedtablesthatmeetthesearch
conditions,evenrowsfromonetableforwhichthereisnomatchingrowintheotherjoin
table.
Outgoing(PN)~Alabelthatindicatesacallmadefromthephone.
outgoingcall(n)~Anattemptbyausertooriginatecommunicationwithasecondparty.
outgoingcall(n)~Acallthatoriginatesfromyourmobiledevice.
outgoingline(n)~Thephonelinebeingusedtoplacephonecalls.
outgoingmessage(n)~Amessagethatcanbesenttooneormorerecipientsacrossoneor
moremessagingsystemsorbepostedtoafolderinamessagestore.
OutgoingNumber(n)~Astringthatappearsintheconversationwindowstatusbarto
displaythenumbertheuseriscurrentlycalling.
outline(n)~Worksheetdatainwhichrowsorcolumnsofdetaildataaregroupedsothat
youcancreatesummaryreports.Theoutlinecansummarizeeitheranentireworksheetor
aselectedportionofit.
outlinecode(n)~Acustomtagthatusersdefinefortasksorresourcestoallowthemto
showahierarchyofthetasksintheirprojectthatisdifferentfromWBScodesoroutline
numbers.Youcancreateupto10setsofcustomoutlinecodesinyourproject.
outlineeffect(n)~Aneffectthatappliestotheexteriorborderaroundeachcharacterof
yourtextorshape.
outlinefont(n)~Afont(typedesign)storedinacomputerorprinterasasetofoutlines
fordrawingeachofthealphabeticandothercharactersinacharacterset.Outlinefontsare
templatesratherthanactualpatternsofdotsandarescaledupordowntomatcha
particulartypesize.
outlinelayoutview(n)~Aviewthatshowstheheadingsofadocumentindentedto
representtheirlevelinthedocument’sstructure.Youcanalsousethisviewtoworkwith
masterdocuments.
outlinelevel(n)~Paragraphformattingyoucanusetoassignahierarchicallevel(Level1
throughLevel9)toparagraphsinyourdocument.Forexample,afteryouassignoutline
levels,youcanworkwiththedocumentinoutlinevieworintheDocumentMap.
outlinelevel(n)~Thenumberoflevelsthatataskisindentedfromthetoplevelofthe
outline.Youcanindenttasksupto65,000levelsinProject.
outlinenumber(n)~Anumberthatindicatestheexactpositionofataskinanoutline.
Forexample,ataskwithanoutlinenumberof7.2indicatesthatit’sthesecondsubtask
undertheseventhtop-levelsummarytask.
outlinenumberedlist(n)~Alistcreatedtoapplyahierarchicalstructuretoanylistor
document.Adocumentcanhaveuptoninelevels,andMicrosoftOfficeWorddoesnot
applybuilt-inheadingstylestotheitemsinthelist.
OutlineProcessorMarkupLanguage(n)~AnXMLformatforoutlines.
outlinesymbol(n)~Asymbolthatisdisplayedbesideaparagraphinoutlineview.You
canusethesymboltodisplayorhidesubordinatelevelsoftextandtoreorganizetext
quickly.
Outlook2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofOutlook.
Outlookadd-in(n)~AtoolthatenablestheintegrationofanapplicationwithOutlook.
OutlookAddressBook(n)~Anaddressbookthatisautomaticallycreatedfromcontacts
intheContactsfolder.Thecontactscanbepeopleinsideandoutsideofyourorganization.
Whenyouupdateyourcontacts,theOutlookAddressBookisupdatedaswell.
OutlookAnywhere(PN)~AfeaturethatenablestheusertoaccessOutlookdataoverthe
InternetwithoutaVPNconnection.
OutlookCalendar(PN)~TheOutlookappthatfacilitatesthemanagementofevents.
OutlookConnectorPack(PN)~SoftwarethatenablesmanagementofHotmailemail,
calendar,andcontactsfromwithinOutlook.
OutlookE-MailPostmark(n)~AcomputationalproofthatOutlookappliestooutgoing
messagestohelprecipientmessagingsystemsdistinguishlegitimatee-mailfromjunke-
mail.
Outlooke-mailprofile(n)~InformationthatOutlookusestorememberthee-mail
accountsandthesettingsthattellOutlookwhereyoure-mailisstored.
OutlookforMac(PN)~TheversionofOutlookthatrunsontheMacoperatingsystem.
OutlookforMacdatafile(n)~AfileexportedbyOutlookforMacthatcontainsauser’s
e-mailmessages,contacts,calendarevents,andotherinformation.
OutlookforMacforOffice365(PN)~TheversionofOutlookfromOffice365thatruns
ontheMacoperatingsystem.
OutlookforMacPreview(PN)~ThepublicpreviewofOutlookforMac.
Outlookintegration(n)~ConnectivitybetweenLyncorOfficeCommunicator,and
OutlookwhereLyncorOfficeCommunicatorreceivesdatafromOutlooktomakethe
functionsofLyncorOfficeCommunicatorwork.
Outlookitem(n)~ThebasicelementthatholdsinformationinOutlook(similartoafile
inotherprograms).Itemsincludee-mailmessages,appointments,contacts,tasks,journal
entries,notes,posteditems,anddocuments.
OutlookLiveManagementAgent(PN)~TheMicrosoftIdentityLifecycleManager
(ILM)2007managementagentprovidedbyMicrosofttoconnecttoOutlookLive.Itisan
ILMcomponentthatconsistsofproperties,rules,andrulesextensionsthatdeterminehow
anobjectisprocessed.
OutlookMail(PN)~TheOutlookappforsendingandreceivingemail.
OutlookMailandCalendar(PN)~ThetwoMicrosoftappsthatallowuserstosendand
receivemail,aswellasmanageevents.
OutlookMailandOutlookCalendar(PN)~ThetwoMicrosoftappsthatallowusersto
sendandreceivemail,aswellasmanageevents.
OutlookMobileService(PN)~AfeatureinOutlookthatisusedtocreateandsendtext
messagesaswellasmultimediamessagestoamobiledevicefromwithinOutlookina
mannersimilartoe-mailmessages.
Outlookontheweb(PN)~TheMicrosoftOfficeapplication-€”forusebybothconsumer
andcommercialusers-€”thatprovidesaccesstoemail,apersonalcalendar,group
scheduling,taskmanagement,andcollaborationapplicationsviaawebbrowser,running
onMicrosoftExchangeServer.
Outlookprofile(n)~AdefinedsetofvaluesthatMicrosoftOfficeOutlookusestokeep
trackofuseraccounts.
OutlookSynchronization(PN)~TheOutlookfunctionalitywhichprovidesaninterface
foradjustingsynchronizationsettings,specifyingtroubleshootingoptions,andperforming
thesynchronizationprocess.
OutlookSynchronizationuser(n)~Apersonwhosepermissionsarelimitedtosetting
up,viewing,andfilteringsynchronization-relateddata.Theusercannotmodifyorremove
anysynchronization-relatedobjects.
OutlookToday(PN)~Auniqueviewfordisplayingappointments,tasks,andother
informationintheformofaWebpage.YoucancustomizetheOutlookTodaypagefor
yourorganization,orforindividualsorgroupswithinyourorganization,todisplaythe
informationmostrelevanttothem.
OutlookVoiceAccess(n)~AfeaturethatallowsaUnifiedMessaging-enableduserto
accesstheirMicrosoftExchangeServermailboxoverthetelephone.Userscannavigate
throughtheirmailboxesbyusingtelephone-keyorSpeechinput.
OutlookWebAccessLight(n)~AlightweightversionofOutlookWebAccessoptimized
foraccessibilityandcompatibilitywiththewidestarrayofbrowsersandoperating
systems.
Outlook.com(PN)~Thefreeweb-basedemailservicefromMicrosoft.
out-of-bandaccess(n)~Accesstohostviaaconnectionthatdoesn’tusetheIPnetwork.
out-of-boxexperience(n)~Theexperiencethatispresentedtoendusersthefirsttime
theystartanewcomputer.
out-of-boxexperienceapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatdetermineswhattheout-of-
boxexperiencewillbe.
out-of-browser(n)~Pertainingto,orcharacteristicof,aSilverlight-basedapplicationthat
auserinstallsfromaWebpageandrunsoutsidethebrowser.
out-of-orderscreen(n)~Thescreenthatcoverstheentiredevice,computer,orSurface
unitscreenwhentheyareoutoforder.Thisscreenmightappearwhenthecurrent
applicationfailsandstopsrespondingorwhenanadministratorremotelylogsontheunit
formaintenance.Whenthisscreenappears,usersseeasequenceofimagesandtextthat
indicatesthatthesystemisnotcurrentlyworking.
out-of-processcomponent(n)~Acomponentthatrunsinaseparateprocessspacefrom
itsclient.
out-of-stock(adj)~Describesanitemthatisnotininventory.
outpatient(n)~Apatientwhohasbeenadmittedtoahospitalorotherhealthcarefacility
fortreatmentthatdoesnotrequireanovernightstay.
output(n)~Apart,subassembly,orproductthatisproducedbyamanufacturingprocess
orresource.
outputadapter(n)~Anadapterthatreceiveseventsprocessedbytheserver,transforms
theeventsintoaformatexpectedbytheoutputdevice(adatabase,textfile,PDA,orother
device),andemitsthedatatothatdevice.
outputdevice(n)~Anyperipheralwhichpurposeistoconveyinformationfroma
computertoauserintheformoftext,images,soundsorother.
outputfile(n)~ThepackagedWindowsMediafilethatiscreatedwithWindowsMedia
RightsManagerSDK.
outputGB(n)~AunitofmeasuretochargefortheWindowsAzureMediaServices
Encoderbasedontheamountofdataencoded(inGB).
outputparameter(n)~Aparametercontainingdatathattheserverapplicationis
transmittingtotheclientapplication.
outputproduct(n)~Thephysicalproductsthatresultfromanactivity.
outputstream(n)~Aflowofinformationthatleavesacomputersystemandisassociated
withaparticulartaskordestination.
outputVAT(n)~Thetaxonanorganization’ssales,whichisleviedonthesalesprice.
OutputWindow(PN)~Awindowthatdisplaysstatusmessagesforvariousfeaturesin
theintegrateddevelopmentenvironment(IDE).
outriggertable(n)~Atableinthedatawarehousethatsupportsenumerationsandthat
capturesdistinctvaluesfromanon-enumerationstringpropertyofaclass.
outsidelineaccesscode(n)~Theprefixthatisusedtoaccessanoutsideline.Inthe
UnitedStates,thisprefixistypically9.
OutsideVoiceControl(PN)~Theapplicationthatconnectsamobiledevicetothe
enterprisenetwork.OutsideVoiceControlenablesmobiledevicesthatarerunningthe
mobileapplicationofLyncServerorOfficeCommunicatorMobiletosendandreceive
callsthatcomethroughtheenterprisenetwork,inadditiontocallsthatcomethroughthe
mobilecarriernetwork.
outside-inactivation(n)~Atechniquethatrequiresausertoperformanexplicit
activationcommandtointeractwiththecontentofanembeddedobject.
outsourcing(n)~Theassignmentoftaskstoindependentcontractors,suchasindividual
consultantsorservicebureaus.Taskssuchasdataentryandprogrammingareoften
performedviaoutsourcing.
OVC(n)~ConfigurationobjectsthatareusedtorenderUIintheUniversalObject
ControlforauthoringaspecificobjecttypeinILM2’.’
overthecounter(oth)~Medicationwhichisavailablewithoutaprescription.
OverTheShoulder(oth)~Aversionofelevationpromptthatallowsanadministratorto
enteradministrativecredentialstoallowaprocesstorunwiththefullaccesstokenofthe
administratorduringthestandardusersession.
OverageDataPoints(n)~Amethodofmeasuringbandwithusagebasedonsamplesthat
allowsuserstoexceedaspecifiedthresholdforbriefperiodsoftimewithoutanyfinancial
penalty.
overallocation(n)~Theresultofassigningmoretaskstoaresourcethantheresourcecan
accomplishintheworkingtimeavailable.
overdelivery(n)~Alimit,specifiedasapercentageofquantityordered,forhowmuchthe
purchaserwillacceptovertheamountordered.Overdeliverytypicallyappliestobulk
items.
overdue(Adverb)~Anaccountstatusindicatingthatpaymentsarelateornotyet
received.
overfitting(n)~Aproblemindataminingwhenrandomvariationsindataare
misclassifiedasimportantpatterns.Overfittingoftenoccurswhenthedatasetistoosmall
torepresenttherealworld.
overflow(n)~Theconditionthatoccurswhendataresultingfrominputorprocessing
requiresmorebitsthanhavebeenprovidedinhardwareorsoftwaretostorethedata.
Examplesofoverflowincludeafloating-pointoperationwhoseresultistoolargeforthe
numberofbitsallowedfortheexponent,astringthatexceedstheboundsofthearray
allocatedforit,andanintegeroperationwhoseresultcontainstoomanybitsforthe
registerintowhichitistobestored.
overflow(v)~Tobefilledbeyondcapacity.
overflow(n)~Thepartofadataitemthatcannotbestoredbecausethedataexceedsthe
capacityoftheavailabledatastructure.
overflow(n)~Textthatdoesnotfitwithinatextbox.Thetextishiddenuntilitcanbe
flowedintoanewtextbox,oruntilthetextboxitoverflowsisresizedtoincludeit.
overflow~Intelephony,excesstraffic,onaparticularroute,thatisofferedtoanother
(alternate)route.
overflow~Incomputing,aconditionwheredataispresentedtoabufferorportfaster
thanitcanbeprocessed,resultinginlostdata.
overflowarea(n)~Anareathatholdsoverflowtextandisnotvisibleonthescreen.
overflowchevron(n)~Thedoubleanglebracketdenotinganoverflowbuttoncontrol.
overflowcrumb(n)~Asubfolderinthebreadcrumbbar’soverflowmenu.
overflowtext(n)~Textthatdoesnotfitwithinatextbox.Thetextishiddenuntilitcan
beflowedintoanewtextbox,oruntilthetextboxitoverflowsisresizedtoincludeit.
overhead(n)~Workorinformationthatprovidessupport-possiblycriticalsupport-fora
computingprocessbutisnotanintrinsicpartoftheoperationordata.Overheadoften
addstoprocessingtimebutisgenerallynecessary.
overheadtime(n)~Theestimatedtotaltimespentininstrumentationoverhead.
Overheidstransactiepoort(n)~AgovernmenttransactionportalfortheNetherlandsthat
promotesandsupportselectroniccommunicationbetweenbusinessesandgovernment
agencies.
overlap(v)~Toextendoverandcoverapartofsomething.
overlap(n)~Amethodofschedulingproductionsothatoneoperationbeginsatonework
centerwhileanotheroperationisstillincompleteatanotherworkcenter.
overlapmark(n)~Amarkthatindicatestheoverlapareaforliningupadjacentpagesina
largepublication,suchasaposterorbanner.
overlappedanimations(n)~Morethanoneanimationstoryboardthatrunsatthesame
time.Ifthestoryboardsanimatethesameproperty,thenthesecondanimationtakesover
changingtheproperty.Ifthereisnokeyframesetatthezerosecondmarkofthesecond
animation,thenasmoothtransitioncalledahandoff’occurs.Otherwise
overlappedwindow(n)~Atop-levelwindowthathasatitlebar,border,andclientarea;it
ismeanttoserveasanapplication’smainwindow.Itcanalsohaveawindowmenu,
minimizeandmaximizebuttons,andscrollbars.
overlay(n)~AUIormediasegmentthatcandisplayontopoforplayconcurrentlywith
anotherUIormediasegment.
overload(v)~Declareatleasttwoversionsofamethodthathavethesamenamebut
differentsignatures.
overpick(n)~Apickwherethequantityhandledishigherthantherequiredquantityof
thesourcedocument.
overprint(v)~Toprintanelementofonecoloroveroneofanothercolorwithout
removing,orknockingout,thematerialunderneath.
overprinting(n)~Theprocessofprintinganelementofonecoloroveroneofanother
colorwithoutremoving,orknockingout,thematerialunderneath.
override(v)~Topreventsomethingfromhappeninginaprogramorinanoperating
system.Forexample,ausercanoftenoverrideandthusabortalengthysortingprocedure
inadatabaseprogrambypressingtheEscapekey.
override(v)~Toinitiateanotherresponse.
override(n)~Amechanismbywhichthedefaultbehaviorofarule,monitor,ordiscovery
canbechangedforaspecifictarget,group,orobject.
overridecriteria(n)~Selectedtargetandvaluepairsthatspecifywhenaruledoesnot
applytoavaluepair.
overridemanagementpack(n)~AsetoffilesforusewithSystemCenterOperations
Managertostoreoverridesandchangethedefaultbehaviorofarule,monitor,or
discoveryforaspecifictarget,group,orobject.
OverridePrice(PN)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertomanuallyenterapriceperunitto
aproductthatisaddedtoaquote,order,orinvoicefromtheproductcatalog.
oversampling(n)~Theprocessofselectingmoredatarowsthatcontainan
underrepresentedvaluesothatthevalueisanalyzedbythedataminingmodel.
overtime(n)~Theamountofworkonanassignmentthatisscheduledbeyondtheregular
workinghoursofanassignedresourceandchargedattheovertimerate.
Overture~YahooSearchMarketingserviceafteracquiringOvertureServices,Inc.
(formerlyGoTo.com)
overtypemode(n)~Asettinginwhichexistingcharactersarereplacedwithnewlytyped
characters.
Overview(n)~ThemainpagesinMicrosoftOfficeLivewheresubscriberscanviewand
accesstheirservicesaswellasstatisticsregardingtheiraccounts.
overviewpage(n)~ThepagedisplayedforallworkspacesexcepttheSoftwareworkspace
andencompassingtherightmostpane,displaysstatussummaries,andincludingaTasks
areaandaSearchbox.
overviewruler(n)~InEclipseforVisualStudio,thebarontherightsideoftheeditor,
whichincludescolor-codedmarksthatindicatewherewarnings,errors,tasks,andsearch
matchesarewithinthecurrentfilefornavigatingfilesthatdonotfitentirelyintheeditor.
overwrite(v)~Toreplacetheexistingdatawiththenewone.
Overwrite~Replaceacomputerfilesuchasadocumentorpicturewithanewerversion,
destroyingtheearlierversion.Ifyoumakechangestoadocumentandsaveitwiththe
samefilename,thepreviousversionisoverwrittenandusuallycannotberestored.
owner(n)~Therolethatcontrolshowpermissionsaresetonobjectsandcangrant
permissionstootherroles.
owner(n)~IntheMacintoshenvironment,anowneristheuserresponsibleforsetting
permissionsforafolderonaserver.AMacintoshuserwhocreatesafolderontheserver
automaticallybecomestheownerofthefolder,andcanthentransferownershipto
someoneelse.EachMacintosh-accessiblevolumeontheserveralsohasanowner.
owner(n)~Theuserwhoisresponsibleforaparticularrecordinthesystem.Theowneris
frequentlyallowedtoperformactionsontherecordthatotheruserscannot.
ownerdraw(n)~Arenderingmodeinwhichyoutakeresponsibilityfordrawinga
control,ratherthanrelyingonthecontrol’sdefaultrenderingbehavior.
ownerdrawmode(n)~Arenderingmodeinwhichyoutakeresponsibilityfordrawinga
control,ratherthanrelyingonthecontrol’sdefaultrenderingbehavior.
ownerinformation(n)~Personaldata(suchasname,phonenumber,e-mailaddressand
notes)aboutthepersonwhopossessesthedevice.
ownerpassword(n)~ApasswordthattheusersetswhentheTrustedPlatformModule
(TPM)isenabled.AnownerpasswordisrequiredtoturntheTPMonoroff,andtouse
certainTPMfunctions.
ownership(n)~Thewayacompanyorbusinessisownedbythepeoplewhorunit.
Ownership(PN)~Afieldwhichappearsinthe‘CompanyInformation’sectionofthe
default‘Account’form.
ownershipchain(n)~Whenanobjectreferencesotherobjectsandthecallingandthe
calledobjectsareownedbythesameuser.SQLServerusestheownershipchainto
determinehowtocheckpermissions.
p(n)~AvaluethatisusedinMicrosoftPointstoenableefficientmicropaymentsand
prepaidpurchaseforcashbasedconsumers(includingkids/teens,aswellasemergingand
developingmarkets)andprovideamechanismtodirectlyrewardloyalcustomers.
P~
P&ID(n)~Adiagramthatshowshowindustrialprocessequipmentisinterconnectedbya
systemofpipelines,includinginstrumentsandvalvesthatmonitorandcontroltheflowof
materialsthroughthepipelines.
P&Lstatement(n)~Areportthatsummarizesacompany’scosts,expenses,andrevenues
foraspecificaccountingperiod.
P1header(n)~Theinformationcontainedinane-mailmessagethatisrequiredtosend
anddeliveramessagebetweenmessagingserversbyusingSMTPprotocolcommands.
Themessageenvelopecontainsthesendere-mailaddressandtherecipiente-mailaddress
information.Recipientsneverseethemessageenvelope,becauseitisnotpartofthe
messagecontent,anditisdiscardedwhenthemessagereachesitsdestination.TheX.400
messagingstandardequivalenttothemessageenvelopeiscalledtheP1header.’The
messageenvelopeisoftenreferredtoasthe‘P1header.”
P2header(n)~Ahiddensectionofane-mailmessage.Fromthetimeamessageisfirst
created,informationaboutitisaddedtothemessageheader,includingtechnicaldetails,
suchaswhocreatedthemessageandthesoftwareusedtocomposeit.
P2P~See-peer-to-peer
P2Pshare(n)~Afolderordirectoryusedbypeer-to-peerfile-sharingsoftwareasa
destinationforreceivingfilesfromotherusersorasourcefromwhichotherusersmay
downloadfiles.
P2Vconversion(n)~Theprocessbywhichafunctioningphysicalcomputerisconverted’
toanidentical
P3P(n)~AnopenprivacyspecificationdevelopedandadministeredbytheWorldWide
WebConsortium(W3C)that,whenimplemented,enablespeopletomakeinformed
decisionsabouthowtheywanttosharepersonalinformationwithwebsites.
PaaS(n)~Thecapabilityprovidedtotheconsumerofdeployingontothecloud
infrastructureconsumer-createdoracquiredapplicationscreatedusingprogramming
languages,libraries,services,andtoolssupportedbytheprovider.Theconsumerdoesnot
manageorcontroltheunderlyingcloudinfrastructure,includingnetwork,servers,
operatingsystems,orstorage,buthascontroloverthedeployedapplicationsandpossibly
oftheconfigurationsettingsfortheapplication-hostingenvironment.
PAC(n)~AnitemprovidedandsignedbytheDCEsecurityserverthatisbothaproofof
identityandalistofgroupmemberships.
pack(v)~TopackageyourpublicationfilesbyusingthePackandGoWizard.
pack(n)~Asetofcomponents.
PackandGoWizard(PN)~Awizardthatpackagesapublicationanditslinkedfilesinto
asinglefilethatyoucantaketoanothercomputertobeedited,ortoacommercialprinter
oracopyshoptobeprinted.
package(n)~Anobjectthatcontainsthefilesandinstructionsfordistributingsoftwareto
adistributionpoint.
package(n)~Aniconthatrepresentsembeddedorlinkedinformation.Thatinformation
mayconsistofacompletefile,suchasaPaintbitmap,orpartofafile,suchasa
spreadsheetcell.
package(n)~Acollectionofcontrolflowanddataflowelementsthatrunsasaunit.
package(n)~AgroupoffilesthatmodifyWindowsfeatures.Packagetypesinclude
servicepacks,securityupdates,languagepacks,andhotfixes.Examplesofpackages
includeLanguagePack,WindowsFoundation,andFeaturePack.
Package(n)~ASCEobjectwhichisusedwiththesoftwaredeploymentandwiththe
updatemanagementfeatures.
package(n)~AConfigurationManagerobjectthatcontainsthecontentfilesand
instructionsfordistributingprograms,softwareupdates,bootimages,operatingsystem
images,anddriverstoConfigurationManagerclients.
packageconfigurationphase(n)~ThephasewhereoneoftheSequencingWizards(the
PackageConfigurationWizard)gathersinformationnecessaryforcreatingtheOSDfile.
PackageConfigurationWizard(n)~TheWizardthatgathersinformationnecessaryfor
creatingtheOSDfileduringthepackageconfigurationphase.
PackageCreationTool(n)~AtoolintheMobileDeploymentPackageManagerthat
usersusetocreatedeploymentpackagesandinstallationitems.
packagedefinitionfile(n)~AnASCIItextfilethatcontainspredefinedsoftware
distributionobjects,suchasprogramsandpackagestobeusedforsoftwaredeployment.
PackageDeployer(PN)~AnapplicationthatletsyoucombineoneormoreCRM
solutions,datafiles,andcustomcodeoperationsintoonepackagethatcanbedeployedby
anyCRMenvironment.
PackageFamilyName(n)~Anappidentitythatiscreatedwhenyoureserveanamefor
anappintheWindowsStoreDashboard.
packageidentity(n)~Theelementofa.appxpackagethatidentifiesthenameofthe
package.Thisnameisaninternaldataelementofthe.appxpackageandisnotseenbythe
end-usercustomer.
PackageManager(n)~Atoolthatinstalls,uninstalls,configures,andupdatesfeatures
andpackagesforWindowsVista.CalledbyWindowsSetupduringastandardinstallation
orupdate,PackageManagercanalsobeinitiatedfromthecommandlinetoinstallor
updateWindowsVistafeaturepackagesonanofflinedestinationcomputer,byusingan
unattendedinstallationanswerfile.
packageredistribution(n)~AConfigurationManagersoftwaredistributionoperationin
whichthecompressedpackagesourcefilesareredistributedtodistributionpointstorepair
apackage.
packagerefresh(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagersoftwaredistributionoperationin
whichthecompressedpackagesourcefilesareredistributedtodistributionpointstorepair
apackage.Apackagerefreshalsoresetstheaccesscontrollist(ACL)ifyouchangedthe
packageaccessaccount.
packageresourceindexfile(n)~AbinaryfileusedinWindowsStoreappstostore
resourcesforalllanguages,cultures,andscalefactors.
PackageResourceIndexer(PN)~TheWindowstoolthatindexesyourresourcesand
theircontexts.Bydoingso,itsupportstailoringforlanguageandforgettingthebest
assetsfordifferentscale(DPI),selectingassetsforhigh-contrastaccessibilitymodes,or
gettingthebestassettofitagiventargetsize.
packagerootdirectory(n)~Thedirectoryonthesequencingcomputeronwhichfilesfor
thesequencedapplicationpackageareinstalled.Thisdirectoryalsoexistsvirtuallyonthe
computertowhichasequencedapplicationwillbestreamed.
packageshare(n)~Anetworksharethatincludesthesoftwareinstallationfilesfora
package.
PackageSolutionWizard(PN)~Awizardthatguidestheuserthroughtheprocessof
bundlinganddeployingMicrosoftAccessdatabaseapplications.
packagesourcedirectory(n)~AdirectorycontainingConfigurationManagerpackage
sourcefilesthatareusedforpackagedistribution.
packagesourcefile(n)~AfilethatiscontainedwithinanSMS/ConfigurationManager
packageandthateachadvertisedprogramneedsbeforeitcanrun.
packageupdate(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagersoftwaredistributionoperationin
whichupdatedpackagesourcefilesarerecompressedandthenredistributedtodistribution
points.
PackagedReport(n)~ArepresentationofstatisticsanddatathatiscreatedbyParature
andcannotbeedited.
packagedsoftware(n)~Acommercialsoftwareprogramorcollectionofprogramsthatis
intendedforavarietyofusers.PackagedsoftwareisnormallyputonaCD(ordisks),
packagedinaboxandsoldtothegeneralpublic.
packagedWindowsMediafile(n)~AWindowsMediafileencryptedwithakey,which
consumerscannotplayunlesstheyhaveakeyprovidedbyalicense.Apackaged
WindowsMediafileisproducedbyandprotectedthroughtheimplementationofdigital
rightsmanagementusingtheWindowsMediaRightsManagerSoftwareDevelopment
Kit(SDK)oraprogrambasedontheMicrosoftWindowsMediaFormatSDK.
packaging(n)~TheprocessthatprotectsandsignsaWindowsMediafile,producinga
packagedWindowsMediafile.Thepackagingprocessincludesgeneratingorspecifyinga
key,generatingandsigningthecontentheader,andthenecryptingtheWindowsMedia
filewiththisinformation.
packagingmaterial(n)~Thematerialusedtobundlegoodsforprotectionduring
shipment.
packet(n)~AnOpenSystemsInterconnection(OSI)networklayertransmissionunitthat
consistsofbinaryinformationrepresentingbothdataandaheadercontainingan
identificationnumber,sourceanddestinationaddresses,anderror-controldata.
packet(n)~Aunitofinformationtransmittedfromonecomputerordevicetoanotheron
anetwork.
packet(n)~Thesetofdatasentbythetabletdeviceateachsamplepointinastroke.
packet~Logicalgroupingofinformationthatincludesaheadercontainingcontrol
informationand(usually)userdata.Packetsmostoftenareusedtorefertonetworklayer
unitsofdata.
packetassembler/disassembler(n)~Adevicethatconnectsanon-X.25devicesuchasa
modemtoanX.25packetswitchingnetwork.
packetdataservice(n)~AWindowsservicefortransferringdataovermobilenetworks.
packetdistributionservice(n)~TheWebservicethatissuesprovisioningpacketstothe
computerenabledbyFlexGotechnologybasedontheclient’scertificateandhardware
version.TheWebservicealsoupdatesthedistributiondatabasetodeletethedownloaded
packet.
packetheader(n)~Innetworkprotocolcommunications,aspeciallyreservedfieldofa
definedbitlengththatisattachedtothefrontofapacketforcarryandtransferofcontrol
information.Whenthepacketarrivesatitsdestination,thefieldisthendetachedand
discardedasthepacketisprocessedanddisassembledinacorrespondingreverseorderfor
eachprotocollayer.
packetprivacy(n)~Anauthenticationlevelinwhicheachdatapacketissignedand
encryptedinordertoprotecttheentirecommunicationbetweentheclientandserver.
packetswitching(n)~Atechnologyforbreakingdataintopacketsandthensendingthe
packetsoveranetwork.Eachpackethasaheadercontainingitssourceanddestination,a
sequencenumbertoreassembletheinformation,ablockofdatacontent,andanerror-
checkingcode.Thedatapacketsmaytakedifferentroutestotheirdestination,wherethe
originalinformationisreassembledafterthepacketsarrive.Theinternationalstandardfor
packetswitchingnetworksisX.25.
packingslip(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentstheitemquantitiesinashipment.
packingunit(n)~Thewayanitemisbundledforshipment.Apackingunitconsistsof
packagingmaterialsandoneormoreitemsorcomponentsofitems.
PAD(n)~Adevicethatconnectsanon-X.25devicesuchasamodemtoanX.25packet
switchingnetwork.
PAD(oth)~Awithdrawalfromacustomer’saccounttopaybillsormakeloanpayments
thatisinitiatedbyacompanyorfinancialinstitutionwhichhasthecustomer’swritten
authoritytodoso.
Pad(v)~Thedefaultgradientbrushoptionwherethecolorvaluesattheendsofthe
gradientvectorfilltheremainingspace.
padcolor(n)~Thecoloroftheextraspace,whenpaddingisapplied.
Padindex(PN)~Anoptionthatspecifiesthespacetoleaveopenoneachpageinthe
intermediatelevelsoftheindex.
padding(n)~Indatastorage,theadditionofoneormorebits,usuallyzeros,toablockof
datainordertofillit,toforcetheactualdatabitsintoacertainposition,ortopreventthe
datafromduplicatingabitpatternthathasanestablishedmeaning,suchasanembedded
command
padding(n)~Thespacebetweentheinsideedgeofachildelementanditscontent.
PAE(n)~Afeaturethatallowsx86-basedcomputerstosupportmorethan4gigabytes
(GB)ofphysicalmemory.Upto64GBofphysicalmemorycanbeusedasregular4-
kilobyte(KB)pages,andthenumberofbitsthatcanbeusedbythekerneltoaddress
physicalmemorycanbeexpandedfrom32to36.
page(n)~Invirtualmemorysystems,aunitofdatastoragethatisbroughtintorandom
accessmemory(RAM),typicallyfromaharddrive,whenarequesteditemofdataisnot
alreadyinRAM.
page(n)~Inwordprocessing,thetextanddisplayelementstobeprintedononesideofa
sheetofpaper,subjecttoformattingspecificationssuchasdepth,marginsize,andnumber
ofcolumns.
page(v)~Tosendamessagetosomeoneataremotelocation,usuallyviaabeeper.
page(n)~AdocumentontheWorldWideWeb.AWebpageconsistsofanHTMLfile,
withassociatedfilesforgraphicsandscripts,inaparticulardirectoryonaparticular
machine(andthusidentifiablebyanURL).UsuallyaWebpagecontainslinkstoother
Webpages.
page(n)~Inavirtualstoragesystem,afixed-lengthblockofcontiguousvirtualaddresses
copiedasaunitfrommemorytodiskandbackduringpagingoperations.
page(n)~ThenewdesignertooladdedtotheobjectdesignerfortheRoleTailored
interfaceofMicrosoftDynamicsNAV(RoleTailoredclient).-Usingthepagedesigner,
whichisaccessedthroughtheobjectdesigner,youcancreateTaskPages,Places,UIParts
andotherobjectsforthenewDynamicsNAVUI(RoleTailoredclient).-Thenew
RoleTailoredclientdoesnotsupportformsdesignedintheFormDesigner.
page(v)~Toreturntheresultsofaqueryinsmallersubsetsofdata,thusmakingit
possiblefortheusertonavigatethroughtheresultsetbyviewing‘pages’ofdata.
page(n)~AtemplateofanalysisthatusuallydisplaysthesamechartsandKPIbutadapts
anddisplaysuser’sdefinedfilters.
pagebanner(n)~Asectionofawebpagecontainingagraphicelementandtext,suchas
thepagetitle.Pagebannersareusuallydisplayedatthetopofawebpage.
pageblob(n)~Ablobthatisacollectionofpages.Apageisarangeofdatathatis
identifiedbyitsoffsetfromthestartoftheblob.
pagebreak(n)~Thepointatwhichonepageendsandanotherbegins.
pagebreakpreview(n)~Aworksheetviewthatdisplaystheareastobeprintedandthe
locationsofpagebreaks.Theareatobeprintedisdisplayedinwhite,automaticpage
breaksappearasdashedlines,andmanualpagebreaksappearassolidlines.
pagecoordinate(n)~Acoordinateusedbyadrawingsurface,suchasaformorcontrol.
pagedepth(n)~Theextenttowhichlinksarefollowedwithinsiteswhencrawlingfor
content.Measuredinnumberoflinks.
PAGEDOWNkey(n)~Akeyboardkey(oftenlabeledPgDn’)thatisoftenusedtomove
thecursordowntothetopofthenextpageoraspecificnumberoflines.Itsfunctionmay
varyindifferentprograms.’
PageEditor(n)~Atoolusedtoeditthecontentofwebpagesthatthecustomerhas
createdwithOfficeLive.
pagefault(n)~Theinterruptthatoccurswhensoftwareattemptstoreadfromorwritetoa
virtualmemorylocationthatismarkednotpresent.”
PageFaultsDelta(n)~InTaskManager,thechangeinthenumberofpagefaultssince
thelastupdate.
pagefield(n)~AfieldthatisassignedtoapageorientationinaPivotTableorPivotChart
report.Youcaneitherdisplayasummaryofallitemsinapagefield,ordisplayoneitemat
atime,whichfiltersoutthedataforallotheritems.
pagefile(n)~AhiddenfileontheharddiskthatWindowsusestoholdpartsofprograms
anddatafilesthatdonotfitinmemory.Thepagingfileandphysicalmemory,orrandom
accessmemory(RAM),comprisevirtualmemory.Windowsmovesdatafromthepaging
filetomemoryasneededandmovesdatafrommemorytothepagingfiletomakeroom
fornewdata.
pagefooter(n)~Oneormorelinesoftextinthebottommarginareaofapage.Afooter
maycontainelementssuchasthepagenumber,thenameofthefile,orthedate.
pageframe(n)~Ablockofcontiguousphysicalmemorythatstoresthecontentsofa
virtualpage.Thesizeofthevirtualpageandpageframeareusuallyidentical.However,
thesizeofapageframedependsonthemicroprocessor.
pagegroup(n)~AsetofrelatedWebpagesthatistaggedwithaparticularpagegroup
nameandusedfortargetingads.
pageheader(n)~Oneormoreidentifyinglinesprintedatthetopofapage.Aheadermay
containapagenumber,adate,theauthor’sname,andthedocumenttitle,thenameof
chapter.
PageInspector(PN)~Atoolthatrendersawebpage(HTML,WebForms,ASP.NET
MVC,orWebPages)intheVisualStudioIDEandletsyouexamineboththesourcecode
andtheresultingoutput.
pagelayout(n)~Thearrangementoftextandgraphicsonthepageofadocument.
pagelayout(n)~Apre-definedlayoutthatuserscanselectfortheirInfoPathformpages.
Optionsincludelayoutswithtitles,titlesandheadings,titles,headingsandsubheadings.
pagelayoutview(n)~Aviewofadocumentasitwillappearontheprintedpage.
PageManager(n)~Atoolusedtomanagewebpagesthatthecustomerhascreatedwith
OfficeLive.
pagemargin(n)~Theblankspaceoutsidetheprintingareaonapage.
pageorientation(n)~Thedirectionapublicationwillbeprintedonasheetofpaper.You
canchooseeitherportrait,whichisthetaller-than-wideorientation,orlandscape,whichis
thewider-than-tallorientation.
pageoutputcache(n)~Aspecialstoragelocationoftemplatizedpagesforperformance
enhancement.
pagepane(n)~Atypeofpanethatdisplaysthepagethatisselectedinthethumbnailpane
inalargersize,andenablesportionsofthepagetobeselectedandcopied.
PagePerformanceConsole(PN)~Atroubleshootingtoolusedforper-pageperformance
testing.
pagerestore(n)~Anoperationthatrestoresoneormoredatapages.Pagerestoreis
intendedforrepairingisolateddamagedpages.
pagesetup(n)~Agroupofsettingsthataffecthowafileisprintedonthepage.Includes
papersizeandorientation,pagemargins,headersandfooters.
pagesheet(n)~AShapeSheetthatrepresentsapage.
pagesize(n)~Thesizeofthefinishedpageofaprintedpublication,aftertrimming.
pagesorter(n)~Oneormorepage-shapedcontrols,locatedinthelowerleftcornerofthe
Publisherwindow,thatrepresenteachpageofthepublicationandcanbeusedtogoto,
rearrange,orworkwithpublicationpages.
Pagetemplate(n)~Apredesigned,genericwebpageyoucanusetocreatenewcustom
pages.SomeofthepagetemplatesinFrontPageprovidetypicalpagecontent,whileothers
providecommonpagelayouts.
pagetheme(n)~Afolderdefiningatheme,withcontrolskins,stylesheets,graphicsfiles
andotherresourcescreatedasasubfolderofthe\App_themesfolderinyourWebsite.
pagetime(n)~ThetimethataOneNotepagewascreated.
pagetitle(n)~Adescriptivetextstringthatidentifiesapage.
pageunit(n)~Thesizeordistanceontheprintedpage.
PAGEUPkey(n)~Akeyboardkey(oftenlabeledPgUp’)thatisoftenusedtomovethe
cursoruptothetopofthepreviouspageoraspecificnumberoflines.Itsfunctionmay
varyindifferentprograms.’
pageusage(n)~Informationaboutthepagesthatvisitorsentered,exited,andviewedthe
mostonaWebsite.
pageview(n)~Therequestbyauser’sbrowserforaWebpage.Thenumberofrequests
toviewapagecanindicatethefrequencywithwhichanadisviewed.
pagezeroing(n)~Aprocessinwhichthedatawithinadatabaseisoverwrittenwith
charactersthatyouhaveselectedforthatpurpose.Thismakesthedataunrecoverableby
conventionalmeans.
pagedpool(n)~Thesystem-allocatedvirtualmemorythathasbeenchargedtoaprocess
andthatcanbepaged.Pagingisthemovingofinfrequentlyusedpartsofaprogram’s
workingmemoryfromrandomaccessmemory(RAM)toanotherstoragemedium,usually
theharddisk.
pagedview(n)~Aviewthatsupportsoneormorevisualpages.Apagedviewisusedto
breakuplargesetsofdataintosmallersetsforincreasedperformanceandmanageability.
page-descriptionlanguage(n)~Acomputerlanguagethatdescribesthearrangementof
textandgraphicsonaprintedpage.
pagefile(n)~AhiddenfileontheharddiskthatWindowsusestoholdpartsofprograms
anddatafilesthatdonotfitinmemory.Thepagingfileandphysicalmemory,orrandom
accessmemory(RAM),comprisevirtualmemory.Windowsmovesdatafromthepaging
filetomemoryasneededandmovesdatafrommemorytothepagingfiletomakeroom
fornewdata.
page-modeRAM(n)~AspeciallydesigneddynamicRAMthatsupportsaccessto
sequentialmemorylocationswithareducedcycletime.
pager(n)~Apocket-sizedwirelesselectronicdevicethatusesradiosignalstorecord
incomingphonenumbersorshorttextmessages.Somepagersallowuserstosend
messagesaswell.
pagercontrol(n)~Acontrolthatisusedwithawindowthatdoesnothaveenough
displayareatoshowallofitscontent.Thepagercontrolallowstheusertoscrolltothe
areaofthewindowthatisnotcurrentlyinview.
pagination(n)~Theprocessofdividingadocumentintopagesforprinting.
pagination(n)~AmechanismthatautomaticallyseparatesthecontentinASP.NET
mobileWebFormsintosmallergroupsofrenderedpagesthataretargetedtofitaspecific
device.Italsorendersuserinterfaceelementsthatcanbeusedtobrowsetootherpages.
paging(n)~Theprocessofmovingvirtualmemorybackandforthbetweenphysical
memoryandthedisk.Pagingoccurswhenphysicalmemorylimitationsarereachedand
onlyoccursfordatathatisnotalreadybacked’bydiskspace.Forexample
pagingfile(n)~AhiddenfileontheharddiskthatWindowsusestoholdpartsof
programsanddatafilesthatdonotfitinmemory.Thepagingfileandphysicalmemory,or
randomaccessmemory(RAM),comprisevirtualmemory.Windowsmovesdatafromthe
pagingfiletomemoryasneededandmovesdatafrommemorytothepagingfiletomake
roomfornewdata.
paidad(n)~Anadvertisementthatisservedwithspecificdeliverygoals.
paidcellulardata(n)~Cellular-datathatcustomerscanbuyfromtheWindowsStoreto
connectto-theirWindowsdevice.
paiddatanetwork(n)~AWi-Fidataorcellulardatanetworkthatcustomerscanconnect
tobybuyingminutesfromtheWindowsStore.
PaidSearchSyndication(n)~Atypeofcontextualadvertisingconsistingof
incorporatingresultsfromonlinesearchesintothesearchresultsonthirdpartysites.
paidWi-Fidata(n)~Wi-FidatathatcustomerscanbuyfromtheWindowsStoreto
connecttotheirWindowsdevice.
painmanagement(n)~Avarietyoftechniquesincludingpharmacologicaland
nonpharmacologicalmethodstoprevent,alleviate,orstoppain.
painpoint(n)~Aparticularlyurgentanddifficulttosolvecustomerproblem.
PaintBucket(PN)~Atoolusedtopickup’propertiesfromanobjectAthatarethen
appliedtoalaterselectedobjectB.’
PaintDrip(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Paintbrush(PN)~AtoolthatletsyoudrawaBezierpathbyclick-and-draggingina
continuousflow.
pair(v)~ToestablishaBluetoothlinkorconnectionbetweentwoBluetooth-€“enabled
devices.
pairing(n)~TheprocessofestablishingaBluetoothlinkorconnectionbetweentwo
Bluetooth-€“enableddevices.
Pairingaccessory(PN)~ThescreentitlepromptingausertoenterthesamePINtopair
thephoneandtheBluetoothaccessory.
PAL(n)~ThedominanttelevisionstandardinEuropeandChina.PhaseAlternatingLine
(PAL)delivers25interlacedframespersecondat625linesofresolution.
PAL(n)~TheprimarymechanismforsecuringthePublisher.Itcontainsalistoflogins,
accounts,andgroupsthataregrantedaccesstothepublication.
PALDV-AVI(n)~MoviefileformatforcapturedvideostreamsfromaDVcamera.Uses
thePALtelevisionstandardasopposedtoNTSCformat.
palette(n)~Anarraythatcontainscolorvaluesidentifyingthecolorsthatcancurrentlybe
displayedordrawnontheoutputdevice.
palettewindow(n)~Amodelesssecondarywindowthatdisplaysatoolbarorother
choices,suchascolorsorpatterns.
palettizedsurface(n)~Asurfaceinwhicheachpixelcolorisrepresentedbyanumber
thatindexesintoacolorpalette.
Palladium~aplanfromIntel,AMD,andMicrosofttobuildsecurityintopersonal
computersandserversatthemicroprocessorlevel.Assumingthatenoughusersbuy
computerswithPalladiumcapabilities,eachusermaynowforthefirsttimebeableto
effectivelyfilteroutspam,ensurethatonlyauthorizedprogramscaneverberunbythe
computer,andencryptthedatainyourcomputer.
pallet(n)~Aportableplatformthatisusedtoholdandmovematerialsandgoodsin
placessuchasworkcentersandwarehouses.
pallettransport(n)~Asystemthatmovesitemsinbulkbyusingapallet.
Palm~ThisbrandnamereferstoPalmInc.‘slineofPDAdevices,aswellasits
operating-systemplatform,thePalmOS.PalmoncedominatedthePDAmarketwithan
estimated80percentmarketshare
palmtop(n)~Aportablepersonalcomputerwhosesizeenablesittobeheldinonehand
whileitisoperatedwiththeotherhand.Amajordifferencebetweenpalmtopcomputers
andlaptopcomputersisthatpalmtopsareusuallypoweredbyoff-the-shelfbatteriessuch
asAAcells.Palmtopcomputerstypicallydonothavediskdrives;rather,theirprograms
arestoredinROMandareloadedintoRAMwhentheyareswitchedon.Morerecent
palmtopcomputersareequippedwithPCMCIAslotstoprovidewiderflexibilityand
greatercapability.
Palmtop~Asmallcomputerwhichfitsintothepalmofyourhand.Theyrunsimilar
softwaretoconventionalPCs,but(unlike-notebook-PCs)aremorelimitedinwhatthey
candothandesktopPCs,becauseoftheconstraintsofminiaturisation.See-PDA.
PAM(n)~Newfeatureenablingtemporaryadmincapabilitiestoadministrators
pan(n)~Incomputergraphics,adisplaymethodinwhichaviewingwindowonthe
screenscanshorizontallyorvertically,likeacamera,tobringoffscreenextensionsofthe
currentimagesmoothlyintoview.
PAN(n)~Asmall,InternetProtocol(IP)-basednetwork.Itisusuallyusedforshort-range,
ad-hoccommunicationbetweendevicesandcomputers.APANmayalsobeusedto
enableconnectivitytoalargerLocalAreaNetwork(LAN),Wide-AreaNetwork(WAN),
ortheInternet.WindowsXPsupportstheBluetoothPANservicesoyoucancreate
PersonalAreaNetworksusingBluetooth.
Pan(PN)~Atooltomovearoundthedocumentbyclickinganddraggingthecursor.
pan(n)~Amulti-touchgesturethatconsistsofoneortwofingersmovinginthesame
direction,paralleltoeachother.
pan(v)~Tonavigatethroughscreensormenusatacontrolledrate,performedbyputting
yourfinger(s)onandkeepingcontactwiththephone’stouchscreenwhilemovingit
around.
PAN(PN)~A10-characteralphanumericidentifierissuedbytheIndianIncomeTax
Departmenttoalltaxableentitiesfortaxationandidentificationpurposes.
pane(n)~Aportionofasoftwarewindowboundedbyandseparatedfromotherportions
byverticalorhorizontalbarsandhavingaseparatefunction.
pane(n)~Small,boxedareasintheWindowsIntuneUI.
panel(n)~AUIcontainerthatdockstoapane,canbepartofapanelgroup,andis
representedbyatab.
panel(n)~Oneofthethin,distinctsectionsthatcoverseachsideofacentralprocessing
unitorSurfaceunit.
panning(n)~Amulti-touchgesturethatconsistsofoneortwofingersmovinginthesame
direction,paralleltoeachother.
panning(n)~Incomputergraphics,adisplaymethodinwhichaviewingwindowonthe
screenscanshorizontallyorvertically,likeacamera,tobringoffscreenextensionsofthe
currentimagesmoothlyintoview.
panningdirectionlock(n)~Functionalitythatconstrainsthepanningdirectiontoa
primaryaxis.Adistancethresholdisusedtodeterminetheuser’sintentandselectthe
primaryaxis.
PanningHand(n)~AmenuiteminInternetExplorerthatturnsonthetoolforTabletPC
usersthatallowstheusertomovethecontentofthepageupanddown,likeamousescroll
wheel.
panningmode(n)~Amodethatenablestheusertomoveadocumentbydraggingit.
PanningmodeisavailablewhenaWorddocumentisdisplayedonapreviewpane.
panorama(n)~Apicturemadebycombiningaseriesofphotosintoonelargepictureto
provideacompleteviewofanareaorlocationthatcannotfitinasingleshot.
panorama(n)~Acontrolthatcreatesapanoramicviewofitemsthatcanbepannedside-
to-side.
Panorama(PN)~TheStructurethatplacescontentalongthehorizontalaxisandallows
userstonavigatethroughitfromleftandright.
panoramicphoto(n)~Apicturemadebycombiningaseriesofphotosintoonelarge
picturetoprovideacompleteviewofanareaorlocationthatcannotfitinasingleshot.
Panose(n)~Afont-classificationmethodthatmeasuresvalues,suchasserifs,weight,and
strokevariations,foraTrueTypefont.ThesevaluesarerepresentedbyaPanosenumber.
ThePanosenumberisthenusedtoassociatethefontwithotherfontsofsimilar
appearancebutdifferentnames.ThecloserthePanosenumberoftwofonts,themore
similartheyare.
pan-scan(n)~ADVDdisplayformatinwhicha16x9videoiscroppedfordisplayina
4x3window,byusingparametersdefinedbythevideoauthor.
Pantone(n)~Awidely-usedcolor-matchingsystemthatdefineshundredsofspot-color
inksorprocesscolorsmadeupofCMYKinks.
PANTONE(n)~Awidely-usedcolor-matchingsystemthatdefineshundredsofspot-
colorinksorprocesscolorsmadeupofCMYKinks.
PAP(n)~AmethodforverifyingtheidentityofauserattemptingtologontoaPoint-to-
PointProtocol(PPP)server.
PAP(n)~Amodeofrespiratoryventilationinwhichairismechanicallydeliveredintothe
airwaysandlungs.
papersize(n)~Thesizeofthesheetofpaperonwhichyouprintthepublication,before
trimming.
papersource(n)~Thelocation(suchasUpperPaperTrayorEnvelopeFeeder)ofthe
paperattheprinter.
paperspace(n)~InaCADdrawing,atwo-dimensionalworkspaceanalogoustoasheet
ofpaperinwhichadraftercanarrangedifferentviewsofa3-Ddrawing.
PAR(n)~Theratioofapixel’swidthtoitsheight.Computermonitorpixelsaresquare,
andthereforehaveapixelaspectratioof1:1.
paragraphformatting(n)~Formattingthatcontrolstheappearanceofaparagraph.
Examplesincludeindentation,alignment,linespacing,andpagination.
paragraphindent(n)~Displacementoftheleftorrightedgeofablockoftextina
paragraphinrelationtothemarginortootherblocksoftext.
paragraphmark(n)~Thenonprinting-¶characterthatMicrosoftOfficeWordinserts
whenyoupressENTERtoendaparagraph.Theparagraphmarkstorestheformattingyou
applytotheparagraph.
paragraphstyle(n)~Acombinationofcharacterandparagraph-formattingcharacteristics
thatarenamedandstoredasaset.Youcanselectaparagraphandusethestyletoapplyall
oftheformattingcharacteristicstotheparagraphatonetime.
parallelbranch(n)~Anelementofworkflowlogicthatdefinesanalternativewait
conditionwithacorrespondingsetofadditionalstepsthatareonlyperformedwhenthe
initialcriterionismet.
paralleldevice(n)~Adevicethatusesaparallelconnection.
parallelexecution(n)~Theapparentlysimultaneousexecutionoftwoormoreroutinesor
programs.Concurrentexecutioncanbeaccomplishedonasingleprocessorbyusing
time-sharingtechniques,suchasdividingprogramsintodifferenttasksorthreadsof
execution,orbyusingmultipleprocessors.
parallelport(n)~Theinput/outputconnectorforaparallelinterfacedevice.Printersare
generallypluggedintoaparallelport.
ParallelPort~Aspecialsocketforpluggingaprinterintoacomputer.Thecomputer
usuallyreferstotheparallelportasLPT1.
parallelrouting(n)~Aroutingmethodinwhichallavailableagentsinthehuntgroupare
offeredthecall.Thefirstagenttoacceptthecallwillgetit,andtheotheragentswillbe
notifiedthatthecallwastakenbysomeoneelse.
parameter(n)~Inprogramming,avaluethatisgiventoavariable,eitheratthe
beginningofanoperationorbeforeanexpressionisevaluatedbyaprogram.
parameterblock(n)~Abufferthatcontainsthedataforoneormoreproperties,ora
pointertothedata.
parameterquery(n)~Atypeofquerythat,whenyourunit,promptsforvalues(criteria)
tousetoselecttherecordsfortheresultsetsothatthesamequerycanbeusedtoretrieve
differentresultsets.
parameterizedclass(n)~Inastaticstructurediagram,atemplatethatdescribesaclass
withoneormoreunboundformalparameters.Itdefinesafamilyofclasses,eachofwhich
isspecifiedbybindingtheparameterstoactualvalues.
parameterizedquery(n)~Aquerythatacceptsinputvaluesthroughparameters.
parameterizedreport(n)~Apublishedreportthatacceptsinputvaluesthrough
parameters.
parameterizedrowfilter(n)~Arowfilteravailablewithmergereplicationthatallows
youtorestrictthedatareplicatedtoaSubscriberbasedonasystemfunctionoruser-
definedfunction(forexample:SUSER_SNAME()).
parameterizedtype(n)~Atypewhosedefinitionhasplaceholdersforactualtypesthat
theuserspecifieswhencreatingandusinginstancesofthetype.C++templatesand
commonlanguageruntimegenericsareexamplesofparameterizedtypes.
parameterlessconstructorconstraint(n)~Arestrictiononagenerictypeparameter,
suchthattypessubstitutedforthattypeparametermustprovideaparameterlessordefault
constructor.
parametricpolymorphism(n)~Afeatureofthecommonlanguageruntime,conceptually
similartoC++templates,thatallowsclasses,structures,interfaces,andmethodstohave
placeholders(generictypeparameters)forthedatatypestheystoreandmanipulate.
Generictypesareaformofparameterizedtypes.
parcel(n)~AnysetoffilesthatistransferredfromonesitetoanotherwithCourier
Sender.ParcelsarecreatedinCourierSenderManager.
parent(n)~Thecontrollingsideofahierarchicalrelationship.Inahierarchicalstructure,
aparenthasoneormorechildnodesdirectlybeneathitinthehierarchy.
parent(n)~Adevice,bus,function,orprocessatonelevelofahierarchy.Theparent
controlsthebehaviorofcomponentsbelowitinthehierarchy.
parent(n)~Inatreestructure,anelementthatcontainssubordinateelementscalledchild
elements.
parentaccount(n)~Anaccountthatisaboveotheraccountsinthehierarchytowhich
anyactiontakenonthemainaccountentitycanpropagateto.
parentbusiness(n)~Abusinessinwhichanyactiontakenonthemainbusinesscan
propagatetothesubordinatebusiness.
parentbusinessunit(n)~Abusinessunitthatisimmediatelyaboveanotherbusinessunit
inthebusinesshierarchyofanorganization.
parentcacheserver(n)~Inamulti-tieredcachehierarchy,adisk-basedcache
proxy/serverthatsitsbetweentheedgecachenodeandtheoriginserver.
parentcategory(n)~Anentityusedincatalogstogroupasetofproductsinahierarchy.
ForexampleMusicisaparentcategoryandRockJazzandClassicalarechildcategories.
parentcompany(n)~Acompanythatownsmorethanoneseparatesubsidiary.
parentcontainer(n)~Thecontainerthatisaboveothercontainersinatreehierarchy.
parentcontenttypetemplate(n)~Atypeofcontentthatexistspriortotheassociation
withanactualWindowsSharePointServiceslist.Thisdistinctionismadesinceitems
cannotuseatypeuntilitisassociatedwithaWSSlist.
parentcustomer(n)~Anaccountthatisimmediatelyaboveacontactentity.Anyaction
takenontheaccountentitycanpropagatetothechildcontactentity.
parentelement(n)~Inatreestructure,anelementthatcontainssubordinateelements
calledchildelements.
parentfolder(n)~Thefolderabovethecurrentfolderinthefolderhierarchy.For
example,C:\SharesistheparentfolderofC:\Shares\public.
parenthostgroup(n)~Ahostgroupthatcontainsanotherhostgroup,whichisknownas
achildhostgroup.”
parentkeyword(n)~Akeywordthatisassociatedwithoneormoresubordinate
keywords.
parentlanguage(n)~ThelanguageofthefulllanguagepackthataLanguageInterface
Pack(LIP)canbeinstalledonto.
parentnetwork(n)~Anetworkthatissuperordinatetoothernetworks.
parentnode(n)~Anodewithsubordinatenode(s),calledchildren.
parentobject(n)~Theobjectinwhichanotherobjectresides.Aparentobjectimplies
relation.Forexample,afolderisaparentobjectinwhichafile,orchildobject,resides.
Anobjectcanbebothaparentandachildobject.Forexample,asubfolderthatcontains
filesisboththechildoftheparentfolderandtheparentfolderofthefiles.
parentpartition(n)~Thepartitionthatmanagesthevirtualmachines.
parentpicklist(n)~Adrop-downlistcontrolthatdeterminesthevaluesofanotherdrop-
downlist(alsoknownasapicklist)oracheckbox.
parentproject(n)~Aprojectthathasoneormoresubprojects.
parentrecord(n)~Thehighest-levelcontainerofoneormoreworkitemsthatincludes
newandchangedconfigurationitems.
parentsite(n)~Asitethathasoneormorechildsites.
parentsolution(n)~Asolutiontowhichacomponentbelongsto.Acomponentcanhave
onlyoneparentsolution.
parenttable(n)~Atablethatassumesaparentrolewhenitparticipatesinanintegrity
relationshipwithanothertableandwhoseattributevaluesmigratetoforeignkeyattributes
inthetableassumingthechildroleintherelationship.
ParentTicket(n)~ATicketthathasrelated(Child)Ticketslinkedtoit.ParentTicketsare
usuallyrelatedtoissuesthatcauseotherissuesorpreventCustomersfromusingfeatures
asintended;theresultingissuesareusuallythesubjectofChildTickets.AParentTicket
canhavemultipleChildTickets,butChildTicketscannothavemultipleParentTickets.
parentWebsite(n)~Inahierarchicalstructure,theWebsitethatcontainstheactivesite.
parentwindow(n)~Aprimarywindowthatprovideswindowmanagementforasetof
childwindows.Seealsochildwindowandmultiple-documentinterface.
parentworkflow(n)~Aworkflowthatstartsachildworkflow.Thechildworkflow
communicatesitsoutcomebacktotheparentworkflow.
Parent:ChildBusinessUnits(PN)~Asecurityaccesslevelthatallowsauseraccessto
recordtypesintheuser’sbusinessunitandallbusinessunitssubordinatetotheuser’s
businessunit.
ParentalControls(n)~AControlPaneliconinWindowsVistathatallowsparentsand
guardianstocustomizekeyaspectsoftheirchildren’sonlineandcomputingexperience
throughtheuseoffeaturessuchasgameratingsandactivityreports.
parentalcontrols(n)~Settingsthatenableparentstorestrictwhattheirchildrensee.
ParentalControls(n)~AUIelementthatenablesausertoblockadultcontent.
ParentalGuidance(BBFC)(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheBritishBoardof
FilmClassification(BBFC).
PARENTHESIZEDLATINCAPITALLETTERA(n)~AUnicodecharacterwithhex
valueU+1F110
parenting(n)~Theprocessofmanagingthegrowthanddelegationofaparentdomain
intofurtherchilddomains,whicharederivedanddelegatedfromtheparentname.
ParentingLevel(PN)~AfieldontheAccountDetailsportionoftheDetailstabthat
allowstheusertospecifythelevelofsuperordinationofanaccount.Possiblelevels
includeunified,top,intermediate,andchild.
parity(n)~Thequalityofsamenessorequivalence,inthecaseofcomputersusually
referringtoanerror-checkingprocedureinwhichthenumberof1smustalwaysbethe
same—eitherevenorodd—foreachgroupofbitstransmittedwithouterror.
parity(adj)~Pertainingtotheresiliencytypeforavolumethatstripesdataandparity
informationacrossphysicaldisksinaMicrosoftStorageSpacesstoragepool.
parity~InRAIDstorage,adata-protectionmethodthatprovidestheabilitytoreconstruct
data.Whendataisprotectedbyparity,it’sstillavailableifadrivefails.
paritybit(n)~Inasynchronouscommunications,anextrabitusedincheckingforerrors
ingroupsofdatabitstransferredwithinorbetweencomputersystems.Inmodem-to-
modemcommunications,aparitybitisoftenusedtochecktheaccuracywithwhicheach
characteristransmitted.
park(v)~Toshutdownacoreprocessorforpowersavingpurpose.
park(v)~Totransferacalltoaholdingpointinsteadofholdingthecallatthephone
device.Itisretrievedbydialingtheassociatednumberfortheholdingpoint.
ParkingLot(PN)~AnoptionontheTransferbuttonthatletsyouparkacall.
parse(v)~Tobreakinputintosmallerchunkssothataprogramcanactuponthe
information.
parser(n)~Anapplicationordevicethatbreaksdataintosmallerchunkssothatan
applicationcanactontheinformation.
part(n)~Anelementinacontroltemplatethathasspecial,possiblymandatory,
significanceandsemanticsinthefunctioningofthecontrol.Forexample,atemplatefora
ScrollBarcontrolshouldsupplyaThumbpartfortheScrollBartofunctioncorrectly,butit
neednotprovideasmalldecreaseorasmallincreasebutton.
partcontrol(n)~AcontrolintheWebPartscontrolsetthatinheritsdirectlyorindirectly
fromtheSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.Partclassandisusedtocreatethe
primaryuserinterfaceofWebPartsapplications.
partnumber(n)~Anumberthatidentifiesonetypeofinventoryitem.
partial(n)~Alineofcodethatwaspartiallyexecutedbyatest.
partialbackup(n)~Abackupofallthedataintheprimaryfilegroup,everyread-write
filegroup,andanyoptionallyspecifiedfiles.Apartialbackupofaread-onlydatabase
containsonlytheprimaryfilegroup.
partialclass(n)~Aclasswhosedefinitionissplitovertwoormoresourcefiles.Each
sourcefilecontainsasectionoftheclassdefinition,andallpartsarecombinedwhenthe
applicationiscompiled.
partialdatabaserestore(n)~Arestoreofonlyaportionofadatabaseconsistingofits
primaryfilegroupandoneormoresecondaryfilegroups.Theotherfilegroupsremain
permanentlyoffline,thoughtheycanberestoredlater.
partialdifferentialbackup(n)~Apartialbackupthatisdifferentialrelativetoasingle,
previouspartialbackup(thebasebackup).Foraread-onlydatabase,apartialdifferential
backupcontainsonlytheprimaryfilegroup.
partiallocalization(n)~Thelocalizationofonlysomeuserinterfaceitemsintoa
particularlanguage.Achoiceoffallbacklanguagesisprovidedforthenon-localized
items.
PartialNudity(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
partialreplica(n)~Adatabasethatcontainsonlyasubsetoftherecordsinafullreplica.
partialsolution(n)~Asolutionthatcontainsonlyselectedcomponents.Forexample,ifa
userdecidestoexportonlyasubsetofcomponents(forexample,somebutnotall
entities),thesolutionisconsideredtobepartial.
partialtype(n)~Atypeofclasswhosedefinitionissplitovertwoormoresourcefiles.
partiallylocalizedlanguage(n)~Alanguagewhichcontains100percentoftheresources
forthatlanguageandlocale,butnotalloftheresourcesaretranslatedinthelanguage
pack.Partiallylocalizedlanguagesareinstalledontopofafullylocalizedlanguagepack.
Forexample,Arabic(SaudiArabia)isapartiallylocalizedlanguagepackandcontains80
percentofthelanguageresourceslocalizedinArabic.Theremaining20percentofthe
languageresourcescanbeineitherEnglishorFrench.BothEnglishandFrencharefully
localizedlanguages.
partiallyqualifiedaccountnumber(n)~Aledgeraccountnumberinwhichallsegments
ofanaccountstructurearenotentered.
partiallytrusted(adj)~Pertainingtoapplicationsorformsthathavelimitedsecurity
permissionsandaccesstothesystemresourcesandothercomponentsonauser’s
computer.
partial-pagerendering(n)~TheprocessofrefreshingonlyaregionofaWebpage
duringanasynchronouspostback.ThisistypicallyaccomplishedbyusingUpdatePanel
controls.Partial-pagerenderingisanimportantfeatureofAJAXtechnology.
partial-typedefinition(n)~Thedefinitionofaclassacrossmulitplesourcefiles.
participant(n)~Apresenterorattendeeinameeting.
participant(n)~Apersonwhoispartofaconversationorconference,orapresenteror
attendeeinameeting.
participant(n)~Asynchronizationprovideranditsassociatedreplica.
participant(n)~Apartythatcontributestoaprocessorassumesaroleinarelationship.
participantcode(n)~Anaccesscodethatisrequiredforausertojoinaconferenceasa
participant.ThiscodeisenteredintheOptionsdialogbox,ontheAccountstab,under
ConferencingInformation.
participantlist(n)~Inaconversationwindow,thisisthelistofpeoplewhoarecurrently
participatingintheconversation.
particle(n)~Averysmallpieceorpart;anindivisibleobject.
partition(n)~Asectionofspaceonaphysicaldiskthatfunctionsasifitwereaseparate
disk.
partition(n)~Aclassusedasaproxyforgaininggreatercodecoverageinunittesting.
partition(n)~Indatabaseprogramming,asubsetofadatabasetableorfile.
partition(n)~Adivisionofanapplication’sprocessingintologicalorfunctionalparts.
partitionbootsector(n)~Aportionofaharddiskpartitionthatcontainsinformation
aboutthedisk’sfilesystemandashortmachinelanguageprogramthatloadstheWindows
operatingsystem.
partitionfunction(n)~Afunctionthatdefineshowtherowsofapartitionedtableor
indexarespreadacrossasetofpartitionsbasedonthevaluesofcertaincolumns,called
partitioningcolumns.
partitionscheme(n)~Adatabaseobjectthatmapsthepartitionsofapartitionfunctionto
asetoffilegroups.
partitiontable(n)~Onaharddisk,thedatastructurethatstorestheoffset(location)and
sizeofeachprimarypartitiononthedisk.OnMBRdisks,thepartitiontableislocatedin
themasterbootrecord.OnGPTdisks,thepartitiontableislocatedintheGUIDpartition
entryarray.
partition(ing)~Partitionsarephysicalorlogicalmechanismsforisolatingoperational
environmentswithinsingleormultipleservers.
partition(ing)~Theactofcreatingalogical(asopposedtophysical)drive.
partition(ing)~Tobreakintosmallersections,suchasaharddrive.Partitioningcanalso
beusedtoallowmultipleoperatingsystemsonthesamedriveofagivencomputer.
partitionedarticle(n)~Anarticle(generallyaSQLServertable,butcouldalsobea
view)thathasbeenfilteredinsomeway.
partitionedindex(n)~Anindexbuiltonapartitionscheme,andwhosedatais
horizontallydividedintounitswhichmaybespreadacrossmorethanonefilegroupina
database.
partitionedsnapshot(n)~Inmergereplication,asnapshotthatincludesonlythedata
fromasinglepartition.
partitionedtable(n)~Atablebuiltonapartitionscheme,andwhosedataishorizontally
dividedintounitswhichmaybespreadacrossmorethanonefilegroupinadatabase.
partitionedtableparallelism(n)~Theparallelexecutionstrategyforqueriesthatselect
frompartitionedobjects.Aspartoftheexecutionstrategy,thequeryprocessordetermines
thetablepartitionsthatarerequiredforthequeryandtheproportionofthreadstoallocate
toeachpartition.Inmostcases,thequeryprocessorallocatesanequaloralmostequal
numberofthreadstoeachpartition,andthenexecutesthequeryinparallelacrossthe
partitions.
partitioning(n)~Theprocessofreplacingatablewithmultiplesmallertables.
partitioningcolumn(n)~Thecolumnofatableorindexthatapartitionfunctionusesto
partitionatableorindex.
partner(n)~Indatabasemirroring,referstotheprincipalserverorthemirrorserver.
partner(n)~Acompanyorindividualthatregularlyprovidesgoodsorservicestoanother
company.
partner(n)~Anindependentcompanythatdoesbusinesswith,by,oronbehalfof
MicrosoftandthataremembersoftheMicrosoftPartnerProgram.
partner(n)~AcompanyauthorizedbyMicrosofttosellProductstoCustomer.
PartnerCenter(PN)~AservicetoMicrosoftPartnerNetwork(MPN)partnersto-list
theircompany,apps,andservicesonPinpointtomarketandselltheirtechnologyand
Cloudsolutions.
PartnerDirectory(n)~AfeaturethatprovidesanareaoftheOfficeLiveSmallBusiness
Websitewherethird-partyandpartnersolutionandserviceprovidersarelisted.
Partnergroup(n)~InBusinessActivityServices(BAS),agroupofsimilarpartners
categorizedforeaseofmanagement.
PartnerID(PN)~AnIDthatallowssomeonetosignintoanon-Microsoftwebsitethat
usestheWindowsLiveIDservice.
PartnerID(n)~TheIDassignedtobusinesseswhentheysignupaspartnersinthe
MicrosoftPartnerNetwork.ThisIDisusedbyMicrosoftanditscustomerstoidentifythe
correctpartner.
partnerlocationscard(n)~Acardthatappearsonthecardscreenthatyoucanuseto
highlightalternatevenuelocationsorcompanybranches.Thiscardincludesalistofsuch
locationsbycountry/regionandcanshowimagesoraslideshowofimagesaboutthe
locations.ThedefaultnameofthiscardisOurOtherLocations.
PartnerofRecord(n)~AMicrosoftauthorizedpartnerthatofficiallyrepresentsand
workswithanorganizationtopurchaseandmaintainvolumelicensingagreementsfor
Microsoftproductsandservices.
PartnerPoint(PN)~Aunitofcredittotrackanorganization’saccomplishmentsto
achieveelegibilityfordifferentlevelsinthePartnerProgram.
PartnerSolutionProfiler(PN)~AtoolusedbyPartnerstohighlighttheirbusiness
achievementsandconnectwithotherpartners.
PartnerTest(n)~Atest,writtenbyaMicrosoftpartner,thatusesthetestframework’s
extensibilityinterfaces.
partnereddevice(n)~Adevicethathasbeensettoestablishdevice-to-deviceconnection
withanotherone,suchasbyradio,Bluetoothorinfrared.
partnership(n)~Thesetofrulesonacomputerandaportabledevicethatallowdigital
mediafilesandotherinformationtobesynchronized.
partsrequisition(n)~Arequestforaspecifiedamountofanitemtobepulledfrom
inventory.
party(n)~AnentityoutsideofBizTalkServerthatinteractswithanorchestration.Allof
thepartnersyourorganizationdealswithareconsideredparties,andyourorganization
mayhaveseveralthousandpartners.
party(n)~Apersonororganizationthatparticipatesineconomicactivities.
party(n)~Anentitythatassumesalegallybindingrolewhenparticipatingincontractual
relationships.
partyenlistment(n)~Themechanismthattiesapartytoarole.Enlistingapartyinarole
enablestheorchestrationtointeractwiththeparty.
passorder(n)~Theorderofevaluation(fromhighesttolowestcalculationpassnumber)
andcalculation(fromlowesttohighestcalculationpassnumber)forcalculatedmembers,
custommembers,customrollupformulas,andcalculatedcellsinamultidimensionalcube.
passphrase(n)~Asequenceofwordsorothertextusedtogainaccesstoanetwork,
program,ordata.Apassphraseisgenerallylongerforaddedsecurity.
PassThroughmode(n)~TheoptionontheAccountspagethatlistsuseraddressesthat
willbefilteredbytheMessageSwitch.E-mailtoallSMTPaddressesnotonthePass
Throughlistisdelivereddirectly,withoutpassingthroughthemessagefilteringsystem.
passcode(n)~Anauthenticationcredentialsimilartoapassword,consistingofnumbers.
passingmechanism(n)~Themechanismofpassingargumentstoprocedures.
passiveclient(n)~AHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)browser,whichiscapableof
broadlysupportedHTTP,thatcanusecookies.ActiveDirectoryFederationServices
(AD-FS)supportsonlypassiveclients,anditadherestotheWS-FederationPassive
RequestorProfile(WS-FPRP)specification.
passivescreening(n)~Ascreeningmethodthatsendsnotifications,butdoesnotprevent
usersfromsavingblockedfiles.
passphrase(n)~Asequenceofwordsorothertextusedtogainaccesstoanetwork,
program,ordata.Apassphraseisgenerallylongerforaddedsecurity.
pass-throughquery(n)~AnSQL-specificqueryyouusetosendcommandsdirectlyto
anODBCdatabaseserver.
pass-throughstatement(n)~ASELECTstatementthatispasseddirectlytothesource
databasewithoutmodificationordelay.
password(n)~Astringofcharactersenteredbyausertoverifyhisorheridentitytoa
networkortoalocalcomputer,device,orclient,ortosignintoanaccount,app,andso
on.
passwordadministrator(n)~AMicrosoftOnlineServicesadministratorwhoresets
passwords,managessupporttickets,andmonitorsserviceshealth.
passwordauthentication(n)~Theprocessofverifyingtheidentityofauser,computer,
process,orotherentityusingacombinationofausernameandapasswordasacredential.
PasswordAuthenticationProtocol(n)~Amethodforverifyingtheidentityofauser
attemptingtologontoaPoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP)server.
passwordpolicy(n)~Acollectionofpolicysettingsthatdefinethepassword
requirementsforaGroupPolicyobject(GPO).
PasswordPolicyoption(n)~TheoptionontheOrganizationspagethatsetsparameters
forpasswords.
passwordpropagation(n)~Aprocessthatcoordinateseachuser’spasswordchanges
acrossmultiplecomputers,devices,folders,ornetworksinpasswordsynchronization.
passwordprotection(n)~Afeaturethatenablesyoutoprotectafilebyusingapassword.
Youcanspecifyapasswordandlockdownthefilesothatotheruserscannotopenor
modifyit.
passwordprovider(n)~Aone-time-passwordgenerationandvalidationcomponentfor
userauthentication.
PasswordReplicationPolicy(PN)~Asetofaccesscontrollists(ACLs)thatdetermine
whatcredentialscanorcannotbereplicatedonaread-onlydomaincontroller(RODC).
EachRODChasauniquePasswordReplicationPolicy(PRP)thatisenforcedbythe
writabledomaincontrollerthatisitsreplicationpartner.
passwordreset(n)~Theactofsettingapasswordtoanewvalue.
passwordreset(n)~Aprocedurebywhichauser’spasswordcanbechangedtoaknown
value,insituationswheretheuserhasforgottenorlosttheirpassword.
PasswordSettingsContainer(PN)~AnobjectclassintheActiveDirectoryDomain
Services(ADDS)schemathatiscreatedbydefaultundertheSystemcontainerinthe
domain.ThePasswordSettingsContainerstoresPasswordSettingsobjects(PSOs)forthat
domain.
PasswordSettingsobject(PN)~AnActiveDirectoryobjectthatisstoredinthe
PasswordSettingsContainer.ThePasswordSettingsobjectholdstheattributesofacertain
fine-grainedpasswordpolicy.
passwordstealer(n)~Atypeoftrojanthatcapturesortransmitspasswordstoanattacker.
passwordsynchronization(n)~Aservicethatreplicatesusers’passwordsbetween
multiplecomputers,devices,folders,ornetworks,resultinginusershavingthesame
passwordineachenvironment.
paste(v)~Toinsertcontent,suchastextoragraphic,thathasbeencutorcopiedfrom
onedocumentintoadifferentlocationinthesameoradifferentdocument.
pastearea(n)~Thetargetdestinationfordatathathasbeencutorcopiedbyusinga
clipboard.
pasteboard(n)~Theareaofthedocumentoutsidethedocumentcanvas.Youcandrawon
thepasteboard,butliveeffectsarenotvisibleinthisarea.
pasteboard(n)~Thegrayorlight-blueareathatsurroundsapage.Youcanuseitto
temporarilyholdobjectsthatarenotcurrentlyonthepage.
PastelHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofarangeofpastelcolors.
patch(v)~Tocloseaholeina3Dmodelwithapatchingsurfaceorplane.
Patch~Aprogramwhichmakesupdatestocomputersoftware,usuallytofixbugswhich
hadnotbeendetectedwhenthesoftwarewentonsale.Thebestplacetolookforapatchis
onthesoftwaremanufacturer’swebsite.
patch~Asoftwarefixforabuginaprogram
patch~Aparticulartypeofcablefornetworkingthatisathroughcable;pin1topin1,
pin2topin2andsoon.
patchlayer(n)~Anapplicationlayerthatispairedaboveanapplicationlayer,andused
onlyforhotfixesandservicepacks.Thenameofeachpatchlayerendswiththeletter‘P’,
andonepairisnamedSYSandSYP.
path(n)~Aroutethroughastructuredcollectionofinformation,asinadatabase,a
program,orfilesstoredondisk.
path(n)~Adataflowelementthatconnectstheoutputofonedataflowcomponenttothe
inputofanotherdataflowcomponent.
path(n)~Asequenceoffolders(directories)thatleadstoaspecificfileorfolder.A
backslashisusedtoseparateeachfolderinthepath.Forexample,thepathtoafilecalled
invoice.txtmightbeC:\Documents\July\invoice.txt.
path(n)~Avector-basedshapethatismadeupofoneormorelinesegmentsconnected
bytwoormoreanchorpoints.Pathscanbemadefromacombinationofstraightlinesand
curves,eachofwhichmaybemadeupofmanyconnectingpoints.Allpathscanbe
strokedorfilled.
pathsegment(n)~Aportionofaline,definedbyitsbeginningandendingpoints.
patient(n)~Apersonundermedicalcare.
pattern(n)~Aneffectcreatedbysimple,repeatingdesignssuchasverticalorhorizontal
lines.
pattern(n)~Aruleforcomparinginputdatawithalogicalstructure,decomposingdata
intoconstituentparts,orextractinginformationfromdata.
patternmatching(n)~Incomputerscience,theactofcheckingaperceivedsequenceof
tokensforthepresenceoftheconstituentsofsometemplate,generallyintheformof
eithersequencesortreestructures.
pattern-matchingcharacter(n)~Akeyboardcharacterthatcanbeusedtorepresentone
ormanycharacterswhenconductingaquery.
patterns(n)~Principlesthatguidedevelopersastheyassignresponsibilitiestosoftware
classesanddesignsystembehavior.Theyaremostusefulwhencreatingcollaboration
diagramswheremessagesimplyresponsibility.
pause(v)~Tostoptheoperationofaprogramorexecutionofacommandtemporarily.
Pause(PN)~Abuttoninavideoconversationwindowthattemporarilystopsthevideo
feedinthecurrentvideoconversation.TheinfotipforthisbuttontogglesbetweenPause
andRestartthisvideofeed.
PAUSEkey(n)~Akeyonakeyboardthattemporarilystopstheoperationofaprogram
oracommand.ThePausekeyisused,forexample,tohaltscrollingsothatamulti-screen
listingordocumentcanberead.
pauseusagetime(v)~Tostopmeteringcomputerusagetimebyputtingthecomputer
intostandby.
paused(Adverb)~Astatethatappliestoanodeinafailoverclusterorservercluster.
Thenodeisafullyactivememberintheclusterbutcannotacceptnewclusteredservices
orapplications.Forexample,aclusteredserviceorapplicationcannotfailoverorfail
backtoapausednode.Youcanadministerandmaintainapausednode.
payasyougo(oth)~Topayforapaidfeatureatthemomentthefeatureisused.For
example,topayforSkype’scallingphonesfeaturewithSkypeCreditthatiseitheralready
ownedorpurchasedspeciallyfortheoccasion.
PayAsYouGo(adj)~PertainingtoawayforpayingforSkypepaidfeaturesinwhichthe
userpayswithSkypeCreditatthemomenthe/sheusesthefeature(SkypeCreditcanbe
eitheralreadyownedorpurchasedspeciallyfortheoccasion).
paygrade(n)~Acompensationlevelstructurethatdefinesdiscreterangesofpayper
level,andaregenerallydefinedbyhierarchicallevelsofauthoritywithinacompany.Jobs
aretypicallyevaluatedbyapointsystemthatplacesthematagraderelativetoothers
withinthecompany.Payratesforagradearetypicallydeterminedbyusingequivalent
groupsofjobsinthemarketplaceasbenchmarks.Gradedstructuresarenarrowerthan
bands,andaretypicallydiscrete(forexample,payrangesdonotoverlap).Gradepay
rangeshaveafixedminimum,midpoint(orcontrolpoint),andmaximumreferencepoints.
Compa-ratiosandrangeutilizationaremeasuresusedtoanalyzeanemployee’spay
relativetotheirrange.Companiescansetadditionalreferencepointsforagrade,suchas
25thand75thpercentile,andbasevariablecompensationononeofthosepoints.
paygroup(n)~Asetofemployeeswhoarepaidinthesamemanneronthesamedatefor
thesameperiodoftime.Thiscategorizationisrequiredbypayrolldepartmentsthatgroup
employeesintodiscretepayrollruns.
paymonthly(oth)~TopayonceamonthforusingSkypepaidfeaturessuchascalling
phonesorsendingSMSmessages;e.g.,topayforamonthlysubscription.
PayMonthly(v)~Asubscriptionofferfor6monthsof12monthscommitmentplansin
whichtheuserisbilledmonthly.
Payperbyte(PN)~Adatalimitplanwhereuserspayfordatausageperbyte
sent/received.
payperperformance(n)~Anemployeepaymentsystemthatisbasedonmeasuresof
goalsandreviews.Employeesreceiveincreasedcompensationfortheirworkiftheyor
theirteam,department,orcompanyreachescertaintargets.
payrate(n)~Resourcecostperhour.Projectincludestwotypesofpayrates:standard
ratesandovertimerates.
payrun(n)~Aperiodicprocessingofthepayroll.
payabletax(n)~Thetaxthatisleviedbythegovernmentonserviceprovidersfor
specificservices.Underthereversechargemechanism,thereceiveroftheservicesthatare
renderedisliabletopaythetaxtothegovernment.
pay-as-you-go(n)~Pertainingtoawayforpayingforaserviceatthemomentwhenitis
used.
pay-as-you-gocomputing(n)~Amodelinwhichasolutionprovideroffersacomputerto
thecustomerforalowinitialpayment,andthecustomeraddstimetothecomputerby
purchasingblocksofcomputerusagetime.Onceanagreed-uponamountofusagetimeis
purchased,thecustomerhasunlimitedaccesstothecomputerandnolongerneedstopay
forcomputerusagetime.
PAYG~(PayAsYouGo)-Acellphonenetworkconnectionwhereyouaddcredittothe
phonemanually,ratherthanhavingacontractbilledmonthly.
payload(n)~Goodscarriedbyavehiclethatarenotessentialtothevehicle’soperation.
payload(n)~Essentialdatathatiscarriedwithinapacketorothertransmissionunit,
excludingthedatarequiredtogetthepacketdelivered.
payment(n)~Atransactiontorecordmoneythatispaidtoasupplierorcustomerfor
goodsorservicesreceived.Apaymenttransactiondecreasesthebalanceforacustomeror
vendor.
payment(n)~Theamountofmoneythatanemployeereceivesinacheckordirect
deposit.
payment(n)~Apast,present,orfuturesettlementofanobligation.
paymentamount(n)~Aquantityofcurrencythatisofferedoracceptedtosettleapast,
present,orfutureobligation.
paymentcompany(n)~Thecompanythatisassociatedwithapaymenttransaction.
paymentinstrument(n)~Theactualphysicalorvirtualobjectthatfacilitatesapurchase
ortransaction,suchasaphysicalcreditcard,financialservicesaccount,orpayment
escrowserviceaccount.
paymentinstrumentchallenge(n)~Afraudpreventionmechanismthatattemptsto
verifythatanindividualusingapaymentinstrumentisauthorizedtouseoristheownerof
thatinstrument.
paymentmethod(n)~Themechanismbywhichpaymentisprovided.Includescash,
check,creditcard,wiretransfer,etc.
paymentprovider(n)~Anorganizationauthorizedbyasolutionprovidertoaddtimeto
thatsolutionprovider’scomputersenabledbyFlexGotechnology.
paymentprovider(n)~Anentitythatisresponsiblefordeductingthemoneyfromthe
customercreditcardaccountandmovingthemoneytoorfromthemerchant’saccount.
Theuserofthepaymentservicewillhavetosignupwithoneormorepaymentproviders.
paymentservice(n)~Aservicethatprovidesthesecuretransferofpaymentfroma
customertoasupplierforgoodsorservices.
paymentstatus(n)~Theconditionofthepaymentscheduleofanaccountorabusiness
contact;possiblevaluesare‘current’or‘overdue’.
PaymentTerms(n)~AfieldlabelontheOpportunityformthatenablestheusertoselect
termsfromthelist.
payout(n)~ThemoneyadeveloperreceivesforsellingtheirappsintheWindowsStore.
PayPal(PN)~AneCommercepaymentescrowandfinancialservicescompanyorthe
servicethatthecompanyprovides.
payrollcompany(n)~Asetofemployeeswhoarepaidinthesamemanneronthesame
dateforthesameperiodoftime.Thiscategorizationisrequiredbypayrolldepartments
thatgroupemployeesintodiscretepayrollruns.
payrollstatement(n)~Areportofpayrollallocationamounts.
PBC(n)~InsomeWi-FiProtectedSetupnetworks,amethodthatenablesuserstopusha
physicalorsoftware-basedbuttontoautomaticallyconfigurenetworknames,connect
devicestothenetwork,andenabledataencryptionandauthentication.
PBF(n)~Theinterrelatedprocessesofplanningbusinessactivities,developingbudgets
basedontheplans,andforecastingfutureexpendituresandrevenuesbasedonbudgeted
andactualdata.
PBM(n)~Asetofbuilt-infunctionsthatreturnserverstateinformationaboutvalues,
objects,andsettingsinSQLServer.PolicyBasedManagementallowsadatabase
administratortodeclarethedesiredstateofthesystemandchecksthesystemfor
compliancewiththatstate.
PBX(PN)~Aprivatetelephonenetworkinanorganization.Individualtelephonenumbers
orextensionnumbersaresupported,andcallsareautomaticallyroutedtothem.Userscan
calleachotherusingextensions.Theycanalsoplacecallstooutsidenumbers.
PBXphone(n)~AproprietaryphoneconnectedtoaPBX.
PC(n)~Amicrocomputerdesignedforusebyonepersonatatime.Personalcomputers
donotneedtosharetheprocessing,disk,andprinterresourcesofanothercomputer.
PC~(PersonalComputer)-Originallyjustshortfor‘personalcomputer’,PCisnowan
industrystandard,partlyevolvedinthemarketplace,partlyagreedbyacommitteeofthe
majorplayersinthecomputerindustry.
PC2005(2004,2003etc)~AnagreedstandardfornewPCs,seteachyearbya
committeeofthemajorplayersinthecomputerindustry.
PCCall(PN)~Afeaturethatenablescustomerstomakevoicecallsfromonecomputerto
another.
PCCard(n)~Aremovabledevice,approximatelythesizeofacreditcard,thatcanbe
pluggedintoaPCMCIAslotinaportablecomputer.PCMCIAdevicescaninclude
modems,networkadapters,andharddiskdrives.
PCexperience(n)~Theexperienceauserhaswhenactivelyengagedwiththecomputer.
PCHealth(PN)~Asuiteoftechnologiesandfeaturesfocusedonprovidingendusers
withimprovedtechnicalsupportbyenablingWeb-basedsupportsolutions.PCHealthalso
providesbetteroperatingsystemreliability,andanenhancedend-userexperience,by
providingeasieraccesstohelpcontentandsupportservices.
PCprotection(PN)~TheSecuritysubcategorycontainingappstohelpprotectyourPC.
PCsettings(PN)~AcollectionofWindowsanddevicesettingsthatuserscanchange
groupedintoonelocation.
PCsite(PN)~TheWindowsMobilefooterlinktothesitethatisbuiltforviewingfroma
PC.
PCD(n)~AgraphicsfileformatdevelopedbyEastmanKodakCompany.
PCH(n)~Incomputerprogramming,anoptimizationdevelopedforcommand-line
compilerswherea(CorC++)headerfileiscompiledintoanintermediateformthatis
fastertoprocessforthecompiler.
PCI(n)~AspecificationintroducedbyIntelCorporationthatdefinesalocalbussystem
thatallowsupto10PCI-compliantexpansioncardstobeinstalledinthecomputer.
PCI~(PeripheralComponentInterconnect)-AstandardforPCexpansioncards,currently
themostpopularindesktopPCs.A‘PCIslot’isasocketonthe-motherboard-forsuch
cards.
PCIexpansionslot(n)~AconnectionsocketforaperipheraldesignedforthePeripheral
ComponentInterconnect(PCI)localbusonacomputermotherboard.
PCIExpress~AspecialtypeofPCIslotforgraphicscards,replacing-AGP-inmostnew
computers.
PCL(n)~Thepage-descriptionlanguagedevelopedbyHewlettPackardfortheirlaserand
inkjetprinters.Becauseofthewidespreaduseoflaserprinters,thiscommandlanguage
hasbecomeastandardinmanyprinters.
PCL(n)~Avaluebetween1and8thatisassignedtoamessagebasedonitscontentand
thatreflectstheliklihoodthatthemessageisphishing.
PCM(n)~Atechniquefordigitizingaudiointoanuncompressedformatbyassigninga
valuetotheamplitudeofthesignalatfixedintervals.
PCMCIA~(PersonalComputerMemoryCardInternationalAssociation)-Atypeof
PC-expansioncard,thesizeofanordinarycreditcard,mainlyintendedforuse
with-notebooks.
PCMCIAdevice(n)~Aremovabledevice,approximatelythesizeofacreditcard,that
canbepluggedintoaPCMCIAslotinaportablecomputer.PCMCIAdevicescaninclude
modems,networkadapters,andharddiskdrives.
p-code(n)~Amachinelanguageforanonexistentprocessor(apseudomachine).Such
codeisexecutedbyasoftwareinterpreter.
PCR(n)~AregisterinsideaTrustedPlatformModule(TPM).Thisregisterissufficiently
largetocontainahash(currentlyonlySHA-1).
PCT(n)~Aproposedprotocolstandardthatsupportsauthenticationandencryptionto
secureprivacyinInternetcommunications.PCTissimilartotheSecureSocketsLayer
(SSL)protocol.
PC-to-PCSync(n)~Theprocessofreconcilingthedifferencesbetweenafilestoredon
onePCandacopyofthesamefilestoredonanotherPC.
PCV(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstdiseasecausedbythebacterium
Streptococcuspneumoniae(pneumococcus).
PDA~(PersonalDigitalAssistant)-Asmallhandheldcomputerusedfortakingnoteson
themove,keepingcontactinformationandsoon.Seealso-palmtop.
PDBfile(oth)~Aprogramdatabasefile(PDB).APDBholdsdebuggingandprojectstate
informationthatallowsforincrementallinkingofadebugconfigurationofyourprogram.
PDC(n)~AcomputerrunningWindowsNT4.0Serverthatauthenticateslogonsand
maintainsthedirectorydatabaseforaWindowsNT4.0domain.Aprimarydomain
controllerisnotusedinaWindows2000domain.Instead,onedomaincontrolleris
designatedastheprimarydomaincontrolleremulatorforbackwardcompatibility.
PDCemulatormaster(n)~Adomaincontrollerthatholdstheprimarydomaincontroller
(PDC)emulatoroperationsmasterroleinActiveDirectory.ThePDCemulatorservices
networkclientsthatdonothaveActiveDirectoryclientsoftwareinstalled,andit
replicatesdirectorychangestoanyWindowsNTbackupdomaincontrollers(BDCs)inthe
domain.ThePDCemulatorhandlespasswordauthenticationrequestsinvolvingpasswords
thathaverecentlychangedandnotyetbeenreplicatedthroughoutthedomain.Atany
time,thePDCemulatormasterrolecanbeassignedtoonlyonedomaincontrollerineach
domain.
PDF(n)~TheAdobespecificationforelectronicdocumentsthatusetheAdobeAcrobat
familyofserversandreaders.
PDF(n)~AnASCIItextfilethatcontainspredefinedsoftwaredistributionobjects,such
asprogramsandpackagestobeusedforsoftwaredeployment.
PDF~(PortableDocumentFormat)-Apopulardocumentformat,usedmainlyforonline
computermanuals,-whichretainsthelookofaprintedbookonscreen.PDFsarecreated
usingAdobeAcrobat,butcanbereadanddisplayedbymanydifferentprograms
includingInternetExplorer.
PDFreflow(n)~AprocessthatconvertsaPDFfiletoflowingtextanddocument
elementsthatarenativetotheapplicationbeingused.
PDFReflow(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesPDFreflow.
PDFRender(PN)~AfeaturethatrendersaPDFdocumentasasingleorseriesof
picturesinapage.
PDK(n)~Adevelopmentkitthatincludesallthetools,technology,anddocumentation
thatarerequiredineachspecificareaoftheSurfaceproduct,suchasapplications
(includingtheSDK),Shell,hardware,andtheVisionSystem.
PEfile(n)~Thefileformatusedforexecutableprogramsandforfilestobelinked
togethertoformexecutableprograms.
peakexpiratoryflow(n)~Themaximumvolumeofairexhaledduringaforced
expirationstartingwiththelungsfullyinflated.
peakflowmeter(n)~Aportableinstrumentthatmeasurestheflowofairduringaforced
expiration.
peakheartrate(n)~Thefastestheartrate(measuredperminute)anindividualcansafely
achievethroughexercisestress.
PeakMemoryUsage(n)~InTaskManager,thepeakamountofphysicalmemory
residentinaprocesssinceitstarted.
peakpowerplan(n)~AConfigurationManagerpowerplanthatyoucanconfigurewith
powersettingsthatareappliedduringthepeakhoursorbusinesshoursthatyouspecify.
peaktime(n)~Theperiodoftimeduringthedayinwhichtheuserexperienceshighe-
mailvolume,typicallyduringregularbusinesshours.
Peaktimes(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoscheduleautomaticsynchronization
betweenthedeviceandtheExchangeServereverytimeanitemarrivesorischangedin
ExchangeServer(iftheorganizationisrunningExchangeServerwithExchange
ActiveSync),andafterthefirstfullsynchronizationwithExchangeServerwhenthe
volumeofe-mailishigh.
peakunits(n)~Thehighestlevelatwhicharesourceisscheduledforallassignedtasks
duringagivenperiodoftime.Peakunitsareexpressedasapercentage,numberofunits,
orconsumptionrate.
peek(v)~?Tohoveroveropenbrowsertabsandseethumbnailsoftheunderlying
webpage.
peer(n)~Anyofthedevicesonalayeredcommunicationsnetworkthatoperateonthe
sameprotocollevel.
peer(n)~Anodethatmakescacheddataavailabletoclientsneedingtoretrievethedata.
PeerChannel(PN)~Aprotocolthatisusedforbroadcastingmessagesoveravirtual
networkofcooperatingnodes.Itisusedtosendandreceivemessagesbetweennodesina
namedmesh.
peerdiscovery(n)~Theprocessoflocatingpeerswhichhavethedataonewouldliketo
retrieve.
peermesh(n)~TheworldwidecollectionofnetworksandgatewaysthatusetheTCP/IP
suiteofprotocolstocommunicatewithoneanother.
PeerNameResolutionProtocol(n)~Astandardsetofformatsandprocedureswhich
enablessecureanddynamicpublication,registrationandresolutionofcomputernames
andIPaddressesincludingtheabilitytoregistermultiplenamesonasinglecomputer,
multiplecomputerstoasinglename,andhavenamesregisteredbyapplications.
peernode(n)~Aninstanceofachannelendpointparticipatinginthemeshthat
implementsthePeerChannelProtocol.
peersystem(n)~Amainframe,midrange,orpersonalcomputerthatcommunicateswith
anothercomputerasanequalpartner,withbothcomputerssharingcontroloverthe
communication.
peertrust(n)~Afeaturethatallowsausertoexplicitlytrustanendusercertificate,
withoutfirsttrustingtherootCA.
peer-caching(n)~Theprocessoftemporarilystoringrecentlyaccessedinformationina
specialmemorysubsystemsharedbytwoormorepeersystems.
Peer-to-Peer(n)~AniteminControlPanelthatopensadialogboxthatallowstheuserto
setpreferencesforapeer-to-peernetwork.
Peer-to-peer~Atypeof-network-wherecomputersareconnectedtogetherdirectly,
ratherthanviaa-server,allowingthemtoaccesseachother’sharddisketc.Mosthome
networsworklikethis.
peer-to-peergraph(n)~Theworldwidecollectionofnetworksandgatewaysthatusethe
TCP/IPsuiteofprotocolstocommunicatewithoneanother.
peer-to-peernetwork(n)~Agroupofcomputersthatareconnectedonanetworkand
shareresources,suchasprintersandfiles.
peer-to-peerreplication(n)~Atypeoftransactionalreplication.Incontrasttoread-only
transactionalreplicationandtransactionalreplicationwithupdatingsubscriptions,the
relationshipsbetweennodesinaPeertoPeerreplicationtopologyarepeerrelationships
ratherthanhierarchicalones,witheachnodecontainingidenticalschemaanddata.
peer-to-peertechnology(n)~Atechnologythatenablescomputerstocommunicate
directlywitheachotherovertheInternetoraprivatenetworkwithouttheneedfora
server.
PEF(n)~Themaximumvolumeofairexhaledduringaforcedexpirationstartingwiththe
lungsfullyinflated.
pegging(n)~Theprocessoftracingthequantityofarequireditemtoitssource.
peggingevent(n)~Aresourcefloweventthatsignalsthedemandforaproduct.
PEGI(n)~Aself-regulatorybodywhichindependentlyappliesandenforcesinteractive
gameratingsadoptedbytheindustryinEurope.
PEGI12+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGaming
Information(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
PEGI16+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGaming
Information(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
PEGI18+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGaming
Information(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
PEGI3+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
PEGI7+(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
PEGI/BBFC(n)~AgameratingssystemfortheUK.
pel(n)~Thesmallestelementusedtoformthecompositionofanimageonacomputer
monitor.Computermonitorsdisplayimagesbydrawingthousandsofverysmallpixels
arrangedincolumnsandrows.
PEL(n)~ThePerformancePointlanguagethatisusedtowritebusinessrulesthat
automateoperationsandcalculateperformancedataforafinancialmodel.
Pen(PN)~AtoolthatletsyoudrawaBezierpathbyclicking(forcorneranchorpoints)or
click-and-dragging(forcurves)aseriesofanchorpoints.
pen(n)~ApointedinputdevicethatcomeswithamobiledeviceortabletPC,andisused
tonavigatethroughapplicationsandtoinputinformation.
penbutton(n)~Abuttononsometabletpens.Youcanuseittoperformcertainactions,
includingamouseright-clickequivalent.
pencomment(n)~Acommentcreatedbyusingastylus.MicrosoftOfficeWordtreatsa
pencommentlikeanyotherdrawingobject.Pencommentsdon’tappearintheReviewing
Pane,andWorddoesn’tinsertcommentmarksinthedocumentwindow.
pendrive(n)~Asmalldeviceusedtostoreinformation.USBflashdrivespluginto
computerUSBportssoyoucancopyinformationtoorfromthem,makingiteasytoshare
andtransportinformation.
penflick(n)~Agestureyoucanmakewithatabletpentoquicklynavigateandperform
shortcuts.
Pen-CentricTabletPCs~pen-centricandrunfull,user-controlledoperatingsystems,
suchas-Apple’siPad
Pencil(PN)~Atoolusedtodrawfreehandpaths.
pencil(n)~Apenciltoolthatsimulatesthelookandfeelofdrawinglineswithapencil.
Pending(adj)~Astatusthatdenotesthatresourceshavebeenscheduledtoperformwork
foraserviceactivity,butmaybesubjecttochange.
pending(Adverb)~Astatethatreferstoaresourceinafailoverclusterorservercluster
whentheresourceisintheprocessofbeingbroughtonlineortakenoffline.
pendingaction(n)~Anyactionthathasnotbecompletedforaparticularcomputer.
pendingarea(n)~Aconversationareawhereconversationsthatarenotactive(e.g.,on
hold)aredisplayed.
pendingchange(n)~Achangethathasbeenmadeinoneenlistmentbuthasnotyetbeen
submittedtothedatabaseforpublishingandpermanentrecord.
pendingclosed(adj)~Thestatewhentheperiodoroperationalprocesscanonlytransition
toaclosedstate,orwhenasourcedocumentcanonlytransitiontoaclosedstatus.
pendingconversationarea(n)~Aconversationareawhereconversationsthatarenot
active(e.g.,onhold)aredisplayed.
pendingtest(n)~Atestthathasbeenselectedtorunbutisnotyetinprogress.Pending
testscanbeviewedintheTestResultswindow.
pendinguser(n)~ApersonwhowasinvitedtojoinYammerbuthasnotjoined.
penetrationtest(n)~Atestthatlooksforattackpathsthatmightbeusedtogainaccessto
assets.
PenetrationTest~Penetrationtestsattempttoexploitvulnerabilitiestodetermine
whetherunauthorizedaccessorothermaliciousactivityispossible.
Pentium~ThebestknownPC-processor-(or-CPU),manufacturedbyIntel.
People(PN)~Thelinktothelistofcontactsfromyourmailandmessengeraccounts.
People(PN)~Anappthatfacilitatescontactlistandsocialupdatemanagement.
People(PN)~Aviewthataggregatesrichinformationaboutyourcontactsandmakesit
easytoinitiatecommunicationwiththem.
PeopleDirectory(PN)~TheYammerdirectorythatallowsuserstosearchforotheruser
profiles.
PeopleNearMe(n)~Afeaturethatidentifiespeopleusingcomputersnearyousothat
youcanusefeaturesandprogramsthatusepeer-to-peertechnology.
PeopleNearMe(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoshareitemssuchasdocumentsor
folderswithotherdevicesonalayeredcommunicationsnetworkthatoperateonthesame
protocollevel.
PeoplePane(PN)~ApaneinOutlookthatdisplaysaselectedcontactalongwithrelevant
information(photos,statusmessagesorfeeds,calendaritems,etc.)fromOutlookand
othernetworks.
Peoplepeek(n)~Acontextualsummaryoftheuser’sfavoritecontactsandPeoplesearch
functionality,whichisdisplayedinacalloutwithoutswitchingtothePeopleview.
peopletag(n)~Atagusedtoidentifyapersoninaphoto.
Peopletags(PN)~Theheadingforthetagsthatidentifypeopleinaphoto.Thisheading
isusedforthegroupofallpeopletagsusedinsomeone’sphotogallery,andforthegroup
ofpeopletagsinanindividualphoto.
Peopleview(n)~Afeaturethatfiltersauser’sInboxtoonlydisplayemailmessagesfrom
peoplewhoaretheuser’sfrequentcontacts.Whenafrequentcontactsendstheuseranew
email,thesender’sphotoisdisplayedbeneath-€œPeople-€?intheFolderPane.Whenthe
userselectsthesender’sphotounder-€œPeople,-€?emailmessagesfromthatsenderare
displayed.
Peoples~PeoplesisPCSoperatorinHongKong,nowbrandname‘PEOPLES’ofChina
MobileHongKong.-http://www.peoples.com.hk
PerDevicelicensingmode(PN)~Amodeinwhichtheremotedesktopserverrequestsan
RDSPerDeviceclientaccesslicense(RDSPerDeviceCAL)fromaRemoteDesktop
licenseserversothatadevicecanconnectremotelytotheremotedesktopserver.
perdiem(n)~Anallowanceprovidedtoanemployeewhoistravelingforbusiness.The
perdiemusuallycoverslodging,mealsandincidentalexpenses.
permonitor-€“DPIaware(adj)~PertainingtoanapplicationthatadjuststhesizeofUI
elementsdynamicallytoaccommodatechangestotheDPIsetting.
PerUserlicensingmode(PN)~Amodeinwhichtheremotedesktopserverrequestsan
RDSPerUserclientaccesslicense(RDSPerUserCAL)fromaRemoteDesktoplicense
serversothatausercanconnectremotelytotheremotedesktopserver.
peruserownership(n)~Thevirtualmachineownershipunderwhich,ifaself-service
policyiscreatedforagroup,eachgroupmemberownsandmanageshisowncomputers
and,ifavirtualmachinequotahasbeenset,thequotaplacesanindividuallimitonthe
virtualmachinescreatedbyeachgroupmember.
percentcomplete(n)~Afieldthatyouusetoenterordisplayhowmuchofataskhas
beencompleted.Thisvalueisexpressedasthepercentageofthetaskdurationthathas
beencompleted.
percentmargin(n)~Apricingmethodthatdeterminestheunitpriceoftheproduct,
whichiscalculatedasapercentoftheprofitthatyouwanttoreceive.
percentmarkup(n)~Apricingmethodthatdeterminestheunitpriceoftheproductis
calculatedasapercentmarkupofthecurrentcostorstandardcostthatwasenteredinthe
CurrentCostfieldontheProductform.
percentoflist(n)~Apricingmethodthatdeterminestheunitpriceoftheproductasa
percentofthepricethatwasenteredintheListPricefieldontheProductform.
percentsign(n)~The%character.
percentworkcomplete(n)~Apercentagevaluethatindicatesthecurrentstatusofatask,
resource,orassignment,expressedasthepercentageofworkthathasbeencompleted.
percentagemarkup(n)~Thepercentageamountthatthelistpriceisincreasedtoarrive
atacustomprice.Forexamplea20percentincreasemeansthatthepriceis120percentof
thelistprice.
percentageoff(n)~Thepercentageamountthatthelistpriceisdecreasedtoarriveata
customprice.Forexamplea20percentdiscountmeansthatthepriceis80percentofthe
listprice.
perfectforwarding(n)~Restoringthervalue-nessofanargument’soriginalvaluein
ordertoperformoverloadresolution.
performance(n)~Thedegreetowhichaproductorserviceexecutesitsspecified
function.
Performance(PN)~MicrosoftEdgedevelopertooltoprofileawebpageframerate.This
toolhelpsyouseewhatishappeningbehindthesceneswhenyourpagesareslowing
down.
performanceanalysis(n)~Theassessmentofactualperformanceagainstanestablished
standard.
PerformanceAnalyzerforHTML5Apps(PN)~AtoolwithintheWindowsSDKused
toanalyzetheperformanceofWindowsStoreappsthatuseHTML5andJavaScript.
PerformanceandResourceOptimization(PN)~Afeaturethatsupportsworkload-and
application-awareresourceoptimizationwithinavirtualizedenvironment.Basedon
performanceandhealthdataprovidedbyPRO-enabledmanagementpacks,PROcan
automaticallyormanuallyimplementrecommendationsorTipstominimizedowntime
andacceleratetimetoresolution.
PerformanceandResourceOptimizationpack(n)~AtypeofSystemCenterpackthat
providesclasses,monitors,alerts,andtasksforPerformanceandResourceOptimization
(PRO)inVirtualMachineManager.
PerformanceandResourceOptimizationtip(n)~Arecommendationprovidedbya
PRO-enabledmanagementpackthatcanbeimplementedautomaticallyormanuallyto
optimizeperformanceorreducedowntimeforworkloadsrunninginvirtualized
environments.
PerformanceCenter(n)~ItemontheControlPanelthatallowstheusertomonitorPC
performance.
PerformanceCollectionTools(PN)~Asetoftoolsthatallowdeveloperstomeasure,
evaluate,andtargetperformance-relatedissuesintheircode.
performancecounter(n)~Asetofcomponentsthatallowyoutotracktheperformance
ofanapplication.
performancedata(n)~SamplednumericdatacollectedfromWindowsNTperformance
counters.
performancedataview(n)~Awindowthatdisplaysspecifiedperformanceinformation.
performancedegradation(n)~Areductionofperformance.
performancedimension(n)~Adimensionusedtodistinguishandcategorizekey
performanceactivityagainstobjectives.
performanceevent(n)~Aneventthatisraisedifaperformancemetric,suchasthetime
fromwhenarequestwasmadeuntiltheresponseissent,exceedstheconfigured
threshold.
PerformanceLogsandAlerts(PN)~ADistributedComponentObjectModel(DCOM)
APIthatenablesapplicationprogrammerstologsystemperformanceanddiagnosisdata,
andtogeneratealertnotificationsbasedonperformancecounterthresholds.
performancemanagement(n)~Themodificationofaprocessortasktoimprove
performancetomeetanestablishedstandard.
performancemeasure(n)~Samplednumericdatacollectedforcapacityplanning.
performancemonitor(n)~Aprocessorprogramthatappraisesandrecordsstatus
informationaboutvarioussystemdevicesandotherprocesses.
performancemonitoring(n)~Theprocessofwatchingthemessageprocess/receiverate,
numberofrunningorchestrations,numberofcachehits,memoryusageovertime,andso
on.
performanceobject(n)~InSystemMonitor,alogicalcollectionofcountersthatis
associatedwitharesourceorservicethatcanbemonitored.
performanceprocessingrules(n)~Rulesthatgovernprocessperformanceorcapacity
typecounters.
PerformanceReviews(PN)~Atemplatethataddresses,fromaHumanResources
perspective,thegeneralactivitiesthatdefinethetypicalquarterlyorannualperformance
reviewcycle.Thistemplateassumesaperformancereviewprocesshaspreviouslybeen
establishedandassumesthatperformanceisnottiedtocompensation.
performancerule(n)~ArulethatdefineshowMicrosoftOperationsManager(MOM)
processesperformancecounterdataandWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)
numericdata.
performancetest(n)~Aprocedureusedtoassessperformance.
performancethreshold(n)~Avalueagainstwhichsamplednumericdataiscompared.
OperationsManagergeneratesanalertifthethresholdiscrossedineitherdirection.
performancetools(n)~Toolsthatyoucanusetoevaluatetheperformanceofasolution.
Performancetoolscanhavedifferentpurposes;somearedesignedtoevaluateend-to-end
performancewhileothersfocusonevaluatingperformanceofaparticularaspectofa
solution.
PerformanceToolsforVisualStudio2013(PN)~Thetoolswhichletdevelopers
measure,evaluate,andtargetperformance-relatedissuesintheirapplicationsinVisual
Studio2013.
PerformanceToolsforVisualStudio2013LanguagePack(PN)~LanguagePackisa
freeadd-onthatyoucanusetoswitchthelanguagethat’sdisplayedinthePerformance
ToolsforVisualStudio2013userinterface.
Performancetroubleshooter(n)~Atroubleshooterthathelpsoptimizeperformance
settingsinWindows.
Performanceview(n)~Awindowthatdisplaysspecifiedperformanceinformation.
PerformancePointAdd-inforExcel(n)~Acomponentthatisinstalledonyour
computertoaddPerformancePointPlanningcommandsandfunctionstoExcel.Ittakes,as
input,disparateenterpriseinformationportal(EIP)andline-of-business(LOB)data,
whichiscollectedbyusingPerformancePointPlanningmodels.
PerformancePointcommonservices(n)~Asetofcommonly-usedandsharedservices
suchasLogger,Configuration,SecurityManager,ResourceManager,Transaction
Management,TaskandScheduleManager,TypeLibraryManager,andDataAccess
Layer.
PerformancePointContentList(PN)~Alistthatstorestheelementsthatareusedto
constructaPerformancePointdashboard.
PerformancePointDashboardDesigner(PN)~Aclientapplicationthatyouuseto
createandmanagedashboards,scorecards,reports,andotherPerformancePointitems
priortodeployingthemwithinadashboardtoaSharePointsite.
PerformancePointExpressionLanguage(n)~ThePerformancePointlanguagethatis
usedtowritebusinessrulesthatautomateoperationsandcalculateperformancedatafora
financialmodel.
PerformancePointMonitoringServer(PN)~Acomputerorgroupofcomputersthat
hostthePerformancePointMonitoringServerdatabaseandPerformancePointMonitoring
ServerWebService.
PerformancePointMonitoringServerConfigurationManager(PN)~The
administrationwizardthatisusedforinstallingandconfiguringMonitoringServer,
includingsuchtasksasaddingorremovingcomponents,specifyingthelocationofthe
MonitoringSystemdatabase,andconfiguringtheserverforSQLServerReporting
ServicesandWindowsSharePointServicesorMicrosoftOfficeSharePointServices.
PerformancePointMonitoringServerWebService(PN)~Acollectionofapplication
programminginterfaces(APIs)thatprovidethecorefunctionalityofPerformancePoint
MonitoringServer,connectingPerformancePointDashboardDesignertotheMonitoring
Serverdatabase,DashboardViewerforSharePoint,anddatasources.
PerformancePointMonitoringSystemdatabase(PN)~Thedatabasethatstoresthe
PerformancePointMonitoringServermetadata,whichconsistsofuserpermissionsand
settingsfordashboardelements.
PerformancePointPlanningAdministrationConsole(PN)~Athinclientthatallows
membersoftheglobaladministratorroletomakeconfigurationstoanycomputerthatis
runningPerformancePointPlanningServer.Configurationsincludecreatingandediting
applications,creatingandeditingmodelsites,addinguserstoPerformancePointPlanning
Serverapplications,andaddinguserstoorremovingusersfromtheglobaladministrator
role,theModelerrole,ortheuseradministratorrole.
PerformancePointPlanningBusinessModeler(n)~AcomponentofPerformancePoint
PlanningServerthatistheprimaryinterfacefordesigningandmanagingbusiness
applicationsthatperformcomplexplanning,budgeting,forecasting,andconsolidation.
PerformancePointPlanningServer(PN)~ThePlanningservercomponentof
PerformancePointServer.Itisaninfrastructurethatincludeseverythingbetweenthe
PerformancePointServerclienttierandtheSQLServer2005databasesandSQLServer
AnalysisServicescubes.
PerformancePointPlanningServerConfigurationManager(PN)~Theadministration
wizardthatisusedforconfiguringPlanningServer,includingsuchtasksasaddingor
removingWebservicesandcreatingorprovisioninganewsystemdatabase.
PerformancePointPlanningservice(PN)~TheWindowsservicethatmanagesand
processestheworkitemqueueinPerformancePlanningServer.PerformancePoint
PlanningServerworkitemscanincludejobandcubeprocessing,datawritebacks,and
auditandtracelogging.
PerformancePointServer(PN)~Acompleteperformancemanagement(PM)application
thatincludesbusinessscorecarding,analyticsandplanningfunctionality.
PerformancePointServerenablescompaniestounderstandandmanagethevastamounts
offinancialandotherperformancedatageneratedbymediumandlargeenterprisesduring
thecourseofbusiness.
PerformancePointService(PN)~TheSharePointserviceapplicationthatenables
dashboardingcapabilitiesbymeansofscorecards,analyticgridsandcharts,andother
decision-makingtoolsfortheenterprise.
PerformancePointServiceapplication(PN)~ASharePointServerserviceapplication
thatenablesPerformancePointfunctionality.
PerformancePointServiceapplicationproxy(PN)~ThePerformancePointWebFront
End(WFE)serviceinterface.ItabstractsthecommunicationlayerbetweenWFE
componentsandtheserviceapplication.
PerformancePointServices(PN)~AcollectionofservicesforMicrosoftSharePoint
Serverthatenablesuserstomonitororganizationalgoals,toanalyzeperformance
informationthroughup-to-datecontentandcontext-richdashboardsandscorecards,andto
usethatinformationtomakebusinessdecisions.
PerformancePointServicesCentralAdministration(PN)~AcollectionofSharePoint
administrationpagesthattheadministratorcanusetoconfigurePerformancePoint
ServicesforSharePoint.
PerformancePointServicesinMicrosoftSharePointServer(PN)~Acollectionof
servicesforMicrosoftSharePointServerthatenablesuserstomonitororganizational
goals,toanalyzeperformanceinformationthroughup-to-datecontentandcontext-rich
dashboardsandscorecards,andtousethatinformationtomakebusinessdecisions.
PerformancePointSettingsDatabase(PN)~APerformancePoint-specificdatabasethat
storestheannotationsforeachdashboardelement,user-basedfilterselections,andother
informationaboutdashboardelements.
perimeternetwork(n)~OneormorecomputersthathaveaconnectiontotheInternet
throughanexternalscreeningrouterandaconnectiontotheinternalnetworkthroughan
interiorscreeningrouter.Computersthatarelinkedtotheperimeternetworkhavelimited
accesstoboththeInternetandtheinternalnetwork.Thisarchitectureisconvenientif
multiplehostsrequiredirectInternetaccess.
period(n)~Menstrualflow,aninstanceofmenstruation.
periodicdiscount(n)~Apricereductionineffectduringasettime.
periodicspline(n)~Aclosedsplinewithnodefinedendpoints.
peripheral(n)~Adevice,suchasadiskdrive,printer,modem,orjoystick,thatis
connectedtoacomputerandiscontrolledbythecomputer’smicroprocessor.
Peripheral~Anythingthatplugsintothecomputer,suchaskeyboard,printeretc.
peripheralcomponentinterconnect(n)~AspecificationintroducedbyIntelCorporation
thatdefinesalocalbussystemthatallowsupto10PCI-compliantexpansioncardstobe
installedinthecomputer.
Perl(n)~Aninterpretedlanguage,basedonCandseveralUNIXutilities.Perlhas
powerfulstring-handlingfeaturesforextractinginformationfromtextfiles.Perlcan
assembleastringandsendittotheshellasacommand;therefore,itisoftenusedfor
systemadministrationtasks.AprograminPerlisknownasascript.Perlwasdevisedby
LarryWallattheNASAJetPropulsionLaboratory.
PerlinNoise(n)~AtechniquedevelopedbyKenPerlinwhichusesatexturingprimitive
(noise)incombinationwithmathematicalexpressionstorendernaturallookingimages
andtexturessuchasice,woodgrainandstoneoncomputergeneratedsurfacesingraphics
andanimations.
PermanentAccountNumber(PN)~A10-characteralphanumericidentifierissuedbythe
IndianIncomeTaxDepartmenttoalltaxableentitiesfortaxationandidentification
purposes.
permanentconsumer(n)~Aneventconsumerwhoseregistrationlastsuntilitis
explicitlycancelled.
permission(n)~Aruleassociatedwithanobjecttoregulatewhichuserscangainaccess
totheobjectandinwhatmanner.Permissionsareassignedordeniedbytheobject’s
owner.
permission(n)~ParentalconsentforachildtouseaWindowsLiveservice,viewa
website,orcommunicatewithaperson.
permission(n)~Oneormoresecurableobjectpermissionsthatsecureaccesstological
unitsofapplicationdataandfunctionality.
Permission(PN)~AsettingthatdetermineswhatactionsaCustomerorCSRmaytake
and/orwhatcontenttheycanviewontheSupportPortal.
permissionclass(n)~Aclassthatdefinesaccesstoaresourceordefinesanindentityby
supportingauthorizationchecks.
permissionlevel(n)~AsetofpermissionsthatcanbegrantedtousersorSharePoint
groupsonanentitysuchasasite,library,list,folder,item,ordocument.
permissionobject(n)~Aninstanceofapermissionclassthatrepresentsaccessrightsto
resourcesoridentity.Apermissionobjectcanbeusedtospecifyarequest,demand,ora
grantofpermission.
permissionpolicy(n)~Anapproachtorestrictingpermissionforagivendocument,
workbook,presentation,ormessage.ThepolicydefineswhichOfficefeaturesare
available,whichinformationcanbeaccessed,andwhatlevelofeditingisallowed.
permissionsetting(n)~Aconfigurationthatenablestheusertodeterminewhetheran
individualordomaincanaddhimtocontactlists,seehisstatus,orsendinstantmessages
tohim.Forindividuals,thepossiblepermissionsareAllowandBlock.Fordomains,the
threetypesofpermissionsareAllow,Block,andNotify.
permissiontype(n)~Oneof2or3possiblepermissionsthatausercangranttousersor
domainsintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePermissionstab.Forindividualusers,the
possiblepermissionsareAllowandBlock.Fordomains,thethreetypesofpermissionsare
Allow,Block,andNotify.
permissions(n)~Authorizationtoperformoperationsassociatedwithaspecificshared
resource,suchasafile,directory,orprinter.Permissionsmustbegrantedbythesystem
administratortoindividualuseraccountsoradministrativegroups.
permissionslevel(n)~Theextentofaccessauserhastoasite.Thedefaultpermissions
levelsareRead,Edit,Design,andFullControl.
permissionslist(n)~AlistintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePrivacytab,thatdisplaysthe
peopleordomainsforwhichtheuserhassetpermissions.
per-programIPvirtualization(n)~ARemoteDesktopIPVirtualizationmodethatis
configuredontheremotedesktopserverinwhichspecifiedprogramsareassignedunique
virtualIPaddresses,whileallotherprogramsusetheIPaddressoftheremotedesktop
server.
per-seatlicensing(n)~AlicensingmodethatrequiresaseparateClientAccessLicense
foreachclientcomputer,regardlessofwhetheralltheclientsaccesstheserveratthesame
time.
per-serverlicensing(n)~AlicensingmodethatrequiresaseparateClientAccessLicense
foreachconcurrentconnectiontotheserver,regardlessofwhetherthereareotherclient
computersonthenetworkthatdonothappentoconnectconcurrently.
per-sessionIPvirtualization(n)~ARemoteDesktopIPVirtualizationmodethatis
configuredontheremotedesktopserverinwhichallprogramsinaclientsessionusethe
samevirtualIPaddress.EachclientsessionisassignedauniquevirtualIPaddress.
persistedcomputedcolumn(n)~Acomputedcolumnofatablethatisphysicallystored,
andwhosevaluesareupdatedwhenanyothercolumnsthatarepartofitscomputation
change.Applyingthepersistedpropertytoacomputedcolumnallowsforindexestobe
createdonitwhenthecolumnisdeterministic,butnotprecise.
persistence(n)~Thesavingofthestateofaworkflowinstanceoraservicetoastorage
medium,sothatitcanbeunloadedfrommemoryorrecoveredafterasystemfailure.
persistenceprovider(n)~Afeatureinthe.NETFrameworkthatsavesandrestores
workflowinstancestoandfromastoragemedium.
persistencestore(n)~Asetofdatabasetablesthatstoreworkflowinstancestateand
workflowinstancemetadata.
persistentchat(n)~Atypeofchatinwhichmessagesarepostedtoachatroomwhere
theycanbeviewedandrespondedtoinrealtimebymultipleparticipants.Userscan
searchforotherroomsbyname,member/owner,keywords,andcontentacrossgroups
fromLync.
persistentcookie(n)~Acookiethatremainsontheuser’scomputerbetweenbrowser
sessions;acookiewithanexpirationtimeindependentofwhenthebrowserisclosed.
persistentfilehandle(n)~Afilehandlethathasapersistentvalueforthelifetimeofthe
filesystemobjecttowhichitrefers.
persistentobject(n)~ACOMobjectthatadherestostandardsthroughwhichclientscan
requestobjectstobeinitialized,loaded,andsavedtoandfromadatastore,suchasaflat
file,structuredstorage,ormemory.
persistentreservation(n)~AreservationplacedonadiskbyFailoverClusteringto
preventcomputersotherthantheappropriateclustermemberfromaccessingthedisk.
PersistentSharedObjectModel(n)~AcustomprotocolfortransportingWeb
conferencingcontent.
persistentvirtualmachine(n)~Avirtualmachinethatwillretainthedataindefinitely,
evenafterthereboot
persistentVM(n)~Avirtualmachinethatwillretainthedataindefinitely,evenafterthe
reboot
personrecord(n)~Therecordthatcontainsperson-specificinformation(age,height,etc)
inCRM.
personrelationship(n)~IntheBusinessNetworkfeatureinCRM,theconnectionthata
personhastoanotherperson,whetherexplicit,wheretherelationshipisdefined,or
implicit,wherethepeoplemayhavehadcontact,buttherelationshipisnotdefined.
personreminder(n)~Aremindersetbytheusertogooffwhentheusercontactsoris
contactedbyaparticularperson.
persona(n)~Afictionalreality,collectingtogetherrealdatadescribingtheimportant
characteristicsofaparticularusergroupinafictionalcharacter.Apersonadescribesthe
typicalskills,abilities,needs,desires,workinghabits,tasks,andbackgroundsofa
particularsetofusers.
Personal(adj)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatallowsthemostamountofinformation
tobeviewed.
Personal(PN)~AtypeofnotebooklistedinOneNoteNotebooksscreen.
PersonalAddressBook(n)~Acustomizableaddressbookusedtostorepersonale-mail
addressesyouusefrequently.However,Contactsoffersmoreadvancedfeaturesforthis
function.PersonalAddressBookfileshavea.pabextensionandcanbecopiedtodisk.
PersonalAreaNetwork(n)~Asmall,InternetProtocol(IP)-basednetwork.Itisusually
usedforshort-range,ad-hoccommunicationbetweendevicesandcomputers.APANmay
alsobeusedtoenableconnectivitytoalargerLocalAreaNetwork(LAN),Wide-Area
Network(WAN),ortheInternet.WindowsXPsupportstheBluetoothPANservicesoyou
cancreatePersonalAreaNetworksusingBluetooth.
personalassistant(n)~ThepersonalassistantfeatureonWindowsPhoneandWindows.
personalcard(n)~Aninformationcardthatauserhascreated.Theuserenterspersonal
informationwhichisthenstoredasaself-issuedcardinasecurestore.Alongwiththat
personalinformation,theself-issuedcardcontainsa-€œprivatepersonalidentifier-€?,
whichisgeneratedwhenthecardiscreated.
personalcertificate(n)~Acertificatethatidentifiesanindividualsoftwareuser.
PersonalChatLink(n)~AwebaddressgeneratedbyaCSRthatinitiatesaChatRequest
forthatCSRonly.
personalcomputer(n)~Amicrocomputerdesignedforusebyonepersonatatime.
Personalcomputersdonotneedtosharetheprocessing,disk,andprinterresourcesof
anothercomputer.
personaldesktop(n)~Afulldesktopenvironmentthatispersonalizedforand-€œowned-
€?byanindividualuser,asopposedtoashareddesktopwhichdoesnotcarrymuchuser
personalization.
personaldetail(n)~Anaccountdetailwhichidentifiesaperson,suchasfirstname,last
name,andemailaddress.
personaldigitalassistant(n)~Alightweightpalmtopcomputerdesignedtoprovide
specificfunctionslikepersonalorganization(calendar,notetaking,database,calculator,
andsoon)aswellascommunications.Moreadvancedmodelsalsooffermultimedia
features.ManyPDAdevicesrelyonapenorotherpointingdeviceforinputinsteadofa
keyboardormouse,althoughsomeofferakeyboardtoosmallfortouchtypingtousein
conjunctionwithapenorpointingdevice.Fordatastorage,aPDAreliesonflashmemory
insteadofpower-hungrydiskdrives.
personalfinance(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesmanagementofpersonal
finances.
personalfolder(n)~Afoldercontainingyourmostfrequentlyusedfolders(suchas
Documents,Pictures,Music,Favorites,Contacts,andotherfoldersthatarespecificto
youruseraccount).Thepersonalfolderislabeledwiththenameyouusetologontoyour
computerandislocatedatthetopoftheStartmenu.
PersonalFolder(PN)~Thetooltipthatisdisplayedwhenhoveringoverapersonalfolder
ontheManageFolderswebpage.
personalidentificationnumber(n)~Auniqueandsecretidentificationcodesimilartoa
passwordthatisassignedtoanauthorizeduserandusedtogainaccesstopersonal
informationorassetsviaanelectronicdevice.
PersonalInformationManager(n)~Anapplicationthatusuallyincludesanaddress
bookandorganizesunrelatedinformation,suchasnotes,appointments,andnames,ina
usefulway.
personalmessage(n)~AcustomizedmessagethatsomeonesetsinWindowsLive
Messenger,onWindowsLiveHome,orontheirprofilepage.Thestatusmessageispartof
theshareanything’control.Theinformationisdistributedtoanyconnectedservice.’
personalnote(n)~Atextnoteprovidedbyauserthatisdisplayedalongwithhisorher
presencestatus.
personalpreview(n)~AvideopreviewforaLyncuserthatprovidesoptionstoanswer
withvideofromwithinthenotification.
personalschedule(n)~Ascheduleofactivitiesthatarenotrelatedtowork.
Personalsecurity(PN)~TheSecuritysubcategorycontainingappstoenhanceyour
personalsecurity.
PersonalSettings(n)~AnareaintheWorksCalendarwheretheusercansetoptionsfor
individualcalendars.
personalsettings(n)~Personalconfigurationsofaprogramoroperatingsystem.
personalstore(n)~Acertificatestoreassociatedwithanindividualuser.
PersonalTransfer(n)~AUIelementthatallowstheusertotransferacalltoanotherone
ofhisorherdevices.
personalvault(n)~AtypeofvaultthatcontainsWebpasswordsandsecurenotesthat
youcanplaceonaUSBflashdriveanduseonanothercomputer.
personalview(n)~Aviewofalist,SharePointdocumentlibrary,orWebPartPagethatis
availableonlytoaparticularuser.
PersonalVirtualAssistant(n)~Aservicethatimplementscontrolofin-conference
servicesforonePSTNuser.Itlistensforrequestkeycommandsfromtheuser’sPSTN
deviceandexecutesthemtocontrolthephonefunctionality.Forexample,PVA
implements#6(mute)fromthePSTNuser.
personalvirtualdesktop(n)~Avirtualmachinethatisassignedtoaspecificuser
accountinActiveDirectoryDomainServicesandmadeavailabletotheuserbyusing
RemoteAppandDesktopConnection.
PersonalVirtualDesktopservice(n)~Aservicethatallowsuserstoconnecttotheir
own,personallyassignedvirtualdesktops.
personality(n)~?ThesetofcharacteristicsthatdefinewhatmakesCortanadistinctive,
recognizable,andcompelling.
personalization(n)~AfeaturewithwhichyoucandirectWeb-basedcontentore-mail
messagestocustomersbasedontheiruserprofiledataandtheirpreviousrequestsfor
content.
personalization(n)~Asetofstrategiesforadjustingtherecognizertoanindividual’s
user’shandwriting,e.g.theshapesoftheircharactersorthespecificwordstheyuseand
don’tuse.
personalization(n)~AfeatureoftheWebPartscontrolsetthatenablesendusersto
personalize(modify)WebPartscontrolsandsavethepersonalizedsettings.
Personalizationcanapplytoindividualusers(userscope)ortoallusers(sharedscope).
personalization(n)~IconsnexttoBingsearchresultsthatindicateresultsthatareliked
byFacebookfriends,nearyourlocation,ortrendingonTwitter.
personalization(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertochangeasite’scolorschemeand
backgroundimage.
Personalization(PN)~AnappcategoryforpeoplewholiketocustomizetheirPCor
Phone.
personalizationprovider(n)~Aservercontrolthatprovidespersistentstoragefor
personalizationstate-stateregardingthecontentandlayoutofWebPartspages-generated
bytheWebPartspersonalizationservice.
personalizationscope(n)~ThestateofaWebPartspagethatdeterminestherangeof
userstowhichpersonalizationchangesapply.TheWebPartManagercontroldetermines
thepersonalizationscopeforaWebPartspage.ThePersonalizationScopeenumeration
providestwopossiblescopes(SharedandUser)thatapagecanbeinatanygiventime.In
sharedscope,personalizationchangesmadetosharedcontrolsapplytoallusers.Inuser
scope,personalizationchangesmadetosharedandper-usercontrolsapplyonlytothe
specificuser.
Personalize(PN)~ThelabelfortheWindowsLiveDevicestaskwebpagewheresomeone
specifiesanameandaniconforthecomputerthattheyplantosync.
personalize(v)~Toaddapersonaltouchtosomething.
personalizedactivity(n)~Thestrongestsignalfromaspecificuser’sgraphthatisshown
intheactivityarea.
personalizedmenu(n)~Amenuthatshowsonlybasiccommandsandcommandsthat
youuseoften.
personalizedWebPart(n)~AsharedWebPartthathasbeenmodifiedbyauserin
personalview.ThechangesmadetoaWebPartpersonalizedinthiswayarevisibleonly
totheuserwhomadethosechanges.
person-typeentity(n)~Anentitythatrepresentsaperson,declaredassuchinmetadata.
perspective(n)~Auser-definedsubsetofacube,whereasaviewisauser-definedsubset
oftablesandcolumnsinarelationaldatabase.
perspectivecamera(n)~Acamerathatworkslikeanormalcameralensbymaking
objectsinthedistanceappearsmallerthannearbyobjects.
perspectivefieldofview(n)~Aviewthatchangestheamountofthecontentthatis
visiblethroughthecameraandtheamountthatobjectsinthedocumentappeartobe
distortedbythecamera.Smallvalueswillreducetheamountthatanobjectisdistortedby
perspectiveandlargevalueswillcauseobjectstobecomeverydistortedaswithafisheye
lens.
PERTanalysis(n)~Aprocessbywhichyouevaluateaprobableoutcomebasedonthree
scenarios:best-case,expected-case,andworst-case.
PERTchart(n)~Aprojectoptimizationtoolthatenablesschedulingandtrackingof
tasks,goalsetting,andtimelines.
per-usecost(n)~Asetfeefortheuseofaresourcethatcanbeinplaceof,orinaddition
to,avariable.Forworkresources,aper-usecostaccrueseachtimethattheresourceis
used.Formaterialresources,aper-usecostisaccruedonlyonce.
per-usercontrol(n)~AdynamicWebPartscontrolthatcanbepersonalizedand
permanentlydeletedfromapageforanindividualuseronly.Aper-usercontrolappearson
thepageonlywhenthepageisinuserscope.Notethataper-usercontrolcanhave
propertiesthatarebothuser-scopeandshared-scopeforpersonalizationpurposes.
pessimisticconcurrency(n)~Amethodofmanagingconcurrencybyusingalock
techniquetopreventotherclientsfromupdatingthesameobjectatthesametime.
pessimisticduration(n)~Theworst-casepossibilityforthetotalspanofactiveworking
timeexpectedforatask,thatis,theamountoftimefromthepessimisticstartto
pessimisticfinishofatask.
pessimisticlocking(n)~Atypeoflockinginwhichthepagecontainingoneormore
records,includingtherecordbeingedited,isunavailabletootheruserswhenyouusethe
Editmethod,andremainsunavailableuntilyouusetheUpdatemethod.
PET(n)~Anuclearmedicineimagingmethodsimilartocomputedtomographythat
producesanimageoffunctionalprocessesinthebody.
petitecaps(n)~Afonteffectinwhichlowercasetextappearsascapitallettersinafont
sizethatisevensmallerthansmallcaps.
pettycash(n)~Thecashkeptonhandforsmallpurchases.
PFN(n)~Anappidentitythatiscreatedwhenyoureserveanameforanappinthe
WindowsStoreDashboard.
p-frame(n)~InMPEGandWMVcompression,aframethatiscomposedofdatafrom
previousframes.
PG(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheBritishBoardofFilmClassification
(BBFC).
PG(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheOfficeofFilmandLiterature
Classification(OFLC).
PGO(n)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutooptimizeanapplicationbasedonmost-likelyused
scenarios.
phantom(adj)~Pertainingtotheinsertionofanewroworthedeletionofanexistingrow
inarangeofrowsthatwerepreviouslyreadbyanothertask,wherethattaskhasnotyet
committeditstransaction.
phantombillofmaterial(n)~Abillofmaterialusedtodescribethecomponentsofa
parentpartthatwillbebuiltaspartofahigher-levelparentpart.Thetermphantom’is
usedtoindicatethatthepartneverreallyexistsasastockeditem
phantombillofmaterialsitem(n)~Abillofmaterialsitemthatisproducedbutnot
stocked.
phantomBOM(n)~Abillofmaterialusedtodescribethecomponentsofaparentpart
thatwillbebuiltaspartofahigher-levelparentpart.Thetermphantom’isusedto
indicatethatthepartneverreallyexistsasastockeditem
phantomexplosion(n)~Theprocessofcalculatingthedemandforthematerialsrequired
foranon-stockedsubassemblythatisbuiltduringtheproductionprocessoftheparent
component.
phantomitem(n)~Anitemthatisproducedbutnotstocked.
phantomrow(n)~Arowthatmatchesthesearchcriteriabutisnotinitiallyseen.
phase(n)~Adistinctdivisionwithinaprocessmodelorproductlifecycle,typicallya
fundamentaltransitioninthedevelopmentofaproductorservice,culminatinginamajor
orexternalmilestone,orrepresentingafundamentaltransitioninthedevelopmentofa
productorservice.
phase(n)~Agroupofrelatedtasksthatcompletesamajorstepinaproject.
PhaseAlternatingLine(n)~ThedominanttelevisionstandardinEuropeandChina.
PhaseAlternatingLine(PAL)delivers25interlacedframespersecondat625linesof
resolution.
phish(ing)~Ane-mailorwebsitedesignedtoredirectyoutoaboguswebsitewiththe
intentionofgainingbankorcreditcardinformation,ortodownloadmaliciousprogram
ontoacomputerwithouttheusersknowledge.
phish(ing)~Thetechniqueisalsooftenusedtosecurecreditcardnumbers,bankaccount
information,brokerageinformation,andgenerallyanythingthatcouldyieldafinancial
gaininlinewithfraudoperations.
phisher(n)~Amalicioususerwhodeceivespeopleintorevealingpersonalinformation,
suchasaccountpasswordsandcreditcardnumbers.Aphishertypicallyusesdeceptivee-
mailmessagesoronlineadvertisementsasbaittolureunsuspectinguserstofraudulent
websites,wheretheusersarethentrickedintoprovidingpersonalinformation.
phishing(n)~Atechniqueusedtotrickcomputerusersintorevealingpersonalor
financialinformation.Acommononlinephishingscamstartswithane-mailmessagethat
appearstocomefromatrustedsourcebutactuallydirectsrecipientstoprovide
informationtoafraudulentWebsite.
Phishing~Aninternetscaminwhichaforgedmessagefromabankprovidesalinkfor
youtogototheirwebsiteand‘confirmyourdetails’-butthewebsiteisafake,andifyou
doenteryourdetailstheywillbeusedtostealallyourmoney.Notethatalegitimateemail
fromyourbankshouldbeaddressedtoyoupersonallyratherthan‘Dearcustomer’etc,
andwill-never-askyoutoenteryourPIN.
phishingconfidencelevel(n)~Avaluebetween1and8thatisassignedtoamessage
basedonitscontentandthatreflectstheliklihoodthatthemessageisphishing.
PhishingFilter(n)~AfilterthathelpstoidentifyfraudulentWebsitesandprotectagainst
personaldatatheft.
phishingwebsite(n)~AWebsitethatimpersonatesatrustworthyWebsitetoobtain
user’spersonalorfinancialinformation.
Phone(n)~AnitemtheusercanselectintheOptionsdialogbox,Phonestab,fromthe
Selectthedefaultdeviceforcallingphonenumbers’drop-downlist.Whentheuserselects
Phoneasthedefaultdeviceforcallingphonenumbers
Phone(PN)~AnappthatletsyoumakeregularcellularphonecallsORSkypecalls.
phoneaccessibility(n)~Built-inaccessibilityfeaturesthatcanmakeiteasiertosee,hear,
andusethephone.
phonebook(n)~Alistofcontactsuserscancall(i.e.onlyshowscontactsthathavephone
numbersassociatedwiththem).
phonebridge(n)~Atelecommunicationsservicethatisusedtomanageconferencecalls
andaudioformeetings.
phonecall(PN)~Anactivitytotrackatelephonecall.
phonecall(n)~Afunctionthatenablesausertomakeacalltoaphone,asopposedto
callinganothercomputerorusingawebcam.
PhoneCompanion(PN)~APC-onlyappthathelpsuserstoconnecttheirphone(iOS,
Android,orWindows)totheirPC,mainlybyinstallingappsonthephoneand/orsetting
upserviceslikeOneDrive,Office365,andXboxMusic.
PhoneControls(n)~AnItemontheViewmenuthatdisplaysthetoolbarofcontrolsfor
PBXphonecalls.IncludesaCallmenuforthecurrentlyselectedperson,Hold,HangUp,
AnnouncedTransfer,UnnanouncedTransfer,andDialPadbuttons.
phoneintegration(n)~AprocessthatenablestheusertointegratetheirPBXphonewith
LyncorCommunicator,sotheycanplaceandreceivecallsfromtheseproducts.
phonelanguage(n)~Thedefaultlanguageofhubs,tiles,settings,dates,andother
headingsonthephone.
phonelock(n)~Asettingthatpreventsuseofthephoneandthatrequiresapasswordin
ordertobedisabled.
phonelog(n)~Thedetailsofaphonecallwhichmaybelinkedwiththehistoryofan
account,businesscontact,oropportunity.
phonemode(n)~Aselectorthatdetermineswhichcellularnetworktypeaphonewilluse.
PhoneSettings-€¦(n)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthatopensthePhonestab
oftheOptionsdialogbox.
Phones(PN)~Asectionofaccount.microsoft.comwherepeoplecanmanagetheir
Microsoftphonesanddevices,includingfindingalostphone.
photo(PN)~Anappcategoryforphoto-relatedapps.
Photo(PN)~Anappcategoryforphoto-relatedapps.
Photo&video(PN)~Anappcategorytohelpyouworkwithyourphotosorhome
videos.
Photo&videoproduction(PN)~TheMultimediadesignsubcategorycontainingappsto
helpwithcreatingphotography,orvideos.
photoalbum(n)~Acollectionofphotosinelectronicformatthathavebeengroupedinto
avirtualalbum.
photobrush(n)~Alinestylecreatedfromaphotographicimage,suchasachain,a
snake,etc.
PhotoCD(n)~AgraphicsfileformatdevelopedbyEastmanKodakCompany.
photoediting(PN)~TheprocessofadjustingadigitalphotowhenpreparingrichOffice
documents.EffectsappliedtoaphotocanbeadjustedorremovedinfutureOffice
sessions.
photoe-mail(n)~Ane-mailmessagethathasimageattachements,inlineimages,inline
video,oraninlinealbum.
PhotoExtras(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstointegrateaphotoalteringapplicationwiththe
WindowsPhonebuilt-inphotoapplication.
PhotoFuse(PN)~APhotoGalleryfeaturethatreplacesasectionofonephotowitha
similarsectionofanother,providingthereareareasofoverlapinboth.Forexample,if
someonehastwophotosofagroupofpeople,andinPhoto1everyoneissmilingbutone
personhastheireyesclosed,theycanincludethesectionofPhoto2wherethatpersonhas
theireyesopen.
PhotoGallery(PN)~Aphotoorganizerusedtoview,manage,andeditdigitalpictures.
PhotoGallery(PN)~Adesktopappthatenablesuserstoview,manage,edit,andshare
photosandvideos.
photoloop(n)~AseriesofpicturesthatarecontinuouslystoredintheCameraappsothe
usercangoback’or‘forward’intimefromthemomenttheyactuallypressedthebuttonto
captureaphoto.’
photomix(n)~TheautomaticdisplayofphotosinWindowsPhotosinagrid-likepattern
basedonmetadatafromthephotosthatareconnectedtotheuser’saccount.
PhotoMontage(n)~FeatureoftheExpressionGraphicDesigner,Windowsillustration
tool,thatallowsusertocreateasingleimagecomposedofmultiplephotosstitched
together.
photosharing(n)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstopreviewphotosandsendthemto
contacts.
photostamp(n)~Alinestylecreatedfromstampinganimage,suchasadaisyorashoe,
alongapaththatyoudraw.
PhotoViewer(PN)~AmodeofWindowsPhotoViewerwhichconsistsofatoplevel
windowdisplayingonephotographatatime,withnavigationcontrols.
Photobucket~Photobucketisanimagehosting,videohosting,slideshowcreationand
photosharingwebsite.-http://photobucket.com/
photomosaic(n)~Acollectionofimagesorphotoscombinedinsuchawaythatthe
compositeofdetails,whenviewedfromadistance,createanidentifiableshapeorpicture.
Photos(PN)~Thelinktothewebpagewhereausermanagesphotosandalbums.
Photos(PN)~ASurfaceapplicationfromMicrosoftwhereuserscanbrowseandinteract
withphotosandvideos.
Photos(PN)~Anappthatenablestheuserstoview,organize,editandsharealloftheir
photosfrommultiplesources.
Photos&camera(PN)~AfeatureinSettingsthatprovidesoptionssuchaslaunchingthe
camera,addinglocationinfo,anduploadingpictures.
PhotosPreview(PN)~Anappthatenablestheuserstoview,organize,editandshareall
oftheirphotosfrommultiplesources.
PHP(n)~AnopensourcescriptinglanguagethatcanbeembeddedinHTMLdocuments
toexecuteinteractivefunctionsonaWebserver.ItisgenerallyusedforWeb
development.
phraselist(n)~AlistofpossiblevaluesforaparticularInputScopetoenhance
voice/handwrittenrecognition.Forexample,ifyou’resurethetextboxonlyhasmonths
representednumerically,youcaninclude6’or‘12’inthephraselist
physicaladdressexpansion(n)~Afeaturethatallowsx86-basedcomputerstosupport
morethan4gigabytes(GB)ofphysicalmemory.Upto64GBofphysicalmemorycanbe
usedasregular4-kilobyte(KB)pages,andthenumberofbitsthatcanbeusedbythe
kerneltoaddressphysicalmemorycanbeexpandedfrom32to36.
physicaladdressextension(n)~Afeaturethatallowsx86-basedcomputerstosupport
morethan4gigabytes(GB)ofphysicalmemory.Upto64GBofphysicalmemorycanbe
usedasregular4-kilobyte(KB)pages,andthenumberofbitsthatcanbeusedbythe
kerneltoaddressphysicalmemorycanbeexpandedfrom32to36.
physicalcomputer(n)~Ahardware-basedcomputer,asopposedtoasoftware-based
virtualmachine.
physicaldate(n)~Thedateatransactionphysicallyoccurred,suchasthedatethatan
itemwasreceived.
physicaldesign(n)~Thethirdmajorstageinthedesignprocess,inwhichtheproject
teamdetermineshowtospecificallyimplementthelogicaldesign.Physicaldesign
addressesthetechnologythatwillbeusedbytheenduser.Thegoalistoapplyreal-world
technologyconstraintstothelogicaldesign,suchasimplementationandperformance
considerations.Physicaldesigncorrespondstoacontractor’sblueprintsforthephysical
elementsofastructure-wiring,plumbing,heating,andventilation.Thecontractor’splans
adddetailtothearchitect’splansandreflectreal-worldconstructionconstraints.
physicaldiskresource(n)~Adiskonaclusterstoragedevice.Physicaldisksare
supportedasclusterresourcesbyaResourceDLL.
physicalenvironment(n)~Anenvironmentcomposedofphysicalmachines.
physicalinventory(n)~Theactualcountofinventoryonhand.
physicallayer(n)~LayeroneoftheOSImodel.Asoftwarelayerthattransmitsbitsfrom
onecomputertoanotherandregulatesthetransmissionofastreamofbitsoveraphysical
medium.Thislayerdefineshowthecableisattachedtothenetworkandwhich
transmissiontechniqueisusedtosenddataoverthecable.
physicalmachine(n)~Ahardware-basedcomputer,asopposedtoasoftware-based
virtualmachine.
physicalmemory(n)~TheamountofRAMmemoryinasystem,asdistinguishedfrom
virtualmemory.
physicalnetworkadapter(n)~Thecomponentofacomputer’sinternalhardwarethat
enablesthecomputertoconnectwithanothercomputer,serveroranynetworkingdevice
overawiredorwirelessLANconnection.
physicalpath(n)~Thephysicallocationofadirectoryorfile.Maybeeitherapathonthe
localcomputerorauniversalnamingconvention(UNC)pathonaremotecomputer.
physicalpercentcomplete(n)~AnalternativevaluetoPercent[%]CompleteorPercent
[%]WorkCompletethatyouenterpertask.Thismaybeusefulwhenanalyzingproject
performancethroughsuchmeansasvarianceanalysisorearnedvalueanalysis.
physicalpresenceinterface(n)~Aninterfacetorundeviceoperationsthatrequire
physicalpresence.
physicalresource(n)~Afile(forexample,.vhdfilesorscript)thatcanbeimportedinto
orexportedfromtheVirtualMachineManagerlibrary.
physicalstore(n)~ThephysicaldatabasesthatcomprisetheDataWarehouse.
physical-to-virtualmachineconversion(n)~Theprocessbywhichafunctioning
physicalcomputerisconverted’toanidentical
PIC(n)~Adevicethatfunctionsasanoverallmanagerinaninterruptdrivensystem.
PIC(n)~AMicrosoftlicenseofferedonaper-user,per-monthsubscriptionpricewhich
providesorganizationswiththecapabilitytoconnecttheirexistingbaseofLive
CommunicationsServer-enableduserstothetoppublicIMserviceproviders(MSN,AOL,
andYahoo!).
PICprovisioning(n)~Theexchange,throughMicrosoft,ofconnectivityinformation
withoneormorepublicIMserviceproviders.
PICS9(4)COMPInteger(n)~A16-bitCOBOLdatatypethatrepresentssigned
arithmeticoperationsoccupying2bytesofstorage,andcantakeonvaluesfrom-9999to
+9999or-32768to+32767.APICS9(4)COMPintegerisnormallyanalogoustoan
IntegerdatatypeinMicrosoft-©VisualBasic-©andaShortIntegerinCwhenreferring
to32-bit.
PICS9(9)COMPInteger(n)~A32-bitCOBOLdatatypethatrepresentsa4bytesigned
arithmeticoperation,andcantakeonvaluesfrom-999999999to+999999999or
-2147483648to+2147483647,dependingoncompileroptions.APICS9(9)COMP
IntegerissimilartoaLongIntegerinC.
pica(n)~Atypographicalunitofmeasurethatisequaltoonesixthofaninch.
pick(v)~Towithdrawitemsfrominventoryforproductionordistribution.
pickinglist(n)~Alistoftheitems,alongwiththeirquantitiesandlocations,thatare
requiredtofillamanufacturingorderorshippingorder.
pickingroute(n)~Theprescribedsequenceforwithdrawingtherequiredcomponents
frominventoryformanufacturingaproduct.
picklist(n)~Alistthatcanbeopenedtorevealallchoicesforagivenfield.
Picksforyou(PN)~Thecategoryofitemsthatispersonalizedforthecurrentuser.
Pickupdirectory(n)~AdirectorythatreceivesRFC-822compliantfilesfromthefile
systemforthepurposeofcreatingmessageobjectsthatcanbepassedtotheSubmission
queue.
Pickupfolder(n)~Thedirectoryfromwhichmessagesarepickedup.
Picoprobe(n)~Aprobewithanextremelysmalltipthatallowsforthedetectionof
signalsonsmallintegratedcircuitsortraces.
picture(n)~Apictorialgraphicsuchasadigitalphotographorillustration.
picture(n)~Agraphicalrepresentationthat’sassociatedwithauseraccountforWindows
andWindowsLive.
PictureAccentList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupedorrelated
information.Thesmallshapesontheuppercornersaredesignedtocontainpictures.
EmphasizesLevel2textoverLevel1text,andisagoodchoiceforlargeamountsof
Level2text.
PictureAccentProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowsequentialsteps
inatask,process,orworkflow.Therectangularshapesinthebackgroundaredesignedto
containpictures.
picturebutton(n)~Acontrolinaformthatconsistsofanactionableimage.Atruntime
theusercanclicktheimagetorunrulesoractionssimilartoabutton.
PictureCaptionList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshownon-sequentialor
groupedblocksofinformation.Thetopshapesaredesignedtocontainpicturesand
picturesareemphasizedovertext.Workswellforpictureswithshorttextcaptions.
PICTUREclause(n)~ACOBOLclausethatspecifiesthegeneralcharacteristicsand
editingrequirementsofanelementaryitem.ThePICTUREcharacterstringismadeupof
COBOLcharactersusedassymbolsandcancontainamaximumof30characters.
picturecontent(n)~Animagethatisboundedbyapictureframe.
pictureelement(n)~Thesmallestelementusedtoformthecompositionofanimageona
computermonitor.Computermonitorsdisplayimagesbydrawingthousandsofverysmall
pixelsarrangedincolumnsandrows.
pictureframe(n)~Acontainerthatsurroundsthepicturecontent.
picturepassword(n)~Apicture-basedsign-inmethodthatauthenticatesauserby
checkinggesturesmadeonapictureoftheuser’sownchoosing.
pictureplaceholder(n)~Arectanglethatrepresentsanimportedgraphicinyour
document.Youcanincreasescrollingspeedbytemporarilyreplacinggraphicswithpicture
placeholders.
PicturePresentation(PN)~Afeaturethatconvertseachslideinapresentationintoa
singleimageandrebuildsanew,compressedPPTpresentationthatcaneasilybeshared,
butnotedited.
PictureStyles(PN)~Agalleryofeffectsthatuserscanapplytoimagestocreatea
customized,artisticlook.
PictureVirtualFolder(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertogroupimagefilesbyany
criteriaanddisplaytheminoneplace.
picturewrapping(n)~Afeaturethatconsistsofpicturewrapfunctionality,allowingthe
usertoselectfromvariousstylestospecifyhowpicturesflowaroundotherobjectsina
document.
picture-in-picture(n)~Asmall,inset,secondaryvideowindowdisplayedinsidethemain
videowindow.
Pictures(PN)~Afolderthatstorestheuser’sgraphics,e.g.digitalpictures.Manygraphic
designandphoto-editingprogramsusethislocationbydefaulttoopenorsavegraphic
files.
PIDL(n)~Apointertoanitemidentifierlist.IntheShellAPI,namespaceobjectsare
usuallyidentifiedbyaPIDL.
piechart(n)~Aroundchartthatshowsthesizeofitemsinasingledataseries,
proportionaltothesumoftheitems.
pieofpiechart(n)~Apiechartwithuser-definedvaluesextractedandcombinedintoa
secondpie.
piececode(n)~Acodethatindicateshowmanyunitsofpieceworkanemployee
produces.
piecemealrestore(n)~Acompositerestoreinwhichadatabaseisrestoredinstages,with
eachstagecorrespondingtoarestoresequence.Theinitialsequencerestoresthefilesin
theprimaryfilegroup,and,optionally,otherfiles,toanypointintimesupportedbythe
recoverymodelandbringsthedatabaseonline.Subsequentrestoresequencesbring
remainingfilestothepointconsistentwiththedatabaseandbringthemonline.
piecework(n)~Workthatispaidperunitmadeorcompleted.
PIF(n)~AfilethatprovidesinformationtoWindowsabouthowbesttorunMS-DOS-
basedprograms.WhenyoustartanMS-DOS-basedprogram,Windowslooksfora
programinformationfiletousewithit.programinformationfilescontainsuchitemsasthe
nameofthefile,astart-updirectory,andmultitaskingoptions.
PIFF(PN)~Astandardmultimediafileformatfordeliveryandplaybackofmultimedia
content.
piid(n)~Theidentifyinginformationforapaymentinstrument.
piler(n)~Auserwhodoesn’tfilemailboxitemsregularly.
pileruser(n)~Auserwhodoesn’tfilemailboxitemsregularly.
pillarbox(n)~Avideoeffectthatoccurswhenverticalblackbarsdisplayonbothsidesof
animageonwidescreendisplays.Thisusuallyoccurswhenvideocontentnotintendedfor
widescreendisplayisplayedbackonwidescreentelevisions.
pilot(n)~Theintroductionofthesolutionintotheproductionenvironment,andtrialby
installers,systemssupportstaff,andendusers.Pilotsareaimedatminimizingtheimpact
ofthedeploymentandprovidingvaluablefeedbackontheproject’ssuitabilityfor
completion.
pilotgroup(n)~Arepresentativesampleofproductionmachinesthatareusedtotestan
InternetExplorerpackagebeforeafulldeploymenttotheentireorganization.Unlikeatest
lab,apilotgroupusesproductionmachinesandusers.
pilotidentifier(n)~Thestringthatisreceivedwithanewcallthatisusedtoassociatethe
callwithadialplan.
pilotnumber(n)~Atelephonenumberthatpointstoahuntgroupandistheaccess
numberforcallsthatareroutedtoUnifiedMessagingservers.
PIM(n)~Atechnology,whichisdesignedtomanageprivilegedidentitiesandtheiraccess
rights.
PIN(n)~Auniqueandsecretidentificationcodesimilartoapasswordthatisassignedto
anauthorizeduserandusedtogainaccesstopersonalinformationorassetsviaan
electronicdevice.
pin(v)~Toanchorthesideofanimagewhenresizingit.
pin(v)~Tofixanitem,suchasatile,library,movie,game,orapp,inagivenareaofthe
UI,soitisalwaysaccessibleinthatarea(e.g.,tomakealibraryalwaysvisibleinthe
navigationpane).
PINcode(n)~Auniqueandsecretidentificationcodesimilartoapasswordthatis
assignedtoanauthorizeduserandusedtogainaccesstopersonalinformationorassets
viaanelectronicdevice.
PINsign-in(n)~ThecapabilitytosignintoaPCbyusingafour-digitcode.
Pinthislist(v)~TofixalistinagivenareaoftheUI,soitisalwaysaccessibleinthat
area.
PintoHome(PN)~TheUIlabelforthebuttonontheappbarthataffixesatiletoyour
Homescreen.
pintostart(PN)~Toaddashortcuttoanapplicationorpartofanapplicationorcontact
byfixingitstiletotheStartscreen.
PintoStart(PN)~TheUIlabelforthebuttonontheappbarthataffixesatiletotheStart
screen.
pintoStartboard(v)~ToanchoraniteminagivenportionoftheAzurepreviewportal
homepagesothatitisalwaysaccessible.
PINunlockkey(n)~An8-digitcodeusedtounlocktheSIMcard.APersonalUnlocking
Keyisatypeofpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN).
pinch(n)~Azoomoutgesturerepresentedbytwofingerswithatleastoneofthem
movingtowardstheotherfingeratanyangle,withinanacceptabletolerance.
pinch(v)~Tomovetwo(ormore)fingerstowardeachother.
pinchgesture(n)~Azoomoutgesturerepresentedbytwofingerswithatleastoneof
themmovingtowardstheotherfingeratanyangle,withinanacceptabletolerance.
ping(v)~TotestwhetheracomputerisconnectedtotheInternetusingthepingutility.
ping(n)~AprotocolfortestingwhetheraparticularcomputerisconnectedtotheInternet
bysendingapackettoitsIPaddressandwaitingforaresponse.
Pingdevice(v)~Theactionoftestingaparticulardeviceonthenetworkfor
troubleshootingpurposesusingthepingutility.
pingtimeout(n)~Theamountoftimeafterwhichapingattemptfails.
PinkHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofarangeofpinkcolors.
pinnedsite(n)~Awebsitethat’spinnedtothetaskbarontheWindowsdesktop,which
providesone-clickaccesstothewebsite.
PInvoke(n)~Thefunctionalityprovidedbythecommonlanguageruntimetoenable
managedcodetocallunmanagednativeDLLentrypoints.
pipcount(n)~InInternetBackgammon,theminimumtotalofdicerollsthatisneededto
moveaplayer’scheckersaroundandofftheboard.
pipe(n)~The|character.
pipe(v)~InWindowsPowerShell,tosendtheresultsoftheprecedingcommandasinput
tothenextcommandinthepipeline.
pipebind(n)~AspecialobjectthatisuniquetoWindowsPowerShellforSharePointand
providesasecondlayerofspecializedparametersetsthatareoptimizedforSharePoint
Foundation.
pipebindobject(n)~AspecialobjectthatisuniquetoWindowsPowerShellfor
SharePointandprovidesasecondlayerofspecializedparametersetsthatareoptimized
forSharePointFoundation.
pipeline(n)~Asoftwareinfrastructurethatdefinesandlinkstogetheroneormorestages
ofabusinessprocess,runningtheminsequencetocompleteaspecifictask.Eachstageof
apipelinecontainsoneormorepipelinecomponents(COMobjects)thatcanbe
configuredtoworkwiththeuniquerequirementsofthesite.
pipeline(n)~Apotentialsalestransactioninprocess.
pipeline(n)~Asetofcommandsthatchaintheoutputofonecommandintotheinputof
thenextcommand.
pipeline(n)~Aseriesofcommandsconnectedbypipelineoperators(|)(ASCII124).Each
pipelineoperatorsendstheresultsoftheprecedingcommandasinputtothenext
command.
pipelinecomponent(n)~TheComponentObjectModel(COM)serverobjectthat
implementstherequiredpipelinecomponentinterfaces.
pipelineconfigurationfile(n)~Afilecontainingtheconfigurationdataforapipeline.
Thepipelinespecifiedinthefileiscreatedandrunbyapipelineobject.
pipelineconfigurationtemplate(n)~Thetemplatefileusedtocreatenewpipelines.The
pipelinescreatedusingapipelineconfigurationtemplatearesavedaspipeline
configuration(.pct)files.Thetemplatesserveasthebasisforcreatingcustompipelines.
Stagesandcomponentscanbeadded,deleted,orrenamedinanytemplate.
PipelineDesigner(n)~Agraphicaluser-interfacetoolusedtocreateandconfigure
pipelinesinBizTalkServer.
pipelinemode(n)~Anapplicationpoolsettingthatdetermineshowtoprocessrequests
thatinvolvemanagedresources.Theoptionsareintegratedmodeorclassicmode.
pipelineobject(n)~Anobjectthatloadsapipelineconfigurationfileandrunsthe
pipelinecomponentsconfiguredwithinit.
pipelining(n)~Theuseofpipesinpassingtheoutputofonetaskasinputtoanotheruntil
adesiredsequenceoftaskshasbeencarriedout.
piracy(n)~Anyunauthorizedcopying,distribution,anduseofcomputersoftware,or
softwaretheft.
pitch(n)~Ameasurementofthenumberofcharactersthatfitinahorizontalinch.Pitchis
generallyusedtomeasuremonospacedfonts.
pitch(n)~Arotationin3Dspacearoundthex-axis.
pivot(v)~Torotateatable-valuedexpressionbyturningtheuniquevaluesfromone
columnintheexpressionintomultiplecolumnsintheoutput,andperformaggregations
wheretheyarerequiredonanyremainingcolumnvaluesthatarewantedinthefinal
output.
pivot(n)~Acontrolthatprovidesaquickwaytomanagethenavigationofviewswithin
anapplication.
pivotarea(n)~TheworksheetareaintowhichyoudragPivotTableorPivotChartfieldsto
changethelayoutofthereport.Onanewreport,dashedblueoutlinesindicatethepivot
areaontheworksheet.
pivotcurrency(n)~Thecurrencyagainstwhichexchangeratesareenteredintherate
measuregroup.
PivotChart(PN)~AninteractivetechnologyinMicrosoftExcelorAccessthatcanshow
dynamicgraphicalviewsofdatafromalistoradatabase.
PivotChartreport(n)~Achartthatprovidesinteractiveanalysisofdata,likea
PivotTablereport.Youcanchangeviewsofdata,seedifferentlevelsofdetail,or
reorganizethechartlayoutbydraggingfieldsandbyshowingorhidingitemsinfields.
PivotChartview(n)~Aviewthatshowsagraphicalanalysisofdatainadatasheetor
form.Youcanseedifferentlevelsofdetailorspecifythelayoutbydraggingfieldsand
itemsorbyshowingandhidingitemsinthedrop-downlistsforthefields.
PivotDiagram(PN)~Acollectionofshapesarrangedinatreestructurethathelpsanalyze
andsummarizedatainavisual,easy-to-understandformat.Itstartsoutasasingleshape,
calledatopnode,thatcontainsinformationimportedfromaworksheet,table,view,or
cube.
PivotTable(PN)~AninteractivetechnologyinMicrosoftExcelorAccessthatcanshow
dynamicviewsofthesamedatafromalistoradatabase.
PivotTabledata(n)~InaPivotTablereport,thesummarizeddatacalculatedfromthedata
fieldsofasourcelistortable.
PivotTableform(n)~Aninteractivetablethatsummarizeslargeamountsofdatabyusing
formatandcalculationmethodsthatyouchoose.Youcanrotateitsrowandcolumn
headingstoviewthedataindifferentways,similartoanExcelPivotTablereport.
PivotTablegrandtotals(n)~Totalvaluesforallcellsinaroworallcellsinacolumnof
aPivotTablereport.Valuesinagrandtotalroworcolumnarecalculatedbyusingthe
samesummaryfunctionusedinthedataareaofthePivotTablereport.
PivotTablelist(n)~AMicrosoftOfficeWebComponentthatallowsyoutocreatea
structuresimilartoanExcelPivotTablereport.UserscanviewthePivotTablelistina
WebbrowserandchangeitslayoutinamannersimilartoanExcelPivotTablereport.
PivotTablereport(n)~Aninteractive,crosstabulatedExcelreportthatsummarizesand
analyzesdata,suchasdatabaserecords,fromvarioussourcesincludingonesexternalto
Excel.
PivotTablesubtotal(n)~Aroworcolumnthatusesasummaryfunctiontodisplaythe
totalofdetailitemsinaPivotTablefield.
PivotTableview(n)~Aviewthatsummarizesandanalyzesdatainadatasheetorform.
Youcanusedifferentlevelsofdetailororganizedatabydraggingthefieldsanditems,or
byshowingandhidingitemsinthedrop-downlistsforthefields.
pixel(n)~Thesmallestelementusedtoformthecompositionofanimageonacomputer
monitor.Computermonitorsdisplayimagesbydrawingthousandsofverysmallpixels
arrangedincolumnsandrows.
Pixel~(PICtureELement)-Allcomputerscreenorprintedimagesaremadeupofpixels,
smallsquaredots-thesmallerthepixels,thehighertheimagequality.
pixelaspectratio(n)~Theratioofapixel’swidthtoitsheight.Computermonitorpixels
aresquare,andthereforehaveapixelaspectratioof1:1.
pixelformat(n)~Thesizeandarrangementofpixelcolorcomponents.Theformatis
specifiedbythetotalnumberofbitsusedperpixelandthenumberofbitsusedtostorethe
red,green,blue,andalphacomponentsofthecolorofthepixel.
pixelshader(n)~Agraphicsfunctionwhichcalculatescomputerimageeffectspixelby
pixelallowingcontrolofthelighting,shadingandcolorofeachindividualpixel.
Pixelate(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
pixelated~Apicturethathasbeencompressedsomuchthatthepixelsthatmakeitupare
largeandvisibletothenakedeye,makingtheimagelooklikeitismadeoutofsquare
blocks(whichitis,buttheyshouldn’tbevisible).
pixelsperinch(n)~Ameasurementoftheclarityorfinenessofdetailofanimage
displayedonacomputermonitor.
pizzabox(n)~AchassistypethatcanbereportedbytheWin32_SystemEnclosureclass
inWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)andthatreferstothechassistypethat
consumes1Uofrackspaceonastandardized42Urack.
PJL(n)~TheprintercommandlanguagedevelopedbyHewlettPackardthatprovides
printercontrolattheprint-joblevel.UsingPJLcommands,youcanchangedefaultprinter
settingssuchasnumberofcopiestoprint.PJLcommandsalsopermitswitchingprinter
languagesbetweenprintjobswithoutactionbytheuser.Ifbi-directionalcommunication
issupported,aPJL-compatibleprintercansendinformationsuchasprintermodelandjob
statustotheprintserver.
PKCS(n)~AfamilyofstandardsforpublickeycryptographythatincludesRSA
encryption,Diffie-Hellmankeyagreement,password-basedencryption,extended-syntax,
cryptographicmessagesyntax,privatekeyinformationsyntax,andcertificaterequest
syntax,aswellasselectedattributes.Developed,owned,andmaintainedbyRSAData
Security,Inc.
PKCS#10(n)~TheCertificationRequestSyntaxStandard,developedandmaintainedby
RSADataSecurity,Inc.Asyntaxforcertificaterequests.
PKCS#12(n)~PersonalInformationExchangeSyntaxStandard,developedand
maintainedbyRSADataSecurity,Inc.Thisstandardprimarilyprovidesaformatfor
storingkeysoracertificateinafile.
PKCS#7(n)~TheCryptographicMessageSyntaxStandard.Itisageneralsyntax,
developedandmaintainedbyRSADataSecurity,Inc.,fordatatowhichcryptography
maybeapplied,suchasdigitalsignaturesandencryption.Italsoprovidesasyntaxfor
disseminatingcertificatesorcertificaterevocationlists.
PKI(n)~Thelaws,policies,standards,andsoftwarethatregulateormanipulate
certificatesandpublicandprivatekeys.Inpractice,itisasystemofdigitalcertificates,
certificationauthorities,andotherregistrationauthoritiesthatverifyandauthenticatethe
validityofeachpartyinvolvedinanelectronictransaction.StandardsforPKIarestill
evolving,eventhoughtheyarebeingwidelyimplementedasanecessaryelementof
electroniccommerce.
PKIcertificate(n)~Asystemofdigitalcertificates,certificationauthorities,andother
registrationauthoritiesthatverifyandauthenticatethevalidityofeachpartyinvolvedin
anelectronictransaction.
PKIhierarchy(n)~Ahierarchyinwhichtherolesofthecertificationauthorityare
separatedintoonerootCAandoneormoresubordinateCAs.
PL/SQL(n)~Oracle’sdatamanipulationlanguagethatallowssequencedorgrouped
executionofSQLstatementsandiscommonlyusedtomanipulatedatainanOracle
database.ThesyntaxissimilartotheAdaprogramminglanguage.
PLA(PN)~ADistributedComponentObjectModel(DCOM)APIthatenables
applicationprogrammerstologsystemperformanceanddiagnosisdata,andtogenerate
alertnotificationsbasedonperformancecounterthresholds.
place(n)~AwindowthatispartofthenavigationlayerintheDynamicsNAVapplication.
placeinservicedate(n)~Thedatethatanassetisreadyandavailableforservice.
placeableshape(n)~A2-Dshapethatissettoworkwithroutableconnectorsand
automaticlayout.Ifashapeissetasplaceable,aroutableconnectorcandetectandavoid
crossingthroughit.
placeholder(n)~Asymbolicvalueusedinplaceofarealvaluethatisunknownor
unavailableatthecurrenttime,orthatisnotdisplayedforsecurityreasons.
placeholder(n)~Aboxwithdottedbordersinaslidelayoutthatholdstitleandbodytext
orobjectssuchascharts,tables,andpictures.
placeholdertext(n)~Textorsomeotherelementusedinanapplicationasanindicator
thattheusershouldenterinhisorherowntext.
placement(n)~Theprocessofselectingthemostsuitablehosttodeployavirtual
machineon.
placementandloadbalancer(n)~AWindowsFabriccomponentthatensuresthat
servicesrunningintheclusterareefficientlymappedtoclusternodesinordertodistribute
loadacrossthecluster.
Places(n)~AfeatureoftheWindows8BingWeatherappthatletsuserschoose
geographiclocationsinwhichtotrackweatherandpersonalizetheappwiththesechoices
places(n)~Anydiskdrive,folder,orotherplaceinwhichyoucanstorefilesandfolders.
Programswillcommonlyaskyoutochoosealocationtosaveafile.
places(PN)~AfeatureinCortana’sNotebookthatenablestheusertoaddoreditthe
user’sfavoriteplaces.
plainoldCLRobject(n)~Anobjectthatdoesnotinheritfromanotherclassor
implementaninterface.
plainoldtelephoneservice(n)~Basicdialtelephoneconnectiontothepublicswitched
network,withoutanyaddedfeaturesorfunctions.Untilthe1970s,POTSwastheonly
telephoneserviceofferedbylocaltelecommunicationsproviders.
plaintext(n)~Astringoftextthatisdisplayedwithonevalueforeachtextattribute:
typeface,slant,andweight.
plaintext(n)~Datainitsunencryptedordecryptedform.
plaintextauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationmechanismthatissupportedbymost
browsers,includingInternetExplorer,andencodes(butdoesnotencrypt)usernameand
passworddatabeforetransmittingitoverthenetwork.
plan(n)~Ascheduleoftaskstartandfinishdatesandresourceandcostdata.
plan(n)~Ananticipatedprogressionofinterrelatedactivitiesthatdonothaveassigned
startandendtimesorassignedresources.
PlanAgateway(n)~ASIP-PSTNgatewaythatmeetstheUnifiedCommunications
specifications.
plancache(n)~ThepartoftheSQLServermemorypoolthatisusedtostoreexecution
plansforTransact-SQLbatches,storedprocedures,andtriggers.
planguide(n)~ASQLServermodulethatattachesqueryhintstoqueriesindeployed
applications,withoutdirectlymodifyingthequery.
planar(adj)~Incomputergraphics,lyingwithinaplane.
planarcoordinatesystem(n)~Asystemofcoordinatesinreferencetoaplanarspace.
planarprojection(n)~Theresultofprojectinganimageontoaflatsurface.
plannedcost(n)~Thelatestcostoftasks,resources,assignments,andtheentireproject,
whichProjectdisplaysintheCostfieldascostortotalcost.
plannedintercompanydemand(n)~Predicteddemandforaproductbyalegalentity
thatassumestheroleofavendor.Theplanneddemandisgeneratedfromplanneddemand
fortheproductfromadownstreamlegalentity.
plannedmanualfailover(n)~Foranavailabilitygroup,afailoverwithoutdatalossthat
isinitiatedbyadatabaseadministrator,typically,foradministrativepurposes.
plannedorder(n)~Anordergeneratedtofulfillanitemrequirement.
plannedproductionorder(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsproduction
requirementsgeneratedfromaproductionplan.
plannedpurchaseorder(n)~Anorderproposalgeneratedbyamasterscheduling
calculationtofulfillarequirementforapurchaseditem.
plannedtransferorder(n)~Anorderproposalgeneratedbyamasterscheduling
calculationtofulfillarequirementforatransferreditem.
plannedwork(n)~Workthatisanticipatedtomeetplannedorders.
planner(n)~Agroupofinterestsrelatedtoaparticularsubjectorevent.
PlanningAdministrationConsole(PN)~Athinclientthatallowsmembersoftheglobal
administratorroletomakeconfigurationstoanycomputerthatisrunning
PerformancePointPlanningServer.Configurationsincludecreatingandediting
applications,creatingandeditingmodelsites,addinguserstoPerformancePointPlanning
Serverapplications,andaddinguserstoorremovingusersfromtheglobaladministrator
role,theModelerrole,ortheuseradministratorrole.
PlanningBusinessModeler(n)~AcomponentofPerformancePointPlanningServerthat
istheprimaryinterfacefordesigningandmanagingbusinessapplicationsthatperform
complexplanning,budgeting,forecasting,andconsolidation.
PlanningCommandUtility(PN)~Atoolthatassistsintheadministrationandlimited
modificationofthePlanningServer.Thetoolconsistsof12commandsthatallowfor
scriptableactionswithPlanningServer.
PlanningProcessService(PN)~TheWebservicethatsupportstherunningofall
scheduledandad-hocworkflowprocessesandtasksforPlanningServerapplications.
PlanningServer(PN)~ThePlanningservercomponentofPerformancePointServer.Itis
aninfrastructurethatincludeseverythingbetweenthePerformancePointServerclienttier
andtheSQLServer2005databasesandSQLServerAnalysisServicescubes.
PlanningSystemDatabase(PN)~ThedatabasethattracksallPlanningServer
configurations,security,andapplications.
PlanningWebService(PN)~TheWebservicethatisusedbyPlanningBusinessModeler
andPerformancePointAdd-inforExceltointeractwithPlanningServer.TheWebservice
supportsuserauthentication,authorization,andthestorageandretrievalofinformation
thatresidesinPlanningServer.
planning,budgeting,andforecasting(n)~Theinterrelatedprocessesofplanning
businessactivities,developingbudgetsbasedontheplans,andforecastingfuture
expendituresandrevenuesbasedonbudgetedandactualdata.
Plasma~Atypeofverylargescreen,eitherTVorcomputermonitor.
platform(n)~Thefoundationtechnologyofacomputersystem,normallythetypeof
computerand/oroperatingsystembeingused.
platform(n)~Asetofsubsystemsandinterfacesthatformacommonstructurefrom
whichastreamofderivativeproductscanbeefficientlydevelopedandproduced.Agiven
productmayhaveplatformdeliverables(buildingblocks)fromseveralareasthatdefineits
implementation.
platformasaservice(n)~Thecapabilityprovidedtotheconsumerofdeployingontothe
cloudinfrastructureconsumer-createdoracquiredapplicationscreatedusingprogramming
languages,libraries,services,andtoolssupportedbytheprovider.Theconsumerdoesnot
manageorcontroltheunderlyingcloudinfrastructure,includingnetwork,servers,
operatingsystems,orstorage,buthascontroloverthedeployedapplicationsandpossibly
oftheconfigurationsettingsfortheapplication-hostingenvironment.
platformconfigurationregister(n)~AregisterinsideaTrustedPlatformModule(TPM).
Thisregisterissufficientlylargetocontainahash(currentlyonlySHA-1).
platformdevelopmentkit(n)~Adevelopmentkitthatincludesallthetools,technology,
anddocumentationthatarerequiredineachspecificareaoftheSurfaceproduct,suchas
applications(includingtheSDK),Shell,hardware,andtheVisionSystem.
platforminvoke(n)~Thefunctionalityprovidedbythecommonlanguageruntimeto
enablemanagedcodetocallunmanagednativeDLLentrypoints.
platformlayer(n)~Thelayerthatincludesthephysicalserversandservicesthatsupport
theserviceslayer.TheplatformlayerconsistsofmanyinstancesofSQLServer,eachof
whichismanagedbytheSQLAzurefabric.
PlatformNotificationSystem(PN)~Aplatform-specificinfrastructureforpush
notificationdeliverywithbarebonesfunctions.
platformpreview(n)~Arenderingenvironmentdesignedfordeveloperstotestand
previewneworupdatedfunctionality.
platformprovisioning(n)~Theprocessofsynchronizingasecondaryserverwiththe
Webplatformcomponentsandapplicationsthatareinstalledontheprimaryserverby
usingthePlatformProvisioningfeature.Thecomponentsthatcanbeprovisionedareany
oftheWebserverroleservicesandanyofthecomponentsthatwereinstalledonthe
primaryserverbyusingMicrosoftWebPlatformInstaller.
PlatformServerRole(n)~Arolethatconsistsoftheservicesthatareusedtoprocess
data.TorunMicrosoftDynamicsCRM,youmusthaveatleastonecomputerthatis
runningthePlatformServerrole.
platformer(PN)~Agamecategorythatemphasizesjumpingtoreachplatforms,avoid
obstacles,orattackenemies.
Platform-independent~Ifsomethingisplatform-independent,youdon’tneeda
particulartypeofcomputerorparticularsoftwaretouseit.Forexampleistheinternet,
whichyoucanaccessfromaPC,Mac,tabletoranysmartphone.
platform-independent~Atermdescribingsoftwarethatcanrunonavarietyofhardware
platformsorsoftwarearchitectures.Platform-independentsoftwarecanbeusedinmany
differentenvironments,requiringlessplanningandtranslationacrossanenterprise.
Play(PN)~Abuttoninavideoconversationwindowthatstartsorrestartsthevideofeed.
play(v)~Tostartorcontinuetheexecutionofadigitalmediafile.
playcount(n)~Acountofhowmanytimesadigitalmediafilehasbeenplayed.
PlayinBackground(PN)~Anaudiostylethatsetsyouraudiotoplayinthebackground
asasoundtracktoyourpresentation.
PlayRecordedAnnouncement(oth)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforaconference
participantthatpromptstheconferencingservicetoplayapre-arrangedrecorded
announcementtotheconferenceparticipants.
PlaySoundtroubleshooter(n)~Atroubleshooterthathelpsfindandfixproblemsthat
preventyourcomputeroraudiodevicesfromplayingsound.
playto(v)~Tostreammusic,imagesorvideostoaspecificdeviceonyourhome
network.
PlayTo(PN)~Thefeaturethatallowsuserstostreammusic,imagesorvideostoa
specificdeviceontheirhomenetwork.
PlayTocontract(n)~AcontractthatallowsdeveloperstoleveragethePlayTobuttonon
theConnectCharmtoinvoketheremote-playbehavior.Inresponsetothebuttonclick,the
developercaninvoketheWindowsPlayToexperience.Orthedevelopercanprovidea
customPlayToexperience.
playback(n)~Thereplayofadigitalmediafile.
playback(n)~Thereplayofananimationstoryboard.
PlaybackManager(PN)~Aninterfacethatmanagesaudioandvideoplaybackfor
WindowsStoreapps.
playbackorder(n)~Asequenceofplaybackofselectedmusic/videos
playbackspeed(n)~Thespeedatwhichavoicemessageisplayedbacktouserinthe
ExchangeServer2007UnifiedMessagingfeature.
player(n)~Aclientprogramorcontrolthatreceivesdigitalmediacontentstreamedfrom
aserverorplayedfromlocalfiles.WindowsMediaPlayerisanexampleofaplayer.
player(n)~AgraphicobjectthatcontrolsaudiowithintheMusicapplication.Userscan
addsongsfromalbumsorcustomcollectionstotheplaylistandthenplay,pause,stop,or
removethem.
playhead(n)~Aniconthatrepresentsthecurrentlocationbeingplayedwithinthe
selectedmedia.Asclipsarebeingplayeditmovesalongthetimelineofeventstothe
nearestframeboundary.Thepositioningoftheiconisalwaysbetweentwoframes.The
previewareawilldisplaytheframetotherightofthecurrentlocation.
playlist(n)~Asetofsongsand/oralbumsselectedbythecustomer,fromthecustomer’s
musiclibrary.?
playlistparserplug-in(n)~Atypeofplug-inthatparsessystemorcustomplaylist
formatsandtransformsthemintoSMIL-compliantXMLDOMobjectssupportedby
WindowsMediaServices.
PlayReady(PN)~Acontentaccessandprotectiontechnologythatenablesbusiness
modelsfordigitalentertainmentcontent,products,services,anddevices.
PlayReadySecureDelivery(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheMediaServiceforPlayReady
digitalrightsmanagement.
PLB(n)~AWindowsFabriccomponentthatensuresthatservicesrunninginthecluster
areefficientlymappedtoclusternodesinordertodistributeloadacrossthecluster.
PLD(n)~Alogicchipthatisprogrammedbythecustomer,notthemanufacturer.Likea
gatearray,aPLDisacollectionoflogicgates.Unlikeagatearray,aPLDdoesnotneedto
beprogrammedaspartofthemanufacturingprocess.
pledge(n)~Apromiseforafuturedonation.
PLM(PN)~Anoperatingsystemprocessthatclosesappsthatarenotforegroundappsto
conservesystemresources,enhancebatterylife,andremovetheburdenofapp
management,taskmanagement,orboth,fromtheuser.Whentheuserswitchesbackorre-
launchestheapp,theappstartsrightwhereitleftoff.
plot(v)~Tocreateagraphicoradiagrambyconnectingpointsrepresentingvariables
(values)thataredefinedbytheirpositionsinrelationtoahorizontal(x)axisandavertical
(y)axis(andsometimesadepth,orz,axis).
plotarea(n)~Ina2-Dchart,theareaboundedbytheaxes,includingalldataseries.Ina
3-Dchart,theareaboundedbytheaxes,includingthedataseries,categorynames,tick-
marklabels,andaxistitles.
plotter(n)~Anydeviceusedtodrawcharts,diagrams,andotherline-basedgraphics.
Plottersuseeitherpensorelectrostaticchargesandtoner.Plottersusethreebasictypesof
paperhandling:flatbed,drum,andpinchroller.
plotterfont(n)~Afontcreatedbyaseriesofdotsconnectedbylines.Plotterfontscanbe
scaledtoanysizeandaremostoftenprintedonplotters.Somedot-matrixprintersalso
supportplotterfonts.
PlugandPlay(n)~Atypeofdevice,suchasagamecontrollerorprinter,that
automaticallyworkswhenyouconnectittoyourcomputer.Thecomputerconfiguresthe
settingsandinstallsthenecessarydriversbyitself.
PlugandPlayBIOS(PN)~ABIOSwithresponsibilityforconfiguringPlugandPlay
cardsandsystem-boarddevicesduringsystempowerup.Providesruntimeconfiguration
servicesforsystemboarddevicesafterstartup.
plug-and-playextensions(n)~Atechnologythatmakesaloosely-connecteddevicelook
likeatightly-coupleddeviceandprovidesidenticalexperiencefornetworkconnected
devicesasdirectlyconnecteddevices.
pluggableauthentication(n)~Amechanismtointegratemultiplelow-level
authenticationschemesintoahigh-levelAPI,whichallowsforprogramsthatrelyon
authenticationtobewrittenindependentlyoftheunderlyingauthenticationscheme.
plug-in(n)~Anauxiliarysoftwarecomponentthatextendsorenhancesthefeaturesof
othersoftware.
Plug-in~Asmallpieceofsoftwarethataddsfeaturestoalreadyexisting,usuallylarge,
programs.
Plug’n’play~(PlugandPlay)-AsystemwhereWindowsautomaticallydetectsanynew
hardwarethatispluggedintothePCandadjuststoitwithouthumanintervention.
plumb(v)~Toopenadevice,associateitwithaphysicalinterfaceorcreateaspecific
namedlogicalinterface,andsetupthestreamsneededforIPv4andIPv6tousethe
device.
plusorminussign(n)~The-±character.
pluspointer(n)~Thepointerthatappearswhenyoumovethepointertotheleftedgeofa
fieldinadatasheet.Whenthepluspointerappears,youcanclicktoselecttheentirefield.
plussign(n)~The+character,usedtoindicateadditionorapositivenumber.
PLUSSIGN(n)~The+character,usedtoindicateadditionorapositivenumber.
PLUS-MINUSSIGN(n)~The-±character.
PMARGB32(PN)~OneofthetwocommonpixelformatssupportedbyMicrosoft
DirectX.PMARG32uses8-bitvaluesforalpha,red,green,andblue,foratotalof32-bits
perpixel.Eachcolorisalphapremultiplied,whichmakesalphablendingoperationsmore
efficient.
PMO(PN)~Adepartmentresponsibleforestablishingandmaintainingproject
managementstandardsandexpectationsfortheorganization.
pneumococcalconjugatevaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstdisease
causedbythebacteriumStreptococcuspneumoniae(pneumococcus).
pneumococcalpolysaccharidevaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainst23types
ofpneumococcalbacteria.
PNG(n)~AgraphicfileformatthatissupportedbysomeWorldWideWebbrowsers.
PNGsupportsvariabletransparencyofimages(alphachannels)andcontrolofimage
brightnessondifferentcomputers(gammacorrection).PNGfilesarecompressedbitmaps.
p-node(n)~ANetBIOSimplementationthatusespoint-to-pointcommunicationwitha
WINSservertoresolvenamesasIPaddresses.
PnPdevice(n)~Atypeofdevice,suchasagamecontrollerorprinter,thatautomatically
workswhenyouconnectittoyourcomputer.Thecomputerconfiguresthesettingsand
installsthenecessarydriversbyitself.
PnP-X(n)~Atechnologythatmakesaloosely-connecteddevicelooklikeatightly-
coupleddeviceandprovidesidenticalexperiencefornetworkconnecteddevicesas
directlyconnecteddevices.
PNRP(n)~Astandardsetofformatsandprocedureswhichenablessecureanddynamic
publication,registrationandresolutionofcomputernamesandIPaddressesincludingthe
abilitytoregistermultiplenamesonasinglecomputer,multiplecomputerstoasingle
name,andhavenamesregisteredbyapplications.
PNS(n)~Aplatform-specificinfrastructureforpushnotificationdeliverywithbarebones
functions.
PO(n)~Aformalrequestforgoodsorservices.Thepurchaseordershowsthequantityof
goodsorservicesordered,expectedreceiptdate,andsuppliername.Thepurchaseorder
mayalsoincludeotherinformationpertainingtothedeliveryofthegoodsorservices.
POC(n)~Theverificationthattheselectedtechnologyperformsaccordingtopre-
establishedcriteriainalabenvironmentdesignedtosimulatetheproductionenvironment.
PocketPC(n)~Amobile,largerform-factorcomputingdevicesmallenoughtofitina
coatpocketthatusestheMicrosoftWindowsCEorWindowsMobileoperatingsystem.
pocketPC~APDAplatformlaunchedbyMicrosoftandseveralpartnerhardware
vendorsinApril2000.
PocketPCsynchronization(oth)~Afunctionthatallowstheusertosynchronize
AddressBookandCalendarinformationwithaPC.
POCO(n)~Anobjectthatdoesnotinheritfromanotherclassorimplementaninterface.
POCOclass(n)~AclassintheEntityFrameworkthatdoesnotinheritfromanotherclass
orimplementaninterface.
POCOdataclass(n)~AclassintheEntityFrameworkthatdoesnotinheritfromanother
classorimplementaninterface.
POCOentity(n)~AnentityintheEntityFrameworkthatdoesnotinheritorimplement
EntityFrameworkclassesorinterfaces.
POCOproxy(n)~AproxyobjectthatrepresentsaPOCOclass.
POCOtype(n)~AclassintheEntityFrameworkthatdoesnotinheritfromanotherclass
orimplementaninterface.
podcast(n)~Aseriesofdigital-mediafilesthatuserscansubscribetoonline,thataresent
totheircomputersandthatcanthenbeaccessedondemandontheusers’reader.The
majorityofpodcastsareavailableasaudiofilesinMP3format,syndicatedthroughan
RSS(XML)file.Otherformatsandothertypesoffiles,suchasvideo,canalsobe
podcasted.
Podcast~Anaudiofilethatcanbedownloadedtoaportableaudioplayerorcomputer,
usuallyspeech.
podcast~AcoinedtermtodefineabroadcastofmultimediafilestoanAppleIPodor
otherappropriatereceiver.Apodcastisanaudioorvideofilethatsubscriberscanhearor
viewonline.
podcastfeed(n)~Adigitalmediafile(audioorvideo)releasedepisodicallyand
downloadablefromtheInternet.
point(v)~Tomoveapointer(forexample,anarrow)toaparticularpositiononthe
screen,byusingapointingdevicesuchasamouseorpen.
point(n)~Aunitofmeasurereferringtotheheightofaprintedcharacter.Apointequals
1/72ofaninch,orapproximately1/28ofacentimeter.
point(n)~AvaluethatisusedinMicrosoftPointstoenableefficientmicropaymentsand
prepaidpurchaseforcashbasedconsumers(includingkids/teens,aswellasemergingand
developingmarkets)andprovideamechanismtodirectlyrewardloyalcustomers.
point(n)~Ashapethatrepresentsasinglepositioninacoordinatesystem.
point(n)~Thehighestpointofacurve,thepointwhereacurveends,orthepointwhere
twolinesegmentsmeetinapolygonorfreeformpath.
PointandFigurechart(n)~Achartthatplotsday-to-daypricemovementswithout
takingintoconsiderationthepassageoftime.
pointchart(n)~Achartthatplotsnumericaldataalongtwovalueaxes(x,y).
pointdepth(n)~Thedepthofdatapointsdisplayedina3Dchartarea.
pointevent(n)~Aneventoccurrenceasofasinglepointintime.Onlythestarttimeis
requiredfortheevent.TheCEPserverinfersthevalidendtimebyaddingatick(the
smallestunitoftimeintheunderlyingtimedatatype)tothestarttimetosetthevalidtime
intervalfortheevent.Pointeventsarevalidonlyforthissingleinstantoftime.
pointeventmodel(n)~Theeventmodelofapointevent.
Pointintimerestore(n)~Therecoveryofadatabasetoapointwithintheretention
periodfromarecentbackup.
pointlayer(n)~Thelayerinamapreportthatdisplaysspatialdataaspoints,for
examples,pointsthatindicatecitiesorpointsofinterest.
pointlight(n)~Atypeoflightthatiscastoutwardfromasinglepointinalldirections
muchlikeastandardlightbulb.
pointname(n)~Anameusedtoidentifyaconversionpointandassociateitwitha
specifictypeoftransaction(e.g.shoesale,newslettersubscription).
pointofinterest(n)~AlocationthatyouselecttoappearonamapinConcierge.These
locationsmightbe,forexample,ridesonacustommaporrestaurantsonaVirtualEarth
map.Apointofinterestappearsasanumberedcircleonthemap.Youcanalso
recommendpointsofinterestandaddmoreinformationaboutthem.
pointofsale(n)~Theplaceatwhichtheownershipofproductsistransferredfromthe
sellertothebuyerinexchangeforpayment.
pointofsaleterminal(n)~Acomputerterminalatthepointofsalethatrecordsand
trackstheownershipandtransferofproductsfromthesellertothebuyerinexchangefor
payment.
pointoftaxation(n)~Thepointintimewhenaservicethatisrenderedbyaservice
providerisconsideredtobecomplete.
pointofterminationstation(oth)~Basicdialtelephoneconnectiontothepublic
switchednetwork,withoutanyaddedfeaturesorfunctions.Untilthe1970s,POTSwasthe
onlytelephoneserviceofferedbylocaltelecommunicationsproviders.
pointURL(n)~TheURLoftheconversionpointpage.
point-and-click(adj)~Pertainingtoselectingdataandactivatingprogramsbyusinga
mouseorotherpointingdevicetomoveacursortoadesiredlocation(point’)andpressing
abuttononthemouseorotherpointingdevice(‘click’).’
pointer(n)~Agraphicalimagedisplayedonthescreenthatindicatesthelocationofa
pointingdevice.
pointer(n)~Inprogrammingandinformationprocessing,avariablethatcontainsthe
memorylocation(address)ofsomedataratherthanthedataitself.
pointer(n)~Anon-screenelementwhoselocationchangesastheusermovesthemouse.
Dependingonthelocationofthemousepointerandtheoperationoftheprogramwith
whichitisworking,theareaofthescreenwherethemousepointerappearsservesasthe
targetforanactionwhentheuserpressesoneofthemousebuttons.
pointer(n)~Aneedle,marker,orbarthatindicatesasinglevaluedisplayedagainsta
scaleonareport.
pointerresourcerecord(n)~Aresourcerecordusedinareverselookupzonecreated
withinthein-addr.arpadomaintodesignateareversemappingofahostIPaddresstoa
hostDNSdomainname.
Pointertool(n)~Anannotationtoolusedtopointtoinformationonaslide.
pointingdevice(n)~Aninputdeviceusedtocontrolanon-screencursorforsuchactions
aspressing’on-screenbuttonsindialogboxes
point-in-timeplan(n)~Acompensationplanthatiscalculatedagainstabasefiguretaken
ataparticularpointintime.Long-termincentives,suchasstockoptionawards,areoften
calculatedinthisway.
point-in-timerecovery(n)~Theprocessofrecoveringonlythetransactionswithinalog
backupthatwerecommittedbeforeaspecificpointintime,insteadofrecoveringthe
wholebackup.
point-of-saleactivation(n)~Theprocessofactivatingtokensduringapurchase.
point-to-pointconnection(n)~Amethodofconnectingshapessuchthattheactualpoint
ofconnectionstaysthesamenomatterhowyoumovetheconnectedshapes.
Point-to-PointProtocol(n)~Asetofindustry-standardframingandauthentication
protocolsthatareincludedwithWindowstoensureinteroperabilitywithotherremote
accesssoftware.PPPnegotiatesconfigurationparametersformultiplelayersoftheOpen
SystemsInterconnection(OSI)model.TheInternetstandardforserialcommunications,
PPPdefineshowdatapacketsareexchangedwithotherInternet-basedsystemsusinga
modemconnection.PPPisdocumentedinRFC1661.
Point-to-PointProtocoloverEthernet(n)~Aspecificationforconnectingusersonan
EthernetnetworktotheInternetthroughabroadbandconnection,suchasasingleDSL
line,wirelessdevice,orcablemodem.UsingPPPoEandabroadbandmodem,LANusers
cangainindividualauthenticatedaccesstohigh-speeddatanetworks.Bycombining
EthernetandPoint-to-PointProtocol(PPP),PPPoEprovidesanefficientwaytocreatea
separateconnectionforeachusertoaremoteserver.
Point-to-PointTunnelingProtocol(n)~Networkingtechnologythatsupports
multiprotocolvirtualprivatenetworks(VPNs),enablingremoteuserstoaccesscorporate
networkssecurelyacrosstheInternetorothernetworksbydialingintoanInternetservice
provider(ISP)orbyconnectingdirectlytotheInternet.PPTPtunnels,orencapsulates,
InternetProtocol(IP)orInternetworkPacketExchange(IPX)trafficinsideIPpackets.
Thismeansthatuserscanremotelyrunapplicationsthatdependonparticularnetwork
protocols.PPTPisdescribedinRFC2637.
poisonmessage(n)~Amessagecontaininginformationthatanapplicationcannot
successfullyprocess.Apoisonmessageisnotacorruptmessage,andmaynotbean
invalidrequest.
poisonreverse(n)~Aprocessthat,usedwithsplithorizon,improvesRoutingInformation
Protocol(RIP)convergenceoversimplesplithorizonbyadvertisingallnetworkIDs.
However,thenetworkIDslearnedinagivendirectionareadvertisedwithahopcountof
16,indicatingthatthenetworkisunavailable.
poison-messagequeue(n)~Asubqueueoftheapplicationqueuewherepoisonmessages
getmovedtobelaterprocessedbyapoison-messagehandlingapplication.
policy(n)~Themechanismbywhichcomputersettingsareconfiguredautomatically,as
definedbytheadministrator.Dependingoncontext,thiscanrefertoGroupPolicyor
WindowsNT4.0SystemPolicy.
policy(n)~Aversionedcollectionofbusinessrules.
policy(n)~Assetofrulesdefinedbytheadministrator.Forexample,thepolicymay
requirealluserstochangetheirpasswords.
policy(n)~Oneormorerulesorproceduresthatoperationalizeinternalcontrols.
policy(n)~Agroupofsettingsthatcontrolsfeaturesoncomputersandmobiledevices
likesoftwareupdates,EndpointProtection,WindowsFirewallsettings,andtheend-user
experienceintheWindowsIntuneCenter.
policybarcode(n)~AnimagethatencodesauniqueidentifierforaWindowsSharePoint
Servicesobject,wherethevalueoftheuniqueidentifiercanalsoberepresentedtextually.
PolicyFilterpage(n)~Thepagewhereadministratorsbuildcustomizedrulesfore-mail
addressesanddomainsinthecustomer’sorganization.
policymodule(n)~ACertificateServicescomponentthatdetermineswhethera
certificaterequestshouldbeautomaticallyapproved,denied,ormarkedaspending.
policyprocessingsequence(n)~Theorderinwhichconflictsbetweenpolicyrulesare
resolved.Policyrulesdefinedatalowerlevelofthesequencealwaysoverrideconflicting
policyrulesathigherlevelsofthesequence.
policyrule(n)~Aruleinapolicythatcontrolstheactionsthatcanormustbetakenwhen
therequirementsoftheconditionaremet.
policysetting(n)~AsingleconfigurationiteminapolicyinWindowsIntune.
policytemplate(n)~Agroupingofpolicysettingsthatcannotbechangedandthatserves
asthebasisforcreatingapolicy.
PolicyTip(PN)~ThemessagethatnotifiesusersofOWA,MOWA,OutlookDesktop
Excel,WordandPowerPointthattheymightbeviolatingadatalossprevention(DLP)
policy.
policyupdateflag(n)~Aflagthatisusedtoindicatethataworkflowshouldbere-runas
aneffectofachangetothesetsorManagementPolicyRulesreferringtoit.
policy-basedmanagement(n)~Asetofbuilt-infunctionsthatreturnserverstate
informationaboutvalues,objects,andsettingsinSQLServer.PolicyBasedManagement
allowsadatabaseadministratortodeclarethedesiredstateofthesystemandchecksthe
systemforcompliancewiththatstate.
poliovaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstpoliomyelitis.
poliovirusvaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainstpoliomyelitis.
Polka(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#75.
Pollslide(n)~Aresourceslidethatdisplaysapollquestiontowhichallparticipantscan
respond.
polling(n)~Theprocessofperiodicallydeterminingthestatusofeachdeviceinasetso
thattheactiveprogramcanprocesstheeventsgeneratedbyeachdevice,suchaswhethera
mousebuttonwaspressedorwhethernewdataisavailableataserialport.Thiscanbe
contrastedwithevent-drivenprocessing,inwhichtheoperatingsystemalertsaprogramor
routinetotheoccurrenceofaneventbymeansofaninterruptormessageratherthan
havingtocheckeachdeviceinturn.
pollinginterval(n)~Avaluethatdefinesthefrequencyofthepollingprocess.
pollingquery(n)~AsingletonquerythatreturnsavalueAnalysisServicescanuseto
determineifchangeshavebeenmadetoatableorotherrelationalobject.
PolskPunk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#134.
PolyBase(PN)~AMicrosofttechnologyavailablewithintheMicrosoftAnalytics
PlatformSystemtoqueryHadoopdatathatisstoredinHadoopclustersorinanAzure
BlobStoragebyusingTransact-SQL(T-SQL)ortoquerysemi-structureddataandjoin
theresultswithrelationaldatasetsstoredinSQLServer,eliminatingtheneedtoextract,
transform,andloaddataintotherelationaldatawarehouseandtherequirementof
additionalmanualprocesses,skills,ortraininginHadoop.
polygon(n)~Ashapebuiltfromaregularpatternofpointsandsegments.Examplesof
polygonsincludeatriangle,ahexagon,ora12-pointstar.
polygon(n)~Ashaperepresentingasingleareainacoordinatesystem.Itmayhaveholes,
butitdoesnothavemultipledisconnectedregions,nordoesithaveanyinfinitely-thin
spurs.Itsbordersarerepresentableaslinestringsinthesamecoordinatesystem.
polygonlayer(n)~Thelayerinamapreportthatdisplaysspatialdataasareas,for
example,areasthatindicategeographicalregionssuchascounties.
polyline(PN)~ABezierpathmadeofsegmentsthatareeitherstraightlinesorcircular
arcs.
Polyline(PN)~AtooltocreateaBezierpathmadeofsegmentsthatareeitherstraight
linesorcirculararcs.
polymorphiccode(n)~Maliciouscodethatchangesitscodestructureormethodof
infectiontoevadedetectionbyvirusscanners.
polymorphism(n)~Inanobject-orientedprogramminglanguage,theabilitytoredefinea
routineinaderivedclass(aclassthatinheriteditsdatastructuresandroutinesfrom
anotherclass).
polynomialtrendline(n)~Acurvedtrendlinethatisusedwhendatafluctuates.
pool(n)~Agroupofthings,suchasinvoices,salesorders,orproductions,thathave
characteristicsincommonandaretobehandledinasimilarfashion.
pool(n)~Acombinationofoneormorefront-endserversandaSQLdatabasethatis
eitherhostedonthefront-endserver(StandardEditionconfiguration)orononeormore
back-endservers(EEconfigurations).
pool(n)~Acollectionoftaskvirtualmachinesonwhichtaskapplicationsrun.
pooledpipeline(n)~ApipelineobjectthattakesadvantageofCOM+objectpoolingto
speeduppipelineloadingandexecution.
Pop(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#13.
pop(v)~Tofetchthetop(mostrecentlyadded)elementofastack,removingthatelement
fromthestackintheprocess.
POPaggregation(n)~AfeaturethatenablesuserstoaccesstheirotherPOP3enablede-
mailaccountsfromwithintheircentrale-mailaccount.
PopOut(v)~Buttononaformthatcausesthatsectionoftheformyouareintoopenina
newwindow.
POPsubscription(n)~AsubscriptionthatgathersmessagesfromPOP3mailboxesand
deliversthemessagestoadesignatedOutlookLivemailboxsothattheOutlookLiveend
usercancentralizetheire-mailaccountsandonlyhavetocheckonemailbox.
Pop/Funk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#62.
POP3(n)~AnInternetstandardprotocolthatallowsausertodownloade-mailfromhis
orherinboxonaservertotheclientcomputerwheremessagesaremanaged.This
protocolworkswellforcomputersthatareunabletomaintainacontinuousconnectionto
aserver.
POP3~(PostOfficeProtocolversion3;pr.‘pop3’)A-protocol-fortransmittingand
receivingemail.
POP-enabledaccount(n)~AnaccountthatcanreceivemailusingthePOP3protocol.
Pop-Folk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#53.
Popular(PN)~ThefilterforvideoswithinOffice365Videoanditschannelsthatsorts
thevideosaccordingtopopularityorwhatistrending.
Popular(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemsthatmeetacertainpurchase/rental/play
threshold.
Popularartists(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicalatiststhatmeetacertain
purchase/rental/playthreshold.
Popularmovies(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformoviesthatmeetacertain
purchase/rental/playthreshold.
Popularmusic(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicalbumsthatmeetacertain
purchase/rental/playthreshold.
PopularonXbox(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemsthatmeetacertain
purchase/rental/playthresholdontheXboxconsole.
PopularQueriesreport(n)~AWebanalyticsreportthatprovidesinformationonthe
mostpopularsearches.
Popularshows(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforTVshowsthatmeetacertain
purchase/rental/playthreshold.
Popularstations(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicappradiostationsthatmeeta
certainpurchase/rental/playthreshold.
populate(v)~Toimportprepareddatausingasoftwareprocedureratherthantheenduser
enteringtheinformation.
population(n)~Theprocessofscanningcontenttocompileandmaintainanindex.
pop-up(n)~Anewinstanceofthebrowserthatoccursintheforegroundofanhtml
environment.Pop-upitemsincludepop-upads,pop-upforms,andothergraphical
browser-baseditems.
Pop-up~Aformofonlineadvertisingwheretheadvertpopsupinaseparatebrowser
windowwhenyougotoaparticularwebpage.Manypeoplefinditintenselyirritating,and
somebrowsersnowhavetheabilitytoblockpop-upsfromopening.
pop-upblocker(n)~Softwarethatpreventsthedisplayofpop-upitemswhenbrowsing
theInternet.
pop-upblocking(n)~AnInternetExplorersecurityfeaturethatpreventsanexisting
windowfromopeninganotherwindowwithoutexplicitpermission.
pop-upcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdisplayscontentinaseparatewindowrelativetoan
elementorpointonthescreen.
pop-upform(n)~Aformthatstaysontopofotherwindows.Apop-upformcanbe
modalormodeless.
pop-upmenu(n)~Amenuthatisrelatedtotheactivewindoworitem,accessibleby
right-clickingthemouse.
pop-upmenu~Amenuthatappearsinadialogbox.
pop-upwindow(n)~Awindowthatappearswhenanoptionisselected.Typically,the
windowremainsvisibleuntilthemousebuttonisreleased.
pop-upwindow(n)~Anoverlappedwindowusedfordialogboxes,messageboxes,and
othertemporarywindowsthatappearoutsideanapplication’sprimarywindow.
Pornography(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
port(v)~Tomovedocuments,graphics,andotherfilesfromonecomputertoanother.
port(v)~Tochangeaprograminordertobeabletorunitonadifferentcomputer.
port(n)~Ahardware-orsoftware-basedinterfaceusedtotransferinformationbetweena
computerandotherdevices.Hardwareportsarephysicalconnectionsthatarevisibleon
theoutsideofthecomputer.Softwareportsarethenumberedgatewaysinprogramsthat
softwareprogramsusetoexchangeinformation.
port(n)~AnentrypointintoBizTalkServerthatconnectsadapterstopipelines.
port(n)~Anactor’sinterfacecomponentthroughwhichactorscommunicatewithother
actors.
port(n)~Aninboundoroutboundserviceendpointthatbindsacommunicationsprotocol
anddatacontractwithanetworkaddress.
Port~Asocketontheback(usually)ofacomputerwhichallowsyoutopluginextra
hardwaresuchasaprinterormodem.
port~Portscanbeclassifiedashardwareportsornetwork(software)ports.Hardware
portsconsistoftheoutletsonthecomputerwherecablesorplugsconnect.Examples
includeUSB,SCSIandEthernetports.
portclassification(n)~Anameassignedtoasetofvirtualnetworkadapterportprofiles
thatsharesomeconfigurationproperties.
portconnectorline(n)~AlineshowingtheconnectionbetweenaSend/Receiveshape
andanoperationonaPortshape.
portID(n)~ThemethodthatTransmissionControlProtocol(TCP)andUserDatagram
Protocol(UDP)usetospecifywhichprogramrunningonthesystemissendingor
receivingthedata.
portnumber(n)~AnumberthatidentifiesacertainInternetapplication.Forexample,the
defaultportnumberfortheWWWserviceis80.
portablecomputer(n)~Anycomputerdesignedtobemovedeasily.
portabledevice(n)~Adevicethatislightenough,ruggedenough,andfreeenoughof
encumberingexternalconnectionstobecarriedbyauser.
PortableDocumentFormat(n)~TheAdobespecificationforelectronicdocumentsthat
usetheAdobeAcrobatfamilyofserversandreaders.
portableexecutablefile(n)~Thefileformatusedforexecutableprogramsandforfilesto
belinkedtogethertoformexecutableprograms.
portablelicense(n)~AlicensethatiscreatedwhenapackagedWindowsMediafileis
transferredtoaportabledevice.Theportablelicenseislocatedontheportabledevice,and
containsrightsthatarespecifiedintheoriginallicense.
portablemediaplayer(n)~Agenerichandhelddevicethatcanplaymusic,videos,
displaypictures,etc.Specifically,anon-Microsoft-brandedtypeofthisdevice.
PortableNetworkGraphics(n)~AgraphicfileformatthatissupportedbysomeWorld
WideWebbrowsers.PNGsupportsvariabletransparencyofimages(alphachannels)and
controlofimagebrightnessondifferentcomputers(gammacorrection).PNGfilesare
compressedbitmaps.
portal(n)~Awebsitethatuserswhoareassignedtoanappropriateuserrolecanuseto
createandmanagetheirownvirtualmachinesandservices.
Portal~Avirtualgatewaybetweencomputersystems,orawebsitethatprovideslinksto
lotsofusefulsitesonaparticulartheme,egshoppingornews.
portal~UsuallyusedasamarketingtermtodescribedaWebsitethatisorisintendedto
bethefirstplacepeopleseewhenusingtheWeb.Typicallya‘Portalsite’hasacatalogof
websites,asearchengine,orboth.
portalsite(n)~AtypeofSharePointsitethatprovidesthetop-levelWebview(home
pageandrelatedpages)oftheportal.
portalURL(n)~AninternalWebaddressforaccessingLiveMeetingManageronan
intranet.
PortedIn/Out~In:atelephonenumberisconsideredtobeportedinwhenservice
provider
PortedIn/Out~Out:telephonenumberisconsideredtobeportedoutwhenanumber
assignedtoserviceproviderAismovedfromserviceproviderA’sswitchtoservice
providerB’sswitch
portfolio(n)~Alistofprojectswithinanorganizationthatmaysharecommon
managementofscope,budget,orresources.
portrait(n)~Anorientationwherethelongdimensionofarectangulararea(forexample,
screenorpaper)isvertical.
portraitorientation(n)~Anorientationwherethelongdimensionofarectangulararea
(forexample,screenorpaper)isvertical.
POS(n)~Theplaceatwhichtheownershipofproductsistransferredfromthesellerto
thebuyerinexchangeforpayment.
POSterminal(n)~Acomputerterminalatthepointofsalethatrecordsandtracksthe
ownershipandtransferofproductsfromthesellertothebuyerinexchangeforpayment.
POSA(n)~Theprocessofactivatingtokensduringapurchase.
Position(n)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertospecifythelocationofanelementonthe
screen.
positionID(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatisassociatedtoaposition,whichisaroleor
occupationwithintheorganization.
positionindex(n)~AnidentifierassociatedwitheachaddresscardintheContacts
database.Thepositionindexindicatestheaddresscard’spositionrelativetotheother
addresscardsinthedatabase.Apositionindexisdistinctfromanobjectidentifier.
positionslider(n)~Auserinterfacecontrol(typicallyaprogressbar)thatindicatesthe
progressofthemediaclipcurrentlybeingplayedbyshowingathumbadvancingalongthe
bar.
positionalflatfile(n)~Atypeoffileformatusedtorepresentbusinessdocumentsin
whichtherecordsandfieldshaveafixedlength,eliminatingtheneedfordelimiters.
positionalparameter(n)~Aparameterthatcanbespecificwithouttheparameterpart
(e.g.getitemfooinsteadofgetitemnamefoo).
positionedupdate(n)~Anupdate,insert,ordeleteoperationperformedonarowatthe
currentpositionofthecursor.
positioning(n)~Placingelements,suchastextandgraphics,onapagetoletthepage
authorcontroltheexactlocationandlayerorderofapageelement.
positiveairwaypressure(n)~Amodeofrespiratoryventilationinwhichairis
mechanicallydeliveredintotheairwaysandlungs.
positronemissiontomography(n)~Anuclearmedicineimagingmethodsimilarto
computedtomographythatproducesanimageoffunctionalprocessesinthebody.
possibleowner(n)~Anodeinafailoverclusterorserverclusterthatcanrunaspecific
resource.Bydefault,allnodesappearaspossibleowners,sotheresourcecanrunonany
node.Inmostcases,itisappropriatetousethisdefaultsetting.
post(n)~Amessagethatappearsinanewsgroup,publicfolder,orotherforum,suchas
FacebookorTwitter,accessiblebyanumberofindividuals.
post(v)~Tosubmitanarticleinanewsgrouporotheronlineconferenceorforum.The
termisderivedfromtheposting’ofanoticeonaphysicalbulletinboard.’
POST(n)~Asetofroutinesstoredinread-onlymemory(ROM)thattestsvarioussystem
componentssuchasRAM,thediskdrives,andthekeyboard,toseeiftheyareproperly
connectedandoperating.Ifproblemsarefound,theseroutinesalerttheuserwithaseries
ofbeepsoramessage,oftenaccompaniedbyadiagnosticnumericvalue.IfthePOSTis
successful,itpassescontroltothebootstraploader.
post(n)~Toenteradebitoracreditintoanaccount.
post(v)~Torecordthemonetaryvalueofaneconomiceventinaspecificaccount,orto
summarizeandreclassifygeneralandsubsidiaryjournalaccountentriesintogeneraland
subsidiaryledgeraccountentries.
post(n)~AmessagegeneratedbyMicrosoftDynamicsCRMwhenaneventoccurs,ora
messagecreatedbyaCRMuser.
POST~(PowerOnSelfTest;pr.‘post’)AroutinePCsgothroughwhenfirstswitchedon,
beforeloadingtheoperatingsystem,tomakesurethehardwareisworkingproperly.
Postanote(PN)~Thelinksomeoneclickstoleaveabriefnoteonsomeoneelse’sprofile.
postalert(n)~Featuretoreceivenewpostsasemailnotifications.
postandtransfer(v)~Theprocessofmakingtemporarytransactionsapartofthe
permanentledgerandupdatingaccountsbytransactionamounts,ifthelineiserror-free.
PostBillandARadjustments(PN)~ThetotalcreditsappliedtoaMicrosoftAzure
customer’saccountsinceacustomer’slastbill.
postgrades(v)~Topublishgradesandfeedbacksothattheyareavailabletostudents.
postlist(n)~ThepartoftheproductUIthatdisplayspostsasalistinacolumn.Thislist
canbesortedchronologically.
postlocation(n)~Thegeographicallocationdata,definingthelatitude/longitude(or
location)ofapostwhenitwaspublished.
PostOfficeProtocolversion3(n)~AnInternetstandardprotocolthatallowsauserto
downloade-mailfromhisorherinboxonaservertotheclientcomputerwheremessages
aremanaged.Thisprotocolworkswellforcomputersthatareunabletomaintaina
continuousconnectiontoaserver.
postonFacebook(v)~TopostmessagesoruploadphotostoFacebook.
PostRuleConfigurations(PN)~TabontheRecordssectionoftheribboninCRMthat
containsthecontrolsforsettingtherulesabouthowpostsarehandledforYammer.
postto(PN)~AUIoptiontoshareamessageonWindowsLive,Facebook,orboth.
postvolume(n)~Thetotalnumber(thevolume)ofpostsinasetoffilters/dataset.
postalcode(n)~Analphanumericcodeassignedtoalladdressesinordertofacilitatemail
delivery.
postback(n)~TheprocessinwhichaWebpagesendsdatabacktothesamepageonthe
server.
post-deploymentaction(n)~AsetofmethodsthatrunfromwithintheOfficeClickOnce
installeraftertheOfficesolutionisinstalled.
post-deploymentscript(n)~Asetofzeroormoreuser-specifieddatabasescriptsthatare
executedinaspecificorderafterthedatabasedeploymentscriptisexecuted.
poster(n)~Alargeformatprintednotice,oftenwithphotographsorpictures,forplacing
onawall.
Posterize(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
posterizingoperation(n)~Alookuptableoperationthatreducesthenumberofcolors
usedinanimage.
post-event(adj)~Occurringafteracoresystemoperationhasbeencompleted.
post-event(n)~Anasynchronouseventwhosehandlerrunsonlyaftertheactionthat
raisedtheeventiscomplete.
postfixnotation(n)~Aformofalgebraicnotationinwhichtheoperatorsappearafterthe
operands.
postingaccount(n)~Afinancialaccountthattracksassets,liabilities,revenue,or
expenses.
postingdate(n)~Thedatethatatransactionisrecorded.
postingdefinition(n)~Definestheledgerlineentriesthatwillbegeneratedwhenamatch
existsbetweenanoriginatingtransactionandthematchcriteriathathasbeendefined.
postinglayer(n)~Acurrent,tax,oroperationsledgerclassificationthatisassignedto
accountingjournalentries.
postingprofile(n)~Aspecificationthatdefineswhichledgeraccountsaretobeupdated
byspecifictransactiontypes.
postmaster(n)~Thelogonname(andthereforetheemailaddress)ofanaccountthatis
responsibleformaintainingemailservicesonamailserver.Whenanaccountholderis
havingtroublewithemail,amessagetopostmasteror
[email protected]g.domain.name’willusuallyreachahumanwhocansolvethe
problem.’
[email protected](n)~Theemailaddressoftheaccountresponsiblefor
maintainingservicesonamailserverthatoftenrespondstoproblemsaccountholders
haveinsendingorreceivingemail.
[email protected](n)~Theemailaddressoftheaccountresponsible
formaintainingservicesonamailserverthatoftenrespondstoproblemsaccountholders
haveinsendingorreceivingemail.
post-milestonereview(n)~Thereviewofworkproductsassociatedwithkeymilestones
toconfirmqualityandeffectiveprojectprocesses.-
post-operationalworkflow(n)~Aworkflowthatisasynchronousorthatstartsatalater
time,butdoesnothavetowaitforapreviousworkflowtofinish.
post-processor(n)~Acompatibilityevaluatormodulethattakesvolumesofrawdataand
producesactionabledatainaformatthatmatchestheACTschema,withextensionsthat
aresuppliedbythecompatibilityevaluatorprovider.Morethanonepost-processormay
dependonasingledatacollector,andapost-processormaydependondatafrommore
thanonedatacollector.
postroll(v)~Toextendtheamountofencodedvideobyaspecifiednumberofframes.
post-scaninstructions(n)~TheinstructionsfortheDistributedScanServertoprocess
thescannedimagesuponreceipt.Includeswhichfilterstorunandanyfilter-specific
attributes.
post-scanprocess(n)~Alltheinformationcreatedtoaccomplishanenterprisescan.It
includesadestinationserver,scanticketandpost-scaninstructions.
post-scanprocessfilter(n)~AprocessingunitontheDistributedScanServerthatis
calledbythepostscan-instructionstoprocesseachfileasrequestedandlogtheresults.
PostScript(n)~Apage-descriptionlanguagefromAdobeSystemsthatoffersflexiblefont
capabilityandhigh-qualitygraphics.
PostScript~Alanguagethatdescribestheappearance(textandgraphics)ofaprinted
page.PostScriptisanindustrystandardforprintingandimaging.Manyprinterscontainor
canbeloadedwithPostScriptsoftware.
PostScriptfile(n)~AfilecreatedwithPostScriptpage-descriptionlanguage.Nearlyall
high-resolutionfilesarePostScript.
PostScriptfont(n)~AtypeofcomputerfontcreatedbyAdobeSystems.PostScriptfonts
aresmooth,detailed,andofhighquality.
PostScriptprinter(n)~AprinterthatusesthePostScriptpage-descriptionlanguage
(PDL)tocreatetextandgraphicsontheoutputmedium,suchaspaperoroverhead
transparency.ExamplesofPostScriptprintersincludetheAppleLaserWriter,theNEC
LC-890,andtheQMSPS-810.
potency(n)~Arelativemeasureofthestrengthcharacteristicofanitem.
potencymanagement(n)~Amethodofclassifyingandmanagingactiveingredientsand
itemsthatcontainaparticularconcentrationofanactiveingredient.
potentiallyunwantedsoftware(n)~Softwarethatperformscertaintypesofoperations
thattheuserdoesnotexpect,suchasdisplayingadvertisements,monitoringuseractivity,
orcollectingandtransmittingprivateuserinformation.
POTS(n)~Basicdialtelephoneconnectiontothepublicswitchednetwork,withoutany
addedfeaturesorfunctions.Untilthe1970s,POTSwastheonlytelephoneserviceoffered
bylocaltelecommunicationsproviders.
poundkey(n)~The#character.
PowderedSugarButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallows
theplayertoselectapowderedsugarfinishfortheircake.
power(n)~Strengthexerted;might.
Power(PN)~AbuttonthatshutsdownorrestartsthePC.
Power(PN)~TheUIoptionontheStartmenutoshutdown,restartthecomputer,orput
thecomputertosleep.
PowerAnalyst(PN)~Middlelevelofuserroles.Analystscanchangesentimentvalue,
anddeletepostsandpublishersfromtheUI.
Powerballad(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#117.
PowerBI(free)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~ThebasicversionofPowerBItargetedto
U.S.governmentcustomerstogetstartedquicklyallowingthemtocreate,view,andshare
personaldashboardsandreports.
PowerBI(free)forfaculty(PN)~ThebasicversionofPowerBItargetedtocustomers
fromacademicinstitutionstogetstartedquicklyallowingthemtocreate,view,andshare
personaldashboardsandreports.
PowerBI(free)forstudents(PN)~ThebasicversionofPowerBItargetedtostudentsto
getstartedquicklyallowingthemtocreate,view,andsharepersonaldashboardsand
reports.
PowerBI(free)Nonprofit(PN)~ThebasicversionofPowerBItargetedtocustomers
fromnot-for-profitorganizationstogetstartedquicklyallowingthemtocreate,view,and
sharepersonaldashboardsandreports.
PowerBIAdminCenter(PN)~AportalforITAdministratorsinPowerBI.
PowerBIAPI(PN)~ARESTAPItoconnecttoadatasourceandpushdatainPowerBI
wheneveritbecomesavailableandupdatereportsthataredependentonthisdatainreal
time.
PowerBIapplicationprogramminginterface(PN)~ARESTAPItoconnecttoadata
sourceandpushdatainPowerBIwheneveritbecomesavailableandupdatereportsthat
aredependentonthisdatainrealtime.
PowerBIDesigner(PN)~Anend-to-endreportauthoringtoolforbuildinganalyticsfor
PowerBIbyconnectingtomultipledatasources,shapingdatawithqueries,andbuilding
datamodels,andeventuallycreatingreportstobesharedwithothers.
PowerBIDesktop(n)~Astand-alone,contentauthoringtoolthatcanbeinstalledside-
by-sidewithanyversionofOfficeorExcelonWindowstocreatePowerBIcontentonthe
user’sdesktop.
PowerBIforAndroid(PN)~ThePowerBIappenablinguserstomonitorandaccess
theirbusinessdataandinteractwithandsharetheirPowerBIdashboardsandreportsfrom
Androiddevices.
PowerBIforMobile(PN)~ThePowerBIservicebundleincludingthenativeWindows,
Android,andiOSappstointeractwithPowerBIdashboardsandreports.
PowerBIforOffice365(PN)~Thecloud-based,businessintelligenceserviceforExcel
andOffice365.
PowerBIforOffice365Add-OnforE3/E4(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferfor
thecloud-basedadd-ontoOffice365forE3/E4forPowerBIthatishostedinthe
commercialcloudenvironment.
PowerBIforOffice365withSharePointOnline(Plan2)withYammer(Government
Pricing)(PN)~TheofferforOffice365forSharePoint(Plan2)forPowerBIthat
includesYammer,andthatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
PowerBIforOffice365withSharePointOnline(Plan2)withYammer(Government
Pricing)Trial(PN)~Thelimited-daytrialofferforgovernmentorganizationsforOffice
365forSharePoint(Plan2)forPowerBIthatincludesYammerandthatishostedinthe
commercialcloudenvironment.
PowerBIforWindows(PN)~ThePowerBIappenablinguserstomonitorandaccess
theirbusinessdataandinteractwithandsharetheirPowerBIdashboardsandreportsfrom
Windowsmobiledevices.
PowerBIPersonalGateway(PN)~Aaclientagentprovidingsecureconnectionsand
accesstopublicandon-premisesdatathroughaprivateconnectiontoAzure.
PowerBIPro(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~ThepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtoU.S.
governmentcustomerswiththefullrangeofPowerBIcapabilitiesincludingextended
datasourcesupport,enhanceddatarefreshoptions,andrichercollaborationandsharing.
PowerBIPro(GovernmentPricing)Trial(PN)~Alimited-periodfreeevaluation
versionofthepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtoU.S.governmentcustomerswiththefull
rangeofPowerBIcapabilitiesincludingextendeddatasourcesupport,enhanceddata
refreshoptions,andrichercollaborationandsharing.
PowerBIProDeveloper(MSDN)(PN)~ThepaidofferofPowerBItargetedto
developerswithaMSDNsubscription,withthefullrangeofPowerBIcapabilities
includingextendeddatasourcesupport,enhanceddatarefreshoptions,andricher
collaborationandsharing.
PowerBIProforfaculty(PN)~ThepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtocustomersfrom
academicinstitutions,withthefullrangeofPowerBIcapabilitiesincludingextendeddata
sourcesupport,enhanceddatarefreshoptions,andrichercollaborationandsharing.
PowerBIProforfacultyTrial(PN)~Apartialorlimitedversionforevaluationpurposes
ofthepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtocustomersfromacademicinstitutions,withthe
fullrangeofPowerBIcapabilities.
PowerBIProforNonprofits(PN)~ThepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtocustomers
fromnot-for-profitorganizationswiththefullrangeofPowerBIcapabilitiesincluding
extendeddatasourcesupport,enhanceddatarefreshoptions,andrichercollaborationand
sharing.
PowerBIProforNonprofitsTrial(PN)~Apartialorlimitedversionforevaluation
purposesofthepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtocustomersfromnot-for-profit
organizationswiththefullrangeofPowerBIcapabilities.
PowerBIProforstudents(PN)~ThepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtostudentswiththe
fullrangeofPowerBIcapabilitiesincludingextendeddatasourcesupport,enhanceddata
refreshoptions,andrichercollaborationandsharing.
PowerBIProforstudentsTrial(PN)~Apartialorlimitedversionforevaluation
purposesofthepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtostudentswiththefullrangeofPowerBI
capabilities.
PowerBIProTrial(PN)~Apartialorlimitedversionforevaluationpurposesofthepaid
offerofPowerBIwiththefullrangeofPowerBIcapabilities.
PowerBIPro-(userpurchased)(PN)~ThepaidofferofPowerBItargetedtouserswho
purchasedthe-€˜PowerBIforOffice365Add-On’orthe-€˜PowerBIforOffice365
Standalone’licenses,withthefullrangeofPowerBIcapabilitiesincludingextendeddata
sourcesupport,enhanceddatarefreshoptions,andrichercollaborationandsharing.
PowerBIProvisioningGuide(PN)~TheguideforITadministratorstolearnhowto
provisionPowerBI.
PowerBIservice(n)~Acloud-basedbusinessanalyticsservicefornon-technical
businessusers..
PowerBI-(free)(PN)~ThebasicversionofPowerBItogetstartedquicklyallowing
themtocreate,view,andsharepersonaldashboardsandreports,basedonthecapabilities
oftheconsuminguser,regardlessofwhocreatedorpublishedthecontent.
PowerBI-Pro(PN)~ThepaidofferofPowerBIwiththefullrangeofPowerBI
capabilitiesincludingextendeddatasourcesupport,enhanceddatarefreshoptions,and
richercollaborationandsharing.
Powerbutton(n)~Ahardwarebuttonorslideronallformfactorsthatcontrolsthepower
ofthePC.
powerconditioning(n)~Theprocessofremovingspikes,surges,sags,andnoisefrom
thepowersupplyandprovidingpowerwithoutinterruptions.
PowerEfficiencyDiagnostic(PN)~AWizard-basedinterfaceformaximizingbatterylife
basedonuserpreferences.
powermanagement(n)~Mechanismsinsoftwareandhardwaretominimizesystem
powerconsumption,managesystemthermallimits,andmaximizesystembatterylife.
Powermanagementinvolvestrade-offsamongsystemspeed,noise,batterylife,
processingspeed,andpowerconsumption.
PowerManagement(n)~Amenuitemthataccessesafeaturethatallowstheuserto
checkthebatteryandconfiguresettingsthatprolongbatterylife.
PowerMap(PN)~TheExcelfeaturethatallowsuserstoplotgeographicandtemporal
datavisually,analyzethatdatain3D,andcreateinteractivetourstosharewithothers.
poweroptimization(n)~Thecapabilitytoautomaticallyturnoffavirtualhostmachine
thatisnotneededtomeetresourcerequirementswithinahostclusterandthenturnthe
virtualhostmachinebackonwhenitisneededagain.
PowerOptions(n)~AControlPaneliconinWindowsVistathattakesusertothePower
Optionsdialogboxwheretheusercanmanagethebatterylifesettings.
PowerPivot(PN)~ASQLServeradd-inforExcel.
powerplan(n)~Agroupofpresetpower-managementoptions.Forexample,youcanset
elapsedtimesforputtingyourcomputeronstandbyandforturningoffyourmonitorand
harddisk.Yousavethesesettingsasanamedpowerscheme.
powerplan(n)~AgroupofWindows-basedpowersettingsthatyoucanapplyto
computersbyusingConfigurationManagerpowermanagement.
PowerQuery(PN)~TheExcelbusinessintelligenceadd-infocusedondatadiscovery
andaccess.
powerreader(n)~Aserverrolethatgrantsread-onlyaccesstoalldashboardelementson
thePerformancePointServerserver,andisprimarilyusedforalerts.Itenablesusersto
downloaddashboardelementsfromthePerformancePointServerserver.
powerscheme(n)~Agroupofpresetpower-managementoptions.Forexample,youcan
setelapsedtimesforputtingyourcomputeronstandbyandforturningoffyourmonitor
andharddisk.Yousavethesesettingsasanamedpowerscheme.
powertrendline(n)~Acurvedtrendlinethatisusedwithdatasetsthatcompare
measurementsthatincreaseataspecificrate.
PowerUsersgroup(n)~Agroupwhosememberscanmanageaccounts,resources,and
applicationsthatareinstalledonaworkstation,stand-aloneserver,ormemberserver.This
groupdoesnotexistondomaincontrollers.Administrativetasksthatcanbeperformedby
membersofthisgroupincludecreatinglocalusersandgroups;modifyinganddeleting
accountsthattheyhavecreated;removingusersfromthePowerUsers,Users,andGuests
groups;installingmostapplications;andcreatinganddeletingfileshares.
PowerView(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesrichvisualizationsforinteractivedata
exploration,presentationandreportinginSharePointandExcel.
poweredby(Adverb)~Pertainingtoaprocess,tool,etc.thatisenabledbyaparticular
technology.
poweredbyWindowsLive(oth)~Pertainingtoaprocess,tool,etc.thatisenabledby
WindowsLive.
powerlinenetwork(n)~Anetworkthatusesyourexistingelectricallinesinyourhome
oroffice,withouttheneedtoinstallspecialisednetworkcable.
Power-onpassword~Apasswordwhichthecomputerwillpromptyouforwheneverthe
computerisswitchedon,agoodsecuritymeasureprovidedyoudon’tforgetthepassword.
Power-onpasswordscanusuallyonlybebypassedbytakingthecomputertobits.
power-onselftest(n)~Asetofroutinesstoredinread-onlymemory(ROM)thattests
varioussystemcomponentssuchasRAM,thediskdrives,andthekeyboard,toseeifthey
areproperlyconnectedandoperating.Ifproblemsarefound,theseroutinesalerttheuser
withaseriesofbeepsoramessage,oftenaccompaniedbyadiagnosticnumericvalue.If
thePOSTissuccessful,itpassescontroltothebootstraploader.
PowerPC(n)~Amicroprocessorarchitecturedevelopedin1992byMotorolaandIBM,
withsomeparticipationbyApple.APowerPCmicroprocessorisRISC-basedand
superscalar,witha64-bitdatabusand32-bitaddressbus.Italsohasseparatedataand
instructioncaches,althoughthesizeofeachvariesbyimplementation.AllPowerPC
microprocessorshavemultipleintegerandfloating-pointunits.Thevoltageandoperating
speedvarieswiththeimplementation.StartingwiththePowerPC740,the
microprocessorsweremanufacturedwithcopper,insteadofaluminum,forbetter
performanceandreliability.
PowerPivot(PN)~ASQLServeradd-inforExcel.
PowerPivotdata(n)~ASQLServerAnalysisServicescubethatiscreatedandembedded
throughMicrosoftSQLServerPowerPivotforMicrosoftExcel.
PowerPivotforSharePoint(PN)~AMicrosoftSQLServertechnologythatprovides
queryprocessingandmanagementcontrolforPowerPivotworkbookspublishedto
SharePoint.
PowerPivotGallery(PN)~Aspecial-purposeSharePointdocumentlibrarythatprovides
richpreviewanddocumentmanagementforpublishedExcelworkbooksthatcontain
PowerPivotdataaswellasotherdocumenttypes.
PowerPivotservice(n)~AmiddletierserviceoftheAnalysisServicesSharePoint
integrationfeaturethatallocatesrequests,monitorsserveravailabilityandhealth,and
communicateswithotherservicesinthefarm.
PowerPivotserviceapplication(n)~AspecificconfigurationofthePowerPivotservice.
PowerPivotSystemService(PN)~ThewebserviceofPowerPivotforSharePointthat
enablesPowerPivotworkbookaccessandservermanagementinaSharePointfarm.
PowerPivotWebservice(n)~AWebservicethatperformsrequestredirectionfor
processingrequeststhataredirectedtoaPowerPivotEngineserviceinstancethatis
outsidethefarm.
PowerPivotworkbook(n)~AnExcel2010workbookthatcontainsPowerPivotdata.
Powerpoint~Averypopularprogramforcreatinggraphicalpresentations,mostlyfor
businessuse.AvailableseparatelyoraspartofMicrosoftOffice,Microsoft’sofficesuite.
PowerPoint2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofPowerPoint.
PowerPointadd-in(n)~AnoptionalLiveMeetingtoolthatallowsuserstocreateLive
MeetingslidesandaddapresenterphotoaspartofaMicrosoftPowerPointfile.
PowerPointforAndroid(PN)~TheversionofPowerPointthatrunsontheAndroid
operatingsystem.
PowerPointforiPad(PN)~TheversionofPowerPointthatrunsoniPad.
PowerPointforMac(PN)~TheversionofPowerPointtherunsontheMacoperating
system.
PowerPointforMacforOffice365(PN)~TheversionofPowerPointfromOffice365
thatrunsontheMacoperatingsystem.
PowerPointforMacPreview(PN)~ThepublicpreviewofPowerPointforMac.
PowerPointMobile2010(PN)~Theyear2010editionoftheMicrosoftpresentation
graphicsproductforcreatingpresentationsandaddinggraphiceffectslikemultimedia
objectsandspecialeffectswithtext,designedforusewithhandheldcomputingdevices.
PowerPointMobileClicker(PN)~APowerPointadd-inthatallowsyourmobiledevice
tobeusedtonavigatethroughaPowerPointpresentationonyourcomputer.
PowerPointMobileViewer(PN)~AviewerthatallowsuserstodisplayPowerPoint
presentationsonaphone’sbrowser.AfileisrenderedasanHTMLpagewithsufficient
fidelitytodisplayreadableslideandoutlineviewsonasmallscreen.
PowerPointOnlineViewer(PN)~APowerPointWebApptechnologythatenablesusers
toviewinfullfidelityaPowerPointdocumentthatisstoredonline.
PowerPointPreviewer(n)~Acontextmenuthatenablestheusertopreviewthecontents
ofafilewiththeOfficePreviewHandler(OPH)inOutlook(eitherdocumentsattachedto
emailorSharePointdocumentsinOutlook).
PowerPointrender(n)~AconverterthatsupportsdynamicviewingofPowerPoint
presentations(withanimation)inaWebenvironment.
PowerPointstatic(n)~AconverterthatsupportsstaticviewingofPowerPoint
presentations(withoutanimation)inaWebenvironment.
PowerPointXMLFormat(n)~TheformalnameforPowerPoint12fileformat.This
formathasanopen,royalty-freespecification,andisthetechnologylicensedtoexternal
parties.Thislicenseisthesubjectinthemessagingpointswhere-€œOpen,royalty-free
license-€?isdiscussed.
PowerShellGallery(PN)~?ThecentralrepositoryforWindowsPowerShellmodules
containingWindowsPowerShellcommandsandDesiredStateConfiguration(DSC)
resources.
PowerShellpipeobject(n)~InPowerShellscripting,thefileorprocesstowhichthe
script’soutputisdirected.
PowerShell-basedcacheadministrationtool(n)~Theexclusivemanagementtoolfor
WindowsServerAppFabric.Withmorethan130standardcommand-linetools,thisnew
administration-focusedscriptinglanguagehelpsyouachievemorecontroland
productivity.
PPD(PN)~PrearrangedPaymentsandDeposits(PPD)-AuniqueStandardEntryCode
(SEC)thatisusedtocreditordebitaconsumeraccount.Typicallyusedforpayrolldirect
depositsandpreauthorizedbillpayments.
PPI(n)~Ameasurementoftheclarityorfinenessofdetailofanimagedisplayedona
computermonitor.
PPP(n)~Asetofindustry-standardframingandauthenticationprotocolsthatareincluded
withWindowstoensureinteroperabilitywithotherremoteaccesssoftware.PPP
negotiatesconfigurationparametersformultiplelayersoftheOpenSystems
Interconnection(OSI)model.TheInternetstandardforserialcommunications,PPP
defineshowdatapacketsareexchangedwithotherInternet-basedsystemsusingamodem
connection.PPPisdocumentedinRFC1661.
PPPoE(n)~AspecificationforconnectingusersonanEthernetnetworktotheInternet
throughabroadbandconnection,suchasasingleDSLline,wirelessdevice,orcable
modem.UsingPPPoEandabroadbandmodem,LANuserscangainindividual
authenticatedaccesstohigh-speeddatanetworks.BycombiningEthernetandPoint-to-
PointProtocol(PPP),PPPoEprovidesanefficientwaytocreateaseparateconnectionfor
eachusertoaremoteserver.
PPSV(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainst23typesofpneumococcalbacteria.
PPTP(n)~Networkingtechnologythatsupportsmultiprotocolvirtualprivatenetworks
(VPNs),enablingremoteuserstoaccesscorporatenetworkssecurelyacrosstheInternetor
othernetworksbydialingintoanInternetserviceprovider(ISP)orbyconnectingdirectly
totheInternet.PPTPtunnels,orencapsulates,InternetProtocol(IP)orInternetwork
PacketExchange(IPX)trafficinsideIPpackets.Thismeansthatuserscanremotelyrun
applicationsthatdependonparticularnetworkprotocols.PPTPisdescribedinRFC2637.
PracticalExtractionandReportLanguage(n)~Aninterpretedlanguage,basedonC
andseveralUNIXutilities.Perlhaspowerfulstring-handlingfeaturesforextracting
informationfromtextfiles.Perlcanassembleastringandsendittotheshellasa
command;therefore,itisoftenusedforsystemadministrationtasks.AprograminPerlis
knownasascript.PerlwasdevisedbyLarryWallattheNASAJetPropulsionLaboratory.
practice(n)~Arepeatableprocessthatimprovesormaintainsperformance.
Pranks(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#23.
preamplifier(n)~Anelectronicdevicethatincreasestheoutputlevelofasignaltomatch
therequiredsignalinputlevelofanotherdevice.
preauthorizeddebit(n)~Awithdrawalfromacustomer’saccounttopaybillsormake
loanpaymentsthatisinitiatedbyacompanyorfinancialinstitutionwhichhasthe
customer’swrittenauthoritytodoso.
pre-boot(oth)~BeforeWindowsloads.
Pre-BootEXecutionEnvironment(n)~AremoteboottechnologybasedonDynamic
HostConfigurationProtocol(DHCP)thatisusedtostartorinstallanoperatingsystemon
aclientcomputerfromaremoteserver.AWDSServerisanexampleofaPXEServer.
precedence(n)~Theorderinwhichoperatorsareevaluatedinanexpression,tasksare
performedorrulesareapplied.Forexample,inamathematicalexpression,multiplication
anddivisionareperformedfirst,followedbyadditionandsubtraction.
precedence~thepropertyofarithmeticoperationsthatdetermineswhichoperationsare
donefirstinacomplexexpression.
precedenceconstraint(n)~Acontrolflowelementthatconnectstasksandcontainers
intoasequencedworkflow.
precedent(n)~Acellthatisreferredtobyaformulainanothercell.Forexample,ifcell
D10containstheformula=B5,cellB5isaprecedenttocellD10.
Pre-ChatQuestions(n)~AseriesofquestionsthatCustomersareaskedwhenthey
initiateaChatRequest.
precisiontouchpad(n)~Atouchpadthatprovidesaconsistent,accurate,andresponsive
experienceforusers.
precompilation(n)~TheprocessofsubmittinganentireWebsitetoacompiler.The
resultingWebsiteoutputrunswithoutneedingtobecompiledonfirstrequestanddoes
notrequiresourcecodetobedeployedtoaproductionserver.
precompiledheader(n)~Incomputerprogramming,anoptimizationdevelopedfor
command-linecompilerswherea(CorC++)headerfileiscompiledintoanintermediate
formthatisfastertoprocessforthecompiler.
precomposedcharacter(n)~Asinglecharacterthatrepresentsasequenceofcharacters,
usuallyacombinationofabasecharacterandoneormorediacritics.
precomputedpartition(n)~Aperformanceoptimizationthatcanbeusedwithfiltered
mergepublications.
predecessor(n)~Anactivitythatoccursbeforeanotheractivityinaseries.Apredecessor
canbe,butisnotalways,aprerequisite.
predefinedbookmark(n)~AbookmarkthatMicrosoftWordautomaticallysetsineach
document.Forexample,the\Selpredefinedbookmarkreferstothecurrentselectionorthe
insertionpoint.
predefineddimension(n)~Adimensionthatisassignedacertaindimensiontypethatis
recognizedbyPerformancePointPlanningServer.Predefineddimensionshavespecific
memberpropertiesandbehaviorsassociatedwiththem;forexample,TimeorAccount.
predefinedkey(n)~Akeythatrepresentsoneofthemaindivisionsoftheregistry.Each
predefinedkeyisdisplayedinaseparateRegistryEditorwindow,withthekey’sname
appearinginthewindow’stitlebar.Forexample,HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTisa
predefinedkey.
predefinedobject(n)~Asystem-generatedobject.
predefinedrule(n)~Asystem-generatedrule.
pre-deploymentscript(n)~Asetofzeroormoreuser-specifieddatabasescriptsthatare
executedinaspecificorderbeforethedatabasedeploymentscriptisexecuted.
predicate(n)~InExchangeServer2007,afunctionthatisusedasaconditionor
exceptiononatransportruletodeterminewhetheranactionshouldbeappliedtoane-
mailmessage.
predictablecolumn(n)~Adataminingcolumnthatthealgorithmwillbuildamodel
aroundbasedonvaluesoftheinputcolumns.Besidesservingasanoutputcolumn,a
predictablecolumncanalsobeusedasinputforotherpredictablecolumnswithinthe
sameminingstructure.
prediction(n)~Adataminingtechniquethatanalyzesexistingdataandusestheresultsto
predictvaluesofattributesfornewrecordsormissingattributesinexistingrecords.For
example,existingcreditapplicationdatacanbeusedtopredictthecreditriskforanew
application.
PredictionCalculator(PN)~Anewreportthatisbasedonlogisticregressionanalysis
andthatpresentseachcontributingfactortogetherwithascorecalculatedbythe
algorithm.Thereportispresentedbothasaworksheetthathelpsyouenterdataandmake
calculationsoftheprobableoutcomes,andasaprintedreportthatdoesthesamething.
predictiveanalytics(n)~Avarietyofstatisticaltechniquesfrommodeling,machine
learning,anddataminingthatanalyzecurrentandhistoricalfactstomakepredictions
aboutfuture,orotherwiseunknown,events.
PredictiveAnalytics~describeanyapproachtodataminingwiththreeattributes:rapid
analysismeasuredinhoursordays
predictiveframe(n)~InMPEGandWMVcompression,aframethatiscomposedof
datafrompreviousframes.
pre-encumbrance(n)~Acommitmentmadebymanagementtoreservebudgetfundsfor
expenditurerequests.
pre-event(adj)~Occurringbeforeacoresystemoperationoccurs.
pre-event(n)~Asynchronouseventwhosehandlerrunscompletelybeforetheactionthat
raisedtheeventstarts.
preferenceitem(n)~AnobjectcontainingGroupPolicysettingsrelatedtoapreference
extensioninaGroupPolicyobject(GPO).Eachpreferenceextensionallowsyoutocreate
oneormoretypesofpreferenceitem.Eachtypehasdifferentproperties.AGPOcan
containmultiplepreferenceitemsforeachpreferenceextension.
preferencevariable(n)~AvariablethatcustomizesthebehaviorofWindows
PowerShell.
Preferences(PN)~ThebuttoninYammerthatdirectsuserstowheretheycanchange
theiraccountsettings.
preferreddistributionpoint(n)~Adistributionpointwithanassociatedboundarygroup
thatincludestheclient’scurrentlocationonthenetwork.
preferredlanguage(n)~Alanguageselectedbytheuserforviewingmenus,dialog
boxes,messages,andHelpfiles.Ifnoneisselected,thesystem-preferredlanguageis
displayed.
preferredowner(n)~Thenodeonwhichyouprefereachgrouptorun.
preferredsender(n)~Thesenderspecifiedinthepackagepropertiestousewhensending
thepackagetoachildsite.
preferredserver(n)~TheNetWareserverthatyouconnecttobydefaultwhenyoulogon
toyourcomputer.Thepreferredservervalidatesyourusercredentialsandisqueriedwhen
yourequestinformationaboutresourcesavailableontheNetWarenetwork.
pre-filter(n)~AfilterthatexcludesaneventfromfurtherprocessingbyMicrosoft
OperationsManager2005.Theeventisnotinsertedinthedatabase.
prefixcharacters(n)~Asetof1to4bytesthatprefixeachdatafieldinanative-format
bulk-copydatafile.
prefixlength(n)~Thenumberofprefixcharactersprecedingeachnoncharacterfieldina
bcpnativeformatdatafile.
prefixpattern(n)~Thebeginningbytesinagivenstreamofbytes.
pre-freightamount(n)~Themonetarytotalamountthatiscalculatedfromthedetail
amountafterthepercentageorderdiscountandorderdiscountamountarededucted.
preinstallation(n)~Theactofinstallingandconfiguringaprogramonnewcomputers
thatarethendistributedtoendusers.
preliminarydatavalidation(n)~Theprocessofvalidatingdatabeforeitisprocessed.
Thisvalidationhelpsdetectandexcludesomeerrorsfromtheintendedprocess,which
mightbetheimportormigrationofusersusingaCSVfile,forexample.
preload(v)~Toloadcontentinthebackgroundbeforeauserseesit.
PremierSupport(PN)~ThehighestMicrosoftAzuresupportplanwithcustomized
features.
Premium(PN)~AsubscriptionthatgrantsusersaPremiumaccount,thatincludesaccess
toenhancedSkypefeaturessuchasgroupvideocalling,groupscreensharing,andlive
chatcustomersupport.
Premium(5GB)(PN)~TheunitofmeasureforfiveGBofcacheconsumedduringuse
ofthePremiumeditionofMicrosoftAzureCache.
Premiumaccount(n)~AtypeofpaidaccountthatincludesaccesstoenhancedSkype
featuressuchasgroupvideocalling,groupscreensharing,andlivechatcustomersupport.
PremiumApps(n)~Aresourceofthe‘ApplicationInsights’servicetypeofthe‘Visual
Studio’serviceformonitoringtheavailability,performance,andusageofpaidapps
throughanAzureimplementation.
PremiumBatch(n)~ThePremiumtierfortheMicrosoftAzureservicethatenableslarge
amountsofdiscrete,compute-intensivebatchesoftaskstobeeasilyexecutedinAzure.
Typicalworkloadsincludemediatranscoding,rendering,testsuiteexecution,simulations,
imageanalysis,andfileprocessing.
PremiumBizTalkunit(n)~Aunitofmeasureforthecomputecapacityandmemory
usedbythePremiumtierofMicrosoftAzureBizTalkServices.
PremiumEdition(PN)~TheeditionofMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabasethatoffersaccess
tobuilt-inbusiness-classfunctionalityandreservedcapacity.
PremiumforMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabase(PN)~TheeditionofMicrosoftAzure
SQLDatabasethatoffersaccesstobuilt-inbusiness-classfunctionalityandreserved
capacity.
PremiumforSQLDatabase(PN)~TheeditionofMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabasethat
offersaccesstobuilt-inbusiness-classfunctionalityandreservedcapacity.
PremiumLargeAppServiceHours(PN)~AnAzureresourceoftheAzureAppService
service,providingaunitofmeasureoftimeforthehigherlevelofservice.
PremiumMediumAppServiceHours(PN)~AnAzureresourceoftheAzureApp
Serviceservice,providingaunitofmeasureoftimeforthemiddlelevelofservice.
PremiumOrigin-StreamedHours(PN)~ThepremiumresourcefortheMediaServices
servicetypeoftheMediaservicemeasuredperhourstreamedfromtheorigin,perbitrate.
PremiumOverageDataPoints(1M)(n)~Apremiumunitofmeasurefor‘Pay-As-You-
Go’billingfortheSQLDataWarehouseservicetypebasedonbandwithusageusing1M
asbaseline.
PremiumOverageEvents(n)~Aresourceofthe‘ApplicationInsights’servicetypeof
the‘VisualStudio’serviceforanamountofMicrosoftAzureservicesusagethatis
consumedinexcessofacustomer’scommitmentlimit.
PremiumP1SecondaryActiveGeoDatabaseDays(PN)~TheresourceoftheMedia
ServicesservicetypeoftheMediaservice,forthePremiumSQLDatabaseeditionandthe
servicelevelP1,whichsupportsactivegeo-replicationtoasecondaryactivedatabaseand
whichischargedindatabasedays.
PremiumP1SecondaryGeoDatabaseDays(PN)~TheresourceoftheMediaServices
servicetypeoftheMediaservice,forthePremiumSQLDatabaseeditionandtheservice
levelP1,whichsupportsgeo-replicationandwhichischargedindatabasedays.
PremiumP3DatabaseDays(PN)~TheresourcefortheSQLDatabaseservice.
PremiumPnDatabaseDays(PN)~ApurchaseandperformancelevelfortheSQL
Database’servicedesigned.Pstandsfor‘Premium’whiletheadjacentnumber‘n’
indicatestheservicelevelcorrespondingtodatabasethroughput.’
PremiumPnSecondaryGeoDatabaseDays(PN)~Apurchaseandperformancelevel
fortheSQLDatabase’servicedesigned.Pstandsfor‘Premium’whiletheadjacentnumber
‘n’indicatestheservicelevelwiththecreationofactivesecondarydatabasesinanyAzure
region.’
PremiumReport(n)~Amoreadvancedcollectionandrepresentationofdatathathelps
CSRskeeptrackofKeyPerformanceIndicators(KPIs).PremiumReportsallowCSRsto
manipulatedataonamorespecificlevelandcustomizereportsinordertodisplaydata
thatismorerelevanttotheirspecificusecase.
PremiumSmallAppServiceHours(PN)~AnAzureresourceoftheAzureAppService
service,providingaunitofmeasureoftimeforthelowerlevelofservice.
PremiumStorage(PN)~AnSSD-basedstorageofferinglowlatencyandhighthroughput
designedtosupportdemandingenterpriseworkloadinthecloud,suitableforI/Ointensive
applications.
PremiumVMSupporthour(n)~AunitofmeasureoftimeforthePremiumlevelof
supportforavirtualmachine.
prenote(n)~Azero-currencytransactionsenttoabanktoconfirmtheaccuracyofrouting
andaccountinformation.
pre-order(n)~AnorderforanSKUthatiscurrentynotavailablefordelivery.
pre-order(v)~ToorderanSKUthatiscurrentynotavailablefordelivery.
Pre-OrderLimit(n)~Thevaluebelowzerobeyondwhichitisnotprudenttotakepre-
orders.Pre-orderingcannotoccurbeyondthisvalue.Thisistorestrictoversellingand
therebypreventingfailuretofulfill.
pre-ordertraversal(n)~Theactofrecursivelytraversinganon-emptybinarytreeby
visitingtherootnodefirst,thentheleftsubtree,thentherightsubtree.
Pre-orders(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemsyoucanpurchasebeforetheirstreetdate.
prepaidcard(n)~Aphysicalcardthatrepresentsaspecificvalueoramountofservice
forwhichtheuserhaspaidinadvance.
prepaidcardcode(n)~Theunique,25-charactercodeonaprepaidcardthatadds
computerusetimetoyourprepaidcomputerorthatpaysforyoursubscription.
prepaidcomputer(n)~AcomputerrunningWindowsforPrepaidComputers.
Prepaidrenewal(n)~ReactivationofaMicrosoftOfficePrepaideditionsubscription.
PreparationofanOpeningBalanceSheetattheDateofTransitiontoIFRS(n)~A
templatethataddresses,fromaFinance&Accountingperspective,thesignificant
activitiesrequiredofcompaniestopreparetheiropeningbalancesheetatthedateof
transitiontoIFRSwithinthecontextofaconversionfrompreviousGenerallyAccepted
AccountingPrinciples(GAAP)toInternationalFinancialReportingStandards(IFRS).
Prepare(v)~Amenuitemwithoptionsthatcanbeappliedtoafilebeforeitisshared
withothers(e.g.‘MarkasFinal’or‘AddaDigitalSignature’).
prepareaconversation(v)~Tosetuptheparticipantsofacallorinstantmessageprior
toplacingthecallorsendingtheinstantmessage.
preparedconversation(n)~Aconversationinwhichyouhavesetuptheparticipants
priortoplacingthecallorsendingtheinstantmessage.
preparer(n)~Thepersonwhocreatesasourcedocumenttoinitiatearequestfor
economicresources.
prepay(v)~Topayachargeinadvance.
Pre-Pay(n)~Asubscriptionofferfor6monthsof12monthscommitmentplansinwhich
theuserpaysinadvancefortheentiretermandgetanadditionaldiscount.
prepayment(n)~Anamountpaidforsomethingthatisnotyetreceived.
Prepayment%(n)~Thefieldthatindicatesthepercentageofthesalesinvoiceamount
thatacustomerhastoprepay.
prepaymentamountdeducted(n)~Theprepaymentamountthathasbeendeductedfrom
ordinaryinvoices(thatis,notprepaymentinvoices)forasalesorpurchaseline.
prepaymentamountinvoiced(n)~Theprepaymentamountthathasalreadybeen
invoicedforasalesorpurchaseline.
prepaymentinvoice(n)~Theinvoicecreatedforacustomerfortheamounttobeprepaid
onasalesorderortheinvoicereceivedfortheamounttobeprepaidonapurchaseorder.
prepaymentjournalvoucher(n)~Anamountthatispaidforitemsorservicesthathave
notbeenreceived.
prepaymentpercentage(n)~Thepercentageofthesalesinvoiceamountthatacustomer
hastoprepay.
prepmt(n)~Anamountpaidforsomethingthatisnotyetreceived.
prepopulation(n)~Aprocessofimportingprepareddatausingasoftwareprocedure
ratherthantheenduserenteringtheinformation.
preprocessingperiod(n)~Thethreetofivedayperiodbeforethebeginningofthenext
billingcycle.Ifautomatedsubscriptionrenewalisactivated,theProvisioningServer
automaticallygeneratesthenextscheduledprovisioningpacketandmakesitavailablefor
thesubscriptioncomputer.
preprocessor(n)~Atextprocessorthatmanipulatesthetextofasourcefileaspartofthe
firstphaseoftranslation.Thepreprocessordoesnotparsethesourcetext,butitdoesbreak
itupintotokensforthepurposeoflocatingmacrocalls.Althoughthecompilerordinarily
invokesthepreprocessorinitsfirstpass,thepreprocessorcanalsobeinvokedseparately
toprocesstextwithoutcompiling.
preroll(v)~Tocaptureorplayanumberofvideoframesoraportionofaudiodatabefore
encodingorrenderingbegins,inordertoallowthesourcedevicetostablize.
preroll(n)~Theportionofdatatobeprerolled.
prescription(n)~Awrittendirectionforthepreparationanduseofamedicine.
presence(n)~Acollectionofattributesthatprovidesanindicationofaperson’sstatus,
activity,location,willingnesstocommunicate,andcontactinformation.
presence(n)~Anattributethatprovidesanindicationofaperson’sstatus.
presenceawareness(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertoseewhenpeopleareworking
inaworkspace,online,oroffline
presenceicon(n)~Acolor-codediconthatindicatesauser’spresence.
presenceinformation(n)~Acollectionofattributesthatprovidesanindicationofa
person’sstatus,activity,location,willingnesstocommunicate,andcontactinformation.
presencestatus(n)~Oneoftheattributesthatmakesuppresenceandthatindicatesa
person’savailabilityandwillingnesstocommunicate.
Presenceunknown(PN)~Pertainingtoauserforwhomnoinformationisknown.The
usermightnotevenexist,ortherecouldbeatypointheSIPaddress.
PresentOnline(v)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstopresentadocumenttoremoteviewers
inawebbrowserorinLync.
presentation(n)~Asetofslidesthatareimportedorcreatedfordisplayinameeting.
presentationarea(n)~Thepartoftheclientwherepresentationcontentisdisplayed.
presentationbroadcast(n)~AfeaturethatallowsyoutorunapresentationovertheWeb.
ThepresentationissavedinHTMLformatandcancontainaudioandvideo.Itcanalsobe
recordedandsavedtobeviewedlater.
PresentationClicker(PN)~APowerPointadd-inthatallowsyourmobiledevicetobe
usedtonavigatethroughaPowerPointpresentationonyourcomputer.
presentationlayer(n)~LayersixoftheOSImodel.Anetworklayerthattranslatesdata
fromtheapplicationlayerintoanintermediaryformat.Thislayeralsomanagessecurity
issuesbyprovidingsuchservicesasdataencryption,andcompressesdatasothatfewer
bitsneedtobetransferredonthenetwork.
PresentationLayer~TheOSIlayerthatdetermineshowapplicationinformationis
representedorencodedwhileintransitbetweentwoendsystems.
presentationmodel(n)~Adatamodelthataggregatesdatafrommultipleentitiesinthe
dataaccesslayer.Itisusedtoavoiddirectlyexposinganentitytotheclientproject.
presentationpackage(n)~Apackagecontainingeverythingyouneedtoshowoneor
manyPowerPointpresentationsonanothercomputer.Thispackagecanbesavedtoa
folderorburnedtoaCD.
Presentationpanel(n)~TheLiveMeetingconsoleelementthatdisplaystheslidesina
LiveMeetingpresentation.
presentationsection(n)~Alabeledgroupofconsecutiveslidesthathelpstheuser
navigateandorganizepresentations.
Presentationtoolbar(n)~Atoolbarthatcontainstoolsthatpresenterscanuseduringa
meeting.
presentation-levelguide(n)~Aguidethatappliestoallslidesinapresentation.
presenter(n)~Ameetingparticipantwhocandoallsharingactivities,including
presenting,showing,sharing,andwhiteboard,andadmitparticipantsfromthelobby.
presenterkey(n)~Ameetingkeythatisusedbymeetingpresenters.
presenterphoto(n)~AGIFimagefilethatcanbedisplayedintheNowPresentingpane
duringapresentationusingthePowerPointadd-in.
presenterprivileges(n)~Privilegesthatenableameetingorganizerorparticipantto
displaydocuments,applications,andwhiteboardnotestootherparticipants.
presentertools(n)~Asetoftoolsthatpresenterscanusetocreateandpresentresources.
PresenterView(n)~Aviewfordeliveringapresentationthatprovidesthepresenterwith
additionaloptionsforviewingandcontrollingitsdelivery.
preservationholdlibrary(n)~ASharePointdocumentlibraryinwhichcontentisstored
afterbeingdeletedormodifiedsothatitcanbeaccessedforelectronicdiscoveryorother
legalpurposes.
preset-tocallback(oth)~Aformofsecurityinwhicharemoteaccessserververifies
usersbycallingthembackatnumberssuppliedbythenetworkadministratoratthetime
userprivilegesaregranted.Onlyanetworkadministratorcanchangeapresetcallback
number.Thisensuresthatnoonecanborrowauser’spasswordandconnecttotheserver
fromalocationotherthantheuser’snormalone.
Pre-sharedkey(PN)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertoviewthecodethatcanbeusedto
authenticateIPSec/L2TPconnections(typicallyVPNconnections).
preshutdown(n)~AfeatureofVista,whereservicesarealertedofanupcoming
shutdownsotheyhavetimetocloseactivitiesandclean-upresources.
preshutdowntime-out(n)~Aspecifiedtimetheservicecontrolmanagerwillwaitbefore
precedingwithothershutdownactions.
pressandhold(v)~Toperformanactionthatentailspressingafingerorthetipofapen
tothescreen,holdingitdownuntilamouseiconormenuappears,andthenliftingthe
fingerorpen.Pressingandholdingisequivalenttoright-clickingwithamouse.
pressandhold(v)~Toplaceafingeronthescreenandholditthereforapartofasecond
ormore.
pressandhold(n)~Agesturerepresentedbyplacingafingeronthescreenandholdingit
thereforapartofasecondormore
pressedappearance(n)~Thevisualdisplayforanobject,suchasacontrol,whenitis
beingpressed.
pressuresensitive(adj)~Oforpertainingtoadeviceinwhichpressingonathinsurface
producesanelectricalconnectionandcausesaneventtoberegisteredbythecomputer.
Pressure-sensitivedevicesincludetouch-sensitivedrawingpens,membranekeyboards,
andsometouchscreens.
pressuresensitivity(n)~AnoptionalhardwarefeatureonaTabletPCthatyoucanuseto
createathickerinkstrokebyincreasingpressureonthetabletpen.
pressuretrail(n)~ThetraildrawnwiththePaintbrushtool.Thesizeofthetraildepends
onthepressureappliedtothedrawingtool(e.g.stylus).
prestage(v)~Tocreateacompressedcontentfilethatcontainsthefilesandassociated
metadataforcopyingtothecontentlibraryonasiteserveroradistributionpointbefore
distribution.
pre-stagedclient(n)~AcomputeraccountobjectthatiscreatedwithinActiveDirectory
DomainServices(ADDS)beforetheoperatingsystemofthecomputerisinstalled.
prestartcommand(n)~Ascriptoranexecutablefilethatsupportsoperatingsystem
deploymentandthatcaninteractwiththeuserinWindowsPEbeforeatasksequence
runs.
pre-taxdeduction(n)~Abenefitontaxableincometoreducethetaxthatanemployeeis
liabletopayongrosswages.
preview(n)~AplaceholderontheStartscreenthatrepresentsanappnotyetinstalledon
thePC.
Preview(PN)~TheSwayviewthatallowstheusertoseewhattheSwaywouldlookand
behaveliketoanyoneelsereadingitbyswitchingfromtheeditviewtothereadingview.
previewbuild(n)~AbuildthatisinstalledaspartoftheWindowsInsiderProgram.
previewhandler(n)~Ahandlerthatdisplaysalightweight,read-onlypreviewofafile’s
contentswithoutlaunchingtheapplicationassociatedwiththefile.Forexample,a
previewhandlerdisplaysaShellitemintheWindowsExplorerpreviewpane.
previewinstance(n)~Anon-productioninstanceofCRMOnlineintendedforthesole
purposeofpreviewingfuturereleasesofCRMOnline.(Betas,etc-€¦)
previewpane(n)~Anareaofthewindowthatdisplaysalimitedviewofsearchresultsor
othercontent.
PreviewPane(n)~Awindowinane-mailprogramwhereyoucanpreviewanitem
withoutopeningit.
previewupdate(n)~AnupdatetoapreviewbuildthatispartoftheWindowsInsider
Program.
Previous(adj)~Anavigationbuttonusedtogotothepreviouspageinwizards.
PRF(n)~Afunctionthattakesakey,label,andseedasinput,thenproducesanoutputof
arbitrarylength.
PRI(n)~AbinaryfileusedinWindowsStoreappstostoreresourcesforalllanguages,
cultures,andscalefactors.
price(n)~Avalue,usuallyacurrencyamount,thatisassignedtogoodsortoservices.
price(n)~Themarketvalueorexchangevalueofaproduct.
priceadjustment(n)~Amodificationtoaquotedprice.
priceadjustment(n)~Anautomaticupdateofthepriceofaserviceitembasedonthe
setupofservicepriceadjustmentgroups.
pricecheck(n)~Theprocessoflookingupaprice.
pricediscount(n)~Adiscountappliedtoaquotedprice.
pricegroup(n)~Thepriceofanycosttype(hour,expense,orfee)thatisassignedtoa
specificgroupofcustomersorallcustomers.
pricelist(n)~Acompilationofthespecificpricesthatcanbechargedforeachunitinthe
unitgroupofaproduct.
pricelistitem(n)~Theindividualelementsthatrepresenttheproductandpropertiesthat
composeapricelist.
pricematchvariance(n)~Amatchingdiscrepancybetweentheinvoicenetunitpriceof
oneormorelineitemsonavendorinvoiceandthepurchaseordernetunitpriceonthe
relatedpurchaseorder.
Priceperequity(n)~Infinancialtheory,thereturnthatstockholdersrequirefora
company.Afirm’scostofequityrepresentsthecompensationthatthemarketdemandsin
exchangeforowningtheassetandbearingtheriskofownership.
pricequote(n)~Aformalofferforproductsorservices,proposedatspecificpricesand
relatedpaymentterms.
pricetier(n)~Apricethatreflectsarepresentativevalueinothercurrencies.Thespecific
priceofapricetierthatisshowninonecurrencywillbeclosetothecorrespondingprice
inanothercurrency.Foreignexchange,differencesintaxationpolicies,andothermarket
factorsinfluencethedeterminationofapricetier’spricethatisshowninanothercurrency.
pricetolerancepercentage(n)~Thepercentageofvariancethatisallowablebetweenthe
pricesonapurchaseorderandavendorinvoicethatareusedforinvoicematching.
priceunit(n)~Thequantityofitemsforwhichapriceisset.
pricevariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenanexpectedpriceandanactualprice.
pricevariancepercentage(n)~Theactualpercentageofvariancebetweenapurchase
orderandavendorinvoice,calculatedasfollows:Forpositivelines=(Invoicenetunit
price-Purchaseordernetunitprice)/Purchaseordernetunitprice;fornegativelines=
(Invoicenetunitprice-Purchaseordernetunitprice)*-1/Purchaseordernetunitprice
pricevariancetolerance(n)~Theallowabledifferenceinpricesbetweenpurchaseorder
linesandvendorinvoicelinesthatareusedforinvoicematching.
Price/BookValue(PN)~Avaluationratiousedbyinvestorswhichcomparesastock’s
per-shareprice(marketvalue)toitsbookvalue(shareholders’equity).
pricingcategory(n)~Acategoryinwhicheveryproductgetsthepricefromthecategory.
Thatis,thecategoryoverrulesthepriceassignedattheproductlevel.
PricingMethod(n)~Alabelonadrop-downlistonthePriceListItemforminwhich
youselecthowthepricingwillbedone.
pricingtier(n)~ApurchaselevelforanAzureserviceofferingbasedonthefeaturesand
servicesitmakesavailable.
primarybuffer(n)~Abufferinwhichalldataismixedforthefinaltimeandthenpassed
totherenderingdevice.
primarybusinesscontact(n)~ThemainbusinesscontactlinkedtoanAccount.
primarycalendar(n)~ThecalendarselectedintheregionalsettingsinWindowsControl
Panel,orthesystemcalendar.
primaryclientcomputer(n)~Aclientcomputeronwhichsynchronizationtakesplace.
primarydatabase(n)~Aread-writedatabasecontainingtheactivedataofanapplication.
primarydevice(n)~Asoftwaredeploymentconditionthatdefinesoneormoredevices
thataspecificuseruses.Aprimarydeviceistypicallydeterminedeitherbyfrequencyof
useorbybusinessrequirements.
primarydimensiontable(n)~Inasnowflakeschemainadatawarehouse,adimension
tablethatisdirectlyrelatedto,andusuallyjoinedto,thefacttable.
Primarydisk(n)~Theharddiskdrivethatcontainsthesystemandbootpartitionsusedto
startWindows.
primarydomaincontroller(n)~AcomputerrunningWindowsNT4.0Serverthat
authenticateslogonsandmaintainsthedirectorydatabaseforaWindowsNT4.0domain.
AprimarydomaincontrollerisnotusedinaWindows2000domain.Instead,onedomain
controllerisdesignatedastheprimarydomaincontrolleremulatorforbackward
compatibility.
primaryDPMserver(n)~ADPMserverthatprotectsfileorapplicationdatasources.
primarye-mailaddress(n)~Thee-mailaddressthatappearsintheE-MailOptions
sectionoftheuser’smailboxintheWebmanagementinterfaceforOutlookLive.
primaryfeatureblock(n)~Theminimumcontentinanapplicationpackagethatis
necessaryforanapplicationtorun.Thecontentintheprimaryfeatureblockisidentified
duringtheapplicationphaseofsequencingandtypicallyconsistsofthecontentforthe
mostusedapplicationfeatures.
primaryinteropassembly(n)~AnassemblycontainingdefinitionsofCOMtypesthatis
distributedanddigitallysignedbytheauthoroftheCOMcomponent.VisualStudiousesa
registeredprimaryinteropassemblybydefaultwhenadeveloperreferencesatypeinthe
correspondingtypelibrary.
primarykey(n)~Oneormorefieldsthatuniquelyidentifyeachrecordinatable.Inthe
samewaythatalicenseplatenumberidentifiesacar,theprimarykeyuniquelyidentifiesa
record.
primarykey(n)~Acandidatekeythatisselectedtobetheprincipleidentifierfor
uniquelyidentifyingrecordsinadatabasetable.
primaryManagementServer(n)~Theserverthatanagent-managedcomputeris
specificallyassignedtocommunicatewith.
primarymapping(n)~ThemainmappingthatassociatestheUNIXusernametooneof
severalWindowsusernameswhoarebothassociatedwithoneUNIXusername.
primarymaster(n)~AnauthoritativeDNSserverforazonethatcanbeusedasapoint
ofupdateforthezone.Onlyprimarymastershavetheabilitytobeupdateddirectlyto
processzoneupdates,whichincludeadding,removing,ormodifyingresourcerecordsthat
arestoredaszonedata.Primarymastersarealsousedasthefirstsourcesforreplicating
thezonetootherDNSservers.
primarymousebutton(n)~Thebuttononyourpointingdevicethatyouusemostoften
forclickinganddouble-clicking.
primaryparentcategory(n)~Theparentcategoryofaproductorcategorythatisused
todeterminethecanonicalpathtothatproductorcategory,ortoapplycategorylevel
pricingrulestothecategoryorproduct.
primarypartition(n)~Atypeofpartitioncreatedonbasicdisksthatcanhostan
operatingsystemandfunctionsasthoughitwereaphysicallyseparatedisk.
primaryprotection(n)~Atypeofprotectioninwhichdataontheprotectedserveris
directlyprotectedbyaprimaryDPMServer.
primaryregion(n)~AnAzureregionwheretheactivegeo-replicationprimarydatabase
resides.
primaryreplica(n)~Anavailabilityreplicathatmakestheprimarydatabasesofan
availabilitygroupavailableforread-writeconnectionsfromclientsandsendstransaction
logrecordsforeachprimarydatabasetoeverysecondaryreplica.
primaryserver(n)~Inalogshippingconfiguration,theserverinstancewherethe
primarydatabaseresides.
primarysite(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagersitethathasaccesstoaSQLServer
database.
primarystoragedevice(n)~Astoragedevicethatholdsdataintemporarymemorysuch
asRAM.
primarytable(n)~Theone’sideoftworelatedtablesinaone-to-manyrelationship.A
primarytableshouldhaveaprimarykeyandeachrecordshouldbeunique.’
primarytoken(n)~Anaccesstokenassignedtoaprocesstorepresentthedefault
informationforthatprocess.Itisusedinsecurityoperationsbyathreadworkingon
behalfoftheprocessitselfratherthanonbehalfofaclient.
primaryunit(n)~Themeasurementusedtodefinethemostcommonlysoldunitofa
product.
primaryuser(n)~Themainuserofadevice.(Adevicecanhavemorethanoneprimary
user.)
primaryvirtualmachine(n)~Avirtualmachinehostedontheprimaryserverand
replicatedtothemachinesontheReplicaserver.
primarywindow(n)~Thewindowinwhichthemaininteractionwithanobjecttakes
place.
primaryzone(n)~Acopyofthezonethatisadministeredlocally.
Primetime(PN)~Blockofbroadcastprogrammingtakingplaceduringthemiddleofthe
eveningfortelevisionprogramming.
primitive(n)~Incomputergraphics,ashape,suchasaline,circle,curve,orpolygon,that
canbedrawn,stored,andmanipulatedasadiscreteentitybyagraphicsprogram.A
primitiveisoneoftheelementsfromwhichalargegraphicdesigniscreated.
primordialpool(n)~Astoragepoolthatexposesphysicaldisksthatarecurrently
availableforinclusioninastoragepoolonaparticularstoragesubsystem.
Primus(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#108.
principal(n)~InWindows-basedcomputers,anaccount(suchasauser,securitygroup,
device,orcomputer)thatcanbegrantedordeniedaccesstoresources.
principaldatabase(n)~Indatabasemirroring,aread-writedatabasewhosetransaction
logiscontinuouslysenttothemirrorserver,whichrestoresthelogtothemirrordatabase.
principalserver(n)~Indatabasemirroring,thepartnerwhosedatabaseiscurrentlythe
principaldatabase.
principle(n)~Basicbeliefsandassumptionsthatdefineamethodologyorprocess.
Principlesforthedataaccessandthetestabilityofdigitaldocuments(n)~AGerman
lawthatrequirestaxauthoritiestobecapableofdigitallycheckingdatafromelectronic
bookkeepingsystems.
print(v)~Incomputing,tosendinformationtoaprinter.
PrintandDocumentServices(PN)~Aserverrolethatenablesyoutocentralizeprint
serverandnetworkprintermanagementtasks.Withthisrole,youcanalsoreceivescanned
documentsfromnetworkscannersandroutethedocumentstoasharednetworkresource,
WindowsSharePointServicessite,ore-mailaddresses.
printarea(n)~Oneormorerangesofcellsthatyoudesignatetoprintwhenyoudon’t
wanttoprinttheentireworksheet.Ifaworksheetincludesaprintarea,onlytheprintarea
isprinted.
Printcontract(n)~AcontractthatallowsdeveloperstoleveragethePrintbuttononthe
ConnectCharmtoinvoketheprinting.Inresponsetothebuttonclick,thedevelopercan
invoketheWindowsPrintexperience.OrthedevelopercanprovideacustomPrint
experience.
printdevice(n)~Adevicethatputstextorimagesonpaperorotherprintmedia.
printfile(n)~Afilethatcanbesentdirectlyfromacomputertoaprinterportwithout
beingopenedfirst.PhotoDrawsavesprintfileswitha.prnfileextension.
printjob(n)~Alloftheinformationandthecommandthattheprinterneedsfromthe
computertoprint.Forexample,theinformationaboutthelayout,font,andspacingofa
fileiscontainedintheprintjob.
printlayoutview(n)~Aviewofadocumentasitwillappearontheprintedpage.
printpreview(n)~Aviewofadocumentasitwillappearwhenyouprintit.
printprocessor(n)~Thecomponentthat,workinginconjunctionwiththeprinterdriver,
receivesandaltersprintjobs,asnecessary,accordingtotheirdatatypetoensurethatthe
jobsprintcorrectly.
printquality(n)~Thequalityofyourprintedpicture.MicrosoftPhotoDrawoffersthree
printqualities-Good,Better,andBest.
printqueue(n)~Thelistofdocumentsthatarewaitingtobeprinted.
PrintSchema(n)~AschemathatprovidesanExtensibleMarkupLanguage(XML)-
basedformatforexpressingandorganizingalargesetofpropertiesthatdescribeeithera
jobformatorPrintCapabilitiesinahierarchicallystructuredmanner.Itincludestwo
components:thePrintSchemaKeywordsandthePrintSchemaFramework.
PrintSchemaFramework(n)~Apublicschemathatdefinesahierarchicallystructured
collectionofXMLelementtypes,andspecifieshowtheelementtypescanbeused
together.
PrintSchemaKeywords(n)~ThePrintSchemaKeywordsdocumentisapublicschema
thatdefinesasetofelementinstancesthatcanbeusedtodescribedeviceattributesand
printjobformatting.
PRINTSCREENkey(n)~AkeyonIBMPCandcompatiblekeyboardsthatnormally
causesthecomputertosendacharacter-based-€œpicture-€?ofthescreencontentstothe
printer.
printserver(n)~Acomputerthatisdedicatedtomanagingtheprintersonanetwork.The
printservercanbeanycomputeronthenetwork.
printspooler(n)~Softwarethatacceptsadocumentsenttoaprinterandthenstoresiton
diskorinmemoryuntiltheprinterisreadyforit.
PrintSpoolerresource(n)~Printerqueuesprovidingaccesstoanetworkprinter
connectedtothenetworkbyanIPaddressratherthanbyanindividualname.Print
spoolersaresupportedasclusterresourcesbyaResourceDLL.
printstyle(n)~Acombinationofpaperandpagesettingsthatdeterminesthewayitems
print.Outlookprovidesbuilt-inprintstyles,andyoucancreateyourown.
printtitles(n)~Roworcolumnlabelsthatareprintedatthetopoforontheleftsideof
everypageonaprintedworksheet.
PrinttoPDF(v)~AnoptionthatallowsaparticipanttoprintaPDFversionofa
presentationfromameeting.
PrintCapabilitiesdocument(n)~AdocumentinPrintSchemaformatthatprovidesthe
settingsfortheprinterconfigurationtotheprintsubsystemandapplication.
printer(n)~Adevicethatputstextorimagesonpaperorotherprintmedia.
PrinterControlLanguage(n)~Thepage-descriptionlanguagedevelopedbyHewlett
Packardfortheirlaserandinkjetprinters.Becauseofthewidespreaduseoflaserprinters,
thiscommandlanguagehasbecomeastandardinmanyprinters.
printerdriver(n)~Thedevicethatcommunicatesbetweenyoursoftwareprogramand
yourprinter.
printerfont(n)~Afontresidinginorintendedforaprinter.Fontcartridgesareavailable
forlaserprintersthatallowyourprinterprintadditionalfonts.Printerfontsaredistinct
fromscreenfonts,whicharedesignedfordisplayingtextonacomputer
PrinterJobLanguage(n)~TheprintercommandlanguagedevelopedbyHewlett
Packardthatprovidesprintercontrolattheprint-joblevel.UsingPJLcommands,youcan
changedefaultprintersettingssuchasnumberofcopiestoprint.PJLcommandsalso
permitswitchingprinterlanguagesbetweenprintjobswithoutactionbytheuser.Ifbi-
directionalcommunicationissupported,aPJL-compatibleprintercansendinformation
suchasprintermodelandjobstatustotheprintserver.
PrinterMigration(n)~Atoolthatallowsmoving(copying)printqueues,settings,
drivers,formsandspoolersettingsfromonemachinetoanothermachinethathasthesame
oranewerversionofWindows.
printerpermissions(n)~Permissionsthatspecifythetypeofaccessthatauserorgroup
hastoaprinter.TheprinterpermissionsarePrint,ManagePrinters,andManage
Documents.
Printerwindow(n)~Awindowthatshowsinformationaboutanypendingprintjobsfor
theprinter.Foreachprinteryouhaveinstalledortowhichyouareconnected,youcan
viewinformationsuchashowmanydocumentsarewaitingtobeprinted,whoownsthem,
andhowlargetheyare.Alsocalledthequeueview.
PrintersandFaxes(n)~ThefolderinControlPanelthatcontainstheAddPrinterWizard
andiconsforalltheprintersinstalledonyourcomputer.
printer’smarks(n)~marksprintedoutsidetheprintableareaoneachpageofyour
publicationtohelpyouoryourcommercialprintingservicetrim,align,andcontrolcolor
inyourpublication.
PrintingandImagingDevices(n)~AfeatureinWindowsthatallowsuserstoaccessand
manageprinters,multi-functionprinters,digitalcamerasandscanners.
printingpool(n)~Twoormoreidenticalprintersthatareconnectedtooneprintserver
andactasasingleprinter.Inthiscase,whenyouprintadocument,theprintjobwillbe
senttothefirstavailableprinterinthepool.
PrintTicketdocument(n)~AdocumentinPrintSchemaformatthatcontainsthesettings
foraprintjobpreparedforaspecificdeviceconfiguration.Theinformationisprovidedto
theprintsubsystemandtothedevice.
priorperiodadjustment(n)~Anadjustmentmadeinthecurrentfiscalperiodthat
correctsanerrorinaccountingforaneconomiceventthatoccurredinapriorfiscalperiod.
prioritize(v)~Togiveauniquecardinalpositiontoeachentry,asinstackrank.
priorityboost(n)~AnadvancedoptionthatspecifieswhetherMicrosoft-®SQLServer-
„¢shouldrunatahigherMicrosoftWindowsNT-®schedulingprioritythanother
processesonthesamecomputer.
Privacy(PN)~AUIelementthatlinkstotheMicrosoftOnlinePrivacyStatement.
Privacy(PN)~ThelinktotheMicrosoftprivacystatement.
privacylevel(n)~Asettingthatspecifiesthecategoryofuserswhoareallowedtoview
thepersonalinformationofotherusers,suchasuserprofileproperties,colleagues,or
memberships.
privacypolicy(n)~Anorganization’srequirementsforcomplyingwithprivacy
regulationsanddirectives.
PrivacyPolicy(n)~Anorganization’srequirementsforcomplyingwithprivacy
regulationsanddirectives.
privacyrelationship(n)~Asettingthatdetermineshowmuchinformationacontactcan
viewaboutyou.
privacysettings(n)~Settingsthatallowtheadministratortocontrolthecollection,use,
anddistributionofpersonaldata.
private(adj)~Pertainingtoanitemthatisonlyvisibletotheowner.
Private(PN)~AstatusmessagedisplayedwhenthecallerIDofanincomingcallis
blocked.
private(PN)~Abuttonthatcanbetappedduringaconferencecalltohaveaprivate
conversationwithonepersononthecall.
privatearea(n)~AsecurespaceonaWebsiteinwhichadministratorscanmanage
restrictedsitefunctions.
privateassembly(n)~Anassemblythatisavailableonlytoclientsinthesamedirectory
structureastheassembly.
PrivateBranchExchange(PN)~Aprivatetelephonenetworkinanorganization.
Individualtelephonenumbersorextensionnumbersaresupported,andcallsare
automaticallyroutedtothem.Userscancalleachotherusingextensions.Theycanalso
placecallstooutsidenumbers.
PrivateCharacterEditor(n)~Aneditorthatallowstheusertocreateandmanage
privatecharacters.
privatecloud(n)~Acloudinfrastructurethatisdedicatedtoanorganization(notshared
withotherorganizations).Aprivatecloudcanbemanagedbytheorganizationorhosted
byathird-partyserviceprovider,inwhichcaseitisreferredtoasahostedprivatecloud.A
privatecloudcanbelocatedon-premisesoroff-premises.
privatecloud(n)~ThecloudcreatedwithinandexposedbyVMMsystemsrunning
withinanAppControllerinstallation’strustboundary.Therecanbemultipleprivate
clouds.
privatecloud(n)~Agroupingofvirtualmachinehostsandnetworking,storage,and
libraryresourcesthatisassignedtouserstodeployservices.
privatecloud(n)~Thecloudinfrastructureprovisionedforexclusiveusebyasingle
organizationcomprisingmultipleconsumers(e.g.,businessunits).Itmaybeowned,
managed,andoperatedbytheorganization,athirdparty,orsomecombinationofthem,
anditmayexistonoroffpremises.
PrivateCloudComputing~aformofcloudcomputinginwhichserviceaccessis
limited,and/orthecustomerhassomecontrol/ownershipoftheserviceimplementation.
PrivateCommunicationTechnology(n)~Aproposedprotocolstandardthatsupports
authenticationandencryptiontosecureprivacyinInternetcommunications.PCTis
similartotheSecureSocketsLayer(SSL)protocol.
privateFQDN(n)~TheFQDNoftheprivateedgeofanedgeserver.
privategroup(n)~AtypeofYammergroupwheremessagesandpostedcontentareonly
visibletomembersofthatgroup.
privateIPaddress(n)~AnIPaddressthatisassignedfortheinternalnetworkofan
organization.
privatekey(n)~Thesecrethalfofacryptographickeypairthatisusedwithapublickey
algorithm.Privatekeysaretypicallyusedtodecryptasymmetricsessionkey,digitally
signdata,ordecryptdatathathasbeenencryptedwiththecorrespondingpublickey.
privateline(n)~Anadditionalphonenumberwithadistinctringtonethatcannotbe
forwarded.Aprivatelineallowsapersonwhodelegatescallstohaveadirect,confidential
line.
privatemessage(n)~Amessagesentthroughasocialnetworkbetweentwousers,where
onlytheinvolvedusersareallowedtoreadthemessage.
privatenetwork(n)~AnetworkwithinanorganizationthatusesInternettechnologies
andprotocols,butisavailableonlytocertainpeople,suchasemployeesofacompany.
privatenote(n)~AnotesentinYammerfromonememberofaprivategrouptoanother.
privateprocedure(n)~ASuborFunctionprocedurethathasbeendeclaredasprivateby
usingthePrivatekeywordinaDeclarestatement.Privateproceduresareavailableforuse
onlybyotherprocedureswithinthesamemodule.
privateviewstate(n)~Stateinformationthatiswrittenasahiddenfield,suchastheform
thatiscurrentlyactiveorthepaginationinformationforaform.
privateWebPart(n)~AWebPartaddedtoaWebPartPagebyauserwhoisworkingon
thepageinpersonalview.
privilege(n)~Auser’srighttoperformaspecifictask,usuallyonethataffectsanentire
computersystemratherthanaparticularobject.Privilegesareassignedbyadministrators
toindividualusersorgroupsofusersaspartofthesecuritysettingsforthecomputer.
privilege(n)~Oneormorepermissionsauserrequirestoperformatask.
privilegeattributecertificate(n)~AnitemprovidedandsignedbytheDCEsecurity
serverthatisbothaproofofidentityandalistofgroupmemberships.
privilegeisolation(n)~Awindowmanagersubsystemthatblocksapplicationsatalower
UIprivilegelevelfromsendingmessagestoorhookingthreadsbelongingtoprocesses
withahigherUIprivilegelevel.
PrivilegedAccessManagement(n)~Newfeatureenablingtemporaryadmincapabilities
toadministrators
privilegedapp(n)~AWindowsStoredeviceappthat’sexplicitlydeclaredinthe
PrivilegedApplicationfieldsofMicrosoftdigitallysigneddevicemetadata.Only
privilegedappshaveaccesstothatdevice.
PrivilegedIdentityManagement(PN)~Atechnology,whichisdesignedtomanage
privilegedidentitiesandtheiraccessrights.
privilegedrole(n)~Asetofaccesspermissiontosensitiveresources,suchasADDS
managementconsole,asensitiveSPsiteorsensitivefile-share.
privilegedtask(n)~Anoperationthatrequiresmoreresourcesthanareallowedbya
threshold,basedonthenumberofitemsoramountofinformationthatisprocessedduring
theoperation.
PRO(n)~Afeaturethatsupportsworkload-andapplication-awareresourceoptimization
withinavirtualizedenvironment.Basedonperformanceandhealthdataprovidedby
PRO-enabledmanagementpacks,PROcanautomaticallyormanuallyimplement
recommendationsorTipstominimizedowntimeandacceleratetimetoresolution.
proformainvoice(n)~Abusinessdocumentthatisaviewofacustomerinvoiceor
vendorinvoicethatdocumentsapaymentrequestbutisnotanofferorademandfor
payment.
PROpack(n)~AtypeofSystemCenterpackthatprovidesclasses,monitors,alerts,and
tasksforPerformanceandResourceOptimization(PRO)inVirtualMachineManager.
PROtip(n)~ArecommendationprovidedbyaPRO-enabledmanagementpackthatcan
beimplementedautomaticallyormanuallytooptimizeperformanceorreducedowntime
forworkloadsrunninginvirtualizedenvironments.
proactivecaching(n)~Asystemthatmanagesdataobsolescenceinacubebywhich
objectsinMOLAPstorageareautomaticallyupdatedandprocessedincachewhilequeries
areredirectedtoROLAPstorage.
ProactiveScanner(PN)~AnautomatedproactivescanthattriggerswhenNTFSdetectsa
corruption.Thescanisequivalenttothescanphaseofchkdskandfindsandlogsall
corruptionstoaninternalfile.Thisscanrunsduringmaintenancehours,canbetriggered
fromtheExplorer,ormanuallyrunfromacommandline.Whenthisscanisrunninginthe
background,someNTFSoperationsmaybeblocked.
probability(n)~Thelikelihoodofsomethinghappening.Forexample,salebeingmade.
probabilityandimpactmatrix(n)~Acommonwaytodeterminewhetherariskis
consideredlow,moderate,orhighbycombiningthetwodimensionsofarisk,its
probabilityofoccurrence,anditsimpactonobjectivesifitoccurs.
Problem(n)~AnoptionavailableintheCaseTypedrop-downlist.Acustomerservice
representative(CSR)canselectthisoptionforacustomerwhoisreportinganissuewitha
productorservice.
problem(n)~Agroupingthatmeansthatalleventshavetheidenticalcallstack.By
consolidatingeventsbyproblem,ITpersonnelcanprioritizetheireffortstocorrectan
issuebasedonthenumberofeventsinthegroup.
problemmanagement(n)~Theprocessbywhichtherootcauseofoneormoreincidents
isidentifiedandbywhichaworkaroundorapermanentfixisfound.
problemrecord(n)~Arecordthattrackstheidentification,investigation,andresolution
ofarootcause.
ProblemStepsRecorder(PN)~Autilitythatallowsrecordingstep-by-stepuseractions
inWindowsandstoringtheminanXMLfiletohelpdevelopersreproduceandinvestigate
applicationsproblemseasily.Italsoenablesenduserstoshareapplicationproblems(e.g.
withTechnicalSupport)withcomprehensivedescriptions.
proceduralsurface(n)~AsurfacewithpixelRGBcolorandalphavaluesdefined
dynamically.Onlytheprocedureusedtocomputethesurfaceisstoredinmemory.
procedure(n)~Asequenceofdeclarationsandstatementsthatareexecutedasaunit.
procedure(n)~Arepeatablesequenceofstepsthatarefollowedinaspecificorderto
meettherequirementsofatask.
procedure(n)~Aseriesofstepsperformedonapatientwiththegoaloftreatingadisease
ormakingadiagnosis.
procedurecall(n)~Inprogramming,aninstructionthatcausesaproceduretobe
executed.Aprocedurecallcanbelocatedinanotherprocedureorinthemainbodyofthe
program.
procedure-levelvariable(n)~Avariablethatisdeclaredwithinaprocedure.Procedure-
levelvariablesarealwaysprivatetotheprocedureinwhichtheyaredeclared.
process(n)~Thevirtualaddressspaceandthecontrolinformationnecessaryforthe
executionofaprogram.
process(n)~Astructuredsetofactivitiesdesignedtoyieldaspecifiedresultoroutput.
process(n)~Anoperatingsystemobjectthatconsistsofanexecutableprogram,asetof
virtualmemoryaddresses,andoneormorethreads.Whenaprogramruns,aprocessis
created.
Process(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayouttypethatincludeslayoutsdesignedtoshow
stepsinaprocessortimeline.
process(n)~Afunctionalworkstructurethatanorganizationisresponsiblefordesigning,
controlling,andimproving.Aprocesscomprisesacoordinatedsetofactivitiesinwhich
oneormoreparticipantsconsume,produce,anduseeconomicresourcestoachieveoneor
moreorganizationalgoals.
processaccesstoken(n)~Adatastructurethatcontainsauthenticationandauthorization
informationforauser.Windowscreatestheaccesstokenwhentheuserlogsonandthe
user’sidentityisconfirmed.Theaccesstokencontainstheuser’ssecurityID(SID),the
listofgroupsthattheuserisamemberof,thelistofprivilegesheldbythatuser.Each
processorthreadstartedfortheuserinheritsacopyoftheaccesstoken.Insomecasesa
usermayhavemorethanoneaccesstoken,withdifferentlevelsofauthority.
processaccounting(n)~AfeatureofInternetInformationServices(IIS)that
administratorscanusetomonitorandlogresourceconsumptionofCommonGateway
Interface(CGI)scriptsandout-of-processapplications.
ProcessArrows(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowinformationillustratinga
processorworkflow.Level1textappearsinthecircularshapesandLevel2textappears
inthearrowshapes.Worksbestforminimaltextandtoemphasizemovementordirection.
processbatch(n)~Thequantityofoneormoreitemsthatisproducedorthatcanbe
produced.
processcolor(n)~Oneofthefourtransparentinks(cyan,magenta,yellow,andblack)
thatareusedincommercialprintingtoproducecolorphotographicimagesandawide
rangeofsolidcolors.
processdiagram(n)~Adiagramthatshowstherelationshipofitemsinalist.Itis
primarilyusedwhentheitemsaresequentialinnature.
processevent(n)~Oneormorerecommendationworkstreamsthatarebundledand
executedsimultaneouslyandtime-constrained,andwhichusecompensationinformation
foragroupofemployeestocreatedate-specificemployeecompensationrecords.A
processeventcanbeassimpleasananniversary-basedmeritincreaseforoneemployee,
orascomplexasanannualenterprise-widecombinedcompensationprocess.
processidentity(n)~Anoperatingsystemtermthatdenotestheaccountthataprocess
runsunder.
ProcessLifetimeManagement(PN)~Anoperatingsystemprocessthatclosesappsthat
arenotforegroundappstoconservesystemresources,enhancebatterylife,andremove
theburdenofappmanagement,taskmanagement,orboth,fromtheuser.Whentheuser
switchesbackorre-launchestheapp,theappstartsrightwhereitleftoff.
ProcessList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowmultiplegroupsof
informationorstepsandsub-stepsinatask,process,orworkflow.Level1text
correspondstothetophorizontalshapes,andLevel2textcorrespondstoverticalsub-
stepsundereachrelatedtop-levelshape.
processlogging(n)~Adebuggingtechniquethatmonitorstheprocessesandthreadsona
targetdevice.
processmanagementpack(n)~Atypeofmanagementpackthatimplementsallorpart
ofaservicemanagementprocess.
processscheduling(n)~Theassignmentofbusinessintelligencetasksforusers,roles,
andPerformancePointPlanningServer.
processinginstruction(n)~AnXMLstructuralconstruct.Amechanismforembedding
informationinafileintendedforproprietaryapplicationsratherthantheXMLparseror
browser.TheXMLparserpassestheinstructionstotheapplication.Aprocessing
instructionisastringoftextincludedalmostanywhereinanXMLdocument’scharacter
databetween?and?marks.ItbeginswiththenameoftheapplicationforwhichthePIis
intended,followedbythedatafortheinstruction.AnexampleistheXMLdeclarationthat
beginseveryvalidXMLfile:?xmlversion=1.0’standalone=‘yes’?’
processinginstructions(n)~InformationstoredintheprologueofanXMLdocument.
ThisinformationispassedthroughtheXMLparsertoanyapplicationthatusestheXML
document.
processor(n)~Thecomputationalandcontrolunitofacomputer.TheCPUisthedevice
thatinterpretsandexecutesinstructions.Mainframesandearlyminicomputerscontained
circuitboardsfullofintegratedcircuitsthatimplementedtheCPU.Single-chipcentral
processingunits,calledmicroprocessors,madepossiblepersonalcomputersand
workstations.
Processor~Thenervecentreofthecomputer:everythingflowsthroughit.Alsocalled
the-CPU.Thebestknown-isIntel’s-Pentium-series.Themostimportantsingle
specificationonanyPCisthespeedofitsprocessor,usuallymeasuredinmegahertz
(MHz),orlatterlygigahertz(GHz).
processorcontrolblock(n)~Anextensionoftheprocessorcontrolregion(PCR).
procure(v)~Toobtaintheworkandmaterialresourcesrequiredtocompleteaproject.
procurementcatalog(n)~Alistingofproductofferingsthataregroupedbyprocurement
category.Aprocurementcatalogisusedtorequestproductsforinternalusebyan
organization.
procurementcategoryhierarchy(n)~Acategoryhierarchythatorderscategoriesthat
arecreatedtogroupproductsthathavesimilarprocurementmanagementandaccounting
characteristics.
procurementsite(n)~Asitethatemployeescanusetodefineitemsandservicesthatthey
requirefordailyworkactivities.
Producer(PN)~Anadd-inforPowerPointusedtocreatepresentationsthatincludeaudio,
video,slides,andimages.
product(n)~Anitem,service,orrightthatisoutputfromaneconomicactivity.
Product(n)~Agoodorservicethatyourorganizationprovides.
ProductandServiceItems(PN)~Adialogboxthatallowsausertoaddanewproductto
anOpportunityortheProductandServiceItemslist.
ProductandServiceItemslist(n)~Atabulationofgoodsandservicesthatone
purchasesorsells,oroffersforpurchaseorsale.
productattribute(n)~Arepresentationofaproductproperty.
productbacklog(n)~Theproductbacklog(orbacklog’)istherequirementsforasystem
productbacklogitem(n)~InScrum,aproductbacklogitem(PBI’
productcatalog(n)~Acompilationofallproductsthatareavailableforsale.
ProductCatalog(PN)~Asitetemplatethatisdesignedtomanageproductcatalogsfor
publishingpurposes.
ProductCatalog(n)~ThecollectionofProductsthatyourorganizationoffers,both
currentlyandhistorically.
productcatalogmapping(n)~Alinkbetweenaproductcatalogandaninventorycatalog
thatdetermineswhichinventorycatalogisusedtoholdSKUdatafortheproductcatalog.
ProductCatalogresource(n)~ACommerceServerresourcewithsite-levelproperties,
managedthroughCommerceServerManager.UsetheProductCatalogresourceto
configuretheconnectionstringtothedatabasecontainingcatalogdata.
productcomponent(n)~Apartofaproduct.
productconnector(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatisusedtosynchronizedatabetween
OperationsManagerandothermanagementsystems.
ProductDevelopmentPlanning(n)~Atemplatethatoutlinesastrategicapproachfor
productdevelopment.Byunderstandingyourbusinesspositioninthemarketplace,
establishingproductinfrastructure,andaknowledgeofyourtargetsandcompetitors,this
templateestablishesaframeworktobeginproductdevelopment.
productdimension(n)~Thesize,color,orconfigurationproductattributesthatareused
fordimension-basedconfiguration.
ProductEvaluationPostLaunch(n)~Atemplatethatwillwalkyouthroughkeyareas
ofevaluatingaproduct’sperformanceafterithasbeenplacedinthemarketplace.
productfamily(n)~Agroupoffunctionallyequivalentproductsoritemsthatshare
similarfeaturesandthataregroupedforplanningpurposes.
productfamily(n)~Auniquegroupingofitems,services,orrightsthateitherparticipates
inthesameproductionordeliveryactivitiesorthatareofferedtothesamemarket
segments.InMicrosoftDynamicsAX,thegroupingisrepresentedbyusingaforecast
allocationkey.
productgroup(n)~Acollectionofproductsusedforpresentation,salescampaigns,ore-
business.
productID(n)~Auniquemanuallycreatedalpha-numericlabelthatisusedtoidentifya
product.
productidentifier(n)~Arequiredpropertythatuniquelyidentifiesproductswithina
catalog,suchasastock-keepingunit(SKU).Aproductidentifiercannotberemovedfrom
theproductdefinition.
productitem(n)~Anitemthatisatypeofproduct.
productkey(n)~Asequenceof25lettersandnumbers.Toactivatesomesoftware,you
mustenteraproductkeyduringtheactivationprocess.
productkeycard(n)~Aphysicalcardonwhichaproductkeyisprinted.
productknowledge(n)~Content,embeddedinrulesandmonitors,thatcontains
informationfromthemanagementpackauthoraboutthecausesofanalertand
suggestionsonhowtofixtheissuethatcausedanalerttoberaised.
productline(n)~Asetofrelatedproductsgroupedtogetherduetotechnicalormarketing
considerations.
productmaster(n)~Astandardorfunctionalproductrepresentationthatisthebasisfor
configuringproductvariants.
productmodel(n)~Aspecificationofhowitemsaretobecustomized.Aproductmodel
canbeusedforsalesorders,purchaseorders,orproductionorders.
productproperty(n)~Oneofthepropertiesthatformsaproductdefinition.
productreceipt(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsthereceiptofproductsordered,
thereceiptofproductsreturned,orthereceiptofproductsreceivedonconsignment.
productrelationship(n)~Arelationshipthatassociatesoneproductinacatalogwith
anotherproductorcategory.Forexample,printersmayberelatedtoprinterribbonsorink
cartridges,buttheseproductswouldbeindifferentcategories.Aproductrelationshiphas
aname,indicatingthetypeofrelationship(forexample,Accessory’)
productsequencing(n)~Thepracticeofclassifyingandmanagingcharacteristicsof
itemssothatproductswithsimilarcharacteristicscanbescheduledtobeproduced
together.
producttransition(n)~Amovefromonelicense,product,orlicensemodeltoanother.
Someexamplesoftransitionsare:astep-uptoahigheredition;amovefromon-premises
tothecloud,orcloudtoon-premises;oramovetoorfromalicensemodelthatisahybrid
ofanonlineserviceandanon-premisesproduct.
productvariant(n)~Aspecificitemthatisgroupedwithrelatedvariantsthattogether
formaproduct.Variantsusuallyvaryfromeachotherinoneormoreproperties.For
example,amedium-sized,greenshirtwithastock-keepingunit(SKU)of14678isone
productvariantoftheShirtproduct;togethersize,color,andSKUformonevariant.A
productvariantalwaysincludesauniqueidentifier,suchasanSKU,andaprice.Each
productvariantisbasedonthesameproductdefinition.
productvariant(n)~Aconfigurationofaproductmaster.
productvariantproperty(n)~Apropertythatvariesamongproductvariants.For
exampletheproductvariantmedium-sizedgreenshirthastwoproductvariantproperties:
sizeandcolor.
productvulnerability(n)~Asetofconditionsthatviolatesanimpliedorexplicitsecurity
policy.AproductvulnerabilityisnormallyaddressedbyaMicrosoftsecuritybulletinora
servicepack.
production(n)~Theprocessofcreatingusablegoodsfromrawmaterialsand/orparts.
productionenvironment(n)~AdeploymentareainwhichaMicrosoftAzurecloud
serviceisreleasedlivetoserveexternalend-usersorclients.
productionflow(n)~AproductionprocessdesignedusingLeanprinciples.
productionflowmodel(n)~Arepresentationoftheproductioncapacityprovidedbya
groupofworkcellsinaproductionflowprocess.
productioninstance(n)~Auniqueoccurrenceofanapplication,suchasMicrosoft
DynamicsCRMorSocialEngagement,foronlinecustomersthatistobeusedfor
productionpurposes.
productionleadtime(n)~Theleadtimerequiredtoproduceanitem,startingfromthe
timetheorderisreleasedtoproductionuntiltheitemismovedtoinventory.
productionline(n)~Thepartofaproductionorderthatspecifiesdetailedinformation
aboutthecomponentsincludedintheorder.
productionorder(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentstherequirementsforproducing
itemstomeetademand.
productionorderline(n)~Thepartofaproductionorderthatspecifiesdetailed
informationaboutthecomponentsincludedintheorder.
productionorderline(n)~Thepartofaproductionorderthatspecifiestheparentitemto
beproduced.
productionplanningperiodtemplate(n)~Auser-definedtimetablethatisused-to
structureanddisplay-existingproductrequirements.
productionschedule(n)~Ascheduletoproduceaspecificitemanditemquantityata
specifictimeandbyspecifichumanandoperationalresources.
productionsignal(n)~Adocumentednotificationofaresourcefloweventthattriggersa
productionortransferactivity.
productionvariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthecostpriceandtheactualproduction
price.Theproductionvarianceisdeterminedwhentheproductionorderiscalculated.
productionWebserver(n)~AWebserverthathostsalivewebsite.AproductionWeb
servercanbebrowsedbyanInternetorintranetaudience.
Productivity(PN)~Anappcategorythataugmentsorenhancesyourabilitytogetwork
done.
PRO-enabledmanagementpack(n)~Aspeciallydesignedtypeofmanagementpackin
SystemCenterOperationsManagerthatassociatesspecificalertswithresolutionsthatcan
beimplementedautomaticallyinSystemCenterEssentials.
ProfessionalDirect(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzuresupportplanforallissuescoveredbythe
StandardSupportplan,aresponsetimeofunder1hourandadditionalservices.
ProfessionalInformation(n)~AsectionlabelontheContactformontheDetailstab.
professionalservice(n)~Aproductsupportserviceand/orMicrosoftconsultingservice
providedtoCustomerunderanagreement.ProfessionalServicesdonotincludeOnline
Services.
Professionaluser(n)~AunitofmeasureforusersoftheVisualStudioOnline
Professionalserviceoffering.
professional-looking(adj)~Pertainingtosomethingthatlooksasthoughithasbeen
createdbyaprofessional.(Eventhoughitmay,infact,havebeendonebyanamateur.)
profile(v)~Toanalyzeaprogramtodeterminehowmuchtimeisspentindifferentparts
oftheprogramduringexecution.
profile(n)~Acomputer-basedrecordthatcontainssoftwaresettingsandidentification
information.
profile(n)~Agroupofsettingsthatmatchcontenttypeandbitratewithappropriateaudio
andvideocodecs.
profile(n)~Asetofcharacteristicsthatdefineanybusiness-relateditem,suchasa
customer,acompany,orabusinessprocess.Eachprofileisanindividualinstanceofa
profiledefinition.
profile(n)~Thedescriptiveinformationaboutauserthatisshowntootherusers.This
editableinformationisseparatefromtheregistrationinformationtheyprovidetoestablish
theirWindowsLiveaccount.Thisseparationallowsuserstodiscloseorconcealpersonal
informationastheychoose.
profile(n)~InExpressionEncoder,agroupofsettingsthatadjustthequalityofthe
encodedvideo.
Profile(PN)~Thelinktothepersonalpagewhereuserscanstoreinformation(suchas
personalinterests)andlinks(suchastofriendsandphotos).
profile(n)~InWindowsPowerShell,ascriptthatrunswhenWindowsPowerShellor
WindowsPowerShellIntegratedScriptingEnvironment(ISE)starts.Theprofilescriptsets
upandcustomizestheWindowsPowerShellenvironmentandcancontaincmdlets,scripts,
functions,oranyvalidWindowsPowerShellcommand.
Profile(PN)~Theportionofauser’sYammeraccountthatcontainsdescriptive
informationabouthim/herthatisvisibletootherusers.
profilealbum(n)~AnentityinMicrosoftDynamicsCRMwheretheuser’sprofile
pictureisstoredasanattachment.
profiledefinition(n)~Thepropertiesthatareavailableinaparticularprofiletype.Each
profileisassociatedwithaprofiledefinition.Forexample,theNewUserprofiledefinition
couldcontainthefollowingproperties:name,age,gender,address,andsoforth.
ProfileEditor(n)~AtoolprovidedwithWindowsMediaEncoderthatcreatesandedits
theencodingprofiles.
profilegroup(n)~Agroupingofpartnerprofileswithwhichyoucanassociatean
agreement.
profilelocation(n)~Thegeographicallocationdata,definingthelatitude/longitude(or
location)thatusersdefineintheirprofiles.
ProfileManager(n)~AcomponentofWindowsMediaEncoderthatcreatesandeditsthe
encodingprofilesneededtoidentifytheappropriatecodec,themultimediainputstreams,
andthenumberandbitrateoftheencodedoutputstreams.
profilepage(n)~Apagethatdisplaysthedataforanitemofanexternalcontenttype.
profilepath(n)~Thelocationofauser’sprofileonthelocaldrive,forexample
C:\Users\jason.Theuserprofilecouldbealocalprofile,whichisstoredonasingle
computer,oraroaminguserprofile,whichissynchronizedwithafileserversothat
multiplePCscanusethesameprofilesettings.
profileproperty(n)~Acharacteristicthatspecifieswhichprofiledataistobecollected
whenauservisitsyourWebsite.
profilepropertyattribute(n)~Acharacteristicthatdescribesaprofileproperty.
Attributesprovideinformationabouttheprofileproperty.Profilepropertyattributes
includeinformationsuchasthedatatypeoftheprofileproperty,forexample,number,
text,anddecimal,whetherthepropertyissingle-valued(forexample,onlyoneFirstName
isallowed)ormulti-valued,andwhetherthedataisimportedintotheDataWarehouse.
profileprovider(n)~Adataproviderthatspecifiesprofilepropertiesforeachuserand
thatismanagedautomaticallybyASP.NET.
profileschema(n)~Adescriptionofthecontentandstructureofprofiles.
profiletemplate(n)~ThecoreofallCertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)management
activities.Theprofiletemplateprovidesasingleadministrativeunitthatincludesall
informationnecessarytomanagethemultiplecertificatesthatmightberequiredbyauser
communitythroughoutthecertificate’slifecycle.Aprofiletemplatealsoincludes
informationregardingthefinallocationofthosecertificates,whichcanbesoftware-based
(thatis,storedonthelocalcomputer)orhardware-based(storedonasmartcard).A
profiletemplatecannotincludebothsoftware-basedandsmartcard-basedcertificates.
profileticket(n)~AticketcreatedbyCommerceServerforanonymous(guest)users.
profile-guidedoptimization(n)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutooptimizeanapplication
basedonmost-likelyusedscenarios.
profiler(n)~Adiagnostictoolforanalyzingtherun-timebehaviorofprograms.
ProfilesSchemaManager(n)~AuserprofilingcomponentofCommerceServer2006
andBizTalkServer2006.Thiscomponentletsyoumanageprofiledatabycreatingdata
sourcesprofiledefinitionsandsiteterms.YoucanexporttheprofiledatatoaData
Warehouseforanalysisand/orexposethedatatootherapplicationsthroughBizTalk
Server2006.
ProfileService(n)~Aservicethatprovidesrun-timeaccesstoaprofileobject,whichisa
specificinstantiationofaprofileschema.
profiling(n)~Thecollectionofdetailedperformancedata,suchasmemory,stackframe,
andCPUutilization,duringapplicationexecution.Analysisoftheresultingdataoften
leadstocodeoptimizationsthatsubstantiallyimproveapplicationrun-timebehavior.
profit(n)~Thedifferencebetweenrevenueobtainedfromsalesandexpenseincurredin
productdeliveryactivities.
profitandlossaccount(n)~Arevenueorexpenseaccountwhosebalancewillbe
transferredtoaretainedearningsaccountattheendofafiscalyear.Balancesinprofitand
lossaccountsdeterminethenetincomeornetlossfortheyear.
profitandlossstatement(n)~Areportthatsummarizesacompany’scosts,expenses,
andrevenuesforaspecificaccountingperiod.
profitandlosstransaction(n)~Apostedledgertransactionthatisassociatedwitha
profitandlossaccount,revenueaccount,orcostaccount.
profitchart(n)~Adiagramthatdisplaysthetheoreticalincreaseinprofitthatis
associatedwithusingvariousdatamodels.
profitmargin(n)~Ameasureofprofitabilitythatiscalculatedbyusingtheformula:
profitmargin=netincomebeforetaxandinterest/revenue.Itcanbeexpressedasa
percentageoranumber.
profitsharing(n)~Abroad-basedvariablecompensationplanthatawardsemployees
basedoncompanyprofitsanddistributessomeportionofcompanyprofitstoemployees.
Profitsharingisameanstomotivateemployeestofocusonprofits.
ProgID(n)~AnidentifierintheformOLEServerName.ObjectName(forexample,
Excel.SheetorPowerPoint.Slide)that’susedbytheWindowsregistrytouniquelyidentify
anobject.
program(n)~Asetofinstructionsthatacomputerordeviceusestoperformaspecific
task,suchaswordprocessing,accounting,ordatamanagement.
program(n)~Acollectivegroupingofprojects,usuallyincludingacommonsetofgoals,
plansandmeasurementofsuccess,thatismanagedanddeliveredinacoordinatedway.
Program~Aprogramisessentiallyalistofinstructionsthattellacomputerhowtodo
something.Any-wordprocessor,-spreadsheet,database,gameoranyothertoolyoumay
useonacomputerisaprogram(oftenagroupofprograms).Alsoreferredtoassoftware.
programanniversarydate(n)~Thecalendardatewhichmarkstheenrollmentofa
partnerintotheMicrosoftPartnerProgram,includingpaymentofanyapplicable
membershipfees.
programcode(n)~Afive-digitcodethatidentifieswhichofthesolutionprovider’s
programofferingsthecustomer’scomputerbelongsto.
ProgramCompatibilitytroubleshooter(n)~Aneasy-to-usetroubleshooterthathelps
findandfixprogramcompatibilityissues.
ProgramEvaluationandReviewTechniquechart(n)~Aprojectoptimizationtoolthat
enablesschedulingandtrackingoftasks,goalsetting,andtimelines.
programevent(n)~Anactionoroccurrencetowhichaprogrammightrespond.
Examplesincludestatechanges,datatransfers,keypresses,andmousemovements.
ProgramGuide(n)~Anonscreenlistingofupcomingprogramsandinformation
availablethroughmediaservicessuchascabletelevisionandsatellitetelevision.
programinformationfile(n)~AfilethatprovidesinformationtoWindowsabouthow
besttorunMS-DOS-basedprograms.WhenyoustartanMS-DOS-basedprogram,
Windowslooksforaprograminformationfiletousewithit.programinformationfiles
containsuchitemsasthenameofthefile,astart-updirectory,andmultitaskingoptions.
ProgramLauncher(n)~Aprogramthatletsuserseasilyfindandopenprograms,
accessories,controlpanelsettings,andWebsitesusingtheirfingersonatouch-screen
TabletPC.
programrestrictions(n)~Settingsthatlimitcustomeruseof,oraccessto,specific
programattributesandfeatures.
programstreamformat(n)~Afileformatthatsupportsthemultiplexingofaudio,video,
anddata.ProgramstreamsareexclusivetoMPEG-1andMPEG-2-compressedfilesand
usevariable-sizedpacketsthathaveacommontimebase.Programstreamsaredesigned
tobeplayedbackfromreliablemedia,suchasharddrivesandDVDs.
Program,EvaluationandReviewTechniqueanalysis(n)~Aprocessbywhichyou
evaluateaprobableoutcomebasedonthreescenarios:best-case,expected-case,and
worst-case.
programmableinterruptcontroller(n)~Adevicethatfunctionsasanoverallmanager
inaninterruptdrivensystem.
programmablelogicdevice(n)~Alogicchipthatisprogrammedbythecustomer,not
themanufacturer.Likeagatearray,aPLDisacollectionoflogicgates.Unlikeagate
array,aPLDdoesnotneedtobeprogrammedaspartofthemanufacturingprocess.
programmaticidentifier(n)~AnidentifierintheformOLEServerName.ObjectName
(forexample,Excel.SheetorPowerPoint.Slide)that’susedbytheWindowsregistryto
uniquelyidentifyanobject.
programmaticinterface(n)~Auserinterfacedependentonusercommandsorona
specialprogramminglanguage,ascontrastedwithagraphicaluserinterface.UNIXand
MS-DOShaveprogrammaticinterfaces;theAppleMacintoshandMicrosoftWindows
havegraphicaluserinterfaces.
programmingelementattribute(n)~Adescriptivedeclarationthatcanbeappliedto
programmingelementssuchastypes,fields,methods,andproperties.
programmingevent(n)~Theoccurrenceofaprogrammingactioninasoftwaresystem.
programminglanguage(n)~Anartificiallanguagethatspecifiesinstructionstobe
executedonacomputer.Thetermcoversawidespectrum,frombinary-codedmachine
languagetohigh-levellanguages.
progressbar(n)~Aprogressindicatorthatdisplaysthepercentageofcompletionofa
particularprocessasagraphicalbar.
progressbilling(n)~Amethodofrequestingpaymentwhenworkprogressobjectivesor
ratetargetsarereached.
progressindicator(n)~Anindicatorthatprovidestheuserwithinformationaboutthe
stateofaprocess.
progressline(n)~Avisualrepresentationoftheprogressofyourproject,displayedinthe
GanttChartview.Progresslinesconnectin-progresstasks,creatingagraphontheGantt
Chartindicatingworkthatisbehindandpeaksindicatingworkthatisahead.
ProgressUI(PN)~Adialogboxthatshowstheprogressofanoperation.
progressivedisclosure(n)~Atechniqueforhidingthecomplexityofaninterfaceby
presentingtheuserwiththeprimaryorcommonoptionsorchoicesatthetopmostlevel,
andthenrevealingmoreadvancedorcomplexoptionsthroughanothermeans,suchas
explicituseractionornavigation.
ProgressiveJPEG(n)~AnenhancementtotheJPEGgraphicsfileformatthatgradually
displaysaphoto-realisticpictureinaWebbrowser,showingincreasinglydetailedversions
ofthepictureuntiltheentirefilehasfinisheddownloading.
ProgressiveRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#92.
progressivescan(n)~Themethodofdisplayingavideoimageonefullframeatatimeby
scanningeachlineofanimageinsequentialorder.Videosdisplayedusingprogressive
scancontainfewermotionartifactsandaregenerallysmootherandmorestablethan
interlacedscandisplay.Progressivescanisafeatureofcomputermonitors,manyDVDs,
andmostHDTVs.
progressivevideo(n)~Amethodofdisplayingvideoinwhichallthescanlinesofa
framearedisplayedinorderinasinglepass.
project(n)~Asetofsourcefilesandrelatedmetadata,suchascomponentreferencesand
buildinstructions,thathelpsyouorganizeandperformcommontasksontheitemsthat
youaredeveloping.Projectsarecontainedwithinasolution.
project(n)~Afilethatkeepstrackofallprograms,forms,menus,libraries,reports,
labels,queries,andothertypesoffilesthatareneededtocreateanapplication.
Project(n)~AholdingplaceforagroupoflinkeddocumentsorWorkstasks/templates
relatedtoasingleuseractivity.
project(n)~Atemporaryendeavorundertakentomeetorexceedstakeholder
expectations.
project(n)~Aprogramofwork.
project(n)~InWindowsAssessmentServices,thegroupofcomputersandimagesthat
compriseasubsetofallthecomputersandimagesthathavebeenaddedtoaninventory.A
projectprovidesacontextualized,manageableviewofcomputerswithinthepoolof
assets,andpairseachcomputerwithanimageandananswerfile.Aprojectdoesnot
containassessments,buttheprojectshowsallthejobsthatcorrespondtotheproject.
project(v)~Toshoworsharescreencontentinadisplayotherthantheprimarydisplay.
projectadministrator(n)~Anadministratorallowedtomakechangestoworkitem
trackingfromtheUIortheSDK.
ProjectApplicationService(PN)~Aservicethatneedstobestartedonserversthatare
meanttobeProjectServerapplicationservers.
projectassumption(n)~Afactorthat,forplanningpurposes,isconsideredtobetrue,
real,orcertain.Assumptionsgenerallyinvolveadegreeofrisk.
projectbudgetrevision(n)~Achangetoaprojectbudgetthataffectsthecurrentand
remainingavailablebudgetfunds.
ProjectCalculationService(PN)~AschedulingengineforProjectServerthatenables
automatedprojectupdatesandschedulingthatissimilartothatinProjectProfessional.
projectcalendar(n)~Thebasecalendarusedbyaproject.
ProjectCenter(PN)~Alocationthatallowstheusertocreateaprojectwheretheuser
canmanage,shareandarchiveinformationthathasbeenaddedforvariousprojects.
projectconstraint(n)~Afactorthatwilllimittheprojectmanagementteam’soptions.
Forexample,apredefinedbudgetisaconstraintthatmaylimittheteam’sscope,staffing,
andscheduleoptions.
ProjectDesigner(n)~Avisualrepresentationoftheservicesportsandbindingsthatmake
upaproject.UserscaneditthevisualitemsintheProjectDesignerbyaddingand
removingservices,andcreatingandremovingbindingsbetweencompatibleportsonthe
servicesinthedesigner.
projectfile(n)~Thefilethatcontainsinformationaboutthefilesthathavebeenimported
intoorcapturedinthecurrentproject,andhowfilesorclipshavebeenarranged.
projectfile(n)~Aspecificfileinyourprojectthatcontainssettingsfortheproject.The
filenameextensionendswithproj
projectfundingrule(n)~Aruleinaprojectsystemthatcontrolshowprojectactivities
arefundedbyoneormorefundingsourcesbasedonprojectcriteriaandotherconditions.
ProjectGallery(PN)~AvisualdirectoryofMicrosoftOfficefiles,templates,wizards
andprojects.ItislaunchedeverytimeyoustartOfficeandwheneveryouclickProject
GalleryontheFilemenu.
projectgroup(n)~Aclassificationofprojectsthathavecharacteristicsincommon,
primarilyforspecifyingtheledgeraccountstouseforposting.
projectlifecycle(n)~Acollectionofgenerallysequentialprojectphaseswhosenameand
numberaredeterminedbytheneedsoftheorganizationororganizationsinvolvedinthe
project.
ProjectLite(PN)~TheOffice365add-inthatallowsuserstomanagetimesheetsand
tasks,collaboratewithotherusers,andstoreprojectsanddocumentsfromanydevice.
ProjectLite(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Thecompanionofferforgovernment
organizationsforProjectOnlineorProjectServer,whichenablesthemtomanagetasks,
collaborateandsubmittimesheets,andthatishostedinacommercialcloudenvironment
ProjectLite(GovernmentPricing)Trial(PN)~Thelimited-daytrialforgovernment
organizationsforthecompanionofferforProjectOnlineorProjectServer,whichenables
themtomanagetasks,collaborateandsubmittimesheets,andthatishostedina
commercialcloudenvironment.
Projectmanagement(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelpbusinesses
manage,schedule,andbudgetprojects.
ProjectManager(PN)~Abusinessapplicationusedtoorganizeandtrackprojects.
projectmyscreen(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoconnectthephonetoan
externaldisplay(aPCmonitor,forinstance)andthendisplaythephonescreenonthe
externaldisplay.
ProjectMyScreenApp(PN)~AWindowsdesktopapplicationthatisrequiredtoenable
userstoprojecttheirphonescreentoaWindowsdeviceusingaUSBconnection.
ProjectOnline(PN)~Theonlineserviceforteams,departmentsandorganizationsthat
needaflexibleportfolioandprojectmanagement(PPM)solution.
ProjectOnline(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforgovernmentorganizationsfor
ProjectOnlinethatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
ProjectOnline(GovernmentPricing)Trial(PN)~Thelimited-daytrialforgovernment
organizationsfortheofferforProjectOnlinethatishostedinthecommercialcloud
environment.
ProjectOnline(MonthtoMonth)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~Theofferforthe
month-to-monthsubscriptionforgovernmentorganizationsforProjectOnlineandthatis
hostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
ProjectOnlineforGovernment(PN)~Theofferforgovernmentorganizationsfor
ProjectOnlinethatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
ProjectOnlinewithProjectProforOffice365(PN)~Theonlineserviceforteams,
departmentsandorganizationsthatneedaflexibleportfolioandprojectmanagement
(PPM)solutionincludingfullprojectmanagementcapabilitiesonthedesktopwithProject
ProforOffice365.
ProjectOnlinewithProjectProforOffice365(GovernmentPricing)Trial(PN)~The
Projectofferforthelimited-daytrialforgovernmentorganizations,hostedinthe
commercialcloudenvironment,thatincludesanofferingofProjectProforOffice365.
ProjectOnlinewithProjectProforOffice365forGovernment(PN)~TheProject
offerfortheonlineserviceforgovernmentorganizations,hostedinthegovernmentcloud
environment,thatincludesanofferingofProjectProforOffice365.
ProjectPalette(n)~AutilityinMicrosoftOfficeforMacthatallowstheusertomanage
contentsofprojectscreatedintheProjectCenterinEntouragefromotherapplications
(Word,PowerPointandExcel).
projectplan(n)~Aformal,approveddocumentusedtoguidebothprojectexecutionand
projectcontrol.
projectportal(n)~Thesiteusedtostoreandpresentnon-codeworkproductsandreports
forateamproject.
ProjectProforOffice365(PN)~ThesubscriptionofferingoftheMicrosoftproject
managementsoftwareusedtoplan,manage,andcommunicateaprojectscheduleand
otherinformationamongteammembers,projectmanagersandstakeholders,which
supportsSharePointOnlinetasklistsync,LyncOnlinepresenceandconnectingtoProject
Online.
ProjectProforOffice365(MonthtoMonth)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheProject
ProforOffice365offerforthemonth-to-monthsubscriptionforgovernment
organizationsthatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
ProjectProforOffice365forGovernment(PN)~TheProjectProforOffice365offer
forgovernmentorganizationsthatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
ProjectProfessional2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofProjectProfessional.
projectproposal(n)~Asuggestedprojectplan.Proposalsprovidebetterhigh-level
analysis,andenableyoutoapplyyourbusinessprocessestotrackpotentialprojects.
projectquery(n)~Aquerythatissavedforallusersofaproject.
projectquotation(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsanoffertosupplyaquantityof
productsoutputfromprojectactivitiesforaspecifiedpriceandbyaspecifieddatein
responsetoarequestforquotationinasalesprocess.
projectscope(n)~Theworkagreedtoanddocumentedbetweentheprojectsponsorand
theprojectteaminordertoplananddeliverthesolution.
ProjectServer2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofMicrosoftProjectServer.
ProjectServerEventManager(PN)~PartoftheProjectServerEventingServicethat
loadsandexecuteseventhandlers.
ProjectServerEventingService(PN)~AmechanismtoextendOfficeProjectServerby
addingnewbusinesslogic.Developerscanwriteeventhandlersthatcheckbusinessrules
andcancelanoperationthroughapre-event(forexample,beforeaprojectispublished),
orextendOfficeProjectServerandintegrateitwithotherapplicationssuchasworkflow
byusingapost-event(forexample,afteraprojectispublished).
ProjectServerExtensionsforTeamFoundationServer(PN)~Requiredsoftwarefor
ProjectServerintegrationwithTeamFoundationServer.ByinstallingtheseTeam
FoundationServerExtensionsforProjectServer,projectmanagerscanuseMicrosoft
ProjectServertoaccessup-to-dateprojectstatusandresourceavailabilityacrossagileand
formalsoftwareteamswhoworkinTeamFoundation.Thisintegrationenablesdatato
flowfromworkitemsinTeamFoundationServer(TFS)totasksinenterpriseproject
plansinProjectServer.
ProjectServerpermissionmodel(n)~Asecuritymodelinwhichpermissionsare
assigneddirectlyinProjectServerusingglobalandcategorypermissions.
ProjectServices(PN)~ASharePointapplicationservicethatenablesProjectServer
functionality.
ProjectSite(PN)~Asitetemplatethatisdesignedtoprovidelightweightproject
managementfunctionality,includingTasks,Calendar,Timeline,andProjectSummary.
ProjectSiteSync(PN)~AmechanismthatsynchronizespermissionsfromProjectServer
toprojectsitesthroughoutasitecollection.
ProjectStandard2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofProjectStandard.
projectsummarytask(n)~Ataskthatsummarizestheduration,work,andcostsofall
tasksinaproject.Theprojectsummarytaskappearsatthetopoftheproject,itsID
numberis0,anditpresentstheproject’stimelinefromstarttofinish.
projecttask(n)~Oneofthetasksthatcomprisethetasksinabusinessproject.
ProjectTasks(n)~ASharePointWebPartthatdisplaysalistoftasksaswellastheGantt
chartofthescheduleforthesetasks.
projecttriangle(n)~Theinterrelationshipoftime,money,andscope.Ifyouadjustany
oneoftheseelements,theothertwoareaffected.Forexample,ifyouadjusttheproject
plantoshortentheschedule,youmightincreasecostsanddecreasescope.
projecttype(n)~Aclassificationthatdetermineshowaprojectispostedtotheledger.
Projecttypeidentifiesanexternalprojectasfixedpriceortimeandmaterialsandan
internalprojectascost,investment,ortime.
projectvision(n)~Thepurpose,drivingfactors,andbackgroundforbuildingthesystem.
Thegoaloftheprojectvisionistoaligntheteamaroundacentralpurpose.
ProjectWatchFolder(n)~AfolderthatcorrespondstoaprojectcreatedintheProject
Center.Itemsinthisfolderwillautomaticallybeassociatedwiththeproject.
ProjectWebApp(PN)~TheWebbrowser-€“basedinterfaceofMicrosoftOfficeProject
thatprojectteammembersandstakeholderscanusetoaccessandupdateinformation
storedinMicrosoftProjectServer,withouthavingtoinstallMicrosoftProjectontheir
computers.
ProjectWebAppSiteSync(PN)~Amechanismthatsynchronizespermissionsfrom
ProjectServertotheProjectWebAppsite.
projectedavailableinventory(n)~Theinventoryquantitiesthatareexpectedtobe
availableatafuturepointintimecalculatedbyaddingscheduledsupplytoon-hand
inventoryandsubtractingscheduleddemand.
projecteddepreciation(n)~Theforecastedallocationofthecostofanassetoveraperiod
oftimeforaccountingandtaxpurposes.
projection(n)~Theselectioninaqueryofasubsetofthepropertiesorcolumnsinthe
datasource.
Projects(n)~AbuttonthattakestheusertotheProjectspage.
prolog(n)~Themachinecodebetweentheentrypointforanassemblylanguageroutine
andthecodeforitsfirstexecutablestatement.Prologsetsupthestackframeand
preservescertainregistervalues.
promise(n)~InJavaScriptasynchronousprogramming,theresultofapotentiallylong
runningandnotnecessarilycompleteoperation.
promissorynote(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsanagreementbetweentwo
partiesbasedonanunderstandingthatonepartywillcommittopayingtheotherpartyata
specifiedtimeorondemand.
promocode(n)~AcodethatcanbeusedtooffsetthefeeforadeveloperAccount.
promote(v)~Tomoveanitemtoahigherlevelwithinatreestructure.
promote(n)~Inanoutline,tochangebodytexttoaheading,ortochangeaheadingtoa
higherlevelheading-forexample,fromHeading6toHeading5.
promotion(n)~Theadvancementofaproduct,service,etc.toencouragecustomersto
makeapurchase.
promotioncode(n)~Theidentificationstringincludedwithacampaignactivitythat
relatesanindividualpieceofmarketingcollateralwiththecorrespondingcampaign.
promotionalallowance(n)~Apaymentofferedtoacustomerbyavendorinexchange
forpromotingtheirproducts.
promotionalbalance(n)~Anamountofmoneycreditedtoanaccountastheresultofa
promotionaloffer.
promotionalimage(n)~AnimageuploadedbythedeveloperthatMicrosoftcanuseasa
partofpromotionviaFeaturedlistsand/ormarketingcampaigns.
prompt(n)~Anaudiomessageplayedoverthetelephonetoexplainvalidoptionsto
users.
prompt(n)~Textorsymbolsindicatingthatacomputerprogramiswaitingforinputfrom
theuser.
promptpublishingpoint(n)~AfilesharewherestoragespaceisavailableforUnified
Messagingcustomprompts.Eachdialplanhasonlyonepromptpublishingpoint.
prompttone(n)~Asoundthatbecomesaudibletotheusertotriggeranactionbythe
user.
promptedquery(n)~Aqueryinwhichadialogboxpromptsausertosupplymore
information.Promptedqueriesareconstructedwithageneralexpression,notaspecific
value.TheSMS/ConfigurationManagerAdministratorconsolepromptstheusertosupply
theactualvaluewhenthequeryisrun.
proofofconcept(n)~Theverificationthattheselectedtechnologyperformsaccordingto
pre-establishedcriteriainalabenvironmentdesignedtosimulatetheproduction
environment.
proofofpurchase(n)~Theoriginalreceiptorotherdocumentwhichconfirmsacquisition
ofaparticularproduct.
proofingtools(n)~Acollectionoftoolssuchasaspellingchecker,grammarchecker,and
thesaurus.
propagate(v)~TodistributeanindexfromacontentindexservertooneormoreWeb
serversforthepurposesofprovidingsearch.
propagation(n)~Theprocessofdistributinganindexfromacontentindexservertoone
ormoreWebserversforthepurposesofprovidingsearch.
Properties(n)~Adockablewindowthatdisplaysthepropertiesthataresetonthe
selectedobject.Inmostcases,thepropertyvaluescanbeeditedinthewindow.
Properties(PN)~AUIelementthatuserscanclicktodisplayinformationabouta
selectedobject.
propertiespage(n)~Adialogboxthatdisplaysinformationaboutanobjectinthe
interface.
Propertiespanel(n)~Adockablewindowthatdisplaysthepropertiesthataresetonthe
selectedobject.Inmostcases,thepropertyvaluescanbeeditedinthewindow.
Propertieswindow(n)~Awindowthatisusedtodisplaypropertiesforobjectsselected
inthetwomaintypesofwindowsavailableintheVisualStudiointegrateddevelopment
environment(IDE).ThesetwotypesofwindowsareToolwindows(suchasSolution
Explorer,ClassView,andObjectbrowser)andDocumentwindows(containingsuch
editorsanddesignersastheformsdesigner,XMLeditor,andHTMLeditor).
property(n)~Attributeorcharacteristicofanobjectthatisusedtodefineitsstate,
appearance,orvalue.
propertybag(n)~AcontainerforstoringnativeSharePointobjectsandcustomdatafrom
firstandthirdparties.
propertycache(n)~ForIndexingService,afilethatstoresvaluesfordocument
properties.
propertydefinition(n)~Thecharacteristicsorpropertiesthatdefinehowapropertyis
usedandinterpreted.Thegroupofpropertiesthatformsapropertydefinitionisstoredina
dictionary.
PropertyEditor(n)~AmenuoptiononthePropertyPanelthatenablestheuserto
specifydocumentproperties.
propertyexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatisassignedtoapropertyandupdatesthe
valueoftheproperty.
propertygroup(n)~Asetoflogicallyrelatedpropertiesthatapplytoanobject.
propertyhandler(n)~Ahandlerthattranslatesdatastoredinafileintoastructured
schemathatisrecognizedbyandcanbeaccessedbyWindowsExplorer,WindowsSearch,
andotherapplications.
propertyinspector(n)~Adynamicpropertiesviewerthatdisplaysthepropertiesofthe
currentselection,usuallyofaparticulartypeofobject.Comparepropertysheet.
PropertyManager(PN)~ApartofManagingVisualC++Projectsthatenablesyouto
modifyprojectsettingsthataredefinedinpropertysheets.
propertymapping(n)~Amappingbetweenavariableandapropertyofapackage
element.
propertyname(n)~Astringvaluethatisusedtoidentifyanamedpropertywithina
givenpropertyset.NotethatpropertynamesandpropertyIDsaremutuallyexclusive.
propertypage(n)~Agroupingofpropertiespresentedasatabbedpageofaproperty
sheet.
propertypromotion(n)~ThepropagationofpropertiesviaInfoPathformsfromthe
underlyingdataintonamedpropertiesinOutlookorSharePointsites.Promotedproperties
areusedtogroup,filter,andsortdata,files,andfolders.
propertypromotion(n)~Themechanismthroughwhichspecificinstancemessage
contentiselevated(copied)tothemessagecontextcontainerforeasieraccessbyawide
varietyofBizTalkServercomponents.
propertyschema(n)~AschemathatyouassociatewithaBizTalkServerschema,and
usedtoidentifytheelementfieldsinadocumentthatwillbepromotedtothemessage
contextaspropertyfields.
propertyset(n)~Alistofproperties.
propertysheet(n)~Awindowusedtoviewormodifythepropertiesofvariousobjects
suchastables,queries,fields,forms,reports,dataaccesspages,andcontrols.
propertysheetcontrol(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolusedtocreatepropertysheet
interfaces.
propertystore(n)~Thetableofpropertiesandtheirvaluesusedandmaintainedbythe
Searchservice.
PropertyStore(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatfacilitatesaconvenientwaytogetandset
properties.Itprovidesaccesstopropertiesbyusingfriendlycanonicalnamesinatype
safemannerwithoutdealingwithPROPVARIANT.Developerscaneasilystorebasicdata
inapropertystore.
propertytrigger(n)~Themechanismbywhichachangeinonepropertytriggerseither
aninstantorananimatedchangeinoneormoreotherproperties.
propertyvalue(n)~Aspecificcharacteristicorparameterthatdefinesaproperty.For
example,propertyvaluesofaspecificMicrosoftWorddocumentcouldincludeSize=
10,000bytes,Created=Jan2,1999,andCharacters=5,250.
property-basedsearch(n)~Asearchmethodinwhichyoucansearchacatalogfor
productsthathavepropertieswithspecificvalues(suchasprice>$20andcolor=blue).
proposal(n)~Aformalbidforajoborsaleofproducts.
proposal(n)~Asuggestedprojectplan.Proposalsprovidebetterhigh-levelanalysis,and
enableyoutoapplyyourbusinessprocessestotrackpotentialprojects.
proposal(n)~Ameetingtoreviewasuggestedprojectplan,oraformalbidforajobor
saleofproducts.
proposedresource(n)~Aresourcewithapendingresourceallocationtoatask
assignmentthathasnotyetbeenauthorized.Thisresourceassignmentdoesnotdetract
fromtheavailabilityoftheresourcetoworkonotherprojects.
Proprietary~Referstoatechnologicaldesignorarchitecturewhoseconfigurationis
unavailabletothepublicandmaynotbeduplicatedwithoutpermissionfromthedesigner
orarchitect.Apple’sMacintosh?platformisthequintessentialexampleofproprietary
architecture.
prospect(v)~Toresearchpotentialcustomers.
prospect(n)~Apotentialcustomer.
prospect(n)~Aparticipantthathastheexistingandpotentialabilitytoprovideaservice
orprobablefutureeconomicbenefittoalegalentity.
prospect(n)~Apotentialcustomerthatasalespersoncancontactandeitherqualifyor
disqualifyasasalesopportunity.
prospecting(adj)~Atypeofcontactormeetingwithapersontogaugehisorherlevelof
interestinyourproductoroffer.
prospectivevendor(n)~Avendorwhoseabilitiesorcapabilitiestosupplyproductsto
oneormorelegalentitiesareunderreviewbeforebeinggrantedanapprovedvendor
status.
protect(v)~Toconfiguresettingstorestrictaccesstoorpermissionsforafileorspecific
elementswithinafile.
protect(v)~Tosafeguardaresourcefromattackorloss.
protectedadministrator(n)~AnaccountintheAdministratorsgroupofWindows-Vista.
Userswiththisaccounttypemustconsenttoperformadministrativeactivities.
protectedcomputer(n)~Acomputerthatcontainsdatasourcesthatareprotectiongroup
members.
protectedcontent(n)~Digitalmediacontentthatisprotectedbyalicenseagreement.
protecteddistributionpoint(n)~Adistributionpointthathasboundariessettoprevent
clientsoutsideoftheboundariesfromretrievingpackages.
ProtectedInteroperableFileFormat(PN)~Astandardmultimediafileformatfor
deliveryandplaybackofmultimediacontent.
protectedmember(n)~Adatasourcewithinaprotectiongroup.
protectedmode(n)~Ahighlyprivilegedmodeofoperationwhereprogramcodehas
directaccesstoallmemory,includingtheaddressspacesofalluser-modeprocessesand
applications,andtohardware.
protectedpartition(n)~Apartitiononasharedcomputerwhosestateismadestaticby
WindowsDiskProtection.
protectedserver(n)~Aserverthatcontainsdatasourcesthatareprotectiongroup
members.
ProtectedView(PN)~Afeaturethatoffersimprovedsecuritybyloadingadocumentina
read-onlyview,ratherthaninthefulleditor,forscenariosthatposeagreaterpotential
securityrisk.
protection(n)~Theprocessofprotectingdatafromlossorcorruptionbycentrally
creatingandmaintainingreplicasandshadowcopiesofthedata.DPMisdesignedto
provideshort-termdisk-basedbackup,tosupportrapidandreliablerecoveryofdata.
Protection(PN)~AtabwithintheExchangeAdministrationCenter(EAC)thatcontains
anti-virus/antispam,anddatalossprotection.
protectionagent(n)~Software,installedonaserver,thattrackschangestoprotecteddata
andtransfersthechangestotheDPMserver.Theprotectionagentalsoidentifiesdataona
serverthatcanbeprotectedandisinvolvedintherecoveryprocess.
protectionconfiguration(n)~Thecollectionofsettingsthatarecommontoaprotection
group;specifically,theprotectiongroupname,diskallocations,replicacreationmethod,
networkbandwidththrottling,andon-the-wirecompression.
protectiongroup(n)~Acollectionofdatasourcesthatsharethesameprotection
configurationandschedule.
protectiongroupmember(n)~Adatasourcewithinaprotectiongroup.
protectionlevel(n)~TheMicrosoftimplementationofanintegritylevel.Inparticular,a
protectionlevel,referstoanintegritylabelthatcontainsonlylevelinformation,without
theadditonalinformationtraditionallycontainedwithinintegritylevel.
protectionplan(n)~Thecollectionofrecurringjobdefinitionsandschedulesassociated
withaprotectiongroup.
protectionpoint(n)~Arecordofthecomputer’ssystemsettingsandfilesataspecific
momentintime.
protectionpolicy(n)~Thecollectionofrecurringjobdefinitionsandschedules
associatedwithaprotectiongroup.
protectionschedule(n)~Aschedulethatspecifieswhetherthereplicaissynchronized
withlivedataontheonanhourlyordailybasisaswellasthetimewhenshadowcopiesof
thereplicaarecreated.
protectionwarning(n)~AstatusthatindicatesanEndpointProtectionissuethathas
occurredonacomputerthatismanagedbyWindowsIntune.
protestedbillofexchange(n)~Adrawnbillofexchangethatacustomerhasrefusedto
pay.
protocol(n)~Astandardsetofformatsandproceduresthatenablecomputerstoexchange
information.
Protocol~Any‘language’usedbycomputerstocommunicatewitheachotherfor
particulartasks.
Protocol~OntheInternet‘protocol’usuallyreferstoasetofrulesthatdefineanexact
formatforcommunicationbetweensystems.
protocolhandler(n)~AhandlerthatgivestheWindowsSearchindexeraccesstodata
stores,enablingtheindexertocrawlthenodesofadatastoreandextractrelevant
informationtoindex.
protocolrollover(n)~Aprocedurethatenablesswitchingfromoneprotocoltoanother
whenaWindowsMediaserverfailstomakeaconnectionusingaparticularprotocol.
protocolsetting(n)~Asettingthatdefineshowbusinesstransactionsaretobesupported
foraspecificbusiness-to-businessprotocol.Eachbusinessprofiledefinesthevarious
settingsforprocessingmessages(encoding)ortransmittingmessages(transport)foreach
ofthebusiness-to-businessprotocolsoverwhichthepartnercancommunicate.Aprotocol
settingcanbeforencodingprotocolsorforatransportprotocol.
prototype(n)~Apreliminarytype,form,orinstanceofaproductorproductcomponent
thatservesasamodelforlaterstagesorforthefinal,completeversionoftheproduct.
provider(n)~InaWebPartsconnection,aservercontrolthatsendsdatatoaconsumer
control.AprovidercanbeaWebPartcontroloranytypeofservercontrol,butmustbe
designedtofunctionasaprovider.Aprovidermusthaveaspecialcallbackmethod
markedwithaConnectionProviderAttributeattributeinthesourcecode.Thismethod
providesdatatoconsumercontrolsintheformofaninterfaceinstance.
provider(n)~Anentitywhichprovidessomeservices.
provider(n)~Anin-processdynamiclinklibrary(DLL)thatprovidesaccesstoa
database.
provider(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatallowsareplicatosynchronizeitsdatawith
otherreplicas.
provider(n)~Acompanythatprovidesservicesorcontentforitscustomers.
providerAPI(n)~AsetofCOMinterfacesthatareimplementedbyUIAutomation
providers.
providerendpoint(n)~Anendpointthroughwhichanapplicationsystemexposesor
providesaserviceofsomekind.
providerinterface(n)~AsetofCOMinterfacesthatareimplementedbyUIAutomation
providers.
providerobject(n)~Anobjectthat’spartofadataprovidersuchasOracleProviderfor
SQLServer.
provision(v)~Toconfigureauseraccountandenabletheaccountwithaccesstosome
formofservice.
provisionalcode(n)~Acodeinareportdefinitionthatdetermineswhetherposted,
unposted,orbothpostedandunpostedfinancialdatatransactionsareincludedinthe
report.
provisionedcreditcardprocessingaccount(n)~Anaccountthathasbeensetupand
activatedforprocessingcreditcardpaymentsandwhichwassetupbyusingDynamics
Live.
ProvisionedIO-PageBlob/Disk(GB)(PN)~Theresourcefortheprovisioned
input/outputprocessesperformedbythelocallyredundantstoragetypeofStorageservice
forpageblobsandmeasuredinunitseconds.
ProvisionedIO-TransactionUnits(PageBlob)(PN)~Theresourcefortheprovisioned
input/outputprocessesperformedbytheStorageserviceforpageblobsandmeasuredin
unitseconds.
provisioning(n)~AprocessinwhichorganizationsandpublicIMserviceprovidersusea
Microsoft-hostedwebsitetoexchangeinformationnecessarytoestablishanIM
connection.
provisioning(n)~Theassignmentofaccessprivilegesandsystemresourcestousers,
includingemployees,contingentstaffandbusinesspartners;frequentlyautomatedaspart
ofIdentityandAccessManagementsolutionsinordertoreduceongoingsupportcostsand
enablecorporationstodemonstratetheircompliancewithdocumentedsecuritypolicies.
provisioning(n)~Theactofsupplyingandconfiguringcomputingresources.
provisioningdomain(n)~ThedomainnameoftheOutlookLivedomainthatyouare
configuringwithOutlookLiveDirectorySync(OLSync)(previouslyknownasGALSync
2010).WhenyoudeployOLSync,youmanuallyenteratleastoneprovisioningdomain,
forexample,student.contoso.edu,duringtheILM2007configurationprocess.The
provisioningdomainmustbeanaccepteddomaininyourOutlookLivedeployment.
provisioningpacket(n)~AnXMLpacketthatisdownloadedbythecomputerenabledby
FlexGotechnologyfromtheProvisioningServerovertheInternet.Provisioningpackets
containconfigurationinformationsuchasanenddateornumberofhoursofcomputer
usagetime.
provisioningrequest(n)~Arequest,throughMicrosoft,fromanorganizationdeploying
OfficeCommunicationsServer,orLiveCommunicationsServer2005SP1,toexchange
connectivityinformationwithoneormorepublicIMserviceproviders.
ProvisioningServer(n)~Theserverthatcreatespacketstomanagecomputersenabledby
FlexGotechnology.
ProvisioningService(n)~PartoftheProvisioningServerthatimplementsthe
ProvisioningServer’sbusinesslogic.
provisioningsite(n)~AMicrosoft-hostedsiteforprovisioningconnectivitywithpublic
IMserviceproviders.
proximity(n)~AWindowsfeaturethatenablesuserstoconnectcomputerswithasimple
tapgestureorbybrowsingforcomputerswithinwirelessrange.Iftwocomputerscome
within3-4centimetersofeachother,oraretappedtogether,theoperatingsystemofeach
computerbecomesawareoftheothercomputer.Also,ausercanbrowseforcomputers
withinwirelessrangethatareadvertisingforapeerconnection.Theusercanthenconnect
thetwocomputerstosharecontentsuchasphotosorlinks,orcreateamulti-player
experience.Iftheconnectionismadeusingatapgesture,theusercanalsopublishand
subscribetomessagestransmittedduringthetap.
ProximityAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatenablesawarenessofdeviceproximitywithinanapp.
ThesimplephysicalgestureoftappingdevicestogethercanbeusedtologintoWindows,
launchapplications,connectwithotherdevices,andsharecontentbetweendevices—all
withouttheuserneedingtoinitiateanyotheraction.
proximitysearch(n)~Full-textquerysearchingforthoseoccurrenceswherethespecified
wordsareclosetooneanother.
proximitysensor(n)~Atypeofsensorthatcandeterminewithoutphysicalcontactifan
object/personisnearby,orcanbeusedtomeasurethedistancebetweentheobject/person
andthesensordevice.
proxy(n)~Acomputer(orthesoftwarethatrunsonit)thatactsasabarrierbetweena
networkandtheInternetbypresentingonlyasinglenetworkaddresstoexternalsites.
proxy(n)~Aservice,process,orfilethatallowsthecomputertoserveasaninterface
devicebetweenaremotesystemandtheInternet.Commonusesofaproxyaretosend
unsolicited(spam)email.
Proxy(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerroledeployedtoforwardSIPtraffic,host
applications,orprovideconnectivitytousersinbranchoffices.
proxy(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatintermediatesrequestsfromclientsoftware
componentsandresponsesfromserviceorserversoftwarecomponentsthatrespondto
thoserequests.
Proxy~AProxyServersitsinbetweena-Client-andthe‘real’-Server-thataClientis
tryingtouse.Client’saresometimesconfiguredtouseaProxyServer,usually
an-HTTP-server.
proxyaccount(n)~Anaccountthatisusedtoprovideadditionalpermissionsforcertain
actionstouserswhichdonothavethesepermissionsbuthavetoexecutetheseactions.
proxyaddress(n)~TheaddressbywhichaExchangeServerrecipientobjectis
recognizedinaforeignmessagingsystem.InOutlookLive,proxyaddressesletpeople
receivee-mailthatissenttodifferente-mailaddresses.
proxyauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationmethodthatusesaproxyserver.
proxyauto-configfile(n)~Aconfigurationfilethatdefineshowwebbrowsersandother
useragentscanautomaticallychoosetheappropriateproxyserver(accessmethod)for
fetchingagivenURL.
proxycode(n)~Codegeneratedby.NETthatcreatestheinfrastructureaclientcanuseto
callaWebservice.
proxyendpoint(n)~Anendpointthatrepresentsaconnectionpointforanapplication
system.Proxyendpointsprovideaccesstoorfrommembersofthesystemfromoutside
thesystem.Aproxyendpointdelegatesitsbehaviortoanendpointonamemberofthe
system.
proxymanagementpoint(n)~AsecondarySMS/ConfigurationManagersite
managementpointthatservicestheAdvancedClientsthatarewithinitsboundaries.
AdvancedClientscanusetheproxymanagementpointtorequestpolicy,uploadinventory
data,requestpackagesourcelocation,anduploadstatusmessages.
proxyserver(n)~Aserverlocatedonanetworkbetweenclientsoftware,suchasaWeb
browser,andanotherserver.Itinterceptsallrequeststotheservertodeterminewhetherit
canfulfillthemitself.Ifnot,itforwardstherequesttoanotherserver.
Proxyserver~Acomputerusedtostorecopiesofpopularwebpagesatan-ISPand
providethemonrequest,tosavehavingtofetchthemfromthewebsiteagain.
PROXYAUTH(n)~Anattributethatrequiresaproxyservertoauthenticateusers,which
controlsconnectionstoselecteddestinations.
PRP(PN)~Asetofaccesscontrollists(ACLs)thatdeterminewhatcredentialscanor
cannotbereplicatedonaread-onlydomaincontroller(RODC).EachRODChasaunique
PasswordReplicationPolicy(PRP)thatisenforcedbythewritabledomaincontrollerthat
isitsreplicationpartner.
pruning(n)~AprocessthatremovesunavailableprintersfromActiveDirectory.A
programrunningonthedomaincontrollerperiodicallychecksfororphanedprinters
(printersthatareofflineorpowereddown)anddeletestheprinterobjectsoftheprintersit
cannotfind.
PS/2~ThetypeofconnectorusedtopluginmouseandkeyboardonmostmodernPCs,
nowgraduallybeingsupersededby-USB.PS/2wasoriginallythenameofaPCfrom
IBMwithanumberofinnovativebutnon-standardfeatures,includingspecialconnectors
formouseandkeyboard.ThePCdidn’tcatchonparticularlywell,mainlybecauseits
unusualarchitecturemeantthatitcouldnotacceptstandardexpansioncards,butitsmouse
andkeyboardconnectorsprovedpopularandwerewidelyadopted.
PS/2~PS2(withoutthe/)isoftenusedtorefertoSony’sPlayStation2,apopulargames
console.
PSC(PN)~AnobjectclassintheActiveDirectoryDomainServices(ADDS)schema
thatiscreatedbydefaultundertheSystemcontainerinthedomain.ThePasswordSettings
ContainerstoresPasswordSettingsobjects(PSOs)forthatdomain.
pseudoindex(n)~Adynamiccross-referenceofoneormoretabledatafields(columns)
thatpermitsanODBCtable(servertable)withoutauniqueindextobeedited.
pseudo-class(n)~AclassusedbyCSSselectorstoallowinformationthatisexternalto
theHTMLsource,suchaswhetheralinkhasbeenvisited,toclassifyelements.
pseudo-element(n)~AnelementusedbyCSSselectorstostyletypographicalratherthan
structuralelements.
pseudo-randomfunction(n)~Afunctionthattakesakey,label,andseedasinput,then
producesanoutputofarbitrarylength.
PSO(PN)~AnActiveDirectoryobjectthatisstoredinthePasswordSettingsContainer.
ThePasswordSettingsobjectholdstheattributesofacertainfine-grainedpassword
policy.
PSOM(n)~AcustomprotocolfortransportingWebconferencingcontent.
PSTimport(n)~AfeaturethatenablesITadministratorstomovePersonalFoldersfiles
(.pst)toamailboxinOffice365.A.pstfileisadatafilethatstoresyourmessagesand
otheritemsonyourcomputer.
PSTN(n)~Publicswitchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN)isusedbystandardanalog
telephonelines,availableworldwide.
PSTNconnectivity(n)~Connectivitywiththepublicswitchedtelephonenetwork
(PSTN)throughintegrationwithanaudioconferencingprovider.
PSTNusagerecords(n)~Publicswitchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN)usagerecords
specifyaclassofcall(suchasinternal,local,orlongdistance)thatcanbemadeby
varioususersorgroupsofusersinanorganization.
Psychedelic(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#67.
PsychedelicRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#93.
PTT(n)~Afunctionalitythatallowsausertopushabuttononacellphoneandbegin
voiceinput.
Public(adj)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatallowsasmallamountofinformationto
beviewed,typicallyfornonfederatedcontacts.
publicchat(n)~AconversationthatisopenforallSkypeuserstojoin.
publiccloud(n)~Acloudinfrastructuretypicallyownedandmanagedbyanorganization
thatsellscloudservices.Theresourcesaresharedbythegeneralpublicoragroupof
customersinordertooptimizeutilizationrates.
publiccloud(oth)~Acloudprovidedtothegeneralpublic.
publiccloud(n)~Thecloudinfrastructurethatisprovisionedforopenusebythegeneral
public.Itmaybeowned,managed,andoperatedbyabusiness,academic,orgovernment
organization,orsomecombinationofthem.Itexistsonthepremisesofthecloudprovider.
publiccomputer(n)~Acomputerinapublicenvironmentthatisaccessedbyseveral
differentusersonadailybasis.
PublicConversations(PN)~AwallinDynamicsCRMforconversationsthataremarked
asbeingabletobeseenbytheentireorganization.
PublicDomain~Ofallthekindsofsoftwareorinformationyoucandownload,public
domainhasthefeweststringsattached.Withpublicdomaindownloads,thereareno
copyrightrestrictions.
publicfolder(n)~Afolderonapublicserverthatpeoplecanusetoshareinformation,
suchasworkinformation,discussions,contacts,tasks,andclassifiedads.Access
permissionsdeterminewhocanviewandalterthefolderandtowhatextent.
Publicfolder(n)~ThefolderinWindowswhereyoustorefilesthatyouwanttoshare
withotherpeopleonthesamecomputerornetwork.ThePublicfolderislocatedinthe
Usersfolderofyourrootdirectory(forexample,C:\Users\Public).
publicFQDN(n)~TheFQDNofthepublicedgeofanedgeserver.
publicgroup(n)~Anitemintheglobaladdresslistthatprovidesaneasywaytosend
messagestoagroupofpeople.Apublicgroupcanincludeanyitemfromaglobaladdress
list,includingotherpublicgroups.
publicgroup(n)~AgroupinYammerthatanyonecanjoinevenwithoutaninvitation.
publicIM(n)~AconversationthatisopenforallSkypeuserstojoin.
publicIMconnectivity(n)~TheabilitytoconnecttopublicIMserviceproviders.
PublicIMConnectivity(n)~AMicrosoftlicenseofferedonaper-user,per-month
subscriptionpricewhichprovidesorganizationswiththecapabilitytoconnecttheir
existingbaseofLiveCommunicationsServer-enableduserstothetoppublicIMservice
providers(MSN,AOL,andYahoo!).
publicIMconnectivitycontact(n)~Acontactwhousesaninstantmessengerclientfrom
AOL,Yahoo!,MSN,ortheWindowsLivenetworkofInternetservices.
publicIMcontact(n)~AcontactwhousesaninstantmessengerclientfromAOL,
Yahoo!,MSN,ortheWindowsLivenetworkofInternetservices.
publicIMserviceprovider(n)~AnorganizationprovidingIM(instantmessaging)
servicestothepublic.
publicinstantmessengercontact(n)~Acontactwhousesaninstantmessengerclient
fromAOL,Yahoo!,MSN,ortheWindowsLivenetworkofInternetservices.
PublicIPAddresses(PN)~TheservicetypeoftheNetworkingservicethatenablesusers
toobtainandassignpublicIPaddressestovirtualmachinessothattheybecomedirectly
addressable.
publickey(n)~Thenonsecrethalfofacryptographickeypairthatisusedwithapublic
keyalgorithm.Publickeysaretypicallyusedwhenencryptingasessionkey,verifyinga
digitalsignature,orencryptingdatathatcanbedecryptedwiththecorrespondingprivate
key.
publickeyalgorithm(n)~Anasymmetriccipherthatusestwokeys,oneforencryption,
thepublickey,andtheotherfordecryption,theprivatekey.Asimpliedbythekeynames,
thepublickeyusedtoencodeplaintextcanbemadeavailabletoanyone.However,the
privatekeymustremainsecret.Onlytheprivatekeycandecrypttheciphertext.The
publickeyalgorithmusedinthisprocessisslow(ontheorderof1,000timesslowerthan
symmetricalgorithms),andistypicallyusedtoencryptsessionkeysordigitallysigna
message.
PublicKeyCryptographyStandards(n)~Afamilyofstandardsforpublickey
cryptographythatincludesRSAencryption,Diffie-Hellmankeyagreement,password-
basedencryption,extended-syntax,cryptographicmessagesyntax,privatekeyinformation
syntax,andcertificaterequestsyntax,aswellasselectedattributes.Developed,owned,
andmaintainedbyRSADataSecurity,Inc.
publickeyencryption(n)~Amethodofencryptionthatusesapairofmathematically
relatedkeys:apublickeyandacorrespondingprivatekey.Eitherkeycanbeusedto
encryptdata,butthecorrespondingkeymustbeusedtodecryptit.
publickeyinfrastructure(n)~Thelaws,policies,standards,andsoftwarethatregulate
ormanipulatecertificatesandpublicandprivatekeys.Inpractice,itisasystemofdigital
certificates,certificationauthorities,andotherregistrationauthoritiesthatverifyand
authenticatethevalidityofeachpartyinvolvedinanelectronictransaction.Standardsfor
PKIarestillevolving,eventhoughtheyarebeingwidelyimplementedasanecessary
elementofelectroniccommerce.
PublicKeyInfrastructurecertificate(n)~Asystemofdigitalcertificates,certification
authorities,andotherregistrationauthoritiesthatverifyandauthenticatethevalidityof
eachpartyinvolvedinanelectronictransaction.
publickeyinfrastructurehierarchy(n)~Ahierarchyinwhichtherolesofthe
certificationauthorityareseparatedintoonerootCAandoneormoresubordinateCAs.
publiclink(n)~Awebaddress(URL)ofafolderorphotoalbumonOneDrivethat
allowsaccesstoanyonewhovisitsthewebpage.Visitorsdon’tneedtohaveexplicit
sharingpermissionstothefolderoralbum,signintoWindowsLive,orevenhavea
WindowsLiveID.
publicnamesuffix(n)~Asuffixappendedtothenameofapublishedsite.Itisusedin
multiplewebsitepublishing.
publicnetwork(n)~Aclusternetworkthatsupportsclient-to-clustercommunication
(eitherwithorwithoutsupportingnode-to-nodecommunication).
publicqueue(n)~ForMessageQueuing,aqueuethatispublishedinActiveDirectory
andreplicatedthroughoutaWindowsenterprise.Publicqueuescan,therefore,belocated
byanycomputerrunningMessageQueuingwithintheenterprise.
publicswitchedtelephonenetwork(n)~Publicswitchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN)is
usedbystandardanalogtelephonelines,availableworldwide.
publicvariable(n)~AvariableyoudeclarewiththePublickeywordintheDeclarations
sectionofamodule.Apublicvariablecanbesharedbyalltheproceduresineverymodule
inadatabase.
PublicVirtualWorlds~anonlinenetworkedvirtualenvironmentinwhichparticipants
areimmersedina3Drepresentationofavirtualspaceandinteractwithotherparticipants
andtheenvironmentthroughanavatar
publication(n)~Acollectionofoneormorearticlesfromonedatabase.
publication(n)~Theoutputcreatedindesktoppublishingapplications.
publicationaccesslist(n)~TheprimarymechanismforsecuringthePublisher.It
containsalistoflogins,accounts,andgroupsthataregrantedaccesstothepublication.
publicationdatabase(n)~AdatabaseonthePublisherfromwhichdataanddatabase
objectsaremarkedforreplicationandpropagatedtoSubscribers.
publicationretentionperiod(n)~Inmergereplication,theamountoftimeasubscription
canremainunsynchronized.
public-facingURL(n)~AURLthatisdirectlyaccessibleovertheInternetandthatdoes
notrequirespecialcredentialsornetworkaccesstoconnecttoit.
publish(v)~Tomakeaform,view,deviceorotherresourceavailableoveranetwork.
publish(v)~Tomakedatareadyandavailableforsubsequentdistributionand
deploymentinaserverenvironment.
publish(v)~Tocopysomethingfromacomputertoalocationonline,suchasaphoto
albumorablogpost.
publish(v)~TosaveacopyofafileinHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)formattoa
Webserver.
publish(v)~TouploadanddeployawebsiteorcloudservicetoMicrosoftAzure.Users
canpublishtothestagingorproductionenvironment.
publishassignments(v)~Tonotifyresourcesofnewandchangedassignmentstotasks.
publishprofile(n)~Acollectionofdeployment-relatedsettingsthatisstoredinafile
(e.g..pubxml,.publishsettings).
PublishRecording(v)~AUIelementthatallowsausertosaveameetingtothe
conferencecenter.
Publishthisphonenumber(PN)~AnoptionintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePersonal
tab.Whenthecheckboxforthisoptionisselected,Communicatordisplaysthisphone
numberalongwithothercontactinformationfortheuser.
Published(adj)~Astatusthatindicatesanarticlehasbeenwrittenandapproved,andis
availableforviewing.
Published(adj)~AKnowledgebaseArticleStatus.ArticlesinthisStatuscanbeviewed
ontheSupportPortalbyCustomerswiththespecifiedSLAs.PublishedistheonlyStatus
thatmakesArticlespubliclyvisible.
publisheddata(n)~DataatthePublisherthathasbeenreplicated.
PublishedData(n)~Thedatathatispublishedtothedatabusfromeachactivityina
runbook.
Publisher(n)~Aserverthatmakesdataavailableforreplicationtootherservers.A
Publisheralsodetectschangeddataandmaintainsinformationaboutallpublicationsatthe
site.
publisher(n)~Theentitythatoffersaremoteworkspace,typicallytheITdepartmentof
theuser’semployer,abusinesspartnerorvendor,orlesscommonly,acommercial
applicationserviceprovider.Thepublishermayuseadigitalcertificatetorepresentits
identityanduseittosigntheremoteresourcefiles(e.g.RDPfiles)andtheworkspace
description(e.g.WebServicefeed).
publisher(n)~Apersonorbusinessthatmakesdataorapplicationsavailableto
customersthroughanonlinemarket.
Publisher2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofMicrosoftPublisher.
publisherdatabase(n)~Aserverthatmakesdataavailableforreplicationtoother
servers.APublisheralsodetectschangeddataandmaintainsinformationaboutall
publicationsatthesite.
publishing(n)~Methodofadvertisingafeatureorapplication.Publishingdoesnot
populatetheUI.However,ifanotherapplicationattemptstoopenapublishedapplication,
thereisenoughinformationpresentfortheinstallertoassignthepublishedapplication.
publishing(n)~Theadministrativetaskofmakingremoteresourcesavailabletoitsusers,
settingpoliciesthatcontrolhowuserswillconnect,howtheywillfindtheremote
resources,andwhatsettingsuserswillconnectwith.
publishingaction(n)~Thefunctionalitytostartaconversationonasocialnetwork,for
example,toreplyto,markasfavorite,orcommentonapost.
publishinglayoutview(n)~Aspecializedviewtailoredfortextbox-basedfreeform
documentcreation.
publishingpage(n)~AdocumentthatbindstoapagelayouttogenerateanHTMLpage
fordisplaytoareader.Publishingpageshavespecificfieldsthatcontainthecontentthatis
displayedinanHTMLpage.
publishingpoint(n)~Anorganizedmemorylocationthattranslatesaclientrequestfor
contentintothephysicalpathontheserverhostingthecontent.Apublishingpoint
essentiallyactsasaredirector.
publishingpoint(n)~ThecontrolpointforasingleLiveSmoothStreamingevent.
publishingprofile(n)~AdownloadablepackagefromtheMicrosoftAzureManagement
Portalthatprovidesthesecureconnectivityrequiredtopublish(uploadanddeploy)
websitesandcloudservicesfromalocaldevelopmentenvironment.
PublishingResources(n)~Awebsitecollectionfeaturethatcreatesallartifactsthatmust
bepresentfortheweb-levelpublishingfeaturetofunction.Theseincludeitemprofiles,
webparts,workflowdefinitions,workflowbindings,sitetemplates,events,actions,etc.
publishingserver(n)~AserverrunninganinstanceofAnalysisServicesthatstoresthe
sourcecubeforoneormorelinkedcubes.
publishingtable(n)~ThetableatthePublisherinwhichdatahasbeenmarkedfor
replicationandispartofapublication.
puffandsipdevice(n)~Anassistivecomputertechnologyforpeoplewithmobility
impairments.Apuffandsipdeviceisahead-mountedalternativetousingthemouse.The
deviceallowsausertomovethemousepointerwithoutusinghisorherhandsbypuffing
airintoatube.
puffiness(n)~AproblemwiththeSurfacescreenwhenoneareaofthediffuserisnotflat
liketherestofthediffuser.Forexample,agiantbubbleappearsinthediffuser.
PUID(PN)~AuniqueidentifierusedtorepresentaPassportaccount.
PUK(n)~An8-digitcodeusedtounlocktheSIMcard.APersonalUnlockingKeyisa
typeofpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN).
pull(v)~Theprocessofretrievingdatafromanetworkserver.
pull~Thetransmissionofinformationinresponsetoaspecificrequestforthat
information.Openingawebpageinabrowserisanexampleofpulltechnology.
pullquote(n)~Anexcerptfromthebodyofastorythatisusedasagraphicelementin
ordertocallattentiontoanimportantaspectofthetopicunderdiscussion.
pullreplication(n)~Replicationthatisinvokedatthetarget.
pullrequest(n)~Amethodofsubmittingcontributionstoanopendevelopmentproject
throughadistributedversioncontrolsystemsuchasGitoccurringwhenaskingfor
changescommittedtoanexternalrepositorytobeconsideredforinclusioninaproject’s
mainrepository.
pullsubscription(n)~AsubscriptioncreatedandadministeredattheSubscriber.The
DistributionAgentorMergeAgentforthesubscriptionrunsattheSubscriber.
Pull-downmenu~Amenuwhichappearsfromnowherewhenyouclickonorputyour
cursoroveralink.
Punk(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#43.
Punkrock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#121.
PurbleMaster(n)~SkilllevelinthePurblePlacegame.OnceaPurblePlacegameis
completed,aplayergetsaskilllevelrankassignedautomaticallybythegame(basedon
numberofguessesandhintsduringthegame).
PurblePairs(n)~ApartofthePurblePlacegamewheretheplayerhastoflipatileover
torevealapicture,andthentrytofinditsmatchsomewhereelse.
PurblePlace(n)~EducationalgameforchildrenthatispartoftheWindowsVista
operatingsystem.
PurbleShop(n)~AgamethatispartofthePurblePlacegamethatallowstheplayerto
buildaface.
purchaseaftertrial(n)~Topurchaseanappafterdownloading,installingandtryingit
out.
purchaseagreement(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsanagreementbetweentwo
ormorepartiesbasedonanunderstandingthatabuyingpartywillcommittopurchasinga
specificquantityorvalueofproductoveraperiodoftimeinexchangeforfavorableprices
anddiscounts.
purchaseagreementpolicy(n)~Apolicythatauthorizespartiestomodifypurchase
agreementterms.
purchaseamountapprovallimit(n)~Themaximumamountonapurchasedocument
thatanapproverisallowedtoapprove.
purchaseatdownload(n)~Topurchaseanappjustbeforedownloadingandinstallingit.
purchaseceiling(n)~Anupperlimitontheamountapersonorbusinessentityis
permittedtopurchaseduringaspecifiedperiodoftime.
purchaseinvoice(n)~Thebillthatanorganizationreceiveswhenapurchaseismade.
purchaseitem(n)~Anitemizedproductthatparticipatesinaprocurementprocess.
purchasemiscellaneouscharge(n)~Achargeonanitemthatiscalculatedindependent
ofthequantityonthepurchaseline.Anexampleofthistypeofchargeisanitem-specific
servicecharge.
purchaseorder(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentstheoffertobuyproductsorthe
acceptanceofanoffertosellproductsinexchangeforpayment.
purchaseorderdiscount(n)~Anamountdeductedfromthetotalnetamountcalculation
onapurchaseorder.
purchaseorderlinenetamount(n)~Theexpectedcurrencyamountforapurchaseorder
line,calculatedasfollows:Purchaseorderquantity*(Unitprice/Priceunit)-Trade
agreementdiscount+Purchasemiscellaneouscharge
purchaseordernetunitprice(n)~Theexpectedcurrencyamountperunitthatis
representedbythepurchaseorder,calculatedasfollows:Purchaseorderlinenetamount/
Quantityonthepurchaseorder
purchaseorderoverdeliverypercentage(n)~Thepercentagebywhichproductreceipt
quantitiesareallowedtoexceedthepurchaseorderquantity.
purchaseorderpolicy(n)~Apolicythatauthorizespartiestomodifypurchaseorder
termsandtocontrolorderprocessing.
purchaseorderunderdeliverypercentage(n)~Thepercentagebywhichproductreceipt
quantitiesareallowedtobelessthanthepurchaseorderquantity.
purchaseprice(n)~Thepriceofproductacquisitioncalculatedastheextendedprice
minustradediscounts.
purchaseprocess(n)~Themethod,orway,thatthecontactwillpurchaseaselected
product,forexample,bycreditcardorcheck.
purchasequotation(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsanoffertopurchasea
quantityofproductforaspecifiedpriceandbyaspecifieddateinresponsetoarequestfor
quotationinaprocurementprocess.
purchaserequest(n)~Aneconomiceventthatgeneratesrequirementsforproducts.
purchaserequisition(n)~Apaperorelectronicrequestmadetothepurchasing
departmenttoacquireaspecifiedamountofgoodsorservicesfromexternalsuppliersand
vendors.
purchaserequisition(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsproductrequestssothat
theycanbesubmittedforreviewandbeusedtoauthorizepurchasingbyapurchasing
organization.
purchaseunit(n)~Aunitofmeasureforexpressingquantitiesofpurchasedproduct.
purchaseunitprice(n)~Thepriceofapurchaseunit.
purchaseVAT(n)~Thetaxonanorganization’spurchasesorinputsupplies,whichis
leviedonthepurchaseprice.
purchaseid(n)~Auniquecodeusedtoidentifyapurchasefortransactiontrackingand
billingpurposes.
purchaser(n)~SomeoneontheBusinessStorewithpermissionstoacquireappsfromthe
BusinessStoreonbehalfoftheircompany,butdoesnothaveAccountsettingsor
Distributeappspermissions.
PurchasingAccount(PN)~TheCustomer,Affiliate,department,divisionorother
internalorganizationofCustomerthatisdesignatedonaPurchasingAccountregistration.
purecode(n)~Codethatcancontainbothnativeandmanageddatatypes,butonly
managedfunctions.
purelogbackup(n)~Abackupcontainingonlythetransactionlogcoveringaninterval
withoutanybulkchanges.
puretext(n)~Simplyformattedtextwithoutborders,graphics,orcells.Importantfor
Webpublishing.
purge(v)~Toeliminateoldorunneededinformationsystematically;tocleanup,asfiles.
pursuitteam(n)~Peoplewhoaremembersofthegroupthatisassignedtofollowupona
particularlead.
push(v)~Todeliverdatatoaclientwithoutaclientrequestforthedata.
push(v)~Theprocessofsendingdatatoanetworkserver.
push(v)~Toaddanewelementtoastack,adatastructuregenerallyusedtotemporarily
holdpiecesofdatabeingtransferredorthepartialresultofanarithmeticoperation.
push~Agenerictermappliedtothemethods,productsorservicesusedtodeliver
informationtoaninternetuser,withouttheuserspecificallyrequestingthatitemof
information.
pushbutton(n)~Astandardsystemcontrolthatinitiatesacommand.
pushnotification(n)~Atransientmessagefromtheapplicationtotheuserthatcontains
relevant,time-sensitiveinformationandprovidesquickaccesstothesubjectofthat
content.
pushnotifications(n)~Thesoundalerts,alertsonscreen(text),andbadgesthatare
pushedbyapplicationstoadevice.FortheWindowsPhone,pushnotificationsare
availablethroughtheLyncServerPushNotificationService.FortheiPhone,iPad,and
iPodtouchdevices,notificationsareavailablethroughtheApplePushNotification
Service.
pushreplication(n)~Replicationthatisinvokedatthesource.
pushsubscription(n)~AsubscriptioncreatedandadministeredatthePublisher.
push-buttonconfiguration(n)~InsomeWi-FiProtectedSetupnetworks,amethodthat
enablesuserstopushaphysicalorsoftware-basedbuttontoautomaticallyconfigure
networknames,connectdevicestothenetwork,andenabledataencryptionand
authentication.
push-buttonreset(n)~TheabilitytoeasilyreturnaPCtoapriorstate,eitherby
reinstallingWindowsandkeepingtheirfilesorbyresettingthePCtotheoriginalfactory
state.
pushpinmap(n)~Amapthatvisualizespostsbytheirpostlocationintheformof
pushpins.
push-to-talk(v)~Afunctionalitythatallowsausertopushabuttononacellphoneand
beginvoiceinput.
Puzzle&trivia(PN)~Agamecategorythatprimarilyfeaturespuzzleortriviachallenges.
puzzle+trivia(PN)~Agamecategorythatprimarilyfeaturespuzzleortriviachallenges.
PV(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthecostpriceandtheactualproductionprice.The
productionvarianceisdeterminedwhentheproductionorderiscalculated.
PVA(n)~Aservicethatimplementscontrolofin-conferenceservicesforonePSTNuser.
Itlistensforrequestkeycommandsfromtheuser’sPSTNdeviceandexecutesthemto
controlthephonefunctionality.Forexample,PVAimplements#6(mute)fromthePSTN
user.
PVR~(PersonalVideoRecorder)-ATVvideorecorderwhichrecordstoa-harddisk.
Typicallyastandaloneunit,butyoucanalsogetsoftwarewhichallowsyoutouseyour
PC’sharddiskforthispurpose.
PXE(n)~AremoteboottechnologybasedonDynamicHostConfigurationProtocol
(DHCP)thatisusedtostartorinstallanoperatingsystemonaclientcomputerfroma
remoteserver.AWDSServerisanexampleofaPXEServer.
PXEprotocol(n)~AnextensiontotheDHCPprotocolthatenablesinformationtobesent
tonetwork-bootablesystemsandenablesthesesystemstofindRISservers.
Pyramid(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayouttypethatincludeslayoutsdesignedtoshow
proportionalrelationshipswiththelargestcomponentonthetoporbottom.
pyramidchart(n)~Avariationonacolumnchartthatusespyramidshapesinsteadof
rectangularcolumns.
pyramiddiagram(n)~Adiagramthatisusedtoshowfoundation-basedrelationships.
PyramidList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowproportional,
interconnected,orhierarchicalrelationships.Textappearsintherectangularshapesontop
ofthepyramidbackground
Python~aprogramminglanguageinventedbyGuidovanRossumforquick,easy
constructionofrelativelysmallprograms,especiallythosethatinvolvecharacterstring
operations.www.python.org
Q&A(n)~Afeaturethatenablesattendeestoaskquestionsofpresentersameeting.
Q~
Q&A(PN)~ThenaturallanguagequeryenginepartofPowerBIforOffice365on
SharePointOnlineBIsiteswhichITcancustomizetohelpemployeessearchforspecific
datasets.
QA(n)~Aplannedandsystematicmeansforassuringthatdefinedstandards,practices,
procedures,andmethodsareappliedtotheprojectanditsresults.
QAgate(n)~Aworkflowactivityinanauthenticationphase,inwhichtherequestinguser
mustsupplyanswerstooneormorepredeterminedquestions.Thisactivityistypically
usedinpasswordreset,tochallengetheusertoprovetheiridentitybyprovidingtheuser
withaselectionofpre-determinedquestionsforwhichonlythatuserwouldknow.
Q-Band~alsoknownasV-Band,isaradiobandwidthrangebetween40GHzt050GHz.
QBE(n)~Asimple-to-usequerylanguageimplementedonseveralrelationaldatabase
managementsystems.Usingquerybyexample,theuserspecifiesfieldstobedisplayed,
intertablelinkages,andretrievalcriteriadirectlyontoformsdisplayedonthescreen.
Theseformsareadirectpictorialrepresentationofthetableandrowstructuresthatmake
upthedatabase.Thus,theconstructionofaquerybecomesasimplecheckoff’procedure
fromtheviewpointoftheuser.‘
QCIF(n)~Avideoformatthathas176pixelsby144linesand30fps.
QEC(n)~AcomponentinaNetworkAccessProtection(NAP)ClientArchitecture
definedforaspecifictypeofnetworkaccess(forexampleDHCPconfigurationorVPN
connections)andmatchedtoaspecifictypeofNAPserver.
QIC(n)~Astoragetechnologyusedwithtapebackupdrivesandcartridges.Ameansof
backingupdataoncomputersystems,QICrepresentsasetofstandardsdevisedtoenable
tapestobeusedwithdrivesfromdifferentmanufacturers.TheQICstandardsspecifythe
lengthoftape,thenumberofrecordingtracks,andthemagneticstrengthofthetape
coating,allofwhichdeterminetheamountofinformationthatcanbewrittentothetape.
OlderQIC-80drivescanholdupto340MBofcompresseddata.Newerversionscanhold
morethan1GBofinformation.
QoE(n)~Ameasurementofauser’sperceptionofthequalityofanaudiocommunication
session.Forexample,inavoicecommunication,QoEmonitorsechoesandbackground
noisessuchashissingintheline.
QoEMonitoringServer(n)~Aserverrolethatprovidesnearreal-timemonitoringand
serviceassessmentofmediainordertobetterunderstandthemediaqualitythatusersare
experiencing.
QoS(n)~Asetofqualityassurancestandardsandmechanismsfordatatransmission.
QPC(n)~AnAPIfortheHighPrecisionEventTimer(HPET).
QQ~TencentQQ,generallyreferredtoasQQ,isthemostpopularfreeinstantmessaging
computerprograminmainlandChina.-http://www.qq.com/
QRcode(n)~Aspecifictwo-dimensionalbarcode.
QST(n)~AprovincialsalestaxcollectedintheprovinceofQuébecinCanada.
quad(n)~Auniqueidentifiermadefromfourotherwiseseparatepiecesofinformation.
Forexample,acolorcanbespecifiedbyablack,yellow,magentaandcyanquad.
quad~Acablecontainingtwotwistedpairsofconductors.
quadcore~processorcontainsfourcores
Quad-core~PC-processorswhichhavefourcompleteprocessorsonthesamechip,
allowingcomputerstohandlemultipletasksfaster.Seealsodual-core.
quadraticattenuation(n)~Theintensityofabeamoflightthatdiminishesquicklyat
firstthenmoreslowlyasitgetsfurtherfromthelightsource.
quadraticBeziercurve(n)~Acurvedescribedbytwoendpointsandonecontrolpoint.
quadraticformula(n)~Aformulagivingtherootsofaquadraticequation.
qualifier(n)~Amodifiercontaininginformationthatdescribesaclass,instance,property,
method,orparameter.QualifiersaredefinedbytheCommonInformationModel(CIM),
bytheCIMObjectManager,andbydevelopers.
qualifierflavor(n)~Aflagthatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutaqualifier,suchas
whetheraderivedclassorinstancecanoverridethequalifier’soriginalvalue.
qualify(v)~Toverifythatarecordfitsspecificcriteriaandshouldbeconvertedtoan
opportunity,account,orcontact,orbeaddedtoamarketinglist.
QualifyLead(oth)~Torenderordeclaresomething,suchasalead,qualifiedorfit.
qualifying(adj)~Eligibleforsomethingbymeetingaspecificrequirementorcondition.
qualifyinglicense(n)~Duringsoftwareupgrades,thelicensefortheproductthatis
alreadyinstalledonthemachine,i.e.theversionbeingupgraded.
qualifyingproduct(n)~Duringsoftwareupgrades,theproductthatisalreadyinstalledon
themachine,i.e.theversiontobeupgraded.
qualitativeassessment(n)~Aprocessthatprioritizesrisks’effectsonprojectobjectives
forriskresponseplanning.
quality(n)~Thedegreeofexcellence,orthedesiredstandards,inaproduct,process,or
project.
qualityassurance(n)~Aplannedandsystematicmeansforassuringthatdefined
standards,practices,procedures,andmethodsareappliedtotheprojectanditsresults.
qualitydissatisfaction(n)~Thedissatisfactionthatoccurswhenthequalityofareleaseis
poor.
qualitylevel(n)~ApartoftheWindowsMediaconformancetestacceptancecriteria.A
deviceprofilemaycontainoneormorequalitylevelsusedtoevaluateaWMAorWMV
codec.
QualityofExperience(n)~Ameasurementofauser’sperceptionofthequalityofan
audiocommunicationsession.Forexample,inavoicecommunication,QoEmonitors
echoesandbackgroundnoisessuchashissingintheline.
QualityofExperienceMonitoringServer(n)~Aserverrolethatprovidesnearreal-time
monitoringandserviceassessmentofmediainordertobetterunderstandthemedia
qualitythatusersareexperiencing.
QualityofService(n)~Asetofqualityassurancestandardsandmechanismsfordata
transmission.
qualityofservicerequirement(n)~Atypeofworkitemthatrecordsaconstraintonthe
systemsuchasperformance,load,stress,securitymechanism,orplatform.These
requirementsdonotdescribefunctionalitybutratherconstraintsonthatfunctionality.
qualityorder(n)~Definesasetofoneormoreteststhatmustbeperformedforanitem
andatestquantityofitsrelatedorder(suchasapurchase,sales,orproductionorder)ora
testquantityofitsinventory.
quality-of-serviceindicator(n)~Astatisticthatindicatesthedegreetowhichacomputer,
serverfarm,orserverclustermeetsusagedemandsforthatconfiguration.
quantitativeassessment(n)~Aprocessthatmeasurestheprobabilityandconsequences
ofrisksandestimatestheirimplicationsforprojectobjectives.
quantity(n)~Anexactmeasureofsomecountableoperationalorfinancialcharacteristic
representedbyanumber.
quantitymatchvariance(n)~Amatchingdiscrepancybetweenthequantityonavendor
invoiceandthematchedquantitiesontherelatedpackingslips.
quantitysellingoption(n)~Anoptionintheproductcatalogthatdetermineswhethera
productissoldwhole,infractions,orinwholeandfractions,orifauserhasnocontrol
overthequantity.
quantityvariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenanorderedproductquantityanda
receivedproductquantitywhennomorereceiptsareexpected.
quantityvariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenanorderedproductquantityanda
deliveredproductquantitywhennomoredeliveriesareexpected.
quantum(n)~Abriefperiodoftimewhenagiventhreadexecutesinamultitasking
operatingsystem.Itperformsthemultitaskingbeforeitisrescheduledagainstother
threadswiththesamepriority.Previouslyknownasatimeslice.”
Quantumcomputing/theory~Dataisrepresentedaslinkedqubits(quantumbits),
whichhavetheabilitytorepresentallpossiblestatessimultaneously.Thisgivesquantum
computerstheabilitytooperateexponentiallyfasterthanconventionalcomputersasthe
wordlengthisincreased.
quarantine(n)~Thepracticeofholdingitemsfromuseuntilithasbeendeterminedthat
theyconformtoqualityorotherstandards.
quarantine~Atermusedtoisolatespame-mailmessages,itisoftenseeninanti-spam
software.Onceyouquarantinethesuspectmessages,youmustthendeletethem.
QuarantineAgent(n)~Aclientcomponentresponsibleforthecollectionand
managementofhealthinformationforamachineaswellasfacilitatingtheisolationofthat
machinefromothersonthenetwork;itcoordinatesinformationbetweenthevarious
SystemHealthAgents(SHAs)andQuarantineEnforcementClients(QECs).
quarantinedatabase(n)~Adatabaseintowhichinfectedmessagesandattachmentsare
placedinordertoisolatethem.
QuarantineEnforcementClient(n)~AcomponentinaNetworkAccessProtection
(NAP)ClientArchitecturedefinedforaspecifictypeofnetworkaccess(forexample
DHCPconfigurationorVPNconnections)andmatchedtoaspecifictypeofNAPserver.
QuarantineEnforcementServer(n)~AlogicalcomponentinaNetworkAccess
Protection(NAP)deploymentresponsibleforrestrictingaclientsnetworkaccessbasedon
thehealthevidenceitpresentsandforthenegotiationforaccesswithhealthaware
resources.
quarantinemanagement(n)~Theprocessandproceduresforhandlingitemsthatmove
toandfromquarantine.
quarantineorder(n)~Arequesttomoveitemstoorfromquarantine.
QuarantineServer(n)~TheservercomponentinaNetworkAccessProtection(NAP)
deploymentthatthatcoordinatestheoutputfromalltheSystemHealthValidatorsand
decideswhetheraQuarantineEnforcementServershouldquarantineaclientornot(IAS
isaQuarantineServer).
quarantinewarehouse(n)~Theplacewhereitemsarestoredwhileinquarantine.
QuarterCommonIntermediateFormat(n)~Avideoformatthathas176pixelsby144
linesand30fps.
quarterinchcartridge(n)~Astoragetechnologyusedwithtapebackupdrivesand
cartridges.Ameansofbackingupdataoncomputersystems,QICrepresentsasetof
standardsdevisedtoenabletapestobeusedwithdrivesfromdifferentmanufacturers.The
QICstandardsspecifythelengthoftape,thenumberofrecordingtracks,andthemagnetic
strengthofthetapecoating,allofwhichdeterminetheamountofinformationthatcanbe
writtentothetape.OlderQIC-80drivescanholdupto340MBofcompresseddata.
Newerversionscanholdmorethan1GBofinformation.
QuarterVideoGraphicsArray(n)~Avideoformatthathas320x240pixels,anda
1.33:1aspectratio.
query(v)~Toextractdatafromadatabaseandpresentitforuse.
query(n)~Aformalizedinstructiontoadatabasetoeitherreturnasetofrecordsor
performaspecifiedactiononasetofrecordsasspecifiedinthequery.
query(n)~Aformalizedinstructiontoadatasourcetoeitherextractdataorperforma
specifiedaction.Thequerycanbeintheformofaqueryexpression,oramethod-based
query(oracombinationofthetwo).Thedatasourcecanbeindifferentforms,e.g.
relationaldatabases,XMLdocuments,orin-memoryobjects.
query(n)~AnamedsetofcriteriathatVisualStudioTeamFoundationusestodisplay
workitems.
query(n)~AnexpressionintheformofaqueryexpressionoraStandardQueryOperator
methodcall(oracombinationofthetwo)thatextractsinformationfromadatasource.
query(n)~AninstanceofaquerytemplatethatrunscontinuouslyintheStreamInsight
serverprocessingeventsreceivedfrominstancesofinputadapterstowhichthequeryis
boundandsendingprocessedeventstoinstancesofoutputadapterstowhichitisbound.
Query~Incomputers,whatauserofasearchengineordatabaseentersissometimes
calledthequery.Toquery(verb)meanstosubmitaquery(noun).
querybinder(n)~AnobjectthatbindsanexistingStreamInsightquerytemplateto
specificinputandoutputadapters.
querybinding(n)~Theprocessofbindinginstancesofinputadaptersandinstancesof
outputadapterstoaninstanceofaquerytemplate.
QueryBox(PN)~Atextboxinwhichausertypeswordstobeginasearch-as-you-type’
experience.AQueryBoxdisplayscontext-sensitivequerycompletionsuggestions
QueryBuilder(n)~Theuserinterfacefordefiningworkitemqueries.
querybyexample(n)~Asimple-to-usequerylanguageimplementedonseveral
relationaldatabasemanagementsystems.Usingquerybyexample,theuserspecifies
fieldstobedisplayed,intertablelinkages,andretrievalcriteriadirectlyontoforms
displayedonthescreen.Theseformsareadirectpictorialrepresentationofthetableand
rowstructuresthatmakeupthedatabase.Thus,theconstructionofaquerybecomesa
simplecheckoff’procedurefromtheviewpointoftheuser.‘
queryclause(n)~Thecombinationofanexpression(orquerysubclause)anditsadjacent
logicaloperator.ItismodeledontheWHEREclauseofaSQLstatementandcontains
FieldName,operator,andvalue.
queryclause(n)~Asingleclauseofaqueryexpression.Thereareseveraldifferentquery
clauses,eachidentifiedbyitsinitiatingquerykeyword.Forinstance,thefrom/From
clause’referstoclauseslike‘FromcIncustomers’inVisualBasic
querycriteria(n)~Thesetofcriteriausedtosearchforobjects.
querydesign(n)~AllelementsincludedintheQuerywindow,suchastables,criteria,the
orderinwhichfieldsarearranged,andsoon.ThedesignalsospecifieswhetherAuto
Queryisturnedon,andwhetheryoucaneditthesourcedata.
queryexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatusesalanguage-integratedsyntaxforqueries.
queryfield(n)~Afieldthatcancontainavaluethatisusedinaquery.
querygovernor(n)~Aconfigurationoptionthatcanbeusedtopreventsystemresources
frombeingconsumedbylong-runningqueries.
queryhint(n)~Ahintthatspecifiesthattheindicatedhintsshouldbeusedthroughoutthe
query.Queryhintsaffectalloperatorsinthestatement.
querykeyword(n)~AcontextualkeywordinC#andVisualBasicthatdesignatesthe
queryclauseofaqueryexpression.Forexample,from,join,andselectarequery
keywordsinC#,andFrom,Join,andSelectarequerykeywordsinVisualbasic.
queryoptimization(n)~Theprocessthatdeterminesthebestexecutionstrategyfora
givenquery.
queryoptimizer(n)~Adatabaseenginecomponentresponsibleforgeneratingefficient
executionplansforstatements.
querypath(n)~Astringrepresentationofapaththatspecifieswhichrelatedobjectsto
returnwhenatypedobjectqueryisexecuted.
querypattern(n)~ThesetofstandardqueryoperatorsthatisavailableinallLINQ
queries,andtherulesthatdefinethestructureofaLINQquery.
queryplan(n)~Aninternalstrategybywhichadatabaseservertriestocreateresultsets
quickly.
QueryRemoteDesktopServerUtility(PN)~Autilitythatidentifiesremotedesktop
serversonthenetwork.
queryrole(n)~Therolenameofaserverthatservicesqueriesinthefarmtopology.
queryrule(n)~Arulethatanadministratorcanconfigureandapplytoqueryprocessing
tohelpoptimizeresultsandcreateanenhanceduserexperience.
queryserver(n)~Aserverthatisrunningthesearchserviceandservicingqueries.
QueryService(n)~Thewebserviceexposedbythewebfront-endthatallowsaclient
programtoexecutequeries.
querytemplate(n)~Thefundamentalunitofquerycomposition.Aquerytemplate
definesthebusinesslogicrequiredtocontinuouslyanalyzeandprocesseventssubmitted
toandemittedbytheStreamInsightserver.
queryvariable(n)~Avariablethatstoresaquery,asopposedtotheresultsofaquery.
QueryView(n)~TheVisualStudiodocumentwindowthatcontainsboththequery
builderandtheresultslist.QueryViewisdesignedtohelpyouquicklydefineandrun
yourownqueries.
QueryWebService(n)~AProvisioningServerWebservicethatrespondstocustomer
servicerelatedqueriesfromsolutionproviders.
Querywindow(n)~AwindowinwhichyouworkwithqueriesinDesignview,Datasheet
view,SQLview,orPrintPreview.
querywindow(n)~Areservedtimeforperforminglarge,resource-intensivequeriesfora
computer,serverfarm,orservercluster.
queryablemanagedproperty(n)~Amanagedpropertythatcanbequeriedagainst.The
querymustcontainthemanagedpropertyfieldname,eitherinthequeryitselfor
programmatically.
queryabletype(n)~ThetypeofthequeryvariableinaLINQquery.Thetypeofthe
variablethatrepresentsthedatasourceisalsoaqueryabletype.Aqueryabletypecanbe
implicitlyorexplicitlytyped,butineithercaseitmustbeagenericIEnumerableor
IQueryabletype.
query-basedreport(n)~AtypeofreportgeneratedfromanApplicationObjectTree
(AOT)query.
query-basedtestsuite(n)~Thesetoftestcasesthatarereturnedwhenaspecificqueryis
run.Ifnewtestcasesthatmeetthecriteriainthisqueryareaddedtothetestsuite,thenew
testcaseswillautomaticallyappearinthequery-basedtestsuite.
QueryPerformanceCounter(n)~AnAPIfortheHighPrecisionEventTimer(HPET).
query-sizethreshold(n)~Anadministrativesettingthatlimitsthenumberofquery
resultsforSharePointlists,sites,andsitecollectionsthatcontainalargenumberofitems.
quest(n)~Arequesttotryafeatureon-InsiderPreviewbuilds.Therequestscanbefound
withintheInsiderHubappforthoseinthe-WindowsInsider-Program.
Question(n)~AnoptionavailableintheCaseTypedrop-downlist.Acustomerservice
representative(CSR)canselectthisoptionforacustomerwhoisaskingaquestionand
requiresonlyananswer.
question(n)~Aquestion,usuallyfromadrop-downlist,thatuserscanusetoconfirm
theiridentityandresettheirpasswordincasetheyhaveforgottenit.
QuestionandAnswerlog(n)~Arecordofthequestionandansweractivityduringa
meeting.
QuestionManager(n)~Apresentertoolthatisusedtomanageandrespondtoquestions
frommeetingparticipants.
questionmark(n)~The?character,usedasapunctuationmarkorwildcardcharacter.
questiontemplate(n)~Astructurethatdescribesasetofquestionsthatcanbeasked
usingaparticularrelationshiporsetofrelationships.
question-markpointer(n)~Usethequestion-markpointertogetcontext-sensitiveHelp
ontoolbarbuttons,dialogboxoptions,toolsinthetoolbox,andotherpartsofthewindow.
QuestionsandAnswers(n)~Afeaturethatenablesattendeestoaskquestionsof
presentersameeting.
QuestionsandAnswerspane(n)~Aclientelementthatisusedforattendeestoask
questionsofpresenters.
queue(n)~Alistofprogramsortaskswaitingforexecution.
queue(n)~Aholdingcontainerforworkitems.Membersofaqueuemustbeofthesame
workitemclass(forexample,onlyincidents).
queue(n)~Aholdingareawherecallersarehelduntilanagentbecomesavailable.Each
queueisassociatedwith0,1,ormoreaddresses(phonenumberorSIPURI),whichmay
ormaynotbepublicForexample,anoverflowqueuemaynothaveanaddress,whereas
otherqueuesmayhavemultipleaddressesfordifferentgeographiczones.
queue(n)~AspecificinstanceoftheQueueservicethatrepresentsmessagesthatmaybe
retrievedbyaclientapplicationorservice.
Queue(n)~AcustomizedlistofTicketsthatcategorizesthembyspecificcriteria.
Queue~Aqueueisalistofjobsthatareawaitingtobeprocessed.Whenwhenajobis
senttoaqueue,itissimplyaddedtothelistofjobs.
Queue~Atemporarydelayinprovidingservicecausedbytheinabilityoftheparticular
systemtohandlethenumberofmessagesorcallsattempted
QueueReaderAgent(PN)~Theexecutablethatreadsthechangesfromsubscribersin
thequeueanddeliversthechangestothepublisher.
Queueservice(PN)~ThedatamanagementserviceinMicrosoftAzureStoragefor
storinglargenumbersofmessagesthatcanbeaccessedviaHTTPorHTTPS.
queuetime(n)~Thenumberofhoursspentwaitingforanoperationtobegin.
queuetimeafter(n)~Thepartofqueuetimespentwaitingforthenextoperation.
queuetimebefore(n)~Thepartofqueuetimespentwaitingforthecurrentoperationto
begin.
queueup(v)~Toaddasongorotherdigitalmediaitemtoalistofitemstobeplayed,
burned,orsynchronizedtoadevice.
queueworkflowworkitem(n)~Aworkflowworkitemthatisassignedtoaworkitem
queue.
queuing(n)~Aperformanceoptimizationinwhichcommunicationacrossnetworksand
systemsismaintainedregardlessofthecurrentstateofthecommunicatingapplications
andsystems.Applicationssendandreceivemessagesthroughmessagequeuesmaintained
evenwhentheapplicationortheserverisn’trunning.
Quickaccess(PN)~ThenewtoplevelviewinFileExplorerthatshowstheuser’smost
frequentlyusedandmostrecentlyusedfilesandfoldersorfolderspinnedbytheuserfor
quickaccess.
QuickAccessToolbar(n)~Acustomizabletoolbarthatprovidesone-clickaccessto
commands.
quickaction(n)~Asubsetofsettingsandfeaturesthatcanbeassignedtooneoffour
slotsinactioncenterforquick,one-tapaccess.Inaddition,theycanprovideuseful,
actionable,orcriticalinforegardingthesettingorfeature.
quickactioncommand(PN)~Acommandinthemessagelistthatenablesauserto
performaquickaction.
Quickadd(PN)~TheWebpageobjectthatassistsusersinfindingbothpublic(Weband
WindowsLive)andprivate(myWindowsLivecontent)contentforinsertionintotheir
authoredcontent.
QuickAnalysis(PN)~Afeaturethatenablessingle-clickaccesstotopdataanalysis
featuressuchasformulas,conditionalformatting,sparklines,chartsandPivotTable
reports.
quickcampaign(n)~Acommunicationmethodthatcreatesasingleactivityfor
distributiontoagroupofmarketinglists,accounts,contacts,orleads.Contrastwitha
campaign,whichsupportsanend-to-endmarketingprogramthathasmultipleactivities.
QuickClickcategory(n)~Adefaultcolorcategorythatisassignedtoanitemwhenyou
clicktheCategoriescolumnfortheiteminyourInboxorothertableview.Yousetthis
colorcategoryfromtheCategorizemenu.
QuickClickflag(n)~AdefaultflagthatisassignedtoanitemwhenyouclicktheFlag
StatuscolumninyourInboxorothertableview.Yousetthedefaulttime,date,orother
criteriafortheflagfromtheFollowUpmenu.
QuickCompose(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstocomposeorreplytoamessage
withoutleavingthecontextoftheconversation.
QuickContacts(PN)~Afeaturethatdisplaysalistoffrequentlyusedcontactsand
allowstheusertoinitiatecommunicationdirectlyfromthatlist.
QuickCreate(n)~AnoptiononthelowerleftcorneroftheWebapplicationthatenables
ausertoselectanewrecordtocreatefromthelist,withouthavingtonavigatetothepart
oftheUIthatappliestotheitemtheuserwantstocreate.
quickdeploy(n)~Adesignationthattheusercanapplytoacontentdeploymentjobto
denotethatitwillbedeployedfrequentlyandquickly.
QuickEdit(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesuserstoeditSharePointlistcontentdirectly
withoutopeninganeditwindow.
QuickExplore(PN)~Afeaturethatenablessingle-clickaccesstotrendandcontribution
patternswithinaPivotTableorPivotChartreport.
QuickForm(n)~Afeaturethatdisplaysashortformthatyoucanusetoquicklyenter
dataandcreaterecords.
quickform(n)~Aviewordisplayofashorterversionofaformthatallowsyoutoenter
andsavedataquicklyandeasily.
QuickInfotooltip(PN)~Thepop-upwindowthatdisplaysthecompletedeclarationfor
anidentifierwhenthepointerrestsontheidentifierinacodeeditorwindow.
QuickLaunch(n)~Acustomizableareaofthetaskbar,whichbydefaultisdisplayedto
therightoftheStartbutton.Itcontainsiconsyoucanclicktoopenprograms,suchas
WindowsExplorerorOutlookExpress,ortoshowthedesktop.Youcanaddorremove
iconstoitandmoveittoadifferentareaofthetaskbar.
QuickLaunch(n)~ThenameofthebarontheHomepageoftheWorksTaskLauncher.
TheQuickLaunchbarallowsuserstoquicklystartanyprogramincludedinWorksand
WorksSuite.
QuickLaunchtoolbar(n)~Acustomizableareaofthetaskbar,whichbydefaultis
displayedtotherightoftheStartbutton.Itcontainsiconsyoucanclicktoopenprograms,
suchasWindowsExplorerorOutlookExpress,ortoshowthedesktop.Youcanaddor
removeiconstoitandmoveittoadifferentareaofthetaskbar.
quicklink(n)~AcustomizablelinkontheHomepage(onamenuandacorresponding
Webpart).
QuickLync(PN)~Amenubarthatappearsbesidethepictureareaofacontactinthe
LyncContactslistthatshowstheavailablecommunicationmodes:IM,Call,Video,and
Viewcard.
QuickNotes(PN)~AsectioninthedefaultOneNotenotebookwherecertainnotesare
storedbydefault.
QuickParts(PN)~Afeaturethatcontainsgallerieswheretheusercancreate,store,and
findreusablepiecesofcontent,includingAutoText,documentproperties,fieldsand
buildingblocks.
QuickPartsgallery(PN)~Agallerytowhichuserscanaddreusablecontenttobe
displayedinQuickPartsandtheBuildingBlocksOrganizer.
QuickPath(PN)~Acontrolthatprovidestheessentialuserinterfaceneededforatask,
makingtheinteractionstraightforward.Thisfeatureshowsonlythemostmostrelevant
andmostoftenusedinformationoptionsinasimpleformat.
quickplay(n)~AnareaintheMusicappwhererecentlyplayedsongs/albumsand
service-generatedmixesareaggregated.
QuickPreview(PN)~Afeaturethatdisplaysapreviewofitemcontentwhenauser
hoversoverasearchresultinSharePoint.Thepreviewisoptimizedforthecontenttype.
QuickPublication(n)~Apre-formattedpublicationthatcanbequicklyfilledand
finalized.
quickreports(n)~IntheApplicationCompatibilityManager,thesetofeasilyaccessible
reportsbaseduponyourcompatibilityevaluationdata.
QuickRules(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsformdesignerstoselectfromagalleryofpre-
builtrulestomaketheirformsdynamic.
QuickSearch(n)~Asearchfeatureassociatedwithfoldersandprogramsthatbeginsto
displayresultsassoonasakeywordisentered.Whenyouentertext,filesinthecurrent
viewareautomaticallyfilteredtoshowonlythosethatmatchwhatyoutyped.
QuickShape(PN)~Ashapethathasbeenaddedtoaspecialareaofastenciltomakeit
moreeasilyaccessible.
QuickShapesarea(PN)~Anareaatthetopofeverystenciltowhichyoucanaddthe
shapesyouusemostoften,sothattheywillbemoreeasilyaccessible.
QuickShapesstencil(PN)~AstencilintheShapeswindowthatshowsalltheQuick
ShapesfromtheQuickShapesareaofeachopenstencil.
QuickShareAccount(PN)~Afeaturetodefinethequickuploadofimagesusingauser-
definedstoringlocation(suchasOneDriveorFacebook)tobelistedinthecontextmenu.
QuickStart(n)~Astand-alone,singledocumentthatuserscanusetogetstartedona
subjectortechnologyquickly.
Quickstart(PN)~Aformatforuserassistancecontentthatpresentssimplestepsona
giventopicthatenableausertobeginusingafeaturequickly.
QuickStart(n)~AvirtualmachinedeploymentthatinstallsRemoteDesktopServiceson
oneserver,createsacollectionandpublishesselectRemoteAppprograms.
QuickStart(n)~Auserexperiencebywhichauserispresumablyabletoeasily
configureanobjectofinterest.
QuickStartGuide(PN)~Theinitialuserreferenceguideorpieceofdocumentationfor
usingadeviceorfeature.
QuickSteps(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesaccesstogalleryoffrequently-usedactions
withthetouchofabutton.Userscancustomizethegallerytoexecuteacombinationof
operationsinoneclick.
QuickStyleset(n)~Acollectionofformattingoptions(QuickStyles)thataredesignedto
beusedtogether.
QuickStyles(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoselectfromagalleryofpre-defined
formattingstylesandapplythemquicklytotables,text,charts,drawingobjectsand
SmartArtgraphics.
QuickTabs(n)~Auserinterfaceelementthatprovidesuserswithaquickandeasyway
tonavigateacrossalargegroupofopenedWebpagesbyprovidingtheuserwithavisual
representationofalloftheopenedthumbnails.Throughthisvisualization,theusercan
easilyspotandselectadesiredthumbnail.
QuickTagEditor(n)~AtoolforquicklyselectingandinsertingHTML.
QuickTagTree(n)~ThehierarchicalHTMLtagstructureofanopenedHTMLdocument
thatappearsinawindowdockedbeneaththequicktagselector.
QuickText(PN)~Akeyboardfunctionalitythatenablestheusertoinsertpre-written
sentences,phrases,words,orcharactersinstantlyintoatextboxviaalistoptioninthe
softwareinputpanel(SIP).
QuickTour(n)~Anoverviewpresentationoffeaturesthatcanbelaunchedfromwithin
theprogram.
quickview(n)~Aviewthatprovidesone-clickaccesstoasubsetofe-mailmessages
basedonspecificcriteria,whichinclude:flagged(messagesthatthecustomerhas
designatedasrequiringfollow-up),photos(messagesthatcontainphotos),andsocial
updates(messagesthatoriginatefromasocialnetworkingservicesuchasFacebook).
quickviewform(n)~Aminiformthatshowsupwithinthemainform,sothatuserscan
createanewrecordforanentitywithoutleavingthecontextofthecurrentprocess.
Quickviews(PN)~Thegrouplabelforthelinksthatprovideone-clickaccesstoasubset
ofe-mailmessagesbasedonspecificcriteria,suchasflagged,containingphotos,andfrom
socialnetworkingservices.
QuickTime(PN)~SoftwarecomponentsdevelopedbyAppleforcreating,editing,
publishing,andviewingmultimediacontent.QuickTime,whichsupportsvideo,
animation,graphics,3-D,VR(virtualreality),MIDI,music,sound,andtext,hasbeenpart
oftheMacOSsinceversion7oftheoperatingsystemandisusedinmanyMacintosh
applications.WindowsapplicationscanalsorunQuickTimefilesbutrequirethe
installationofspecialplayersoftware.QuickTimeisoftenusedontheWebtoprovide
Webpageswithvideoandanimation.MostWebbrowserssupportplug-insforrunning
thesetypesoffiles.QuickTimeisalsopartofthenewMPEG-4specification.
Quicktime~AvideocompressionstandardcreatedbyApple,andtheprogramwhich
displayssuchmovies.UsuallyQuicktimefileshavetheextension.MOV.
quiesce(v)~Tobringaform,service,serverfarm,orformtemplateofflinegraduallyby
notacceptingnewusersessionsandallowingexistingsessionstofinish.
quietanswer(n)~Atelephone-answeringprotocolinwhichincomingcallsareanswered
withsilenceinsteadofatonesignal.Sometelephone-switchingsystemsusequiet
answering.Theseswitchingsystemsexpectthecallertoprovideanotherphonenumber,
code,orextensionafterthequietanswer.
quiethours(n)~ThetimeframeauserspecifiestosuppressnotificationsfromWindows.
quiethours(PN)~AfeatureinCortana’sNotebookthatenablestheusertoturnoffcall,
text,andothernotificationswithoptionstolettheinnercirclegetthrough.
quietmode(n)~Themodeofacommand-lineapplicationwhereitdoesnotdisplay
confirmationmessagesoranyotheruserinterfaceitemsthatnormallyappearonscreen.
Theswitchforquietmodeistypically‘/q’.
quiettime(n)~AtimeframesomeonespecifiestosuppressnotificationsfromWindows
LiveAlerts.
quit(n)~Acommandinmanyapplicationsforexitingtheprogram.
quiz(n)~Atestofknowledgethatconsistsofaseriesofshortquestions,oftenina
multiple-choiceformat.
quorum(n)~Inadatabasemirroringsessionwithawitnessserver,arelationshipinwhich
theserversthatcancurrentlycommunicatewitheachotherarbitratewhoownstheroleof
principalserver.
quorum(n)~Forafailovercluster,thenumberofelementsthatmustbeonlineforagiven
clustertocontinuerunning.Theelementsrelevantinthiscontextarenodesor,insome
cases,awitnessdiskorwitnessfileshare.
quorumconfiguration(n)~Settingsinafailoverclusterthatdeterminethepointatwhich
toomanyfailureswillstoptheclusterfromrunning.
quorumdisk(n)~Theclusterdiskonwhichconfigurationdataismaintainedinthe
quorumlog,clusterdatabasecheckpoint,andresourcecheckpoints.Thequorumdiskis
managedbythequorumresource,whichisusuallyaspecialkindofphysicaldisk
resource.
quorumlog(n)~Thelogwherethequorumresourcestoresdata.Thisdataismaintained
bytheclusteringsoftware.
quorummode(n)~TheWSFCquorumconfigurationinafailoverclusterthatdetermines
thenumberofnodefailuresthattheclustercansustain.
quorumresource(n)~Foraservercluster,thequorum-capableresourceselectedto
maintaintheconfigurationdatanecessaryforrecoveryofthecluster.Thisdatacontains
detailsofallofthechangesthathavebeenappliedtotheclusterdatabase.Thequorum
resourceisgenerallyaccessibletootherclusterresourcessothatanyclusternodehas
accesstothemostrecentdatabasechanges.Bydefaultthereisonlyonequorumresource
perservercluster.
quota(n)~Aper-processlimitontheuseofsystemresources.Foreachprocess,the
systemsetslimitsoncertainsystemresourcesthattheprocess’sthreadscanuse,for
example,thememorymanager.
quota(n)~Arevenueobjectivespecifiedasamonetaryamountthathasbeenassignedto
asalespersonforaspecifiedfiscalperiod.
quota(n)~Aper-userlimitoncloudcapacityusage.-Aquotacanconsistofseveral
dimensionssuchasCPUs,memory,storage,virtualmachines,andsoon.
quotalimit(n)~Theamountofdiskspaceavailabletoauser.
quotamessage(n)~Ane-mailmessagethatisautomaticallysentbyMicrosoftExchange
totheownersofamailboxorapublicfolderwhenasizelimit,whichiscalledastorage
quota,forthemailboxorpublicfolderhasbeenexceededorisatriskofbeingexceeded.
quotapoint(n)~Theunitbywhichthevirtualmachinequotaforaself-serviceuseror
groupiscalculated.Eachnewvirtualmachinecanaddzeroormorequotapointstoward
virtualmachinequotas.Thevirtualmachinetemplatethatisusedtocreatethevirtual
machinedetermineshowmanyquotapointsthevirtualmachineadds.Quotapointsonly
applytothequotawhileavirtualmachineisdeployed.
quotatemplate(n)~Atemplatethatdefinesaspacelimitonthephysicaldrive,thetype
ofquota(hardorsoft),andasetofnotificationstobegeneratedwhenthequotalimitis
beingapproached.
QuotaUsage(n)~Astoragereportthatliststhequotasthatexceedacertaindiskspace
usagelevel.Usethisreporttoquicklyidentifyquotasthatmaysoonbeexceededsothat
youcantaketheappropriateaction.
quotation(n)~Aformalofferforproductsorservices,proposedatspecificpricesand
relatedpaymentterms.
quotation(n)~AnabstractrepresentationofanF#expressionthatiscreatedby
bracketinganF#expressionwiththespecialsymbols<@and@>or<@@and@@>,for
example:<@1+1@>.
quotation(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsanoffertosupplyaquantityofproduct
foraspecifiedpriceandbyaspecifieddate.
quotationcurrencyunit(n)~Thecurrencyunitinanexchangeratecalculation.
quotationmanagement(n)~Theprocessofcreating,adjusting,issuing,processing,and
trackingaquotationfrombeginning,whencustomerinformationiscollected,toending,
whenthequotationislost,canceled,oraccepted.
quote(n)~Aformalofferforproductsorservices,proposedatspecificpricesandrelated
paymentterms.
quotedidentifier(n)~Anobjectinadatabasethatrequirestheuseofspecialcharacters
(delimiters)becausetheobjectnamedoesnotcomplywiththeformattingrulesofregular
identifiers.
QVGA(n)~Avideoformatthathas320x240pixels,anda1.33:1aspectratio.
QWERTY~Thistermisusedtodescribeastandard(Latinalphabet-based)keyboard.
Why?Becausethefirstsixkeysintheupper-leftpartofthekeyboardspelloutQ-W-E-R-
T-Y.IsupposeyoucouldcallitaQWERTYUIOPkeyboard,butQWERTYisaloteasier
tosay.
qword(n)~Adatatypeconsistingofa64-bitunsignedinteger.
R~
R&B(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#14.
R18+(oth)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheBritishBoardofFilmClassification
(BBFC).
R1C1notation(n)~Aconventionforreferencingthelocationofcellsinaworksheetin
whichboththerowsandthecolumnsontheworksheetarenumbered.Thelocationofa
cellisindicatedwithanR’followedbyarownumberanda‘C’followedbyacolumn
number.’
RA(n)~Anentitythatidentifiesandauthenticatescertificatesubjectsonbehalfofa
certificationauthority,butdoesnotissueorsigncertificates.
RA(n)~TheWindowsFabricsystemserviceresponsibleforimplementingthe
reconfigurationofreplica-sets.
racecondition(n)~Aconditioninwhichafeedbackcircuitinteractswithinternalcircuit
processesinawaythatproduceschaoticoutputbehavior.
racecondition(n)~Aconditioninwhichtwoormorethreadscanreachandexecutea
blockofcode,andtheprogramoutcomechangesradicallydependingonwhichthread
reachesthecodefirst.Araceconditionisbenignifalloutcomesarevalid.However,race
conditionscanbeassociatedwithsynchronizationerrorsthatcanresultinoneprocess
interferingwithanotherprocessandpossiblyintroduceavulnerability.Frequently,a
potentialoutcomeofaraceconditionleavestheprograminanunstableorinvalidstate.
Racing&flying(PN)~Agamecategorythatemphasizesracingelementsorvehicle
simulation.
racing+flying(PN)~Agamecategorythatemphasizesracingelementsorvehicle
simulation.
rack(n)~Astoragesystemwithmultipletiersthatcanaccommodatepalletsorother
standardizedcontainers.Typically,arackholdspalletsinverticalsections,butsomecan
alsobemorethanonepalletdeep.
rack~Aframeworkorstructurethatholdscomputerserversornetworkingequipment,
usuallybymeansofshelvesormountingplates.Theheightofcomputerequipmentis
expressedin-U,whichequalthedistancebetweenshelfincrementsinastandardrack
rack-mounted(adj)~Builtforinstallationinametalframeorcabinetofstandardwidth
(typically19inchesor23inches)andmountingarrangements.
rack-mountedchassis(n)~Achassistypethatcanbereportedbythe
Win32_SystemEnclosureclassinWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)andthat
referstoachassisthatisdesignedtoberack-mountable.
RAD(n)~Amethodofbuildingcomputersystemsinwhichthesystemisprogrammed
andimplementedinsegments,ratherthanwaitinguntiltheentireprojectiscompletedfor
implementation.DevelopedbyprogrammerJamesMartin,RADusessuchtoolsasCASE
andvisualprogramming.
RADWebAccessConfiguration(PN)~AnoptionontheRemoteDesktopServices
menuontheAdministrativeToolsmenuthatopenstheRADWebAccessWebsitefor
administrativepurposes.
radarchart(n)~Atypeofchartthatcomparestheaggregatevaluesofanumberofdata
series.
Radeon~RadeonisabrandofGPUandRAMproducedbyAMD
radial(adj)~Atypeoftransitionthatusesaneffectinvolvingacircleoracircularmotion.
RadialCycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowtherelationshiptoacentral
idea.Emphasizesbothinformationinthecentercircleandhowinformationintheouter
ringofcirclescontributestothecentralidea.ThefirstLevel1lineoftextcorrespondsto
thecentralcircle,anditsLevel2textcorrespondstotheouterringofcircles.Unusedtext
doesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
radialdiagram(n)~Adiagramthatisusedtoshowrelationshipsofelementstoacore
element.
radialgradient(n)~Abrushwhereonecolorgraduallytransitionsintoanotherinaradial
fashion.
RadialList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowrelationshipstoacentralidea
inacycle.Thecentershapecancontainapicture.Level1textappearsinthesmaller
circlesandanyrelatedLevel2textappearstothesideofthesmallercircles.
radialmenu(n)~Atouch-friendly,contextualcontrolthatpresentscommandsina
circulararrangement.
RadialVenn(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowbothoverlapping
relationshipsandtherelationshiptoacentralideainacycle.ThefirstlineofLevel1text
correspondstothecentralshapeandthelinesofLevel2textcorrespondtothe
surroundingcircularshapes.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyou
switchlayouts.
radian(n)~Theanglebetweentworadiiofacirclesuchthatthelengthofthearcbetween
themisequaltotheradius.Thecircumferenceofacircleisequalto2ptimestheradius,
sooneradiancontains360/(2p)=180/p=approximately57.2958degrees.Conversely,
multiplyingthenumberofdegreesbyp/180givesthenumberofradians;360degrees
equals2pradians.
radio(n)~Electromagneticwaveslongerthanabout0.3mm(frequencieslowerthan
about1THz).Radioisusedtotransmitawidevarietyofsignals,usingvariousfrequency
rangesandtypesofmodulation,suchasAMandFMbroadcasts,microwaverelays,and
televisionbroadcasts.
radio(n)~Apartofadevicethatconvertssoundwavesormechanicalmovementsinto
correspondingelectricwavesorimpulses.
Radio(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesunendingstreamofmusicbasednotontheuser’s
library,butonanartistorsongselectedbytheuser.
radiobutton(n)~Astandardcontrolthatallowsausertoselectfromafixedsetof
mutuallyexclusivechoices.
radiofrequencyidentification(n)~Atechnologythatusesradiofrequenciestoidentify
products.AnRFID-capableproducthasanRFIDtagthatcantransmitinformation,such
asserialnumber,toanRFreader,whichconvertstheinformationintodigitaldatathatcan
besenttoacomputer.
radiofrequencyidentificationsensor(n)~Atypeofsensor(suchasaproximitysensor)
thatusesradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)foranumerouspurposes,suchas
identificationofphysicalitems,automaticlogon,locationofpeople,etc.
RADIUS(n)~AproposedInternetprotocolinwhichanauthenticationserverprovides
authorizationandauthenticationinformationtoanetworkservertowhichauseris
attemptingtolink.
RADIUSOne-TimePassword(n)~Anauthenticationmethodthatsupportsthe
authenticationtoRADIUSserverusingpasswordsthatchange,basedontimeoronan
authenticationrequestcounter.
RADIUSOTP(n)~Anauthenticationmethodthatsupportstheauthenticationto
RADIUSserverusingpasswordsthatchange,basedontimeoronanauthentication
requestcounter.
radix(n)~Thebaseofanumbersystem-forexample,2inthebinarysystem,10inthe
decimalsystem,8intheoctalsystem,and16inthehexadecimalsystem.
raft(v)~Tomanipulateaninterfaceelement,suchasatoolbar,tosharehorizontalspace
withwhenitisdockedtoporbottom,orverticalspacewhendockedleftorright.
raggedhierarchy(n)~Ahierarchyinwhichoneormorelevelsdonotcontainmembers
inoneormorebranchesofthehierarchy.
raggedleft(adj)~Of,relatingto,orbeinglinesoftextwhoseleftendsarenotvertically
alignedbutformanirregularedge.Textmayberight-justifiedandhavearaggedleft
margin.Ragged-lefttextisusedinfrequently-typically,forvisualeffectinadvertisements.
raggedright(adj)~Of,relatingto,orbeinglinesoftextwhoserightendsarenot
verticallyalignedbutformanirregularedge.Lettersandotherword-processeddocuments
arecommonlyleft-justified,withragged-rightmargins.
RA-GRS(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatgivesusersreadaccesstotheir
secondarystoragereplicaintheeventofafailureintheirprimarystoragelocation.
RAID(n)~Amechanismforstoringidenticaldataonmultipledisksforredundancy,
improvedperformance,andincreasedmeantimebetweenfailures(MTBF).RAID
providesfaulttoleranceandappearstotheoperatingsystemasasinglelogicaldrive.
RAID~(RedundantArrayofInexpensiveDisks;pr.‘raid’)Awayofconnectingmultiple
harddiskstogethersothatacomputerseesthemasoneverylarge,veryfastdiskinstead
ofmanysmallerones,ortoaddredundancysothatifanydiskinthearrayisphysically
damaged,theothershaveacopyofallthedataandnothingislost.Oftencalleda‘RAID
array’,eventhoughtheacronymalreadycontainsthewordarray.Mostlyusedonnetwork
servers.
RAID-5volume(n)~Afault-tolerantvolumewithdataandparitystripedintermittently
acrossthreeormorephysicaldisks.Parityisacalculatedvaluethatisusedtoreconstruct
dataafterafailure.Ifaportionofaphysicaldiskfails,Windowsrecreatesthedatathat
wasonthefailedportionfromtheremainingdataandparity.YoucancreateRAID-5
volumesonlyondynamicdisksoncomputersrunningtheWindows2000Serveror
WindowsServer2003familiesofoperatingsystems.YoucannotmirrororextendRAID-5
volumes.InWindowsNT4.0,aRAID-5volumewasknownasastripedsetwithparity.
rail(n)~Inaslidercontrol,theelementtotherightofthethumbelement.
raiseanevent(v)~Performanaction,suchasclickingacontrolinagraphicaluser
interface,leadingtotheexecutionofapieceofcode.
RAISERRORstatement(n)~ATransact-SQL(T-SQL)statementthatdisplaysanerror
messageandsetsthe@@ERRORautomaticvariablewithoutchangingtheflowofthe
procedure.
RAM(n)~Thetemporarystorageareathecomputerusestorunprogramsandstoredata.
InformationstoredinRAMistemporaryandisdesignedtobeerasedwhenthecomputer
isturnedoff.
RAM~(RandomAccessMemory;pr.‘ram’)Thecomputer’smainmemory,whichituses
toholdwhateveryouarecurrentlyworkingon.ThecontentsofRAMarelostwhenthe
computerisswitchedoff.AddingmoreRAMisoftenthemostcost-effectiveupgradefor
anageingcomputer.
RAMcache(n)~Cachememorythatisusedbythesystemtostoreandretrievedatafrom
theRAM.Frequentlyaccessedsegmentsofdatamaybestoredinthecacheforquicker
accesscomparedwithsecondarystoragedevicessuchasdisks.
RAMchip(n)~Asemiconductorstoragedevice.RAMchipscanbeeitherdynamicor
staticmemory.
RAMresident(adj)~Permanentlylocatedinacomputer’smemory,ratherthanswapped
inandoutofmemoryasneeded.
random(adj)~Specifically,areferencetoanarbitraryorunpredictablesituationorevent.
Thetermisalsogivenanextended,pejorativeorsemi-pejorativemeaning,however,in
whichitisusedinthesenseofnonspecific,incoherent,poorlyorganized,loser,andsoon.
randomaccessmemory(n)~Thetemporarystorageareathecomputerusestorun
programsandstoredata.InformationstoredinRAMistemporaryandisdesignedtobe
erasedwhenthecomputeristurnedoff.
randomaccessmemorycache(n)~Cachememorythatisusedbythesystemtostore
andretrievedatafromtheRAM.Frequentlyaccessedsegmentsofdatamaybestoredin
thecacheforquickeraccesscomparedwithsecondarystoragedevicessuchasdisks.
randompasswordsetting(n)~Asettingthatdeterminesthenumberofcharacters
requiredtosetapasswordintheconnecteddirectory.
range(n)~Asequenceofvalues.
range(n)~Therangeofalight.Objectsthatarewithintherangewillbelitbythelight.
Objectsbeyondtherangeofthelightwillnotbelitbythelight.Rangepropertiesonly
applytotheSpotLightandPointLight.
range(n)~Asetofcontinuousitemidentifierstowhichthesameclockvectorapplies.A
rangeisrepresentedbyastartingpoint,anendingpoint,andaclockvectorthatappliesto
allIDsthatareinbetween.
range(n)~TheareaordistancethataBluetoothdeviceisabletocovertobesuccessfully
pairedwithanotherBluetoothdeviceorcomputer.
rangechart(n)~Atypeofchartthatdisplaysasetofdatapointsthatareeachdefinedby
multiplevaluesforthesamecategory.Valuesarerepresentedbytheheightofthemarker
asmeasuredbythevalueaxis.Categorylabelsaredisplayedonthecategoryaxis.The
plainrangechartfillsintheareabetweenthetopandbottomvalueforeachdatapoint.
rangename(n)~Anameassignedtoacellorgroupofcells.
rangepartition(n)~Atablepartitionthatisdefinedbyspecificandcustomizableranges
ofdata.
rangepartitioning(n)~Awayofpartitioningatableorindexbyspecifyingpartitionsto
holdrowswithrangesofvaluesfromasinglepartitioningcolumn.
rangequery(n)~Aquerythatspecifiesarangeofvaluesaspartofthesearchcriteria,
suchasallrowsfrom10through100.
rangeselection(n)~Aselectionthatconsistsofasetofobjectsthatarelogically
sequentialoradjacenttoeachother.
rangeutilization(n)~Ameasurethatshowshowmuchofapayrangeagivenemployee
hasutilizedandwhichisusedtodeterminethepotentialforadditionalincreaseswithinthe
range.Rangeutilizationiscalculatedasfollows:(FixedPayRate-€“RangeMinimum)/
(RangeMaximum-€“RangeMinimum).Iffixedpayrateequalstherangemaximum,
thentherangeutilizationequals100%,payatmidpointequals50%,andpayatminimum
equals0%.
rangevariable(n)~Avariablethatprovidesaccesstoeachelementinasequenceina
LINQquery.
rank(v)~Togiveauniquecardinalpositiontoeachentry,asinstackrank.
ranking(n)~TheprocessusedbyWindowsXPtorankdriverstodeterminewhichisthe
bestforadevice.Thelowertherank,thebetterthematchofthedrivertothedevice.
rankingfunction(n)~Functionthatreturnsrankinginformationabouteachrowinthe
window(partition)ofaresultsetdependingontherow’spositionwithinthewindow.
rankingmodel(n)~AnXMLdocumentthatdescribeshowtorankitemsinsearch
results.
Ransomware~aformofmalwareinwhichroguesoftwarecodeeffectivelyholdsa
user’scomputerhostageuntila‘ransom’feeispaid.RansomwareofteninfiltratesaPCas
acomputerwormorTrojanhorsethattakesadvantageofopensecurityvulnerabilities.
Rap(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#15.
RAP(n)~AMicrosoftServicesPremierSupportofferingthathelpspreventseriousissues
fromoccurringbyanalyzingthehealthandriskspresentinanenvironment.
rapidapplicationdevelopment(n)~Amethodofbuildingcomputersystemsinwhich
thesystemisprogrammedandimplementedinsegments,ratherthanwaitinguntilthe
entireprojectiscompletedforimplementation.DevelopedbyprogrammerJamesMartin,
RADusessuchtoolsasCASEandvisualprogramming.
RASaccount(n)~Anetworkaccountthatenablesamobiledevicetoremotelyaccessa
network.
RaspberryFillingButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallows
theplayertoselectaraspberryfillingfortheircake.
raster(n)~Arectangularpatternoflines;onavideodisplay,thehorizontalscanlines
fromwhichthetermrasterscanisderived.
rastergraphic(n)~Animagecreatedasacollectionofsmall,independentdots,called
pixels,whicharearrangedinrowsandcolumns.
rasterimage(n)~Adisplayimageformedbypatternsoflightanddarkordifferently
coloredpixelsinarectangulararray.
rasterization(n)~Theconversionofvectorgraphics(imagesdescribedintermsof
mathematicalelements,suchaspointsandlines)toequivalentimagescomposedofpixel
patternsthatcanbestoredandmanipulatedassetsofbits.
rateandreview(PN)~Anoptiontoratethecontentandaddareviewofanapp.
ratecard(n)~Asheetofpaperthatcontainsthestandardrateforthemediayoubuyand
sell.
rateengine(n)~Anenginethatcreatesaratingstructureandsetsupaninterfacebetween
ratingservicesandcarriercompanies.
rateofchange(n)~Therateofpricechangecomparedwithhistoricaldata.Therateof
changeiscalculatedagainstaperiodofdayspriortothecurrentprice.Theoutputisa
percentage.
rateshopping(n)~Theprocessoflocatinganddisplayingallshippingratesthatare
availableforaparticularload.
rating(n)~Anevaluationoftherelationshipbetweenabusinessandanaccountora
businesscontact(forexample,good,great,average).Partoftheaccountfinancial
information.
rating(n)~Anassessmentofmusicorvideocontentonascalethatcorrespondstothe
user’sopinionofthecontent.
rating(n)~AnassessmentofaStoreitemonascalethatcorrespondstotheuser’sopinion
ofthecontent.
ratingcontrol(n)~AcontrolthatdevelopersusetocreatearatingfeedbackUIelement.
ratingmodel(n)~Amodelofdefinedvaluesusedtorateanemployee’sperformance,
includinglevelofskills.
ratingshortcut(n)~Akeyboardshortcutoraremotecontrolthatyoucanusetorate
mediafilessuchasTVshowsorsongs.
Ratingsandreviews(PN)~ThesectioninWindowsStorecontainingtheuserratingsand
reviewsforagivenapp.
Rave(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#68.
rawcameraimage(n)~Abitmapthatthecameraobtainsandthatthedevelopersuseto
determineadditionaltypesofinput,suchasthesizeandshapeofanobjectthatisplaced
ontheSurfacescreen.
rawdata(n)~Unprocessed,typicallyunformatted,data,suchasastreamofbitsthathas
notbeenfilteredforcommandsorspecialcharacters.
rawfile(n)~Anativeformatforfastreadingandwritingofdata.
RawFiledestination(n)~AnSSISdestinationthatwritesrawdatatoafile.
RawFilesource(n)~AnSSISsourcethatreadsrawdatafromafile.
rawinput(n)~Theinputthatthedigitizerprovides.Itistheexactcoordinatesthatthe
hardwareprovidesintotheinputstack.
rawnotification(n)~AtypeofnotificationsentviatheMicrosoftPushNotification
ServicetoanapprunningonWindowsPhone.Theformatandmeaningofthedatais
determinedbytheapp.
rawsocket(n)~Asocketthatprovidesdirectaccesstolower-levelnetworkprotocols.
Razor(PN)~Abuilt-inviewengineforASP.NETMVCthatusestheRazorsyntax.
Razor(PN)~AnASP.NETsyntaxthatletsdeveloperscombineprogrammingcode(inC#
orVisualBasic)withHTMLmarkupinWebpages.
Razorsyntax(n)~AnASP.NETsyntaxthatletsdeveloperscombineprogrammingcode
(inC#orVisualBasic)withHTMLmarkupinWebpages.
RBACrole(n)~Theuserrolethatisassignedtoauseraccount,whichdeterminesthe
optionsthatarevisibletothatuserandthetasksthattheusercanperforminthe
managementinterfaceforExchangeLabs.
RBC(oth)~ThelargestbankinCanadaasmeasuredbyassetsandmarketcapitalization.
RBL(n)~Adynamiclistthatismaintainedinsideanorganizationorbyaremotethird-
partyorganizationthatcontainsalistofknownunsolicitede-mailsources.Thereceiving
mailservermayrefuseconnectionsfromaddressesthatareonaRBL.
RBLservice(PN)~ThebusinessthatcompilesanddistributeslistsofIPaddressesfrom
whichspamhasoriginatedinthepast.
RBS(n)~Thestructurethatdescribesanorganization’shierarchy.TheRBScodedefines
thehierarchicalpositionthataresourceholdsintheorganization.
RCAconnector(n)~Aconnectorusedforattachingaudioandvideodevices,suchas
stereoequipmentoracompositevideomonitor,toacomputer’svideoadapter.
RCW(n)~A.NETFrameworkobjectthatactsasaproxyforareference-countedCOM
object.
RDCAP(n)~ApolicythatallowstheadministratortospecifywhocanconnecttoanRD
Gatewayserver.Administratorscanalsospecifyrequirementsthatusersmustmeetto
connecttoanRDGatewayserver.AdministratorscanconfigureRDCAPsbyusingthe
AddRolesWizardduringinstallationoftheRDGatewayroleservice,orbyusingRD
GatewayManagerafterinstallation.
RDConnectionBroker(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesroleservicethatenablesa
usertoloadbalancesessionsinaremotedesktopserverfarm.Additionally,RD
ConnectionBrokerenablesausertoreconnecttoanexistingsessioninaload-balanced
remotedesktopserverfarm.
RDGateway(PN)~Aroleservicethatenablesauthorizedremoteuserstoconnectto
resourcesonaninternalcorporateorprivatenetwork,fromanyInternet-connecteddevice.
RDGatewayusesRemoteDesktopProtocol(RDP)overHTTPStohelpformasecure,
encryptedconnectionbetweenremoteusersontheInternetandtheremotecomputerson
whichtheirproductivityapplicationsrun.
RDGatewayManager(PN)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)consoleonan
RDGatewayserverthatadministratorscanusetoconfigureRemoteDesktopconnection
authorizationpolicies(RDCAPs),RemoteDesktopresourceauthorizationpolicies(RD
RAPs),andcomputergroupsassociatedwithRDRAPs.RDGatewayManageralso
providestoolstohelpmonitorRDGatewayconnectionstatus,health,andevents.
RDGatewayserver(n)~AserveronwhichtheRemoteDesktopGatewayroleserviceis
installed.Usersconnecttonetworkresourcesonaninternalcorporateorprivatenetwork
throughanRDGatewayserver.
RDGatewayserverfarm(n)~AgroupofRDGatewayserversthathavebeen
configuredtofunctioncorrectlyusingaloadbalancingsolutionthatisinplace.
RDGateway-managedcomputergroup(n)~Alistofnetworkresources(computers)on
aninternalcorporateorprivatenetworkthatuserscanaccessthroughanRDGateway
server.YoucanconfigureRDGateway-managedcomputergroupsbyusingRDGateway
ManagerafterinstallationoftheRDGatewayroleservice.
RDLicensing(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesroleservicethatmanagestheRemote
DesktopServicesclientaccesslicenses(RDSCALs).RDLicensinginstalls,issues,and
monitorstheavailabilityofRDSCALsonaRemoteDesktoplicenseserverbyusingRD
LicensingManager.
RDLicensingDiagnoser(PN)~Amanagementtoolthatprovidesinformationtohelp
identifypossiblelicensingproblemsfortheRemoteDesktopSessionHostserver.
RDLicensinggraceperiod(n)~Thegraceperiodduringwhichyoumustpurchaseand
installtheappropriatenumberofRDSCALsforeachdeviceoruserthatneedstoconnect
toaremotedesktopserver.
RDLicensingManager(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesmanagementtoolfor
installing,issuing,andmonitoringRemoteDesktopServicesclientaccesslicenses(RDS
CALs)onaRemoteDesktoplicenseserver.
RDManagementConsole(PN)~AServerManagercomponentforRemoteDesktop
Servicesusedtodeploy,configureandmanageRDSdeployments.
RDRAP(n)~Apolicythatallowsanadministratortospecifythenetworkresourcesthat
userscanconnecttothroughanRDGatewayserver.AdministratorscanconfigureRD
RAPsbyusingtheAddRolesWizardduringinstallationoftheRDGatewayroleservice,
orbyusingRDGatewayManagerafterinstallation.
RDSessionHost(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesroleservicethatenablesacomputer
thatisrunningWindowsServertohostWindows-basedprogramsorthefullWindows
desktop.
RDSessionHostserver(n)~AserverrunningtheRDSessionHostroleservicethat
hostsWindows-basedprogramsorthefullWindowsdesktopforRemoteDesktopServices
clients.
RDSessionHostserverrunninginredirectionmode(n)~AnRDSessionHostserver
runninginredirectionmode.
RDVirtualizationHost(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesroleservicethathoststhe
virtualmachinesthataremadeavailabletousersbyusingRemoteAppandDesktop
Connection.
RDA(n)~Aservicethatprovidesasimplewayforasmartdeviceapplicationtoaccess
(pull)andsend(push)datatoandfromaremoteSQLServerdatabasetableandalocal
SQLServerMobileEditiondatabasetable.RDAcanalsobeusedtoissueSQLcommands
onaserverrunningSQLServer.
RDBMS(n)~Adatabasesystemthatorganizesdataintorelatedrowsandcolumnsas
specifiedbyarelationalmodel.
RDC(PN)~Theclientsoftwarethatenablesuserstoconnecttoaremotecomputerthat
hastheRemoteDesktopfeatureenabledortoaremotedesktopserver.
RDF(n)~AspecificationdevelopedbytheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)todefine
aflexibleinfrastructurefororganizingandmanagingmetadata(dataaboutdata)acrossthe
WebandtheInternet.TheResourceDescriptionFrameworkisintendedtoprovidea
frameworkbasedonXML(eXtensibleMarkupLanguage)thatcanstandardizetheway
applicationsexchangemetadata(ormetacontent).Possibleusesincludesearchengines,
contentratingsystems,andotherareasinwhichexchangeofinformationaboutdatais
valuable.
RDFSiteSummary(n)~AnXML-basedsyndicationtechnologythatenableswebsitesto
distributecontent,suchasnewsheadlinesandblogposts,effecientlytoreaders.
RDFE(PN)~ThepubliclyexposedAPI,whichisthefrontendtotheManagementPortal
andtheServiceManagementAPI,actingaskindofrouterforrequestandtraffictoand
fromtheloadbalancersandfabriccontroller.
RDFI(n)~Thebankorfinancialinstitutionthatrepresentsthecustomerorvendorwho
receivesthepayment.
RDL(n)~Asetofinstructionsthatdescribelayoutandqueryinformationforareport.
RDLiscomposedofXMLelementsthatconformtoanXMLgrammarcreatedfor
ReportingServices.
RDLSandboxing(PN)~Afeaturethatmakesitpossibletodetectandrestrictspecific
typesofresourceusagebyindividualtenantsinascenariowheremultipletenantssharea
singleWebfarmofreportservers.
RDMA(n)~Anetworkingfeaturethatletsonecomputerdirectlyplaceinformationinto
thememoryofanothercomputer.
RDO(n)~Anobject-orienteddataaccesstoolfeaturedinVisualBasic4andlater.Remote
DataObjectshavenonativefileformatoftheirown;theycanbeusedonlywithdatabases
complyingwiththemostrecentODBCstandards.Thisfeatureispopularforitsspeedand
minimalcodingrequirements.
RDP(n)~Aproprietaryprotocoltoprovideremotedisplayandinputcapabilitiesover
networkconnectionsforWindows-®-basedapplicationsbetweentwocomputers.
RDS(PN)~Aserverrolethatprovidesmulti-useraccesstoapplicationsanddesktopsfor
non-adminpurposes;providestechnologiesthatenableuserstoaccessWindows-based
programsthatareinstalledonaremotedesktopserver,ortoaccesstheWindowsdesktop
itself,fromalmostanycomputingdevice.
RDSCAL(n)~Alicensethatisrequiredforauseroradevicetoconnecttoaremote
desktopserver.
RDSPerDeviceCAL(n)~OneofthetwotypesofRemoteDesktopServicesclient
accesslicenses(RDSCALs)thatpermitsonedevice(usedbyanyuser)toconnecttoa
remotedesktopserver.
RDSPerUserCAL(n)~OneofthetwotypesofRemoteDesktopServicesclientaccess
licenses(RDSCALs)thatpermitsoneusertoaccessremotedesktopserversfroman
unlimitednumberofclientcomputersordevices.
RDVH(PN)~AWindowsserverthatisrunningMicrosoftHyper-VServer.
RDWC(n)~AfeatureofWindowsthatwhendeployedonaWebserver,allowsauserto
connecttoremotedesktopserversandothercomputersthroughaWebbrowser,evenifthe
fullRemoteDesktopConnectionclientisnotinstalledontheuser’scomputer.
reach(n)~Thenumberofuniqueuserswhoperformaspecificaction,suchasclickingon
aspecificad.
reach(n)~Thepotentialsizeofthenetworkandsizeoftheaudienceofanauthor.
reachofclicks(n)~Thenumberofuniqueuserswhoperformaspecificaction,suchas
clickingonaspecificad.
reactivate(v)~Toactivateanaccountafterithasbeendeactivated.
read(n)~Theactionoftransferringdatafromaninputsourceintoacomputer’smemory
orfrommemoryintotheCPU(centralprocessingunit).
readaccess(n)~Aprivilegeonacomputersystemthatallowsausertoreadstoreddata.
Readmode(PN)~Amodethatisoptimizedforreadingorviewingcontentanddoesnot
supporteditfunctionality.
Readpermission(n)~Authorizationforauserorroletoreaddatainaformorreport,but
nottoenterdata,makeedits,ormodifythepropertiesoftheformorreport.
read/writememory(n)~Memorythatcanbebothreadfromandwrittento(modified).
SemiconductorRAMandcorememoryaretypicalread/writememorysystems.Compare
ROM(definition2).
Read+Writepermission(n)~Adesignationthatindicatesthatcertainusersorroleshave
bothReadandWritepermissionstoanobjectordataset.
readabilitystatistics(n)~InformationaboutthereadinglevelofadocumentinWord.
Read-AccessGeoRedundant(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatgivesusersread
accesstotheirsecondarystoragereplicaintheeventofafailureintheirprimarystorage
location.
reader(n)~Apersonwhoisallowedtoviewandreadcontent.
Reader(PN)~AnappthatfacilitatesthereadingofPDFandXPSfiles.
Reader(PN)~AuserroleintheEngagementfunctionalityofSocialListening.Aperson
withtheReaderrolecanreadpostsfromstreamsthataremadeavailabletothem.
readingindicator(n)~Avisualeffectinthenavigationpanethatshowsuserswherethey
areinadocument.
readinglayoutview(n)~Aviewthatisdesignedforreadingdocumentsonacomputer
screen.Thedocumentisresizedtofitthescreenandmosttoolbarsareremoved,but
commandsareavailablefornavigating,commenting,andlookingupwords.
ReadingList(PN)~TheWindowsappwhereuserscansavelinkstocontent(suchas
articlesorvideos)andthenquicklyreturntothemlater.
readinglist(n)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutobookmarkwebpagesandarticlestoread
later.
readingorder(n)~Thevisualorderinwhichcharacters,words,andgroupsofwordsare
displayed.EnglishandmostotherEuropeanlanguagesaredisplayedinleft-to-rightorder
andHebrew,Arabic,Persian,andUrduaredisplayedinright-to-leftorder.
readingpane(n)~Awindowinane-mailprogramwhereyoucanpreviewanitem
withoutopeningit.
readingpositionindicator(n)~Avisualeffectinthenavigationpanethatshowsusers
wheretheyareinadocument.
ReadingView(n)~AcommandontheViewmenuthatgivesyouthebestzoomlevelfor
readingnotesinWindowsJournal.
ReadingView(PN)~Aslideshowmodethatdisplayscontentinamanageablewindow
thatcanberesizedandfeaturesnavigationbuttons.Thismodeisoptimizedforreviewing
presentations,allowinguserstogetthefullexperience,completewithanimationsand
media,whileperformingothertasks,suchastakingnotes.
ReadingView(PN)~Aviewthatallowsuserstoreadadocument,butnottoeditit.
readingview(n)~Aviewthatdisplayswebarticlesinadistraction-freelayoutthatis
optimizedfortheirscreensize.
README(n)~Afilecontaininginformationthattheusereitherrequiresorwillfind
informativeandthatmightnothavebeenincludedinthedocumentation.Readmefilesare
placedondiskinplain-textform(withoutextraneousorprogram-specificcharacters)so
thattheycanbereadeasilybeavarietyofwordprocessingprograms.
Readme~Anelectronicdocument,usuallydistributedwithsoftware,containing
additionalinformation-thatdidn’tmakeitintotheprintedguides,oftengivingtipsabout
troubleshootinginstallationproblems,andlastminutechangestothesoftware.Itis
usuallyentitled‘readme.txt’.
readmefile(n)~Afilecontaininginformationthattheusereitherrequiresorwillfind
informativeandthatmightnothavebeenincludedinthedocumentation.Readmefilesare
placedondiskinplain-textform(withoutextraneousorprogram-specificcharacters)so
thattheycanbereadeasilybeavarietyofwordprocessingprograms.
read-only(Adverb)~Capableofbeingretrieved(read),printedorcopiedbutnot
changed(written)orsaved.
Read-only~Aread-onlyfilehasbeensetsothatitcannotbealteredordeleted.Also
called-write-protected.Youcanmakeafileread-onlyinWindowsbyright-clickingonit
andcheckingthe‘read-only’boxunderattributes.
Read-OnlyAdministratoruserrole(n)~Arolethatisusedtolimituserstoonly
viewingstatus,jobstatus,andpropertiesofobjectswithintheirassignedhostgroups,
privateclouds,andlibraryservers.ARead-OnlyAdministratorcannotcreatenewobjects.
Read-onlyAnalyst(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstoadministrativeusersso
thattheycanviewallobjectsinConfigurationManager.
read-onlyattribute(n)~Afileattribute,storedwithafile’sdirectoryentry,indicating
whetherornotafilemaybechangedorerased.Whentheread-onlyattributeisoff,the
filecanbemodifiedordeleted;whenitison,thefilecanonlybedisplayed.
read-onlydomaincontroller(n)~Adomaincontrollerthathasread-onlycopiesof
directorypartitions.
read-onlylibraryshare(n)~Alibrarysharethatisassignedtoaprivatecloudandthatis
usedtoshareresourcestoself-serviceusersthatdeployservicestothatprivatecloud.
read-onlymemory(n)~Asemiconductorcircuitthatcontainsinformationthatcannotbe
modified.
read-onlyreplicatedfolder(n)~Areplicatedfolderonaspecificmemberinwhichusers
cannotaddorchangefiles.
read-optimized(adj)~Typeofformthatisnoteditable,soviewerscanquicklyseedata,
butnotmodifyit.
read-throughprovider(n)~AnassemblythatisassociatedwithanAppFabriccachethat
iscalledwhenaclientmakesaread’requestforakeythatdoesnotcurrentlyexist.The
providerretrievesthisfromacustombackendstoreandreturnsthisseamlesslytothe
client.’
real(n)~Anapproximatenumericdatatypewithseven-digitprecision.Itcanhold
positivevaluesfromapproximately1.18E-38through3.40E+38,negativevaluesfrom
approximately-1.18E-38through-3.40E+38,orzero.
realaccount(n)~Anaccountbalancethatiscarriedforwardintoasubsequentfiscal
period.
realaddress(n)~Anabsolute(machine)addressspecifyingaphysicallocationin
memory.
RealAudio,RealMedia,RealVideo~Anaudioandvideocompressionsystemfrom
RealMediaIncwhichproducesfilessmallenoughtoplaybackinrealtimeoveran
ordinarymodem,atthecostofalotofsound/visionquality.
RealGambling(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
realmode(n)~AnoperatingmodeintheIntel80x86familyofmicroprocessors.Inreal
mode,theprocessorcanexecuteonlyoneprogramatatime.Itcanaccessnomorethan
about1MBofmemory,butitcanfreelyaccesssystemmemoryandinput/outputdevices.
Realmodeistheonlymodepossibleinthe8086processorandistheonlyoperatingmode
supportedbyMS-DOS.Incontrast,theprotectedmodeofferedinthe80286andhigher
microprocessorsprovidesthememorymanagementandmemoryprotectionneededfor
multitaskingenvironmentssuchasWindows.
realnumber(n)~Adatatype,inaprogramminglanguagesuchasPascal,thatisusedfor
storing,tosomelimitofprecision,valuesthatincludebothintegerandfractionalparts.
realstorage(n)~TheamountofRAMmemoryinasystem,asdistinguishedfromvirtual
memory.
realtime(n)~Theactualtimeinwhicheventsoccur.
RealAudio~acommunicationprotocoldevelopedbyRealNetworks
(www.realaudio.com)thatallowsaudiosignalstobebroadcastovertheInternet.
realization(n)~Thenumberofhoursthatthecontactworkedduringatimeperiodthat
arebillable,thatis,thesumofallhoursonalltimeslipsduringtheperiodthatwere
billable.
realizedgain(n)~Theincreaseinthevalueofanassetcalculatedasthedifferenceinthe
valueoftheassetwhentwoeconomiceventsoccurandwhenthedifferenceisrecognized
ontheoccurrenceofthesecondeventasanincreaseinwealth.
realizedgain(n)~Againrealizedduetothedifferenceinexchangeratesbetweenthe
transactionexchangerateandthepaymentexchangerateforamulticurrencytransaction
duringrevaluation.
realizedloss(n)~Thedecreaseinthevalueofanassetcalculatedasthedifferenceinthe
valueoftheassetwhentwoeconomiceventsoccurandwhenthedifferenceisrecognized
ontheoccurrenceofthesecondeventasareductioninwealth.
ReallySimpleSyndication(n)~AnXML-basedsyndicationtechnologythatenables
websitestodistributecontent,suchasnewsheadlinesandblogposts,effecientlyto
readers.
realm(n)~Asetofsecurityprinciples,inanon-Windowsnetworkedenvironment,that
aresubjecttoKerberosauthentication.
realm(n)~Adomainorresourceestablishedforsecurityreasons.
realmname(n)~Anidentifyingprefixorsuffixappendedtoausernametoenable
appropriateroutingandauthenticationduringaremotelogonprocess.
RealPlayer~awidelyusedprogramforplayingRealAudiofiles,distributedbyReal
Networks
real-time(n)~Oforrelatingtoatimeframeimposedbyexternalconstraints.Real-time
operationsarethoseinwhichthecomputer’sactivitiesmatchthehumanperceptionof
timeorthoseinwhichcomputeroperationsproceedatthesamerateasaphysicalor
externalprocess.Real-timeoperationsarecharacteristicofaircraftguidancesystems,
transaction-processingsystems,scientificapplications,andotherareasinwhicha
computermustrespondtosituationsastheyoccur(forexample,animatingagraphicina
flightsimulatorormakingcorrectionsbasedonmeasurements).
real-timeanimation(n)~Computeranimationinwhichimagesarecomputedand
updatedonthescreenatthesamerateatwhichtheobjectssimulatedmightmoveinthe
realworld.Real-timeanimationallowsdynamicinvolvementbytheuserbecausethe
computercanacceptandincorporatekeystrokesorcontrollermovementsasitisdrawing
thenextimageintheanimationsequence.Arcade-styleanimation(suchasinaflight
simulatorprogram)makesuseofreal-timeanimationintranslatinggameplaysintoon-
screenactions.Incontrast,inanimationdoneinvirtualtime,imageframesarefirst
calculatedandstoredandlaterreplayedatahigherratetoachievesmoothermovement.
real-timeblocklist(n)~Adynamiclistthatismaintainedinsideanorganizationorbya
remotethird-partyorganizationthatcontainsalistofknownunsolicitede-mailsources.
ThereceivingmailservermayrefuseconnectionsfromaddressesthatareonaRBL.
real-timeblocklistservice(PN)~ThebusinessthatcompilesanddistributeslistsofIP
addressesfromwhichspamhasoriginatedinthepast.
real-timeclock(n)~InPCs,circuitsorotherhardwareelementsthatprovidethesystem
withreal-worldtime.
Real-timeCo-authoring(n)~Theabilityofmultipleauthors,whoareeditingashared
document,tosimultaneouslyseetextandformattingchangesmadebyco-authorsasthey
addthem.
Real-TimeControlProtocol(n)~Ascalabletransportcontrolprotocolthatworkswith
theReal-TimeProtocol(RTP)tomonitorreal-timetransmissionstomultipleparticipants
overanetwork-forexample,duringvideoconferencing.TheReal-TimeControlProtocol,
orRTCP,transmitspacketsofcontrolinformationatregularintervalsandisusedto
determinehowwellinformationisbeingdeliveredtorecipients.
Real-TimeObject-OrientedModelingdiagram(n)~Agraphicalmodelofasystem’s
componentsandtheirrelationships(thestructure),andofthesystem’sresponsetoevents
(itsbehavior).
Real-timeprotection(n)~AnoptioninWindowsAntiSpywarethat,whenselected,
providesspywareprotectioninrealtime.
Real-TimeStreamingProtocol(n)~Anetworkprotocol,definedinRFC2326,for
controllingoneormoredigitalmediastreamsorapresentation(theaggregateofrelated
mediastreams).
re-application(n)~Theremovalofanitemapplicationbetweentwoitemledgerentries
(specifically,betweenaninventoryincreaseandaninventorydecrease)andthecreationof
anewapplicationforthoseitemledgerentriestootherentries.
rearm(v)~TorestoretheWindowsoperatingsystemtotheoriginallicensingstate.All
licensingandregistrydatarelatedtoactivationareeitherremovedorreset.Anygrace
periodtimersareresetaswell.
reasoncode(n)~Thecodethatrepresentsthecauseforacertainaction.
reasonID(n)~Theerror(identification)numberofthereasonforafailureofabulk
import.
rebalance(v)~Toredistributedataorresourcesmoreevenlyinordertochangethe
processingcapacity.
rebar(n)~Acontainerforchildwindowswithoneormorebands.Eachbandcancontain
onechildwindow,whichcanbeatoolbaroranyothercontrol.
rebarcontrol(n)~Acontainerforchildwindowswithoneormorebands.Eachbandcan
containonechildwindow,whichcanbeatoolbaroranyothercontrol.
rebase(v)~Totakeallthechangesthatwerecommittedononebranchandreplaythem
onanotherone.
rebate(n)~Arefundofanamountafterthefullamounthasbeenpaid.
rebindingstate(n)~AstateusedbyDHCPclientstoextendandrenewtheiraddresslease
whenthecurrentleaseisclosetoexpiring.Inthisstate,theclientbroadcaststothe
networktolocateanyDHCPserverthatcaneitherreneworreplaceitscurrentlyleased
configuration.Therebindingstatebeginswhen87.5percentoftheclient`sleasetimehas
elapsed.
Reboot~Restartthecomputer,eitherbyshuttingitdownproperlyandrestartingit(asoft
reboot),orjustswitchingitoffandonagain(ahardreboot-shouldonlybeusedasalast
resort).
rebuild(v)~Torecompilethesourceversionsinordertoproduceanamedsetof
deliverables(softwarecomponents).
recalculationanimation(n)~Ananimationeffectthatplayswhenthevalueofacellis
recalculated.Theoldvalueslidesoutofthebottomasthenewvalueslidesinfromthe
top.
receipt(n)~Theacceptanceofitemsintoinventory.
receiptadvice(n)~Abusinessdocumentthatdocumentsasummaryoftheproductsa
buyerreceivesfromavendor.
receiptdate(n)~Thedatetransferredgoodsarereceivedinawarehouse.Receiptdate
appliestotransferorders.
receiptitem(n)~Anitemizedproductthatisreceivedinanoperationsprocess.
receiptmargin(n)~Anumberofdaysaddedtoreceiptstoinventory,suchaspurchases,
toprotectagainstunplanneddelays.
ReceivableManagementServices(PN)~Acompanythatprovidesaccountsreceivable
anddebtcollectionservices.
receiveadapter(n)~Anadapterthatlistenstoaprotocol-specificaddressforanincoming
message.Whenthemessageisreceived,thereceiveadaptersendsthemessagethrough
thereceivepipelinetoeventuallybepersistedtotheMessageBoxdatabase.Asendadapter
acceptsamessagefromasendpipelineandsendsittothesendport.
receivefile(oth)~Togetadocument,video,photo,orotherfilefromanotheruservia
Skype.
receiveport(n)~Alogicalgroupingofsimilarreceivelocations.
ReceivedFiles(n)~AnitemontheViewmenuthatdisplaysthelistoffilesthattheuser
hasreceivedviainstantmessageconversations.
receivingdepositoryfinancialinstitution(n)~Thebankorfinancialinstitutionthat
representsthecustomerorvendorwhoreceivesthepayment.
recent(n)~TheUIlabelinMessengerfortheaspectofthesocialviewthatdisplays
unprioritizedrecentsocialactivityoffriends.
recentsearches(n)~Previoussearchesthatarerecommendedtousersbasedonwhatthey
aretyping.
Recently-foundsongs(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicsongsrecentlyfoundon
customerdrivesorstorage,regardlessofwhentheywerefirstrippedordownloaded.
recipient(n)~Theindividualoraccounttowhomanitemissent.
RecipientBlocklist(n)~Anadministrator-definedlistofrecipientsforwhichmail
cominginfromtheInternetshouldneverbeaccepted.
recipientlist(n)~Afilethatcontainstheuniqueinformationforeachdata-merged
document.
RecipientManagement(PN)~Therolegroupthatgivesusersthepermissionstocreate
andmanagemailboxes,publicgroups,andexternalcontacts.Memberscanalsoimport
newusers,trackmessagessentandreceivedbyusers,andmanageExchangeActiveSync
settingsfortheorganization.
recipientobject(n)~AnobjectthatrepresentsauserorresourceinOutlook,generallya
mailmessageaddressee.
recipientscope(n)~ThespecifiedportionoftheActiveDirectorydirectoryservice
hierarchythattheExchangeManagementConsoleandtheExchangeManagementShell
willuseforrecipientmanagement.Whenyousettherecipientscopetoaspecificlocation
withinActiveDirectory,youcanviewandmanageallrecipientsstoredinthatlocation
andallthecontainersunderit.
RecipientUpdateService(n)~Aservicethatupdatestherecipientobjectswithina
domainwithspecifictypesofinformation.
Reclaimed(PN)~StatusshownforataskthatisassignedinOutlookandtrackedinCRM,
wherethetaskassignmentisdeclined,andtheassignerofthetaskreassignsthetaskback
tohimselforherself.
recognition(n)~Theinterpretationofstrokesorgesturesascharactersoroperations.
recognitionaccountingrule(n)~Anaccountingrulethatprescribestherecognitionof
revenueandexpenditureinaccountsandonfinancialstatements.
recognitionaward(n)~Aone-timeawardthatcanbepaidoutimmediatelyinrecognition
ofspecialeffort,usuallyintheformofcash,stock,oragiftcertificate.Recognitionaward
plansusuallyinvolveanominationandapprovalprocessandrewardanaccomplishment
thatrepresentsabehaviororvaluepromotedbythecompany.
recognitionerror(n)~Amistakethatoccurswhenthespeechrecognizerorhandwriting
recognizerdoesnotinterpretyourspeechorhandwritingasyouintended.
recognitionprofile(n)~Theresultsfromyourspeechtrainingandtherecognition
settingsthatyouchose.
recognizedtext(n)~Textthatappearsunderyourhandwritingonthewritingpadorin
placeofthehandwrittenletterinthecharacterpad.
recognizer(n)~Asoftwaremodulethatrecognizesandprocessescomponentsofone
languageorgroupofrelatedlanguages,oraclassofrelatedobjectssuchasmusicalnotes,
systemgestures,andgeometricshapes.
recognizerlanguage(n)~Alanguagethatusercansetinhandwritingrecognizeron
TabletPC.
RecommendationService(PN)~AfeatureinthePowerPivotadd-inforExcelthat
identifiesthecategoriesofdatainyourExcelworkbook(suchascities,sportsteams,or
animals),sendsthosedatacategoriesonlinetoMicrosoft,andrecommendsothersetsof
similardatathatmightinterestyou.
recommendationworkstream(n)~Asetofactivitiesthatarecreatedforafixedor
variablecompensationplan.Theseactivitiesincludecalculatingaguidelineincreaseor
awardbasedonthealgorithmassociatedwithaspecificcompensationaction,enteringa
recommendedincreaseoraward,presentingtherecommendationforapproval(if
required),andloadingtherecommendationtotheemployee.
recommendations(n)~Asetoffeaturesthatidentifyandsurfacecontent,people,appsor
otheritemsthatausermaybeinterestedin.
Recommended(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforrecommendationitemsthatcanbeeither
basedonpersonalizationalgorithmornotcoveredbyanypersonalizationdata.
Recommendedartists(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicalartistsbasedon
personalizationalgorithm.
RecommendedCharts(PN)~Afeaturethatpresentstheuserwithrecommendedcharts
thatcanbeusedtodisplaythedataprovided.
Recommendedforyou(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemsbasedonpersonalization
algorithm.
Recommendedmovies(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformoviesbasedonpersonalization
algorithm.
Recommendedmusic(PN)~Thecollectiontitleformusicalbumsbasedon
personalizationalgorithm.
RecommendedPivotTables(PN)~Afeaturethatpresentstheuserwithrecommended
PivotTablesthatcanbeusedasastartingpointtoanalyzethedataprovided.
recommendedpointofinterest(n)~Apointofinterestthatyouwanttohighlightto
users.Youcanaddextrainformationandimagesaboutrecommendedpointsofinterest.
RecommendedTV(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforTVshowsbasedonpersonalization
algorithm.
recompile(v)~Tocompileaprogramagain,usuallybecauseofchangesthatneededtobe
madeinthesourcecodeinresponsetoerrormessagesgeneratedbythecompiler.
reconcile(v)~Tocompareandadjusttwoormoreaccountsorstatementssothatthe
figuresagree.
reconciliation(n)~Anadjustmentmadetotwoversionsofthesamefixedorcalculated
numberwhentheyarenotthesame.
reconciliation(n)~Apracticeofadjustingtwoormoreaccountsorstatementssothatthe
figuresagree.
reconfiguration(n)~Theprocessofchangingrolesofreplicasinthereplica-setdueto
failuresorloadbalancing.
ReconfigurationAgent(n)~TheWindowsFabricsystemserviceresponsiblefor
implementingthereconfigurationofreplica-sets.
record(n)~Agroupofrelatedfields(columns)ofinformationtreatedasaunitand
arrangedinahorizontallineinatableorspreadsheet.
record(n)~Theformusedtostorebusinessinformation(e.g.openactivities,activity
history,linkedrecords).
record(v)~Toaccountforthefinancialandoperationalconsequencesofaneconomic,
resourceflow,oraccountingevent.
record(n)~Anaccountofaneconomictransaction.
record(n)~Thedatathatdefinesanddescribestheparties,products,locations,and
activitiesthatcomposetheeconomictransaction.
Recordaclosedcampaignresponse(v)~Checkboxthatindicatesiftheuserwantsto
createacampaignresponsebasedontheinformationthatisincludedintheopportunity.
RecordKeyframe(v)~Tosetapropertychangetooccuratacertaintimeinananimation
storyboard.
recordlayout(n)~Theorganizationofdatafieldswithinarecord.
recordlength(n)~Theamountofstoragespacerequiredtocontainarecord,typically
giveninbytes.
RecordLink(n)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutoassociateoneormorelinks(URLs)witha
specificrecordinDynamicsNAV.
recordlocking(n)~Atechniqueemployedindistributedprocessingandothermultiuser
situationstopreventmorethanoneuseratatimefromwritingdatatoarecord.
recordselector(n)~Asmallboxorbartotheleftofarecordthatyoucanclicktoselect
theentirerecordinDatasheetviewandFormview.
recordset(n)~Adatastructuremadeupofagroupofdatabaserecords.Itcanoriginate
fromabasetableorfromaquerytothetable.
RecordSlideShow(PN)~Afeaturethatenablespresenterstocapturealltheelementsof
alivepresentation,includingnarration,slides,mouseclicks,A/Vplayback,andlaser
pointerhighlights.Theusercanselectwhichpresentationaspectstorecord.
RecordSoundtroubleshooter(n)~Atroubleshooterthathelpsfindandfixproblemsthat
preventyourcomputerordevicesfromrecordingsound.
recordsource(n)~Theunderlyingsourceofdataforaform,report,ordataaccesspage.
recordstatus(n)~Thecondition,ataparticulartime,ofarecord.
recordstructure(n)~Anorderedlistofthefieldsthatcomposearecord,togetherwitha
definitionofthedomain(acceptablevalues)ofeachfield.
recordtype(n)~Therepresentationofalltheinstancesofaparticularrecord.When
changesaremadetoarecordtype,thosechangeswillaffectallindividualrecordsofthat
type.
RecordWall(PN)~ApartoftheActivityFeedssolution,wherethepostsaboutrecords
aredisplayed.
RecordedTVLibrary(PN)~AWindowslibrarythatallowsuserstostore,manageand
sharealltheirrecordedTVitems.
recording(n)~Afeaturethatallowspresenterstocaptureandpublishtheaudioandvisual
componentsofameetingforlaterviewing.
recording(n)~Astoredrecordoftheaudioandvideocomponentsofameeting.
RecordsManagement(PN)~Therolegroupthatgivesuserspermissionstocreateand
manageorganization-widerules,alsoknownastransportrules.Membersoftherolegroup
canalsotrackmessagessentandreceivedbyusers.
recordset(n)~TheActiveXDatabaseObjects(ADO)objectusedtocontainaresultset.It
alsoexhibitscursorbehaviordependingontherecordsetpropertiessetbyanapplication.
ADOrecordsetsaremappedtoOLEDBrowsets.
recover(v)~Toputbackintoastablecondition.Acomputerusermaybeabletorecover
lostordamageddatabyusingaprogramtosearchforandsalvagewhateverinformation
remainsinstorage.Adatabasemayberecoveredbyrestoringitsintegrityaftersome
problemhasdamagedit,suchasabnormalterminationofthedatabasemanagement
program.
recover(v)~Toreturntoastableconditionaftersomeerrorhasoccurred.Aprogram
recoversfromanerrorbystabilizingitselfandresumingexecutionofinstructionswithout
userintervention.
RecoverLicensesWizard(PN)~Awizardthatenablesuserstoeitherimportlicenses
fromonelicenseserverontoanotherorre-installlicensespreviouslyinstalledintheir
serverbyre-buildingthelicenseserverdatabase.
recoverablesalestax(n)~Asalestaxleviedonpurchasedproductsthatisdeductedfrom
thesalestaxleviedonthesaleofthepurchasedproductswhenbothsalestaxesarepaidby
thesameparty.
recovery(n)~Aphaseofdatabasestartupthatbringsthedatabaseintoatransaction-
consistentstate.Recoverycanincluderollingforwardallthetransactionsinthelog
records(theredophase)androllingbackuncommittedtransactions(theundophase),
dependingonhowthedatabasewasshutdown.
recovery(n)~Afterasystemfailure,therestorationoflostdataorthereconciliationof
conflictingorerroneousdata.
recoveryagent(n)~Apersonwhoisissuedapublickeycertificateforthepurposeof
recoveringuserdatathatisencryptedwithEncryptingFileSystem(EFS).
recoverybranch(n)~ArangeofLSNsthatsharethesamerecoverybranchGUID.A
newrecoverybranchoriginateswhenadatabaseiscreatedorwhenRESTOREWITH
RECOVERYgeneratesarecoveryfork.Amultiple-branchrecoverypathispossiblethat
includesrangesofLSNsthatcovertwoormorerecoveryforkpoints.
recoverycollection(n)~Theaggregateofallrecoveryjobsassociatedwithasingle
recoveryoperation.
RecoveryConsole(n)~Acommand-lineinterfacethatprovidesalimitedsetof
administrativecommandsthatareusefulforrepairingacomputer.
RecoveryExpert---(PN)~AnSMSbackupandrecoverytool.TheRecoveryExpert
collectsinformationaboutasitefailurescenariobypresentingquestions.Itthenevaluates
theanswersandpresentsalistoftasksthatmustbeperformedtorecoverthesite.
recoveryforkpoint(n)~Thepoint(LSN,GUID)atwhichanewrecoverybranchis
started,everytimeaRESTOREWITHRECOVERYisperformed.Eachrecoveryfork
determinesaparent-childrelationshipbetweentherecoverybranches.Ifyourecovera
databasetoanearlierpointintimeandbeginusingthedatabasefromthatpoint,the
recoveryforkpointstartsanewrecoverypath.
recoverygoal(n)~Oneofthegoalsthatneedtobemetduringrecovery.Thefollowing
threearepossible:recoveryrange,datalosstolerance,andfrequencyofrecoverypoints
forprotecteddata.
recoveryimage(n)~Adiskimageprovidedforuseinrepairingorreinstallingan
installationofWindows.
recoveryinterval(n)~ThemaximumamountoftimethattheDatabaseEngineshould
requiretorecoveradatabase.
recoverykey(n)~AkeythatisusedforrecoveringdatathatisencryptedonaBitLocker
volume.Thiskeyiscryptographicallyequivalenttoastartupkey.Ifavailable,the
recoverykeydecryptsthevolumemasterkey,whichinturndecryptsthefullvolume
encryptionkey.TherecoverykeyisstoredonaUSBflashdrive.Tousetherecoverykey,
auserinsertstheUSBflashdriveandthenrestartsthecomputer.
recoverykey(n)~AcodeusedtoremoveResetprotectionwithouthavingtheMicrosoft
accountcredentialsthatwereusedtoturniton.
recoverylog(n)~Thelogwherethequorumresourcestoresdata.Thisdataismaintained
bytheclusteringsoftware.
RecoveryManager(PN)~TheAzureservicethatletsyoucoordinatethereplicationand
recoveryofSystemCenter2012privatecloudsatasecondarylocation.
recoverymedia(n)~MediaprovidedbytheOEMtothecustomerthatenablesthe
customertorepairorreinstalltheirinstallationofWindows.
recoverymode(n)~AmodeinwhichBitLockerDriveEncryptionpreventsaccesstothe
encrypteddrive,eitherbecausethesystemcomponentshavechangedorbecauseitneeds
anauthenticationkey.Inthiscircumstance,theuserinvestigateswhyBitLockertriggered
recoverymodeandcaneitherrepairthesystemorentertherecoverypasswordtoexit
recoverymode.
recoverymodel(n)~Adatabasepropertythatcontrolsthebasicbehaviorofbackupand
restoreoperationsforadatabase.Forinstance,therecoverymodelcontrolshow
transactionsarelogged,whetherthetransactionlogrequiresbackingup,andwhatkindsof
restoreoperationsareavailable.
recoveryoption(n)~Anyinputprovidedbytheadministratorduringtherecovery
process,suchastherecoverydestination,scheduleforrecovery,andoverwriteoptions.
recoverypassword(n)~ForBitLockerDriveEncryption,anumericalpasswordthat
consistsof48digitsdividedinto8groups.Eachgroupof6digitsisreducedtomodulo11
(anumericalcalculation)beforebeingcompressedintocorresponding16bitsof
passphrasedata.Acopyofthepassphrasedataisstoredondiskencryptedbythevolume
masterkeyandthusanadministratorcanretrievetherecoverypasswordafterWindows
hasloaded.Therecoverypasswordmustbeenteredbyusingthefunctionkeysonthe
keyboard.
recoverypasswordfile(n)~ABitLockerDriveEncryptionfilethatusesthenaming
convention:<GUID>.bek(includingtheBitLocker.fvefileextension),whichcontainsthe
recoverykeythatisrequiredtounsealthevolumeduringrecovery.
recoverypath(n)~Thesequenceofdataandlogbackupsthathavebroughtadatabaseto
aparticularpointintime(knownasarecoverypoint).Arecoverypathisaspecificsetof
transformationsthathaveevolvedthedatabaseovertime,yethavemaintainedthe
consistencyofthedatabase.ArecoverypathdescribesarangeofLSNsfromastartpoint
(LSN,GUID)toanendpoint(LSN,GUID).TherangeofLSNsinarecoverypathcan
traverseoneormorerecoverybranchesfromstarttoend.
recoveryperiod(n)~Thetimeperiodusedfordepreciatingbusinessassets.
recoverypoint(n)~Thepointinthelogchainatwhichrollingforwardstopsduringa
recovery.
recoverypoint(n)~Thedateandtimeofapreviousversionofadatasourcethatis
availableforrecoveryfrommediathatismanagedbyDPM.
recoverypointvolume(n)~AvolumeontheDPMserverthatcontainstheshadow
copiesandrecoverypointsforaprotecteddatasource.
recoverypolicy(n)~AtypeofpublickeyGroupPolicyobject()usedbyEncryptingFile
System()thatprovidesforoneormoreuseraccountstobedesignatedasrecoveryagents.
recoverysearch(n)~Theadministratoractionoflookingforrecoverableitemsby
specifyingasetofsearchparameters.Theresultsofthesearchcanbeselectedfor
recovery.
RecoveryServices(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatfacilitatesbackupand
recoveryofdata.
RecreationalSoftwareAdvisoryCouncil(n)~Anindependent,nonprofitorganization
establishedinthefallof1994byagroupofsixtradeorganizations,ledbytheSoftware
PublishersAssociation.TheCouncil’sgoalwastocreateanew,objectivecontent-labeling
ratingsystemforrecreationalsoftwareandothermediasuchastheInternet.
recruitmentproject(n)~Aprojecttocoordinateandtrackaprogramofrecruiting
activitiesanddocumentation.
rectangle(n)~Areportitemthatcanbeusedasacontainerformultiplereportitemsoras
agraphicalelementonareport.
rectangle(n)~Adrawingobjectmadeupoffourstraightlines,connectedusingright
angles(unlesstheobjectisskewed).
RectanglePanButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectarectangularpantobaketheircakein.
rectangularpixel(n)~Apixelthatgenerallyhasanaspectratioof3:4,32:27,or8:9,
meaningthatitisslightlylesstallthanitiswide,orviceversa.Nonsquarepixelsare
standardindigitalvideo.
rectifier(n)~Acircuitcomponentthatpassescurrentflowinginonedirectionbutstops
currentflowingintheotherdirection.Rectifiersareusedtoconvertalternatingcurrentto
directcurrent.
Recurrence(n)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertospecifytheintervalsatwhichan
appointmentortaskwillberepeated.
recurrence(n)~Theregularpatternaccordingtowhichascheduledappointmentortask
isrepeated.
recurrencepattern(n)~Theregularpatternaccordingtowhichascheduledappointment
ortaskisrepeated.
recurring(adj)~Pertainingtoitemsthatoccurrepeatedly.Forexample,anappointment
ortaskthatoccursonaregularbasis,suchasaweeklystatusmeetingoramonthly
haircut,canbedesignatedasrecurring.
recurringnotification(n)~Arepeatingtypeofnotificationthatisbasedonaspecified
timeinterval.
recurringtask(n)~Ataskthatoccursrepeatedlyduringthecourseofaproject.For
example,youmightdefinetheweeklystatusmeetingasarecurringtask.
recursion(n)~Theabilityofaroutinetocallitself.
recursivediscovery(n)~Afeaturethatdefinesthelogicforlocatingnetworkdevicesthat
youwantOperationsManagertomonitor.Additionally,thisfeaturedefineslogicthat
inspectsinformationonanetworkdevicesothatOperationsManagercanattemptto
locateotherdevicesusingthatinformation.
recursivehierarchy(n)~Ahierarchyofdatainwhichallparent-childrelationshipsare
representedinthedata.
recursivepartitioning(n)~Theiterativeprocess,usedbydataminingalgorithm
providers,ofdividingdataintogroupsuntilnomoreusefulgroupscanbefound.
recursivequery(n)~AquerymadetoaDNSserverinwhichtherequesterasksthe
servertoassumethefullworkloadandresponsibilityforprovidingacompleteanswerto
thequery.TheDNSserverwillthenuseseparateiterativequeriestootherDNSserverson
behalfoftherequestertoassistincompletingananswerfortherecursivequery.
recursivesection(n)~Acontrolthatcontainsothercontrols,canbeinsertedwithinitself,
andisboundtonestedreferencefields.
recycle(v)~Tostopandrestarttheselectedapplicationpool.Restartinganapplication
poolcausestheapplicationpooltobetemporarilyunavailableuntiltherestartiscomplete.
RecycleBin(PN)~Atemporarystorageplacefordeletedfiles.Theusercanuseitto
retrievefilesdeletedinerror.Thesedeletedfilesarenotactuallyremovedfromthehard
diskuntiltherecyclebinisemptied.
redbook~AnothernamefortheCD-DAaudioCDformatintroducedbySonyand
Philips,theRedBookstandardsdefinesthenumberoftracksonthediscthatcontain
digitalaudiodataandtheerrorcorrectionroutinesthatsavesoundfromminordataloss.
redbook~
RedBookaudio(n)~AstandardcompactdiscformatdevelopedbyPhilipsandSony.
RedBookaudioformat(n)~AstandardcompactdiscformatdevelopedbyPhilipsand
Sony.
redeye(n)~Aphotographicconditionwheretheeyesofthesubjectappearred,duetothe
reflectionofthecameraflashfromtheireyes.
Redfilter(n)~AfilterthatisusedinB&Wphotography.Increasescontrastmorethan
anyotherfilter.
redgain(n)~Thefactorbywhichtheredpixelvaluehastobemultipliedtoachieve
R=G=Bvalues.
RedHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofarangeofredcolors.
red,green,blue,alpha(n)~Amodelthataugmentsthered,green,blue(RGB)methodof
combiningcolorsinlight-basedmedia,withafourthcolorcomponent,alpha,whichis
usedtocontrolcolorblending.InOpenGL,analphavalueof1.0correspondstocomplete
opacityandavalueof0.0correspondstocompletetransparency.
RedDogFrontEnd(PN)~ThepubliclyexposedAPI,whichisthefrontendtothe
ManagementPortalandtheServiceManagementAPI,actingaskindofrouterforrequest
andtraffictoandfromtheloadbalancersandfabriccontroller.
redelegation(n)~Theprocessoftellingyourcurrentdomainnameregistrartopointyour
domainnametoanewWebsite.Youdothisbychangingthenameserverinformationat
yourdomainnameregistrar.Whenyouredelegateadomain,yourdomainname
registrationremainswithyourcurrentregistrarandyouwillcontinuetoberesponsiblefor
domainnamefeesandrenewalwiththatorganization.
red-green-blue(n)~Acolormodelthatdescribescolorinformationintermsofthered
(R),green(G),andblue(B)intensitiesthatmakeupthecolor.
redial(v)~Tocallthelastpersoncalledfromaphoneordevice.
redial(n)~Afeaturethatstoresthelatestnumberdialedsothatitcanbedialedagain
automaticallybypressingasinglebutton.
redirect(v)~Totakeactiontodeflectaphonecallafterthephoneringsbutbeforethecall
isanswered.
RedirectURL(n)~AnoptionintheGeneralLinkTranslationoptionsareathatspecifies
theURLusedtoredirectlinksthatnavigatetounpublishedsites.
redirectedaccess(n)~FunctionalitythatredirectsallI/Ooperationsoverthenetworkto
anothernodethathasaccesstotherequireddrive.
redirection(n)~Theprocessofwritingtoorreadingfromafileordevicedifferentfrom
theonethatwouldnormallybethetargetorthesource.Forexample,theMS-DOSor
OS/2commanddir>prnredirectsadirectorylistingfromthescreentotheprinter.
redirection(n)~AprocessbywhichOutlookWebAccessuserswhoaccessanInternet-
facingClientAccessserverthatisinadifferentActiveDirectorysitethanthesitethat
containstheirmailboxcanberedirectedtotheClientAccessserverthatisinthesamesite
astheirMailboxserverifthatClientAccessserverisInternet-facing.
redirection(n)~Theprocessoftellingyourcurrentdomainnameregistrartopointyour
domainnametoanewWebsite.Youdothisbychangingthenameserverinformationat
yourdomainnameregistrar.Whenyouredelegateadomain,yourdomainname
registrationremainswithyourcurrentregistrarandyouwillcontinuetoberesponsiblefor
domainnamefeesandrenewalwiththatorganization.
redirectionmode(n)~Amodethatisconfiguredontheremotedesktopserverbyusing
theRemoteDesktopServerConfigurationtool.Aremotedesktopserverinredirection
modeisrequiredtoprovideclientsaccesstovirtualmachinesinvirtualdesktoppoolsor
topersonalvirtualdesktopsbyusingRemoteAppandDesktopConnection.
redirector(n)~Softwareonaclientcomputerthatinterceptsrequestsforinformationand,
whenappropriate,directsthemtothenetwork.Redirectorscaneitherbebuiltintothe
clientoperatingsystemorbepartofanaddednetworkingpackage.
redistributablecomponent(n)~Acomponentthatmayberedistributedbyathirdparty
aspartofitsownsoftware.
redistribute(v)~Todistributeanew.
redlining(n)~Theprocessofreviewingandmarkinguporaddingcommentstoa
drawing,documentorotherfile.
redo(n)~Todooveragain.
redo(n)~Thephaseduringrecoverythatapplies(rollsforward)loggedchangestoa
databasetobringthedataforwardintime.
redophase(n)~Thephaseduringrecoverythatapplies(rollsforward)loggedchangesto
adatabasetobringthedataforwardintime.
redoset(n)~Thesetofallfilesandpagesbeingrestored.
redrawndocument(n)~Adocumentthatisrecreatedtoresolveaproblemorreflecta
change,suchasaprotestedbillofexchangeoranhonoredpromissorynote.
reduce(v)~Inagraphicaluserinterface,todecreasethesizeofawindow.Ausercan
reduceawindoweitherbyclickingtheappropriatebuttoninthetitlebarorbyclickingthe
mouseontheborderofthewindowanddraggingthebordertowardthemiddleofthe
window.
reduceoperation(n)~AnF#operationthatperformsacomputationonsuccessive
collectionelementsandyieldsasingleresultofthesametypeastheelements.
ReducedFunctionalityMode(PN)~Amodewhichpreventsusersfromloggingonto
thecomputeruntilWindowsisactivated.
reducingbalancedepreciation(n)~Amethodofcalculatingthedepreciationofafixed
assetasafixedpercentageofitsnetbookvalueatthestartofeachdepreciationperiod.
reductionkey(n)~Amethodthatisusedtoincreaseordecreaseforecastrequirementsin
masterplanning,basedonuserdefinedpercentagesthatareappliedduringspecific
periods.
reductionprinciple(n)~Amethodforspecifyingtheconsumptionofsalesforecast
requirementsandpurchaseforecastrequirementsthatareusedinmasterscheduling.
reductivestemming(n)~Theprocessofreducinginflectedwordstotheirstemorroot
formForexample,thewordswimming’isreducedtothestem‘swim.’Becausetheword
‘swam’canalsobereducedto‘swim
RedundantArrayofIndependentDisks(n)~Amechanismforstoringidenticaldataon
multipledisksforredundancy,improvedperformance,andincreasedmeantimebetween
failures(MTBF).RAIDprovidesfaulttoleranceandappearstotheoperatingsystemasa
singlelogicaldrive.
redundantcode(n)~Codethatduplicatesafunctionperformedelsewhere-forexample,
codetosortalistthathasalreadybeensorted.
reentrant(adj)~Aroutinethatcanbeinterruptedduringexecutionandcalledagain
beforeitspreviousinvocation’scompleteexecution.
reentrantcode(n)~Codewrittensothatitcanbesharedbyseveralprogramsatthesame
time.Whenaprogramisexecutingreentrantcode,anotherprogramcaninterruptthe
executionandcanthenstartorcontinueexecutionofthatsamecode.Manyoperating-
systemroutinesarewrittentobereentrantsothatonlyonecopyneedstoresidein
memorytoserveallexecutingapplications.Seealsorelocatablecode.
ReestablishInstantMessageConnection(v)~Anitemontheright-clickmenufora
participantinaconversationthatreconnectstheIMclientandIMserverafter
disconnection.
ReestablishInstantMessageConversation-€¦(v)~Theitemontheright-clickmenufor
aparticipantinaconversationthatreconnectstheselectedparticipanttothecurrent
conversationafterdisconnection.
refactor(v)~Torestructurecodetomakeiteasiertounderstandandtomaintain,while
preservingitsfunctionality.
refactoring(n)~Anoptimizationprocessinobject-orientedprogrammingintendedto
improvethedesignorstructureofaprogramwithoutchangingitsfunctionality.
refactoringoperation(n)~AcommandsuchasRefactor.Rename,whichispartofthe
processofimprovingyourcodebychangingtheinternalstructureofthecodewithout
changingitsexternalbehavior.
reference(v)~Toaccessavariable,suchasanelementinanarrayorafieldinarecord.
reference(n)~Alinkinyourprojecttoanotherproject,a.NETFrameworkassembly,ora
compatibleCOMlibrary.Addingareferencetoyourprojectallowsyoutousethe
referencediteminyourproject,butdoesnotcopythereferenceditemtoyourproject
folder.
reference(v)~Torelatetoanotherentity.
reference(n)~Asourceofrelatedinformation.
reference(n)~Astatementofthequalificationsofanapplicantmadebyapersonwho
knowstheapplicant.
reference(n)~Thestateofbeingrelatedorreferred.
Reference(PN)~TheBooks&referencesubcategorythatcontainsappsforreference
material,suchasadictionaryorencyclopedia.
Reference&training(PN)~TheDevelopertoolssubcategorycontainingappstohelp
developerswithcreatingreferencematerialsandtrainingfortheapptheyarebuilding.
referenceattributetype(n)~Anattributetypeinwhichthevaluesoftheattributearethe
ObjectIDs(globallyuniqueidentifiers)ofotherresourcesinILM2’.’
ReferenceBuilder(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertocreate,manageandapply
standardizedcitationsandreferencesinadocument.
referencecomputer(n)~InaMicrosoftdeploymentscenario,thecomputerthatcontains
themasterimage.
referencedata(n)~Amemberinadimensioninthecontextofadimensiontableina
relationaldatabase.
referencedata(n)~Datacharacterizedbysharedreadoperationsand-infrequent
changes.Examplesofreferencedataincludeflightschedulesandproductcatalogs.
WindowsServerAppFabricoffersthelocalcachefeatureforstoringthistypeofdata.
referencedata(n)~Namedentitiesthathavenodescribingpropertiesornumericvalues.
referencedatacache(n)~AMicrosoftSQLServerdatabasecreatedontheclient
computerformaintainingSAPdatarequiredbyend-userapplicationsduringofflineand
onlineuse.
referencedimension(n)~Arelationshipbetweenadimensionandameasuregroupin
whichthedimensioniscoupledtothemeasuregroupthroughanotherdimension.
referencefield(n)~Afieldthatisassociatedwithanotherfieldsothattheirproperties
alwaysmatch.Ifthepropertiesinonefieldarechanged,thepropertiesintheotherfield
areupdatedautomatically.
referencegroup(n)~Agroupthatisassociatedwithanothergroupsothattheirproperties
andthepropertiesofthegroupsandfieldstheycontainalwaysmatch.Ifthepropertiesof
onegrouparechanged,theothergroupisupdatedautomatically.
referenceHelp(n)~AformofonlineHelpthatcontainsconceptualandexplanatory
information.
referenceimage(n)~AconfiguredWindowsimagethatincludesadditionalsoftware
applicationsandupdateddrivers.Asinglereferenceinstallationimagecanbedeployed
ontomanydestinationcomputers.
referencemode(n)~Aword,number,orabbreviationusedtoidentifyauniqueinstance
ofanentityobjecttype.
referenceparameter(n)~Aparameterinwhichtheaddressofavariable,ratherthanthe
explicitvalue,ispassedtothecalledroutine.
referenceport(n)~Aportthatdefinestheinternalandexternalportsofanactor
reference.Referenceportscanbeplacedonlyontheouterborderofanactorreference
shape.Theycanbeusedasanchorsforbindings.
referencerasterizer(n)~Asoftwaredevicethatinterpretsandimplementstheentire
Direct3Dfeaturesetandistypicallyusedforfeaturetestingordemonstrationpurposes.
BecausetheDirect3Dfeaturesareimplementedforaccuracy,ratherthanspeed,andare
implementedinsoftware,theresultsarenotveryfast.
referencerelationship(n)~Inamodel,areferencerelationshipindicatesthat
participatingobjectsworkwithoneanotherwithnoneofthedependenciesorrestrictions
thatexistinthehostingorcontainmentrelationships.Forexample,anetworkrouterand
anExchangeMailboxservermayworktogetherinprovidinge-mailservices.Inaddition
toworkingwiththeExchangeServer,thenetworkrouterworkswithanyotherserveror
devicethatitroutesnetworktrafficfor.Also,theExchangeMailboxserverworkswithall
theotherExchangeServersandcertainglobalcatalogserversintheorganizationto
providee-mailservices.
referencesite(n)~AdesignatedchildprimarysitethatisusedtoregaincontrolofSMS
softwaredistributionobjectsduringarecoveryoperation.
referencetable(n)~Thesourcetabletouseinfuzzylookups.
ReferenceTools(PN)~AfreefloatingutilityinMicrosoftWordforMacthatprovidesan
-€œelectronicbookshelf-€?ofkeyreferencetoolsfromdirectlywithintheapplication.
referencetype(n)~Adatatypethatisrepresentedbyareference(similartoapointer)to
thetype’sactualvalue.Ifareferencetypeisassignedtoavariable,thatvariablereferences
(orpointsto’)theoriginalvalue.Nocopyismade.Referencetypescompriseclasses
referenceddatabase(n)~Thedatabasetowhichtheuserhasestablishedareferencefrom
thecurrentdatabase.Theusercancreateareferencetoadatabaseandthencallprocedures
withinstandardmodulesinthatdatabase.
referencedkey(n)~Aprimarykeyoruniquekeyreferencedbyaforeignkey.
referentialconstraint(n)~AnelementofanSSDLschemathatspecifiesthedirectionof
anassociationwithFromRoleandToRoleattributes.Areferentialconstraintcorresponds
toaCSDLnavigationproperty.
referentialintegrity(n)~Rulesthatyoufollowtopreservethedefinedrelationships
betweentableswhenyouenterordeleterecords.
referentialintegrity(n)~AconstraintinILM2’inwhichareferenceattributecannot
haveasavalueanobjectIDofaresourcewhichhasbeendeleted.’
referral(n)~Arecommendationfromathirdpartyaboutapersonorcompanywithwhich
todobusiness.
referringdomain(n)~OntheInternetandintranets,theaddressofanetworklocation
fromwhichsitevisitorsfollowahyperlinktoyourWebsite.
referringphysician(n)~Aphysicianwhodirectsapatientfortreatmenttoanotherdoctor
forspecialtycareorservices.
referringsource(n)~AWebsiteorpagecontainingalinktoyoursitethatavisitorused
toreachyoursite.
refinablemanagedproperty(n)~Amanagedpropertythatcanbeusedasthebasisfora
refinerforsearchresults.
refinementdependency(n)~Akindofdependencythatindicatesahistoricalor
derivationrelationshipbetweentwoelementswithamappingbetweenthem.Adescription
ofthemappingmaybeattachedtothedependencyinanote.
refiner(n)~Aconfigurationthatisusedforqueryrefinementandisassociatedwithone
managedproperty.
Reflect(v)~Agradientbrushoptionthatmakesthegradientrepeatinalternating
reflections.
reflect(v)~Tocopydriverbinaries,installservices,andaddregistrykeysforoneormore
driversfromadriverpackageontoasystem,withoutthecontextofaspecificdevice.A
systemcanbebootedfromreflecteddrivers,howeverfulldeviceinstallationmaystillbe
requiredinordertoenablefulldriverfunctionality.
reflectingsoftware(n)~Aprogramthatsendsmessagestoanumberofusersuponreceipt
ofasignalfromasingleuser.Acommontypeofreflectorisane-mailreflector,which
forwardsanye-mailsenttoittothemultiplerecipientscurrentlyonitslist.
reflection(n)~Theprocessofobtaininginformationaboutassembliesandthetypes
definedwithinthem,andcreating,invoking,andaccessingtypeinstancesatruntime.
reflectioncontext(n)~Inthe.NETFramework,acontextthatcanprovidereflection
objectstoautomatecertainfeaturesandcustomizethem.
reflectionimage(n)~ThesecondaryimageintheWaterattractapplicationthatreflects’
theceilingonthewatersurfaceinsteadofshowingtherocksunderneaththewater.’
reflector(n)~Aprogramthatsendsmessagestoanumberofusersuponreceiptofa
signalfromasingleuser.Acommontypeofreflectorisane-mailreflector,which
forwardsanye-mailsenttoittothemultiplerecipientscurrentlyonitslist.
reflector(n)~Afilterdriveratthetopofthekernel-modedevicestackthatfacilitates
communicationbetweenthekernel-modedevicestackandalltheuser-modedriver
frameworkdriversonthesystem.
reflexiverelationship(n)~Arelationshipfromacolumnorcombinationofcolumnsina
tabletoothercolumnsinthatsametable.
reflow(n)~Theprocessbywhichcontentlaysitselfoutdynamicallybasedonthe
availablewindowordevicesize.
reflow(v)~Toadjustcontentlayoutdynamicallybasedontheavailablewindowordevice
size.
reformat(v)~Inapplications,tochangethelookofadocumentbyalteringstylistic
details,suchasfont,layout,indention,andalignment.
refresh(v)~Toupdatedisplayedinformationwithcurrentdata.
Refreshbutton(PN)~Thebuttonpressedtoupdatedisplayedinformationwithcurrent
data.
refreshinterval(n)~Anintervaloftimeusedbyofazonetodeterminehowoftento
checkiftheirzonedataneedstoberefreshed.Whentherefreshintervalexpires,the
secondarymastercheckswithitssourceforthezonetoseeifitszonedataisstillcurrent
orifitneedstobeupdatedusingazonetransfer.ThisintervalissetintheSOA(start-of-
authority)resourcerecordforeachzone.
refreshrate(n)~Incomputergraphics,thefrequencyatwhichthescreenisredrawnto
preventtheimagefromflickering.Theentireimageareaofmostmonitorsisrefreshed
approximately60timespersecond.
refreshWindows(v)~ToresettheWindowsoperatingsystemusingamethodthat
restoresPCsettingstodefaultsbutretainsauser’sfilesandpersonalizationtouches.
refreshyourPC(v)~ToresetasystemusingamethodthatrestoresPCsettingsto
defaultsbutretainsauser’sfilesandpersonalizationtouches.
refreshable(adj)~Inprogramming,referringtoaprogrammodulecapableofbeing
replacedinmemorywithoutaffectingprocessingoftheprogramortheinformationbeing
usedbytheprogram.
ReFS(PN)~Afilesystem,introducedwithWindowsServer8,thatprovidesresiliencyto
bothsoftwareandhardwareerrors.ReFSallowscustomerstomaximizeserveruptimeand
prioritizevolumeavailabilitywithouttheuseofexpensivestoragehardware.
refund(n)~Thereturnofanamountpaid.
refund(v)~Transferanamountfromthemerchant’saccountbacktothecustomer’s
account.Theamountcanbefullorpartial.
refurbish(v)~Torepairand/orrestoreprogramsandsettingsonausedcomputerinorder
tomeetcertainfunctionalrequirementsandtoallowittoberesoldorrepurposed.
refurbishedPC(n)~Ausedcomputerthathasbeenrepairedand/ortestedinorderto
ensureconformancewithcertainfunctionalrequirementsandtoallowittoberesoldor
repurposed.
regenerate(v)~Towriteagain,especiallyinsituationswhereinformationisnot
permanentlyrecorded,suchasRAMoravideodisplay.
regex(n)~Aconciseandflexiblenotationforfindingandreplacingpatternsoftext.The
notationcomprisestwobasiccharactertypes:literal(normal)textcharacters,which
indicatetextthatmustexistinthetargetstring,andmetacharacters,whichindicatethetext
thatcanvaryinthetargetstring.Youcanuseregularexpressionstoquicklyparselarge
amountsoftexttofindspecificcharacterpatterns;extract,edit,replace,ordeletetext
substrings;ortoaddtheextractedstringstoacollectioninordertogenerateareport.
Reggae(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#16.
region(n)~Contiguousareasofstorageonadisk.
region(n)~Acollectionof128leaflevelpagesinlogicalorderinasinglefile.Usedto
identifyareasofafilethatarefragmented.
region(n)~Acontainerofdata,withinacache,thatco-locatesallcachedobjectsona
singlecachehost.CacheRegionsenabletheabilitytosearchallcachedobjectsinthe
regionbyusingdescriptivestrings,calledtags.
region(n)~AnareawithinageoAzureregiontaxonomy.Doesnotimplyanyhierarchy
ornestingwithinageo.Regionscanbeassignedtoothergeosinthefutureifneeded.
regionselection(n)~Aselectiontechniquethatinvolvesdraggingoutaboundingoutline
(alsoreferredtoasamarquee)todefinetheselectedobjects.
regionalformat(n)~Theoptionsforsettingthephone’sdefaultlanguageandthespecific
countryorregionwhereitisspoken.
register(v)~Toprovideyournameandcontactinformationtoanorganizationsothatyou
canreceiveproductinformation,updates,andspecialoffers.
register(v)~Toautomaticallyupdatetheprogressionoroutputofworkdoneoutsideof
theapplication.
register(n)~Arecordthatisusedtorecordtheoperational,legal,andfinancial
consequencesofresourcefloweventsinanaccountingsystem.
registereddomain(n)~Thedomainthatanadministratorhasregisteredwithadomain
registrar.
registeredfiletype(n)~Filetypesthataretrackedbythesystemregistryandare
recognizedbytheprogramsyouhaveinstalledonyourcomputer.
RegisteredJack-45connector(n)~Aneight-wireconnectorusedtoattachdevicesto
cables.Theeightwiresareencasedinaplasticsheathandcolor-codedtomatch
correspondingslotsinjacksandareusedtoconnectcomputerstoLANs(localarea
networks)andtolinkISDN(IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork)devicestoNT-1
(NetworkTerminator1)devices.
registeredparameternumber(n)~Anidentificationnumberforaregisteredparameter
thathasbeenassignedafunctionbytheMIDIManufacturersAssociationandcanbe
accessedthroughcontrollers.
REGISTEREDSIGN(n)~Thesymbolorcharacterusedtoindicatethataword,phrase,
symbol,ordesignisaregisteredtrademark.
registeredtrademarksymbol(n)~Thesymbolorcharacterusedtoindicatethataword,
phrase,symbol,ordesignisaregisteredtrademark.
registereduser(n)~SomeonewhovisitsaWebsiteandpurposefullysuppliespersonal
information,suchasname,address,andphonenumber.
registrant(n)~Apersonwhosignsupforaneventorameetingwithinanevent,buthas
notyetbeenapprovedasanattendee.
Registrar(n)~Aservicethatprovidesauthentication,registration,androutingservices.
Registrar~Anorganisationwhichretainsaregisterofinternet-domainnames,whoowns
them,andwheretheycanbefound.Domainsunderthemostpopular-TLDssuchas.com,
.netand.orgcanberegisteredwithanumberofdifferentcompetingregistrars,butyou
onlyneedtoregisterwithoneofthem.Nationaldomainssuchas.ukusuallyhaveonly
oneregistrar.
registration(n)~Theprocessinwhichaconsumerentersinformation,suchasane-mail
address,toacquirealicense.
registration(n)~Aproceduretoconfigureself-servicepasswordresetforauser.
registrationauthority(n)~Anentitythatidentifiesandauthenticatescertificatesubjects
onbehalfofacertificationauthority,butdoesnotissueorsigncertificates.
registrationmarks(n)~Marksplacedonapagesothatinprinting,theelementsorlayers
inadocumentcanbearrangedcorrectlywithrespecttoeachother.Eachelementtobe
assembledcontainsitsownregistrationmarks;whenthemarksareprecisely
superimposed,theelementsareinthecorrectposition.
registry(n)~Adatabaserepositoryforinformationaboutacomputer’sconfiguration.The
registrycontainsinformationthatWindowscontinuallyreferencesduringoperation,such
as:profilesforeachuser;theprogramsinstalledonthecomputerandthetypesof
documentsthateachcancreate;propertysettingsforfoldersandprogramicons;what
hardwareexistsonthesystem;whichportsarebeingused.Theregistryisorganized
hierarchicallyasatree,anditismadeupofkeysandtheirsubkeys,hives,andentries.
Registry~AfileonWindowsPCswhichcontainsallthesettingsforthePCandits
software.Canbeeditedbytheuser,butthisshouldonlybedoneasabsolutelyalast
resort,asitispossibletotrashtheoperatingsystemifyoudon’tknowwhatyouaredoing.
registryboot(n)~ThedefaultbootoptionusedbymostWindowsDNSservers.When
registrybootisused,DNSisstartedandinitializedusingDNSparametersandtheirvalues
astheyarestoredintheWindowsregistry.YoucanuseaBerkeleyInternetNameDomain
(BIND)bootfileasanalternativetothismethodofbootconfigurationforDNS.
registrykey(n)~Anidentifierforarecordorgroupofrecordsintheregistry.
regression(n)~Thereappearanceofapreviouslyfixedproblem.
regression(n)~Thestatisticalprocessofpredictingoneormorecontinuousvariables,
suchasprofitorloss,basedonotherattributesinthedataset.
Regressionanalysistool(n)~Atoolthatperformslinearregressionanalysisbyusingthe
leastsquares’methodtofitalinethroughasetofobservations.Ausercananalyzehowa
singledependentvariableisaffectedbythevaluesofoneormoreindependentvariables.’
regressionline(n)~Astraightlinethatrepresentstherelationshipbetweenmatchedpairs
ofdatafromtwocollectionsofdata.Theequationofthelineisderivedusingtheleast-
squaresmethodoflinearregression.
regressiontest(n)~Atestthatisrunafterthedailybuildtoverifythatcompilationof
sourcecodehasbeenbuiltsuccessfully.
regressiontree(n)~Adiagramthatdepictsadecisiontreeminingmodelthathasbeen
createdtoanalyzecontinuousnumericdata.
regressor(n)~Aninputvariablethathasalinearrelationshipwiththeoutputvariable.
regular(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof400
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
regularexpression(n)~Aconciseandflexiblenotationforfindingandreplacingpatterns
oftext.Thenotationcomprisestwobasiccharactertypes:literal(normal)textcharacters,
whichindicatetextthatmustexistinthetargetstring,andmetacharacters,whichindicate
thetextthatcanvaryinthetargetstring.Youcanuseregularexpressionstoquicklyparse
largeamountsoftexttofindspecificcharacterpatterns;extract,edit,replace,ordelete
textsubstrings;ortoaddtheextractedstringstoacollectioninordertogenerateareport.
RegularSKU(n)~AnSKUthatmaynotbeback-orderedorpre-ordered.
regulatedproduct(n)~Aproductthatisregulatedbyagovernmentauthoritythat
requirescomplianceandauditreporting.
rehydrate(v)~Toactivateanidleorchestrationinmemoryfrompersistentstorageasa
resultofsomeeventtakingplace,suchasamessagebeingreceived.
reimage(v)~Toresetthevirtualmachinetoitsinitialstate.Theinitialstateisdefinedby
thesettingsconfiguredontheVHDimagefile.
re-image(v)~TouninstallallsoftwareonacomputerandreinstallanewWindows
image.
reinstallation(n)~Aprocessofrepeatedinstallationofaproduct,feature,tool,kit,pack,
etc.
reinstate(v)~Tobringanapplicationoutofretirementandbackintoservice.
reinstatecharge(v)~Toreintroduceinterestorfeesthatwereoriginallywaivedfora
party.
reject(v)~Torefusetoacceptafileormessage.
Rejectoption(n)~TheoptionoftheDirectoryServicespagethatrejectsalle-mail
addresses(spamandlegitimatemail)thatarenotincludedonthelistofe-mailaddresses
associatedwiththespecifieddomain.Theseaddressesarerejectedatthenetwork
perimeter.
relate(v)~Tocollectobjectsinaset.
relatedevents(oth)~Othereventsthatmightberelatedtotheselectedeventbasedon
time.Time-basedcorrelationhelpsestablishcausalitybygroupingOperational,
Performance,System,andApplicationeventsthatoccuroveradefinedperiod.
RelatedItems(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesuserstolinkaniteminaSharePointtasklist
tootheritemsinthesitethatarerelatedtoit.
relatedlink(n)~ATeamFoundationlinkbetweentwoworkitems.
relatedsell(n)~Sellingproductsorservicestocustomerswithsimilarinterestsonthe
basisoftheirestablishedbuyingpatternsorpreferences.Additionally,several
noncompetingadvertisersmayjointogethertodevelopasingletargetedcampaign.
relation(n)~Astructurecomposedofattributes(individualcharacteristics,suchasname
oraddress,correspondingtothecolumnsinatable)andtuples(setsofattributevalues
describingparticularentities,suchascustomers,correspondingtotherowsinatable).
Withinarelation,tuplescannotberepeated;eachmustbeunique.Further,tuplesare
unorderedwithinarelation;interchangingtwotuplesdoesnotchangetherelation.Finally,
ifrelationaltheoryistobeapplicable,thedomainofeachattributemustbeatomic-thatis,
asimplevalue,ratherthanastructuresuchasanarrayorarecord.Arelationinwhichthe
domainsofallattributesareatomicissaidtobenormalizedorinfirstnormalform.
relation(n)~Asetofobjects.
relationaldatabase(n)~Adatabaseordatabasemanagementsystemthatstores
informationintables.
relationaldatabasemanagementsystem(n)~Adatabasesystemthatorganizesdatainto
relatedrowsandcolumnsasspecifiedbyarelationalmodel.
relationalexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatusesarelationaloperatorsuchas<or>to
comparetwoormoreexpressions.ArelationalexpressionresolvestoaBoolean
(true/false)value.SeealsoBoolean,relationaloperator.
relationalmodel(n)~Thelogicalmodelusedtodefinethetables,columns,and
constraintsinarelationaldatabase.
relationalOLAP(n)~Astoragemodethatusestablesinarelationaldatabasetostore
multidimensionalstructures.
relationaloperator(n)~Anoperatorthatallowstheprogrammertocomparetwo(or
more)valuesorexpressions.Typicalrelationaloperatorsaregreaterthan(>),equalto(=),
lessthan(<),notequalto(<>),greaterthanorequalto(>=),andlessthanorequalto
(<=).
relationalstructure(n)~Therecordorganizationusedintheimplementationofa
relationalmodel.
relationship(n)~Anassociationestablishedbetweencommonfields(columns)intwo
tables.Arelationshipcanbeone-to-one,many-to-many,orone-to-many.
relationship(n)~Alogicalconnectionbetweenentities.
Relationship(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayouttypethatincludeslayoutsdesignedto
illustrateconnections.
relationship(n)~Aconnectionbetweenobjects.
relationshipcreation(n)~Configurationflagofasynchronizationrule.Itdetermines
whetherobjectsshouldbecreatedautomaticallyinILM2’.’
relationshipcriterion(n)~Afiltertomatchobjectsduringsynchronization.
RelationshipExplorer(PN)~AUIsectionintheFormEditorthatshowsexisting
relationshipsforaformandwillallowyoutoaddtoormodifythem.
relationshipinverse(n)~Theoppositeendofarelationship,forexample,
product.Categoryandcategory.Product.IntheEntityFramework,CodeFirstdetectsthat
theobjectsarerelatedasinverses.
relationshipobject(n)~Anobjectrepresentingapairofobjectsthatassumearolein
relationtoeachother.
relationshiprecord(PN)~AninstanceofarelationshipintheOperationsManager
database.Relationshipsaredefinedbetweenclassestoindicateanassociationbetweena
particularinstanceofoneclassandaparticularinstanceofanotherclass
relationshiprole(n)~Asetoftextlabelsdescribingtheroleaccountsandcontactsplay
withopportunitiesaswellasotheraccountsandcontacts.
relationshiptermination(n)~Configurationflagofasynchronizationrule.Itindicate
whetherobjectsinotherconnectedsystemsshouldbedisconnected(andperhapsdeleted)
whenthesynchronizationruledoesnotapplyanymore.
RelationshipType(n)~Afieldinthecontactformthatspecifiestherelationshipofthe
accounttotheorganizationthatusesMicrosoftCRM.
Relationships(PN)~TheLifestylesubcategorycontainingappstohelpyouwithyour
personalrelationships.
Relationshipswindow(n)~Anobjecttabinwhichyouview,create,andmodify
relationshipsbetweentablesandqueries.
relativeaddress(n)~Alocation,asinacomputer’smemory,thatisspecifiedintermsof
itsdistance(displacementoroffset)fromastartingpoint(baseaddress).
relativecellreference(n)~Inaformula,theaddressofacellbasedontherelative
positionofthecellthatcontainstheformulaandthecellreferredto.Ifyoucopythe
formula,thereferenceautomaticallyadjusts.
relativedate(n)~Arangeofdatesthatisspecifiedbyusingcomparisonoperatorsand
returndataforarangeofdates.
relativefilelocation(n)~Anaddressthatisrelativetotheactivedocumentorahyperlink
base.
relativeID(n)~Theportionofasecurityidentifier(SID)thatidentifiesauserorgroupin
relationtotheauthoritythatissuedtheSID.Theauthorityisusuallyeitherthelocal
computeroradomain.
relativeIDmaster(n)~AdomaincontrollerthatholdstheRIDoperationsmasterrolein
ActiveDirectory.TheRIDmasterisassignedtoallocateuniquesequencesofrelativeIDs
toeachdomaincontrollerinitsdomain.AsthedomaincontrollersusetheIDsallocated,
theycontacttheRIDmasterandareallocatedadditionalsequencesasneeded.Atany
time,theRIDmasterrolecanbeassignedtoonlyonedomaincontrollerineachdomain.
relativeidentifier(n)~Theportionofasecurityidentifier(SID)thatidentifiesauseror
groupinrelationtotheauthoritythatissuedtheSID.Theauthorityisusuallyeitherthe
localcomputeroradomain.
relativelink(n)~Whenahyperlinkusesapathbasedonarelativelink,youcanmovethe
filethatcontainsthehyperlinkandthehyperlinkdestinationwithoutbreakingthe
hyperlink.Movethefilethatcontainsthehyperlinkanditsdestinationtogether.
relativename(n)~ThepartialDNSdomainnameconfiguredinindividualresource
recordstolocateandqualifytherecordwithinazone.Therelativenameisjoinedtothe
frontoftheparentdomain(domainoforigin)foreachresourcerecordtoformafully
qualifieddomainname(FQDN)withinthezone.InDNSManager,therelativenamewill
correspondtofieldsthatuserecord-specificnameproperties,suchastheHostcomputer
namefieldusedinanaddress(A)resourcerecord.
relativepath(n)~Apaththatisimpliedbythecurrentworkingdirectory.Whenauser
entersacommandthatreferstoafile,ifthefullpathnameisnotentered,thecurrent
workingdirectorybecomestherelativepathofthefilereferredto.
relativePIDL(n)~APIDLthatisrelativetoarootobjectintheshellnamespaceother
thanthedesktopfolder.Thisiscommonlytheparentfolderoftheitem.
relativepositioning(n)~PlacementofanelementinthenaturalHTMLflowofa
document,butsuchthatitspositionisoffsetfromtheprecedingcontent.
relativereference(n)~Inaformula,theaddressofacellbasedontherelativepositionof
thecellthatcontainstheformulaandthecellreferredto.Ifyoucopytheformula,the
referenceautomaticallyadjusts.
relativetransform(n)~Atypeoftransformationthisisappliedtoanobjectrepeatedly,
relativetothecurrentstateoftheobject.Usefulwhenanimatinganobjectthatneedstobe
transformedthesameamounteachkeyframe.
relativeURL(n)~AformofURLinwhichthedomainandsomeoralldirectorynames
areomitted,leavingonlythedocumentnameandextension(andperhapsapartiallistof
directorynames).Theindicatedfileisfoundinalocationrelativetothepathnameofthe
currentdocument.
relativevirtualaddress(n)~Anoffsetfromtheaddressofamodulethatisloadedin
memory.
relayhost(n)~AdesignatedserverthroughwhichExchangeroutesalloutgoing
messages.Thesmarthostthenmakestheremoteconnection.Ifasmarthostisdesignated,
theExchangeserveronlyneedstotransmittothesmarthost,insteadofrepeatedly
contactingthedomainuntilaconnectionismade.
relayhour(n)~Aunitofmeasureforrelaysbetweenwebservicesonpremisesandpublic
endpoints.
relayport(n)~Atypeofclassportthatdefinestheinternalandexternalportsofanactor
class.Canappearonlyontheborderofanactorclass.Relayportsrelayincoming
messagestoacontainedactororoutgoingmessagesfromacontainedactor.
relayserver(n)~Aserverthatmanagestheexchangeofmessagesorinformationamong
differentusers.
relayedmessaging(n)~Atypeofmessagingservicethatsupportstraditionalone-way
messaging,request/responsemessaging,andpeer-to-peermessaging,usingarelayed
messagingpattern.Witharelayedpattern,anon-premiseserviceconnectstotherelay
servicethroughanoutboundportandcreatesabi-directionalsocketforcommunication
tiedtoaparticularrendezvousaddress.Theclientcanthencommunicatewiththeon-
premisesservicebysendingmessagestotherelayservicetargetingtherendezvous
address.Therelayservicewillthen-€œrelay-€?messagestotheon-premisesservice
throughthebi-directionalsocketalreadyinplace.Relayedmessagingprovidesrequires
theserverandclienttobothbeonlineatthesametime.
release(v)~Torelinquishcontrolofablockofmemory,adevice,oranothersystem
resourcetotheoperatingsystem.
release(n)~Abuildpromotedforuseordeployment.Areleasecanbeinternalandused
forfurthertestingorexternalandreleasedordeployed.
release(n)~Tosendaproductionorderfromtheestimationandschedulingstagetothe
shopfloorsothatproductioncanbegin.
releaseactivity(n)~Atypeofactivitythatispartofareleaserecord,including
dependent,manual,parallel,review,andsequentialactivities.
releasecandidate(n)~Aversionofabuildthathasbeentestedandisreadyforrelease.
ReleaseClippingPath(v)~Atoolthatisusedtorelinquishtheconnectionbetweena
clippingpathandtheobjectthatitclips.
ReleaseCompoundPath(v)~Atoolthatisusedtoreleaseallofthepathsthatwentinto
makingthecompoundpath.
Releasedate(n)~Dateonwhichafilmwasreleased.
ReleaseDecade(n)~Decadeinwhichafilmwasreleased.
releasehold(v)~ToremovetheholdfromanitemonSPSthatexemptsitfrombeing
subjecttothepolicysetonthesite.
releasemanagement(n)~Theprocessofmanagingsoftwarereleasesfromdevelopment
stagetosoftwarerelease,whichincludessubmittingrequestsforchangesornewfeatures,
planninganddesigninganewrelease,testingitandassuringqualityandfinallyreviewing
andbuildingthenewreleaseandacceptingitasareleasecandidate.Thenextstepis
deploymentofthereleaseinarealenvironment.Oncedeployed,thereleaseentersa
supportphase,whereerrors,bugsandotherissuesarereported,collectedandresolved.
ReleaseManagement(PN)~ThenameoftheMicrosoftapplicationdesignedfor
managingsoftwarereleasesfromdevelopmentstagetosoftwarerelease,whichallowsyou
moreeasilyandmoreconfidentlyconfigureandautomatecomplexdeploymentstoa
varietyoftargetenvironments,modelreleaseprocesses,trackapprovalsandsign-offs,and
displayreleasestatusgraphically.
ReleaseManagementClient(PN)~ComponentofReleaseManagementforVisual
Studio2013.TherearetwoClientcomponents.TheWindowsclientisaWindows
PresentationFoundation(WPF)applicationthatservesasthemaininterfacepointto
managereleaseinformation.Thisisthecomponentwithwhichmostusersinteract.The
WebclientisusedtoactonApprovalRequests.Thisistheinterfacetowhichusersare
directedwhenfollowinglinksine-mailnotifications.
ReleaseManagementClientforVisualStudio2013(PN)~ComponentofRelease
ManagementforVisualStudio2013.TherearetwoClientcomponents.TheWindows
clientisaWindowsPresentationFoundation(WPF)applicationthatservesasthemain
interfacepointtomanagereleaseinformation.Thisisthecomponentwithwhichmost
usersinteract.TheWebclientisusedtoactonApprovalRequests.Thisistheinterfaceto
whichusersaredirectedwhenfollowinglinksine-mailnotifications.
ReleaseManagementforMicrosoftVisualStudio2013withUpdate2(n)~Additional
releaseanddeploymenttoolsforVisualStudio2013toincreasethecapabilitiesinTeam
FoundationServer2013forconfiguringandautomatingcomplexdeploymentsof
applicationsacrossthedesktop,theserver,andthecloud,modelingreleaseprocesses,
trackingapprovalsandsign-offs,anddisplayingreleasestatusgraphically.
ReleaseManagementforVisualStudio2013(PN)~Thenameoftheclientduetowhich
yourdevelopmentandoperationsteamscanenableadditionalcapabilitiesinTeam
FoundationServer2013sothattheycanmoreeasilyandmoreconfidentlyconfigureand
automatecomplexdeploymentstoavarietyoftargetenvironments.Youcanalsomodel
releaseprocesses,trackapprovalsandsign-offs,anddisplayreleasestatusgraphically.
ReleaseManagementServerforTeamFoundationServer2013(PN)~TheServer
componentofReleaseManagementforVisualStudio2013,theheartofrelease
managementcomponents.ItisacombinationofWebandWindowsServicesthatexpose
contractsusedbyallothercomponents.ThisservercomponentalsocontainsaSQLServer
database.
releasenotes(n)~Adocumentthatcontainsgeneralreleaseinformationandlatechanges.
Itisoneofthedeliverablesleadingtothereleasereadinessapprovedmilestone.
Releasestatus(n)~Informationaboutfilm’srelease,includingdate.
ReleasetoManufacturing(PN)~Theversionofsoftwarethat’sdistributedto
manufacturerstobuildintohardwaretheywillmakeavailablewhenthefinalsoftwareis
madegenerallyavailable.
releasedorder(n)~Anorderthathasbeenauthorizedforproduction.
releasedwork(n)~Workthatisauthorizedforreleasedorders.
relevance(n)~Ameasureofhowcloselyresultsmatchacustomer’ssearchkeywords.
relevancerank(n)~Thepositionofaniteminanorderedlistofsearchresultsthat
reflectsitsrelatednesstothesearchquery.
relevanceranking(n)~Theprocessoforderingsearchresultstoreflecttheirdegreeof
relatednesstothesearchquery.
Relevanceview(PN)~AviewinBizTalkMapperwherebynon-relevantsiblingsofa
schemaelementcollapsetoprovideamorecompactviewoftheschema.Thisreducesthe
needforscrolling,andbringsthefocustotheusefulpartsoftheschemaandmap.
relevancyranking(n)~Theprocessoforderingsearchresultstoreflecttheirdegreeof
relatednesstothesearchquery.
reliability(n)~Thelikelihoodofacomputersystemordevicecontinuingtofunctionover
agivenperiodoftimeandunderspecifiedconditions.
reload(v)~Toloadaprogramintomemoryfromastoragedeviceagaininordertorunit,
becausethesystemhascrashedortheprogram’soperationwasotherwiseinterrupted.
relocatableaddress(n)~Inprogramming,anaddressthatistobeadjustedtoreflectthe
actualplaceinmemoryintowhichaprogramisloadedforexecution.InGetthebyte
located12bytesfromthisinstruction
relocate(v)~Tomoveprogramsandblocksofmemoryaboutwithinavailablespacesoas
tousememoryresourcesflexiblyandefficiently.Arelocatableprogramcanbeloadedby
theoperatingsystemintoanypartofavailablememoryratherthanintoonlyonespecific
area.Arelocatableblockofmemoryisaportionofmemorythatcanbemovedaroundby
theoperatingsystemasrequired;forexample,thesystemmightcollectseveralavailable,
relocatableblocksofmemorytoformonelargerblockofthesizerequestedforusebya
program.
relyingparty(n)~Anentitythatreceivesandprocessesidentitycredentialsissuedbyan
identityprovidertoconductabusinesstransactionwithusersofaclientapplication.
relyingpartyapplication(n)~AMicrosoftASP.NETapplicationthatperforms
authorizationbasedontheclaimsthatarepresentinanActiveDirectoryFederation
Services(ADFS)securitytoken.
REMstatement(n)~AstatementintheBasicprogramminglanguageandtheMSDOS
andOS/2batchfilelanguagesthatisusedtoaddcommentstoaprogramorbatchfile.
AnystatementbeginningwiththewordREMisignoredbytheinterpreterorcompileror
thecommandprocessor.
remainingavailability(n)~Aresource’sresidualhoursonhandminushoursassignedto
workonotherprojects.
remainingcost(n)~Theestimatedcostthatisyettobeincurredforatask,resource,or
assignment.
remainingduration(n)~Theamountoftimelefttoworkonataskbeforethetaskis
completed.Thisiscalculatedasfollows:RemainingDuration=Duration-Actual
Duration.
remainingwork(n)~Theamountofwork,intermsofatimeunitsuchashoursordays,
thatislefttobecompletedonatask.Thisiscalculatedasfollows:RemainingWork=
Work-ActualWork.
remap(v)~Tomapasharetoadifferentdirectorypath.E.g.\server\shareisoriginally
mappedtod:\oldfilesandlaterremappedtoe:\newfiles.
Remaps(PN)~TheunitofmeasureforthenumberoftimesoneIPaddressisremappedto
adifferentIPaddressaspartoftheReservedIPservice.
remark(n)~AstatementintheBasicprogramminglanguageandtheMSDOSandOS/2
batchfilelanguagesthatisusedtoaddcommentstoaprogramorbatchfile.Any
statementbeginningwiththewordREMisignoredbytheinterpreterorcompilerorthe
commandprocessor.
remarkstatement(n)~AstatementintheBasicprogramminglanguageandtheMSDOS
andOS/2batchfilelanguagesthatisusedtoaddcommentstoaprogramorbatchfile.
AnystatementbeginningwiththewordREMisignoredbytheinterpreterorcompileror
thecommandprocessor.
remediation(n)~Theactofbringingasystemorpieceofsoftwareintocompliancewith
apolicyorconfigurationintent.
RemediationServer(n)~Aserverusedtoupdatethecomputerstatebyproviding
softwareupdates,newanti-virus(AV)signatures,additionalintrusiondetectionsignatures,
andsoon.
remediationserver(n)~Aserverthatisusedtoupdatethecomputerstatebyproviding
softwareupdates,newantivirussignatures,additionalintrusiondetectionsignatures,and
soon.
remindme(PN)~AfeatureinCortana’sNotebookwheretheusercanaddormanagehis
reminders.
reminder(n)~Amessagethatappearsataspecifiedintervalbeforeanappointment,
meeting,ortaskthatannounceswhentheactivityissettooccur.
reminder(n)~Anotificationontheappbarthatappearsataspecifiedintervalbeforean
appointment,meeting,ortaskannouncingwhentheactivityissettooccur.
remittanceformat(n)~Thefileformatforremittancestoaspecificbank.
remote(adj)~Notintheimmediatevicinity,asacomputerorotherdevicelocatedin
anotherplace(room,building,orcity)andaccessiblethroughsometypeofcableor
communicationslink.
remoteaccess(n)~PartoftheintegratedRoutingandRemoteAccessservicethat
providesremotenetworkingfortelecommuters,mobileworkers,andsystem
administratorswhomonitorandmanageserversatmultiplebranchoffices.Userscanuse
NetworkConnectionstodialintoremotelyaccesstheirnetworksforservicessuchasfile
andprintersharing,electronicmail,scheduling,andSQLdatabaseaccess.
RemoteAccessService(n)~Windowssoftwarethatallowsausertogainremoteaccess
tothenetworkserverviaamodem.
remoteActiveDirectoryauthentication(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesITprofessionalsto
activateWindows-basedcomputersbasedonuseridentitiesintheActiveDirectory,
withoutrequiringadditionalinfrastructure.
RemoteAuthenticationDial-InUserService(n)~AproposedInternetprotocolinwhich
anauthenticationserverprovidesauthorizationandauthenticationinformationtoa
networkservertowhichauserisattemptingtolink.
remotebusinessdataremoval(n)~Afeaturethatletsenterprisessecurelyremoveonly
enterprisedatafrompersonaldevices,withoutaffectinganypersonaldata.
remotecallcontrol(n)~Theabilitytosendandreceivecallsonadesktopphonebyusing
acomputer-supportedtelecommunicationsapplication,suchasLyncorCommunicator.
remotecallcontrolURI(n)~Anidentifierforatelephone,typicallyatelephonenumber
oraSIP(SessionInitiationProtocol)address.
remotecomputer(n)~Acomputerthatyoucanaccessonlybyusingacommunications
lineoracommunicationsdevice,suchasanetworkcardoramodem,andaremoteaccess
software(suchasRemoteDesktopConnection).
remoteconnection(n)~Afeaturethatletsyouworkonyourcomputerfromadifferent
computer.
Remoteconnections(PN)~Thelistitemforreportingthattheremoteconnectionsfeature
isproblematic.Thelistisdisplayedintheproblemreportingutilitybuiltintobeta
versionsofWindowsLiveSync.
remotecontrol(n)~TheprocessofviewingandinteractingwithanexistingRemote
DesktopProtocolsessioninitiatedbyanotheruser.
RemoteControlActivity(PN)~Thedetailsofsystemactivityofcomputersthatare
controlledremotelybyauser;theRemoteControlActivityisreportedontheRemote
ControlreportofConfigurationManager.
remotecontrolsoftware(n)~Softwaredesignedtoprovideaccesstoacomputerfroma
remotelocation.Theseprogramsareofteninstalledbythecomputerowneror
administrator,andareonlyariskifunexpected.
remotedata(n)~DatastoredinanOLEDBdatasourcethatisseparatefromthecurrent
instanceofSQLServer.
remotedataaccess(n)~Aservicethatprovidesasimplewayforasmartdevice
applicationtoaccess(pull)andsend(push)datatoandfromaremoteSQLServer
databasetableandalocalSQLServerMobileEditiondatabasetable.RDAcanalsobe
usedtoissueSQLcommandsonaserverrunningSQLServer.
RemoteDataObjects(n)~Anobject-orienteddataaccesstoolfeaturedinVisualBasic4
andlater.RemoteDataObjectshavenonativefileformatoftheirown;theycanbeused
onlywithdatabasescomplyingwiththemostrecentODBCstandards.Thisfeatureis
popularforitsspeedandminimalcodingrequirements.
remotedatabase(n)~Adatabasewhichisstoredonanothercomputerandissharedout
tootherusers.Theseuserscreatetheirownlocalcopy,whichisperiodicallysynchronized
withtheshareddatabase.
remotedebugger(n)~Adebuggerinaremotedebugsituation.
remotedebugging(n)~TheuseofVisualStudioononecomputer(thehostcomputer)to
debuganapplicationthatisrunningonanothercomputer(thetargetorremotecomputer).
RemoteDebuggingMonitor(n)~AsmallapplicationthatVisualStudioconnectstofor
remotedebugging.
RemoteDebuggingTools(PN)~Thetoolswhichletdevelopersconductaremote
debuggingfromonecomputertoanotherdevice.
RemoteDesktop(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatallowsuserstoconnectremotelytoa
computerandaccessprograms,files,andnetworkresourcesasthoughtheyweresittingat
thecomputer.
RemoteDesktop(PN)~Theappthatallowsuserstoconnectremotelytoacomputerand
accessprograms,files,andnetworkresourcesasthoughtheyweresittingatthecomputer.
Remotedesktop(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelppeopleto
accessonecomputerfromanotherviatheInternet.
RemoteDesktop~afeatureofsomeversionsofMicrosoftWindowsthatallowsone
computertoserveasthescreen,keyboard,andmouseofanother;thus,anycomputercan
beoperatedremotely.
RemoteDesktopConnection(PN)~Theclientsoftwarethatenablesuserstoconnecttoa
remotecomputerthathastheRemoteDesktopfeatureenabledortoaremotedesktop
server.
RemoteDesktopconnectionauthorizationpolicy(n)~Apolicythatallowsthe
administratortospecifywhocanconnecttoanRDGatewayserver.Administratorscan
alsospecifyrequirementsthatusersmustmeettoconnecttoanRDGatewayserver.
AdministratorscanconfigureRDCAPsbyusingtheAddRolesWizardduringinstallation
oftheRDGatewayroleservice,orbyusingRDGatewayManagerafterinstallation.
RemoteDesktopConnectionBroker(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesroleservicethat
enablesausertoloadbalancesessionsinaremotedesktopserverfarm.Additionally,RD
ConnectionBrokerenablesausertoreconnecttoanexistingsessioninaload-balanced
remotedesktopserverfarm.
RemoteDesktopEasyPrint(PN)~AprinterdriverinRemoteDesktopServicesthat
simplifiestheadministrationoverheadtoenableprintingtosupportedclients.Itenables
userstoreliablyprintfromaRemoteAppprogramorfromaremotedesktopserver
desktopsessiontothecorrectprinterontheirclientcomputer.Italsoenablesuserstohave
amuchmoreconsistentprintingexperiencebetweenlocalandremotesessions.
RemoteDesktopGateway(PN)~Aroleservicethatenablesauthorizedremoteusersto
connecttoresourcesonaninternalcorporateorprivatenetwork,fromanyInternet-
connecteddevice.RDGatewayusesRemoteDesktopProtocol(RDP)overHTTPStohelp
formasecure,encryptedconnectionbetweenremoteusersontheInternetandtheremote
computersonwhichtheirproductivityapplicationsrun.
RemoteDesktopGatewayManager(PN)~AMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)
consoleonanRDGatewayserverthatadministratorscanusetoconfigureRemote
Desktopconnectionauthorizationpolicies(RDCAPs),RemoteDesktopresource
authorizationpolicies(RDRAPs),andcomputergroupsassociatedwithRDRAPs.RD
GatewayManageralsoprovidestoolstohelpmonitorRDGatewayconnectionstatus,
health,andevents.
RemoteDesktopGatewayserver(n)~AserveronwhichtheRemoteDesktopGateway
roleserviceisinstalled.Usersconnecttonetworkresourcesonaninternalcorporateor
privatenetworkthroughanRDGatewayserver.
RemoteDesktopGatewayserverfarm(n)~AgroupofRDGatewayserversthathave
beenconfiguredtofunctioncorrectlyusingaloadbalancingsolutionthatisinplace.
RemoteDesktopIPVirtualization(PN)~AfeatureofRemoteDesktopServicesthat
enablesadministratorstoassignvirtualIPaddressestospecificprogramsrunningonthe
remotedesktopserverortoclientsessionsrunningontheremotedesktopserver.
RemoteDesktoplicenseserver(n)~AcomputeronwhichtheRDLicensingroleservice
isinstalled.AlicenseserverissuesRDSCALstousersordevicesthatconnecttoaremote
desktopserver.
RemoteDesktopLicensing(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesroleservicethatmanages
theRemoteDesktopServicesclientaccesslicenses(RDSCALs).RDLicensinginstalls,
issues,andmonitorstheavailabilityofRDSCALsonaRemoteDesktoplicenseserverby
usingRDLicensingManager.
RemoteDesktopLicensingDiagnoser(PN)~Amanagementtoolthatprovides
informationtohelpidentifypossiblelicensingproblemsfortheRemoteDesktopSession
Hostserver.
RemoteDesktopLicensingManager(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesmanagement
toolforinstalling,issuing,andmonitoringRemoteDesktopServicesclientaccesslicenses
(RDSCALs)onaRemoteDesktoplicenseserver.
RemoteDesktoplicensingmode(n)~AmodethatdeterminesthetypeofRemote
DesktopServicesclientaccesslicenses(RDSCALs)thataremotedesktopserverwill
requestfromalicenseserveronbehalfofaclientthatisconnectingtotheremotedesktop
server.
RemoteDesktopprofile(n)~Auserprofilethatisspecificallycreatedforremotedesktop
serversessions.
RemoteDesktopProtocol(n)~Aproprietaryprotocoltoprovideremotedisplayand
inputcapabilitiesovernetworkconnectionsforWindows-®-basedapplicationsbetween
twocomputers.
RemoteDesktopresourceauthorizationpolicy(n)~Apolicythatallowsan
administratortospecifythenetworkresourcesthatuserscanconnecttothroughanRD
Gatewayserver.AdministratorscanconfigureRDRAPsbyusingtheAddRolesWizard
duringinstallationoftheRDGatewayroleservice,orbyusingRDGatewayManager
afterinstallation.
RemoteDesktopServerConfiguration(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesmanagement
snap-inthatyoucanusetoconfiguresettingsfornewconnections,modifythesettingsof
existingconnections,anddeleteconnections.Youcanconfiguresettingsonaper-
connectionbasisorfortheserverasawhole.
RemoteDesktopServerExtension(PN)~AWindowsServerfeaturethataddsRemote
DesktopServices-specifictabstothePropertiessheetofauseraccount.
remotedesktopserverfarm(n)~Agroupofserversthatareinonelocationandthatare
networkedtogetherforthepurposeofsharingworkload.
remotedesktopservergroup(n)~Agroupoftwoormoreremotedesktopserversthat
youcanmanageviaRemoteDesktopServerManager.
RemoteDesktopServices(PN)~Aserverrolethatprovidesmulti-useraccessto
applicationsanddesktopsfornon-adminpurposes;providestechnologiesthatenableusers
toaccessWindows-basedprogramsthatareinstalledonaremotedesktopserver,orto
accesstheWindowsdesktopitself,fromalmostanycomputingdevice.
RemoteDesktopServicesclientaccesslicense(n)~Alicensethatisrequiredforauser
oradevicetoconnecttoaremotedesktopserver.
RemoteDesktopServicesLicensingWebsite(n)~AsecureMicrosoftWebsitethatis
designedtohelpyoumanageyourWindows2000orlaterlicenseserverandforyouto
obtainRemoteDesktopServicesclientaccesslicensetokens.Allinformationcollectedat
thissiteisusedtohelpyoumanageyourRemoteDesktopServicesresources.
RemoteDesktopServicesNetworkFairShare(PN)~Afeaturethatdynamically
distributesavailablebandwidthacrosssessionsbasedonthenumberofactivesessionsto
enableequalbandwidthutilization.
RemoteDesktopServicesPerDeviceclientaccesslicense(n)~Oneofthetwotypesof
RemoteDesktopServicesclientaccesslicenses(RDSCALs)thatpermitsonedevice
(usedbyanyuser)toconnecttoaremotedesktopserver.
RemoteDesktopServicesPerUserclientaccesslicense(n)~Oneofthetwotypesof
RemoteDesktopServicesclientaccesslicenses(RDSCALs)thatpermitsoneuserto
accessremotedesktopserversfromanunlimitednumberofclientcomputersordevices.
RemoteDesktopServicessession-baseddesktopdeployment(n)~Asession-based
deploymentthatallowsuserstoconnecttocollectionsthatincludepublishedRemoteApp
programsandsession-baseddesktops.
RemoteDesktopSessionHost(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesroleservicethat
enablesacomputerthatisrunningWindowsServertohostWindows-basedprogramsor
thefullWindowsdesktop.
RemoteDesktopSessionHostConfiguration(PN)~AnMMCmanagementsnap-infor
RemoteDesktopServices.YoucanuseRemoteDesktopSessionHostConfigurationto
configuresettingsfornewconnections,modifythesettingsofexistingconnections,and
deleteconnections.Youcanconfiguresettingsonaperconnectionbasis,orfortheserver
asawhole.
RemoteDesktopSessionHostserver(n)~AserverrunningtheRDSessionHostrole
servicethathostsWindows-basedprogramsorthefullWindowsdesktopforRemote
DesktopServicesclients.
RemoteDesktopVirtualizationHost(PN)~AWindowsserverthatisrunningMicrosoft
Hyper-VServer.
RemoteDesktopVirtualizationHostAgent(PN)~Aservicethatisrunningonany
machinethathastheRDVirtualizationroleserviceinstalled.
RemoteDesktopWebAccessConfiguration(PN)~InRemoteDesktopServices,the
sitewhereyoucanconfiguretheRDWebAccessWebPart.
RemoteDesktopWebConnection(n)~AfeatureofWindowsthatwhendeployedona
Webserver,allowsausertoconnecttoremotedesktopserversandothercomputers
throughaWebbrowser,evenifthefullRemoteDesktopConnectionclientisnotinstalled
ontheuser’scomputer.
RemoteDesktops(PN)~Asnap-inthatallowsuserstomanageRemoteDesktop
connectionstoremotedesktopserversandcomputersthatarerunningWindowsServer.
remotedevicewipe(n)~AtechnologythatenablestheExchangeservertosetamobile
devicetoerasealldatathenexttimethedeviceconnectstotheExchangeserver.
RemoteDiagnostics(n)~Remotediagnosticsistheabilitytoevaluatethecurrentstatus
ofelectronicequipmentfromaremotelocation.
RemoteDirectMemoryAccess(n)~Anetworkingfeaturethatletsonecomputerdirectly
placeinformationintothememoryofanothercomputer.
remoteDistributor(n)~AserverconfiguredasaDistributorthatisseparatefromthe
serverconfiguredasthePublisher.
remotedomain(n)~Aspecially-configureddomainthatdefinessettingsformailflow
basedonthedestinationdomainofeache-mailmessage.Administratorscanconfigure
specificsettingsforaspecificdestinationdomain,orconfiguredefaultsettingsforall
destinationdomains.Inthisway,theycancontrolthetypesofmessagesthataresentto
adomain.Theycanalsoapplymessageformatpoliciesandacceptablecharactersetsfor
messagesthataresentfromusersintheirorganizationtotheremotedomain.
RemoteFunctionCall(n)~ASAPprotocolthatenablesexternalsystemstocallSAP
ABAPfunctionmodules.RFCsenableremotecallsbetweentwoSAPsystemsorbetween
aSAPsystemandanon-SAPsystem.
RemoteHealthCheck(n)~Afeaturethatremotelyprovidesinformationabouthowwell
thesystemisfunctioning,howcustomersuseitandaboutsomeoftheproblemsthey
encounter.
remotehost(n)~AWebserveronaseparateservercomputer.Aremotehostisconnected
tootherserversbyanetworkconnection.
RemoteInstallationServer(n)~AnoptionalcomponentthatremotelyinstallsWindows
XPProfessional.RISinstallstheoperatingsystemonremoteboot-enabledclient
computersbyconnectingthecomputertothenetwork,startingtheclientcomputer,
loggingonwithavaliduseraccount,andcopyinganoperatingsystemimagetotheclient
computer.
RemoteInstallationServices(n)~Softwareservicesthatallowanadministratortosetup
newclientcomputersremotely,withouthavingtovisiteachclient.Thetargetclientsmust
supportremotebooting.
remotelogin(n)~Theactionofloggingintoacomputeratadistantlocationbymeansof
adatacommunicationsconnectionwiththecomputerthatoneispresentlyusing.After
remotelogin,theuser’sowncomputerbehaveslikeaterminalconnectedtotheremote
system.OntheInternet,remoteloginisdoneprimarilybyrloginandtelnet.
remoteloginidentification(n)~Theloginidentificationassignedtoauserforaccessing
remoteproceduresonaremoteserver.
remotemanagement(n)~Foranadministrator,theprocessofmanagingWindows
SteadyStateWindowsDiskProtectionfromaremotecomputerthroughActiveDirectory
GroupPolicy.
remotemediaconnection(n)~AWindowsMediaPlayer(WMP)specificfeaturethat
allowsyoutousetheInternettoaccessmusic,picturesandvideosavailableonyourhome
network.Thefeaturemustbeactivatedonatleasttwocomputersinordertowork.
remotenetworking(n)~Acommunicationsprogramlocatedonthemobiledevicethatis
usedtocreate,store,andestablishmodemconnectionstoremotecomputersandnetworks.
remotepartition(n)~Apartitionwhosedataisstoredonaserverrunninganinstanceof
AnalysisServices,otherthantheoneusedtostorethemetadataofthepartition.
remoteprocedurecall(n)~Acommunicationmechanismthatallowscomputersto
communicatewithoneanotheroveranetwork.AnRPCconsistsofaprocedureidentifier,
parameterspassedtotheprocedure,andavaluereturnedtothecaller(clientcomputer)
aftertheprocedurehasexecutedontheremotesystem(servercomputer).
remoteresource(n)~Acomputingresourceorapplicationthatisofferedinaremote
workspace.RemoteDesktopServerprovidesapplicationsanddesktopsasremote
resources.Othertypesofremoteresourcescanbedefinedthroughextensibility.
remoteroamingboundary(n)~AroamingboundaryinwhichtheSMSsitedistribution
pointsareremote(notwell-connected)totheAdvancedClientandsoftwarepackagesare
notavailablelocallytothatclient.Remoteroamingboundariesaretypicallyconfigured
forwirelessnetworks,VPNs,dial-upconnections,and,sometimes,branchoffices.
remotesensor(n)~Thedevicethatreceivesinfrared(IR)signalsfromotherdevices,like
aremotecontrol.Remotesensorscouldbeperipheraldevices,orcouldalsobebuiltinto
eithercomputersormonitors.
RemoteServerAdministrationTools(PN)~AfeatureinWindowsServerthatenables
remotemanagementofWindowsServeroperatingsystemsbyallowinguserstoopenand
runmanagementtoolsonaremotecomputer.
remoteservicebinding(n)~AServiceBrokerobjectthatspecifiesthelocalsecurity
credentialsforaremoteservice.
remotesession(n)~Aconnectiontoanothercomputeronanetwork.
remotesite(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagersitetowhichaclientisassignedand
hasanetworkconnection,buttheclientisnotcurrentlylocated.
remotestoredprocedure(n)~AstoredprocedurelocatedononeinstanceofSQLServer
thatisexecutedbyastatementonanotherinstanceofSQLServer.
remotetable(n)~AtablestoredinanOLEDBdatasourcethatisseparatefromthe
currentinstanceofSQLServer.
remoteterminal(n)~Aterminalthatislocatedatasiteremovedfromthecomputerto
whichitisattached.Remoteterminalsrelyonmodemsandtelephonelinesto
communicatewiththehostcomputer.
RemoteTools(PN)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagerfeaturethatanSMS/Configuration
Manageradministratorusestodirectlycontrol,monitor,oranalyzeclientcomputers.
RemoteToolsClientAgent(n)~AcomponentoftheSMS/ConfigurationManager
RemoteToolsfeature.ItisaprogramrunningonanSMS/ConfigurationManagerclient
thatenablesanSMS/ConfigurationManageradministratortouseremotetroubleshooting
toolstodiagnoseclientproblemsorremotelycontrolaclient.
RemoteToolsforMicrosoftVisualStudio2013Update2(n)~Asetoftoolsenabling
remotedebugging,remotetesting,andunittestingoncomputersthatdon’thaveVisual
Studioinstalled.
RemoteToolsforVisualStudio(PN)~RemoteToolsforVisualStudioenablesremote
debugging,remotetesting,andunittestingoncomputersthatdon’thaveVisualStudio
installed.
RemoteToolsforVisualStudio2013(PN)~RemoteToolsforVisualStudioenables
remotedebugging,remotetesting,andunittestingoncomputersthatdon’thaveVisual
Studioinstalled.
RemoteToolsforVisualStudio2013LanguagePack(n)~LanguagePackisafreeadd-
onthatyoucanusetoswitchthelanguagethat’sdisplayedinthePerformanceToolsfor
RemoteToolsforVisualStudio2013userinterface.
RemoteToolsOperator(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstoadministrative
userssothattheycanrunandauditremoteadministrationtools.
remoteuser(n)~AnexternaluserwithapersistentActiveDirectoryidentitywithinthe
organization.
RemoteVideo(n)~AbuttoninaVideoconversationwindowthatdisplaysthevideofeed
fromtheotherpersoninthecurrentvideoconversation.
remoteviewer(n)~Anaudiencememberwhoisnotphysicallylocatedinthesameroom
asthepresenter.
remoteworkspace(n)~Aworkspaceofferedbyapublisher,consistingofapplications,
shareddesktops,andpersonaldesktops(atleastsomeofwhichareaccessedremotely).
Eachusergetsapersonallyfilteredviewoftheitemsintheremoteworkspace.
RemoteApp(PN)~AfeatureofRemoteDesktopServicesthatenablestheusertoaccessa
programremotelythroughRemoteDesktopServicesbuthaveitappearasifitisrunning
ontheuser’slocalcomputer.UserscanrunRemoteAppprogramssidebysidewiththeir
localprograms.
RemoteApp(PN)~Theservicetypewhichprovidesremotedesktopapplicationas-a-
service.
RemoteAppandDesktopConnection(PN)~AcustomizedviewofRemoteApp
programsandvirtualdesktopsthattheadministratormakesavailabletousersthatare
usingWindows7orRADWebAccess.
RemoteAppandDesktopConnectionManagement(PN)~AWindowsServerrole
serviceforRemoteDesktopServices(i.e.aRDsubrole)thathousestheassignment,
connectionhandling,andexecutiondesignationpolicy,thusdefiningthecontentsand
availabilityofaremoteworkspace.
RemoteAppandDesktopConnectionWebservice(n)~AWebservicethatisinstalled
asapartofRADWebAccesstohelpclientcomputerskeepinsyncwithworkspaces.
RemoteAppandDesktopWebAccessConfiguration(PN)~AnoptionontheRemote
DesktopServicesmenuontheAdministrativeToolsmenuthatopenstheRADWeb
AccessWebsiteforadministrativepurposes.
RemoteAppManager(PN)~ARemoteDesktopServicesmanagementsnap-infor
managingRemoteAppprograms.
RemoteAppUsers(PN)~TheresourcefortheRemoteAppservicetypeoftheApp
Servicesservice.
RemoteFX(PN)~Atechnologythatdeliversarichuserexperiencebyrenderingcontent
ontheserverbyusinggraphicsprocessingunits(GPUs)orhardware.
RemoteFX3Dvideoadapter(n)~Thesyntheticvideodriverthatisinstalledonthe
virtualdesktop.RemoteFXusesGPUVirtualization,atechnologythatexposesavirtual
graphicsdevicetoavirtualmachine,toexposeaWDDMdriverwiththevirtualdesktop,
andallowsmultiplevirtualdesktopstoshareasingleGPUonaHyper-Vserver.The
virtualGPUisusedtoperformhostsiderenderingof3Dandothercontent.Thisenables
supportforallgraphicstypesbysendinghighlycompressedbitmapimagestothe
endpointdeviceinanadaptivemanner.
RemoteFXAdaptiveGraphics(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesaseamlessdeliveryof
virtualdesktopandRemoteAppprogramsbyusingtheWindowsAeroand3-Dexperience
acrossavarietyofnetworks,includingnetworkswherebandwidthislimitedandlatencyis
high.
RemoteFXdecoder(n)~Ahardwaredecoderthatcanbeinstalledonaclientdeviceand
thatdecodesbitmapsthathavetransferredfromthevirtualdesktoptotheclientcomputer.
RemoteFXdecoding(n)~ThedecodingprocessusedwiththeMicrosoftRemoteFX
technology,includingsixfunctionalstageswhichareinreverseordertotheoperationsof
theencodingprocess.
RemoteFXencoder(n)~Anoptionalhardwareencoderthatcanbeinstalledfor
additionalscalabilityontheRemoteFXserver.TheRemoteFXencoderallowsencoding
ontheprocessor,ontheGPU,orondedicatedhardware.Thisflexibleencodingprocess
provideshighfidelityandscalability.Incomputerswheretheprocessorsareconsistently
busy,thededicatedhardwareensuresthattheuserexperienceisnotaffected.
RemoteFXencoding(n)~TheencodingprocessusedwiththeMicrosoftRemoteFX
technology,includingsevenfunctionalstagesintheencodingpath.
RemoteFXforRDSessionHost(PN)~RemoteFXrunningonanRDSessionHost
server.
RemoteFXforRDVirtualizationHost(PN)~RemoteFXrunningonanRD
VirtualizationHostserver.
RemoteFXMediaStreaming(PN)~Afeaturethatenablescommunicationofmedia
objectsthroughastreamingprocessusingRemoteFX.
RemoteFXserver(n)~AserverrunningRemoteFX.
RemoteFX-enabledvirtualdesktop(n)~AvirtualdesktoponwhichRemoteFXcanbe
run.
remotelyadministeredserver(n)~Aserverthatyoucanadministerbyusingadifferent
computer.Youtypicallyaccessthistypeofserverbyusinganetworkconnection.A
remotelyadministeredservercanhavealocalkeyboard,mouse,orvideocardand
monitor.
remoting(n)~Theprocessofcommunicationbetweendifferentoperatingsystem
processes,regardlessofwhethertheyareonthesamecomputer.
removable(oth)~Capableofbeingtakenoutfromalist,database,orotheritem,ortobe
uninstalled.
removabledrive(n)~Aremovablestoragedevice,suchasanexternalharddiskorUSB
flashdrive,usedforincreasingstoragespaceonacomputerorfortransferringinformation
betweencomputers.
removablemedia(n)~Anythingusedforinformationstoragethatisdesignedtobeeasily
insertedintoandremovedfromacomputerorportabledevice.Commonremovablemedia
includeCDandDVDdiscs,aswellasremovablememorycards.
RemovableStorage(n)~Aserviceusedformanagingremovablemedia(suchastapes
anddiscs)andstoragedevices(libraries).RemovableStorageallowsapplicationsto
accessandsharethesamemediaresources.
removaltool(n)~Softwarecodeusedbyantivirusoranti-spywareprogramstoremove
malicioussoftwareorpotentiallyunwantedsoftwarefromacomputer.
remove(v)~Totakeoutobjectsfromalist,database,orotheritem,ortouninstalla
program.
Removeassociation(v)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertoremovethelinkbetweenan
itemandaToDo.
RemoveBackground(PN)~Anoptionthatisolatestheforegroundportionofanimage
andmakethebackgroundtransparent.
removecall(PN)~AbuttononthecallprogressscreenforVoiceoverLTE(VoLTE).This
buttonisusedwhenauserisinaconferencecallandneedstodroponeoftheparticipants
withoutendingtheconferencecall.
RemoveFromConference(oth)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforaconference
participantthatremovestheselectedparticipantfromthecurrentconference.
RemovefromContactList(PN)~Anitemonacontact’scontextmenutoremovea
contactfromthecontactlist.
RemovefromGroup(PN)~Anitemthatdeletesaselectedcontactfromacontactgroup,
whenthecontactisright-clicked.
RemovefromThisConversation(oth)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforacontact
thatdisconnectstheselectedparticipantfromthecurrentconversation.
Rename(v)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforaconferenceparticipantthatrenames
theselectedconferenceparticipant.
RenameGroup(PN)~Anitemthatletsauserrenameagroup,whenthegroupnamein
theContactslistisright-clicked.
RenamethisToDo(v)~AnoptionthatallowstheusertochangethenameofaToDo
iteminthelistoftasks.
render(v)~Todisplayagraphicimagefromadatafileonanoutputdevicesuchasa
videodisplayorprinter.
rendertransform(n)~Atypeoftransformationthatmodifiestheappearanceofthe
elementbutisappliedafterthelayoutpassiscomplete.ByusingtheRenderTransform
propertyinsteadoftheLayoutTransformproperty,youcanobtainperformancebenefits.
renderedoutput(n)~Theoutputfromarenderingextension.
renderedreport(n)~Afullyprocessedreportthatcontainsbothdataandlayout
information,inaformatsuitableforviewing(suchasHTML).
rendering(n)~Thecreationofanimagecontaininggeometricmodels,usingcolorand
shadingtogivetheimagearealisticlook.Usuallypartofageometricmodelingpackage
suchasaCADprogram,renderingusesmathematicstodescribethelocationofalight
sourceinrelationtotheobjectandtocalculatethewayinwhichthelightwouldcreate
highlights,shading,andvariationsincolor.Thedegreeofrealismcanrangefromopaque,
shadedpolygonstoimagesapproximatingphotographsintheircomplexity.
rendering(n)~Theprocessofapplyingeffectstoorresizinganimageaccordingto
adjustmentsorsettingsspecifiedbytheuser.
renderingextension(n)~Aplug-inthatrendersreportstoaspecificformat(forexample,
anExcelrenderingextension)
renderingintent(n)~Incolormanagement,theapproachusedtomapthecolors
specifiedinanimagefiletothecolorgamutofyourmonitororprinter.Thecolorgamutis
therangeofcolorthatadevicecanproduce.
renderingobjectmodel(n)~Reportobjectmodelusedbyrenderingextensions.
renewalonlymode(n)~AconfigurationmodefortheCertificateEnrollmentWeb
Serviceinwhichitwillonlyprocessrenewalrequests.
reordermargin(n)~Anumberofdaysaddedtonormalprocurementtimeforitemsto
protectagainstunplanneddelays.
reorderpoint(n)~Thepointatwhichanitemshouldbereorderedbasedoncurrent
inventoryandcustomerbuyingpatterns.
repackage(v)~Totakeencodeddatainonedigitalcontainerfileformatandplaceitin
anotherwithouttranscoding.Forexample,fromMP4toISMV.
repaginate(v)~Torecalculatethepagebreaksinadocument.
repaint(v)~Toredrawthescreen.TheRepaintmethodcompletesanypendingscreen
updatesforaspecifiedform.
reparenting(n)~TheprocessofdynamicallyrearrangingahierarchyofSharePointsites,
typicallyusedduringamigration.
re-parenting(n)~TheprocessofdynamicallyrearrangingahierarchyofSharePointsites,
typicallyusedduringamigration.
repeat(v)~AcommandinMicrosoftWordthatcausesallinformationcontainedineither
thelastcommanddialogboxorthelastuninterruptededitingsessiontoberepeated.
repeat(v)~Toreplayaportionortheentiretyofadigitalmediafile.
Repeat(v)~Agradientbrushoptionthatmakesthegradientrepeat.
Repeat(v)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertospecifytheintervalsatwhichan
appointmentortaskwillberepeated.
repeatcount(n)~Thenumberoftimestorepeataportionofananimationstoryboard.
repeatdelay(n)~Adelayoftheamountoftimethatelapsesbeforeacharacterbegins
repeatingwhenyouholddownakey.
repeatrate(n)~Therateatwhichcharactersrepeatwhenauserholdsdownakey.
repeatercontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetoiterateoverasmallsetofdata,bind
thatdatatoanHTMLtemplate,anddisplayitinanyrepeatedUI.
RepeatingBendingProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogression
orsequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.Maximizesbothhorizontalandvertical
displayspaceforshapes.Doesnotemphasizedirectionality.
repeatingfield(n)~Afieldinthedatasourcethatcanoccurmorethanonce.Controls
suchasbulleted,numbered,andplainlists;repeatingsections;andrepeatingtablescanbe
boundtorepeatingfields.
repeatinggroup(n)~Agroupinthedatasourcethatcanoccurmorethanonce.Controls
suchasrepeatingsectionsandrepeatingtablesareboundtorepeatinggroups.
repeatingsection(n)~Acontrolonaformthatcontainsothercontrolsandthatrepeatsas
needed.Userscaninsertmultiplesectionswhenfillingouttheform.
repeatingsectioncontentcontrol(n)~?Acontentcontrolthatenablesausertherepeat
itscontentsasmanytimesastheuserwantstorepeatit.
repeatingtable(n)~Acontrolonaformthatcontainsothercontrolsinatableformatand
thatrepeatsasneeded.Userscaninsertmultiplerowswhenfillingouttheform.
repetition(n)~Aninstanceofacycleinamultiplecycleseries.
replace(v)~Toputnewdataintheplaceofotherdata,usuallyafterconductingasearch
forthedatatobereplaced.Text-basedapplicationssuchaswordprocessorstypically
includeFindandReplacecommands.
Replacewith(v)~AUIelementbelowwhicharelisteditems.Ausercanselectanitem
fromthelistanditwillbeputintheplaceofanotheritem.
replacementcost(n)~Thecurrentcostofreplacinganexistingassetwithasimilarasset
withequivalentoperationalcapability.
replacementsoftware(n)~Asoftwarepackagethattakestheplaceofthepreviouslyused
softwarepackage.
replacer(n)~Afunctionusedforreplacingthevalueoftext,digtaletc.
replenishment(n)~Aninventorymanagementprocessinwhichawarehouselocationis
automaticallyormanuallyrestockedbasedonpredefinedcriteriatomaintainthecorrect
inventorylevelsatthelocation.
replica(n)~InActiveDirectoryreplication,oneinstanceofalogicalActiveDirectory
partitionthatissynchronizedbymeansofreplicationbetweendomaincontrollersthat
holdcopiesofthesamedirectorypartition.Replicacanalsorefertoaninstanceofan
objectorattributeinadistributeddirectory.
replica(n)~IntheFileReplicationservice(FRS),acomputerthathasbeenincludedin
theconfigurationofaspecificreplicaset.
replica(n)~AcompletecopyofprotecteddataresidingonasinglevolumeontheDPM
server.Areplicaiscreatedforeachprotecteddatasourceafteritisaddedtoitsprotection
group.Withco-location,multipledatasourcescanhavetheirreplicasresidingonthesame
replicavolume.
replica(n)~Acopyofadatabasethatisamemberofareplicasetandcanbe
synchronizedwithotherreplicasintheset.
replica(n)~Aparticularrepositoryofinformationtobesynchronized.
replicacreation(n)~Theprocessbywhichafullcopyofdatasources,selectedfor
inclusioninaprotectiongroup,istransferredtotheDPMstoragepool.Thereplicacanbe
createdoverthenetworkfromlivedataonthefileserverorfromatapebackupsystem.
Replicacreationisaninitializationprocessthatisperformedforeachvolumewhenthe
volumeisaddedtoaprotectiongroup.
replicaID(n)~Avaluethatuniquelyidentifiesareplica.
replicakey(n)~A4-bytevaluethatmapstoareplicaIDinareplicakeymap.
Replicaserver(n)~Theserverthathostsvirtualmachinesthatismaintainedinreservein
theeventthattheprimaryserver(anditsprimaryvirtualmachines)mustgooffline.The
Replicavirtualmachinesarekeptuptodatewithanychangesthatoccurontheprimary
virtualmachinesbytheprocessofreplication.
replicaset(n)~Oneormoresharedfoldersthatparticipatesinreplication.
replicaset(n)~Thecompletelistofreplicasthatbacksaparticularfailoverunitandtheir
associatedroles.
replicasettopology(n)~Theorderinwhichchangesarepropagatedfromreplicato
replica.Topologydetermineshowquicklychangesinanotherreplicaappearinyour
replica.
replicatickcount(n)~Amonotonicallyincreasingnumberthatisusedtouniquely
identifyachangetoaniteminareplica.
Replicavirtualmachine(n)~AvirtualmachinerunningontheReplicaserverthat
receiveschangesthataredetectedonthecorrespondingprimaryvirtualmachine.
replicavolume(n)~AvolumeontheDPMserverthatcontainsthereplicaandshadow
copiesforaprotectedvolume.
replication(n)~Theprocessofcopyingcontentand/orconfigurationsettingsfromone
location,generallyaservernode,toanother.Replicationisdonetoensuresynchronization
orfaulttolerance.
ReplicationID(n)~A16-bytevaluegeneratedfromtheuniqueidentifieronadevice,the
currentdateandtime,andasequencenumber.Itisusedtoidentifyaparticulardevice,
component,user,orsession.
replicationlatency(n)~InActiveDirectoryreplication,thedelaybetweenthetimean
updateisappliedtoagivenreplicaofadirectorypartitionandthetimeitisappliedto
someotherreplicaofthesamedirectorypartition.Aserverreceiveschangesnosooner
thaneitheritisnotifiedofachangefromitsneighborinthesamesiteoritsperiodic
replicationtimerexpires.
ReplicationLinkAnalyzer(PN)~AConfigurationManagertoolthatdetects,analyzes,
andremediatesdatabasereplicationissuesinahierarchy.
ReplicationManagementObjects(PN)~Amanagedcodeassemblythatencapsulates
replicationfunctionalitiesforSQLServer.
replicationpolicy(n)~Rulesthatdefinehowandwhenreplicationisperformed.
replicationtopology(n)~IntheFileReplicationservice(FRS),theinterconnections
betweenreplicasetmembers.Theseinterconnectionsdeterminethepaththatdatatakesas
itreplicatestoallreplicasetmembers.
replicationtopology(n)~InActiveDirectoryreplication,thesetofconnectionsthat
domaincontrollersusetoreplicateinformationamongthemselves.
reply(v)~Toansweraninstantmessage.
ReplyAll(PN)~Anoptionthatinitiatesane-mailresponseaddressedtoallofthe
recipientsontheToorCclinesoftheoriginalmessage.
replycomment(PN)~Areplytoacommentinadocument.
ReplytoAll(PN)~Anoptionthatinitiatesane-mailresponseaddressedtoallofthe
recipientsontheToorCclinesoftheoriginalmessage.
report(n)~Thepresentationofinformationaboutagiventopic,typicallyinprintedform.
Reportspreparedwithcomputersandappropriatesoftwarecanincludetext,graphics,and
charts.Databaseprogramscanincludespecialsoftwareforcreatingreportformsand
generatingreports.Desktoppublishingsoftwareandlaserprintersortypesetting
equipmentcanbeusedtoproducepublication-qualityoutput.
report(n)~Adatabaseobjectthatprintsinformationformattedandorganizedaccording
toyourspecifications.
report(n)~InformationproducedfromthemetricswarehouseofVisualStudioTeam
Foundation.
report(n)~Avisualdisplayofdatainadashboardthatcanbecoordinatedwithother
reportviewsbyusingfilters.
report(v)~Toupdatetheprogressionoroutputofworkdoneoutsideoftheapplication.
Thereportingactionistakenbyaperson.
report(n)~Adocumentthatisgeneratedbyanapplication.
Reportaserviceproblem(PN)~AlinktoenableuserstonotifyMicrosoftsupportinthe
eventofanoutagewhenoneormoreOffice365servicesaredown.
Reportaviolation(PN)~TheSwaylinkthatopensanemailthatallowsuserstoreporta
violationofSway’stermsofuse.
ReportAbuse(PN)~Thelinktotheformwhereausercanreportviolationsoftheterms
ofuse.Contextually,it’sunderstoodthattheabuseinquestionispoorconduct,suchas
obscenelanguageorthreats.
ReportBuilder(PN)~AreportauthoringtoolthatfeaturesaMicrosoftOffice-like
authoringenvironmentandfeaturessuchasnewsparkline,databar,andindicatordata
visualizations,theabilitytosavereportitemsasreportparts,awizardforcreatingmaps,
aggregatesofaggregates,andenhancedsupportforexpressions.
ReportCenter(PN)~AfeaturethatleveragesExcelServicesandSharePointServerto
provideeasyandpowerfulreportingcapabilities.
ReportConsolidator(PN)~AWebAnalyticscomponentthatisresponsiblefor
aggregatinganalyticsdata.
reportdatapane(n)~Adatapanethatdisplaysahierarchicalviewoftheitemsthat
representdataintheuser’sreport.Thetoplevelnodesrepresentbuilt-infields,
parameters,images,anddatasourcereferences.
ReportDataProvider-basedreport(n)~Areportwherethedatasourceisdefinedina
ReportDataProvider(RDP)class.
Reportdatabase(n)~TheSQLServerdatabasethatstoresDPMreportinginformation.
reportdefinition(n)~Theblueprintforareportbeforethereportisprocessedor
rendered.Areportdefinitioncontainsinformationaboutthequeryandlayoutforthe
report.
reportdefinition(n)~Abuildingblockthatusesarowdefinition,acolumndefinition,
andanoptionalreportingtreedefinitiontobuildareport.
ReportDefinitionLanguage(n)~Asetofinstructionsthatdescribelayoutandquery
informationforareport.RDLiscomposedofXMLelementsthatconformtoanXML
grammarcreatedforReportingServices.
ReportDesigner(n)~Acollectionofdesignsurfacesandgraphicaltoolsthatarehosted
withintheMicrosoftVisualStudioenvironment.
ReportDesigner(PN)~AnapplicationthatusesMicrosoftDynamicsERPdatatocreate
reportsinManagementReporter.
reportexecutionsnapshot(n)~Areportsnapshotthatiscached.Reportadministrators
createreportexecutionsnapshotsiftheywanttorunreportsfromstaticcopies.
reportfooter(n)~Areportsectionusedtoplaceinformationthatnormallyappearsatthe
bottomofthepage,suchaspagenumbers,dates,andsums.
reportgenerator(n)~Anapplication,commonlypartofadatabasemanagement
program,thatusesareportformcreatedbytheusertolayoutandprintthecontentsofa
database.Areportgeneratorisusedtoselectspecificrecordfieldsorrangesofrecords,to
maketheoutputattractivebyincludingsuchfeaturesasheadings,runningheads,page
numbers,andfonts.
reportgroup(n)~Asetofreportdefinitionsthatcanbeusedtogeneratemorethanone
reportsimultaneously.
reportheader(n)~Areportsectionusedtoplaceinformation,suchasatitle,date,or
reportintroduction,atthebeginningofareport.
reporthistory(n)~Acollectionofpreviouslyruncopiesofareport.
reporthistorysnapshot(n)~Reporthistorythatcontainsdatacapturedataspecificpoint
intime.
reportintermediateformat(n)~Internalrepresentationofareport.
reportitem(n)~Entityonareport.
reportlayouttemplate(n)~Apre-designedtable,matrix,orchartreporttemplatein
ReportBuilder.
reportlibrary(n)~Astructuredsetoffiles(rowworksheets,columnworksheetsand
reportingtrees)thatarecombinedtocreateafinancialreport.
reportlink(n)~URLtoareport.
reportlink(n)~TheURLornetworklocationwhereageneratedreportisstored.
reportlostcard(PN)~ArichbuttonintheWalletfeaturethatcontainsthecontactphone
numberforthecardissuer.Tappingthebuttoncallsthephonenumber.
ReportManager(n)~AWeb-basedreportmanagementtool
reportmodel(n)~Ametadatadescriptionofbusinessdatausedforcreatingadhoc
reports.
ReportOperatoruserrole(n)~InSystemCenterOperationsManager2007,theuser
rolethatgrantsmemberstherightstoaccessandrunreports.BecauseVirtualMachine
ManagerreportsarecreatedthroughOperationsManager,VirtualMachineManager
administratorsmustbeamemberoftheReportOperatoruserroletoviewandrunreports
intheVirtualMachineManagerAdministratorConsole.
reportpart(n)~Areportitemthathasbeenpublishedseparatelytoareportserverand
thatcanbereusedinotherreports.
reportperiod(n)~Thespanoftimeduringwhichyoutrackandupdateataskthatthe
workgroupmanagerhasassignedtoyou.Youcanchangetheunitoftimetodays,weeks,
orasingleunitoftimeforthewholetask.
ReportProcessorcomponent(n)~Acomponentthatretrievesthereportdefinitionfrom
thereportserverdatabaseandcombinesitwithdatafromthedatasourceforthereport.
ReportProject(n)~Atemplateinthereportauthoringenvironment.
ReportProjectWizard(n)~Awizardinthereportauthoringenvironmentusedtocreate
reports.
reportqueue(n)~ForMessageQueuing,aqueueonthesourcecomputerthatcontains
reportmessages.Reportqueuescanbeusedwhensendingtestmessagesandtracking
messageroutes.
reportrendering(n)~Theactionofcombiningthereportlayoutwiththedatafromthe
datasourceforthepurposeofviewingthereport.
reportserver(n)~AlocationonthenetworkwhereReportBuilderislaunchedfromand
areportissaved,managed,andpublished.
ReportServer(server/month)(PN)~Theunitofmeasureforaserveronwhicha
reportingserviceonMicrosoftAzureSQLReportingruns.
reportserveradministrator(n)~Auserwithelevatedprivilegeswhocanaccessall
settingsandcontentofareportserver.Areportserveradministratorisauserwhois
assignedtotheContentManagerrole,theSystemAdministratorrole,orboth.Alllocal
administratorsareautomaticallyreportserveradministrators,butadditionaluserscan
becomereportserveradministratorsforallorpartofthereportservernamespace.
reportserverdatabase(n)~Adatabasethatprovidesinternalstorageforareportserver.
reportserverexecutionaccount(n)~TheaccountunderwhichtheReportServerWeb
serviceandReportServerWindowsservicerun.
ReportServerWebservice(n)~AWebservicethathosts,processes,anddelivers
reports.
reportsignature(n)~Astringusedtoidentifytheversionofareport.
reportsnapshot(n)~Astaticreportthatcontainsdatacapturedataspecificpointintime.
reportsubscription(n)~Aregistrationtohaveaparticularreportdeliveredtospecific
userswhohaveaninterestinit.
reporttask(n)~Ataskthatspecifieswhichreportstogenerateandwhatparametersto
use;whichvolumesandfolderstoreporton;howoftentogeneratethereports;andwhich
fileformatstosavethemin.
reporttemplate(n)~AnExceltemplate(.xltfile)thatincludesoneormorequeriesor
PivotTablereportsthatarebasedonexternaldata.Whenyousaveareporttemplate,Excel
savesthequerydefinitionbutdoesn’tstorethequerieddatainthetemplate.
Reporttoolbar(n)~ThetoolbaratthetopoftheReportsection,usedtocreateandedit
reports.
reporttype(n)~Acategoryofreportsthatallcontainsimilarinformation.
reportviewgroup(n)~Asetofreportviewsthataregroupedtogetherinasingle
dashboardzone.Thesereportviewscanbeconditionallyshown,basedontheselected
KPI.
ReportViewer(n)~Areportingtool,accessiblethroughtheConfigurationManager
console,thatusesyourwebbrowserasareportviewer.
ReportViewer(PN)~Aviewerthatdisplaysgeneratedreportsandletsusersadd
commentstoareport,createchartsorgraphsfromreportdata,viewvariouslevelsofa
financialreport,andexportthereporttootherfiletypes.
ReportWebPart(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstoviewandinteractwithreportsthat
arecreatedinPerformancePointDashboardDesigner.
ReportWizard(PN)~Awizardthatguidesusersthroughcreatingandpublishinga
ReportingServicesreport.
reportwriter(n)~Anapplication,commonlypartofadatabasemanagementprogram,
thatusesareportformcreatedbytheusertolayoutandprintthecontentsofadatabase.A
reportgeneratorisusedtoselectspecificrecordfieldsorrangesofrecords,tomakethe
outputattractivebyincludingsuchfeaturesasheadings,runningheads,pagenumbers,and
fonts.
reporting(n)~Theprocessofprogrammaticallygeneratingreportstopresenta
customizedviewofstoreddata.
reportingagency(n)~Anorganizationthatcollectsinformationfromvarioussourcesfor
avarietyofuses.
reportingcomponent(n)~Acomponentthatprovidescomprehensivereporting
functionalityforavarietyofdatasources.
reportingcurrency(n)~Themonetaryunitofmeasureusedtorecordtheconverted
monetaryvalueofeconomictransactionsinledgeraccountsforfinancialandmanagement
reportingpurposes.
reportingcurrencyunit(n)~Acurrencyunitthatisusedtorecordthefinancial
consequencesofaccountingeventsandtoprepareandreportancillaryfinancial
statements.
reportingdatawarehouse(PN)~AnOperationsManagerfeaturethatmanagesthe
OperationsManagerDWdatabaseandthatcanbeindependentlyinstalled.
reportingdatabase(n)~TheSQLServerdatabasethatstoresDPMreporting
information.
reportingmode(n)~Theenforcementmodeinwhichallnon-complianceissuesare
recordedforreportingpurposesonly.Clientcomputersdonothavetheiraccessrestricted.
reportingpoint(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagersitesystemthathoststheReport
ViewercomponentforWeb-basedreportingfunctionality.
reportingservice(n)~Aserviceprovidedbyanapplicationorunderlyingdatabase
subsystem,forexample,SQLServerReportingServices(SSRS),thatenablesrapid
developmentofreportsbasedonunderlyingdatasources.
reportingservicespoint(n)~AsitesystemrolethatintegrateswithSQLServer
ReportingServicestocreateandmanagereportsforConfigurationManager.
ReportingServicesreport(PN)~AreporttypethatactsasawrapperforaSQLServer
ReportingServicesreportsothattheReportingServicesreportcanbedisplayedina
PerformancePointdashboard.
reportingtree(n)~Avisualrepresentationofanorganization’sstructure,showinglevels
inthecorporatehierarchysuchascompanies,divisions,departments,projectsandtasks.
OneofthethreeManagementReporterbuildingblocks.
reportingtreedefinition(n)~Abuildingblockthatcontainsindividualreportingunits
andisarrangedlikeanorganizationalchart.
reportingunit(n)~Anyunitorbox’withinthereportingtree.’
Reportingview(n)~TheviewintheVirtualMachineManagerAdministratorConsolein
whichtheadministratorrunsreports.
Reports(n)~Afolderintheworkspacebrowserwhereavailablereportviewsarelisted.
reportsbuilder(n)~Atitleforpagesdealingwithreportsauthoring.
Reportsmodule(n)~AMicrosoftCRMmoduleusedtocreate,view,andprintmetrics
andstatisticalreports.
Reportspage(n)~ThepageintheAdministrationCenterthatdetailsExchangeHosted
Servicesstatisticsforthehostedorganization.
ReportServerservice(n)~Thelocalreportservicethatmanages,executes,renders,
schedules,anddeliversDPMreports.
report-specificschedule(n)~Scheduledefinedinlinewithareport.Report-specific
schedulesaredefinedinthecontextofanindividualreport,subscription,orreport
executionoperationtodeterminecacheexpirationorsnapshotupdates.
reposition(v)~Tochangeonlytheobject’salignment,andmargins(ifthecontainerisa
Grid),orthetopandleftproperties(ifthecontainerobjectisaCanvas).
repository(n)~Adatabasecontaininginformationmodelsthat,inconjunctionwiththe
executablesoftware,managethedatabase.
repository(n)~Acentralstoragelocation,usuallyaserver,thatstoresspecificdatasuch
asfilesundersourcecontrol.
repositoryengine(n)~Object-orientedsoftwarethatprovidesmanagementsupportfor
andcustomeraccesstoarepositorydatabase.
repositoryobject(n)~ACOMobjectthatrepresentsadataconstructstoredina
repositorytypelibrary.
RepositorySQLschema(n)~Asetofstandardtablesusedbytherepositoryengineto
manageallrepositoryobjects,relationships,andcollections.
RepositoryTypeInformationModel(PN)~Acoreobjectmodelthatrepresents
repositorytypedefinitionsforMetadataServices.
representationalstatetransfer(n)~Anarchitecturalstylethatcanbeusedtobuild
softwareinwhichclientsmakerequestsofservices.Aresourceisaddressedviaaunique
URI,andaresourcerequestisaccomplishedusingtheHTTPstandardverbs,GET,POST,
PUT,andDELETE.Alltheinformationnecessarytoprocessaresourcerequestis
containedinsidetherequestitself.
republisher(n)~ASubscriberthatpublishesdatathatithasreceivedfromaPublisher.
repudiation(n)~Theabilityofausertofalselydenyhavingperformedanactionthat
otherpartiescannotproveotherwise.Forexample,auserwhodeletedafilecan
successfullydenydoingsoifnomechanism(suchasauditfiles)canproveotherwise.
requery(v)~Torerunaqueryunderlyingtheactiveformordatasheetinordertoreflect
changestotherecords,displaynewlyaddedrecords,andeliminatedeletedrecords.
request(n)~AsingleactionthattheProvisioningServerisbeingaskedtoperformbythe
solutionprovider.
requestamountapprovallimit(n)~Themaximumamountonapurchaserequest
documentthatanapproverisallowedtoapprove.
RequestFiltering(n)~AnIIS7.0featureforHTTPandFTPthatenablesadministrators
toallowordenyInternetrequeststhatarebasedonHTTPorFTPcommands,URL
sections,requestlimits,etc.
RequestForComments(n)~Adocumentinwhichastandard,aprotocol,orother
informationpertainingtotheoperationoftheInternetispublished.TheRFCisactually
issued,underthecontroloftheIAB,afterdiscussionandservesasthestandard.RFCscan
beobtainedfromsourcessuchasInterNIC.
requestforquotation(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsaninvitationtobidon
supplyingaquantityofproductforaspecifiedpriceandbyaspecifieddate.
requesthandler(n)~Aservercomponentthatenablesthehandlingandroutingof
requests.
RequestHandler(PN)~ADuetservercomponentthatenableshandlingandroutingof
requestsfromtheSAPsystemtoMicrosoftOfficeOutlookviaMicrosoftExchange
Server.
requestheader(n)~AninformationallistingatthetopofanHTTPrequest.
requestmanagement(n)~Theabilityforausertointeractwithandmanagesubmitted
requestsandassociatedworkflows.
RequestManagement(PN)~ASharePointfeaturethathelpsmakesmartrouting
decisions,basedonroutingrulesthatrelatethenatureofrequeststothedynamictopology
ofitsfarm.
requestmethod(n)~AmethodthatusesGETorPOST.
requestphase(n)~AparticularphaseoftheILM-€œ2-€?requestprocessingmodel.It
representsoneofthreeworkflows:Authentication,AuthorizationorAction.
requestthrottling(n)~Amethodofpreventingadenialofserviceattackbylimitingthe
numberofrequeststhatcanbemadetoasystem.
requesttree(n)~ThetreeofnodesthatcontainsHTTPrequests.
RequestWebService(n)~AWebservicethatacceptsrequestsfromsolutionprovidersto
managecomputerswithFlexGotechnology.
requested(adj)~Anopenserviceactivitystatusthatdenotesthat,althoughtheresources
arenotyetscheduledtoperformworkforthisserviceactivitity,apotentialtimehasbeen
found.
requestedexecutionlevel(oth)~Anattributeofanapplicationthatindicateswhichtype
ofaccesstokentousewhentheapplicationisstarted.Therequestedexecutionlevelcan
bedefinedinanapplicationmanifestoranAppCompatdatabaseentry,oritmaybe
derivedautomaticallybytheWindowsoperatingsystembasedonheuristics,ifno
applicationmanifestispresent.
requestedpermissions(n)~Optionallyspecifiedpermissionsinanassemblythat
representtheminimumrequired,optionallydesired,andalwaysrefusedpermissionsfor
allcodeintheassembly.Ifthereisnorequest,thecodeisgrantedthemaximumthat
securitypolicyallows.
requestedreceiptdate(n)~Thedateacustomerorvendorrequeststhatgoodsbe
received.
requestedshipdate(n)~Thedatethatthesellingpartyshouldshipitemstomeetthe
customer’sorvendor’srequestedreceiptdate.
requester(n)~Thepersonwhorequeststheeconomicresources.
requestor(n)~TheidentityoftheuserorservicethathassubmittedarequesttoILM2’.’
requestorscope(n)~Aconfiguredcollectionofuserswhocansubmitarequest.Itcanbe
everyone’
request-responseadapter(n)~Areceiveadapterthatreceivesarequestmessagefromthe
client,submitsittotheserver,waitsforaresponse,andthensendstheresponsebackto
theclient.
requests(PN)~Gameshubscreenthatshowsnudges(reminders)tomakethenextmove
and-€œyourturn-€?notificationsinturn-basedgames,andinvitationstoplay.
requiredcomponent(n)~Acomponentthatisrequiredforthecurrentcomponentto
properlywork.Forexample,aworkflowrequiresanentitytorun.
requiredelement(n)~Anelementthatisrequiredtobepresentinordertosatisfya
schema.
requiredfield(n)~Afieldthatmustcontainavalueifarecordisupdatedorinsertedinto
thedatabase.
requiredparameter(n)~Aparameterthatmustbespecifiedwhentheprogramis
executed.
requirementsanalysis(n)~Thedeterminationofthefunctionalandperformance
characteristicsofasolutionbasedonanalysesofcustomerneeds,expectations,and
constraints.
requisition(n)~Arequestforaspecifiedamountofanitemtobepulledfrominventory.
requisition(n)~Apaperorelectronicrequestforgoodsorservices.
re-registration(n)~Aproceduretoupdatetheregistrationforanauthenticationchallenge
inILM2’.’
Resample(v)~Changingthepixeldimensions(andthereforethephysicalfilesize)ofa
pictureoragraphic.Graphicscanberesampleddown(thenumberofpixelsdecreased)or
resampledup(thenumberofpixelsincreased).
rescan(v)~Tosearchfornewtapelibrariesandstand-alonetapedrivesattachedtothe
DPMserver,andforstoragenodesmanagedbytheDPMserver.
reseal(v)~Topreparetheoperatingsystemfordeliverytothecustomerbyclearingthe
eventlog,resettingthetimeclockforWindowsProductActivation,andconfiguringthe
first-runexperiencetorunthenexttimeWindowsstarts.
reservation(n)~AspecificIPaddresswithinascopepermanentlyreservedforleaseduse
toaspecificDHCPclient.ClientreservationsaremadeintheDHCPdatabaseusing
DHCPManagerandbasedonauniqueclientdeviceidentifierforeachreservedentry.
reservation(n)~Thedesignationofaquantityofinventoryonapurchaseorderfora
specificsalesorderorproductionschedule.
reservecapacity(n)~Capacitythatiskeptinreservesothatitcanbeusedwhentheneed
arises.
reservetime(n)~Alimitedamountofusagetimeprovidedafterallpurchasedtimehas
expiredorbeenexpended.Iftheuserdoesnotaddordownloadmoreusagetimewithin
thisremainingamountoftime,theywillloseaccesstothecomputer.
reservedcharacter(n)~Akeyboardcharacterthathasaspecialmeaningtoaprogram
and,asaresult,normallycannotbeusedinassigningnamestofiles,documents,andother
user-generatedtools,suchasmacros.Characterscommonlyreservedforspecialuses
includetheasterisk(*),forwardslash(/),backslash(\),questionmark(?),andverticalbar
(|).
reserveddomain(n)~AdomainthatcannotbeassociatedwithaWindowsLiveID.
ReservedIP(PN)~TheservicetypethatletscustomersreserveIPaddresses.
reservedunit(n)~Aresourceunitthatprovidesadedicatedsetofresourcesforparticular
tasks.
reservedword(n)~Awordthathasspecialmeaningtoaprogramorinaprogramming
languageandcanbeusedonlyincertainpredefinedcircumstances;itcannotbeusedin
namingdocuments,files,labels,variables,oruser-generatedtoolssuchasmacros.
Reset(PN)~AnoptioninCallTimersthatallowstheusertocleartheaccumulatedtime
displayedbytheRecentCallstimer.
reset(v)~ToarchivethetransactionhistoryofacomputerrunningFlexGotechnologyin
theProvisioningServerdatabase,andthenregisterthecomputer,startinganew
transactionhistory.
reset(v)~Tosetanentity,suchasafeature,configuration,orobject,backtoitsdefaults.
reset(v)~Anactionthatrestoresthedefaultfactorysettingsofadevice.
Resetprotection(PN)~Afeaturetopreventadevicefrombeingresetorreimaged
withoutpermissionbyrequiringtheownerstoentertheMicrosoftaccountinformation
beforetheprocesscanbestarted.
ResetStatus(oth)~Anitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthatresetstheuser’sstatusto
theprevioussettingaftertheuserhasmanuallyselectedastatussetting.
resetWindows(v)~ToresettheWindowsoperatingsystemsothatalluser
customizationsareremoved.
resetyourPC(v)~Toresetasystemsothatallusercustomizationsareremoved.
residentialgateway(n)~Adevicelocatedinaresidencethatconnectsthehomenetwork
toalocalareanetwork.ThegatewayprovidesfeaturessuchasInternetConnection
Sharingandfirewallfunctionality.
residentialserver(n)~TheExchangeserverthatcontainsauser’smailbox.
resiliency(n)~Theabilityofhardware,softwareordatatorecoverfromafailure.
resiliencysetting(n)~Asettingindicatingtheresiliencyofdataonavirtualdiskor
storagespace.
resiliencytype(n)~Asettingthatallowstheusertoselectthespecificresiliencyofdata
acrossmultipledisksinavirtualdiskorstoragespace.
ResilientFileSystem(PN)~Afilesystem,introducedwithWindowsServer8,that
providesresiliencytobothsoftwareandhardwareerrors.ReFSallowscustomersto
maximizeserveruptimeandprioritizevolumeavailabilitywithouttheuseofexpensive
storagehardware.
resistance(n)~Theabilitytoimpede(resist)theflowofelectriccurrent.Withthe
exceptionofsuperconductors,allsubstanceshaveagreaterorlesserdegreeofresistance.
Substanceswithverylowresistance,suchasmetals,conductelectricitywellandare
calledconductors.Substanceswithveryhighresistance,suchasglassandrubber,conduct
electricitypoorlyandarecallednonconductorsorinsulators.
resistor(n)~Acircuitcomponentdesignedtoprovideaspecificamountofresistanceto
currentflow.
resize(v)~Tochangethesizeofanelementonthescreen.
Resizeformobiledevice(v)~Anoptionthatallowsausertoresizeanimagetofitona
mobiledevice,suchasacellphoneorPDA.
resizehandle(n)~Ahandlethatenablesresizingofarow,column,windoworother
object.
resizing(n)~Theprocessofincreasingordecreasingthedimensionsofanobjector
space.
resolution(n)~Ameasureofthefinenessofdetailinanimageortext,usuallyas
producedbyamonitororprinter.
resolution(n)~TheprocessoftranslationbetweenadomainnameaddressandanIP
address.
Resolution~Looselyspeaking,thequalityofanimage.Whenprintingorworkingwith
images,theresolutionisusuallymeasuredinDotsPerInch(dpi)-themoredotsperinch,
thehigherthequalityoftheimagebutthelargerthefileneededtostoreit.InWindows,
thescreenresolutionishowmany-pixels-fitonthedesktop,themostpopularbeing800x
600and1024x768-theformermakesimages,iconsetclookbigger,butthelattermeans
youcanfitmoreofthemonthescreen.
resolutionhistory(n)~Afeaturethatautomaticallytrackschangestoalertfields.
resolutionscope(n)~Intheenclosingcontextwherevaluesandexpressionsare
associated,theprecedenceinwhichoperatorsareevaluated,tasksareperformedorrules
areapplied.
resolutionstate(n)~Thestateofanalertinrelationtoitsstatusintheresolutioncycle.
ThedefaultresolutionstatesincludeNew,Acknowledged,andResolved.
resolutionstrategy(n)~Asetofcriteriathattherepositoryengineevaluatessequentially
whenselectinganobject,wheremultipleversionsexistandversioninformationis
unspecifiedinthecallingprogram.
resolve(v)~Tomatchonepieceofinformationtoanotherinadatabaseorlookuptable.
resolve(v)~Tofindasettinginwhichnohardwareconflictsoccur.
resolve(v)~Toconvertalogicaladdresstoaphysicaladdressorviceversa.
resolve(v)~ToconvertanInternetdomainnametoitscorrespondingIPaddress.
resolve(v)~Torecordtheoutcomeofacaseandremoveitfromthequeueofactivecases.
resolved(v)~Toquarantine,remove,orcleananoccuranceofmalwaresothatitno
longerposesathreat.
resolver(n)~DNSclientprogramsusedtolookupDNSnameinformation.Resolverscan
beeitherasmallstub(alimitedsetofprogrammingroutinesthatprovidebasicquery
functionality)orlargerprogramsthatprovideadditionallookupDNSclientfunctions,
suchascaching.
resource(n)~ForDeviceManager,anyoffoursystemcomponentsthatcontrolhowthe
devicesonacomputerwork.Thesefoursystemresourcesareinterruptrequest(IRQ)
lines,directmemoryaccess(DMA)channels,input/output(I/O)ports,andmemory
addresses.
resource(n)~Forfailoverclustersorserverclusters,aphysicalorlogicalentitythatis
capableofbeingmanagedbyacluster,broughtonlineandtakenoffline,andmoved
betweennodes.Aresourcecanbeownedonlybyasinglenodeatanypointintime.
resource(n)~Generally,anypartofacomputersystemornetwork,suchasadiskdrive,
printer,ormemory,thatcanbeallottedtoarunningprogramoraprocess.
resource(n)~Anyiteminareportserverdatabasethatisnotareport,folder,orshared
datasourceitem.
resource(n)~Aroom,computer,oranyequipmentneededatameeting.
resource(n)~Auserthatperformsaservice,ortheequipmentorfacilitythatisrequired
foraservice.
resource(n)~Adocument,slideset,orotherprintableoutputthatcanbeimportedbythe
meetingclient.
resource(n)~Areusablenamediteminyourprojectordocumentthatcanrepresenta
color(brush),object,control,style,template,usercontrolorvaluethatyoucanapplyor
re-use’throughoutyourprojecttocreateconsistencyincolor(theme)ortocreatemultiple
instancesofasinglecontrollikeabuttonwhereyouwanttomaintainaunifiedlookfor
eachbutton.’
resource(n)~Anoptionalpayloadthatcanbeassociatedwithanaction.Bydefault,
HumanWorkflowServicestrackresourcesthatflowthroughanactivityflow.Itis
importanttonotethatHumanWorkflowServicesdoesnotmanagetheresource,itonly
tracksareferencetotheresource.
resource(n)~Anynonexecutabledatathatislogicallydeployedwithanapplication.A
resourcemightbedisplayedinanapplicationaserrormessagesoraspartoftheuser
interface.Resourcescancontaindatainanumberofforms,includingstrings,images,and
persistedobjects.
resource(n)~Aspecialvariablethatholdsareferencetoadatabaseconnectionor
statement.
resource(n)~Astockofmoney,product,orpeopleservicesusedintheperformanceofan
activity.
resourceaccount(n)~Asinglesecurityprincipal-€”usuallyauseraccount-€”thatis
createdinActive-DirectoryDomainServices(ADDS)andusedtomaptoasingle
federateduser.
resourceallocation(n)~Theprocessofdistributingacomputersystem’sfacilitiesto
differentcomponentsofajobinordertoperformthejob.
resourceallocation(n)~Theassignmentofresourcestotasksinaproject.
ResourceBookingAttendant(n)~Acalendaringfeaturethatautomaticallymanages
resources.Resourcerequestsareautomaticallyacceptedordenieddependingon
availabilityandpolicies.
ResourceBreakdownStructure(n)~Thestructurethatdescribesanorganization’s
hierarchy.TheRBScodedefinesthehierarchicalpositionthataresourceholdsinthe
organization.
resourcebudget(n)~Theamountofsystemresourcesthatareallowedtobeusedbya
blockofcode.Usagethatexceedsthisamountresultsinanerror.
resourcecalendar(n)~Acalendarthatspecifiesworkingandnonworkingtimeforan
individualresource.Aresourcecalendardiffersfromabasecalendar,whichspecifies
workingandnonworkingtimeformorethanoneresource.
ResourceCenter(PN)~Afeaturethatcontainsarticlestoassistusersinsettinguptheir
Websites,SharedSites,andusingOfficeLive’sBusinessApplicationsproducts.
resourcecurrentset(n)~Thecollectionoftargetresourcesatthetimetherequestis
received.Appliesto‘read’,‘delete’and‘modify’operationtypes.
resourcedata(n)~Thedatastructures,templates,definitionprocedures,management
routines,iconmaps,andsoforthassociatedwithaparticularresource,suchasamenu,
window,ordialogbox.
resourcedata(n)~Atypeofdatathatischaracterizedbyshared,concurrentlyreadand
writtenintooperations,andaccessedbymanytransactions.Examplesofresourcedata
includeuseraccountsandauctionitems.
ResourceDescriptionFramework(n)~AspecificationdevelopedbytheWorldWide
WebConsortium(W3C)todefineaflexibleinfrastructurefororganizingandmanaging
metadata(dataaboutdata)acrosstheWebandtheInternet.TheResourceDescription
FrameworkisintendedtoprovideaframeworkbasedonXML(eXtensibleMarkup
Language)thatcanstandardizethewayapplicationsexchangemetadata(ormetacontent).
Possibleusesincludesearchengines,contentratingsystems,andotherareasinwhich
exchangeofinformationaboutdataisvaluable.
resourcedictionary(n)~AcollectionofresourcesintoasingleXAMLdocument.
resourceDLL(n)~Adynamic-linklibrary(DLL)thatcontainsinstructionsformanaging
oneormoretypesofclusterresourcesinafailoverclusterorservercluster.
resourcedomain(n)~AWindowsNT4.0domainthatisusedforhostingfile,print,and
otherapplicationservices.
ResourceEngagements(PN)~Thenegotiationbetweentheprojectmanagersandtheir
teamleaderstocommitresourcestocertainwork.
resourceexhaustiondetector(n)~AtoolinWindowsthatdetectswhenresourcesare
low.
resourceexhaustionresolver(n)~AtoolinWindowsthatresolvesproblemswithlow
resources.
ResourceExplorer(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagerAdministratorconsolefeature
thatdisplaysthehardwareandsoftwareinventorythathasbeencollectedfromclients.
resourcefederationserver(n)~Thefederationserverintheresourcepartner
organization.Theresourcefederationservertypicallyissuessecuritytokenstousersbased
onasecuritytokenthatisissuedbyanaccountfederationserver.Theserverreceivesthe
securitytoken,verifiesthesignature,transformstheorganizationalclaimsbasedonits
trustpolicy,generatesanewsecuritytokenbasedoninformationintheincomingsecurity
token,andsignsthenewtokentoreturntotheuserandultimatelytotheWebapplication.
resourcefederationserverproxy(n)~Thefederationserverproxythatislocatedinthe
perimeternetworkoftheresourcepartnerorganization.Theresourcefederationserver
proxyperformsaccountpartnerdiscoveryforInternetclients,anditredirectsincoming
securitytokenstotheresourcefederationserver.
resourcefile(n)~Afilethatconsistsofresourcedataandtheresourcemapthatindexesit.
resourcefinalset(n)~Thecollectionoftargetresourcesaftertherequesthasbeen
processed.Appliesto‘create’and‘modify’operationtypesonly.
resourcegovernor(n)~AfeatureinSQLServer2008thatenablestheusertomanage
SQLServerworkloadandresourcesbyspecifyinglimitsonresourceconsumptionby
incomingrequests.
resourcegroup(n)~InADFS,asinglesecuritygroup,whichiscreatedin
Active-Directory,thatincominggroupclaims(AD-FSgroupclaimsfromtheaccount
partner)aremappedto.
resourcegroup(n)~Twoormoreresources(users,facilities,orequipment)thatcanbe
scheduledinterchangeably.
ResourceHostingSubsystem(PN)~Aclustersoftwarecomponentthatprovidesa
communication,monitoring,andprocessinglayerbetweentheClusterserviceandoneor
moreclusteredresources.
resourceID(n)~Anumberthatidentifiesaparticularresourcewithinagivenresource
type.
resourceinformation(n)~ThecategoriesofinformationshownintheResourceSheet
viewthatspecifydetailsaboutaresource,suchasname,type,group,maximumunits,and
standardrate.
resourceleak(n)~AtypeofsoftwarebugthatcanoccurinWindows-basedapplications
developedinVisualC++iftheapplicationisnotprogrammedtoreleaseasystemresource
inthesourcecode.
resourceleveling(n)~Theprocessofadjustingover-orunderallocationofaresource
withinaproject.
resourcelink(n)~Atextlinkintheresultspanethattakesusertoinformationalmaterial
suchasHelp,Webcontent,etc.
resourcelist(n)~Theresourcesthatareavailableforassignmentstotasks.Theresource
listmaybestoredinasingleprojectfileorsharedwitharesourcepool.
resourcemailbox(n)~Amailboxthatrepresentsconferenceroomsandcompany
equipment.Resourcemailboxescanbeincludedasresourcesinmeetingrequests,
providingasimpleandefficientwaytoutilizeresourcesforanorganization.Theuser
accountthatisassociatedwitharesourcemailboxisdisabled.
ResourceManagementSystem(n)~Atechnologythatenablesdeveloperstolocalize
theirappsbasedoneachuser’spreferredlanguageandcurrentresolution.
ResourceManager(PN)~Asystemservicethatmanagesdurabledata.Aserver
applicationusesaresourcemanagertomaintainthedurablestateoftheapplication,such
astherecordofinventoryonhand,pendingorders,andaccountsreceivable.Theresource
managerworksincooperationwiththetransactionmanagertoprovidetheapplication
withaguaranteeofatomicityandisolation,usingthetwo-phasecommitprotocol.
resourcemap(n)~Avisualizationofalltheresourceswithinaresourcegrouporlinked
toit.
resourcemaximization(n)~Oneoftwoplacementgoalsduringvirtualmachine
placement.Whenresourcemaximizationisthegoal,thesuitabilityofeachvirtual
machinehostisratedbasedonthepurposeofconsolidatingmultiplelow-utilization
workloadsonasinglehost.Virtualmachineplacementinthesecasesinvolvesdetermining
thecapacitylimitsforaparticularhostandplacingvirtualmachinesonthathostuntilthe
limitsarereached.
ResourceMonitor(PN)~AcomponentofWindowsReliabilityandPerformanceMonitor
thatdisplaysreal-timeCPU,memory,disk,andnetworkperformanceinformation
collectedfromtheWindowsKernelTraceproviderandperformancecounters.
resourcepackage(n)~Apackagethatallowsyoutoseparatethecoreapppackagefrom
additionalresources(forexample,French-specificassetslikestringsorimages)and
containthoseresourcesintheirownpackage.Theresourcepackagethusservestotailor
theapp’soverallexperiencewithoutrequiringdownloadandinstallationofallresource
packagestothePC.
resourcepartner(n)~AfederationpartnerthattruststheFederationServicetoissue
claims-basedsecuritytokensforWeb-basedapplications(thatis,applicationsinthe
resourcepartnerorganization)thatusersintheaccountpartnercanaccess.
ResourcePlans(n)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstoallocateresourcesordocument
resourcerequirements,intheabsenceofadetailedprojectplancontainingresource
assignments.
resourcepool(n)~Asetofresourcesthatisavailableforassignmenttoprojecttasks.A
resourcepoolcanbeusedexclusivelybyoneprojectorcanbesharedbyseveralprojects.
resourcerecord(n)~AstandardDNSdatabasestructurecontaininginformationusedto
processDNSqueries.Forexample,anaddress(A)resourcerecordcontainsanIPaddress
correspondingtoahostname.MostofthebasicresourcerecordtypesaredefinedinRFC
1035,butadditionalRRtypeshavebeendefinedinotherRFCsandapprovedforusewith
DNS.
resourcerecordset(n)~Acollectionofmorethanoneresourcerecordreturnedina
queryresponsebyaDNSserver.Resourcerecordsets(RRsets)areusedinresponses
wheremorethanonerecordispartoftheanswer.
resourcereport(n)~Printedinformationaboutaproject’sresources,whichusually
includesinformationaboutcostsandtheallocationofresources.
ResourceReservationProtocol(n)~Asignalingprotocolthatallowsthesenderand
receiverinacommunicationtosetupareservedhighwayfordatatransmissionwitha
specifiedqualityofservice.
resourcesharing(n)~Theactofmakingfiles,printers,andothernetworkresources
availableforusebyothers.
resourcetype(n)~Aclassofresources,suchasprintspooler,physicaldisk,orfileshare.
resourceusage(n)~Anaccountofhowmanyhoursaresourceisscheduledtowork
withinagiventimeperiod,andthusanindicatorofresourcesallocationwithinthattime
period.
resourceutilization(n)~StatisticsfromApplicationDiagnosticsforuserstoseehow
theircomputersperform,forexample,howmanyusersareloggedontoanapplicationata
giventime,howmanyerrorstheyareencountering,andhowquicklytheapplicationis
performingforthem.
resourceview(n)~Aviewthatdisplaysresourceinformation.Resourceviewsincludethe
ResourceSheet,theResourceGraph,theResourceUsage,andtheresourceformsviews.
ResourceView(n)~AwindowintheVisualStudioResourceEditorthatdisplaysthe
resourcefilesincludedinyourprojects.
resource-intensivetask(n)~Aprocess,thread,orsetofrelatedprocessesorthreadsthat
requiressignificantsystemresourcesortime,orrequiresexclusiveaccesstolarge
amountsofdata.
Resources(n)~ThenameofthecontrolpanelforOffice(includingtheToolsOptions
dialog).
Resources&Trainingpage(n)~Thepagethatcontainsclassesandeducationresources
forExchangeHostedServices.
Resourcestoolbar(n)~Atoolbarthatcontainstoolsthatmeetingparticipantscanuseto
manageresourcesduringameeting.
respiratoryrate(n)~Thenumberofbreathsperminute.
respond(v)~Toreplytoanemail,textmessage,orCalendarrequestbytappingthe-
€œrespond-€?button.
respond(v)~Totakeactiononanemailmessagebyeitherreplyingtothesender,tothe
senderandallrecipients,orbyforwardingtheemailtosomeoneelse.
respondent(n)~Apartythatprovidesaresponse.
responder(n)~Adevicethatreactsorrespondstorequestsorevents.
Responder(PN)~AuserroleintheengagementfunctionalityinMicrosoftSocial
Listening.ApersonwiththeResponderrolecanadd,edit,andsharesocialaccountsthey
own,editpostmetadata(sentiment,assignments),andpublishpostsviatheirsocial
accounts.
response(n)~InWindowsremoteaccess,stringsexpectedfromthedevice,whichcan
containmacros.
ResponseEmailTemplate(PN)~AlookupfieldfortheConvertRuleentitythatcontains
thechoicesofwhichemailtemplatewillbeusedforanautomaticresponsetothe
customer.
responsefile(n)~TextfilesthatcontainMSBuild.execommandlineswitches.
ResponseGroup(PN)~Anapplicationthatletsyourouteandqueueincomingcallsto
designatedpersonsforaspecialpurpose,suchascustomerservice.Thequeueholds
callersuntilanagentanswersthecall.
ResponseGroupConfigurationTool(PN)~Aweb-basedResponseGroupServicetool
whereanadministratorsetsupaworkflowincludingmusiconhold,welcomemessage,
andsoon.
ResponseGroupService(PN)~AUnifiedCommunicationsApplicationsServer(UCAS)
applicationthatisusedtocreateandconfigureResponseGroupServicegroups.
ResponseGrouptab(n)~Acustomtab,onanagent’sOfficeCommunicatorclient,that
isusedbytheagenttosignintohisorherResponseGroupServicegroup.Theagentmust
besignedintothegroupinordertoanswercallsroutedtothegroup.
responseheader(n)~AninformationallistingatthetopofanHTTPresponse.
ResponseManagementthroughPartner(PN)~Aweb-basedtoolthatallowsCertified
andGoldCertifiedPartnerstogetsupportdirectlyfromMicrosofttechnicalexperts.
responsequeue(n)~ForMessageQueuing,aqueuethatiscreatedbythesending
applicationandusedbythereceivingapplicationtoreplytomessages.Forexample,an
applicationmightsendaresponsemessagetoaresponsequeueeverytimetheapplication
receivesamessage.
responsetime(n)~Theamountoftimerequiredtodoworkfromstarttofinish.Ina
client/serverenvironment,thisistypicallymeasuredontheclientside.
ResponseWebService(n)~AWebservicecreatedbyasolutionprovidertoreceive
ProvisioningServerresponses.
responsibility(n)~Anobligationofapartytoperformanassignedjobandtobeheld
accountablefortheoutcomeoftheresults.
responsibilityaccountcodesegment(n)~Asegmentofageneralledgeraccountcode
thatcorrespondstoacategorywithintheoverallstructureoftheorganization,suchas
location,division,department,area,task,project,orproduct.
responsibilitymatrix(n)~Adocumentthatexplicitlycallsouttheindividualteam
memberswhoaretaskedwithexecuting,reviewing,andapprovingworkpackageswithin
aproject.
responsibilitysegment(n)~Asegmentofageneralledgeraccountcodethatcorresponds
toacategorywithintheoverallstructureoftheorganization,suchaslocation,division,
department,area,task,project,orproduct.
REST(n)~Anarchitecturalstylethatcanbeusedtobuildsoftwareinwhichclientsmake
requestsofservices.AresourceisaddressedviaauniqueURI,andaresourcerequestis
accomplishedusingtheHTTPstandardverbs,GET,POST,PUT,andDELETE.Allthe
informationnecessarytoprocessaresourcerequestiscontainedinsidetherequestitself.
restart(v)~Toturnacomputeroffandbackonagain,eithermanually,orbyclicking
Restart.
restart(v)~Toreboot(reset)acomputerorservicethatiscurrentlyrunning.
Restartthisvideofeed(oth)~Theinfotipthatappearswhentheuserpauseswiththe
mouseoverthePausebuttoninaVideoconversation.Theinfotipforthisbuttontoggles
between‘Pause’and‘Restartthisvideofeed.’
restingheartrate(n)~Aperson’sheartratewhentheyareatrest.
restorationofservice(n)~Theprocessofbringingservicebackonlineafterdata
corruption,hardwareorsoftwarefailure,ordisasterbyeitherrecoveringdataandsettings
orrebuildingacomponentinordertomakeitsfunctionalityavailabletousers.
restore(n)~Amulti-phaseprocessthatcopiesallthedataandlogpagesfromaspecified
backuptoaspecifieddatabase(thedata-copyphase)androllsforwardallthetransactions
thatareloggedinthebackup(theredophase).Atthispoint,bydefault,arestorerolls
backanyincompletetransactions(theundophase),whichcompletestherecoveryofthe
databaseandmakesitavailabletousers.
restore(v)~Tocopyfilesfromabackupstoragedevicetotheirnormallocation,
especiallyifthefilesarebeingcopiedtoreplacefilesthatwereaccidentallylostor
deleted.
restore(v)~Toremovearecordoritemfromthedeletedfolderandrelinkittotherecord
itwaslinkedtobeforeitwasdeleted.
restore(n)~InDPM,theprocessbywhichanadministratorretrievesaprotectedfileor
rebuildsaDPMserverbyusingdatathathasbeenarchivedtotape.Restoringdata
requiresuseoftapebackupsoftware.
RestoreDatabase(v)~AbuttononaBCMwizardthatenablestheusertorevertthe
databasetoapreviousstate.
restorepoint(n)~Arepresentationofastoredstateofyourcomputer’ssystemfiles.
restoresequence(n)~Asequenceofoneormorerestorecommandsthat,typically,
initializesthecontentsofthedatabase,files,and/orpagesbeingrestored(thedata-copy
phase),rollsforwardloggedtransactions(theredophase),androllsbackuncommitted
transactions(theundophase).
Restorethisversion(PN)~ThebuttonintheHistorypaneusedtorestorethecurrent
documenttoanearlierversion
restrict(v)~Toblockaccesstoaprogramoroperatingsystemfunctionality.
restrictedaccesstoken(n)~Anaccesstokenwithrestrictedaccesstosecurableobjectsor
performingprivilegedtasks.
restrictedaccount(n)~Anaccountthathasrestrictedfunctionality.InWindowsLive,
theseaccountsaredesignedforchildrenundertheageof13andprovidealimitedsetof
features.Forexample,restrictedaccountsdon’thavepermissiontosynchronizelibraries
acrosscomputers.
RestrictedDeviceAccessModel(PN)~Thedeviceaccessmodelforverticalsolutions.
RestrictedDeviceAccessdoesnotallowotherapplicationstoaccessaspecializeddevice.
restrictedinterface(n)~Adeviceinterfacethatcanonlybeaccessedfromaspecificset
ofprivilegedappswhicharedeclaredintheDeviceMetadataforthedevice.That
interfacemaybeprovidednativelybyWindows8orbycustomdriveraccess.-The
interfaceismarkedasrestrictedviaapropertyontheinstance.
restrictedproduct(n)~Aproductwhosedistributionislimitedorconstrainedbya
governmentauthority.
restrictedtoken(n)~Anaccesstokenwithrestrictedaccesstosecurableobjectsor
performingprivilegedtasks.
restricteduser(n)~Auserwhohaslimitedaccesstocertainfeaturesorlimitedabilityto
performcertainactionsinanapplicationorsystem.
restriction(n)~Asettingthatblocksaccesstoprogramoroperatingsystemfunctionality
byWindowsSteadyState.
restrictionlevel(n)~Apre-definedsetofprogramrestrictionsthatisautomatically
applied.
resultset(n)~Thesetofrecordsthatresultsfromrunningaqueryorapplyingafilter.
resultsource(n)~Asourcethatreturnsasetofsearchresultsforagivensearchquery.
Thesourcecanbeasearchserviceinthelocalserverfarmoranotherserverfarm,or
anothersearchenginethatiscompliantwiththeOpenSearchprotocol.
results(n)~Thesetofrecordsthatresultsfromrunningaqueryorapplyingafilter.
resultsfile(n)~InWindowsAssessmentServicesandWindowsAssessmentConsole,the
XMLfilethatisproducedafterajobcompletes,thatisstandardizedandpresentedinthe
WindowsAssessmentConsoletoidentifyissuesonthesystem.Theresultscontain
individualassessmentoutput,informationaboutthecomputerthattheassessmentwasrun
on,thejobmanifestinformation,acopyoftheassessmentmanifestsfromeachassessment
includedinthejob,andeventtracelog(ETL)files.
resultslibrary(n)~AlocationonthelocalcomputerwhereWindowsAssessment
Consolejobresultsarestored.
resultslist(n)~ThetableorgridintheUIthatdisplaysthelistofresultsfromawork
itemquery.
resultspane(n)~Apanethatdisplaysdetailsaboutanitemselectedinanotherportionof
theuserinterface.Forexample,inMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC),thedetails
paneistherightpanethatdisplaysdetailsfortheselecteditemintheconsoletree.
resultsstore(n)~AlocationonaWindowsAssessmentServicescomputerwherejob
resultsfilesarestored.FortheWindowsAssessmentConsole,seeresultslibrary.
Resultsview(n)~TheVisualStudiodocumentwindowthatcontainsboththeresultslist
andtheworkitemform.Resultsviewhelpsyouquicklydefineandrunyourownqueries.
resumablefunction(n)~Afunctionspecializationforconcurrencytocreate
asynchronouscode.
resume(n)~Asummaryofone’sacademicandworkhistory,usuallysubmittedwithajob
application.
Resume(PN)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertoresumetherecordingofapausedvideo
clip.
resume(v)~Tocontinueaprocessorservicethathasbeenpaused.
resume(v)~Torestarttheprocessingofaworkflowinstance.Resumingaworkflowputs
itintoarunningstate.
resumekey(n)~AkeysuppliedbytheSMBclientthatallowsthesystemtoreferencethe
handleduringaresumeoperationafterafailover.
ResumeReading(PN)~Afeaturethatshowsuserstheirpositioninadocumentthelast
timetheywerereading,andletsthemreturnthereinasingleaction.
resynchronization(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagerinventoryprocessthatis
triggeredautomaticallywheneveraninventoryfiletriestoupdatedatathatdoesnotexist
intheSMS/ConfigurationManagersitedatabase.Thiscanhappenwhentheinventory
dataiscorrupted.
RetailHeadquarters(PN)~AcomponentofMicrosoftDynamics-®AXforRetail.
retailkey(n)~AtypeofproductkeyrequiredduringtheinstallationofWindows.
RetailPOS(PN)~AcomponentofMicrosoftDynamics-®AXforRetail.
RetailPOSPlug-ins(PN)~AcomponentofMicrosoftDynamics-®AXforRetail.
retailsite(n)~AWebsitethatprovidesretailshoppingdirectlytothepublic.
RetailStoreConnect(PN)~AcomponentofMicrosoftDynamics-®AXforRetail.
RetailTransactionService(PN)~AcomponentofMicrosoftDynamics-®AXforRetail.
retain(v)~WhenWindowsDiskProtectionisenabled,tokeep(noterase)thecachefile
ontheharddiskwhenauserlogsofforthecomputerisrestarted.
retainedearnings(n)~Theaccumulatedearningsofacompanyorentity(minus
distributedincome,suchasdividends)sinceitsstartdateorinception.
retainedprofit(n)~Theaccumulatedearningsofacompanyorentity(minusdistributed
income,suchasdividends)sinceitsstartdateorinception.
retake(PN)~AbuttonthatappearsaftertheusertakesanewProfilepicture.Tap-
€œretake-€?todeletethecurrentpictureandtakeanother,or-€œaccept-€?touploadit.
retarget(v)~Toassociateasnap-inwithadifferentcomputer.
RetargetWindowsStoreprojectstoWindows8.1(n)~Youmustretargetyourprojects
andupdateyourcode,ifyouwanttomigrateyourWindowsStoreapptoWindows-8.1.
retargetableassembly(n)~Anassemblythatbelongstomorethanoneimplementation
ofthe.NETFramework,oranassemblythathasbeenbuiltonmorethanone
implementationofthe.NETFrameworkwiththesamestrongnameandwithappropriate
attributes.Applicationsthatuseretargetableassembliescanrunonany.NETFramework
implementationwherethoseassemblieshavebeenbuilt.Forexample,applicationsthatare
builttousethe.NETCompactFrameworkcanrunonthedesktopimplementationofthe
.NETFramework.
retentionhold(n)~Afeaturewhichenablestheusertosuspendtheprocessingofa
retentionpolicyormanagedfoldermailboxpolicyforthatmailbox.Retentionholdis
designedforscenariossuchasauserbeingonvacationorawaytemporarily.
retentionpolicy(n)~Apolicythatspecifiesthelengthoftimeduringwhichdata,
documents,andotherrecordsmustbeavailableforrecovery.
RetentionPolicy(PN)~AfeaturethatallowstheapplicationoftagstoindividualOutlook
itemstospecifyretentionpolicyforthatmessage,conversationorotheritem.
retentionrange(n)~Thedurationoftimeforwhichthedatashouldbeavailablefor
recovery.
retentionschedule(n)~Aschedulethatspecifieshowlongeachrecordtypeinthefile
planmustberetained(itsretentionperiod)andtheprocessfordisposingofitwhenit
reachestheendofthisperiod(itsdispositionprocess).
retentionstage(n)~Astageinaretentionpolicy,consistingofanevent-actionpair.
Retinadisplay~screentechnologyintroducedbyAppleintheiPhone4.Itfeaturesa960
x640resolution,an800:1contrastratioandfourtimesthenumberofpixelsthanearlier
iPhonemodels.
retinalscanner(n)~Abiometricsensorthatanalysesyoureyeretinatorecognizeor
authenticateidentity.
retire(v)~Toremovemanagedhardware,software,oranITservice,fromaproduction
environmentbyusingacontrolledprocess.
retirementdate(n)~Thedatethatanassetissoldordiscarded.
RetirementPlanner(PN)~Afeaturetoolthatenablesausertocalculatesavingstohit
retirementplanninggoals.
retractevent(n)~Aninternaleventkindusedtomodifyanexistinginserteventby
modifyingtheendtimeoftheevent.
retrievablemanagedproperty(n)~Amanagedpropertythatcanbedisplayedinsearch
results.
retrieve(v)~Toobtainaspecificrequesteditemorsetofdatabylocatingitandreturning
ittoaprogramortotheuser.Computerscanretrieveinformationfromanysourceof
storage-disks,tapes,ormemory.
Retrieve(v)~AbuttononintheTransferCalldialogboxthatreconnectstheusertothe
callthatiscurrentlyonhold.
retrieve(v)~Toansweracallbydialingtheassociatednumberonthenetworkwhereit
hasbeenparked.
RetrieveCallFromHold(oth)~AbuttononintheTransferCalldialogboxthat
reconnectstheusertothecallthatiscurrentlyonhold.
Retro(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#76.
retrospective(n)~Ameetingthatoccursattheendofasprint(iterationofdevelopment)
inwhichtheteamevaluatesthewaytheyworkedwiththeintentofmakingimprovements
intheupcomingsprint.
retry(n)~Arepeatconnectionattemptforasoftmount.Thenumberofretriesisspecified
asacommand-lineargumentwithavaluefrom1to10,inclusive.Thedefaultis1.
retry(v)~Toperformanactionthatpreviouslyfailed.
retryinterval(n)~Thetime,insecondsaftertherefreshintervalexpires,usedby
secondarymastersofazonetodeterminehowoftentotryandretrycontactingitssource
forzonedatatoseeifitsreplicatedzonedataneedstoberefreshed.Thisintervalissetin
theforeachzone.
retry-after(n)~ASIP(SessionInitiationProtocol)headerplacedintheserverresponseto
aclient’srequest,sothattheclientcomesbackafterthespecifiedperiod.
returnaddress(n)~Thesender’saddress,towhichaletterorparcelcanbereturnedif
undeliverable.
returncode(n)~Inprogramming,acodethatisusedtoreporttheoutcomeofa
procedureortoinfluencesubsequenteventswhenaroutineorprocessterminates(returns)
andpassescontrolofthesystemtoanotherroutine.Returncodescan,forexample,
indicatewhetheranoperationwassuccessfulornotandcanthusbeusedtodetermine
whatistobedonenext.
returnmaterialsauthorizationnumber(n)~Areferencenumberthatisusedto
authorizeandtrackgoodsreturnedforrepairorrefund.Areturnmaterialsauthorizationis
issuedbyasalesentitythatauthorizesabuyingcompanytoreturngoods.
returnonequity(n)~Theratioofprofitabilitycalculatedbydividingnetincomeby
owners’equity.
Returnonequity(n)~Amountofnetincomereturnedasapercentageofshareholders
equity.ROImeasuresacorporation’sprofitabilitybyrevealinghowmuchprofita
companygenerateswiththemoneyshareholdershaveinvested.
returnvalue(n)~Asinglevaluethatistheresultoftheexecutionofastatement,method,
orfunction.
returneditem(n)~Goodsormerchandisethatacustomerreturnstotheplaceofpurchase
orthataborrowerreturnstoalender.
retweet(v)~TorepostatweetfromanotherTwitteruser,sharingthetweetwithone’sown
followers.
retweet(n)~AshortmessageonTwitterthatyouareresendingtoanotheraudience.
reusablebookmark(n)~Abookmarkthatcanbeconsumedfromarowsetforagiven
tableandusedonadifferentrowsetofthesametabletopositiononacorrespondingrow.
revaluation(n)~Anadjustmentofthevalueofsomething.
revenue(n)~Anincreaseinanorganization’sassetsoradecreaseinanorganization’s
liabilitiesduringareportingperiod.
revenuecycle(n)~Arecurringsetofsales,fulfillment,payment,andtransferactivities
controlledbyoneormorepartiesthatparticipateinexchangeandnonexchange
transactions.
revenuerecognition(n)~Theprocessoftransferringtherevenueandcostscurrently
recordedintheWIPbalancesheetaccountstoexpenseandrevenueaccountsintheProfit
andLoss.ThetimeandmannerinwhichthiscanbeperformedisdeterminedbyFinancial
Standards.
revenuerecognitionaccountingrule(n)~Arecognitionaccountingrulethatprescribes
therecognitionofrevenueinaccountsandonfinancialstatements.
reversechargeVAT(n)~Avalue-addedtax(VAT)onproductsthatisowedbythe
customerthatreceivestheproduct,notbythevendorthatdeliverstheproduct.
reverseengineering(n)~Amethodofanalyzingaproductinwhichthefinisheditemis
studiedtodetermineitsmakeuporcomponentparts-forexample,studyingacompleted
ROMchiptodetermineitsprogrammingorstudyinganewcomputersystemtolearn
aboutitsdesign.Forcomputersoftware,reverseengineeringtypicallyinvolves
decompilationofasubstantialportionoftheobjectcodeandstudyingtheresulting
decompiledcode.
reverselookup(n)~Aqueryforapointer(PTR)thatresolvesantoitscorresponding
fullyqualifieddomainname().
ReversePath(v)~Atooltochangethedirectionofapathfromfinishtostart.
reverseproxy(n)~Aproxyserverthatforwardsincomingrequeststooneormore
servers.-Toaclient,thereverseproxyappearsasthefinaldestinationregardlessof
whethertheclient’srequestsareforwardedtooneormoreservers.
reversereplication(n)~Theprocesswherereplicationisestablishedfromavirtual
machinethatwasformerlyaReplicavirtualmachine,butisnowaprimaryvirtual
machineastheresultofafailover.
REVERSESOLIDUS(n)~AcharacterusedtoseparatedirectorynamesinMS-DOSand
UNIXpathspecifications.Whenusedasaleadingcharacter,itmeansthatthepath
specificationbeginsfromthetopmostlevelforthatdiskdrive.
reversingentry(n)~Atransactionthatreverses(andeffectivelycancelsout)thedebitand
creditentriesofapreviousadjustment.
revert(v)~Toreturntothelastsavedversionofadocument.Choosingthiscommand
tellstheapplicationtoabandonallchangesmadeinadocumentsincethelasttimeitwas
saved.
review(v)~Toviewthecontentsofoneresourcewhileanotherresourceisbeing
presented.
review(n)~Acriticalevaluationofanitembythecustomers.
reviewactivity(n)~Astepinareviewprocessinwhichusersapproveordenychange
requests.
Reviewtab(n)~AtabontheOfficeribbonthatcontainslanguageandproofingtools,
changetrackingandmarkupoptions,andotherfeaturesrelatedtodocumentreview.
reviewer(n)~Inprocessscheduling,thepersonorroleresponsibleforreviewingnewly
entereddata.
reviewer(n)~Theuserwhocompletesanapprovalactivity.
Revisable-Form-TextDCA(n)~AstandardwithinDocumentContentArchitecture
(DCA)forstoringdocumentsinsuchawaythattheformattingcanbechangedbythe
receiver.ArelatedstandardisFinal-Form-TextDCA.
revisiongesture(n)~Agesture(penstroke)thatisusedtorevisetextwhenyou’rewriting
inTabletPCInputPanel.
revisionmark(n)~Amarkthatshowswhereadeletion,insertion,orothereditingchange
hasbeenmadeinadocument.
revisionnumber(n)~Thenumberoftimessomethinghasbeenrevised.
Revival(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#87.
revocation(n)~Aprocessbywhichentitiesarelistedashavinginvalidlicenses.
revocationdelay(n)~Theperiodoftimebetweenwhenthecredentialrevocationrequest
isplacedandwhenthecredentialsareactuallyrevoked.
revokedcertificate(n)~Acertificatethathasbeencancelledbyacertificateauthority
(CA)andisnolongervalid.
rewind(v)~Towindamagnetictapespoolorcassettetoitsbeginning.
rewind(v)~Toreverseplaybackofadigitalmediafileataspeedthatisfasterthan
normal.
rewrite(v)~Towriteagain,especiallyinsituationswhereinformationisnotpermanently
recorded,suchasRAMoravideodisplay.
Rewriteable~Aspecialtypeofreuseable-CD-or-DVD-whichyoucanwriteto,delete
thecontents,andwritetoagain,theoreticallyforever.(AconventionalCDorDVD’s
contentscan’tbechangedoncetheyhavebeenwritten).However,rewriteableCDsare
lessreliableandmoreexpensivethanwrite-onceCDs,andtherearepresentlyseveral
differentincompatibleformatsforrewriteableDVDs.
RFC(n)~Adocumentinwhichastandard,aprotocol,orotherinformationpertainingto
theoperationoftheInternetispublished.TheRFCisactuallyissued,underthecontrolof
theIAB,afterdiscussionandservesasthestandard.RFCscanbeobtainedfromsources
suchasInterNIC.
RFC(n)~ASAPprotocolthatenablesexternalsystemstocallSAPABAPfunction
modules.RFCsenableremotecallsbetweentwoSAPsystemsorbetweenaSAPsystem
andanon-SAPsystem.
RFID(n)~Atechnologythatusesradiofrequenciestoidentifyproducts.AnRFID-
capableproducthasanRFIDtagthatcantransmitinformation,suchasserialnumber,to
anRFreader,whichconvertstheinformationintodigitaldatathatcanbesenttoa
computer.
RFIDclientconsole(n)~Thecommand-lineutilitythatisusedtoconfigureBizTalk
RFID.
RFIDManager(PN)~TheBizTalkRFIDuserinterface(UI)thatisusedtoadminister
theBizTalkRFIDserver.RFIDManagerisasnap-inthatisbasedonMMC3.0.
RFIDprocess(n)~Ahigh-levelobjectthatisusedtoputtogethercustomsources.
RFIDsensor(n)~Atypeofsensor(suchasaproximitysensor)thatusesradiofrequency
identification(RFID)foranumerouspurposes,suchasidentificationofphysicalitems,
automaticlogon,locationofpeople,etc.
RFIDServiceaccount(n)~TheWindowsaccountwhoseidentityisusedtorunthe
BizTalkRFIDservice.
RFIDsolution(n)~AnRFIDapplicationthatisdesignedforaspecificbusinessactivity,
suchastrackinginventoryinawarehouse.
RFIDstore(n)~ThedatabasethatstoressettingsrelatedtoBizTalkRFID,suchasdevice
informationandprocesses.
RFIDWorkerProcessaccount(n)~TheWindowsaccountwhoseidentityisusedtorun
workerprocessesthatinturnexecuteeventhandlersandproviders.Thisisapplicablefor
WindowsServer2003only.
RFM(PN)~Amodewhichpreventsusersfromloggingontothecomputeruntil
Windowsisactivated.
RFQ(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsaninvitationtobidonsupplyingaquantity
ofproductforaspecifiedpriceandbyaspecifieddate.
RFQjournal(n)~AjournalthattracksthestatusofRFQs.
RFQline(n)~ThepartoftheRFQthatspecifiesthedetailedinformationaboutanitem.
RFQreplyline(n)~ThepartoftheRFQreplythatspecifiesthedetailedvendor
informationaboutanitem.
RGB(n)~Acolormodelthatdescribescolorinformationintermsofthered(R),green
(G),andblue(B)intensitiesthatmakeupthecolor.
RGB~(Red,Green,Blue)-Thethreecoloursusedbyacomputerscreen-alltheother
colourscanbemadeupbymixingred,blueandgreen.Afewprintersusethissystemas
well,thoughmostusethealternative-CMYK-systeminstead.
RGBcolormodel(n)~Acolormodelthatdescribescolorinformationintermsofthered
(R),green(G),andblue(B)intensitiesthatmakeupthecolor.
RGBtriplet(n)~Atripletthatidentifiesacolorfromitsred,greenandbluecomponents.
RGBvalue(n)~AvaluereturnedbytheRGBfunction;specifiesacolorasacombination
ofred,green,andbluevaluesasintegersfrom0(zero)through255.
RGBA(n)~Amodelthataugmentsthered,green,blue(RGB)methodofcombining
colorsinlight-basedmedia,withafourthcolorcomponent,alpha,whichisusedtocontrol
colorblending.InOpenGL,analphavalueof1.0correspondstocompleteopacityanda
valueof0.0correspondstocompletetransparency.
RHS(PN)~Aclustersoftwarecomponentthatprovidesacommunication,monitoring,
andprocessinglayerbetweentheClusterserviceandoneormoreclusteredresources.
Rhythmicsoul(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#118.
RIA(n)~Awebapplicationthatprovidesauserinterfacewhichismoresimilartoa
desktopapplicationthantypicalwebpages.Itisabletoprocessuseractionswithout
postingthewholewebpagetoawebserver.
RIAServiceslink(n)~Aproject-to-projectlinkreferencethatfacilitatesgenerating
presentationtiercodefrommiddletiercode.
RIB(PN)~InformationthatidentifiesbanksandbankaccountholdersinFrancethat
includesbankcodes,branchcodes,accountnumber,andnameoftheaccountholder.
Ribbon(PN)~ThepartoftheMicrosoftOfficeuserinterfaceabovethemainworkarea
thatpresentscommandsandoptionstotheuser.TheRibbonreplacedmenusandtoolbars
startinginthe2007MicrosoftOfficesystem.
ribbon(n)~Anareainawindowinwhichcommandsandothercontrolsaredisplayedin
functionallyrelatedgroups.Aribboncanbedividedintomultipleviews,knownastabs,
andeverytabcancontainmultiplegroupsofcontrols.Typically,aribbonappearsatthe
topofawindow.
ribbongroup(n)~Alabeledcollectionofcommandsandcontrolsthataregrouped
togetheronaribbontab.
ribbonlaunchbutton(n)~Thebuttonatthebottomrightcornerofaribbongroup.
Typically,aclickofthebuttonopensadialogboxorotherelementthatisrelatedtothe
group.
ribbonpanedefaultbutton(n)~Thebuttonthatappearswhenaribbonisreducedtoits
minimumsize.Aclickofthebuttondisplaystheribboncommandsonamenu.
ribbontab(n)~Whenaribbonisdividedintomultipleviews,anyoneoftheviews.
Everytabcontainsfunctionallyrelatedcommandsandothercontrolsthatareorganizedin
groups.Typically,ribbontabsarelabeled.
richblack(n)~Amoresaturatedblackcolorcreatedbyusing100%processblackand
somepercentageofoneormoreofcyan,magenta,oryellow.
richcapture(PN)~Afeatureinwhichthecameracapturesmultipleshotsatdifferent
settings,sothattheusercanshootfirstandeditandselecttheperfectshotlater.The
resultingphotoisproducedbymergingmultipleimagestoproducedifferentlighting,
exposuretime,oramountofdetails.
richclients~Two-tierfatclients.Therearetwotypesofrichclients:
richclients~Stand-alonerichclientsarethemoreflexibleofthetworichclienttypesin
thattheycansupportbothdisconnectedandconnectedoperations,allowingasingleclient
architecturetoexecuteinbothonlineandofflinemodes.
richclients~Browser-basedrichclientsdon-´tworkwellinadisconnectedmode,but
theydoenjoytheluxuryofhavingapredefinedoperatingenvironmentinstalledonjust
abouteveryPCtheymightneedtorunon.
richHTML(n)~HTMLthatincludesmarkupforformattingsuchasbackgrounds,
borders,textfonts,stylesandcolors.
richInternetapplication(n)~Awebapplicationthatprovidesauserinterfacewhichis
moresimilartoadesktopapplicationthantypicalwebpages.Itisabletoprocessuser
actionswithoutpostingthewholewebpagetoawebserver.
richsite(n)~AWebsitethathasalotofcontentandisvisuallyattractive.
RichSiteSummary(n)~AnXML-basedsyndicationtechnologythatenableswebsitesto
distributecontent,suchasnewsheadlinesandblogposts,effecientlytoreaders.
richtextfield(n)~Afieldthatcanshowformattingandgraphics,suchasanembedded
object,andnotjusttext.
richtextXMLmapping(n)~AtypeofXMLmappingthatlinksWordprocessingML
contentdirectlytothebackingdatainthecustomXMLpart.
rich-textbox(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatissimilartoastandardtextbox,
exceptthatitalsosupportsindividualcharacterandparagraphproperties.
rich-texteditor(n)~Atext-editingprogramthatletsuserscreateinstantmessagesorblog
poststhatcontainrichtextelements,suchastextformattingandembeddedimages.
RID(n)~Theportionofasecurityidentifier(SID)thatidentifiesauserorgroupin
relationtotheauthoritythatissuedtheSID.Theauthorityisusuallyeitherthelocal
computeroradomain.
RIDmaster(n)~AdomaincontrollerthatholdstheRIDoperationsmasterroleinActive
Directory.TheRIDmasterisassignedtoallocateuniquesequencesofrelativeIDstoeach
domaincontrollerinitsdomain.AsthedomaincontrollersusetheIDsallocated,they
contacttheRIDmasterandareallocatedadditionalsequencesasneeded.Atanytime,the
RIDmasterrolecanbeassignedtoonlyonedomaincontrollerineachdomain.
RIFF(n)~Abroad-basedspecificationdesignedtobeusedindefiningstandardformats
fordifferenttypesofmultimediafiles.Atagged-filespecification,RIFFreliesonheaders
thattagindividualdataelementsinafile,identifyingthembytypeandlength.Because
tagsidentifydataelements,theRIFFspecificationcanbeextendedtocovernewtypesof
elementswhilecontinuingtosupportolderapplications,whichcansimplyignorenew,
unrecognizedelementstheyencounterinafile.
right(n)~Anentitlementgrantedbycontractorlaw.
rightalign(v)~Toaligntextalongtherightmargin.
rightanglebracket(n)~The>character.
rightarrow(n)~Thekeyonthekeyboardthatislabeledwitharightarrow.
rightbrace(n)~The}character.
rightclick(v)~Topositionthemouseoveranobject,andthenpressandreleasethe
secondary(right)mousebutton.Right-clickingopensashortcutmenuthatcontainsuseful
commands,whichchangedependingonwhereyouclick.
RightDoubleQuotationMark(n)~The-€?character.
rightend(n)~TheshortsideofaSurfaceunitwheretheOn/Standbypowerbuttonis
locatedandthatprovidesaccesstotheI/OconnectionsoftheSurfaceunit.
rightmousebutton(n)~Thebuttononyourpointingdevicethatyouusetodisplay
shortcutmenusorotherprogram-specificfeatures.
rightouterjoin(n)~Anouterjoininwhichalltherecordsfromtherightsideofthe
RIGHTJOINoperationinthequery’sSQLstatementareaddedtothequery’sresults,
eveniftherearenomatchingvaluesinthejoinedfieldfromthetableontheleft.
RIGHTSINGLEQUOTATIONMARK(n)~The‘character(publishingcharacter).
right-aligned(adj)~Pertainingtotextthatisalignedalongtherightmargin.
right-click(v)~Topositionthemouseoveranobject,andthenpressandreleasethe
secondary(right)mousebutton.Right-clickingopensashortcutmenuthatcontainsuseful
commands,whichchangedependingonwhereyouclick.
rights(n)~Tasksthatauserispermittedtoperformonacomputersystemordomain.
rightsmanagement(n)~Atechnologythatprovidespersistentprotectiontodigitaldata
usingencryption,certificates,andauthentication.Authorizedrecipientsorusersmust
acquirealicenseinordertoconsumetheprotectedfiles,accordingtotherights,or
businessrules,setbythecontentowner.
RightsManagement(PN)~AcapabilityofMicrosoftAzureActiveDirectorythat
extendsanexistingon-premisesADtoMicrosoftAzure.
RightsManagementServicesSDK(n)~TheSDKwhich,aspartoftheMicrosoftRights
Managementservices,connectsavarietyofruntimeapplicationswiththeMicrosoftAzure
RMS.
rightstemplate(n)~ThesavedsettingsforfileusagerightsfortheRMServicesserverin
aspecifieddomain.TheadministratorsetstheseintheAdministrationConsole,andsaves
themforusebytheclientapplications.
rights-managed(Adverb)~Storedonaserverorclientcomputerthatisconfiguredto
controlaccesstocontentbyusinginformationrightsmanagement(IRM)technology.
right-to-left(adj)~Pertainingtokeyboardsettings,documentviews,userinterface
objects,languages,etc.forwhichtextisdisplayedinaright-to-leftdirection.
Right-to-LeftReadingOrder(oth)~Theitemontheright-clickmenuinaconversation
thatchangestheCommunicatoruserinterfacesoitsupportsaright-to-leftlanguage.
ring(v)~Tocreateasound,vibration,visualcue,oranyotherindicationthattheuserhas
anincomingcall.
ring(n)~Asound,vibration,visualclue,oranyotherindicationthatacalliscomingin.
Ring0(n)~Ahighlyprivilegedmodeofoperationwhereprogramcodehasdirectaccess
toallmemory,includingtheaddressspacesofalluser-modeprocessesandapplications,
andtohardware.
ringduration(n)~Acall-forwardingoptionthatallowstheusertosetthenumberof
secondsthatthephonewillringbeforeacallisredirected.
ringtone(n)~Thesoundmadebyamobiledeviceorotherphonetoindicateanincoming
callormessage,forexample,aseriesofbeepsoranaudiorecording.
Ringtype(PN)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertospecifythetypeofalertthedevicewill
produceinresponsetoanincomingcall.
ringback(n)~Afeaturethattransfersacallbacktothepersonwhoparkedit,aftera
specifiedamountoftime,soacallerdoesn’tremainonholdindefinitely.
ringer(n)~Themechanicalpartthatmakesthephoneringtoindicateanincomingcall.
ringervolume(n)~Theloudnessofaphone’sringer.
ringtone(n)~Thesoundmadebyamobiledeviceorotherphonetoindicateanincoming
callormessage,forexample,aseriesofbeepsoranaudiorecording.
RingtoneEditor(PN)~Aneditorthatenablesuserstocreateringtonesfromsoundfiles
ontheirPCorcreatecustomrecordings.Italsoenablesthemtopreviewandsavethem
directlytotheirphoneastheprimaryringtone,orassignthemtooneormorecontacts.
Ringtones&sounds(PN)~ThePersonalizationsubcategorycontainingappswithspecial
ringtonesandsoundsforyourPCandphone.
RIP(n)~Anindustrystandard,distancevectorroutingprotocolusedinsmall-tomedium-
sizedInternetProtocol(IP)andInternetworkPacketExchange(IPX)internetworks.
rip(v)~TocopydigitalmediacontentfromanaudioCD.Contentmaybeconvertedtoa
differentformatduringtherippingprocess.
Rip~Totransferdatatoaharddiskfromsomethingelse.
RIPL(n)~Theabilitytostartacomputerfromelsewhereonanetwork.
Ripper~Programwhichcopies(‘rips’)tracksfrommusicCDsontoacomputer,oftenas
an-MP3.Technicallythisisillegalinmanyjurisdictions,butinpracticeextremely
widespread,andisusuallytoleratedaslongastherippedtracksareforpersonaluseonly.
RIS(n)~Softwareservicesthatallowanadministratortosetupnewclientcomputers
remotely,withouthavingtovisiteachclient.Thetargetclientsmustsupportremote
booting.
risk(n)~Atypeofworkitem,recordingapossibleeventwithanundesirableoutcome.
Risksmustbeidentified,assigned,andiftheimpactisprobablyandreallyundesirable,
mitigated.
riskanalysis(n)~Theevaluation,classification,andprioritizationofrisks.
RiskandHealthAssessmentProgram(n)~AMicrosoftServicesPremierSupport
offeringthathelpspreventseriousissuesfromoccurringbyanalyzingthehealthandrisks
presentinanenvironment.
riskmanagement(n)~Aproactive,formalizedprocessfordecision-makingandtaking
actiontocontinuouslyassesswhatcangowrong,assessandquantifytheidentifiedrisks,
determinewhatrisksareimportanttoaddress,implementstrategiestodealwiththose
risks,andmonitorthestatusofrisksandmitigationactivities.
riskmanagementplan(n)~Adocumentdefininghowriskwillbemanagedthroughout
theproject.Itcanincludeidentifiedrisks,probabilities,contingencyplansandmethods
forimplementingthem,andastrategyforallocatingresourcesifariskeventoccurs.
riskmitigation(n)~Theactofreducingtheprobabilityand/orimpactofarisktoan
acceptablelevel.
riskstatement(n)~Acondition-consequencestatementthathelpstoclearlyarticulaterisk
byexpressingacausalrelationshipbetweenareal,existingprojectstateofaffairsor
attribute,andapotential,unrealizedotherprojectstateofaffairsorattribute.
risksymptom(n)~Anindicationthatariskhasoccurredorisabouttooccur.
risktrigger(n)~Anindicationthatariskhasoccurredorisabouttooccur.They
sometimesarecalledrisksymptomsorwarningsigns.Triggersmaybediscoveredinthe
riskidentificationprocessandwatchedintheriskmonitoringandcontrolprocess.
risk-drivenscheduling(n)~Aprincipleofgoodschedulingthatprioritizestasksbasedon
thelevelofriskinvolvedandprioritizesfeaturesbasedontheirimportancetokey
stakeholders.
Rivest-Shamir-Adlemanencryption(n)~Thepatentedpublickeyencryptionmethod,
introducedbyRonaldRivest,AdiShamir,andLeonardAdlemanin1978,onwhichthe
PGP(PrettyGoodPrivacy)encryptionprogramisbased.
RJ-45(n)~Aneight-wireconnectorusedtoattachdevicestocables.Theeightwiresare
encasedinaplasticsheathandcolor-codedtomatchcorrespondingslotsinjacksandare
usedtoconnectcomputerstoLANs(localareanetworks)andtolinkISDN(Integrated
ServicesDigitalNetwork)devicestoNT-1(NetworkTerminator1)devices.
RJ-45connector(n)~Aneight-wireconnectorusedtoattachdevicestocables.Theeight
wiresareencasedinaplasticsheathandcolor-codedtomatchcorrespondingslotsinjacks
andareusedtoconnectcomputerstoLANs(localareanetworks)andtolinkISDN
(IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork)devicestoNT-1(NetworkTerminator1)devices.
RMactivationservice(n)~TheMicrosoftserviceresponsibleforplacingasecure
repositoryonanenduser’scomputer.
RMLockbox(n)~Thesoftwaremoduleresponsibleforauthenticatingthevaliduseof
protectedcontentandprotectingtrustedsoftwareprocessingfrommodificationand
observation.
RMAnumber(n)~Areferencenumberthatisusedtoauthorizeandtrackgoodsreturned
forrepairorrefund.Areturnmaterialsauthorizationisissuedbyasalesentitythat
authorizesabuyingcompanytoreturngoods.
RMB(n)~AnofficialcurrencyofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.
RMO(PN)~Amanagedcodeassemblythatencapsulatesreplicationfunctionalitiesfor
SQLServer.
RMSconnector(n)~Aservicewhichactsasaserverandrelaysrequestscomingfrom
on-premiseExchangeorSharePointtotheMicrosoftAzureRMS.
RMSconnectoradministrationtool(n)~AtoolthatenablesITadministratorsto
configuretheRMSconnectortosupporttheiron-premisesservers.
RMSSDK(PN)~TheSDKwhich,aspartoftheMicrosoftRightsManagementservices,
connectsavarietyofruntimeapplicationswiththeMicrosoftAzureRMS.
RMSsharing(PN)~TheapplicationthatpermitsconsumptionandcreationofRMS-
protectedcontentonPCsormobiledevices.
RMtP(PN)~Aweb-basedtoolthatallowsCertifiedandGoldCertifiedPartnerstoget
supportdirectlyfromMicrosofttechnicalexperts.
roadview(n)~AviewonaVirtualEarthmapinConciergethatdisplaysillustrated
imagesofstreetsandcities.
roam(v)~Tomovebetweendifferentenvironmentsandhavethesameuserexperiencein
bothenvironments.
roam(v)~Touseaphoneoutsidetheusualservicearea.
roaming(n)~TheprocessbywhichanSMS/ConfigurationManagerclientchangesitsIP
addresssuchthatitendsupinasitetowhichitisnotassigned.Roamingexiststo
facilitateSMS/ConfigurationManagerclientsingettingsoftwaredistributionmost
efficiently.
roaming(n)~Theprocessofmaintainingconnectivityoutsideofone’susualserviceor
coveragearea.
roamingaggressiveness(n)~Thedegreetowhich(orspeedatwhich)adeviceora
computerseekstoachieveorimproveaconnection.
roamingboundary(n)~ForAdvancedClients,whichcanmovefromsitetosite,thelist
ofIPsubnets,IPaddressranges,andActiveDirectorysitesthatdeterminewhichclients
areabletoaccessasitedistributionpoint.
Roamingcalls(PN)~ThenameofasectioninCallTimersthatdisplaysthecumulative
durationofallcallsmadeoutsidetheusualservicearea(asdefinedbyaserviceprovider).
roamingprofile(n)~Aserver-baseduserprofilethatisdownloadedtothelocalcomputer
whenauserlogsonandthatisupdatedbothlocallyandontheserverwhentheuserlogs
off.
roamingservice(n)~Aserviceformakingcallsoutsidethehome’serviceareadefined
byaserviceprovider.’
roaminguserprofile(n)~Aserver-baseduserprofilethatisdownloadedtothelocal
computerwhenauserlogsonandthatisupdatedbothlocallyandontheserverwhenthe
userlogsoff.
robot(n)~Aprogramthatperformsataskonanetwork,especiallyataskthatisrepetitive
ortime-consuming.
RobotsExclusion(PN)~AfeaturetomanagethecontentoftheRobots.txtfileforyour
Website.
Robots.txtfile(n)~AfilethatinformssearchenginesaboutthepagesinaWebsitethat
theownerwantstoexcludefrom,orallowfor,indexing.Thefilecontainsallow’rulesand
‘disallow’rulestoindicatewhichportionsofaWebsiteshould
robust(adj)~Abletofunctionortocontinuefunctioningwellinunexpectedsituations.
Rock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#17.
Rock&Roll(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#78.
RODC(n)~Adomaincontrollerthathasread-onlycopiesofdirectorypartitions.
RODCfilteredattributeset(n)~Adynamicallyconfiguredsetofattributesthatarenot
replicatedtoaread-onlydomaincontroller(RODC).Thispreventsthoseattributevalues
frombeingrevealedifanRODCiscompromised.
ROFL(orROTFL)~(RollingOntheFloorLaughing)-Internetslangindicating
laughter.
rogueserver(n)~Aserverwhichisusingnon-standardprocessesandatoddswith
companypolicy.Itmaybesetuptospreadavirus,collectnamesforspammersorfor
someotherillicitpurpose.
role(n)~Agroupofactivitiesnormally(butnotalways)performedbyonepersonand
oftenimplementedwithasecuritygroup.Often,onepersonmayplaymultipleroles.
role(n)~Asymbolicnamethatdefinesaclassofusersforasetofcomponents.Eachrole
defineswhichusersareallowedtoinvokeinterfacesonacomponent.
role(n)~Adefinedsetofapplicationaccessprivileges.Thesecurityroleassignedtoa
userdetermineswhichtaskstheusercanperformandwhichpartsoftheuserinterfacethe
usercanview.Allusersmustbeassignedatleastonesecurityroleinordertoaccessthe
system.
role(n)~Anadministrativeclassificationthatisassociatedwithadefinedsetofuser
rights.
role(n)~Asetofsoftwareprogramsthat,wheninstalledandproperlyconfigured,allows
acomputerrunningaWindowsServeroperatingsystemtoperformaspecificfunctionfor
multipleusersorothercomputerswithinanetwork.
role(n)~ThenamegiventoeachEndofanassociationtoclarifythesemanticsofthe
relationship.
role(n)~Aspecificpartorfunctioninanapplicationorarchitecture.Forexample,aWeb
server,adatabaseserver,oraclient.
role(n)~Theuserrolethatisassignedtoauseraccount,whichdeterminestheoptions
thatarevisibletothatuserandthetasksthattheusercanperforminthemanagement
interfaceforExchangeLabs.
role(n)~Abehaviorpatternofaparticipantinarelationship.
role(n)~Inthesecuritymodel,abehaviorpatternofapersonplayinganorganization
role,afunctionalrole,andanapplicationrole.
role(n)~ThetypeofoperatingenvironmentforapplicationsthatrunswithinaMicrosoft
Azurecloudservice.
roleassignment(n)~Theassignmentofaspecificrolethatdetermineswhetherauseror
groupcanaccessaspecificitemandperformanoperationonit.
roleassignmentpolicy(n)~Acollectionofoneormoreend-usermanagementrolesthat
enableuserstomanagethesettingsoftheirOutlookLiveaccountandpublicgroups.
RoleCenter(n)~Apagethatprovidesquickaccesstoinformationthatisregularly
viewed,suchasalistofactivitiesandlinkstoformsandreportsthatareusedfrequently.
roledefinition(n)~Thecollectionoftaskpermissionsassociatedwitharole.
roleentry(n)~Theindividualentryonamanagementrole.Roleentriesprovideaccessto
cmdlets,scripts,andotherspecialpermissionsthatletusersperformaspecifictask.Arole
entryisoftenasinglecmdletandtheparametersthatmembersofarolegroupcanrun
whentheroleisassignedtotherolegroup.
rolegroup(n)~Auniversalsecuritygroupwithadministrativerightsassignedtoit.These
administrativerightsarespecifiedbybuilt-inmanagementroles,whicharepartofthe
role-basedaccesscontrol(RBAC)permissionsmodelinExchangeServer2010.
rolegroupmember(n)~Amemberofanadministratorrolegroup,whichisauniversal
securitygroupwithadministrativerightsassignedtoit.Therolesassignedtotherole
groupareappliedtoeachmemberwhoisaddedtotherolegroup.Thisgrantseachuserall
thepermissionsallowedbytherolesassignedtotherolegroup.
roleinstance(n)~Theoperatingenvironmentdefinedbyarolerunningasavirtual
machinewithinthecontextofadeployedMicrosoftAzurecloudservice.Theservice
modelmaydefinemultipleroleinstancesforacloudservice.
rolename(n)~Anamethatappearsasatextstringneartheendofabinaryassociation.It
indicatestheroleplayedbytheclassattachedtotheassociationend,soeachendcanhave
itsownendname.
roleowner(n)~Auser,whocandefinetheassignedusersforaprivilegedroleandgates
foractivation.
roleplaying(PN)~Agamecategorythatemphasizescharactergrowthorstorytelling
elements.
rolescope(n)~Thescopeofinfluenceorimpactofaroleassignment.Thescopedefines
whatobjectsarolegroupmembercanmanage.InOutlookLive,thereistherecipient
scopeandtheconfigurationscope.
roleservice(n)~Asoftwareprogramorlogicalcollectionofsoftwareprogramsthat
providethefunctionalityofarole.
roleswitching(n)~Inadatabasemirroringsession,thetakingoveroftheprincipalrole
bythemirror.
RoleSync(PN)~AfeaturethatsynchronizesSAProlesandSharePointuserprofiles,
whichenablesadministratorstosecureSharePointobjectssuchassites,listsanditems
usingSAProles.
role-basedaccesscontrolrole(n)~Theuserrolethatisassignedtoauseraccount,which
determinestheoptionsthatarevisibletothatuserandthetasksthattheusercanperform
inthemanagementinterfaceforExchangeLabs.
role-basedadministration(n)~ThemethodinwhichSystemCenter2012Configuration
Managersecuresobjects.
Role-BasedInterface(n)~Afeaturethatcustomizesthecontentsoftheuserinterface
dependingonthesecuritypermissionsoftheuser.Forexample,iftheuserdoesnothave
permissiontoeditanitem,theeditbuttonwillnotbedisplayed.
role-basedsecurity(n)~AmethodoflimitingaccesstotheServiceManagerconsole.
role-playingdimension(n)~Asingledatabasedimensionjoinedtothefacttableona
differentforeignkeystoproducemultiplecubedimensions.
RoleTailored(adj)~PertainingtoaMicrosoftDynamicssoftwaredesignthatfocuseson
theusers’roleratherthanthestructureofthedatabase.
role-type(n)~Apredefinedroledefinition.
rollback(v)~Toreversechanges.
rollforward(v)~Toapplyloggedchangestothedatainarollforwardsettobringthe
dataforwardintime.
rollforwardset(n)~Thesetofalldatarestoredbyarestoresequence.Arollforwardset
isdefinedbyrestoringaseriesofoneormoredatabackups.
rollup(v)~OntheGanttChart,todisplaysymbolsonasummarytaskbarthatrepresent
subtaskdates.Youcanrollupdatesfromsubtaskstomakeimportantdateseasilyvisible
onasummarytaskbar.
rollup(v)~Tocollectsubsetsofdatafrommultiplelocationsinonelocation.
rollback(n)~Areturntoapreviousstablecondition,aswhenthecontentsofaharddisk
arerestoredfromabackupafteradestructiveharddiskerror.
rollingshutter(n)~Amethodofimageacquisitioninwhicheachframeisrecordedby
verticallyorhorizontallyscanningtheframe.
rollingupgrade(n)~Inacluster,theprocessofsystematicallyupgradingclusternodes
onenodeatatimewhiletheothernodescontinuetoprovideservice.
rolloutplan(n)~Theplanfordeliveringanexternalrelease.Thisplanincludesallofthe
elementsthatmustbeputinplaceforacceptanceinthemarketplace,operations,ortoa
customer.
rollover(n)~Aneffectthatchangestheappearanceoftheselectedobjectwhenyouhover
overorclickit.
rollover(n)~Inalogdefinition,avaluethatspecifieshowoftenanewlogfileiscreated.
ThedefaultvalueisDaily’.’
rolloverfile(n)~AfilecreatedwhenthefilerolloveroptioncausesSQLServertoclose
thecurrentfileandcreateanewfilewhenthemaximumfilesizeisreached.
rollup(n)~Thevalueofanitemthatisbasedonaweightedaverageofthevaluesofitself
anditschildentries.
rollupfield(n)~Afieldthatdisplaysavaluebasedonacalculationofthevaluesofitself
anditschildfields.
ROM(n)~Asemiconductorcircuitthatcontainsinformationthatcannotbemodified.
ROM~(ReadOnlyMemory;pr.‘rom’)Memorywhosecontentsarepresetandcannot
(usually)bechangedbytheuser.Seealso-CD-ROM.
ROMBasic(n)~ABasicinterpreterstoredinROM(read-onlymemory)sothattheuser
canstartprogrammingaftersimplyturningonthemachine,withouthavingtoloadBasic
fromadiskortape.ROMBasicwasafeatureofmanyearlyhomecomputers.
roman(adj)~Havinguprightratherthanslantedcharactersinatypeface.
Romantic/AdultSituations(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputer
EntertainmentRatingOrganization(CERO).
room(n)~Asharedspacewheresmallergroupsofattendeescanmeetseparately.
room(n)~Aplaceonthephonewherefamilies(orotherclose-knitgroups)canstayin
touch.RoomstaketheformofapanoramathatlivesinthePeopleHub.Thepanorama
includesafamilychatcard,asharedcalendar,asharedphotoalbum,andashared
notebook.UsersaskotherstojointheirRoomviaanSMSinvite.
roommailbox(n)~Atypeofresourcemailboxthatisassignedtoameetinglocationsuch
asaconferenceroom,auditorium,ortrainingroom.Roommailboxescanbeincludedas
resourcesinmeetingrequests,providingasimpleandefficientwayoforganizing
meetingsforanorganization.
ROOMstructurediagram(n)~Agraphicalmodelofasystem’scomponentsandtheir
relationships(thestructure),andofthesystem’sresponsetoevents(itsbehavior).
rooms+groups(PN)~ApanellabelinthePeoplehubforthesectionofthehubwhere
peoplecangotoseethealistoftheRoomsand/orGroupsthattheyhavecreated.Inthis
context,thisiswheretheusercangotobetogetherwith’thespecificpeopleorgroupsof
peoplethatareimportanttothem.’
root(n)~Thehighestoruppermostlevelinahierarchicallyorganizedsetofinformation.
Therootisthepointfromwhichfurthersubsetsarebranchedinalogicalsequencethat
movesfromabroadorgeneralfocustonarrowerperspectives.
rootaccount(n)~OnUNIXsystems,theaccounthavingcontrolovertheoperationofa
computer.Thesystemadministratorusesthisaccountforsystemmaintenance.
rootapplicationsystem(n)~Thetop-levelapplicationsystemforwhichyouaredefining
andevaluatingdeployment.TheSystemViewwindowdisplaysallapplicationsinthe
system,includingthefullexpansionofallsystemsintherootsystem.
rootauthority(n)~Themosttrustedcertificationauthority(CA),whichisatthetopofa
certificationhierarchy.TherootCAhasaself-signedcertificate.
rootCA(n)~Themosttrustedcertificationauthority(CA),whichisatthetopofa
certificationhierarchy.TherootCAhasaself-signedcertificate.
rootcertificate(n)~Aself-signedcertificationauthoritycertificate.
rootcertificationauthority(n)~Themosttrustedcertificationauthority(CA),whichis
atthetopofacertificationhierarchy.TherootCAhasaself-signedcertificate.
Rootcertificationauthoritycertificate(n)~Acertificatesignedbythecertification
authoritythatisusedtoverifytheauthenticityofaservercertificatecreatedbythe
certificationauthority.
rootdirectory(n)~Theuppermostdirectoryonacomputer,partitionorvolume.
rootdomain(n)~ThebeginningoftheDomainNameSystem(DNS)namespace.In
ActiveDirectory,theinitialdomaininanActiveDirectorytree.
rootelement(n)~TheelementinanXMLdocumentthatcontainsallotherelements.Itis
thetop-levelelementofanXMLdocumentandmustbethefirstelementinthedocument.
rootfolder(n)~Theuppermostdirectoryonacomputer,partitionorvolume.
RootHealthService(n)~ARootManagementServercomponentthatperformsstate
correlationbasedonstatechangedatacomingfromothermanagementservers.
roothints(n)~DNSdatastoredonaDNSserverthatidentifiestheauthoritativeDNS
serversfortherootzoneoftheDNSnamespace.Theroothintsarestoredinthefile
Cache.dns,locatedinthesystemroot\System32\Dnsfolder.
roothostgroup(n)~Thedefaulthostgroup,ManagedComputers,whichcontainsall
hostgroupsinVirtualMachineManager.Thenameoftheroothostgroupcanbeassigned
duringSetup.ThedefaultnameisAllHosts.
rootlicense(n)~Theelementofalicensechainthatisboundtoacomputerandis
requiredtodecryptthecontentkeyintheleaflicense.
rootmanagementserver(n)~Thefirstmanagementserverinstalledforamanagement
groupthatperformsuniquefunctionsinthemanagementgroup.Specifically,ithoststhe
SDKandConfigservicesandisthetargetserverthatallconsolesattachto.
rootmodelsite(n)~Theprimordialmodelsiteforanapplication.Eachapplicationmust
containonerootmodelsite.
rootnameserver(n)~AcomputerwiththeabilitytolocateDNSserverscontaining
informationabouttop-levelInternetdomains,suchascom,org,uk,it,jp,andother
country/regiondomains,intheInternet’sDomainNameSystem(DNS)hierarchy.
Rootnode(n)~Thelocationwheretheexceptionwasraised,whichprovidesinformation
aboutentrypoints(externalcall)foranapplication:ASPpage,webservicemethod,
Remotingmethods,andsoon.
rootpool(n)~Forhardwareresourcepools,theoriginalpoolthatexistsforeachtypeof
hardwareresourcepool,suchasnetworkingorstorage.Userscanadd,modify,orremove
resourcepools,whicharedescendantsoftherootpool.However,theycannotadd,modify,
ordeletearootpool.
rootproduct(n)~Aproductthatiscontainedinacatalog,butisnotassociatedwithany
category.
rootserver(n)~AcomputerwiththeabilitytolocateDNSserverscontaininginformation
abouttop-levelInternetdomains,suchascom,org,uk,it,jp,andothercountry/region
domains,intheInternet’sDomainNameSystem(DNS)hierarchy.
rootuser(n)~Apersonwithunlimitedaccessprivilegeswhocanperformanyandall
operationsonthecomputer.
rootedpath(n)~Asequenceoffolders(directories)thatbeginswithadriveletterand
colon(forexample,C:)oradirectoryseparatorcharacter(\)andleadstoaspecificfileor
folder.
rootkit(n)~Softwarethatconcealsitselfaswellasotherresources(suchasfiles,folders,
processes,orregistryentries)inordertopreventdetectionwhileitmaintainsaccesstothe
hostcomputer.
Roslyn(PN)~Thecodenameofopen-sourcecompilersandcodeanalysisAPIsforC#and
VisualBasic.NETlanguages.
rotarydialing(n)~Aformofdialingthatentersaphonenumberbymeansofpulse
frequencies.Theusertypicallyhearsaseriesofclickingsoundswhendialing.
rotate(v)~Tomovebitsinaregistertotheleftortotheright.Thebitthatmovesoutof
theendpositionrotatestothenewlyvacatedpositionattheoppositeendoftheregister.
rotate(v)~Toplaceatleasttwofingersonanobjectandrotateyourfingersina
clockwiseorcounterclockwisedirection.
rotate(v)~Agesturerepresentedbyplacingatleasttwofingersonanobjectandrotating
yourfingersinaclockwiseorcounterclockwisedirection.
rotate(v)~Toautomaticallyswitchthedisplayonamobiledevicebetweenportraitand
landscapeorientation.
Rotate180(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
Rotate270(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
Rotate90(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
rotategesture(n)~Agesturerepresentedbyplacingatleasttwofingersonanobjectand
rotatingyourfingersinaclockwiseorcounterclockwisedirection.
rotatemode(n)~Amodeinwhichtheusercanmanipulatea3Dobjectbyrotatingit.
rotation(n)~Amulti-touchgesturethatconsistsoftwofingersmovingaroundacenter
pointoronefingermovingaroundafingerthatisnotmoving.
rotationhandle(n)~Theroundhandlethatappearsatthetopofaselectedshapethatyou
canusetorotatetheshape.
rotationlock(n)~Asoftwaresettingthatdisablesdisplayrotation.
rotationlockbutton(n)~Thebuttonorsliderontabletsandconvertibletabletsthat
rotatesthedisplay.
roughorder-of-magnitudeestimate(n)~Anestimatedonewithoutdetailedcosting,or
basedoninitialorincompletedata.Itestimatesthegeneralsizeandscopeofaproject.
round(v)~Toshortenthefractionalpartofanumber,increasingthelastremaining
(rightmost)digitornot,accordingtowhetherthedeletedportionwasoverorunderfive.
roundcap(n)~Forpathsthatcontainunconnectedends,theendofthestrokethatis
extendedtoberoundedoff.
roundjoin(n)~Thejoinstylewheretwolinesjoinatananglecreatingaroundededge,
cuttingoffthecorner.
roundrobin(n)~AsimplemechanismusedbyDNSserverstoshareanddistributeloads
fornetworkresources.Roundrobinisusedtorotatetheorderofresourcerecords(RRs)
returnedinaresponsetoaquerywhenmultipleRRsofthesametypeexistforaqueried
DNSdomainname.
roundtrip(n)~Theprocessofsending,processingandreturningasignal,packet,
message,etc.
rounding(n)~Theprocessofapproximatinganumberbyrepresentingitwithafewer
numberofdigits.
roundingadjustment(n)~Anadjustmenttoanamountmadetoenablebalancingofa
balancesheetdespiteroundingdifferences.
roundingamount(n)~Anamountexpressedasitsnearestroundnumber.
roundingdifference(n)~Thedeviationfromanexactvalueresultingfromtheuseof
rounding.
roundingerror(n)~Thedeviationfromanexactvalueresultingfromtheuseof
rounding.
roundingpolicy(n)~Adrop-downlistonthepricelistitemformfromwhichausercan
selecthowtoroundtheprice(up,down,ornotatall).
roundingprecision(n)~Thedegreeofprecisionwithwhichvalueswillberounded.
routableconnector(n)~Aone-dimensional(1-D)connectorshapethatchangesitspath
toavoidcrossingthroughtwo-dimensional(2-D)placeableshapesthatliebetweenthe
twoshapestheconnectorconnects.
routableprotocol(n)~Acommunicationsprotocolthatisusedtoroutedatafromone
networktoanotherbymeansofanetworkaddressandadeviceaddress.TCP/IPisan
exampleofaroutableprotocol.
route(n)~AServiceBrokerobjectthatspecifiesthenetworkaddressforaremoteservice.
route(n)~Adetailedsetofinstructionsthatdescribeshowtocreateaparticularitem.
route(v)~Todirectacall.
routecard(n)~Aproductionjournalthatisusedtogivefeedbackonactualtime
consumptionforaroute.
routedistinguisher(n)~AnaddressqualiferusedonlywithinasingleInternetservice
provider’smulti-protocollabelswitching(MPLS)network.Itisusedtodistinguishthe
distinctvirtualprivatenetwork(VPN)routesofseparatecustomerswhoconnecttothe
provider.
routegroup(n)~Aclassificationofroutesthatsharecertainproductioncharacteristics,
suchasqueuetime,setuptime,andruntime.
routejob(n)~Adetailedlistofallthejobsforeachoperation,includingsetup,process,
queueandtransportationtimes.
routeoperation(n)~Astepintheprocessofmanufacturinganitem.
routedevent(n)~Aneventinstancethatpropagatesthroughatreeofrelatedelements
ratherthanjusttargetingtoasingleelement.
router(n)~Adevicethatsends,orroutes,informationbetweentwonetworks(for
example,betweenahomenetworkandtheInternet).
Router(PN)~AsoftwarecomponentthatprovidesaninterfacebetweentheMicrosoft
CRMsystemandExchange2000orExchange2003.
Router~Adeviceusedtoconnectnetworkstogether,forexamplesothatseveralPCscan
shareoneinternetconnection.Arelativeofthehub,butmorepowerful.
Router~Aspecial-purposecomputerthathandlestheconnectionbetween2ormore
Packet-Switchednetworks.Routersspendalltheirtimelookingatthesourceand
destinationaddressesofthepackets-passingthroughthemanddecidingwhichrouteto
sendthemon.
routerguard(n)~Afeaturethatdropsrouteradvertisementandredirectionmessages
fromunauthorizedvirtualmachinespretendingtoberouters.
routine(n)~Anysectionofcodethatcanbeinvoked(executed)withinaprogram.A
routineusuallyhasaname(identifier)associatedwithitandisexecutedbyreferencing
thatname.
routing(n)~Theprocessofforwardingapacketthroughaninternetworkfromasource
hosttoadestinationhost.
routing(n)~Theselectionofcarrierroutesfortransportingfreightfromoriginpointsto
destinationpoints.
routingclient(n)~Atypeofcacheclientthatincludesaroutingtablethatismaintained
byleadhostsintheclusterandenablestheclienttoobtaincacheddatadirectlyfromthe
cachehostonwhichthedataresides.
routingdomain(n)~Acollectionofcontiguousnetworksegmentsconnectedbyrouters
thatsharetheroutinginformationfortherouteswithinthedomain.
routinggroup(n)~Alogicalgroupingofwell-connectedExchangeserversbetween
whichnoconnectorisrequiredformessagetransfer.
routinggroupconnector(n)~AnSMTPconnectorthatisrequiredformailtoflow
betweenExchangeroutinggroups.WhenExchangeServer2007isinstalledinanexisting
ExchangeServer2003andExchange2000Serverorganization,therequiredroutinggroup
connectoriscreatedduringsetup.
RoutingInformationProtocol(n)~Anindustrystandard,distancevectorrouting
protocolusedinsmall-tomedium-sizedInternetProtocol(IP)andInternetworkPacket
Exchange(IPX)internetworks.
routingnumber(n)~Auniquebankregistrationnumberthatabankusestoidentify
itself.
routingnumber(n)~Arecordthatspecifiesthesequenceofproductionoperations.
routingrule(n)~Asetofcriteriathatyousetuptodeterminedhowarecord,for
example,acase,willbehandled.
routingtable~Ininternetworking,theprocessofmovingapacketofdatafromsourceto
destination.
row(n)~Thehorizontalarrangementofcellsinatableorspreadsheet.
row(n)~Agroupofrelatedfields(columns)ofinformationtreatedasaunitandarranged
inahorizontallineinatableorspreadsheet.
rowaggregatefunction(n)~Afunctionthatgeneratessummaryvalues,whichappearas
additionalrowsinthequeryresults.
rowarea(n)~ThepartofPivotTableviewthatcontainsrowfields.
rowbuildingblock(n)~Aworksheettemplatethatcontainslinkstothegeneralledger
and/orexternalworksheetsandotherrowworksheets.Italsocontainsreportrow
descriptionsandcalculationsanddefinesthestructureofeachrowinaManagement
Reporterreport.OneofthethreeManagementReporterbuildingblocks.
rowcode(n)~Thecodeinarowdefinitionthatidentifiesthetypeofdataineachlineof
therowdefinition.
rowdefinition(n)~Aworksheettemplatethatcontainslinkstothegeneralledgerand/or
externalworksheetsandotherrowworksheets.Italsocontainsreportrowdescriptionsand
calculationsanddefinesthestructureofeachrowinaManagementReporterreport.One
ofthethreeManagementReporterbuildingblocks.
rowfield(n)~Afieldthat’sassignedaroworientationinaPivotTablereport.Items
associatedwitharowfieldaredisplayedasrowlabels.
rowguide(n)~Ahorizontallayoutguidethatisusedtodivideapageintotwoormore
sectionstohelpstructurethelayoutofthepage.
rowheading(n)~Thenumberedgrayareatotheleftofeachrow.
RowLabels(PN)~AnareainthelayoutsectionofaPivotTablefieldlisttowhichfields
canbeaddedinordertodisplaythemasrowsonthesideofthereport.
rowlock(n)~Alockonasinglerowinatable.
rowmodifier(n)~Acellinareportdefinitioninwhichthecontentoverridesthefiscal
years,periods,andotherinformationthatisspecifiedinthecolumndefinitionforthatrow.
rowselector(n)~Asmallboxorbarthat,whenclicked,selectsanentirerowintableor
macroDesignview,orwhenyousortandgrouprecordsinreportDesignview.
rowstack(n)~Thepositionofcardswherebycardsareplacedindescendingorder,
alternatingbetweenredcardsandblackcards.Forexample,youcanplaythetwoofhearts
onthethreeofclubs.
rowversioning(n)~In0nlineindexoperations,afeaturethatisolatestheindexoperation
fromtheeffectsofmodificationsthataremadebyothertransactions.
rowworksheet(n)~Aworksheettemplatethatcontainslinkstothegeneralledgerand/or
externalworksheetsandotherrowworksheets.Italsocontainsreportrowdescriptionsand
calculationsanddefinesthestructureofeachrowinaManagementReporterreport.One
ofthethreeManagementReporterbuildingblocks.
row-overflowdata(n)~varchar,nvarchar,varbinary,orsql_variantdatastoredoffthe
maindatapageofatableorindexasaresultofthecombinedwidthsofthesecolumns
exceedingthe8,060-byterowlimitinatable.
Rows(PN)~AnareainthelayoutsectionofaPivotTablefieldlisttowhichfieldscanbe
addedinordertodisplaythemasrowsonthesideofthereport.
rowset(n)~Asetofrowsinwhicheachrowhasoneormorecolumnsofdata.
RoyalBankofCanada(n)~ThelargestbankinCanadaasmeasuredbyassetsand
marketcapitalization.
royaltyfree(adj)~Pertainingtotheabsenceofarequirementtopaytheoriginalownerof
music,images,software,orothercontentfortherighttouse,edit,ordistributetheir
content.
RP(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
RPC(n)~Acommunicationmechanismthatallowscomputerstocommunicatewithone
anotheroveranetwork.AnRPCconsistsofaprocedureidentifier,parameterspassedto
theprocedure,andavaluereturnedtothecaller(clientcomputer)aftertheprocedurehas
executedontheremotesystem(servercomputer).
RPCtransport(n)~Theunderlyingnetworkservicesusedbytheremoteprocedurecall
(RPC)runtimeforcommunicationsbetweennetworknodes.
RPG~(RolePlayingGame)-Acomputergameinwhichyoucontrolacharacterand
interactwithothercharacters,explorevirtualworlds,undertakequestsetc,ofteninvolving
swordsandsorcery.See-MMORPG.
RR(n)~AstandardDNSdatabasestructurecontaininginformationusedtoprocessDNS
queries.Forexample,anaddress(A)resourcerecordcontainsanIPaddresscorresponding
toahostname.MostofthebasicresourcerecordtypesaredefinedinRFC1035,but
additionalRRtypeshavebeendefinedinotherRFCsandapprovedforusewithDNS.
RRset(n)~Acollectionofmorethanoneresourcerecordreturnedinaqueryresponseby
aDNSserver.Resourcerecordsets(RRsets)areusedinresponseswheremorethanone
recordispartoftheanswer.
rsutility(n)~Reportscriptingtool.
rs.exe(n)~Reportscriptingtool.
RS-232-Cstandard(n)~Anacceptedindustrystandardforserialcommunication
connections.AdoptedbytheElectricIndustriesAssociation,thisRecommendedStandard
(RS)definesthespecificlinesandsignalcharacteristicsusedbyserialcommunications
controllerstostandardizethetransmissionofserialdatabetweendevices.TheletterC
signifiesthethirdinaseries.
RS-422/423/449(n)~Standardsforserialcommunicationswithtransmissiondistances
over50feet.RS-449incorporatesRS-422andRS-423.MacintoshserialportsareRS-422
ports.
RSA(n)~Apublic-keyencryptionstandardforInternetsecurity.Itisthedefault
cryptographicserviceprovider(CSP)forMicrosoftWindows.ItwaspatentedbyRSA
DataSecurity,Inc.in1977.Thisacronymderivesfromthelastnamesoftheinventorsof
thetechnology:Rivest,Shamir,andAdleman.
RSAACE/Server(n)~AnauthenticationservermadebytheRSASecuritycompany.
RSAencryption(n)~Thepatentedpublickeyencryptionmethod,introducedbyRonald
Rivest,AdiShamir,andLeonardAdlemanin1978,onwhichthePGP(PrettyGood
Privacy)encryptionprogramisbased.
RSAC(n)~Anindependent,nonprofitorganizationestablishedinthefallof1994bya
groupofsixtradeorganizations,ledbytheSoftwarePublishersAssociation.The
Council’sgoalwastocreateanew,objectivecontent-labelingratingsystemfor
recreationalsoftwareandothermediasuchastheInternet.
RSAT(PN)~AfeatureinWindowsServerthatenablesremotemanagementofWindows
Serveroperatingsystemsbyallowinguserstoopenandrunmanagementtoolsona
remotecomputer.
rsconfigutility(n)~Serverconnectionmanagementtool.
rsconfig.exe(n)~Serverconnectionmanagementtool.
RsFxdriver(n)~Afile-systemfilterdrivertoaidaccesstothedatathroughtheNTFS
StreamingAPIsforthefilestreamdatatype.
R-squaredvalue(n)~Anumberfrom0to1thatrevealshowcloselytheestimatedvalues
forthetrendlinecorrespondtoyouractualdata.AtrendlineismostreliablewhenitsR-
squaredvalueisatornear1.
RSS(n)~AnXML-basedsyndicationtechnologythatenableswebsitestodistribute
content,suchasnewsheadlinesandblogposts,effecientlytoreaders.
RSS~(ReallySimpleSyndication)-Anautomatedsystemforgatheringinformation,
usuallynews,frommultiplesourcesandbringingittogetherinoneplace,usuallya
website.Ifanyoftheinformationischangedatthesource,itisautomaticallyupdatedat
thetarget.
RSSfeed(n)~Adistributionmechanismforfrequently-updatedcontentthatisaggregated
byanRSSreaderanddeliveredorpublishedinastandardXMLformat.Thecontentis
oftensummarized,withlinkstoamorecompleteversion.
RSSPlatformSyncEngine(n)~Asynchronizationenginewhichwillautomatically
downloaddataandenclosuresforusebyanyapplication.Theengineisdesignedfor
efficiency,usingidlenetworkbandwidthwheneverpossibletolimittheeffectontheusers
Internetexperience.DeveloperscanusetheplatformtogetRSSdatawithouthavingto
managedetailssuchassynchronizationschedulesorsubscriptions.
RSSReader(n)~AprogramthatretrievesupdatesanddisplaysRSSformattedwebpages
andmessagesknownasnewsfeedsorwebfeeds.RSSreaderscanoftenaggregateand
displaynewsfeedsfrommultiplesources.
RSSSubscriptions(n)~AfeaturethatenablesausertocapturealloftheRSSfeedsthey
subscribetoinafolderthatautomaticallyupdatesatspecifiedintervals.
RSVP(n)~Asignalingprotocolthatallowsthesenderandreceiverinacommunicationto
setupareservedhighwayfordatatransmissionwithaspecifiedqualityofservice.
RTAudio(PN)~Anadvancedspeechcodecthatisdesignedforreal-timetwo-wayVoice
overIP(VoIP)applicationssuchasgaming,audioconferencing,andwirelessapplications
overIP.RTAudioisthepreferredMicrosoftaudiocodecandisthedefaultcodecfor
MicrosoftUnifiedCommunicationsplatforms.
RTC(n)~InPCs,circuitsorotherhardwareelementsthatprovidethesystemwithreal-
worldtime.
RTCP(n)~AscalabletransportcontrolprotocolthatworkswiththeReal-TimeProtocol
(RTP)tomonitorreal-timetransmissionstomultipleparticipantsoveranetwork-for
example,duringvideoconferencing.TheReal-TimeControlProtocol,orRTCP,transmits
packetsofcontrolinformationatregularintervalsandisusedtodeterminehowwell
informationisbeingdeliveredtorecipients.
RTFM~(ReadTheFlippingManual)-Internetslang,usuallyfiredatpeopleaskingbasic
questionstowhichtheywouldknowtheanswersiftheyhadlookedatthemanual.There
areseveraldifferenttranslationsoftheletterF…:-)
RTGS(n)~Afundstransfersystemwhereirrevocabletransfersofmoneyorsecurities
takeplacedirectlyfromonebanktoanotherwithoutwaitingperiods.
RTL(adj)~Pertainingtokeyboardsettings,documentviews,userinterfaceobjects,
languages,etc.forwhichtextisdisplayedinaright-to-leftdirection.
RTM(PN)~Theversionofsoftwarethat’sdistributedtomanufacturerstobuildinto
hardwaretheywillmakeavailablewhenthefinalsoftwareismadegenerallyavailable.
RTS~(RealTimeStrategy)-Acomputergamewhereyoucommandarmies(usually)of
animatedfigures,directtheirdevelopment,fighttheirbattlesandsoon.‘RealTime’
becausethegamerunscontinuouslyratherthanwaitingforyourorders,thoughinpractise
youcanusuallypausethegameasmuchasyoulikeunlessyouareplayingagainsta
humanopponent.
RTSP(n)~Anetworkprotocol,definedinRFC2326,forcontrollingoneormoredigital
mediastreamsorapresentation(theaggregateofrelatedmediastreams).
RUB(n)~TheofficialcurrencyoftheRussianFederation.
rubber-banding(n)~Incomputergraphics,changingtheshapeofanobjectmadeupof
connectedlinesbygrabbing’apointonananchoredlineand‘pulling’ittothenew
location.’
rubles(n)~TheofficialcurrencyoftheRussianFederation.
Ruby(PN)~Arunoftextthatisassociatedwithanotherrunoftext,referredtoasthe
basetext.
Ruby~ascriptinglanguageforobject-orientedprogrammingsimilarinintenttoPERL
andPYTHON.RubywasdevelopedbyYukihiroMatsumotoin1995.See-www.ruby-
lang.org
rule(n)~Asetofconditionsandassociatedactionsthatmaybeappliedtocertaintasks.
Forexample,anemailrulemightstipulatethatallmessagesfromaparticularsenderbe
placedintoaspecificfolder.
rule(n)~InOperationsManager,anelementinamanagementpackthatdefinesthe
eventsandperformancedatatocollectfromcomputers,andwhattodowiththe
informationafteritiscollected.Arulecannotsetahealthstate.
rule(n)~Acondition-actionpairthatprescribestheactiontakenwhentheconditionis
met.
rule(n)~InBestPracticesAnalyzer,arecommendedconfiguration,performance,
security,oroperationsstandardbywhicharoleisevaluatedduringaBPAscan.BPA
worksbymeasuringarole’scompliancewithbestpracticerulesineightdifferent
categoriesofarole’seffectiveness,trustworthiness,andreliability.
rulecollection(n)~Anorderedsetofrulesforthepurposeofimplementingamessaging
policy.Thenumberofrulecollectionsissetatdesigntime.
rulefiring(n)~Theprocessofrunningoneoftheapplicationrules(eventchroniclerules,
subscriptioneventrules,andsubscriptionscheduledrules)definedintheapplication
definitionfile.
rulegroupcode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsacommongroupofemployeeswhosepayis
processedusingthesamecalculations.
ruleline(n)~Alineprintedabove,below,ortothesideofsomeelement,eithertosetthat
itemofffromtheremainderofthepageortoimprovethelookofthepage.Footnotes,for
example,oftenappearbelowashortrulethatsetsthemofffromthemaintextonthepage.
Thethicknessofaruleistypicallymeasuredinpoints.(Apointisapproximately1/72
inch.)
RuleManagementarea(n)~TheareaofthePolicyFilterpagewhereadministratorsadd
andmanagerules(suchasReject,Redirect,DeliverwithBcc)thatdefineactionstotake
whenconductingspamandvirusfiltering.
ruleprocessor(n)~ThesetoflogicrulesusedbytheApplicationPerformance
Monitoring(APM)service.Thissetofrulesdetermineshowtohandletheprocessingof
datathatiscollectedfromanapplication.
ruleset(n)~Acontainerforgroupinglogically-relatedrules.
Rule-basedconfiguration(n)~Aconfigurationtechnologythatusesrulestodevelop
productmastersandtoconfiguredistinctproducts.
ruler(n)~Anon-screenscalemarkedoffininchesorotherunitsofmeasureandusedto
showlinewidths,tabsettings,paragraphindents,andsoon.
rulerguide(n)~Ahorizontalorverticallayoutguidethatcanbealignedtoanypointona
ruler.
rulerguidemarker(n)~Amarkerintherulerthatalignswiththecurrentguideposition
andenablesuserstoadd,edit,ordeleteaguidefromwithintheruler.
rulermark(n)~Amarkontheverticalorhorizontalrulerthatshowsaunitorsubunitof
themeasurementunitthatisusedforthepublication.
rulerorigin(n)~Thebeginningorzeropointofahorizontalorverticalruler.
rulersubdivision(n)~Thedivisionbetweengridlinesandbetweenintervalsoftheruler.
RulesEngineFramework(n)~The.NETcomponentlibrary,APIs,andservicesusedby
applicationdeveloperstowriterule-basedapplications.
RulesEngineUpdateservice(n)~Aservicethatperformsdynamicpolicyupdates.
RulesInspector(PN)~Adialogthatallowstheusertoviewalltherules(logic)inaform
pivotedindifferentways.Becausetheinformationissummarizedinacentralizedview,
theuserdoesn’thavetoclickthroughmultipledialogs.
RulesManager(PN)~Ataskpanethathelpsformdesignerstobuildandmanagecustom
businessrulesforuseintheirforms.
run(v)~Toexecutequeriesandmacros.
RunAsaccount(n)~AWindowsaccountthatcanbeassociatedwithaRunAsprofile,
andthatcanusetheWindowsAuthentication,NTLM,Basic,orDigestmethodsof
authentication.
RunAsprofile(n)~Aprofilethatassociatesanidentitywithamodulesothatitcanrun
asthatidentity.
runconfiguration(n)~Settingsthatarestoredinarunconfigurationfileandthatimpact
theruntimeenvironmentofatestrun.
RunElevated(v)~Optiononaright-clickmenuofaprogramiconthat,whenselected,
allowstheprogramtorunwithfulladministratorprivileges.
runhistory(n)~Asetofstatisticsthatshowstheresultsofasinglerunofamanagement
agent.
runlevel(n)~Anattributeofanapplicationthatindicateswhichtypeofaccesstokento
usewhentheapplicationisstarted.Therequestedexecutionlevelcanbedefinedinan
applicationmanifestoranAppCompatdatabaseentry,oritmaybederivedautomatically
bytheWindowsoperatingsystembasedonheuristics,ifnoapplicationmanifestis
present.
RunQuery(v)~Acommandtorunaworkitemquery.
runsettings(n)~Asetofpropertiesthatinfluencethewayaloadtestruns.Forexample,
testdurationanddescriptioncouldbespecifiedintherunsettings.
runtime(PN)~Thetimeduringwhichanapplicationisrunning.Duringruntime,you
caninteractwithanapplication.
runtime(n)~Thetimeittakesforaphysicalmanufacturingoperation,excludingsetup
time,queuetime,andmovetime.
RunTracker(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheuserstotrackrunningfitness.
runawayquery(n)~Aquerywithanexcessiverunningtime,thatcanleadtoablocking
problem.Runawayqueriesusuallydonotuseuseaqueryorlocktimeout.
RunBaseframework(n)~Aframeworkthatallowstheusertoimplementbusiness
operationsforwhichthereisnoexistingsupportinMicrosoftDynamicsAX.
runbook(PN)~Thesequenceofactivitiesthatorchestrateactionsoncomputersand
networks.
RunbookDesigner(PN)~Thetoolthatisusedbydesignerstocreate,modify,anddeploy
runbooks.
runbookserver(n)~Theserverthatrunstheservicethatmanagesrunbooksand
communicateswiththeorchestrationdatabase.
RunbookTester(PN)~Thetoolthatisusedtotestandvalidaterunbooks.
runningfoot(n)~Oneormorelinesoftextinthebottommarginareaofapage.Afooter
maycontainelementssuchasthepagenumber,thenameofthefile,orthedate.
runninghead(n)~Oneormoreidentifyinglinesprintedatthetopofapage.Aheader
maycontainapagenumber,adate,theauthor’sname,andthedocumenttitle,thenameof
chapter.
runningstate(n)~Thestateofaworkflowinstancethatiscurrentlyprocessing.Auser
cansuspend,terminate,orcancelarunninginstance.
RunOnceapplication(n)~Anapplicationthatisconfiguredtorunthenexttimethe
computerisrestarted.Theapplicationdoesnotrunafteranysubsequentrebootsofthe
system.
runspace(n)~InWindowsPowerShell,theoperatingenvironmentinwhicheach
commandinapipelineisexecuted.
runtime(n)~Theengineatthecoreofmanagedcodeexecution.Theruntimesupplies
managedcodewithservicessuchascross-languageintegration,codeaccesssecurity,
objectlifetimemanagement,anddebuggingandprofilingsupport.
run-time(adj)~Occurringafteraprogramhasbeguntobeexecuted,suchasevaluation
ofvariableexpressionsanddynamicallocationofmemory.
runtimecallablewrapper(n)~A.NETFrameworkobjectthatactsasaproxyfora
reference-countedCOMobject.
run-timeerror(n)~Asoftwareerrorthatoccurswhileaprogramisbeingexecuted,as
detectedbyacompilerorothersupervisoryprogram.
runtimehost(n)~Theenvironment,suchasASP.NET,InternetExplorer,ortheWindows
shell,inwhichthecommonlanguageruntimeistypicallystartedandmanaged.Runtime
hostscreateapplicationdomainsinwhichtorunmanagedcodeonbehalfoftheuser.See
alsoapplicationdomaincpgloA,commonlanguageruntimecpgloC,managedcodecpgloM.
run-timelibrary(n)~Afilethatcontainsoneormoreprewrittenroutinestoperform
specific,commonlyusedfunctions.ProgrammersuseanRTLprimarilyinhigh-level
languagessuchasCtoavoidrewritingtheseroutines.
Runtimeobjectmodel(n)~AnobjectmodeldesignedforusebyBDCclientsand
applicationsthatprovidesanintuitive,object-orientedinterfacethatabstractsthe
underlyingdatasources.
RVA(oth)~Anoffsetfromtheaddressofamodulethatisloadedinmemory.
S~
Scorporation(n)~AnUnitedStatestaxlawdesignationgiventoanycorporationthat
electstopasscorporateincome,losses,deductions,andcreditthroughtoshareholdersfor
federaltaxpurposes.
S/BCompatible~(SoundBlaster-compatible)-Acommon-Soundcard-format,now
obsolete.
S/MIME(n)~AnInternete-mailsecurity-orientedprotocolthataddspublickey
encryptionandsupportfordigitalsignaturestothewidelyusedMIMEe-mailprotocol.
S/MIMEreceipt(n)~Ane-mailsecurityfeatureusedtorequestconfirmationthata
messagewasreceivedunalteredandinformationaboutwhoopenedthemessageandwhen
itwasopened.ThisverificationinformationisreturnedasamessagetoyourInbox.
S/PDIF(n)~Astandardfordigitaltransferofaudio.
S2Sprotocol(n)~Anauthenticationprotocolbetweentwoserversorservices.
SA(n)~Acombinationofidentifiers,whichtogetherdefineInternetProtocolsecurity
(IPsec),thatprotectscommunicationbetweensenderandreceiver.
SA(PN)~AprogramofferingavailabletoMicrosoftvolumelicensingcustomersthat
combinestherighttousethelatestversionsofsoftwarewitharangeofotherbenefits,
includingproductivitybenefits,phonesupport,tools,partnerservices,trainingandIT
toolsthathelpcustomersdeploy,manage,andmigratesoftware.
SaaS(n)~Thecapabilityprovidedtotheconsumerforusingtheprovider’sapplications
runningonacloudinfrastructure.Theapplicationsareaccessiblefromvariousclient
devicesthrougheitherathinclientinterface,suchasawebbrowser(e.g.,web-based
email),oraprograminterface.Theconsumerdoesnotmanageorcontroltheunderlying
cloudinfrastructure,includingnetwork,servers,operatingsystems,storage,oreven
individualapplicationcapabilities,withthepossibleexceptionoflimiteduser-specific
applicationconfigurationsettings.
SACL(n)~AnACLthatcontrolsthegenerationofauditmessagesforattemptstoaccessa
securableobject.Theabilitytogetorsetanobject’sSACLiscontrolledbyaprivilege
typicallyheldonlybysystemadministrators.
saddlestitch(n)~Abookbindingmethodwherebypagesarestapledalongthespineand
thenfoldedtoformabooklet.
safearray(n)~Aself-describingdatatypefordeclaringarraysusedincreatingCOM
components.Alongwiththedata,asafearraycontainsinformationaboutthenumberand
boundsofitsdimensions.
Safeattachment(PN)~Thespamfilterfeaturethatchecksanemailattachmenttosee
whetherornotitissafe.
safecode(n)~Codethatisexecutedbythecommonlanguageruntimeenvironmentrather
thandirectlybytheoperatingsystem.Managedcodeapplicationsgaincommonlanguage
runtimeservicessuchasautomaticgarbagecollection,runtimetypecheckingandsecurity
support,andsoon.Theseserviceshelpprovideuniformplatform-andlanguage-
independentbehaviorofmanaged-codeapplications.
safelistcollection(n)~ThecombineddatafromanOfficeOutlookuser’sSafeSenders
List,SafeRecipientsList,BlockedSendersList,andexternalcontacts,thatisstoredin
OutlookandintheExchangemailbox.
safemode(n)~AmethodofstartingWindowsusingonlybasicfilesanddrivers.Safe
modeisavailablebypressingtheF8keyduringstartup.Thisallowsyoutostartthe
computerwhenaproblempreventsitfromstartingcorrectly.
safemode(n)~Aspecificversionpolicythatrequestsagivenassemblyberunwiththe
exactversionofitsdependenciesthatitwascompiledagainst.
SafeMode~Acut-downversionof-Windows-whichyoucanlaunchinsteadofthefull
versionfortroubleshootingpurposes.
SafeRecipientsList(n)~Alistthatincludesthee-mailaddressesofmailinglistsfor
whichyouwanttobearecipient.Messagessenttosuchamailinglistandreceivedbyyou
willnotbetreatedasjunke-mail.
safesender(n)~Adomainorapersonthatauserwantstoalwaysreceivee-mail
messagesfrom.UsersaddrecipientsanddomainstotheSafeSenderslist.
SafeSendersList(n)~Alistofdomainnamesande-mailaddressesthatyouwantto
receivemessagesfrom.E-mailaddressesinContactsandintheGlobalAddressBookare
includedinthislistbydefault.Peopleyousentmessagestowillbeaddedtothelist.
safelist(n)~ThecollectionofIPaddressesthatareinagatewayserverslistorinternal
mailserverslistofIPaddressesthatshouldnotbetreatedasspam.
SafeSearch(PN)~ThefeatureofBingthatenablescustomerstoblocksitescontaining
adult(sexuallyexplicit)content.Customerscanchoosefromthreelevelsoffiltering:strict
(hidesadulttextandimageresults);moderate(hidesadultimagesonly);andoff(doesn’t
hideanysearchresults).
Safety(PN)~TheWindowsLivewebpagethatdisplayssecurityandsafety-related
activities.
safetymargin(n)~Atimebuffer,specifiedindays,thatisaddedtoorderduedatesto
protectagainstunplanneddelaysintheitemleadtime.
safetyscanner(n)~Thefreeonlineon-demandtoolthatconductsthreetypesofscans:the
protectionscanchecksforandremovesthingslikevirusesandmalware;theclean-upscan
checkstheharddiskforunnecessaryfilesandhelpsusersdecidewhichonestheycan
safelyremove,andalsoclearsthecomputer’sregistryoforphaneddata;thetune-upscan
helpsimprovethecomputer’sperformancebydefragmentingtheharddisk.
safetystock(n)~Theplannedminimuminventorylevel.
salarysurveyreferencejob(n)~Abenchmarkjobdescriptionprovidedbythe
administratorofasalarysurvey(usuallyathirdparty)thatallowsdifferentcompaniesto
comparetheirinternaljobstoastandarddescriptionfoundinthemarketplace.
sale(n)~Theexchangeofproductsorservicesformoney.
sales(n)~Theexchangeofproductsandserviceswithacustomerformoney.
Sales(PN)~Theareaoftheapplicationtargetedathelpingsalespeopleidentify,track,and
forecastsellingopportunities(betheywithexistingornewcustomers)andhelpbring
themtosuccessfulclosure(sales)moreeffectivelyandefficiently.
Sales&marketing(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelpbusinesses
planandtracksalesandmarketingtasks.
salesagreement(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsanagreementbetweentwoor
morepartiesbasedonanunderstandingthatasellingpartywillcommittosellinga
specificquantityorvalueofproductoveraperiodoftimeinexchangeforfavorableprices
anddiscounts.
salesagreementpolicy(n)~Apolicythatauthorizespartiestomodifysalesagreement
terms.
salesamountapprovallimit(n)~Themaximumamountonasalesdocumentthatan
approverisallowedtoapprove.
salesandoperationsplanning(n)~Thedevelopmentoftacticalplansthatprovide
managementwiththeabilitytostrategicallydirectitsbusinessestoachievecompetitive
advantageonacontinuousbasisbyintegratingcustomer-focusedmarketingplansfornew
andexistingproductwiththemanagementofthesupplychain.
salesconversionpoint(n)~Theconversionpointpagewhereavisitorhascompleteda
purchase.Thisisusuallytheconfirmationpageafterthesale.
SalesForceAutomation(n)~Themanagementofallaspectsofthesalescycleand
standardizationofkeysalesfunctionsbyautomatingactivitiessuchasaccountand
opportunitymanagement,quoteandproposalgeneration,scheduling,forecasting,and
reporting.
salesforecast(n)~Anestimateofsalesrevenuethattypicallyspansaspecificperiodsuch
asamonth,quarterofayear,onehalfofayear,orafullyear.
salesinvoice(n)~Thebillthatanorganizationgivesacustomerinconnectionwithasale.
salesitem(n)~Anitemizedproductthatparticipatesinasalesprocess.
saleslead(n)~Apotentialcustomerwhomustbecontactedbyasalespersonandeither
qualifiedordisqualifiedasasalesopportunity.Leadswillbeconvertedintoaccounts,
contacts,oropportunitiesiftheyarequalified.Otherwisetheyaredeletedorarchived.
salesliterature(n)~Thedocumentsthatarecreatedwithspecificinformationabout
productsand/orservicesandgiventocustomerstohelpincreasesales.
Salesmodule(n)~TheMicrosoftCRMmoduleusedtoaccessbusinessrecordspertaining
tosales,suchasaccounts,contacts,quotes,orders,andsalesliterature.Inthismodule,
userscancreateleads,convertthemtoopportunities,accounts,andcontacts,andviewand
trackinformationaboutcompetitors.Userscanalsocreatequotesandorders,andgenerate
invoices.
salesorder(n)~Anagreementbetweentwopartiesforthesaleofgoodsorservices.
salesorder(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentstheoffertosellproductsorthe
acceptanceofanoffertobuyproductsinexchangeforpayment.
salesorderdiscount(n)~Anamountdeductedfromthetotalnetamountcalculationona
salesorder.
salesorderline(n)~Thepartofasalesorderthatspecifiesthedetailedinformationabout
arequesteditem.
salesorderpolicy(n)~Apolicythatauthorizespartiestomodifysalesordertermsandto
controlorderprocessingandpaymentprocesses.
salespipeline(n)~Apotentialsalestransactioninprocess.
salespricemodel(n)~Amodelthatdefineswhetherthecalculationofsalespriceisbased
onquantityoronamarkupamountorpercentageofthecostprice.
SalesProcessManager(n)~AsectionoftheSettingsareawhereuserscancustomize
salesprocessesfortheirteamtoimprovesalesperformance.
salesquotation(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsanoffertosupplyaquantityof
productforaspecifiedpriceandbyaspecifieddateinresponsetoarequestforquotation
inasalesprocess.
salesquotationtemplate(n)~Amodelforcreatingsalesquotations.Thetemplate
includescommoninformationsothatitdoesnotneedtobeenteredeachtimeaquotation
iscreated.
salesreport(n)~AreportspecifictotheSalesareasoftheproduct.
salesstage(n)~Thepartofthesalesprocesswhereanopportunitycurrentlyis;for
example,prospecting,needsanalysis,closedorwon,closedorlost,andsoon.
salesstage(n)~InCRM,theperiodorstepinthesalesprocessthattheprospectisin.
salestax(n)~Ataxleviedonthesaleofproducts.
salestaxbook(n)~Arecordofsalesandpurchasetransactionsforsalestaxreportingin
Italy.
salestaxcode(n)~Auser-definedcodethatuniquelyidentifiesaspecificsalestaxand
definesitscharacteristics,suchasthepercentageoramount,taxauthority,termsof
payment,andledgeraccountsusedforposting.
salestaxexempt(n)~Pertainingtoasaleorpurchasetransactionforwhichnosalestaxis
calculated.
salestaxgroup(n)~Agroupofoneormoresalestaxcodesthatdefinesalestax
(includingduty)forcustomers,vendors,projects,andledgeraccounts.
salestaxhierarchy(n)~Ahierarchythatorganizesmultiplelevelsofsalestaxreporting
codes,suchastaxtypes,taxcomponents,exciserecordtypes,andserviceaccounting
codes.
salestaxhierarchynode(n)~Anodeinasalestaxhierarchythatrepresentssalestax
information,suchasthetaxcomponentortheexciserecordtype.
salestaxhierarchystructure(n)~Astructurethatcontainsmultiplelevelsofsalestax
reportingnodesandthatdoesnotcontaindata.Thisstructureisusedasatemplateto
createasalestaxhierarchy.
salestaxjurisdiction(n)~Agovernmentunitorsubdivisionthatimposestaxeswithina
state.Ageographicalareawithinastatecanbetaxedbyseveraljurisdictions:town,
county,andstate.
salestaxsettlementperiod(n)~Adivisionoftheyearwhenthebusinessreportsand
payscollectedsalestaxtothetaxauthorities.
salesterritory(n)~Asegmentofanorganization’smarket.Salesterritoriesareoften
definedbygeographicallocation,suchasNorthwestterritoryandSoutheastterritory.
salesunit(n)~Ateamofsalespersonsresponsibleforacommonsalestarget.
salesunit(n)~Aunitofmeasureforexpressingquantitiesofsalesproduct.
salesunitprice(n)~Thepriceofasalesunit.
salesVAT(n)~Thetaxonanorganization’ssales,whichisleviedonthesalesprice.
salesperson(n)~Asecurityroleassignedtousers.Asalespersonfindsandqualifiesleads,
andworkswithopportunities,accounts,andcontactstocompletesalesactivities.
Salsa(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#143.
salt~Inpasswordprotection,saltisarandomstringofdatausedtomodifyapassword
hash.Saltcanbeaddedtothehashtopreventacollisionbyuniquelyidentifyingauser’s
password,evenifanotheruserinthesystemhasselectedthesamepassword.
salvageaccount(n)~Anaccountusedtotrackthesalvagevalueofassets.
salvagevalue(n)~Theexpectedcashvalueoftheassetattheendofitsusefullife.
SAM(n)~Abestpracticeincorporatingasetofprovenprocessesandproceduresfor
managingandoptimizingthepurchase,deployment,maintenance,utilization,anddisposal
ofsoftwareapplicationswithinanorganization.SAMpracticehelpstomanageriskfrom
counterfeitaswellasimproperlylicensedsoftware.
Samba(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#114.
SAMI(n)~AnExtensibleMarkupLanguage(XML)-basedlanguageusedtospecify
closedcaptionsinmultiplelanguagesandstyles.
sample(n)~Asubsetofapopulationtorepresentthecharacteristicsoftheentire
populationbeingstudied.
sample(n)~Anindivisibleelementofanimagethatisstoredincomputermemory.The
termspixelandsampleareoftenusedinterchangeably.
sampleapplication(n)~End-to-end,compilableapplicationthatusesmanytechnologies
andisdesignedasteachingsampleorcommercialutilityforwhichthecodeismade
availableforlearningandre-use.
samplecode(n)~Asetofprograminstructionsthatareprovidedasanexample,typically
forlearningandre-use.
samplecolor(n)~Asinglecolorthatisbasedonthedominantcolorofanentireimage.
sampledatawizard(n)~Awizardthatinstallssampledataontheserver.
samplediagrams(n)~Asetofdiagrams,providedasexamples,whichyoucanuseto
learnaboutVisioanditsfeatures.
sampledocument(n)~Atypeoftemplatethatcontainsinstructionsonhowtocreateyour
owndocument.
sampleitem(n)~Anitemizedproductthatisselectedforinspection.
samplerate(n)~Therateatwhichadigitalrecordingdeviceanalyzesananalogsignalin
ordertocreateadigitalduplicate.Samplerateismeasuredincycles(kHz)persecond.
Thehigherthesamplerate,thebetterthequalityofthedigitalreproductionoftheanalog
signal.
samplerunmap(n)~Anarrayofsamplerunsthatmakeupanentireimage.
sampling(n)~Theprocessofmeasuringtheamplitudeofananalogsignalatregular
intervalsforthepurposeofconvertingthesignalintoadigitalformat.
sampling(n)~Aprofilingtechniquethatinvolvestakingsnapshotsofprogramexecution
atintervals.
sampling(n)~Astatisticalprocessthatyieldssomeinferentialknowledgeabouta
populationordatasetofinterestasawholebyobservingoranalyzingaportionofthe
populationordataset.
samplinginterval(n)~Theperiodoftimeduringwhichamonitoringtoolcollectsdata.
samplingrate(n)~Therateatwhichadigitalrecordingdeviceanalyzesananalogsignal
inordertocreateadigitalduplicate.Samplerateismeasuredincycles(kHz)persecond.
Thehigherthesamplerate,thebetterthequalityofthedigitalreproductionoftheanalog
signal.
SAN(n)~Asetofinterconnecteddevices(suchasdisksandtapes)andserversthatare
connectedtoacommoncommunicationanddatatransferinfrastructuresuchasFibre
Channel.
SAN(n)~Anextension(definedinRFC4985)usedtostoreextraidentifiersforasubject
includingtheUserPrincipalName(UPN)oftheuserthatisusedbyWindowsforsmart
cardlogonandtheusere-mailaddress(RFC822name).
sandbox~Atrialenvironmentonlinewhereyoucantestsomethingoutwithoutbreaking
anything.
sandboxinstance(n)~Anon-production,testinstancethatprovidesanisolated
environmentofDynamicsCRMtoallowfortestingofcustomcode,suchasplug-ins.
sandboxedapplication(n)~InSilverlight,anin-browserapplicationoranout-of-browser
applicationthathasnotbeengrantedelevatedtrust.
SandboxedCodeService(PN)~ThenameofaserviceinMicrosoftSharepoint
Foundationthatneedstobestartedtoallowforasandboxedsolutiontobedeployed.
sandboxedsolution(n)~Acustomsolutionthatcanbedeployedtoasitebyasite
collectionadministrator,withoutapprovalfromthefarmadministrator.Withoutthat
approval,thesolutionhasfullaccesstotheimmediatesiteandrestrictedaccesstosystem
resourcesandothersites.
SANergy~AproductofIBMTivolithatdeliversshareddataaccessatthespeedofa
SAN,usingfibrechannel,theSCSI,ortheiSCSI.
SAP(n)~ANetWareprotocolusedtoidentifytheservicesandaddressesofservers
attachedtothenetwork.Whenaserverstarts,itusestheprotocoltoadvertiseitsservice.
Whenthesameservergoesoffline,itusestheprotocoltoannouncethatitisnolonger
available.
SAPI(n)~AfeatureinsomeversionsofWindowsthatallowsapplicationstoinclude
speechrecognitionorconverttexttospeech.
Sarbanes-OxleyActof2002(PN)~AU.S.federallawthatrequiresthepreservationof
recordsbycertainexchangemembers,brokers,anddealers.
SAS(n)~AURLthatgrantsaccessrightstocontainers,blobs,queues,andtables.
SASL(n)~Anopenframework,describedinRequestforComments(RFC)2222,for
addingauthenticationsupporttoconnection-basedprotocols.
SATA~(SerialAdvancedTechnologyAttachment)-Ahighspeedstandardforconnecting
harddiskstoyourcomputer,replacing-EIDE-onmostnewcomputers.
satelliteassembly(n)~A.NETFrameworkassemblycontainingresourcesspecifictoa
givenlanguage.Usingsatelliteassemblies,youcanplacetheresourcesfordifference
languagesindifferentassemblies,andthecorrectassemblyisloadedintomemoryonlyif
theuserelectstoviewthatapplicationinthatlanguage.
satellitephone~TheyoperatebothoneitherGSM/AMPsnetworks,andviasatellite,in
areaswherethereisnocoverage.
Satire(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#110.
saturation(n)~Incolormanagement,thepurityofacolor’shue,movingfromgraytothe
purecolor.
save(v)~Towritedata(typicallyafile)toastoragemedium.
Save(v)~AnitemontheFilemenuthatwritesdata(typicallyafile)toastoragemedium.
Save~Copywhateveryouareworkingonfrom-memory,whichislostwhenyouswitch
offthecomputer,topermanent-storage,usuallytheharddisk.Itisagoodidea-tosave
frequentlywhenyouareworkingonsomethingimportant,incasethereisasuddenpower
cutoryoumakesomeawfulmistakethattrashesyourdocument.
SaveAs(v)~AnitemontheFilemenuandabuttonontheInstantMessagetoolbarthat
savesthetextofthecurrentconversationasafileontheuser’scomputer.
SaveAsE-mail(v)~TheitemontheFilemenuthatsendsthetextofthecurrent
conversationasane-mailmessagetotheuser.
Saveastype(PN)~AnoptionintheSaveAsdialogthatenablesausertosaveafilein
differentformatsorversions.
savepicker(n)~AUIelementthatenablesuserstochoseafilename,extension,and
storagelocationwhensavingafile.
saveprocess(n)~Theprocessofwritingdatatodisk.
Savednetworks(n)~AControlPanelitemthatallowstheusertoviewsavednetworks
andreconnecttothem.
SavedProjects(n)~AholdingplacewhereWorksProjectscreatedorcustomizedbythe
useraredisplayed.
savedrequisition(n)~Arequisitionthathasbeensavedbutnotsubmitted;business
processesarenotinitiatedforsavedrequisitions.
savedsearch(n)~Alistoffilesthatmatchspecificsearchorfilterinformation.Youcan
saveasearchcreatedintheSearchfolder.Wheneveryouopenasavedsearch,itwill
searchyourcomputeragaintofindallfilesthatmatchwhatyou’relookingfor.
savedstate(n)~Amannerofstoringavirtualmachinesothatitcanbequicklyresumed,
similartoahibernatedlaptop.Whenyouplacearunningvirtualmachineinasavedstate,
VirtualServerandHyper-Vstopthevirtualmachine,writethedatathatexistsinmemory
totemporaryfiles,andstoptheconsumptionofsystemresources.Restoringavirtual
machinefromasavedstatereturnsittothesameconditionitwasinwhenitsstatewas
saved.
savepoint(n)~Alocationtowhichatransactioncanreturnifpartofthetransactionis
conditionallycanceledorencountersanerror,henceofferingamechanismtorollback
portionsoftransactions.
SavingsCalculator(PN)~Atoolforcalculatingearningsonsavingdeposits.
SBASharingsite(n)~Asharedsitewhereabusinessownercangrantpermissionstoan
accountantwheretheyuploadfilesandshareinformation.
SBCS(n)~Acharacterencodinginwhicheachcharacterisrepresentedby1byte.Single
bytecharactersetsaremathematicallylimitedto256characters.
SBM(n)~AnInternetEngineeringTaskForce(IETF)standardthatenables
administrativecontrolatthesubnetlevel.
SBSI(n)~InteractivetrainingpublishedbyMicrosoftPressthatisintegratedinto
WindowsXPHelpandSupportCenter.
scaffolding(n)~TheprocessofgeneratingWeb-pagetemplatesbasedondatabase
schemas.InASP.NET,DynamicaDatausesscaffoldingtofacilitatethegenerationof
Web-basedUIthatletsauserviewandupdateadatabase.
scalability(n)~Thecapabilitytoincreaseresourcestoyieldalinear(ideally)increasein
servicecapacity.
scalable(adj)~Oforrelatingtothecharacteristicofapieceofhardwareorsoftwareora
networkthatmakesitpossibleforittoexpandorshrinktomeetfutureneedsand
circumstances.Forexample,ascalablenetworkallowsthenetworkadministratortoadd
manyadditionalnodeswithouttheneedtoredesignthebasicsystem.
ScalableVideoCoding(PN)~Avideocompressionstandardthatencodeshigh-quality
videobitstreams.Supportforthecapabilityenablestheconferencingservertodetermine
howbitstreamsshouldflowamongreceivingclients,basedonthecapabilitiesand
bandwidthofthereceivingendpoint.
scalar(n)~Afactor,coefficient,orvariableconsistingofasinglevalue(asopposedtoa
record,anarray,orsomeothercomplexdatastructure).
scalardatatype(n)~Adatatypedefinedashavingapredictableandenumerable
sequenceofvaluesthatcanbecomparedforgreater-than/less-thanrelationships.Scalar
datatypesincludeintegers,characters,user-definedenumerateddatatypes,and(inmost
implementations)Booleanvalues.
scalarproperty(n)~Apropertyofanentitythatmapstoasinglefieldinthestorage
schema.
scalar-valuedfunction(n)~Afunctionthatreturnsasinglevalue,suchasastring,
integer,orbitvalue.
scale(n)~Ahorizontalorverticallineonagraphthatshowsminimum,maximum,and
intervalvaluesforthedataplotted.
scale(v)~Toenlargeorreducethedisplayofanitem,suchasadrawingoraproportional
characterfont,byadjustingitssizeproportionally.
scale(v)~Inprogramming,todeterminethenumberofdigitsoccupiedbyfixed-pointor
floating-pointnumbers.
scale(n)~Thecapacityandperformanceofagivenstreamingmediadeployment.Web
servernetworksareconsideredtobeofamuchlargerscalecomparedtoWindowsMedia
servernetworksfordeliveringmediastreams,becauseoftheubiquityofHTTP.
scale(n)~Avaluereferringtothenumberofunitsofservicethatacustomerisentitledto
withinaparticulartierofserviceoffering:Basic,StandardandPremium.
scalebreakline(n)~Alinedrawnacrossachartareatoindicateasignificantgap
betweenahighandlowrangeofvaluesonthechart.
scalefactor(n)~Anumberdeterminingthedegreetowhichashapeorimagewillbe
inflatedordeflated.
scalefactor(n)~Aratiotoconvertfromonenumberprecisiontoanother.
scalemode(n)~Amodeinwhichtheusercanmanipulatea3Dobjectbyincreasingor
decreasingitsscale.
scaleout(v)~Toincludeadditionalhardwareresources,suchasCPU,memory,andhard
diskspace,toincreasethecapacityandperformanceofagivendeployment.
scaleout(aservice)(v)~Toaddadditionalvirtualmachinestoatierofadeployed
service.
scaleoverridemanagementpack(n)~AsetoffilesforusewithSystemCenter
OperationsManagertostoreoverridesandchangethedegreetowhichinflatingor
deflatingthenumberofresourcesandtheperformanceofagivendeployment.
scaleunit(n)~InMicrosoftAzure,abaseconfigurationofwebandworkerroleinstances
andrelatedservices.Ascaleunitsupportsadefineddegreeofloadinanapplicationthat
canbeeasilyduplicatedanddeployedtosupportadditionalload.Ascaleunitmight
consistof,forexample,threewebroles,twoworkerroles,onequeue,andtwoSQL
Databaseinstances.
scaling(n)~Incomputergraphics,theprocessofenlargingorreducingagraphicalimage
—scalingafonttoadesiredsizeorscalingamodelcreatedwithaCADprogram,for
example.
scaling(n)~TheprocessofexpandingthecapacityofaWebserverorserverclusterto
accommodateincreasedsitetrafficandimprovesiteperformance.
scalingplateau(n)~Apresetscalingfactor.
scam(n)~Afraudulentbusinessscheme;aswindle.
scam~Afraudulentschemethatisusedtoattempttoobtainmoneyfromapersonviathe
Internet.
scan(v)~Infacsimileandotheropticaltechnologies,tomovealight-sensitivedevice
acrossanimage-bearingsurfacesuchasapageoftext,convertingthelightanddarkareas
onthesurfacetobinarydigitsthatcanbeinterpretedbyacomputer.
scan(n)~Animage-bearingsurfacesuchasasinglepageormulti-pageoftextorpicture
thatispassedthroughascannerandhasbecomeacomputerfile.
scan(v)~Tosystematicallyexaminefilesorotherdatatoidentifycontentorpatternsthat
meetspecificcriteria.
scan(n)~Asystematicexaminationoffilesorotherdatatoidentifycontentorpatterns
thatmeetspecificcriteria.
Scan(PN)~Theappthatenablesuserstoscanphotosordocumentsusingaconnected
scannerandsavetheimagestoafolder.
scan(v)~Theresulting3Dmeshcontainingcolorinformation.
scancode(n)~Acodegeneratedbythekeyboardsoftwaretoidentifythekeypressedina
uniquemanner.
scanengine(n)~Softwareusedtoinspectmessagestodetectvirusesortoidentifyspam.
scanhead(n)~Anopticaldevicefoundinscannersandfaxmachinesthatmovesacross
thesubjectbeingscanned,convertslightanddarkareastoelectricalsignals,andsends
thosesignalstothescanningsystemforprocessing.
scaninterval(n)~ForProcessControl,thetimebetweensuccessivechecksfornew
processesstartedontheserver.YoucanconfigurethisintheProcessControlsnap-in.
scanjob(n)~AscanthathasauniqueIDassociatedwithitforreportingandtracking
purposes.
ScanManagement(PN)~AMMCsnap-intoolunderPrintandDocumentServicesthat
isusedformanagingnetworkscanners,andconfiguringyourDistributedScanServerand
howscansshouldbeprocessed.
scanprofile(n)~Acollectionofsavedsettingsforscanningdocumentsorpictures.In
WindowsFaxandScan,youcanadjustscansettingsandthensavethemasascanprofile.
scanner(n)~Anopticalinputdevicethatuseslight-sensingequipmenttocapturean
imageonpaperorsomeotherobject.Capturedimagedataisconvertedintobinaryfiles
thatcanbestoredandmanipulatedbycomputerprograms.
Scanner~Adevicewhichmakeshigh-resolutioncopiesofprintedimagesandtexttouse
onacomputer.
scatterchart(n)~Achartthatplotsnumericaldataalongtwovalueaxes(x,y).
scatter/gatherdirectmemoryaccess(n)~Aformofdirectmemoryaccess(DMA)in
whichdataistransferredtoandfromnoncontiguousrangesofphysicalmemory.
scatter/gatherDMA(n)~Aformofdirectmemoryaccess(DMA)inwhichdatais
transferredtoandfromnoncontiguousrangesofphysicalmemory.
scatter/gatherlist(n)~Alistofoneormorepairedbaseaddressesandlengthsthat
describethephysicallocationsfromwhichtotransferdatainscatter/gatherdirectmemory
access.
scavenging(adj)~Theprocessofcleaningandremovingextinctoroutdatednamesdata
fromtheWINSdatabase.
SCC(n)~AclusteredExchangedeploymentthatusessharedstorageandcanhave
multipleactiveandpassiveservers(referredtoasnodes)dedicatedtoaclusteredmailbox
server.
SCCM(PN)~AsystemsmanagementsoftwareproductformanaginglargegroupsofPCs
andservers,keepingsoftwareup-to-date,settingconfigurationandsecuritypolicies,and
monitoringsystemstatuswhilegivingusersaccesstopreferredapplicationsfromthe
devicestheychoose.
SCE(PN)~AmanagementsolutionspecificallydesignedforITprofessionalsworkingin
midsizebusinesseswhooftenfaceITchallengessimilartothoseoflargerenterprises-
troubleshootinguserproblems,automatingmanagementtasks,managingmultiple
systems,anddiagnosingandresolvingITproblems.
SCEConsole(n)~TheuserinterfacethatprovidesaccesstoSystemCenterEssential
features.
scenario(n)~Atypeofworkitemthatrecordsasinglepathofuserinteractionthrough
thesystem.Asthepersonaattemptstoreachagoal,thescenariorecordsthespecificsteps
thattheytakeinattemptingtoreachthatgoal.
Scenario(n)~Apredefineddimensionthatisusedtodifferentiatebetweendifferent
modelingscenarios.Forexample,youcanusethisdimensiontotrackvaluesforbudget,
actual,andforecastedscenariosforanygivenperiodoftime.Itisautomaticallyincluded
witheverymodel.
ScenarioPowerManager(PN)~Theentityintheoperatingsystemthatdecidesonand
managesperformanceandpowersettingsforcertainuserscenarios.
scene(n)~Theimagethatisdepictedinaphotograph.
scene(n)~Aseriesofimagesandothercontrolscombinedtogetherinasinglecomponent
thatcanbedynamicallyinstantiatedinothercomponents.
scene(n)~Animageandcolorcombinationdesignedtopersonalizeadisplaywindowthat
isviewabletootherpeople.Forexample,inWindowsLiveMessenger,someonecan
choosefromasetofavailablescenes,oruploadtheirownbackgroundimage.Theycan
alsouseadefaultcolorsuggestion,orspecifytheirowncolor.Someone’spersonalization
isdisplayedinthemainMessengerwindow(visibletothemselves)andalsointhemain
conversationwindow(visibletoothers).
scene-coherent3-D(n)~Thecameraanglesandlightsettingsthatyoucanusetocontrol
theorientation,shadow,andperspectiveforgroupedshapes.
SCEP(PN)~APublicKeyInfrastructure(PKI)communicationprotocolthatdefinesthe
communicationbetweennetworkdevicesandaRegistrationAuthority(RA)forcertificate
enrollment.
Schannel(n)~ASecuritySupportProvider(SSP)thatimplementstheSecureSockets
Layer(SSL)andTransportLayerSecurity(TLS)Internetstandardauthentication
protocols.
schedule(v)~Toprogramacomputertoperformaspecifiedactionataspecifiedtimeand
date.
schedule(n)~Thetimingandsequenceoftaskswithinaproject.
Schedule(PN)~AbuttonthatlaunchestheServiceSchedulingform.
schedule(n)~Atimetableofplannedactivitiesandeconomicresourceallocations.
schedule(n)~Theglobalsettingsthatyoucanusetodefineasetofdateandtimecriteria
forarunbook.
ScheduleaConference…(oth)~AnitemontheActionsmenuthatopensanewOutlook
meetinginvitationusingtheuser’sconferencinginformation.
ScheduleaMeeting(PN)~AmenuitemthatopensanOutlookmeetinginvitation
prepopulatedwiththeselectedcontact(s).
schedulegroup(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,acontainerforrelatedtasksthatare
queuedtoaTaskScheduler.
ScheduleImportantSoftwareUpdates(PN)~AtoolonthemainWindowsSteadyState
interfaceusedtosetschedulesforsoftwareandoperatingsystemupdates.
scheduleperformanceindex(SPI)(n)~Theratiooftheearnedvalue(EV),whichis
sometimesreferredtoasthebudgetedcostofworkperformed(BCWP),totheplanned
value(PV),whichissometimesreferredtoasthebudgetedcostofworkscheduled
(BCWS).SPIisoftenusedtoestimatetheprojectcompletiondate.TheSPIvalueis
calculatedasfollows:SPI=EV/PV.IftheresultingSPIvalueislessthan1.0,that
indicatesthatlessworkwascompletedontheprojectthanwasplanned.IftheSPIvalueis
1.0orgreater,thatindicatesthatmoreworkwascompletedthanwasplanned.
schedulevariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthebudgetedcostofworkperformed
[BCWP]andthebudgetedcostofworkscheduled[BCWS].Thisiscalculatedasfollows:
SV=BudgetedCostofWorkPerformed-BudgetedCostofWorkScheduled.
ScheduleView(PN)~AnOutlookCalendarviewinwhicheachcalendarislisted
vertically(notside-by-side).Thisviewisoptimizedforviewingascheduleforagroup
andschedulingameetingforagroup.
scheduledconference(n)~AconferencescheduledusingMicrosoftOutlookwiththe
OutlookAdd-in.
Scheduler(PN)~Afeatureincampaignautomationthatletsyoutoaddawaitstep.The
waitstepisatypeofworkflowstepthatpausesaworkflowprocessforaspecificamount
oftimeoruntilasubsequentactionoccurs.
Scheduler(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatallowsuserstoinvokeactions,suchas
callingHTTP/Sendpointsorpostingamessagetoastoragequeue,onanyschedule.
schedulerinstance(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,aninstanceofaTaskScheduler.
Everyschedulerinstancehasanassociatedpolicythatgovernshowvariouskindsof
workloadsarerun.
SchedulingandDeliveryProcessor(n)~Acomponentofthereportserverenginethat
handlesschedulinganddelivery.WorkswithSQLAgent.
SchedulingAssistant(n)~AnOutlookandOutlookWebAccessfeaturethat
automaticallysuggeststhebestmeetingtimesforagivenagroupofattendees,allowing
userstoschedulepeopleandresourcesquicklyandefficiently.
schema(n)~Thesetofdefinitionsfortheuniverseofobjectsthatcanbestoredina
directory.Foreachobjectclass,theschemadefineswhichattributesaninstanceofthe
classmusthave,whichadditionalattributesitcanhave,andwhichotherobjectclassescan
beitsparentobjectclass.
schema(n)~Anobjectorcollectionofdatabaseobjectsthatcontainstructural
information,ormetadata,aboutadatabase.
schema(n)~AnXMLtextfilethatdescribesentityandrelationshiptypes.Theschema
alsodefinesacontainerwithinwhichinstancesofthesetypesarelogicallyorganized.
schema(n)~Themetadatausedtodescribethecontentandstructureofadocument.
schemacache(n)~Acopyoftheschemainmemorytoimproveperformanceonschema
operations.Thiscachedversionisautomaticallyupdated,insmalltimeintervals,each
timetheschemaisupdated.
schemamapping(n)~AspecialkindoftransformationwherebyanXMLdocumentis
convertedfromoneXMLschematoanother.
schemamaster(n)~Adomaincontrollerthatholdstheschemaoperationsmasterrolein
ActiveDirectory.Theschemamasterperformswriteoperationstothedirectoryschema
andreplicatesupdatestoallotherdomaincontrollersintheforest.Atanytime,the
schemamasterrolecanbeassignedtoonlyonedomaincontrollerintheforest.
schemarowset(n)~Aspeciallydefinedrowsetthatreturnsmetadataaboutobjectsor
functionalityonaninstanceofSQLServerorAnalysisServices.Forexample,theOLE
DBschemarowsetDBSCHEMA_COLUMNSdescribescolumnsinatable,whilethe
AnalysisServicesschemarowsetMDSCHEMA_MEASURESdescribesthemeasuresina
cube.
schemasnapshot(n)~Asnapshotthatincludesschemaforpublishedtablesandobjects
requiredbyreplication(triggers,metadatatables,andsoon),butnotuserdata.
schemavalidation(n)~TheverificationthattheXMLofaprocedureconformstothe
provisioningschemaofMicrosoftProvisioningFramework(MPF).Thisschemacontains
thegenericXMLelementsandattributesavailabletoinvokespecificprovisioning
functionality.
schema-aware(adj)~Pertainingtoaprocessingmethodbasedonaschemathatdefines
elements,attributesandtypesthatwillbeusedtovalidatetheinputandoutputdocuments.
schema-scopedobject(n)~Anobjectthatbelongstoaschema.
Schematron(n)~ApartofanISOstandard(DSDL:DocumentSchemaDescription
Languages)designedtoallowmultiple,well-focusedXMLvalidationlanguagestowork
together.
scheme(n)~Apredefinedsetofharmonizedcolorsthatyoucanapplytotextandobjects.
Textandobjectswithanappliedschemecolorwillchangeautomaticallywhenyouswitch
toanewcolorschemeormodifythecurrentcolorscheme.
schemecolor(n)~Oneofthecolorsdefinedinasetofchosencolors.Ifyoufillanobject
withaschemecolor,theobject’scolorchangeswheneveryouchooseanothercolor
schemeforthatpublication.
Scissors(PN)~AtoolthatletsyousplitaBezierorB-Splinepathataparticularlocation.
SCL(n)~Thenormalizedvaluethatisassignedtoane-mailmessage.Thisvalue
indicates,basedonthecharacteristicsofthemessage,suchasthecontent,messageheader,
andsoforth,thelikelihoodthatthemessageisspam.Thisvalueispersistedwiththe
messagewhenthemessageissenttootherExchangeservers.
SCM(n)~Aservercapableofmanipulating(i.e.startingandstopping)servicesremotely
onothermachines.
SCM(n)~Thepowersupplythatcontrolspoweringupthecomputermotherboardandall
otherdevicesthatrequirepowerinthesystem.TheSCMoperatesatalltimeswhenthe
systemispluggedintoanelectricaloutlet.
SCMstatusindicatorlights(n)~Asetofthreelightsthatgivesadetailedstatusofa
Surfaceunit.Theselightsarepartofthesystemcontrolmodule(SCM)intheI/O
connectionsarea.Onvenueunits,youmustremovetheappropriateendpaneltoview
theselights.Ondeveloperunits,theendpanelisremovedandyoucanalwaysviewthese
lights.
SCODE(n)~Adata-typewhichspecifiesaparticularwarningorerrorcode.
scope(n)~Theextenttowhichanidentifier,suchasanobjectorproperty,canbe
referencedwithinaprogram.Scopecanbeglobaltotheapplicationorlocaltotheactive
document.
scope(n)~Inamulticasttransmission,thereachofastream.Thescopeofamulticast
transmissioncanbesettoreacheitheranimmediatesubnetworkonlyortheentire
Internet.
scope(n)~Thepartsofthevisionforthesolutionthatcanbeaccomplishedwithinthe
constraintsofagivenversion.Negotiatingthescopeofaprojectbalancescustomerneeds
anddesiresagainsttechnologicalandbusinessconstraints.
scope(n)~Therangeanddepthofasearchonaportalsite,desktoporother.
scope(n)~Thesetofdatathatisbeingsynchronized.
scope(v)~TodefinetheextentofaviewoftheUIAutomationtree,startingfromabase
element.
scope(n)~Thesetofpublicandprivatecloudstowhichauserrolehasaccess.
Scope(n)~IntheBusinessRuleseditor,theUIstringthatreferstowhetherthebusiness
ruleappliestoallformsorisspecifictooneform.
SCOPEexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatspecifiesamembersetthatincludes,
explicitlyorimplicitly,amemberfromeverydimensioninthemodel.
scopeidentifier(n)~AGUIDthatuniquelyidentifiesascopewithinasitecollection.
scopeoforganizationcontrol(n)~Thedirectorindirectamountofcontrolthatan
operatingunithasovertheoutputofaprocess.
SCOPEstatement(n)~AprogramelementthatevaluatesaSCOPEexpression.
scorecard(n)~Areporttypethatdepictsorganizationalperformancebydisplayinga
collectionofkeyperformanceindicators(KPIs)togetherwithperformancetargetsfor
thoseKPIs.Ascorecardcanbeorganizedhierarchically.
scorecardelement(n)~Anyoneoftheindividualcomponentsofascorecard,suchaskey
performanceindicators(KPIs),members,properties,actuals,targets,orMDXexpressions.
scorecardindicator(n)~Asetofgraphics,text,andcolorsfordefiningdifferentlevelsof
performancewhencomparinganactualvalueandatargetvaluewithinaKPI.
scorecardview(n)~AhierarchicalarrangementoftheKPIsandobjectivesthatare
containedinascorecard.Ascorecardviewalsocanbeconfiguredtoincludeadditional
datafromscorecarddatasources.
ScorecardView(n)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstoviewandinteractwithscorecardviews
thatarecreatedinBusinessScorecardBuilder.
ScorecardViewerforReportingServices(PN)~Aninterfacethatisusedfordeploying
dashboardstoSQLServer2005ReportingServices.Withthisinterface,youcanview
dashboardscorecardsinReportDefinitionLanguage(RDL)format.
ScorecardWebPart(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstoviewandinteractwith
scorecardsthatarecreatedinPerformancePointDashboardDesigner.
scoringexperiment(n)~Thefirstoutcomeofamachinelearningprocessaftertraininga
predictiveanalyticsmodeltohaveawebserviceuserscansenddatatoandreceive
predictions.
scout(n)~AfeatureaccessedfromSearchorMapsthatdisplaysthingstoseeanddo,
shopping,andrestaurantsinauser’scurrentlocationandthesurroundingarea.
SCP(PN)~Alightweightprotocolthatenablessmalldevicestocommunicatewitheach
otheroverlow-speednetworks.
SCR(n)~Areplicationthatusesthesamelogshippingandreplaytechnologyusedby
localcontinuousreplication(LCR)andclustercontinuousreplication(CCR)toprovide
addeddeploymentoptionsandconfigurations.
scrap(n)~Anapplicationorsystemfilemaintainedforstoringdatathathasbeenmarked
formovement,copying,ordeletion.
scrap(n)~Wastethatoccursduringthemanufacturingprocess.
scrapvalue(n)~Theexpectedcashvalueoftheassetattheendofitsusefullife.
Scrapbook(PN)~Afeaturedesignedtohelpusersmanagerandomclippingsandtidbits
ofinfo.
scratcharea(n)~Thegrayorlight-blueareathatsurroundsapage.Youcanuseitto
temporarilyholdobjectsthatarenotcurrentlyonthepage.
scratchdirectory(n)~Atemporarydirectoryusedbytheoperatingsystemorsomeother
programtotemporarilystoredatauntilthecurrentsessionisterminated.
scratchpartition(n)~Atemporarypartitionusedbytheoperatingsystemorsomeother
programtotemporarilystoredata.
scratch-outgesture(n)~Agesturethaterasesink.Youperformthegesturebymoving
thetabletpenfromsidetosideseveraltimes,coveringtheinkthatyouwanttoerase,
withoutliftingthepen.Whenyouliftthepen,theinkdisappears.
screen(n)~ThegraphicportionofavisualoutputdeviceorSurfaceunit.
screen(n)~Awindowthatcoversthefullareaofadisplayscreen.
screenclipping(n)~Animagethatshowsallorpartofacomputerscreenorother
display.
screenfont(n)~Atypefacedesignedfordisplayonacomputermonitorscreen.Ascreen
fontoftenhasanaccompanyingPostScriptfontforprintingtoPostScript-compatible
printers.
screenlanguage(n)~UItextlanguageforaspecificuser.
Screenmagnifier(PN)~Anaccessibilityfeaturethatallowsuserstomagnifyspecified
areasofthescreentoimprovereadability.
screenreader(n)~Anappthatreadswhatisdisplayedonascreenandconvertstheinput
forpresentationbymeansofnon-visualoutputdevices.
ScreenRecording(PN)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertorecordon-screenactivity,and
embedsthevideoautomaticallyinPowerPoint.
screenresolution(n)~Thesettingthatdetermineshowmuchinformationisdisplayedon
thecomputerscreen,measuredhorizontallyandverticallyinpixels.Atlowerscreen
resolutions,suchas640x480,feweritemsfitonthescreen,buttheyarelargerandeasier
tosee.Athigherresolutions,suchas1600x1200,moreitemsfitonthescreenandthey
appearsmaller.
screenreviewutility(n)~Anaccessibilityaidforpeoplewhoareblindorhavelearning
disabilities,suchasdyslexia.Theseaidsmakeon-screeninformationavailableas
synthesizedspeechorarefreshableBrailledisplay.
screenrotation(PN)~Asettingthatdeterminesifthescreenwillrotateautomatically
whenthephoneisrotated.
screensaver(n)~Autilitythatcausesamonitortoblankoutordisplayacertainimage
afteraspecifiedamountoftimepasseswithoutthekeyboardbeingtouchedorthemouse
beingmoved.Touchingakeyormovingthemousedeactivatesthescreensaver.
screensharing(n)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstosharetheirdesktopswithcontacts.
screentime-out(n)~Asettingthatspecifiesanamountoftimebeforethescreenturnsoff
andthephonelocksitself.
screenedsubnet(n)~OneormorecomputersthathaveaconnectiontotheInternet
throughanexternalscreeningrouterandaconnectiontotheinternalnetworkthroughan
interiorscreeningrouter.Computersthatarelinkedtotheperimeternetworkhavelimited
accesstoboththeInternetandtheinternalnetwork.Thisarchitectureisconvenientif
multiplehostsrequiredirectInternetaccess.
screeningtype(n)~Themethodofscreeningthatisappliedbeforefilesaresaved.
Examplesareactivescreeningandpassivescreening.
Screensaver~Aprogramthatblanksthecomputerscreenordisplaysimagesifyoudon’t
doanythingforafewminutes,inWindowsforexample.Earlyscreenscouldhaveimages
literallyburnedpermanentlyontothetubeifleftdisplayingthesamethingallday.Much
lessofaproblemwithmodernscreens,andthesedaysscreensaversaremostlyusedfor
security(withapasswordtoreturntonormalmode),orjustforfun.
ScreenTip(n)~Asmallpop-upwindowthatprovidesabriefnoteorlabelpertainingto
theitemorcontrolbeingpointedto.
ScreenTip(n)~AnewtypeofScreenTipthatislargerandcancontainmoredetailed
information,includinggraphics.
scRGB(n)~Astandardcolorspacethatenablesvariousdevicesincludingcameras,
scanners,displays,andprinterstoproducereasonablyidenticalcolors.scRGBis
optimizedforgreaterthan8bitsperchannelwithagammaof1.0,andwhitepointand
primariesidenticaltosRGB.ThescRGBcolorspaceisbasedonsRGBbutoffersalarger
colorgamutandprecisionbyencodingvaluesover1.0(white)andunder0.0(black)with
morebitsperchannel.
Scribble(n)~Atoolthatletsyoudrawfreeformdrawingsusingthemouse,asifthey
weredrawnwithapen.
script(n)~Atypeofprogramconsistingofasetofinstructionstoanapplicationortool
program.Ascriptusuallyexpressesinstructionsbyusingtheapplication`sortool`srules
andsyntax,combinedwithsimplecontrolstructuressuchasloopsandif/thenexpressions.
script~Aseriesofstatements,writteninascriptinglanguagesuchasAppleScriptorPerl,
thatinstructanapplicationortheoperatingsystemtoperformvariousoperations.
Interpreterprogramstranslatescripts.
scriptanchor(n)~ThevisualrepresentationofascriptonaWebpagethatyouopenina
MicrosoftOfficeprogram.
scriptcommand(n)~AcommandassociatedwithadesignatedtimeinWindowsMedia-
basedcontent.Thedatacanbeusedbyplayerstoperformaspecificactionsuchas
displayingaWebpage.
scriptengine(n)~Aprogramthatinterpretsandexecutesascript.
scriptfile(n)~Acollectionofscriptingcommands,parametersandexpressionsthat
enablesyoutoautomatetasksorperformbulkoperationsrepeatedly.
scriptfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsscriptingcommands,parameters,andexpressionsthat
provideinformationto,andretrieveitfrom,theremotecomputeryouareconnectingto.
Thisinformationincludesyourusernameandpassword,portinformation,carriage
returns,linefeeds,andpauses.
scriptinjectionattack(n)~Anattackthatattemptstosendexecutablescriptstoyour
applicationwiththeintentofhavingotherusersrunit.Atypicalscriptinjectionattack
sendsscripttoapagethatstoresthescriptinadatabase,sothatanotheruserwhoviews
thedatainadvertentlyrunsthecode.
scriptpane(n)~ThetexteditorportionoftheTableDesigner.
ScriptedHostPackage(n)~Thehostpackageinitiatedbyascript.
scriptingengine(n)~Aprogramthatinterpretsandexecutesascript.
scriptinginterface(n)~Theinterfacethroughwhichscriptinglanguagesaccessand
manipulateapplication-specificobjects.
scriptlet(n)~AWebpagebasedonDynamicHTML(DHTML)thatyoucanuseasa
controlinanyapplicationthatsupportscontrols.ThescriptletisacompleteWeb-ready
.htmfile,butitincludesinformationthatallowsyoutoworkwithitasacontrol-€”youcan
getandsetitsproperties,callitsmethods,andsoon.
scroll(v)~Tomoveadocumentorotherdatainawindowinordertoviewaparticular
portionofthedocument.Scrollingmaybecontrolledbythemouse,arrowkeys,orother
keysonthekeyboard,eventuallywithoneormorefingers.
scrollarrow(n)~Acomponentofascrollbarthatallowstheinformationtobescrolled
bydefinedincrementswhentheuserclicksit.Thedirectionofthearrowindicatesthe
directioninwhichtheinformationscrolls.
scrollarrowbutton(n)~Acomponentofascrollbarthatallowstheinformationtobe
scrolledbydefinedincrementswhentheuserclicksit.Thedirectionofthearrowindicates
thedirectioninwhichtheinformationscrolls.
scrollbar(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatsupportsscrolling.
scrollbarshaft(n)~Thecomponentofascrollbarthatprovidesthevisualcontextforthe
scrollbox.Clickinginthescrollbarshaftscrollstheinformationbyascreenful.
scrollboundaries(n)~Theminimumandmaximumscrollpositionsthatausercanpanor
scrollbetween.-Scrollboundariesallowvirtualizedcontrolsto-€œreserve-€?additional
spaceatthebeginningorendofthepanningregiontoplacenewcontent.
scrollbox(n)~Acomponentofascrollbarthatindicatestherelativeposition(and
optionallytheproportion)ofthevisibleinformationrelativetotheentireamountof
information.Theusercandragthescrollboxtoviewareasofinformationnotcurrently
visible.
SCROLLLOCKkey(n)~OntheIBMPC/XTandATandcompatiblekeyboards,akey
onthetoprowofthenumerickeypadthatcontrolstheeffectofthecursorcontrolkeys
andsometimespreventsthescreenfromscrolling.OntheenhancedandMacintosh
keyboards,thiskeyistotherightofthefunctionkeysonthetoprow.Manymodern
applicationsignoretheScrollLocksetting.
Scrolltab(n)~Atabthatsupportsscrolling.
scrollwheel(n)~Ahardplasticdisconamousethatisperpendiculartothemouse
surface.Itisnormallylocatedbetweentheleftandrightmousebuttonsandisusedfor
scrolling.
Scroll,Banner(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Scroll,Inverted(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Scroll,Perspective(v)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Scroll,scroll-bar~Toscrollsomethingistomoveitupordownthescreen,soyoucan
seewhatisaboveorbelowthecurrentposition,forexampleatawebsite.Ascroll-barisa
barontheright-handside(usually)ofawindowwhichallowsyoutomovethe-textetcup
anddownthescreenwithamouse.Ifthewindowistoowidetofitthescreentherewillbe
ascroll-baratthebottom,soyoucanscrollthetextleftandrighttoo.
Scroll,UpSide-by-Side(n)~AcreditanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Scroll,UpStacked(n)~AcreditanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
scroller(n)~Agridviewthatallowsyoutohorizontallyand/orverticallyscrollcontent
suchasaudio,videos,photosortextthatcannotfitwithinthespaceprovidedorthe
screen.
scroll-fed(adj)~Of,pertainingto,ordescriptiveofanopticaloutputdevice(suchasa
scanner,copierorprinter)whosesheetsofpapertoprocessareloadedone-by-oneusinga
rollerpickup.
scrollingcombobox(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatcombinesthecharacteristics
ofatextboxwithascrollinglistbox.
scrollingregion(n)~Acontrolthatcontainsothercontrolsandthatcandisplayverticalor
horizontalscrollbars.Scrollingregionsareusedforlayoutpurposesonlyandarenot
boundtofieldsorgroupsinthedatasource.
scrollingspeed(n)~ThevelocityatwhichthePortableMediaCenteruserinterface
scrollsthroughlistsandscreenviews.
scrollingtextcontrol(n)~Acontrolorcomponentonapagethatdisplaysmovingtext.
scrub(v)~Tomovethetimelineplayheadmanuallyinordertopreviewananimation
storyboard.
scrubber(n)~Adataintegrityscannerwhichperiodicallyscansthevolume,attemptingto
identifylatentcorruption,andthenproactivelytriggeringarepairofthatcorruptdata.
SCSI(n)~Astandardhigh-speedparallelinterfacedefinedbytheAmericanNational
StandardsInstitute(ANSI).ASCSIinterfaceisusedforconnectingmicrocomputersto
peripheraldevices,suchasharddisksandprinters,andtoothercomputersandlocalarea
networks(LANs).
SCSI~(SmallComputerSystemsInterface;pr.‘scuzzy’)Asystemforcontrollinghard
disks,tapedrives,andvariousotheradd-ons.SometimesusedforaPC’smainharddisk,
butmoreoftenthemainharddiskiscontrolledbyan-EIDE-controllerbuiltintothe
motherboard.ASCSIcontrollerwouldusuallybeinstalledasanexpansionboard.SCSIis
abitfasterthanEIDE,butmoreexpensive.
SCSIinitiator(n)~ThedeviceinaSCSIconnectionthatissuescommands.Thedevice
thatreceivesthecommandsisthetarget.
SCSIreserve(n)~Theprocessthatoccurswhentheclusternodethatownedthequorum
resourcefailsorisunavailable,andtheremainingnodesdeterminewhichnodewilltake
ownership.
SCW(n)~Atoolthatautomatessecuritybestpracticestoreducetheattacksurfacefora
server.TheSCWwasintroducedwithWindowsServer2003ServicePack1.
SD(PN)~Avideoformatwiththesameresolutionastraditionaltelevision.
SDcard(n)~Amemorycardaboutthesizeofapostagestampthatissupportedbymany
typesofdevices.
SDI(n)~AfeatureinWindowswhichfacilitatesthepreparationandmaintenanceofrun-
timeimages.
SDI(n)~Aspecificationaccordingtowhicheachopendocumentoccupiesitsown
windowintheUI,thoughonlyasingleinstanceoftheprogramapplicationisrunning.
SDK(n)~Asetofroutines(usuallyinoneormorelibraries)designedtoallowdevelopers
tomoreeasilywriteprogramsforagivencomputer,operatingsystem,oruserinterface.
SDL(PN)~Asoftwaredevelopmentprocessbasedontheclassicalspiralmodeltoreduce
thenumberofsecurity-relateddesignandcodingdefectsandtheseverityofanydefects
thatareleft,thusreducingsoftwaremaintenancecostswhileincreasingreliabilityof
softwareconcerningsoftwaresecurity-relatedbugs.
SDLC(n)~Atypeoflinkserviceusedformanagingsynchronousdatatransferover
standardtelephonelines(switchedlines)orleasedlines.Thedatatransmissionprotocol
mostwidelyusedbynetworksconformingtoIBM’sSystemsNetworkArchitecture
(SNA).SDLCissimilartotheHDLC(High-levelDataLinkControl)protocoldeveloped
bytheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO).
SDMI(n)~Anorganizationthatsetsstandardsforsecuredigitalmusic.Oneofthemain
goalsofSecureDigitalMusicInitiative(SDMI)istocreateaframeworkforthesecure
playing,storing,anddistributionofdigitalmusic.
SDV(n)~Digitalvideoorservicethatisnotmadeavailableonthenetworkorsystem
untilrequestedbyacustomer.
SEteam(n)~AteamwithinMicrosoftthatproduceshotfixes.
seal(v)~Tostoredatainsuchawaythatitcanberetrievedlaterbythesamesecurity
supportcomponent,andonlybythatsecuritysupportcomponent.
seal(n)~TheprocessthatBitLockerDriveEncryptionusestoencryptthevolumemaster
keyandcreateabinarylargeobject(BLOB).
sealedcasePC(n)~AchassistypethatcanbereportedbytheWin32_SystemEnclosure
classinWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)andthatreferstoacomputer
whosecaseisnotmeanttobeopenedbyanyonebuttheoriginalequipmentmanufacturer.
sealingsignature(n)~Asignaturethatisappliedtoanalreadysignedfiletoensurethat
anypreviouslyunsignedportionofthefileissigned.
seamless~Insoftware,itmeansthatwhattakesplacebetweentheuserandthe
applicationorapplicationsaccessedbytheuserisperfectlysmoothtotheuserandthe
softwarebeingusedbytheuserwillworkeasilywithothersoftwaretheuserisusing.
seamlessapplication(n)~AsoftwareprogrampublishedoverRemoteDesktopProtocol
thatallowsuserstoconnectdirectlytotheprogramratherthantheentiredesktopanduse
theprogramexactlythesamewayaslocallyinstalledsoftware.
seamlessly(Adverb)~Withoutanyproblems,withoutdificulty,perfectly,impeccably.
Doesnotneedtobecorrectedlater.
search(n)~Theprocessofseekingaparticularfileorspecificdata.Asearchiscarried
outbyaprogramthroughcomparisonorcalculationtodeterminewhetheramatchto
somepatternexistsorwhethersomeothercriteriahavebeenmet.
search(v)~Totrytolocateanobject(afile,afolder,acomputer,atext).
Search(v)~TheUIelementthatinitiatestheprocessofseekingaparticularfileor
specificdata.Asearchiscarriedoutbyaprogramthroughcomparisonorcalculationto
determinewhetheramatchtosomepatternexistsorwhethersomeothercriteriahave
beenmet.
Search(n)~Asearchfeatureassociatedwithfoldersandprogramsthatbeginstodisplay
resultsassoonasakeywordisentered.Whenyouentertext,filesinthecurrentvieware
automaticallyfilteredtoshowonlythosethatmatchwhatyoutyped.
Search(PN)~TheareainSettingswhereyoucansetyourpreferencesfortheinstance’s
searchconfiguration.
Search(PN)~Theservicethatallowsdeveloperstoincorporatesearchcapabilitiesinto
theirapplicationswithouthavingtoworryaboutthecomplexitiesoffull-textsearchand
withouthavingtodeploy,maintainormanageanyinfrastructure.
Search(PN)~ThemenuoptionintheOffice365ComplianceCenterthatallowsusersto
searchmail,files,andsites,specifyingcriteriaongroups,people,orlocations,andthen
takecomplianceactionsontheresults.
SearchAdministrationWebService(PN)~Aserviceoverwhichtheadministration(that
isallthemethodsnecessarytocontroltheSearchservice,suchasstartingcontentsource
indexcrawls,updatingscopes,etc.)oftheMicrosoftOfficeSharePointSearchservice
takesplace.
SearchAlerts(n)~Afeaturethatmonitorsauser’ssavedsearchesandsendsregularE-
mailsummarieswithnewandupdatedmatchingresults.Theusercanprovidefeedbackon
theresultstotunethesavedsearchqueryforbetterresults.
searchandpincalendars(n)~Afeaturethatenablesausertosearchforanotheruser’sor
group’scalendarandpinittotheircalendarlist.
searchbox(n)~Atextboxinwhichsomeonetypeswordstobeginasearch.
SearchBuilder(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethathelpsuserstobuildbetterqueriesby
enablingthemtoclickonsuggestedfilters,basedonwhattheuseristyping,toaddthem
toasearch.
Searchbutton(n)~Thebuttonnexttoasearchboxthatsomeoneclickstosearchfor
something.
Searchby(Adverb)~Pertainingtoasearchprocessenabledbyaparticulartechnology.
Searchcharm(n)~Auserinterfaceelementthatprovidesaccesstosearchinappsoron
thePC.
searchcondition(n)~InaWHEREorHAVINGclause,predicatesthatspecifythe
conditionsthatthesourcerowsmustmeettobeincludedintheSQLstatement.
searchconnector(n)~Asearchlocationexposedvia.osdxtemplatesandmadepossible
viatheOpenSearchtechnology.Itconnectsthelocalsearchindexertoaremoteindexand
providestheenduserwiththeabilitytosearchforfilesonaWebsiteoronanintranetsite
fromwithinWindows.
searchconnector(n)~AnXMLfilethatspecifieshowtoconnectto,sendqueriesto,and
receiveresultsfromalocation.
Searchcontract(n)~Thecontractthatdeliversasystem-wideentrypointtotheWindows
searchexperience.
searchengine(n)~Aprogramthatsearchesforkeywordsindocuments,databases,
Internetcontentorotherfiles.
Searchengine~Awebsitedirectorywhichindexesasmanywebsitesasitcanandallows
youtosearchitsdatabaseforsitesonparticularsubjects.Becauseoftheimmensesizeand
rateofgrowthoftheworldwideweb,no-onehasacompletedirectoryofallsiteswhich
exist.Themostpopularis-Google,sopopularthatit’snamehasbecomeaverb.
searchengineoptimization(n)~TheactofmodifyingthepagesofaWebsitesothatits
contentismoreeasilydiscoverablebyInternetsearchengines.
searchfilter(n)~Atermthatcanbeaddedtoasearchtofiltertheresultsbyaspecific
property(forexample,byauthor).Relevantsearchfiltersappearunderthesearchboxin
anyopenfolder.
searchfolder(n)~Avirtualfolderthatdisplaysitemsbasedonspecifiedsearchcriteria.
searchfolder(n)~ThesearchfolderthatiscreatedbytheILMAdd-inforOutlook2007
andthatprovidestheuserwithawaytoseependingandcompletedapprovals,and
approvalrequestupdates.
SearchFolders(n)~Virtualfoldersthatcontainviewsofalle-mailitemsmatching
specificsearchcriteria.TheitemsremainstoredinoneormoreOutlookfolders.
SearchHistory(n)~AfeatureinBingthatshowsthewordsyousearchedforandthesites
you’vevisited,alongwiththedateandtimeofyoursearch.
Searchicon(n)~Aniconvisibleinsomescreensofthephone,tappedtoactivatethe
Searchfunction.Context-sensitive.
searchkey(n)~Thevaluethatistobesearchedforinadocumentoranycollectionof
data.
SearchonWeb(PN)~?Afeaturethatenablestheusertostartawebsearchfromtextthat
isselectedwithinadocument.
searchpage(n)~ApagefromwhichyoucanfindandgotootherInternetsitesorto
documentsonanintranet.Manysearchpagesprovidevariouswaystosearch,suchasby
topic,bykeyword,orbymatchestouserqueries.
searchphrase(n)~Termorsentencethatisusedinasearchruletoformulateaquery.
SearchPrediction(PN)~Afeaturethatautomaticallycorrectssearchesformisspellings,
alternativespellingsorotherinputthatwouldotherwisereducethenumberorqualityof
theresults.
searchpreview(n)~Afeaturethatdisplaysathumbnailpreviewnexttoeachsearch
result.Pointingtothepreviewenlargesit.
searchprovider(n)~AcomponentorapplicationthatprovidesdatatoWindowsSearch.
searchquery(n)~Asetofkeywordsortermsthatformasearchtopicbydefining
languages,sources,searchterms,inclusions,andexclusions.
searchrefiner(n)~Anadvancedfeaturethatenablesausertoapplyfiltersonproperties
suchaspeople,folder,andattachments.
Searchrefiner(PN)~TheUIelementinOutlookthatshowsoptionsthatallowsusersto
broadenornarrowemailsearches.
searchresults(n)~Thelistofanswerstoasearchrequestthatmatchthesearchcriteria
specifiedbytheuser.
searchschema(n)~Adatastructurethatdescribescrawledproperties,managed
properties,andthemappingbetweenthem.
searchscope(n)~Therangeanddepthofasearchonaportalsite,desktoporother.
searchscope(n)~Acollectionofdatastores(identifiablebyURL)thatrepresentscontent
thattheindexercrawlsandindexes.
Searchserviceapplication(n)~ASharePointserviceapplicationthatisdeployedand
managedonpremisesandthatenablesenterprisesearchfunctionality.
searchsettingsdatabase(n)~Thedatabasethatstoressearchfeaturesettingswhich
includebutarenotlimitedtoqueryrulesandthesearchschema.
Searchsetup(PN)~Theproceduretocreatesearchrulesinsearchtopics,whichdefines
thedatatoacquire.
SearchSuggestions(n)~Searchsuggestionsappearwhenausertypesinthesearchbox.
Donotuseautosuggest”
searchtag(n)~Abuttonthatcontainsasuggestedsearchtermbasedonwhatcontentthe
userhasinhis/hersway.
Searchtasksandtemplates(v)~Thenameofasearchboxwheretheusercanenter
keywordsandlookfortasksandtemplatesthatmatchthequery.
searchterm(n)~Phrase,sentence,orasinglewordthatisusedinasearchruleto
formulateaquery.
searchtopic(n)~Someoneorsomethingthatpeopletalkorwriteabout.
SearchTopicCategory(PN)~Agroupofrelatedsearchtopics.
searchvertical(n)~Atargetedsearchexperiencethatdisplaysresultsthatarecustom
filteredandformattedforaspecificcontenttypeorclass,suchaspeopleorvideos.
SearchVirtualFolder(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertogroupsearchfilesbyany
criteriaanddisplaytheminoneplace.
searchablemanagedproperty(n)~Amanagedpropertywhosevaluecanbereturnedby
aquery.
Search-DrivenNavigation(PN)~Asetofcontrolsthathelpsusersnavigatedirectlyto
wheretheywanttogoinSharePoint,withouthavingtonavigatethehierarchyoreditthe
URL.
search-firstmigration(n)~AprocessinwhichonlythesearchsettingsfromaSharePoint
Server2007farmaremigratedtoanewSharePointServer2010farm.Thismakesit
possibletotakeadvantageoftheend-userenterprisesearchcapabilitiesofSharePoint
Server2010intheeventthatitisnotpossibletoperformacompleteupgradefrom
SharePointServer2007.
SeaShell(PN)~ApropertyoftheBrushesclassin.NETFramework4.5thatgetsthesolid
fillcolorthathasahexadecimalvalueof#FFFFF5EE.
season(n)~Aconnectedsetofepisodesoreventsthatrununderthesametitle,usually
withinthecourseofoneyear.
seat(n)~Anindividualdevicesubscriptionlicensethatisrequiredforeachcomputerthat
accessestheservice
SeatingChart(n)~Acolor-codedrepresentationoftheparticipantsatameetingandtheir
statuses.
SeatingChartpanel(n)~TheLiveMeetingconsoleelementthatdisplaystheSeating
ChartforaLiveMeetingsession.
seats(n)~Actualnumberofusers,notthenumberofe-mailaddressesordomainsinan
organization.
secondelementcost(n)~Thecapitalexpenditureonanassetthatisincurredafteran
organizationstartstoholdit,suchascostofimprovingtheassetsinthepool.
Secondscreen(PN)~TheUIlabelthatindicates-ascreenormonitorthatisattachedtoa
PCandthatcontentcanbeprojectedonto.
secondarycalendar(n)~ThealternatecalendarthatisselectedfromwithinOutlook.The
secondarycalendarappearswhendualcalendarsupportisenabled.
secondaryclientcomputer(n)~Aclientcomputeronwhichsynchronizationdoesnot
takeplace.
secondarycustomer(n)~Acustomerthatislinkedtotheprimarycustomerinacustomer
relationship.
secondarydatasource(n)~AnXMLdatafile,database,orWebservicethatisusedbya
formfortheentriesinalistboxorforscriptactions.
secondarydatabase(n)~Aread-onlycopyofaprimarydatabase.
secondaryDPMserver(n)~ADPMserverthatprotectsoneormoreprimaryDPM
serversinadditiontofileandapplicationdata.
secondaryfeatureblock(n)~Theremainderoftheapplicationpackagethatisnot
containedintheprimaryfeatureblock.Thiscontentisstreamedtotheclientondemandas
applicationfeaturesareused.
secondaryprotection(n)~Atypeofprotectioninwhichdataontheprotectedserveris
protectedbyaprimaryDPMserverandthereplicaontheprimaryDPMserveris
protectedbyasecondaryDPMserver.
secondaryquotation(n)~Aquotationthatcompeteswithotherquotationsforthesame
goodorserviceandislinkedtoaprimaryquotation.
secondaryregion(n)~TheAzureregionwhereanactivesecondarydatabaseresides.
secondaryreplica(n)~Anavailabilityreplicathatmaintainsasecondarycopyofeach
availabilitydatabase,andservesasapotentialfailovertargetfortheavailabilitygroup.
secondaryserver(n)~Inalogshippingconfiguration,theserverinstancewherethe
secondarydatabaseresides.Atregularintervals,thesecondaryservercopiesthelatestlog
backupfromtheprimarydatabaseandrestoresthelogtothesecondarydatabase.The
secondaryserverisawarmstandbyserver.
secondarysite(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagersitethatdoesnothaveaccesstoa
SQLServerdatabase,isalwaysachildofaprimarysite,andisadministeredsolely
throughitsparentorthroughanotherprimarysiteaboveitintheSMS/Configuration
Managersitehierarchy.
secondarystorage(n)~Anydatastoragemediumotherthanacomputer’srandomaccess
memory(RAM),typicallytapeordisk.
secondarytile(n)~Ashortcuttoplaceswithinanapportoothercontent.
secondarywindow(n)~Awindowthatprovidesinformationorsupplementalinteraction
relatedtoobjectsinaprimarywindow.
secondaryzone(n)~Aread-onlycopyofaDNSzonethatistransferredfroman
authoritativeDNSservertoanotherDNSservertoprovideredundancy.
second-leveldomain(n)~Adomainnamethatisrootedhierarchicallyatthesecondtier
ofthedomainnamespacedirectlybeneaththetop-leveldomainnamesuchas.comand
.org.WhenDNSisusedontheInternet,second-leveldomainsarenamessuchas
microsoft.comthatareregisteredanddelegatedtoindividualorganizationsandbusinesses
accordingtotheirtop-levelclassification.Theorganizationthenassumesfurther
responsibilityforparentingmanagementandgrowthofitsnameintoadditional
subdomains.
secretanswer(n)~Ananswerthatonlytheuserknowsforaspecificquestion.The
answerisusedtoconfirmsomeone’sidentityiftheyforgettheirpassword.
secretchatroom(n)~IntheLyncpersistentchatfeature,aroomthathasbeensetupwith
themostrestrictedlevelofprivacy.Onlymembersofasecretchatroomcanfindit,see
whoisparticipatinginit,followit,orreadandpostinit.
secretkey(n)~Asymmetricencryptionkeysharedbytwoentities,suchasbetweena
userandthedomaincontroller(DC),withalonglifetime.Apasswordisacommon
exampleofasecretkey.WhenusedinacontextthatimpliesKerberosonly,aprincipal’s
secretkey.
secretkeyencryption(n)~Anencryptionalgorithmthatrequiresthesamesecretkeyto
beusedforbothencryptionanddecryption.Becauseofitsspeed,symmetricencryptionis
typicallyusedwhenamessagesenderneedstoencryptlargeamountsofdata.
SECT(n)~Thelocationofasectorwithinavirtualstream.
section(n)~Aportionofadocumentinwhichyousetcertainpageformattingoptions.
Youcreateanewsectionwhenyouwanttochangesuchpropertiesaslinenumbering,
numberofcolumns,orheadersandfooters.
section(n)~Acontrolthatcontainsothercontrols.
section(n)~Apartofaform,report,ordataaccesspagesuchasaheader,footer,ordetail
section.
section(n)~Alabeledgroupofconsecutiveslidesthathelpstheusernavigateand
organizepresentations.
section179(n)~AsectionoftheU.S.InternalRevenueServicetaxcodethatpermits
someproperty(fixedassets)tobeexpensedintheyearitispurchasedratherthan
depreciatedoveranumberofyears.
Section179(n)~AsectionoftheU.S.InternalRevenueServicetaxcodethatpermits
someproperty(fixedassets)tobeexpensedintheyearitispurchasedratherthan
depreciatedoveranumberofyears.
sectionbreak(n)~Anonprintingmarkyouinserttoshowtheendofasection.
sectionheader(n)~ThehorizontalbaraboveaformorreportsectioninDesignviewthat
displaysthetypeandnameofthesection.
sectionlayout(n)~Apre-definedlayoutthatuserscanselectfortheirInfoPathform
sections.Optionsincludesinglecolumn,two-column,three-column,andfour-column
layouts.
sectionmark(n)~The-§character.
SECTIONSIGN(n)~The-§character.
sector-basedimaging(n)~WhencreatingaWindowsimage,theprocessofcapturing
everynon-blanksectorintoaphysicalfile.ThisisnottheprocessusedbyImageX.
securable(n)~Entitiesthatcanbesecuredwithpermissions.Themostprominent
securablesareserversanddatabases,butdiscretepermissionscanbesetatamuchfiner
level.
securableobject(n)~AnythingintheSharePointenvironmentonwhichpermissionsor
permissionlevelscanbeset.
securebit(n)~Thebitinakeymessageusedtonotifythesupplicantandauthenticator
whenakeyexchangeiscompleteandalinkisconsideredsecure.Thebitissetto0(not
secure)or1(secure).
securechannel(n)~ASecuritySupportProvider(SSP)thatimplementstheSecure
SocketsLayer(SSL)andTransportLayerSecurity(TLS)Internetstandardauthentication
protocols.
securedesktop(n)~Adesktopthatisisolatedfromotherprocessesrunningonthe
system.Thesecuredesktopincreasesthesecurityoftheelevationprompt.
securedigitalcard(n)~Amemorycardaboutthesizeofapostagestampthatis
supportedbymanytypesofdevices.
SecureDigitalMusicInitiative(n)~Anorganizationthatsetsstandardsforsecuredigital
music.OneofthemaingoalsofSecureDigitalMusicInitiative(SDMI)istocreatea
frameworkforthesecureplaying,storing,anddistributionofdigitalmusic.
secureelement(n)~Achipcapableofsupportingsmartcardapplicationswithahighlevel
ofsecurity(i.e.forpaymentsortransactions).
SecureFTP(PN)~Aprotocolthatisusedtouploadconfigurationfilesoveranyreliable
datastream;forexample,touploadDirectoryServicesuserentriestotheAdministration
Center.
SecureFTPmode(n)~AmodeforuploadinganaddresslistfiletoDirectoryServicesvia
SecureFTP(SFTP).ThisisoneofthethreeuploadmodesinEHS.Thismodepermits
specifyingmultipledomainsperfile.
SecureHashAlgorithm1(PN)~Analgorithmthatgeneratesa160-bithashvaluefrom
anarbitraryamountofinputdata.SHA-1isusedwiththeDigitalSignatureAlgorithm
(DSA)intheDigitalSignatureStandard(DSS),amongotherplaces.
SecureHypertextTransferProtocol(n)~AprotocolthatprovidesasecureHypertext
TransferProtocol(HTTP)connection.
securenote(n)~Anyinformation(e.g.accountnumbers,sensitivedata,etc.)withatitle
andsomefree-formtextthatcanbestoredinasecuremannerinapersonalvault.
securepasswordauthentication(n)~Afeaturethatallowsaservertoconfirmthe
identityofthepersonloggingon.
securereceipt(n)~Asecuree-mailfeatureusedtocheckthatyourdigitalsignatureis
beingvalidatedbytherecipientssecuritysoftware.Ifyourdigitalsignatureisvalidated,a
notificationappearsinyourInbox.
securerepository(n)~Thesoftwaremoduleresponsibleforauthenticatingthevaliduse
ofprotectedcontentandprotectingtrustedsoftwareprocessingfrommodificationand
observation.
SecureSocketsLayer(PN)~Theprotocolthatimprovesthesecurityofdata
communicationbyusingacombinationofdataencryption,digitalcertificates,andpublic
keycryptography.SSLenablesauthenticationandincreasesdataintegrityandprivacy
overnetworks.SSLdoesnotprovideauthorizationornonrepudiation.
securestoredatabase(n)~ThedatabaseusedbytheSecureStoreServicetostore
credentials.
SecureStoreService(PN)~Thesharedservicethatsecurelystorescredentialsetsfor
externaldatasourcesandassociatesthosecredentialsetstoidentitiesofindividualsorto
groupidentities.Thisservicecanbeusedtosupportavarietyofsolutions.Forexample,
thestoredcredentialscanbeleveragedbycertainapplicationstoenablesinglesign-on.
securetransactiontechnology(n)~TheuseoftheSSL(SecureSocketsLayer),S-HTTP
(SecureHTTP),orbothinonlinetransactions,suchasformtransmissionorcreditcard
purchases.
securezone(n)~ADNSzonethatisstoredinActiveDirectoryandtowhichaccess
controllist(ACL)securityfeaturesareapplied.
Secure/MultipurposeInternetMailExtensions(n)~AnInternete-mailsecurity-
orientedprotocolthataddspublickeyencryptionandsupportfordigitalsignaturestothe
widelyusedMIMEe-mailprotocol.
securedconnection(n)~AconnectionestablishedoverasecureHTTPSchannel.
SecuredExecutionEnvironment(n)~Asecured(orisolated)containerwithinthe
firmwareormicrocodeofahardwarecomponentthatiscapableofhostingtheLower
ProvisioningModule(LPM)codeandprovidingitwithanexecutionenvironment.
security(n)~Protectionofacomputersystemanditsdatafromharmorloss.
Security(PN)~Anappcategorythathelpsprotectacomputeranditsdatafromharmor
loss.
SecurityAdministrator(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstoadministrative
userssothattheycanadd,remove,andmodifyadministrativeusersandtheir
administrativeassignments.
securityadministrator(n)~Anadministrativeuserwhohasbeengrantedthepermissions
toadd,remove,andmodifyadministrativeusersandtheiradministrativeassignments.
securityadministrator(n)~Auser,whoadministersalloftheprivilegedaccess
managementsystemsandisabletodefinePIMroles,andcandidates.
securityadvisory(n)~Anotificationaddressingasecuritychangethatmayaffectthe
securityofcustomers’computers.
Securityandmaintenance(PN)~AfeatureinControlPanelwhereuserscantake
actions,suchaschangingsettings,onfeaturesrelatedtosecurityandgeneralPCsoftware
maintenance.
SecurityAPI(PN)~AnAPIforassetprotection,usagecontrol,privacy,andpolicy
application.
securityassociation(n)~Acombinationofidentifiers,whichtogetherdefineInternet
Protocolsecurity(IPsec),thatprotectscommunicationbetweensenderandreceiver.
securityaudit(n)~Theprocessthattrackstheactivitiesofusersandrecordsselected
typesofeventsinthesecuritylog.
securityblanket(n)~Agroupofvaluesthatdescribethesecuritysettingsthatapplytoall
proxiesinaprocessortojustaparticularinterfaceproxy.
securitybreach(n)~Aneventthatcompromisesthesecurityofacomputer,application,
networkorotherresource.
SecurityCenter(PN)~Windowslaunchpointtomanagesecuritysettingsforautomatic
updates,internetoptions,orWindowsFirewall.
securitycertificate(n)~Adigitaldocumentthatiscommonlyusedforauthenticationand
tohelpsecureinformationonanetwork.Acertificatebindsapublickeytoanentitythat
holdsthecorrespondingprivatekey.Certificatesaredigitallysignedbythecertification
authoritythatissuesthem,andtheycanbeissuedforauser,acomputer,oraservice.
SecurityConfigurationWizard(n)~Atoolthatautomatessecuritybestpracticesto
reducetheattacksurfaceforaserver.TheSCWwasintroducedwithWindowsServer
2003ServicePack1.
securitycontext(n)~Thesecurityattributesorrulesthatarecurrentlyineffect.For
example,therulesthatgovernwhatausercandotoaprotectedobjectaredeterminedby
securityinformationintheuser’saccesstokenandintheobject’ssecuritydescriptor.
Together,theaccesstokenandthesecuritydescriptorformasecuritycontextfortheuser’s
actionsontheobject.
securitydescriptor(n)~Adatastructurethatcontainssecurityinformationassociated
withaprotectedobject.Securitydescriptorsincludeinformationaboutwhoownsthe
object,whocanaccessitandinwhatway,andwhattypesofaccessareaudited.
securityextension(n)~AcomponentinReportingServicesthatauthenticatesauseror
grouptoareportserver.
securityfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsadigitalcodethatmakesitpossibletosealmessages
ortoaddadigitalsignaturetomessages.Thisfilecanbestoredona3.5-inchdiskoron
yourcomputer’sharddisk.
securityfiltering(n)~AmethodofapplyingthesettingsofaGroupPolicyobject(GPO)
basedonsecurityprincipals.
securitygroup(n)~Agroupthatcanbelistedindiscretionaryaccesscontrollists
(DACLs)usedtodefinepermissionsonresourcesandobjects.Asecuritygroupcanalso
beusedasane-mailentity.Sendingane-mailmessagetothegroupsendsthemessageto
allthemembersofthegroup.
securityhole(n)~Anunintentionallyunprotectedentrypointintoanotherwisesecure
computer,component,application,orotheronlineresource.
securityhost(n)~Anauthenticationdevice,supplementaltostandardWindowsand
remoteaccessserversecurity,thatverifieswhetheracallerfromaremoteclientis
authorizedtoconnecttotheremoteaccessserver.
securityID(n)~InWindows-basedsystems,auniquevaluethatidentifiesauser,group,
orcomputeraccountwithinanenterprise.EveryaccountisissuedaSIDwhenitis
created.
securityidentifier(n)~InWindows-basedsystems,auniquevaluethatidentifiesauser,
group,orcomputeraccountwithinanenterprise.EveryaccountisissuedaSIDwhenitis
created.
securitykey(n)~AnidentifierusedbytwoAPPClogicalunits(LUs)tovalidatesecurity
whenasessionisactivated.Thesecuritykeyperformsafunctionsimilartothatofa
password,butattheLU-LUsessionlevelratherthanattheTP-conversationlevel.
securitylabel(n)~Asecuree-mailfeaturethatletsyouaddsensitivitylabels,suchas
InternalUseOnly,tothemessageheader.Securitylabelsinyourorganizationare
controlledbysecuritypoliciessetupbyyoure-mailadministrator.
securitylog(n)~Aneventlogcontaininginformationonsecurityeventsthatarespecified
intheauditpolicy.
securitymodel(n)~Amodelthatdefineshowaccesstodataiscontrolled.
securitymodel(n)~Astructurethatorganizesapplicationaccesscontrolpermissionsby
usingprivilege,duty,andbusinessprocessclassifiersandthatgrantspermissionsthatare
aggregatedintodutiestouserroleassignments.
securitypack(n)~Akindofmanagementpackthatcontainsthelogictomonitorthe
securityeventsforaspecifiedapplication.
securitypackage(n)~Thesoftwareimplementationofasecurityprotocol.Security
packagesarecontainedinsecuritysupportproviderdynamic-linklibraries(DLLs)orin
securitysupportprovider/authenticationpackageDLLs.
securitypolicy(n)~Theactivepolicyestablishedbytheadministratorthat
programmaticallygeneratesgrantedpermissionsforallmanagedcodebasedonthecode’s
requestedpermissions.Codethatrequiresmorepermissionsthanpolicywillgrantisnot
allowedtorun.
securitypolicy(n)~Aconditionorparameterusedforconfiguringsecuritysettingsin
ordertocontrolthelevelofsecurityonthedevice.
securityprincipal(n)~InWindows-basedcomputers,anaccount(suchasauser,security
group,device,orcomputer)thatcanbegrantedordeniedaccesstoresources.
securityprincipalname(n)~Anamethatuniquelyidentifiesauser,group,orcomputer
withinasingledomain.Thisnameisnotguaranteedtobeuniqueacrossdomains.
securityprotocol(n)~Aspecificationthatdefinessecurity-relateddataobjectsandrules
abouthowtheobjectsareusedtomaintainsecurityonacomputersystem.
securityquestion(n)~Aquestion,usuallyfromadrop-downlist,thatuserscanuseto
confirmtheiridentityandresettheirpasswordincasetheyhaveforgottenit.
securityrole(n)~Adefinedsetofapplicationaccessprivileges.Thesecurityrole
assignedtoauserdetermineswhichtaskstheusercanperformandwhichpartsoftheuser
interfacetheusercanview.Allusersmustbeassignedatleastonesecurityroleinorderto
accessthesystem.
securityscope(n)~Amethodthat,whenusedinconjunctionwithsecurityroles,limits
whichobjectsanadministrativeusercanuseandsee.
SecurityServer(PN)~Centroserverthathostsprimarysecurityrolesandworkloads.
securitysettings(n)~Settingsusedtospecifyprivacy,security,andlogonconfigurations
forWindows.
SecuritySuite~Asetofprogramsdesignedtoprotectacomputerfrom-malwareand
similarthreats.Usuallyconsistsofa-firewall,-antivirusprogram,anti-spyware-program,
andoftenananti-phishingprogram
securitysupportprovider(n)~Adynamic-linklibrary(DLL)thatimplementsthe
SecuritySupportProviderInterface(SSPI)bymakingoneormoresecuritypackages
availabletoapplications.Eachsecuritypackageprovidesmappingsbetweenan
application’SSPIfunctioncallsandanactualsecuritymodel’functions.Securitypackages
supportsecurityprotocolssuchasKerberosandNTLM.
SecuritySupportProviderInterface(n)~Acommoninterfacebetweentransport-level
applications,suchasMicrosoftRemoteProcedureCall(RPC),andsecuritysupport
providers(SSPs),suchasWindowsDistributedSecurity.SSPIallowsatransport
applicationtocalloneoftheSSPstoobtainanauthenticatedconnection.Thesecallsdo
notrequireextensiveknowledgeofthesecurityprotocol’sdetails.
Securitytab(PN)~AtabinafileorfolderPropertiesdialogboxthatallowstheuserto
set,view,change,orremovefileandfolderpermissions.
securitytest(n)~Atestthatlooksforattackpathsthatmightbeusedtogainaccessto
assets.
securitytoken(n)~Acryptographicallysigneddataunitthattransfersauthenticationand
authorizationinformation,basedonacredential.
securitytokenservice(n)~AWebservicethatissuessecuritytokens.Asecuritytoken
servicemakesassertionsbasedonevidencethatittruststowhoevertrustsit.To
communicatetrust,thisservicerequiresproof,suchasasecuritytokenorsetofsecurity
tokens,anditissuesasecuritytokenwithitsowntruststatement.(Notethatforsome
securitytokenformats,thiscansimplybeareissuanceorcosignature.)InActive
DirectoryFederationServices(ADFS),theFederationServiceisasecuritytokenservice.
SecurityTokenServiceDescriptor(n)~Amessagethatspecifiesaservicetobe
activated.
securitytrimmer(n)~Acomponentthatlimitssearchresultsatquerytimebasedonthe
identityoftheuserwhosubmittedthequery.
securitytrimming(n)~Theprocessoflimitingsearchresultsbasedontheidentityofthe
userwhosubmittedthequery.
securityupdate(n)~Abroadlyreleasedfixforaproduct-specificsecurity-related
vulnerability.Securityvulnerabilitiesareratedbasedontheirseveritywhichisindicated
intheMicrosoft’ssecuritybulletinascritical
securityupdatepackage(n)~Abroadlyreleasedfixforaproduct-specificsecurity-
relatedvulnerability.Securityvulnerabilitiesareratedbasedontheirseveritywhichis
indicatedintheMicrosoft’ssecuritybulletinascritical
securityvulnerability(n)~AvulnerabilityinaproductthatisaddressedbyaMicrosoft
securityupdateandsecuritybulletinoraservicepack.
security-critical(n)~Pertainingtoatypeormemberthataccessessecureresourcesand
canonlybeusedbyfullytrustedcodeinthe.NETFramework.
security-edgegateway(n)~Asecuritysolutionthatsegregatesoneportionofanetwork
fromanotherportion,allowingonlyauthorizednetworktraffictopassthroughaccording
totrafficfilteringrules.
security-enabledworkgroup(n)~AnAccessworkgroupinwhichuserslogonwitha
usernameandpasswordandinwhichaccesstodatabaseobjectsisrestrictedaccordingto
permissionsgrantedtospecificuseraccountsandgroups.
security-safe-critical(adj)~Pertainingtoatypeormemberthataccessessecureresources
andcanbesafelyusedbypartiallytrustedcodeinthe.NETFramework.
security-transparent(adj)~Pertainingtoatypeormemberthatispartiallytrustedand
thatcannotexposeaccesstoanyprotectedresourcesorfunctionality.
SEE(n)~Asecured(orisolated)containerwithinthefirmwareormicrocodeofa
hardwarecomponentthatiscapableofhostingtheLowerProvisioningModule(LPM)
codeandprovidingitwithanexecutionenvironment.
see+do(n)~Alistofattactions(placesandevents)inaspecificneighborhood.
seed(v)~Toaddadatabase,eitherablankdatabaseoracopyoftheproductiondatabase,
tothestoragegroupcopy.Thisbecomesthebaselinedatabaseforthepassivecopyofthe
storagegroup.
seed(n)~Aninitialvalueusedtogeneratepseudorandomnumbers.
seeding(n)~Theprocessofincludinginitialdatainaformorreport.
seeding(n)~Aprocessthatensuresthatindexreplicasonthesameindexpartitionremain
syncronizedduringregularoperationandduringrecovery.
seekerror(n)~Anerrorthatoccurswhentheread-writeheadoftheharddiskdrive
cannotbepositionedoverthedesignatedareaofthedisk.
segment(n)~InEDI,alogicalcombinationofelements.Forexample,nameandaddress
detailsarecombinedinonesegment.
segment(n)~Asectionofanaccountcodethatrepresentsatypeofentityforwhichyou
areaccounting.
segment(n)~Acustomerbasethatgroupsindividualsbyage,gender,geographic
location,andinterests,formarketingpurposes.
segment(n)~Aconcretesequenceofmediasamplesofatrackthatcorrespondtoa
particularintervalinanAppleHTTPLiveStreamingpresentation.
SegmentBuilder(PN)~Atoolthatenablesadvertiserstocreateandmanagecustom
segments,sothattheycantargetadstospecificsubsetsoftheirsitevisitors.
SegmentCatalog(PN)~Anonlinetoolforresearchingthebehavioraltargetingsegments
thatareavailableontheMicrosoftMediaNetwork,includingdetaileddemographicand
historicalsearchdata.
segmenttag(n)~InEDI,auniqueidentifierforasegment.WithinEDIFACT,for
example,segmenttagsarethree-letteruppercasecodesthatprefixtheelementswithina
document.InANSIX.12,thesegmenttagsaretwoorthree-letteruppercasecodes.A
segmenttagissimilartoarecordtypeidentifier.
segmentation(n)~Adataminingtechniquethatanalyzesdatatodiscovermutually
exclusivecollectionsofrecordsthatsharesimilarattributessets.
segmentation(n)~Theprocessofdefiningandsubdividingalistofcontactsintoclearly
identifiablepartsorsegments’thatmayhavesimilarneeds
segmentedaddressspace(n)~Anaddressspacethatislogicallydividedintochunks
calledsegments.Toaddressagivenlocation,aprogrammustspecifybothasegmentand
anoffsetwithinthatsegment.(Theoffsetisavaluethatreferencesaspecificpointwithin
thesegment,basedonthebeginningofthesegment.)Becausesegmentsmayoverlap,
addressesarenotunique;therearemanylogicalwaystoaccessagivenphysicallocation.
TheIntel80x86real-modearchitectureissegmented;mostothermicroprocessor
architecturesareflat.
SegmentedCycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionora
sequenceofstages,tasks,oreventsinacircularflow.Emphasizestheinterconnected
pieces.EachofthefirstsevenlinesofLevel1textcorrespondstoawedgeorpieshape.
Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
SegmentedProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionor
sequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.EmphasizesLevel2text,sinceeachline
appearsinaseparateshape.
SegmentedPyramid(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowcontainment,
proportional,orinterconnectedrelationships.ThefirstninelinesofLevel1textappearin
thetriangularshapes.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitch
layouts.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
SegoeUI(n)~AmemberoftheSegoefamilyoffontsusedinMicrosoftproductsforuser
interfacetext,aswellasforsomeonlineuserassistancematerial,intendedtoimprovethe
consistencyinhowusersseealltextacrossalllanguages.
segregationofduties(n)~Adesignprincipleusedtoreducetheriskoffraud,
irregularities,anderrorsthatseparatestherecording,verification,authorization,custody
ofassets,andperiodicreviewdutiesofpeoplewhoparticipatein,document,orrecordthe
financialconsequencesofeconomictransactions.
SEK(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofSweden.
select(v)~Tomarktext,cells,andsimilaritemsthatwillbesubjecttoauseraction,such
ascopyingtext.
select(v)~Toaddachecktoacheckboxtospecifyadesiredfeatureoroption.
SELECT(PN)~AWMIQueryLanguagestatementthatisusedtoretrieveinformation.
SQLsupportsqueriesacrossmultipletables,butWQLsupportsonlysingleclassqueries.
SelectAll(PN)~Selectsallthecontentinthecurrentfileorpage.
SelectAnnotationstool(v)~Anannotationtoolusedtoselectannotationsonaslideso
theycanbemoved,editedordeleted.
Selectpicture(v)~AbuttoninWorksthatopenstheInsertPicturedialog,wheretheuser
canbrowsetoanimagetobeinsertedasawatermark.
selectquery(n)~Aquerythatasksaquestionaboutthedatastoredinyourtablesand
returnsaresultsetintheformofadatasheet,withoutchangingthedata.
Selectwithoutsub-labels(v)~Anoptionthatselectsaparentlabelwithoutselectingits
children.
selectedobject(n)~Theobjecttowhichanycurrentmodifications,suchasproperty
changes,willapply.
selection(n)~Theportionofanon-screenfilethathasbeenmarkedassubjecttouser
action.
selectionanchor(n)~Thepointatwhichaselectionoperationwasinitiated.Thispoint
mightbeatthevisualbeginningorendoftheselection,dependingonhowtheusermade
theselection.Forexample,iftheusermakesatextselectionbymovingthemousepointer
fromtheendofasentencetoitsbeginning,theselectionanchorwillbeattheendofthat
sentence.
selectionappearance(n)~Thevisualdisplayofanobjectwhenithasbeenselected.
selectionend(n)~Thepointatwhichaselectionoperationends.Thispointmightbeat
thevisualbeginningorendoftheselection,dependingonhowtheusermadethe
selection.Forexample,iftheusermakesatextselectionbymovingthemousepointer
fromtheendofasentencetoitsbeginning,theselectionendwillbeatthebeginningof
thatsentence.
selectionhandle(n)~Agraphicalcontrolpointofanobjectthatprovidesdirect
manipulationsupportforoperationsofthatobject,suchasmoving,sizing,orscaling.
selectionhandle(n)~Ahandlethatappearsonobjectsortextinsertionpointswhenauser
tapsonthemmakingselectioneasier.
selectionnet(n)~Ameansofselectingmorethanoneshapeatatimebydraggingthe
Pointertooltodefineanareathatenclosesalltheshapestobeselected.
SelectionNettool(n)~Atoolthatdefinesarectangularareathatenclosesalltheshapes
tobeselected.
selectionrectangle(n)~Arectanglewithsizinghandlesthatsurroundsaselectedobject
orobjects.
Selectiontool(PN)~Atooltoselectanentirepath,shape,blockoftext,orgroupof
objects.
selectiveblend(n)~Ahigh-quality,efficientde-interlacingmethodthatcombinestwo
differentde-interlacingtechniquesinordertoretainasmuchdetailintheimageas
possiblewithoutintroducingartifacts.
selector(n)~Inacascadingstylesheetstyledefinition(orstylerule),theHTMLelement
linkedtoaparticularsetofstylepropertiesandvalues.
selfservice(n)~Aservicethatanemployeecancompleteindependently,suchas
completinganonlineaddresschangeform.
self-extractingfile(n)~Anexecutableprogramfilethatcontainsoneormorecompressed
textordatafiles.Whenauserrunstheprogram,ituncompressesthecompressedfilesand
storesthemontheuser’sharddrive.
self-healingtechnology(n)~Therelativecapacityofasystemtodynamicallyreallocate
availableresourcesinordertobeunaffected,ortoundergogracefuldegradation,when
subjectedtounfavorableenvironmentalfactors
selfie(n)~Aphotothatonehastakenofoneself,normallyusingasmartphoneoradigital
camera,thatisplannedtobeuploadedtoasocialmediawebsite.
self-join(n)~Ajoininwhichrecordsfromatablearecombinedwithotherrecordsfrom
thesametablewhentherearematchingvaluesinthejoinedfields.Aself-joincanbean
innerjoinoranouterjoin.Indatabasediagrams,aself-joiniscalledareflexive
relationship.
self-maintenance(n)~TheprocessinApplicationDiagnosticsbywhichthedatabase
automaticallymanagesdatagrowthandautomaticallypurgesolddatabyusingrules.
self-monitoringanalysisandreportingtechnologysystem(n)~Asystembywhich
technologyisusedtomonitorandpredictdeviceperformanceandreliability.ASMART
systememploysvariousdiagnosticteststodetectproblemswithdevices,withtheobject
ofincreasingproductivityandprotectingdata.
self-monitoring,analysis,andreportingtechnology(n)~Anindustry-standard,
reliability-predictionindicatorforbothIDE/ATAandSCSIharddiskdrives.SMART
providesearlywarningforsomeharddiskdrivefailuressothatcriticaldatacanbe
protected.
self-serviceBI(n)~Analytictoolsandprocessesthatenableusersinanorganizationto
accessdatatocreate,use,andsharereportswithoutrelyingonITforreportcreation.
self-servicebusinessintelligence(n)~Analytictoolsandprocessesthatenableusersinan
organizationtoaccessdatatocreate,use,andsharereportswithoutrelyingonITfor
reportcreation.
self-servicepolicy(n)~Acollectionofconfigurationsettingsthatdeterminethe
conditionsunderwhichauserorgroupcanmanagetheirownvirtualmachinesthrough
virtualmachineself-service.Theself-servicepolicyassignsvirtualmachinepermissions
andtemplates.Self-servicepoliciesareconfiguredforahostgroup.
Self-ServicePortal(n)~AWebinterfacethatisconfiguredbyanadministratorsothat
enduserscansearchknowledge,createrequests,andreadITannouncements.
self-serviceregistrationmodel(n)~ACertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)registration
modelinwhichacertificatesubscriberperformsorrequestscertificatemanagement
activitiesdirectlyusingaWeb-basedinterface.
self-servicerestore(n)~Aservicethatprovidesabasicdisasterrecoverycapabilityby
automaticallycreatingandmaintainingbackupsforupto30dayswhencreatinga
databasewithanyservicetiertoback-outunintentionalchangesorrecoveranaccidentally
deleteddatabase.
self-servicesignup(n)~Themethodbywhichausersignsupforacloudserviceandhas
anidentityautomaticallycreatedfortheminAzureActiveDirectorybasedontheiremail
domain.
Self-ServiceSiteCreation(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsmembersoftheAdministratorsite
grouptocreatesubsitesoffoftheirWebsites.
self-serviceuser(n)~Auserwhocreatesandmanageshisownvirtualmachine(s)within
acontrolledenvironmentbyusingtheVirtualMachineManagerSelf-ServicePortal.
Self-ServiceUserContent(n)~AnodeintheLibraryworkspacethatdisplaysthe
resources(forexample,.vhdfilesandscripts)thatself-serviceusershaveuploadedfor
authoringtemplatesandforsharingwithotherself-serviceusers.
Self-Serviceuserrole(PN)~Auserroleallowinguserstocreate,deploy,andmanage
theirownvirtualmachinesandservices.
self-signedcertificate(n)~Intheabsenceofacertificationauthority(CA)thatiscapable
ofissuingfileencryptioncertificates,acertificatethatisgeneratedanddigitallysigned
withitsownkey.
self-test(n)~Asetofoneormorediagnosticteststhatacomputerorperipheraldevice
(suchasaprinter)performsonitself.
self-trackingentity(n)~AnentitybuiltfromaTextTemplateTransformationToolkit
(T4)templatethathastheabilitytorecordchangestoscalar,complex,andnavigation
properties.
SellerDashboard(n)~Aserviceforsoftwaredeveloperstosubmitanddistribute
softwareappsthatsupportorenhanceMicrosofttechnologies,suchasMicrosoft
SharePoint,MicrosoftOffice,andMicrosoftAzure.
SellerDashboardAgreement(PN)~Anapplicationprovideragreementcustomersare
encouragedandremindedtoreadsothey’reawareofanyrestrictionsorlimitations
regardingtheuseoftheSellerDashboardservice.
sellerportal(n)~AviewintoDynamicsMarketingbyasalespersonsothesalesperson
canseewhatmarketingcampaignshavebeensenttopotentialcustomers.
sellingperiod(n)~Theperiodoftimebetweenanitemorrightreceiptdateandits
expirationdate.
semanticerror(n)~Anerrorinmeaning;astatementinaprogramthatissyntactically
correct(legal)butfunctionallyincorrect.
semanticlayout(n)~Markupthatisbasedonmeaningorintention,asopposedtodirect
specificationofstyle.
SemanticModelDefinitionLanguage(PN)~Asetofinstructionsthatdescribelayout
andqueryinformationforreportscreatedinReportBuilder.
semanticobject(n)~Anobjectthatcanberepresentedbyadatabaseobjectorotherreal-
worldobject.
semanticvalidation(n)~TheprocessofconfirmingthattheelementsofanXMLfileare
logicallyvalid.
semanticzoom(n)~Zoomingbehaviorthatisspecifiedbythedeveloper.Zoominginon
aUIoracollectionofthingsandprovidinggreater,meaningfulcontext.Youmightzoom
inonacollectionofphotosandsuddenlytitlesordatesappear.Thephotosmaygofrom
filenamestothumbnailsorfromsmallthumbnailstolargeones,orfromthumbnailsto
fullphotofiles.
semantics(n)~Inprogramming,therelationshipbetweenwordsorsymbolsandtheir
intendedmeanings.
semantics(n)~Thestudyofmeaninginlanguage.
semaphore(n)~Inprogramming,asignal—aflagvariable—usedtogovernaccessto
sharedsystemresources.Asemaphoreindicatestootherpotentialusersthatafileorother
resourceisinuseandpreventsaccessbymorethanoneuser.
SemblioAuthoring(PN)~AnauthoringtoolinSemblioproductforcreatingeducational
content.
SemblioAuthoringredistributablemergemodule(n)~Amergemodulethatcombines
multiplecontentfilescreatedinSemblioAuthoringintooneredistributablepackage.
Semblioplayer(n)~AplayerinMicrosoftSembliothatstudentsandeducatorscanuseto
viewandinteractwithpresentations.
semiadditivemeasure(n)~Ameasurethatcanbesummedalongoneormore,butnotall,
dimensionsinacube.
semi-bold(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof600
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
semiconductor(n)~Asubstance,commonlysiliconorgermanium,whoseabilityto
conductelectricityfallsbetweenthatofaconductorandthatofanonconductor
(insulator).Thetermisusedlooselytorefertoelectroniccomponentsmadefrom
semiconductormaterials.
semi-light(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof350
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
semisynchronouscall(n)~Amethodcallthatreturnsimmediatelyandallowsthe
applicationorscripttoenumeratethereturnedobjectsasacollection.Asemisynchronous
methodcalldoesnotrequiresettingupanobjectsink,butanasynchronousmethodcall
doesrequiresettingupanobjectsink.
semisynchronousmethodcall(n)~Amethodcallthatreturnsimmediatelyandallows
theapplicationorscripttoenumeratethereturnedobjectsasacollection.A
semisynchronousmethodcalldoesnotrequiresettingupanobjectsink,butan
asynchronousmethodcalldoesrequiresettingupanobjectsink.
send(v)~Totransmitamessageorfilethroughacommunicationschannel.
send(v)~Totransferdataorfilestoadeviceoranapp.
Send{firstname}aquickmessage(PN)~Themessagetextboxthatisdisplayedona
contact’ssummarypage.
Sendalink(PN)~TheUIlinktextforsendingalinktoapage.
SendanInstantMessage…(oth)~TheitemontheActionsmenuthatsendsaninstant
messagetothepersontheuserselectsfromthecorporateaddressbook.
sendcontact(oth)~Toshareacontactwithotherusers.
Sendcontract(n)~AcontractthatenablesdeveloperstoleveragetheSendTobuttonon
theConnectCharmtosendcontentfromtheirapplicationtoconnecteddevices.
SendE-Mail…(oth)~AnitemontheActionsmenuthatsendse-mailtothepersonthe
userselectsfromthecorporateaddressbook.
sendfile(oth)~Totransferadocument,video,photo,orotherfiletootherusersvia
Skype.
sendpipeline(n)~Apipelinethatisexecutedonmessagesbeforetheyaresentoutofthe
BizTalkserver.
sendport(n)~Thelocationtowhichmessagesaresentorfromwhichmessagesare
received,andthetechnologythatisusedtoimplementthecommunicationaction.The
locationisuniquelyidentifiedbythenameoftheport.
sendportgroup(n)~Alogicalgroupingofsendports.Whenamessageissenttoasend
portgroup,itisroutedtoalloftheassociatedsendports.
Sendrecurring(PN)~Asettingontheemailmaintainpagethatindicatesthatthisemail
canbesenttoanynewlyregisteredcontactsthatclickontheofferconfirmationlinkinthe
offeremail.
sendrequestfile(n)~Afilewithinstructionsthatasenderusestoconnecttoandtransfer
datatoadestination.
sendSMS(oth)~TosendatextmessagetoamobilephonefromtheSkypeclient.
sendtext(oth)~TosendatextmessagetoamobilephonefromtheSkypeclient.
sendtextmessage(oth)~TosendatextmessagetoamobilephonefromtheSkypeclient.
Send/Receive(PN)~Thebuttonthatenablessomeonetosimultaneouslysendthe
messagestheyhavecomposedandretrievethenewmessagesthey’vereceived.
Send/Receivegroup(n)~E-mailaccountsandfoldersthatyoucangroupandset
commonoptionsfor,suchaswhethertodownloadheadersormessages,sizelimitson
downloadedmessages,behavioronlinevs.offline,andtimeintervalforconnectingtothe
server.
sender(n)~Theonewhosendsanelectronicmessage.
SenderAddress(PN)~Aplug-inthatenablesuserstoquicklyinsertanHTMLtaginto
thebodyofanemailmessagethatdisplaysthemailingaddressofthesender.
senderpassword(n)~Apasswordgivenbytheserviceprovidertotheuser.
senderpolicyframework(n)~AnextensionoftheSMTPprotocolthatprevents
spammersfromforgingtheFrom:fieldsine-mailmessagesbyverifyingthattheIP
addressintheSMTPReceived:headerisauthorizedtosende-mailforthesender’s
domain.
senderreputation(n)~Anti-spamfunctionalitythatisenabledoncomputersthathave
theEdgeTransportserverroleinstalledtoblockmessagesaccordingtocharacteristicsof
thesender.TheSenderReputationagentcontinuouslymonitorssendersandtheirpast
SimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP)interactions,suchastheamountofspamand
messagesthatarenotspamthatasenderhassent,andreliesonpersisteddataaboutthe
sendertodeterminewhataction,ifany,totakeonaninboundmessage.
SendingMOS(n)~ApredictionofthewidebandlisteningqualityMOS(MOS-LQ)ofthe
audiostreamthatisbeingsentfromtheuser.Thisvaluetakesintoaccountthespeechand
noiselevelsoftheuseralongwithanydistortions.
send-toprogram(n)~TheprogramthataspecificXMLstylesheetisusedtoexportdata
to.YouusetheXMLdataexportfeaturetosenddatafromMicrosoftDynamicsNAVtoa
send-toprogram.Astylesheetappliestoonesend-toprogram.
SeniorDetective(n)~SkilllevelinthePurblePlacegame.OnceaPurblePlacegameis
completed,aplayergetsaskilllevelrankassignedautomaticallybythegame(basedon
numberofguessesandhintsduringthegame).
SENS(n)~Aneventpublisherforvarioussystemevents.
SensingMethod(n)~Thesensingcomponentinthecamerathatwasusedtocapturethe
image.
sensitivecursor(n)~Acursorthatcanreflectdatamodificationsmadetounderlyingdata
byotheruserswhilethecursorisopen.
sensitivedata(n)~Personallyidentifiableinformation(PII)thatisprotectedinspecial
waysbylaworpolicy.
sensitivity(n)~Thedegreeofconfidentialityofane-mailmessageorcalendaritem,
rangingfromnormaltoconfidential.
Sensitivity(PN)~Thesignificancelevelthatmustbereachedbeforeanotificationissent.
sensitivitylevel(n)~Thedegreeofconfidentialityofane-mailmessageorcalendaritem,
rangingfromnormaltoconfidential.
sensitivityslider(n)~AcontrolintheUIthatisusedtoindicatethesensitivityofa
notification.
sensitivitythreshold(n)~Athresholdthatappliestoresourcecallsandarelessthanor
equaltothealertingthreshold,generallybeingsettoapproximately100milliseconds.The
sensitivitythresholddefineswhatisdeterminedtobea‘fast-function’,andthosefunctions
willnotbeincludedintheeventcallstackstoreducetheamountofdatasenttothe
managementserver.
sensor(n)~Adeviceusedindigitalcamerastocapturevisualinformation.
sensor(n)~Anyhardwareorsoftwarethatcandetecteventsorenvironmentalchanges,
suchasyourcurrentlocationortheamountoflightaroundyourcomputer.Forexample,a
notebookwithalocationsensor,suchasaGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)receiver,can
determineyourexactlocation.Anambientlightsensorcandetectwhenthereisachange
inlighting,andthenaprogramcanusethatinformationtoadjustthebrightnessofyour
screen.
sensoradapter(n)~Anadapterthatactsasawrapperaroundthephysicalsensor,and
providesastandardinterfaceforconfiguringthesensor,capturingsamples,and
controllingtheflowofbiometricdatafromthesensorintotheprocessingengine.
sensormonitoringservice(n)~AWindowsservicethatsupportsscreenrotation,screen
brightness,andtheinboxlocationprovider.Windows8startsthisservicewheneverit
detectsoneofthecorrespondingsensorsorwhenauserlaunchesalocation-awareapp.
SentfrommyWindowsdevice(PN)~Ataglineorsignatureaddedtoallemailthat’ssent
fromaWindowsPhone.
sentiment(n)~Thedeterminedemotionalattitudeofaspeakerorawriterinrelationa
postfoundbyasearchtopic.
sentimentchange(n)~Thedeltainsentimentvaluefromonetimeframetoanother.
sentimentindex(n)~Statisticallycalculatedvaluethatexpressestheoverallsentimentin
relationtoaspecificitem.
SentimentTarget(PN)~Thefocusitemthatthesentimentindicatorandvalueare
calculatedfor.
sentimentvalue(n)~Theannotatedsentimentofapost,eitherpositive,negative,or
neutral.
sentimentwidget(n)~Achartthataggregatessentimentvaluesandvisualizestheoverall
sentiment.
SEO(n)~TheactofmodifyingthepagesofaWebsitesothatitscontentismoreeasily
discoverablebyInternetsearchengines.
SEPA(PN)~AEuropeanbankingindustryinitiativethatenablessecureelectronic
paymenttransfersbetweenbankaccountswithinandacrosseuroareas.
separateworksheetlink(n)~Aworksheetlinkthataccessesmultiplerowsandcolumns
ofdatainanexternalworksheetfileintoareport,orthatassociatesoneormoreexternal
worksheetfileswithoneormorereportingunitsinthereportingtreeofareport.
separator(n)~Alinethatseparatesgroupsofcontrols(onasurface)orcommands(ona
menu).
separatorbar(n)~Alinethatseparatesgroupsofcontrols(onasurface)orcommands
(onamenu).
separatorbar(n)~Aspecialtypeofmenuitemthatappearsasadividingbarbetween
twoactivemenuitems.
separatorcharacter(n)~Acharacteryouchoosetoindicatewhereyouwanttextto
separatewhenyouconvertatabletotext,orwhereyouwantnewrowsorcolumnsto
beginwhenyouconverttexttoatable.
Sepia(n)~Aphotographicstylethatrendersaphotoinbrowntones,mimickingtheold-
fashionedlookofphotostakenintheearlypartofthe20thcentury.
SepiaTone(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
sequence(n)~Anorderedarrangement,asinasetofnumbers,suchastheFibonacci
sequence.
sequence(n)~Aninstanceofaqueryabletype.
sequencecheck(n)~Aprocessthatverifiesthatdataorrecordsconformtoaparticular
order.
sequencediagram(n)~Aninteractiondiagramthatshowstheobjectsparticipatingina
particularinteractionandthemessagestheyexchangearrangedinatimesequence.
sequencegroup(n)~Agroupingthatcontainsthesequenceofoperationsthatare
assignedtotheresourceorresourcegroups.
sequencenumber(n)~Anumberthat’sassignedbytheProvisioningServertoa
transactionprocessedforaspecifiedcomputer.
sequencedapplication(n)~AnapplicationthathasbeenmonitoredbytheSequencer,
brokenupintoprimaryandsecondaryfeatureblocks,canbestreamedtoacomputer
runningtheMicrosoftApplicationVirtualizationTerminalServicesClientorthe
MicrosoftApplicationVirtualizationDesktopClient,andcanruninsideofitsownvirtual
environment.
sequencedapplicationpackage(n)~Thefilesthatcompriseavirtualapplicationand
allowavirtualapplicationtorun.Thesefilesarecreatedaftersequencingandspecifically
include.osd,.sft,.sprj,and.icofiles.
sequencedcollection(n)~Acollectionofdestinationobjectsofasequencedrelationship
object.
SequencedPacketExchange(n)~Thetransportlevel(ISO/OSIlevel4)protocolusedby
NovellNetWare.SPXusesIPXtotransferthepackets,butSPXensuresthatmessagesare
complete.
sequencedrelationship(n)~Arelationshipinarepositorythatspecifiesexplicitpositions
foreachdestinationobjectwithinthecollectionofdestinationobjects.
Sequencer(PN)~Anapplicationthatmonitorsandrecordstheinstallationandsetup
processforapplicationssothatanapplicationcanbesequencedandruninthevirtual
environment.
SequencerProjectfile(n)~AnXML-basedfileinwhichtheSequencerstoresits
ExclusionItemsandParseItemsinformation.TheSPRJfileisusedheavilyinthecreation
ofapplicationrecordsaswellasduringanupgradetoapackage.
sequencing(n)~TheprocessofcreatinganapplicationpackagebyusingtheApplication
VirtualizationSequencer.Inthisprocess,anapplicationismonitored,itsshortcutsare
configured,andasequencedapplicationpackageiscreatedcontainingthe.osd,.sft,.sprj,
and.icofiles.
sequencing(n)~Theorderinwhichjobsareprocessedoroperationsareperformedata
manufacturingfacilitytoachieveobjectives.
sequencingcomputer(n)~Thecomputerusedtoperformsequencingandcreatea
sequencedapplicationpackage.
SequencingWizard(n)~Astep-by-stepwizardthatwalkstheuserthroughsequencingan
application,includingpackageconfiguration,installingtheapplicationorapplicationsto
besequenced,andsequencingtheapplicationpackageforstreaming.
sequentialfile(n)~Afilewhoserecordsarearrangedintheordertheyareplacedinthe
file.
sequentiallayout(n)~Thearrangementofthemetadataorderinaspecifieddirection.
sequentialliability(n)~Arulethatstatesthatacompanyonlyhastopaymoneyitowes
afterithasreceivedpaymentfromitscustomers.
sequentialsearch(n)~Asimple,thoughinefficient,searchalgorithmthatoperatesby
sequentiallyexaminingeachelementinalistuntilthetargetelementisfoundorthelast
itemhasbeencompletelyprocessed.Linearsearchesareprimarilyusedforveryshort
lists.
SerialATA~See-SATA.
SerialKeys(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsoperatingsystemsthat,inconjunctionwitha
communicationsaidinterfacedevice,allowskeystrokesandmousecontrolstobeaccepted
throughacomputer’sserialport.Italsoallowstheusertocontrolthecomputerusing
alternativeinputdevicesasiftheywereusingastandardkeyboardandmouse.
SerialLineInternetProtocol(n)~Adatalinkprotocolthatallowstransmissionof
TCP/IPdatapacketsoverdial-uptelephoneconnections,thusenablingacomputerora
LAN(localareanetwork)tobeconnectedtotheInternetorsomeothernetwork.
serialnumber(n)~Anumberassignedtoaspecificinventoryitemtoidentifyitand
differentiateitfromsimilaritemswiththesameitemnumber.
serialnumber(controlunit)(n)~A17-characteralphanumericidentifierforacontrol
unitanditsmanufacturer.Thefirstfivecharactersdenotethemanufacturerandthe
remaining12charactersdenotethecontrolunit.
serialport(n)~Aserialcommunicationsportusedtoconnectadevice,suchasamodem,
printer,ormobiledevice,toacomputer.
SerialPort~Asocketforpluggingdevicesintothecomputer,nowreplacedbyUSB.
serialrouting(n)~Aroutingmethodinwhichcallsarealwaysofferedtoavailableagents
inthehuntgroupinthesameorder,asdeterminedbytheadministrator.
serialshippingcontainercode(n)~Astandardized18-digitlabelthatuniquelyidentifies
eachunittobetransportedorstored.
serialization(n)~Theprocessofconvertinganobject’sstateinformationintoaformthat
canbestoredortransported.Duringserialization,anobjectwritesitscurrentstateto
temporaryorpersistentstorage.Later,theobjectcanberecreatedbyreading,or
deserializing,theobject’sstatefromstorage.
serializationclass(n)~Aclassdesignedtoserializeanddeserializeobjects.
SerialKeydevice(n)~Enablesyoutoattachanalternateinputdevice(alsocalledan
augmentativecommunicationdevice)toyourcomputer’sserialport.Thisfeatureis
designedforpeoplewhoareunabletousethecomputer’sstandardkeyboardandmouse.
SerialKeys(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsoperatingsystemsthat,inconjunctionwitha
communicationsaidinterfacedevice,allowskeystrokesandmousecontrolstobeaccepted
throughacomputer’sserialport.Italsoallowstheusertocontrolthecomputerusing
alternativeinputdevicesasiftheywereusingastandardkeyboardandmouse.
seriesaxis(n)~Thethirdaxisinathree-dimensionalcoordinatesystem,usedincomputer
graphicstorepresentdepth.
seriesfield(n)~Afieldthatisdisplayedintheseriesareaofachartandthatcontains
seriesitems.Aseriesisagroupofrelateddatapoints.
seriesline(n)~In2-Dstackedbarandcolumncharts,alinethatconnectsthedata
markersinadataseriesandisusedtoemphasizethedifferenceinmeasurementbetween
eachseries.
seriespoint(n)~Anindividualvalueplottedinachartandrepresentedtogetherwith
otherdatapointsbybars,columns,lines,pieordoughnutslices,dots,andvariousother
shapescalleddatamarkers.Datamarkersofthesamecolorconstituteadataseries.
server(n)~OntheInternetorothernetwork,acomputerorprogramthathostswebpages
andrespondstocommandsfromaclient.
server(n)~Acomputerthatprovidessharedresources,suchasfilesorprinters,to
networkusers.
Server~Acomputeratthecentreofmost-networks-whichprovides-filesandother
servicestoothercomputers.Alsoknownasafileserver.
Server~Acomputer,orasoftwarepackage,thatprovidesaspecifickindofservice
to-clientsoftwarerunningonothercomputers.Thetermcanrefertoaparticularpieceof
software,suchasa-WWW-server,ortothemachineonwhichthesoftwareisrunning
serveraddress(n)~Thenameofaserverthatidentifiestheownerofthatnameina
hierarchicalformat.
serveradministrator(n)~AmemberoftheAdministratorsgrouponthelocalserver
computer.
serverapplication(n)~Applicationsoftwarerunningonaclusternode,regardlessof
whetheritdoesserviceregistration.
serverauthenticationcertificate(n)~InADFS,acertificatethatAD-FS-enabledWeb
servers,federationservers,andfederationserverproxiesusetosecureWebservicestraffic
forcommunicationamongthemselvesaswellaswithWebclients.
servercertificate(n)~AuniquedigitalidentificationthatformsthebasisoftheSecure
SocketsLayer(SSL)securityfeaturesonaWebsite.Servercertificatesareobtainedfrom
atrusted,third-partyorganizationcalledacertificationauthority,andtheyprovideaway
foruserstoauthenticatetheidentityofaWebsite.
servercluster(n)~Agroupofserversthatareinonelocationandthatarenetworked
togetherforthepurposeofsharingworkload.
servercollation(n)~ThecollationforaninstanceofSQLServer.
ServerConfigurationnode(n)~InExchangeServer2007,anodeintheConsolepaneof
theExchangeManagementConsolethatenablesadministratorstoviewalistofallthe
serversintheirExchangeorganizationandperformserverrole-specifictasks.TheServer
Configurationnodecontainsthefollowingsub-nodes:Mailbox,ClientAccess,Hub
Transport,andUnifiedMessaging.
servercopy(n)~Acopyofafilethathasbeensavedtoaserver.
servercursor(n)~Acursorimplementedontheserver.
serverdefinition(n)~Thedefinitionofalogicalapplicationserver.
servererror(n)~AfailuretocompletearequestforinformationthroughHTTPthat
resultsfromanerrorattheserverratherthananerrorbytheclientortheuser.Server
errorsareindicatedbyHTTPstatuscodesbeginningwith5.
ServerExplorer(n)~ThesectionoftheVisualStudiointegrateddevelopment
environment(IDE)thatcontainssolutions,projects,andfiles.
serverfarm(n)~Agroupofserversthatareinonelocationandthatarenetworked
togetherforthepurposeofsharingworkload.
serverfarm~SecurefacilitythathostsalargenumberofWebservers.
ServerFilterByForm(n)~Atechniquethatusesaversionofthecurrentformor
datasheetwithemptyfieldsinwhichyoucantypevaluesyouwantthefilteredrecordsto
contain.Thedataisfilteredbytheserverbeforeit’sretrievedfromthedatabase.
ServerforNIS(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsthatenablesaWindowsbasedActive
DirectorydomaincontrollertoadministerNetworkInformationService(NIS)networks.
ServerGatedCryptography(n)~AnextensionoftheSecureSocketsLayer(SSL)that
allowsfinancialinstitutionswithexportversionsofMicrosoftWindows2000Serverto
use128-bitencryption.AlthoughSGCcapabilitiesarebuiltintoWindows2000Server,a
specialSGCcertificateisrequiredtouseSGC.
ServerGraphicalShell(PN)~ThegraphicaluserinterfacewhichinstallsonWindows
ServerbydefaultandwhichincludesthenewWindowsuserinterfaceStartscreen,
InternetExplorer,WindowsExplorer,andthedesktop.
serverlicensorcertificate(n)~ThecertificatethatestablishesthecredentialsoftheRMS
server,makingitavalidcertificationandlicensingservice,andenablingittorun.
serverlocatorpoint(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagersitesystemthatlocatesclient
accesspointsandmanagementpointsforSMS/ConfigurationManagerclients.
serverlocatorpoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemthatcompletessite
assignmentandcanlocatemanagementpointsforConfigurationManagerclientswhen
clientscannotretrievethatinformationfromActiveDirectoryDomainServicesorother
mechanisms.
ServerManager(PN)~AcomponentofMicrosoftCRMDeploymentManagerthatyou
canusetoviewyourMicrosoftCRMservers,serverconnectioninformation,andenable
ordisablethemasnecessary.InServerManager,youcanalsospecifyaMicrosoftSQL
ServerReportingServicesserver.
ServerManager(PN)~AnexpandedMicrosoftManagementConsole(MMC)
componentavailableinWindowsServerthatprovidesasinglesourceforsecurely
deployingandmanagingroles,roleservices,andfeaturesonaserver;managingaserver’s
identityandsysteminformation,includinglocaluseraccounts;startingandstopping
availableservices;anddisplayingserverstatus,criticalevents,andissueswithrole
configuration.
ServerManagercommandlinetool(n)~Acommandlinetoolthatautomatesthe
deploymentofrolesandfeaturesoncomputersrunningWindowsServer.
Servermanifest(n)~Afilewithan.ismfilenameextensionthatdescribesthe
presentationattributesconfiguredontheWebserver.ItusesXML-formatting.
ServerMessageBlock(n)~Afile-sharingprotocoldesignedtoallownetworked
computerstotransparentlyaccessfilesthatresideonremotesystemsoveravarietyof
networks.TheSMBprotocoldefinesaseriesofcommandsthatpassinformationbetween
computers.SMBusesfourmessagetypes:sessioncontrol,file,printer,andmessage.
servername(n)~Anamethatuniquelyidentifiesaservercomputeronanetwork.
ServerNameIndication(PN)~TheIISfeaturethatsupportstheSSL/TSLprotocol
extensionandallowsavirtualdomainname,orahostname,tobeusedtoidentifythe
networkendpoint.
servernode(n)~Anindividualcomputerinaservercluster.
ServerOperatorsgroup(n)~Agroupwhosememberscanmanagealldomain
controllersinasingledomain.Thisgroupdoesnotexistonworkstations,stand-alone
servers,ormemberservers.Administrativetasksthatcanbeperformedbymembersof
thisgroupincludeloggingonlocally,creatinganddeletingnetworksharedresources,
startingandstoppingservices,backingupandrestoringfiles,formattingtheharddiskof
thecomputer,andshuttingdownthecomputer.
serverpool(n)~Agroupofserversthatareinonelocationandthatarenetworked
togetherforthepurposeofsharingworkload.
serverprocess(n)~AprocessthathostsComponentObjectModel(COM)components.A
COMcomponentcanbeloadedintoasurrogateserverprocess,eitherontheclient
computer(local)oronanothercomputer(remote).Itcanalsobeloadedintoaclient
applicationprocess(inprocess).
serverproduct(n)~Asoftwareproductthatactsasaserverforoneormoreservices.
Typically,aserverproductwouldbeinstalledonaservermachine(hardware),and
provideservicestousersoverthenetwork.
serverrole(n)~Theprimaryfunctionoftheserver,asenabledbythegroupingoffeatures
andservicesthattheserveradministratorspecifies.
serverscript(n)~Ascriptconsistingofstatementsembeddedinan.aspfile(Active
ServerPage).ThescriptisexecutedbytheMicrosoftInternetInformationServer(IIS)
serverwhenthepageisrequestedbythebrowserbutbeforethecontentissenttothe
browser.
ServerSideIncremental(adj)~AfeaturethatmustbeenabledinActiveDirectorytorun
incrementalimportofprofiles.
serversoftware(n)~Asoftwareproductthatactsasaserverforoneormoreservices.
Typically,aserverproductwouldbeinstalledonaservermachine(hardware),and
provideservicestousersoverthenetwork.
serversubscription(n)~Asubscriptiontoamergepublicationwithanassignedpriority
valueusedforconflictdetectionandresolution.
servertopology(n)~Agraphicaldepictionoftheconfigurationorarrangementof
(usuallyconceptual)servers,includingconnectinglines.
ServerVirtualizationValidationProgram(PN)~AcertificationprogramforMicrosoft
vendorsthatenablesthemtovalidatevariousvirtualizationconfigurationssothat
MicrosoftcustomerscanreceivetechnicalsupportforWindowsServerinvirtualized
environments.
server-basedSharePointintegration(n)~Afeatureindocumentmanagementwhereyou
canstoreyourdocumentsinSharePointandaccessthemfromMicrosoftDynamicsCRM.
server-basedwebsite(n)~AwebsitehostedbyaWebserver,suchasMicrosoftInternet
InformationServer(MIIS).
server-levelprincipal(n)~AnaccountthatissimilartothesalogininSQLServer.
Duringtheprovisioningprocess,SQLAzurecreatesaloginforyouthatistheserver-level
principalofyourSQLAzureserver.TheSQLAzureserver-levelprincipalaccounthas
permissiontomanageallserver-levelanddatabase-levelsecurity.
Servers(PN)~TheDevelopertoolssubcategorycontainingappstohelpdeveloperswith
theserveraspectsofbuildinganapp.
server-sideimagemap(n)~Animagemapthatpassesthecoordinatesofthemouse
pointertoaCGIhandlerroutineontheserver.Server-sideimagemapsrequiretheWeb
servertocomputethetargetURLofthehyperlinkbasedonthemousepointercoordinates.
server-sideinclude(n)~AmechanismforincludingdynamictextinWorldWideWeb
documents.Server-sideincludesarespecialcommandcodesthatarerecognizedand
interpretedbytheserver;theiroutputisplacedinthedocumentbodybeforethedocument
issenttothebrowser.Server-sideincludescanbeused,forexample,toincludetheDate
andTimestampinthetextofthefile.
server-sidesession(n)~Therunspaceonthedatacenter(host)server,whichcontainsthe
commandsusedbytheremoteuserinaclient-sidesession.
server-sidesynchronization(n)~ToperformsynchronizationbetweenrecordsinCRM
andinemailsystemsontheCRMserverside(inthecloud,withoutdependencyonthe
clientbeingupandconnected.
server-to-serverprotocol(n)~Anauthenticationprotocolbetweentwoserversor
services.
service(n)~Anactivity,suchasconsultingordesign,performedforsaleorpurchaseby
oneormoreresources.
service(n)~Aprogram,routine,orprocessthatperformsaspecificsystemfunctionto
supportotherprograms.
service(n)~Asetofrelatedcomponentsprovidedinsupportofoneormorebusiness
processes.Thedistributedapplicationwillcomprisearangeofconfigurationitemtypes
butwillbeperceivedbycustomersandusersasaself-contained,single,coherententity.
service(n)~Awebsiteorservicethatacustomercanconnectinordertosharewhat
they’vebeendoingonotherwebsites,seetheirfriendsandtheirupdatesfromother
servicesinWindowsLive,orsharetheirWindowsLiveactivityonotherwebsites.
service(n)~Achangeinthestateofaconsumingpartyorachangeinthestateofanitem
belongingtoaconsumingpartythatisproducedbyanactivityperformedbyaproviding
party.
service(n)~Asetofvirtualmachinesthatareconfiguredanddeployedtogetherandare
managedasasingleentity.Forexample,adeploymentofamulti-tierline-of-business
application.
serviceaccesspoint(n)~Alogicaladdressthatallowsasystemtoroutedatabetweena
remotedeviceandtheappropriatecommunicationssupport.
serviceaccount(n)~Anaccountthatisintendedtobeusedtorunaservice.Aservice
accounthasprivilegesbeyondthoseprovidedwhenaserviceisrunaspartofthesystem,
suchastheabilitytoconnectoverthenetworktoanothercomputer.
serviceactivity(n)~Aschedulableappointmenttoprovideaservicetoacustomer.A
serviceactivityusesoneormoreresourcestoperformaserviceataspecifictimeand
place.
serviceadministrator(n)~Thepersonresponsibleforsettingupandmanagingaservice.
ServiceAdvertisingProtocol(n)~ANetWareprotocolusedtoidentifytheservicesand
addressesofserversattachedtothenetwork.Whenaserverstarts,itusestheprotocolto
advertiseitsservice.Whenthesameservergoesoffline,itusestheprotocoltoannounce
thatitisnolongeravailable.
serviceagreement(n)~Anagreementbetweenaserviceproviderandacustomerthat
specifiestheamountandtypeofservicetheproviderwilldeliver.
serviceagreementline(n)~Anitemizationoftasksthatarecoveredbyaservice
agreement.
serviceapplication(n)~Abackgroundapplicationthatrunswithoutanyuserinterface
components(suchaswindows)andthatsupportsanotherapplicationthatisdisplayingon
thescreen.
ServiceBroker(PN)~Atechnologythathelpsdevelopersbuildscalable,securedatabase
applications.
ServiceBrokerExternalActivator(PN)~Anextensionoftheinternalactivationfeature
thatallowsuserstomovethelogicforreceivingandprocessingServiceBrokermessages
fromthedatabaseengineservicetoanapplicationexecutableoutsidethedatabaseengine
service.
servicebureau(n)~Acompanythatprovidesvariousservicesrelatedtopublishing,such
asprepressproduction,desktoppublishing,typesetting,imagesetting,andopticalscanning
ofgraphics.
ServiceBus(PN)~ThehostedservicefromMicrosoftthatprovidesdeveloper-oriented
servicesandasecuremessaginginfrastructureforwidespreadcommunication,large-scale
eventdistribution,naming,andservicepublishing.
ServiceBusConnections(cxns/month)(n)~TheunitofmeasurefortheServiceBus
connections,whichcanbeprovisionedindividuallyonapay-as-you-gobasisorinapack
of5,25,100,or500connections.Iftheconnectionusageinagivendayexceedsthe
provisionedpacksize,theuserwillbechargedaproratedamountbasedonthemaximum
simultaneousconnectionsusedforeachday.
ServiceBusRelay(PN)~TheServiceBusserviceforsecuremessagingandconnectivity
toenablehybridapplicationsthatrunacrossMicrosoftAzureandon-premises
environments.
servicecalendar(n)~Aschedulingcomponentthatisusedtoviewandmanage
appointmentsandserviceactivities.
servicecatalog(n)~Thelistofpublishedserviceofferings.
servicecertificate(n)~Acertificateissuedbyasigningauthorityverifyingacloud
service’sauthenticityandsecurity.
servicecomponent(n)~Thesetofconfigurationitemsthatareusedtodeliverabusiness
service,suchascomputers,Websites,databases,andotherapplicationcomponents.
serviceconfigurationfile(n)~Thefilethatsetsvaluesforthehostedservicethatcanbe
configuredwhiletheserviceisrunningintheMicrosoftAzurefabric.Valuesintheservice
configurationfileincludethenumberofinstancesrequiredforeachrole,thevaluesforthe
configurationparametersestablishedintheservicedefinitionfile,andthethumbprintsfor
anySSLcertificatesassociatedwiththeservice.
serviceconfigurationfile(n)~Thefilethatsetsvaluesforaservice.-Thevaluesthatyou
canspecifyincludethenumberofinstancestodeployforeachrole,thevaluesforthe
configurationparametersthatyouestablishedintheservicedefinitionfile,andthe
thumbprintsforanySSLcertificatesassociatedwiththeservice.
serviceconfigurationsetting(n)~Aconfigurationoptionthatcanbechangedina
runningservicewithoutrequiringtheservicetoberedeployed.
serviceconnectionpoint(n)~AnActiveDirectorynodeonwhichsystemadministrators
candefineCertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)managementpermissionsforusersand
groups.
Serviceconnector(PN)~Ahiddenutilityorappthatworksinthebackgroundtoconnect
Windowsfeaturestoa3rdpartyservice.
ServiceControlManager(n)~Aservercapableofmanipulating(i.e.startingand
stopping)servicesremotelyonothermachines.
servicecoverage(n)~Thespecifichoursanddaysoftheweekforwhichservicesupport
willbeprovided.
servicedefinitionfile(n)~Thefilethatdefinestheservicemodelfortheapplication,
whichincludestherolesthatcompriseahostedservice,theserviceendpoints,
configurationsettings,andcertificatesforSSLendpoints.Theservicemodelcannotbe
changedoncetheserviceisdeployedandrunning.
servicedefinitionfile(n)~Thefilethatdetermines-theservicemodel,suchastheroles
thatcompriseaservice,optionallocalstorageresources,configurationsettings,and
certificatesforSSLendpoints.
servicedeliverable(n)~Anycomputercodeormaterials,otherthanProductsorFixes,or
SampleCodethatMicrosoftleaveswithCustomerattheconclusionofMicrosoft’s
performanceofProfessionalServices.
servicedependent(adj)~Thepersonorserviceinanenterprisethatreliesonabusiness
service.Thesepeopleandservicesareaffectedbytheoutputanddowntimeofthe
businessservice.
ServiceDeploymentConfigurations(n)~AnodeintheLibraryworkspacewhereyou
canviewinstancesofservicesthathavebeensaved(duringtheprocessofconfiguring
specificdeploymentsettingsfortheserviceinstance)buthavenotbeendeployed.
ServiceDesk(PN)~Theweb-basedinterfacethatCSRsusetomanageconfigurations,
handleTickets,ChatRequests,KnowledgebaseArticles,andothertasks.
serviceendpoint(n)~Anendpointthroughwhichanapplicationsystemexposesor
providesaserviceofsomekind.
serviceendpoint(n)~AnendpointthatexposesaWebservice.
ServiceFabric(PN)~Ahighcontrolplatformthatenablesdevelopersandindependent
softwarevendors(ISV)tobuildcloudserviceswithahighdegreeofscalabilityand
customization.
servicefactory(n)~UsedbytheWindowsFabricruntimetocreatestatefulservice
replicasofaspecificservicetype.
servicegroup(n)~Alogicalcombinationofservicesthataremaintainedasone.
servicehardening(n)~Theprocessofmakingserviceslesssusceptibletoattackfrom
malicioussoftwarebyrunningleastprivilege,minimizingresourceaccess,lockingdown
portsandprotocols,andgenerallyreducethedamagepotentialandnumberofcritical
vulnerabilitiesinservices.
servicehooks(n)~Anextensiontointegrationenvironmentstopushdataintoother
servicesinrealtimeandsendnotificationsortriggeringactionsafterabuild.
servicehost(n)~Therun-timeenvironmentforhostingaservicewithinaprocess.
serviceinstance(n)~AninstanceofanorchestrationthatBizTalkServeriseither
processingorhasserializedintotheMessageBoxforfurtherprocessingortracking.
WithinBizTalkServer,thisisusuallyaserializedrepresentationofthestateofthe
orchestrationandreferencestoanymessagesinusewithintheorchestration.
serviceinstance(n)~AdeployedserviceinMicrosoftAzureorVMM.
serviceinstance(n)~AninstanceofanOffice365cloudproduct.
serviceitem(n)~Anitemizedservicethatparticipatesinanoperationsprocess.
serviceitem(n)~Anitemthatissubjecttomaintenanceworkmanagedinaserviceorder.
servicelevel(n)~Thelevelofsupportthatcustomerserviceisrequiredtoprovidefora
case.Theservicecontractacustomerpurchasesdeterminestheservicelevelforits
associatedcases.
servicelevelagreement(n)~Anagreementbetweentwoormorepartiesdescribingthe
deliverables,support,andcommunicationthateachpartywillprovidetotheother.
ServiceLevelAgreement(PN)~Anagreementthatspecifiestheminimumservicelevel
fortheOnlineServices.
ServiceLevelAgreement(SLA)(n)~Aprovisionthatdesignateswhatactionsa
Customercanperformduringsupportinteractions,aswellaswhatcontenttheymayview
onyourSupportPortal.
servicelevelagreementmetric(n)~AcalculatedtimeintervalthatServiceManager
determinesbetweenthedateandtimefieldsinincidentsandservicerequests.For
example,theSLAmetric-€œresolutiontime-€?isdefinedasthedifferencebetweenthe
IncidentCreatedDateandtheIncidentResolvedDate.
servicelevelagreementtarget(n)~ThespecifieddurationoftimeinwhichtheIT
organizationmustrespondtoorresolveanincidentorservicerequest.
servicelevelagreementtime(n)~Theamountoftimeanalertcanremaininanalert
resolutionstatebeforeitbecomesaservicelevelexception.
servicelevelexception(n)~Analertthathasremainedlongerthanspecifiedina
resolutionstate.Forexample,thedefaultserviceexpectationtimeforanalerttoremainin
theNewresolutionstateis10minutes.Ifanalert’sresolutionstateisNewforlongerthan
10minutes,itisconsideredaservicelevelexception.
servicelife(n)~Thetimethatanassetwillprovideabenefittothebusiness.
ServiceManagerconsole(n)~Theconsolethatisusedbyhelpdeskanalystsand
administratorsforhelpdeskfunctionssuchaschange,incident,problem,and
configurationmanagement.
ServiceManagerdatawarehousemanagementserver(n)~TheServiceManager
managementserverthatperformsthemanagementfunctionsforthedatawarehouse.
ServiceManagerdatabase(n)~Adatabasethatincludesalltheworkitems,
configurationitems,andadministrativesettingsfortheproduct.
ServiceManagerITportal(n)~AWebinterfacedesignedforinformationtechnology
(IT)managersandITprofessionalssothattheycanviewandmanageincidents,changes,
andassets.Itcanalsobeusedtoexaminemetricsandreports.
ServiceManagermanagementserver(n)~TheserverthathoststheSystemCenterData
AccessServiceserviceandMicrosoftOfficeSharePointsites.
ServiceManagerreportingserver(n)~TheserverthathostsMicrosoftSQLServer
ReportingServices(SSRS).
servicemanifest(n)~Astrictly-versionedschematizedxmldocumentauthoredbythe
servicedevelopertodescribetheprovisioninganddeploymentpackageofasetofservice
types.Itspecifiesindependentlyupgradablecode,configuration,anddatapackagesthat
togetherimplementaspecifiedsetofservicetypes.
servicemap(n)~Arepresentationofaservicefromtheperspectiveofthebusinessand
userthatshowscriticaldependencies,settings,andareasofresponsibility.
servicemapper(n)~Acomponentthathelpsmaplogicalservicestotheirphysical
locations,facilitatingthedeploymentofDuetend-userapplications.
servicemark(n)~Amarkusedinthesaleoradvertisingofservicestoidentifyand
distinguishthemfromservicesprovidedbyanothercompany.
servicemessage(n)~Amessagethatcontainsservice-relatedcontent.
Servicemodule(n)~TheMicrosoftCRMmoduleusedtoaccessbusinessrecords
pertainingtocustomerservice,suchascases,accounts,contacts,contracts,andthe
KnowledgeBaseManager(KBManager).Inthismodule,userscanopenandresolve
cases,createandviewservicecontracts,andcreateandmanageinformationinthe
KnowledgeBase.
serviceobject(n)~Thecomponentorproductthatiscoveredbyaserviceagreement.
serviceoffering(n)~Theitemorworkeffortthatisavailabletocustomersthroughthe
Self-ServicePortalintheservicecatalog.
serviceorder(n)~Arequestforasingleservicevisitbyoneormoreservicetechnicians.
serviceorder(n)~Aresponsetoacustomerrequestforserviceoranorderthatis
automaticallygeneratedatsetintervalsspecifiedbythetermsofaservicecontract.
serviceorderline(n)~Thepartofaserviceorderthatspecifiesdetailedinformation
abouttherequestedservice.
ServiceOrientedArchitecture(n)~Asoftwarearchitecturethatusespolicies,practices,
andframeworkstoenableapplicationfunctionalitytobeprovidedandconsumedassetsof
services.Theseservicesarepublishedatalevelofgranularityrelevanttoservice
consumers.
servicepack(n)~Atested,cumulativesetofallhotfixes,securityupdates,criticalupdates
andupdates,aswellasadditionalfixesforproblemsfoundinternallysincethereleaseof
theproduct.Servicepacksmayalsocontainalimitednumberofcustomerrequested
designchangesorfeatures,andcontainallfixessincethepreviousservicepackorRTM.
servicepackage(n)~Apackage,alsoknownasaservicetemplate,isafilethatcontains
therolebinariesandtheservicedefinitionfiletobepublishedtotheMicrosoftAzure
fabric.
serviceplan(n)~AcollectionofExchangefeatures,organization-wideresourcelimits,
andpermissionsthatareautomaticallyconfiguredorappliedwhenanewhosted
organizationisprovisionedintheservice.
serviceplantemplate(n)~AnXMLfileusedtodefinetheelementsofaserviceplanora
mailboxplan.
serviceprincipal(n)~Aglobally-uniquenameassociatedwithaserviceentityatan
endpointnodewithinaKerberospeer-to-peercommunication.
serviceprincipal(PN)~Anautomatedprocess,applicationorservicethatneedstoaccess
otherresources.
serviceprincipalname(n)~Thenamebywhichaclientuniquelyidentifiesaninstance
ofaservice.ItisusuallybuiltfromtheDNSnameofthehost.TheSPNisusedinthe
processofmutualauthenticationbetweentheclientandtheserverhostingaparticular
service.
ServiceProfileIdentifier(n)~An8-digitto14-digitnumberthatidentifiestheservices
thatyouorderforeachB-channel.Forexample,whenyouorderPrimaryRateISDN,you
obtaintwophonenumbersandtwoSPIDsfromyourIntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork
(ISDN)provider.TypicalISDNadapterscannotoperatewithoutconfiguringSPIDs.
serviceprogram(n)~AprogramthatusesServiceBrokerfunctionality.Aservice
programmaybeaTransact-SQLstoredprocedure,aSQLCLRstoredprocedure,oran
externalprogram.
serviceprovider(n)~AbusinessthatsuppliesInternetconnectivityservicesto
individuals,businesses,andotherorganizations.AnISPprovidesatelephonenumber,a
username,apassword,andotherconnectioninformationsothatuserscanaccessthe
InternetthroughtheISP’scomputers.
serviceprovider(n)~Anentitywhichprovidessomeservices.
serviceprovider(n)~AWebservicethatfacilitatespublishingofmetadataintothe
metadatadatabaseandupdatingofthesamelateron.
ServiceProviderInterface(n)~Callingconventionsthatback-endservicesusetomake
themselvesaccessibletofront-endapplications.
ServiceQualityMetrics(n)~Technologyausercanenablethatallowsdatarelatingto
applicationuse/performance/errorstobecollectedandsenttoMicrosoft,thusallowing
Microsofttocontinuetoimprovetheproductbasedonactualuserdata.
servicequalitymetrics(n)~Acollectionofstatisticsthatindicatesthedegreetowhicha
servicemeetsperformance,usage,andotherdemandsfortheservice.
servicerecord(n)~AcategoryofdataintheInternetDomainNameSystemthatspecifies
informationonavailableservices.TheSRVrecordisusedtolocatedomaincontrollersfor
ActiveDirectory.
servicereport(n)~Areportgeneratedwithcustomerservicedata,includingcase,
knowledgebase,andcontractdata.
servicerequest(n)~Arequestfromacustomerforaservice.
servicerequestfulfillment(n)~Theprocessformanagingservicerequests.
servicerequirement(n)~Adesignoptionthat,ifitischanged,requirestheservicetobe
redeployed.
serviceresourcerecord(n)~Aresourcerecordusedinazonetoregisterandlocatewell-
knownTCP/IPservices.TheSRVresourcerecordisspecifiedinRFC2782,anditisused
tolocatedomaincontrollersforActiveDirectory.
ServiceSetIdentifier(n)~Auniquesetoflettersornumbersthatidentifiesawireless
network.Foracomputerordevicetoconnecttoawirelessnetwork,itmustsupplythat
network’sSSID.AnSSIDcanbeupto32characters.
Servicestatus(PN)~AUIelementthatlinkstoaWebpagethatdisplaysthecondition
andqualityoftheservice.
servicetask(n)~Anactiontobetakenbyaservicetechnicianaspartofaserviceorder.
servicetemplate(n)~AVirtualMachineManagerlibraryresourcethatcontainsthe
configurationsettingsusedtodeployeachtierofaservice.
ServiceTemplateDesigner(n)~AgraphicaltoolintheVMMconsolethatisusedto
createandmodifyservicetemplates.
serviceticket(n)~AticketissuedbytheKerberosV5ticket-grantingservice(TGS)that
allowsausertoauthenticatetoaspecificserviceinthedomain.
ServiceTierAdvisor(PN)~Adatabaseenginethatanalyzestheperformanceandfeature
requirementsforindividualdatabasestoprovideinsightsthathelpchoosetherightBasic,
Standard,orPremiumtierandtheperformancelevelforadatabase.
servicetopology(n)~ThenumberofinstancesofaroletorunforaMicrosoftAzure
hostedservice,asdefinedbytheserviceconfigurationfile.
servicewindow(n)~Areservedtimeforperformingadministrativetasksonacomputer,
serverfarm,orservercluster.
serviceslayer(n)~Thelayerthatfunctionsasagatewaybetweentheclientlayerandthe
platformlayer,wherethedataresides.Theserviceslayerprovidesthreefunctions:
provisioning,billingandmetering,andconnectionrouting.
servicingwindow(n)~Auser-definedtimeperiodthatcanbeassignedtoavirtual
machine,host,orservicetoindicatewhenthatobjectisavailabletobetakenoffline(for
example,toperformmaintenance).
session(n)~Aperiodoftimewhenaconnectionisactiveandcommunicationcantake
place.Forthepurposeofdatacommunicationbetweenfunctionalunits,sessionalsorefers
toalltheactivitiesthattakeplaceduringtheestablishment,maintenance,andreleaseof
theconnection.
session(n)~Acollaborativemeetingorformalpresentationinwhichaparticipanthas
chosentoshareanapplicationordesktop.
session(n)~Alogicalconnectioncreatedbetweentwohoststoexchangedata.
session(n)~Aninstancethatbeginswhensomeonesignsintoawebserviceorprogram.
Session0(PN)~Thesessionthatisusedforallofthesystemservices.
sessionconcentration(n)~ForMessageQueuing,afeaturethattypicallyreduces
networkbandwidthwithinasiteandthenumberofsessionsbetweensites.Specially
configuredMessageQueuingserverswithroutingservicesprovidesessionconcentration.
sessioncookie(n)~Acookiethatisdeletedattheendofthebrowsersession.
SessionCountdown(n)~AfeatureontheGeneraltaboftheUserSettingstoolthat
allowstheadministratortodisplaythesessioncountdowninterfacetoalertusersofhow
muchtimeisleftbeforetheendoftheirsessions.
SessionDescriptionProtocol(n)~AprotocolthatTelephonyAPI(TAPI)usesto
advertiseInternetProtocol(IP)multicastconferences.Thisprotocoldescribesmultimedia
sessionsforthepurposesofsessionannouncement,sessioninvitation,andotherformsof
sessioninitiation.SDPdescriptorsarestoredinActiveDirectory.
sessionhost(n)~Theservertowhichparticipantsinthesession(e.g.gamesession)have
toconnect.
sessionhour(n)~Aunitofmeasureoftimeforasession.
sessionidentifier(n)~Ahandlethatuniquelyidentifiesaspecificactivitythatoccursover
aperiodoftimedevotedtothatactivity.Thesessionidentifiermustbeprovidedasan
argumentinactionsregardingthesession.SessionidentifiersareusedbyInternetand
device-specifictransmissionprotocols,communicationsprotocols,securityprotocols,and
directoryprotocolsandbymail,editing,anduserinterfacetools.
SessionInitiationProtocol(n)~Astandardsignalingprotocolforestablishingmulti-
mediacommunicationssessionsbetweentwoormoreusersoveranIPnetwork.
SessionInitiationProtocoltrunking(n)~Amechanismforconnectingthevoice
networkofanenterprisetoaserviceproviderthatofferspublicswitchedtelephone
network(PSTN)origination,termination,andemergencyserviceswithoutdeploying
PSTNgateways.
sessionkey(n)~Thekeyusedforencryptingdataduringacommunicationsession.
sessionlayer(n)~LayerfiveoftheOSImodel.Anetworklayerthatallowstwo
applicationsondifferentcomputerstoestablish,use,andendasession.Thislayer
establishesdialogcontrolbetweenthetwocomputersinasession,regulatingwhichside
transmits,aswellaswhenandhowlongittransmits.
sessionstate(n)~InASP.NET,avariablestorecreatedontheserverforthecurrentuser;
eachusermaintainsaseparateSessionstateontheserver.Sessionstateistypicallyusedto
storeuser-specificinformationbetweenpostbacks.
SessionTimers(n)~AfeatureontheGeneraltaboftheUserSettingstoolthatallowsthe
administratortosetsessionlimitsanddisplayattributes.
session-baseddesktopdeployment(n)~Asession-baseddeploymentthatallowsusersto
connecttocollectionsthatincludepublishedRemoteAppprogramsandsession-based
desktops.
set(n)~Inprintinganddisplay,agroupofrelatedcharacters,suchasacharacterset.
set(n)~Anamedcollectionofobjects.Typicallysetsareusedtoorganizeresourcesbased
onrules.
set(n)~Agroupingofdimensionmembersoritemsfromadatasourcethatarenamedand
treatedasasingleunitandcanbereferencedorreusedmultipletimes.
setdifference(n)~Thecollectionofelementsinonesetthatdonotappearintheother
set.
Setduedate(v)~AnoptionthatallowstheusertosetthedatebywhichaToDoneedsto
becompleted.
setintersection(n)~Thecollectionofelementsinafirstsetthatalsoappearinasecond
set.
SetNote…(oth)~Theitemontheuser’sMyStatusmenuthatenablestheusertotypea
notethatwillappearaspartofhisstatus.
setoperation(n)~Aqueryoperationthatproducesaresultsetthatisbasedonthe
presenceorabsenceofequivalentelementswithinthesameorseparatecollections(or
sets).
setunion(n)~Insettheory,thesmallestcombinationoftwosetsthatcontainsall
elementsofbothsets.
set-by-callercallback(n)~InNetworkConnections,aformofcallbackinwhichtheuser
suppliesthetelephonenumberthattheremoteaccessserverusesforcallback.Thissetting
sparestheuseranylong-distancetelephonecharges.
setter(n)~CodeinaXAMLdocumentthatrepresentsapropertybeingsettoavalue.
setter(n)~Anaccessormethodinanobject-orientedclassdefinition.
setting(n)~Aconfigurationparameterorelementthatcontrolsthebehaviorofaservice,
application,feature,function,orarun-timeenvironment.
Settings(PN)~Theareaoftheproductinwhichyoucanworkwithbusinessunits,users,
securityroles,templates,subjects,services,andsoon.
settings(n)~Personalconfigurationoptionsthatallowuserstocustomizetheir
applicationsoroperatingsystem.
settings(n)~Optionsthatallowuserstochangetheirvoicemailnumber,turnoncallerID,
internationalassist,andlongtones.
settings(n)~Aniconthatdisplaysoptionsrelatedtouserandsitesettings.Thesettings
iconisvisuallyrepresentedbytheshapeofagear.
Settings(PN)~?TheappwherepeoplecanfindWindowsanddevicesettings.
SettingsandConstraintsEditor(n)~Theinspectorwindowusedwithalldiagrams
throughwhichsettings,constraintsandresourcedefinitionscanbeviewedandedited.
Settingscharm(n)~AuserinterfaceelementthatprovidesaccesstoPCandappsettings.
Settingscontract(n)~Acontractforsurfacinganappuserpreferencesinawaythatis
consistentwithWindows’settingsmodel.
Settingsflyout(PN)~Theflyoutthatisdisplayedontherightsideofthescreenand
allowsuserstoaccessappandsystemsettings.
SettingsManager(n)~Anadministrativetoolthatisusedtoconfiguresettingsforthe
Duetclientcomponentandtoadministerthelocalmetadatacache.Thistoolincludestwo
components:ConfigurationManagerandMetadataCacheManager.
settingsmodifier(n)~Softwarethatchangessettingswithoutadequateconsent.
Settingspane(PN)~ThepaneheldintheflexpanethatcontainsthetopOffice365
settingsaswellascontextualsettingsbasedonwhatMicrosoftserviceyouarecurrently
using.
settings+pin(PN)~AnappbarmenuitemintheWalletpanoramathat,whentapped,takes
userstotheWalletSettings,wheretheusercansetaWalletPIN.
settlement(n)~Thebalancingoftwotransactions,suchasapaymentandaninvoice.The
purposeofasettlementistoreducetheoutstandingbalancebetweenthetransactionsto
zero.
set-topbox(n)~AdevicethatconvertsacableTVsignaltoaninputsignaltotheTVset.
Set-topboxescanbeusedtoaccesstheWorldWideWebandareatypeofinformation
appliance.
setup(n)~Acomputeralongwithallitsdevices.
setup(n)~Theproceduresinvolvedinpreparingasoftwareprogramorapplicationto
operatewithinacomputerormobiledevice.
SetupAnalysisTool(PN)~Atoolthatautomatestherunningofapplicationinstallations
whilemonitoringtheactionstakenbyeachapplication’sinstaller.
setupinitializationfile(n)~Atextfile,usingtheWindows.inifileformat,thatstores
configurationinformationallowingSQLServertobeinstalledwithoutauserhavingtobe
presenttorespondtopromptsfromtheSetupprogram.
setupprogram(n)~Aprogramwhosefunctionistoinstallanotherprogram,eitherona
storagemediumorinmemory.Aninstallationprogram,alsocalledasetupprogram,
mightbeusedtoguideauserthroughtheoftencomplexprocessofsettingupan
applicationforaparticularcombinationofmachine,printer,andmonitor.
setuptechnician(n)~Atechnicanwhogoestothecustomerlocationandsetsupa
computerenabledbyFlexGotechnologyafterpurchase,helpsthecustomerconnecttothe
Internet,andassiststheuserwithaddingtime.
setuptime(n)~Thenumberofhoursneededtopreparetheworkareapriortoan
operation.
severity(n)~Thepropertyofanalertindicatingitsseriousness.ExamplesincludeService
Unavailable,SecurityIssue,CriticalError,Error,Warning,Information,andSuccess.
severity(n)~InACT,theimportanceyourorganizationattachestoaparticularupdate.
severity(n)~InServerManagerandEventViewer,theurgencyofaneventorerror
condition,systemfault,failure,oractionbyeitherthesystemortheuser.Severitycanbe
anyoffourindustry-standardvalues:Information,Warning,Error,orCritical.These
valuesaredefinedintheEventViewerHelp.
Severityicon(n)~Theiconforindicatingtheseveritylevelofanevent:Information(for
PerformanceEvents),CriticalErrorforCriticalExceptionEvents,orNoncriticalErrorfor
HandledorNoncriticalExceptionEventsfromtheAPMservice.
Sex(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
Sex(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
Sexeducation(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
sexualsituations(n)~Alabelinavoluntarycontent-basedratingsystemusedbyTV
networksintheUnitedStatestoindicatetoviewersifaparticularshowhashigherlevels
ofsex,violenceoradultlanguage.
SexualThemes(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
SexualViolence(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
SFTfile(n)~AfilethatcontainsoneormoreapplicationsthattheSequencerhas
repackaged-€”withoutalteringsourcecode-€”intoaseriesofblocksofcodethatcanbe
streamed.Theseblockswillhavebeenoptimizedforrapidlaunchoftheapplicationona
SoftGridClient.
SFTMIME(PN)~Acommand-lineinterfaceforsettingupandmanagingapplications,
filetypeassociations,anddesktopconfigurationserversmanagedbyApplication
VirtualizationDesktopandTerminalServicesClients.
SFTP(PN)~Aprotocolthatisusedtouploadconfigurationfilesoveranyreliabledata
stream;forexample,touploadDirectoryServicesuserentriestotheAdministration
Center.
SGC(n)~AnextensionoftheSecureSocketsLayer(SSL)thatallowsfinancial
institutionswithexportversionsofMicrosoftWindows2000Servertouse128-bit
encryption.AlthoughSGCcapabilitiesarebuiltintoWindows2000Server,aspecialSGC
certificateisrequiredtouseSGC.
SGML(n)~Theinternationalstandardfororganizingandtaggingelementsanddataina
document.SGMLitselfdoesnotspecifyanyparticularformatting;rather,itspecifiesthe
rulesfortaggingelements.Tagscanthenbeinterpretedtoformatelementsindifferent
ways.
SHA(n)~Aclientsoftwarecomponentthatdeclaresaclient’shealthstate(byprovidinga
statementofhealth)toaNAPagent.
SHA1(PN)~AcryptographichashfunctiondesignedbytheUnitedStatesNational
SecurityAgencyandaU.S.FederalInformationProcessingStandardpublishedbythe
UnitedStatesNIST.
SHA-1(n)~Analgorithmthatgeneratesa160-bithashvaluefromanarbitraryamountof
inputdata.SHA-1isusedwiththeDigitalSignatureAlgorithm(DSA)intheDigital
SignatureStandard(DSS),amongotherplaces.
SHA-1(PN)~AcryptographichashfunctiondesignedbytheUnitedStatesNational
SecurityAgencyandaU.S.FederalInformationProcessingStandardpublishedbythe
UnitedStatesNIST.
shade(n)~Acolorthatismixedwithblack.A10-percentshadeisonepartoftheoriginal
colorandninepartsblack.
shader(n)~Agraphicsfunctionwhichcalculatescomputerimageeffectspixelbypixel
allowingcontrolofthelighting,shadingandcolorofeachindividualpixel.
shader(n)~AnabstractcomputationalunitonaGPUthatprocessescomplexfloating-
pointcalculationsasastream,inparallelwithotherabstractcomputationalunits.
shaderprogram(n)~Alinearprogramwritteninalow-levelshaderlanguage,suchas
High-LevelShadingLanguage(HLSL),forcompilationandexecutiononaGPU.
Shadow(n)~Areportthatliststheusageofvolumeresourcesforshadowcopies.Usethis
reporttoidentifyinconsistenciesindiffareaconfigurationthatmayallowreclaiminglarge
portionsofdiskspace.
shadow(n)~Ashadedoutlinethatappearsbehindanobjectortextandcreatestheillusion
ofdepth.
shadow(v)~Inprogramming,tohide,ordisableaccessto,aprogrammingelementthat
hasthesamename.Insuchasituation,theshadowedelementisnotavailablefor
reference;instead,whencodeusesthesharedname,theshadowedelementisresolvedto
theshadowingelement.
ShadowCopiesforSharedFolders(n)~AWindowsfeaturethatprovidesaccessto
point-in-timecopiesoffilesthatarelocatedonsharedresources,suchasafileserver.
shadowcopy(n)~Astaticimageofasetofdata,suchastherecordsdisplayedasthe
resultofaquery.
shadowcopyclientsoftware(n)~Clientsoftwarethatenablesanenduserto
independentlyrecoverdatabyretrievingashadowcopy.
ShadowCopyreport(n)~ADPSreportthatprovidesinformationonhowwelldatais
beingprotectedbytheshadowcopies.
shadowfolder(n)~Anoptionalfilesystemfolderthatcontainscurrentcopiesofallfiles
inaproject.Theshadowfolderprovidesalocationfromwhichtoviewthefileswithout
accessingtheVisualSourceSafedatabaseandservesasaconvenientplacetobuildor
compiletheproject.
shadowpassword~Apasswordthat’sstoredinasecurefileontheserverandcanbe
authenticatedusingavarietyofconventionalauthenticationmethods
shadowing(n)~TheprocessofviewingandinteractingwithanexistingRemoteDesktop
Protocolsessioninitiatedbyanotheruser.
shadowingeffect(n)~Adiagrammingcapabilitythatcreatesshadowsbehindachartfor
bettervisualeffect.
shallowcopy(n)~Acopyofthecontentsofadatastructurethatdoesnotincludeallits
substructures.
ShamrockButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowsthe
playertoselectashamrockdecorationfortheircake.
shape(n)~Anobjectcreatedusingdrawingtoolsorcommands.
shape(n)~Agraphicalrepresentationofanactionorgroupingofactionsinan
orchestration.
shapeconnectorline(n)~Alineusedtolinkshapesandtodeterminetheirrelativeorder
inanorchestration.
shapedata(n)~Thecollectionofcustompropertiesforashape.
Shapetool(PN)~Atoolthatallowsyoutodrawashapesuchasarectangle,ellipse
(circle),line,etc.
shapefile(n)~Apublicdomainformatfortheinterchangeofspatialdataingeographic
informationsystems.Shapefileshavethefilenameextension.shp’.’
shape-levelvalidation(n)~Theactofcheckingavisualworkflowtoensurethatthe
shapesandconnectionsarevalid.
ShapeSheet(n)~Aspreadsheetthatcontainsinformationaboutashape;forexample,its
dimensions,angle,andcenterofrotationandthestylesthatdeterminetheshape’s
appearance.
ShapeStudio(n)~Ashape-developmenttoolincludedintheMicrosoftOfficeVisio2003
SDK,providingadevelopmentandtestenvironmentthatintegrateswithVisio.
shape-to-shapeconnection(n)~Amethodofconnectingshapes.Theactualpointof
connectionmightchangewhenyoumovetheconnectedshapes.Youmakeshape-to-shape
connectionsbydraggingaconnectorfromthecenterofoneshapetothecenterofanother
shape.
shard(n)~Adatabasepartitiongeneratedasaproductofsplittingalargedatabaseinto
chunksinadistributedscalabledatabasesystem.
shard(v)~Tobreakanapplication’slogicaldatabaseintosmallerchunksofdataand
distributingthechunksofdataacrossmultiplephysicaldatabasestoachieveapplication
scalability.
sharding(n)~Atechniqueforpartitioninglargedatasets,whichimprovesperformance
andscalability,andenablesdistributedqueryingofdataacrossmultipletenants.
share(v)~Tomakeresources,suchasfoldersandprinters,availabletoothers.
share(n)~Adirectoryorfoldermadeavailabletousersoverthenetwork.
share(n)~Oneunitofownershipinterestinacompany.
Share(PN)~TheSwayfeaturethatallowsusersto:shareaURLtoaSwayviaFacebook,
Twitter,oralink;generateHTMLembedcodeofaSwayinanotherwebsite;andchange
previouslysharedURLstoaSway.
Shareaquickmessage(PN)~Thelinkthatpromptssomeonetoenterapersonalmessage
toshare,ifthepersonalmessagefieldiscurrentlyempty.Thepersonalmessageappears
onsomeone’sProfilepage,andinMessenger.
Sharecharm(PN)~Auserinterfaceelementthatprovidesaccesstosharingfilesandinfo
withotherapps.
Sharecontract(n)~AcontractthatletsaWindowsStoreappreceivecontent,suchas
photos,links,andtext,thattheusersharesfromotherapps.Anappthatsupportsthis
contractcanbeincludedinthelistofappsthatappearswhentheusertapstheShare
charm.Windowslimitsthelisttoincludeonlytheappsthatsupportthetypeofdatabeing
shared.Examplesofappsthatmightwanttousethiscontractincludesocialnetworking,
email,andnote-takingapps.
ShareDatabase(v)~Anoption,foundontheBusinessContactManagermenu,inthe
DatabaseToolsselection,thatenablestheusertoshareallinformationinadatabase.
sharename(n)~Anamethatreferstoasharedresourceonaserver.Eachsharedfolder
onaserverhasasharenameusedbypersonalcomputeruserstorefertothefolder.Users
ofMacintoshcomputersusethenameoftheMacintosh-accessiblevolumethat
correspondstoafolder,whichmaybethesameasthesharename.
ShareofVoice(PN)~Therelativedistributionofposts,sources,languages,and
sentiments,takingtheuser’sfiltersintoaccount.
sharepath(n)~Thefullnameofaresourceonanetworkintheformat
\servername\sharename,whichcanincludeadirectorypathunderthesharename.
Sharepicturesandvideos(v)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertosharethemetadata-
caption,label,flag,etc.whensharingapictureorvideo.
ShareSourcecontract(n)~AcontractthatletsaWindowsStoreappreceivecontent,
suchasphotos,links,andtext,thattheusersharesfromotherapps.Anappthatsupports
thiscontractcanbeincludedinthelistofappsthatappearswhentheusertapstheShare
charm.Windowslimitsthelisttoincludeonlytheappsthatsupportthetypeofdatabeing
shared.Examplesofappsthatmightwanttousethiscontractincludesocialnetworking,
email,andnote-takingapps.
ShareTargetcontract(n)~AcontractthatletsaWindowsStoreappreceivecontent,
suchasphotos,links,andtext,thattheusersharesfromotherapps.Anappthatsupports
thiscontractcanbeincludedinthelistofappsthatappearswhentheusertapstheShare
charm.Windowslimitsthelisttoincludeonlytheappsthatsupportthetypeofdatabeing
shared.Examplesofappsthatmightwanttousethiscontractincludesocialnetworking,
email,andnote-takingapps.
Sharetargetdescription(n)~TheareaintheShareUIwheredeveloperscanaddtextto
describeSharetargets.
Shared(adj)~AnAzureWebsitehostingtier,usedforpricingcalculation.
sharedaccesscomputer(n)~Acomputerinapublicenvironmentthatisaccessedby
severaldifferentusersonadailybasis.
SharedAccessSignature(n)~AURLthatgrantsaccessrightstocontainers,blobs,
queues,andtables.
sharedaddressbook(n)~AnAddressBookthatcontainsentriesforeverygroup,user,
andcontactwithinanorganization’simplementationofExchangeServer.
SharedAddressInformation(n)~AnIPaddressoftheOneNotesessionthatisbeing
sharedwithotherusers.
sharedaddressspace(n)~ASimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP)addressspaceor
domainsuffixthatissharedbytwodifferentmessagingsystems.Forexample,youmay
havetosharetheSMTPaddressspacebetweenMicrosoftExchangeandathird-partye-
mailsystem,orbetweenExchangeenvironmentsthatareconfiguredindifferentActive
Directoryforests.Inthesescenarios,usersineache-mailsystemhavethesamedomain
suffixaspartoftheire-mailaddresses.
SharedAppServiceHours(n)~AnewnameforSharedWebsitesHours,aresourceof
theAzureAppServiceservice.
sharedassembly(n)~Anassemblythatcanbereferencedbymorethanoneapplication.
Anassemblymustbeexplicitlybuilttobesharedbygivingitacryptographicallystrong
name.
sharedasset(n)~Anassetthatisusedbymorethanonecash-generatingunit(CGU).An
exampleisadistributioncenterthatisusedtostoreitemsbeforetheyaretransportedto
differentmarketsthatsharethatsamedistributioncenter.
sharedborders(n)~Pageregionsreservedforcontentthatyouwanttoappear
consistentlyonallyourwebpages.Sharedbordersusuallycontainlinkbars-hyperlinks
totheotherpagesinthecurrentwebsite.
SharedCaching(PN)~Theinitialmanaged,multi-tenantcacheserviceofferingin
MicrosoftAzure,introducedinApril2011.
SharedCachingService(PN)~Theinitialmanaged,multi-tenantcacheserviceoffering
inMicrosoftAzure,introducedinApril2011.
sharedcode(n)~Codethatisspecificallydesignatedtoexistwithoutmodificationinthe
serverprojectandtheclientproject.
sharedcomputeractivation(n)~AlicensingmodethatenablesOffice365subscribersto
activateOfficeon-premisesinasharedcomputerenvironment(RemoteDesktopServices)
oraroamingscenariowheretheunderlyinghardwarechangesfrequently(suchas
WindowsToGo).
sharedcontrol(n)~AWebPartscontrolthatcanappearonaWebpageandbe
personalizedwhenthepageisineithersharedoruser-levelpersonalizationscope.Note
thatasharedcontrolcanhavepropertiesthatarebothuser-scopeandshared-scopefor
personalizationpurposes.
shareddatasourceitem(n)~Datasourceconnectioninformationthatisencapsulatedin
anitem.Canbemanagedasaniteminthereportserverfoldernamespace.
shareddatabase(n)~Adatabasethatissharedouttootherusers.Theseuserscreatetheir
ownlocalcopies,whichareperiodicallysynchronizedwiththeshareddatabase.
shareddimension(n)~Adimensioncreatedwithinadatabasethatcanbeusedbyany
cubeinthedatabase.
shareddistributionpoint(n)~AdistributionpointinaConfigurationManager2007
hierarchythatclientscanusetodownloadthecontentandpackagesthathavebeen
migratedtoSystemCenter2012ConfigurationManager.
sharedfavorite(n)~Awebpagelinksavedasa.urlfileinsomeone’sSharedfavorites’
folder.Forexample
sharedfolder(n)~Afolderonanothercomputerthathasbeenmadeavailableforother
peopletouseonthenetwork.
sharedfolderpermissions(n)~Permissionsthatdictatewhichuserscanaccessashared
folderonanetwork.
sharedlibrary(n)~Acontainerforassumptionsandmetadata(dimensions,hierarchies,
formsandreports,inter-modelmappings,DTSpackagesthatareusedby
PerformancePointServer,andPerformancePointServerdatasources)thatareglobalto
anychildmodelsiteoftherootmodelsite,orofamodelsitewithwhichthelibraryis
associated.Theassumptionsandmetadataofasharedlibraryarefortheexclusive
consumptionofthesechildmodelsandarenotavailableoutsidetheirimmediatemodel
family.
sharedlineappearance(n)~Atelephonyfeaturethatmakestwoormorephonesbehave
asiftheyarelinked;thatis,thatacalltoonenumbercausesallphonestoring.
sharedlock(n)~Alockcreatedbynonupdate(read)operations.
sharedname(n)~Anamethatconsistsofanassembly’sidentity-itssimpletextname,
versionnumber,andcultureinformation(ifprovided)-strengthenedbyapublickeyanda
digitalsignaturegeneratedovertheassembly.Becausetheassemblymanifestcontainsfile
hashesforallthefilesthatconstitutetheassemblyimplementation,itissufficientto
generatethedigitalsignatureoverjusttheonefileintheassemblythatcontainsthe
assemblymanifest.Assemblieswiththesamestrongnameareexpectedtobeidentical.
Sharednotes(PN)~TheOneNotepagesthataresharedwitheveryoneinaRoom.Once
created,theyappearinthe-€œlists-€?panelintheRoomUIpanorama.
sharedownership(n)~Invirtualmachineself-service,theownershipmodelforvirtual
machinesunderwhichallmembersofagroupcanmanageallvirtualmachinesownedby
anymemberofthegroupandthevirtualmachinequota,ifonehasbeenspecified,applies
toallvirtualmachinescreatedbyallgroupmembers.
Sharedphotos(PN)~Thelinktophotosthatonlyyouandpeoplethatyouselectcan
view(versuspublicphotosthatanyonecanview).
sharedprinter(n)~Aprinterthatreceivesinputfrommorethanonecomputer.
sharedresource(n)~Anyinformation,file,folder,program,device,etc.,thatisavailable
tomultipleusersonanetwork.
SharedResourceProvider(n)~Alogicalunitconsistingofsharedserviesandshared
resources.AfarmcouldhavemultipleSRPs.
sharedschedule(n)~Scheduleinformationthatcanbereferencedbymultipleitems.
SharedServicesProvider(n)~Alogicalgroupingofsharedservicesandtheirsupporting
resources.
SharedSites(n)~AfeatureofMicrosoftOfficeLivethatallowsbusinessestomaintain
andsharebusinessinformationonpassword-protectedWebsitesforcollaboratingwith
internalemployeesandexternalcustomers,suppliers,andvendors.
sharedsteps(n)~Agroupofteststepsthatcanbereusedbetweentestcases.
shareduseraccount(n)~Asingleuseraccountthatisloggedontobymultipleusers.
shareduserprofile(n)~Afilethatcontainsconfigurationinformationforaspecificuser
includingsettingsandrestrictionsappliedbyWindowsSteadyState.
sharedview(n)~AviewofalistorWebPartPagethateveryuserwhohasthe
appropriatepermissionscansee.
sharedWebPart(n)~AWebPartaddedtoaWebPartPagebyauserwhoisworkingon
thepageinsharedview.
SharedwithMe(PN)~Aviewthatdisplaysalistofdocumentsandfoldersthatare
sharedwiththeuser.
sharedworkbook(n)~Aworkbookthatisconfiguredtoallowmultipleusersona
networktoviewandmakechangesatthesametime.Eachuserwhosavestheworkbook
seesthechangesthataremadebyotherusers.
SharePointadmincenter(PN)~Aweb-basedmanagementportalfromwhicha
company’sserviceadministratorcanmanagetheirSharePointOnlineservice,including
creatinganddeletingsitecollections,managinguseraccountsandstoragequota,and
specifyingservicesettings.
SharePointDeveloperCenter(PN)~Awebsitethatprovidescontentandresourcesto
helpdeveloperscreatecustomsolutionsforSharePointFoundation,SharePointServerand
SharePointDesigner.
SharePointEnabledBCSSolution(PN)~Apackagecontainingasetofexternallistsfor
offlining,alongwithassociatedbusinessdataactionsandtaskpanes.
SharePointExtensionsforTeamFoundationServer(PN)~Requiredsoftwarefor
VisualStudioTeamFoundationServerwithoneormoreSharePointWebapplications.
TheTeamFoundationServerExtensionsforSharePointProductsincludesitetemplatesto
whichtheprocesstemplatesforTeamFoundationServerreferwhenteamprojectsare
created.
SharePointExtensionsforTeamFoundationServer2013(PN)~Requiredsoftwarefor
VisualStudioTeamFoundationServerwithoneormoreSharePointWebapplications.
TheTeamFoundationServerExtensionsforSharePointProductsincludesitetemplatesto
whichtheprocesstemplatesforTeamFoundationServerreferwhenteamprojectsare
created.
SharePointgroup(n)~AgroupofusersthatcanbecreatedonaSharePointsiteto
managepermissionstothesiteandtoprovideane-maildistributionlistforsiteusers.A
groupcanbeusedbymanysitesinonesitecollection.
SharePointintegratedpermissionmodel(n)~AsecuritymodelinwhichProjectServer
permissionsarederivedfromSharePoint.
SharePointlibrary(n)~AcollectionoffilesonSharePointServerthatissharedwith
othersiteusers.
SharePointlistindicator(n)~Thetitleofadialogpagethatenablestheusertosetupa
SharePointlistindicatorbysettingname,description,listURL,indicatorvalue,indicator
appearance,etc.Theindicatorvaluecanbespecifiedbasedonnumberorpercentageof
certaincolumnvalues,orcertainaggregatedata.
SharePointMaintenanceManager(PN)~Anadministrativetoolthatexaminesa
computer,serverfarm,orserverclusteragainstanoptimalsetofproceduresand
functionalprinciplesforthatconfiguration,andreportspossibleissues.
SharePointObjectModelAdapter(PN)~Acomponentassemblythattranslatescalls
between32-bitSharePointprojectcodeand64-bitSharePointObjectModelcode,and
helpsmaintainisolationbetweenthetwosidesandfacilitateversioning.
SharePointOnline(Plan1)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheSharePointOnline(Plan
1)offerforgovernmentorganizationsthatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
SharePointOnline(Plan1)forGovernment(PN)~TheSharePointOnline(Plan1)
offerforgovernmentorganizationsthatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
SharePointOnline(Plan2)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheSharePointOnline(Plan
2)offerforgovernmentorganizationsthatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
SharePointOnline(Plan2)forGovernment(PN)~TheSharePointOnline(Plan2)
offerforgovernmentorganizationsthatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
SharePointOnlineAdministrationCenter(PN)~Aweb-basedmanagementportalfrom
whichacompany’sserviceadministratorcanmanagetheirSharePointOnlineservice,
includingcreatinganddeletingsitecollections,managinguseraccountsandstoragequota,
andspecifyingservicesettings.
SharePointOnlineStorage(PN)~Thestoragespacetocreatesitecollections.The
storagesizemaydifferduetodifferentonlineservicespurchased.
SharePointOnlineStorageforNonprofits(PN)~AnofferfromMicrosoftOffice365
fornonprofitorganizationsthatoffersadditionalstorageoptionsforSharePointOnline,
pricedpergigabyte,tosupportanorganization’sSharePointOnlinegrowth.
SharePointPortalServer(PN)~AMicrosoftserverproductthatcreatesaportalWebsite
thatallowsuserstosharedocumentsandsearchforinformationacrosstheorganization
andenterprisewithinoneextensibleportalinterface.
SharePointProductsandTechnologies(n)~Asetofproductsandtechnologiesthat
allowusersinanorganizationtocreate,manage,andbuildtheirowncollaborativeWeb
sitesandmakethemavailablethroughouttheirorganizations.
SharePointPublishingWizard(n)~Thewizardusedtopublishsharepointsitesand
servers.
SharepointServerRole(PN)~AroleassignedtotheSharePointserver,likeWebServer
Role,whichmeansthattheserverisusedtohostawebcontent.
SharePointServices(n)~AfamilyofMicrosoftWeb-basedteamcollaboration
environmentsthatprovidetheabilitytocreateandaccessvirtualworkspacesformanaging
documents,discussions,lists,surveysandotherimportantcontextualinformationsuchas
teammemberstatusandpresence.
SharePointTools(n)~ThetoolsthataredesignedforusinginSharePoint.
SharePointTracingService(PN)~Aserviceresponsibleforwritingdiagnosticlogging
andusagelogginginformationfromSharePointapplicationstologfilesondisk.
SharePointTranslationServices(PN)~Acollectionofextensiblefeaturesthatallows
customerstousemachinetranslationorexternaltranslationvendorstotranslatetheir
websitecontent.
sharerfile(n)~Afileusingresourcesfromanotherfile,whichcanbeanotherprojectfile
orafilecontainingonlyresourceinformation,calledaresourcepool.
Sharingframe(n)~Indesktopsharing,aboxthatthepresentercandrawarounda
portionofthedesktoptoshareonlytheportionofthedesktopwithinthebox.
sharinginvitation(n)~Anotificationforsharingitems,suchascalendars,documentsor
folders,withothers.
sharingmode(n)~Theclientviewthatthepresenterseeswhenheorsheispresentinga
Sharingslide.
sharingsession(n)~Acollaborativemeetingorformalpresentationinwhichaparticipant
haschosentoshareanapplicationordesktop.
Sharingsidebar(n)~Anelementthatappearsontherightsideofalllist,library,and
calendarpagesthatarecontainedwithinBusinessApplications,andontherightsideof
pagescontainedinContactManager.TheSharingsidebarisaconvenientwaytomanage
permissionlevelsandaddnewuseraccounts,andisalsoaquickwaytopublishalistor
addaformtoyourpublicWebsite.
Sharingslide(n)~Aslideonwhichapresentercanshowasharedapplicationordesktop
toothermeetingparticipants.
sharpen(v)~Toenhancetheedgesofsubjectsinanimage.
SharpenandSoften(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertodigitallyalterapictureto
increaseordecreasethesharpnessoffocus.
sharpness(n)~Thedegreeofdetailintheedgesofsubjectsinanimage.
shear(v)~Todistortanobjectalongitshorizontal,vertical,orbothaxes.
shear(n)~Atransformationthatdistortsashapebyaspecifiedanglefromanaxis.The
resultisthatasquareisformedintoaparallelogram.Theskeworshearcanbeappliedin
morethanonedirectionatatime.
shearhandle(n)~Thehandleonanobject’sselectionrectanglethatyoudragtoshearthe
object.
sheet(n)~AprimarydocumentusedinExceltostoreandworkwithdata.Aworksheet
consistsofcellsthatareorganizedintocolumnsandrows;aworksheetisalwaysstoredin
aworkbook.
shelflife(n)~Theperiodoftimebetweenanitem’smanufacturedateanditsexpiration
date.
shell(n)~Thecommandinterpreterthatisusedtopasscommandstotheoperating
system.
Shell(PN)~TheoperatingsystemthatislocatedontheWindowsoperatingsysteminthe
Surfaceunit.TheShellincludesaccesspoints,Launcher,time-outs,out-of-orderscreen,
andusermode.
shellextension(n)~AsoftwarethatextendsthefunctionalityoftheWindowsExplorer
desktopshell.
Shellitem(n)~Anysinglepieceofcontent,suchasafile,folder,email,orcontact.
shelve(v)~Togroupasetofchangesintoashelveset.
shelvedfile(n)~Afiletemporarilystoringworkinprogress.
shelveset(n)~Asetofchanges,notyetcommitted,thatarenowlocatedintheserver.The
entirecontentsofthependingchanges,includingthechangestothemodifiedfiles
themselves,areincluded.
shelving(n)~Theprocessoftemporarilystoringworkinprogressinarepositorywithout
checkingtheminandsubmittingachangelist.
shift(v)~Inprogramming,tomovethebitvaluesonepositiontotheleftorrightina
registerormemorylocation.
shiftcode(n)~Acodethatrepresentsthetimeframethatanemployeewillbeassociated
towhenworkingonaparticularday.Theshiftcodedeterminesthestartingtime,the
hours,thelength,andtheearningcodetobepaid.
SHIFTkey(n)~Akeyboardkeythat,whenpressedincombinationwithanotherkey,
givesthatkeyanalternativemeaning,forexample,producinganuppercasecharacter
whenaletterkeyispressed.TheSHIFTkeyisalsousedinvariouskeycombinationsto
createnonstandardcharactersortoperformspecialoperations.
shiftregister(n)~Acircuitinwhichallbitsareshiftedonepositionateachclockcycle.It
canbeeitherlinear(abitisinsertedatoneendandlost’attheotherduringeachcycle)or
itcanbecyclicorlooped(the‘lost’bitisinsertedbackatthebeginning).’
shim(n)~Atraditionalwayofanalyzingthedatafromtwohookstothe.dlltodetermine
thingsliketimingandcalledAPIs.Thetoolinsertstheshimintothecodepathbetween
thecallingfunctionandtheintendedtargetfunction.
shinymedia(n)~ACDorDVDdiscontowhichfilescanbecopied.Commonwriteable
disctypesincludeCD-R,CD-RW,DVD-R,andDVD-RW.
shipdate(n)~Thedatethatitemsareshippedfromashippinglocation.
Shipmethod(n)~Alabelforafieldthatcontainsthevalueforshippingmethod’onthe
CreateNewAddressscreenintheAccountform.’
shipment(n)~Aquantityoffreightthatiscreatedagainstasourcedocumentsuchasa
salesorder,purchaseorder,ortransferorder,andthatistransportedfromanoriginpointto
adestinationpoint.Youcanconsolidateinboundoroutboundshipmentsthataregoingto
thesamedestinationpointintoasingleload.
shippingaddress(n)~Thelocationtowhichproductsthathavebeenorderedshouldbe
sent.
shippingandhandling(n)~Theprocessofpackinganddistributingmerchandisefora
charge.
shippingcalendar(n)~Thedaysthatthesellingcompanycanshipgoods.
shippinglabel(n)~Alabelthatisprintedwitharecipient’saddressandisusedtomailor
shipanitem.
shippingmethod(n)~Amethodoftransportationforgoodsorservices,suchasAir,
TruckorUPS.
Shippingupdates(PN)~Aquickviewthatdisplaysonlythee-mailmessagesthatcontain
shipmentinformation,suchasatrackingnumberandweblink.
ship-toaddress(n)~Thelocationtowhichproductsaretobesent.
ShivaPasswordAuthenticationProtocol(n)~Atwo-way,reversibleencryption
mechanismforauthenticatingPPPconnectionsemployedbyShivaremoteaccessservers.
Shockwave~AsoftwaretechnologyfromMacromediaIncformakinganimations,
games,soundandallkindsofspecialeffectsonawebpage.
shoot-‘em-up~Acomputergameinwhichyoucontrolacharacter,vehicleetcandshoot
lotsofonscreenenemies.Alsocalledan-FPS-(FirstPersonShooter).
shooter(PN)~Agamecategorythatemphasizesshootingactionormarksmanship.
shopfloorcontrol(n)~Asystemthatusesinformationfromthemanufacturingareaand
elsewheretocommunicatestatusaboutproductionordersandworkcentersforplanning
andmanagementpurposes.Shopfloorcontrolencompassesavarietyoffunctionsfor
managingpersonnel,materials,andprocesses,andsupportsplanning,scheduling,and
costingsystems.
Shopping(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatesshoppinginonlinestores.
shoppingbasketanalysis(PN)~Astandarddataminingalgorithmthatanalyzesalistof
transactionstomakepredictionsaboutwhichitemsaremostfrequentlypurchased
together.
shoppingcart(PN)~Alistofitemsthatacustomerhasselectedtopurchasefroma
commerceWebsite.Itisusuallycompiledintoafileandsometimesvisuallyrepresented
byashoppingbasket,shoppingcart,orothercontainerusedwhenshopping.
shoppingcart(n)~Avirtualcontainerthatstoresproductsthathavebeenselectedfor
purchasefroma-procurementcatalogoravendorcatalog.
shortdate(n)~Thestandardshortformatstodisplayadate.Forexample:MM/dd/yy;
dd/MM/yy
shortgrain(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofatypeofpaperwhichgrain
directionrunsparalleltotheshortedgeofthesheet.
ShortMessageService(PN)~Aserviceforwirelessproductsthatallowsuserstosend
andreceivebriefmessagesconsistingoftextandnumberstoandfrommobilephonesand
devices.
shortname(n)~AvalidMS-DOSorOS/28.3filename(withupto8charactersfollowed
byaperiodandanextensionofupto3characters)thatacomputerrunninganymemberof
theWindowsServer2003family,oranysimilaroperatingsystem,createsforevery
Macintoshfoldernameorfilenameontheserver.Personalcomputerusersrefertofiles
ontheserverbytheirshortnames;Macintoshusersrefertothembytheirlongnames.
Shorttones(PN)~Asettingforthephonekeyboardthatcausesakeytoproduceashort
durationtoneregardlessofhowlongthekeyispressed.
shortcut(n)~Alinktoanyitemaccessibleonyourcomputeroronanetwork,suchasa
programorapplication,file,folder,diskdrive,printer,oranothercomputer.Youcanput
shortcutsinvariousareas,suchasonthedesktop,ontheStartmenu,orinspecificfolders.
Shortcut~In-Windows-(from95on),atypeof-icon-whichletsyoulaunchaprogram
quickly,withouthavingtosearchforit.OftenplacedontheWindows-desktop-for
convenience.Usuallyhasasmallarrowinthebottomlefthandcorner,toshowitisa
shortcutratherthantheprogramitself.
shortcutgroup(n)~Oneofthegroupsofshortcutstofoldersthatcanbedisplayedinthe
Shortcutspane.
shortcutkey(n)~Anycombinationofkeysthatmustbepressedsimultaneously.
shortcutmenu(n)~Amenuthatisrelatedtotheactivewindoworitem,accessibleby
right-clickingthemouse.
shortcutmenuitem(n)~Acommanddisplayedintheshortcut(context)menu.Examples
includeopenandprint.
shortcuttrust(n)~Atrustthatismanuallycreatedbetweentwodomainsinthesame
forest.Thepurposeofashortcuttrustistooptimizetheinterdomainauthentication
processbyshorteningthetrustpath.Shortcuttrustsaretransitiveandcanbeone-wayor
two-way.
Shortcutspane(n)~TheareaintheNavigationPanethatcontainsshortcutsandshortcut
groups.ItcanbeaccessedbyusingtheShortcutsbuttonatthebottomoftheNavigation
Pane.ClickagroupintheShortcutspanetoshowtheshortcutsinthegroup.
shorthandproperty(n)~Atypeofpropertythatallowsauthorstospecifythevaluesof
severalpropertieswithasingleproperty.Forinstance,the‘font’propertyisashorthand
propertyforsetting‘font-style’,‘font-variant’,‘font-weight’,‘font-size’,‘line-height’,and
‘font-family’allatonce.
short-termdebt(n)~Acurrentobligationthatispayablewithinoneyear.
ShowExtendedView(v)~TheitemontheViewmenuthatdisplaysadditional
informationandactionsforeachcontactintheuser’scontactlist.
ShowFriendlyName(PN)~Aselectionthatdisplaysthefirstandlastname,insteadof
thee-mailaddressorsign-inname,foreachcontactintheuser’sContactslist.
ShowFullScreenVideo(oth)~ThebuttoninaVideoconversationwindowthatdisplays
thecurrentvideoconversationinfull-screenmode.
ShowLights(oth)~Amenucommandthatdisplaysthetransformationhandlesforall
lightsthatarepresentinthedocument.
Showmeasawaywhenmycomputerisidleforthistimeperiod:(oth)~Theoptionin
theOptionsdialogbox,ontheRulestab,thatchangestheuser’sstatustoAwayafterthe
computerhasbeenidlefortheselectedtimeperiod.
ShowTabs(v)~TheitemontheViewmenuthatdisplaystabsatthebottomofthe
Communicatorwindow,ifadditionaltabsareinstalled.
ShowTimeAs(PN)~Thefieldnamefortheconfirmationstatususedtocategorizehow
firmlyaserviceactivityhasbeenscheduled.TheoptionsincludeRequested,Tending,
Pending,Reserved,InProgress,andArrived.
show/hide(v)~Torevealorconcealinformationonascreen,suchaswebpagemodulesor
detailsaboutaperson.
showcase(v)~Topresentprominentlyorhighlightaproject,product,scenario,etc.
showcase(n)~AtoolinaclassofPartnerPortaltools,whichpresentsprominentlyor
highlights.Forexample,theSolutionShowcasetoolismeanttohighlightpartnerbusiness
solutions.
Showcase(PN)~Theoptionbuttonthatmodifiesacardbyallowinguserstomake
selectedcontentfeelmoreorlessprominentbyapplyingStructure-specifictreatments,
basedontheselectedlevel.
showplan(n)~AreportshowingtheexecutionplanforanSQLstatement.
ShowSounds(n)~Afeaturethatinstructsprogramsthatusuallyconveyinformationonly
bysoundtoalsoprovideallinformationvisually,suchasbydisplayingtextcaptionsor
informativeicons.
Showtunes(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#69.
shrink(v)~Toremoveunusedspacefromdatatables.
S-HTTP(n)~AprotocolthatprovidesasecureHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)
connection.
shuffle(n)~Amenuitemthatallowstheplaybackalloftheitemsinaplaylistonce,in
randomorder.Playbackendswhenalloftheitemsinthelisthavebeenplayedonetime.
shuffle(v)~Topresentitemswithinasetinnoestablishedorder,asopposedtoordering
itemsbyname,bydatetaken,bysize,etc.,andtypicallyusedwithaudioandvisual
media,suchasalbumsongorderorphotoslideshows.
shuffleall(PN)~Amenuitemthatallowstheplaybackalloftheitemsinaplaylistonce,
inrandomorder.Playbackendswhenalloftheitemsinthelisthavebeenplayedone
time.
shufflemask(n)~Aformofdataobfuscationtoprotectdatathatisclassifiedaspersonal
identifiabledata,personalsensitivedataorcommerciallysensitivedatawheredatais
randomlyshuffledwithinthesamecolumn.
shutdown(v)~Toclosetheoperatingsysteminanorderlyfashion.
ShutDown(v)~Amenuitemthatprovidesoptionsforrestartingorturningoffyour
computerordevice,orforactivatingStandByorHibernatemodes.
shutdown(n)~Theprocessofquittingallprogramsbeforeclosingtheoperatingsystem.
shut-down(adj)~Havingcharacteristicsoftheprocessofquittingallprogramsbefore
turningoffthecomputer.
ShutterBar(n)~ThebarthatreplacestheNavigationPaneinAccesswhenitis
minimized.
shutterspeed(n)~Theamountoftimeashutterisopenduringexposuretoallowthelight
toreachthefilmor,indigitalcameras,theimagesensor.
SHV(n)~Aserversoftwarecounterparttoasystemhealthagent(SHA).Asystemhealth
validatorverifiesthestatementofhealth(SoH)madebyitsrespectiveSHA.
SI(PN)~Theinternationalmetricsystemofunitsofmeasurement.
sibling(n)~Aprocessornodeinadatatreethatisdescendedfromthesameimmediate
ancestor(s)asotherprocessesornodes.
siblingsite(n)~Asiteonthesamehierarchytierthathasthesameparentsiteasanother
site.
siblingwindow(n)~Achildwindowthathasthesameparentwindowasoneormore
otherchildwindows.
SICcode(n)~Afour-digitnumberassignedbytheU.S.governmenttodesignatethe
economicactivityofbusinesses.
SID(n)~InWindows-basedsystems,auniquevaluethatidentifiesauser,group,or
computeraccountwithinanenterprise.EveryaccountisissuedaSIDwhenitiscreated.
SidebySide(adj)~Pertainingtoatypeoflayoutthatdisplaysthecontentsofwindows
onenexttoanotheronthescreen.
sideeffect(n)~Anychangeofstatecausedbyasubroutine,suchasaroutinethatreadsa
valuefromafileandadvancesthecurrentfileposition.
sidegesture(n)~Agesturewheretheuserinteractswiththesideofthephonetousean
experience.
sidepane(n)~ApanedisplayedontheleftsideoftheProjectandProjectWebAccess
interfaces.InProject,thesidepanecontainsProjectGuideinformation;inProjectWeb
Access,thesidepanecontainslinks.
sidepanel(n)~ThepanelthatcoversalongsideofacentralprocessingunitorSurface
unit.
sidebar(n)~Agraphicaluserinterfaceelementthatdisplaysinformationtothesideofan
application.
side-by-sideexecution(n)~Theabilitytoinstallandusemultipleversionsofanassembly
inisolationatthesametime.Side-by-sideexecutioncanapplytoapplicationsand
componentsaswellastothe.NETFramework.Allowingassembliestocoexistandto
executesimultaneouslyonthesamecomputerisessentialtosupportrobustversioningin
thecommonlanguageruntime.
side-by-sidehosting(n)~Theloadingandactivationofmultipleversionsofthecommon
languageruntimewithinthesameprocess.
Side-foldcard(n)~OneofthepagesizeoptionsavailableinPublisherforprintinga
foldedcard.Thisoptionprintsfourpagespersheetofpaper,withfoldonleft.
sideload(v)~ToloadappsthatwerenotdistributedviatheWindowsStore,usuallyfor
testinganappbeforeitisreadyforsale.
sideloading(n)~TheprocessofloadingappsthatwerenotdistributedviatheWindows
Store,usuallyfortestinganappbeforeitisreadyforsale.
SideShow(PN)~AfeatureinWindowsthatusesadd-inprograms,orgadgets,toextend
informationfromyourcomputerontosecondarydisplays.
Siena(PN)~AWindowsStoreappwithwhichausercancreateapps,suchasfora
businessoranenterprise,withouthavingtolearnaprogramminglanguage,suchasVisual
BasicorVisualC#.
SIF(n)~AvideoformatthatisaversionofCIFandisspecifictoNTSCorPALtelevision
standards.SIFhas352x240non-squarepixelsforNTSC
sign(v)~Tobindanidentity,suchasanetworklogin,hardwareID,orcertificate,toa
message,file,orotherpieceofdigitallyencodedinformation.
signbit(n)~Themostsignificant,orleftmost,bitofanumberfield,usuallysetto1ifthe
numberisnegative.
signin(v)~TocreateausersessionforanInternetaccount.Forexample,yousignintoa
Microsoftaccount,anInternetserviceprovideraccount,orSkype.
SignIn(v)~AUIelementthatcreatesausersessionorestablishesuseraccesstoa
service.
Signinas(PN)~Thelabelforthelistthatenablesausertoselectastatusbeforesigning
in.PossiblestatusoptionsareAvailable,Busy,DoNotDisturb,andsoon.
Signinwithyourworkorschoolaccount(oth)~Asign-inphrasetoaworkorschool
account.
signout(v)~ToendausersessionforanInternetaccount.Forexample,yousignoutofa
Microsoftaccount,anInternetserviceprovideraccount,orSkype.
SignOut(v)~AUIelementthatendsausersessionorexitsaservice.
signup(v)~Toenrollinaservice,oftenresultinginsettingupanewaccount.
signal(n)~Abeeportonefromacomputer’sspeakerorapromptdisplayedonscreenthat
tellsauserthatthecomputerisreadytoreceiveinput.
signal(n)~Anotificationofaneventthattriggersanactivity.
SignalAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatisusedtosendsignalstotheOfficeGraph.
signalevent(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,anindicationthatoneobjecthas
receivedasignalfromanother.Asignalcanbedeclaredbyusingthekeywordsignalona
classinaclassdiagram.
signature(n)~Animageofalegally-bindingsignaturethatisstoredandprintedon
checksasappropriate.
signature(n)~Datathatbindsasender’sidentitytotheinformationbeingsent.Adigital
signaturemaybebundledwithanymessage,file,orotherdigitallyencodedinformation,
ortransmittedseparately.Digitalsignaturesareusedinpublickeyenvironmentsand
provideauthenticationandintegrityservices.
signature(n)~Auniquealgorithmorstatichashvalueusedtoidentifyaspecificinstance
ofmaliciouscodeorpotentiallyunwantedsoftware.
signature(PN)~Thelistoftypesinvolvedinthedefinitionofamethod,field,property,or
localvariable.Foramethod,thesignatureincludesitsname,numberofparametersand
theirtypes,thetypeitreturns(ifany),anditscallingconvention(defaultorvararg).The
signatureforapropertyissimilartothatofamethod.Thesignatureforfieldsandlocal
variablesissimplytheirtype(forexample,array[0..5]ofint).
signature(n)~Textthatisautomaticallyaddedtooutgoinge-mailmessages,typically
usedtoidentifythesender.
signaturecertificate(n)~Acertificatethatidentifiesthecertificationauthority(CA)that
issuesserverandclientauthenticationcertificatestotheserversandclientsthatrequest
thesecertificates.
signatureline(n)~Acontrolthatallowsuserstodigitallysignaformordocument.
signaturerequest(n)~ArequesttosignanXPSdocument.
SignatureSetup(n)~Thetitleforadialogthatspecifieshowasignaturelineshouldbe
signed,includinginstructionsforsigners.
signatureupdate(n)~Acollectionofsignaturesthataddstothedetectioncapabilityof
thescanner.
signatureword(n)~Atwo-bytedatastructurewrittenattheendofthebootsectorafter
thebootstrapcode.Usedbythebootstraploadertodeterminethattheendofbootsector
hasbeenreached.
Signed-unverified(n)~Contenthasbeenhashedbutcouldnotbeverifiedasvalid
againstthesignature.
Signed-verified(n)~Contenthasbeenhashedandverifiedasvalidagainstthesignature.
Thecertificateusedtoverifythesignatureis-€œvalid-€?inthesensethatithasa
relationshiptoatrustedcertificateauthority(andisn’texpired,etc.)
signeddriver(n)~AdriverthatmeetsthecriteriaoftheWindowsLogoProgram.For
performanceandstability,Microsoftstronglyrecommendsthatyouuseonlysigned
driversforneworupdateddrivers.
signedin(adj)~Pertainingtoanagentwhoisbothsubscribedtoagroupandactively
takingcallsforthatgroup.Whilegroupscanbedefinedtoautomaticallysigninagents,
othersallowtheagenttospecifywhetherhe/sheissignedin.
signedinteger(n)~Anintegerthathasapositiveornegativesign.
significance(n)~OneoftheargumentsoftheFLOORfunction.
significantother(PN)~Usuallythespouseordomesticpartnerofacontact.Detailthat
canbeaddedtoacontact’sprofile,listedunderother.”
sign-in(n)~Thecredentials(usernameandpassword)thatapersonusestogainaccessto
aservice,networkserver,etc.
sign-inallowedusers(n)~AsetofusersofOffice365whohavetheirsign-inprivileges
allowed.ItisalsothenameofaviewintheusersandgroupssectionofOffice365.
sign-inblockedusers(n)~AsetofusersofOffice365whohavetheirsign-inpriveleges
blocked.ItisalsothenameofaviewintheusersandgroupssectionofOffice365.
sign-ininfo(n)~Informationthatincludesidentificationandproofofidentificationthatis
usedtogainaccesstolocalandnetworkresources.Examplesofcredentialsareuser
namesandpasswords,smartcards,andcertificates.
sign-ininformation(n)~Informationthatincludesidentificationandproofof
identificationthatisusedtogainaccesstolocalandnetworkresources.Examplesof
credentialsareusernamesandpasswords,smartcards,andcertificates.
sign-inname(n)~TheIDthattheuserenterstosignintoLyncorCommunicator.
SigningServicesforOffice(n)~ThedigitalsignaturefunctionalityincludingDigital
Signatures,electronicsignatures,MarkAsFinalandElectronicPostmarks.
signoffqueue(n)~Aqueuetypethatisusedforreportsthattheuserhasnotseenbefore.
Itisutilizedwhenauserisnottobenotifiedwhentheeventoccurs,butistobenotified
priortoreportingtheevent.
sign-upaddress(n)~Ane-mailaddressthatausercancreatetousewhentheybuy
productsonlineorregisterforupdatesfromaWebsiteanddon’twanttousetheirmaine-
mailaddress.
silent(PN)~Astatusdisplayedwhenthephonesoundvolumeissetto0andvibrationis
off.
silentactivation(n)~Atypeofactivationthatisperformedwithoutanyuserinteraction.
silentinstallation(n)~Aninstallationthatrunsunattendedanddoesnotrequireanyuser
inputafterithasbeenstarted.
silentprocessexit(n)~Silentandunexpectedprocessterminationbytheprocessitselfor
byanotherapplication.
silentRIP(n)~ThecapabilityofacomputertolistenforandprocessRoutingInformation
Protocol(RIP)announcementsbutwithoutannouncingitsownroutes.
silentsetup(n)~Aninstallationthatrunsunattendedanddoesnotrequireanyuserinput
afterithasbeenstarted.
SiliconValley~AnicknamefortheregionsouthofSanFranciscothatcontainsan
unusuallyhighconcentrationofcomputercompanies.Siliconisthemostcommon
semiconductormaterialusedtoproducechips.
silvercompetency(n)~AqualificationthatdistinguishesaMicrosoftpartnercompany
thathasdemonstratedaveryhighlevelofexpertisewithinaspecificskillset.Asilver
competencyindicatesthatacompanyiswithinthetop5percentofMicrosoftpartners
worldwide.
Silverlightbusinessapplication(n)~Atemplatethatprovidesmanycommonfeaturesfor
buildingabusinessapplicationwithaSilverlightclient.ItutilizesWCFRIAServicesfor
authenticationandregistrationservices.
SilverlightDevelopmentKit(n)~Thepackagewhichcontainsdocumentation,online
samples,quickstartsandtoolsfordevelopingSilverlightapplications.
Silverlightplug-in(n)~Aplug-inthatusersdownloadtorunaSilverlight-based
applicationintheirbrowser.ThistermalsoreferstothecomponentembeddedinaWeb
pagethatrendersSilverlightcontent.
SilverlightXAPfile(n)~TheSilverlightapplicationthatisdownloadedtotheclient
browserandenablesSmoothStreaming.XAPfilesareessentially.zipfilesthatcontainan
assemblymanifestfileandoneormoreassemblies.
SIM(n)~Asmartcardthatstoresasubscriber’spersonalidentifier,billinginformation,
anddata.
SIMcard(n)~Asmartcardthatstoresasubscriber’spersonalidentifier,billing
information,anddata.
SIMPIN(n)~Atypeofpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN)fortheSIMcard,consisting
of4digits,thatisusedtogainaccesstoyourmobilephone.
SIMsecurity(PN)~AtoggleswitchthatyoutaptoenteraSIMPIN.
SIMslot(n)~Thehardwareslot(ortray)inwhichaSIMcardisplaced.Somephones
havemorethanoneSIMslot.
Sim,sim-free~(SubscriberIdentityModule)-Achipsmallerthanaman’sthumbnail,
whichcontainsthenumberandnetworksubscriptionofamobilephone,andsometimes
otherdata.Movethechiptoanotherphone,andthephonenumbermoveswithit.Asim-
freephoneisoneboughtwithoutanumberandnottiedtoanyparticularnetwork.There
arecurrentlythreetypesofdifferentsizes.ThestandardSIMisthelargest,usedinolder
phones,thesmallermicro-andnano-SIMsareusedinthelatestsmartphones.
similarevents(n)~Eventsthatresembleoneanotherandwherecriteriasimilarity
dependsonthetypeofevent.
similaritymatrix(n)~Amatrixofscoresthatrepresentsthesimilaritybetweenanumber
ofdatapoints.
SIMM(n)~Asmallcircuitboard,designedtoaccommodatesurface-mountmemory
chips,witha32-bitdatapathandconnectorsthatareonthesamecircuitandthatrespond
tothesamesignal.
SIMM~(SingleIn-lineMemoryModule;pr.‘sim’)Alargelyobsoletetypeof-RAM-for
olderPCs.Replacedby-DIMM.
simple(adj)~Pertainingtotheresiliencytypeforavolumethatstripesdataacross
physicaldiskswithnoresiliencyinaMicrosoftStorageSpacesstoragepool.
SimpleAuthenticationandSecurityLayer(PN)~Anopenframework,describedin
RequestforComments(RFC)2222,foraddingauthenticationsupporttoconnection-based
protocols.
SimpleCertificateEnrollmentProtocol(PN)~APublicKeyInfrastructure(PKI)
communicationprotocolthatdefinesthecommunicationbetweennetworkdevicesanda
RegistrationAuthority(RA)forcertificateenrollment.
simpleclient(n)~Atypeofcacheclientthatdoesnothavearoutingtableandthusdoes
notneednetworkconnectivitytoallcachehostsinthecachecluster.Becausedata
travelingtosimpleclientsfromtheclustermayneedtotravelacrossmultiplecachehosts,
simpleclientsmaynotperformasfastasaroutingclients.
SimpleControlProtocol(PN)~Alightweightprotocolthatenablessmalldevicesto
communicatewitheachotheroverlow-speednetworks.
simplefeature(n)~Afeaturewithallgeometricattributesdescribedpiecewiseby
straight-lineorplanarinterpolationbetweensetsofpointsasdefinedbytheOpen
GeospatialConsortium.
SimpleFiltertab(n)~Atab,foundontheActionmenu,intheFilterReportselection,
thatenablestheusertoselectorfilterrecordswiththewantedvalues.
simpleindicator(n)~Thetitleofadialogthatenablesuserstosetupasimpleindicator
bysettingthename,description,value,goal,statusicon,etc.
simplekeyframe(n)~Inananimationtimeline,atypeofkeyframethatindicatesasingle
propertychangeatapointintime.
SimpleMailTransferProtocol(n)~AmemberoftheTCP/IPsuiteofprotocolsthat
governstheexchangeofelectronicmailbetweenmessagetransferagents.
simplemapping(n)~ThemappingthatisautomaticallyestablishedwhenUserName
MappingmapsWindowsdomainuserstoUNIXuserswiththesamenames.
SimpleMarkupview(PN)~Aviewfortrackedchangesthatclearlyidentifieswhere
changesandcommentsareinadocument,andgivesyoueasyaccesstothem,without
detractingfromthereadability.
simplenetwork(n)~Atypeofoperationsnetworkinwhichoneoperationisstartedand
completedbeforethenextoperationbegins.
SimpleNetworkManagementProtocol(n)~AnetworkprotocolusedtomanageTCP/IP
networks.InWindows,theSimpleNetworkManagementProtocol(SNMP)serviceis
usedtoprovidestatusinformationaboutahostonaTCP/IPnetwork.
SimpleNetworkManagementProtocoltrap(n)~AnunsolicitedSimpleNetwork
ManagementProtocol(SNMP)packetsentfromoneSNMPentitytoanotherusuallyin
responsetoastimulusoraneventonthesendingentity.
SimpleObjectAccessProtocol(n)~Asimple,XML-basedprotocolforexchanging
structureddataandtypeinformationontheWorldWideWeb.Theprotocoliscurrentlythe
defactostandardforXMLmessaging.
simplePIDL(n)~APIDLthatisparsedwithoutdiskverification.
simplerecoverymodel(n)~Adatabaserecoverymodethatminimallylogsall
transactionssufficientlytoensuredatabaseconsistencyafterasystemcrashorafter
restoringadatabackup.Thedatabaseisrecoverableonlyuptothetimeofitsmostrecent
databackup,andrestoringindividualpagesisunsupported.
simpleshape(n)~Ashapeinanorchestrationthatcannotbecollapsedandcannotcontain
othershapes.
simplestyle(n)~AstylethatisusedforExpressionBlendcontrolsthatcontainsimplified
templatesbaseduponthesetofWindowsPresentationFoundationsystemcontrols.
SimpleTCP/IPServices(n)~FourTCP/IPservices:CharacterGenerator,Daytime
Discard,Echo,andQuoteoftheDay.
simpletype(n)~Primitivetypethatisusedfordefiningpropertiesintheconceptual
schema.
simpletype(n)~Anelementthatcanonlycontaintextandappearsas<simpleType>in
anXMLdocument,oranyattributeofanelement.Attributesareconsideredsimpletypes
becausetheycontainonlytext.
simplevolume(n)~Adynamicvolumemadeupofdiskspacefromasingledynamic
disk.Asimplevolumecanconsistofasingleregiononadiskormultipleregionsofthe
samediskthatarelinkedtogether.
simplifiedsharing(n)~AstreamlinedprocessforsharingOfficedocumentswithothers.
simulateddeployment(n)~Aconfigurationoptionthatletsyouassesshowaccurateyour
applicationrulesarebeforeyoudeployanapplication.
SimulatedGambling(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
Simulation(PN)~TheGamessubcategorycontaininggamesthatsimulateanexperience,
forexample,MicrosoftFlightSimulator.
simultaneousoperations(n)~Atypeofoperationsnetworkinwhichmultipleoperations
takeplaceatthesametimeandmustbecompletedbeforemovingontothenext
operation.
singleclick(n)~Onemouseclick(usuallywiththeleftmousebutton).
SingleConnect(PN)~AcollectionoffeaturesdesignedtoimproveGroove’s
communicationsinfrastructureandroutingmodelinordertoincreaseefficiencyand
performance.
singlecopycluster(n)~AclusteredExchangedeploymentthatusessharedstorageand
canhavemultipleactiveandpassiveservers(referredtoasnodes)dedicatedtoaclustered
mailboxserver.
Singledatatype(n)~Adatatypethatstoressingle-precisionfloating-pointvariablesas
32-bit(4-byte)floating-pointnumbersranginginvaluefrom-3.402823E38to
-1.401298E-45fornegativevaluesand1.401298E-45to3.402823E38forpositivevalues.
SingleDatabase(PN)~Fullyisolateddatabaseoptimizedforworkloadswhen
performancedemandsarepredictable.
SingleEuroPaymentsArea(PN)~AEuropeanbankingindustryinitiativethatenables
secureelectronicpaymenttransfersbetweenbankaccountswithinandacrosseuroareas.
SingleInstanceStore(n)~Acomponentthatsavesdiskspaceontheserverby
maintainingasinglephysicalcopyofallidenticalfilesfound.IfSISfindsaduplicatefile
ontheserver,itcopiestheoriginalfileintotheSISstoreandleavesalinkwherethe
originalresided.ThistechnologyisusedonlywithRemoteInstallationServices.
singleinstancing(n)~Atechniqueusedwithinthefile-basedimagingprocessthatallows
youtostoretwoormorecopiesofafileforthespacecostofonecopy.
singlelanguagepack(n)~Asetoflanguageresourcesthatsupportsthedeploymentofa
softwareprograminaparticularlanguage.
singlenodeservercluster(n)~Aclusterconfigurationthathasonenodeandthatcanbe
configuredwithorwithoutexternalclusterstoragedevices.Forasinglenodecluster
withoutanexternalclusterstoragedevice,thelocaldiskisconfiguredasthecluster
storagedevice.Thereareadvantagesandlimitationsforeachclusterconfiguration(single
nodeservercluster,singlequorumdeviceservercluster,andmajoritynodesetserver
cluster).
SinglePaymentClassificationCode(PN)~AStandardEntryClassACHcodethat
describesatypeoffinancialtransaction.
singlephoto(n)~Acameraoptiontocapturejustoneimagewhentheuserpressesthe
camerabutton.
singlepostpane(n)~Thepartoftheproductthatdisplaysasinglepostwithallits
content.Thesinglepostpanealsorendersavailablethreadstothepost.
singlequorumdeviceservercluster(n)~Aclusterconfigurationthathastwoormore
nodesandthatisconfiguredsothateverynodeisattachedtooneormoreclusterstorage
device.Theclusterconfigurationdataisstoredonasingleclusterstoragedevice.There
areadvantagesandlimitationsforeachclusterconfiguration(singlenodeservercluster,
singlequorumdeviceservercluster,andmajoritynodesetservercluster).
singlesession-onlydisc(n)~Arecordablemedia(suchasCD-RW)towhichyoucanonly
writeoncewithoutreformatting.
singlesign-on(n)~Anauthenticationprocessthatpermitsausertologontoasystem
oncewithasinglesetofcredentialstoaccessmultipleapplicationsorservices.
singlesign-ondaemon(n)~AdaemononaWindows-basedcomputerthatreceivesan
encryptedpasswordanddecryptsitbeforerequestingapasswordchangeontheUNIX
host.
SingleSign-Onserver(n)~TheserveronwhichtheEnterpriseSingleSign-On(SSO)
serviceisinstalled.
SingleSign-Onservices(n)~Servicesthatenablesinglesign-onforadaptersby
accessingcredentialsintheSSOCredentialdatabase.Theseservicesareusedtomanage
andadministertheCredentialdatabase.Asaconfigurationstore,theseservicesareusedto
accessconfigurationdataforadapters.
singlestepping(n)~Adebuggingtechniquethatenablesyoutorunamacrooneactionat
atimeorrunVisualBasiccodeonelineatatime.
singleswitchdevice(n)~Anassistivecomputertechnologyforpeoplewithmobility
impairments.Asingleswitchdeviceallowsuserstointeractwithacomputerbyusing
slightbodymovements.
singleusekanban(n)~Atypeofkanbanthatisusedwithafixedquantitykanbanruleto
meetexceptionallyhighdemand.Asingleusekanbandoesnottriggeranewkanbanwhen
itisdiscarded.
single-bytecharacterset(n)~Acharacterencodinginwhicheachcharacteris
representedby1byte.Singlebytecharactersetsaremathematicallylimitedto256
characters.
single-documentinterface(n)~Aspecificationaccordingtowhicheachopendocument
occupiesitsownwindowintheUI,thoughonlyasingleinstanceoftheprogram
applicationisrunning.
single-hopconnection(n)~Aconnectionthatgoesfromonecomputertoanother
computer.
single-labeldomain(n)~Adomain,website,orotherdirectorywhosenameconsistsofa
singlechunk,suchascontoso
single-mappedcell(n)~Acellthathasbeenlinkedtoanon-repeatingelementinanXML
map.
single-paneview(n)~Awindowinwhichonlyoneviewappears,suchastheTaskSheet,
NetworkDiagramview,ResourceGraphview,orCalendarview.
single-photonemissioncomputedtomography(n)~Atypeofcomputedtomography
(CT)scaninwhichasmallamountofaradioactivedrugisinjectedintoavein.
single-precision(adj)~Oforpertainingtoafloating-pointnumberhavingtheleast
precisionamongtwoormoreoptionscommonlyofferedbyaprogramminglanguage,
suchassingle-precisionversusdouble-precision.
single-rootI/Ovirtualization(n)~FunctionalitythatenablesSR-IOV-€“capabledevices,
e.g.networkadapters,tobeassigneddirectlytovirtualmachines.
single-selectionlistbox(n)~Alistboxthatsupportsonlyselectionofasingleiteminthe
list.
SingleSKU(PN)~AWindowsdeliverytechnologythatprovidesaneditionupgrade-
€œpath-€?wherecustomersandOEMscanmovefromalowertoahighereditionwithin
aneditionfamilyonanactiveinstalledOS.AnexamplewouldbeaRetaileditionfamily
thatincludesHomeBasic,HomePremium,Professional,andUltimate,andwhichallows
foreasiermovesbetweeneditions.
single-threadedapartment(n)~Anapartmentthatconsistsofexactlyonethread.
single-usecode(n)~Acode,whichcanbeusedonlyonce,thatcanbeusedinplaceofa
passwordtosignin.
single-usermode(n)~Astateinwhichonlyoneusercanaccessaresource.
sink(n)~Adeviceorpartofadevicethatreceivessomethingfromanotherdevice.
SIP(n)~Astandardsignalingprotocolforestablishingmulti-mediacommunications
sessionsbetweentwoormoreusersoveranIPnetwork.
SIP(n)~Asoftwareaccessorythatenablesyoutouseavarietyofdirectinputmethods
(suchashandwriting,speech,touch,stylus,gestures,andsoon)tointeractwithWindows-
basedprograms.Aninputpanelcanincludeawritingpadandacharacterpadtoconvert
handwritingintotypedtextormathematicalequations,andanon-screenkeyboardtoenter
individualcharacters.
SIPdomain(n)~AdomainthatisconfiguredtoacceptSIPtraffic.
SIPphone(n)~Adesktoptelephonethat,inadditiontoprovidingstandardtelephony
features,connectstotheInternetthroughSIP.
SIPtrunking(n)~Amechanismforconnectingthevoicenetworkofanenterprisetoa
serviceproviderthatofferspublicswitchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN)origination,
termination,andemergencyserviceswithoutdeployingPSTNgateways.
SIP/PSTNgateway(n)~Adevicethattranslatessignalingandmediaindifferentformats
betweentheEnterpriseVoiceinfrastructureandapublicswitchedtelephonenetwork
(PSTN)orprivatebranchexchange(PBX).
SIR~(SerialInfraRed).AwirelesscommunicationsystemforPCsandperipherals,
especiallylaptops.Onlyworkswhenthedevicesareinline-of-sightofeachother.
Siri~Avoice-controlledAIonApplesmartphonesandtabletswhichcanbeusedto
controlsomefeaturesofthedevice.
SIS(n)~Acomponentthatsavesdiskspaceontheserverbymaintainingasinglephysical
copyofallidenticalfilesfound.IfSISfindsaduplicatefileontheserver,itcopiesthe
originalfileintotheSISstoreandleavesalinkwheretheoriginalresided.This
technologyisusedonlywithRemoteInstallationServices.
site(n)~Oneormorewell-connected(highlyreliableandfast)TCP/IPsubnets.Asite
allowsadministratorstoconfigureActiveDirectoryaccessandreplicationtopologyto
takeadvantageofthephysicalnetwork.
site(n)~AgroupofrelatedwebpagesthatishostedbyanHTTPserverontheWorld
WideWeboranintranet.Thepagesinawebsitetypicallycoveroneormoretopicsand
areinterconnectedthroughhyperlinks.
site(n)~Abusinesslocationtowhichresourcesareassigned.Asiteisusedtoensurethat
allresourcesrequiredforaserviceareinthesamephysicallocation.
site(n)~Acollectionoffilesandmetadatathatcomprisesacompletewebsitewhen
publishedtoanHTTPserverontheWorldWideWeb.
siteanalysis(n)~TheprocessofvisitingallthepagesofaWebsitetogatherinformation
aboutthestructureofthesite.TheIISSEOSiteAnalysisfeatureperformsasiteanalysis
todiscoverviolationsofbestpracticesforsearchengineoptimization.
siteassignment(n)~Theprocessofincludingselectedresourcesinan
SMS/ConfigurationManagersite.
siteassignmentrules(n)~AgroupofboundariesthatanSMS/ConfigurationManager
administratordefinesforanSMS/ConfigurationManagersite.SMS/Configuration
Managerusestheserulestodeterminewhichresourcesandclientsareassignedtothesite.
siteboundary(n)~Asiteproperty,specifiedusingIPsubnetsandActiveDirectorysites,
thatdefinestheresourcesthatthesitemanages.
sitecertificate(n)~AuniquedigitalidentificationthatformsthebasisoftheSecure
SocketsLayer(SSL)securityfeaturesonaWebsite.Servercertificatesareobtainedfrom
atrusted,third-partyorganizationcalledacertificationauthority,andtheyprovideaway
foruserstoauthenticatetheidentityofaWebsite.
sitecertificate(n)~Acertificatethatidentifiesthecertificationauthority(CA)thatissues
serverandclientauthenticationcertificatestotheserversandclientsthatrequestthese
certificates.
SiteClient(PN)~AtypeofGrooveworkspacethatisanoffline,personalcopyofa
SharePointsiteandiskeptinsyncwiththecorrespondingSharePointsiteprovidinga
convenientwayofworkingwithSharePointcontent,evenwhentheSharePointsiteisnot
available.
sitecode(n)~Athree-charactercodethatSMS/ConfigurationManagerusestouniquely
identifyanSMS/ConfigurationManagersite.Thesitecodeisspecifiedduringthesite
installationandcannotbechangedafterinstallation.Thevalidcharactersforsitecodesare
AthroughZand0through9.
sitecollection(n)~AsetofWebsitesthathavethesameownerandshareadministration
settings.Eachsitecollectioncontainsatop-levelsite,cancontainoneormoresubsites,
andmayhaveasharednavigationstructure.
sitecollectionadministrator(n)~Auserwhohasadministrativepermissionsforasite
collection.
sitecollectionflag(n)~A4-byteunsignedintegerbitmaskthatspecifiestheproperties
thatareglobaltoasitecollection.Oneormorevaluescanbesetforthisbitmask.
sitecollectionidentifier(n)~AGUIDthatidentifiesasitecollection.Instored
procedures,theidentifieristypically@SiteIdor@WebSiteId.Indatabases,theidentifier
istypicallySiteId/tp_SiteId.
SiteCollectionImages(n)~Asystemlibraryusedtostoreimagesthatareused
throughoutthesitecollection.Providesversioning,check-in/check-out,searchandvisual
browsecapabilities.
sitecollectionquota(n)~Anoptionforasitecollectionthatallowsadministratorstoset
levelsformaximumstorageallowed,maximumnumberofusersallowed,andwarnings
thatareassociatedwiththemaximumlevels.
sitecollectionsolutiongallery(n)~Acapabilitythatenablessitecollection
administratorstomanageandaddnewsolutionstotheirsitecollections.
SiteComponentManager(PN)~Aservicethatprovideschangeandconfiguration
servicesforsites,includinginstallations.
sitecontenttype(n)~Anamedanduniquelyidentifiablecollectionofsettingsandfields
thatstoremetadataforlistswithinindividualsites.
sitecontrolfile(n)~AnASCIItextfile(suchasSitectrl.ct0)thatcontainsthesettingsof
anSMS/ConfigurationManagersite.
sitedatabaseserver(n)~AnConfigurationManagersitesystemroleassignedtothe
computerthathoststheConfigurationManagersitedatabase(aSQLServerdatabase).
Thecomputermightormightnotbethesiteserver.
SiteDesigner(n)~AtoolthatisusedtocreateandpersonalizesubscriberWebsites.
SiteDirectory(PN)~Thenameofthecentrallocationfromwhichtoviewandaccessall
Websitesassociatedwithaspecificportalsite.
SiteFolders(PN)~Aconsolidatedviewofallsitesthatauserhasfollowed.
sitegate(n)~AMessageQueuingserverthatisconfiguredtoroutemessagesbetween
sitesonbehalfofotherclientsusingMessageQueuingservers.
sitehop(n)~TheactoffollowingalinkfromoneWebsitetoasiteorpageonanother
serverwhencrawlingforcontent.
sitelicense(n)~Apurchaseagreementforusingmultiplecopiesofthesamesoftwareata
businessoraninstitution,usuallyatavolumediscount.
sitelicense~Alicensethatgivesacustomerpermissiontouseasoftwarepackageon
morethanonesystem.Sitelicensesprovideabulkratetocompaniesandschoolsthat
wanttousesoftwareonmanycomputers.
sitelink(n)~AnActiveDirectoryobjectthatrepresentsasetofsitesthatcan
communicateatuniformcostthroughsomeintersitetransport.ForInternetProtocol(IP)
transport,atypicalsitelinkconnectsjusttwositesandcorrespondstoanactualwidearea
network(WAN)link.AnIPsitelinkconnectingmorethantwositesmightcorrespondto
anasynchronoustransfermode(ATM)backboneconnectingmorethantwoclustersof
buildingsonalargecampusorseveralofficesinalargemetropolitanareaconnectedvia
leasedlinesandIProuters.
SiteLinkAccount(n)~Theaccountthatisusedtomakeaconnectiontoanothersitein
thesamehierarchy.
sitemailbox(n)~AnExchangemailboxthatisassociatedwithaSharePointsite,enabling
userstoaccessdocumentsandemailrelatedtogroupprojectsthrougheitherOutlookor
SharePoint.
SiteManager(PN)~TheAzureservicethatletsyoucoordinatethereplicationand
recoveryofSystemCenter2012privatecloudsatasecondarylocation.
sitemap(n)~AfileorotherstorethatdescribesthelogicallayoutofaWebsite(as
distinctfromthephysicallayoutofpages).Sitemapsareusedbysitenavigationcontrols
todisplaynavigationusingamenu,treeview,orSiteMapPath(breadcrumb)control.
sitemap(n)~AWebsitefilethatliststheURLsintheWebsitethatareavailablefor
searchenginestoindex.
sitemapfile(n)~AWebsitefilethatliststheURLsintheWebsitethatareavailablefor
searchenginestoindex.
sitemapindex(n)~AWebsitefilethatliststhelocationsofsitemapfilesonaWebsite.
sitenavigation(n)~InASP.NETWebsites,theprocessofdisplayingcontrolssuchas
menus,atreeview,orSiteMapPath(breadcrumb)controlsthatassistusersinfinding
pagesofinterest.Sitenavigationistypicallydrivenfromasitemap.
sitepathrule(n)~Aruleforaspecificpartofasitethatincludesorexcludescontent
fromthecontentindex.
siteplan(n)~Adrawingusedforresidentialandcommerciallandscapedesign,parks
planning,yardlayouts,platmaps,outdoorrecreationalfacilities,andirrigationsystems.
Usesascaleof1:200.Atypeofbuildingplan.
siterecovery(n)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatallowsuserstoautomateprotection
andreplicationandorchestraterecoveryforvirtualmachinesandapplicationsthatrunon
Hyper-VhostslocatedinSystemCenterVirtualMachineManager(VMM)cloudsand
alsoinMicrosoftAzureforsimplifieddisasterrecovery.
SiteReports(n)~AfeaturethatprovidesdetailedWebsitestatisticsandreportsrelatedto
thesubscriber’sWebsite.
siteresource(n)~AresourcethatisavailableforusebyaspecificWebsite.
siterestriction(n)~Themainruleforasitethatincludesorexcludescontentfromthe
contentindex.
siteselectable(adj)~Pertainingtoanelementthatcanbeselectedasawholeelementin
theeditor.Anyelementwithaheightorwidthattribute,eitherimplicitlyorexplicitly
defined,issiteselectable.
siteserver(n)~AnConfigurationManagersitesytemroleassignedtotheserveronwhich
SMS/ConfigurationManagerSetuphasbeenrunsuccessfully.WhenConfiguration
Managerisinstalledonacomputer,thatcomputerisautomaticallyassignedthesiteserver
role.EverySMS/ConfigurationManagersitehasonesiteserver.
sitesystem(n)~AserverorsharethatprovidesSMS/ConfigurationManagerfunctionality
toanSMS/ConfigurationManagersite.Thefunctionalityprovidedbyasitesystem
dependsontheassignedrole.Asitesystemcanperformoneormoreroles.
sitesystemrole(n)~ArolethatasitesystemcanperforminanSMS/Configuration
Managersite.Thereareseveralpossiblesitesystemroles.Alloftherolescanbeassigned
totheprimarysiteserverorspreadoutoverseveraldifferentsitesystems.Someofthesite
systemrolesareassignedduringinstallationandothersareassignedthroughthe
SMS/ConfigurationManagerAdministratorconsole.
siteusage(n)~InformationaboutthenumberofvisitstoaWebsite,thenumberofpage
viewsduringaspecifictime,andthenumberofconversions.
Sitesapp(n)~AnappfortheWindowsStoredesignedforsmallgroupsofSharePoint
userstoenablethemtoperformbasictasks,suchasprovideaccesstoteamdocument
libraries,sitefeeds,andprojecttasks.
site-to-siteVPN(n)~AnetworkcomprisedofVirtualPrivateNetworks.
SixSigma~SixSigmaisadisciplined,data-drivenapproachandmethodologyfor
eliminatingdefectsinanyprocessandisbroadlyapplied,frommanufacturingto
transactionalprocesseswithinproducttoservicesectors.
SixSigmaDMAICCycle(n)~Atemplatethatoutlinesthephases,keyactivitiesand
deliverablesofthestandardSixSigmalifecycle.
size(v)~Tochangethedimensionsofashapebydraggingoneofitshandlesafterithas
beenselectedwiththepointertool.
sizegrip(n)~Aspecialcontrolthatappearsatthejunctionofahorizontalandvertical
scrollbarortherightendofastatusbarandprovidesanareathatausercandragtosize
thelowerrightcornerofawindow.
sizinghandle(n)~Ahandlethatsupportssizinganobject.
Ska(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#21.
sketchstyle(n)~ASkinforobjectsandcontrolsthathaveahand-sketchedlook.
SketchFlow(PN)~AfeaturesetwithinExpressionBlend3forcreatingfullyfunctional
WPF-orSilverlight-basedprototypes.
SketchFlowAnimation(PN)~Afeaturethatenableson-the-flyanimationsinprototypes
torepresentthebehavioroftheapplicationwheninuse.
SketchFlowMappanel(n)~Apanelthatdisplaystheapplicationflowofaprototype
project.
SketchFlowPlayer(PN)~Astand-aloneplayerthatdisplaysaSketchFlowprototype,
enablingareviewertoclickthroughtheprototype.
SketchFlowprototype(n)~AprototypecreatedbyusingtheSketchFlowfeatures
availableinExpressionBlend3.
skeuomorph(n)~Adesignthatisderivedfromanotherobjectandthatretainsornamental
designcuesthatrelatebacktotheoriginalobject.
skew(n)~Atransformationthatdistortsashapebyaspecifiedanglefromanaxis.The
resultisthatasquareisformedintoaparallelogram.Theskeworshearcanbeappliedin
morethanonedirectionatatime.
skew(v)~Todistortanobjectalongitshorizontal,vertical,orbothaxes.
skewedfraction(n)~Afractionthatiswrittenonadownwardangle:thediagonalfraction
barisplaceddownandtotherightofthenumerator,andthedenominatorisslightlydown
andtotherightofthefractionbar.
SKI(n)~Acertificateextensionthatcontainsahashofthecertificationauthority’s
certificatepublickey.ThishashisplacedintheAuthorityKeyIdentifier(AKI)extension
ofallissuedcertificatestofacilitatechainbuilding.
skill(n)~Theabilitytoproficientlyperformcertaintasksorduties.
skillcode(n)~Atypeofenterpriseoutlinecodethatallowsyoutospecifytheskillsthata
resourcehas.
skillgapanalysis(n)~Amethodofcomparingtheactualskilllevelofanemployeewith
atargetleveldefinedforacurrentjob,acareerpath,oranyotherjobinacompany.This
analysishelpstoidentifystrengthsandweaknessesinanemployee’scompetenceprofile
inrelationtoajob,andcanbeusedtodeterminetheappropriatecompetencedevelopment
activities.
skillgapwheel(n)~Agraphicaltoolthatenablesfastrecognitionofentireskillprofiles
andskillgaps.
skillprofilewheel(n)~Acontrolthatvisuallyrepresentsthecompletelistof
competenciesthatanemployee,aunit,orateamcandemonstrate.Askillprofilewheelis
oftenusedinconnectionwithskillgapanalyses,forexampletodisplaythedifference
betweenanemployee’scurrentprofileandthatofacareerpath.
skillset(n)~Agroupofrelatedskills.
skin(n)~Acustomizeduserinterfacethatoverlaysanexistinguserinterface.Askin
customizesthelookoftheprogrambutdoesnotaffectitsfunctionality.Programsthat
allowtheuseofskinsusuallymakestandardsavailableforthecreationanddistributionof
newskins.
skin(v)~Toapplyaskintoanexistinguserinterface.
skindefinitionfile(n)~AnXMLdocumentthatspecifiestheelementsinaskin,along
withtheirrelationshipsandfunctionality.Askindefinitionfilehasa.wmsfilename
extension.
skinfile(n)~Afilecontainingoneormorecontrolpropertiesthatdefinehowthecontrols
shouldlook.SkinfilesarepartofASP.NETthemes.
skinmode(n)~AnoperationalstateofWindowsMediaPlayerinwhichitsuserinterface
isdisplayedasaskin.
skip(v)~Whenperforminganoperationoveragroupofitems,toleaveintactanitem
becauseitcannotbeoperatedduetosomeorotherreason.E.g.whencopyingagroupof
files,thefilescurrentlyopenedforwritingwillnotbecopied.
Skipbutton(PN)~Thebuttonthattakestheusertobypassthecurrentitemorpageand
movetothenextitemorpage.
skiplisting(n)~TheprocessofbypassingtheconnectingIPaddressinthemailheaderfor
thepurposesofassessingthelikelihoodthatthemessageisspamandinsteadinspecting
thepreviousIPaddresslistedintheheader.
SKU(n)~Auniqueidentifier,usuallyalphanumeric,foraproduct.TheSKUallowsa
producttobetrackedforinventorypurposes.AnSKUcanbeassociatedwithanyitem
thatcanbepurchased.Forexample,ashirtinstylenumber3726,size8mighthaveaSKU
of3726-8.
SKU(n)~Aninventorydimension.
SKU(n)~Anitemanditsassignedinventorydimensions.
Skypeaccount(n)~AfeaturethatenablestheusertoseeSkypeactivity,changesettings,
andpurchaseSkypeCredit.
Skypecall(n)~AcallmadewiththeSkypeclient,eitherbetweenSkypeclientsortoa
mobilephoneorlandline.
SkypeClicktoCall(PN)~Adownloadablepluginforcallingphonenumbersdirectly
fromwebsitesinabrowser.
SkypeConnect(PN)~AfeaturethatenablesmakingandreceivingSkypecallsviaaPBX
system.
SkypeCredit(PN)~ASkypeproduct;oneofthepossiblewaystopayforusingSkype
products.
SkypeforAmazonFirePhone(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforAmazonFire
Phone.
SkypeforAndroid(PN)~TheSkypeapplicationthatrunsontheAndroidoperating
system.
SkypeforBlackBerry(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforBlackBerrydevices.
SkypeforBusiness(PN)~TheMicrosoftcommunicationsservicethatprovides
communicationscapabilitiesacrosspresence,instantmessaging,audio/videocalling,and
anonlinemeetingexperiencethatincludesaudio,video,andwebconferencing.
SkypeforBusinessbasic(PN)~Anapplicationthatenablesinstantmessaging(IM),
audioandvideocalls,meetings,availability(presence)information,andsharing
capabilitiesallfromone,easy-to-useprogram.It’saslimmerversionofthefullSkypefor
Businessclientthatprovidesallofthesamecorefunctionality.
SkypeforBusinessforiPhone(PN)~TheversionofSkypeforBusiness2015thatruns
oniPhone.
SkypeforBusinessOnline(PN)~Acloudcommunicationsservicethatconnectspeople.
SkypeforBusinessOnlineprovidesintuitivecommunicationscapabilitiesacross
presence,instantmessaging,audio/videocalling,andanonlinemeetingexperiencethat
includesaudio,video,andwebconferencing.
SkypeforBusinessServer(PN)~Areal-timecommunicationsserversoftwarewhich
providestheinfrastructureforenterpriseinstantmessaging,presence,VoIP,adhocand
structuredconferences(audio,videoandwebconferencing).
SkypeforBusinessWebApp(PN)~abrowser-basedmeetingclientthatyouusetojoin
SkypeforBusinessMeetings
SkypeforBusinessWebAppPlug-in(PN)~Aplug-inrequiredforaudio,video,and
screensharingduringaSkypeforBusinessMeeting
SkypeforiPad(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforiPads.
SkypeforiPhone(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforiPhone.
SkypeforiPodtouch(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforiPodtouch.
SkypeforKindleFireHD(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforKindleFireHD.
SkypeforLinux(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforLinux.
SkypeforMac(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforMac.
SkypeformodernWindows(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationthatusesthenon-
desktopuserinterfaceintroducedwithWindows8.
SkypeforNokiaX(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforNokiaXdevices.
SkypeforOutlook.com(PN)~TheSkypeadd-onforOutlook.comweb-basedemail
service.
SkypeforPlayStation-®Vita(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforPlayStation-
®Vita.
SkypeforTV(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforsmartTVs.
SkypeforWeb(PN)~TheSkypewebapplicationforSkypeinstantmessaging,Skype
audiocallsandSkypevideocalls.
SkypeforWindowsdesktop(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforWindows
desktop.
SkypeforWindowsPhone(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforWindowsPhone.
SkypeforXboxOne(PN)~TheSkypesoftwareapplicationforXboxOne.
SkypeHome(PN)~AtabintheSkypedesktopclientfordisplayingauser’sFacebook
newsfeedandSkypemoodmessages.
SkypeManager(PN)~AwebtoolthatbusinessescanusetoallocateSkypeCredit,
features,andproductstoemployees.
SkypeMeetingBroadcast(PN)~AWebconferencingsolutionthatenablesthe
broadcastingofaSkypeforBusinessmeetingontheInternet,withadedicatedproducer.It
supportslargegroupmeetingswithasmanyas10000people,whocanattendina
browseronnearlyanydevice.
Skypemessages(PN)~AwrapperofSkypefeaturesofferinginstant,voice,video,and
SMSmessaging.
SkypeName(n)~AuniqueusernameforloggingintotheSkypeclient,auser’saccount,
andsoon.
SkypeNumber(n)~ASkypeproductthatallowsausertocalldirectlytoSkypefrom
landlinesandmobilephones.
Skypepartner(n)~AnorganizationthatcooperateswithSkype;thecooperationranges
fromdevelopingmutualsoftwaretosellingproductsspeciallytailoredforthe
organization.
SkypePremium(PN)~AsubscriptionthatgrantsusersaPremiumaccount,thatincludes
accesstoenhancedSkypefeaturessuchasgroupvideocalling,groupscreensharing,and
livechatcustomersupport.
SkypeRoomSystems(PN)~AcomprehensivePartnerofferingthatbundlestheSkype
RoomSystemsoftwareandtherequiredhardware(consistingofalargescreenor
projector,acameraandanaudiodevice)thatcanbecontrolledbyaclientapponamobile
phone.Itfacilitatesmeetingparticipationwithoutalaptopordesktopfromwithinthe
meetingroomenablingameetingexperienceinaconferenceroomsetting.
SkypeToGonumber(n)~Aproductthatenablesausertocallmobilephonesand
landlinesfromamobilephoneorlandlineviaSkype.
SkypeTranslator(PN)~TheSkypesoftwarethattranslatesaudioandinstatmessaging
conversations.
Skypevideocalling(PN)~Anappthatletsyoumakevideocalls.
Skypevoucher(n)~Anelectroniccouponthatcanbeboughtfromselectedretailoutlets
totopupSkypeCredit.
SkypeWiFi(PN)~AfeaturethatenablestheusertoconnecttopublicWiFihotspots,
payingperminutewithSkypeCredit.
Skypeworldminute(n)~AcallingminuteavailablethroughaSkypepaidfeaturethat
letsuserscallphonesinover40countries/regionsworldwide.
Skype-®forBusiness(PN)~TheMicrosoftcommunicationsservicethatprovides
communicationscapabilitiesacrosspresence,instantmessaging,audio/videocalling,and
anonlinemeetingexperiencethatincludesaudio,video,andwebconferencing.
Skype-®forBusiness2015(PN)~TheMicrosoftcommunicationsservicethatprovides
communicationscapabilitiesacrosspresence,instantmessaging,audio/videocalling,and
anonlinemeetingexperiencethatincludesaudio,video,andwebconferencing.
Skype-®forBusinessbasic2015(PN)~Anapplicationthatenablesinstantmessaging
(IM),audioandvideocalls,meetings,availability(presence)information,andsharing
capabilitiesallfromone,easy-to-useprogram.It’saslimmerversionofthefullSkypefor
Businessclientthatprovidesallofthesamecorefunctionality.
Skype-®forBusinessbasicclient(PN)~Anapplicationthatenablesinstantmessaging
(IM),audioandvideocalls,meetings,availability(presence)information,andsharing
capabilitiesallfromone,easy-to-useprogram.It’saslimmerversionofthefullSkypefor
Businessclientthatprovidesallofthesamecorefunctionality.
Skype-®forBusinessforiPhone(PN)~TheversionofSkypeforBusiness2015that
runsoniPhone.
Skype-®forBusinessOnline(PN)~Acloudcommunicationsservicethatconnects
people.SkypeforBusinessOnlineprovidesintuitivecommunicationscapabilitiesacross
presence,instantmessaging,audio/videocalling,andanonlinemeetingexperiencethat
includesaudio,video,andwebconferencing.
Skype-®forBusinessServer(PN)~Areal-timecommunicationsserversoftwarewhich
providestheinfrastructureforenterpriseinstantmessaging,presence,VoIP,adhocand
structuredconferences(audio,videoandwebconferencing).
Skype-®forBusinessServer2015(PN)~Areal-timecommunicationsserversoftware
whichprovidestheinfrastructureforenterpriseinstantmessaging,presence,VoIP,adhoc
andstructuredconferences(audio,videoandwebconferencing).
SkypeKit(PN)~AcollectionofSkypesoftwareandAPIsthatallowsinternet-connected
devicesorapplicationstooffervoiceandvideocalls.
Skype-to-Skypecall(n)~AfreeinternetcallbetweentwoormoreSkypeusers.
SLA(n)~Anagreementbetweentwoormorepartiesdescribingthedeliverables,support,
andcommunicationthateachpartywillprovidetotheother.
SLA(PN)~AnagreementthatspecifiestheminimumservicelevelfortheOnline
Services.
SLAmetric(n)~AcalculatedtimeintervalthatServiceManagerdeterminesbetweenthe
dateandtimefieldsinincidentsandservicerequests.Forexample,theSLAmetric-
€œresolutiontime-€?isdefinedasthedifferencebetweentheIncidentCreatedDateand
theIncidentResolvedDate.
SLAoverridemanagementpack(n)~AsetoffilesforusewithSystemCenter
OperationsManagertostoreoverridesandchangetheminimumserviceleveltobe
providedandtheactionsacustomercanperform.
SLAtarget(n)~ThespecifieddurationoftimeinwhichtheITorganizationmustrespond
toorresolveanincidentorservicerequest.
slab(n)~Acontiguouspieceofmemory.
slabconsolidation(n)~Theprocessofreducingthenumberofslabsallocatedinthinly
provisionedarraysandthinlyprovisionedvirtualdisksbyrearrangingdatafromsparsely
populatedslabstodenselypopulatedslabs.
slackspace(n)~Theunusedareaoutsideofthebootsectorinsector0ofapartitioned
datastoragedevice.
slamming~Changinganenduser’sprimarylocalexchangecarrierorInterexchange
Carrierwithouttheenduser’sauthorization.
slash(n)~The/character.
slate(n)~Atablet-styleportablecomputerthat’sdesignedfortouchinputandthatlacks
anintegratedphysicalkeyboard.
slate(n)~Astillimagetousetocoveruptheinputlivefeedincertaincases(forexample
duringacommercialbreak).
slave~Thisusuallyreferstoan-IDE-settingonaharddriveorotherIDEdevice.When
twodevicesareusedonasingleIDEchannel,oneissettomasterandtheothertoslave.
SLCC(n)~AserviceorfeatureofWindowsthatenableslicensingatthefeaturelevel;
therebybroadeningthedistributionandlicensingoptionsforretailers,ISVs,andOEMs.
Newbusinessmodelsmayinclude:trials,subscriptions,gifting,transfers,orpay-for-use.
SLD(n)~Adomainnamethatisrootedhierarchicallyatthesecondtierofthedomain
namespacedirectlybeneaththetop-leveldomainnamesuchas.comand.org.WhenDNS
isusedontheInternet,second-leveldomainsarenamessuchasmicrosoft.comthatare
registeredanddelegatedtoindividualorganizationsandbusinessesaccordingtotheirtop-
levelclassification.Theorganizationthenassumesfurtherresponsibilityforparenting
managementandgrowthofitsnameintoadditionalsubdomains.
sleep(n)~Apower-savingstatethatallowsthecomputerordevicetoquicklyresumefull-
poweroperation(typicallywithinseveralseconds)whenyouwanttostartworkingagain.
Allopendocumentsandprogramsaresavedtomemorybeforethecomputerordevice
entersthelow-powerstate.
sleepmode(n)~Apower-savingstatethatallowsthecomputerordevicetoquickly
resumefull-poweroperation(typicallywithinseveralseconds)whenyouwanttostart
workingagain.Allopendocumentsandprogramsaresavedtomemorybeforethe
computerordeviceentersthelow-powerstate.
SLES(PN)~AserverproductforenterprisecomputingbySUSE.
slice(n)~Asubsetofthedatainacube,specifiedbylimitingoneormoredimensionsby
membersofthedimension.
slice(n)~Arectangularselectionincludingactivelayersandeffectsontheworkspacethat
canbeexported.
slicer(n)~Aninteractiveandflexibledatafilterthatalwaysconveysthecurrentfiltering
state.
Slicers(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesone-clickfilteringcontrolsthatmakeiteasyto
narrowdowntheportionofadatasetthat’sbeinglookedat.
slide(n)~Aframethatcontainstext,shapes,pictures,orothercontent.Aslideisadigital
equivalenttoatraditionalfilmslide.
slide(v)~Toplaceafingeronthescreen,movethefingerinoneormoredirections,and
thentakethefingeroffofthescreen.
slide(n)~Agesturerepresentedbyplacingafingeronthescreen,movingthefingerin
oneormoredirections,andthentakingthefingeroffthescreen.
slidedown(v)~Toplaceafingeronthescreen,movethefingerdown,andthentakethe
fingeroffofthescreentopoweroffthephone.
slidegesture(n)~Agesturerepresentedbyplacingafingeronthescreen,movingthe
fingerinoneormoredirections,andthentakingthefingeroffthescreen.
SlideLibrary(n)~AfolderwhereacollectionofPowerPointslidesisshared.
slidemaster(n)~Theslidethatstoresinformationaboutthedesigntemplateapplied,
includingfontstyles,placeholdersizesandpositions,backgrounddesign,andcolor
schemes.
SlideNavigator(PN)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertovisuallybrowseforandnavigate
tootherslideswithoutleavingSlideShowview.
slideshow(n)~AnanimatedpresentationofimagesthatappearswhenaPCislocked.
SlideShow(PN)~Aviewfordeliveringapresentationthatdisplaysitastheaudiencewill
seeit.
slidetwofingers(v)~Toslidetwofingersonatouchpadorsimilardeviceatthesame
timeandwitharelativelyshortdistancebetweeneachother.
slideup(PN)~Thetextdisplayedatthebottomofalockedphonescreenduringan
incomingcall.
Slidecast(PN)~Atoolthatenablestheusertorecordanarrationovertheirpresentation,
exportthepresentationtoavideo,thenuploadthatvideotoavideoorinformationsharing
website.
slider(n)~AcommonWindowscontrolthatdisplaysandsetsavaluefromacontinuous
rangeofpossiblevalues,suchasbrightnessorvolume.
sliderhandle(n)~Theuserinterfacecontrolthatfacilitatesmodificationofthe
appearance,position,orbehaviorofanothercontrolthatdisplaysandsetsavaluefroma
continuousrangeofpossiblevalues.
Slideshow(PN)~AmodeofWindowsPhotoViewerwhichdisplaysfull-screenslide
showsforphotos.
Slideshow(PN)~TheSwaycardthatshowsindividualpiecesofcontentsequentially,
allowingforwardandbackwardnavigationonepieceofcontentatatime.
slideshow(n)~Aviewofasetofphotosthatdisplaysthemoneatatime,sequentially.
SlideshowWebPart(n)~AcustomizablecomponentofaMicrosoftOfficeLiveWebsite
thatallowsuserstocreateanalbumofrotatingimagesontheirWebpages.
slide-titlemasterpair(n)~Theslidemasterandtitlemasterforagivendesigntemplate
thatyouhaveappliedtoapresentation.
slidingwindow(n)~AwindowoffixedlengthLthatmovesalongatimelineaccordingto
thestream’sevents.Witheveryeventonthetimeline,anewwindowiscreated,startingat
theevent’sstarttime.
slippage(n)~Theamountoftimethatataskhasbeendelayedfromitsoriginalbaseline
plan.Theslippageisthedifferencebetweenthescheduledstartorfinishdateforatask
andthebaselinestartorfinishdate.
slipstream(v)~Tointegrateupdates,patchesorservicepacksintothebaseinstallation
filesoftheoriginalsoftware,sothattheresultingfileswillallowasinglestepinstallation
oftheupdatedsoftware.
slot(n)~Thelocationinalibraryormediachangerwhichisassignedtoacertainmedia
(tapeordisc).
slot~aslot,orexpansionslot,isanengineeredtechniqueforaddingcapabilitytoa
computerintheformofconnectionpinholetypecontactpoints
SlowDown,Half(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
SlowJam(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#111.
slowpage(n)~Apagethattakesalongtime(30secondsormore)todownloadinaWeb
browser.
SlowRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#95.
slowerconnection(n)~AnetworkconnectionthatisnotcableorDSL.
SlowKeys(n)~AnaccessibilityfeaturebuiltintoMacintoshcomputersandavailablefor
DOSandWindowsthatallowstheusertoaddadelaytothekeyboardsothatakeymust
behelddownforacertainamountoftimebeforeitisaccepted.
SLP(n)~Asetoflanguageresourcesthatsupportsthedeploymentofasoftwareprogram
inaparticularlanguage.
SLS(n)~Aservicewhichprovidesaninfrastructurethatenforcesasoftwarelicense
policybasedontrustedplatformmodule;thus,enablingsecurelicensingto,andonlyto,
thelicenseholder.
smallcaps(n)~Afonteffectinwhichlowercasetextappearsascapitallettersina
reducedfontsize.
smallcomputersysteminterface(n)~Astandardhigh-speedparallelinterfacedefined
bytheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI).ASCSIinterfaceisusedfor
connectingmicrocomputerstoperipheraldevices,suchasharddisksandprinters,andto
othercomputersandlocalareanetworks(LANs).
smallorganization(n)~Anorganizationwithbetween1-49employeesand24orless
personalcomputers.
smalloutlinedualinlinememorymodule(n)~AsmallerversionofaDIMMusedin
laptops.
smalltile(n)~Asquaretileof70x70pixelsontheStartscreen.
smalldatetime(n)~Adateandtimedatatypethatislessprecisethanthedatetimedata
type.DatavaluesrangefromJanuary1,1900,throughJune6,2079,toanaccuracyofone
minute.
Smaller(adj)~AnitemontheTextSizemenu,whichisopenedfromtheEditmenu.
Smallerisoneofthetextsizechoicesfortheuser’sinstantmessages
Smallest(oth)~AnitemontheTextSizemenu,whichisopenedfromtheEditmenu.
Smallestisoneofthetextsizechoicesfortheuser’sinstantmessages
smallint(n)~Adatatypeof2bytes(16bits)thatstoreswholenumbersintherangeof
-2^15(-32,768)through2^15-1(32,767).
smartblocking(n)~AfeatureintheMessagingappthatdetectswhetheranSMS
messageisspam,basedonitscontent.
smartcard(n)~Aplastic(creditcard-€“sizedorsmaller)devicewithanembedded
microprocessorandasmallamountofstoragethatisused,withanaccesscode,toenable
certificate-basedauthentication.Smartcardssecurelystorecertificates,publicandprivate
keys,passwords,andothertypesofpersonalinformation.
Smartcard~Atamper-resistanthardwaredevicethesizeofacreditcard,thatcanbe
usedforthestorageofsecureinformationsuchaspersonalinformation,electroniccash
andprivateencryptionkeys.
SmartCardPersonalizationControl(PN)~AnActiveXcontrolthatperformsall
CertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)smartcardapplicationmanagementactivitiesona
clientcomputer.
smartcardprofile(n)~ACertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)profilecreatedwhena
requestisperformedusingaprofiletemplatethatonlyincludessmartcard-based
certificatetemplates.
smartcardreader(n)~Adevicethatisinstalledincomputerstoenabletheuseofsmart
cardsforenhancedsecurityfeatures.
SmartCardSelfServiceControl(PN)~Softwareinstalledonaclientcomputerthat
enablesendusersandadministratorstomanagesmartcardsbyprovidingaconnection
fromtheclientcomputertothesmartcard.
smartcardunblocking(n)~Theactionofbindingasmartcardwithadministrative
credentialstoresetthethepersonalidentificationnumber(PIN)attemptcounter.
smartdevice(n)~AhardwaredevicebasedontheWindowsEmbeddedCEoperating
systemoraderivativesuchasWindowsMobileorWindowsAutomotive.
SmartDeviceConnectivityAPI(PN)~Anapplicationprogramminginterfacethat
enablesdeveloperstoestablishaconnectionbetweenadesktopcomputerandadevice.
ThisAPIenablesdeveloperstofocusoncreatingremotetools,whileithandlesthedetails
ofdeviceinterconnectivityandtransportmechanisms.
SMARTerror(n)~AnerrorreturnedbytheSMARTtest.
smartfile(n)~AfilethatisonlyavailablewhenadeviceisconnectedtotheInternetso
thatthefile’sdatauseslittlespaceinthedevice’sstorage.
smartfolder(n)~IntheMacintoshenvironment,avirtualfolderthatdisplaysitemsbased
onspecifiedsearchcriteria.
smarthost(n)~AdesignatedserverthroughwhichExchangeroutesalloutgoing
messages.Thesmarthostthenmakestheremoteconnection.Ifasmarthostisdesignated,
theExchangeserveronlyneedstotransmittothesmarthost,insteadofrepeatedly
contactingthedomainuntilaconnectionismade.
smartindent(n)~Anindentthatisappliedbasedonsmartindentingrulesforthe
languageinwhichyouareprogramming.
smartlink(n)~Theconnectionbetweentwoactivitiesinarunbook.
SmartMenus(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsLiveToolbarthatprovidesadditional
informationforparticularkindsoftextsomeoneselects.
SmartPaging(PN)~FunctionalitywithintheDynamicMemoryfeatureofHyper-Vthat
usesdiskresourcesasadditional,temporarymemorywhenmorememoryisrequiredto
restartavirtualmachinethanwhatisphysicallyavailableonthehost.
smartphone(n)~Awireless,mobiledevicethatcombinesplatformsoftware,abrowser,
amodernchipset,andatelephonehandset.
smartrounding(n)~Amarketingpracticetouseoddnumbersthataremarginallyless
thantheirnearestroundnumbertosetprices.
SMARTsystem(n)~Asystembywhichtechnologyisusedtomonitorandpredictdevice
performanceandreliability.ASMARTsystememploysvariousdiagnosticteststodetect
problemswithdevices,withtheobjectofincreasingproductivityandprotectingdata.
SmartTask(PN)~Asmallpanelthatisattachedtotheupperright-handcornerofa.NET
control.Whenthepanelisopened,itcontainscheckboxesandcomboboxesthatenables
developerstoselectconnectivityandotheroptionsforthecontrol.
SmartArt(n)~AnOfficefeaturethatallowsuserstocreateprofessionallooking
informationgraphicsquicklyandeasily.
SmartArtgraphic(n)~AgraphicelementfromtheSmartArtfeature.
SmartArtgraphicPictureLayout(PN)~Afeaturethatautomatesthetaskofpositioning
imagesandcombiningthemwithtextindocuments.Itproducesattractive,editable
designsthathighlightphotosandaccompanyingtextandmakeiteasyfornovicesto
producecompelling,highqualityphotolayouts.
SmartArtgraphics(n)~AnOfficefeaturethatallowsuserstocreateprofessionallooking
informationgraphicsquicklyandeasily.
SmartArtPictureLayout(PN)~Afeaturethatautomatesthetaskofpositioningimages
andcombiningthemwithtextindocuments.Itproducesattractive,editabledesignsthat
highlightphotosandaccompanyingtextandmakeiteasyfornovicestoproduce
compelling,highqualityphotolayouts.
smartdial(n)~Afeaturethatallowsenduserstoquicklysearchforcontacts,previous
calls,SpeedDials,orSIMcontactsbyusingthephonekeypad.Astheytype,an
accumulatorapplicationwilltracktheirinputsandthecorrespondingmatches,andallow
themtoselectfromalistoflikelymatches.Asinglekeygenerallymapstomultiple
characters,andthencombinationsofkeypressesareusedtogeneratealistofmatching
wordsornamesrelevanttothecurrentapplication.
smartphone(n)~Awireless,mobiledevicethatcombinesplatformsoftware,abrowser,a
modernchipset,andatelephonehandset.
Smartphone~Acomputerinacellphone.Aswellasaphone,typicallyitwillinclude
bothstillsandmoviecameras,musicplayer,enoughcomputingpowertorunsophisticated
programssuchasofficesofwareandgames,satellitenavigation,andgigabytesofstorage.
ThemostfamousisApple’s-iPhone,butallthemajormanufacturersmakethemandthey
arewheretheITindustryismostlyfocussedatthemoment.Somethinkthattheywill
completelyreplacemostpersonalcomputers.
SmartScreenApplicationReputation(PN)~Aratingofhowsafeanappisdetermined
tobebySmartScreen,accordingtoage,presenceofdigitalcertificate,andothercriteria.
SmartScreenFilter(PN)~AfeatureinInternetExplorerthathelpsdetectphishing
websitesandcanhelpprotectyoufrominstallingmalicioussoftwareormalware.
Smartsearch(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutosearchyourdevicecontentforcontact
namesorcontact-relatedcontent.E.g.searchforEric’willrenderalle-mail
SmartShapes(n)~Atechnologythatletsyoudevelopshapesthatbehaveliketheobjects
theyrepresentintherealworld.Youdothisbydefiningformulasthatrepresentshape
attributes,suchaswidthandheight,andshapebehavior,suchaswhattheshapedoes
whenauserright-clicksit.
SMB(n)~Afile-sharingprotocoldesignedtoallownetworkedcomputerstotransparently
accessfilesthatresideonremotesystemsoveravarietyofnetworks.TheSMBprotocol
definesaseriesofcommandsthatpassinformationbetweencomputers.SMBusesfour
messagetypes:sessioncontrol,file,printer,andmessage.
SMBDirect(PN)~AnSMBfeaturethatsupportstheuseofnetworkadaptersthathave
RDMAcapabilityandcanfunctionatfullspeedwithlowlatency,whileusinglittleCPU.
SMBMultichannel(PN)~AnSMBfeaturethatallowsfileserverstousemultiple
networkconnectionssimultaneouslyandincludesfaulttoleranceandincreased
throughput.
SMBIOS(n)~ABIOSdevelopedtoenablesystem-relatedinformation,suchas
informationabouthardware,tobegatheredfromcomputersonanetwork.
SMDS(n)~Averyhigh-speed,connectionless,packet-switcheddatatransportservicethat
connectsLANs(localareanetworks)andWANs(wideareanetworks).
SMI(n)~Aninterruptgeneratedbythehost-controller-emulationhardwarewhena
universalserialbus(USB)keyboardormousedataisreceivedandsteeredbythehost
controllerhardwaretoaSystemManagementInterrupt(SMI)orthestandardhost
controllerinterrupt.
smiley(n)~Astringoftextcharactersthat,whenviewedsideways,formafaceexpressing
aparticularemotion.
Smiley~:-)-or-:)Agroupofsymbolsusedtoindicateasmileorlaughterinanemailor
newsgroupmessage(lookatitsideways).Thereareallsortsofvariantsincluding:-(for
sadness,;-)forasmilewithawink,:-Dforabigsmileoralaugh.and:-ofor
astonishment.Collectivelytheyareoftencalled-emoticons.
SmileyButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallowstheplayerto
selectasmileyfacedecorationfortheircake.
SMM(n)~Amodeusedbysomesystems,typicallyportablecomputers,toperform
specializedkeystrokeorotherprocessinginBIOSfirmware.WhileinSMM,theprocessor
doesnotfieldinterruptsthataddtointerruptserviceroutine(ISR)latencies.
SMO(PN)~AnapplicationprogramminginterfacethatsupportstheincorporationofSQL
ServeradministrationintoanyCOMorOLEAutomationapplication.
smoketest(n)~Agroupoftestsusedtodeterminethehealthofabuildatahighlevel.
Typically,thesetestsexercisethecorefunctionalitytohelpteammembersdetermine
whetherfurthertestingisworthwhile.Theyarerunafterthedailybuildtoverifythat
compilationofsourcecodehasbeenbuiltsuccessfullyandisreadyforfurthertesting.
smoothstream(n)~Digitalmediathatisdeliveredinacontinuousflowacrossanetwork
byoneoftheIISSmoothStreamingextensionsforIIS7(IISSmoothStreamingorIIS
LiveSmoothStreaming).
SmoothStreaming(PN)~AfeaturethatclientsusetorequestfragmentsfromaSmooth
Streamingpresentationtomaintainanevenlydistributedflowofcontentasclient
bandwidthandCPUresourceschange.
smoothstreaming(n)~AformofadaptivestreamingusedbytheIISSmoothStreaming
extensionsforIIS7.
SmoothStreamingheuristics(n)~Stream-switchinglogicalgorithmshostedbySmooth
Streaming-compatibleclients(primarilyMicrosoftSilverlight)thatdeterminetheoptimal
bitrateinaSmoothStreamingpresentationtorenderatanygiveninstant.Thetwomain
criteriausedtodeterminewhichbitrateisbesttostreamatanygiveninstantareavailable
bandwidthandclientvideo-processingcapability.
SmoothStreamingpresentation(n)~Thecollectionoffilesthatenablesmooth
streaming.
SmoothStreamingpresentationcontent(n)~Videofiles(with.ismvfilename
extensions)andaudiofiles(with.ismafilenameextensions).Eachfileisoutputfroman
encoder(ExpressionEncoder2SP1inthiscase)atdifferentbitratesandsynchronized
suchthatclientscanseamlesslyrequestcontiguousfragmentsfromdifferentfilesas
networkandCPUconditionschange.Thecontentfilesareamediacontainerthatstores
thecontiguousMP4fragments.
SmoothStreamingpresentationmanifest(n)~Afilethatstoresinformationaboutthe
SmoothStreamingpresentation.
SMORG(n)~Anorganizationwithbetween1-49employeesand24orlesspersonal
computers.
SMP(n)~Amultiprocessingoperationinwhichmultipleprocessorssharethesame
memory,whichcontainsonecopyoftheoperatingsystem,onecopyofanyapplications
thatareinuse,andonecopyofthedata.Becausetheoperatingsystemdividesthe
workloadintotasksandassignsthosetaskstowhateverprocessorsareavailable,SMP
reducestransactiontime.
SMS(n)~Ashortalphanumericmessagethatissentbetweenmobilephonesordevices
usingtheSMSprotocol.
SMS(PN)~Aserviceforwirelessproductsthatallowsuserstosendandreceivebrief
messagesconsistingoftextandnumberstoandfrommobilephonesanddevices.
SMSAdministratorconsole(n)~TheprimaryinterfacethatyouusetoadministerSMS.
TheSMSAdministratorconsoleallowsyoutoconfigure,run,andaccessSMSfeatures
andtools.
SMSAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatispartoftheWindows8extensibleplatformforsending
andreceivingSMStextmessagesthroughamobilebroadbandadapteroracellphone
connectedtoaPC.
SMScenternumber(n)~Thenumberusedtosendandreceivemessages.
SMSclient(n)~AcomputerrunningSMSclientcomponents.Aclientcanbefurther
categorizedaseitheraLegacyClientoranAdvancedClient.
SMSClientpolicy(n)~ConfigurationdetailsfortheSMSClientthatareprovidedafter
clientinstallation.
SMScollection(n)~AsetofresourcesintheConfigurationManagerhierarchy.
SMSdeliveryconfirmation(PN)~Atoggleswitchtorequestdeliverynotificationvia
SMS.
SMSExecutive(n)~TheprimaryConfigurationManagerservicethataccessesand
updatesthedatabaseandmanagesmanydifferentprocessthreads.
SMShardwareinventory(n)~AnSMSfeaturethatautomaticallygathersinformation
abouthardwareonLegacyClientcomputersinanSMSsite.
SMSInstaller(n)~AnSMStoolthatenablesyoutocreatecustomized,self-extracting,
softwareinstallationfiles.
SMSinventory(n)~AnSMSfeaturethatautomaticallygathersinformationabout
hardwareandsoftwareonAdvancedClientcomputersinanSMSsite.
SMSmessage(n)~Ashortalphanumericmessagethatissentbetweenmobilephonesor
devicesusingtheSMSprotocol.
SMSobject(n)~AcomponentusedinSMSsoftwaredistributionandsoftwareupdates—
forexample,collections,advertisements,programs,packages,deployments,andsoon.
SMSProvider(n)~AWMIproviderthatallowsbothreadandwriteaccesstothe
ConfigurationManagersitedatabase.
SMSresource(n)~Anobject(suchasacomputer,arouter,orausergroup)thatcanbe
discoveredandpotentiallybecomeanSMSclientandbemanagedbySMS.Resources
andclientscanbeorganizedintocollections.
SMSsite(n)~AcollectionofclientsandSMSsitesystemsthatareboundedbyagroupof
subnets,suchasIPsubnetsoranActiveDirectorysite,andwhicharespecifiedbyanSMS
administratorasasite.
SMSsitedatabase(n)~AMicrosoftSQLServerdatabasethatstoresSMSsitedata,such
asdiscoverydata,configurationdata,andstatusmessagesandinventorydata.Every
primarysitehasanSMSsitedatabase.TheserversupportingtheSMSsitedatabaseis
automaticallyassignedthesitedatabaseserverrole.
SMSsoftwaredistribution(n)~AnSMSfeaturethatautomaticallydistributessoftware
programstoclientcomputersinanSMShierarchy.
SMSsoftwareinventory(n)~AnSMSfeaturethatautomaticallygathersinformation
aboutsoftwareonLegacyClientcomputersinanSMSsite.
SMStextmessage(n)~Ashortalphanumericmessagethatissentbetweenmobilephones
ordevicesusingtheSMSprotocol.
SMT(n)~Microprocessortechnologythatenablestheconcurrentexecutionofmultiple
separatethreadsonasinglephysicalprocessor.
SMTP(n)~AmemberoftheTCP/IPsuiteofprotocolsthatgovernstheexchangeof
electronicmailbetweenmessagetransferagents.
SMTP~(SimpleMailTransferProtocol).Theoriginalmethodoftransmittingand
receivingemailontheinternet.Stillsometimesusedfortransmitting,buthasbeenwidely
replacedby-POP3-andIMAP.
SMTPadapter(n)~AnadapterthatimplementstheSMTPprotocol(thatis,sendse-mail
messages)tointeractwithline-of-businessapplications.Thisadapterincludesonlythe
sendhandler.
SMTPaddress(n)~Ane-mailaddressthatusestheSimpleMailTransferProtocol
(SMTP).
SMTPconnector(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatrepresentsalogicalpathbetweena
sourceandadestinationforthepurposeoftransmittingSimpleMailTransferProtocol
(SMTP)messages.ASMTPconnectorcanbeconfiguredasaSendconnectororasa
Receiveconnector.
SMTPmailserver(n)~Ane-mailserverthatusestheSimpleMailTransferProtocol
(SMTP).
SNA(n)~AnetworkmodeldevisedbyIBMtoenableIBMproducts,including
mainframes,terminals,andperipherals,tocommunicateandexchangedata.
snap(v)~Toautomaticallyaligndrawingobjectstogridlines,guides,columns,other
objects,etc.
Snap(PN)~Afeaturethatenablescustomerstoeasilydisplaytwodocumentssideby
side,maximizeasingledocument,andexpandawindowverticallybysimplydragging
windowborderstotheedgeofthescreen.
snap(v)~Tomoveanobject,suchasawindoworanapp,intoalockedpositiononthe
screen.
Snap(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstoeasilydisplaytwoappssidebysideor
maximizeasingleapp.
SnapAssist(PN)~Afeaturethatsuggestsappsforacustomertosnapaftertheyalready
snappedoneapp.
SnapFill(PN)~Afeaturethatautomaticallysizesappwindowssotheymaximizethe
screenrealestate.
snappoint(n)~Alocation(bothintervalandnon-interval)wherethepositionofthe
contentcomestorestaftertheuserhascompletedtheirinteraction.
snapresolution(n)~Inanimation,specifiestheregularintervalsonthetimelineatwhich
youcansetakeyframe.Thisintervalrateiscalledsnapresolution’becauseitrefersto
whereonthetimelinetheplayheadandkeyframescanbe‘snapped’.’
snap-in(n)~AtypeoftoolthatyoucanaddtoaconsolesupportedbyMicrosoft
ManagementConsole(MMC).Astand-alonesnap-incanbeaddedbyitself;anextension
snap-incanbeaddedonlytoextendthefunctionofanothersnap-in.
snap-inconsolestartpage(n)~Thestartpagethatappearsintheresultspanewhenthe
snap-inconsolerootnodeisselectedinthetree.
snap-instartpage(n)~Thestartpagethatappearsintheresultspanewhenagivensnap-
inisselectedinthetree.
snapline(n)~Auserinterfaceguidethatsisusedtoalignobjects.
snappedapp(n)~Thenarrowerofthetwoappsthatcanappearonthescreen
simultaneouslyafterasecondappissnappedtothescreen.
snapshot(n)~Astaticimageofasetofdata,suchastherecordsdisplayedastheresultof
aquery.
snapshot(n)~Astaticreportthatcontainsdatacapturedataspecificpointintime.
snapshot(n)~Apicturetakenwiththewebcam(duringthecalloranytime).
snapshot~Acopyofthedatainadatabaseatanygivenpointintime.
snapshot~Acopyofchangeddataintheactivefilesanddirectoriesofafilesystemwith
theexceptionoftheinodenumber
snapshotdefinition(n)~Acollectionofsettingsrequiredtoproduceasnapshot,
includingusercredentials,filtercriteria,parameters,andscheduleinformation.
Snapshotframe(n)~Aboxthepresentercandrawaroundaportionofthedesktopto
captureastaticimageoftheenclosedportionofthedesktopatthatmoment.
snapshotisolationlevel(n)~Atransactionisolationlevelinwhicheachreadoperation
performedbyatransactionreturnsalldataasitexistedatthestartofthetransaction.
Becauseasnapshottransactiondoesnotuselockstoprotectreadoperations,itwillnot
blockothertransactionsfrommodifyinganydatareadbythesnapshottransaction.
snapshotreplication(n)~Areplicationinwhichdataisdistributedexactlyasitappears
ataspecificmomentintimeanddoesnotmonitorforupdatestothedata.
SnapshotShare(n)~Ashareavailableforthestorageofsnapshotfiles.Snapshotfiles
containtheschemaanddataforpublishedtables.
Snapshotslide(n)~Aslidethatdisplaysastaticimageofapresenter’sdesktoporthe
portionofthedesktopcapturedinaSnapshotframe.
SnapshotViewer(n)~Aprogramyouusetoview,print,andelectronicallymaila
snapshot,suchasareportsnapshot.
snapshotwindow(n)~Awindowthatisdefinedaccordingtothestartandendtimesof
theeventinthestream,insteadofafixedgridalongthetimeline.
SNI(PN)~TheIISfeaturethatsupportstheSSL/TSLprotocolextensionandallowsa
virtualdomainname,orahostname,tobeusedtoidentifythenetworkendpoint.
SNIbasedSSL(oth)~AnextensiontoSSLandTLSprotocolsthatallowsmultiple
domainstosharethesameIPaddress,withseparatesecuritycertificatesforeachdomain.
SNISSL(oth)~AnextensiontoSSLandTLSprotocolsthatallowsmultipledomainsto
sharethesameIPaddress,withseparatesecuritycertificatesforeachdomain.
sniff/sniffer~Theprocessoflisteningtonetworktrafficthatyouarenotauthorizedto
receive.
sniff/sniffer~Sniffer:networkmanagementtoolthatmonitorsdatapacketsona
networktohelpadministratorsensuremessageintegrityandservicequality.
sniffer(n)~Anapplicationordevicethatcanread,monitor,andcapturenetworkdata
exchangesandreadnetworkpackets.Ifthepacketsarenotencrypted,asnifferprovidesa
fullviewofthedatainsidethepacket.
snip(n)~Text,graphics,andanyassociatedannotationscapturedbyusingSnippingTool.
SnippetGallery(PN)~AgalleryofHTMLcodesnippetsforcommoncomponentsthat
canbecustomizedandaddedtoSharePointdesigns.
SnippingTool(PN)~AWindowstoolusedtocaptureascreenshot,orsnip,ofanyobject
onthescreen,andthenannotate,save,orsharetheimage.
SNMP(n)~AnetworkprotocolusedtomanageTCP/IPnetworks.InWindows,the
SimpleNetworkManagementProtocol(SNMP)serviceisusedtoprovidestatus
informationaboutahostonaTCP/IPnetwork.
SNMPResponseEditor(n)~AfeaturethatallowstheusertospecifywheretheSimple
NetworkManagementProtocol(SNMP)trapgenerateswhenitmatchesthepropertiesthat
aresetasalertcriteria.
SNMPtrap(n)~AnunsolicitedSimpleNetworkManagementProtocol(SNMP)packet
sentfromoneSNMPentitytoanotherusuallyinresponsetoastimulusoraneventonthe
sendingentity.
snooze(v)~Todelayareminderoralarmbyaspecifiedtime.
snowflakeschema(n)~Anextensionofastarschemasuchthatoneormoredimensions
aredefinedbymultipletables.Inasnowflakeschema,onlyprimarydimensiontablesare
joinedtothefacttable.Additionaldimensiontablesarejoinedtoprimarydimension
tables.
SOA(n)~Asoftwarearchitecturethatusespolicies,practices,andframeworkstoenable
applicationfunctionalitytobeprovidedandconsumedassetsofservices.Theseservices
arepublishedatalevelofgranularityrelevanttoserviceconsumers.
SOAresourcerecord(n)~Arecordthatindicatesthestartingpointororiginalpointof
authorityforinformationstoredinazone.TheSOAresourcerecord(RR)isthefirstRR
createdwhenaddinganewzone.Italsocontainsseveralparametersusedbyother
computersthatuseDNStodeterminehowlongtheywilluseinformationforthezoneand
howoftenupdatesarerequired.
SOAP(n)~Asimple,XML-basedprotocolforexchangingstructureddataandtype
informationontheWorldWideWeb.Theprotocoliscurrentlythedefactostandardfor
XMLmessaging.
SOAPaction(n)~AparameterthatcanbeusedtospecifyaURIthatidentifiestheintent
ofaSOAPmessage.
SOAPadapter(n)~AnadapterthatimplementstheSOAPprotocoltointeractwithline-
of-businessapplications,publishesorchestrationsasWebservices,andconsumesexternal
Webservices.
SOAPbody(n)~AcollectionofzeroormoreelementsinaSOAPmessage.
SOAPextension(n)~Anextensibilityclassin.NETthatallowstheSOAPmessagetobe
interceptedbeforeandafterdeserializationonincomingandoutgoingmessages.The
SOAPextensionmaybeusedonboth.NETclientsand.NETservices.
SOAPfault(n)~AcollectionofelementsinaSOAPmessagethatidentifythecodeand
causeofanerror.
SOAPheader(n)~TheextensibilityelementsofaSOAPmessage.TheSOAPheader
allowsadditionalinformationtobesentwithaSOAPrequest.
SOAPmessage(n)~ThedataencapsulatedinaSOAPenvelopethatflowsbackandforth
betweenaclientandaWebservice.
SOC(n)~Achipthatintegratesmostofallofthebasiccomponentsofacomputer,
includingmicroprocessorsandnecessarysupportcomponents.SOCtechnologyisusedin
firewalls,gateways,specializedservers,andinteractivedevices.
social(PN)~ThewebpagesubheadingfortheviewinMessengerthatdisplaysthesocial
activityoffriends.
social(adj)~Oforrelatedtosocialnetworking.
social(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatescommunicationorsocialnetworking.
Social(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatescommunicationorsocialnetworking.
SocialAnalytics~describestheprocessofmeasuring,analyzingandinterpretingthe
resultsofinteractionsandassociationsamongpeople,topicsandideas.
socialauthentication(n)~Awaytoauthenticateusersbylinkingthemtotheirsocial
identity.
SocialCenter(PN)~AreawithinMicrosoftSocialEngagementthatprovidesasetof
user-basedstreams(ofposts)thatallowuserstokeeptrackofunderlyingdatasets.
socialchannel(n)~AnaccountonasocialnetworkingsitesuchasFacebookorTwitter
thatyouconnecttofromMicrosoftDynamicsCRM.
socialcomputing(n)~Anareaofcomputerscienceconcernedwithcreatingorrecreating
socialconventionsandsocialcontextsonlinethroughtheuseofsoftwareandtechnology.
socialdata(n)~Acollectionoffeaturesthatcanbeusedtostoreandsharecomments,
shortcuts,descriptions,andotherinformationaboutWebpagesanditemsonaSharePoint
siteortheInternet.
socialdatabase(n)~Adatabasethatisusedtostoresocialtagginginformationforauser,
i.e.SocialCommentorSocialTagorSocialRating.
socialdistance(n)~Therelationshipbetweentheuserwhotypedthequeryandthe
peoplewhoarelistedinthesearchresultsasdefinedbytheirpositionsintheorganization.
socialengineering(n)~Thepracticeofpenetratingsystemsecuritybytricking
individualsintodivulgingpasswordsandinformationaboutnetworkvulnerabilities.Often
donebycallingtheindividualonphoneandpretendingtobeanotheremployeeof
companywithacomputer-relatedquestion.
socialfeedback(n)~Feedbackaboutanycontent,page,orsitethatisprovidedusing
socialbookmarks,tagsorcomments.
socialnetwork(n)~Anetworkmadeofpeopleororganizationslinkedbysometypeof
socialrelationship.
socialnetworking(n)~TheuseofWebsitesandservicesthatprovideenhanced
informationandinteractioncapabilitieswithregardtopeopleandresources.
socialnetworkingsite(n)~Asitethatprovidessocialnetworkingcapabilities.
socialprofile(n)~Aprofileonasocialnetworkthatisownedandmaintainedbyoneor
moreindividualswithinMicrosoftSocialEngagement.
SocialRatingSynchronizationJob(PN)~Atimerjobthatsynchronizesratingvalues
betweenthesocialdatabaseandcontentdatabase.
socialsales(n)~Thepartofthesalescyclethatisconductedthroughsocialmedia
platforms.
socialsecuritynumber(n)~IntheUnitedStates,aTaxpayerIdentificationNumber
assignedtocitizensandsomenoncitizens.Thenumberisrequiredforanyonetoobtain
workortoreceivegovernmentalbenefits,suchassocialsecuritypaymentsafter
retirement.
socialslice(n)~Inapiechartthatrepresentsrecords,forexample,casesbrokenoutby
source,thepartofthepie’(theslice)thatrepresentssocialsourcessuchasFacebook
socialtag(n)~AcustomkeywordordescriptionandshortcuttoaWebpageoritemona
SharePointsiteortheInternet.Allofthesetagscanbeviewed,managed,andsharedby
usingMySite.
socialupdate(n)~AnactiontakenonWindowsLiveoronpartnerwebsitessuchas
Facebookthatisconsideredtohavesocialrelevanceandthatmightappearinanactivity
feed.Forexample,photoactivityandstatusupdatesareconsideredtobesociallyrelevant.
WithinWindowsLive,friendsseeoneanother’srelevantactionsinfeedswithin
Messenger,onWindowsLiveHome,andotherplaces.Dependingonthepartnerandtheir
settings,actionsthatacustomertakesonWindowsLivemaybevisibleonpartnersites,
actionstheytakeonpartnersitesmaybevisibleonWindowsLive,orboth.
Socialupdates(PN)~TheUIlabelfortheHotmailquickviewthatdisplaysonlythee-
mailmessagesthatoriginatefromasocialnetworkingservicesuchasFacebook.
socket(n)~Anidentifierforaparticularserviceonaparticularnodeonanetwork.The
socketconsistsofanodeaddressandaportnumber,whichidentifiestheservice.
socket(n)~Anopeninginthehousingofacomputer,portabledevice,peripheral,orother
intelligentelectronicdevicedesignedtoholdaPCCardorsmartcard.
socket~areceptaclethatprovidesameansofcommunicationbetweentwoprocesses.
socket~Anidentifierthatanapplicationusestouniquelyidentifyanendpointof
communication.
socket~Ameansfordirectingdatatoanapplicationina-TCP/IP-networkusinga
uniqueidentifierthatisacombinationofanIPaddressandaportnumber.
SO-DIMM(n)~AsmallerversionofaDIMMusedinlaptops.
softbooking(n)~Aprojectbookingthattentativelyassignsaresourcetoaprojector
activitywithoutcommittingittotheschedule.
softbreak(n)~Abreakwhichissimulatedbythedebugger.Itisusedifanativeprogram
cannotbestoppedforsomereason(forexample,theprogramisexecutinginkernel
mode).Thedebuggerfreezesallthreadsandsimulatesabreak.
softdelete(n)~TheprocessofmovinganitemtotheDeletedItemsfolder.
softedges(n)~Apicture,shape,orvideoeffectthatusesgradationasopposedtoahard
outline.Theedgesoftheobjectdisappearorfadeintothebackground.
softfont(n)~Asetofcharactersthatarecopiedfromacomputersdisktoaprinters
memorywhenrequestedforprintingadocument.Downloadablefontsaremostcommonly
usedwithlaserprinters,althoughdotmatrixprinterscanacceptsomeofthem.
softhyphen(n)~Ahyphenthatisusedtocontrolwhereawordorphrasebreaksifitfalls
attheendofaline.Forexample,youcanspecifythatthewordnonprinting’breaksas
‘non-printing’ratherthan‘nonprint-ing.”
softkey(n)~Oneofthetwounlabeledkeyslocatedjustbelowthedisplayareaona
mobilephone.Thesekeysarecalledsoft’becausetheirfunctionschangetofitthecontext.
Labelsinthelowerpartofthemobilescreentelluserswhatthesoftkeysdo.’
softkeyboard(n)~Akeyboardrepresentationonthescreenthatallowsuserstotype
usingtouch,astylus,orotherinputdevice.
softpage(n)~Arenderedpagethatcanbeslightlylargerthanthesizespecifiedusingthe
InteractiveHeightandInteractiveWidthpropertiesofareport(HTMLandWinForm
control).
softpage-breakrenderer(n)~Arenderingextensionthatmaintainsthereportlayoutand
formattingsothattheresultingfileisoptimizedforscreen-basedviewinganddelivery,
suchasonaWebpageorintheReportViewercontrols.
softquota(n)~Aquotathatdoesnotenforcethequotalimit,butgeneratesallconfigured
notifications.
softreboot(n)~Therestartingofarunningcomputerwithoutfirstturningoffthepower.
softrecovery(n)~Soft’recoveryiswhathappenswhenthesystemisshutdown
improperly
softrestart(n)~Therestartingofarunningcomputerwithoutfirstturningoffthepower.
softshadowing(n)~Ashadowingeffectthatusesgradationasopposedtoahardoutline.
softstart(n)~Inapresetrecordinginterval,astartingpointwhichincludesextrabuffer
timeallocatedtoaplannedscheduledrecordingincasetheprogramstartsalittleearly.
softstop(n)~Inapresetrecordinginterval,anendpointwhichincludesextrabuffertime
allocatedtoaplannedscheduledrecordingincasetheprogramendsalittlelate.
softkey(n)~Anitemonmobiledevices(e.g.mobilephones)thatconsistsofakeyplusa
softwarelabeldescribingthecurrentfunctionofthekey.
softkey(n)~Oneofthetwounlabeledkeyslocatedjustbelowthedisplayareaona
mobilephone.Thesekeysarecalledsoft’becausetheirfunctionschangetofitthecontext.
Labelsinthelowerpartofthemobilescreentelluserswhatthesoftkeysdo.’
softphone(n)~Asoftwareprogramintegratedwithinyourcomputertoserveasa
telephone.
software(n)~LicensedcopiesofMicrosoftsoftwareidentifiedontheProductList.
SoftwaredoesnotincludeOnlineServicesorServicesDeliverables,butSoftwaremaybe
partofanOnlineService.
Software~Theprogramsthatrunonacomputer.Withoutsoftware,acomputercan’tdo
anything.
Software+Services(PN)~Abusinessmodelwhichblendslocallyinstalled,full-package
softwarewithInternet-deliveredorhostedapplications.
softwareasaservice(n)~Thecapabilityprovidedtotheconsumerforusingthe
provider’sapplicationsrunningonacloudinfrastructure.Theapplicationsareaccessible
fromvariousclientdevicesthrougheitherathinclientinterface,suchasawebbrowser
(e.g.,web-basedemail),oraprograminterface.Theconsumerdoesnotmanageorcontrol
theunderlyingcloudinfrastructure,includingnetwork,servers,operatingsystems,
storage,orevenindividualapplicationcapabilities,withthepossibleexceptionoflimited
user-specificapplicationconfigurationsettings.
softwareassetmanagement(n)~Abestpracticeincorporatingasetofprovenprocesses
andproceduresformanagingandoptimizingthepurchase,deployment,maintenance,
utilization,anddisposalofsoftwareapplicationswithinanorganization.SAMpractice
helpstomanageriskfromcounterfeitaswellasimproperlylicensedsoftware.
SoftwareAssetManagement(n)~Abestpracticeincorporatingasetofprovenprocesses
andproceduresformanagingandoptimizingthepurchase,deployment,maintenance,
utilization,anddisposalofsoftwareapplicationswithinanorganization.SAMpractice
helpstomanageriskfromcounterfeitaswellasimproperlylicensedsoftware.
softwarebundler(n)~Aprogramthatinstallsotherpotentiallyunwantedsoftware,such
asadwareorspyware.Thelicenseagreementofthebundlingprogrammayrequirethese
othercomponentsinordertofunction.
softwaredecoder(n)~Atypeofdigitalvideodisc()decoderthatallowsaDVDdriveto
displaymoviesonyourcomputerscreen.Asoftwaredecoderusesonlysoftwaretodisplay
movies.
softwaredeployment(n)~Theprocessofdistributingandinstallingasoftwareprogram
throughoutanentireorganization.
softwaredevelopmentkit(n)~Asetofroutines(usuallyinoneormorelibraries)
designedtoallowdeveloperstomoreeasilywriteprogramsforagivencomputer,
operatingsystem,oruserinterface.
softwarefactory(n)~Astructuredcollectionoftools,templates,libraries,documents,
andotherassets.Thefactoryextendsanintegrateddevelopmentenvironmentwitha
customprocessusedtobuildaspecifictypeofsoftwaresystem,application,or
component.
softwarefactoryasset(n)~Aresourceorsetofresourcesprovidedbyasoftwarefactory
andusedinadevelopmentenvironmenttobuildasoftwareapplication.Assetscaninclude
documents,models,configurationfiles,buildscripts,sourcecodefiles,prescriptive
guidance,localizationfiles,deploymentmanifests,testcasedefinitions,andsoforth.
softwarefactorydocumentation(n)~Thehelpandothernarrativethatdescribesthe
otherassetsandactivitiescontainedinthesoftwarefactory.
softwarefactoryproduct(n)~Theinstanceofaspecifictypeofsoftwaresystem,
application,orcomponentbuiltbythesoftwarefactory.
softwarefactoryschema(n)~Themodelthatdefinesthestructureofafactory.The
schemaorganizestheassetsandthecustomprocessaroundasetofarchitecturalviews.
Theschemaalsodescribestheoutputsofthefactory.
softwareinputpanel(n)~Asoftwareaccessorythatenablesyoutouseavarietyofdirect
inputmethods(suchashandwriting,speech,touch,stylus,gestures,andsoon)tointeract
withWindows-basedprograms.Aninputpanelcanincludeawritingpadandacharacter
padtoconverthandwritingintotypedtextormathematicalequations,andanon-screen
keyboardtoenterindividualcharacters.
softwarekey(n)~Asystem-generated,device-specific,registrysubkeythatcontains
informationaboutthedriversoftwareassociatedwithadevice.
softwarekeyboard(n)~Akeyboardrepresentationonthescreenthatallowsuserstotype
usingtouch,astylus,orotherinputdevice.
SoftwareLicensingCommerceClient(n)~AserviceorfeatureofWindowsthatenables
licensingatthefeaturelevel;therebybroadeningthedistributionandlicensingoptionsfor
retailers,ISVs,andOEMs.Newbusinessmodelsmayinclude:trials,subscriptions,
gifting,transfers,orpay-for-use.
SoftwareLicensingService(n)~Aservicewhichprovidesaninfrastructurethatenforces
asoftwarelicensepolicybasedontrustedplatformmodule;thus,enablingsecure
licensingto,andonlyto,thelicenseholder.
softwaremetering(n)~Afeaturethatmonitorsprogramusageonclientcomputers.
softwarepackage(n)~Thecombinationoffiles,settings,andrelatedgeneralinformation
thatisrequiredtoinstallsoftwareonmanagedcomputers.Thegeneralinformation
includesitemssuchasthecommandlinethatneedstorunoncomputerstoinstallthe
software,hardwarerequirementsthatmustbemetbeforethesoftwarecanbesuccessfully
installed,andaschedulefortheinstallation.
softwarepiracy(n)~Anyunauthorizedcopying,distribution,anduseofcomputer
software,orsoftwaretheft.
SoftwarePlusServices(PN)~Abusinessmodelwhichblendslocallyinstalled,full-
packagesoftwarewithInternet-deliveredorhostedapplications.
softwareprofile(n)~ACertificateLifecycleManager(CLM)profilecreatedwhena
requestisperformedusingaprofiletemplatethatonlyincludessoftware-basedcertificate
templates.
softwareprotection(n)~Theprocessofprotectingdatafromlossorcorruptionby
preventinginstallationofdriversoftwarefromuntrustedsources.
softwareprovisioning(n)~TheactofconfiguringsoftwarepackagesintheService
Managerconsoleandsupplyingtherequestedsoftwarepackagestocomputers,as
requestedbySelf-ServicePortalusers.
SoftwarePublishingCertificate(n)~APKCS#7signed-dataobjectcontainingX.509
certificates.Thecertificatecontainstheverifiablepublickeyofatrustedsoftware
publisher.
SoftwarePublishingCertificate(n)~AnoptionbuttonlabelintheCertificatetypegroup
boxintheCertificateSettingsPropertiesboxinMobileDeploymentManager.
softwarerouter(n)~Arouterthatisnotdedicatedtoperformingrouting,butperforms
routingasoneofmultipleprocessesrunningontheroutercomputer.
softwaretelephone(n)~Asoftwareprogramintegratedwithinyourcomputertoserveas
atelephone.
softwaretransformer(n)~Asoftwaremoduleorroutinethatmodifiestheevents(data)
intoaformatexpectedbytheoutputdevice,andemitsthedatatothatdevice.
softwareupdate(n)~Anyupdate,updaterollup,servicepack,featurepack,critical
update,securityupdate,orhotfixusedtoimproveorfixasoftwareproductreleasedby
MicrosoftCorporation.
SoftwareUpdateManager(n)~Asecurityrolethatgrantspermissionstoadministrative
userssothattheycandefineanddeploysoftwareupdates.
softwareupdatepoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersiterolethatisconfiguredona
computerrunningWSUS.
softwareupgrade(n)~Asoftwarepackagethatreplacesanexistingversionofaproduct
withanewerand/ormorepowerfulorsophisticatedversionofthesameproduct.The
upgradeprocesstypicallyleavesexistingcustomerdataandpreferencesintactwhile
replacingtheexistingsoftwarewiththenewerversion.
SoH(n)~Adeclarationfromaclientcomputerthatassertsthecomputer’shealthstatus.
Systemhealthagents(SHAs)createSoHsandsendthemtoacorrespondingsystemhealth
validator(SHV).
solicit-responseadapter(n)~Atwo-waysendadapter.Asolicit-responsesendadapter
sendsarequestmessagefromBizTalkServertoadestination,waitsforaresponse
message,andthensubmitstheresponsemessagebacktoBizTalkServer.
solidcolorbrush(n)~Abrushcomposedofasinglecolor
solid-statedrive(n)~Aprimarystoragedevicebasedonsolid-statememory,suchasflash
memory,thatprovidesnonvolatilestoragewithbenefitsofperformance,reliabilityand
powersaving.
SOLIDUS(n)~The/character.
solution(n)~Thecoordinateddeliveryoftheelements(includingtechnologies,
documentation,trainingandsupport)neededtosuccessfullyrespondtoaunique
customer’sbusinessproblemoropportunity.
solution(n)~Asetofcomponents,forexample,entities,attributes,relationships,
workflows,andreports,thatprovideaspecificsetoffunctionalityontopofthecoreCRM
platform.
solution(n)~Aninstanceofanapplication,suchasNetBreezeorMicrosoftDynamics
Marketing.
SolutionAccelerator(n)~AnintegratedsetofMicrosoftcomponents,templates,and
guidancedesignedtosolvespecificcustomerbusinessproblems.
solutionarchitecture(n)~Thearchitectureofthesoftwareincludingitsstructure,entry
points,trustareas,andclassandcomponentrelationships.
solutioncomponent(n)~ApartofasolutionthatsomeoneextendingCRMcanuseto
achievespecificfunctionality.
solutionconcept(n)~Ahigh-leveldescriptionofhowthesolutionwillmeetgoalsand
requirements.
solutionexplorer(n)~AcomponentofMicrosoftSQLServerManagementStudiothat
allowsyoutoviewandmanageitemsandperformitemmanagementtasksinasolutionor
aproject.
SolutionExplorer(PN)~Thewindowthatdisplayssolutions,projects,andfiles,aswell
asaccesstothecommandsthatpertaintothem.
solutionpackage(n)~Acompressedfilethatcanbedeployedtoaserverfarmorasite.It
cancontainassemblies,resourcefiles,siteandfeaturedefinitions,templates,codeaccess
securitypolicies,andWebParts.
solutionprovider(n)~Thecompanythatdefinestheofferingprogramforcomputers
runningFlexGotechnology,includinghardware,software,andservices;support;
financing.
solutionpublisher(n)~Apartner,suchasanISV,whodevelopssolutionsontopofa
softwareplatform.
solutionrepository(n)~Adeployment-widecontainerofsolutionsthatcanbedeployed
inmultipleorganizations.
SolutionstoProblems(n)~AnitemontheControlPanel.
solveorder(n)~Theorderofevaluation(fromhighesttolowestsolveorder)and
calculation(fromlowesttohighestsolveorder)forcalculatedmembers,custommembers,
customrollupformulas,andcalculatedcellsinasinglecalculationpassofa
multidimensionalcube.
solvencyratio(n)~Anindicatorofacompany’sabilitytomeetitslong-termfinancial
obligations,calculatedbydividingnetworthbytotalassets.
SomeAdultAssistanceMayBeNeeded(oth)~Acontentdescriptordevelopedbythe
EntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard(ESRB).
Somefriends(PN)~TheUIlabelforapermissionssettingthatindicatesanitemisbeing
sharedwith(madeavailableto)onlyfriendswhodon’thavelimitedaccess.
Someone(PN)~ThedisplaynameUIlabelusedwhenthereisn’tadisplaynamevalue
available,aswhendatacan’tberetrievedorsomeonehasn’tcompletelyfilledouttheir
profile.
SomeoneonWindowsLive(PN)~ThedisplaynameUIlabelusedwhenthereisn’ta
displaynamevalueavailable,aswhendatacan’tberetrievedorsomeonehasn’t
completelyfilledouttheirprofile.
[email protected](n)~AsampleemailaddressusedinMicrosoftsoftwareand
Helpfilesfordemonstrationpurposes.
Sonata(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#105.
song(n)~Abriefmusicalcomposition.
songcredit(n)~CreditsusedtodownloadsongswithaXboxMusicPasssubscription.
Sony/PhilipsDigitalInterface(n)~Astandardfordigitaltransferofaudio.
sort(v)~Toorganizeinformation,suchasalistoffiles,inaparticularorder.Forexample,
alistoffilescanbesortedalphabeticallybynameinascendingordescendingorder.
sortcode(n)~A6-digitcodeusedbytheBritishandIrishbankingindustriestoidentify
banksandroutemoneytransfersbetweenbanks.
sortorder(n)~Awaytoarrangedatabasedonvalueordatatype.Youcansortdata
alphabetically,numerically,orbydate.Sortordersuseanascending(1to9,AtoZ)or
descending(9to1,ZtoA)order.
sortablemanagedproperty(n)~Amanagedpropertywhoseresultsetcanbesorted
basedonthepropertybeforetheresultsetisreturned.
sorting(n)~Amethodofarrangingdatabasedontheorderofspecifiedinformation.For
example,recordssortedbyclasswouldlistallrecordswithinaclassbeforemovingto
recordsinthenextclass.
sortingcode(n)~Acodethatdefineshowdataissortedinareport.
sortingID(n)~Acodewhichdictatesthecorrectorderforsortingthecharactersofa
language.ThesortingIDisusedinconjunctionwithalocaleIDtodistinguishbetween
defaultsortsandalternatesortsforlocaleswhichhavemorethanonesortingorder.
sortingorder(n)~Awaytoarrangedatabasedonvalueordatatype.Youcansortdata
alphabetically,numerically,orbydate.Sortordersuseanascending(1to9,AtoZ)or
descending(9to1,ZtoA)order.
Soul(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#42.
Sound(PN)~ThelabelofthepickerboxshowingalistofAlarmsandAlerts.
soundboard(n)~AtypeofexpansionboardonPC-compatiblecomputersthatallowsthe
playbackandrecordingofsound,suchasfromaWAVorMIDIfileoramusicCD-ROM.
MostPCssoldatretailincludeasoundcard.
soundcard(n)~AtypeofexpansionboardonPC-compatiblecomputersthatallowsthe
playbackandrecordingofsound,suchasfromaWAVorMIDIfileoramusicCD-ROM.
MostPCssoldatretailincludeasoundcard.
SoundClip(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#37.
soundfile(n)~Afilethatcontainstheinformationacomputerusestoplaysoundson
yourcomputer.Soundfilesusuallyhavethefileextension.wav.
Soundcard~Originallyan-expansioncard-toenablethePCtomakesoundsmore
sophisticatedthanasimple‘beep!’.Nowusuallybuiltintothemotherboard.
SoundSentry(n)~AWindowsfeaturethatproducesavisualcue,suchasascreenflashor
ablinkingtitlebar,wheneverthecomputerplaysasystemsound.
Soundtrack(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#24.
source(n)~Adisk,file,document,orothercollectionofinformationfromwhichdatais
takenormoved.
source(n)~Audioandvideocontentthatcanbecapturedandencodedfromdevices
installedonyourcomputerorfromafile.
source(n)~Thedatabaseinaparticularoperationthattheoperationdoesnotmodify.
source(n)~TheSSISdataflowcomponentthatmakesdatafromdifferentexternaldata
sourcesavailabletotheothercomponentsinthedataflow.
source(n)~Asynchronizationproviderthatenumeratesanychangesandsendsthemto
thedestinationprovider.
source(n)~ThewebapplicationfromwhichOperationsManager-receivedtheevent.
source(n)~Themediathattheinformationiscomingfrom,suchasFacebookorTwitter.
sourceadapter(n)~Adataflowcomponentthatextractsdatafromadatastore.
sourcearea(n)~Acellrangethatyouconsolidateinthedestinationareayouspecify.
sourcecode(n)~Human-readableprogramstatementswrittenbyaprogrammeror
developerinahigh-levelorassemblylanguagethatarenotdirectlyreadablebya
computer.Sourcecodeneedstobecompiledintoobjectcodebeforeitcanbeexecutedby
acomputer.
sourcecode~Computerprogramsoroperatingsystemsareoriginallywrittenbyahuman
beinginaprogramminglanguage.Thisiscalledthesourcecodeofthesoftware.
sourcecodeconfigurationfile(n)~AfilethatBuild.exeusestogeneratesourcecode.A
sourcecodeconfigurationfilecanbeadirsfile,asourcesfile,oramakefilefile.
sourcecodecontrol(n)~Asetoffeaturesthatincludeamechanismforcheckingsource
codeinandoutofacentralrepository.Italsoimpliesaversioncontrolsystemthatcan
managefilesthroughthedevelopmentlifecycle,keepingtrackofwhichchangeswere
made,whomadethem,whentheyweremade,andwhy.
sourcecompanyaccount(n)~Thelegalentitythatistheoriginofaliabilityinan
intercompanyeconomictransaction.
sourcecontrol(n)~Asetoffeaturesthatincludeamechanismforcheckingsourcecode
inandoutofacentralrepository.Italsoimpliesaversioncontrolsystemthatcanmanage
filesthroughthedevelopmentlifecycle,keepingtrackofwhichchangesweremade,who
madethem,whentheyweremade,andwhy.
SourceControlExplorer(n)~AwindowthatisusedtoviewandmanageTeam
Foundationsourcecontrolitemswhichcanincludeteamprojectsfoldersandfiles.
sourcecube(n)~Thecubeonwhichalinkedcubeisbased.
sourcedata(n)~Theoriginaldataonwhichacomputerapplicationisbased.
sourcedata(n)~Thelistortablethat’susedtocreateaPivotTableorPivotChartreport.
SourcedatacanbetakenfromanExcellistorrange,anexternaldatabaseorcube,or
anotherPivotTablereport.
sourcedataintegration(n)~Theprocessofcleansingsourcedata,suchastransactional
andoperationaldata,andmovingittoadatawarehouseoradatamart.
sourcedatabase(n)~AdatabaseonthePublisherfromwhichdataanddatabaseobjects
aremarkedforreplicationaspartofapublicationthatispropagatedtoSubscribers.Fora
databaseview,thedatabaseonwhichtheviewiscreated.
sourcedepot(n)~Aninternalversioncontrolsystemthatenablespeopletoworkonone
projectfromseparateworkstationsandstillmaintainanup-to-dateversionofeachfile.
sourcedetails(n)~Nameoftheviewthathasdetailsabouttheselectedsource.
sourcedirectory(n)~Thefolderthatcontainsthefileorfilestobecopiedormoved.
sourcedocument(n)~Thedocumentwherealinkedorembeddedobjectwasoriginally
created.
sourcedocument(n)~Anoriginalrecordthatevidencestheoccurrenceofoneormore
economic,resourceflow,andaccountingevents.Asourcedocumentisenteredintoa
systemthatrecords,classifies,tracks,andreportsontheeconomicresourcesexchangedor
committedatthetimeoftheevent.
sourcedocument(n)~Thebusinessdocumentsthattriggerawarehouseactivity,suchas
asalesorderthattriggersanactivitytopickanitemfrominventory.
sourcedocumentamount(n)~Amonetaryamountmeasurementthatisdocumentedona
sourcedocument.
sourcefile(n)~Afilethatcontainsthedatathataprogramwillprocessandstoreina
destinationfile.
sourceinventorylocation(n)~Theinventorylocationwherematerialsrequiredbya
kanbanproductionactivityortransferactivityarepicked.
sourcelanguage(n)~Theprogramminglanguageinwhichthesourcecodeforaprogram
iswritten.
SourceManager(n)~Adialogboxthatallowsuserstoadd/remove/organizethelistof
bibliographicinformationforthedocument
sourcemodel(n)~Themodelfromwhichdatawillbemoved.
sourceobject(n)~Thesingleobjecttowhichallobjectsinaparticularcollectionare
connectedbywayofrelationshipsthatareallofthesamerelationshiptype.
sourceofauthority(n)~ThelocationwhereActiveDirectorydirectoryserviceobjects,
suchasusersandgroups,aremastered(anoriginalsourcethatdefinescopiesofanobject)
inacross-premisesdeployment.
sourceoflead(n)~Thesourceofanaccount,businesscontact,oropportunity;for
example,anadvertisementorpersonalreference.
sourcepartition(n)~AnAnalysisServicespartitionthatismergedintoanotherandis
deletedautomaticallyattheendofthemergerprocess.
sourceprogram(n)~Theprogramusedtocreatealinkedobjectorembeddedobject.To
edittheobject,youmusthavethesourceprograminstalledonyourcomputer.
sourceprovider(n)~Asynchronizationproviderthatenumeratesanychangesandsends
themtothedestinationprovider.
sourcerequirement(n)~Theproductquantitydocumentedonasourcedocumentline
thatcreatesapeggingrequirement.
sourcesubscription(n)~Asubscriptionthatiscanceledtocreateanewsubscriptionasa
resultofaconversionormerge.
sourcesystem(n)~Thesysteminwhichapplicationandmetadataresidebeforetheyare
migratedtoadifferentone.
sourceterm(n)~Theterminthesourcelanguagethatisassociatedwithaconcept.
SourcedFrom(n)~Thesourcewheretheuserwascreated.ItcanbeanAzureAD,
syncedfromalocaldirectory,oraMicrosoftaccount.
SouthAfricanNationalClearingCode(PN)~Aseriesofnumbersusedtoidentify
banksandtransactionroutinginformationforSouthAfricanfinancialinstitutes.
Southbridge~thechipthatcontrolsallofthecomputersI/Ofunctions,suchasUSB,
audio,serial,thesystemBIOS,theISAbus,theinterruptcontrollerandtheIDEchannels.
Inotherwords,allofthefunctionsofaprocessorexceptmemory,PCIandAGP.
SouthernRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
ID3v1genreID#56.
South-North(adj)~Anodeplacementstylethatspecifiesthatthenodesareplacedsouth-
northinrelationtotheMOMManagementServer.
SOW(n)~Adetaileddescriptionoftheworkthatneedstobecompletedwithinthescope
ofacontract.
SOX(PN)~AU.S.federallawthatrequiresthepreservationofrecordsbycertain
exchangemembers,brokers,anddealers.
SOXComplianceandTechnologyOptions(n)~Atemplatethataddressesthegeneral
activitiesinvolvedineffortstoachievemoreefficientSOXcompliance.-Thisproject
assumesthattheorganizationisalreadySOXcompliant.
SP(n)~Atested,cumulativesetofallhotfixes,securityupdates,criticalupdatesand
updates,aswellasadditionalfixesforproblemsfoundinternallysincethereleaseofthe
product.Servicepacksmayalsocontainalimitednumberofcustomerrequesteddesign
changesorfeatures,andcontainallfixessincethepreviousservicepackorRTM.
SP2,SP3~(ServicePack2,3etc)-Microsoftoccasionallyreleasealargepackageof
updatesforaWindowsversion,rollingupprevioussmallupdatesintoonepackage,and
patchingvulnerabilitieswhichhavecometolightsincetheoriginalrelease.Thesemajor
packagestendtobecalledServicePackandanumber.
space(n)~Theapproximatelocationofoneormoreresources,suchasaperson,
computer,printer,orasset,inaspaceplan.
Space(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#44.
space(n)~ApersonalwebpresenceprovidedbytheWindowsLiveSpacesservice.
spacecharacter(n)~AcharacterthatisenteredbypressingtheSPACEBARonthe
keyboardandthattypicallyappearsonthescreenasablankspace.
SpaceExplorer(n)~Awindowthatdisplaysalistofallthespacesinthedrawingandall
theresourcesassociatedwitheachspace.
spacegesture(n)~InTabletPCInputPanel,anactiongesturethatperformsthesame
actionaspressingtheSPACEkeyonthekeyboard.
spaceplan(n)~AdrawingthatusesSpaceshapesandresourceshapestotrackthe
approximatelocationofresourcesinabuilding.Atypeofbuildingplan.
spacesaving(adj)~AchassistypethatcanbereportedbytheWin32_SystemEnclosure
classinWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)andthatreferstoachassisthatis
specificallydesignedtobecompacttosavephysicalspace.
SPACEBAR(n)~Alongkeyoccupyingmuchofthebottomrowofmostkeyboardsthat
sendsaspacecharactertothecomputer.
Spaces(PN)~Thelinktotheuser’spersonalonlinespace,withblogfunctionality,photo
albums,andlists,onWindowsLiveSpaces.
spacingcharacter(n)~Acharacterwithanon-zerowidth.
spam(n)~Anunsolicitedandtypicallyunwelcomemessage,oftencommercialor
politicalinnature,transmittedviatheInternetasamassmailing(sometimesasiffroma
fictitioususerordomain)toalargenumberofrecipients.
Spam~Unsolicitedbulkadvertising,usuallyviaemail.Originallyanameformass
postingstoUsenet-newsgroups-advertisingproductsorservices,regardlessoftheir
relevancetothenewsgroup.(ThenamecomesfromafamousMontyPythonsketchin
whicheveryconversationisinterruptedeveryfew-secondsbypeopleshouting‘spam
spamspam’atthetopoftheirvoices).Sendingspamisillegalinmostjurisdictions.A
spamfilterisaprogramdesignedtoautomaticallyremovespamfromyouremailbefore
youseeitandisstandardinanycorporateemailsystem.
spam~Aninappropriateattempttousea-mailinglist,or-USENET-orothernetworked
communicationsfacilityasifitwasabroadcastmedium(whichitisnot)bysendingthe
samemessagetoalargenumberofpeoplewhodidn’taskforit.
spamconfidencelevel(n)~Thenormalizedvaluethatisassignedtoane-mailmessage.
Thisvalueindicates,basedonthecharacteristicsofthemessage,suchasthecontent,
messageheader,andsoforth,thelikelihoodthatthemessageisspam.Thisvalueis
persistedwiththemessagewhenthemessageissenttootherExchangeservers.
spamconfidencelevelthreshold(n)~Thelevelatwhichthecontentfilterfeaturein
ExchangeServertakesaspecificactiononaspecificmessage,suchasrejectingamessage
ordeletingamessage.
SpamFightersprogram(PN)~Thespam-fightingprogramthatHotmailrunswhere
actualcustomersclassifye-mailmessagesasjunk’or‘notjunk.’Becausetheprogramis
byinvitationonly
SpamFilterpage(n)~Thepagethatenablesuserstomanageallaspectsoftheirspam
filteringandstorage.
spamonIM(n)~Unsolicitedcommercialinstantmessagesorpresencesubscription
requestssenttomultipleusers.
SpamOptionsarea(n)~TheareaoftheSpamFilterpagethatallowsuserstoselectspam
storageoptions.
SpamQuarantinestorageoption(n)~TheoptionontheSpamFilterpagethatredirects
mailidentifiedasspamtoindividualWeb-basedmailboxeshostedbyExchangeHosted
Servicesservers.Spamisstoredfor15days,andthenautomaticallypurged.
SpamRedirectionstorageoption(n)~TheoptionontheSpamFilterpagethatredirects
mailidentifiedasspamtoasingleSMTPaddresswithinthedomainthatissetbythe
administrator.
spamsubmission(n)~Thesubmissionbyusersofunfilteredmessagestothespam
evaluationteamatExchangeHostedServices.Userssubmittheunfilteredspammessages
withthefullInternetheadersintacttotheorganization’sabusealias.
spammer(n)~Apersonwhosendsspam.
spannedvolume(n)~Adynamicvolumeconsistingofdiskspaceonmorethanone
physicaldisk.Youcanincreasethesizeofaspannedvolumebyextendingitonto
additionaldynamicdisks.Youcancreatespannedvolumesonlyondynamicdisks.
Spannedvolumesarenotfaulttolerantandcannotbemirrored.
SPAP(n)~Atwo-way,reversibleencryptionmechanismforauthenticatingPPP
connectionsemployedbyShivaremoteaccessservers.
Spark(PN)~Anopensourceprojectforafastandgeneralengineforlarge-scaledata
processingusinganadvancedDAGexecutionenginethatsupportscyclicdataflowand
in-memorycomputingandcombinesSQL,streaming,andcomplexanalyticsformachine
learning.
Sparkapplication(n)~A-driverprogram-thatrunstheuser’smain-functionand
executesvarious-paralleloperations-onacluster.
spark-defaults.conf(n)~TheconfigurationfilewhereSpark’sconfigurablepropertiesare
stored,whereeachlineconsistsofakeyandavalueseparatedbywhitespace.
sparkline(n)~Aminiaturechartthatcanbeinsertedintotextorembeddedwithinacell
onaworksheettoillustratehighs,lows,andtrendsinyourdata.
sparsearray(n)~Anarray(arrangementofitems)inwhichmanyoftheentriesare
identical,commonlyzero.Itisnotpossibletodefinepreciselywhenanarrayissparse,but
itisclearthatatsomepoint,usuallywhenaboutone-thirdofthearrayconsistsofidentical
entries,itbecomesworthwhiletoredefinethearray.
sparsecolumn(n)~Acolumnthatreducesthestoragerequirementfornullvaluesatthe
costofmoreoverheadtoretrievenonnullvalues.
sparsefile(n)~Afilethatishandledinawaythatrequiresmuchlessdiskspacethan
wouldotherwisebeneeded.Sparsesupportallowsanapplicationtocreateverylargefiles
withoutcommittingdiskspaceforthoseregionsofthefilethatcontainonlyzeros.For
example,youcanusesparsesupporttoworkwitha42-GBfileinwhichyouneedtowrite
dataonlytothefirst64KB(therestofthefileiszeroed).
sparsity(n)~Therelativepercentageofamultidimensionalstructure’scellsthatdonot
containdata.
spatial(adj)~Pertainingtotherelativepositionofthingsinanarea.
spatialcolumn(n)~Atablecolumnthatcontainsdataofaspatialdatatype,suchas
geometryorgeography.
spatialdata(n)~Datathatisrepresentedby2Dor3Dimages.Spatialdatacanbefurther
subdividedintogeometricdata(datathatcanusecalculationsinvolvingEuclidian
geometry)andgeographicdata(datathatidentifiesgeographiclocationsandboundaries
ontheearth).
spatialindex(n)~Anextendedindexwhichprovidestheabilitytoindexaspatial
column.
spatiotemporal(adj)~Pertainingtosomethingthatexistsbothinspaceandtime.
SPC(n)~APKCS#7signed-dataobjectcontainingX.509certificates.Thecertificate
containstheverifiablepublickeyofatrustedsoftwarepublisher.
SPDIF(n)~Astandardfordigitaltransferofaudio.
speaker(n)~Themicrophoneandspeakeronacallingdevice/phonethatallowsyouto
conversewithsomeonewithoutusingthehandsetorheadset.
SpeakerCalibrationwizard(n)~Awizardthathelpstheusertoadjusttheirspeakersfor
thebestsoundbyrunningautomaticcalibrationtestsforlevels,delay,andfrequency
response.
speakerfill(n)~ASystemAudioEffects(SYSFX)componentusedtoprovideamore
immersiveaudioexperienceintheWindowsMediaPlayerandthusanimprovedlistening
experiencebyutilizingtheavailablespeakersthatauserhasattachedtohis/herPCby
sendingaudiotoallofthespeakers,regardlessofthenumberofchannelsthecontent
contains.Thiswillprovideabettersoundingexperienceforstereoandquadraphonic
contentbeingrenderedonmulti-channelplaybacksystems.
speakerphantoming(n)~Anaudioeffectthatcansplitsoundsdesignedformultiple
speakersintofewerspeakers.
speakervolume(n)~Anindicatorshowingthelevelofsoundregisteredduringa
conversation.
Speakerphone(adj)~Thenameofadeviceprofilethatisactivatedwhenthedeviceis
usedasaspeakerphone.
speakerphone(n)~Themicrophoneandspeakeronacallingdevice/phonethatallows
youtoconversewithsomeonewithoutusingthehandsetorheadset.
specialcharacter(n)~Acharacterthatisnotfoundonyourkeyboardandmustbe
insertedfromwithinthesoftwareorbypressingacombinationofkeysonyourkeyboard.
specialdepreciationallowance(n)~Adeductionfromthedepreciablebasisofqualifying
fixedassetstakeninthefirstyearofservice.
specialdepreciationratio(n)~Thedepreciationratiothatisusedinthecalculationof
specialdepreciationforassets.
Specialinterest(PN)~TheLifestylesubcategorycontainingappsforpeoplewith
interestsnotfoundinothercategories.
specialpaper(n)~Paperthathascolored,preprintedpatternsorbordersonit.Youcan
usethesepaperstocreateacolorfulandstylishlookwithoutacolorprinterorcopier.
specialpermissions(n)~OnNTFSvolumes,acustomsetofpermissions.Youcan
customizepermissionsonfilesanddirectoriesbyselectingtheindividualcomponentsof
thestandardsetsofpermissions.
specialskill(n)~Capability,knowledge,andaptitudethatarerelativelyrare.
specialization(n)~AspecificfocusareaswhichisasubsetoftheMicrosoftPartner
ProgramCompetencies.
specializeddevice(n)~Anewtypeofdevicethatwedon’thavebuilt-insupportforin
Windows.
SpecializedDeviceAccessModel(PN)~Themodelthatdescribesthetwowaysthata
WindowsStoreappcanaccessaspecializeddevice:OpenAccessModelandRestricted
DeviceAccessModel.
specification(n)~Ininformationprocessing,adescriptionofthedatarecords,programs,
andproceduresinvolvedinaparticulartask.
specifier(n)~Thenamegiventoaprogrammingentity,suchasaclassoravariable.
SPECT(n)~Atypeofcomputedtomography(CT)scaninwhichasmallamountofa
radioactivedrugisinjectedintoavein.
spectrum~Acontinuousrangeoffrequencies,usuallywideinextent,withinwhich
waveshavesomespecificcommoncharacteristics.
specularmaterial(n)~Atypeofmaterialthatcontrolsthecolorofthespecularhighlight
ona3Dobject.
Speech(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#101.
Speech(PN)~Aphonefeaturethatenablesspeechrecognition,pressingandholdingthe
Startbutton.
SpeechAPI(n)~AfeatureinsomeversionsofWindowsthatallowsapplicationsto
includespeechrecognitionorconverttexttospeech.
speechinput(n)~Textthatisenteredbydictatingintoamicrophone.
speechrecognition(n)~Theabilitytointerpretvocalcommandsorconvertspokenwords
intocomputer-readabletext.Speechrecognitionprogramsenableyoutocontrolan
applicationorentertextbyspeakingintoamicrophone,ratherthanbyusingakeyboard.
speechrecognitionengine(n)~ThecomponentofSpeechEngineServices(SES)that
convertsspokeninputtotextanddeliversthetexttoanapplication.SESisacomponent
ofSpeechServer.
speechrecognitionprofile(n)~Theresultsfromyourspeechtrainingandtherecognition
settingsthatyouchose.
speechsynthesis(n)~Afeaturethatdevelopersusetocreatespokenwordsfromtextinan
app.
Speech-to-SpeechTranslation~involvestranslatingonespokenlanguageintoanother.It
combines-speechrecognition,machinetranslationandtext-to-speechtechnology.
speedbump(n)~Acontrolthatslowsdownthespeedofpanningfromauserinteraction.
speeddial(n)~Asingle-ordouble-digitnumberassociatedwithtelephonenumbers,ore-
mailorWebaddresses,thatenablesuserstoquicklyaccessthenumbersoraddresses.
SpeedDial(n)~Amenuitemthatenablestheusertoquicklyaccesstelephonenumbersor
e-mailorWeb-addressesthroughanassociatedlistofsingleordouble-digitnumbers.
speeddial(n)~Afeaturewhereuserscanaddcontactsthattheycallfrequentlysothat
theycangettotheirnumbersquicklyratherthangoingthroughtheContactlistinPeople.
speeddialkey(n)~Asingle-ordouble-digitnumberassociatedwithtelephonenumbers,
ore-mailorWebaddresses,thatenablesuserstoquicklyaccessthenumbersoraddresses.
speeddiallist(n)~Alistofsingleordouble-digitnumbersassociatedwithtelephone
numbers,ore-mailorWeb-addresses,thatenablesuserstoquicklyaccessthenumbersor
addresses.
speeddialnumber(n)~Asingle-ordouble-digitnumberassociatedwithtelephone
numbers,ore-mailorWebaddresses,thatenablesuserstoquicklyaccessthenumbersor
addresses.
speeddialing(n)~Aprocessbywhichauserpressesandholdsakeyontheirmobile
phonekeypadtodialaspecificphonenumber.
SpeedUp,Double(v)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
spelltuningprocessor(n)~Aprocessorusedtofine-tuneaspellingcheckerdictionary.
spellingchecker(n)~Afeatureortoolthathelpsuserscheckforandcorrectmisspellings
inadocument.
Spellingpane(PN)~Apanethatprovidesfunctionalitytocorrectspellingerrorsinyour
document.
SpellingService(PN)~AWebservicethatprovidesspellingcheckerfunctionality.
spend(n)~Anexpenditureintheprocurementdomain.
spendinglimit(n)~AfeatureinMicrosoftAzurethatprotectsusersfromaccidentally
incurringchargesforusagebeyondtheincludedoffermonthlyamountbydisablingthe
servicefortheremainderofthatbillingmonth.
SPF(n)~AnextensionoftheSMTPprotocolthatpreventsspammersfromforgingthe
From:fieldsine-mailmessagesbyverifyingthattheIPaddressintheSMTPReceived:
headerisauthorizedtosende-mailforthesender’sdomain.
sphericalprojection(n)~Theresultofprojectinganimageontoasphere.
SPID(n)~An8-digitto14-digitnumberthatidentifiestheservicesthatyouorderfor
eachB-channel.Forexample,whenyouorderPrimaryRateISDN,youobtaintwophone
numbersandtwoSPIDsfromyourIntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork(ISDN)provider.
TypicalISDNadapterscannotoperatewithoutconfiguringSPIDs.
Spike(n)~AspecialAutoTextentrythatstoresmultipledeletions.MicrosoftOfficeWord
appendsoneitemtoanotheruntilyoupastethecontentsasagroupinanewlocationin
yourdocument.YoucanalsousetheMicrosoftOfficeClipboardtogetthesameresult.
Spim(n)~Unsolicitedcommercialinstantmessagesorpresencesubscriptionrequestssent
tomultipleusers.
spinbox(n)~Acontrol(composedofatextboxandspinbuttoncontrol)thatallowsa
usertoadjustavaluefromalimitedrangeofpossiblevalues.
Spin,In(v)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Spin,out(v)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
spindle(n)~Anydriveincludedwithinthechassisofalaptoporotherportablecomputer.
Alaptopincludingafloppydiskdriveandaharddrivewouldbeconsideredatwo-spindle
machine.
spinlock(n)~Alockingmechanismassociatedwithaglobaldatastructure.This
mechanismensuresthatonlyonethreadcangetaccesstothedatastructureatanygiven
time.
splashscreen(n)~Aninitialscreendisplayedbyinteractivesoftware,usuallycontaining
alogo,versioninformation,authorcredits,oracopyrightnotice.
splattedvariable(n)~Avariablepassedasacommandargumentwherethevariablesigil
-€˜$’hasbeenreplacedwith-€˜@’.Thecontentsofavariablepassedthiswaywillbe-
€œsplatted-€?bytheruntimeratherthanbeingpassedasasingleargument.
spline(n)~Acurvedline,madeupofsegmentsanddefinedbycontrolpoints.
splinedinterpolation(n)~Oneofthreemethodsusedtodescribehowananimation
transitionsbetweenvaluesoveritsduration.ThismethodusesaBeziercurvetodescribe
howtheanimationtransitionsbetweenkeyframes.TheBeziercurvestartsatzero,which
correspondstothecurrentkeyframevalue,andendsatone(thenextkeyframe’svalue).
Byalteringthecurve’stwocontrolpoints,youaltertheanimation’sprogresscurve.
split(v)~Todivideanaudioorvideoclipintotwoclips.
split(n)~Thetotalamountoftimeuptoagivenpointthattheusermarkswhileusingthe
stopwatch.Aftermarkingasplit,thestopwatchcontinuesrunninginthebackground.
splitaccesstoken(n)~Acombinationoffullaccesstokenandfilteredaccesstokenlinked
togetherbythelocalsecurityauthority(LSA)componentoftheoperatingsystem.
splitbar(n)~Adivisionbetweenwindowpanesinasplitwindow;thesplitbarvisually
separateswindowpanes.
splitbox(n)~Aspecialcontroladdedtoawindow,typicallyadjacenttothescrollbar,
thatallowsausertosplitawindoworadjustawindowsplit.
splitbrainsyndrome(n)~Astateinwhichoneormoreofthenodesinaclustercannot
communicatewiththeotherclusternodes.Inthiscase,theclustermaybesplitintotwoor
morepartitionsthatcannotcommunicatewitheachother.
splitbutton(n)~Adrop-downbuttonthatperformsadefaultactionandcanalsoexpand
toalistofotherpossibleactions.
splitdomain(n)~ASimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP)addressspaceordomain
suffixthatissharedbytwodifferentmessagingsystems.Forexample,youmayhaveto
sharetheSMTPaddressspacebetweenMicrosoftExchangeandathird-partye-mail
system,orbetweenExchangeenvironmentsthatareconfiguredindifferentActive
Directoryforests.Inthesescenarios,usersineache-mailsystemhavethesamedomain
suffixaspartoftheire-mailaddresses.
splitform(n)~Aforminwhichtwoviewsaredisplayedatthesametime.Theseare
synchedsothatasyourfocusmovesinoneviewitischangedautomaticallyintheother
view.
splitgesture(n)~Arevisiongesturethatisusedtoaddspacewithinaword(splitwords).
splitkeyboardmode(n)~Akeyboardlayoutinwhichtheonscreenkeyboardcanbesplit
intotwohalves,resultingintotwohalvesofthekeyboardtowardstheedgeofthescreen.
splitsourcedocument(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentspartialproductquantities
andmonetaryamountsfromonereferenceddocumentofthesameclass.
splitstacklayout(n)~AlayoutstyleinwhicheachendoftheToolStripisthebaseofa
stack,withsomeitemsstackedattheheadandotheritemsstackedatthetail.Itemsare
stackedfromtheendsin.
splittask(n)~Ataskthatisscheduledfornon-contiguousperiodsoftime.Forexample,a
two-daytaskthatdoesnotrequirecontiguousworkmightbesplitsothatthefirstdayof
workisscheduledforMonday,andtheseconddayisscheduledforThursday.
splittesting(n)~Amethodofmarketingtestingbywhichabaselinecontrolsampleis
comparedtoavarietyofsingle-variabletestsamplestoimproveresponserates.
splittime(n)~Thetimerecordedforanintervalorasegmentofarace.
splitview(n)~Aviewthatallowstheusertoseebothaformandadatasheetatthesame
time.
Splitview(n)~AviewthatallowstheusertoseebothCodeviewandDesignviewatthe
sametime.
splitter~Asimpledevicethattakesoneinputandsendsittoseveralidenticalports
withoutamplification.
splitterfunction(n)~Afunctionusedtosplitthespecifiedcolumnsintoasetof
additionalcolumnsusingthespecifiedsplitter.
splitting(n)~TheprocessofseparatingthecopyofthefileinsideBriefcasefromthecopy
outsideBriefcase.
SPM(PN)~Theentityintheoperatingsystemthatdecidesonandmanagesperformance
andpowersettingsforcertainuserscenarios.
SPN(n)~Thenamebywhichaclientuniquelyidentifiesaninstanceofaservice.Itis
usuallybuiltfromtheDNSnameofthehost.TheSPNisusedintheprocessofmutual
authenticationbetweentheclientandtheserverhostingaparticularservice.
spokenword(n)~Humanvoice.
sponsor(n)~Anindividualwhoinitiatesandapprovesaprojectanditsresults.
sponsoredsite(n)~Anothersitepromotedbythehostsite.
sponsorship(n)~Anadvertiser’sassociationwithaWebsitethatcaninvolvefinancialor
materialsupportinreturnforincreasedvisibilityperceivedadvantageoverrun-of-site
advertisingandatargetedaudience.
SponsorshipWizard(PN)~Awizardthatenablesuserstosetupmultiplerecordsfor
sponsorshipitems,suchasbooths,signs,orbanners,foraneventquicklyandeasily.
spoof(v)~Tomakeatransmissionappeartocomefromauserotherthantheuserwho
performedtheaction.
spoofedmail(n)~Ane-mailmessagewhosesendingaddresshasbeenmodifiedtoappear
asthoughitoriginatesfromasenderotherthantheactualsenderofthemessage.
spoofing~Aprocesswherebyarouterrespondstokeepalivemessagesfromahostrather
thanpassingthemontheremoteclient,thussavingcallcharges.Usedmainlyin-ISDN
spoofing~Ofane-mailmessageornetworkpacket,falselyclaimingtobefroman
addressdifferentfromthatfromwhichitactuallyoriginated.
spool/spooler~Temporarystorageofbatchdatauntilitisreadytobehandled(for
example,byaprocessororprinter).
spool/spooler~Spooler:Aprogramthathandlesprintjobsandplacestheminaqueue
fordistributionandprintingononeormoreprinters.
spooler(n)~Hardwareorsoftwarethatstoresdatatemporarilyforlaterprocessing.
spooling(n)~Aprocessonaserverinwhichprintdocumentsarestoredonadiskuntila
printerisreadytoprocessthem.Aspooleracceptseachdocumentfromeachclient,stores
it,thensendsittoaprinterwhentheprinterisready.
Sports(PN)~Anapplicationthatallowtheusertofollowsportsheadlines,teams,scores,
schedulesandstandings.
sports(PN)~Anappcategorythatprovidesnewsorotherinformationaboutorganized
sports.
Sports(PN)~Anappcategorythatprovidesnewsorotherinformationaboutorganized
sports.
Sports(PN)~Agamecategorythatsimulatesasportorrecreationalactivity.
Sports&activities(PN)~TheKids&familyappsubcategorycontainingappsforpeople
whoenjoysportsandrecreationalactivities.
sports+recreation(PN)~Agamecategorythatsimulatesasportorrecreationalactivity.
SportsScoreboard(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMakerthatmakesthetitle
slideinfromthetopandthenquicklydisappear.
spot(n)~Ashortpresentationorcommercialontelevisionorradiobetweenmajor
programs.
spotcolor(n)~Apremixedcolormatchedtoastandardcolorguide,suchasPANTONE.
SpotCorruptionHandling(PN)~Anerror-handlingfunctionofNTFSthatistargeted
onlytocorruptedareastoavoidlengthycheckdiskoperations.
SpotFixer(PN)~Aprocessthatrepairsanyerrorsthattheonlinescandetects.
spotlight(n)~Atypeoflightthatiscastlikearealspotlight.Thelightstartsfromthe
positionofthelightandspreadsoutintheshapeofacone.Partsofa3Dobjectoutsidethe
coneoflightcastwillnotbeaffectedbythespotlight.
spotmetering(n)~Inphotography,amethodofcalculatingexposurewherebyonlyatiny
pointofthesceneistakenintoaccount.
SpotVerifier(PN)~Aprocessthatverifiesandeliminateslengthychkdskduetoany
transienterrorsthatNTFSdetects.
spot-checkreport(n)~Areportgeneratedforapublishedappafteraspotcheckhasbeen
done.
Spotlight(n)~Ahomepagepanewithlinkstoonlineservices,program-specificfeatures,
helptopics,orotherinformation.
spotlight(PN)~Ascreeninthestorethathighlightsnewandupdatedgames,apps,and
music.
spotlight(n)~AcategoryofproductsgivenspecialprominenceintheStoreviaeditorial
programming.
Spotlight(PN)~ThefilterthatshowsvideosorchannelsthatarecuratedbytheOffice
365Videoadministratororchanneladministratorandhighlightedintheportalorchannel
homesothatalluserscanseethem.
SpotlightSite(n)~AlistingordocumentselectedasthebestrecommendationintheSite
Directory.
SPPNotificationService(PN)~AWindowsservicethatprovidessoftwarelicensing
activationandnotification.
spread(n)~Asmalloverlapthatextendstheshapeoftheupperoftwodifferentlycolored,
abuttingobjects.Aspreadextendsbeyondtheareathatitknocksout.
spreadbyratio(v)~Tospreadanon-leaf-levelvaluetoallleaf-levelmemberswhile
maintainingtheratiobetweenthenon-leaf-levelandleaf-levelmembers.
spreadevenly(v)~Toenteranon-leaf-levelvalueandspreaditevenlyoverallleaf-level
cells.
spreading(n)~Theprocessofenteringdataatanon-leaflevelanddistributingthedata
automaticallytotheleaflevelwhilemaintainingdataconsistencywithinthemodel.
spreadsheet(n)~Anapplicationcommonlyusedforbudgets,forecasting,andother
finance-relatedtasksthatorganizesdatavaluesusingcells,wheretherelationships
betweencellsaredefinedbyformulas.Achangetoonecellproduceschangestorelated
cells.Spreadsheetprogramsusuallyprovidegraphingcapabilitiesforoutputandavariety
offormattingoptionsfortext,numericvalues,andgraphfeatures.
Spreadsheet~A-program-usedfordoingcalculationsandsettingupfinancialbalance
sheets,indispensableforaccountantsandmanagers.ThebestknownisMicrosoftExcel.
SpreadsheetCompare(PN)~AMicrosoftOfficeproductthatdetectsandcategorizes
changesbetweentwospreadsheetstofacilitatereviewandapprovalprocesses.
SpreadsheetComponent(n)~AMicrosoftOfficeWebComponentthatprovidesthe
interactivefunctionalityofaspreadsheetonaWebpage.Youcanenterdata,addformulas
andfunctions,applyfilters,changeformatting,andrecalculate.
SpreadsheetInquire(PN)~AMicrosoftOfficeproductthatprovidesinteractive
diagnosticstoidentifyerrors,deviationsfromspreadsheetbestpracticesandinsightsinto
dataflowinandoutofthespreadsheet.
SpreadsheetManagement(PN)~AsetoffeaturesintheOffice365Compliancecenter
thatprovidescustomerswiththeabilitytounderstandandcontroltheuseoftheir
spreadsheets.
spreadsheetprogram(n)~Anapplicationcommonlyusedforbudgets,forecasting,and
otherfinance-relatedtasksthatorganizesdatavaluesusingcells,wheretherelationships
betweencellsaredefinedbyformulas.Achangetoonecellproduceschangestorelated
cells.Spreadsheetprogramsusuallyprovidegraphingcapabilitiesforoutputandavariety
offormattingoptionsfortext,numericvalues,andgraphfeatures.
spreadsheetreportview(n)~Areportviewthatprovidesinteractivefunctionalityfora
spreadsheetonaWebpage.
sprint(n)~IntheScrummethodofagilesoftwaredevelopment,workisconfinedtoa
regular,repeatableworkcycle,knownasasprintoriteration.Inby-the-bookScrum,a
sprintis30dayslong,butmanyteamsprefershortersprints,suchasone-week,two-week,
orthree-weeksprints.Buthowlongeachsprintlastsissomethingfortheteamtodecide,
whomustweightheadvantagesordisadvantagesofalongerorshortersprintfortheir
specificdevelopmentenvironment.Theimportantthingisthatasprintisaconsistent
duration.
SPRJfile(n)~AnXML-basedfileinwhichtheSequencerstoresitsExclusionItemsand
ParseItemsinformation.TheSPRJfileisusedheavilyinthecreationofapplication
recordsaswellasduringanupgradetoapackage.
SPX(n)~Thetransportlevel(ISO/OSIlevel4)protocolusedbyNovellNetWare.SPX
usesIPXtotransferthepackets,butSPXensuresthatmessagesarecomplete.
SpyNet(n)~AvoluntaryworldwidecommunityofWindowsAntiSpywareusersthat
playsakeyroleindeterminingwhichsuspiciousprogramsareclassifiedasspywareby
reportingpotentialspywaretoMicrosoft.AnyusercanchoosetojoinSpyNet.Signatures
arecreatedforprogramsthatareidentifiedasspywareandmadeavailabletoallusers.
SpyNetCommunityRating(n)~InformationprovidedbytheSpyNetcommunitywhich
showsthepercentageofuserswhoallowedorblockedaparticularprogram.This
informationisavailableevenbeforetheyconfirmwhetherornotaprogramisspyware.
spyware(n)~Aprogramthatcollectsinformation,suchasthewebsitesauservisits,
withoutadequateconsent.Installationmaybewithoutprominentnoticeorwithoutthe
user’sknowledge.
Spyware~Programs,typicallyinstalledbystealth,whichrecordwhatyoudoonyourPC
andsendreportstocriminals,allowingthemtostealyourbankdetails,passwordsandso
on.Seealso-Malware.
SQL(n)~Adatabasequeryandprogramminglanguagewidelyusedforaccessing,
querying,updating,andmanagingdatainrelationaldatabasesystems.
SQLadapter(n)~AnadapterthatexchangesinformationbetweenBizTalkServeranda
SQLServerdatabase.
SQLAgentservice(n)~TheSQLServeragent(SQLAgent$MICROSOFT$DPM$)that
managestheDPMjobsschedule.
SQLAzurefabric(n)~Adistributedcomputingsystemcomposedoftightlyintegrated
networks,servers,andstorage.TheSQLAzurefabricenablesautomaticfailover,load
balancing,andautomaticreplicationbetweenphysicalservers.
SQLAzureReader(PN)~TheAzureMLmoduletoimportdatafromAzureSQLintoan
experimentfromdatamanagementservicesoutsideAzureMachineLearningStudio.
SQLDataSync(PN)~ThecapabilityorfeatureofSQLDatabasethatsharesdataacross
multipleSQLDatabaseinstancesandSQLServerdatabases.
SQLDataSyncPreview(PN)~AninitialversionofSQLDataSync.
SQLDataWarehouse(PN)~AservicetypeoftheDataServicesservice.
SQLdatabase(n)~AdatabasebasedonStructuredQueryLanguage(SQL).
SQLDatabase(PN)~TheMicrosoft-hosteddatabaseandwebservicesthatenable
relationalqueries,search,anddatasynchronizationwithmobileusers,remoteoffices,and
businesspartners,whichcanstoreandretrievestructured,semi-structured,and
unstructureddata.
SQLDatabaseinstance(n)~AnindividualdatabaseinstanceoftheSQLDatabase
serviceinMicrosoftAzure.
SQLDatabasePremium(PN)~TheeditionofMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabasethatoffers
accesstobuilt-inbusiness-classfunctionalityandreservedcapacity.
SQLDatabaseWebEdition(PN)~TheeditionofMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabasethat
offersrelationaldatabasesrun(upto5GB)onsharedresources,withbuilt-inreplicas
withinadatacenter,anddynamicscale-outofthousandsofdistributeddatabases.
SQLdependency(n)~Thedependencythatmakesoneobjectreliantonanotherobject.
SQLexpression(n)~Anycombinationofoperators,constants,literalvalues,functions,
andnamesoftablesandfieldsthatevaluatestoasinglevalue.
SQLinjectionattack(n)~Anattackthatattemptstocompromiseyourdatabase(and
potentiallythecomputeronwhichthedatabaseisrunning)bycreatingSQLcommands
thatareexecutedinsteadof,orinadditionto,thecommandsthatyouhavebuiltintoyour
application.
SQLNativeClient(n)~Astand-alonedataaccessAPIthatisusedforbothOLEDBand
ODBC.
SQLpersistenceprovider(n)~Apersistenceproviderthatisincludedinthe.NET
FrameworkthatsavesandrestoresworkflowinstancestoandfromaSQLServer
database.
sqlquery(n)~AnSQLstatement,suchasSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,or
CREATETABLE.
SQLReporting(PN)~Thecloud-basedreportingservicefortheMicrosoftAzure
PlatformbuiltonSQLServerReportingServicestechnologies.
SQLReportinghour(n)~AunitofmeasureoftimeforMicrosoftAzureSQLReporting.
SQLServer(n)~AfamilyofMicrosoftrelationaldatabasemanagementandanalysis
systemsfore-commerce,line-of-business,anddatawarehousingsolutions.
SQLServer2005ExpressEdition(n)~AneditionofaMicrosoftrelationaldatabase
designandmanagementsystemfore-commerce,line-of-business,anddatawarehousing
solutions.
SQLServer2005MobileEdition(n)~SQLServerproductname(edition)
SQLServerAgent(PN)~AMicrosoftWindowsservicethatexecutesscheduled
administrativetasks,whicharecalledjobs,andstorestheinformationinSQLServer.
SQLServerAnalysisServices(n)~AfeatureofMicrosoftSQLServerthatsupports
onlineanalyticalprocessing(OLAP)anddataminingforbusinessintelligence
applications.AnalysisServicesorganizesdatafromadatawarehouseintocubeswith
precalculatedaggregationdatatoproviderapidanswerstocomplexanalyticalqueries.
SQLServerAnalysisServicescube(n)~(AnalysisServicescubeforshort.)A
conceptualview,consistingofdescriptivecategories(dimensions)andquantitativevalues
(measures).ThegenericindustrytermisOLAPdatacube.”
SQLServerBrowser(PN)~TheWindowsservicethatlistensforincomingrequestsfor
MicrosoftSQLServerresourcesandprovidesinformationaboutSQLServerinstances
installedonthecomputer.
SQLServerClientTools(PN)~SQLServerclienttoolsareusedtoestablishconnection
directlytoSQLServerdatabases.
SQLServerCompact(PN)~AMicrosoftrelationaldatabasemanagementandanalysis
systemfore-commerce,line-of-business,anddatawarehousingsolutions.
SQLServercomponent(n)~ASQLServerprogrammoduledevelopedtoperforma
specificsetoftasks-e.g.,datatransformation,dataanalysis,reporting.
SQLServercomputer(n)~AcomputerrunningMicrosoftSQLServerwithaconfigured
database.
SQLServerConfigurationManager(PN)~Atooltomanagetheservicesassociated
withSQLServer,toconfigurethenetworkprotocolsusedbySQLServer,andtomanage
thenetworkconnectivityconfigurationfromSQLServerclientcomputers.
SQLServerConnectionDirector(PN)~Aconnectivitytechnologywhereapplications
basedondifferentdataaccesstechnologies(.NETornativeWin32)cansharethesame
connectioninformation.Connectioninformationcanbecentrallymanagedforsuchclient
applications.
SQLServerDataMiningContentViewer(PN)~Aviewerthatdisplaysthecontentthat
iscontainedinthecontentschemarowsetoftheminingmodel.
SQLServerDataMiningContentViewerControls(PN)~Asetofserver-sidecontrols
thatallowausertobrowsecomplexminingmodelsfromanycomputerthathasMicrosoft
InternetExplorerinstalled.
SQLServerDataQualityServices(PN)~Aknowledge-baseddata-qualitysystemthat
enablesuserstoperformknowledgediscoveryandmanagement,datacleansing,data
matching,integrationwithreferencedataservices,andintegratedprofiling.
SQLServerDataTools(PN)~Asetoftoolsthatprovidefunctionalitiesforbothdata-tier
andapp-tierdeveloperstoperformalltheirdevelopmentworkagainstanySQLServer
platformwithinVisualStudio.
SQLServerdata-tierapplicationproject(n)~AVisualStudioprojectusedbydatabase
developerstocreateanddevelopaDAC.DACprojectsgetfullsupportfromVisual
StudioandVSTSsourcecodecontrol,versioning,anddevelopmentprojectmanagement.
SQLServerEnterprise(PN)~TheSQLServereditionformissioncriticalapplications,
enterprisebusinessintelligenceanddatawarehousing.
SQLServerExpress2012SP1(PN)~SQLServer2012ExpresswithSP1isafree,
feature-richeditionofSQLServerthatisidealforlearning,developing,powering
desktop,web&smallserverapplications,andforredistributionbyISVs.SQLServer
2012SP1ExpressreleaseincludesthefullversionofSQLServer2012Management
StudiowithSP1insteadofSQLServer2012ManagementStudioExpress.
SQLServerinstanceauto-protection(n)~AtypeofprotectionthatenablesDPMto
automaticallyidentifyandprotectdatabasesthatareaddedtoinstancesofSQLServerthat
areconfiguredforauto-protection.
SQLServerIntegrationServices(PN)~AfeatureofMicrosoftSQLServerusedto
import,export,andtransformdatafromdifferentdatasources.
SQLServerlogin(n)~AnaccountstoredinSQLServerthatallowsuserstoconnectto
SQLServer.
SQLServerManagementObjects(PN)~Anapplicationprogramminginterfacethat
supportstheincorporationofSQLServeradministrationintoanyCOMorOLE
Automationapplication.
SQLServerManagementStudio(PN)~Asuiteofmanagementtoolsincludedwith
MicrosoftSQLServerforconfiguring,managing,andadministeringallcomponents
withinMicrosoftSQLServer.
SQLServerMasterDataServices(PN)~Amasterdatamanagementapplicationto
consistentlydefineandmanagethecriticaldataentitiesofanorganization.
SQLServerNativeClient(PN)~Astand-alonedataaccessAPIthatisusedforboth
OLEDBandODBC.
SQLServerobject(n)~AnentitywithinSQLServer.
SQLServerObjectExplorer(PN)~ThesectionoftheVisualStudiointegrated
developmentenvironment(IDE)thatcontainsnodesthatrepresentdatabaseobjects.
SQLServerPDW(n)~Ascalabledatawarehouseappliancethatdeliversperformance
andscalabilitythroughmassivelyparallelprocessing(uptohundredsofterabytes),using
SQLServerdatabasesfordistributedprocessinganddatastorage.
SQLServerPowerPivotforExcel(PN)~ASQLServeradd-inforExcel.
SQLServerprofile(n)~AVirtualMachineManagerlibraryresourcethatcontains
instructionsforcustomizinganinstanceofMicrosoftSQLServerforaSQLServerdata-
tierapplication(DAC)whenyoudeployavirtualmachineaspartofaservice.
SQLServerProfiler(n)~Agraphicaluserinterfaceformonitoringaninstanceofthe
SQLServerdatabaseengineoraninstanceofAnalysisServices.
SQLServerreportview(n)~AreportviewintheformofaSQLServerreport,which
usestheanalysisfeaturesofSQLServer2000ReportingServices.
SQLServerReportingServices(PN)~Aserver-basedreportgenerationenvironmentfor
enterprise,Web-enabledreportingfunctionalitysoyoucancreatereportsthatdrawcontent
fromavarietyofdatasources,publishreportsinvariousformats,andcentrallymanage
securityandsubscriptions.
SQLServerservice(n)~TheSQLServerservicethatmanagestheDPMdatabase.
SQLServerServiceBroker(PN)~Atechnologythathelpsdevelopersbuildscalable,
securedatabaseapplications.
SQLServerStandard(PN)~TheSQLServereditionforbasicdatabase,reportingand
analyticscapabilities.
SQLServerStoreforOfficeApplications(PN)~ASQLServerfeaturethatenables
storageofdatafromanOfficeapplicationonaSQLserver.
SQLServerTrace(n)~AsetTransact-SQLsystemstoredprocedurestocreatetraceson
aninstanceoftheSQLServerDatabaseEngine.
SQLServerUtility(PN)~AwaytoorganizeandmonitorSQLServerresourcehealth.It
enablesadministratorstohaveaholisticviewoftheirenvironment.
SQLServerUtilitydashboard(n)~Adashboardthatprovidesanat-a-glancesummary
ofresourcehealthformanagedSQLServerinstancesanddata-tierapplications.Canalso
bereferredtoastheSQLServerUtilitydetailvieworthelistviewwithdetails.
SQLServerUtilityExplorer(n)~AhierarchicaltreedisplayingtheobjectsintheSQL
ServerUtility.
SQLServerUtilityviewpoints(n)~AfeatureofSQLServerUtilitythatprovides
administratorsaholisticviewofresourcehealththroughaninstanceofSQLServerthat
servesasautilitycontrolpoint(UCP).
SQLServerWeb(PN)~TheeditionofMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabasethatoffers
relationaldatabasesrun(upto5GB)onsharedresources,withbuilt-inreplicaswithina
datacenter,anddynamicscale-outofthousandsofdistributeddatabases.
SQLstatement(n)~AnSQLorTransact-SQLcommand,suchasSELECTorDELETE,
thatperformssomeactionondata.
SQLTrace(n)~AsetTransact-SQLsystemstoredprocedurestocreatetracesonan
instanceoftheSQLServerDatabaseEngine.
SQLview(n)~AwindowthatdisplaystheSQLstatementforthecurrentqueryorthatis
usedtocreateanSQL-specificquery(union,pass-through,ordatadefinition).Whenyou
createaqueryinDesignview,AccessconstructstheSQLequivalentinSQLview.
SQLwriter(n)~AVSScompliantwriterprovidedbytheSQLServerthathandlesthe
VSSinteractionwithSQLServer.
SQLWriterService(PN)~AservicethatpermitsWindowsbackupprogramstocopy
SQLServerdatafilesthroughtheVolumeShadowCopyServiceframework,whileSQL
Serverisrunning.
sql_variant(n)~Adatatypethatstoresvaluesofseveraldatatypes,exceptfortext,ntext,
image,timestamp,andsql_varianttypes.Itisusedinacolumn,parameter,variable,or
returnvalueofauser-definedfunction.
SQL-92(PN)~TheversionoftheSQLstandardpublishedin1992.
SQL-specificquery(n)~AquerythatconsistsofanSQLstatement.Subqueriesandpass-
through,union,anddata-definitionqueriesareSQL-specificqueries.
SQM(n)~Technologyausercanenablethatallowsdatarelatingtoapplication
use/performance/errorstobecollectedandsenttoMicrosoft,thusallowingMicrosoftto
continuetoimprovetheproductbasedonactualuserdata.
SQMDataCollection(PN)~Asystemjobthatcollectsqualityandperformance
informationandsendsittoMicrosoftforanalysis.
squarecap(n)~Forpathsthatcontainunconnectedends,theendofthestrokethatis
extendedtobesquaredoff.
squaretile(n)~Asquaretileof150x150pixelsontheStartscreen.
SR(n)~Arequestfromacustomerforaservice.
SRnumber(n)~Anumericidentifierforaservicerequest.
SRAM(n)~Aformofsemiconductormemory(RAM)basedonthelogiccircuitknown
asaflip-flop,whichretainsinformationaslongasthereisenoughpowertorunthe
device.StaticRAMisusuallyreservedforuseincaches.
sRGB(n)~Astandardcolorspacethatenablesvariousdevicesincludingcameras,
scanners,displays,andprinterstoproducereasonablyidenticalcolors.scRGBis
optimizedforgreaterthan8bitsperchannelwithagammaof1.0,andwhitepointand
primariesidenticaltosRGB.ThescRGBcolorspaceisbasedonsRGBbutoffersalarger
colorgamutandprecisionbyencodingvaluesover1.0(white)andunder0.0(black)with
morebitsperchannel.
SR-IOV(n)~FunctionalitythatenablesSR-IOV-€“capabledevices,e.g.network
adapters,tobeassigneddirectlytovirtualmachines.
SRP(n)~Alogicalunitconsistingofsharedserviesandsharedresources.Afarmcould
havemultipleSRPs.
SRVrecord(n)~AcategoryofdataintheInternetDomainNameSystemthatspecifies
informationonavailableservices.TheSRVrecordisusedtolocatedomaincontrollersfor
ActiveDirectory.
SRVresourcerecord(n)~Aresourcerecordusedinazonetoregisterandlocatewell-
knownTCP/IPservices.TheSRVresourcerecordisspecifiedinRFC2782,anditisused
tolocatedomaincontrollersforActiveDirectory.
SSAS(oth)~AfeatureofMicrosoftSQLServerthatsupportsonlineanalyticalprocessing
(OLAP)anddataminingforbusinessintelligenceapplications.AnalysisServices
organizesdatafromadatawarehouseintocubeswithprecalculatedaggregationdatato
providerapidanswerstocomplexanalyticalqueries.
SSCC(n)~Astandardized18-digitlabelthatuniquelyidentifieseachunittobe
transportedorstored.
SSD(n)~Aprimarystoragedevicebasedonsolid-statememory,suchasflashmemory,
thatprovidesnonvolatilestoragewithbenefitsofperformance,reliabilityandpower
saving.
SSD~(SolidStateDrive)-Atechnologythatreplacestheconventionalharddisk,
particularlyinlaptops,withadevicethatbehavesexactlylikeaharddiskbutuses
memoryinsteadofmagneticstorage.Itisverymuchfasterthaneventhefastestharddisks
andisnowstandardonhigh-endlaptopsandnotebooks,andoftenretrofittedintoPCsas
well.
SSDBasedInstance(n)~Oneormorevolumesprovidingtemporaryblock-levelstorage
usingsolid-statememorystoragedevices.
SSDL(n)~AnXML-basedlanguagethatisusedtodefinetheentitytypes,associations,
entitycontainers,entitysets,andassociationsetsofastoragemodel,oftencorresponding
toadatabaseschema.
SSDT(PN)~Asetoftoolsthatprovidefunctionalitiesforbothdata-tierandapp-tier
developerstoperformalltheirdevelopmentworkagainstanySQLServerplatformwithin
VisualStudio.
SSI(n)~AmechanismforincludingdynamictextinWorldWideWebdocuments.Server-
sideincludesarespecialcommandcodesthatarerecognizedandinterpretedbytheserver;
theiroutputisplacedinthedocumentbodybeforethedocumentissenttothebrowser.
Server-sideincludescanbeused,forexample,toincludetheDateandTimestampinthe
textofthefile.
SSID(n)~Auniquesetoflettersornumbersthatidentifiesawirelessnetwork.Fora
computerordevicetoconnecttoawirelessnetwork,itmustsupplythatnetwork’sSSID.
AnSSIDcanbeupto32characters.
SSIS(PN)~AfeatureofMicrosoftSQLServerusedtoimport,export,andtransformdata
fromdifferentdatasources.
SSL(PN)~Theprotocolthatimprovesthesecurityofdatacommunicationbyusinga
combinationofdataencryption,digitalcertificates,andpublickeycryptography.SSL
enablesauthenticationandincreasesdataintegrityandprivacyovernetworks.SSLdoes
notprovideauthorizationornonrepudiation.
SSL128(n)~AnencryptionlevelusedforSSL.Thenumberreferstothelengthofthe
key,sothehigherthenumber,themoredifficulttheencryptionistobreak.
SSLcertificate(n)~AcertificateusedtoprovideSSL.Itencryptstrafficandverifiesthe
identityoftheserver.
SSLclientcertificate(n)~Acertificatethatcontainsinformationthatidentifiestheuser,
aswellasinformationabouttheorganizationthatissuedthecertificate.
SSLclientcertificatemappingauthentication(n)~Amethodofauthenticationwhere
certificatesareusedontheclientandamappingismadeontheserver(orpossiblyonthe
Activedirectorydomaincontroller)todeterminewhichclientcertificatesshouldbe
allowedaccesstothesite.
SSLconnection(n)~AconnectionestablishedoverasecureHTTPSchannel.
SSN(n)~IntheUnitedStates,aTaxpayerIdentificationNumberassignedtocitizensand
somenoncitizens.Thenumberisrequiredforanyonetoobtainworkortoreceive
governmentalbenefits,suchassocialsecuritypaymentsafterretirement.
SSO(n)~Anauthenticationprocessthatpermitsausertologontoasystemoncewitha
singlesetofcredentialstoaccessmultipleapplicationsorservices.
SSOD(n)~AdaemononaWindows-basedcomputerthatreceivesanencryptedpassword
anddecryptsitbeforerequestingapasswordchangeontheUNIXhost.
SSP(n)~Adynamic-linklibrary(DLL)thatimplementstheSecuritySupportProvider
Interface(SSPI)bymakingoneormoresecuritypackagesavailabletoapplications.Each
securitypackageprovidesmappingsbetweenanapplication’SSPIfunctioncallsandan
actualsecuritymodel’functions.Securitypackagessupportsecurityprotocolssuchas
KerberosandNTLM.
SSP(n)~Alogicalgroupingofsharedservicesandtheirsupportingresources.
SSPI(n)~Acommoninterfacebetweentransport-levelapplications,suchasMicrosoft
RemoteProcedureCall(RPC),andsecuritysupportproviders(SSPs),suchasWindows
DistributedSecurity.SSPIallowsatransportapplicationtocalloneoftheSSPstoobtain
anauthenticatedconnection.Thesecallsdonotrequireextensiveknowledgeofthe
securityprotocol’sdetails.
STA(n)~Anapartmentthatconsistsofexactlyonethread.
stabilization(n)~Atechniquethatincreasessharpnessandfidelitybycompensatingfor
someeffectsthatcameramovementhasonimagesinvideos.
stack(n)~Aregionofreservedmemory,organizedasastack,inwhichprograms
temporarilystorestatusdatasuchasprocedureandfunctioncallreturnaddresses,passed
parameters,andlocalvariables.
stack(n)~Acollectionofrelatedfilesdepictedvisuallyasapile.Stacksareorganizedby
commonfilepropertiessuchasauthororkeyword.
stack(v)~Topositiontwoormoreobjectssothattheyhaveaspecificamountofspace
between,eitherverticallyorhorizontally.
stack(n)~Afeaturethatletsyoupositiontwoormoreobjectssothatthereisaspecific
amountofspacebetweenthemverticallyorhorizontally.
stack(v)~TogroupverysimilarphotostogetherinthePhotosapp,-andshowonly-one
(thebestshot)inthelistviewofyourphotos.
stack(n)~AgroupofverysimilarphotosthathavebeengroupedtogetherbythePhotos
app.Theapp-showsonlythebest-photoofthestack-inthelistview.
Stack(PN)~TheSwaygroupcardthatshowsindividualpiecesofcontentsequentially,as
askeuomorphicstack.
stackframe(n)~Theactivationrecordforanassemblylanguageroutine,establishedby
itsprolog.
stacklayout(n)~Alayoutstyleinwhichadjacentitemsalignagainsteachotheras
thoughtheywerestacked,alwaystakingupthefreespaceinbetweentheitems.
stackorder(n)~Theorderinwhichobjectsareplacedinalayer.Anobjecthigherinthe
stackwillcoverup(appearontopof)onelowerinthestack.
stackpanel(n)~Alayoutcontainerthatarrangesitschildelementsinasingleverticalor
horizontalrow.
stackrank(n)~Anorderingofitemsforprioritization.
stacksegment(n)~Aportionofareservedmemoryarea,orstack.
StackSelectorWebPart(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstoshowmorethanoneview
inasinglelocationonadashboard,andprovidesacontroltoswitchbetweenthem.
stacktrace(n)~Areportthatliststhesequenceorheirarchyofnestedprocedurecalls
madebyaprogramuptothecurrentprocedurecall.
stacked(adj)~Pertainingtoatypeoflayoutconsistingofacollectionof-€œRow-Wise
Groupings-€?.Astackedlayoutmostresemblesaformwithname/valuepairs(label,
textbox).
stackedbarchart(n)~Abarchartsubtypethatshowstherelationshipofindividualitems
tothewhole.
stackedcolumnchart(n)~Acolumnchartsubtypethatshowstherelationshipof
individualitemstothewhole,comparingthecontributionofeachvaluetoatotalacross
categories.
stackedfraction(n)~Afractionthatiswrittenverticallywiththenumeratoronthetop
andthedenominatorbelow,withahorizontalfractionbarbetweenthem.
StackedList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupsofinformationor
stepsinatask,process,orworkflow.CircularshapescontainLevel1text,andthe
correspondingrectanglescontainLevel2text.Workswellfornumerousdetailsand
minimalLevel1text.
StackedVenn(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowoverlappingrelationships.
Agoodchoiceforemphasizinggrowthorgradation.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
ThefirstsevenlinesofLevel1textcorrespondtoacircularshape.Unusedtextdoesnot
appear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
stackingorder(n)~Theorderinwhichshapesoverlapothershapesonthepageandthe
orderinwhichshapesareselected.
Staffpicks(PN)~Thecollectiontitleforitemsrecommendedbyaspecificreal-lifestaff
memberwhoisidentifiedonthesite.
stage(n)~Anelementofworkflowlogicthatgroupssteps.Addingstagestoaworkflow
doesnotaffecthowthestepsfunction.Stagesarepurelyforconceptualgroupingofsteps
withincomplexworkflows.
stagebin(n)~Thelocationwhereitemsareplacedforinternaloperations.
stageview(n)~Ahigh-levelviewinVisualDesignerthatshowsthestagesofa
SharePointworkflow,ratherthanindividualactionsorconditions.
stageddata(n)~DataimportedintostagingtablesduringthestagingprocessinSQL
ServerMasterDataServices.
stageddeletion(n)~Atypeofdeletionthatoccursafterprocessingtherelevantruleofa
deletionpolicytoautomaticallydeleteitemsinasitecollectionwithinaspecifiedtime
period.
stagededition(n)~Aneditionthatispresentonthesystem,butnotinstalled.Allthe
files/componentsthatareapartoftheeditionarepresent,butcannotbeusedyet.The
editioncanlaterbeinstalled,essentiallyupgradingfromsomethinglikeHomePremiumto
Ultimate.StagededitionsareusedaspartoftheWindowsAnytimeUpgradefeatureand
AllBitsfeature.
stagedmigration(n)~Atypeofe-mailmigrationthatmigratesasubsetofon-premises
mailboxestothecloud.Thistypeofmigrationallowstheadmintomaintaincoexistence
betweentheiron-premisesandcloud-basede-mailorganizations.
stagedread-onlydomaincontrollerinstallation(n)~Aprocessinwhicharead-only
domaincontroller(RODC)isinstalledintwostages.Inthefirststage,ahighlyprivileged
user,suchasamemberoftheDomainAdminsgroup,createsanaccountfortheRODC.
Inthesecondstage,adelegateduserattachestheserverthatwillbetheRODCtothe
accountthatwascreatedforit.
stagedRODCinstallation(n)~Aprocessinwhicharead-onlydomaincontroller
(RODC)isinstalledintwostages.Inthefirststage,ahighlyprivilegeduser,suchasa
memberoftheDomainAdminsgroup,createsanaccountfortheRODC.Inthesecond
stage,adelegateduserattachestheserverthatwillbetheRODCtotheaccountthatwas
createdforit.
StaggeredProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowadownward
progressionthroughstages.EachofthefirstfivelinesofLevel1textcorrespondswitha
rectangle.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
staging(n)~Theprocessofrunningamanagementagentthatimportsdatafroma
connecteddatasourceintotheconnectorspace,andthenimmediatelystoppingtherun.
staging(n)~TheprocessusedinSQLServerMasterDataServicestoimportdatainto
stagingtablesandthenprocessthestageddataasabatchpriortoimportingitintothe
masterdatabase.-
stagingdatabase(n)~AdatabasethatisusedtotransitiondataintothePerformancePoint
Serversystemfromanexternaldatasource,ortotransitiondatafromthe
PerformancePointServersystemtoanexternaldatabase.
stagingenvironment(n)~AdeploymentareainaMicrosoftAzurecloudservicethat
mirrorstheproductionenvironmentandallowstheservicetobetestedbeforedeployingit
toproduction.
stagingfolder(n)~Aprivatefolderthatactsasacachefornewandchangedfilesthatare
readytobereplicatedfromsendingmemberstoreceivingmembers.Thesefilesarestored
underthelocalpathofthereplicatedfolderintheDfsrPrivate\Stagingfolder.
stagingprocess(n)~TheprocessusedinSQLServerMasterDataServicestoimportdata
intostagingtablesandthenprocessthestageddataasabatchpriortoimportingitintothe
masterdatabase.-
stagingqueue(n)~ThebatchtableinSQLServerMasterDataServiceswherestaged
recordsarequeuedasbatchestobeprocessedintotheMasterDataServicesdatabase.
stagingtable(n)~AtableinSQLServerMasterDataServicesthatispopulatedwith
businessdataduringthestagingprocess.
stagingWebsite(n)~AWebsitethatismaintainedonaprivatefileorWebserver.
stakeholder(n)~Anindividualororganizationthatisactivelyinvolvedinaproject,or
whoseinterestsmaybepositivelyornegativelyaffectedasaresultofprojectexecutionor
projectcompletion.
stalemate(n)~Inchess,apositioninwhichthekingistheonlypiecethatcanmoveand
theonlypossiblemoveisintocheck.
Stamptool(n)~Anannotationtoolusedtoaddanarrow,checkmark,orXtoaslide.
Stamptool(n)~Atoolthatallowstheusertoaddmultiplecopiesofashapetoadrawing.
standalone(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orbeingadevicethatdoesnotrequiresupportfrom
anotherdeviceorsystem,forexample,acomputerthatisnotconnectedtoanetwork.
Standalone~Acomputernotconnectedtoanykindofnetwork.
stand-alone(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orbeingadevicethatdoesnotrequiresupportfrom
anotherdeviceorsystem,forexample,acomputerthatisnotconnectedtoanetwork.
stand-aloneCA(n)~Acertificationauthority(CA)thatisnotintegratedwithActive
Directory.
stand-alonecertificationauthority(n)~Acertificationauthority(CA)thatisnot
integratedwithActiveDirectory.
stand-aloneDFSnamespace(n)~AtypeofDistributedFileSystem(DFS)namespace
wherethenamespaceinformationisstoredlocallyontheserverorfailovercluster.
stand-alonedrivelibrary(n)~Asingle-drive,non-automatedunit,suchasatapedriveor
CD-ROMdrive,thatholdsasingletapeordisc.Withthistypeoflibrary,theuser
manuallyinsertsatapeordiscintothedrives.
stand-alonenamespace(n)~AtypeofDistributedFileSystem(DFS)namespacewhere
thenamespaceinformationisstoredlocallyontheserverorfailovercluster.
stand-aloneroot(n)~ADFSnamespace,theconfigurationinformationforwhichis
storedlocallyonthehostserver.Thepathtoaccesstherootoralinkstartswiththehost
servername.Astand-aloneroothasonlyoneroottarget.Thereisnoroot-levelfault
tolerance.Therefore,whentheroottargetisunavailable,theentireDFSnamespaceis
inaccessible.
standaloneserver(n)~AcomputerthatrunsWindowsServerbutdoesnotparticipateina
domain.Astandaloneserverhasonlyitsowndatabaseofendusers,anditprocesseslogon
requestsbyitself.Itdoesnotshareaccountinformationwithanyothercomputerand
cannotprovideaccesstodomainaccounts.
stand-alonesite(n)~AConfigurationManagerprimarysitewithnoparentsitesandno
childsites.
standalonesnap-in(n)~Asnap-inthatcanbyitselfcompriseasnap-inconsole.
StandaloneSystemSweeper(PN)~Anofflinesystemcleanertooldesignedtorunina
restrictedoperatingsystemenvironmenttodetectmaliciousorunwantedsoftware.
stand-alonetapedrive(n)~Asingle-drive,non-automatedtapedrivethatholdsasingle
tape.
standard(n)~Adejuretechnicalguidelineadvocatedbyarecognizednoncommercialor
governmentorganizationthatisusedtoestablishuniformityinanareaofhardwareor
softwaredevelopment.Thestandardistheresultofaformalprocess,basedon
specificationsdraftedbyacooperativegrouporcommitteeafteranintensivestudyof
existingmethods,approaches,andtechnologicaltrendsanddevelopments.Theproposed
standardislaterratifiedorapprovedbyarecognizedorganizationandadoptedovertime
byconsensusasproductsbasedonthestandardbecomeincreasinglyprevalentinthe
market.
standard(n)~Adefactotechnicalguidelineforhardwareorsoftwaredevelopmentthat
occurswhenaproductorphilosophyisdevelopedbyasinglecompanyand,through
successandimitation,becomessowidelyusedthatdeviationfromthenormcauses
compatibilityproblemsorlimitsmarketability.
Standard(adj)~AnAzureWebsitehostingtier,usedforpricingcalculation.
Standard(1GB)(PN)~TheunitofmeasureforoneGBofcacheconsumedduringuseof
theStandardeditionofMicrosoftAzureCache.
standardaccount(n)~Atypeofuseraccountthatallowsuserstoinstallsoftwareand
changesystemsettingsthatdonotaffectotherusersorthesecurityofthecomputer.This
accounttypeisrecommendedfordailyuse.
standardactivity(n)~Thesetofactivitiesthatisincludedwiththestandardinstallation
ofOrchestrator.
standardapplication(n)~AnapplicationonaSurfaceunitthatappearsinLauncher.
Standardapplicationscontrasttoattractapplications(althoughanapplicationcanbeboth
anattractapplicationandastandardapplication).Microsoftproducesseveralstandard
applicationsforSurface,includingConcierge,Music,andPhotos.
StandardApps(n)~Aresourceofthe‘ApplicationInsights’servicetypeofthe‘Visual
Studio’servicetoimplementbasicortypicalappslikeOffice365,Exchange,Lync,
Sharepoint,DynamicsAX,etc.runandmanagedincloud.
StandardBatch(n)~TheStandardtierfortheMicrosoftAzureservicethatenableslarge
amountsofdiscrete,compute-intensivebatchesoftaskstobeeasilyexecutedinAzure.
Typicalworkloadsincludemediatranscoding,rendering,testsuiteexecution,simulations,
imageanalysis,andfileprocessing.
StandardBizTalkunit(n)~Aunitofmeasureforthecomputecapacityandmemory
usedbytheStandardtierofMicrosoftAzureBizTalkServices.
StandardCDNDataTransfer(GB)(n)~Aunitofmeasurewhichreferstodatamoving
inandoutofWindowsAzuredatacentersotherthanthoseexplicitlycoveredbythe
ContentDeliveryNetworkpricing.
standardconsumer(n)~Oneofseveralpreinstalledpermanentconsumersthatperform
anaction,suchassendingane-mailorwritingtoalogwhenconfiguredbyamanaged
objectformat(MOF)fileorascript.
standardcostprice(n)~Thenormaloridealcostthatisusedasacomparisontothe
actualcost.Formanufactureditems,standardcostpriceincludeslabor,materials,and
overhead.Forpurchaseditems,standardcostpriceincludespurchasepriceplus
transportationandotherfees.
standarddeployment(n)~AdeploymenttypethatallowsuserstoconfigureaRemote
DesktopServicesdeploymentacrossmultipleserversorononeserver.
standarddeviation(n)~Astatisticalmeasureoftheamountbywhichasetofvalues
differsfromthearithmeticalmean,equaltothesquarerootofthemeanofthedifferences’
squares.
StandardDTUPack(n)~Aresourceofthe‘SQLDatabase’servicetypeofthe‘Data
Services’servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’billingbasedontheratingofCPU,memory,reads,
andwritesconsumed.
StandardEditionconfiguration(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationServerconfiguration
consistingofasingleStandardEditionServer.
StandardElasticDatabaseExistence(n)~Aresourceofthe‘SQLDatabase’service
typeofthe‘DataServices’servicethatreferstotheexistenceofadatabase.
StandardElasticDTUPack(n)~Aresourceofthe‘SQLDatabase’servicetypeofthe
‘DataServices’servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’billingbasedontheratingofCPU,memory,
reads,andwritesconsumed.
standardenvironment(n)~Acollectionofcomputersonwhichyoucanrunandmanage
testsasasingleentity.
standarderror(n)~Anoutputstreamtypicallyusedbyprogramstooutputerror
messagesordiagnostics.
StandardEventHubs(n)~TheStandardtierofthefeaturethatinServiceBusthat
provideslarge-scaleingestion,persistenceandprocessingofdataeventsfromhigh-
throughputdatasourcesand/ormillionsofdevices.Theingestedeventsarestoreddurably
untiltherequiredretentionperiodexpires.
StandardExistence(n)~Aresourceofthe‘SQLDatabase’servicetypeofthe‘Data
Services’servicethatreferstotheexistenceofadatabase.
standardfont(n)~Thedefaulttextfontforworksheets.Thestandardfontdeterminesthe
defaultfontfortheNormalcellstyle.
StandardGeneralizedMarkupLanguage(n)~Theinternationalstandardfororganizing
andtaggingelementsanddatainadocument.SGMLitselfdoesnotspecifyanyparticular
formatting;rather,itspecifiestherulesfortaggingelements.Tagscanthenbeinterpreted
toformatelementsindifferentways.
StandardImageFormat(n)~AvideoformatthatisaversionofCIFandisspecificto
NTSCorPALtelevisionstandards.SIFhas352x240non-squarepixelsforNTSC
StandardIndustrialClassificationcode(n)~Afour-digitnumberassignedbytheU.S.
governmenttodesignatetheeconomicactivityofbusinesses.
standardinput(n)~Astreamthatisdefinedtoreceivedatainput.Bydefault,standard
inputisreadfromthekeyboard.
StandardIO-BlockBlob(GB)(PN)~Theresourceforthestandardinput/output
processesperformedbytheStorageserviceforblockblobs.
StandardIO-File(GB)(PN)~Theresourceforthestandardinput/outputprocesses
performedbytheStorageserviceforthestoragetypecalledFile.”
StandardIO-PageBlob/Disk(GB)(PN)~Theresourceforthestandardinput/output
processesperformedbytheStorageserviceforpageblobs.
StandardIO-Table/Queue(GB)(PN)~Theresourceforthestandardinput/output
processesperformedbytheStorageserviceforthestoragetypecalledTable/Queue.”
standardkeyboard(n)~Aninputdeviceconsistingofasetofindividualkeyssimilarto
thoseonatypewriter.Itisusedtoconveyinformationfromausertoacomputerordata
communicationscircuit.
StandardLargeAppServiceHours(PN)~AnewnameforLargeStandardWebsites
Hours,abillingmeterfortheMicrosoftAzureWebSitesservicebasedonlongusage
time.
StandardMediumAppServiceHours(PN)~AnewnameforMediumStandard
WebsitesHours,abillingmeterfortheMicrosoftAzureWebSitesservicebasedonmid-
sizedusagetime.
StandardMobileServicesunit(n)~AunitofmeasurefortheStandardtierofthe
MicrosoftAzureMobileServicesservice.
standardmode(n)~Thestandardstatementcompletionmodethatisprovidedby
IntelliSense.Standardmodeisusedwhenclassesandmembersareusedafterhavingbeen
defined.
standardmodule(n)~AmoduleinwhichyoucanplaceSubandFunctionprocedures
thatyouwanttobeavailabletootherproceduresthroughoutyourdatabase.
StandardMS1Database(Hours)(n)~Aresourceofthe‘MySQLDatabaseonAzure’
servicetypeofthe‘DataServices’servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’billingbasedonthe
numberofdatabaseinstancesandhoursconsumed.
standardNISmap(n)~InNetworkInformationService(NIS),amapthatconsistsof
aliases,bootparams,ethers,hosts,group,netgroup,netid,netmasks,networks,passwd,
protocols,rpc,services,pservers,andshadow;allothermapsarenonstandard.
StandardNotificationHubunit(n)~AunitofmeasurefortheStandardtierofthe
MicrosoftAzureNotificationHubsservice.
StandardNotificationHubs(n)~TheStandardtierofthehighlyscalable,cross-platform
pushnotificationinfrastructurethatenablesuserstoeitherbroadcastpushnotificationsto
millionsofusersatonceortailornotificationstoindividualusers.
StandardOrigin-StreamedHours(PN)~ThestandardresourcefortheMediaServices
servicetypeoftheMediaservicemeasuredperhourstreamedfromtheorigin,perbitrate.
StandardOverageDataPoints(1M)(PN)~Astandardunitofmeasurefor‘Pay-As-
You-Go’billingfortheSQLDataWarehouseservicetypebasedonbandwithusageusing
1Masbaseline.
StandardOverageEvents(1M)(n)~Aresourceofthe‘ApplicationInsights’service
typeofthe‘VisualStudio’servicefor‘Pay-As-You-Go’billingforanamountofevents
exceedinga1Mbaseline.
standardqueryoperator(n)~Amethodthatconstitutesaquerypatternandthatis
implementedbyaLINQproviderforaspecificdomain.Standardqueryoperatorsare
definedintheSystem.Linq.Enumerableclass.
standardrate(n)~Abaseratethatyouassigntoresources[suchaspeople,equipment,or
material]andthatProjectusestocalculateresourcecosttotals.
StandardReport(n)~AbasiccollectionandrepresentationofdatathathelpsCSRskeep
trackofKeyPerformanceIndicators(KPIs),suchasthenumberofTicketssolvedorthe
viewcountofaKnowledgebaseArticle.
StandardSender(n)~AConfigurationManagercommunicationmechanismthatenables
youtocreateandsendpackageinformationtoanotherConfigurationManagersiteover
standardnetworkchannels.
StandardSmallAppServiceHours(PN)~AnewnameforSmallStandardWebsites
Hours,abillingmeterfortheMicrosoftAzureWebSitesservicebasedonshortusage
time.
StandardSupport(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzuresupportplanthatincludesbasicsupport
plussupportforbillingandsubscriptionmanagement-relatedissuesaswellasbreak-fix
issues;responsetimeisunder2hours.
Standardtoolbar(n)~Atoolbarthatcontainsbuttonsyoucanusetoperformsomeofthe
mostcommontasksinaMicrosoftOfficeprogram,suchasopening,saving,andprinting
files.
standarduser(n)~AuseraccountintheUsersgroupthathasafullprivilegeaccess
token.Thestandarduserisnotanadministratorandisnotamemberofanylocalgroups
thatarefiltered.
StandardUserAnalyzer(n)~Anadd-inforAppVerifierthatpredictswhetheran
applicationwillperformcorrectlywhenrunasastandarduserorasanadministratorwith
afilteredaccesstoken.
StandardVMSupporthour(n)~AunitofmeasureoftimefortheStandardlevelof
supportforavirtualmachine.
Standardsandformats(oth)~ARegionalandLanguageOptionssettingthatdetermines
theformatsusedtodisplaydates,times,currency,numbers,andthesortingorderoftext.
standby(n)~Astateinwhichyourcomputerconsumeslesspowerwhenitisidle,but
remainsavailableforimmediateuse.Whileyourcomputerisonstandby,informationin
computermemoryisnotsavedonyourharddisk.Ifthereisaninterruptioninpower,the
informationinmemoryislost.
standbycontinuousreplication(n)~Areplicationthatusesthesamelogshippingand
replaytechnologyusedbylocalcontinuousreplication(LCR)andclustercontinuous
replication(CCR)toprovideaddeddeploymentoptionsandconfigurations.
standbyfile(n)~Inarestoreoperation,afileusedduringtheundophasetoholdacopy-
on-write’pre-imageofpagesthataretobemodified.Thestandbyfileallowsrevertingthe
undopasstobringbacktheuncommittedtransactions.’
standbyserver(n)~Aserverinstancecontainingacopyofadatabasethatcanbebrought
onlineifthesourcecopyofthedatabasebecomesunavailable.Logshippingcanbeused
tomaintainawarm’standbyserver
standingquery(n)~Aninstantiationofaquerytemplatethatrunswithinthe
StreamInsightserverperformingcontinuouscomputationovertheincomingevents.
Standings(PN)~Alistofteamsorcontestantsarrangedaccordingtotheirpastrecords.
star(n)~Aratingunit,e.g.assigningaone-starrating’toanimage.’
star(n)~Aunitofmeasureusedtoallotacolumnorrowaweightedproportionof
availablescreenspace.
starjoin(n)~Ajoinbetweenafacttable(typicallyalargefacttable)andatleasttwo
dimensiontables.
starout(n)~AfunctionthatisavailabletocallerswhentheyaredialedintoUnified
MessagingAutoAttendantbuttheywanttobeabletogettoOutlookVoiceAccessto
accesstheire-mailandvoicemail.Thecallerpressesthestar(*)keyperthevoiceprompt,
whichtakesthemtoOutlookVoiceAccess.
starquery(n)~Aquerythatjoinsafacttableandanumberofdimensiontables.
starrating(n)~Ashapethatconsistsofanumberofstars(e.g.???).Usedfordata
graphicssolutiontovisualizethedata.
starschema(n)~Arelationaldatabasestructureinwhichdataismaintainedinasingle
facttableatthecenteroftheschemawithadditionaldimensiondatastoredindimension
tables.Eachdimensiontableisdirectlyrelatedtoandusuallyjoinedtothefacttablebya
keycolumn.
starsizing(n)~InaGridlayoutcontainer,atypeofsizingthatmakesthewidthof
columnsandtheheightofrowsresizeproportionallywhentheparentgridisresized.
star-sized(Adverb)~Producedwiththeuseofthestarsizing.
start(v)~Tostartorresetacomputerbyturningthepoweron,bypressingaresetbutton
onthecomputercase,orbyissuingasoftwarecommandtorestart.
Start(PN)~TheHomescreenofanunlockedWindowsPhone.
Start(PN)~Ascreenthatgivesusersquickaccesstorecentdocumentsandrecommended
templateswhenanOfficeapplicationstarts.
Start(PN)~ThebuttonthatinvokestheStartmenu(desktop)andtheStartscreen(mobile
ordesktop).
Start(PN)~The-full-screenviewofStartthatincludesthe-listofitems,suchasapps,
websites,andotherinfothatapersoncanspecifyandcustomize.Itiswhatisdisplayed
whentheStartbuttonisused.
Start(PN)~TheresizableviewofStart.Itcanberesizedtoshowthelistofitems,suchas
apps,websites,andotherinfothatapersoncanspecifyandcustomize.
StartaNewConference…(oth)~AnitemontheMore/Actionsmenuthatstartsa
conferencewiththepersontheuserselectsfromthecorporateaddressbook.Alsoanitem
ontheright-clickmenuforapersonthatstartsaconferencewiththeperson.
StartaVideoConversation…(oth)~TheitemontheActionsmenuthatstartsavideo
conversationwiththepersontheuserselectsfromthecorporateaddressbook.
StartanAudioConversation…(oth)~TheitemontheActionsmenuthatstartsanaudio
conversationwiththepersontheuserselectsfromthecorporateaddressbook.
startangle(n)~Theangleofrotation,between0and360,atwhichthescalewillbegin.
Thezero(0)positionislocatedatthebottomofthegauge,andthestartanglerotates
clockwise.Forexample,astartangleof90degreesstartsthescaleatthe9o’clock
position.
StartApplicationSharingorWhiteboard(oth)~Thebuttononthetoolbarina
conversationwindowthatstartsasharingsessionwiththeparticipantsofthecurrent
conversation.
Startbackground(n)~AphotoyoucanchoosetouseasthebackgroundforsomeLive
TilesontheStartscreen.
StartBoard(PN)~TheWin8stylehomepagewithcustomizablelivetilesoftheAzure
portal.
StartBurn(v)~AnoptionthatstartstheCDburningprocess.
STARTbutton(n)~AhardwarebuttononPortableMediaCenter.
Startbutton(PN)~Theroundbuttoninthelowerleft-handcorneroftheWindowsscreen
thatallowstheusertoclickanddisplaytheStartmenu.
Startbutton(PN)~Thehardwarebuttononthephone,pressedtopressedtogotothe
Startscreen.
StartButton~Abuttononthelefthandend(usually)ofthe-Taskbar-inmostversions
of-Windows,whichyouclickontodisplaythe-StartMenu.
startcap(n)~Thestartofaline.
Startcharm(PN)~ThecharmthattakesuserstotheStartscreen.
startdate(n)~Thedatewhenaprojectortaskisscheduledtobegin.
StartHere(n)~Aphrasethatclearlyindicatestothecustomertobeginreading
instructionsatthispoint.
Startmenu(PN)~TheresizableviewofStart.Itcanberesizedtoshowthelistofitems,
suchasapps,websites,andotherinfothatapersoncanspecifyandcustomize.
StartMenu~Asetofmenuswhichappearwhenyouclickonthe-StartButtonin
Windows,whichyoucancustomisetosuityourownpreferences.Mostprogramswill
automaticallyaddthemselvestotheStartMenuwhenyouinstallthem.
StartMenurestrictions(n)~SettingsthatallowtheadministratortorestrictStartMenu
attributes.
StartMicrosoftOfficeLiveMeeting(oth)~ThebuttononthemainCommunicator
windowthatstartstheMicrosoftOfficeLiveMeetingprogram.
StartMicrosoftOfficeLiveMeeting…(oth)~TheitemontheActionsmenuthatstartsa
LiveMeetingsessionwiththepersontheuserselectsfromthecorporateaddressbook.
StartMicrosoftOfficeOneNote(oth)~ThebuttononthemainCommunicatorwindow
thatstartstheMicrosoftOfficeOneNoteprogram.
Startnewexperiencescreen(n)~ThescreenthatappearswhenaSurfaceunittimesout
(thatis,whenaSurfaceunitdoesn’treceiveanycontactforawhile).TheStartnew
experiencescreenenablesuserstoreturntothepreviouslyrunningapplicationortostarta
newexperience.
startpoint(n)~Thebeginningofapath.
Startscreen(PN)~TheHomescreenofanunlockedWindowsPhone.
Startscreen(PN)~Ascreenthatgivesusersquickaccesstorecentdocumentsand
recommendedtemplateswhenanOfficeapplicationstarts.
Startscreen(PN)~The-full-screenviewofStartthatincludesthe-listofitems,suchas
apps,websites,andotherinfothatapersoncanspecifyandcustomize.Itiswhatis
displayedwhentheStartbuttonisused.
StartSharing…(oth)~AnitemontheActionsmenuthatstartsasharingsessionwiththe
persontheuserselectsfromthecorporateaddressbook.
starttag(n)~Atypeofmarkupinmarkuplanguages.Astarttagisthestartingelementof
atagpairwhichcontainsmetainformationaboutsomepartofthetext.
startvoicenav(PN)~Awayofprovidingdrivingorwalkingdirectionstotheuserwhere
theappprovidesbothspokenandvisualinstructionsattherighttimefortheusertoacton
thoseinstructions.
start+theme(PN)~ThetitleofSettingsscreeninwhichtheusercancontrolsettingsfor
theStartscreeninadditiontothemecolorandbackgroundcolorsettings.
Startboard(PN)~ThecustomizableareainthewelcomepageoftheMicrosoftAzure
previewportalonwhichyoucanpinbladesandotherresources.
startercode(n)~Somebasicstatementsthatareautomaticallygeneratedwhencreatinga
newprojectfromastandardtemplatetohelpthedeveloperwriteprogramsrightaway.
StarterDiagram(PN)~Apartiallycompleteddiagramthatincludesshapesandtipsto
helptheusergetstartedinVisio.Ausercanselectfromthreediagramsatstartup.
starterkit(n)~Atemplateormodelprogramthathelpsyoustartwritingprogramsright
away.
StarterSite(n)~AsetofCommerceServerfeaturesthatarepre-configuredandbundled
intoapackagefile.Thepackagefileisdesignedtobeunpackedandthencustomizedto
meettheneedsofyourorganization
start-of-authorityresourcerecord(n)~Arecordthatindicatesthestartingpointor
originalpointofauthorityforinformationstoredinazone.TheSOAresourcerecord(RR)
isthefirstRRcreatedwhenaddinganewzone.Italsocontainsseveralparametersused
byothercomputersthatuseDNStodeterminehowlongtheywilluseinformationforthe
zoneandhowoftenupdatesarerequired.
startup(n)~Theprocessofstartingorresettingacomputeroradevice.Whenfirstturned
on(coldboot)orreset(warmboot),thecomputerrunsthesoftwarethatloadsandstarts
thecomputer’soperatingsystem,whichpreparesitforuse.
startupdocument(n)~Thedocumentthatappearsfirstwhenyourunyourapplication.
startupenvironment(n)~Indual-bootormultiple-bootsystems,theconfiguration
settingsthatspecifywhichsystemtostartandhoweachsystemshouldbestarted.
StartUpFolder~AnareaunderProgramsintheWindows-StartMenu.Anyprograms
placedinthisfolderwilllaunchthemselvesautomaticallywheneveryoustartup
Windows.
startupkey(n)~AkeythatisstoredonaUSBflashdrivethatmustbeinsertedeachtime
thecomputerstarts.
startuplatency(n)~Thetimeittakesfortheencoder,SDKreader,orotherdevicesto
startbeforeencodingbegins.Startuplatencypreventsthecuttingofframesatthemark-in
point.
startupobject(n)~Aprojectpropertythatdefinestheentrypointtobecalledwhenthe
applicationloads.
startupscreen(n)~Atextorgraphicsdisplaythatappearsonthescreenwhenaprogram
isstarted(run).Startupscreensusuallycontaininformationaboutthesoftware’sversion
andoftencontainaproductorcorporatelogo.
stash(v)~IntheGitcontext,totakethedirtystateofaworkingdirectory-€”thatis,
modifiedtrackedfilesandstagedchanges-€”andsaveitonastackofunfinishedchanges
thattheusercanreapplyatanytime.
stashfile(n)~AlocalfilethatholdsthemasterkeyfortheKerberosdatabase.
stashfile(n)~Aninternalstructurethatisusedtostageadiscbeforerecordingitto
media.
state(n)~Theconditionataparticulartimeofanyofnumerouselementsofcomputing—
adevice,acommunicationschannel,anetworkstation,aprogram,abit,orotherelement
—usedtoreportonortocontrolcomputeroperations.
state(n)~Theactivitylevelofanaccountorabusinesscontact;possiblevaluesare
‘active’or‘inactive’.
state(n)~Theoverallnatureandappearanceofanobjectcapturedwithinamomentin
time.
state(n)~Theperiodoftimeduringwhichanactorexhibitsaparticularbehavior.
state(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,aconditionduringwhichanobjectsatisfiesa
condition,performsanaction,orwaitsforanevent.
state(n)~Theconditionofasystem,process,orparty.
State(n)~OntheBusinessRuleseditordialogbox,thecolumnthatlistswhethera
businessruleisactivatedordeactivated.
stateblock(n)~Acollectionofoneormoredevicestatesthatcanbeappliedtoadevice
withasingleAPIcall.
statecontext(n)~Anestedseriesofstates,whichrepresentsthecurrentstateofasystem.
stateindicator(n)~AnOperatorConsolecommandbarthatshowsthestateofcomputers
inaspecifiedcomputergroup.
statemachine(n)~Agraphofstatesandtransitionsthatdescribestheresponseofan
objectofagivenclasstothereceiptofoutsidestimuli.Astatemachineisattachedtoa
classormethod.Astatechartdiagramrepresentsastatemachine.
statemachineworkflow(n)~Aworkflowthatismodeledinanevent-drivenmannerasa
statemachine.
statemanagementpoint(n)~ASystemsManagementServersitesystemrolethatstores
userstatedatawhileacomputerisbeingmigratedtoanewoperatingsystem.
statemessage(n)~AmessagetypethatisusedtoidentifyatwhatstageaConfiguration
Managerclientprocesshassucceeded,failed,orstopped.
statemigrationpoint(n)~AConfigurationManagersitesystemrolethatstoresuserstate
datawhileacomputerisbeingmigratedtoanewoperatingsystem.
stateobject(n)~Acollectionofstatevariablesforaparticularprotocollayer.
stateperformancecounter(oth)~Acounterthatmonitorstheimmediatehealthstateof
anapplicationbycollectingasnapshotofconfiguredperformancecountersat5minute
intervals.ThisdataisavailableforviewingtrendsinApplicationDiagnostics.
stateprovider(n)~InteractswithWindowsFabrictomakeservicestatehighlyavailable
andreliable.Itreplicates,applies,andrebuildsthestateoftheservice.
State/Province(PN)~AUIelementwherethestateorprovinceofthelocationofa
record,suchasanaccountorcontact,isindicated.
State/Region(n)~Alabelforageographicselection.
statechartdiagram(n)~Arepresentationofastatemachine,attachedtoaclassor
method,thatdescribestheresponseoftheclasstooutsidestimuli.
stateful(adj)~Inthestreamingcontext,pertainingto,orcharacteristicof,streaming
protocolsusedbyWindowsMediaServicesthatrequireaninteractiveconnectionbetween
theserverandclientduringthestreamingsession.Streamingdatainastatefulconnection
cannotbecachedforreusebyotherclients(thatis,thedataisnotcacheable).
statefulobject(n)~Anobjectthatholdsprivatestateaccumulatedfromtheexecutionof
oneormoreclientcalls.
statefulpartitionedservice(n)~Astatefulservicethatpartitionsitsstate(andaccess
patternstothatstate)intosubsetsforload-balancedexecution.
statefulservice(n)~Aservicethathasstateandachievesreliabilitythroughreplication
betweenmultiplereplicasonothernodesinthecluster.Ifanodeonwhichareplicaofthis
serviceisactivegoesdown,anotherreplicaisstartedonanothernode.
stateless(adj)~Oforpertainingtoasystemorprocessthatparticipatesinanactivity
withoutmonitoringalldetailsofitsstate.Forexample,statelesshandlingofmessages
mighttakeaccountofonlytheirsourcesanddestinationsbutnottheircontent.
statelessobject(n)~Anobjectthatdoesnotholdprivatestateaccumulatedfromthe
executionofoneormoreclientcalls.
statelesspartitionedservice(n)~Astatelessservicethatpartitionitsexecutioninto
subsetsforload-balancedexecution.
statelessservice(n)~AservicethatdoesnotuseWindowsFabrictomakestatehighly
reliable,orstateispersistedtoexternalstorage,whichneedstobemadereliablebyusing
WindowsFabric.Ifanodeonwhichaninstanceofthisserviceisactivegoesdown,
anotherinstanceisstartedonanothernode.
statement(n)~Thesmallestexecutableentitywithinaprogramminglanguage.
statement(n)~Areportthatsummarizesthestatusofanaccount,includingcurrent
balanceandrecentactivities.
statement(n)~AcompiledT-SQLquery.
statementcompany(n)~Thecompanyfromwhichacentralizedstatementisprinted.
statementcompletion(n)~Theprocessbywhichthelanguageservicehelpsusersfinish
alanguagekeywordorelementthattheyhavestartedtypinginthecoreeditor.
statementofearnings(n)~Areportthatsummarizesacompany’scosts,expenses,and
revenuesforaspecificaccountingperiod.
statementofhealth(n)~Adeclarationfromaclientcomputerthatassertsthecomputer’s
healthstatus.Systemhealthagents(SHAs)createSoHsandsendthemtoacorresponding
systemhealthvalidator(SHV).
statementofhealthresponse(n)~Thevalidationofastatementofhealth(SoH)thata
systemhealthvalidator(SHV)producesandsendstotheNAPadministrationserver.The
SoHRcancontainremediationinstructions.
statementofincome(n)~Areportthatsummarizesacompany’scosts,expenses,and
revenuesforaspecificaccountingperiod.
StatementofServices(PN)~Anyworkorderorotherdescriptionofservices(including
inaSupplementalAgreement)thatincorporatesanagreement.
statementofwork(n)~Adetaileddescriptionoftheworkthatneedstobecompleted
withinthescopeofacontract.
static(n)~Ininformationprocessing,fixedorpredetermined.Forexample,astatic
memorybufferremainsinvariantinsizethroughoutprogramexecution.
staticadapter(n)~Anadapterthatusestheuserinterfaceprovidedbytheadapter
framework.
staticallocation(n)~Apportionmentofmemorythatoccursonce,usuallywhenthe
programstarts.Thememoryremainsallocatedduringtheprogram’sexecutionandisnot
deallocateduntiltheprogramisfinished.
staticanalysis(n)~Theanalysisofthesourceorobjectcodeofaprogramwithout
executingthecode.Typicallytheanalysisisdesignedtodetecterrors.
staticbinding(n)~Binding(convertingsymbolicaddressesintheprogramtostorage-
relatedaddresses)thatoccursduringprogramcompilationorlinkage.
staticbuffer(n)~Asecondarysoundbufferthatcontainsanentiresound.Typicallyitis
filledwithdataonlyonce.
staticcontrol(n)~AWebPartscontrolthatispartofthedeclarativepagepersistence’
markupinan.aspxpage;itexistsonlyaspartofthe.aspxpage
staticcursor(n)~Acursorthatshowstheresultsetexactlyasitwasatthetimethecursor
wasopened.
staticdialogbox(n)~Ascripteddialogboxbetweentheclientcomputerandan
intermediarydevice.Thiskindofdialogboxrequiresnoresponsefromtheuser.
staticfield(n)~Amemberthatrepresentsavariableassociatedwithanobjectorclassand
identifiesexactlyonestoragelocation.Itisnotattachedtoaninstance,doesnotdependon
aninstanceexpressionandrequiresonefewerlevelofindirectiononeachloadandstore.
StaticIP~anIPaddressthatisassignedpermanentlytoacomputer.AstaticIPaddressis
neededforanykindofserverthatpeopleaccessthroughtheInternet
staticIPaddress(n)~ThepermanentaddressofacomputerontheInternet,assignedby
anISP.However,becauseofashortageofIPaddressnumbers,ISPssometimesfavor
assigningdynamicIPaddressesinstead.
staticIPaddresspool(n)~AsetofstaticIPaddressesthatVMMcanautomatically
assignasneeded.
staticloadbalancing(n)~Theprocessofmanuallymovingagroupbetweennodesto
balancetheloadacrossthenodes.
staticmembership(n)~Agroupinwhichthemembershipisdeterminedbyanattribute
ofthegroupresourcethatlistsallthegroup’smembers.
staticmethod(n)~Amethodthatisnotinvokedonaninstanceofanobject.
staticpage(n)~AHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)pagethatispreparedinadvance
ofarequestforitandthatissenttotheclientuponrequest.Thispagetakesnospecial
actionwhenitisrequested.
staticpicture(n)~Asnapshotofinformation,oftenfromanotherdocumentorprogram,
thatisnotlinkedtothedocumentorprograminwhichtheinformationwascreated.
staticproperty(n)~Apropertythatiscommontoallinstancesofanobject.
staticRAM(n)~Aformofsemiconductormemory(RAM)basedonthelogiccircuit
knownasaflip-flop,whichretainsinformationaslongasthereisenoughpowertorunthe
device.StaticRAMisusuallyreservedforuseincaches.
staticreport(n)~AnExcelworkbookthatcontainsnomatrices.Essentiallyasnapshotof
dataatthepointintimeofcreation.
staticresource(n)~Adeviceresourcethatcannotbeconfiguredorrelocated.The
resourcecanincludeinterruptrequest(IRQ)signals,directmemoryaccess(DMA)
channels,input/output(I/O)portaddresses,andmemoryaddresses.
staticrouter(n)~Arouterwithmanuallyconfiguredroutingtables.Anetwork
administrator,withknowledgeoftheinternetworktopology,manuallybuildsandupdates
theroutingtable,programmingallroutesintheroutingtable.Staticrouterscanworkwell
forsmallinternetworksbutdonotscalewelltolargeordynamicallychanging
internetworksduetotheirmanualadministration.
staticrouting(n)~Routinglimitedtofixedroutingtables,asopposedtodynamically
updatedroutingtables.
staticrowfilter(n)~Afilteravailableforalltypesofreplicationthatallowsyouto
restrictthedatareplicatedtoaSubscriberbasedonaWHEREclause.
staticsoundbuffer(n)~Asectionofmemorythatcontainsacompletesound.These
buffersareconvenientbecausetheentiresoundcanbewrittenoncetothebuffer.
staticstructurediagram(n)~Adiagramthatshowsthestaticstructureofamodel;that
is,theelementsthatexist(suchasclassesandtypes),theinternalstructureofthe
elements,andtheirrelationshipstooneanother.
statictextfield(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolusedforinstructions,controllabels,and
alltextthattheuserdoesn’tneedtohorizontallyscroll,edit,orselect.Comparetextbox.
staticverb(n)~AverbthatappliestoaShellitemwithoutneedingtoinspectthecurrent
stateofanitemorsystem.Astaticverbisbasedonastaticregistrationoftheassociated
elementsofanitem,anddoesnotchange.
staticvirtualdevicedriver(n)~Avirtualdevicedriver(VxD)thatisstaticallyloaded
duringsystemstartup.AstaticVxDcanbeloadedinanumberofdifferentways,
includingdeviceenumerationbythePlugandPlay(PnP)staticdeviceenumerator.
staticVxD(n)~Avirtualdevicedriver(VxD)thatisstaticallyloadedduringsystem
startup.AstaticVxDcanbeloadedinanumberofdifferentways,includingdevice
enumerationbythePlugandPlay(PnP)staticdeviceenumerator.
staticWebPart(n)~AWebPartthatisaddedtoaWebpage(.aspxfile)andthatisnotin
aWebPartzone.
statisticalaccount(n)~Aclassifierofeconomicresourcequantityusedtoclassifydebit
orcreditentriesinanaccountingsystem.
statisticalbaselineforecast(n)~Anestimateoffuturedemandthatiscreatedbyapplying
aforecastingalgorithmtohistoricaltransactiondata.
status(n)~Theconditionataparticulartimeofanyofnumerouselementsofcomputing
—adevice,acommunicationschannel,anetworkstation,aprogram,abit,orother
element—usedtoreportonortocontrolcomputeroperations.
status(n)~Theconditionofthepaymentscheduleofanaccountorabusinesscontact;
possiblevaluesare‘current’or‘overdue’.
status(n)~Theconditionofauserthatcanbedisplayedtotheuser’scontactsto
communicatewhethertheuseriscurrentlyonlineandavailable,offlineandunavailable,
andsoon.
status(n)~Theapprovalstatusforanentry.
status(n)~Theconditionofanobjectinasystemorprocess.
Status(n)~ThecurrentstateofaTicketbasedontheActionsperformedonitbyeithera
CSRoraCustomer.
statusalert(n)~Anotificationthatissentwhenoneoftheuser’staggedcontactschanges
statustoAvailableorOffline.
statusarea(n)~TheareaontherightsideoftheWindowstaskbar.Itcontainsshortcutsto
programsandimportantstatusinformation.
statusbar(n)~Ahorizontalwindowatthebottomofaparentwindowinwhichan
applicationcandisplayvariouskindsofstatusinformation.Thestatusbarcanbedivided
intopartstodisplaymorethanonetypeofinformation.
statusbarcontrol(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatprovidesthefunctionalityofa
statusbar.
statusdate(n)~Adatethatyouset[ratherthanthecurrentdate]forreportingthetime,
cost,orperformanceconditionofaproject.
statusfilterrule(n)~Afilteringrulethatcontrolshowstatusmessagesarereportedand
viewed.
statuslight(n)~AlightthatappearsaroundaSurfacescreentoindicatetheoverallstatus
oftheunit.Thestatuslightdisplaysthefollowingcolors:-€¢Arhodamine(pink)color
appearstemporarilywhentheunitisturnedon.-€¢Abluecolorappearstemporarilywhen
theunitisturnedoff.-€¢Aredcolorappearswhenthereisaproblemwiththeunit.The
SCMstatusindicatorlightsprovidemoredetailsinformationaboutthestatusofaSurface
unit.
statusmanager(n)~Amanagerresponsiblefortrackingthetaskupdatesandassignments
withinaproject.Separatefromtheprojectmanager.Eachtaskinaprojectcanhavea
differentstatusmanager.
statusmessage(n)~AmessagefortheSMS/ConfigurationManagerAdministrator
consolegeneratedbyanSMS/ConfigurationManagercomponent.Statusmessagesdiffer
fromoperatingsystemeventsinthattheyrepresenttheflowofactivitywithinan
SMS/ConfigurationManagersite.
statusmessage(n)~AcustomizedmessagethatsomeonesetsinWindowsLive
Messenger,onWindowsLiveHome,orontheirprofilepage.Thestatusmessageispartof
theshareanything’control.Theinformationisdistributedtoanyconnectedservice.’
statusmessageID(n)~Auniquestatusmessageidentifier.However,eachinstanceofthe
samestatusmessagedoesnothaveadifferentID.Forexample,ifacertainmessage’sID
is62,itis62everytimethemessageisgenerated.AstatusmessagehasthesameID
regardlessoflocale.StatusMessageViewermapseachIDtolocale-specificmessagetext.
statusmessageproperty(n)~Anoptionalattributeofastatusmessagethatletsyou
differentiateamonggroupsofmessageswhenyouarequerying,finding,andfiltering.A
statusmessagepropertycanbeAdvertisementID,CollectionID,PackageID,orUser
Name.
statusmessagepropertyvalue(n)~Anoptionalattributeofastatusmessageproperty
thatisappliedbytheSMScomponentthatgeneratesthemessage.Statusmessage
propertiesletyoudifferentiatemessagesassociatedwithparticularadvertisements,
collections,packages,anduserswhenyouarequerying,finding,andfiltering.
statusmessageseverity(n)~Anindicationofthesignificanceofastatus,suchaserror,
warning,orinformational.
statusmessagethreshold(n)~Thelimitthatdefineswhenthesummarystatusfora
componentorsitesystemshouldindicateOK,Warning,orCriticalstatus.
statusmessagetype(n)~Thenatureofthestatusmessage,suchasaudit,detail,or
milestone.
StatusMessageViewer(n)~AtoolintheSMS/ConfigurationManagerAdministrator
consolethatisusedtobrowsethestatusmessagesintheSMS/ConfigurationManagersite
database.
statusreason(n)~Thedescriptionofthestatusofarecordoractivity.Theoptions
availablearebasedonwhatrecordtypeisopenandinwhichmodule.
statusreport(n)~Adescriptionofthestatusofamember’sprojectworkandrelated
work.
statusreportinglevel(n)~Thelevelatwhichclientandservercomponentsreportstatus
messagestoStatusManagerandtheWindowsNTeventlog.
statussummarizer(n)~Acomponentthatconsolidatesthedatageneratedby
ConfigurationManagerstatusmessagesintoasuccinctviewofthestatusofacomponent,
aserver,apackage,oranadvertisement.
statussummary(n)~Adatasetthatisgeneratedbyastatussummarizer.Status
summarizersuseboththestatusmessagesthatarecollectedbyStatusManagerandother
dataintheSMS/ConfigurationManagersitedatabasetogeneratestatussummaries.
statussystem(n)~Theoverallsystemthatgenerates,collects,processes,replicates,and
presentsstatusmessagesandotherdatatotheSMS/ConfigurationManagerAdministrator
console.
StatusUnavailableContacts(n)~ThedefaultcontactgroupnamethatCommunicator
usesforallcontactsforwhomnostatusinformationisavailable.
STDERR(n)~Anoutputstreamtypicallyusedbyprogramstooutputerrormessagesor
diagnostics.
STDIN(n)~Astreamthatisdefinedtoreceivedatainput.Bydefault,standardinputis
readfromthekeyboard.
StdOut(n)~Apropertyorpointerthatexposesthewrite-onlyoutputstreamforthe
currentprocess.
stealth(adj)~Exhibitingcharacteristicsthatallowmalicioussoftwaretoevadedetection
byordinarymeans.
stealthnotifier(n)~Atypeoftrojanmalwarethatconnectstoaremoteserverthrougha
stealthconnectionandthatnotifiestheserverthatthemalwarehasbeeninstalled.
stemmer(n)~InFull-TextSearch,foragivenlanguage,astemmergeneratesinflectional
formsofaparticularwordbasedontherulesofthatlanguage.Stemmersarelanguage
specific.
stemming(n)~Theprocessofcapturingrelationshipsbetweenwordsbyreducing
inflectedwordstotheirstemorrootform(reductivestemming),orexpandingstemsto
theirinflectedforms(expansivestemming).Forexample,thewordswimming’isreduced
tothestem‘swim.’Becausetheword‘swam’canalsobereducedto‘swim
stencil(n)~AcollectionofmastersassociatedwithaparticularVisiodrawingtype,or
template.Bydefault,stencilsthatopenwithatemplatearedockedontheleftsideofthe
drawingwindow.
stencilref(n)~AnOpenGLclassspecyfingthereferencevalueforthestenciltest.
step(n)~Acomponentofajob.
step(v)~Toexecuteaprogramonestepatatime,usuallywithinthecontextofa
debugger.
step(n)~Anoperationinataskthatprogressesanactivitytowardscompletion.
stepclause(n)~Aclausethatspecifiestheamountbywhichtheloopcounteris
incrementedeachtimeaFor…Nextloopistraversed.Inthefollowingexample,Step2’is
thestepclause:ForloopCounter=1to100Step2’
stepcompensation(n)~Acompensationlevelstructurethatdefinesdiscreteamountsof
payperlevel.Payisdescribedasaspecificamount,andfrequencyisusuallyexpressedas
hourly.Forexample,onestepmayhavetenincreasing,specificratesofhourlypay.Pay
increasesmoveanemployeefromoneratetoanotherwithinastepforaspecificreason,
suchasthelengthoftenureorimprovedskills.
stepinto(v)~ToexecutethecurrentstatementandenterBreakmode,steppingintothe
nextprocedurewheneveracallforanotherprocedureisreached.
stepup(v)~Toupgradefromanexistingservicetoahigheredition.
stepvariablecost(n)~Avariablecostthatcanchangedramaticallybecauseitinvolves
largepurchasesorexpendituresthatcannotbespreadoutovertime.
step-by-stepdirections(n)~Instructionsforhowtogetfromonelocationtoanother,
describingeachsteppreciselyandinorder.
Step-by-StepInteractive(n)~InteractivetrainingpublishedbyMicrosoftPressthatis
integratedintoWindowsXPHelpandSupportCenter.
Steps(PN)~Movementofputtingoneleginfrontoftheotherinwalkingorrunning.
step-up(n)~Anupgradefromanexistingservicetoahigheredition.
Stereoscopic3D(PN)~AWindows8featurethatenablescontenttolook3-dimensional
byslightlyoffsettingtwoimagessothattheeyeseesthemas3D.
stereotype(n)~Arepresentationofausagedistinction.Astereotypeisasubclassofan
existingelementwiththesameattributesandrelationshipsasthatelementbutwitha
differentintentandpossiblyadditionalconstraints.
stewardshipportal(n)~AfeatureofMDSthatprovidescentralizedcontrolovermaster
data,includingmembersandhierarchiesandenablesdatamodeladministratorstoensure
dataqualitybydeveloping,reviewing,andmanagingdatamodelsandenforcingthem
consistentlyacrossdomains.
stickybutton(n)~Abuttoncontrolwithinagraphicaluserinterfacethatwhenclicked
remainsdown’(appearingtobepressed)untilitisclickedagain.Itcandisplayeithertext
orapicture
stitch(v)~Tocombineaseriesofelementsintoanindividual,largerone,suchasaseries
ofphotosintoonepanoramicphoto.
stochastic(adj)~Basedonrandomoccurrences.Forexample,astochasticmodel
describesasystembytakingintoaccountchanceeventsaswellasplannedevents.
stock(n)~Anaccumulationofitemsthatareownedandcontrolledbyorganizations.
stockflowevent(n)~Theoccurrenceofanactionthatregisterstheinputandoutputof
stockinstores,buffers,queues,andaccounts.
stockgrant(n)~Variablecompensationintheformofcompanystockthatisgranted
outright.Stockgrantsarealmostalwaysrestrictedinsomemanner,andvestovertime.
Forexample,agrantof900sharesmaybemadeavailabletoanemployeeoverthree
years,with300sharestransferringtoemployeeownershipattheendofeachyear.
Dividendsforthestock,however,areoftenpaidtotheemployeeeachyearbasedonthe
numberofsharesofthegrantretainedbythecompany.
stockitem(n)~Anitemizedproductitemthatparticipatesinastocktrackingprocess.
stockkeepingunit(n)~Auniqueidentifier,usuallyalphanumeric,foraproduct.The
SKUallowsaproducttobetrackedforinventorypurposes.AnSKUcanbeassociated
withanyitemthatcanbepurchased.Forexample,ashirtinstylenumber3726,size8
mighthaveaSKUof3726-8.
stockkeepingunit(n)~Anitemanditsassignedinventorydimensions.
stockoption(n)~Variablecompensationthatprovidestherighttopurchasecompany
stockatasetpriceforasetnumberofyears(typicallyten).Thepurchaseprice(orstrike
price)issetonthedateoftheaward.
stocked(adj)~Apolicythatcontrolswhetherproductsaretrackedinstock.
stockkeepingunit(n)~Aninventorydimension.
stockout(n)~Insufficientgoodsormaterialstomeetcurrentneeds.
stock-out(adj)~Describesanitemthatisnotininventory.
Stock-OutThreshold(n)~AvaluethattheSKUquantitymustbeaboveorequaltofor
theSKUitemtobeconsideredin-stock.
stolenpage(n)~ApageinBufferCachetakenforotherserverrequests
stop(v)~Tohaltaprocessoraction,typicallywithoutrestoringthepriorstate.
Stop(v)~Theuserinterfaceitemthathaltsaprocessoraction,typicallywithoutrestoring
thepriorstate.
stopbit(n)~Inasynchronoustransmission,abitthatsignalstheendofacharacter.In
earlyelectromechanicalteleprinters,thestopbitprovidedtimeforthereceiving
mechanismtocoastbacktotheidlepositionand,dependingonthemechanism,hada
durationof1,1.5,or2databits.
Stopmessage(n)~Acharacter-based,full-screenerrormessagedisplayedonablue
background.AStopmessageindicatesthattheWindowskerneldetectedaconditionfrom
whichitcannotrecover.EachmessageisuniquelyidentifiedbyaStoperrorcode(a
hexadecimalnumber)andastringindicatingtheerrorssymbolicname.Stopmessagesare
usuallyfollowedbyuptofouradditionalhexadecimalnumbers,enclosedinparentheses,
whichidentifydeveloper-definederrorparameters.Adriverordevicemaybeidentifiedas
thecauseoftheerror.Aseriesoftroubleshootingtipsarealsodisplayed,alongwithan
indicationthat,ifthesystemwasconfiguredtodoso,amemorydumpfilewassavedfor
laterusebyakerneldebugger.
stopresponding(v)~Tobeunresponsive.
stoplist(n)~Aspecificcollectionofso-calledstopwords,whichtendtoappearfrequently
indocuments,butarebelievedtocarrynousableinformation.
stopword(n)~Awordthattendstoappearfrequentlyindocumentsandcarriesnousable
information.
storage(n)~Incomputing,anydeviceinoronwhichinformationcanbekept.
Microcomputershavetwomaintypesofstorage:randomaccessmemory(RAM)anddisk
drivesandotherexternalstoragemedia.Othertypesofstorageincluderead-onlymemory
(ROM)andbuffers.
Storage(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatletsyoustorebinarydataandtextdatain
blobs,unstructurednon-relationaldataintables,andmessagesforworkflowand
communicationinqueues.
Storage(PN)~Thememoryavailableforstorageofapps,games,media,settings,and
more.Itisaninterfaceforuserstoseewhatisconsumingthestoragespaceontheir
phone,andfunctionalitytomovecontentfromphonetoSDcard.
Storage~Thegenerictermforanymethodofstoringinformationwhichisnotlostwhen
thecomputerisswitchedoff;themostcommontypesare-harddisks,-CDs,and-DVDs.
storageaccesskey(n)~Avaluethatisuniquetoastorageaccountandthatcanbeusedto
connecttothestorageaccountfromcoderunninginaMicrosoftAzurecloudservice,
locallyonadeveloper’smachine,oranywhereelsethathasInternetconnectivity.
storageaccount(n)~AnaccountthatprovidesaccesstoMicrosoftAzurestorageservices
toobtainpersistent,redundantstorageinthecloud.Thestorageservicesincludethese
fundamentalservices:a)Blobserviceb)Queueservicec)Tableservice.
storageaccountowner(n)~TheMicrosoftAzureuseraccountusedtocreatethestorage
account.Bydefault,onlythestorageaccountownerhasaccesstocontainerswithinthe
storageaccount.
storageadapter(n)~Anadapterthatprovidesaninterfaceformanagingbiometric
templatedatabases.Thisincludesoperationssuchasaddinganddeletingtemplates,as
wellaslookinguptemplateseitherbyuseridentityorbybiometriccontent.
storageallocation(n)~Inoperatingsystems,theprocessofreservingmemoryforuseby
aprogram.
storageareanetwork(n)~Asetofinterconnecteddevices(suchasdisksandtapes)and
serversthatareconnectedtoacommoncommunicationanddatatransferinfrastructure
suchasFibreChannel.
storagecard(n)~Inaservercluster,aresourcethatcanactasthecluster’squorum
resource.Tobequorum-capable,aresourcemustprovidesharedstorageandameansof
persistentarbitration.Theclusterservicedefinesonlyphysicaldiskresourcesasquorum-
capable.
storagecard(n)~Acard,insertedintoaportabledevice,usedtostorefiles.
storageclassification(n)~Auser-definednameassignedtoastoragepoolthatisusedto
describetheparticularcapabilitiesofthestoragepool.
storagedevice(n)~Adevicethatyoucanconnecttoacomputertocopyandstorefiles.
Commonstoragedevicesincludeexternalharddiskdrivesandflashmemorycards.
storagedimension(n)~Thedimensionofanitemthatcontrolshowitemsarestoredand
takenfrominventory,givingretailerstheabilitytomanageinventoryonaverydetailed
level.
storagedimension(n)~Thesite,warehouse,andinventorylocationattributesthatare
usedtolocateaniteminstorage.
storageemulator(n)~TheutilitythatprovidestheBlob,Table,andQueueserviceson
thedeveloper’slocalmachineforapplicationtestinganddebuggingbeforedeployingtoa
MicrosoftAzurecloudservice.
storageengine(n)~AcomponentofSQLServerthatisresponsibleformanagingtheraw
physicaldatainyourdatabase.Forexample,readingandwritingthedatatodiskisatask
handledbythestorageengine.
storagegroup(n)~Acollectionofmailboxstoresandpublicfolderstoresthatshareaset
oftransactionlogfiles.Exchangemanageseachstoragegroupwithaseparateserver
process.
storagekey(n)~ABase64encodedidentificationstringrequiredtoaccessstorage
accountsinAzurethatiscreatedautomaticallywhencreatingastorageaccount.
storagelayout(n)~Thelayoutandgeneralresiliencyofdataacrossmultipledisksina
virtualdiskorstoragespace.
storagelimit(n)~Themaximumstoragespaceusersareallowedtouseinacloudservice,
asdeterminedbyastorageplan.
storagelocation(n)~Thepositionatwhichaparticularitemcanbefound:eitheran
addressedlocationorauniquelyidentifiedlocationonadisk,tape,orsimilarmedium.
storagememory(n)~MemorythatissimilartoaRAMdiskonadesktopcomputer.Itis
usedtostoredataandnonsystemapplications.
storageobject(n)~Alogicalgroupingofdataorobjectswithinacompoundfilethatcan
containstreamsorothersubordinatestorages.Therelationshipbetweenstoragesand
streamsinacompoundfileissimilartothatoffoldersandfiles.
storageplan(n)~Asubscriptionthatprovidesacertainamountofonlinestoragespace.
storagepool(n)~InDPM,asetofdisksthatstorereplicas,shadowcopies,andtransfer
logsforprotecteddata.
storagepool(n)~Agroupofphysicaldisksthatcanbemanagedtogether.
storageprovider(n)~Aservicethatenablesadministrationofstoragesubsystems
throughacommonmanagementAPI.
storagequota(n)~Thetotalamountofstoragespaceassignedtoacompanywhenit
subscribestoaservice.
storagereport(n)~Areportingtoolthatalertsadministratorstocurrentdiskusetrends,
aswellastoattemptsbycertainusersorgroupstosaveunauthorizedfiles.
storagespace(n)~AvirtualdiskcreatedonaStorageSpacesstoragesubsystem.
storagespace(n)~Acapacityusedtostorefilesanddataonalocaldriveorcloudservice.
StorageSpaces(PN)~Astoragesubsystemthatletsyougroupdisks(drives)intooneor
morestoragepools.Youcanthencreatestoragespacesfromavailablecapacity(free
space)inthepool.
storagesubsystem(n)~Astand-alonehardwareappliancethathostsoneormorestorage
devices(suchasdiskdrives,tapedrives,opticaldrives),andisperipheraltotheserveror
serversthatcontrolaccesstoit.Storagesubsystemsareusedtocreatecentralizeddata
repositories,whilefreeingcomputingandstorageresourcesonservers.
storagetier(n)~Anoptionallayerofastoragespacethatwritesdatatophysicaldisksof
aparticularspeed.
storagetransaction(n)~AreadorwriteoperationtoMicrosoftAzureStorage.
StorageUsagereport(n)~AWebanalyticsreportthatprovidesinformationabout
storageusagetrends.
Store(PN)~Theonlinestorewhereuserscanlearnaboutanddownloadapps,games,
music,andmorefortheirWindowsdevice.
Store(PN)~Theonlinestorewhereuserscanlearnaboutanddownloadapps,games,
music,videos,andpodcastsfortheirWindowsPhone.UserscanusetheStoreontheir
phonesoronthewebatwindowsphone.com.
storearea(n)~Asectionofawarehouseusedforinventoryitemswithsimilar
characteristics,suchasaninputareaforitemswhentheyarereceivedininventory.
storedriver(n)~AsoftwarecomponentoftheHubTransportServerthatdelivers
inboundmessagestoExchangestores,thedatabasesthatcontainpublicfolderand
mailboxstores.Thestoredriverisalsoresponsibleforretrievingmessagesfromauser’s
outboxandsubmittingitfordelivery.
StoreManager(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesane-commercesolutionthatenablesyouto
setupandcustomizeyourownonlinestorefrontforsellingproductsonline.
storeschemadefinitionlanguage(n)~AnXML-basedlanguagethatisusedtodefinethe
entitytypes,associations,entitycontainers,entitysets,andassociationsetsofastorage
model,oftencorrespondingtoadatabaseschema.
storezone(n)~Aclassificationofstoreareas.Storezonesprovideawaytoorderand
prioritizestoreareasforitemsastheyarriveininventory.
store-and-forward(adj)~Amethodofdeliveringtransmissionsinwhichmessagesare
heldtemporarilybyanintermediarybeforebeingsentontotheirdestination.Storeand
forwardisusedbysomeswitchesindeliveringpacketstotheirdestinations.
store-and-forwardreplication(n)~Areplicationmodel,usedbyActiveDirectory,in
whichchangesarenotsentdirectlyfromonedomaincontrollertoallotherdomain
controllers.Instead,asystemofreplicationpartnersiscreatedautomaticallybythe
system,takingadvantageoftheexistingconnections.Replicationthroughneighboring
systemsisalsocalledtransitivereplication.
storedprocedure(n)~AprecompiledcollectionofSQLstatementsandoptionalcontrol-
of-flowstatementsstoredunderanameandprocessedasaunit.TheyarestoredinanSQL
databaseandcanberunwithonecallfromanapplication.
storedprocedureresolver(n)~Aprogramthatisinvokedtohandlerowchange-based
conflictsthatareencounteredinanarticletowhichtheresolverwasregistered.-
storedvirtualmachine(n)~Aninactivevirtualmachinethathasbeensavedtothe
VirtualMachineManagerlibrary.Thevirtualmachine’svirtualharddisks(.vhdfiles)and
virtualmachineconfigurationfile(.vmcfile)arestoredonalibraryshare.
storefront(n)~AbusinessthatdisplaysitsmerchandiseontheInternetandhasprovisions
forcontactoronlinesales.
stories(n)~IntheAgilecontext,workisexpressedinthebacklogasuserstories.Auser
storyisashort,simpledescriptionofafeaturetoldfromtheperspectiveoftheuserwho
desiresanewcapability.AUserStoryshouldfocusonthewho,whatandwhyofa
feature,nothow.Theuserstorywilltypicallyfollowasimpletemplate:Asa<typeof
user>,Iwant<somegoal>sothat<somereason>.
Stornoaccounting(n)~Thepracticeofusingnegativenumberstoreverseoriginal
journalaccountentries.
story(n)~Adocumentareathatcontainsarangeoftextdistinctfromotherareasoftextin
adocument.Forexample,ifadocumentincludesbodytext,footnotes,andheaders,it
containsamaintextstory,footnotesstory,andheadersstory.
storyboard(n)~Aviewoftheworkspacethatdisplaysthesequenceofyourclips.
storyboard(n)~Acollectionoftransitionsappliedtooneormoreanimationvariables
overtime.
storyboard(n)~Aconceptualizationoftheuserinterfaceanduserinteractionsfora
softwarecompontent.
storyboardlink(n)~Atypeofworkitemlinkthatisusedtolinkworkitemsto
storyboardfiles.
storyboardshape(n)~Ashapeorgraphicalobjectthathasbeenaddedtoastoryboardor
toastoryboardshapesfile.
Storyline(PN)~TheSwayfeaturethatallowsuserstoedit,add,reorder,delete,and
structuretheirSwaycontent.
storyline(n)~AconcisesynopsisofthemainplotofafilmorTVshow.
storytelling(n)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstosharestorieswithothersusingtheirdigital
photosandphotomanagementsoftware.
straightlinedepreciation(n)~Amethodofdepreciationthatcalculatesthedepreciation
ofafixedassetasafixedamountineachdepreciationperiod.
straightquotationmark(n)~Thecharacter.’
straightenaphoto(v)~Toadjusttheaxisofaphotosothatobjectsinthephotoappear
level,typicallywithuseofanimageeditingtool.
Straightenphoto(PN)~Thepanelitemtheimage-levelingfeatureinWindowsLive
PhotoGallery.Whentheitemisclicked,thefeatureautomaticallyadjuststhephoto
accordingtoitsbestinterpretationofthehorizontalaxis.Italsodisplaysaslider,which
allowssomeonetomakefurtheradjustments.Thephotoisautomaticallycroppedas
needed.
straight-lineservicelifedepreciationmethod(n)~Amethodofdepreciationthat
calculatesthedepreciationofafixedassetasafixedamountineachdepreciationperiod.
straight-lineserviceliferemainingdepreciationmethod(n)~Amethodofdepreciation
thatcalculatesthedepreciationofafixedassetasafixedamountineachdepreciation
period.Therewillbeadifferenceinthedepreciationamountcalculatedbetweenstraight-
lineserviceliferemainingandstraight-lineservicelifewhenthereisanadjustmentposted
totheasset.
StrategicMergerorAcquisitionEvaluation(n)~Atemplatethataddresses,froma
StrategicBusinessDevelopmentperspective,thegeneralactivitiesthatacompanygoes
throughtodeterminetheirbusinessgrowthstrategy.-Theroadmapincludesunderstanding
marketposition,evaluatingtrade-offsbetweenmergers/acquisitionsandinternal
development,evaluatingM&Acandidatesandplacingvaluationontargetcompanies.
Strategy(PN)~TheGamessubcategorycontaininggamesthatrequirestrategytowin,
oftenpolitical/militaryinnature.
strategy+simulation(PN)~Agamecategorythatemphasizesstrategicdecisionmaking
orsimulationofreal-lifeactivities.
strategymap(n)~Aperformancemanagementtoolforvisuallypresentingan
organization’sororganizationalunit’sobjectivesandgoals,theirgroupingsofobjectives
andgoals,andtheirmappingsofobjectivesandgoalstothemes,initiatives,KPIs,targets,
businessprocesses,andactionplans.Eachiteminthevisualizationcontainsasetof
metadata,whichitselfiscustomizable.
StrawberryBatterButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallows
theplayertoselectstrawberrybatterfortheircake.
StrawberryIcingButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethatallows
theplayertoselectastrawberryicingfortheircake.
stream(v)~Totransferdigitaldatainacontinuousflowacrossanetwork.
stream(n)~Digitalmediathatisdeliveredinacontinuousflowacrossanetwork.
stream(n)~PacketsdeliveredbyaWindowsMediaserverthatareconsumedbyclients
withoutcaching.ForaWebserverwithSmoothStreaminginstalled,theexperienceis
similar,exceptthatthedatacanbecachedbyclients,thoughthiscanbepreventedby
applyingCacheControlheaderdirectivesintheSmoothStreamingfeature.
stream(n)~Theflowofdatafromasourcetoasinglereceiverthatflowsthrougha
channel,asopposedtopackets,whichmaybeaddressedandroutedindependently,
possiblytomultiplerecipients.
stream(n)~Anabstractionofasequenceofbytes,suchasafile,anI/Odevice,aninter-
processcommunicationpipe,aTCP/IPsocket,oraspooledprintjob.Therelationship
betweenstreamsandstoragesinacompoundfileissimilartothatoffilesandfolders.
stream(n)~Chronologicallistofpoststomonitorthatmatchuser-definedcriteria.
StreamAnalytics(n)~Ahighlyscalableevent-processingenginethathelpsuncoverreal-
timeinsightsfromdevices,sensors,infrastructure,applicationsanddata.
streamconsumer(n)~Thestructureordevicethatconsumestheoutputofaquery.
Examplesareanoutputadapteroranotherrunningquery.-
streamformat(n)~Informationaboutthepropertiesofastream,suchasthecodecsused,
framerate,andframesize.Aplayerusesstreamformatinformationtodecodeastream.
streamformatfile(n)~Afileusedbyaplayertodecodeamulticaststream.
Stream,streaming~Videooraudiothatplayswhilestilldownloading,ratherthanyou
havingtowaittillthedownloadhasfinished.
stream-basedconversion(n)~?AmodeofWordAutomationServicesinwhichtheinput
andoutputoftheconversionarestreams,ratherthanfilesonthesite.
streaming(n)~Amethodofdeliveringdigitalmediaacrossanetworkinacontinuous
flow.Thedigitalmediaisplayedbyclientsoftwareasitisreceived.Typically,streaming
makesitunnecessaryforuserstodownloadafilebeforeplayingit.
Streaming~StreamingisthetransferofdatainacontinuousstreamovertheWeb
(usuallyaudioorvideo)thatallowstheusertoplayitasitarrives.However,toreceive
thiscontentyoumusthavetherightplug-infortheapplicationsuchasRealPlayer?,
QuickTime?viewer,etc.
streamingbuffer(n)~Asecondarysoundbufferthatcontainsonlypartofasound.Its
datamustberefreshedasitisplaying.
streamingreservedunit(n)~Aresourceunitreservedforon-demandstreaming.
StreamingSIMDExtensions(n)~Asingleinstruction,multipledatainstructionset
extensiontothex86architecture,containinginstructionsworkingmostlyonsingle
precisionfloatingpointdatatogreatlyincreaseperformancewhenexactlythesame
operationsaretobeperformedonmultipledataobjects.Typicalapplicationsaredigital
signalprocessingandgraphicsprocessing.
StreamInsight(PN)~Theplatform,consistingoftheStreamInsightserver,EventFlow
Debuggingtool,VisualStudioIDE,andothercomponents,forthedevelopmentof
complexeventprocessingapplications.
StreamInsightEventFlowDebugger(PN)~Astand-alonetoolintheMicrosoft
StreamInsightplatformthatprovidesevent-flowdebuggingandanalysis.
StreamInsightplatform(n)~Theplatform,consistingoftheStreamInsightserver,Event
FlowDebuggingtool,VisualStudioIDE,andothercomponents,forthedevelopmentof
complexeventprocessingapplications.
StreamInsightserver(n)~Thecoreengineandadapterframeworkcomponentsof
MicrosoftStreamInsight.TheStreamInsightservercanbeusedtoprocessandanalyzethe
eventstreamsassociatedwithacomplexeventprocessingapplication.
streamline(v)~Tomakeeasier;toeliminateunnecessarysteps.
stream-thinning(n)~Theprocessofloweringtheframerateofsourcevideotoreduce
thebandwidthrequiredforstreamingtobelowerthanorequaltotheavailableclient
bandwidth.Ifnecessary,thevideoportionofthestreammaystopstreamingandonlythe
audioportionstreamed.
Streetside(PN)~StreetlevelimagerythatenablesuserstoexperienceBingMapsfrom
thestreetlevel.Streetsidesupplementsmaps,directionsandlocalsearch.
strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,andthreatsanalysis(n)~Ananalysisofthe
internalandexternalenvironmentalfactorsperformedaspartofdevelopingthe
organizationalstrategy.
stresstest(n)~Atestdesignedtodeterminetheresponseofasystemunderload.
stresstest(n)~Atestthatdeterminesanapplication’sbreakingpointsandpushesthe
applicationpastitsupperlimitsasresourcesaresaturated.
stretch(v)~Toadjustthesizeofanitemtofititscontainer.
Stretch(v)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
stretch(v)~Azoom-ingesturerepresentedbytwofingerswithatleastoneofthem
movingawayfromeachotheratanyangle,withinanacceptabletolerance.
stretch(v)~Totouchanitemwithtwoormorefingersandthenspreadthefingersapart.
stretchgesture(n)~Azoom-ingesturerepresentedbytwofingerswithatleastoneof
themmovingawayfromeachotheratanyangle,withinanacceptabletolerance.
strictmode(n)~AstatethatappliesasetofrestrictionstoJavaScriptcode.
STRIDE(n)~Amethodofcategorizingthreattypes.Thesethreattypesinclude:spoofing
identity,tamperingwithdata,repudiation,informationdisclosure,denialofservice,and
elevationofprivilege.
strikethrough(adj)~Pertainingtoaformattingstyleinwhichcharactersarecrossedout
byhorizontalline.
strikethroughgesture(n)~Amovementofyourtabletpenthatthatcreatesaformatting
styletoinkinwhichcharactersarecrossedoutbyahorizontalline.
string(n)~Agroupofcharactersorcharacterbyteshandledasasingleentity.Computer
programsusestringstostoreandtransmitdataandcommands.Mostprogramming
languagesconsiderstrings(suchas2674:gstmn)asdistinctfromnumericvalues(suchas
470924).
stringcollectioneditor(n)~Aneditorthatenablesuserstoviewandchangethelistof
stringsforcontrolssuchaslistboxesandcomboboxes.
stringcomparison(n)~Theuseofanoperatortodeterminewhetheronestringisgreater
thanorequaltoanotherstring.UsetheOptionComparestatementtospecifybinary(case
sensitive)ortext(non-casesensitive)comparison.
Stringdatatype(n)~Afundamentaldatatypethatholdscharacters,onecharacterper2
bytes.Afixed-lengthstringcancontain1to64Kcharacters;avariable-lengthstringcan
contain1to2billion.
stringdelimiter(n)~Atextcharacterthatsetsapartastringembeddedwithinastring.
stringexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatevaluatestoasequenceofcontiguous
characters.Elementsoftheexpressioncanbe:functionsthatreturnastringorastring
Variant(VarType8);astringliteral,constant,variable,orVariant.
stripline(n)~Horizontalorverticalrangesthatsetthebackgroundpatternofthechartin
regularorcustomintervals.Youcanusestriplinestoimprovereadabilityforlookingup
individualvaluesonthechart,highlightdatesthatoccuratregularintervals,orhighlighta
specifickeyrange.
stripe(n)~Horizontalorverticalrangesthatsetthebackgroundpatternofthechartin
regularorcustomintervals.Youcanusestriplinestoimprovereadabilityforlookingup
individualvaluesonthechart,highlightdatesthatoccuratregularintervals,orhighlighta
specifickeyrange.
stripedmediaset(n)~Amediasetthatusesmultipledevices,amongwhicheachbackup
isdistributed.
stripedvolume(n)~Adynamicvolumethatstoresdatathatisallocatedalternatelyand
evenly(instripes)acrosstwoormorephysicaldisks.
stroke(n)~Alinestyleresemblingnaturalmediapaintstrokesorphotorealisticimages
thatyoucanapplytoanobject.
stroke(n)~Thesetofdatathatiscapturedinasinglependown,up,ormovesequence.
strongconsistency(n)~Ascenariowherehighavailabilityisenabledandthereismore
thanonecopyofacachedobjectinthecachecluster.Allcopiesofthatobjectremain
identical.
strongencryption(n)~Encryptionusingalongerkey(e.g.128bit).
StrongLanguage(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
StrongLyrics(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
strongname(n)~Anamethatconsistsofanassembly’sidentity-itssimpletextname,
versionnumber,andcultureinformation(ifprovided)-strengthenedbyapublickeyanda
digitalsignaturegeneratedovertheassembly.Becausetheassemblymanifestcontainsfile
hashesforallthefilesthatconstitutetheassemblyimplementation,itissufficientto
generatethedigitalsignatureoverjusttheonefileintheassemblythatcontainsthe
assemblymanifest.Assemblieswiththesamestrongnameareexpectedtobeidentical.
strongpassword(n)~Apasswordthatcannotbeeasilyguessedorcracked.Astrong
passwordisatleasteightcharacterslong,doesnotcontainallorpartoftheuser’saccount
name,andcontainsatleastthreeofthefourfollowingcategoriesofcharacters:uppercase
characters,lowercasecharacters,numbers,andsymbolsfoundonthekeyboard(suchas!,
@,#).
StrongSexualContent(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainment
SoftwareRatingBoard(ESRB).
strongly-typed(adj)~Pertainingtoacollectionelementwhosetypematchestheactual
typeoftheelementsstoredinthesamecollection,ratherthanthetypeofabaseclass.
struct(n)~Acompounddatatypethatistypicallyusedtocontainafewvariablesthat
havesomelogicalrelationship.Structscanalsocontainmethodsandevents.Structsdonot
supportinheritancebuttheydosupportinterfaces.Astructisavaluetype,whileaclassis
areferencetype.
structuralediting(n)~Editingthatoccurswithinastructureddocumentsuchasawell-
formedXMLdocument.
structure(n)~Thedesignandcompositionofaprogram,includingprogramflow,
hierarchy,andmodularity.
structure(n)~Auser-definedvaluetypethat,similartoaclass,cancontainconstructors,
constants,fields,methods,properties,indexers,operators,andnestedtypes.Unlike
classes,however,structuresdonotsupportinheritance.
Structure(PN)~TheSwayDesignfeaturethatallowsuserstochangethenavigationand
layoutmodelofaparticularSwaydocument.
structuredparallelism(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,parallelcodethatisscheduled
andfinishedinthelexicalscopefromwhichitstarts.Underthestructuredparallelism
model,ataskdoesnotfinishuntilitschildtasksfinish.
structuredprogramming(n)~Programmingthatproducesprogramswithcleanflow,
cleardesign,andadegreeofmodularityorhierarchicalstructure.
StructuredQueryLanguage(n)~Adatabasequeryandprogramminglanguagewidely
usedforaccessing,querying,updating,andmanagingdatainrelationaldatabasesystems.
structuredreference(n)~Areferencetoatableorsubsetofatablebythetablenameand
columnspecifierinsteadofcellcoordinates.
StructuredReferences(n)~Aformulasyntaxthatallowstheusertorefertolistandpivot
datainafriendlierway.
STS(n)~AWebservicethatissuessecuritytokens.Asecuritytokenservicemakes
assertionsbasedonevidencethatittruststowhoevertrustsit.Tocommunicatetrust,this
servicerequiresproof,suchasasecuritytokenorsetofsecuritytokens,anditissuesa
securitytokenwithitsowntruststatement.(Notethatforsomesecuritytokenformats,
thiscansimplybeareissuanceorcosignature.)InActiveDirectoryFederationServices
(ADFS),theFederationServiceisasecuritytokenservice.
STT(n)~TheuseoftheSSL(SecureSocketsLayer),S-HTTP(SecureHTTP),orbothin
onlinetransactions,suchasformtransmissionorcreditcardpurchases.
stub(n)~Aroutinethatcontainsnoexecutablecodeandthatgenerallyconsistsof
commentsdescribingwhatwilleventuallybethere;itisusedasaplaceholderforaroutine
tobewrittenlater.
stubzone(n)~Acopyofazonethatcontainsonlytheresourcerecordsrequiredto
identifytheauthoritativeDNSserversforthatzone.ADNSserverthathostsaparentzone
andastubzoneforoneoftheparentzone`sdelegatedchildzonescanreceiveupdates
fromtheauthoritativeDNSserversforthechildzone.
student(n)~Apersonwhoisenrolledinaclass.
StudioExperimentHours(PN)~TheresourceoftheMachineLearningservicetypeof
theDataServicesserviceforhoursspentinMicrosoftAzureMachineLearningStudio.
Studyaids(PN)~TheEducationsubcategorycontainingappstohelpyoustudyfor
exams.
studygroup(n)~Astudentcollaborationgroupwherestudyingcanbeorganizedand
managedonline.
stuttering(n)~Astheclientrendersthestream,thedisruptionofflowbyeither
repetitionsand/orprolongationsofvideo,orbyshortpauses.
style(n)~Asetofformattingcharacteristicsthatyoucanapplytotext,tables,andlistsin
yourdocumenttoquicklychangetheirappearance.
style(n)~Areusablesetofproperties,resources,andeventhandlersthatcanbeshared
betweeninstancesofthesameobjecttype.
Style(PN)~TheSwayfeaturethatallowsuserstochooseacolorandfontfortheirsway.
Style&fashion(PN)~TheLifestylesubcategorycontainingappsforpeoplewithinterest
infashionandstyle.
stylearea(n)~Averticalareaalongtheleftedgeofthedocumentwindowthatdisplays
thenameoftheparagraphstylethatisappliedtoeachparagraph.
Stylegallery(PN)~ThegallerythatholdsalltheStyleoptionsthatcanbeappliedtoa
sway.
styleinspector(n)~Afloatingtaskpanethatallowsuserstoviewandcustomizespecific
paragraphandtextstyleproperties.
stylepicker(n)~Aninterfaceinwhichtheusercanselectandsetstylesforcertain
elementsonthepage.
stylesheet(n)~Atextfilecontainingcodetoapplysemanticssuchaspagelayout
specificationstopublishedcontent.
styletrigger(n)~Amechanismtoapplypropertyvaluesbasedonspecifiedconditionsto
createvisuallycompellingeffectsandaconsistentappearance.
StylesGuides(PN)~Afeaturewhich,whenactivated,indicatesvisuallywhereautomatic
styleshavebeenappliedinadocument.
stylisticset(n)~Astylisticvariationonafontthatprovidesanalternativetoitsdefault
appearance.
stylus(n)~ApointedinputdevicethatcomeswithamobiledeviceortabletPC,andis
usedtonavigatethroughapplicationsandtoinputinformation.
subchassis(n)~AchassistypethatcanbereportedbytheWin32_SystemEnclosureclass
inWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)andthatreferstoanenclosurethat
facilitatesmechanicalandelectricalattachmenttoamainchassisforasetofcomputer
componentsthatareremovable,indepdentofanycomponentsattachedtothemain
chassis.
subnotebook(n)~AchassistypethatcanbereportedbytheWin32_SystemEnclosure
classinWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)andthatreferstoaclassofsmall
andlightnotebookswithscreenstypicallymeasuringlessthan14inchesdiagonally.
Subprocedure(n)~AVisualBasicforApplications(VBA)procedurethatcarriesoutan
operation,butunlikeaFunctionprocedure,doesnotreturnavalue.
SubSegment(PN)~AfieldontheAccountDetailspartoftheDetailstabthatallowsthe
usertospecifythesegmentmoreclosely.Itindicatesthesizeand/orstrategicimportance
oftheendcustomeranddefinessellingandmarketingmodel/businessprocessusedto
engagewiththeendcustomer.
sub-account(n)~Anaccount,anditsinformation,thatisincludedwithinanotheraccount.
sub-billofmaterial(n)~Abillofmaterialthatmakesupacomponentofanotherbillof
material.
sub-BOM(n)~Abillofmaterialthatmakesupacomponentofanotherbillofmaterial.
subcampaign(n)~Asubdivisionofalargercampaign.
subcategory(n)~Anewcategorythatisbasedonanexistingcategory.Forexample,
insteadoftrackingcomputersalongwithyourotherequipment,youmightwanttocreatea
ComputersubcategoryfromtheEquipmentcategorytotrackthemasaseparategroup.
Similarly,youcanfurtherorganizeaRestaurantscategorytoincludeAmericanand
Chinesesubcategories.
subcollection(n)~Acollectionthatisassociatedwithanothercollectionforthepurpose
ofsoftwaredistribution.
subcommand(n)~Acommandinasubmenu(amenuthatappearswhenauserselectsan
optioninahigher-levelmenu).
subcontact(n)~AsecondarycontactforanAccount(thatis,nottheprimarycontact).
sub-contact(n)~AsecondarycontactforanAccount(thatis,nottheprimarycontact).
subcontracting(n)~Thepracticeofoutsourcingserviceactivitiestovendors.
subcontractor(n)~Anindividualororganizationthatfulfillsallorpartofacontractfrom
anothercontractororsubcontractor.
subdatasheet(n)~Adatasheetthatisnestedwithinanotherdatasheetandthatcontains
datarelatedorjoinedtothefirstdatasheet.
subdirectory(n)~Adirectorycontainedwithinanotherdirectoryinafilesystem
hierarchy.
subdomain(n)~ADNSdomainlocateddirectlybeneathanotherdomainname(the
parentdomain)inthenamespacetree.Forexample,example.microsoft.com’wouldbea
subdomainofthedomain‘microsoft.com’.’
subdomain~Subdomainisawaytodivideyoursiteintosectionswithshortandeasyto
remembernames.Otheruseofsubdomainsmightbetoletsomebodyelseuseyour
account.
subentry(n)~Anindexentrythatfallsunderamoregeneralheading.Forexample,the
indexentryplanets’couldhavethesubentries‘Mars’and‘Venus.”
subexpression(n)~Inregularexpressions,aconcatenationoranalternation,depending
ontheregularexpressiongrammarbeingused.
subform(n)~Aformcontainedwithinanotherformorareport.
subformcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdisplaysasubforminaformorasubformora
subreportinareport.
sub-grid(n)~Agridaddedtoaformbyacustomizerthatprovidesuserswithaccesstoa
groupofrecords,whichareusuallycontextuallyrelated.
subgroup(n)~Agroupofcontactsthatisalsopartofanothergroup,displayedasnested
groupsinthecontactlist.
subheading(n)~Asubordinateheadinginanoutline(inadocument,worksheetorother).
subject(n)~Inpublickeycryptography,anentitythatrequestsorholdsacertificate.A
subjectcanbeauser,acomputer,oranyotherdevicecapableofrequestingorusinga
certificate.
subject(n)~AcategoryusedtoorganizeobjectsintheKnowledgeBase.
subjectalternativename(n)~Anextension(definedinRFC4985)usedtostoreextra
identifiersforasubjectincludingtheUserPrincipalName(UPN)oftheuserthatisused
byWindowsforsmartcardlogonandtheusere-mailaddress(RFC822name).
subjectkeyidentifier(n)~Acertificateextensionthatcontainsahashofthecertification
authority’scertificatepublickey.ThishashisplacedintheAuthorityKeyIdentifier(AKI)
extensionofallissuedcertificatestofacilitatechainbuilding.
subjectline(n)~Thepartofamessageheaderthatisusedbythesendertoindicatethe
objectofthemessage.
SubjectManager(n)~Asub-areaoftheSettingsmodulewherethesubjecttreeis
managed.
subjecttree(n)~Thehierarchicallistofcategoriesusedtocorrelateandorganize
information.
subkey(n)~Anelementoftheregistrythatcontainsentriesorothersubkeys.Atierofthe
registrythatisimmediatelybelowakeyorasubtree(ifthesubtreehasnokeys).
subledgerjournalaccountentry(n)~Anaccountentryinasubledgerjournalaccount.
subledgerjournalentry(n)~Ajournalentryinasubledgerjournal.
submarinecable~Acabledesignedtobelaidunderwater.
submenu(n)~Atypeofdrop-downmenuthatappearswhenauserpointstoacommand
onahigher-levelmenu.
Submissionqueue(n)~Apersistentqueuethatisusedtoholdmessagesthatare
submittedtotheExchangeServerorganizationthroughSMTP-receive,thePickup
directory,orthestoredriver.
submit(v)~Toproposeorsendinsomethingforconsideration,approval,orjudgment.
submodel(n)~Aforecastingmodelthatcanbeusedasacomponentofanothermodel.
subnet(n)~AsubdivisionofanInternetProtocol(IP)network.Eachsubnethasitsown
uniquesubnettednetworkID.
subnetbandwidthmanagement(n)~AnInternetEngineeringTaskForce(IETF)
standardthatenablesadministrativecontrolatthesubnetlevel.
subnetmask(n)~A32-bitvaluethatenablestherecipientofInternetProtocolversion4
(IPv4)packetstodistinguishthenetworkIDandhostIDportionsoftheIPv4address.
Typically,subnetmasksusetheformat255.x.x.x.IPv6usesnetworkprefixnotations
ratherthansubnetmasks.
subnetmask~AbitmaskusedtoselectbitsfromanInternetaddressforsubnet
addressing.
subnetwork(n)~Anidentifiableandseparatepartofanorganization’snetworkidentified
throughIPaddressing.
subnotebook(n)~Anotebookthatissmallerinsizeandlighterinweightthanafull-sized
notebook,whileretainingthesamefunctionality.
subordinateCA(n)~Inapublickeyinfrastructure(PKI)hierarchy,anycertification
authoritythatisnottherootCA.
subordinatecertificationauthority(n)~Inapublickeyinfrastructure(PKI)hierarchy,
anycertificationauthoritythatisnottherootCA.
subordinatecontrol(n)~Atypeofinteroperatingcontrolwhoseavailabilityis
determinedbythestateofanothercontrol(thesuperiorcontrol).
subordinaterecord(n)~Arecord,suchasacontact,thatyoudesignateassubordinateto
amasterrecord.
subordinateserver(n)~Aserverthatdoesnotattempttoresolvequeriesonitsown.
Instead,itsendsallqueriestoforwarders.
subordinateshape(n)~Inanorganizationchart,ashapethatisplacedbelowand
connectedtoasuperior(ormanager)shape.
subpath(n)~Agroupofpathsthatcompriseacompoundpath.
subphase(n)~Asummarytaskthatisnestedwithinanothersummarytask.Withthe
Projectoutliningfeatures,youcandesignatesubphases.
sub-pixelpositioning(n)~Afontrenderingtechniquethattakesadvantageofpartial
pixelstomaketextappearsharperonthescreen.
subproject(n)~Aprojectthatisacomponentofanotherproject.
subquery(n)~ASELECTstatementthatcontainsoneormoresubqueries.
subreport(n)~Areportcontainedwithinanotherreport.
sub-report(n)~Areportthatisdisplayedinasecondwindowwhenauserclicksanitem
inareport.
subreportcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdisplaysasubforminaformorasubformora
subreportinareport.
subroute(n)~Aroutethatmakesupacomponentofanotherroute.
subroutine(n)~Acommontermforroutine,likelytobeusedinreferencetoshorter,
general,frequentlycalledroutines.
subscribe(v)~Tostartusingtheservicesofaserviceprovider,e.g.anInternetaccess
provider.Thesubscribermayormaynotbechargedfortheusedservices.
subscribe(v)~TorequestdatafromaPublisher.
subscribe(v)~Toarrangetoreceiveaproductoruseaserviceregularly.
subscribe(v)~Toselecttheviewstobeloadedontoamobiledevice.
subscribe(v)~Torequestdatafromthedatabus.
subscribed(adj)~Pertainingtoanagentwhoislistedasanagentinthegroupdefinition.
subscriber(n)~InNotificationServices,thepersonorprocesstowhichnotificationsare
delivered.
subscriber(n)~Inreplication,adatabaseinstancethatreceivesreplicateddata.
subscriber(n)~Apersonwhohasindicatedhisorherdesiretobeonamailinglist.
subscriber(n)~Amobileuserwhohasselectedspecificsubscriptionsforhis/hermobile
device.
subscriberaccessnumber(n)~AnumberthatisconfiguredinaPrivateBranch
eXchange(PBX)thatallowsasubscribertoaccesstheirMicrosoftExchangemailbox
overthetelephone.
subscriberdatabase(n)~Inreplication,adatabaseinstancethatreceivesreplicateddata.
subscribingserver(n)~AserverrunninganinstanceofAnalysisServicesthatstoresa
linkedcube.
subscription(n)~Partoftheapplicationmetadatathatspecifiesthedatasource,the
refreshinterval,and,optionally,subscriptionexpiration.
subscription(n)~Anagreementinwhichacustomerprepaysforperiodicorregular
services.
subscription(n)~Aviewthatamobiledeviceuserhasselectedtobeavailableonhisor
hermobiledevice.
subscription(n)~Arequestforacopyofapublicationtobedeliveredtoasubscriber.
subscription(n)~AcollectionofMicrosoftAzureofferingstiedtoasingleLiveID.
Subscription(n)~AnautomatednotificationthatalertsCustomersviaemailwhena
specifiedKnowledgebaseArticleisupdated.
subscriptionadvisor(n)~AMicrosoftpartnerwhoisauthorizedtosellsubscriptionsfor
MicrosoftOnlineServices.Thesubscriptionadvisormayhaveadditionalauthorizationto
offertechnicalsupport.Internally,asubscriptionadvisormaybereferredtoasareseller
SubscriptionCenter(PN)~Anemailmarketingplug-inthatisrequiredtobeaddedtoall
commercialemails.
subscriptioncomputer(n)~Thecomputerofferedtoacustomerbyasolutionprovider
wherethecustomerchoosesfromarangeofpackagedservices,includingacomputer,
genuineWindowssoftware,andbroadbandInternetservices,whichareincludedinone
bill.Computertimeispurchasedforaspecified,regulartimeperiod(forexample,ona
monthlyorquarterlybasis).
subscriptioncomputing(n)~Anapproachinwhichtelephoneandinternetservice
providersofferPCstotheircustomers,whothenhavetheabilitytopayforthemovertime
throughtheirmonthlybill.
subscriptiondatabase(n)~AdatabaseattheSubscriberthatreceivesdataanddatabase
objectspublishedbyaPublisher.
subscriptiondatabase(n)~AdatabaseattheSubscriberthatreceivesdataanddatabase
objectspublishedbyaPublisher.
subscriptioneventrule(n)~Arulethatprocessesinformationforevent-driven
subscriptions.
subscriptionfile(n)~Anaudioorvideofilethatyourentfromanonlinestore,typically
foramonthlyfee.
subscriptiongroup(n)~Aclassificationofsubscriptionsusedforpricing,posting,and
otherwisemanagingsubscriptions.
subscriptionplan(n)~ThetypeofMicrosoftAzuresubscriptionthatdescribesthebilling
rateandothercharges.
subscriptionscheduledrule(n)~OneormoreTransact-SQLstatementsthatprocess
informationforscheduledsubscriptions.
subscriptiontransaction(n)~Atransactionthatmodifiesasubscription.Therearefour
typesofsubscriptiontransactions:regularsubscription,non-regularsubscription,price
change,andreductiondays.
subselect(v)~Toselectindividualshapeswithinagroup.
subset(n)~Aselectionoftablesandtherelationshiplinesbetweenthemthatispartofa
largerdatabasediagram.
subshell(n)~AnewMonadsessionlaunchedasachildofanotherMonadsession.
subsidiary(n)~Acompanycontrolledbyanothercompanyorcorporation.
subsidylock(n)~Atypeofphonelockthatoriginalequipmentmanufacturersembedinto
theirmobilephonesattherequestofmobilephoneoperatorstopreventtheiruseona
cellularnetworkotherthantheoneforwhichthephonewasoriginallyintended.
subsidyPIN(n)~Atypeofpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN),consistingof8digits,
thatisusedtounlockaphone’ssubsidylock.
subsite(n)~AcompleteWebsitestoredinanamedsubdirectoryofthetop-levelWebsite.
substanceflow(n)~Theflowofsubstancesbetweenasourceprocessandadestination
process.
substitute(n)~Adelegatewhostandsinfortheapprovalofadocumentwhentheoriginal
approverisoutofoffice.
substitute(n)~Anitemthatcantaketheplaceofanotheritem.
substituteproduct(n)~Anitemthatcantaketheplaceofanotheritem.
subsystem(n)~Asystemthatispartofanothersystem.
SubsystemforUNIX-BasedApplications(n)~AWindowscomponentthatprovides
platformservicesforUNIXsystem-basedapplications.
subtask(n)~Ataskthatispartofasummarytask.Thesubtaskinformationis
consolidatedintothesummarytask.YoucandesignatesubtasksbyusingtheProject
outliningfeature.
sub-territory(n)~Aterritory,anditsinformation,thatisincludedwithinanother
territory.
Subtitle(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
subtotal(n)~Theadjustedpricevaluemultipliedbythequantityofproductsordered,
providinganoverallsalevalue.
subtotal(n)~Anintermediatepartialsum,quantity,oramount.
subtract(n)~Toperformthebasicmathematicaloperationofdeductingsomethingfrom
somethingelse.
subtract(v)~Tocombinetwoormoreshapesorpathstoresultinasinglepaththat
representstheonlyportionofthelast-selectedobjectthatwasnotoverlappedbyanother
object.
subtree(n)~Anynodewithinatree,alongwithanyselectionofconnecteddescendant
nodes.Intheregistrystructure,subtreesaretheprimarynodesthatcontainkeys,subkeys,
andvalueentries.
successcode(n)~Anexitcodevaluereturnedbyanexecutableprogramthatindicates
thatanoperationcompletedsuccessfully.
successstory(n)~Anaccountofanindividualororganization’sbusinessachievements.
successor(n)~Anactivitythatoccursafteranotheractivityinaseries.Asuccessorcan
have,butdoesnotalwayshave,aprerequisite.
suffixpattern(n)~Theendbytesinagivenstreamofbytes.
Suggested(PN)~TheSwaymenuoptionthatautomaticallysuggestscontentrelatedtoa
user’scurrentswayandallowshim/hertoaddit.
Suggestedcolor(PN)~TheSwayfeaturethatusesanintelligenceplatformtosuggest
coloroptionsbasedonthecontentinauser’ssway.
SuggestedContacts(PN)~AfeaturethatmakesOutlookauto-completelistsavailable
throughthedefaultExchangemailbox.
SuggestedContent(PN)~ThemenuoptioninSwayunderthe-€œAddContent-€?button
thatanalyzestheuser’sSwaytosuggestusefulcontentthatcanbebrowsedoraddedas
desired.
Suggestedsearches(n)~Keywords,phrases,orcontactsthataresuggestedasuserstype.
SuggestedSites(PN)~AsearchfeaturethatallowsInternetExplorertouseyour
browsinghistorytoreturnresultsthatsuggestothersitesthatyoumaylikeorfinduseful.
SuggestedTasks(n)~AlistofWorkstasksreturnedinresponsetokeywordsenteredby
theuserintheToDobox.Whentheusertypesinwords,theappusesthesewordsto
searchtheAnswerWizardtofindsuitabletasksortemplates.
Suggestionsforyou(PN)~Thesuggestedcontentthatisdisplayedondifferentsurface
areasintheoperatingsystem.Contentcanrangefromtipsandtricks,alinktoother
content,anapp,etc.
SuggestiveThemes(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
suite(n)~Asetofapplicationprogramssoldasapackage,usuallyatalowerpricethan
thatoftheindividualapplicationssoldseparately.Asuiteforofficework,forexample,
mightcontainawordprocessingprogram,aspreadsheet,adatabasemanagement
program,andacommunicationsprogram.
Suite~Agroupofprogramswhichcarryoutdifferenttasksbutareintendedtowork
together,suchasMicrosoftOffice.
SuiteB(n)~AsetofcryptographicalgorithmsspecifiedbytheUSNationalSecurity
Agencytoprovideaninteroperablestandardforgovernmentandindustry.
SuiteBalgorithm(n)~OneofasetofcryptographicalgorithmsspecifiedbytheUS
NationalSecurityAgencytoprovideaninteroperablestandardforgovernmentand
industry.
summary(n)~Abriefcontentofalargerdocument.
summary(n)~Ashortenedversionofinformationthatcontainsonlythemainpoints.
summarydata(n)~Forautomaticsubtotalsandworksheetoutlines,allrowsorcolumns
thatsummarizedetaildata.Summarydatausuallyisadjacenttoandbelowthedetaildata.
summaryfunction(n)~AtypeofcalculationthatcombinessourcedatainaPivotTable
reportoraconsolidationtable,orwhenyouareinsertingautomaticsubtotalsinalistor
database.
summaryproject(n)~Aparentprojectthatisusedonlyforstructuringinformationand
againstwhichnotransactionsareregistered.
summaryquery(n)~Thepartofafan-outquerythatcarriesoutpostprocessingtoallow
condensingtheresultsfromthememberquerytodesiredfinalresult-set.
summarytask(n)~Ataskthatismadeupofsubtasksandsummarizesthosesubtasks.
Useoutliningtocreatesummarytasks.Projectautomaticallydeterminessummarytask
information[suchasdurationandcost]byusinginformationfromthesubtasks.
Summarytoolbar(n)~Alistviewtoolbartypeinthetoolbarpicker,thatshowsan
abbreviatedversionofafulltoolbar.
summaryunit(n)~Areportingunitthatsummarizesdatafromlower-levelunits.The
lower-levelunitscanbeeitherdetailunitsorothersummaryunits.
SuperVGA(n)~AvideostandardestablishedbyBESAtoprovidehigh-resolutioncolor
displayonIBM-compatiblecomputers.ThemostcommonlyimplementedSVGAstandard
is1024-x-768pixelscolorresolution.
SuperVideoCD(n)~Anopticaldiscformatusedtostorevideoonstandardcompact
discsdevelopedbyChinaRecordingStandardsCommitteeincompetitiontotheDVD
format.
supervideographicsadapter(n)~AvideostandardestablishedbyBESAtoprovide
high-resolutioncolordisplayonIBM-compatiblecomputers.Themostcommonly
implementedSVGAstandardis1024-x-768pixelscolorresolution.
superclass(n)~Aclassinobject-orientedprogrammingfromwhichanotherclass-a
subclass-isderived.Thesubclassinheritsitsattributesandmethodsfromthesuperclass.
superiorcontrol(n)~Atypeofinteroperatingcontrolthatdeterminestheavailabilityof
anothercontrol(thesubordinatecontrol).
superiorshape(n)~Inanorganizationchart,ashapethatisplacedaboveandconnected
toanyothershape,suchasanemployee(subordinateorcoworkershape)orassistant
shape.
supermarket(n)~Ajust-in-timeinventorylocationthathasfinitecapacity-andisusedto
batchmaterialnearapointofconsumption.
supernode(n)~Arelaypointforpeer-to-peertrafficwherebyusersvolunteertoallow
theircomputertobeusedbyotheruserstoestablishdirectvoicechats,sharefilesand
picturesbyhandlingdataflowandconnectionsforotherusers.
superscope(n)~AnadministrativegroupingfeaturethatsupportsaDHCPserver’sability
tousemorethanscopeforeachphysicalinterfaceandsubnet.Superscopesareuseful
underthefollowingconditions:IfmoreDHCPclientsmustbeaddedtoanetworkthan
wereoriginallyplanned,ifanInternetProtocol(IP)networkisrenumbered,oriftwoor
moreDHCPserversareconfiguredtoprovidescoperedundancyandfault-tolerantdesign
DHCPserviceforasinglesubnet.Eachsuperscopecancontainoneormoremember
scopes(alsoknownaschildscopes’).’
supersedence(n)~Adeploymentbehaviorthatspecifieshownewsoftwarereplaces
existingsoftware.
super-usercredentials(n)~Elevatedcredentialsthathaverightstoaccessobjectsthat
ordinaryuserswithoutelevatedcredentialscan’taccess.
supervisionlist(n)~Thelistofe-mailaddressesorusersthataresubjecttoorexcepted
fromtheactionsoftheclosedcampussupervisionpolicyoranti-bullyingsupervision
policy.
supervisionlistentry(n)~Anindividualitemonthelistofe-mailaddressesorusersthat
aresubjecttoorexceptedfromtheactionsoftheclosedcampussupervisionpolicyor
anti-bullyingsupervisionpolicy.Forexample,abully’se-mailaddresswouldbeanentry
onthesupervisionlistofavictim’
supervisionpolicy(n)~Asetofe-mailpolicysettingsthatcanhelpprimaryand
secondaryschooladministratorscomplywithsomerequirementsoftheChildren’sInternet
ProtectionAct(CIPA).Usingthesepolicysettings,administratorscancontrolwhocan
sende-mailtoandreceivee-mailfromtheusersintheirorganization,andfilterandreject
e-mailthatcontainsobjectionablewords.
supervisormode(n)~Ahighlyprivilegedmodeofoperationwhereprogramcodehas
directaccesstoallmemory,includingtheaddressspacesofalluser-modeprocessesand
applications,andtohardware.
SupplementalAgreement(PN)~Anyagreementthatincorporatesthisagreement,such
asaStatementofServices.
supplementaryitem(n)~Anextraitemthatisaddedtothesalesorpurchaseorderlines
whenacertainquantityofanitemissoldorpurchased.
supplementaryitemgroup(n)~Auser-definedclassificationofsupplementaryitemsthat
havesimilarcharacterisitcs.
supplicant(n)~Anentityatoneendofapoint-to-pointLAN/WLANsegmentthatis
requestingauthenticatedaccesstothenetwork.
suppliedinventorylocation(n)~Theinventorylocationwhereanitemisconsumedand
wherethereplenishmentoftheitemisplanned.
suppliedservice(n)~Aservicethatanemployeereceiveswithouttakingactionor
requestingassistance,suchasautomaticpayrolldeposit.
suppliersite(n)~AWebsitedesignedforthecreationandtransmissionofpurchase
ordersbetweenbusinessesthathaveanestablishedrelationship.
supplychainmanagement(n)~Themanagementofanetworkofinterconnected
businessesinvolvedintheultimateprovisionofproductandservicepackagesrequiredby
endcustomers.
supplyforecast(n)~Anestimateoffutureproductsupply.
supplyplanner(n)~Theemployeewhoisresponsibleforcreatingasupplyplan.
support(n)~Theactivitiesandactionsperformedbycustomerservicerepresentativesto
assistcustomers.
support(n)~Abusinessdepartmentthatdealswithroutineinquiriesandcomplaintsfrom
customers.
supportagent(n)~Auserwhoworksforacompanythatisavalidpartnertenantwhohas
beenassignedeitherlimitedorfulladministrationagentrole.
SupportCenter(n)~AunifiedplacewhereausercanaccessallHelpandSupport
contentandservicesfromMicrosoft,theOEM,andthecorporation.
SupportCount(n)~Adynamicoptionthatdisplaysthenumberofrowsinwhichthe
determinantcolumnvaluedeterminesthedependentcolumn.
SupportPercentage(n)~Adynamicoptionthatdisplaysthepercentageofrowsinwhich
thedeterminantcolumndeterminesthedependentcolumn.
SupportPortal(PN)~ThewebsitethatservesasadashboardforCustomerstosubmit
Tickets,initiateChatRequests,andleavefeedback.
supportprofessional(n)~Anengineerwhospecializesinproductsupport.Support
professionalstalkwithcustomers,investigatetheirissues,andprovidesolutions.
supportsession(n)~Aninteractivesessionbetweenasupportprofessionalanda
customer.
supportteam(n)~Anorganizationorgroupthatisresponsibleforprovidingtechnical
support.
surf(v)~TobrowseamongcollectionsofinformationontheInternet,innewsgroups,in
Gopherspace,andespeciallyontheWorldWideWeb.Asinchannelsurfingwhile
watchingtelevision,usersridethewaveofwhatintereststhem,jumpingfromtopicto
topicorfromoneInternetsitetoanother.
surface(n)~Ashaperepresentingacontinuousareainacoordinatesystem.
surfacearea(n)~Thenumberofwaysinwhichapieceofsoftwarecanbeattacked.
surfacechart(n)~Achartthatshowsathreedimensionalsurfacethatconnectsasetof
datapoints.Asinatopographicmap,colorsandpatternsindicateareasthatareinthe
samerangeofvalues.
SurfaceHub(PN)~Alarge,interactivewhiteboarddeviceforcollaborationand
videoconferencing,designedtoadvancethewaypeopleworktogethernaturally.
SurfaceInput(PN)~Anadministrationapplicationthatcapturestouchinputandsendsit
toaSurfaceapplication.SurfaceInputhasstatusindicatorsinthenotificationareaofthe
Windowsdesktopinadministrationmode.
SurfacePen(PN)~AdigitalpendesignedtoworkwithSurfacePro3andSurface3,
enablingeffortlesswritinganddrawinginanyappthatsupportsinking.
surfacepicking(n)~Theprocessofchoosingwhichinputsurfacecontributesmosttothe
outputsurfaceatacertainpositionontheoutput.Surfacepickingisoftenusedwithmouse
operationstochoosedifferentactionsincodethatdependonwhichimageyouselect.In
caseswhereseveralimagesarealphablendedontheoutputpoint,thetransformcanuse
thealphachannelofeachinputsampletochoosetheinputsurface.
SurfaceShell(PN)~Anadministrationapplicationthatreplicatesusermodewithout
leavingadministratormodesoyoucantestanddebugapplicationswithLauncher.Surface
ShellstartstheShellsothattheSurfaceunitdisplaysthedefaultattractapplicationand
Launcher.
SurfaceSimulator(PN)~Asoftwareapplicationthatdeveloperscanusetosimulate
Surfaceinputfromcontacts,suchasfingersandtaggedobjects,onaseparatecomputer.
SurfaceSimulatorenablesyoutodesignanddevelopSurfaceapplicationswithouta
Surfaceunit.
Surfaceunit(n)~Thesetofhardwarecomponentsthat,togetherwiththeMicrosoft
Surfacesoftware,makeuptheMicrosoftSurfaceproduct.Atahighlevel,aSurfaceunit
consistsofacomputermoduleandtheSurfaceVisionSystemenclosedinaframeand
coveredbytheSurfacetabletop.
Surfing~Inacomputercontext,wanderingaroundthe-WorldWideWeb(whichreally
annoystheguyswiththeboardsandthebigwaves).Alsocalled-websurfing.
surgesuppressor(n)~Anappliancethatprotectscomputersfrompowersurgesand
brownoutsbyprovidingabufferbetweenapowersourceandthecomputer.
surrogatekey(n)~Asingleattributecandidatekeywhosevaluesaresystem-generated
andthatdoesnotrepresentpropertiesthatidentifyobjectsintherealworld.
surrogatetimesheet(n)~AtimesheetthatyoucreateinProjectWebAccessandsubmit
onbehalfofsomeonewhoworksforyou.
survey(n)~AWebsitecomponentthatpresentsuserswithasetofquestionsspecifiedby
thecreatorofthesurveyandcollectsuserresponses.Resultsaretalliedinagraphical
summary.RequiresaWebserverthatisrunningWindowsSharePointServices.
SurvivableBranchAppliance(n)~Atelephonydevicethatkeepsthephonesworkingif
theconnectiontothecentralsiteislost.
SurvivableBranchServer(PN)~AserverrunningWindowsServerthatmeetsspecified
hardwarerequirements,andthathasLyncServerRegistrarandMediationServersoftware
installedonit.LikeSurvivableBranchAppliances,thisdevicecanprovidevoicemail
survivabilityforbranchusersduringaWANoutage.
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer(PN)~Aserverproductforenterprisecomputingby
SUSE.
suspecttape(n)~Atapethathasconflictingidentificationinformation,suchasthe
barcodeortheon-mediaidentifier.
suspend(v)~Tohaltaprocesstemporarily.
suspendedapp(n)~Anapplicationthathasbeendeactivatedorremovedfroma
marketplace,duetoissueswiththeapplication.
suspendedstate(n)~Thestateofaworkflowinstancethathasstoppedprocessing
temporarilybecauseofuserinterventionoraworkflowpolicy.Ausercanresume,cancel,
orterminateasuspendedinstance.
SUT(n)~Asystemthatisbeingtestedforcorrectoperation.
SV(n)~Thedifferencebetweenthebudgetedcostofworkperformed[BCWP]andthe
budgetedcostofworkscheduled[BCWS].Thisiscalculatedasfollows:SV=Budgeted
CostofWorkPerformed-BudgetedCostofWorkScheduled.
SVC(n)~Alogicalconnectionbetweentwonodesonapacket-switchingnetworkthatis
establishedonlywhendataistobetransmitted.
SVCD(n)~Anopticaldiscformatusedtostorevideoonstandardcompactdiscs
developedbyChinaRecordingStandardsCommitteeincompetitiontotheDVDformat.
SVF(n)~Afunctionthatreturnsasinglevalue,suchasastring,integer,orbitvalue.
SVG(n)~AnXML-basedlanguagefordevice-independentdescriptionoftwo-
dimensionalgraphics.SVGimagesmaintaintheirappearancewhenprintedorwhen
viewedwithdifferentscreensizesandresolutions.SVGisarecommendationoftheWorld
WideWebConsortium(W3C).
SVGA(n)~AvideostandardestablishedbyBESAtoprovidehigh-resolutioncolor
displayonIBM-compatiblecomputers.ThemostcommonlyimplementedSVGAstandard
is1024-x-768pixelscolorresolution.
SVVP(PN)~AcertificationprogramforMicrosoftvendorsthatenablesthemtovalidate
variousvirtualizationconfigurationssothatMicrosoftcustomerscanreceivetechnical
supportforWindowsServerinvirtualizedenvironments.
swap(v)~Toswitchbetweenactivecalls.
swapchain(n)~Acollectionofbuffersusedfordisplayingframestotheuser.
SwapDisplays(PN)~AfeatureinPresenterViewthatenablestheusertoswitchwhich
monitorisshowingPresenterViewandwhichmonitorisshowingSlideShow.
swapfile(n)~AhiddenfileontheharddiskthatWindowsusestoholdpartsofprograms
anddatafilesthatdonotfitinmemory.Thepagingfileandphysicalmemory,orrandom
accessmemory(RAM),comprisevirtualmemory.Windowsmovesdatafromthepaging
filetomemoryasneededandmovesdatafrommemorytothepagingfiletomakeroom
fornewdata.
swapVIP(v)~Toswapthestagingenvironmentwiththeproductionenvironmentofa
cloudservice.
swapvirtualIP(v)~Toswapthestagingenvironmentwiththeproductionenvironment
ofacloudservice.
swash(n)~Adecorativeglyphthatuseselaborateornamentationoftenassociatedwith
calligraphy.
swatch(n)~Acollectionofpresetcolors.Typicallyitappearsintoolbardropdownas
smallsquaresfilledwiththecolors.
swatch(n)~Asolidcolor,gradient,orimagesamplethatissavedinordertobeeasily
recalledtoapplyasafillorstroke.
Sway(PN)~Thewebappthatallowsuserstoputtogetherdifferenttypesofcontent,such
astext,imagesandvideos,usinganinteractiveonlinecanvasthatcanbesharedand
embeddedonothersites.
Sweep(PN)~ThemenuinHotmailthatincludesactionsacustomermaytakeonthe
contentsofthefolderthatiscurrentlydisplayed.Someactionsdrawcontextfroma
selectedmessage.Forexample,ifsomeoneselectsamessage,theycanmoveallordelete
allmessagesfromthatsender.Ifnomessageisselected,theactionsoccuratafolderlevel,
suchasmarkingallmessagesinthefolderasread,ordeletingallmessagesinthefolder.
sweep(v)~Toundertakee-mailcleanupactionsinHotmailviatheSweepmenu.
sweepangle(n)~Thenumberofdegrees,between0and360thatthescalewillsweepina
circle.Asweepangleof360degreesproducesascalethatisacompletecircle.
SWIFTcode(n)~Aninternationalidentificationcodeusedtoidentifyfinancial
institutionsforinternationalmoneytransfers.
swimlane(n)~Inanactivitydiagram,awayofassigningresponsibilitytoactionstates.
Swimlanesarecolumnswithsolidverticallinesoneachside.Eachswimlanerepresents
theresponsibleclass,person,ororganizationalunit.
Swing(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#83.
swipe(v)~Tomoveyourfingerinonequicksweepacrossafingerprintreaderfor
authenticationwithadeviceorcomputer.
swipe(n)~Toslideamachine-readablecardthroughamagneticstripereader.
swipe(v)~Toquicklyslideafingerforashortdistance.
swipe(n)~Agesturerepresentedbyaquickslideofafingeroverashortdistance.
swipegesture(n)~Agesturerepresentedbyaquickslideofafingeroverashortdistance.
switch(n)~Adeviceusedtoconnectcomputersonanetworkthatforwardspacketsto
specificportsratherthanbroadcastingeverypackettoeveryport.
switch(n)~Acircuitelementthathastwostates,onandoff.
switch(v)~Tochangethemodalityofaconversationfrom,say,voicecalltovideo,
startingfromapop-upnotification.
switch~Adevice,suchasaPBX,thatrespondstooriginatorsignalsandconnectsthe
callertothedesiredcommunicationsdestination.
switchintable(n)~Thestagingtabletheuserwantstousetoswitchintheirdata.The
stagingtableneedstobecreatedbeforeswitchingpartitionswiththeManage
PartitionsWizard.-
switchouttable(n)~Thestagingtabletheuserwantstouseforthepartitiontoswitchout
ofthecurrentsourcetable.-
switchparameter(n)~Aparameterthatdoesnottakeanargument.
SwitchSeries/Category(PN)~Acontrolthatallowsuserstoplottheirchartsuchthatthe
x-axisdataappearsonthey-axisandviceversa.
SwitchUser(v)~AUIcommandusedtoswitchbetweenaccountsonadevice.
SwitchVideo(oth)~ThebuttoninaVideoconversationwindowthatswitchesbetween
thelocalandremotevideofeedsinthecurrentvideoconversation.
switcheddigitalvideo(n)~Digitalvideoorservicethatisnotmadeavailableonthe
networkorsystemuntilrequestedbyacustomer.
switchednetwork(n)~Acommunicationsnetworkthatusesswitchingtoestablisha
connectionbetweenparties,suchasthedial-uptelephonesystem.
switchedvirtualcircuit(n)~Alogicalconnectionbetweentwonodesonapacket-
switchingnetworkthatisestablishedonlywhendataistobetransmitted.
switchinghub(n)~Acentralnetworkdevice(multiporthub)thatforwardspacketsto
specificportsratherthan,asinconventionalhubs,broadcastingeverypackettoevery
port.Inthisway,theconnectionsbetweenportsdeliverthefullbandwidthavailable.
switchover(n)~Anadministrator-initiatedactioninwhichoneormorepassivecopiesof
themailboxdatabasearebeingactivatedanddesignatedastheactivecopy.An
administratorcanperformadatabaseswitchover,whichistheactivationofasingle
mailboxdatabasecopy,oranadministratorcanperformaserverswitchover,whichisthe
activationofmultiplemailboxdatabasecopies.
swizzle(v)~Toreorderdatawithinasurfacesoastoincreasetheefficiencyofaccessing
thedatawithinthesurface.
SWOTanalysis(n)~Ananalysisoftheinternalandexternalenvironmentalfactors
performedaspartofdevelopingtheorganizationalstrategy.
SYLKfile(n)~AfileconstructedwithaproprietaryMicrosoftformat,usedprimarilyfor
exchangingspreadsheetdatainsuchawaythatformattinginformationandintercellular
datavaluerelationshipsarepreserved.
syllabus(n)~?Asummaryofclassinformation,suchasthecoursenameanddescription,
ascheduleoflessonsandassignments,andevaluationcriteria.
Symbian~Ajointventurelaunchedin1998byPsion,Ericsson,NokiaandMotorolato
developPsion’sEPOC32operatingsystemintoareal-timeoperatingsystemforhandheld
phonesandPDAs.Matsushita,NTTDoCoMo,SiemensandSunMicrosystemshavesince
joined.
symbol(n)~Anidentifierinhumanreadablelanguagethatreferstoalocationincompiled
code,suchasafunctionorvariable.Symbolsareusedindebugging.
symbol(n)~Ageneraltermthatencompassesmanytypesofidentifiersinprogramming
languages,includingnamespaces,classes,functions,andvariables.
symbolstore(n)~Acollectionofindexedsymbolfiles,whicharedebug(.dbg)or
programdatabase(.pdb)filesthatcontaindebugginginformationforWindows-based
applications.Thisstoreisusedbydebuggerstoretrievedebugginginformationassociated
withproductreleases.Allsymbolscanbestoredonthesamesymbolserverandretrieved
withouthavingtoknowtheassociatedproductnames,releases,orbuildnumbers.
symboliclink(n)~Adiskdirectoryentrythattakestheplaceofadirectoryentryforafile
butisactuallyareferencetoafileinadifferentdirectory.
symmetricencryption(n)~Anencryptionalgorithmthatrequiresthesamesecretkeyto
beusedforbothencryptionanddecryption.Becauseofitsspeed,symmetricencryptionis
typicallyusedwhenamessagesenderneedstoencryptlargeamountsofdata.
symmetrickey(n)~Thecryptographickeyusedtobothencryptanddecryptprotected
contentduringpublishingandconsumption.
symmetricmultiprocessing(n)~Amultiprocessingoperationinwhichmultiple
processorssharethesamememory,whichcontainsonecopyoftheoperatingsystem,one
copyofanyapplicationsthatareinuse,andonecopyofthedata.Becausetheoperating
systemdividestheworkloadintotasksandassignsthosetaskstowhateverprocessorsare
available,SMPreducestransactiontime.
symmetricalnumberpattern(n)~ASudokupatternwherethegame-generatednumbers
aresymmetricallyplacedontheboard.
symmetric-keycryptography(n)~Atypeofcryptographythatusessymmetrickeysto
provideconfidentiality.
SymphonicRock(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#94.
Symphony(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#106.
SymptomChecker(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsausertocheckmedicalsymptomsto
diagnoseillness.
sync(v)~Toreconcilethedifferencesbetweenfiles,e-mail,appointments,andotheritems
storedononecomputer,deviceorinthecloudwithversionsofthesamefilesonanother
computer,deviceorinthecloud.Oncethedifferencesaredetermined,bothsetsofitems
areupdated.
sync(n)~Theprocessofreconcilingthedifferencesbetweendatastoredinonelocation
andacopyofthesamedatastoredinanotherlocation.
Sync(PN)~Amenuitemthatinitiatestheprocessofsynchronization.
SyncCenter(PN)~AnitemontheControlPanelthatprovidesuseracomprehensive
viewoverallroamedcontent,aswellasabilitytocheckonthesynchronizationprogress
ofindividualitems.
syncconflict(n)~Aconflictthatoccurswhendatadifferencesbetweendatastoredinone
locationandaversionofthesamedatainanotherlocationcannotbereconciled.
syncerror(n)~Aproblemthatpreventssyncfromcompleting.Syncerrorsaretypically
causedbyproblemswiththedevice,networkfolder,orothercomputeryouaretryingto
syncwith.
syncgroup(n)~Acollectionofdatabasesthatareconfiguredformutualsynchronization
bythesynchronizationservice.
syncjob(n)~Ascheduledsynchronizationtask.
syncloop(n)~Aseriesofsynchronizationsthatisrepeateduntilaterminatingcondition
isreached.
SyncManager(n)~Atoolusedtoensurethatafileordirectoryonaclientcomputer
containsthesamedataasamatchingfileordirectoryonaserver.
syncmysettings(PN)~Afeaturethatallowsyoutosyncsomeofthesettingsonyour
phoneacrossallofyourWindows8devices.
SyncPane(n)~ApanelinSyncWizardthatshowsthedevicesandthecontenttobe
synchronized.
syncpartnership(n)~AprofileinSyncManagerthatspecifieshowandwhenfilesare
synchronizedbetweentwolocations(suchasbetweenadesktopcomputerandalaptop).
syncschedule(n)~Thetimesthatwilltriggerautomaticsynchronizationbetweena
deviceandExchangeServereverytimeanitemarrivesorismodifiedinExchangeServer.
SyncSlider(PN)~AfeaturethatallowsanOutlookusertolimittheamountofemaildata
thatissynchronizedlocallyintheirofflineOutlookDataFile(.ost),basedontheageof
theitems.ThisapproachhelpsmaximizeOutlookperformanceondevicesthathaveavery
limitedamountoflocalstorage.
SyncWizard(n)~Aone-timeDeviceSetupwizardthatcomesupthefirsttimeyouattach
aparticularportablemusicdevicetotheplayer.
Syncedfolder(PN)~Thetooltipdisplayedwhenpointingtoapersonalfoldericononthe
ManagefolderspageontheWindowsLiveDeviceswebsite.
Syncedfolders(PN)~Thewebpagesubheadingforthelistofsyncedfolders.
synceduser(n)~Auseraccountinacloudserviceorotherseparatesystemthatis
synchronizedwiththelocalActiveDirectorydirectoryservice.
SyncEngine(n)~
synchronization(n)~Thematchingoftimingbetweencomputersonanetwork,or
betweencomponentsofacomputer,sothatallarecoordinated.
synchronization(n)~TheprocessbywhichDPMtransferschangesfromtheprotected
servertotheDPMserver,andappliesthechangestothereplicaoftheprotectedvolume.
synchronization(n)~Theprocessofreconcilingthedifferencesbetweendatastoredin
onelocationandacopyofthesamedatastoredinanotherlocation.
synchronizationapplication(n)~Asoftwarecomponent,suchasapersonalinformation
managerormusicdatabase,thathostsasynchronizationsessionandinvokes
synchronizationproviderstosynchronizedisparatedatastores.
synchronizationconflict(n)~Aconflictthatoccurswhendatadifferencesbetweendata
storedinonelocationandaversionofthesamedatainanotherlocationcannotbe
reconciled.
synchronizationengine(n)~
synchronizationentity(n)~ANavisionorOutlookobjectcontainingdatatobe
synchronized.Navisionobjectsaretablesandfields;Outlookobjectsareitems,
collections,andproperties.
synchronizationexception(n)~AsettingintheNavisionSynchronizationadd-inthat
defineswhichcategoriesofOutlookitemsshouldnotbesynchronized.
synchronizationfilter(n)~Afiltertopreventobjectsinthemetaversefrombeing
transferredtotheILM2’database.’
synchronizationjob(n)~Ascheduledsynchronizationtask.
synchronizationlevel(n)~AhierarchicalstructureconsistingofNavisionentitiesand
specificOutlookitemsthattheyshouldbemappedto.
synchronizationlog(n)~Ahiddenfile,storedonaprotectedvolume,inwhichtheDPM
FileAgentrecordschangestodatasincethelastsynchronizationjob.
synchronizationloop(n)~Aseriesofsynchronizationsthatisrepeateduntilaterminating
conditionisreached.
synchronizationmanager(n)~Atoolusedtoensurethatafileordirectoryonaclient
computercontainsthesamedataasamatchingfileordirectoryonaserver.
SynchronizationManager(n)~Atoolusedtoensurethatafileordirectoryonaclient
computercontainsthesamedataasamatchingfileordirectoryonaserver.
synchronizationprovider(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatallowsareplicato
synchronizeitsdatawithotherreplicas.
Synchronizationreport(n)~ADPMreportthatprovidesstatisticsonthesuccessor
failureofsynchronizationjobs,andillustratespatternsoffailure.
synchronizationsession(n)~Aunidirectionalsynchronizationinwhichthesource
providerenumeratesitschangesandsendsthemtothedestinationprovider,whichapplies
themtoitsstore.
synchronizationwithconsistencycheck(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertocheckfor
andcorrectinconsistenciesbetweenaprotectedvolumeanditsreplica.
synchronize(v)~Toreconcilethedifferencesbetweenfiles,e-mail,appointments,and
otheritemsstoredononecomputer,deviceorinthecloudwithversionsofthesamefiles
onanothercomputer,deviceorinthecloud.Oncethedifferencesaredetermined,both
setsofitemsareupdated.
SynchronizedAccessibleMediaInterchange(n)~AnExtensibleMarkupLanguage
(XML)-basedlanguageusedtospecifyclosedcaptionsinmultiplelanguagesandstyles.
synchronizedcopy(n)~Acopyofadepartmentthatyoucreateonanewpageofalarge
organizationchart,sothatyoucandeterminehowyourchartbreaksacrosspages.When
youcreateasynchronizedcopy,anychangesyoumakeappearinboth.
synchronous(adj)~Pertainingtoapplicationsorcommandsrunintheorderlistedand
thatmustfinishbeforethenextapplicationorcommandisrun.
synchronousconversion(n)~?AmodeofWordAutomationServicesinwhichrequests
areprocessedsynchronously,ratherthaninbatches.
synchronousdataexchange(n)~Astyleofprocessingwhereanapplicationrequeststhat
aneventoccursandwaitsfortheeventtocomplete,sothattheapplicationiscertainofthe
resultofitsrequestbeforeitproceeds.
synchronousdatalinkcontrol(n)~Atypeoflinkserviceusedformanaging
synchronousdatatransferoverstandardtelephonelines(switchedlines)orleasedlines.
ThedatatransmissionprotocolmostwidelyusedbynetworksconformingtoIBM’s
SystemsNetworkArchitecture(SNA).SDLCissimilartotheHDLC(High-levelData
LinkControl)protocoldevelopedbytheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization
(ISO).
synchronousevent(n)~Aneventwhosehandlerrunsinthesameprocessingthreadas
theactionthatraisedtheevent.Theactioncannotcontinueuntilprocessingiscomplete
fortheeventhandler.
synchronous-commitfailoverset(n)~Withinagivenavailabilitygroup,asetoftwoor
threeavailabilityreplicas(includingthecurrentprimaryreplica)thatareconfiguredfor
synchronous-commitmode,ifany.
Syncingfoldersandprogramsettings(PN)~Thelistitemforreportingthatthesyncing
foldersandprogramsettingsfeatureisproblematic.Thelistisdisplayedintheproblem
reportingutilitybuiltintobetaversionsofWindowsLiveSync.
syndicatedcontent(n)~Adistributionmechanismforfrequently-updatedcontentthatis
aggregatedbyanRSSreaderanddeliveredorpublishedinastandardXMLformat.The
contentisoftensummarized,withlinkstoamorecompleteversion.
syndicationformat(n)~Aformatusedforpublishingdataonblogsandwebsites.
synonym(n)~Awordwiththesamemeaningasanotherinthesamelanguagebutoften
withdifferentimplicationsandassociations.
syntacticvalidation(n)~TheprocessofconfirmingthatanXMLfileconformstoits
schema.
syntax(n)~Therulesgoverningtheformationofacommand-linestatement,includingthe
orderinwhichacommandmustbetyped,andtheelementsthatfollowthecommand.
syntax(n)~Thegrammaticalpatternofwordsinalanguage.
syntaxchecker(n)~Aprogramforidentifyingerrorsinsyntaxforaprogramming
language.
syntaxerror(n)~Anerrorinthegrammaticalstructureofthecodeorexpression.
synthetictransaction(n)~Afeaturethatcanbeusedtotesttheavailabilityor
performanceofagivenserviceorapplicationfromtheperspectiveofanenduser,orto
confirmthefunctionalityofalowlevelservice.
Synthpop(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#147.
SysRqkey(n)~AkeyonsomeIBMandcompatiblekeyboardsthatisintendedto
providethesamefunctionastheSysReqkeyonanIBMmainframecomputerterminal:to
resetthekeyboardortochangefromonesessiontoanother.
sysadmin(n)~Thepersonresponsibleforsettingupandmanaginglocalcomputers,
stand-aloneservers,memberservers,ordomaincontrollers.Anadministratorperforms
suchdutiesasassigninguseraccountsandpasswords,establishingsecurityaccesslevels,
watchingforunauthorizedaccess,allocatingstoragespace,andhelpinguserswith
networkingproblems.
SYSKEY(n)~Atoolusedtoconfigurethestartupkey,arandom,128-bit,symmetric
cryptographickeycreatedatsystemstartupandusedtoencryptalloftheuser`ssymmetric
cryptographickeys.
Syspart(n)~AprocessthatexecutesthroughanoptionalparameterofWinnt32.exe.Used
forcleaninstallationstocomputersthathavedissimilarhardware.Thisautomated
installationmethodreducesdeploymenttimebyeliminatingthefile-copyphaseofSetup.
Sysprep(PN)~Atoolthatpreparestheharddiskonasourcecomputerforduplicationto
destinationcomputers.
system(n)~Asetofitemsordevicesworkingtogethertoaccomplishatask.
system(n)~Anyapplicationorprocessthatyouwanttomodel.Examplesofsystems
includeacomputergame,aprocessforassemblingmicrochips,andalibraryinformation
system.
System(PN)~AnAPIforaccessingandmanagingsystemresources.
systemaccesscontrollist(n)~AnACLthatcontrolsthegenerationofauditmessagesfor
attemptstoaccessasecurableobject.Theabilitytogetorsetanobject’sSACLis
controlledbyaprivilegetypicallyheldonlybysystemadministrators.
systemadministration(n)~Therangeofactivitiesofasystemadministrator.
systemadministrator(n)~Thepersonresponsibleforsettingupandmanaginglocal
computers,stand-aloneservers,memberservers,ordomaincontrollers.Anadministrator
performssuchdutiesasassigninguseraccountsandpasswords,establishingsecurity
accesslevels,watchingforunauthorizedaccess,allocatingstoragespace,andhelping
userswithnetworkingproblems.
SystemAgent(n)~Anagentthatmonitorscheckpointsforpotentialthreatsmaking
unauthorizedorhazardouschangestoyourcomputer,suchasalteringyoursecurity
permissionsorsystemsettings.
systemAPIcall(n)~Atransitionfromusertokernelmode.
SystemApplications(PN)~AtabintheWindowsServerCentro’AdministrationConsole
thatprovidesaccesstoplug-insformanagingthird-partyapplications.’
systemboard(n)~Theprimarycircuitboardinacomputerthatcontainsmostofthebasic
componentsofthesystem.
systemboundary(n)~Inausecasediagram,aboundarysurroundingtheusecasesthat
indicatesthesystem.Youcanresizethesystemboundarybydraggingaselectionhandle
ontheSystemBoundaryshape.
systembuilder(n)~Anyonewhoassemblessystems,andthenprovidesthemtoasolution
providerorOEMswhobrandsandsellsthesystems.
systemcaret(n)~Thelocationwheretextorgraphicswillbeinserted.Alsousedfortext
boxcontrolstoindicateinputfocus.
SystemCenterAuditForwardingservice(PN)~Theservicethatisusedbyan
OperationsManageragenttobeanAuditCollectionServices(ACS)forwarder,which
sendsinformationaboutsecurityeventstothemanagementserverthatisactingasthe
ACScollectorwhenAuditCollectionisenabled.
SystemCenterConfigurationManager(PN)~Asystemsmanagementsoftwareproduct
formanaginglargegroupsofPCsandservers,keepingsoftwareup-to-date,setting
configurationandsecuritypolicies,andmonitoringsystemstatuswhilegivingusers
accesstopreferredapplicationsfromthedevicestheychoose.
SystemCenterDataAccessservice(PN)~AWindowsservicethatrunsonthe
managementserversineachmanagementgroup,andthatallowsclientapplicationsto
accessOperationsManagerdataandfunctionality.
SystemCenterEssentials(PN)~AmanagementsolutionspecificallydesignedforIT
professionalsworkinginmidsizebusinesseswhooftenfaceITchallengessimilartothose
oflargerenterprises-troubleshootinguserproblems,automatingmanagementtasks,
managingmultiplesystems,anddiagnosingandresolvingITproblems.
SystemCenterEssentialsConsole(n)~TheuserinterfacethatprovidesaccesstoSystem
CenterEssentialfeatures.
SystemCenterEssentialsSetupWizard(n)~Awizardthatguidestheuserthroughthe
intialconfigurationofSystemCenterEssentials,afterithasbeeninstalled.
SystemCenterGlobalServiceMonitor(PN)~Acloud-basedservicethatmonitorsthe
availabilityofexternalweb-basedapplicationsfrommultiplelocationsaroundtheworld.
SystemCenterManagementAPMservice(n)~Aservicethatprocesseseventscollected
fromthemonitoredsystems.
SystemCenterManagementHealthservice(n)~TheWindows-basedservice
responsibleforexecutingmanagementpacksaspartoftheOperationsManageragentand
servercomponents.
SystemCenterVirtualMachineManager(PN)~AmemberoftheMicrosoftSystem
Centersuiteofmanagementproducts,MicrosoftSystemCenterVirtualMachineManager
2007(SCVMM)enablesenterprise-widemanagementofvirtualmachines.
SystemCenterVirtualMachineManagerserver(PN)~Theserverwhichisusedtorun
SystemCenterVirtualMachineManager.
systemclass(n)~AclassthattheCIMObjectManagerdefinestosupportcorefeatures
suchaseventnotification,security,andlocalization.Asystemclassisautomatically
definedineachnamespace.
systemclock(n)~Theelectroniccircuitinacomputerthatgeneratesasteadystreamof
timingpulses—thedigitalsignalsthatsynchronizeeveryoperation.Thesystemclock
signalispreciselysetbyaquartzcrystal,typicallyataspecificfrequencybetween1and
50megahertz.Theclockrateofacomputerisoneoftheprimedeterminantsofitsoverall
processingspeed,anditcangoashighastheothercomponentsofthecomputerallow.
systemcolor(n)~Acolorthatisdefinedbytheoperatingsystemforaspecifictypeof
monitorandvideoadapterandthatisassociatedwithaspecificpartoftheuserinterface,
suchasawindowtitleoramenu.
systemconfiguration(n)~Inreferencetoasinglemicrocomputer,thesumofasystem’s
internalandexternalcomponents,includingmemory,diskdrives,keyboard,video,and
generallylesscriticaladd-onhardware,suchasamouse,modem,orprinter.Software(the
operatingsystemandvariousdevicedrivers),theuser’schoicesestablishedthrough
configurationfilessuchastheAUTOEXEC.BATandCONFIG.SYSfilesonIBMPCs
andcompatibles,andsometimeshardware(switchesandjumpers)areneededtoconfigure
theconfiguration’toworkcorrectly.Althoughsystemconfigurationcanbechanged
SystemConfigurationChecker(n)~Asystempreparationtoolthathelpstoavoidsetup
failuresbyvalidatingthetargetmachinebeforeasoftwareapplicationisinstalled.
systemcontext(n)~ThestateofWindowsafteritfirststartswhensomesystemservices
areloadedbutnouserisloggedinandper-usersettingsarenotavailable.
systemcontrolarea(n)~Anareainthetaskbarthatshowsiconsfornetwork
connectivity,volumecontrol,clock,andonlaptopsandTabletcomputers,thebattery.
systemcontrolmodule(n)~Thepowersupplythatcontrolspoweringupthecomputer
motherboardandallotherdevicesthatrequirepowerinthesystem.TheSCMoperatesat
alltimeswhenthesystemispluggedintoanelectricaloutlet.
systemcurrencyunit(n)~Acurrencyunitthatisusedasthedefaultcurrencyunitifno
currencyunitisspecifiedwhenenteringmonetaryamounts.
SystemDataSourceName(n)~Adatasourcenamethatcanbeusedbyanyprocesson
thecomputer.
systemdatabases(n)~AsetoffivedatabasespresentinallinstancesofSQLServerthat
areusedtostoresysteminformation.
systemdefinition(n)~Thedefinitionofasystem.
SystemDesigner(n)~Thedesignerusedtocreateandeditsystemdiagrams.
systemdevice(n)~Adeviceonasystemboard,suchasaninterruptcontroller,keyboard
controller,real-timeclock,DMApageregister,DMAcontroller,memorycontroller,FDC,
IDEport,serialandparallelport,PCIbridge,andsoon.Intoday’sPCs,thesedevicesare
typicallyintegratedinthesupportingchipset.
systemdiagram(n)~Thediagramusedtodesignanapplicationsystemcomposedfrom
applicationsorothersystems.Thesystemdiagram(.sd)filecontainsinformationbasedon
theSystemDefinitionModel(SDM).
systemdisk(n)~Adiskthatcontainsanoperatingsystemandcanbeusedtoboota
computer.
systemdrive(n)~Thedriveletterofthemass-storagedevice(usuallyaharddisk)where
Windowsisinstalled.
SystemDSN(n)~Adatasourcenamethatcanbeusedbyanyprocessonthecomputer.
systemengineer(n)~AMicrosoftemployeewhoassistsoneormorespecificroyalty
OEMsastheypreparetomanufacturecomputersthatwillusetheversionofWindowsthat
iscurrentlyunderdevelopment.
systemerror(n)~Asoftwareconditionthatrenderstheoperatingsystemincapableof
continuingtofunctionnormally.Thistypeoferrorusuallyrequiresrebootingthesystem.
systemevent(n)~AneventtriggeredbyWindowssystemcomponentsthatisrecordedin
thesystemlog,suchasthefailureofadriverorothersystemcomponenttoloadduring
startup.
systemfunctions(n)~Asetofbuilt-infunctionsthatperformoperationsonandreturnthe
informationaboutvalues,objects,andsettingsinSQLServer.
systemgesture(n)~Agesturethatemulatesamousemessage,suchasleft-click,double-
click,right-click,left-drag,right-drag,andhover.
systemhealth(n)~AmodelusedinWindowsServerCentro’todescribetheproper
functionandperformanceofkeyservers
systemhealthagent(n)~Aclientsoftwarecomponentthatdeclaresaclient’shealthstate
(byprovidingastatementofhealth)toaNAPagent.
systemhealthvalidator(n)~Aserversoftwarecounterparttoasystemhealthagent
(SHA).Asystemhealthvalidatorverifiesthestatementofhealth(SoH)madebyits
respectiveSHA.
SystemHealthValidatorpoint(n)~ThetoolintheConfigurationManagerconsolethat
isusedtobrowsethestatusmessagesintheConfigurationManagersitedatabase.
systeminfo(n)~Theinformationaboutacomputerthat’sderivedfromtheSystem
Informationprogram.
SystemInformation(PN)~Aprogramthatshowsdetailsaboutacomputer’shardware
configuration,computercomponents,andsoftware,includingdrivers.
systemjob(n)~Aprocesswhoseexecutioncanproceedindependentlyorinthe
background.Otherprocessesmaybestartedbeforetheasynchronousprocesshasfinished.
systemlanguage(n)~Thedefaultlanguagethatisusedbytheapplicationtext
localizationsystem.
systemlog(n)~Arecordofeventsthataregeneratedbytheoperatingsystem
components.
systemmanagementBIOS(n)~ABIOSdevelopedtoenablesystem-relatedinformation,
suchasinformationabouthardware,tobegatheredfromcomputersonanetwork.
systemmanagementinterrupt(n)~Aninterruptgeneratedbythehost-controller-
emulationhardwarewhenauniversalserialbus(USB)keyboardormousedataisreceived
andsteeredbythehostcontrollerhardwaretoaSystemManagementInterrupt(SMI)or
thestandardhostcontrollerinterrupt.
SystemManagementMode(n)~Amodeusedbysomesystems,typicallyportable
computers,toperformspecializedkeystrokeorotherprocessinginBIOSfirmware.While
inSMM,theprocessordoesnotfieldinterruptsthataddtointerruptserviceroutine(ISR)
latencies.
systemmediapool(n)~InRemovableStorage,oneoftwoclassesofmediapools:system
andapplication.Thesystemmediapoolholdscartridgesthatarenotinuseandincludes
freemediapools,unrecognizedmediapools,andimportmediapools.
systemmenu(n)~Amenuthatcontainscommandsyoucanusetomanipulateawindow
orcloseaprogram.Youclicktheprogramiconattheleftofthetitlebartoopenthis
menu.Thecontextmenuofawindowreplacesthismenu.
systemmigration(n)~Themovementofanexistingsystemfromadevelopmentor
stagingenvironmentintoaproductionorliveenvironment.
systemofunits(n)~Asetofunitsusedformeasurementorexchange.
systemonachip(n)~Achipthatintegratesmostofallofthebasiccomponentsofa
computer,includingmicroprocessorsandnecessarysupportcomponents.SOCtechnology
isusedinfirewalls,gateways,specializedservers,andinteractivedevices.
systempartition(n)~Thepartitionthatcontainsthehardware-specificfilesneededto
loadWindows(forexample,Ntldr,Osloader,Boot.ini,Ntdetect.com).Thesystem
partitioncanbe,butdoesnothavetobe,thesameasthebootpartition.
SystemPreparationTool(PN)~Atoolthatpreparestheharddiskonasourcecomputer
forduplicationtodestinationcomputers.
systemprofile(n)~Thedefault,predefinedtemplatesthatcontainthenecessarytechnical
detailsforencodingaparticularpieceofcontent.
systemprompt(n)~Ashortaudiorecording,installedontheExchangeUnified
Messagingserver,thatisplayedtocallersbytheserver.Systempromptsmaybeusedto
welcomecallers,toinformthemoftheiroptionswhentheyusethesystem,andtomake
themawareofimportantinformationandofeventsanderrorsthathaveoccurred.
systemproperty(n)~ApropertythattheCIMObjectManagerdefinestoprovide
informationthatappliestoeachclass(forexample,name,derivation,andnamespace).
SystemProtection(n)~AWindowstechnologythatprotectsOSresources(files,folders
registrykeys)andpreventsapplicationsandadministratorsfrommakingchangestoa
computer’sresourcesinanarbitraryway.
systemrating(n)~Anumberthatgivesageneralindicationoftheperformancecapability
ofyourcomputer’shardware.
SystemRecovery(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatenablesuserstoeasilyrollbacktheirPC
toanearliergoodstatewhilekeepingtheirdatasafe.
systemrequirements(n)~Aminimumhardwareconfigurationofacomputer(typically
relatestoCPUspeedandtype,sizeofRAM,freespaceonharddisk,andpresenceof
otherdevicessuchassoundcard,CD-ROM,etc.)neededtorunasoftwareprogramonit.
SystemRestore(n)~Atoolthatletsyourestoreyourcomputertoapreviousstate,ifa
problemoccurs,withoutlosingyourpersonaldatafiles(suchasMicrosoftWord
documents,browsinghistory,drawings,favorites,ore-mail).
systemroleassignment(n)~Roleassignmentthatappliestothesiteasawhole.
systemroledefinition(n)~Roledefinitionthatconveyssite-wideauthority.
systemservices(n)~Agroupofintegratedservicesthatenablesyoutoaccessinformation
fromandinteractwithyourMicrosoftDynamicsAXinstallation.
systemstatistics(n)~Informationaboutthetechnology,suchastypeofbrowser,thata
Websitevisitorusestoaccessthesite.
systemstoredprocedures(n)~AsetofSQLServer-suppliedstoredproceduresthatcan
beusedforactionssuchasretrievinginformationfromthesystemcatalogorperforming
administrationtasks.
systemtable(n)~Atablethatstoresthedatadefiningtheconfigurationofaserverandall
itstables.
systemtables(n)~Built-intablesthatformthesystemcatalogforSQLServer.
systemtime(n)~Thesystemclocktime.
SystemTray~AnareaontherighthandendoftheWindows-Taskbar-whichdisplays
iconsrepresenting-TSRspresentlyrunning,usuallyatleastaloudspeakerwhich
representsthevolumecontrolforthesoundcard,andaclock.ProgramsintheSytemTray
areoftenbutnotalwayslaunchedfromthe-StartUpfolder.
Systemunit(orbox)~Theunitwiththediskdriveswhichthekeyboard,monitoretcare
pluggedintoonadesktopcomputer.Inotherwords,theactualcomputer.
systemupgrade(n)~Anupgradeofasystemfromanexistingorolderversiontoanewer
ormorerecentversion.
systemvariable(n)~AvariableprovidedbyDTS.
systemview(n)~Aviewthatisdefinedforallentitiesandcannotbedeletedorshared.
SystemViewwindow(PN)~Asimplebrowserprovidinganoutlineviewofavailable
applicationsandsystemsusedasadragsourcetocreatereferencestoApplicationSystems
ontheApplicationConnectionDesigner,SystemDesignerandtheSystemDeployment
Designer.
systemvolume(n)~Thefirstvolumethatisaccessedwhenacomputerstartsup.This
volumecontainsthehardware-specificfilesthatarerequiredtoloadWindowsand
includesthecomputer’sbootmanager(forloadingmultipleoperatingsystems).Generally,
thesystemvolumecanbe,butisnotrequiredtobe,thesamevolumeastheoperating
systemvolume.
system-definedfinancialdimensiontype(n)~Afinancialdimensionmappedtoatable
orviewinthedatabasethatrepresentsanentitytypeandwhosevaluesareinthedomain
ofoneattributeofthatentitytype.
system-€“DPIaware(adj)~Pertainingtoanapplicationthatalwaysrendersatthesystem
DPIsetting,whichiscalculatedbyWindowsbasedontheprimarydisplayatfirstlogon.
systemroot(n)~ThepathandfoldernamewheretheWindowssystemfilesarelocated.
Typically,thisisC:\Windows,althoughyoucandesignateadifferentdriveorfolderwhen
youinstallWindows.Youcanusethevalue%systemroot%toreplacetheactuallocation
ofthefolderthatcontainstheWindowssystemfiles.Toidentifyyoursystemrootfolder,
clickStart,clickRun,type%systemroot%,andthenclickOK.
SystemsApplicationArchitecture(n)~AnIBM-developedstandardfortheappearance
andoperationofapplicationsoftwarethatwillgiveprogramswrittenforallIBM
computers—mainframecomputers,minicomputers,andpersonalcomputers—asimilar
lookandfeel.SAAdefineshowanapplicationinterfaceswithboththeuserandthe
supportingoperatingsystem.TrueSAA-compliantapplicationsarecompatibleatthe
sourcelevel(beforebeingcompiled)withanySAA-compliantoperatingsystem—
providedthesystemiscapableoffurnishingalltheservicesrequiredbytheapplication.
systemsintegrator(n)~Apersonororganizationthatdevelopsenterpriseapplicationsby
integratinghardwareorsoftwareprovidedbyindependentvendors.
SystemsNetworkArchitecture(n)~AnetworkmodeldevisedbyIBMtoenableIBM
products,includingmainframes,terminals,andperipherals,tocommunicateandexchange
data.
system-under-test(n)~Asystemthatisbeingtestedforcorrectoperation.
SYSVOL(n)~Ashareddirectorythatstorestheservercopyofthedomain`spublicfiles,
whicharereplicatedamongalldomaincontrollersinthedomain.
T~
T1(n)~AU.S.telephonestandardforatransmissionfacilityatdigitalsignallevel1
(DS1)with1.544megabitspersecondinNorthAmericaand2.048megabitspersecondin
Europe.Thebitrateistheequivalentbandwidthofapproximatelytwenty-four56-kilobits-
per-secondlines.AT1circuitiscapableofservingaminimumof48modemsat28.8
kilobitspersecondor96modemsat14.4kilobitspersecond.T1circuitsarealsousedfor
voicetelephoneconnections.AsingleT1linecarries24telephoneconnectionswith24
telephonenumbers.Whenitisusedforvoicetransmission,aT1connectionmustbesplit
into24separatecircuits.
T3(n)~AU.S.telephonestandardforatransmissionfacilityatdigitalsignallevel3
(DS3).T3isequivalentinbandwidthto28T1s,andthebitrateis44.736megabitsper
second.T3issometimescalleda45-megcircuit.
TA(n)~Atwo-waydeviceprovidedbyacableproviderthatenablessomeone-waydigital
CableCARD-basedconsumerelectronicdevicessuchashigh-definitionDVRsandMedia
CenterPCstoaccessdigitalcablechannelsdeliveredusingswitcheddigitalvideo.
tab(n)~AclickableUIelementdesignedtolooklikeatabonafilefolder.Tabsare
usuallyarrangedhorizontallyandallowuserstoswitchbetweenrelatedpagesor
webpages.
Tab(PN)~Theon-screenkeyboardkeythattraditionally(asinwordprocessing)isused
toinserttabcharactersintoadocument.
tabcharacter(n)~Acharacterusedtoalignlinesandcolumnsonscreenandinprint.
Althoughatabisvisuallyindistinguishablefromaseriesofblankspacesinmost
programs,thetabcharacterandthespacecharacteraredifferenttoacomputer.Atabisa
singlecharacterandthereforecanbeadded,deleted,orovertypedwithasinglekeystroke.
tabcontrol(n)~Astandardcontrolthatresemblesanotebookandletstheusernavigate
differentsectionsofinformationwithoutleavingthecurrentelementonthescreen.
tabdelimited(adj)~Havingvaluesseparatedfromeachotherbytabs.
tabgesture(n)~InTabletPCInputPanel,anactiongesturethatperformsthesameaction
aspressingtheTABkeyonthekeyboard.
TABkey(n)~Akeyboardkey,oftenlabeledwithbothaleft-pointingandaright-pointing
arrow,thattraditionally(asinwordprocessing)isusedtoinserttabcharactersintoa
document.Inotherapplications,suchasmenu-drivenprograms,theTABkeyisoftenused
tomovetheon-screenhighlightfromplacetoplace.
taborder(n)~TheorderinwhichtheTABkeymovestheinputfocusfromonecontrolto
thenextwithinadialogbox.Usually,thetaborderproceedsfromlefttorightinadialog
box,andfromtoptobottominaradiogroup.
tabpage(n)~ApartofatabcontrolthatconsistsofthetabUIelementandthedisplay
area,whichactsasacontainerfordataorothercontrols,suchastextboxes,comboboxes,
andcommandbuttons.
TabPeek(PN)~Afeatureinthebrowserthatallowstheusertohoveroveropenbrowser
tabsandseethumbnailsoftheunderlyingwebpage.
TabSelector(PN)~TheUIcontrolcontainingtabsthatdonotappeardirectlyinthe
ribbonbecauseoflimitedscreenspace.
tabset(n)~InInternetExplorer,asetoftabsyoucanstoreinyourFavoritesorasHome
Pagetoreopenalltabsinthesetinonego.
tabbedbrowsing(n)~AfunctionofsomeWebbrowsersthatallowsuserstosurfand
viewmultiplepagesbyloadingWebsitesintosections(ortabs)ofonepage,ratherthan
multiplepages.
tabbedconversation(n)~Aconversationthatisdisplayedwithotherconversationsin
onewindow.Theconversationsareloadedintosectionsortabsofthewindow,ratherthan
inmultiplewindows.
tabbedconversations(n)~ApresentationmethodinMessengerthatallowssomeoneto
maintainmultipleconversationsinatabbedview.
tabbeddockingbar(n)~Thehostcontrolforagroupofdockablewindows.Once
docked,eachwindowchangesform,becomingatab.
tabbedgroup(n)~Inamultipledocumentinterface(MDI)application,asetofchild
windowsthathavetabbordersandaredockedtogetherintheclientareaofthe
application.Toundockachildwindowfromthegroup,dragitbyitstab.
tabify(v)~Toconverttotabsaccordingtotabsettings.
table(n)~Oneormorerowsofcellscommonlyusedtodisplaynumbersandotheritems
forquickreferenceandanalysis.Itemsinatableareorganizedintorowsandcolumns.
table(n)~Adatabaseobjectthatstoresdatainrecords(rows)andfields(columns).The
dataisusuallyaboutaparticularcategoryofthings,suchasemployeesororders.
table(n)~AspecificinstanceintheTableservicethatrepresentsacollectionofentities.
Entitiesaresimilartorows.Anentityhasapartition,aprimarykeyandasetofproperties.
tabledataregion(n)~Areportitemonareportlayoutthatdisplaysdatainacolumnar
format.
TableDesigner(PN)~AvisualdesignsurfacethatisusedtocreateandeditTSQLtables
andtablerelatedobjects.
TableHierarchy(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupsofinformation
builtfromtoptobottom,andthehierarchieswithineachgroup.Thislayoutdoesnot
containconnectinglines.
tablelayout(n)~Thelayoutofaforminwhichallelementsarepositionedincellswithin
atable.
TableList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupedorrelatedinformation
ofequalvalue.ThefirstLevel1lineoftextcorrespondstothetopshapeanditsLevel2
textisusedforthesubsequentlists.
tablelock(n)~Alockonatableincludingalldataandindexes.
tablelookup(n)~Theprocessofusingaknownvaluetosearchfordatainapreviously
constructedtableofvalues:forexample,usingapurchasepricetosearchataxtablefor
theappropriatesalestax.
tablename(n)~AnameforanExceltable,whichisacollectionofdataaboutaparticular
subjectthatisstoredinrecords(rows)andfields(columns).
tableofauthorities(n)~Alistofthereferencesinalegaldocument,suchasreferencesto
cases,statutes,andrules,alongwiththenumbersofthepagesthereferencesappearon.
tableofcontents(n)~Thelistingofcontentsatthebeginningofadocumentorfile.
tableoffigures(n)~Alistofthecaptionsforpictures,charts,graphs,slides,orother
illustrationsinadocument,alongwiththenumbersofthepagesthecaptionsappearon.
tablepane(n)~TheareaoftheQuerywindowthatdisplaysthetablesinaquery.Each
tabledisplaysthefieldsfromwhichyoucanretrievedata.
tablereference(n)~Aname,expressionorstringthatresolvestoatable.
tablescan(n)~Adataretrievaloperationwherethedatabaseenginemustreadallthe
pagesinatabletofindtherowsthatqualifyforaquery.
Tableservice(PN)~ThedatamanagementserviceinMicrosoftAzureStoragethatstores
largeamountsofstructured,non-relationaldata.TheTableserviceisaNoSQLdatastore
thataccessesauthenticatedcallsfrominsideandoutsideMicrosoftAzure.
tablestyle(n)~Acombinationoftableformattingoptionsidentifiedbyastylename.
table-perhierarchy(n)~Amethodofmodelingatypehierarchyinadatabasethat
includestheattributesofallthetypesinthehierarchyinonetable.
table-per-concretetype(n)~Amethodofmappingtheinheritancewhereeachnon-
abstracttypeinthehierarchyismappedtoseparatetableinthedatabase.Oftenusedwhen
thereareunrelatedtablesthatstorethesamekindsofdatainthedatabase.Forexample,
theProductandDiscontinuedProducttables.
table-per-type(n)~Amethodofmodelingatypehierarchyinadatabasethatuses
multipletableswithone-to-onerelationshipstomodelthevarioustypes.
tablet(n)~Aportablecomputerthatallowsyoutowriteonorinteractwiththescreen.
Tablet~Aportablecomputerwhichconsistsonlyofascreen,usuallywithnokeyboard.
Itiscontrolledusingatouchscreen.ThemostpopularisApple’s-iPad,butallthemajor
manufacturersareproducingthemandtheyarereplacinglatopsinalotofsituations
becausetheyaresomuchlighter.
tabletbutton(oth)~AhardwarebuttononaTabletPC.
tabletmode(n)~AmodethatoptimizesWindowsfortouchwhenakeyboardisnot
attachedtoa2-in-1device.
tabletPC(n)~Aportablecomputerthatallowsyoutowriteonorinteractwiththescreen.
TabletPCInputPanel(oth)~ATabletPCaccessorythatenablesyoutousehandwriting,
speech,oranon-screenkeyboardtoentertext,symbols,numbers,orkeyboardshortcuts.
YoucanuseittointeractwithanyWindows-basedprogram.
TabletPCInputPanelicon(oth)~TheiconthatyoutaptoopenTabletPCInputPanel.
Theiconappearsinthetaskbar.ItalsoappearsnexttoatextentryareawhenInputPanel
isundocked.
TabletPCs~TabletPCswerebroughttomarkettoaddressthelowuseoflaptop
computersinmeetingsandtheslowingoflaptopadoptionintheenterprise.Theyare
designedtobeclosertothepadandpencilthatarethestandardfornotetaking.
tabletpen(n)~ApointedinputdevicethatcomeswithamobiledeviceortabletPC,and
isusedtonavigatethroughapplicationsandtoinputinformation.
TabletSettings(n)~AControlPaneliconinTabletPCs.
tabletop(n)~TheentiretopofaSurfaceunit.Thetabletopincludesthescreen(where
usersinteractwithobjectsandwhereimagesrender)andthediffuser.
table-valuedfunction(n)~Auser-definedfunctionthatreturnsatable.
Tablix(PN)~Adataregionthatcanrenderdataintable,matrix,andlistformat.Itis
intendedtoconveytheuniquefunctionalityofthedataregionobjectandtheusers’ability
tocombinedataformats.
Tablixdataregion(PN)~Adataregionthatcanrenderdataintable,matrix,andlist
format.Itisintendedtoconveytheuniquefunctionalityofthedataregionobjectandthe
users’abilitytocombinedataformats.
tabulardata(n)~Datadisplayedincellsinatable.
tabulardatastream(n)~TheSQLServerinternalclient/serverdatatransferprotocol.
TDSallowsclientandserverproductstocommunicateregardlessofoperating-system
platform,serverrelease,ornetworktransport.
tabularquery(n)~Astandardoperationsuchassearch,sort,filterortransformondatain
atable.
tag(n)~Torequestanalertforaspecificcontactwhenthatcontact’spresencestatus
changes.
tag(n)~Oneormorecharacterscontaininginformationaboutafile,recordtype,orother
structure.
tag(n)~Amarkerusedtoidentifyaphysicalobject.AnRFIDtagisanelectronicmarker
thatstoresidentificationdata.
tag(v)~Toapplyanidentificationmarkertoanitem,case,orpallet.
tag(n)~Amarkerthatcanbeappliedtocontentoritems(likephotosortext)toidentify
certaintypesofinformation.Thisallowstheusertofind,viewandsorttaggeditemswith
ease.
tag(n)~InmarkuplanguagessuchasSGMLandHTML,acodethatidentifiesanelement
inadocument,suchasaheadingoraparagraph,forthepurposesofformatting,indexing,
andlinkinginformationinthedocument.
tag(v)~Toapplyamarkertocontentoritems(likephotosortext)toidentifycertain
typesofinformation.
tag(n)~AgeometricalarrangementofshapesthatdefineavaluethattheSurfaceVision
Systemcanrecognize.Thesegeometricalarrangementsareaddedtophysicalobjects(then
calledtaggedobjects)toworkwithSurfaceapplications(forexample,aglasstilethatacts
asapuzzlepieceinapuzzleapplication).
tag(n)~ApairthatconsistsofanintegeridentifierandaCOMobject.
tag(v)~Mentioningofoneormoreusersinpoststolinkinformationrelatedtothose
users.
tag~InWebpages,tagsindicatewhatshouldbedisplayedonthescreenwhenthepage
loads.
tagcloud(n)~Avisualdepictionofaweightedlist.Thecloudcontainskeywordsortags
associatedwithatextorWebsite,andformatting(e.g.colorand/orsize)isusedto
indicatetherelativeimportanceofeachitem,orfrequencywithwhichitoccurs.
TagContact(n)~Anitemontheright-clickmenuforacontactthatmarkstheselected
contactsotheuserwillreceivealertswhenthiscontactchangesstatus.
TagforPresenceAlerts(PN)~Amenuitemthatmarkstheselectedcontactsotheuser
willreceivepresencealertswhenthiscontact’spresencechangesfromanythingto
AvailableorfromanythingtoUnavailable.
TagforStatusChangeAlerts(PN)~Amenuitemthatmarkstheselectedcontactsothe
userwillreceivepresencealertswhenthiscontact’spresencechangesfromanythingto
AvailableorfromanythingtoUnavailable.
TagInspectorTree(n)~AnitemontheViewmenuthatreferstothehierarchicalHTML
tagstructureofanopenedHTMLdocument.
tagline(n)~Abrief,memorablestatementthatsummarizesthepurposeofan
organizationoremphasizesanimportantaspectofaproductorservice.
tagtree(n)~ThehierarchicalHTMLtagstructureofanopenedHTMLdocumentthat
appearsinataskpanewindow.
tagged~TaggedisasocialnetworkingsitebasedinSanFrancisco,California,United
States,foundedin2004.-http://www.tagged.com/
taggedcontact(n)~Acontactwhosepresencestatusisdisplayedinanalertwheneverit
changes.
taggedcontactsonly(oth)~AnoptionintheOptionsdialogbox,ontheAlertstab,that
displaysalertsonlyforthecontactsthattheuserhastaggedinhiscontactlist.
TaggedImageFileFormat(n)~Ahighresolution,tag-basedimageformatusedfor
scanning,storing,andcombininggraphicimages.
TaggedItems(PN)~AWebPartthatdisplaysallitemsthatbelongtoagiventag.
taggednote(n)~AOneNoteitemthathasbeenmarkedwithanotetag.
taggedobject(n)~Aphysicalobjectthatisopticallyordigitallytaggedtobeused
interactivelywithSurfaceapplications.TheSurfaceVisionSystemcurrentlyrecognizes
bytetagsandidentitytags.
taggedvalue(n)~Akeyword-valuepairthatcanbeattachedtoanymodelelement.The
keywordiscalledatag,anditrepresentsapropertyapplicabletooneormanyelements.
Boththekeywordandthevaluearestrings.
Tags(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoapplycustomordefaultmarkerstoitems(e.g.
OutlookmessagesorOneNotecontent)inordertocategorizeinformationforeasy
retrievalandsorting.
tail-logbackup(n)~Alogbackuptakenfromapossiblydamageddatabasetocapturethe
logthathasnotyetbeenbackedup.Atail-logbackupistakenafterafailureinorderto
preventworkloss.
takeadvantage(v)~Touseforyourbenefit.
Taken(n)~Abuttonthatspecifiesthedatethepicturewastaken.
takttime(n)~Thetimethatittakestoproduceoneunitofaproduct.
Talk(PN)~Abuttonthatinitiatestheprocessofdialingaphonenumber.
talkgroup(n)~Acontactlist,similartoanalias,thatallowsthetalktoreachalistofusers
atoncebythepush-to-talkfunctionality.
TAM(n)~AMicrosoftemployeewhoprovidestechnicalassistancetooneormore
specificroyaltyOEMsastheymanufacturecomputersinstalledwithareleasedversionof
Windows.
Tandems~Switchesthatconsolidatetraffic,reducetrunkgrouprequirements,andswitch
interofficetraffic.
tangent(n)~Thegradientofacurveatapoint.Youcanmodifyacurvethatispartofa
pathobjectbyusingthecontrolhandlesthatrepresentthetangentofthecurve.
tangenthandle(n)~Ahandlethatspecifiesuniquebehaviorforcertainshapes.
TangibleUserInterfaces~theusercontrolsdigitalinformationandprocessesby
manipulatingphysical,real-worldobjectsthataremeaningfulinthecontextofthe
interaction.-
Tango(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#113.
tap(v)~Totouchanitemoncewiththetabletpenandthenliftthepenquickly.
TAP(n)~Acollectionofboundaryscancontrolsignalsthatdefineaserialprotocolfor
scan-baseddevices.Therearefivepins,TCK/clock,TMS/modeselect,TDI/datain,
TDO/dataout,andTRST/reset.
tap(v)~TobrieflypressaUIelementwithyourfingertiporstylustoperformanactivity
(suchaschoosinganactionfromamenuoropeninganitem).
tap(n)~Agesturerepresentedbyplacingafingerorstylusonthescreenandthenlifting
itup.
tap(v)~TotouchanNFC-capabledevicetoatag,anNFCreader,oranotherdeviceto
wirelesslytransfercontentorinformation.
TapandDo(PN)~Agesturethatenablesproximity-basedauthenticationbetweentwo
devices.
tapandhold(v)~Totapadevicescreenandholdone’sfingerorstylusinplace.
TapandHold(PN)~Afeaturethatprovidesaprogressivedisclosuremethodthatremains
activeonlyaslongastheuserholds(pressesdown)theirfingeronthetouchsurface.
TapandSend(PN)~Thefeaturethatallowsyoutotap’aPCorphoneagainstanother
device(orputitclosetoanotherdevice)
tapgesture(n)~Agesturerepresentedbyplacingafingerorstylusonthescreenandthen
liftingitup.
taptoexpand(PN)~AtextstringdisplayedinthestatusbarforCallProgress,alternating
withthecallee’sname,toprompttheuserthathe/shecantapthebartoreturntothecall.
taptomerge(PN)~Atextstringdisplayedinthestatusbarduringaheldcall,alternating
withtheheldcallee’sname,toprompttheuserthattheycantapthebartomergethecalls.
taptoopen(PN)~Atextstringthattheusercantaptoopenafiledownloadedfrom
InternetExplorer.
taptopair(PN)~Atextstringthattheusercantaptoconnectanaccessoryover
Bluetooth.
Taptoshare(PN)~Thefeaturethatallowsyoutotap’aPCorphoneagainstanother
device(orputitclosetoanotherdevice)
taptoswap(PN)~Atextstringsthatappearsinthestatusbarwhentheusercanswitch
betweentheactivecallandthecallonhold.
taptwofingers(v)~Totapwithtwofingersonatouchpadorsimilardeviceatthesame
timeandwitharelativelyshortdistancebetweeneachother.
tape(n)~Athinstripofpolyesterfilmcoatedwithmagneticmaterialthatpermitsthe
recordingofdata.
tapebackup(n)~ASQLServerbackupoperationthatwritestoanytapedevice
supportedbytheoperatingsystem.
tapecatalog(n)~Acatalogthatmapsdatatothetapeonwhichthedataisstored.
tapedrive(n)~Adevicethatcanreadorwritedatatotape.Alibrarycontainsoneor
moretapedrives.
tapelabel(n)~Auniqueidentifierfortape.Fornon-writabletapes,thismaybeaserial
number.
tapelibrary(n)~Adata-storagesystemthatconsistsofremovabletapeandahardware
devicethatcanreadfromorwritetothetape.
tapeset(n)~Anorderedcollectionofbackuptapeswrittentobyoneormorebackup
operationsusingaconstantnumberofbackupdevices.
TAPI(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)usedbycommunications
programstoworkwithtelephonyandnetworkservices.
tareweight(n)~Theweightofanemptycontainerandpackingmaterial,whichis
deductedfromgrossweighttodeterminetheweightofthegoods.
Targa(PN)~AphotorealisticgraphicsfileformatdesignedforsystemswithaTARGA
Truevisiondisplayadapter.
target(n)~Oneormoreexpressionsthatidentifywhere,when,andtowhomcontent
shouldbedisplayed.Youcantargetdemographics,sectionsofaWebsite,orboth.
target(n)~AUniversalNamingConvention(UNC)paththatcorrespondstoanamespace
rootorfolder.
target(n)~Acomputerorcomputergrouptowhichoverridecriteriaisapplied.
target(n)~AsoneaspectofaKPI,thedesiredlevelofperformancewithrespecttoa
specificbusinessgoalorstrategy.Actualvaluesareevaluatedagainstthetargetto
determineKPIscoreandstatus.
target(n)~Thedatabaseonwhichanoperationacts.
targetaction(n)~Anoptionthatspecifiesthatapieceofcontentistobeshownwhenthe
targetismetmoreoftenthanwhenthetargetisnotmet.
TargetApplication(PN)~AnitemstoredintheSecureStoreServicethatmapsusersor
groupstocredentialsneededtoaccessexternaldataorotherresources.
targetaward(n)~Theamountofavariablecompensationawardthatiscalculatedbythe
planbeforecompanyorindividualperformanceistakenintoaccount.Thetargetawardis
whatanemployeewillreceiveifalltargetsarereached.
targetcomputer(n)~Thecomputerthatwillbedistributedtocustomersonwhichyou
installWindows.YoucaneitherrunWindowsSetuponthedestinationcomputerorcopya
masterinstallationontoadestinationcomputer.
targetdevice(n)~AdevicethatreceivesanactionspecifiedbytheOneCare
administrator.Forexample,anexternalharddrivethatisthedesignatedtheplaceforfile
backupwouldbeconsideredtobethetargetdevice’ofthebackupfunction.‘
targetdiagram(n)~Adiagramthatisusedtoshowstepstowardagoal.
targetdirectory(n)~Thedestinationfolderintowhichafileorfilesaretobecopiedor
moved.
targetframe(n)~Thenameofaframeinwhichthetargetpageofahyperlinkis
displayed.Typically,ahyperlinkfromoneframeofaframespage(orframeset)will
supplyasitstargetframeanotherframeoftheframespage.
targetframework(n)~Theversionofthe.NETFrameworkorofSilverlightforwhicha
particularapplicationhasbeencreated.
targetidentifier(n)~OneofuptoeighttargetcontrollersonaSCSI-IIbusthroughwhich
peripheraldevicesareaddressable,eitherasnumberedTIDsoraslogicalunits(LUs)
subordinatetoaparticularTID.
targetincentiveamount(n)~Atargetawardthatisdefinedasaflatawardofcashor
stockaccordingtocompensationlevel.
targetincentivepercent(n)~Atargetawardthatisdefinedasapercentofabasisand
providedincashorstockaccordingtocompensationlevel.Thebasisisusuallythe
annualizedfixedpayrate,butcanalsobeamidpoint,controlpoint,orothercompensation
rangereferencepoint.
targetincrease(n)~Theincreaseofavariablecompensationawardthatiscalculatedby
theplanbeforecompanyorindividualperformanceistakenintoaccount.Thetarget
increaserepresentstheawardthatanemployeewillreceiveifalltargetsarereached.
TargetList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowinterrelatedoroverlapping
information.EachofthefirstsevenlinesofLevel1textappearsintherectangularshape.
Unusedtextdoesnotappear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.Workswellwith
bothLevel1andLevel2text.
targetlogicaldatacenter(n)~Thelogicaldatacenterdefinitiontowhichthesystemis
beingdeployed.
targetmodel(n)~Themodeltowhichdatawillbemoved.
targetpartition(n)~AnAnalysisServicespartitionintowhichanotherismerged,and
whichcontainsthedataofbothpartitionsafterthemerger.
targetPC(n)~AcomputerthatreceivesanactionspecifiedbytheOneCareadministrator.
Forexample,acomputerthatisthedesignatedtheplaceforfilebackupwouldbe
consideredtobethetargetPC’ofthebackupfunction.‘
TargetQuantity(n)~Theamountofinventoryyouwanttokeepbasedonbuying
patterns.Alsothequantityatwhichthesystemwouldorderinventorywhenitreachesthe
reorderpoint.
targetqueue(n)~InServiceBroker,thequeueassociatedwiththeservicetowhich
messagesaresent.
targetserver(n)~Aserverthatreceivesjobsfromamasterserver.
targetterm(n)~Theequivalentofasourceterminatargetlanguage.
targettype(n)~Thetypeoftarget,whichhascertaincharacteristicsandbehavior.
targetvalue(n)~AsoneaspectofaKPI,thedesiredlevelofperformancewithrespectto
aspecificbusinessgoalorstrategy.Actualvaluesareevaluatedagainstthetargetto
determineKPIscoreandstatus.
targeting(n)~Theprocessofdeliveringspecificcontenttospecificusers.
targetsfile(n)~InthecontextofMSBuild,anXMLfilethatcontainsMSBuildtarget
elementsthatcanbeusedbyoneormorebuildprojects.Atargetelementcontainsoneor
moretaskstobeperformedinabuild.
tarpitting(n)~ThepracticeofartificiallydelayingserverresponsesforspecificSMTP
communicationpatternsthatindicatehighvolumesofspamorotherunwelcomee-mail
messages.Theintentistoslowdownthecommunicationprocessforsuche-mailtrafficso
thatthecostofsendingspamincreasesforthepersonororganizationwhoissendingthe
e-mail.
tarpittinginterval(n)~Theintervalthatisusedtodelayaresponseinatarpitting
scenario.
task(n)~Anactionthatdiagnosesorrepairsaproblem.Ataskcanalsoautomatea
managementprocess.
task(n)~Apersonalorwork-relatedproject,assignment,orerrandtobetrackedthrough
tocompletion.
task(n)~Atypeofworkitemthatrecordsadevelopmenttaskortesttask.
task(n)~AnactionthatauseraccomplishesbyusingtheActionspaneandthecontext-
sensitivemenuthataffectsnon-ServiceManagerobjects.
task(n)~InOperationsManager,anelementinamanagementpackthatismanually
initiatedbyanoperatortorunapredefinedcommandorscriptagainstamonitoredobject.
task(n)~Anatomicactivityassignedtooneormorepersonsorpiecesofequipment
responsibleformeetingtherequirementsoftheactivity.
task(n)~Asingleunitofworkwithinaprescribedsequenceofactions,takentocomplete
ajoborfunction.
task(n)~Anindividualstepdefinedinajobtemplate.
Task(n)~AmilestoneforCSRsthatservesasaremindertoperformcertainActions,
reviewTickets,orothersimilarfunctions.
taskarea(n)~AgroupingofrelatedtasksinDPMAdministratorConsole.Theconsole
hasfivetaskareas:Monitoring,Protection,Recovery,Reporting,andManagement.
taskboard(n)~Initsmostbasicform,ataskboardcanbedrawnonawhiteboardoreven
asectionofwall.Usingelectricaltapeoradryerasepen,theboardisdividedintothree
columnslabeledToDo’
taskcalendar(n)~Thebasecalendarthatyoucanapplytoindividualtaskstocontrol
theirscheduling,usuallyindependentoftheprojectcalendaroranyassignedresources’
calendars.Bydefault,alltasksusetheprojectcalendar.
taskchain(n)~Asequenceoftasksthataredefinedinajobtemplatesothattasksacton
theoutputofprecedingtasksinaworkflow.
taskdelegation(n)~Theprocessofoneteammemberassigningatasktoanotherteam
memberinProjectServer.Whenataskisdelegatedtoanotherteammember,thatteam
memberactuallydoestheworkonthetask.
taskdependency(n)~Arelationshipbetweentwolinkedtasks;linkedbyadependency
betweentheirfinishandstartdates.Therearefourkindsoftaskdependencies:Finish-to-
start[FS],Start-to-start[SS],Finish-to-finish[FF],andStart-to-finish[SF].
taskform(n)~Anarrowandlongformthatappearsinthetaskpane,whichisusedto
viewandeditrelateddataforlookups.
taskgroup(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,aconstructthatenablesrelated,fine-
grainedtaskstobequeuedtoaTaskScheduler.Ataskgroupcanbeusedtoschedule
tasks,waitfortaskstofinish,andcanceltasksthathavenotstarted.
taskID(n)~AnumberthatProjectautomaticallyassignstoataskasyouaddittothe
project.ThetaskIDindicatesthepositionofthetaskwithrespecttotheothertasks.
taskinformation(n)~Informationprovidedaboutaspecifictask.
taskinputpanel(n)~AsmallspaceontheTo-DoBarwheretheusercaninputtasks
directly.ThedefaultlabelreadsTypeanewtask’.’
TaskLauncher(n)~ThestartingpointforallWorksprograms,contacts,appointments,
templatesandprojectsinoneeasytouselocation.
tasklist(n)~AlistoftasksthatappearsintheTasksfolderandintheTaskPadin
Calendar.
TaskList(n)~AlistoftasksthatappearsintheTasksfolderandintheTaskPadin
Calendar.
TaskManager(n)~Atoolthatprovidesinformationaboutprogramsandprocesses
runningonthecomputer.UsingTaskManager,youcanendorrunprograms,end
processes,anddisplayadynamicoverviewofyourcomputer’sperformance.
taskmanager(n)~Agenericserviceusedtoscheduleandruncaller-definedtasks.Atask
managerautomaticallybreaksatransformtaskintothreadsandmanagestheircompletion,
whichimprovestheefficiencyofthetransform
taskobject(n)~ADataTransformationServices(DTS)objectthatdefinespiecesofwork
tobeperformedaspartofthedatatransformationprocess.Forexample,ataskcan
executeanSQLstatementormoveandtransformheterogeneousdatafromanOLEDB
sourcetoanOLEDBdestinationusingtheDTSDataPump.
taskpage(n)~Awindowthatopensontopofanavigationplacewheretheuser
completesaspecifictask.TaskpagescanopeninNew,Edit,VieworSelectionmode.A
taskpagecancontainanyentitiesorlistsofentitiesthattheuserwillneedtoperforma
task,forexample,alistofentities,adocument,acard,ajournaloraworksheet.
taskpane(n)~Theareaofanapplicationwindowthatenablestheuserstoperform
additionaltasks.
TaskPane(PN)~OneofthemajorcontrolsoftheWindowsServerCentro’
AdministrationConsole
taskpaneapp(n)~AnappforOfficethatresideswithinataskpaneinaclient
application.
taskpaneappforOffice(n)~AnappforOfficethatresideswithinataskpaneinaclient
application.
TaskParallelLibrary(n)~AsetofpublictypesandAPIsintheSystem.Threadingand
System.Threading.Tasksnamespacesinthe.NETFrameworkversion4andabove.The
purposeoftheTPListomakedevelopersmoreproductivebysimplifyingtheprocessof
addingparallelismandconcurrencytoapplications.
taskpath(n)~Aseriesoftasksthatincludesthepredecessorsandsuccessorstothetask
thatisselected.
taskreport(n)~Printedinformationaboutaproject’stasksoractivities.Taskreports
usuallyincludeinformationaboutstartdates,workcompleted,andexpecteddurations.
taskrequest(n)~Arequestsentinane-mailmessageaskingtherecipienttocompletea
task.Iftherecipientacceptsthetask,itisaddedtotherecipient’stasklist,andthe
recipientbecomesthenewownerofthetask.
TaskScheduler(n)~Atoolwhichenablesuserstoautomaticallyperformroutinetaskson
achosencomputerbymonitoringwhatevercriteriatheuserschoosetoinitiatethetasks
(referredtoastriggers)andthenexecutingthetaskswhenthecriteriaismet.
TaskScheduler(PN)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,acomponentthatschedulesand
coordinatestasksatruntime.Sometimesreferredtoasascheduler.
tasksequence(n)~ThemechanisminConfigurationManagerforperformingmultiple
stepsortasksonaclientcomputeratthecommand-linelevelwithoutrequiringuser
intervention.
tasksequenceexecutionengine(n)~Anenginethatmanagesthesequenceoftask
execution.
tasktemplate(n)~AnXMLfilethatdescribesatask’sconfigurableproperties.
tasktype(n)~Acharacterizationofataskbasedonwhichaspectofthetaskisfixedand
whichaspectsarevariable.Therearethreetasktypes:FixedUnits,FixedWork,andFixed
Duration.ThedefaulttasktypeinProjectisFixedUnits.
taskview(n)~Aviewthatdisplaystaskinformation.Taskviewsincludethreetaskforms;
examplesincludeCalendar,DetailGantt,GanttChart,MilestoneRollup,PA_PERTEntry
Sheet,TaskEntry,RelationshipDiagram,TaskSheet,andTaskUsage.
Taskview(PN)~Afeaturethathelpscustomersquicklyswitchbetweenalltheopenapps
andprograms,andanydesktopstheycreate.
TaskWell(n)~AnareaintheOutlookCalendarmodulewhereuserscandisplaythetasks
andotheritemsassignedtothatday(orweek).
taskworkspace(n)~Aworkspaceusedtostoretasksandalsotoprovideend-user
collaborationforthem.ATaskWorkspaceLocatorListisrequiredtolocatethe
appropriateworkspaceforaparticulartasktype.
TaskWorkspaceLocatorList(PN)~Alistthatisusedtolookupthelocationofatask
workspace,giventhedetailsofthetasktype.
taskband(n)~Aspecialinstanceofadeskbandonthetaskbarthatcannotbeturnedoffby
theuserandofferstheprimarymeanstoviewandswitchbetweentherunningtasksinthe
Windowssystem.
taskbar(n)~Thebarthatcontainsthe‘Start’buttonandappearsbydefaultatthebottom
ofthedesktop.Youcanclickthetaskbarbuttonstoswitchbetweenprograms.Youcan
alsohidethetaskbar,moveittothesidesortopofthedesktop,andcustomizeitinother
ways.
Taskbar~InWindows,abaracrossthebottomofthescreen(usually-youcanmoveitto
thetoporsideifyouwantto)whichcontainstheStartButton,the-SystemTray,
and-icons-whichrepresentalltheapplicationscurrentlyrunning.Youcanswitchbetween
applicationsbycallingupthetaskbarandclickingontherelevanticon.Thetaskbarcanbe
settoremainvisibleallthetime(thedefault),oronlytoappearwhenyoupress
the-Windowskey.
taskbarbutton(n)~Abuttonthatrepresentsanitemorprogramthatisopenandrunning
onyourcomputer.Forexample,ifyouopenMicrosoftWord,andthenminimizeit,itwill
bedisplayedasataskbarbutton,whichyoucanthenclickwhenyouwanttomaximizeit.
TaskBoard(PN)~AnappthatenablesausertointeractwithtasksinaSharePointlist.A
usercanquicklymovetasksbetweenstatuscategoriestokeepthelistuptodate.
task-orientedHelp(n)~AtypeofHelpthatpresentthestepsinvolvedincarryingouta
particulartask.
TaskPad(n)~ThelistoftasksinCalendar.
Taskspane(n)~ApaneintheServiceManagerconsolethatcontainstasksthatausercan
perform.
Taskspeek(n)~Acontextualsummaryoftheuser’stasklist,whichisdisplayedina
calloutwithoutswitchingtotheTasksmodule.
tax(n)~Achargeleviedbyagovernmentonproducts,activitiesandemployeeor
corporateincometofinancegovernmentexpenditure.
tax(n)~Achargeleviedbyagoverningauthority.
taxauthority(n)~Thegovernmentalagencythattaxesarepaidto.
taxbranch(n)~Abranchofficethatisusedtorecordvalue-addedtax(VAT)and
inventorymovement.AllthebranchofficesofaVAT-registeredlegalentityarereferredto
astaxbranches.Eachtaxbranchusesthesametaxregistrationnumberastheheadoffice
ofthelegalentity.
taxcorrection(n)~Aformthatisusedtofilecorrectionstoanoriginaltaxreturn.
taxcredit(n)~Amonetaryamountthatmaybesetagainstanentityorindividual’stax
liability.
taxexemptnumber(n)~Anidentificationnumberthatisissuedbyataxauthorityto
indicatethatacompanyisnotrequiredtopaysalestax.
taxliability(n)~Agovernmentauthority’slegalclaimtotheassetsofalegalentity.
taxrecovery(n)~Expensesthatareeligibletobefullyorpartiallyrecovered.
taxvariance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenanexpectedtaxandanactualtax.
taxableamount(n)~Anamountthatissubjecttotax.
taxableproduct(n)~Aproductthatissubjecttotaxation.
taxonomy(n)~Aclassificationofwords,labels,tags,etc.intogroupsbasedon
similiarities.
taxpayeridentificationnumber(n)~A9-digitnumberusedtoidentifyanentity
(companyorperson)fortaxreportingpurposesintheU.S.Thereareseveraldifferent
typesoftaxidentificationnumbers,suchasemployeridentificationnumber(EIN),Social
Securitynumber(SSN),individualtaxpayeridentificationnumber(ITIN),andadopted
taxpayeridentificationnumber(ATIN).
TB(n)~Ameasurementusedforhigh-capacitydatastorage.Oneterabyteequals240,or
1,099,511,627,776,bytes,althoughitiscommonlyinterpretedassimplyonetrillionbytes.
TBH~(ToBeHonest)-Internetslang.
TCG(n)~TheorganizationthatsetsstandardsforTrustedPlatformModule(TPM)use
andinterface.
TCO(n)~Specifically,thecostofowning,operating,andmaintainingasinglePC;more
generally,thecosttobusinessesandorganizationsofsettingupandmaintainingcomplex
andfar-reachingnetworkedcomputersystems.Totalcostofownershipincludestheup-
frontcostsofhardwareandsoftwareaddedtolatercostsofinstallation,personneltraining,
technicalsupport,upgrades,andrepairs.Industryinitiativesdesignedtolowerthetotal
costofownershipincludecentralizednetworkmanagementandadministration,aswellas
hardwaresolutionsintheformofnetwork-basedcomputerswithorwithoutlocalstorage
andexpansioncapability.
TCP(n)~TheprotocolwithinTCP/IPthatgovernsthebreakupofdatamessagesinto
packetstobesentviaIP,andthereassemblyandverificationofthecompletemessages
frompacketsreceivedbyIP.
TCPconnectrequest(n)~ThefirstofthreepacketsusedtoestablishaTCPconnection
betweentwocomputers.
TCPport(n)~TheportassignedtohandleTransmissionControlProtocol(TCP)data.
TCPisthetransportlayerprotocolintheTCP/IPprotocolsuite.
TCP/IP(n)~AsetofnetworkingprotocolswidelyusedontheInternetthatprovides
communicationsacrossinterconnectednetworksofcomputerswithdiversehardware
architecturesandvariousoperatingsystems.TCP/IPincludesstandardsforhowcomputers
communicateandconventionsforconnectingnetworksandroutingtraffic.
TCP/IP~(TransferControlProtocol/InternetProtocol)-Acommonprotocol-(language)
whichacomputercanusetocommunicatewithothercomputers,particularlyonthe
internet.
TCPI(n)~Theratiooftheworkremainingtobedonetofundsremainingtobespent,as
ofthestatusdate[BAC-BCWP]/[BAC-ACWP].ATCPIvaluegreaterthanone
indicatesaneedforincreasedperformance;lessthanoneindicatesperformancecan
decrease.
Td(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainsttetanus-diphtheria.
Tdap(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainsttetanus-diphtheria-pertussis.Theterm
acellularmeansthatthepertussiscomponentiscell-free,whichimprovessafetyby
reducingtheincidenceofsideeffects.
TDD(n)~Adevicethatenablesthetransmissionoftypedmessagesoverphonelines.
Thesedevicestypicallyincludekeyboardsfortypingmessagestosendanddisplayand/or
printerstoreceivemessagesfromonedevicetoanother.
TDE(PN)~Atechnologyforreal-timeI/OencryptionanddecryptionofSQLServerand
AzureSQLDatabasedataandlogfilewithasymmetrickeywithoutincreasingthesizeof
theencrypteddatabase.Thedatabaseencryptionkey(DEK)isstoredinthedatabaseboot
recordforavailabilityduringrecoveryandisprotectedwithacertificate.TDEis
performedatthepagelevelanddoesnotprovideencryptionacrosscommunication
channels.
TDI(n)~Acommonsetofroutinesfornetworklayercomponentsthatcommunicatewith
thesessionlayeroftheOpenSystemsInterconnection(OSI)model.Theseroutinesallow
softwarecomponentsaboveandbelowthetransportlayertobemixedandmatched
withoutreprogramming.
TDS(n)~TheSQLServerinternalclient/serverdatatransferprotocol.TDSallowsclient
andserverproductstocommunicateregardlessofoperating-systemplatform,server
release,ornetworktransport.
Teachingcallout(n)~AcalloutinaUIthatcontainshelpinformationforanewfeature,is
context-sensitive,andcontainsinformationintheformoftext,graphics,oranimations.
team(n)~Agroupofuserswhoshareandcollaborateonbusinessrecordsinthesystem.
Ateamcanconsistofmemberswhoreporttoasinglebusinessunit(suchasallsalesorall
customerservice)ormemberswhoreporttodifferentbusinessunits(salespeople,
customerservicerepresentatives,andaccountingrepresentatives).
Team(n)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatallowsalargeamountofinformationtobe
viewed,usuallyassignedtopeopleonyourteam.
team(n)~Anorganizationwhosemembersshareacommonresponsibility,interest,or
objective.
TeamCall(PN)~Thefeaturethatforwardsacallfromateamleadertoanentireteam
accordingtoahuntgroupalgorithm.
TeamDev(PN)~ThepartofVisualStudioTeamSystemthatspecificallytargetsteam
memberswhoareinthedeveloperrole.
TeamEditionforSoftwareDevelopers(PN)~ThepartofVisualStudioTeamSystem
thatspecificallytargetsteammemberswhoareinthedeveloperrole.
TeamEditionforSoftwareTesters(PN)~ThepartofVisualStudioTeamSystemthat
specificallytargetsteammemberswhoareinthetestrole.
TeamExplorer(n)~AclientapplicationforaccessingTeamFoundationServer
functionalitythatintegratesintoVisualStudio2005whenitisinstalledonthesame
computerasVisualStudio2005.TeamExplorerenablesyoutoaccesstheteamprojects
youareworkingonandprovidesaccesstotheprocessguidancedocumentationthat
explainstheorganizationandworkflowofeachteamproject.
TeamExplorer2013AdditionalComponents(PN)~AdditionalelementsforTeam
Explorer,whichistheclientsoftwarethatyouusetoaccessVisualStudioTeam
FoundationServer2013functionalityfromVisualStudio.
TeamExplorer2013LanguagePack(PN)~AlanguagepackforMicrosoftVisual
Studio2013TeamExplorer,whichenablesthedisplayoftheuserinterfaceindifferent
languages.Afteryouinstallthelanguagepack,youcanswitchamongthelanguages.
TeamExplorerforMicrosoftVisualStudio2013(PN)~TeamExploreristheclient
softwarethatyouusetoaccessVisualStudioTeamFoundationServer2013functionality
fromVisualStudio.
TeamExplorerforVisualStudio2013(PN)~TeamExploreristheclientsoftwarethat
youusetoaccessVisualStudioTeamFoundationServer2013functionalityfromVisual
Studio.
TeamFoundationApplication(PN)~AnapplicationexistingwithinaTeamFoundation.
TeamFoundationServer(n)~Asetoftoolsandtechnologiesthatenableateamto
collaborateandcoordinatetheireffortsonbuildingaproductorcompletingaproject.The
toolsincludesourcecontrol,workitemtracking,building,teamprojectportal,reporting,
andprojectmanagement.
TeamFoundationServerAdministrationConsole(PN)~Aconsolewhichprovidesa
centrallocationformanagingmostaspectsofTeamFoundationServer.
TeamFoundationServerExtensions(PN)~YoucanintegrateVisualStudioTeam
FoundationServerwithoneormoreSharePointWebapplications.Ifyouperformthis
integration,projectmanagerscancreateaSharePointsite(referredtoasateamproject
portal)forateamprojectorasitecollectionforateamprojectcollection.Inaddition,
projectmanagerscanalsocreatelibrariesthatcontainprocessguidanceandthedocuments
foreachteamproject.IfyouwanttointegrateoneormoreSharePointWebapplications
withTeamFoundationServer,youmustfirstinstallandconfiguretheTeamFoundation
ServerExtensionsforSharePointProductsontheserverthatisrunningtheWeb
application.YoucanthenconfiguremappingsfromTeamFoundationServertothe
SharePointWebapplicationsthatyouhaveconfiguredwithextensions.
TeamFoundationServerSharePointExtensions(PN)~RequiredsoftwareforVisual
StudioTeamFoundationServerwithoneormoreSharePointWebapplications.TheTeam
FoundationServerExtensionsforSharePointProductsincludesitetemplatestowhichthe
processtemplatesforTeamFoundationServerreferwhenteamprojectsarecreated.
TeamFoundationService(PN)~TeamFoundationServiceisasubsetofalargersuite,
whichiscalledVisualStudioOnline.
TeamManagement(n)~TheDuetend-userapplicationthatenablesuserstoviewup-to-
dateinformationaboutotherusers,openpositionsacrossdivisions,andorganizational
structuresinMicrosoftOfficeOutlook.UserscanviewtheseinOutlookintheformof
OutlookContactitemsorOfficedocumentsthatareintegratedwithandretrievedfrom
SAPsystems.
teamofpeers(n)~Anorganizationalworkmodelthatemphasizestheuseofsmall,
cohesiveteamsofrolespecialistswhocommunicateonanequalbasisinthe
accomplishmentoftheirindividualandgrouptasks.Thisworkmodelcontraststothatof
thetraditionaltop-down,linear-structureworkmodel,andhasbeenfunctionallyprovenin
avarietyofdifferentorganizations,cultures,andprojectsizes.
TeamPlanner(PN)~Aviewthatshowsalloftheresourcesonaprojectandtheirwork
overtime.Thismakesiteasytorearrangework,schedulenewwork,andmanageateam’s
load.
teamproject(n)~Thenamedcollectionofworkitems,codetests,workproducts,
metrics,andsoforthusedbyadefinedteamtotrackacommonsetofrelatedwork.
teamprojectcollection(n)~Agroupofteamprojectswithsimilarrequirementsor
objectiveshostedonthesameTeamFoundationServer(TFS)thatareassignedthesame
resourcesandcanthenbemanagedasanautonomousresourcewithitsownusergroups,
serverresources,andmaintenanceschedule.
teamprojectcollectionhostgroup(n)~AVirtualMachineManagerhostgroupthathas
beenboundtoateamprojectcollection.
teamprojectcollectionlibraryshare(n)~AVirtualMachineManagerlibrarysharethat
hasbeenboundtoateamprojectcollection.
teamprojecthostgroup(n)~Aprojectcollectionhostgroupthathasbeenfurtherbound
toaTFSteamprojectforthepurposeofdeployingvirtualenvironments.
TeamProjectHostGroupName(PN)~Thenameofthehostgroupintheteamproject
collection.
teamprojectlibraryshare(n)~Aprojectcollectionlibrarysharethathasbeenfurther
boundtoaTFSteamprojectforstorageofvirtualenvironmenttemplatesandvirtual
machinetemplates.
teamprojectportal(n)~TheWindowsSharePointServices(WSS)siteforeachteam
project.Ateamprojectportalallowsteammemberstostoreandsharedocuments,reports,
andinformationrelatedtoaspecificteamproject.
TeamResources(n)~Afeaturethatallowstaskworktobeassignedtoagroupatthe
resourceleveltoratherthantoanindividual.Thetotalworkloadoftheteamresource
includesbotheachindividual’sandtheteam’s.Thesearenotprojectteams.
TeamRoom(n)~Anewfeaturethatkeepsarecordofthingsthathappeninateam-€“
checkins,workitemupdates,buildfailures,codereviews,etc.-andallowdevelopersto
haveconversationsabouttheactivity.
teamsite(n)~ASharePointsitecreatedtofacilitateteamcollaborationonprojectsand
otherefforts.
TeamTest(PN)~ThepartofVisualStudioTeamSystemthatspecificallytargetsteam
memberswhoareinthetestrole.
TeamWebAccess(PN)~Adeveloper’stooltoconnecttoVisualStudioTeamFoundation
Server(TFS)throughawebbrowserandcoordinateadevelopmentteam.
teamWebsite(n)~AcustomizableWebsitewithfeaturesthathelpateamworktogether.
Thedefaultsitehaspagesfordocumentlibraries,announcements,andteamevents.Only
members,specifiedbythesitecreator,canusethesite.
TeamWorkCenter(PN)~?AWebPartthatcombinesasearchlistofprojectsinasite
collectionalongwithatimelinethatshowshowthoseprojectsrelatetooneanother.
TeamWorkspace(PN)~Abusinessapplicationthatletsteamsquicklyorganize,author,
andshareinformationwiththepeopleintheircompany.Itprovideslistsformanaging
announcements,calendaritems,tasks,discussions,favoritelinks,andincludesadocument
library.
team-callgroup(n)~Agroupofpeoplewhocananswercallsonbehalfofsomeoneelse.
tearsheet(n)~Apagetornfromthemagazineornewspapershowingtheadthatran,as
proofofperformance.
technicalaccountmanager(n)~AMicrosoftemployeewhoprovidestechnical
assistancetooneormorespecificroyaltyOEMsastheymanufacturecomputersinstalled
withareleasedversionofWindows.
technicalsupport(n)~Anorganizationorgroupthatisresponsibleforproviding
technicalsupport.
Techno(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#18.
Techno-Industrial(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassification
inWindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audio
files.ID3v1genreID#51.
TechnologyGuarantee(PN)~ThepromotionalprogramthatencouragesOEMDirect
andSystemBuilderChannel(SBC)toupgradetoOffice2007andretailcustomersto
upgradetoOffice2007and/orWindowsVista.
technosphere(n)~Theentitiesthatareoutsidetheorganization’soperationalboundary.
Materialsthatcomefromthetechnosphereareboughtorsold,ratherthanacquiredfrom
theenvironment.
Teen(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard
(ESRB).
telecine(n)~Thefilm-to-videoconversionsystemthataddsframestovideoto
compensateforthedifferencesinframeratesbetweenfilmandvideo.
telecoil(n)~Acomponentofahearingaidthatisactivatedforusewithahearingaid
compatibletelephone.
Telematics~Blendoftelecommunicationsandinformatics(anothertermforIT).This
areaofresearchstudiestheinterrelationshipsbetweendifferentcommunications
engineeringfields
telemetry(n)~Theautomaticmeasurementandtransmissionofdatafromremotesources
bywiredorwirelesscommunicationmeans.Telemetrytechnologyisusedinawide
varietyofapplications.
telemetry(n)~Datathatshowshowpartnerproductsareusedincludingwhere,how
often,withwhichothersoftwareandhardware.Thishelpsthemidentifyuserneedsand
experiencesaswellaspotentialmarketingandproductimprovementopportunitiesover
time.PartnersandMicrosoftcanbetterunderstandwhathappensbetweenplanning,lab
testing,salesdata,andrealworldscenariosovertime.
telemetrydata(n)~Datathatshowshowpartnerproductsareusedincludingwhere,how
often,withwhichothersoftwareandhardware.Thishelpsthemidentifyuserneedsand
experiencesaswellaspotentialmarketingandproductimprovementopportunitiesover
time.PartnersandMicrosoftcanbetterunderstandwhathappensbetweenplanning,lab
testing,salesdata,andrealworldscenariosovertime.
telephonedeviceforthedeaf(n)~Adevicethatenablesthetransmissionoftyped
messagesoverphonelines.Thesedevicestypicallyincludekeyboardsfortypingmessages
tosendanddisplayand/orprinterstoreceivemessagesfromonedevicetoanother.
telephonetypewriterdevice(n)~Adevicethatenablesthetransmissionoftyped
messagesoverphonelines.Thesedevicestypicallyincludekeyboardsfortypingmessages
tosendanddisplayand/orprinterstoreceivemessagesfromonedevicetoanother.
TelephoneUserInterface(n)~Aninterfacethatisusedtonavigatethemenusofa
UnifiedMessaging(UM)systemusingDTMFortouchtoneinputs.
telephony(n)~Atelephonetechnology;voice,fax,ormodemtransmissionsbasedon
eithertheconversionofsoundintoelectricalsignalsorwirelesscommunicationbymeans
ofradiowaves.
TelephonyAPI(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)usedby
communicationsprogramstoworkwithtelephonyandnetworkservices.
TelephonyConferencingServer(n)~AservicethatrunsonanOfficeCommunications
ServerFrontEndServerandthatenablesmultipartyconferencingwithPSTNcallers
connectingthroughanaudioconferencingprovider.
television(n)~Anelectronicsystemoftransmittingtransientimagesoffixedormoving
objectstogetherwithsoundthroughspacebyanapparatusthatconvertslightandsound
intoelectricalwavesandreconvertsthemintovisiblelightraysandaudiblesound.
Tellafriend(PN)~Thestandarddisplaytextformailto:linkforsendingalinktoapage,
typicallyusedwhenaskingsomeonetoviewbutnotparticipateinsomething.
TellMe(PN)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstosearchforuserinterfacecontrols.
telnet(n)~AclientorserverprogramthatimplementstheTelnetprotocol.
Telnet(n)~AprotocolthatenablesanInternetusertologontoandentercommandsona
remotecomputerlinkedtotheInternet,asiftheuserwereusingatext-basedterminal
directlyattachedtothatcomputer.TelnetispartoftheTCP/IPsuiteofprotocols.
tempdb(n)~Asystemdatabasethatisre-createdeverytimetheserverisstarted.
template(n)~Afilethatcontainssomepre-definedformatting,layout,and/ortextand
graphicsandthatservesasthebasisfornewdocumentswithasimilarlookorpurpose.
template(n)~Alibraryresourceconsistingofaguestoperatingsystemprofile,a
hardwareprofile,andoneormorevirtualharddisks(.vhdfiles),whichcanbeusedto
createanewvirtualmachine.Computeridentifyinformationmusthavebeenremoved
fromthe.vhdfilethatcontainstheoperatingsystemfilesbyusingtheSystemPreparation
tool(Sysprep).Self-serviceusersmustusedesignatedtemplatestocreatetheirvirtual
machines.
template(n)~Areusablesetofpropertiesdefiningthelookofacontrol.Atemplatecan
besharedbetweeninstancesofthesameobjecttype.
template(n)~InASP.NET:Adeclarativepagefragmentthatisusedtoprovideavisual
interfaceforatemplatedASP.NETservercontrol.Atemplatecontainspresentation
elementsthatincludeliteraltext,HTML,anddata-bindingexpressions,aswellas
declarativesyntaxelementsthatrepresentASP.NETservercontrols.
template(n)~Amethodthatisusedtopopulateinitialvaluesinaclass,suchasachange
requestorincident.
templatebinding(n)~Abindingbetweenapropertyonanelementinacontroltemplate
andapropertyonthecontrolinstancetowhichthetemplateisapplied.Forexample,a
Button’sBackgroundpropertychangesand,becauseaRectangleinitstemplateis
templateboundtothatproperty,theRectanglechangescolor.
TemplateManager(n)~Asub-areaoftheSettingsmodulewheretheusermanagese-
mail,contract,andarticletemplates.
templatenode(n)~Thedesign-timeaccesspointtotheItemsCollectionEditorfora
ToolStrip,MenuStrip,ContextMenuStrip,orStatusStripcontrol.
TemplatePart(n)~Acustomizedsetofcontrolsthatcanbesavedforreuseinmultiple
formtemplates.TemplatepartsaresavedascustomcontrolsintheControlstaskpane.
templatepart(n)~OneoftheavailableconstructsthatmakeupaUItemplateforaportal
extension.
templateset(n)~InASP.NETmobilecontrols:Acollectionoftemplatesassociatedwith
atemplatedcontrol.
templatedcontrol(n)~AnASP.NETservercontrolthatdoesnotitselfprovideavisual
interfacebutallowsitsusers(pagedevelopers)tosupplytemplatesthatprovideavisual
interface.WhentheASP.NETpageparserencountersatemplatedcontrol,itparsesthe
control’stemplateanddynamicallycreateschildcontrolsthatsupplythevisualinterface.
TheRepeaterandDataListASP.NETservercontrolsaretemplatedcontrols.TheDataGrid
controlisnotstrictlyatemplatedcontrol,butusestemplatestocustomizeitsuser
interface.
Templates(n)~AbuttonthatredirectstheusertotheTemplatessectionintheWorksTask
Launcher.
temporaryconsumer(n)~Aneventconsumerthatreceiveseventnotificationsonly
whiletheconsumerisactive.
temporarynode(n)~Anodethatiscreatedasaresultofanadministratoractionandthat
displaysinthenavigationpaneforthecurrentconsolesessiononly.
temporaryprocedure(n)~Aprocedureplacedinthetemporarydatabase,tempdb,and
erasedattheendofthesession.
temporarysmartcard(n)~Anon-permanentsmartcardissuedtoauserforreplacement
ofalostsmartcardortoauserthatrequiresaccessforalimitedtime.
temporarystoredprocedure(n)~Aprocedureplacedinthetemporarydatabase,tempdb,
anderasedattheendofthesession.
temporarytable(n)~Atableplacedinthetemporarydatabase,tempdb,anderasedatthe
endofthesession.
tenant(n)~Aclientorganizationthatisservedfromasingleinstanceofanapplicationby
awebservice.Acompanycaninstalloneinstanceofsoftwareonasetofserversandoffer
SoftwareasaServicetomultipletenants.
tenantadministrator(n)~Auseraccountthathasbeenassignedasanadministratorfor
thetenant.
TenantAdministrator(PN)~AnadministratorwithaTenantAdministratoruserrole.
TenantAdministratoruserrole(PN)~Auserrolethatallowstheusertocreateand
manageself-serviceusersandVMnetworks,specifywhichtaskstheself-serviceuserscan
performontheirvirtualmachinesandservices,andplacequotasoncomputingresources
andvirtualmachines.
tenant-levelexternaldatalog(n)~Anerrorlogthatcontainserrorsandexceptionsthat
occurwhenSharePointtriestoconnecttoexternalsystemsthroughBusinessConnectivity
Services.Itcanberetrievedbytenantadministrators.
tender(n)~Somethingusedasamediumofpayment.
tenderdeclaration(n)~AcountofthecoinsandbillsatthePOS;forexample,aspartof
theendofdayorendofshiftprocedure.
Tentcard(n)~OneofthepagesizeoptionsavailableinPublisherforprintingafolded
card.Thisoptionprintstwopagespersheetofpaper.
tentative(adj)~Anopenserviceactivitystatusthatdenotesthattheresourcesarenot
scheduledtoperformworkforthisserviceactivity.
tentative(adj)~Pertainingtotimeonaschedulewhenapersonmayparticipateina
scheduledtask.
tent-foldcard(n)~Atop-foldcardwithfourpages.Pageonebecomesthefrontcover,
pagestwoandthreearetheinsidepages,andpagefouristhebackofthecard.
terabyte(n)~Ameasurementusedforhigh-capacitydatastorage.Oneterabyteequals
240,or1,099,511,627,776,bytes,althoughitiscommonlyinterpretedassimplyone
trillionbytes.
Terabyte~Unitofmeasurementforpiecesofinformation:approximately1trillion
bytes,1billionkilobytes,1millionmegabytesor1000gigabytes.That’sa-lot-ofdata.
Teredobubblepacket(n)~Adatapacketthatistypicallysenttocreateormaintaina
NATmappingandconsistsofanIPv6headerwithnoIPv6payload.
Teredorelay(n)~AnIPv6/IPv4routerthatcanforwardpacketsbetweenTeredoclients
ontheIPv4Internet(usingaTeredotunnelinginterface)andIPv6-onlyhosts.
term(n)~Awordorphrasethatstandsforaconceptusedinaparticularsubjectarea.
termenddate(n)~Thedateattheendofasubscription.Forexample,inMicrosoft
OnlineServices,thereareavarietyofservicesthatacustomermaysubscribeto,andeach
subscriptionhasitsowntermlength(e.g.,6months,12months)andtermenddate.
termextraction(n)~Theprocedureofreviewingcompletedfiles/documentsforthe
purposeofautomaticallyidentifyingwordsandphraseswithspecializedtechnical
meaning.
termharvesting(n)~Theprocedureofreviewingcompletedfiles/documentsforthe
purposeofidentifyingwordsandphraseswithspecializedtechnicalmeaningand
collectingtheminaseparatedocument.
termlicense~Atypeofsoftwareagreementwhereinthecustomerpaysmaintenancefees
foruseofthesoftwareoveraspecifiedtermand,unlessthelicenseisrenewed,hasno
righttousethesoftwareafterthetermexpires.
termmining(n)~Theprocedureofreviewingcompletedfiles/documentsforthepurpose
ofautomaticallyidentifyingwordsandphraseswithspecializedtechnicalmeaning.
termset(n)~Acollectionofrelatedterms.
termstore(n)~Adatabasethatstoresmanagedmetadata,includingtermsets,terms,and
managedkeywords.
TermStudio(PN)~Aterminologymanagementdatabasethatallowsproductcontributors
acrossMicrosofttodocument,standardizeandshareimportantinformationabout
concepts,theirsynonymsandequivalents.
terminal~Simpledeviceatwhichdatacanbeenteredorretrievedfromanetwork.
Generally,terminalshaveamonitorandakeyboard,butnoprocessororlocaldiskdrive.
TerminalAdaptor~Apieceofhardwaresimilartoamodem,requiredtooperate
anISDN-internetconnection.
TerminalServicessession(n)~ATerminalServicessession.
terminate(v)~Withreferencetosoftware,toendaprocessorprogram.
terminate-and-stay-resident(n)~Aprogramthatremainsloadedinmemoryevenwhen
itisnotrunning,sothatitcanbequicklyinvokedforaspecifictaskperformedwhile
anotherprogramisoperating.
termination(n)~Theendingofathread,process,orprogram.
terminologist(n)~Apersonwhostudies,documents,andrecommendsthestandardusage
oftermsandtheirassociatedconceptswithinagivensubjectarea.
terminology(n)~Thestudyoftermsandtheirassociatedconcepts.
terminology(n)~Asetoftermsusedinaparticularsubjectfield.
terminologydatabase(n)~Adatabasecontainingterminologicaldata.
terminologymanagement(n)~Theinvestigation,documentation,andconsistentreuseof
termsandtheirassociatedconcepts.
Terms(PN)~ThelinktotheMicrosoftserviceagreement.
terms(n)~Thecontractualprovisionsandmajortermsagreedtobythepartiestoan
agreement.
termsandconditions(n)~Thecontractualprovisionsandmajortermsagreedtobythe
partiestoanagreement.
Termsofuse(PN)~ThelinktotheMicrosoftserviceagreement.
TermsofUse(PN)~AdocumentthatcovershowusersmayuseSkypesoftware,Skype
products,andtheSkypewebsite.
termsofuse(n)~Alegalnoticethatestablishesthetermsunderwhichserviceis
provided.
territory(n)~Theareainthecountry/regionwhereanaccountislocated.
Terror(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.Winamp
genreID#130.
tertiarydomain(n)~ADNSdomainlocateddirectlybeneathanotherdomainname(the
parentdomain)inthenamespacetree.Forexample,example.microsoft.com’wouldbea
subdomainofthedomain‘microsoft.com’.’
test(v)~Tocheckprogramcorrectnessbytryingoutvarioussequencesandinputvalues.
test(n)~Aprogram,ascript(manualorautomated),aspecificsetofsteps,orgeneral
instructionsthatcanberunrepeatedlyagainstsoftware,andthatwillyieldaresultsuchas
pass,fail,orotherresultsthatresolvetopassorfail,suchasinconclusive.
TestAccessPort(n)~Acollectionofboundaryscancontrolsignalsthatdefineaserial
protocolforscan-baseddevices.Therearefivepins,TCK/clock,TMS/modeselect,
TDI/datain,TDO/dataout,andTRST/reset.
testadapter(n)~Thecodeassemblythatisresponsibleforloadingaparticulartypeof
test.
testagent(n)~Abackgroundprocessthatreceives,runs,andreportsontestsandcollects
dataonasinglecomputer.Thetestagentcommunicateswithtestagentcontroller,usually
locatedonanothercomputer.
testagentcontroller(n)~Abackgroundprocessthatmanagesasetofmachineswiththe
testagentsoftwareinstalled.
TestAgentInstallerservice(PN)~Theserviceofinstallingatestagent.
testapproach(n)~Thetestgoals,coverage,techniques,anddatafortheprojectandeach
oftheiterations.
testcase(n)~Aspecificationthatdescribesthegoalsofatest,theresultsthatthetest
mightproduce,thecircumstancesinwhichitwillberun,andhowitshouldbe
implemented.
testclass(n)~AnyclassthatismarkedwiththeTestClassattribute.
testcondition(n)~Inadatabaseunittest,asetoffrequentlyusedvalidationfunctions
thattestwhetheraunittestreturnstheexpectedresults.
testconfiguration(n)~Asetofconfigurationvariablesthatspecifythecorrectsetup
requiredfortestinganapplication.
Testconnection(n)~Theactoftestingconnectivitywithadirectoryorapplication
TestController2013(PN)~AnapplicationdesignedforVisualStudio2013,which
executestestcasesonyourPCorinatestlab.Youcanexecutethetestcasesonyourlocal
PC,orscheduleatestrun.
TestController2013LanguagePack(PN)~AlanguagepackforMicrosoftTest
ControllerforVisualStudio2013,whichenablesthedisplayoftheuserinterfacein
differentlanguages.Afteryouinstallthelanguagepack,youcanswitchamongthe
languages.
testdeployment(n)~Thedeploymentoftestsandalldependentfilesnotedbytheuseror
thesystemfromtheirdefaultlocation(forexample,bin/debug)totheexecutiondirectory.
testdeveloper(n)~Atestertypicallyassignedtoauthoringcodedtests.
TestDrive(n)~Ascaled-downversionofaproductwhereausercantryoutdifferent
featuresbeforebuyingit.
TestEffectiveness(PN)~Areportthatcommunicatestheamountofcodecoveredor
exercisedforaparticulartestrun.
testenvironment(n)~Anenvironmentthatcorrespondsascloselyaspossibletothe
productionenvironmentandwithinwhichsystemanduseracceptancetestscanbecarried
out.
testfake(n)~Amechanismthatallowsyoutoisolatepartofanapplicationsothatitcan
betestedseparatelyfromanotherpartonwhichitwouldbedependentintypical
operation.Duringtesting,atestfakeexecutesinsteadofthemethodsandpropertiesofthe
otherpart.Theactionsandreturnvaluesofthetestfakeareunderthecontrolofthetest.
WithinVisualStudio,atestfaketakestheformofeitherateststuboratestshim.
testfile(n)~Afileusedaspartofatestingprocesstocheckthevalidityorcorrectnessof
aprogramorprocedure.
testharness(n)~Anapplicationthatloadstestadaptersandownstheprocessthat
executestests.
testlist(n)~AlistofteststhatcanbeselectedandmanagedfromTestManager.
TestListEditor(PN)~ThewindowinVisualStudioTeamSystemthatisusedto
manage,execute,andcontrollargenumbersoftestsandtestlists.
testmethod(n)~AnymethodthatismarkedwiththeTestMethodattribute.Youcannot
runaunittestifitstestmethodisnotinatestclass.
testmetric(n)~Aunitofmeasurefortesting.
testmetricthreshold(n)~Agoalfortheproject,measuredusingatestmetric.
testmix(n)~Aformulathatdefinestheprobabilityofavirtualuserrunningagiventest
inaloadtestscenario.
Testmode(n)~ADirectoryServicesoptionontheAccountspage.Whenacustomeris
runninginTestmode,alle-mailforrecipientswhoarenotontheuserlistisredirectedtoa
separatee-mailaddressafterfiltering(thusthismailisnotrejected).
TestMode/LiveMode(n)~ThemodesontheAccountspageforacustomspamfilter
policyruletorunin.Arulecanberunintestmodetomonitorwhatwouldhappenifrule
weredeployed,orinlivemode,wheretheruleisactuallydeployed.
testplan(n)~Asetoftestcasesandtheirassociatedtestconfigurationinformationand
theiterationwhenitisplannedtorunthesetests.Thetestcasescanbeorganizedintoa
testsuitehierarchy.
testpoint(n)~Apairingofatestcaseandatestconfiguration.
TestProfessional2013(PN)~VersionofVisualStudio2013integratestestersandother
stakeholdersintothedevelopmentworkflowtoenablein-contextcollaborationwith
developers.
TestProfessional2013LanguagePack-ENU(PN)~LanguagePackisafreeadd-on
thatyoucanusetoswitchthelanguagethat’sdisplayedintheMicrosoftVisualStudio
TestProfessional2013userinterface.
testproject(n)~Aprojectcreatedspecificallytoholdtesttypes.
testresult(n)~Theverdictfromexecutingatest:pass,fail,orinconclusive.
TestResults(oth)~Awindowwhichdisplaysthecurrentstatusofeverytestinthetest
run.
TestResultswindow(n)~Awindowwhichdisplaysthecurrentstatusofeverytestinthe
testrun.
testrun(n)~Asetofpairingsoftestcasesandtestconfigurationstoberun.Theresultsof
thissetofpairingscanbeviewedtogether.Testrunsareeitherautomatedormanual.
testscript(n)~Adefinedrequirementthatischeckedagainstaproductandyieldseithera
passorafailresult.Passindicatesmeetingtherequirementandfailindicatesnotmeeting
therequirement.
testsettings(n)~Asetofvariablesthatdefinehowtestsaregoingtoberunandanydata
tobecollectedorsystemactionstakenwhiletestsarerun.Forexample,collectcode
coveragedataoremulateaspecificnetwork.
testshim(n)~Atypeoftestfakethatworksbyintroducingadetourtotheentrypointof
methodsorpropertiesthatarecalledbyaunitundertest.Theshimisexecutedinsteadof
theexistingcode,andisunderthecontrolofthetests.Ashimcanbeappliedtoanycode,
evenifitwasnotdesignedtobeisolatedduringtesting.
teststep(n)~Anactiontobetakenwhenthetestisrun,andpossiblytheexpectedresult
fromthataction.
teststub(n)~Atypeoftestfakethatisanalternativeimplementationofaninterfaceor
classthatiscalledbyaunitundertest.Theteststubisunderthecontroloftheunittests.
Designingasystemsothatitspartscanbereplacedbyteststubsresultsinmoreflexible
code.
testsuite(n)~Asetofselectedtestcases.Atestsuitecancontainothertestsuites,but
eachtestsuitecanbecontainedinonlyoneothertestsuite.
testsuitetypeid(n)~Auniqueidentifierthatisassignedtoatypeofselectedtestcases.
testtask(n)~Anassignmenttocreatetestcasesandtestaspecificareaoftheproduct,
usuallyinthecontextofascenarioorqualityofservicerequirement.
testtype(n)~Asetoffunctionalityand/oratemplatetohelpexposepartsofthe
underlyingtestframework.
TestView(PN)~Awindowthatallowsyoutonavigatetoyourtestsforediting
(authoring).
TestViewwindow(n)~Awindowthatallowsyoutonavigatetoyourtestsforediting
(authoring).
TestClassattribute(n)~Theattributeputonaclasselementtoindicateitcontainscoded
tests.
TestMethodattribute(n)~Theattributeaddedtoamethodelementtoindicateitisa
codedtest.
tetanusanddiphtheriavaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunizationagainsttetanus-
diphtheria.
tetanus,diphtheriaandacellularpertussisvaccine(n)~Avaccineforimmunization
againsttetanus-diphtheria-pertussis.Thetermacellularmeansthatthepertussis
componentiscell-free,whichimprovessafetybyreducingtheincidenceofsideeffects.
tethering~enablesyourcellulartelephoneorsimilarInternet-enabledmobiledeviceto
connectotherdevicessuchasnetbooks,laptopsorPDAstotheInternet.Mobilephones
thatoffertetheringtypicallyconnecttootherdevicesviaBluetoothoraUSBcablein
ordertoprovidethemwithInternetaccess.
TETRAGRAMFORDEFECTIVENESSORDISTORTION(n)~TheUnicode
characterU+1D30F,whichrepresentsaTaiXuanJingsymbol.
text(n)~Inwordprocessinganddesktoppublishing,themainportionofadocument,as
opposedtoheadlines,tables,figures,footnotes,andotherelements.
Text(n)~Afielddatatypethatcancontainupto255charactersorthenumberof
charactersspecifiedbytheFieldsizeproperty,whicheverisless.
Text(PN)~Atoolthatletsyoucreateblocksoftextcharacters.Eachcharacterinatext
blockcanhaveitsownstrokeandfill.
text(v)~Tosendtextmessagesfromamobilephoneordevice.
text(n)~Ashortalphanumericmessagethatissentbetweenmobilephonesordevices
usingtheSMSprotocol.
textattributes(n)~Anycharacteristicoftext,suchasfont,size,style,color,oreffect
suchassubscriptorsuperscript.
textblock(n)~Thetextareaassociatedwithashapethatappearswhenyouclickthe
shapewiththetexttoolorselectitwiththepointertool.
textbox(n)~Arectangularcontrolinanapplicationthatallowstheusertoenteroredit
text.
TextCycle(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtorepresentacontinuingsequenceof
stages,tasks,oreventsinacircularflow.Emphasizesthearrowsorflowratherthanthe
stagesorsteps.WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
textdirection(n)~Thedirectiontextiswritteninadocument,forinstancelefttoright,
righttoleft,horizontalorvertical.
TextDisplaySize(n)~AnitemontheEditmenuthatdisplaysalistofrelativetextsizes
forinstantmessagetext.
textdocument(n)~Adocumentthatcontainsalphanumericinformation,notjust0sand
1s.
texteditor(n)~Aprogramthatcreatesfilesormakeschangestoexistingfiles.
texteffect(n)~Avisualeffectthatcolors,tweaks,orotherwisegraphicallyaltersfonts.
textfield(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatdisplaysstaticordynamictext.
textfile(n)~Afilecomposedoftextcharacters.Atextfilecanbeaword-processingfile
oraplain’ASCIIfileencodedinaformatpracticallyallcomputerscanuse.’
textflow(n)~Thewaytextisdisplayedinadocument,howitbehavesandbreaks
accordingtosettings.
textformatting(n)~Formattingthatcontrolstheappearanceofatext.Examplesinclude
textalignment,intercharacterspacing,textjustification,andtextandbackgroundcolors.
textframe(n)~Anareawithinashapethatcancontaintext.
textharvesting(n)~Aprocessofextendingahandwritingrecognizer’slexiconby
gatheringandstoringtheuser’svocabulary.
textlabel(n)~Descriptivetextthatyoucanaddtoaform,worksheet,chart,orother
document.
textmessage(n)~Ashortalphanumericmessagethatissentbetweenmobilephonesor
devicesusingtheSMSprotocol.
textmessaging(n)~Theprocessofcreatingandsendingtextmessagesbetweenorto
mobilephonesanddevicesusingtheSMSprotocol.
textmode(n)~Adisplaymodeinwhichthemonitorcandisplayletters,numbers,and
othertextcharactersbutnographicalimagesorWYSIWYG(what-you-see-is-what-you-
get’)characterformatting(italics
textnotification(n)~Atypeoftexte-mailreminderthatincludesaURLandbrief
instructionsfortheuserabouthowtologonandviewthespamthatwassenttothatuser’s
address.ThistextiscustomizableontheSpamFilterpage.
textobject(n)~Anentitycontainingtextinadocument,forinstanceatextboxortable
cell.
textplaceholder(n)~Asymbolicvalueusedinsteadofarealvaluewhichinthiscaseis
text.
textprediction(n)~Arecognitionfeaturethathelpsincreaseinputspeedandreduce
effortbyprovidinguserswithwordcompletionandnextwordpredictionalternatesasthe
useriswriting/typing.
textquery(n)~Oneormorephrasesthatcancontainoperators,quotationmarks,
wildcardssuchas*or?,andparentheses.
textreply(n)~Apredeterminedtextreplythatcanbeautomaticallysentinresponseto
incomingcalls,textmessages,orbothwhenDrivingModeisturnedon.Thetextreplyis
sentwithnoactiononthepartoftheuser.
textreply(n)~Aresponsetoanincomingcallusingatextmessagewhenthecallerisa
contactcallingfromamobilephone.
textsegment(n)~Aunitoftext,forexampleaword,aphrase,asentence,aparagraph,a
document.
textservice(n)~Aprogramthatenablesausertoenteroredittext.Textservicesinclude
keyboardlayouts,handwritingandspeechrecognitionprograms,andInputMethod
Editors(IMEs).IMEsareusedtoenterEastAsianlanguagecharacterswithakeyboard.
TextServicesFramework(PN)~Adevice-independent,language-neutral,andextensible
systemthatenablesnaturallanguageservicesandadvancedtextinputonthedesktopand
withinapplications.
Textslide(n)~Ablankcollaborativeslideonwhichparticipantscantypenotesor
comments.
textstream(n)~AtypeofencodedoutputthatcanbeincludedinaSmoothStreaming
presentation,suchascaptions.
textstring(n)~Agroupofcharactersorcharacterbytesrepresentingtexthandledasa
singleentity.
textsuggestion(n)~Awordthat’ssuggestedasuserstype,whichtheycanselectto
quicklyinsert.
texttelephone(n)~Adevicethatenablesthetransmissionoftypedmessagesoverphone
lines.Thesedevicestypicallyincludekeyboardsfortypingmessagestosendanddisplay
and/orprinterstoreceivemessagesfromonedevicetoanother.
texttelephony(n)~Afeaturethatenablesthosewhoaredeaforspeechimpairedtouse
thetelephonewithateletypewriter.
texttone(n)~Thesoundthephonemakeswhentheuserreceivesatextmessage.
textwindow(n)~Awindowcontainingatextdocument.
textwrap(n)~Theabilityofaword-processingprogramoratext-editingprogramto
breaklinesoftextautomaticallytostaywithinthepagemarginsorwindowboundariesof
adocumentwithouttheuserhavingtodosowithcarriagereturns,asistypically
necessaryonatypewriter.
textwrapping(n)~Afeaturethatconsistsofadvancedtextwrapfunctionality,allowing
theusertoselectfromvariousstylestospecifyhowtextflowsaroundobjectsorgraphics
inadocument.
textwriter(n)~InASP.NETmobilecontrols:Amechanismthatallowsdeviceadaptersto
writetheiroutputthroughanobject.AtextwriterobjectiscreatedfromtheTextWriter
baseclass.
Text-BasedDesigner(PN)~Atext-basedworkfloweditorthatenablesuserstocreateand
editworkflowsbyusingdeclarativestatements.
text-modeSetup(n)~ThesecondofthethreestagesofSetup,wherethebasichardware
ofthecomputer(CPU,motherboard,harddiskcontrollers,filesystems,andmemory)is
determined,thebaseoperatingsystemnecessarytocontinueisinstalled,andspecified
foldersarecreated.
text-onlyfile(n)~AdocumentfileinASCIIformat,containingcharacters,spaces,
punctuation,carriagereturns,andsometimestabsandanend-of-filemarker,butno
formattinginformation.
text-to-speech(n)~Pertainingtotechnologiesforconvertingtextual(ASCII)information
intosyntheticspeechoutput.Usedinvoice-processingapplicationsrequiringproduction
ofbroad,unrelated,andunpredictablevocabularies,suchasproductsinacatalogor
namesandaddresses.Thistechnologyisappropriatewhensystemdesignconstraints
preventthemoreefficientuseofspeechconcatenationalone.
text-to-speechengine(n)~ThecomponentofSpeechEngineServicesthatprocessestext
inputandproducesspeechoutputbysynthesizingwordsandphrases.
texture(n)~Arectangulararrayofpixelsappliedtoavisualobject.
TFS(n)~Asetoftoolsandtechnologiesthatenableateamtocollaborateandcoordinate
theireffortsonbuildingaproductorcompletingaproject.Thetoolsincludesource
control,workitemtracking,building,teamprojectportal,reporting,andproject
management.
TFSservice(n)~TheservicethatTeamFoundationServer(TFS)uses.TeamFoundation
Serverincludesmanyservicesthatrunontheapplicationtier.Youractualserviceswill
varybasedonwhichfeaturesofTeamFoundationyouhaveinstalled.
TFT~(ThinFilmTransistor)-Atechnologyusedoriginallyin-laptopscreensforgivinga
sharpandvibrantcolourdisplay.Muchlessbulkythanthe-CRT-systemusedinmost
desktopmonitors,whichitisnowwidelyreplacing.
TFTP(n)~Aformalsetofformat,timing,sequencing,anderrorcontrolrulesfor
transferringfilestoandfromaremotecomputersystemrunningtheTrivialFileTransfer
Protocol(TFTP)service.
TG(n)~Acontactlist,similartoanalias,thatallowsthetalktoreachalistofusersat
oncebythepush-to-talkfunctionality.
TGA(n)~AphotorealisticgraphicsfileformatdesignedforsystemswithaTARGA
Truevisiondisplayadapter.
thankyounote(n)~Anoteoremailmessagesenttoapersontothankthemfor
somethingreceived,orforameeting.
thaw(v)~InI/Ooperations,toallowexecutionofathread.
theatermode(n)~AfeatureinInternetExplorerwherebytheobject’smainwindowfills
theentirescreenanddisplaysatoolbarwithaminimalsetofnavigationalbuttons.A
statusbarisalsoprovidedintheupperright-handcornerofthescreen.
theaterview(n)~AviewwherethepreviewiscenteredinaPowerPivotGallery
SharePointdocumentlibraryandletsyourotatethroughtheavailableworksheets.Smaller
thumbnailsofeachworksheetappearloweronthepage,oneitherside.
theme(n)~AsetofcoordinatedgraphicelementsappliedtoadocumentorWebpage,or
acrossallpagesinaWebsite.Themescanconsistofdesignsandcolorschemesforfonts,
linkbars,andotherpageelements.
theme(n)~InASP.NET,acollectionofcontrolproperties,stylesheets,andimagesthat
canbeappliedasaunittoapageorWebsitetodefineanoverallappearance.
theme(n)~Acollectionofvisualelementsandsoundsforyourcomputerdesktopor
deviceUserInterface.Athemedeterminesthelookofthevariousvisualelementsofyour
UserInterface,suchaswindows,icons,fonts,andcolors,anditcanincludesounds.
theme(n)~Asetofcolorsandbackgroundimagesthatletsuserschangetheappearance
ofWindowsLivepages.Thethemeiscommontoallpages,exceptforgroup,event,and
spacepages,whichmayeachhavetheirowntheme.
themecolor(n)~Oneofasetofcolorsthatisusedinafile.Themecolors,themefonts,
andthemeeffectscomposeatheme.
themeeffect(n)~Oneofasetofvisualattributesthatisappliedtoelementsinafile.
Themeeffects,themecolors,andthemefontscomposeatheme.
themeengine(n)~Theprogrammodulethatappliesapredefinedgraphicthemetothe
userinterface.
themefamily(n)~Asetofvariantsonasingletheme.
themefont(n)~Oneofasetofmajorandminorfontsthatisappliedtoafile.Theme
fonts,themecolors,andthemeeffectscomposeatheme.
themepack(n)~Arenamed.cabfilewhichcontainsa.themefile,andoptionallyoneor
moredesktopbackgrounds,icons,mousepointerfiles,andsoundfiles.Itdoesnotcontain
executablesorscreensavers.
themeresource(n)~Afileofsupportedtypeusedinatheme.
themevariant(n)~Oneofthevariationsofathemethatmakeupathemefamily.
Themes(PN)~ThePersonalizationsubcategorycontainingappswithspecialthemesfor
yourPCandphone.
thesaurus(n)~Anintegratedproofingtoolusedtosearchoncommonwordsanddisplay
synonyms.
Thesauruspane(PN)~Apanethatprovidessynonymlookupanddisplayfunctionality.
thetajoin(n)~Ajoinbasedonacomparisonofscalarvalues.
Thick(orfat)client~Thickclients,alsocalledheavyclients,arefull-featuredcomputers
thatareconnectedtoanetwork.
thin(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof100according
totheOpenTypespecification.
ThinClient~Atypeofclient/servercomputingwhereapplicationsarerun,anddatais
stored,ontheserverratherthanontheclient.Becausetheapplicationsareexecutedonthe
server,theydonotrequireclient-residentinstallation,althoughthe-GUI-andsome
applicationlogicmayberenderedtotheclient.
thinprovisioning(n)~Amechanismthatallowsadministratorstosetpoliciesonstorage
utilizationsuchthatstoragecanbedynamicallyallocatedfromorreturnedtoalarger
aggregatedpoolofstorage,dependingonclientusage.
thinrendering(n)~Theprocessofrenderingserver-basedspreadsheets,diagrams,or
otherdocumentsinabrowserusinganapplicationserver.
Thingstotry(PN)~Atopictitleusedtointroducemoreinformationonwhatausermay
wanttotrytomakebetteruseofaparticulartool,feature,etc.
thinkprofile(n)~Apropertythatindicateswhetherthinktimesareusedorignoredin
loadtests.Thethinkprofileappliestoanentirescenarioinaloadtest.Itsstateare:On,
Off,NormalDistribution.
thinktime(n)~Theelapsedtimebetweenthereceiptofareplytoonerequestandthe
submissionofthenextrequest.Forexample,ifittakesabout60secondsforausertoenter
alltheinformationrequiredforaWeb-basedtime-entryform,60secondsisthethinktime
forthisscenario.
thin-provisioned(adj)~Of,pertainingto,storagethatallowsthinprovisioning.
thirdparty(n)~Acompanythatmanufacturesandsellsaccessoriesorperipheralsforuse
withamajormanufacturer’scomputerorperipheral,usuallywithoutanyinvolvement
fromthemajormanufacturer.
third-leveldomain(n)~ADNSdomainlocateddirectlybeneathanotherdomainname
(theparentdomain)inthenamespacetree.Forexample,example.microsoft.com’would
beasubdomainofthedomain‘microsoft.com’.’
third-partyinstaller(n)~Asoftwareinstallationdevelopmentsolutionofferedbya
companyotherthanMicrosoft.
third-partyinstaller(n)~Aprogramthatinstallssoftware,offeredbyacompanyother
thanMicrosoft.
third-partylogistics(n)~Apartythatprovideslogisticsservicestocustomers.
third-partyupdate(n)~AnupdatepublishedbyacompanyotherthanMicrosoft.
Thrashmetal(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationin
WindowsMediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.
WinampgenreID#144.
thread(n)~Atypeofobjectwithinaprocessthatrunsprograminstructions.Using
multiplethreadsallowsconcurrentoperationswithinaprocessandenablesoneprocessto
rundifferentpartsofitsprogramondifferentprocessorssimultaneously.Athreadhasits
ownsetofregisters,itsownkernelstack,athreadenvironmentblock,andauserstackin
theaddressspaceofitsprocess.
thread(n)~Allpublishedreactions(suchascomments,likes,andretweets)toasingle
post.
thread(n)~Aninstantmessageortextmessageconversationbetweentwoormore
participants.
thread~InMach,theunitofCPUutilization.Athreadconsistsofaprogramcounter,a
setofregisters,andastackpointer.
threadcomponent(n)~AnSMS/ConfigurationManagerprogramthatrunsasathreadof
theSMSExecutiveservicecomponent.Athreadcomponentcanbestartedandstopped
throughtheSMS/ConfigurationManagerServiceManager.
ThreadCount(n)~InTaskManager,thenumberofthreadsrunninginaprocess.
threadlocal(n)~Amechanismthatusesstaticorglobalmemorylocaltoathreadby
whichvariablesareallocatedsuchthatthereisoneinstanceofthevariableperextant
thread.
threadsafety(n)~Theabilityformultiplethreadstoaccessandsharedatainacorrect
way.
threadingmodel(n)~Themodelthatdetermineshowthemethodsofanapplication’s
componentareassignedtothreadsinordertobeexecuted.
thread-safe(adj)~Pertainingtomultithreadedapplicationsandhowthreadsshareand
accessdata.
threat(n)~Apossibleentrypointtoanassetthatcouldbeusedbyanadversaryto
adverselyaffectthatasset.
threatmodel(n)~Asystematicanalysisofidentifyingassets,andassessingand
documentingthesecurityrisksassociatedwiththoseassetsexposedviasoftware.The
threatmodelingprocessinvolvesanunderstandingofthegoalsofanadversaryin
attackingasystembasedonthesystemsassetsofinterest.Thescopeofthethreatmodelis
definedbythescopeoffunctionalityofsoftwarebeingmodeled.
threattype(n)~Acategoryofentrypointstoanassetthatcouldbeusedbyanadversary
toadverselyaffectthatasset.Threattypesinclude:Spoofingidentity,Tamperingwith
data,Repudiation,Informationdisclosure,DenialofService,andElevationofPrivilege.
three-dimensional(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orbeinganobjectorimagehavingor
appearingtohaveallthreespatialdimensions(length,width,anddepth).
three-factorauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationmethodthatrequiresthree
authenticationmethods,whichmayincludesomethingtheuserprovides,suchas
certificates;somethingtheuserknows,suchasusernames,passwords,orpassphrases;
physicalattributes,suchasathumbprint;andpersonalattributes,suchasapersonal
signature.
three-wayhandshake(n)~ThemethodforinitializingaTransmissionControlProtocol
(TCP)sessionbetweentwohostsonanInternetProtocol(IP)network.Thethree-way
handshakesynchronizesthesequencenumberandacknowledgmentnumbersofthetwo
hostsestablishingaconnection,exchangesTCPwindowsizes,andexchangesotherTCP
options,suchasthemaximumsegmentsize.
three-waymatchingpolicy(n)~Amatchingpolicythatrequiresoneormorevendor
invoicepricestomatchwithoneormorepurchaseorderpricesandthatrequiresoneor
morevendorinvoicequantitiestomatchwithoneormoreproductreceiptquantities.
threshold(n)~Alimitagainstwhichothervaluescanbecompared.Whenavaluecrosses
thislimit,itcantriggeranalertorotheraction.
Threshold(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
thresholdfiltering(n)~Theprocessofreducingafull-colorimagetoaneight-color
image.Thisisdonebysettingavalueforathreshold,whichisthecutoffvalueforeach
colorcomponentofasample.
thresholdrule(n)~Arulethatissetonanindividualperformancecountertomonitor
systemresourceusageduringaloadtest.
thresholdvalue(n)~Alimitagainstwhichothervaluescanbecompared.Whenavalue
crossesthislimit,itcantriggeranalertorotheraction.
Thrift(PN)~Asoftwareframeworkforscalablecross-languageservicedevelopment.
Thriftserver(n)~ARemoteProcedureCall(RPC)frameworkthatcanbeusedto
developscalablecross-languageservices.
throttle(n)~Aprocessthatrestrictstheflowofdata.
throttling(n)~Theprocessofsettingthemaximumportionoftotalnetworkcapacitythat
aserviceisallowedtouse.AnadministratorcandeliberatelylimitaserversInternet
workloadbynotallowingittoreceiverequestsatfullcapacity,thussavingresourcesfor
otherprograms,suchase-mail.
throttling(n)~TherestrictionintheflowofdatawhenthetotalthroughputacrossEvent
Hubsinexceedstheaggregatethroughputunitallowances.
throughput(n)~Thedatatransferrateofanetwork,measuredasthenumberofbitsper
secondtransmitted.
throughput(n)~Thetotalamountofoutputproducedbyaresource.
Throughput~Thevolumeofworkorinformationflowingthroughasystem.
Throughput~Indatacommunications,thetotaltrafficbetweenstationsoveraperiodof
time.
Throughput~Ameasureoftheamountofinformationtransmittedoveranetworkina
givenperiodoftime.
ThroughputUnitHours(n)~TheunitofmeasuretocomputethetotalamountofaData
Lakeworkload.
thumb(n)~Thepartofaslidercontrolthatcanbemovedtosetthesliderposition.
thumbcontrol(n)~Thepartofaslidercontrolthatcanbemovedtosettheslider
position.
Thumbdrive~Acomputerstoragedeviceaboutthesizeofaman’sthumb,oftencarried
onakeyring,whichplugsintoaPC-USB-portandisseenbythePCasanextradrive-a
veryconvenientwaytocarrylargeamountsofdataaround.
thumbkeyboard(n)~Aspliton-screenkeyboardthatisoptimizedforthumbtyping.
thumbnail(n)~Aminiatureversionofanimagethatisoftenusedforquickbrowsing
throughmultipleimages.
thumbnailimage(n)~Aminiatureversionofanimagethatisoftenusedforquick
browsingthroughmultipleimages.
thumbnailpane(n)~Atypeofpanethatpresentsthecurrentscanneddocumentasoneor
moresmallimages.
thumbnailpicture(n)~Aminiatureversionofanimagethatisoftenusedforquick
browsingthroughmultipleimages.
thumbnailtoolbar(n)~Atoolbarcontrolthatisembeddedinawindow’sthumbnail
preview.ThumbnailtoolbarsareafeatureofpinnedsitesinInternetExplorer9.
thumbprint(n)~AhexadecimalstringthatcontainstheSHA-1hashofthecertificate.
thunk(n)~Asmallsectionofcodethatperformsatranslationorconversionduringacall
orindirection.Forexample,athunkisusedtochangethesizeortypeoffunction
parameterswhencallingbetween16-bitand32-bitcode.
thunk(v)~Tocall32-bitcodefrom16-bitcode,orviceversa.Thunkinginvolves,in
largepart,thetranslationtoandfrom16-bitsegmentoffsetmemoryaddressingand32-bit
flat,orlinear,memoryaddressing.
tick(n)~Aregular,rapidlyrecurringsignalemittedbyaclockingcircuit.
tickcount(n)~Amonotonicallyincreasingnumberthatisusedtouniquelyidentifya
changetoaniteminareplica.
tickmark(n)~Asmalllineofmeasurement,similartoadivisiononaruler,that
intersectsanaxis.
tickmarklabel(n)~Alabelthatidentifiesthecategories,values,orseriesinachart.
ticker(PN)~Afeaturethatdisplaysthepricesofsecurities;nameisderivedfroma
telegraphicreceivinginstrumentthatautomaticallyprintedstockquotationsontickertape.
tickersymbol(n)~Anidentificationcodeusedtoidentifyapubliclytradedcorporation
onaparticularstockmarket.
TickerTape(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Ticket(n)~ArecordwithinParatureofacase,issue,orquestionthatissubmittedbya
CustomerorbyaCSRonbehalfofaCustomer.
tick-marklabel(n)~Alabelthatidentifiesthecategories,values,orseriesinachart.
TID(n)~A9-digitnumberusedtoidentifyanentity(companyorperson)fortax
reportingpurposesintheU.S.Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoftaxidentification
numbers,suchasemployeridentificationnumber(EIN),SocialSecuritynumber(SSN),
individualtaxpayeridentificationnumber(ITIN),andadoptedtaxpayeridentification
number(ATIN).
tidalvolume(n)~Thevolumeofairinspiredorexpiredateachbreath.
TIE(PN)~Theenginethatdetectsanddecideswhatagesture(tap,pinch,zoom)means.
tier(n)~Anelementofaservicetemplatethatcontainstheconfigurationsettings
necessarytodeployaparticularportionofaservice.
tieredstorage(n)~Storagethatsupportsmultiplestoragetierswithinapoolandwaysto
maintaindataineachstoragetier.
tieringengine(n)~Aservicethattracksregionsofstorageandmaymovedatabetween
thembasedonaninput/outputpolicyorotheradministrator-specifiedrules.
tieringpolicyengine(n)~Aservicethattracksregionsofstorageandmaymovedata
betweenthembasedonaninput/outputpolicyorotheradministrator-specifiedrules.
TIFF(n)~Ahighresolution,tag-basedimageformatusedforscanning,storing,and
combininggraphicimages.
TIFF,Tif~(TaggedImageFileFormat)-Atypeofgraphics(picture)file,oftenusedfor
photographs.Thefilesareusuallyhuge,asthedataisnotcompressed.Filesinthisformat
usuallyhavenamesending.tif.
tilde(n)~The~character.
TILDE(n)~The~character.
tile(v)~Incomputer-graphicsprogramming,tofilladjacentblocksofpixelsonthescreen
withadesignorpatternwithoutallowinganyblockstooverlap.
tile(v)~Tofillthespaceonamonitororwithinasmallerareawithmultiplecopiesofthe
samegraphicimage.
tile(v)~Toprintadocumentinoverlappingpieces.
tile(n)~Animagethatusesapprovedproductsignaturelockups,keybrandandproduct
identityelementsandcolors,andtheMicrosoftlogo.
tile(n)~AmoveableobjectontheStartscreenthatopensappsorothercustomized
content,likepinnedwebsites.
tile(n)~AUIelementconsistingofarectanglethatcontainsasetofdata.Tilescanoften
berearrangedorhidden.
tile(n)~Anelementinacontroltemplatethathasspecial,possiblymandatory,
significanceandsemanticsinthefunctioningofthecontrol.Forexample,atemplatefora
ScrollBarcontrolshouldsupplyaThumbpartfortheScrollBartofunctioncorrectly,butit
neednotprovideasmalldecreaseorasmallincreasebutton.
tilebrush(n)~Abrushusedtofilltheinteriorsofgraphicalshapessuchasrectangles,
ellipses,pies,polygons,andpathswithatilepattern.
tilehorizontally(v)~Torearrangeandresizeopenfilesorwindowsintohorizontaltiles
thatdisplayaboveandbelowoneanotherwithoutoverlapping.
Tileimage(n)~AUIelementthatenablesausertorepeatanimagesothatitfillsthe
page.
tileserver(n)~Amapimagecachingenginethatcachesandservespregenerated,fixed-
sizemapimagetiles.
tilevertically(v)~Torearrangeandresizeopenfilesorwindowsintoverticaltilesthat
displaynexttooneanotherwithoutoverlapping.
tiledresourcing(n)~Agraphicsfeaturethatallowslargelogicalresourcestooccupyonly
asmallamountofphysicalmemory,whichcanbedynamicallyremappedastherelevant
applicationneedsit.
till(n)~Theremovabletrayinacashregisterdrawer.
time(n)~Thetimethepreventivemaintenanceroutinewascompleted.
time(n)~ASQLServersystemdatatypethatstoresatimevaluefrom0:00through
23:59:59.999999.
Time&expenses(PN)~TheBusinesssubcategorycontainingappstohelpbusinesses
keeptrackofhowmuchtimeandmoneyarespentonvariousprojectsoraccounts.
timeallowance(n)~Thenumberofhoursorminutesperdaythatachildisallowedtouse
thecomputer.
timeandmaterialproject(n)~Anexternalprojectthatisinvoicedasworkprogresses
basedontheconsumptionofhours,expenses,items,fees,andon-accounttransactions.
timeandmaterials(n)~Atypeofcontractinwhichthefinalpricepaidisbasedonthe
amountoftimeittooktocompletetheprojectandthecostofthematerialsused.
timeandmaterialsproject(n)~Aprojectwherethevendorinvoicesthecustomerbased
onworkcompletedonthejob.Thereisadirectrelationshipbetweentheinvoicelinesand
theusagealreadyperformedonthejob.
TimeAttackMode(n)~AmenuitemonthePurblePlacemenuthatallowstheuserto
selectatimedmodefortheirgame.
TimeBroker(n)~Afeaturethatprovidestimeeventsthatcanbeusedtoinitiate
backgroundworkinsuspendedapps.
timecode(n)~Adigitalsignalappliedtoastream.Thesignalassignsanumbertoevery
frameofvideo,representinghours,minutes,seconds,andframes.
timedimension(n)~AdimensionthatbreakstimedownintolevelssuchasYear,Quarter,
Month,andDay.
timeevent(n)~Aneventthatoccursafteradesignatedperiodoftimeoronthe
occurrenceofagivendateortime.Atimeeventisindicatedbythekeywordafter,
followedbyanexpressionthatevaluatestoanamountoftime.
TimeEventBroker(n)~Afeaturethatprovidestimeeventsthatcanbeusedtoinitiate
backgroundworkinsuspendedapps.
timefence(n)~Atimeinterval,specifiedindays,thatdefinesandlimitswhichdataare
includedinamasterschedulingcalculation.
timeformula(n)~AnexpressionthatiscreatedfollowingtheSimpleTimePeriod
Syntax.Ittakestheformofatimeunitplusorminusawholenumber,suchasYear-1or
Month-6.Itistheformulathatisappliedwhenyouareusingtimeintelligenceona
dashboard.
timeframe(n)~Aperiodoftimeduringwhichsomethingtakesplaceorisplannedto
takeplace.
timegrain(n)~TheaggregationintervalofametricforVirtualMachinesmetrics.
timehorizon(n)~Themaximumlengthoftimeforwhichfutureoperationsareplanned.
timeintelligence(n)~Functionalitythatisusedtoshowdynamictimeperiodsrelativeto
thecurrentdate.
timeintelligencefilter(n)~Adynamicdashboardfilterthatcanbelinkedtoscorecards
andreportssothattheywillupdateautomaticallyrelativetothecurrenttime.
timeinterval(n)~Aperiodoftimeinwhichagiveneventisvalid.Thevalidtimeinterval
includesthevalidstarttime,andallmomentsoftimeupto,butnotincludingthevalidend
time.
TimeManagement(n)~TheDuetend-userapplicationthatenablesuserstoview,create,
andmaintaintheirdatafortimerecordingactivitiesinMicrosoftOfficeOutlook.Users
canaddtime-reportingdatainOutlookintheformofCalendaritems,whichareintegrated
withtime-reporting-complianceguidelinesdefinedinSAPsystems.
TimeOff(PN)~AmenuitemontheSetUpmenuthatopenstheTimeOffdialog,which
defineshowmuchoftheuser’sscheduleisaffectedbyaschedulechange.
timeout(v)~Toreachtheendofapre-determinedperiodofinactivityorabsenceof
expectedeventoraction,afterwhichadevice,program,orprocessistypicallydeactivated
orinterrupted.
timepickercontrol(n)~Acontrolthatdevelopersusetoallowausertoselectatime.
timeproject(n)~Aninternalprojectforwhichonlyhourtransactionsareregistered.
timerange(n)~Aperiodoftimeduringwhichasettingorotherfunctionalityisineffect.
timereminder(n)~Aremindersetbytheusertogooffataparticulartime.
TimeSensitiveAlert(TSA)(oth)~Analertthatfiresbasedoncustomcriteriaafter
Ticketshavebeenidleforaspecifiedperiodoftime.
timeserver(n)~Acomputerthatperiodicallysynchronizesthetimeonallcomputers
withinanetwork.Thisensuresthatthetimeusedbynetworkservicesandlocalfunctions
remainsaccurate.
timeslip(n)~Anareaintheproductthatkeepstrackofhowmuchtimeaprojecttakes
andallowsyoutoanalyzeallthetimethatisspentworkingonataskoraproject.
timestamp(n)~Acertificationspecifyingthataparticularmessageexistedataspecific
timeanddate.Inadigitalcontext,trustedthirdpartiesgenerateatrustedtimestampfora
particularmessagebyhavingatimestampingserviceappendatimevaluetoamessage
andthendigitallysigningtheresult.
timestamp(n)~Arecordofthetimethatadocumentwascreatedandmodified.
timestampauthority(n)~Aserviceacknowledgingthatthedataexistedbeforea
particulartime.Theserviceistypicallyatrustedthirdparty.
TimeSynchronizationPacket(n)~ApacketthatinstructstheLowerProvisioning
Module(LPM)whattimeitis(inUTCformat).
TimetoLive(n)~AtimervalueincludedinpacketssentoverTCP/IP-basednetworks
thattellstherecipientshowlongtoholdorusethepacketoranyofitsincludeddata
beforeexpiringanddiscardingthepacketordata.
timetravel(v)~Theprocessofmovingbetweentimeframes.
timevalue(n)~Thenumberofminutes,hours,days,etc.
timezone(n)~Ageographicalareathatobservesthesamelocaltime.Thelocaltimehasa
positive,zero,ornegativeoffsetfromCoordinatedUniversalTime(UTC).Theoffsetcan
bedifferentduringstandardtimeanddaylightsavingtime.
timezoneID(n)~Astringthatrepresentsatimezoneonacomputer.
Time-BasedAssistant(PN)~AcomponentinExchange2013thatperformsbackground
tasks,suchasmailboxdatabasemaintenance,mailboxprocessing,inferencetraining,
calendarrepair,offlineaddressbookgeneration,andmore.
Time-BasedAssistant(PN)~AcomponentinExchange2013thatperformsbackground
tasks,suchasmailboxdatabasemaintenance,mailboxprocessing,inferencetraining,
calendarrepair,offlineaddressbookgeneration,andmore.
Time-BasedIn-PlaceHold(n)~AfeaturethatprovidestheabilitytokeepSharePoint
itemsonIn-PlaceHoldforaspecifictimeperiod.
timeline(n)~Aviewonacalendarthatdisplaysitemssuchasmeetingsandeventsfrom
lefttorightonatimescaleandthatcanincorporateitemsfrommultiplecalendars.
timeline(n)~Alinearrepresentationofactivitiesshowninchronologicalorder,suchas
theactivitiesthatleaduptoasale.
timeline(n)~Arepresentationofasegmentoftimeduringwhichchangesoccurona
propertyatintervalscalledkeyframes.Youcanspecifythelengthofthetimesegment,
whenitshouldstart,howmanytimesitwillrepeat,andmore.
timeline(n)~Ahigh-levellinearrepresentationofaprojectschedulethatcanbeeasily
formatted,annotated,andcopiedandpastedfromProjectintootherOfficeapplications.
Timeline(PN)~?Agraphiccontrolthatallowsuserstoselecttimeperiodsfordata
filtering,usingafamiliarlineartimerepresentation.
timelineeditor(n)~TheareaintheInteractionpanelwhereausercaneditindividual
timelines.
timelinesnapping(n)~Snappingthemovementoftheplayheadduringframe-by-frame
playback,andsnappingkeyframes,tospecificintervalsonthetimeline.
timelinezoom(n)~Azoomthatdisplaysasmallerorlargerrangeoftimeonthetimeline.
Time-onlyentrypoint(oth)~Anentrypointwhereonlytheprocessingtimewillbe
captured,withoutanyruntimevariables.
timeout(n)~SettingsinWebplayliststhatspecifyhowlongaplaylistisavailableto
clients.Whenthetime-outvalueisreached,clientsaredisconnected.
timeout~Eventthatoccurswhenonenetworkdeviceexpectstohearfromanother
networkdevicewithinaspecifiedperiodoftime,butdoesnot.Theresultingtimeout
usuallyresultsinaretransmissionofinformationorthedissolvingofthesessionbetween
thetwodevices.
time-out(n)~Aneventthatoccurswhenapredeterminedamountoftimehaselapsed
withoutsomeotherexpectedeventoractivitytakingplace.
time-outerror(n)~Aconditionwhereanexpectedcharacterisnotreceivedintime.
Whenthisconditionoccurs,thesoftwareassumesthatthedatahasbeenlostandrequests
thatitberesent.
timephased(adj)~Pertainingtoatask,resource,orassignmentinformationthatis
distributedovertime.
timer(n)~Aninternalroutinethatcausesthesystemtosendamessagewhenevera
specifiedintervalelapses.
timer(n)~Amechanismthatmeasuresthedurationofevents,likecalls,Internettime,etc.
timer(n)~Amechanismthatmeasurestheremainingtimefromapresetamountoftime
andsoundsanalarmwhenthistimehaselapsed.
timeraccount(n)~Adedicated,administrator-leveluseraccountthatperformsscheduled
administrativetasks.
TimerCoalescenceAPI(PN)~AnativeAPIthatallowsappsthataren’tWindowsStore
appsandthatusetimerstocoalescetimermessagessuchthatwhenthescreenisoff,
timerscontinuetofirebuttheappwakeslessoften,thussavingbatterylife.
timercontrol(n)~Acontrolthatcanbeputonacaseformthatdisplaysatimerindicating
howmuchtimehaselapsed,orhowmuchtimeisleft,foraservicecall.
timerjob(n)~AtriggertostarttorunaspecificWindowsserviceforoneofthe
MicrosoftSharePointProductsandTechnologies.Itcontainsadefinitionoftheserviceto
runandspecifieshowfrequentlytheserviceshouldbestarted.
timescale(n)~ThetimeperiodindicatoratthetopoftheGanttviews,theResourceGraph
view,theTaskUsageview,andtheResourceUsageview.Youcancustomizeittoshow
uptothreetiersthatcandisplayvarioustimeunits:top,middle,andbottom.
timesheet(n)~Arecordofanemployee’sworkhoursforoneweek.
timesheetmanager(n)~Thepersontowhomyourtimesheetissubmitted.Iftheuserand
thetimesheetmanagerarethesameperson,anautomaticapprovalwillbeperformedupon
submittal.
timestamp(n)~Adatatypethatisautomaticallyupdatedeverytimearowisinsertedor
updated.
timestepmode(n)~Awaytochangetheunitoftime.
Time-ZoneIndependent(PN)~ThebehaviorpropertyofaDateandTimeattribute
wherefieldvaluesaredisplayedwithnotimezoneconversion.
TIN(n)~A9-digitnumberusedtoidentifyanentity(companyorperson)fortax
reportingpurposesintheU.S.Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoftaxidentification
numbers,suchasemployeridentificationnumber(EIN),SocialSecuritynumber(SSN),
individualtaxpayeridentificationnumber(ITIN),andadoptedtaxpayeridentification
number(ATIN).
tint(n)~Acolormixedwithwhite.A10-percenttintisonepartoftheoriginalcolorand
ninepartswhite.
TINY(n)~AUNICODEcharacter;mathematicalsymbol;plussign.
tinyint(n)~Adatatypeof1byte(8bits)thatstoreswholenumbersintherangeof0
through255.
tip(n)~Atypeofnotethathelpsusersapplythetechniquesandproceduresdescribedin
thetexttotheirspecificneeds.Atipsuggestsalternativemethodsthatmaynotbeobvious
andhelpsusersunderstandthebenefitsandcapabilitiesoftheproduct.Atipisnot
essentialtothebasicunderstandingofthetext.
tip(n)~ThetextdisplayedinCortanascreentoeducatetheuseraboutwhatCortanacan
doaswellastohelptheuserlearnwhathecansaytocontinuewiththetask.
TipoftheDay(n)~Atipthatprovidesusefulinformationaboutproductfeaturesforthe
user.Anewtipisdisplayedeachday.
title(n)~OnaDVD,typically,thelargestunitofcontent,suchasamovieorTVprogram,
iscalledatitle.ThereisnotaconsistentstandardacrossallDVDsandbecauseofthis,a
DVDcancontainoneormoretitles.
Titlearea(n)~TheareaatthetopofaWindowsJournalnotewhereyoucanwriteatitle.
Thetitleappearsasthesuggestedfilenamewhenyousavethenote.
titlebar(n)~Thehorizontalbaratthetopofawindowthatdisplaysthenameofthe
window.Titlebarscancontaindifferentbuttons,suchtheMinimize,Maximize,andClose
buttons,sothatyoucancontrolhowyouwanttoviewthewindow.
titlecase(n)~Acasedistinctioninwhicheveryword’sfirstchararacterisuppercaseand
theremaininglettersarelowercase.
titlemaster(n)~Theslidethatstoresinformationfromthedesigntemplatepertainingto
stylesontitleslides,includingplaceholdersizesandpositions,backgrounddesign,and
colorschemes.
TitledMatrix(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowtherelationshipsoffour
quadrantstoawhole.ThefirstlineofLevel1textcorrespondstothecentralshape,and
thefirstfourlinesofLevel2textappearinthequadrants.Unusedtextdoesnotappear,
butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
TLB(n)~Atableusedinavirtualmemorysystemthatliststhephysicaladdresspage
numberassociatedwitheachvirtualaddresspagenumber.ATLBisusedinconjunction
withacachewhosetagsarebasedonvirtualaddresses.Thevirtualaddressispresented
simultaneouslytotheTLBandtothecachesothatcacheaccessandvirtual-to-physical
addresstranslationcanoccursimultaneously.
TLD(n)~IntheInternetandothernetworks,thehighestsubdivisionofadomainnamein
anetworkaddress,whichidentifiesthetypeofentityowningtheaddress(forexample,
.comforcommercialusersor.eduforeducationalinstitutions)orthegeographical
locationoftheaddress(forexample,.frforFranceor.sgforSingapore).Thedomainis
thelastpartoftheaddress(forexample,www.acm.org).
TLD~(TopLevelDomain).Thepartofaninternetaddressbetweenthelast.andtheend
oftheaddress,excludingthepath/addressofaspecificpageifpresent.TLDsinclude
.com,.org,.net,andallthenationaldomainssuchas.ukfortheUKand.frforFrance.See
also-domain,-registrar,-Howwebaddresseswork.
TLS(n)~Aprotocolthatprovidescommunicationsprivacyandsecuritybetweentwo
applicationscommunicatingoveranetwork.TLSencryptscommunicationsandenables
clientstoauthenticateserversand,optionally,serverstoauthenticateclients.TLSisa
moresecureversionoftheSecureSocketsLayer(SSL)protocol.
TLSauthentication(n)~AuthenticationbyusingtheTransportLayerSecurity(TLS)
protocol.
TLSencryption(n)~AgenericsecurityprotocolsimilartoSecureSocketsLayer(SSL),
usedwithSimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP).
TLV(n)~AmethodoforganizingdatathatinvolvesaTypecode(16bit),aspecified
lengthofaValuefield(16bit),andthedataintheValuefield(variable).
TM(n)~Astorageareathatshowstheassociationbetweentextsegmentsinasource
languageandtheirtranslationsintooneormoretargetlanguages.
Tobox(n)~Atextboxwheresomeoneentersthee-mailaddressesoftheprimary
recipientsofane-mailmessage.
tocompleteperformanceindex(n)~Theratiooftheworkremainingtobedonetofunds
remainingtobespent,asofthestatusdate[BAC-BCWP]/[BAC-ACWP].ATCPIvalue
greaterthanoneindicatesaneedforincreasedperformance;lessthanoneindicates
performancecandecrease.
ToDo(n)~AtaskonaToDolistinaWorksproject.
ToDoList(n)~AlistofToDoitemsassociatedwithaparticularproject.
Toline(n)~Thepartofamessageheaderthatcontainsthee-mailaddressesofthe
primaryrecipientsofane-mailmessage.
toast(n)~Atransientmessagethatcontainsrelevant,time-sensitiveinformationandthat
providesquickaccesstothesubjectofthatcontentinanapp.
toastnotification(n)~Atransientmessagethatcontainsrelevant,time-sensitive
informationandthatprovidesquickaccesstothesubjectofthatcontentinanapp.
Tobacco(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
TobaccoReference(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
TOC(n)~Thelistingofcontentsatthebeginningofadocumentorfile.
Today(PN)~ThetitleofthewindowinwhichtheWindowsLiveMessengerTodaypage
isdisplayed.
Todaypage(n)~AcustomizablepagethatlauncheswithWindowsLiveMessengerand
featuresasummaryofnewsandweather,allowsacustomertopreviewtheirWindows
LiveMailinboxandsearchtheInternet.
to-do(adj)~Pertainingtotasksthatneedtobedone.
to-do(n)~Apendingtask.
To-DoBar(n)~AnareawithintheOutlookapplicationwindowthatcanbeenabledto
showanoverviewoftheuser’sschedule,tasksandfrequentcontacts.
to-dolist(n)~Alistoftasksthatarenotassociatedwithaprojectschedule.
toggle(adj)~Pertainingtoanelectronicdevicewithtwostatesoraprogramoptionthat
canbeturnedonoroffusingthesameaction,suchasamouseclick.
togglebutton(n)~Abuttoncontrolwithinagraphicaluserinterfacethatwhenclicked
remainsdown’(appearingtobepressed)untilitisclickedagain.Itcandisplayeithertext
orapicture
toggleflag(PN)~Amenuoptiontochangetheflagstatusofanemail.
togglekey(n)~Akeyboardkeythatalternatesbetweenturningaparticularoperation,
function,ormodeonoroff.
ToggleKeys(PN)~Afeaturethatsetsyourkeyboardtobeepwhenoneofthelocking
keys(CAPSLOCK,NUMLOCK,orSCROLLLOCK)isturnedonoroff.
togglescreen(v)~InWindowsMediaPlayerMobile,anoptionalsettingthatenablesthe
usertotogglethedevice’sdisplayonandoff.Thisisuseful,forexample,whentheuseris
playingmusicusingWindowsMediaPlayeronamobiledeviceandwantstoconserve
batterylife.Whenthedisplayistoggledoff,pressinganykeywillturnthedisplayback
on.
token(n)~Anynonreducibletextualelementindatathatisbeingparsed.Forexample,the
useinaprogramofavariablename,areservedword,oranoperator.Storingtokensas
shortcodesshortensprogramfilesandspeedsexecution.
token(n)~Fornetworking,auniquestructureormessagethatcirculatescontinuously
amongthenodesofatokenringanddescribesthecurrentstateofthenetwork.Beforeany
nodecansendamessageonthenetwork,itmustfirstwaittocontrolthetoken.
token(n)~Theunique,25-charactercodeonaprepaidcardthataddscomputerusetime
toyourprepaidcomputerorthatpaysforyoursubscription.
token~Framethatcontainscontrolinformation.Possessionofthetokenallowsanetwork
devicetotransmitdataontothenetwork.
token~Thebasicsyntacticunitofacomputinglanguage.
token~Thebasictextualunitsthatareindexedbyenterprisesearch.
tokendecryptingcertificate(n)~AstandardX509certificatethatisusedtodecryptany
incomingtoken.
tokensigningcertificate(n)~AnX509certificatewhoseassociatedpublic/privatekey
pairisusedbyfederationserverstodigitallysignallsecuritytokensthattheyproduce.
tokensubscription(n)~Asubscriptionthatcanonlybepaidwithaprepaidcard.
token-basedactivation(n)~Aspecializedactivationoptionavailableforapproved
MicrosoftVolumeLicensingcustomersthatenablescustomerstousepublickey
infrastructure(PKI)anddigitalcertificates(or-€œtokens,-€?typicallystoredonsmart
cards)toactivateWindowsVistaEnterpriseandWindowsServer2008SP2locally
withoutcontactingeithercustomer-hostedKMSortheMicrosoft-hostedactivationservice
usingMAK.
tokencode(n)~Thecodeusedtoactivateatoken.
tokenization(n)~IntextminingorFull-TextSearch,theprocessofidentifying
meaningfulunitswithinstrings,eitheratwordboundaries,morphemes,orstems,sothat
relatedtokenscanbegrouped.Forexample,althoughSanFrancisco’istwowords
token-signingcertificate(n)~AnX509certificatewhoseassociatedpublic/privatekey
pairisusedbyfederationserverstodigitallysignallsecuritytokensthattheyproduce.
toll(n)~Thetollphonenumberfortheconferencingservice.IntheOptionsdialogbox,
ontheAccounttab,thisisoneoftheconferencinginformationsettingsneededforauser
tojoinaconference.
toll-free(n)~Thetoll-freephonenumberfortheconferencingservice.IntheOptions
dialogbox,ontheAccounttab,thisisoneoftheconferencinginformationsettingsneeded
forausertojoinaconference.
tombstone(n)~WhenanapponWindowsPhoneisdeactivated,arecordthatiskeptby
theoperatingsystemaboutwhichscreentheuserwason.
toning(n)~Theprocessofapplyingacertaincoloroverlaytoanimage.Forexample,a
sepia-tonedpicture.
ToningHue(n)~Acontrolthatletsauseradjustthecolorofthetonetheywishtoapply
totheirB&Wimage.
ToningIntensity(n)~Acontrolthatletsauseradjusttheintensityofthecoloroverlay
thatisappliedtotheirB&Wimage,therebygivingitatone.
tool(n)~Autilityorfeaturethataidsinaccomplishingataskorsetoftasks.
toolpane(n)~AtaskpaneonaWebPartPageusedtobrowse,searchfor,andimport
WebPartsfromWebPartgalleries,andtomodifycustomandcommonWebPart
properties.
toolpart(n)~Acontrolinthetoolpanethatallowsuserstosetproperties,execute
commands,invokewizards,andmanipulateWebPartsonaWebPartPage.
toolwindow(oth)~AchildwindowoftheVisualStudioIntegratedDevelopment
Environment(IDE)usedtodisplayinformation.
toolbar(n)~Arow,column,orblockofbuttonsoricons,usuallydisplayedacrossthetop
ofthescreen,thatrepresenttasksorcommandswithintheprogram.Thetoolbarbuttons
provideshortcutstocommontasksfrequentlyaccessedfromthemenus.
toolbar(n)~Ahorizontalgroupingofactionsthatapplytothecontainer(orcontainers)
withwhichthetoolbarisassociated.Forexample,acontainerinwhichmailisviewed
mighthaveanactiontoolbarwithoptionsthatincludeReply,Delete,andMoveto.
Toolbar~Anextrasetofcontrolsthatcanbeaddedtomanyprogramsortheoperating
system,toprovideextrafunctionalitynotpresentinthestandardversion.Atoolbaroften
comesfreewithdownloadedsoftwareandisintendedtotieyoutoonecompany’s
products,especiallyinternetsearch.
toolbarbutton(n)~Acommandbuttonusedinatoolbar(orstatusbar).
toolbarcontrol(n)~AstandardWindowscontroldesignedwiththesamecharacteristics
asthetoolbar.
toolbareditboxbutton(n)~Thecommandsfortheribbonappearasadropdownmenu
thatappearswhentheuserclicksthedefaultbutton.
toolbox(n)~Abundleofsoftware,services,marketingmaterials,etc.,bundledtogether
andmeanttobeusedtogether.
Toolbox(PN)~AfeaturethatprovidesahomefortheOfficeScrapbook,Compatibility
Report,ProjectPaletteandReferencePaneandisshownasafloatingpalette.
toolbox(n)~Asetofcontrols,drawingtools,andmanipulationtoolsthatcanbeusedto
addandmodifyvisualelementsinyourdocument.
toolchain(n)~Acollectionofprogrammingtoolsusedinaserialmannerusedfor
developingapplicationsandoperatingsystems.
toolkit(n)~Abundleofsoftware,services,marketingmaterials,etc.,bundledtogether
andmeanttobeusedtogether.
Tools(PN)~Anappcategorythatoffersusefultoolstoextendthecapabilitiesof
Windows.
tools+productivity(PN)~Anappcategorythataugmentsorenhancesthestandard
phoneexperience.
ToolsforMaintainingStoreapps(n)~ThetoolswhichenableyoutoserviceyourStore
applications.
ToolsforMaintainingStoreappsforWindows8(n)~Thetoolswhichenableyouto
servicetheWindows8versionofStoreapplications.
tooltip(n)~Asmallpop-upwindowthatprovidesabriefnoteorlabelpertainingtothe
itemorcontrolbeingpointedto.
tooltip(n)~TextdisplayedinBizTalkMapperforthoseschemanodesthatarehidden
partiallyorcompletelyfromthecurrentalignmentinthegridview.
Topalbums(PN)~ThecollectiontitleformusicalbumsthatareinthetopN%of
sales/plays.
topappbar(n)~Anappbarthatappearsalongthetopedgeofthescreenandmay
includeappcommandsornavigation.
Topartists(PN)~ThecollectiontitleformusicalartiststhatareinthetopN%of
sales/plays.
Topcharts(PN)~ThesectionoftheStorethatincludesthetopapps,games,movies,and
TVcharts(Free,Paid,Newandrising,Grossing,andBestrated).
Topfree(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarefreeatanypointin
time.
TopFreeApps(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarefreeatany
pointintime.
Topfreeapps(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarefreeatany
pointintime.
TopFreeGames(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarefreeatany
pointintime.
Topfreegames(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarefreeatany
pointintime.
Topgrossing(PN)~Thecategoryofpaiditems(appsorgames)thatareinthetopof
grosssalesovertheirlifetime.
Topgrossingapps(PN)~Thecategoryofpaiditems(appsorgames)thatareinthetopof
grosssalesovertheirlifetime.
Topgrossinggames(PN)~Thecategoryofpaiditems(appsorgames)thatareinthetop
ofgrosssalesovertheirlifetime.
Topmovierentals(PN)~ThecollectiontitleformoviesthatareinthetopN%ofrentals.
Topmusic(PN)~ThecollectiontitleformusicitemsthatareinthetopN%ofsales/plays.
Toppaid(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarenotfreeatany
pointintime.
TopPaidApps(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarenotfreeat
anypointintime.
Toppaidapps(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarenotfreeat
anypointintime.
TopPaidGames(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarenotfreeat
anypointintime.
Toppaidgames(PN)~Thecategoryofthetopitems(appsorgames)thatarenotfreeat
anypointintime.
topplaylists(n)~Themostplayedmusicplaylists.
Toprated(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforitemsthatareinthetopN%ofratings.
toprating(n)~Inmostcases,thehighestratingthatyoucanassigntoafile,e.g.afive-
starrating’.’
Toprentals(PN)~ThecollectiontitleformoviesorTVepisodesthatareinthetopN%
ofrentals.
topresult(n)~Thesearchresultthatismostrelevanttoauser.
topresults(n)~Anarrangementofsearchresultsorderedbyrelevanceusingaspecial
searchalgorithm.
Topselling(PN)~ThecollectiontitleforitemsthatareinthetopN%ofsales.
topsongs(n)~ThemostplayedsongsinXboxMusicStore.
Topsongs(PN)~ThecollectiontitleformusicsongsthatareinthetopN%ofsales/plays.
TopTV(PN)~ThecategorythatincludesthemostpopularTVshowsintheVideoStore.
Top-foldcard(n)~OneofthepagesizeoptionsavailableinPublisherforprintinga
foldedcard.Thisoptionprintsfourpagespersheetofpaper,withfoldontop.
topic(n)~Thesubjectofadynamicdataexchange(DDE)conversationbetweentwo
applications.
topic(n)~Someoneorsomethingthatpeopletalkorwriteabout.
topic(n)~AnAzureServiceBusmessagingentitythatprovidesaone-to-manyformof
communicationinapublishpattern.Messagesarepublishedtoatopicandarethenmade
availabletorecipientsthathavesubscribedtothattopic.
TopicAssistant(n)~Atoolusedtocategorizecontentintoareasautomatically.
topicbranch(n)~IntheGitcontext,adiversionfromthemainlineofdevelopmentto
workwithoutmessingwiththatmainline.
topiccategory(n)~Agroupofrelatedsearchtopics.
topicfeeds(n)~Feedsthatprovideinformationandnotificationsbasedonthepersistent
chatroomthatyouarefollowing.
top-leveldomain(n)~IntheInternetandothernetworks,thehighestsubdivisionofa
domainnameinanetworkaddress,whichidentifiesthetypeofentityowningtheaddress
(forexample,.comforcommercialusersor.eduforeducationalinstitutions)orthe
geographicallocationoftheaddress(forexample,.frforFranceor.sgforSingapore).The
domainisthelastpartoftheaddress(forexample,www.acm.org).
top-levelfolder(n)~Theuppermostdirectoryonacomputer,partitionorvolume.
top-levelpropertygrid(n)~Apropertygridthatonlydisplaysthepropertiesthatappear
inthesentence-levelviewofanaction.
top-levelsite(n)~AWebsiteatthetopofthehierarchyinasitecollection,fromwhich
youcanmanagesitecollectionfeatures.
top-levelWebsite(n)~Thedefault,top-levelsiteprovidedbyaWebserverorvirtual
server.Togainaccesstothetop-levelWebsite,yousupplytheURLoftheserverwithout
specifyingapagenameorsubsite.
top-levelwindow(n)~Awindowthathasnoparent,orwhoseparentisthedesktop.Top-
levelwindowsaretypicallyusedastheprimarywindowinanapplication.
topology(n)~InActiveDirectoryreplication,thesetofconnectionsthatdomain
controllersusetoreplicateinformationamongthemselves.
topology(n)~Thephysicallayoutofcomputers,cables,switches,routers,andother
componentsofanetwork.
topology(n)~Theorderinwhichchangesarepropagatedfromreplicatoreplica.
Topologydetermineshowquicklychangesinanotherreplicaappearinyourreplica.
TopologyBuilder(PN)~AninstallationcomponentofLyncServerusedtodisplay,
adjust,andvalidateaplannedtopology.
Top-ratedmovies(PN)~ThecollectiontitleformoviesthatareinthetopN%ofratings.
to-productionbin(n)~Thestagebinwherepickedcomponentsareplacedbefore
consumption.
Top-sellingmovies(PN)~ThecollectiontitleformoviesthatareinthetopN%ofsales.
Torrent~Amethodofmakingdataavailablefordownloadovertheinternet,wherethe
recipientofdataisexpectedtomakethedataavailabletoothersfordownloadfromtheir
PC,ratherthanallusersdownloadingfromacentralserver.Typicallymuchofthedatais
bootlegsoftware,audioandvideo.Becausethedataisdistributedfrommultiple
computersallovertheplaceratherthanacentralpoint,itisdifficulttopolice.
Torrent~Amethodofmakingdataavailablefordownloadovertheinternet,wherethe
recipientofdataisexpectedtomakethedataavailabletoothersfordownloadfromtheir
PC,ratherthanallusersdownloadingfromacentralserver.
total(n)~Thewholesum,quantity,amount,oraggregate.
totalcostofownership(n)~Specifically,thecostofowning,operating,andmaintaining
asinglePC;moregenerally,thecosttobusinessesandorganizationsofsettingupand
maintainingcomplexandfar-reachingnetworkedcomputersystems.Totalcostof
ownershipincludestheup-frontcostsofhardwareandsoftwareaddedtolatercostsof
installation,personneltraining,technicalsupport,upgrades,andrepairs.Industry
initiativesdesignedtolowerthetotalcostofownershipincludecentralizednetwork
managementandadministration,aswellashardwaresolutionsintheformofnetwork-
basedcomputerswithorwithoutlocalstorageandexpansioncapability.
totalfield(n)~Afieldthatsummarizesdatafromtheunderlyingrecordsource.Atotal
fieldmightuseasummaryfunction,suchasSumorCount,oruseanexpressionto
calculatesummaryvalues.
totalpricevariance(n)~Thesumoflinepricevarianceamountsforavendorinvoice
whencomparedwithrelatedpurchaseorderlines.
TotalQualityManagementdiagram(n)~Aflowchartusedtocomparecurrentandideal
processes,andtounderstandhowthestepsinaprocessworktogether.
totalrow(n)~Aspecialrowinalistortablethatprovidesaselectionofaggregate
functionsusefulforworkingwithnumericaldata.
totalslack(n)~Theamountoftimethatataskcanslipbeforeitdelaystheproject.
totaltime(oth)~Thetimethatiselapsedbetweenthetimeafunctionstartsexecution
untilthetimeitterminatesexecution.Thisisthesumofthisfunction’sinternalprocessing
timeandallitscalleestotaltime.
totalsquery(n)~Aquerythatdisplaysasummarycalculation,suchasanaverageorsum,
forvaluesinvariousfieldsfromatableortables.Atotalsqueryisnotaseparatekindof
query;rather,itextendstheflexibilityofselectqueries.
totalsrow(n)~Aspecialrowinalistortablethatprovidesaselectionofaggregate
functionsusefulforworkingwithnumericaldata.
touch(n)~Afeaturethatenablesuserstoprovideinputthroughthescreenbyusinga
fingerorapen.
touchandhold(v)~Totapadevicescreenandholdone’sfingerorstylusinplace.
TouchDesign(n)~Afeaturethatcreatesnewandimprovedmobilebrowserviews.
Documentsaredisplayedasbigtouchabletilesonthescreen.Userscanviewtheirown
documents,shareddocuments,oronestheyfollow.Theycanopendocumentsorsharethe
URLofadocumentwithotherusers.Additionally,userscannavigatetoMail,Calendar,
People,andSitestoviewsitesthattheyfollowandthosepromotedbytheirsite
administrator.
touchDOMevent(n)~AtoucheventfortheWebandWindowsWebapplications.Web
developersusetouchDOMeventstoenabletouch.
touchflick(n)~Agestureyoucanmakewithaflickofyourfingertoquicklynavigate
andperformshortcuts.
TouchImprovements(n)~AutilitythatallowstheusertomodifyaspectsoftheUIto
facilitateuseofatouch-screenTabletPC.Allsettingscontrolledbytheutilityareeither
changedasagrouptoimprovethetouch-screenTabletPCexperienceortheyarereturned
totheirdefaultstates.
TouchInjectionAPI(PN)~AnativeAPIfortouchthatallowsadesktopapptosend
touchinputtothescreen(italreadyexistsformouseandkeyboard).Itsimulatestouchby
sendingmessagesthatlookliketouchmessages.Itcanbeusedtoautomatetestingofa
WindowsStoreapp(largercompany),andisusedtosupportaclassofdevices.
TouchInteractionEngine(PN)~Theenginethatdetectsanddecideswhatagesture(tap,
pinch,zoom)means.
touchkeyboard(n)~Asoftkeyboardthatisdisplayedwithadifferentsetofsettingsby
default(largerbuttons,biggersize,etc.)whenyoulaunchtheTabletPCInputPanelwith
touch.Thisistofacilitatetouchinput.
touchkeyboard(n)~Acontiguouson-screenkeyboard.
touchpad(n)~Avarietyofgraphicstabletthatusespressuresensors,ratherthanthe
electromagneticsusedinmoreexpensivehigh-resolutiontablets,totrackthepositionofa
deviceonitssurface.
touchpointer(n)~Atoolforaccessingright-clickmenusandtargetingsmallpiecesof
theinterfaceusingtouchinput.
touchprediction(n)~AWindows8featurethatcompensatesforhardwarethatdoesn’t
performtoexpectations.Itanticipatesauser’sintentforpanningandpredictsthepath.
touchscreen(n)~Atouch-sensitivescreenonyourdevicethatcanrecognizethelocation
ofatouch(ofafingertiporstylus,forexample)onitssurfaceandtranslatethattouchinto
adesiredaction(suchasopeninganitemormovingthecursor).
touchselection(n)~Selectingimagesand/ortextbytapping.
touchselectionhandle(n)~Ahandlethatenablestouchselectionscenariosthatarenot
possibleoraredifficulttoaccomplishwithstandardtouchgesturesalone.
touchtargeting(n)~Usingthetouchofyourfingertoguessyourintendedtargetinstead
oftheactualtarget.
touchtraining(n)~Afeaturethathelpsimprovetherecognitionofauser’stouchflicks
byaprocessinwhichtheuser’stouchflicksareanalyzed.
touchpad(n)~Avarietyofgraphicstabletthatusespressuresensors,ratherthanthe
electromagneticsusedinmoreexpensivehigh-resolutiontablets,totrackthepositionofa
deviceonitssurface.
Touchpad~Apressure-sensitivepadwhichreplacesthe-mouse-on
mostlaptop-and-netbook-computers.
touchscreen(n)~Atouch-sensitivescreenonyourdevicethatcanrecognizethelocation
ofatouch(ofafingertiporstylus,forexample)onitssurfaceandtranslatethattouchinto
adesiredaction(suchasopeninganitemormovingthecursor).
Touchscreen~Acomputerscreenwhichistouch-sensitive,usedto
controltablet-computersandmost-smartphones.Theyarealsowidelyusedforspecialised
applicationssuchassupermarketselfcheckoutsandpublicinformationdevices.
touchtone(n)~Aformofdialingthatusesmultiple-tonesignaling.Theuserhearsaseries
oftones(beeps)whendialing.
touchtonecommand(n)~Acommandtransmittedbytouchingbuttonsonadigital
keyboardwhichtransmitstonesforeachkeypress.
touchtonedialing(n)~Aformofdialingthatusesmultiple-tonesignaling.Theuserhears
aseriesoftones(beeps)whendialing.
touchtoneinterface(n)~AninterfacethatisusedtonavigatethemenusofaUnified
Messaging(UM)systemusingDTMFortouchtoneinputs.
TP(oth)~Aprocessingmethodinwhichtransactionsareexecutedimmediatelyafterthey
arereceivedbythesystem.
TPD(PN)~ApolicythatallowsforoneADRMSclustertoissueuselicensesagainst
publishinglicensesthatwereissuedbyadifferentADRMScluster.
TPH(n)~Amethodofmodelingatypehierarchyinadatabasethatincludestheattributes
ofallthetypesinthehierarchyinonetable.
TPL(n)~AsetofpublictypesandAPIsintheSystem.Threadingand
System.Threading.Tasksnamespacesinthe.NETFrameworkversion4andabove.The
purposeoftheTPListomakedevelopersmoreproductivebysimplifyingtheprocessof
addingparallelismandconcurrencytoapplications.
TPM(n)~Microchipdesignedtoprovidecertainbasicsecurity-relatedfunctionstothe
softwarethatutilizesTPM.
TPM(n)~Securityhardwarethatprovidesahardware-basedrootoftrustandcanbe
leveragedtoprovideavarietyofcryptographicservices,suchasearly-bootcomponent
checking.
TPMInitializationWizard(n)~Awizardthatinitializesatrustedplatformmodule
(TPM)hardware.
TPT(n)~Amethodofmodelingatypehierarchyinadatabasethatusesmultipletables
withone-to-onerelationshipstomodelthevarioustypes.
TQMdiagram(n)~Aflowchartusedtocomparecurrentandidealprocesses,andto
understandhowthestepsinaprocessworktogether.
trace(v)~Toexecuteaprograminsuchawaythatthesequenceofstatementsbeing
executedcanbeobserved.
trace(v)~Totrackaninventorydimensiontoshowitsrelatedreceiptsandissues.
trace(n)~AcollectionofeventsanddatareturnedbytheDatabaseEngine.
traceconsumer(n)~Anapplicationthatformatsanddisplaystracemessages.
tracecontroller(n)~Anapplicationthatenablestracingandconnectsthetraceprovider
withthetraceconsumer.
tracedefinition(n)~Astatementthatdefinesatrace.
tracedependency(n)~Akindofdependencythatindicatesahistoricalrelationship
betweentwoelementsthatrepresentthesameconceptatdifferentsemanticlevelsorfrom
differentpointsofview.
tracefile(n)~Afilecontainingrecordsofactivitiesofaspecifiedobject,suchasan
application,operatingsystem,ornetwork.AtracefilecanincludecallsmadetoAPIs,the
activitiesofAPIs,theactivitiesofcommunicationlinksandinternalflows,andother
information.
tracelog(n)~Thefilethatcontainstheinformationgatheredduringtracelogging.
tracelogging(n)~Ameansofcapturinghighlydetailedinformationaboutthe
PerformancePointServersystemwhenproblemsoccur.
tracemessage(n)~AmessagethatincludesthecurrentstatusofvariousCOM+activities,
suchasstartupandshutdown.
tracepoint(n)~Abreakpointwithacustomactionassociatedwithit.Whenatracepointis
hit,thedebuggerperformsthespecifiedtracepointactioninsteadof,orinadditionto,
breakingprogramexecution.
tracerarrow(n)~Anarrowthatshowstherelationshipbetweentheactivecellandits
relatedcells.Tracerarrowsarebluewhenpointingfromacellthatprovidesdatato
anothercell,andredifacellcontainsanerrorvalue,suchas#DIV/0!.
tracertoken(n)~Aperformancemonitoringtoolavailablefortransactionalreplication.A
token(asmallamountofdata)issentthroughthereplicationsystemtomeasurethe
amountoftimeittakesfortransactionstoreachtheDistributorandSubscribers.
traceroute~Programavailableonmanysystemsthattracesthepathapackettakestoa
desti-
traceroute~nation.Itisusedmostlytodebugroutingproblemsbetweenhosts.A
tracerouteprotocolisalsodefinedinRFC1393.
tracing(n)~TheprocessofcapturinganddisplayingdebugginginformationaboutaWeb
pageasthepageisrunning.TracinginformationincludesHTTPheadersandcontrolstate.
Youcandisplaytraceoutputinthepageorinaseparatetraceviewer.
tracingID(n)~AuniqueIDthatidentifiesthesessioninstanceinwhichthespecified
erroroccurred.IDsarestoredintracelogs.
tracingimage(n)~AprototypeimageusedasamockupforaWebpagedesign.
TracingService(PN)~Aserviceresponsibleforwritingdiagnosticloggingandusage
logginginformationfromSharePointapplicationstologfilesondisk.
track(n)~Anindividualsongorotherdiscretepieceofaudiocontent.
track(v)~Tofollowtheflowofinformation;tomonitorprogress.
track(n)~InaSmoothStreamingpresentation,acontiguoussetofchunksencodedata
specificbitrateandstoredinamediacontainerformat(alsocalledawireformat’).For
SmoothStreamsencodedforSilverlight-basedclients
trackback(n)~Anotificationsentfromoneblogtoanother.Itisawayforbloggerstolet
eachotherknowwhenoneofthemhasmadeareferencetoanother’sblogentry.
tracking(n)~Theprocessofviewingandupdatingtheactualprogressoftaskssothatyou
canseeprogressacrosstime,evaluateslippageoftasks,comparescheduledorbaseline
datatoactualdata,andcheckthecompletionpercentageoftasksandyourproject.
trackingcode(n)~ApieceofHTMLcodeinaWebsitethatplacesacookieonvisitors’
systemstokeeptrackoftheiractionsandmovementswithinasite.
TrackingColumns(n)~AnoptionundertheColumnsheadingontheReportwindow.
Whenexpanded,thisoptionenablestheusertoselectcolumnsthatcontaintracking
informationsuchasCreatedBy’and‘ModifiedOn’.’
trackingdimension(n)~Thebatchnumberandserialnumberattributesthatareusedto
trackanitem.
trackingparticipant(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatconsumestrackingrecordsemitted
bytheWindowsWorkflowFoundation(WF)runtime.Trackingparticipant
implementationscansendrecordstoastoragelocationsuchasalogfileoradatabase.
trackingprofile(n)~Asetofcharacteristicsthatdefineabusiness-relatedprocessand
containsthemappingbetweenaspecificorchestrationandactivitydefinition.Atracking
profileisafilewitha.bttextension.
trackingprofile(n)~Configurationdatathatisusedtosubscribetospecifictracking
recordsthatcanbeemittedbytheWindowsWorkflowFoundation(WF)runtime.
TrackingProtection(PN)~Thefeaturethatblocksthird-partywebcontentthatcould
potentiallytracksomeone’swebactivity.
trackingrecord(n)~DataemittedbytheWindowsWorkflowFoundation(WF)runtime
whencertainmilestonesarereachedwithinaworkflowinstance,forexample,whenan
instanceoractivityiscompleted.
tradediscount(n)~Adiscountthatdoesnotdependonpromptpayment.
TRADEMARKSIGN(n)~Thesymbolorcharacterusedtoindicatethataword,phrase,
symbol,ordesignisatrademark,butnotaregisteredtrademark.
trademarksymbol(n)~Thesymbolorcharacterusedtoindicatethataword,phrase,
symbol,ordesignisatrademark,butnotaregisteredtrademark.
trade-offmatrix(n)~Atoolformanagingprojecttrade-offsbyportrayingthemina
matrixthatreflectsthethreeprojectvariables(presentedontheyaxis)inthecontextof
threedecisions(presentedonthexaxis).Theprojectvariablesareresources(peopleand
money),schedule(time),andfeatures(theproductanditsquality).Thesevariablesare
sometimespresentedasthetrade-offtriangle.Thethreedecisionsarewhethertooptimize,
constrain,oracceptagivenvariable.Achangetooneoftheprojectvariablesrequiresthat
theteammakeacorrectionononeofthethreesidestomaintainprojectbalance,including
potentiallythesamesideonwhichthechangefirstoccurred.Forexample,adecisionto
addafeaturetoaproductmayrequirethatotherfeaturesberemovedifsufficienttimeand
resourcesareunavailabletosupporttheirdevelopment.
TradeshowPlanning,ExecutionandWrap-Up(n)~Atemplateusedtohelpinplanning
fortradeshows.
tradingpartner(n)~Anexternalorinternalorganizationwithwhichyouroganization
exchangeselectronicdata.Forexample,atradingpartnercouldbeasupplier,acustomer,
oraninternaldepartment.
tradingpartneragreement(n)~Adefinitiveandbindingagreementbetweentwotrading
partnersfortransactingmessagesoveraspecificbusiness-to-businessprotocol.Atrading
partneragreementbringstogethercommonbi-directionalmessageprocessingproperties
fromspecificbusinessprofilesofbothpartners.Itisacomprehensivecollectionofall
aspectsgoverningthebusinesstransactionbetweenthetwotradingpartners.Thetrading
partneragreementistypicallyderivedfromtheprofilesofeachpartner,withtheabilityto
customizeandoverridetherequiredsettings.
tradingparty(n)~Anentitythatisattherootlevelofatradingpartnermanagement
(TPM)solution.Eachparticipatingorganizationinanongoingbusinessrelationship,and
anysinglebusinessentitythatisrunningBizTalkServerandsendingorreceiving
messagestoorfromanyotherparty,isatradingparty.
tradingrelationship(n)~Arelationshipthatisformedwhenabuyingpartyandaselling
partyenterintoanagreement.
traffic(n)~Thenumberofvisitstoawebsite,ortheamountofuseractivityonawebsite
oronanetwork.
traffic~Themessagesorcallsthatflowthroughthecircuitsorequipmentona
communicationsnetwork.ThefourSwitchedAccesscapacitytraffictypesareoriginating,
terminating,voicedataandSwitchNet56.
TrafficManager(PN)~ThenetworkingserviceinMicrosoftAzurethatload-balances
incomingtrafficacrossmultipleMicrosoftAzurecloudservices.
trail(n)~Alinedrawnbyauserwithhisfreehand.
trailbyte(n)~Thebytevaluethatisthesecondhalfofadouble-bytecharacter.
Trailer(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#70.
trailer(n)~Avideothatplaysafterthemainvideoends.
trailerclip(n)~Avideothatplaysafterthemainvideoends.
trailervideo(n)~Avideothatplaysafterthemainvideoends.
trailers(n)~Anadvertisementoracommercialforafeaturefilmthatwillbeexhibitedin
thefutureatacinema.
trailing(adj)~Pertainingtoanitemthatfollowsorcomesafteranother.
trailingclip(n)~Avideothatplaysafterthemainvideoends.
trailingvideo(n)~Avideothatplaysafterthemainvideoends.
train(v)~Topopulateamodelwithdatatoderivepatternsthatcanbeusedinprediction
orknowledgediscovery.
training(n)~Theprocessofteachingthespeechrecognitionenginetorecognizeyour
voiceandmannerofspeaking.Thespeechenginelooksforpatternsinthewayyouspeak,
enablingittoprovidebetteraccuracywhenyoudictatetext.Youtraintheengineby
readingtextinthetrainingwizard,andcontinuetotraintheengineasyoudictatetext
whileworking.
trainingdataset(n)~Asetofknownandpredictabledatausedtotrainadatamining
model.
trainingexperiment(n)~Thecomponentstocreateandtestapredictiveanalyticsmodel
basedonhistoricaldata.
trait(n)~Anattributethatdescribesanentity.
Trance(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#31.
transactedpipeline(n)~ApipelinethatsupportsCOM+transactions.MtsTxPipelineand
PooledTxPipelinearetheonlyobjectsthatsupporttransactions.Ifanycomponentina
transactedpipelinefails,theworkoftheprecedingcomponentsinthepipelineisundone
andtheobjectendsthetransaction.
transaction(n)~Thepairingoftwoormoreactionsthatareperformedtogetherasa
singleaction;theactionsucceedsorfailsasawhole.
transaction(n)~Aneventorconditionthatisrecordedinasset,liability,expense,
revenue,and/orequityaccounts.Salestocustomersorpurchasesfromvendorsare
examplesoftransactions.
transaction(n)~Asocialeconomicexchangeaction.
transaction(n)~Aphysicaleconomicexchangeaction.
transaction(n)~Adatamanipulationactionprocessedbyadatabase.
transaction(n)~Thepostingorregistrationofachangeonadocumentorajournalline.
transactioncurrencyunit(n)~Acurrencyunitthatapartyacceptsforpayment.
transactiondata(n)~Entitiesthatdocumenteconomic,resourceflow,andaccounting
eventsandrecordtheirfinancial,legal,andoperationalconsequences.
transactionhistory(n)~Arecordofdatatransfersbetweentheuser’scomputerandthe
server.
transactionisolationlevel(n)~Thepropertyofatransactionthatcontrolsthedegreeto
whichdataisisolatedforusebyoneprocess,andisguardedagainstinterferencefrom
otherprocesses.
transactionlog(n)~Afilethatrecordstransactionalchangesoccurringinadatabase,
providingabasisforupdatingamasterfileandestablishinganaudittrail.
transactionlogfile(n)~Afilethatcontainsarecordofthechangesthatweremadetoan
Exchangedatabase.Allchangestothedatabasearerecordedinthetransactionlogfiles
beforetheyarewrittenintothedatabasefiles.Ifadatabaseshutsdownunexpectedly,
unfinishedtransactionscanberestoredbyreplayingthetransactionlogfilesintothe
database.
transactionmanager(n)~Aservicethatcoordinatestransactions.
transactionnumber(n)~The32-characternumberassignedtoeachnewcomputeruse
timetransferbetweentheprepaidcardandtheserver.
transactionprocessing(n)~Aprocessingmethodinwhichtransactionsareexecuted
immediatelyaftertheyarereceivedbythesystem.
transactionretentionperiod(n)~Intransactionalreplication,theamountoftime
transactionsarestoredinthedistributiondatabase.
transactionrollback(n)~Rollbackofauser-specifiedtransactiontothelastsavepoint
insideatransactionortothebeginningofatransaction.
transactionservice(n)~Aprogramthatenablesreal-time,synchronouscommunication
betweenthePOS,thestoredatabase,andtheheadofficedatabase.
transactiontext(n)~Adescriptionforajournalline.Transactiontextstayswiththe
journallineuntilaneventcausesnewtransactiontexttobeadded,suchaswhenthe
transactionissettled.
transactionthreshold(n)~Themaximumlimitofatransactionvalue,uptowhichatax
onthetransactionvalueisnotcalculated.
transactionvalue(n)~Thevalueassignedtoafinancialexchange,suchasthecostofan
expenseoranamountofincome.
transactional(adj)~Pertainingtoatypeoflicenseorseatthatispurchasedataslight
discountaspartofavolumelicenseagreementbutislimitedtoaperiodoftimethatisless
thanthetermofthatagreement,usuallytosupportshorttermtemporary,contingency,or
seasonalworkers.
transactionaldead-letterqueue(n)~ForMessageQueuing,aqueuethatstores
transactionalmessagesthatcannotreachtheirdestinationqueue.Transactionaldead-letter
queuesstorefailedmessagesonthecomputeronwhichthemessageexpired.Messagesin
thesequeuesarewrittentodiskandarethereforerecoverable.
transactionalmessage(n)~ForMessageQueuing,amessagethatcanbesentand
receivedonlyfromwithinatransaction.Thistypeofmessagereturnstoitspriorstate
whenatransactionisterminatedabruptly.Atransactionalmessageisremovedfroma
queueonlywhenthetransactioniscommitted;otherwise,itremainsinthequeueandcan
besubsequentlyreadduringanothertransaction.
transactionalmessaging(n)~Astreamofmessagessentinorderexactlyonce,achieved
bysynchronizingandcoordinatingmultipleBizTalkmessagequeuingadapterinstancesin
agroup.
transactionalreplication(n)~Atypeofreplicationthattypicallystartswithasnapshotof
thepublicationdatabaseobjectsanddata.
Transact-SQL(PN)~Thelanguagecontainingthecommandsusedtoadminister
instancesofSQLServer,createandmanageallobjectsinaninstanceofSQLServer,and
toinsert,retrieve,modifyanddeletealldatainSQLServertables.Transact-SQLisan
extensionofthelanguagedefinedintheSQLstandardspublishedbytheInternational
StandardsOrganization(ISO)andtheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI).
Transact-SQLCompilerService(PN)~AcomponentbasedontheMicrosoftSQL
ServerDatabaseEnginethatcanvalidatethesyntaxandsemanticsofDDLstatements
withthesamefidelityasaMicrosoftSQLServerDatabaseengine.
transcode(v)~Toconvertamediafilefromoneformattoanother,generallybydecoding
andthenre-encodingthefile.
transcoding(n)~Theprocessofconvertingamediafileorformatfromonedigitalformat
toanother.
Transcriber(PN)~Afull-screenhandwritingrecognitionmethodthatallowswriting
wordsandsentencesbyhand’.Thetextcanalsobeconvertedtotypedtext.’
transcript(n)~Thecollectionofentriesfromachatsession.
transfer(v)~Tomovedatafromonelocationtoanother.
transfer(n)~Themovementofinformationfromonelocationtoanother,eitherwithina
computer(asfromadiskdrivetomemory),betweenacomputerandanexternaldevice
(asbetweenafileserverandacomputeronanetwork),orbetweenseparatecomputers.
transfer(n)~Theactofsendingthecurrentphonecalltoathirdperson.
Transfer(PN)~Amenuitemthattransfersthecurrentphonecallwithouttheuser
remainingonthelinetoannouncethecall.
transferappearance(n)~Thevisualfeedbackdisplayedduringatransferoperation.
transferbatch(n)~Thequantityofoneormoreitemsthatistransferredorthatcanbe
transferred.
transfercall(oth)~TopassanincomingcalltoanotherSkypecontactoranyphone.
transferlog(n)~Alog,locatedontheDPMserver,thatstorespendingchangestoa
replica.
TransferNow(oth)~ThebuttononPhoneControlsthattransfersthecurrentphonecall.
transferorder(n)~Arequesttomoveitemsbetweenwarehouses.Atransferorderkeeps
trackoftheitemsshippedoutofonewarehouseandreceivedintoanotherwarehouse.
transferorderline(n)~Thepartofatransferorderthatspecifiesdetailedinformation
aboutarequesttotransferaspecificitemtoadifferentwarehouse.
transferprice(n)~Thepricechargedforgoodsorservicesprovidedbyoneunitofa
companytoanotherunitinthesamecompany.
transferrate(n)~Therateatwhichacircuitoracommunicationschanneltransfers
informationfromsourcetodestination,asoveranetworkortoandfromadiskdrive.
Transferrateismeasuredinunitsofinformationperunitoftime—forexample,bitsper
secondorcharacterspersecond—andcanbemeasuredeitherasarawrate,whichisthe
maximumtransferspeed,orasanaveragerate,whichincludesgapsbetweenblocksof
dataaspartofthetransmissiontime.
TransferSettingsarea(n)~TheareaontheOrganizationspagethatcanreplicateand
applythesettingsandrulestootherdomains,afteronedomainiscreated,forfasterand
easiersetupofdomains.
transform(n)~Atemplateofthedifferencesbetweentwoinstallerdatabasesthatcanbe
appliedtoproducesimilarchangesinotherdatabases.
transform(v)~Tochangetheappearanceorformatofdatawithoutalteringitscontent;
thatis,toencodeinformationaccordingtopredefinedrules.
transform(v)~Inmathematicsandcomputergraphics,toaltertheposition,size,or
natureofanobjectbymovingittoanotherlocation(translation),makingitlargeror
smaller(scaling),turningit(rotation),changingitsdescriptionfromonetypeof
coordinatesystemtoanother,andsoon.
transformfile(n)~Atemplateofthedifferencesbetweentwoinstallerdatabasesthatcan
beappliedtoproducesimilarchangesinotherdatabases.
TransformParse(PN)~Asystemjobthatparsesatransformationusedindatamigration.
transformation(n)~TheprocessofconvertinganXMLdocumentthatconformstoone
schemaintoanXMLdocumentthatconformstoanotherschema,oftenchangingthe
documentstructureintheprocess.
transformation(n)~Theprocessoftransformingobjectsina2-Dplane.Transformations
includerotation,scale,skeworshear,flip,andtranslation.
transformation(n)~TheSSISdataflowcomponentthatmodifies,summarizes,and
cleansdata.
transformationinput(n)~Datathatiscontainedinacolumn,whichisusedduingajoin
orlookupprocess,tomodifyoraggregatedatainthetabletowhichitisjoined.
transformationoutput(n)~Datathatisreturnedasaresultofatransformation
procedure.
transit(n)~Localpublictransportation;thevehiclesusedforsuchtransport.
transitengine(n)~Anenginethatcalculatesthenumberofdaysthatitwilltakefor
shippedfreighttogetfromitsoriginpointtoitsdestinationpoint.
transitwarehouse(n)~Anintermediatelocationbetweenafrom’warehouseanda‘to’
warehouseforwarehousetransfers.Itemsinatransitwarehouseareintheprocessof
beingtransferredtoadifferentwarehouse(transferorder)andthereforecannotbepicked
forotherordersduringtransportation.’
transition(n)~Ananimationeffectthatspecifieshowthedisplaychangesasauser
movesfromoneitem(suchasaslideorWebpage)toanother.
transition(n)~Anallowedpathfromonestatetoanother.
transition(n)~Inastatechartoractivitydiagram,arelationshipbetweentwostatesor
actionstatesorbetweenastateanditself.
transition(n)~Amovefromonelicense,product,orlicensemodeltoanother.Some
examplesoftransitionsare:astep-uptoahigheredition;amovefromon-premisestothe
cloud,orcloudtoon-premises;oramovetoorfromalicensemodelthatisahybridofan
onlineserviceandanon-premisesproduct.
transitioneffect(n)~Ananimationeffectthatspecifieshowthedisplaychangesasauser
movesfromoneitem(suchasaslideorWebpage)toanother.
transitionevent(n)~Achangeinthelocationofprocessoreventexecutionbetweenring
3(usermode)andring0(kernelmode).Transitioneventsrepresenttimespentoutsidethe
directexecutionoftheapplicationcode.Transitioneventscanbetimespentinthreadsthat
arenotpartoftheprofileditem,ortimespentexecutingcallsfromtheprofileditemtothe
operatingsystem.
transitionpoint(n)~Thestartorendpointofatransitionsegment.
transitionstyle(n)~Anabstractgroupingofsimilartransitioneffects.
transitiontohistory(n)~Anincomingtransitionsegmentthatendsonanouterstate
contextanddoesnothaveacontinuingtransitionsegmentwithinthecontext.
transitivetrust(n)~ThestandardtypeoftrustrelationshipbetweenWindowsdomainsin
adomaintreeorforest.Whenadomainjoinsanexistingforestordomaintree,atransitive
trustisautomaticallyestablished.Transitivetrustsarealwaystwo-wayrelationships.This
seriesoftrusts,betweenparentandchilddomainsinadomaintreeandbetweenroot
domainsofdomaintreesinaforest,allowsalldomainsinaforesttotrusteachotherfor
thepurposesofauthentication.Forexample,ifdomainAtrustsdomainBanddomainB
trustsdomainC,thendomainAtrustsdomainC.
translate(v)~Tomoveanobjectinthe2Dx-ycoordinatesystem.
translation(n)~Thetransferofconceptsfromasourcelanguagetextintoatarget
language.
translation(n)~Theprocessofmovinganobjectinthe2Dx-ycoordinatesystem.
translationlookasidebuffer(n)~Atableusedinavirtualmemorysystemthatliststhe
physicaladdresspagenumberassociatedwitheachvirtualaddresspagenumber.ATLBis
usedinconjunctionwithacachewhosetagsarebasedonvirtualaddresses.Thevirtual
addressispresentedsimultaneouslytotheTLBandtothecachesothatcacheaccessand
virtual-to-physicaladdresstranslationcanoccursimultaneously.
translationmatrix(n)~Amatrixthattransformsthecurrentgraphicspathtothedesired
flattenedpath.
translationmemory(n)~Astorageareathatshowstheassociationbetweentext
segmentsinasourcelanguageandtheirtranslationsintooneormoretargetlanguages.
Translator(PN)~Anappthatallowsyoutousetextentry,yourvoice,oryourcamerato
translatetextintodifferentlanguagesusingtheMicrosoftstatisticalmachinetranslation
system.
transliteration(n)~Theprocessoftranscribinglettersorwordsfromonealphabetor
scripttoanotherone(forexample,RussianalphabetintoLatinalphabet)tofacilitate
comprehensionandpronunciationfornon-nativespeakers.
transmission(n)~Thesendingofinformationoveracommunicationslineoracircuit.
TransmissionControlProtocol(n)~TheprotocolwithinTCP/IPthatgovernsthe
breakupofdatamessagesintopacketstobesentviaIP,andthereassemblyand
verificationofthecompletemessagesfrompacketsreceivedbyIP.
TransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol(n)~Asetofnetworkingprotocols
widelyusedontheInternetthatprovidescommunicationsacrossinterconnectednetworks
ofcomputerswithdiversehardwarearchitecturesandvariousoperatingsystems.TCP/IP
includesstandardsforhowcomputerscommunicateandconventionsforconnecting
networksandroutingtraffic.
TransmissionLevel1(n)~AU.S.telephonestandardforatransmissionfacilityatdigital
signallevel1(DS1)with1.544megabitspersecondinNorthAmericaand2.048megabits
persecondinEurope.Thebitrateistheequivalentbandwidthofapproximatelytwenty-
four56-kilobits-per-secondlines.AT1circuitiscapableofservingaminimumof48
modemsat28.8kilobitspersecondor96modemsat14.4kilobitspersecond.T1circuits
arealsousedforvoicetelephoneconnections.AsingleT1linecarries24telephone
connectionswith24telephonenumbers.Whenitisusedforvoicetransmission,aT1
connectionmustbesplitinto24separatecircuits.
TransmissionLevel3(n)~AU.S.telephonestandardforatransmissionfacilityatdigital
signallevel3(DS3).T3isequivalentinbandwidthto28T1s,andthebitrateis44.736
megabitspersecond.T3issometimescalleda45-megcircuit.
transmittingstationIDstring(n)~AstringthatspecifiesthetransmittersubscriberID
sentbythefaxmachinewhensendingafaxtoareceivingmachine.Thisstringisusually
acombinationofthefaxortelephonenumberandthenameofthebusiness.Itisoftenthe
sameasthecalledsubscriberID.
transmogrify(v)~Tomovefromalowertoahighereditionwithinaneditionfamily
withoutrunningthroughafullupgrade.Thetransmogrify(akatransmog)process
leveragesSingleSKUtowork.
transparency(n)~Astandardthatrequiresthatthestructureforprocessingpersonal
informationbeinafashionthatisopenandunderstandabletotheindividualwhosedatais
beingprocessed.ItisagoaloftheFairInformationPractices,whichrequiresacompany
toinformuserswhatpersonalinformationthecompanycollectsandhowthedataisused.
transparency(n)~Thequalitythatdefineshowmuchlightpassesthroughanobject’s
pixels.
transparency(n)~Asecuritymodelthathelpsdeveloperswriteanddeploysecure
librariesandapplicationsbyisolatingcodedependingonprivilege.Level1transparency
wasintroducedinthe.NETFrameworkversion2.0.Itenablesdeveloperstoannotatecode
todeclarewhichtypesandmemberscanperformsecurityelevationsandothertrusted
actions(security-critical)andwhichcannot(security-transparent).Level2transparency,
whichwasintroducedinthe.NETFramework4,refinesthismodel.Itaddsathirdgroup
ofcode,security-safe-criticalcode,whicharetypesormembersthataccesssecure
resourcesandcanbesafelyusedbypartially-trustedcodeinthe.NETFramework.
transparent(adj)~Incomputeruse,of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofadevice,
function,orpartofaprogramthatworkssosmoothlyandeasilythatitisinvisibletothe
user.Forexample,theabilityofoneapplicationtousefilescreatedbyanotheris
transparentiftheuserencountersnodifficultyinopening,reading,orusingthesecond
program’sfilesordoesnotevenknowtheuseisoccurring.
transparent(adj)~Incomputergraphics,of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofthelackof
colorinaparticularregionofanimagesothatthebackgroundcolorofthedisplayshows
through.
transparent(adj)~Incommunications,of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofamodeof
transmissioninwhichdatacanincludeanycharacters,includingdevice-control
characters,withoutthepossibilityofmisinterpretationbythereceivingstation.For
example,thereceivingstationwillnotendatransparenttransmissionuntilitreceivesa
characterinthedatathatindicatesendoftransmission.Thus,thereisnodangerofthe
receivingstationendingcommunicationsprematurely.
transparentcaching(n)~Acachingtechniquethatoptimizesbandwidthconsumptionon
wideareanetwork(WAN)linksandprovidesnear-localreadresponsetimesformobile
usersandbranchofficeworkerswhoareaccessingnetworkfilesandfoldersthatarenot
explicitlymadeavailableoffline.
TransparentDataEncryption(PN)~Atechnologyforreal-timeI/Oencryptionand
decryptionofSQLServerandAzureSQLDatabasedataandlogfilewithasymmetrickey
withoutincreasingthesizeoftheencrypteddatabase.Thedatabaseencryptionkey(DEK)
isstoredinthedatabasebootrecordforavailabilityduringrecoveryandisprotectedwith
acertificate.TDEisperformedatthepagelevelanddoesnotprovideencryptionacross
communicationchannels.
transport(n)~Amechanismformovingdatafromonepointtoanother.
transportadapter(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatenablesmessageexchangethrougha
specifictransport.
transportaddress(n)~Thetransport-specificidentificationforthelocationtowhich
messagesaresentorfromwhichmessagesarereceived.
transportagreement(n)~Anagreementbetweenthebusinessprofilesoftwotrading
partnerstouseaspecifictransportprotocol(AS2)whileexchangingmessages.
transportcalendar(n)~Thedaysthecarriercanpickupandtransportgoods.
transportdays(n)~Thenumberofdaysrequiredbythecarriertopickupanddeliver
goods.
TransportDriverInterface(PN)~Acommonsetofroutinesfornetworklayer
componentsthatcommunicatewiththesessionlayeroftheOpenSystemsInterconnection
(OSI)model.Theseroutinesallowsoftwarecomponentsaboveandbelowthetransport
layertobemixedandmatchedwithoutreprogramming.
transportevent(n)~Anoccurrenceofaparticularmessagetransportactivityorphase
throughtheSMTPandNNTPservices.
transportlayer(n)~LayerfouroftheOSImodel.Thenetworklayerthathandleserror
recognitionandrecovery.Whennecessary,itrepackageslongmessagesintosmallpackets
fortransmissionand,atthereceivingend,rebuildspacketsintotheoriginalmessage.The
receivingtransportlayeralsosendsreceiptacknowledgments.
TransportLayerSecurity(n)~Aprotocolthatprovidescommunicationsprivacyand
securitybetweentwoapplicationscommunicatingoveranetwork.TLSencrypts
communicationsandenablesclientstoauthenticateserversand,optionally,serversto
authenticateclients.TLSisamoresecureversionoftheSecureSocketsLayer(SSL)
protocol.
TransportLayerSecurityencryption(n)~AgenericsecurityprotocolsimilartoSecure
SocketsLayer(SSL),usedwithSimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP).
transportprotocol(n)~Aprotocolthatgovernsthetransportchannelusedforsending
messagesbackandforthbetweentwopartners.Withrespecttotradingpartner
management(TPM),onlytheAS2protocolissupported.
transportprovider(n)~Thedriverandsupportfilesthatprovidetransportservicesina
networkingenvironment.
transportrule(n)~Aconceptthatimplementsasinglefunctionpointofatransport
messagingpolicy.Atransportrulecontainsconditionsastowhentotriggerthisruleand
anorderedsetofactionsastowhattodoiftheruleistriggered.Additionally,each
transportrulecanhaveexceptionsthatspecifywhattoexcludefromthecondition.
Exceptionstypicallyidentifyasubsetofcriteriaidentifiedinthecondition.
transporttime(n)~Theamountoftimeittakestotransferitemsbetweentwo
warehouses.
transportationdemand(n)~Asalesorder,purchaseorder,ortransferorderthatisready
fortransportationplanning.
transportationparty(n)~Anindividualororganizationinvolvedinthetransportation
process.
TransporterCommandShell(PN)~Thecommandlineinterfacepackagedwiththe
MicrosoftTransporterSuiteForLotusDomino,abundleofutilitiestohelpmigratefrom
DominotoExchange2007.
TransporterManagementConsole(PN)~Thesnap-inforMicrosoftManagement
ConsolethatinstallswiththeMicrosoftTransporterSuite.
transpose(v)~Toreverse,astheorderofthelettershandtinhte,incorrectingthe
spellingofthe;orreversingtwowiresinacircuit.
transpose(v)~Inmathematicsandspreadsheets,torotateamatrix(arectangulararrayof
numbers)aboutadiagonalaxis.
trap(v)~Tointerceptanactionoreventbeforeitoccurs,usuallyinordertodosomething
else.Trappingiscommonlyusedbydebuggerstoallowinterruptionofprogramexecution
atagivenspot.
trap(n)~InSimpleNetworkManagementProtocol(SNMP),amessagesentbyanagent
toamanagementsystemindicatingthataneventhasoccurredonthehostrunningthe
agent.
trap(v)~Tocreatesmalloverlapswheretwodifferentlycoloredobjectsabutonaprinted
page.
traphandler(n)~Abodyofcodeinthekerneltowhichtheprocessortransferscontrol
whenaninterruptorexceptionoccurs.Thetraphandlerdeterminesthetypeofcondition
thatcausedtheinterruptorexception,andtransferscontroltoaninterruptserviceroutine
(ISR)orexceptionhandler.
TrapezoidList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupedorrelated
informationofequalvalue.Workswellwithlargeamountsoftext.
trapping(n)~Inprinting,theprocessofeliminatingwhitelinesbetweencoloursby
printingsmallareasofoverlappingcolourwherecolourstouch.
Travel(PN)~Anapplicationfortravelplanning,includingdestinationphotosand
panoramas,travelguides,bookingtools,currencyconversions,andweatherforecasts.
Travel(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatestravelplanningornavigation.
travel+navigation(PN)~Anappcategorythatfacilitatestravelplanningornavigation.
TRC(n)~Analgorithmforcolourreproductionthatmapsasetofin-puttonestoasetof
outputtonesandisusedtocontrolhowadevicereactstodifferentlightintensitiesinthe
visiblecolourspectrum.
tree(n)~Adatastructurecontainingzeroormorenodesthatarelinkedtogetherina
hierarchy.Ifanynodesarepresent,onenodeistheroot;eachnodeexcepttherootisthe
childofoneandonlyoneothernode,andeachnodehaszeroormorenodesaschildren.
tree~Ahierarchicalcollectionofnodesthatcanhaveanarbitrarynumberofreferences
toothernodes.
tree~Adatastructurewhoseelementsarelinkedinahierarchicalfashion.
treediagram(n)~Atypeofblockdiagramwithtreeshapestorepresenthierarchies,such
asfamilytreesortournamentplans.
treestructure(n)~Anystructurethathastheessentialorganizationalpropertiesofatree.
treeview(n)~Ahierarchicalrepresentationofthefolders,files,diskdrives,andother
resourcesconnectedtoacomputerornetwork.
treeviewcontrol(n)~AstandardWindowscontrolthatallowsasetofhierarchically-
relatedobjectstobedisplayedasanexpandableoutline.
Trello(PN)~Afreeweb-basedprojectmanagementapplication.
Trend(PN)~Ageneraltendencyorinclination,typicallydeterminedbytheexamination
ofaparticularattributeovertime.
trendalert(n)~Featuretoreceivenotificationifadefinedvaluechangessignificantly.
trendanalysischart(n)~AchartthatshowstheprojectedtrendforaKPIbasedon
analysisofpreviousdata.
trendchart(n)~Achartthatshowsthechangeindataovertime.
Trending(PN)~Thecategoryofitems(appsorgames)thataresuggestedtousersdueto
theirrecentpopularity.
trendline(n)~Agraphicrepresentationoftrendsindataseries,suchasalinesloping
upwardtorepresentincreasedsalesoveraperiodofmonths.
trendlinelabel(n)~Optionaltextforatrendline,includingeithertheregressionequation
ortheR-squaredvalue,orboth.Atrendlinelabelcanbeformattedandmoved;itcannot
besized.
triage(n)~Theprocessofprioritizingprojectsorelementsofaproject(suchasbugfixes)
toensurethatavailableresourcesareassignedinthemosteffective,time-efficient,and
cost-efficientmanner.
triageteam(n)~Theteamthatperformstheprocessofreviewingnewlyreportedor
reopenedbugsandassignapriorityanditerationforworkingonthem.
trial(n)~Aversionofaproductthatcanbeusedatnocostforalimitedperiodoftimefor
purposesofevaluation.
trialbalance(n)~Areportthatliststhebalancesofledgeraccountsforaspecifiedtime
period.
trialedition(n)~Aversionofaproductthatcanbeused(typicallyatnocost)fora
limitedperiodoftimeforpurposesofevaluation.
trialversion(n)~Aversionofaproductthatcanbeused(typicallyatnocost)fora
limitedperiodoftimeforpurposesofevaluation.
trianglecap(n)~Forpathsthatcontainunconnectedends,theendofthestrokethatis
extendedtotapertoapoint.
trianglestrip(n)~Asequenceoftrianglesinwhichadjacenttrianglesshareanedge.The
firstthreeverticesdefinethefirsttriangle,andeachsubsequentvertexdefinesanew
triangleusingthatpointalongwithtwoverticesfromtheprevioustriangleinthe
sequence.
triangulation(n)~Theconversionmethodthatconvertsfromonedenominationcurrency
toanotherusingtheeuro(orothertriangulationcurrency)asanintermediateconversion
step.
triangulationcurrency(n)~Acurrencythatcanbeusedtoconvertbetweentwoother
currenciesforwhichthereisnodirectexchangeratetableavailable.Thetriangulation
currencymusthaveavailableexchangerateswithbothofthecurrenciestobeconverted.
Thefirstcurrencycanbeconvertedintothecommon(triangulation)currency,andthenthe
commoncurrencycanbeconvertedintothesecondcurrency.
Tribal(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#72.
trigger(v)~Toactivateafunctionorprogram,suchasthereleaseofaviruspayload,in
responsetoaspecificevent,date,ortime.
trigger(n)~Inadatabase,anactionthatcausesaproceduretobecarriedout
automaticallywhenauserattemptstomodifydata.Atriggercaninstructthedatabase
systemtotakeaspecificaction,dependingontheparticularchangeattempted.Incorrect,
unwanted,orunauthorizedchangescantherebybeprevented,helpingtomaintainthe
integrityofthedatabase.
trigger(n)~Themechanismbywhichasystemorapplicationeventtriggerseitheran
instantorananimatedchangeinoneormoreproperties.
trigger(n)~Anobjectresponsibleforfiringanactionwhenaconditionismet.
Trigger(PN)~Afeatureincampaignautomationwhereyoucanscheduleataskor
operationbasedonaresponsetoapreviousaction.
triggerdistance(n)~ForLatin-basedlanguagesonly,thedistanceyouneedtomovethe
stylustotherightoftherightedgeoftheinkfortheinktobeimmediatelyconvertedto
text.Thetriggerdistanceisusedbythehandwritingrecognitionfeaturetodetectthata
userhasstartedwritingthenextword.
triggerevent(n)~TheparametersofaMicrosoftDynamicsCRMworkflowthatdefine
thecircumstancesinwhichtheworkflowperformsitsactions.
triggeredupdate(n)~AtypeofRoutingInformationProtocol(RIP)announcementthat
occurswhennetworktopologychanges.Withtriggeredupdates,theupdateannouncing
networktopologychangesissentalmostimmediatelyratherthanwaitingforthenext
periodicannouncement.
Triggerspanel(n)~Auserinterfacethatprovidesawaytoconfigurethebehaviorofan
objectbyconfiguringpropertychangestooccuroranimationtimelinestorunwhenan
eventisraisedbytheobject,forexample,theClickeventforabutton.
trim(v)~Tohidepartsofafileorclipwithoutdeletingthemfromtheoriginalsource.
Filesandclipscanbetrimmedbyadjustingthestartorendtrimpoint.
trim(v)~Topreemptastoryboard’scontrolofananimationvariablewithahigher-
prioritystoryboard.Iftrimmingastoryboardononeormorevariablescausesthe
storyboardtoendprematurely,itisconsideredtruncated.
trim(n)~ADirect3DAPIcallthatreleasestemporarymemorybuffersallocatedbythe
graphicsdriveronbehalfofanapp,reducingtheapp’smemoryfootprintwhileitis
suspended.
trimpoints(n)~Thepointswhereplaybackofafileorclipbeginsandends.Thereare
twotrimpoints:starttrimpointandendtrimpoint.
TripleDataEncryptionStandard(n)~AnencryptionalgorithmbasedontheData
EncryptionStandard(DES).
TripleDES(n)~AnencryptionalgorithmbasedontheDataEncryptionStandard(DES).
TriplePlay~Thecombinedofferingofvoice,video,anddataoveroneline.
triplet(n)~Auniqueidentifiermadefromthreeotherwiseseparatepiecesofinformation.
Forexample,acolorcanbespecifiedbyared,blue,greentriplet.Tripletsarethesecond
mostcommontypeofIDaftersingle,orunique,IDs.
TrivialFileTransferProtocol(n)~Aformalsetofformat,timing,sequencing,anderror
controlrulesfortransferringfilestoandfromaremotecomputersystemrunningthe
TrivialFileTransferProtocol(TFTP)service.
TrivialFTP(n)~Aformalsetofformat,timing,sequencing,anderrorcontrolrulesfor
transferringfilestoandfromaremotecomputersystemrunningtheTrivialFileTransfer
Protocol(TFTP)service.
Trojan~Aprogramsimilartoa-virus-whichisdisguisedassomethingharmlesslikea
game,butwhenlaunchedactuallysabotagesthecomputeronwhichitisrunning.
TrojanHorse~Acomputerprogramiseitherhiddeninsideanotherprogramorthat
masqueradesassomethingitisnotinordertotrickpotentialusersintorunningit.The
term‘TrojanHorse’comesfromapossiblymythicalruseofwarusedbytheGreeks
sometimebetween1500and1200B.C.
Trojantelnet(n)~Atypeoftrojanmalwarethatinstallsatelnetserveronauser’s
computerwithouttheuser’sknowledge.
troubleshooter(n)~Anautomatedtoolthathelpsfindandfixspecificproblemsonyour
computer.
troubleshooting(n)~Theprocessofdiagnosingandsolvingproblemsordifficulties.
troubleshootingperformancecounter(oth)~Acounterthatcollectscontinuouslywithin
a15-minutewindow.Whena.NETexceptionorperformanceeventoccurs,all
performancecounterdatafromthe15-minutewindowleadinguptotheeventarecaptured
andstored.
truesound(PN)~Afeaturethatincreasesordecreasesthevolumeofthespeakerina
groupcalltomatchthepositionofthespeaker(i.erightorleft).
TrueType~AtechnologyforoutlinefontsthatisbuiltintoallWindowsandMacintosh
operatingsystems.Outlinefontsarescalableenablingadisplaydevicetogeneratea
characteratanysizebasedonageometricaldescription.
TrueTypefont(n)~Atypeofcomputerfontthatcanbescaledtoanysize.TrueTypefonts
areclearandreadableinallsizesandcanbesenttoanyprinterorotheroutputdevicethat
issupportedbyWindows.
truncate(v)~Tocutoffthebeginningorendofaseriesofcharactersornumbers;
specifically,toeliminateoneormoreoftheleastsignificant(typicallyrightmost)digits.In
truncation,numbersaresimplyeliminated,unlikerounding,inwhichtherightmostdigit
mightbeincrementedtopreserveaccuracy.
truncate(v)~Topreemptastoryboard’scontrolofananimationvariablewithahigher-
prioritystoryboard.Iftrimmingastoryboardononeormorevariablescausesthe
storyboardtoendprematurely,itisconsideredtruncated.
trunk~Alinewhichrunsbetweentwoswitchesorswichingsystemswhicharegenerally
foundinCentralOfficesand/orPBXs.
trunk~Individualchannelsorcircuitsthatcanbegrouped.Thisisthesmallest
denominatorforanetworkfacility.
trust(v)~Tohaveconfidenceinthereliabilityofanentityorserviceandtheinformation
thatitprovides.
trust(n)~Confidenceinthereliabilityofanentityorserviceandtheinformationthatit
provides.
trustanchor(n)~Thepublickeyofthepublic/privatekeypairthatisusedtosignaDNS
zone.
TrustBar(n)~Anotificationbarwarningtheuseraboutdatathatisblockedintheloaded
file.TrustBarscanbeforinformationonly(non-actionable)oractionable.
TrustCenter(n)~PartoftheOfficeCenterfeaturethatallowsuserstosetvarious
securityandprivacyoptions,andtoseecurrentlyenforcedsecurityandprivacyrules.
TrustCenter(n)~Awebsitethatdescribesthecompliance,security,andprivacyfeatures
ofMicrosoftOffice365.
trustchain(n)~Asequenceofcertificates,whereeachcertificateinthesequenceis
signedbythesubsequentcertificate.Thelastcertificateinthechainisnormallyaself-
signedcertificate.
trustlevel(n)~Acharacterizationofanexternalentitybasedonhowitisauthenticated
andwhatprivilegesithas.Trustlevelscanbeassociatedwithentrypoints,personas,
assets,orotherprotectedresources.
trustlicense(n)~ThefileusedinClickOnceapplicationstograntanelevatedlevelof
trusttoamanagedapplication.Trustlicensesmustbesignedbytrustlicenseissuers,
whichmustbeinstalledonaclientcomputerpriortodeployingtheClickOnceapplication.
trustlist(n)~Asignedlistofrootcertificationauthoritycertificatesthatanadministrator
considersreputablefordesignatedpurposes,suchasclientauthenticationorsecuree-mail.
trustobject(n)~Anobjectrepresentingatrustrelationship.
trustrelationship(n)~Alogicalrelationshipestablishedbetweendomainstoallowpass-
throughauthentication,inwhichatrustingdomainhonorsthelogonauthenticationsofa
trusteddomain.
TRUSTe(n)~Anindependent,non-profitinitiativewhosemissionistobuildthetrustand
confidenceofusersontheInternetbypromotingtheTRUSTeprinciplesoffair
informationpractices.MicrosoftisapremiersponsorofTRUSTeandamemberofthe
TRUSTeprivacyprogram.
trustedapplication(n)~InSilverlight,anout-of-browserapplicationtowhichauser
grantselevatedtrustuponinstallation,providinggreateraccesstothelocalsystem.
TrustedBoot(PN)~Acustomizedprocessthatidentifiesandfixespotentialproblems
duringPCstartup.
TrustedComputingGroup(PN)~TheorganizationthatsetsstandardsforTrusted
PlatformModule(TPM)useandinterface.
trustedconnection(n)~AWindowsnetworkconnectionthatcanbeopenedonlybyusers
whohavebeenauthenticatedbythenetwork.
TrustedDocuments(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoindicatethatadocumentis
trusted,andthereforecanbeopenedwithoutsecuritynotifications,solongasthefilepath
andcreationtimeofthedocumentremainunchanged.
trusteddomain(n)~Adomainthatistrustedbyotherdomains.
trusteddomain(n)~Adomainthatisengagedinatrustrelationshipwithanother
domain,whichisalsocalledafederation.Thisrelationshipisbetweentwofederation
servers,andallowsasystemtoprovidecontrolledaccesstoitsresourcesorservicestoa
userthatbelongstoanothersecurityrealmwithoutrequiringtheusertoauthenticate
directlytothesystemandwithoutthetwosystemssharingadatabaseofuseridentitiesor
passwords.
trustedforest(n)~Aforestthatistrustedtomakeauthenticationstatementsforsecurity
principalsinthatforest.AssumingforestAtrustsforestB,alldomainsbelongingtoforest
AwilltrustalldomainsinforestB,subjecttopolicyconfiguration.
trustedlocation(n)~Afolderorfilepathonyourcomputeroralocationonyourintranet
fromwhichitissafetoruncode.DefaulttrustedlocationsincludetheTemplates,Addins,
andStartupfolders,andyoucanspecifyyourowntrustedlocations.
trustedPC(n)~AcomputerthatacustomeraddstotheirWindowsLiveaccountsecurity
informationfromwhichtheycanresetaforgottenpasswordwithoutprovidingfurther
information.
trustedplatformmodule(n)~Microchipdesignedtoprovidecertainbasicsecurity-
relatedfunctionstothesoftwarethatutilizesTPM.
TrustedPlatformModule(PN)~Securityhardwarethatprovidesahardware-basedroot
oftrustandcanbeleveragedtoprovideavarietyofcryptographicservices,suchasearly-
bootcomponentchecking.
trustedpublisher(n)~Thedeveloperofamacrothatistrustedbyyouonyourcomputer.
Thetrustedpublisherisidentifiedbythecertificatethattheyusedtodigitallysignthe
macro.
trustedpublisherstore(n)~Alistofsoftwarepublishercertificatesusedtodigitallysign
code,suchasmacros.Becauseyouexplicitlytrustthesoftwarepublishers,theircodeis
allowedtorunonyourcomputerwithoutneedingtopromptforpermission.
TrustedPublishingDomain(PN)~ApolicythatallowsforoneADRMSclustertoissue
uselicensesagainstpublishinglicensesthatwereissuedbyadifferentADRMScluster.
trustedrootCA(n)~ArootcertificationauthoritythatappearsintheTrustedRoot
CertificationAuthoritiesconsoleoftheWindowsoperatingsystemsandistrustedbythe
operatingsystem.
TrustedRootCertificationAuthorities(n)~Implicitlytrustedcertificationauthorities.
IncludesallofthecertificatesintheThird-PartyRootCertificationAuthoritiesstoreplus
rootcertificatesfromtheuserorganizationandMicrosoft.
trustedrootcertificationauthority(n)~Arootcertificationauthoritythatappearsinthe
TrustedRootCertificationAuthoritiesconsoleoftheWindowsoperatingsystemsandis
trustedbytheoperatingsystem.
trustedrootkey(n)~AnencryptionkeyusedinConfigurationManagertohelpclients
identifyvalidmanagementpoints.
trustedsource(n)~Thedeveloperofamacrothatistrustedbyyouonyourcomputer.
Thetrustedpublisherisidentifiedbythecertificatethattheyusedtodigitallysignthe
macro.
trustedzone(n)~AsetofWebsitesthatarecompletelytrustworthy.
trustworthywebsite(n)~Awebsitethatisnotfraudulentordeceptive.
TRY(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofTurkey.
TryIt(PN)~ThebuttoninYammerthattriggerstheOAuthflow.
TS(n)~Aprogramthatenablesreal-time,synchronouscommunicationbetweenthePOS,
thestoredatabase,andtheheadofficedatabase.
TSsession(n)~ATerminalServicessession.
TSF(PN)~Adevice-independent,language-neutral,andextensiblesystemthatenables
naturallanguageservicesandadvancedtextinputonthedesktopandwithinapplications.
TSIDstring(n)~AstringthatspecifiesthetransmittersubscriberIDsentbythefax
machinewhensendingafaxtoareceivingmachine.Thisstringisusuallyacombination
ofthefaxortelephonenumberandthenameofthebusiness.Itisoftenthesameasthe
calledsubscriberID.
T-SQL(PN)~Thelanguagecontainingthecommandsusedtoadministerinstancesof
SQLServer,createandmanageallobjectsinaninstanceofSQLServer,andtoinsert,
retrieve,modifyanddeletealldatainSQLServertables.Transact-SQLisanextensionof
thelanguagedefinedintheSQLstandardspublishedbytheInternationalStandards
Organization(ISO)andtheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI).
T-SQLCompilerService(PN)~AcomponentbasedontheMicrosoftSQLServer
DatabaseEnginethatcanvalidatethesyntaxandsemanticsofDDLstatementswiththe
samefidelityasaMicrosoftSQLServerDatabaseengine.
TSQLpane(n)~OneofthetabsthathoststheeditorcontroltoallowTSQLcodeediting.
TSR~(TerminateandStayResident)-Aprogram,usuallyloadedautomaticallyon
startup,whichremainsinmemorytoprovideparticularfunctionssuchasconnectiontoa
networkorprotectionagainstviruses.InWindowsTSRsareusuallyrepresentedbyicons
inthe-Systemtray,suchasthesmallloudspeakerwhichrepresentsthevolumecontrolfor
thesoundcard.AfewTSRsareessential,butmanyareinstalledautomaticallybya
particularapplicationjusttoimproveitsownperformance,withnothoughtforanything
elseyoumaybedoing,andmayhaveanegativeimpactoneverythingelse.Sometimes
launchedfromthe-StartUpfolder-intheWindows-StartMenu,butoftenelsewhereasit
istooeasytodeletethemfromthere.
TTFB(oth)~TimeToFirstByte
TTL(n)~AtimervalueincludedinpacketssentoverTCP/IP-basednetworksthattellsthe
recipientshowlongtoholdorusethepacketoranyofitsincludeddatabeforeexpiring
anddiscardingthepacketordata.
TTLB(oth)~TimeToLastByte
TTS(n)~Pertainingtotechnologiesforconvertingtextual(ASCII)informationinto
syntheticspeechoutput.Usedinvoice-processingapplicationsrequiringproductionof
broad,unrelated,andunpredictablevocabularies,suchasproductsinacatalogornames
andaddresses.Thistechnologyisappropriatewhensystemdesignconstraintspreventthe
moreefficientuseofspeechconcatenationalone.
TTSengine(n)~ThecomponentofSpeechEngineServicesthatprocessestextinputand
producesspeechoutputbysynthesizingwordsandphrases.
TTY(n)~Afeaturethatenablesthosewhoaredeaforspeechimpairedtousethe
telephonewithateletypewriter.
TTY(n)~Adevicethatenablesthetransmissionoftypedmessagesoverphonelines.
Thesedevicestypicallyincludekeyboardsfortypingmessagestosendanddisplayand/or
printerstoreceivemessagesfromonedevicetoanother.
TTY/TDD(n)~Adevicethatenablesthetransmissionoftypedmessagesoverphone
lines.Thesedevicestypicallyincludekeyboardsfortypingmessagestosendanddisplay
and/orprinterstoreceivemessagesfromonedevicetoanother.
TUI(n)~AninterfacethatisusedtonavigatethemenusofaUnifiedMessaging(UM)
systemusingDTMFortouchtoneinputs.
tumblingwindow(n)~Ahoppingwindowwhosehopsizeisequaltothewindowsize.
tuneupscan(n)~Anonlinescanthatexaminesaharddisk’sleveloffragmentation.
tune-up(n)~Anadjustmentmadetoimproveworkingorderorefficiency.
tune-upscan(n)~Anonlinescanthatexaminesaharddisk’sleveloffragmentation.
tuningadapter(n)~Atwo-waydeviceprovidedbyacableproviderthatenablessome
one-waydigitalCableCARD-basedconsumerelectronicdevicessuchashigh-definition
DVRsandMediaCenterPCstoaccessdigitalcablechannelsdeliveredusingswitched
digitalvideo.
tunnel(n)~Alogicalconnectionoverwhichdataisencapsulated.Typically,both
encapsulationandencryptionareperformed,andthetunnelisaprivate,securelink
betweenaremoteuserorhostandaprivatenetwork.
tunnel/tunneling~Acommunicationchannelcreatedinacomputernetworkby
encapsulatingacommunicationprotocol’sdatapacketsin(ontopof)asecondprotocol
thatnormallywouldbecarriedabove,oratthesamelayeras,thefirstone.
TunnelBroker~Incomputernetworkingterminology,atunnelbrokeristhephraseused
todescribeaservicethatprovidesanetworktunnel.
tunnelserver(n)~Aserverorrouterthatterminatestunnelsandforwardstraffictothe
hostsonthetargetnetwork.
tunneling(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundation,aneventroutingstrategywherethe
eventinstancemovesdowntheelementtree(startingattherootofthevisualtreeand
endingwiththesource).Thenamesofeventsthatusethisroutingstrategyareprefixed
withthewordPreview’.Theseeventshavethesamesignatureastheircounterpartsthat
usethebubblingeventroutingstrategy.’
tuple(n)~Anorderedcollectionofmembersthatuniquelyidentifiesacell,basedona
combinationofattributemembersfromeveryattributehierarchyinthecube.
TupleMover(n)~Abackgroundtaskthatperiodicallycompressesdatastoredindelta
storesinthetraditionalrow-modeintothemoreefficientcolumnarformat.
turbulenceforce(n)~AparameterinthePerlinNoisefunctionwhichisusedtoscalethe
amountofforcefromthevectorfieldthatisappliedtotheimages.
turbulencespeed(n)~AparameterinthePerlinNoisefunctionwhichcontrolshowfast
thevectorfieldischanging.
turnoff(v)~Tomakeadevice,component,orfeaturenonfunctional.Forexample,ifyou
disableadeviceinahardwareconfiguration,youcannotusethedevicewhenyour
computerusesthathardwareconfiguration.Disablingadevicefreestheresourcesthat
wereallocatedtothedevice.
turnon(v)~Toactivateorturnon.
turn-by-turn(adj)~Awayofprovidingdrivingorwalkingdirectionstotheuserwhere
theappprovidesbothspokenandvisualinstructionsattherighttimefortheusertoacton
thoseinstructions.
turnkeycommunicationsline(n)~Aprivatenetworkproviderthatishiredbyacompany
tofacilitateelectronicdatainterchange(EDI)orprovideothernetworkservices.
turnover(n)~Acompany’sannualsalesvolume.
turnoverthreshold(n)~Themaximumlimitofacumulativetransactionvalue,upto
whichataxonthetransactionvalueiscalculatedbyusingconcessionalratesinsteadof
standardrates.
turtlecontour(n)~Acontourthatistaperedslightlyatthebeginningandendofthe
curve,resemblingtheshapeofaturtleshell.
tutorial(n)~Ateachingaiddesignedtohelppeoplelearntouseaproductorprocedure.
Incomputerapplications,atutorialmightbepresentedineitherabookoramanualoras
aninteractivedisk-basedseriesoflessonsprovidedwiththeprogrampackage.
TV(n)~Anelectronicsystemoftransmittingtransientimagesoffixedormovingobjects
togetherwithsoundthroughspacebyanapparatusthatconvertslightandsoundinto
electricalwavesandreconvertsthemintovisiblelightraysandaudiblesound.
TV(PN)~ANMSNsitethatallowstheusertoaccessthelatestTVreviews,photos,
trailers,clips,news,localshowtimes,DVDinfo,synopsis,castandcrew,awards,andTV
seriesinfo.
TVcam(n)~Acamerathatcanbeusedwithatelevisionsettomakevideocalls.
TVgenres(PN)~ThegenreschanneltitleforTVshows.
TVmovies(PN)~ThemoviegenreformoviesoriginallymadeforTV.
TVnetworks(PN)~ThenetworkschanneltitleforTVshows.
TVtunercard(n)~Avideocardthatcanreceivetelevisionsignals,usuallythroughan
antennaorcableconnection.
TWAIN(n)~Across-platforminterfaceforacquiringelectronicimagesthathavebeen
capturedbyscanners,digitalcameras,andstill-framevideocaptureboards.
TWAIN~(TechnologyWithoutAnInterestingName,accordingtolegend)Astandard
‘language’or-protocol-whichcomputersusetocommunicatewith-scanners.
tweak(v)~Tomakefinalsmallchangestoimprovehardwareorsoftwareperformance;to
fine-tuneanearlycompleteproduct.
Tweak~Whenyoumodifyacertainpieceofhardwareforbetterperformance,itisoften
referredtoas‘tweaking’it.
Tweet(PN)~Atext-basedpostonTwitter.
tweet(n)~Atext-basedpostonTwitter.
twirlangle(n)~Theanglethatdeterminesthecurvefromtheinnerpointsandtheouter
points.
TwistedPair~Twocopperwirestwistedtocanceltheirownradiofrequencyinterference
toreducenoiseonthecircuit.
twisted-paircable(n)~Twopairedwires,witheachwiretwistedtwoormoretimesper
inchtohelpcanceloutnoise.
two-dimensional(adj)~Existinginreferencetotwomeasures,suchasheightandwidth
—forexample,atwo-dimensionalmodeldrawnwithreferencetoanx-axisanday-axis,
oratwo-dimensionalarrayofnumbersplacedinrowsandcolumns.
two-factorauthentication(n)~Anauthenticationmethodthatrequirestwoauthentication
methods,whichmayincludesomethingtheuserprovides,suchascertificates;something
theuserknows,suchasusernames,passwords,orpassphrases;physicalattributes,such
asathumbprint;andpersonalattributes,suchasapersonalsignature.
two-fingerright-click(n)~Amulti-touchgesturethatconsistsofeitheraleft-down
movement,orright-down,right-uporleft-down,right-down,left-up,right-up(roll).
two-fingertap(n)~Amulti-touchgesturethatconsistsoftwofingerstappingatthesame
timeandwitharelativeshortdistancebetweeneachother.
two-levelinteractivetemplate(n)~Aworkflowtemplatewhichallowstheadministrator
todefinetwoquestionwithuptofouranswers.Theanswersdeterminewhichqueuethe
callisroutedto.
two-passencoding(n)~Anencodingmethodinwhichcontentisanalyzedinonepass
throughtheencoder,afterwhichcompressionisappliedinthesecondpass.
two-phasecommit(n)~Aprotocolthatensuresthattransactionsthatapplytomorethan
oneserverarecompletedonallserversornoneatall.Two-phasecommitiscoordinated
bythetransactionmanagerandsupportedbyresourcemanagers.
two-stepverification(n)~AnoptionalMicrosoftaccountsign-inmethodwithwhich
userscanonlysigninbyenteringbothapasswordandasecuritycodesenttothembythe
Microsoftaccountteam.
two-waybinding(n)~Atypeofdatabindingwherechangesmadetothetarget
automaticallyupdatethesource,andchangestothesourceautomaticallyupdatethetarget.
Databindingisalwayssetonthetargetobject.
two-waymatchingpolicy(n)~Amatchingpolicythatrequiresoneormorevendor
invoicepricestomatchwithoneormorepurchaseorderprices.
two-waytrust(n)~Atrustrelationshipbetweentwodomainsinwhichbothdomainstrust
eachother.Forexample,domainAtrustsdomainB,anddomainBtrustsdomainA.All
parent-childtrustsaretwo-way.
two-waytrustrelationship(n)~Atrustrelationshipbetweentwodomainsinwhichboth
domainstrusteachother.Forexample,domainAtrustsdomainB,anddomainBtrusts
domainA.Allparent-childtrustsaretwo-way.
type(n)~Inprogramming,thenatureofavariable.Forexample,integer,realnumber,text
character,orfloatingpointnumber.Datatypesinprogramsaredeclaredbythe
programmeranddeterminetherangeofvaluesavariablecantakeaswellasthe
operationsthatcanbeperformedonit.
type(v)~Toenterinformationbymeansofthekeyboard.
type(n)~Inprinting,thecharactersthatmakeupprintedtext,thedesignofasetof
characters(typeface),or,moreloosely,thecompletesetofcharactersinagivensizeand
style(font).
type(n)~Aformorstructurethatdistinguishesaparticularclassofobjects.
Type(n)~OntheBusinessRuleseditorform,thecolumnthatdisplayswhetherthe
businessruleistheprimaryrule,oraparticipatingone.
Type(n)~IntheAzureRESTAPI,thevariantofacomputingservicecreatedbythe
customer,e.g.cloudservice,database,storageaccount,webapp,mobileservice.
Type1fonts(n)~ScalablefontsdesignedtoworkwithPostScriptdevices.
typechecking(n)~Theprocessperformedbyacompilerorinterpretertomakesurethat
whenavariableisused,itistreatedashavingthesamedatatypeasitwasdeclaredto
have.
typedeclaration(n)~Adeclarationinaprogramthatspecifiesthecharacteristicsofa
newdatatype,usuallybycombiningmoreprimitiveexistingdatatypes.
typedescriptor(n)~Anobjectthatdefinesthedatatypeofaninput,outputorreturn
parameterofamethodinstanceobject.
typediscovery(n)~TheprocessofidentifyingthetypesthatshouldbepartofanEntity
Frameworkmodel.
typeinference(n)~Aprocessinwhichthecompilerdeterminesthedatatypeofalocal
variablethathasbeendeclaredwithoutanexplicitdatatypedeclaration.Thetypeis
inferredfromtheinitialvalueprovidedforthevariable.
typelibrary(n)~Afile(orcomponentwithinanotherfile)thatcontainsAutomation
standarddescriptionsofexposedobjects,properties,andmethods.
typemanager(n)~Asoftwareprogramthathelpsyouincreaseordecreasethesetsof
availablefonts.
typemismatch(n)~Ageneralerrorthathappenswhenassigningavaluetoavariableof
anothertypeorwhencomparingvaluesofincompatibledatatypes.
typepromotion(n)~Thepromotionofanelement’sscopetothenamespacecontaining
themodule.
typesafety(n)~Theabilityforlanguagesandclassestoexchangeinformationthrough
commonlyagreedupondefinitionsandusagepatternsfortypes.
Type,Length,Value(n)~AmethodoforganizingdatathatinvolvesaTypecode(16bit),
aspecifiedlengthofaValuefield(16bit),andthedataintheValuefield(variable).
typedadapter(n)~Anadapterthatemitsonlyasingleeventtype.
typedevent(n)~Aneventforwhichthestructureoftheeventpayloadprovidedbythe
sourceorconsumedbythesinkisknown,andtheinputoroutputadapterisdesigned
aroundthisspecificeventstructure.-
typedtext(n)~TextthatyouenterbyusingakeyboardorthatyourTabletPCconverts
fromhandwritingorspeech.
type-declarationcharacter(n)~Acharacterappendedtoavariablenameindicatingthe
variable’sdatatype.
typeface(n)~Asetofcharactersthatsharecommoncharacteristics,suchasstrokewidth
andthepresenceorabsenceofserifs(shortlinesattheupperandloweredgesof
characters).
Type-Length-Value(n)~AmethodoforganizingdatathatinvolvesaTypecode(16bit),
aspecifiedlengthofaValuefield(16bit),andthedataintheValuefield(variable).
type-safe(oth)~Pertainingtoprogramminglanguagesthatcanexchangeinformation
throughcommonlyagreedupondefinitionsandusagepatternsfortypes.
Typewriter(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
typography(n)~Theconversionofunformattedtextintocamera-readytype,suitablefor
printing.
U(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheBritishBoardofFilmClassification
(BBFC).
U~Uisthestandardunitofmeasurementforrack-mountedequipment.Rackscanbe
usedtohouseservers,harddrives,switches,routers,andothercomputerhardware.They
arealsousedformountingaudioandvideoequipment.1Uisequalto1.75inches.
U~
U.S.CustomarySystem(n)~Thesystemofweightsandmeasurementsmaintainedby
theNationalBureauofStandardsintheUnitedStates.
U.S.unit(n)~AunitusedintheUnitedStates’measurementsystem,suchasinches,feet,
yards,andmiles.
UA(n)~Aprogramthathelpsaclientconnectwithaserver.
UAC(n)~Asecurityfeaturethathelpspreventunauthorizedchangestoacomputer,by
askinguserforpermissionoradministratorcredentialsbeforeperformingactionsthat
couldpotentiallyaffectthecomputer’soperationorthatchangesettingsthataffect
multipleusers.
UACaccesstoken(n)~Anaccesstokenwiththeleastadministrativeprivilegesrequired
forthesession.Itisarestrictedaccesstokenwhereallelevatedprivilegeshavebeen
filteredout.Afilteredaccesstokeniscreatedbydefaultforallinteractiveusersthatare
notstandardusers,exceptthebuilt-inadministrator.
UACuser(n)~AuseraccountintheUsersgroupthathasafullprivilegeaccesstoken.
Thestandarduserisnotanadministratorandisnotamemberofanylocalgroupsthatare
filtered.
UACCE(PN)~Acompatibilityevaluatorusedtoidentifypotentialcompatibilityissues
duetopermissionrestrictionsenforcedbyUserAccountControl(UAC),formerlyknown
asLimitedUserAccount(LUA).
UBE,UCE~(UnsolicitedBulkEmail,UnsolicitedCommercialEmail)-Emailsentoutin
bulktoaddressesharvestedfromwebpages,newsgroupsetc,advertisingproductsor
services-mostlyscamsorpornography.Alsoknownas-spam.SendingUCEisa
violationofmost-ISP’sAcceptableUsePolicies,andwilloftengetyouraccount
terminatedimmediately.
UBL(n)~AlanguagefordefiningXMLbusinessdocumentsthatismaintainedbythe
OrganizationfortheAdvancementofStructuredInformationStandards(OASIS).
UC(n)~Asystemthatintegratesplatformsforcommunicationsincludinge-mail,voice
mail,telephony,instantmessaging,andvoiceandvideoconferencing.
UCSIPphone(n)~ASIPphonethatintegrateswiththeCommunicatorclient.
UCE(n)~Anunsolicitedandtypicallyunwelcomemessage,oftencommercialorpolitical
innature,transmittedviatheInternetasamassmailing(sometimesasiffromafictitious
userordomain)toalargenumberofrecipients.
UCE(PN)~AWindowsserviceabilitytoolusedtohelpprioritizethetestingof
applicationswhenevaluatinganewWindowsupdate.
UCP(n)~AnetworknodethatprovidesthecentralreasoningpointfortheSQLServer
Utility.ItusesUtilityExplorerinSQLServerManagementStudio(SSMS)toorganize
andmonitorSQLServerresourcehealth.
UCS(n)~AninternationalstandardcharactersetreferencethatispartoftheUnicode
standard.ThemostwidelyheldexistingversionoftheUCSstandardisUCS-2,which
specifies16-bitcharactervaluescurrentlyacceptedandrecognizedforusetoencodemost
oftheworld’slanguages.
UCSTransformationFormat8(n)~Acharactersetforprotocolsevolvingbeyondthe
useofASCII.TheUTF-8protocolprovidesforsupportofextendedASCIIcharactersand
translationofUCS-2,aninternational16-bitUnicodecharacterset.UTF-8enablesafar
greaterrangeofnamesthancanbeachievedusingASCIIorextendedASCIIencodingfor
characterdata.
UDDI(n)~AspecificationforpublishingandlocatinginformationaboutWebservices.It
definesastandards-basedwaytostoreandretrieveinformationaboutservices,service
providers,bindinginformation,andtechnicalinterfacedefinitions,allclassifiedusinga
setofstandardorcustomclassificationschemes.
UDF(n)~AfilesystemdefinedbytheOpticalStorageTechnologyAssociation(OSTA)
thatisthesuccessortotheCD-ROMfilesystem(CDFS).UDFisusedforremovabledisk
medialikeDVD,CD,andmagneto-optic(MO)disks.
UDP(n)~AconnectionlesstransportprotocolintheTCP/IPprotocolstackthatisusedin
caseswheresomepacketlossisacceptable,forexample,withdigitalmediastreams.
UDPresend(n)~Anerrorcorrectionmethodthatallowstheclienttorequestthatthe
serverretransmitlostdatapackets.
UDPsocket(n)~AsocketthattransmitsdatagramsovertheUserDatagramProtocol
(UDP).
UDT(n)~Auser-writtenextensiontothescalartypesysteminSQLServer.
UDT(n)~InOLE,asetofinterfacesthatallowdatatobesentandreceivedinastandard
fashion,regardlessoftheactualmethodchosentotransferthedata.
UEFI(PN)~Astandardprogramminginterfaceforsettingupandbootingacomputer,
basedontheExtensibleFirmwareInterface(EFI)developedbyIntel.Itprovidesruntime
services,whichareusedtoaccessthedriversthatwereloadedinthepre-boot
environment.Forexample,whenbootingfromanetwork,theoperatingsystemcan
continuetousethesamenetworkprotocolsusedtodownloaditinthefirstplace.
UI(n)~Theportionofaprogramwithwhichauserinteracts.
UIAutomation(PN)~TheaccessibilitymodelforMicrosoftWindowsthat
programmaticallygathersinformationaboutanapplication’sUserInterface(UI)elements
andexposesittoassistivetechnologyproductsandautomatedtestscripts.
UIAutomationclient(n)~Anassistivetechnologyapplication,suchasascreenreader,
thatusesUIAutomationtoobtainprogrammaticaccesstotheUIelementsinan
application’suserinterface.TheclientpresentsinformationaboutUIelementstotheend
user.AutomatedtestscriptsarealsoconsideredtobeUIAutomationclients.
UIAutomationcore(n)~Therun-timelibrarythathandlescommunicationbetween
providersandclientsintheUIAutomationframework.
UIAutomationelement(n)~AnelementthatrepresentsaUIitemthatimplementsaUI
automationproviderinterfaceandthatexposestheIUIAutomationElementinterfacetoUI
Automationclients.
UIAutomationframework(PN)~TheaccessibilitymodelforMicrosoftWindowsthat
programmaticallygathersinformationaboutanapplication’sUserInterface(UI)elements
andexposesittoassistivetechnologyproductsandautomatedtestscripts.
UIAutomationprovider(n)~AnimplementationofUIAutomationinterfacesthat
exposesprogrammaticinformationaboutaUIelement.Theprovidersuppliesthis
informationtotheUIAutomationframeworkinresponsetoUIAutomationclient
requests.
UIAutomationtree(n)~AhierarchicalrepresentationofallUIAutomationelementson
theWindowsdesktop.
UIControlLocator(n)~AtoolthatidentifiescontrolstouseinacodedUItest.
UIculture(n)~Thelanguagethatisusedtodisplaystringsandothergraphicalelements
inauserinterface.
UIframework(n)~Acomponentthatmanageschildcontrols,hittesting,andrendering
inanareaofthescreen.
UIpart(n)~Acontainerinthecontentareaofapagesandplacesthatcancontaingraphs,
listsorlinkstodata.Mostofthelinksareinternal,butthecontentareacanalsocontainUI
partsthatdisplaydatafromotherapplications,forexample,MicrosoftOutlook.
UIPrivilegeIsolation(PN)~Awindowmanagersubsystemthatblocksapplicationsata
lowerUIprivilegelevelfromsendingmessagestoorhookingthreadsbelongingto
processeswithahigherUIprivilegelevel.
UIprivilegelevel(n)~Theintegritylevelthatisstoredintheaccesstokenofaprocess
andthatisusedbytheUIPrivilegeIsolation(UIPI)featuretodetermineifanapplication
orprocessispermittedtosendWindowsmessagestoanotherapplicationorprocess.
UIsurface(n)~TheareainthenewWindowsUIwheredeveloperscanplacecontrols.
TheUIsurfaceincludestheappcanvas,theappbar,acontextmenu,aflyout,andsoon.
UItemplatefile(n)~Afilethatcontainspre-definedformatting,layout,text,andgraphics
thatguidesuserinterfacecreationforaportalextension.
UIA(n)~TheaccessibilitymodelforMicrosoftWindowsthatprogrammaticallygathers
informationaboutanapplication’sUserInterface(UI)elementsandexposesittoassistive
technologyproductsandautomatedtestscripts.
UIAutomation(n)~TheaccessibilitymodelforMicrosoftWindowsthat
programmaticallygathersinformationaboutanapplication’sUserInterface(UI)elements
andexposesittoassistivetechnologyproductsandautomatedtestscripts.
UID(n)~Analphanumericidentificationusedtoidentifyaparticularuser.
UIDcache(n)~AfileforstoringUniqueIdentifieralphanumericvaluesfore-mailusers.
UIDlist(n)~AlistofUniqueIdentifieralphanumericvalues.
UIDLcommand(n)~APowerShellcommandthatcallsaUniqueIdentifierList.
UII(PN)~ThebasecomponentsthatareincludedintheCRMSDKthatyoucanuseto
buildapplicationsforcustomercare.
UIM(PN)~AcarddevelopedforcdmaOne/CDMA2000(CDMA’)handsetsthatextends
theGSMSIMcardtoCDMAphonesandnetworks.’
UIMcard(PN)~AcarddevelopedforcdmaOne/CDMA2000(CDMA’)handsetsthat
extendstheGSMSIMcardtoCDMAphonesandnetworks.’
UIPI(PN)~AwindowmanagersubsystemthatblocksapplicationsatalowerUIprivilege
levelfromsendingmessagestoorhookingthreadsbelongingtoprocesseswithahigher
UIprivilegelevel.
ULS(PN)~Aninstrumentationandloggingplatformthatprovidesmonitoring,reporting
andlogviewingcapabilitiesforOfficeserversandservices.
UltraDMA,UDMA~(DirectMemoryAccess)-Astandardfor-EIDE-disk
controllersrelatingtohowfasttheycantransferdata.Oftenfollowedbyanumber
representingthetransferratein-Mbps,egUDMA100operatesatupto100Mbps.
ultrawide-band(n)~Awirelesstechnologysimilartoradarthatiscenteredonthe
200MZto4GHzband.
ultra-bold(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof800
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
ultra-light(adj)~Havingafontweightthatcorrespondstoaweightclassvalueof200
accordingtotheOpenTypespecification.
ultra-mobilePC(n)~AclassofmobilePCsthathasatouchscreennolargerthan7
inchesandatabletpen.
ultra-wideband(n)~Awirelesstechnologysimilartoradarthatiscenteredonthe200MZ
to4GHzband.
UM(PN)~Anapplicationthatconsolidatesauser’svoicemail,fax,ande-mailintoone
mailbox,sothattheuseronlyneedstocheckasinglelocationformessages,regardlessof
type.Thee-mailserverisusedastheplatformforalltypesofmessages,makingit
unnecessarytomaintainseparatevoicemailande-mailinfrastructures.
UMaccesstelephonenumber(n)~Atelephonenumberthatpointstoahuntgroupandis
theaccessnumberforcallsthatareroutedtoUnifiedMessagingservers.
UMManagement(PN)~Therolegroupthatgivesusersthepermissionstomanage
UnifiedMessaging(UM)serverconfigurations,UMpropertiesonmailboxes,UM
prompts,andUMautoattendantconfiguration.
UML(n)~AlanguagedevelopedbyGradyBooch,IvarJacobson,andJimRumbaughof
RationalSoftwarethatcanbeusedforspecifying,building,anddocumentingsoftware
andnon-softwaresystems,suchasbusinessmodels.
unallocateddiskspace(n)~Anyunpartitionedandunformattedspaceonaharddisk.
unallocatedspace(n)~Availablediskspacethatisnotallocatedtoanyvolume.Thetype
ofvolumethatyoucancreateonunallocatedspacedependsonthedisktype.Onbasic
disks,youcanuseunallocatedspacetocreateprimaryorextendedpartitions.Ondynamic
disks,youcanuseunallocatedspacetocreatedynamicvolumes.
UnannouncedTransfer(n)~AbuttononPhoneControlsthattransfersthecurrentphone
callwithouttheuserremainingonthelinetoannouncethecall.
unapproved(adj)~Thestatusthatindicatesanarticlehasbeenwrittenandisreadyfor
review.
unaryoperator(n)~Anoperatorthattakesonlyoneoperand,forexample,theincrement
(++)operator.
unattend.xml(n)~AfilethatautomatesWindowsSetup.Thisfileenablesthe
configurationofWindowssettings,theadditionandremovalofcomponents,andmany
WindowsSetuptasks,suchasdiskconfiguration.
unattendedinstallation(n)~Aninstallationthatrunsunattendedanddoesnotrequire
anyuserinputafterithasbeenstarted.
unattendedserviceaccount(n)~Thesecurityaccountthatisusedwhenadatasourceis
configuredtoconnectasasinglesharedidentityforallusers.
unattendedsetup(n)~Aninstallationthatrunsunattendedanddoesnotrequireanyuser
inputafterithasbeenstarted.
unauthorizedDHCPserver(n)~ADHCPserverthatisnotanauthorizedserver,as
specifiedin[RFC2131],section7.
unauthorizedserver(n)~Aserverwhichisusingnon-standardprocessesandatodds
withcompanypolicy.Itmaybesetuptospreadavirus,collectnamesforspammersorfor
someotherillicitpurpose.
unavailable(adj)~Pertainingtothestateofacontrolinwhichnormalfunctionalityisnot
availabletoauser.
Unavailable(PN)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertoforwardincomingcallswhenthe
userisnotavailabletoanswerthem.
unavailableappearance(n)~Thevisualdisplayforacontrolwhenitisunavailable.
unbalancedhierarchy(n)~Ahierarchyinwhichoneormorelevelsdonotcontain
membersinoneormorebranchesofthehierarchy.
unblockcode(n)~Anoperator-providedcodetounblockaSIMcard.
unboundapplication(n)~Anapplicationinthesystemthatisnotyetboundtoalogical
serveronthedeploymentdiagram.
unboundcontrol(n)~Acontrolthatisnotconnectedtoafieldinanunderlyingtable,
query,orSQLstatement.Anunboundcontrolisoftenusedtodisplayinformationaltextor
decorativepictures.
unboundform(n)~Aformthatisn’tconnectedtoarecordsourcesuchasatable,query,
orSQLstatement.
unboundobject(n)~Anobject,suchasapicture,whosevalueisn’tderivedfromdata
storedinatable.
unboundobjectframe(n)~Acontrolyouplaceonaformorreporttocontainan
unboundobject.
unboundreport(n)~Areportthatisn’tconnectedtoarecordsourcesuchasatable,
query,orSQLstatement.
unboundstream(n)~Aneventstreamthatcontainsthedefinitionoftheeventmodelor
payloadtype,butdoesnotdefinethedatasource.
unboundtype(n)~AtypethatisreferencedinaprojectandthatIntelliSenseandtheC#
compilercannotmatchtoadeclaration.
unboxing(n)~Theconversionofanobjectinstancetoavaluetype.
UNC(n)~Aconventionfornamingfilesandotherresourcesbeginningwithtwo
backslashes(\),indicatingthattheresourceexistsonanetworkcomputer.
UNCpath(n)~Thestandardpathtoaccessnetworkshares.
uncloak(v)~Removethecloakedattributefromaproject.
uncomment(v)~Toconverttextthathasbeencommentedoutbackintosourcecodeso
thatitwillnolongerbeignoredbythecompilerorinterpreter.
uncommittable(adj)~Pertainingtoatransactionthatremainsopenandcannotbe
completed.Uncommitabletransactionscouldbeconsideredasubclassofpartiallyfailed
transactions,wherethetransactionhasencounteredanerrorthatpreventsitscompletion,
butitisstillholdingitslocksandhastoberolledbackbytheuser.
Unconditional(adj)~Anoptionthatforwardsallincomingcallsunconditionally.
undead~Anundeadobjectisanobjectthatcannotbeproventobedeadbythegarbage
collector,butwhoselivenessisdubious.
undecoratedname(n)~InC++,theformthatanidentifierhasinthesourcecode(asa
stringofhuman-readablecharacters)asopposedtoitsdecoratedname,whichconsistsof
symbolsthataremeaningfulonlytothecompilerandthelinker.
undeliverable(adj)~Notabletobedeliveredtoanintendedrecipient.Ifane-mail
messageisundeliverable,itisreturnedtothesenderwithinformationaddedbythemail
serverexplainingtheproblem;forexample,thee-mailaddressmaybeincorrect,orthe
recipient’smailboxmaybefull.
underallocation(n)~Theresultofassigningaresourcetoworkfewerhoursthanthe
resourcehasavailable.
under-construction(n)~Astatusforatangibleassetthatindicatesthattheassetisnot
productive.Forexample,theassetisbeingtransportedorinstalled.Inimpairment
accounting,theimpairmentcostisdistributedwhentheconstructionofanassetis
complete.
underdelivery(n)~Alimit,specifiedasapercentageofquantityordered,forhowmuch
thepurchaserwillacceptundertheamountordered.Underdeliverytypicallyappliesto
bulkitems.
underline(v)~Toformataselectionoftextsothatthetextisprintedwithalineslightly
belowit.
underlyingtable(n)~Atablereferencedbyaview,cursor,orstoredprocedure.
underscore(n)~The_character.
Undirected(adj)~Anodeplacementstylethatspecifiesthatthenodesdonothavea
particulardirectioninrelationtotheMOMManagementServer.
undo(v)~Togobacktoapreviousstatebyreversingtheeffectsofoneormore
commands.
undo(n)~Thephaseduringdatabaserecoverythatreverses(rollsback)changesmadeby
anytransactionsthatwereuncommittedwhentheredophaseofrecoverycompleted.
undodisk(n)~Avirtualharddiskthatstoresthechangesmadetoavirtualmachine’s
guestoperatingsystemanddataaftertheUndoDisksfeaturehasbeenenabledforthe
virtualmachine.Changesaccumulateintheundodisk(.vud)fileuntilyoucommitor
discardthechanges.Eachtimeyoushutdownorturnoffavirtualmachine,youdecide
whethertokeep,commit,ordiscardthechanges.
undofile(n)~Afilethatsavesthecontentofthepagesinadatabaseafterthey’vebeen
modifiedbyuncommitted,rolledbacktransactionsandbeforerecoveryrestoresthemto
theirpreviousstate.Theundofilepreventsthechangesperformedbyuncommitted
transactionsfrombeinglost.
undophase(n)~Thephaseduringdatabaserecoverythatreverses(rollsback)changes
madebyanytransactionsthatwereuncommittedwhentheredophaseofrecovery
completed.
undock(v)~Todetachalaptoporotherportablecomputerfromadockingstation.
unelevate(v)~Toremovetheabilityofanetworkobject,suchasauseraccountora
network-joinedcomputertoaccesstheresourcesthattheserverprovides.Deactivatinga
networkobjectdoesnotdeletetheobjectfromtheactivedirectory,nordoesitdeleteany
datathatisassociatedwiththeobject.
unenforcedrelationship(n)~Alinkbetweentablesthatreferencestheprimarykeyin
onetabletoaforeignkeyinanothertable,andwhichdoesnotcheckthereferential
integrityduringINSERTandUPDATEtransactions.
unenlist(v)~Toeliminateallsubscriptionsandinstances(runningorsuspended)forthat
service.
unfavorite(v)~Toremovesomethingfromone’sFavorites.
unfoldbutton(n)~Acommandbuttonusedtoexpandasecondarywindowtoalarger
sizetorevealadditionalcontrolsorinformation.
unfollow(v)~ActiontakenbyaMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuseronaCRMrecord(such
asanAccount-€“Contoso)thatstopspostsaboutthatCRMrecordfromshowingupon
theuser’spersonalWall.
Unfollow(PN)~ThebuttoninYammerthatappearsinatooltipwhenthecurserhovers
oversomeonethatauserisfollowingthatallowsthemtochoosetonolongerreceive
updatesonwhattheotherpersonispostingonthefeed.
unfollow(v)~Theactofstoppingtrackingaperson,group,ororganizationonasocial
mediawebsiteorapplicationbyunsubscribingfromtheiraccount.
unfreeze(v)~Toreleasenonscrollingpaneswithinaworksheet.
unfriend(v)~ToremovesomeonefromyourMessengerfriendslist.Theoppositeof
sendingsomeoneafriend(buddy)invitation.
ungroup(v)~Toreleaseobjectsthathavebeencombinedtogetherasasingleobject.
unhandledexception(n)~Anexceptionthatwasidentifiedwithatrycatchorfinally
block’structureorthatoccurredoutsidethisstructurebutwasnotcaughtbyanystructured
errorhandler.‘Dr.Watson’errorsareexamples.’
Unhold(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoresumeatemporarilysuspendedphonecall.
unicast(n)~Indatacommunicationsnetworks,totransmitdatafromoneterminalto
another,suchasfromclienttoserver,orfromservertoserver.
unicastaddress(n)~Anaddressusedforone-to-onecommunicationbetweenIPv6hosts,
whichhavemultipleunicastaddresses.
Unicode(n)~Acharacter-encodingstandarddevelopedbytheUnicodeConsortiumthat
representsalmostallofthewrittenlanguagesoftheworld.TheUnicodecharacter
repertoirehasmultiplerepresentationforms,includingUTF-8,UTF-16,andUTF-32.
MostWindowsinterfacesusetheUTF-16form.
Unicodecollation(n)~AsetofrulesthatactsasasortorderforUnicodedata.
unicodeescapesequence(n)~Inregularexpressions,abackslashfollowedbytheletter
‘u’followedbyfourhexadecimaldigits.Itmatchesacharacterinthetargetsequencethat
hasthevaluethatisspecifiedbythefourdigits.
unidentifiedcaller(n)~AcallerwhosecallerIDinformationisnotavailable.
unifiedcommunications(n)~Asystemthatintegratesplatformsforcommunications
includinge-mail,voicemail,telephony,instantmessaging,andvoiceandvideo
conferencing.
UnifiedCommunicationsSIPphone(n)~ASIPphonethatintegrateswiththe
Communicatorclient.
UnifiedConnectionManager(PN)~AWindowsservicethatisdesignedtoaggregate
networkinformation(connectionavailability/status,profileslists,radiostate/strength,etc.)
frominfrastructurenetworkssothatitcanbepresentedtotheuserinameaningfulway.
ThemainfunctionoftheUCMserviceincludesmakingconnectiondecisions
(connect/disconnect)basedonpolicyacrossmultiplemediatypes.TheUCMservicealso
allowsforthird-partymediatypestobeseamlesslyintegratedintothesystemmakingthe
UCMexpandablewithfuturemediatypes.
UnifiedExtensibleFirmwareInterface(PN)~Astandardprogramminginterfacefor
settingupandbootingacomputer,basedontheExtensibleFirmwareInterface(EFI)
developedbyIntel.Itprovidesruntimeservices,whichareusedtoaccessthedriversthat
wereloadedinthepre-bootenvironment.Forexample,whenbootingfromanetwork,the
operatingsystemcancontinuetousethesamenetworkprotocolsusedtodownloaditin
thefirstplace.
UnifiedLoggingService(PN)~Aninstrumentationandloggingplatformthatprovides
monitoring,reportingandlogviewingcapabilitiesforOfficeserversandservices.
UnifiedMessaging(n)~Anapplicationthatconsolidatesauser’svoicemail,fax,ande-
mailintoonemailbox,sothattheuseronlyneedstocheckasinglelocationformessages,
regardlessoftype.Thee-mailserverisusedastheplatformforalltypesofmessages,
makingitunnecessarytomaintainseparatevoicemailande-mailinfrastructures.
UnifiedMessaginglanguage(n)~OneofthelanguagesinwhichMicrosoftExchange
Server2007UnifiedMessaging(UM)functionalityissupportedbytheavailabilityofUM
languagepacks.
UnifiedMessagingserverrole(n)~Asetofcomponentsandservicesthatenablevoice,
fax,ande-mailmessagestobestoredinauser’ssinglemailbox.Userscanalsoaccess
theirMicrosoftExchangeServer2007mailboxfromatelephoneoracomputer.
UnifiedModelingLanguage(n)~AlanguagedevelopedbyGradyBooch,IvarJacobson,
andJimRumbaughofRationalSoftwarethatcanbeusedforspecifying,building,and
documentingsoftwareandnon-softwaresystems,suchasbusinessmodels.
UnifiedServiceDeskforMicrosoftDynamicsCRM(PN)~Anoutofthebox(OOB)
solutionwhereadminscansetupandconfiguretheapplicationsthatacustomerservice
agentneedseasilyandquickly.
UnifiedTracingModel(n)~Thenamegiventotheprocessesthatdefinehowtoreceive
tracinginformationfromboththeIISrequest-processingpipelineandrelatedtechnologies
likeASP.NETthroughasingletracinginfrastructure.
unifiedworklist(n)~Alistofalltasks,approvals,andalertsassignedtothecurrentuser.
UniformDataTransfer(n)~InOLE,asetofinterfacesthatallowdatatobesentand
receivedinastandardfashion,regardlessoftheactualmethodchosentotransferthedata.
UniformResourceIdentifier(n)~Acharacterstringusedtoidentifyaresource(suchas
afile)fromanywhereontheInternetbytypeandlocation.ThesetofUniformResource
IdentifiersincludesbothUniformResourceNames(URNs)andUniformResource
Locators(URLs).
UniformResourceLocator(n)~Anaddressthatuniquelyidentifiesalocationonthe
Internet.AURLisusuallyprecededbyhttp://,asinhttp://www.microsoft.com.AURL
cancontainmoredetail,suchasthenameofapageofhypertext,oftenwiththefilename
extension.htmlor.htm.
UniformResourceName(n)~Aschemeforuniquelyidentifyingresourcesthatmaybe
availableontheInternetbyname,withoutregardtowheretheyarelocated.
uninitialize(v)~Tochangethestateofanenumeratorordatasourceobjectsothatit
cannotbeusedtoaccessdata.
uninstall(v)~Whenreferringtoadevice,toremovethecorrespondingdevicedrivers
fromtheharddiskandphysicallyremovethedevicefromthecomputer.
uninstall(v)~Whenreferringtosoftware,toremoveprogramfilesandfoldersfromthe
harddiskandremoverelateddatafromtheregistrysothesoftwareorsolutionisnolonger
available.
Uninstall~Removeaprogramfromyoursystem.Youcan’tjustdeleteitsfolder,because
almostallprogramsmakechangestovariouspartsofWindows.-Manyprogramscome
withaspecialuninstaller,whichyoushoulduseifitexists.Otherwise,youcanuninstall
programs(inWindows)fromtheControlPanel.
uninterpretedconfigurationitem.(n)~Animportedconfigurationitemthatcannotbe
interpretedbytheConfigurationManagerconsoleandwhosepropertiescannotbeviewed
oreditedintheconsole.
uninterruptiblepowersupply(n)~Adevice,connectedbetweenacomputer(orother
electronicequipment)andapowersource(usuallyanoutletreceptacle),thatensuresthat
electricalflowtothecomputerisnotinterruptedbecauseofablackoutand,inmostcases,
protectsthecomputeragainstpotentiallydamagingevents,suchaspowersurgesand
brownouts.
union(n)~Indatabasemanagement,arelationaloperator.Giventworelations(tables),A
andB,thatareunion-compatible(containthesamenumberoffields,withcorresponding
fieldscontainingthesametypesofvalues),AUNIONBbuildsanewrelationcontaining
thosetuples(records)thatappeareitherinAorinBorinboth.Comparedifference,
intersect
unionquery(n)~AquerythatusestheUNIONoperatortocombinetheresultsoftwoor
moreselectqueries.
UnionPayOnlinePayment(PN)~AnonlinepaymentmethodusingUnionPaybank
cardsorservicesfromChina.
uni-processor(n)~Acomputerwithasingleprocessor.
uni-processor(adj)~Inreferencetoacomputerwithasingleprocessor.
uniquecolumnconstraint(n)~Apropertyofafieldthatrequiresallofthevaluesinthat
fieldtobeunique.
uniquecustomer(n)~AcustomerwhomayvisitaWebsiteseveraltimeswithinacertain
timeframe,butiscountedonlyonce.
uniqueID(n)~AnumberusedasauniqueidentifierforeachWindowsLiveIDholder.
ThisnumberisdisclosedtoresidentsoftheEuropeanUniontocomplywithEUprivacy
regulations.
uniqueidentifier(n)~A16-bytevaluegeneratedfromtheuniqueidentifieronadevice,
thecurrentdateandtime,andasequencenumber.Itisusedtoidentifyaparticulardevice,
component,user,orsession.
uniqueindex(n)~Anindexinwhichnotworowsarepermittedtohavethesameindex
value,thusprohibitingduplicateindexorkeyvalues.
uniquepermission(n)~Apermissionsettingforusingalist,library,orsitethatis
differentfromthepermissionsettingsofitsparentsite.
UniqueProgramIdentifier(n)~A21-characteridentifierusedtoidentifycomputers
enabledbyFlexGotechnologyproductmodelsandlocalesforaspecificsolutionprovider.
uniquevolumename(n)~Anamecontainingagloballyuniqueidentifier(GUID)thatis
assignedtoavolume.Thenameisguaranteedtobeunique.Usinguniquevolumenames,
youcanavoidtheambiguityofdrivelettersintheMicrosoftMS-DOSoperatingsystem.
uniqueidentifierdatatype(n)~Adatatypecontainingauniqueidentificationnumber
storedasa16-bytebinarystringusedforstoringagloballyuniqueidentifier(GUID).
uniqueifier(n)~A4-bytecolumnthattheSQLServerDatabaseEngineautomatically
addstoarowtomakeeachindexkeyunique.
uniquenessconstraint(n)~Aconstraintthatprohibitsrepetitionofindividualdataor
combinationsofdata.
unit(n)~Ameasurementthatspecifiesinwhatquantityaproductorserviceissold.
unitavailability(n)~Amountoftime,expressedasapercentageoradecimalnumber,
thataresourcecanbescheduledforassignedwork.Itreferstotheavailabilityofa
resource;forexample,aresourcemaybeavailable50%,100%,or300%offulltime.
unitclass(n)~Aclassificationofunitsofmeasurement.
unitcontributionmargin(n)~Theunitsalespriceminustheunitvariablecost.
unitconversionfactor(n)~Thefactorusedtoconvertfromoneunitofmeasureto
anotherunitofmeasure,suchasfromcentimeterstometers.
unitgroup(n)~Acompilationofthedifferentmeasurementsthataproductisavailable
in.Aunitgroupcontainsthebaseunitinwhichaproductisavailable,forexample,atwo-
liter.Itthenlistsallthedifferentincrementsthatthisbaseunitispackagedinforsale,such
asanindividualtwo-literbottleoracaseof6two-literbottles,andalsoindicateswhich
measurementistheprimaryunit.
UnitHours(PN)~TheunitofmeasureforBizTalkServerusedonAzure.
unitofmeasure(n)~Adivisionofquantityestablishedincalibratedornormativesystems
ofmeasurement.
unitofmeasure(n)~Thetypeofmeasurementsystemusedinadrawing.Informulas,
usedafteranumbertospecifytheunitofmeasurethatthenumberrepresents.
unitofmeasurement(n)~Adivisionofquantityestablishedincalibratedornormative
systemsofmeasurement.
unitofwork(n)~Anobjectthatusesreferentialintegrityconstraintstosequencedatabase
readingandwritingoperationsinoneatomicworkprocess.
unitprice(n)~Theamountperunitanitemissoldfor.
unittest(n)~Atestthatconfirmsthefunctionalityandpeformanceofspecificmodules
andbehaviorsofcode.Oftenasubsetofunittestsarealsousedascheck-intestto
discoverbugsbeforeabuild.
unitvarianceamount(n)~Theamountofvariancebetweentheinvoicenetunitpriceand
thepurchaseordernetunitpricewheninvoicelinesandpurchaseorderlinesare
compared.
unite(v)~Tocombinetwoormoreshapesorpathstoresultinasinglecompoundpath
thatrepresentsalloftheareathatwascoveredbytheindividualshapesandpaths.Ifthe
resultingpathisnotasolidshape(forexample,ifthereareholes),youcanreleasethe
compoundpath,whichresultsinapathobjectbeingcreatedforeachcontiguousedge.
UnitedNationsTradeDataElementsDictionary(n)~Thedictionaryofallelements
usedwithintheEDIFACTstandard.
UnitedParcelServicezone(n)~AgeographicaldivisionusedbytheU.S.-basedcarrier,
UPS,todetermineshippingtimeandcosts.
UnitedStates(PN)~TheUS-AmericangeowithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
units(n)~Thequantityofaresourceassignedtoatask.Themaximumunitsisthe
maximumnumberofunitsavailablefortheresource.Forexample,ifyouhavethree
plumbers,themaximumunitsis300percentorthreeplumbersworkingfull-time.
Universal(BBFC)(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheBritishBoardofFilm
Classification(BBFC).
universalapp(n)~?AnappthatisbuiltusingtheWindowsuniversalapp
platform.-DeveloperscancreateaWindowsuniversalappthatrunsonallWindows-based
devicetypes,ortheycanchoosetolimitanapptospecificdevices.
universalappplatform(n)~?TheportionoftheWindowsuniversalplatformthatapp
developersusetobuildappsthatcantargetallWindows-baseddevicefamilies.
UniversalBusinessLanguage(n)~AlanguagefordefiningXMLbusinessdocuments
thatismaintainedbytheOrganizationfortheAdvancementofStructuredInformation
Standards(OASIS).
UniversalCharacterSet(n)~Aninternationalstandardcharactersetreferencethatis
partoftheUnicodestandard.ThemostwidelyheldexistingversionoftheUCSstandard
isUCS-2,whichspecifies16-bitcharactervaluescurrentlyacceptedandrecognizedfor
usetoencodemostoftheworld’slanguages.
UniversalDescription,Discovery,andIntegration(n)~Aspecificationforpublishing
andlocatinginformationaboutWebservices.Itdefinesastandards-basedwaytostoreand
retrieveinformationaboutservices,serviceproviders,bindinginformation,andtechnical
interfacedefinitions,allclassifiedusingasetofstandardorcustomclassification
schemes.
UniversalDiskFormat(n)~AfilesystemdefinedbytheOpticalStorageTechnology
Association(OSTA)thatisthesuccessortotheCD-ROMfilesystem(CDFS).UDFis
usedforremovablediskmedialikeDVD,CD,andmagneto-optic(MO)disks.
universaldriver(n)~?AdriverthatisavailableonmorethanoneWindows-baseddevice
family.
universaldriverplatform(n)~?TheportionoftheWindowsuniversalplatformthat
driverdevelopersusetobuilddriversthatcanworkacrossallWindows-baseddevice
families.
universalgroup(n)~Asecurityordistributiongroupthatcancontainusers,groups,and
computersfromanydomaininitsforestasmembers.
UniversalNamingConvention(n)~Aconventionfornamingfilesandotherresources
beginningwithtwobackslashes(\),indicatingthattheresourceexistsonanetwork
computer.
UniversalNamingConventionname(n)~Thefullnameofaresourceonanetwork.It
conformstothe\servername\sharenamesyntax,whereservernameisthenameofthe
serverandsharenameisthenameofthesharedresource.UNCnamesofdirectoriesor
filescanalsoincludethedirectorypathunderthesharenamewiththefollowingsyntax:
\servername\sharename\directory\filename.
UniversalNamingConventionpath(n)~Thestandardpathtoaccessnetworkshares.
UniversalObjectControl(n)~AdatadrivenUIthattakestwoinputs:theOVC
describinghowtorendertheUIfortheobjecttobeedited/created,andtheresourceobject
whichisbeingedited/created.
universalprovider(n)~Adataproviderthatsupportssession,membership,roles,and/or
profilepropertiesandispartoftheASP.NETUniversalProviderspackage.
UniversalProviders(PN)~Apackageofunifieddata-providerclassesthatsupport
session,membership,roles,andprofilepropertiesinallversionsofSQLServer2005and
later,includingSQLServerCompactEditionandSQLAzure.
UniversalReceiverTransmitter(n)~Acircuitwhichisusedforsynchronous,
asynchronous,orcombinedsynchronous/asynchronouscommunications,andwhich
containsaserial-to-parallelconverterfordatatransmittedoutofthecomputeranda
parallel-to-serialconverterfordatacomingin.
universalserialbus(n)~AnexternalbusthatsupportsPlugandPlayinstallation,which
enablesyoutoconnectanddisconnectdeviceswithoutshuttingdownorrestartingyour
computer.
UniversalWindowsapp(n)~AnappthatisbuiltusingtheUniversal-WindowsPlatform
(UWP),whichwasfirstintroducedinWindows8astheWindowsRuntime.
UniversalWindowsPlatform(PN)~TheconvergedWindowsplatformthatenablesthe
creationofWindowsapps,games,anddriversthatcantargeteveryWindows10device.
UniversalWindowsPlatformBridge(PN)~Atoolkitoftoolsandrun-timetechnologies
thatenableadevelopertobringexistingcodefromanothercodebaseintotheUniversal
WindowsPlatform.Eachtoolkitwillvaryintermsofthetoolingandrun-time
technologiesthatitprovides,butallofthemmakeiteasiertoquicklybringcodefromits
codebase-totheWindowsStore.
universallyuniqueidentifier(n)~A16-bytevaluegeneratedfromtheuniqueidentifier
onadevice,thecurrentdateandtime,andasequencenumber.Itisusedtoidentifya
particulardevice,component,user,orsession.
Universe(n)~AdirectorythatholdsthedataforallParatureDepartmentsbelongingto
oneParatureClient.
UNIX(PN)~Apowerful,multiuser,multitaskingoperatingsysteminitiallydevelopedat
AT&TBellLaboratoriesin1969foruseonminicomputers.UNIXisconsideredmore
portable,thatis,lesscomputer-specific,thanotheroperatingsystemsbecauseitiswritten
inClanguage.NewerversionsofUNIXhavebeendevelopedattheUniversityof
CaliforniaatBerkeleyandbyAT&T.
Unix~Acomputeroperatingsystem(thebasicsoftwarerunningonacomputer,
underneaththingslikewordprocessorsandspreadsheets).Unixisdesignedtobeusedby
manypeopleatthesametime(itismulti-user)andhas-TCP/IP-built-in.
UNIXfilepermissions(n)~Asetofpermissionsthatdescribestheaccessrightstoa
UNIXfileordirectoryforthefileowner,thegroupowner,andotherusers.EveryUNIX
fileanddirectorypossessesasetofpermissions,andeachusercanhaveanycombination
ofread,write,orexecuteaccess.
UNIX-to-UNIXCoPy(n)~Asetofsoftwareprogramsthatfacilitatestransmissionof
informationbetweenUNIXsystemsusingserialdataconnections,primarilythepublic
switchedtelephonenetwork.
Unknown(PN)~Astatusmessageforanincomingcallthatindicatesthatthecaller
cannotbeidentified(e.g.Internetcall).
unknown(adj)~Usedtodescribeavalue,parameter,orvariablethatisnotknown.
unknownmember(n)~Amemberofadimensionforwhichnokeyisfoundduring
processingofacubethatcontainsthedimension.
unknowntape(n)~TapethathasnotbeenidentifiedbytheDPMserver.
unlike(v)~ActiontakenbyaMicrosoftDynamicsCRMuseronaposttoundotheirLike
onthatpost.
unlike(PN)~AFacebooktermforremovingthe-€œlike-€?afriend’spostor
disconnectingfromaPagebyclickingtheunlike’button.’
Unlike(PN)~ThebuttoninYammerthatallowsuserstoundotheapplicationoftheLike’
buttonforapost.’
Unlimited(adj)~Characteristicofasubscriptionwhichgivesyou,foraper-monthfee,
unlimitedcallstoaselectedcountry/region;e.g.UnlimitedPortugal.
unlimitedcalls(n)~ApartofaSkypesubscriptionofferthatallowsausertocallto
selecteddestination(s)withinlimitsdefinedbytheFairUsagePolicy.
unlimitedmaterial(n)~Amethodforschedulingresourcesthatassumesthatallthe
componentmaterialsneededforproductionareavailableatthetimetheyareneeded.
unlimitedmusic(n)~UserswhosubscribetoXboxMusicPasscandownloadandlisten
toasmanysongsastheywantaslongasthesubscriptionremainsactive.
unlimitedpurchaseapproval(n)~Anapprovalforwhichnomaximumamounthasbeen
specifiedonpurchasedocuments.
unlimitedrequestapproval(n)~Anapprovalforwhichnomaximumamounthasbeen
specifiedonpurchaserequestdocuments.
unlimitedsalesapproval(n)~Anapprovalforwhichnomaximumamounthasbeen
specifiedonsalesdocuments.
unlink(v)~Todisconnectanitemfromarecord,orarecordfromanotherrecord.
unlink(v)~Toseparatelinkedinboxes.
unlink(v)~ToremovethemappingfromafoldertoOneDrive.
unload(v)~Toremovesoftwarefromsystemmemory.
Unlock(PN)~Anoptionthatunlocksthekeypadafteritwaslocked.
unlock(v)~Toenableanobjecttobemodified.
unlock(v)~Togainaccesstoallphonefunctionalitybyenteringthecorrectpassword
whenthephonehaslockeditselfduetodelayeduseorwhentheuserhasmanuallylocked
it.
Unlock(PN)~AUIbuttonthatgivesauseraccesstoallphonefunctionalitywhenthe
phonehaslockeditselfduetodelayeduseorwhentheuserhasmanuallylockedit.
unlock(v)~TofreeaGSMcellphonefromtherestrictiontouseaparticularcellular
carrier.AphonethatisSIMlockedmaybeunlockedbyenteringacode.
unlockcode(n)~AcodeneededtouseaphonewithaSIMcardonanothercellular
network.
UnlockSession(oth)~ThebuttoninConferenceControlsthatunlocksthecurrent
conferencesothatadditionalparticipantscannowjoin.
unlockedgroup(n)~Agroupwhosemembershipcanbechangedbyusersotherthanthe
ownerofthegroup.
unlockeduserprofile(n)~Auseraccountwhosesettingsthatarechangedinauser
sessionareretainedeverytimetheuserlogsontotheaccount.
unmanaged(adj)~PertainingtoacomputerordevicethatisnotmanagedbyMOM.
unmanagedAzuretenant(n)~Adirectorythathasnoglobaladministrator.
unmanagedclient(n)~Aclientthatisnotcommunicatingwithitsassignedsiteinthe
ConfigurationManagerhierarchyandthereforecannotreceivepolicyoruploadinventory
data.
unmanagedcode(n)~Codethatisexecuteddirectlybytheoperatingsystem,outsidethe
.NETFrameworkcommonlanguageruntime.Unmanagedcodemustprovideitsown
memorymanagement,typechecking,andsecuritysupport,unlikemanagedcode,which
receivestheseservicesfromthecommonlanguageruntime.
unmanagedfunction(PN)~Afunctionthatiscompiledtomachinecode(suchasx86or
x64)asopposedtointermediatelanguage(IL).
unmanagedinstance(n)~AninstanceofSQLServernotmonitoredbyautilitycontrol
point.
unmarshal(v)~Todeserializeoneormoredatastructuresfromanoctetstreamusinga
specifictransfersyntax(forexample,unmarshalinga32-bitinteger).
unmarshaling(n)~InOLE,theprocessofunpackingparametersthathavebeensent
acrossprocessboundaries.
Unmute(PN)~AbuttononAudioControlsthatturnsoffmuteontheuser’sphone.
Unmute(PN)~Anoptionthatallowstheusertoreactivatethedevice’smicrophone
duringacallsothatsoundistransmittedtoothercallparticipants.
unmute(v)~Toenableon-screenandsoundnotification.
UnmuteMicrophone(PN)~AbuttononAudioControlsthatturnsoffmuteontheuser’s
microphone.
UnmuteSpeakers(PN)~AbuttononAudioControlsthatturnsoffmuteontheuser’s
speakers.
UNN(PN)~Anidentifyingnumberrequiredtoperformpaymenttransactionsfrom
Belarusindividualsorcompanies.
unpair(v)~ToremoveaBluetoothlinkorconnectionbetweentwoBluetooth-€“enabled
devices.
unpark(v)~Toreopenacoreprocessorthathadbeenparkedforpowersavingpurpose.
unpin(v)~Toremoveanitem,suchasatile,library,movie,game,orapp,fromagiven
areaoftheUI,tomakeitinaccessibleinthatarea(e.g.tomakealibrarynon-visibleinthe
navigationpane).
unpivot(v)~Toexpandvaluesfrommultiplecolumnsinasinglerecordintomultiple
recordswiththesamevaluesinasinglecolumn.
unplumb(v)~Todestroyanystreamslinkedwithaphysicalorlogicalinterfaceandclose
therelateddevice.
unpostedtransaction(n)~Atransactionthathasbeenenteredintothefinancialdata,but
thathasnotyetbeenposted.
unprotect(v)~Toremoveaccessrestrictionsorpermissionsforafileorspecificelements
withinafile.
unprotectedsolution(n)~Asolutionthatisopen’andthatcanbemodifiedbyanybody
withtherequiredprivileges.‘
unpublish(v)~Toremoveanitemfrompublicview.
unpublishedwork(n)~Betasoftwareorothermaterialsthatarenotreleasedtothe
generalpublic.
unrated(adj)~Arecordthathasnotreceivedarating.
UnreadChanges(PN)~Afeaturethathighlightsneworchangedcontentinashared
notebookthattheuserhasnotyetread.
unrealizedgain(n)~Theanticipatedincreaseinthevalueofanassetcalculatedasthe
differenceinthevalueoftheassetwhentwoeconomiceventsoccurandwhenthe
differenceisrecognizedontheoccurrenceofthesecondeventasananticipatedincrease
inwealth.
unrealizedloss(n)~Theanticipateddecreaseinthevalueofanassetcalculatedasthe
differenceinthevalueoftheassetwhentwoeconomiceventsoccurandwhenthe
differenceisrecognizedontheoccurrenceofthesecondeventasananticipatedreduction
inwealth.
unrealizedsalesVAT(n)~Thecalculatedvalue-addedtax(VAT)amountthatisnotdue
untiltheinvoiceispaid.ThisamountispostedtoanunrealizedsalesVATaccountandcan
beclaimedonlyafterareceiptortaxinvoiceisprinted.
unrealizedVAT(n)~Thecalculatedvalue-addedtax(VAT)amountthatisnotdueuntil
theinvoiceispaid.ThisamountispostedtoanunrealizedpurchaseVATaccountandcan
beclaimedonlyafterthereceiptofareceipt/taxinvoiceorataxinvoice.
unrecognizedmediapool(n)~Arepositoryofblankmediaandmediathatarenot
recognizedbyRemovableStorage.
unrecognizedtape(n)~AtapethatcontainscontentthatwasnotcreatedbyDPM.
unrestrictedmode(n)~Astatethatdoesnotapplyaspecificsetofrestrictionsto
JavaScriptcode.
unsafecharacter(n)~AcharacterinaURLthatmaybealteredduringtransportacross
theInternet.
unsafecode(n)~Codethatisexecuteddirectlybytheoperatingsystem,outsidethe.NET
Frameworkcommonlanguageruntime.Unmanagedcodemustprovideitsownmemory
management,typechecking,andsecuritysupport,unlikemanagedcode,whichreceives
theseservicesfromthecommonlanguageruntime.
unscheduledconference(n)~Aconferencethatiscreatedontheflybyinvitingmultiple
userstoaneworongoingIMsession.
unseal(n)~ForBitLockerDriveEncryption,theprocessthataTrustedPlatformModule
(TPM)usestodecryptdatainasealedbinarylargeobject(BLOB)torevealtheoriginal
secret.
unsearchableitem(n)~Anitemthatcan’tbeindexedforamailboxsearchusingMulti-
MailboxSearch.Thisincludesunrecognizedmessagetypesandmessagesthatcontain
attachmentsthatareencryptedorhaveanunrecognizedformat.
Unselectwithoutsub-labels(v)~Anoptionthatdeselectsaparentlabelwithdeselected
children.
unshare(v)~Tomakeresources,suchasfolders,printers,records,etc.,unavailableto
others.
unshelve(v)~Torestoreindividualfilerevisionsfromashelvesettoyourworkspace.
un-sign(v)~Toremovethedigitalsignatureaddedtothedocument.
unsigneddriver(n)~Adriverthatisnotsupportedandthatisnotcertifiedtoworkwitha
particularversionofWindows.
unsignedinteger(n)~Adatatypethatcanonlyholdawholenumberwithavaluegreater
than,orequalto,zero.Inthisimplementation,themaximumvaluethatanunsigned
integercanholdis0xFFFFFFFF(4,294,967,295).
unsolicitedcommerciale-mail(n)~Anunsolicitedandtypicallyunwelcomemessage,
oftencommercialorpoliticalinnature,transmittedviatheInternetasamassmailing
(sometimesasiffromafictitioususerordomain)toalargenumberofrecipients.
unsolicitedvendor(n)~Avendorthatappliestosupplyproductstooneormorelegal
entitieswithoutrespondingtoaformalorinformalrequest.
unstack(v)~Toremovethestackedviewofwindows.
unstack(v)~Toremovethestack’associationfromagroupofsimilarphotosthathave
beenstackedtogetherinthePhotosapp.’
unstructuredparallelism(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,parallelcodethatcanstartin
onecontextandfinishinadifferentcontext.Forexample,asetoftasksinataskgroup
canstartinonecontext,andthenfinishinadifferentcontext.
unsubscribe(v)~Inanewsreaderclientprogram,toremoveanewsgroupfromthelistof
newsgroupstowhichuploadonesubscribes.
unsupportedfeature(n)~AfeaturethatisinactiveinOfficeWebApps,butthatis
presentwhenthecontentisopenedintherichclient.
unswizzle(v)~Toreconstructasurfacetogiveanapplicationaccesstothecontentofthe
surface.
UNTDED(n)~ThedictionaryofallelementsusedwithintheEDIFACTstandard.
UnterhaltungssoftwareSelbstkontrolle(n)~Anindependentself-regulatoryagency
whichappliesandenforcesinteractivegameratingsinGermany.
untypedadapter(n)~Anadapterthatacceptsoremitsmultipleeventtypesinwhichthe
payloadstructureorthetypeoffieldsinthepayloadarenotknowninadvance.Examples
areeventsfromaCSVortextfile,aSQLtable,orasocket.
unwantedsoftware(n)~Asoftwarethatwasinstalledonthesystemwithoutuser’s
consent.
UOC(n)~AdatadrivenUIthattakestwoinputs:theOVCdescribinghowtorenderthe
UIfortheobjecttobeedited/created,andtheresourceobjectwhichisbeing
edited/created.
upvector(n)~Avectorthatidentifieswhichdirectionis-€œup-€?foracamera.
upcast(n)~Anexpressionthatmodifiesanobjecttypeintothetypeofabaseclass.
update(n)~Abroadlyreleasedfixforaspecificproblemaddressinganoncritical,non-
security-relatedbug.
update(v)~Tochangeasystemoradatafiletomakeitmorecurrent.
update(v)~Tochangeanexistingrowofdatainthedatastoreortotransmitpending
changestothedatastore.
update(n)~Theprocessofscanningcontenttocompileandmaintainanindex.
update(v)~Todeployanewversionofahostedservicetoreplaceanexistingdeployed
version.Therearetwooptionsforupdate:updatein-placeorswapvirtualIP.Bothofthese
updatetheservicewhileitisrunningandwithoutrequiringthedeploymenttobedeleted
andredeployed.
UpdateAdvisor(PN)~Amobileappthat-helpscustomersresolvespaceissuesontheir
phoneswheninstallinganewupdate,by-movingappsandfilestoanSDcardor
OneDrive,-ordeletingthem.
updatebar(n)~AcontrolthatappearsinthePageInspectorintegratedbrowserwhen
changeshavebeenmadetoafileinawebapplication.Itpromptstheusertoupdatethe
viewofthewebapplicationinthePageInspectorbrowserbyeitherpressing
CTRL+ALT+ENTER,orbyclickingtheupdatebarwiththemouse.
Updatecentral(PN)~Theprimarylandingpageforinformationaboutinstalling
operatingsystemupdatesonaWindowsPhone.
UpdateCompatibilityEvaluator(PN)~AWindowsserviceabilitytoolusedtohelp
prioritizethetestingofapplicationswhenevaluatinganewWindowsupdate.
updatecompliance(n)~Atypeofinteractivereportingthatinformsifasoftwareand
hardwareinventoryisinadherencewithupdaterequirements.
updatedomain(n)~Agroupingofroleinstancesinacloudservicethatallowsin-place
updatestooccurwithoutimpactingserviceavailability.Whenyouupdateacloudservice,
MicrosoftAzureupdatesitoneupdatedomainatatime,stoppingtheinstancesrunning
withinoneoftheupdatedomains,updatingtheinstances,startingthembackup,andthen
movingontothenextupdatedomain.Inthisway,atleastoneupdatedomainstays
runningwhileanotheronegetsupdated.
updategroup(n)~Acollectionofmanagedpropertiesthatareupdatedtogetherinthe
searchindex.
updatelist(n)~Alistthatincludesthenameofthepersonwhooriginallysentatask
requestplusthenamesofeveryonewhoreceivedthetaskrequest,reassignedthetaskto
someoneelse,orchosetokeepanupdatedcopyofthetaskintheirtasklist.
updatelock(n)~Alockplacedonresources(suchasrow,page,table)thatcanbe
updated.
updatemanagement(n)~Afeaturethatenablesadministratorstoview,download,and
deploysoftwareupdatesrequiredbyoperatingsystemsandothersoftwareonmanaged
computers.
UpdateManagementConfigurationWizard(PN)~Awizardthatguidestheuser
throughconfiguringtheupdatemanagementfeatureandthendownloadinginformation
aboutcurrentupdatesfromMicrosoftUpdatesotheusercanstartdeployingupdatesto
managedcomputers.
updatepackage(n)~Abroadlyreleasedfixforaspecificproblemaddressinga
noncritical,non-security-relatedbug.
updateprofile(n)~Information,includingchangestothesystemstate,thatdescribesa
softwareupdate.
updatequery(n)~Anactionquerythatchangesasetofrecordsaccordingtocriteriayou
specify.Anupdatequerydoesnotreturnanyrecords.
updaterequest(n)~Arequesttochangetheattributesofanobject.
updaterollup(n)~Atested,cumulativesetofhotfixes,securityupdates,criticalupdates,
andupdatespackagedtogetherforeasydeployment.Arollupgenerallytargetsaspecific
area,suchassecurity,orcomponentofaproduct,suchasMicrosoftInternetInformation
Services(IIS).
updatesequencenumber(n)~InActiveDirectoryreplication,a64-bitcounterthatis
maintainedbyeachActiveDirectorydomaincontroller.Atthestartofeachupdate
transaction(originatingorreplicated)onadomaincontroller,thedomaincontroller
incrementsitscurrentUSNandassociatesthisnewvaluewiththeupdaterequest.
updatestatistics(n)~Aprocessthatrecalculatesinformationaboutthedistributionofkey
valuesinspecifiedindexes.
updated(PN)~Theheadingforinformationaboutthetimeatwhichsomethingwas
added,changed,orre-posted.
Updatesworkspace(n)~AworkspaceinWindowsIntunethatallowsyoutomanage
softwareupdates.
UpdatingRun(PN)~Theend-to-endprocessfeaturebywhichCluster-AwareUpdating
takeseachnodeofafailoverclusteroffline,appliesasetofsoftwareupdates,performsa
restartifnecessary,bringsthenodebackonline,andmovesontothenextnode,untilall
nodeshavebeenupdated.
updatingrun(n)~AprocessthatisexecutedbytheUpdatingRunfeature.
up-downbars(n)~Inlinechartswithmultipledataseries,barsthatindicatethe
differencebetweendatapointsinthefirstandlastseries.
upgradedomain(n)~AgroupinwhichVirtualMachineManagerautomaticallyplaces
instancesofatierofaservicesothatwhentheserviceisupdated,thoseinstanceswillbe
updatedatthesametime.
UpgradePre-Scantool(PN)~Apre-upgradescantoolthatscanstheuser’ssitesand
reportsissues,allowingtheusertofixanyerrorsbeforeperforminganupgradetoOffice
SharePointServer2007orWindowsSharePointServices3.0.
upgradewithmaintenance(n)~Thetypeofvolumelicenseagreementthatgrantsthe
newversionrightstothelicensedproductfamilythroughoutthetermofthecustomer’s
volumelicenseagreement.
UPHClean(PN)~Aservicethathelpstoensureusersessionsarecompletelyterminated
whenauserlogsoff.
UPID(n)~A21-characteridentifierusedtoidentifycomputersenabledbyFlexGo
technologyproductmodelsandlocalesforaspecificsolutionprovider.
uplink(n)~Thetransmissionlinkfromacomputertoanetworkeddevice,suchasa
WindowsMediaCenterExtenderorXbox.
up-link/uplink~Atermusedinsatellitecommunicationstodescribetheearthstation
andthetransmittedsignaltoacommunicationssatellite.
uplinklicense(n)~Oneofseveralelementsinalicensechainwhichcontainscontent
keysthatareusedtoencryptanddecryptcontentthatistransmittedfromacomputertoa
networkeddevice.
upload(v)~Totransferacopyofafilefromalocalcomputertoaremotecomputerby
meansofamodemornetwork.
upload(n)~Incommunications,theprocessoftransferringacopyofafilefromalocal
computertoaremotecomputerbymeansofamodemornetwork.
Upload~Totransferinformation(files)fromauserPCtoanetworkortheInternet.See
also-download.
UploadCenter(PN)~Acentralhubforviewingpendinguploadstohttpservers(mainly
SharePoint)andcorrectinguploaderrors.
UploadContent(PN)~ThemenuoptioninSwayunderthe-€œAddContent-€?button
thatallowsuserstouploadimages,Worddocuments,orPowerPointpresentationsfrom
theircomputerormobiledeviceintotheirSway.
UploadVideos(PN)~Thebuttonthatallowsausertouploadavideotoaspecific
channelwithintheOffice365Video.
UPM(n)~AcomponentoftheLocalProvisioningSystem(LPS)thatmanagesthe
provisioningofthecomputerfromwithintheoperatingsystemorsoftware.
UPN(n)~Auseraccountname(sometimesreferredtoastheuserlogonname)anda
domainnameidentifyingthedomaininwhichtheuseraccountislocated.Thisisthe
standardusageforloggingontoaWindowsdomain.Theformatis:[email protected](as
forane-mailaddress).
UPnPtechnology(n)~Atechnologythatallowsdevicessuchaspersonalcomputers,
peripherals,intelligentappliances,andwirelessdevicestoconnecttoanetworkandto
communicatewitheachother.
UpperProvisioningModule(n)~AcomponentoftheLocalProvisioningSystem(LPS)
thatmanagestheprovisioningofthecomputerfromwithintheoperatingsystemor
software.
uppercase(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacterizedbycapitalletters.
uppercaseletter(n)~Insomelanguages,adistinct,andusuallylarger,formofaletter.
Maybeusedinword-initialpositionincertaincases,orforemphasis.
upper-left(adj)~Pertainingtothelocationofsomethingthatishigherinplaceandonthe
leftsiderelativetosomethingelse.
upper-right(adj)~Pertainingtothelocationofsomethingthatishigherinplaceandon
therightsiderelativetosomethingelse.
UPS(n)~Adevice,connectedbetweenacomputer(orotherelectronicequipment)anda
powersource(usuallyanoutletreceptacle),thatensuresthatelectricalflowtothe
computerisnotinterruptedbecauseofablackoutand,inmostcases,protectsthe
computeragainstpotentiallydamagingevents,suchaspowersurgesandbrownouts.
UPSservice(n)~Aservicethatmanagesanuninterruptiblepowersupply(UPS)
connectedtoacomputer.
UPSzone(n)~AgeographicaldivisionusedbytheU.S.-basedcarrier,UPS,todetermine
shippingtimeandcosts.
upsert(oth)~Atermadoptedbysomedatabaseimplementationsthatappliestoadatabase
statement,orcombinationofstatements,thatinsertsarecordtoatableinadatabaseifthe
recorddoesn’texistor,iftherecordalreadyexists,updatestheexistingrecord.
upstream(Adverb)~Pertainingtothedirectioninwhichthesignalflowissentfromthe
subscriber(orfront-end),towardsthehead-endstation(orcentraloffice)onanetwork.
upvote(n)~Anactiontoexpressthatyouagreewithsimilarfeedbacksentbysomeone
else.Ratherthanresubmitthesamefeedback,youcantapUpvote
upvote(v)~Toagreewithsimilarfeedbacksentbysomeoneelse.Ratherthanresubmit
thesamefeedback,youcantapUpvote
UpwardArrow(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionorstepsthat
trendupwardinatask,process,orworkflow.EachofthefirstfivelinesofLevel1text
correspondstoapointonthearrow.Worksbestwithminimaltext.Unusedtextdoesnot
appear,butremainsavailableifyouswitchlayouts.
UPWARDSANCORA(n)~AUNICODEcharacter;supplementalpunctutation.
Urgentinterruptionsonly(PN)~PertainingtoauserwhosetstheirstatustoDoNot
Disturb.Fortheuser’scontactswhohaveaWorkgroupprivacyrelationship,theuseris
displayedwiththeBusyiconandUrgentinterruptionsonlytext.
URI(n)~Acharacterstringusedtoidentifyaresource(suchasafile)fromanywhereon
theInternetbytypeandlocation.ThesetofUniformResourceIdentifiersincludesboth
UniformResourceNames(URNs)andUniformResourceLocators(URLs).
URL(n)~AnaddressthatuniquelyidentifiesalocationontheInternet.AURLisusually
precededbyhttp://,asinhttp://www.microsoft.com.AURLcancontainmoredetail,such
asthenameofapageofhypertext,oftenwiththefilenameextension.htmlor.htm.
URL~(UniversalResourceLocator)-Anaddressusedtolocatesomethingonthe
internet,mostoftenawebpage.AllwebaddressesareURLs.
URLmapping(n)~TheprocessofassociatingaUniformResourceLocator(URL)witha
physicaldirectory.
URLPattern(PN)~AfieldinwhichtheusercanenterintranetURLstocreateWork
URLexceptions.
URLRewriteModuleforIIS7(PN)~AmodulethatdynamicallyaltersInternetclient
requeststhatarebasedonrulesthatspecifyhowaURLshouldbemodifiedbeforeitis
processed.Forexample,Internetclientswillseerequeststhatlooklike
http://www.example.com/catalog/product/123/,whicharedynamicallyrewrittentothe
actualaddressofhttp://www.example.com/catalog.aspx?product=123.
URLsmashing(n)~Theprocessofmatchingasearchstring(withspacesremoved)
againstURLaddressestoreturnthemostrelevantresult.
URLtemplate(n)~AURL-basedconnectionstringthatisusedtoqueryawebserverfor
searchresults.
URLScan3.1(PN)~AsecuritytoolthatrestrictsthetypesofHTTPrequeststhatInternet
InformationServices(IIS)6.0willprocess.UrlScanscreensallincomingrequeststothe
serverbyfilteringtherequestsbasedonrulesthataresetbytheadministrator.
URN(n)~Aschemeforuniquelyidentifyingresourcesthatmaybeavailableonthe
Internetbyname,withoutregardtowheretheyarelocated.
URT(n)~Acircuitwhichisusedforsynchronous,asynchronous,orcombined
synchronous/asynchronouscommunications,andwhichcontainsaserial-to-parallel
converterfordatatransmittedoutofthecomputerandaparallel-to-serialconverterfor
datacomingin.
USCentral(PN)~TheCentralUSregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
USEast(PN)~TheEasternUSregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
USEast2(PN)~ThesecondEasternUSregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
USGovernmentAzureSponsorship(n)~Asponsoredoffer(atypeofsubscription
purchasedbycustomers)targetedtoUSGovernmentcustomersinterestedintryingout
Azureservices.
USGovernmentPro-DirectSupport(PN)~Asupportoffer(atypeofsubscription
purchasedbycustomers)targetedtoUSGovernmentcustomers.
USGovernmentStandardSupport(PN)~Asupportoffer(atypeofsubscription
purchasedbycustomers)targetedtoUSGovernmentcustomers.
USNorthCentral(PN)~TheNorthCentralUSregionwithintheAzureregion
taxonomy.
USSouthCentral(PN)~TheNorthCentralUSregionwithintheAzureregion
taxonomy.
USunit(n)~AunitusedintheUnitedStates’measurementsystem,suchasinches,feet,
yards,andmiles.
USWest(PN)~TheWesternUSregionwithintheAzureregiontaxonomy.
usage(n)~Thenumberofunitsordollarsofaninventoryitemconsumedoveraperiodof
time.
usageanalysis(n)~AfeaturethatenablesdatacollectiontoevaluatehowWebsiteson
yourserverarebeingused.
UsageandHealthDataCollection(PN)~AfeaturethatcollectsandlogsSharePoint
healthindicatorsandusagemetricsforanalysisandreportingpurposes.
usagedata(n)~Informationthatanadministratorcanusetolearnhowotherpeople
accessanduseasite.Byanalyzingthisdata,anadministratorcanidentifyasite’smost
popular(orunpopular)areasandclarifythemostcommonnavigationalpathsthroughthe
site.
usagedependency(n)~Akindofdependencythatindicatesthatoneelementrequiresthe
presenceofanotherelementforitscorrectimplementationorfunctioning.
usageevent(n)~Auseractionthatiscountedandanalyzedbytherecommendations
algorithmintheAnalyticsService.
usageexpirationdate(n)~Thedateandtimeatwhichapurchasedblockofunlimited
computerusagetimeterminates.
usagekeyword(n)~Akeywordthatisusedtodeterminewhichsearchscopesareshown
foraspecificpageintheportalUI.EachlistviewpageintheUIspecifieszeroormore
usagekeywords,andtheUIforthatpagewillincludeallsearchscopesthatcontain
matchingkeywords.
usagescenario(n)~Adescriptionofthetasksthatusersperformtoaccomplishtheir
work.
usagetime(n)~Anamountoftimethatisusedtowardcomputerorsoftwareaccess.
usagetype(n)~InExchangeServer2007,thetypeofconnectorthatisdeterminedbythe
intendeduseoftheconnector.Theusagetypedeterminesthedefaultsettingsforthe
connector.ThisincludestheSIDsthatareauthenticated,thepermissionsthatareassigned
tothoseSIDs,andtheauthenticationmechanism.
USB(n)~AnexternalbusthatsupportsPlugandPlayinstallation,whichenablesyouto
connectanddisconnectdeviceswithoutshuttingdownorrestartingyourcomputer.
USB~(UniversalSerialBus)-Astandardtypeofconnectionport,usedtoattachextra
devicessuchasascannertoacomputer.StandardonnewPCsfromaround1998.USB2.0
and3.0arefasterversionsofthesamething.ManyPCsnowuseUSBtoconnectthe
mouseandkeyboard.
USBdrive(n)~Asmalldeviceusedtostoreinformation.USBflashdrivespluginto
computerUSBportssoyoucancopyinformationtoorfromthem,makingiteasytoshare
andtransportinformation.
USBport(n)~Anarrow,rectangularconnectionpointonacomputerorotherdevice
(suchasakeyboard)whereyoucanconnectauniversalserialbus(USB)device.
USBlyzer~AsoftwareUSBProtocolAnalyzerforWindowsthatdisplaysUSB
DescriptorsandcapturesandanalyzestheactivityofUSBdevicesinrealtime.
USD(PN)~TheofficialcurrencyoftheUnitedStates.
USD(PN)~Anoutofthebox(OOB)solutionwhereadminscansetupandconfigurethe
applicationsthatacustomerserviceagentneedseasilyandquickly.
usecase(n)~Acollectionofscenarioswhichmakeupabehaviorallyrelatedsequenceof
interactionsthatauserperformsinadialogwithasystem.
usecase(n)~Inausecasediagram,arepresentationofasetofeventsthatoccurswhenan
actorusesasystemtocompleteaprocess.Normally,ausecaseisarelativelylarge
process,notanindividualsteportransaction.
usecasediagram(n)~Adiagramthatshowstheexternalactorswhowillinteractwith
yoursystemandhowtheywilluseit.Thediagramconsistsofasystemboundary,actors,
usecases,andusecaserelationships(communicates,uses,andextends).
uselicense(n)~Thelicensethatenablesenduserstoconsumeprotectedcontent.
UseofAlcohol(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
UseofDrugs(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
UseofTobacco(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftware
RatingBoard(ESRB).
UseRights(PN)~Adocumentthatspecifiesthetermsandconditionsapplicabletothe
useofproductslicensedunderMicrosoftVolumeLicensingPrograms.
usestrictdirective(n)~AJavaScriptsyntacticunitthatspecifiesthatthecodeinthe
blocktowhichitappliesmustobeycertainrestrictions.
usetax(n)~AnexcisetaxleviedonproductsintheUnitedStateswhereasalestaxisnot
levied.
Usenet(n)~AworldwidenetworkofUNIXsystemsthathasadecentralized
administrationandisusedasabulletinboardsystembyspecial-interestdiscussiongroups.
Usenet,whichisconsideredpartoftheInternet(althoughUsenetpredatesit),iscomprised
ofthousandsofnewsgroups,eachdevotedtoaparticulartopic.Userscanpostmessages
andreadmessagesfromothersinthesenewsgroupsinamannersimilartousersondial-in
BBSs.UsenetwasoriginallyimplementedusingUUCP(UNIX-to-UNIXCopy)software
andtelephoneconnections;thatmethodremainsimportant,althoughmoremodern
methods,suchasNNTPandnetworkconnections,aremorecommonlyused.
Usenet~Anenormouscollectionofpublic-newsgroups-onthe-Internet,wellover
25,000atlastcount,whichallowuserstopostmessagesdiscussingparticularissues.Now
largelyreplacedbyinternetforums,whcihareeasiertopoliceagainstmassivespamming.
user(n)~Apersonwhousesacomputerordevice.
UserAccessLogging(PN)~Aloggingfeaturethatgathersuniqueclientrecordsand
eventsforlaterretrievalbyanadministratorusingWMIorPowerShell.
useraccount(n)~InActiveDirectory,anobjectthatconsistsofalltheinformationthat
definesadomainuser,whichincludesusername,password,andgroupsinwhichtheuser
accounthasmembership.UseraccountscanbestoredineitherActiveDirectoryoron
yourlocalcomputer.
UserAccountControl(n)~Asecurityfeaturethathelpspreventunauthorizedchangesto
acomputer,byaskinguserforpermissionoradministratorcredentialsbeforeperforming
actionsthatcouldpotentiallyaffectthecomputer’soperationorthatchangesettingsthat
affectmultipleusers.
UserAccountControlCompatibilityEvaluator(PN)~Acompatibilityevaluatorused
toidentifypotentialcompatibilityissuesduetopermissionrestrictionsenforcedbyUser
AccountControl(UAC),formerlyknownasLimitedUserAccount(LUA).
useradministratorrole(n)~AnadministrativeroleforPerformancePointServerthat
allowsmemberstoassignuserstoandremoveusersfromanyadministrative
PerformancePointServerrolewithintheirscope(applicationormodelsite),withthe
exceptionoftheglobaladministratorrole,adduserstoorremoveusersfromuser-created
businessroleswithintheirscope(applicationormodel-site),adduserstoorremoveusers
fromthePerformancePointServersystem.UserAdministratormemberscannotcreateor
deletebusinessroles.
useragent(n)~Aprogramthathelpsaclientconnectwithaserver.
useragentstring(n)~Astringthatidentifiesauser’swebbrowserandprovidesdetails
abouttheuser’scomputersystemtowebservershostingthewebsitesthattheuservisits.
UserBehaviorAnalyzer(PN)~PartoftheWebAnalyticsSharedServicethatanalyzes
userbehaviordataloggedbytheserverwhenauservisitsaWebsite.
UserBreakdownStructure(n)~Thestructurethatdescribesanorganization’shierarchy.
TheRBScodedefinesthehierarchicalpositionthataresourceholdsintheorganization.
usercontrol(n)~Abasecontrolthatprovidesawaytocreateareusablecustomcontrol
withouthavingtocreateanewcontrolclass.
usercredentials(n)~Information,suchasusernameandpassword,foraparticularuser
oraccountforgainingaccesstoaresource.
userdatabase(n)~AdatabasecreatedbyaSQLServeruserandusedtostoreapplication
data.
UserDatagramProtocol(n)~AconnectionlesstransportprotocolintheTCP/IPprotocol
stackthatisusedincaseswheresomepacketlossisacceptable,forexample,withdigital
mediastreams.
userdeviceaffinity(n)~Theabilitytodefinearelationshipbetweenausertoadeviceto
simplifydeployment.
userdictionary(n)~Acustomizabledictionaryforeachuserthatisemptybydefault.
Userscanaddtypedorhandwrittenwordstoandremovethemfromtheuserdictionary.
Userdimension(n)~Apredefineddimensionthatmaintainsuser-relatedinformationsuch
asprocessschedulingreviewerandapproverhierarchies,andsecurityroles.
userexception(n)~Anexceptionthatoccurswhileexecutinganormalapplication(in
Word,Excel,etc)
userexperience(n)~User’sperceptionabouttheutilityusabilityanddesirabilityofa
productastheyintegrateitintotheirlivesandtheirfamilysystem.Theuserexperience
willbethedifferentiatorthatdrivesadoptionanduseofhardwaresoftwareandservices.
userfeed(n)~Thedataflowpublishedbyauserorbyothersonthisperson’sudatearea
andthatthisusermightsee.
userformtemplate(n)~Abrowser-enabledformtemplatethathasbeenpublishedfrom
InfoPath,andthatdoesnotneedtobeuploadedbyanadministratortoaserverrunning
InfoPathFormsServices.
userfunction(n)~Agroupingofthetasksacertainemployeeneedstoperformwhen
participatinginaspecificbusinessprocess.
usergroup(n)~Acollectionofusersthathavebeenassignedidenticalaccess
permissions.
usericon(n)~TheiconorpictureassociatedwithaparticularuseraccountinWindows.
userID(n)~Analphanumericidentificationusedtoidentifyaparticularuser.
useridentifier(n)~Analphanumericidentificationusedtoidentifyaparticularuser.
useridentity(n)~Identityassignedtoauserduringauthentication.Forexample,theuser
identityofanonymoususerswouldbethedefaultiusr’account.‘
UserImport(n)~Provisioningofusersfromahumanresourcemanagementsysteminto
adirectory
userinstance(n)~AninstanceofSQLServerExpressthatisgeneratedbytheparent
instanceonbehalfofauser.
userinterface(n)~Theportionofaprogramwithwhichauserinteracts.
UserInterface(PN)~AnAPIforuserinterface.
Userinterface~Aprogram’scontrols,withwhichtheuser‘interfaces’withtheprogram.
UserInterfaceIntegration(PN)~ThebasecomponentsthatareincludedintheCRM
SDKthatyoucanusetobuildapplicationsforcustomercare.
userinterfacelanguage(n)~Thelanguageinwhichallsoftware(includingtheoperating
system)displaysitsmenus,helpfiles,errormessages,anddialogboxes.
UserInterfacePrivilegeIsolation(PN)~Awindowmanagersubsystemthatblocks
applicationsatalowerUIprivilegelevelfromsendingmessagestoorhookingthreads
belongingtoprocesseswithahigherUIprivilegelevel.
userinterfaceprivilegelevel(n)~Theintegritylevelthatisstoredintheaccesstokenof
aprocessandthatisusedbytheUIPrivilegeIsolation(UIPI)featuretodetermineifan
applicationorprocessispermittedtosendWindowsmessagestoanotherapplicationor
process.
userinterfacevirtualization(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundationandSilverlight,a
techniquebywhichasubsetofUIelementsaregeneratedfromalargernumberofdata
itemsbasedonwhichitemsarevisibleonthescreen.Virtualizationisaperformance
enhancement,becauseitisintensive,bothintermsofmemoryandprocessor,togeneratea
largenumberofUIelementswhenonlyafewmaybeonthescreenatagiventime.
userisolation(n)~Amethod,usingusernames,forseparatingandisolatingcontentareas
withinanFTPsite.Thisistoensurethatusersdon’taccessFTPdirectoriesofoneanother.
UserLocal(PN)~ThebehaviorpropertyofaDateandTimeattributewherefieldvalues
aredisplayedintheuser’slocaltime.
userlocale(n)~Theuserpreferencesfortheformattingofdates,currencies,numbers,and
soon.Theuserlocaleisaper-usersetting,anddoesnotrequiretheusertorestartortolog
onorlogoffthecomputer.
usermanagementadministrator(n)~AMicrosoftOnlineServicesadministratorwho
managesuseraccounts,groups,andpasswordresets,managessupporttickets,and
monitorsserviceshealth.
UserManager(PN)~ApartofMicrosoftCRMDeploymentManager.Itsprimary
functionistocreatemultipleMicrosoftCRMuseraccountsinspecificgroups,suchas
salespeopleinspecificdepartmentsorregionaldivisions.
usermigration(n)~Theprocessofmovinguserdetails,mailfolders,andActive
DirectorydatatoahostedMicrosoftExchangeServerenvironment.
usermode(n)~Thenonprivilegedprocessormodeinwhichapplicationcode,including
protectedsubsystemcode,executes.User-modeapplicationscannotgainaccesstosystem
dataexceptbycallingsubsystem-suppliedfunctions,which,inturn,callsystemservices.
usermode(n)~ThemodeoftheSurfaceunitwhentheSurfaceShellandapplicationscan
run.Inthismode,theWindowsuserinterfaceandfunctionalityaresuppressed.
usermodeaccount(n)~Theuseraccountthatthesoftwareusestologonusermode.
usermodeexception(n)~Anexceptionthatoccurswhileexecutinganormalapplication
(inWord,Excel,etc)
username(n)~Auniquenamethatidentifiesauseraccounttooperatingsystem.An
account’susernamemustbeuniqueamongtheothergroupnamesandusernameswithin
itsowndomainorworkgroup.
username(n)~Auniqueidentifyingstringforaspecificdatabaseuser.
UserNameMapping(n)~AservicethatmapsUNIXuserandgroupaccountstotheir
WindowsequivalentsandthaththeNFSservicescanuseforfilesystemaccesscontrollist
(ACL)mapping.
UserNetwork(n)~AworldwidenetworkofUNIXsystemsthathasadecentralized
administrationandisusedasabulletinboardsystembyspecial-interestdiscussiongroups.
Usenet,whichisconsideredpartoftheInternet(althoughUsenetpredatesit),iscomprised
ofthousandsofnewsgroups,eachdevotedtoaparticulartopic.Userscanpostmessages
andreadmessagesfromothersinthesenewsgroupsinamannersimilartousersondial-in
BBSs.UsenetwasoriginallyimplementedusingUUCP(UNIX-to-UNIXCopy)software
andtelephoneconnections;thatmethodremainsimportant,althoughmoremodern
methods,suchasNNTPandnetworkconnections,aremorecommonlyused.
usernotification(n)~Anotificationthatanapplicationsendstoinformusersabout
importantinformationwhiletheapplicationisrunning.
userobject(n)~AnobjectfromWindowManager,whichincludeswindows,menus,
cursors,icons,hooks,accelerators,monitors,keyboardlayouts,andotherinternalobjects.
UserscanconfigureTaskManagertodisplaythenumberofUSERobjectscurrentlybeing
usedbyaprocess.
userobject(n)~AnobjectinActiveDirectorythatcontainsinformationabouttheuser,
includinguserlogonname,firstname,lastname,displayname,andtelephonenumber.
userpassword(oth)~Thepasswordstoredineachuser’saccount.Eachusergenerally
hasauniqueuserpasswordandmusttypethatpasswordwhenloggingonoraccessinga
server.
userprincipalname(n)~Auseraccountname(sometimesreferredtoastheuserlogon
name)andadomainnameidentifyingthedomaininwhichtheuseraccountislocated.
ThisisthestandardusageforloggingontoaWindowsdomain.Theformatis:
[email protected](asforane-mailaddress).
userprincipalnamesuffix(n)~Thepartoftheuserprincipalname(UPN)totherightof
the@character.ThedefaultUPNsuffixforauseraccountistheDNSdomainnameof
thedomainthatcontainstheuseraccount.AlternativeUPNsuffixesmaybeaddedto
simplifyadministrationanduserlogonprocessesbyprovidingasingleUPNsuffixforall
users.TheUPNsuffixisonlyusedwithintheActiveDirectoryforest,anditisnot
requiredtobeavalidDNSdomainname.
userprofile(n)~Afilethatcontainsconfigurationinformationforaspecificuser,suchas
desktopsettings,persistentnetworkconnections,andapplicationsettings.
userprofile(n)~Adescriptionoftheeventualusersofthesolutionintermsofgeography,
organizationalandcommunicationstructures,userfunctions,resourceavailability,and
otherrelevantinformation.
Userprofile(n)~Aformthatholdspredefinedroles.Eachuserprofileconsistsof
predefinedQuickLinks,Alertrules,Favorites,andMetrics.Usersmustbeassignedtoa
profileinordertoaccessarespectiverolecenter.
userprofile(n)~Aprofilethatdefinesthesetofavailableactions,scopechoices,and
quotaoptionsavailabletoauserrole.ExamplesofprofilesareAppController
Administrator,CloudManager,andSelf-ServiceUser.
UserProfileHiveCleanupService(PN)~Aservicethathelpstoensureusersessionsare
completelyterminatedwhenauserlogsoff.
UserProfileservice(n)~AsharedserviceinMicrosoftSharePointServerthatenablesthe
creationandmanagementofuserprofilesthatcanbeaccessedfrommultiplesitesand
farms.
UserProvisioning(n)~Theassignmentofaccessprivilegesandsystemresourcesto
users,frequentlyautomatedtoreduceongoingsupportcostsandforcecompliancewith
securitypolicies.
userrights(n)~Tasksthatauserispermittedtoperformonacomputersystemor
domain.
userrole(n)~Acombinationofaprofileandascope.Aprofiledefinesactionsthatauser
isallowedtoperform.Ascopedefinestheobjectsonwhichtheactionscanbeperformed.
userrole(n)~Asetofpermissionstoobjectsinthedatabase.Userswhohavebeen
assignedtherolecanaccesstheseobjectswiththepermissionsspecifiedintherole.The
permissionsdeterminewhattheusercandowiththeobject-€“read,insert,modify,delete
orexecute.
userrole(n)~Amethodofgrantingpermissionstospecificusersforgroupsofdata.
Thesepermissionsarebasedonauserroleprofile.
userrole(n)~Auniquecombinationofmembers,scope,andquota.-Auserroleisbased
ononeandonlyoneprofile.
userroleprofile(n)~Asetofpermittedoperationsandclassesofdatathatusersneed
accesstosotheycanperformspecificjobduties.
UserSelfTrustCertificate(n)~Intheabsenceofacertificationauthority(CA)thatis
capableofissuingfileencryptioncertificates,acertificatethatisgeneratedanddigitally
signedbyapplicationsonbehalfoftheuser.
UserServices(PN)~Configurationsettingsthatareusedtohelpmaintainpresence
informationandmanageconferencing.
UserServicespool(PN)~Providespresenceinformationandhelpstomanage
preferences.
UserServicesservice(n)~ALyncServerservicethatisusedtohelpmaintainpresence
informationforusersandtomanagemeetingsandconferences.
UserSettings(PN)~AWindowsSteadyStatetoolusedforconfiguringshareduser
profiles.
UserSolutionPackaging(PN)~Anapproachthatpackagestogetherallcontent
deployabletoSharePoint—listtemplates,listinstance,sitetemplate,filesanddeclarative
workflows.
userstatecapture(n)~CapabilitytousedefaultsettingsandalgorithmsofWindows
EasyTransfertocaptureuserfilesandsettings.Thiscapabilityincludeslogictodetermine
additionalfiletypesthatmayhavebeencreatedormodifiedbyusers.Withoutdefault
logic,captureisbasedondefinedmanifestofwheretolookforandwhatfileformatsto
lookfor.
UserStateMigrationTool(PN)~ThetooldesignedtohelpITprofessionalsmigratefiles
andsettingstothenextversionoftheWindows-®operatingsystem.
userstory(n)~Ahigh-leveldescriptionofausergoalthathelpsyouestimatethework
neededtoachievethisgoal.Userstoriesarethefundamentalelementofplanningagile
projects.
usertype(n)~ADWORDthatspecifieshowdataisused.Ausertypeisassignedtoan
identifierinthemetabase.
user-basedpolicies(n)~Policiesthataredetailedenoughtobeappliedtodistribution
groups,securitygroups,andindividualusers.
user-controlledscheduling(n)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertospecifymanualor
automaticschedulingonaper-taskbasis.
user-definedaggregatefunction(n)~AnaggregatefunctioncreatedagainstaSQL
Serverassemblywhoseimplementationisdefinedinanassemblycreatedinthe.NET
Frameworkscommonlanguageruntime.
user-defineddimension(n)~Auser-createdanduser-modifiabledimensionthatisnot
assignedadimensiontypethatisrecognizedbyPerformancePointPlanningBusiness
Modeler.Nobuilt-inbehaviorisassociatedwithit.
user-definedfield(n)~Afieldthatyoucandefinetotrackinformationspecifictoyour
business.
user-definedfinancialdimensiontype(n)~Afinancialdimensionmappedtoauser-
definedlistofvalues.
user-definedmessage(n)~AnymessagethatisnotastandardWindowsmessage.
user-definedobject(n)~Acustomobjectdefinedbytheuser.
user-definedstyle(n)~Anewstyleoramodificationtoabuilt-instyle.User-defined
stylesalwayscontaincascadingstylesheetformattingattributes.
user-definedtype(n)~Auser-writtenextensiontothescalartypesysteminSQLServer.
user-definedtype(n)~Abasedatatypethatisexplicitlydefinedbyusingthepre-
compilertypedefdirective.
user-friendly(adj)~Easytolearnandeasytouse.
user-interfaceobject(n)~Anobjectthatprovidesfunctionalitytotheuser-interface.For
example,menuitems,toolbarbuttons,andacceleratorkeysarealluser-interfaceobjects.
user-interfacethread(n)~Athreadthathandlesuserinputandrespondstouserevents
independentlyofthreadsexecutingotherportionsoftheapplication.
user-levelsecurity(n)~Whenusinguser-levelsecurityinanAccessdatabase,adatabase
administratororanobject’sownercangrantindividualusersorgroupsofusersspecific
permissionstotables,queries,forms,reports,andmacros.
username(n)~Thenamebywhichauserisidentifiedtoacomputersystemornetwork.
Duringthelogonprocess,theusermustentertheusernameandthecorrectpassword.If
thesystemornetworkisconnectedtotheInternet,theusernamegenerallycorrespondsto
theleftmostpartoftheuser’se-mailaddress(theportionprecedingthe@sign,asin
username@company.com).
user-preferredinterfacelanguage(n)~Alanguageselectedbytheuserforviewing
menus,dialogboxes,messages,andHelpfiles.Ifnoneisselected,thesystem-preferred
languageisdisplayed.
Users(PN)~Theunitofmeasurerepresentingthenumberofusers.
Usersgroup(n)~Thegroupaccountthatcontainsalluseraccounts.Accessautomatically
addsuseraccountstotheUsersgroupwhenyoucreatethem.
User’sGuide(n)~Acomprehensive,printablereferenceforusingthedevice.
USMT(PN)~ThetooldesignedtohelpITprofessionalsmigratefilesandsettingstothe
nextversionoftheWindows-®operatingsystem.
USN(n)~InActiveDirectoryreplication,a64-bitcounterthatismaintainedbyeach
ActiveDirectorydomaincontroller.Atthestartofeachupdatetransaction(originatingor
replicated)onadomaincontroller,thedomaincontrollerincrementsitscurrentUSNand
associatesthisnewvaluewiththeupdaterequest.
UTC(oth)~Thestandardtimecommontoeveryplaceintheworld,coordinatedbythe
InternationalBureauofWeightsandMeasures.CoordinatedUniversalTimeisusedfor
thesynchronizationofcomputersontheInternet.
UTF-8(n)~AcharactersetforprotocolsevolvingbeyondtheuseofASCII.TheUTF-8
protocolprovidesforsupportofextendedASCIIcharactersandtranslationofUCS-2,an
international16-bitUnicodecharacterset.UTF-8enablesafargreaterrangeofnames
thancanbeachievedusingASCIIorextendedASCIIencodingforcharacterdata.
Utilities(PN)~TheDevelopertoolssubcategorycontainingappstohelpdeveloperscreate
apps.
Utilities&tools(PN)~AnappcategorytohelpyourPCormobiledeviceworkbetter.
utility(n)~Acomputerprogramthatperformsaspecificsupportfunctionrequiredbythe
operatingsystem,byotherprograms,orbysystemusers.
utilitycmdlet(n)~Acmdletthatactsagainstanyobjectratherthanonethatretrievesdata
fromthesystem.
utilitycontrolpoint(n)~Anetworknodethatprovidesthecentralreasoningpointforthe
SQLServerUtility.ItusesUtilityExplorerinSQLServerManagementStudio(SSMS)to
organizeandmonitorSQLServerresourcehealth.
utilityprogram(n)~Acomputerprogramthatperformsaspecificsupportfunction
requiredbytheoperatingsystem,byotherprograms,orbysystemusers.
UtilityReader(PN)~AprivilegethatallowstheuseraccounttoconnecttotheSQL
ServerUtility,seeallviewpointsintheUtilityExplorerinSSMSandseesettingsonthe
UtilityAdministrationnodeinUtilityExplorerinSSMS.
utilization(n)~Thenumberofhoursthatacontactworkedduringatimeperiod,thatis,
thesumofallhoursonalltimeslipsduringtheperiod.
utilizationhour(n)~Anhourthatisincludedinacalculationasbillableorefficient.
UUENCODE(n)~Anencodingmechanismthatconvertsbinarydataintoprintable
ASCIIcharacterssothatthedatacanbeincludedinthemessagebodywithoutviolating
SMTPconventions.
UUID(n)~A16-bytevaluegeneratedfromtheuniqueidentifieronadevice,thecurrent
dateandtime,andasequencenumber.Itisusedtoidentifyaparticulardevice,
component,user,orsession.
UWB(n)~Awirelesstechnologysimilartoradarthatiscenteredonthe200MZto4GHz
band.
UWP(PN)~TheconvergedWindowsplatformthatenablesthecreationofWindowsapps,
games,anddriversthatcantargeteveryWindows10device.
UWPapp(n)~AWindowsappthattargetstheWindows10UniversalWindowsPlatform
(UWP).
UWPBridge(PN)~Atoolkitoftoolsandrun-timetechnologiesthatenableadeveloper
tobringexistingcodefromanothercodebaseintotheUniversalWindowsPlatform.Each
toolkitwillvaryintermsofthetoolingandrun-timetechnologiesthatitprovides,butall
ofthemmakeiteasiertoquicklybringcodefromitscodebase-totheWindowsStore.
V~
V.34(n)~Adatatransmissionstandardthatprovidesforupto33,600bitspersecond(bps)
communicationsovertelephonelines.Itdefinesafull-duplex(two-way)modulation
techniqueandincludeserror-correctingandnegotiation.
V.90(n)~Adatatransmissionstandardthatprovidesforupto56,000bitspersecond(bps)
communicationsovertelephonelines.Thetransmissionspeedfromtheclient-sidemodem
is33,600bps,thesameasforV.34.Thetransmissionspeedfromthehost-sidemodem,
suchasanInternetserviceprovider(ISP)orcorporatenetwork,isupto56,000bps,with
anaveragespeedof40,000to50,000bps.Whenthehost-sidemodemdoesnotsupport
thisstandard,thealternativeisV.34.
V2Vconversion(n)~Theprocessbywhichafunctioningvirtualmachinecreatedin
VMwareisconverted’toanidentical
VA(n)~Theactivationoflargenumbersofsoftwarelicenses.
VAC(n)~Theearnedvaluefieldthatshowsthedifferencebetweenthebudgetat
completion[BAC]andtheestimateatcompletion[EAC].InProject,theEACistheTotal
Costfield,andtheBACistheBaselineCostfield.
vacuumer(n)~Atoolfordataremoval.
valid(adj)~Pertainingtosyntax,afile(orothersyntacticalentity)whichsatisfiessyntax
rules.
ValidforAdvancedFind(adj)~ABooleanfieldthatisusedtoindicateifanattributecan
beusedinAdvancedFind.
validtimestatetable(n)~Atablethattracksthestateofanentityovertimeusinga
valid-fromandavalid-tocolumn.
validXML(n)~Awell-formedXMLdocumentthatconformstoaspecificsetof
constraints,usuallydefinedinanXMLschema.
validate(v)~Tocomparefilesonlocalvolumeswiththeirassociateddatainsecondary
storagebyRemoteStorage.Validatingfilesensuresthatallthefilesonthemanaged
volumespointtovalidandcorrectdatainremotestorage.Italsorecalculatesvolume
statistics.
validate(v)~ToensurethatalldatasourcesthatareusedbyaKPIorscorecardare
available.
validate(v)~Touseanonlineprocesstoconfirmwhetherinstalledsoftwarewasproperly
activated.
validation(n)~Theprocessofcomparingfilesonlocalvolumeswiththeirassociateddata
insecondarystoragebyRemoteStorage.Volumesthatarevalidatedensurethatthecorrect
dataisrecalledfromremotestoragewhenauserattemptstoopenthefilefromalocal
volume.
validation(n)~Theprocessofconfirmingthatdatapassingintothesystemiscorrectand
complieswithpredefinedrules,definitions,orparameters.
validation(n)~TheprocessinwhichMicrosofttestsanapptomakesureitmeetsapp
requirements.
validationchain(n)~Asequenceofcertificates,whereeachcertificateinthesequenceis
signedbythesubsequentcertificate.Thelastcertificateinthechainisnormallyaself-
signedcertificate.
validationformula(n)~Checksthedatainafieldasitisentered.Itsetslimitsor
conditionsonwhatcanbeentered.
validationfunction(n)~Afunctionthatdetermineswhetherornotastringmeetscertain
requirements.
validationrule(n)~Apropertythatdefinesvalidinputvaluesforafieldorrecordina
table,oracontrolonaform.
validationservercontrol(n)~Aservercontrol,includedwithASP.NET,thatverifiesuser
input.TheinputischeckedasitcomesfromHTMLservercontrolsandWebserver
controls(forexample,aWebpageform)againstprogrammer-definedrequirements.
Validationcontrolsperforminputcheckinginservercode.Iftheuserisworkingwitha
browserthatsupportsDHTML,thevalidationcontrolscanalsoperformvalidationusing
clientscript.
validationtest(n)~Atestthatensuresthatthefunctionalitycalledforinascenarioor
qualityofservicerequirementisworking.
validator(n)~Aservercontrol,includedwithASP.NET,thatverifiesuserinput.The
inputischeckedasitcomesfromHTMLservercontrolsandWebservercontrols(for
example,aWebpageform)againstprogrammer-definedrequirements.Validationcontrols
performinputcheckinginservercode.Iftheuserisworkingwithabrowserthatsupports
DHTML,thevalidationcontrolscanalsoperformvalidationusingclientscript.
validitycheck(n)~Theprocessofanalyzingdatatodeterminewhetheritconformsto
predeterminedcompletenessandconsistencyparameters.
validityperiod(n)~Theamountoftimeadefinedcredentialisdeemedtobetrusted.
valuationallowance(n)~Anaccountthatisusedtoreducethegrosscostofanassetto
thenarriveatthenetcost.
value(n)~Aquantityassignedtoanelementsuchasavariable,symbol,orlabel.
valueaxis(n)~Achartaxisthatdisplaysscalednumericalvalues.
valueconverter(n)~Aclassthatisusedtoconvertvaluesfromonetypetoanother.
Usefulwhendatabindingwhenthesourceandtargetpropertieshavemismatchingtypes.
valueexpression(n)~AnexpressioninMultidimensionalExpressions(MDX)that
returnsavalue.Valueexpressionscanoperateonsets,tuples,members,levels,numbers,
orstrings.
valuelist(n)~Alistofvaluesusedbysomeapplication,suchasadatabase,asasearch
stringorasvaluesforafilteredquery.
valuemapping(n)~Thetranslationoffielddatavaluesbasedonbusinessrules.
valuemodel(n)~Amethodofchangingthemonetaryvalueofafixedassetovertimefor
differentpurposes,suchasaccountingdepreciation,taxdepreciation,revaluation,and
disposal.
valuestream(n)~Anoperatingunitthatcontrolsoneormoreproductionflows.
valuesubstitution(n)~AstringsubstitutionperformedonXMLelementsasadocument
passesthroughthepipeline.
valuetype(n)~Adatatypethatisrepresentedbythetype’sactualvalue.Ifavaluetypeis
assignedtoavariable,thatvariableisgivenafreshcopyofthevalue.(Thisisincontrast
toareferencetype,whereassignmentdoesnotcreateacopy.)Valuetypesareusually
createdonamethod’sstackframe,ratherthaninthegarbage-collectedheap.Avaluetype
canbeboxed,whichisaprocessthatcreatesacorrespondingreferencetype.
value-addednetwork(n)~Aprivatenetworkproviderthatishiredbyacompanyto
facilitateelectronicdatainterchange(EDI)orprovideothernetworkservices.
value-addedreseller(n)~Acompanythataddsfeaturesorcustomizationstoanexisting
productandthenre-sellsthatproducttoacustomer.
value-addedtax(n)~Ataxonproductsateachstageoftheirproductionbasedonthe
valueaddedduringthatstage.
value-addedtax(n)~Ataxongoodsorservicesthatisappliedtoeachsaleofthegoodor
service.EachcompanyisliableforapyingtothetaxauthoritiestheVATforgoodsor
servicesthattheyhavesold,buttosubtractfromthatamountthetaxforgoodsorservices
thattheyhavepurchased.
VAMT(PN)~AnMMCsnap-inthatenablesITprofessionalstoautomateandcentrally
managetheWindowsandMicrosoftOfficevolumeandretailactivationprocess.VAMT
canmanagevolumeactivationbyusingMultipleActivationKeys(MAKs)orthe
WindowsKeyManagementService(KMS).
VAN(oth)~Aprivatenetworkproviderthatishiredbyacompanytofacilitateelectronic
datainterchange(EDI)orprovideothernetworkservices.
vanishingpoint(n)~Apointthatrepresentswheretheperspectiverecedesinyour
drawing.Youcanmovethevanishingpointtoanylocationonthedrawingpage.When
youdragaraisedblockshapeontothisdrawingpage,theshapeorientssothatits
perspectivelinespointtothevanishingpoint.
vanityURL(n)~AnalternateURLthatistypicallyshorterand/oreasiertorememberand
communicatethantheoriginaladdress,orthatincorporatesacreativenamethatassociates
itwithaparticularproductorsubjectmatter.
Vaporware~Derogatorytermfor-software-whichisannouncedbutfailstomaterialise.
VAR(n)~Acompanythataddsfeaturesorcustomizationstoanexistingproductandthen
re-sellsthatproducttoacustomer.
varbinary(n)~Avariable-lengthdatatypewithamaximumof8,000bytesofbinary
data.
varchar(PN)~Thevariable-lengthdatatypewithamaximumof8,000ANSIcharacters.
variable(n)~Anamedstoragelocationcapableofcontainingdatathatcanbemodified
duringprogramexecution.
variable(n)~Aglobalvaluethatisusedtodefineafrequentlyusedsetting,suchasa
directorypathtocommonfilesorservernames.
variableaward(n)~Anindividualprovisionofsomeformofvariablecompensation.
variablebitrate(n)~Acharacteristicofadatastreaminwhichthebitratefluctuates,
dependinguponthecomplexityofthedata.
variablecompensation(n)~Compensation,contingentondiscretion,performance,or
results,thatisawardedtoanemployeebyanorganization.
variableconsumption(n)~Specificationthatthevolumeorquantityofacomponent
usedinafinisheditemisproportionaltothenumberofitemsproducedorreportedas
finished.
variablecost(n)~Acostthatvariesbasedonproductionorsalesvolume.
variableexpression(n)~Anexpressionthatdependsonthevalueofatleastonevariable
and,hence,mustbeevaluatedduringprogramexecution.
variablegrid(n)~Gridlinesthatchangeasyouchangethemagnificationofadrawing.
Whenyouzoomin,gridlinesareclosertogether.Whenyouzoomout,gridlinesare
fartherapart.
variableinitializer(n)~Anassignmentstatementthatisexecutedwhenthevariable’s
classisinitialized.
variablematerialconsumption(n)~Thetime-basedquantityofmaterialresourcetobe
usedinanassignment.Avariableconsumptionindicatesthattheamountofmaterialthat
isusedchangesifthetaskdurationorassignmentlengthchanges.
variance(n)~Thedifferencebetweentwovalues,suchasthedifferencebetween
estimatedandactualexpenses.
variance(n)~Thedifferencebetweenanexpectedandanactualeconomicresource.
varianceatcompletion(n)~Theearnedvaluefieldthatshowsthedifferencebetweenthe
budgetatcompletion[BAC]andtheestimateatcompletion[EAC].InProject,theEACis
theTotalCostfield,andtheBACistheBaselineCostfield.
variant(n)~Asinglecombinationoftheattributesthatareavailableforaproduct.Fora
giventypeofshirtforexample,eachcombinationofcolorandsizeisavariant.
variantconfigurationtechnology(n)~Amethodofmodelingproductmastersand
searchingforproductvariantconfigurations.
Variantdatatype(n)~Thedefaultdatatypeforvariablesthatdon’thavetype-
declarationcharacterswhenaDeftypestatementisn’tineffect.AVariantcanstore
numeric,string,date/time,Null,orEmptydata.
variantexpression(n)~Anyexpressionthatcanevaluatetonumeric,string,ordatedata,
aswellasthespecialvaluesEmptyandNull.
VariationLabels(n)~Setsoflanguagecollectionswithuser-defined,language-specific
formatsandbehaviorsthatcanbeappliedtopagelayout.CMSsupportsupto50different
labels.
VAT(n)~Ataxonproductsateachstageoftheirproductionbasedonthevalueadded
duringthatstage.
VATID(n)~Auniquenumbergovernmentsissuetocompaniesandcitizensinorderto
tracktaxespaidongoodsandservices.VATIDsintheEuropeanUnioncontainacountry
prefixfollowedbyupto12digitsorcharacters.
vault(n)~Asetofcredentialsthatuserscancreate,storeandmanageinCredential
Manager.
VB(n)~AtrademarkednameownedbyMicrosoftCorporationforahigh-level,visual-
programmingversionofBasic.VisualBasicwasdesignedforbuildingWindows-based
applications.
VBA(n)~Amacro-languageversionofVisualBasicthatisusedtoprogrammany
WindowsapplicationsandisincludedwithseveralMicrosoftapplications.
VBAConverter(PN)~AtoolthatconvertsVisualBasicforApplicationsmacrosthatare
openedorsavedinapreviousformat.
VBAproject(n)~Acollectionofthemodules,classmodules,anduserformsthatare
neededtocreateanapplication.Modules,classmodules,anduserformscanbeimported
intoandexportedfromaproject.
VBR(n)~Acharacteristicofadatastreaminwhichthebitratefluctuates,depending
uponthecomplexityofthedata.
VBScript(PN)~Ascriptinglanguagethatisusedtocreateinteractiveoranimatedcontent
fortheInternet,suchasgamesoradvancedfinancialapplications.VBScriptisbasedon
MicrosoftVisualBasicsyntax.
VBX(PN)~Asoftwaremodulethat,whencalledbyaVisualBasicapplication,produces
acontrolthataddssomedesiredfeaturetotheapplication.AVBXisaseparateexecutable
file,usuallywritteninC,thatisdynamicallylinkedtotheapplicationatruntimeandcan
beusedbyotherapplications,includingsomeapplicationsnotdevelopedinVisualBasic.
AlthoughVBXtechnologywasdevelopedbyMicrosoft,mostVBXshavebeenwrittenby
third-partydevelopers.VBXsarestillinuse,butthetechnologyhasbeensupersededby
OCXsandActiveXcontrols.
VC-1(n)~Ahigh-quality,industry-standardcodecbasedonWindowsMediaVideo
Version9.VC-1isoptimizedforencodingvideointendedforprofessionalbroadcastand
videostreamingandofferscompressionqualitygreaterthanMPEG-2.
vCalendar(n)~Thefilenameextensionofafilecontainingcalendarinformationthatcan
besharedamongdifferentcalendarprograms.
vCard(n)~Acommonlyusedfileformatforstoringcontactinformation.Contactsthat
usethevCardformatarestoredas.vcffiles.
VCC(n)~Anend-to-endconnectionconsistingofconcatenationsoftwoormorevirtual
channelsbetweentwoendpoints.
VCD(PN)~Arecordingformatthatcanstoreabout70minutesofvideoonaCD.Video
CDsplayonmostWindowscomputersandDVDplayers.VCDimagequalityisaboutthe
sameasthatofaVHScassette.
VCI(n)~Asectionoftheasynchronoustransfermode(ATM)cellheaderthatcontainsthe
virtualchanneladdressoverwhichthecellistoberouted.
VCR(n)~Ananalogmagneticrecordingandplaybackmachineusedtorecordandview
full-motionvideo.
VDS(n)~Asetofapplicationprogramminginterfaces(APIs)thatprovidesasingle
interfaceformanagingdisks.VDSusestwosetsofproviderstomanagestoragedevices.
Thebuilt-inVDSsoftwareprovidersenablethemanagementofdisksandvolumesatthe
operatingsystemlevel.TheVDShardwareprovidersenablethemanagementofdisk
storagesubsystemsandaresuppliedbythehardwarevendor.
vector(n)~Incomputergraphics,alinedrawninacertaindirectionfromastartingpoint
toanendpoint,bothofwhoselocationsareidentifiedbythecomputerusingx-y-
coordinatesonagrid.Vectorsareusedintheoutputofsomegraphicsprogramsinsteadof
groupsofdots(onpaper)orpixels(onscreen).
vectorartwork(n)~Animagegeneratedfromamathematicaldescriptionthatdetermines
theposition,length,anddirectioninwhichlinesaredrawn.Avectorgraphiciscreatedas
acollectionoflinesratherthanasapatternofindividualdotsorpixels.
vectorfont(n)~Afontrenderedfromamathematicalmodel,inwhicheachcharacteris
definedasasetoflinesdrawnbetweenpoints.Vectorfontscanbecleanlyscaledtoany
sizeoraspectratio.
vectorgraphic(n)~Animagegeneratedfromamathematicaldescriptionthatdetermines
theposition,length,anddirectioninwhichlinesaredrawn.Avectorgraphiciscreatedas
acollectionoflinesratherthanasapatternofindividualdotsorpixels.
VectorMarkupLanguage(n)~AnXML-basedspecificationfortheexchange,editing,
anddeliveryof2-DvectorgraphicsontheWeb.AnapplicationofXML(Extensible
MarkupLanguage),VMLusesXMLtagsandCascadingStyleSheetstocreateandplace
vectorgraphics,suchascirclesandsquares,inanXMLorHTMLdocument,suchasa
Webpage.Thesegraphics,whicharerenderedinthenativeoperatingsystem,caninclude
colorandareeditableinavarietyofgraphicsprograms.
vectorpath(n)~Avector-basedshapethatismadeupofoneormorelinesegments
connectedbytwoormoreanchorpoints.Pathscanbemadefromacombinationof
straightlinesandcurves,eachofwhichmaybemadeupofmanyconnectingpoints.All
pathscanbestrokedorfilled.
vectorization(n)~Theprocessofconvertingrastergraphicsintovectorgraphics.
VEIL(oth)~Atechnologyforencodinglow-bandwidthdigitaldatabitstreaminvideo
signal,whichenablesbroadcasterstoencodeinformationintoTVcommercialsthatcanbe
detectedbyspecialmachinesbutthatcannotbeseenbythehumaneye.
velocity(n)~Ameasureoftheworkaccomplishedperunitoftime.
velocity(n)~InScrum,velocityishowmuchproductbacklogeffortateamcanhandlein
onesprint.Thiscanbeestimatedbyviewingprevioussprints,assumingtheteam
compositionandsprintdurationarekeptconstant.Itcanalsobeestablishedonasprint-
by-sprintbasis,usingcommitment-basedplanning.Onceestablished,velocitycanbeused
toplanprojectsandforecastreleaseandproductcompletiondates
velocityreport(n)~Areportthatprovidesameasureoftherateofworkaccomplished
periterationunitoftime.
vendor(n)~Apartythatsuppliesproductstooneormorelegalentitiesinexchangefor
payment.
vendoranalysisreport(n)~Adocumentthatdisplaysvendorinvoiceamounts
summarizedbyoneormoredimensions.Avendoranalysisreportisusedtomonitorand
controlexpendituresassignedtoparties,products,locations,activities,oroneormoreof
theirclassifiers.
vendorcatalog(n)~Alistingofproductofferingsthatareavailableforpurchasefroma
vendor.
VendorEvaluationandConsolidation(oth)~Atemplatethataddressesthegeneral
activitiesthatmakeupthevendorevaluationandconsolidationprocess.
vendorinvoice(n)~Asourcedocumentthatdocumentsavendorpaymentrequest.A
vendorinvoicecanrefertooneormorepurchaseorders.Whenthevendorinvoiceis
authorized,apaymentcanbemadetothevendor.
vendorprepayment(n)~Apaymentmadetoavendorbeforeanyitemsarereceivedor
servicesareperformed.
vendorpricetolerancegroup(n)~Agroupthatcanbeassignedtovendorsandthat
controlstheallowablepricevariancepercentageforinvoicematching.
vendorrequest(n)~Requestsbyvendorsandemployeestoaddandmodifythevendors
approvedtodobusinessforanorganization.
vendoruser(n)~AnexternaluserwhohasaccesstoeithertheMicrosoftDynamicsAX
clientoranEnterprisePortalwebportal.
vendor-neutral~Astateinwhichnoonevendorcancontrolthedefinition,revisionor
distributionofaspecification.
Venndiagram(n)~Adiagramthatisusedtoshowareasofoverlapbetweenandamong
elements.
vennootschapsbelasting(n)~AcorporationtaxintheNetherlands.
verb(n)~AuserinterfaceelementinaWebPartsapplicationthatanendusercanclickto
performactionssuchasclosing,minimizing,restoring,editing,ordeletingaWebParts
control.Developerscanalsoaddcustomverbstocontrols.WebPartsverbsarebasedon
theSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPartVerbclass.
verb(n)~Acommanddisplayedintheshortcut(context)menu.Examplesincludeopen
andprint.
verbcontrolblock(n)~Astructuremadeupofvariableswhichidentifiestheverbtobe
executed,suppliesinformationtobeusedbytheverb,andcontainsinformationreturned
bytheverbwhenexecutioniscomplete.
verbosemode(n)~Amodethatpresentstheuserwithadditionalormoredetailed
information.
verbositylevel(n)~Theamountofinformationtodisplayinthebuildlog.
verbsmenu(n)~Amenuinthetitlebarofapartcontrolthatcontainsvariousverbs(UI
actionsthatapplytoanindividualcontrol)suchasClose,Minimize,Restore,Delete,
Export,Edit,Help,andothers,aswellascustomverbsimplementedbydevelopers.
verification(n)~Apartofthecompilationprocessinwhichcodeischeckedfor
conformancetoaspecificsetofrulesdefinedtoallowproofofcertainsecurity
requirements.ThecommonlanguageruntimecanverifyCommonIntermediateLanguage
(CIL).
verification(n)~Theprocessinwhichadevelopertestsanapptomakesureitmeetsapp
requirements.
verificationcertificate(n)~Acertificatethatrepresentsthepublic-keyportionofatoken-
signingcertificate.Averificationcertificateisstoredinthetrustpolicyandusedbythe
federationserverinoneorganizationtoverifythatincomingsecuritytokenshavebeen
issuedbyvalidfederationserversintheorganization’sfarmandinotherorganizations.
verifierprovider(n)~Autilitythatanalyzesdatafromtheverifier.dlltodeterminethings
liketimingandcalledAPIs.
verifierstop(n)~Amessagethatisdisplayedwhenaviolationhasbeenfoundinan
applicationbeingtested.
version(n)~Anumericorotherdesignationappendedtoaproductnametoidentifya
particularrelease.
version(n)~Metadatathatidentifiesachangemadetoaniteminareplica.Itconsistsof
thereplicakeyandthereplicatickcountfortheitem.
version(n)~Thestatusofaniteminsourcecontrolthatreflectsoneormorechangesfrom
apreviousform.Thegreatertheversionnumber,themorerecenttheversion.
version(n)~Apropertythatisusedtodifferentiateobjectsstoredinthecacheusingthe
samekey.WindowsServerAppFabricstorestheversioninformationusingthe
DataCacheItemVersionclass.Everytimeanobjectisaddedorupdatedinthecache,the
versionvaluechanges.Versioningisusedtomaintaindataconsistency.Optimistic
concurrencyisachievedbyusingversioningasopposedtolocks.
version(n)~Thestatusofanentityparticipatinginareleaseprocess.
versioncontrol(n)~Theprocessofmaintainingadatabaseofallthesourcecodeand
relatedfilesinasoftwaredevelopmentprojecttokeeptrackofchangesmadeduringthe
project.
versioncontrollabel(n)~Aword,symbol,orothergroupofcharactersusedtoidentifya
snapshotofasetoffilesataspecificpointintime.Itisoftenappliedbyanautomated
buildprocess.Itcanbeusedtoview,build,orevenrollbackalargesetoffilestothestate
theywereinwhenthelabelwasapplied.
versionhistory(n)~Afeaturethattracksandstoresarecordofashareddocumentwhen
itisfirstcreated,andeachtimeitisedited.
versionlimit(n)~Thenumberofpreviousmajorversionsofadocumenttoretaininthe
repositorywhenthedocumentisapproved.
versionnumber(n)~Anumberassignedbyasoftwaredevelopertoidentifyaparticular
programataparticularstage,beforeandafterpublicrelease.Successivepublicreleasesof
aprogramareassignedincreasinglyhighernumbers.Versionnumbersusuallyinclude
decimalfractions.Majorchangesareusuallymarkedbyachangeinthewholenumber,
whereasforminorchangesonlythenumberafterthedecimalpointincreases.
versionpolicy(n)~Therulesthatspecifywhichversionofdependentassembliestobind
to.Versionpolicesareexpressedusingconfigurationfiles.
versionstamp(n)~Amonotonicallyincreasingintegerthatservesastheversionofa
configurationobject.
versioning(n)~Afeaturethatenablesyoutostore,track,andrestoreitemsinalistand
filesinalibraryastheyarechanged.
vertex(n)~Ahandleatintersectionsbetweensegments,linesorcurvesthatcomprisea
shape.
vertex(n)~Thehighestpointofacurve,thepointwhereacurveends,orthepointwhere
twolinesegmentsmeetinapolygonorfreeformpath.
vertex(n)~Adatastructurethatdescribestheattributesofagraphicalobject,among
which,thepositionofapointin2Dor3Dspace.
vertexbuffer(n)~Memorybufferthatcontainsvertexdata.
vertexdata(n)~Dataaboutagraphicalobjectincludingpositioncoordinates,colordata,
texturecoordinatedata,normaldata,andsoon.
vertical(n)~Asegmentofthemarketplace,notallofitatonce.
Vertical(PN)~TheStructurethatplacescontentonaverticalaxisandallowsusersto
navigatethroughitfromtoptobottom.
verticalalignment(n)~Theconsistentverticalpositioningoftext,graphics,andother
objects.
VerticalArrowList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionor
sequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflowthatmovetowardacommongoal.Works
wellforbulletedlistsofinformation.
verticalaxis(n)~Theverticalreferencelineonagrid,chart,orgraphthathashorizontal
andverticaldimensions.
verticalbar(n)~The|character.
VerticalBendingProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogression
orsequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.Maximizesbothhorizontalandvertical
displayspaceforshapes.Placesmoreemphasisontheinterrelationshipsamongtheshapes
thanondirectionormovement.
VerticalBlockList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowgroupsofinformation
orstepsinatask,process,orworkflow.WorkswellwithlargeamountsofLevel2text.A
goodchoicefortextwithamainpointandmultiplesub-points.
VerticalBoxList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowseveralgroupsof
information,especiallygroupswithlargeamountsofLevel2text.Agoodchoicefor
bulletedlistsofinformation.
VerticalBulletList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshownon-sequentialor
groupedblocksofinformation.Workswellforlistswithlongheadingsortop-level
information.
VerticalChevronList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionor
sequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflow,ortoemphasizemovementordirection.
EmphasizesLevel2textoverLevel1text,andisagoodchoiceforlargeamountsof
Level2text.
VerticalEquation(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowsequentialstepsor
tasksthatdepictaplanorresult.ThelastLevel1lineoftextappearsafterthearrow.
WorksbestwithLevel1textonly.
verticalfiltering(n)~Filteringcolumnsfromatable.Whenusedaspartofreplication,
thetablearticlecreatedcontainsonlyselectedcolumnsfromthepublishingtable.
VERTICALLINE(n)~The|character.
verticaloffset(n)~Thedistance,indeviceindependentpixels,thattheviewporthasbeen
scrolledfromitstopside.
verticalpartitioning(n)~Theprocessofsplittingasingletableintomultipletablesbased
onselectedcolumns.Eachofthemultipletableshasthesamenumberofrowsbutfewer
columns.
VerticalPictureAccentList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshownon-
sequentialorgroupedblocksofinformation.Thesmallcirclesaredesignedtocontain
pictures.
VerticalPictureList(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshownon-sequentialor
groupedblocksofinformation.Thesmallshapesontheleftaredesignedtocontain
pictures.
VerticalProcess(PN)~ASmartArtgraphiclayoutusedtoshowaprogressionor
sequentialstepsinatask,process,orworkflowfromtoptobottom.WorksbestwithLevel
1text,sincetheverticalspaceislimited.
verticalruler(n)~Abardisplayedalongtheleftsideofadocumentwindow.Youcanuse
theverticalrulertoadjustthetopandbottompagemarginsandtherowheightintables.
verticalsearch(n)~Atypeofsearchwhichisrestrictedtoaspecificdomain,suchas
newssearch,imagesearch,localsearch.
verticalsolution(n)~Anadd-onsoftwaresolutionthatcomplementsthefunctionalityof
aproductandthatfocusesonindustry-specificneeds.
verticalsplit(n)~AverticalorientationoftheCIDERshell.
Vertipaq(PN)~Ahighperformanceanalyticsenginethatusescompressedin-memory
column-orientedstoragetomanagelargevolumesofdataanddeliverfastresponsetouser
queries.
veryimportantperson(n)~Apersonwithahighrankorspecialstatus,whousually
receivesspecialtreatment.
verylargedatabase(n)~Adatabasethathasbecomelargeenoughtobeamanagement
challenge,requiringextraattentiontopeople,processes,andprocesses.
vestingschedule(n)~Themannerinwhich-longtermvariablecompensationis
distributedtoanemployee.Long-termincentivesareawardedatonetimebutdistributed
atalatertime.
VFAT(n)~ThefilesystemdriversoftwareusedundertheWindows9xInstallableFile
SystemManager(IFS)foraccessingdisks.VFATiscompatiblewithMS-DOSdisksbut
runsmoreefficiently.VFATuses32-bitcode,runsinprotectedmode,usesVCACHEfor
diskcaching,andsupportslongfilenames.
VGA~(VideoGraphicsArray)-AnearlycolourgraphicsstandardforPCs,nowusedasa
sortoflowestcommondenominatorwhichallmonitorsandgraphicscardsunderstand.
VGS(PN)~Thesetofsoftwaredriversandservices-€”suchasIntegrationServices(for
Hyper-V)orVirtualMachineAdditions(forVirtualServer)-€”installedonavirtual
machinethathelpmaximizeperformanceandenhancetheuserinterfaceexperiencefora
virtualmachine.
via(n)~Acopper-platedholethatgoesallthewaythroughaPCBandallowsa
connectionbetweenwiresondifferentlayersofthePCB.
Vibrate(PN)~Anoptionthatcausesthedevicetovibrateinsteadofplayinganaudible
notificationoralerttone.
Vibrate(PN)~Aprofilethatcausesthedevicetovibrateasopposedtoring.
Video(PN)~ThebrandnameofthevideoofferingfromXboxLive.
video(n)~Anaudiovisualrecording.
video(n)~Anyphonecallthatincludesavideocomponent,whereyoucanseetheperson
thatyou’retalkingto(andtheycanseeyou).
Video(PN)~AnMSNsitethatallowstheusertoaccessthelatestnews,sport,
entertainment,lifestyleandcarsvideos.
videoaccelerator(n)~Avideocardthatcontainsagraphicscoprocessor.Agraphics
acceleratorcanupdatethevideodisplaymuchmorequicklythantheCPUcan,anditfrees
theCPUforothertasks.Agraphicsacceleratorisanecessityformodernsoftwaresuchas
graphicaluserinterfacesandmultimediaapplications.
videocall(n)~InWindowsLiveMessengerandWindowsLiveMaildesktop,avideo
exchangethroughinstantmessagesbetweentwoormorepeople.
videocall(n)~AcallthatconnectsLyncuserswithpeer-to-peercapabilities.Userscan
startavideocallbypointingtoacontactintheContactsviewandthenclickingthevideo
callicon.
videocall(n)~Anyphonecallthatincludesavideocomponent,whereyoucanseethe
personthatyou’retalkingto(andtheycanseeyou).
videocall(n)~AfreeinternetcallbetweentwoSkypeusersseeingeachothervia
webcam.
VideoCapable(n)~AstatusonaLynccontactcardthatindicatesacameraisenabled.
videocard(n)~Theelectroniccomponentsthatgeneratethevideosignalsentthrougha
cabletoavideodisplay.Thevideoadapterisusuallylocatedonthecomputer’smain
systemboardoronanexpansionboard,butitissometimesbuiltintotheterminal.
videocarousel(n)~AslideshowofMSNvideosthatdisplaysintheadvertisingspaceof
themainMainmessengerwindow.
videocassetterecorder(n)~Ananalogmagneticrecordingandplaybackmachineused
torecordandviewfull-motionvideo.
VideoCD(n)~Arecordingformatthatcanstoreabout70minutesofvideoonaCD.
VideoCDsplayonmostWindowscomputersandDVDplayers.VCDimagequalityis
aboutthesameasthatofaVHScassette.
videochat(n)~AfreeinternetcallbetweentwoSkypeusersseeingeachothervia
webcam.
videoclip(n)~Afilethatcontainsashortvideoitem,usuallyanexcerptfromalonger
recording.
VideoConversation(n)~Abuttonintheconversationwindowthatstartsavideo
conversationwiththeparticipantsofthecurrentconversation.
videoconversation(n)~Aninstantmessageconversationinwhichoneorboth
participantsisbroadcastingavideofeedbyusingacamera.
videodigitizer(n)~Adeviceusedincomputergraphicsthatusesavideocamera,rather
thanascanhead,tocaptureavideoimageandthenstoresitinmemorywiththeaidofa
special-purposecircuitboard.
videoencodedinvisiblelight(oth)~Atechnologyforencodinglow-bandwidthdigital
databitstreaminvideosignal,whichenablesbroadcasterstoencodeinformationintoTV
commercialsthatcanbedetectedbyspecialmachinesbutthatcannotbeseenbythe
humaneye.
videoframe(n)~Oneofmanysequentialimagesthatmakeupvideo.
videogame(n)~Aclassofcomputerprograminwhichoneormoreusersinteractwith
thecomputerasaformofentertainment.Computergamesrunthegamutfromsimple
alphabetgamesfortoddlerstochess,treasurehunts,wargames,andsimulationsofworld
events.Thegamesarecontrolledfromakeyboardorwithajoystickorotherdeviceand
aresuppliedondisks,onCD-ROMs,asgamecartridges,ontheInternet,orasarcade
devices.
VideoLeft(n)~AcreditanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
videolight(n)~Thephone’sLEDlightusedduringvideocapturetohelpexposurein
darkconditions.
videolook-uptable(n)~Whenagraphiciscreatedoredited,theusermayspecifya
CLUTthatcorrespondswiththeneedsofprint,Web,orotherdestinationmedia.InWeb
design,aspecificCLUTofbrowser-safecolorsisusedtobecertaingraphicsanddesigns
willdisplayconsistentlyacrossdifferentplatformsandwithdifferentbrowsers.
videomail(n)~Ashortvideosentasanemailmessagetosomeoneinthecontactlist.
videomemory(n)~Atypeofmemoryusedbyvideocardstostoreinformationthatwill
bedisplayedonamonitor.Theamountofvideomemorydictatesthemaximumresolution
andcolordepthavailableforthedisplay.
videomessage(n)~Ashortvideosentasanemailmessagetosomeoneinthecontactlist.
videomessage(n)~Ashortvideoclipthatcanberecordedbyauserandleftforanoffline
contact.
VideoMessages(PN)~Thefeaturethatgivesusersarichwaytosendvideomessages
asynchronouslytoanotheruser.
videomessages(PN)~Thefeaturethatgivesusersarichwaytosendvideomessages
asynchronouslytoanotheruser.
videonegotiation(n)~Aprocessinwhichasendingendpointcandeterminethevideo
capabilitiesofareceivingendpointbeforeitsendsavideostream.
videoondemand(n)~Atechnologythatincludessystems,services,andstandardsforthe
interactivedeliveryofstreamingvideotomultimediaclientssuchasdigitalset-topboxes.
videopanorama(n)~Asecondaryvideowindowthatautomaticallyappearsifsomeone
clicksVideoonthecommandbarandthereisaRoundTabledevicepresent.
videophone(n)~Adeviceequippedwithcameraandscreen,aswellasamicrophoneand
speaker,capableoftransmittingandreceivingvideosignalsaswellasvoiceovera
telephoneline.Usingconventionaltelephonelines,avideophonecantransmitonlyfreeze-
framevideo.
videoport(n)~Aconnectionthatsendsvideoinformationfromonedevicetoanother.
Forexample,acomputer’svideoportsendsvideosignalstoamonitor.
videoqualitynotifications(n)~AlertstoLyncusersaboutthequalityofthenetwork,
computer,camera,andlightingconditions.
VideoSearch~Theabilitytosearchwithinacollectionofvideos,whetherinsidethe
enterpriseoroutside,whetherunderenterprisecontrolorinanothercompany’sdomain,is
attractinginterestinareasofcontentmanagementasexpectationssparked
by-YouTube,-Hulu,Netflix,-Vimeo-and-Blinkx-entertheenterpriseenvironment.
videosnapshot(n)~Apicturetakenwiththewebcam(duringthecalloranytime).
VideoSpotlight(PN)~Amodethatenablespresenterstoselectoneperson’svideofeed
sothateveryparticipantinthemeetingseesthatparticipantonly.
videostorage(n)~Afeaturethatenablestheusertostorevideoclips.
VideoStore(PN)~ThesectionoftheStorewhereyoucanpurchaseorrentmoviesand
TVshows.
VideoStyles(PN)~Agalleryofeffectsthatuserscanapplytovideostocreatea
customized,artisticlook.
Videotelepresence~aformofimmersivevideocommunicationthatcreatesthe
impressionofbeinginthesameroomasotherconferenceparticipants.Mosttelepresence
suitesrunhigh-definition(HD)videoresolutionat720por1,080plines.
VideoTop(n)~AcreditanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
videotransition(n)~Invideoediting,themethodofchangingfromonesceneorclipto
another.Across-fadeandawipeareexamplesoftransitions.
videoupgrade(n)~AWindowsPhonefeaturetoupgradeaphonecallintoaSkypevideo
call.
videophone(n)~Adeviceequippedwithcameraandscreen,aswellasamicrophoneand
speaker,capableoftransmittingandreceivingvideosignalsaswellasvoiceovera
telephoneline.Usingconventionaltelephonelines,avideophonecantransmitonlyfreeze-
framevideo.
VidPN(n)~Amodelthatrelatesthevideopresentsourcesonadisplayadaptertothe
videopresenttargetsontheadapterandspecifieshowthosesourcesandtargetsare
configured.Itisanabstractionofthedisplayadapter’spresentationalsubsystem.
view(v)~Tocauseanapplicationtodisplayinformationonacomputerordevicescreen.
view(n)~Inrelationaldatabasemanagementsystems,alogicaltablecreatedthroughthe
specificationofoneormorerelationaloperationsononeormoretables.Aviewis
equivalenttoadividedrelationintherelationalmodel.
view(n)~Thedisplayofdataoranimagefromagivenperspectiveorlocation.
View(n)~Acommonmenuitemthatenablestheusertoselecthowthecontentsofthe
currentprogramaredisplayed.
view(n)~IntheOperationsconsole,adisplayofafilteredsetofdatafromthe
OperationsManagerDBdatabase.
View(n)~AfilterforTicketliststhatdisplaysTicketsbasedonspecificcriteria.
Viewall(PN)~Thelinkthatappearsaboveanincompletecontentsetandleadstothefull
listofitems.Forexample,whenacontentmoduledisplaysitems1-€“6,aViewall’linkin
linewiththemodulelabelleadstoawebpagethatlistsallitems.Theitemsthatare
availableinpreviewareredundantlyavailableinthelistofallitems
ViewBar(n)~AscreenelementalongtheleftedgeoftheProjectwindowthatprovides
buttonsforthemostcommonlyusedviews.TheViewBarprovidesaconvenientmeansof
changingviewsbyjustclickingtheiconsthatappearontheViewBar.
viewbox(n)~Acontrolthatscalesallofitschildelementssimilartoazoomcontrol.
viewgeneration(n)~Arepositoryenginefeaturethatisusedtocreaterelationalviews
basedonclasses,interfaces,andrelationshipsinaninformationmodel.
viewidentifier(n)~AvaluethatidentifiesaviewthatisavailableforaUIAutomation
elementthatimplementsacontrolpattern.
ViewListsright(n)~Arightthatallowsausertoviewitemsinalist,documentlibrary,
discussionboard,orsurvey.Doesnotallowtheusertoadd,modify,orremovetheitems.
viewstate(n)~Amodeofsessionstateinwhichtheentiresessionstateisserializedand
storedasaBLOBontheclientthendeserializedduringeverypost-back.Thishasa
tremendoushitinbytesoverthewire(BoW),butishighlyscalableinthatitdoesn’t
requirestoringinformationinthedatabase.
viewstate(n)~Astateinwhichanappcanbeviewed.Fullscreenistheviewstatein
whichtheapptakesupthefullscreen.Snappedistheviewstateinwhichtheapptakesup
thesmallerportionofthescreen(itbecomesasnappedapp).Fillistheviewstateinwhich
theapptakesupthelargerandremainingportionofthescreenwhenanotherappis
snapped.-Whenanappisthemainapp,isinthefillviewstate.
viewtype(n)~Thebasicstructureofaview.Whenyoucreateaview,youmustfirst
selectoneoffiveviewtypes(table,timeline,day/week/month,card,oricon)todetermine
howinformationwillbearrangedandformattedinyournewview.
viewedhyperlink(n)~AhyperlinkonaWebpagethatasitevisitorhasactivatedby
usingamousedevice,keyboard,orothertypeofpointingdevice.
viewer(n)~Anapplicationthatdisplaysorotherwiseoutputsafileinthesamewayasthe
applicationthatcreatedthefile.Anexampleofaviewerisaprogramtodisplaythe
imagesstoredinGIForJPEGfiles.
View-OnlyOrganizationManagement(PN)~Theadministratorrolegroupthatgives
userspermissionstoview,butnotmodify,allmailboxes,publicgroups,andexternal
contactsintheorganization.Memberscanalsoviewsettingsforroleassignmentpolicies,
transportrules,andsupervisionpolicies.
viewplane(n)~The2Dcoordinatesystemthatdefinestheprojected(camera)viewofa
3Dscene.
viewport(n)~Avirtualwindow,usedforcontrolsthatdisplaycontent,throughwhichall
orpartofthecontentisvisible.Aviewportistypicallyusedtodisplayaparticularportion
ofcontentwhenallofthecontentwillnotfitintheavailabledisplayspace.Compareto
theextentsize,whichisthetotalwidthandheightofthecontent.
viewport(n)~TheportionofaDataRepeatercontrolonwhichrepeateditemswillbe
displayedatruntime.
viewport3D(n)~Acontrolwhereyoucanauthor3Dcontentatdesigntimeonthe
artboardandthenrenderitcorrectlyatruntime.
viewportextent(n)~Thewidthorheightoftheviewport.
viewportorigin(n)~Thecorneroftheviewportfromwhichtheheightandwidthofthe
viewportaremeasured.
vignette(n)~Aneffectthataddsgradualdarkshading-attheedgesofaphoto.
Violence(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheEntertainmentSoftwareRating
Board(ESRB).
Violence(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbythePanEuropeanGamingInformation
(PEGI)andtheBritishBoardofFilmClassification(BBFC).
Violence(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
VioletHues(PN)~OneofthebackgroundcolorsontheScreenSaverSettingsdialogbox
thatconsistsofarangeofvioletcolors.
VIP(n)~Apersonwithahighrankorspecialstatus,whousuallyreceivesspecial
treatment.
VIP(n)~AnIPaddressthatisnotconnectedtoaspecificcomputerornetworkinterface
card.ServicedeploymentsareassignedaVIPforreceivingnetworktrafficwhichis
redirectedtoaphysicaldeviceintheMicrosoftAzurefabric.
viralprovisioning(n)~Theautomatedcreationofundifferentiateduserprofilesfollowing
invitesthattriggertheunattendedexecutionofascript.
viraltenant(n)~TheinstanceofAzureActiveDirectorythatisautomaticallycreated
whenprovisioningmultipleaccountsatthesametimefromunattendedscripting.
viraluser(n)~Theuserorcustomerthatisbroughtoverbyanotherone.
virtual(adj)~Oforpertainingtoadeviceorservicethatappearstotheuserassomething
itactuallyisnotorthatdoesnotphysicallyexist.
virtualaccount(n)~ALocalServiceaccountthatdoesnotrequirepassword
management.AvirtualaccountisseparatefromtheLocalService,LocalSystem,and
NetworkServiceaccounts.Itusesthecomputer’saccountandcredentialswhenitneeds
networkaccessinadomainenvironment.
virtualaddress(n)~Inavirtualmemorysystem,theaddresstheapplicationusesto
referencememory.Thekernelandthememorymanagementunit(MMU)translatethis
addressintoaphysicaladdressbeforethememoryisactuallyreadorwritten.
virtualapplication(n)~AnapplicationpackagedbytheSequencertoruninaself-
contained,virtualenvironment.Thevirtualenvironmentcontainstheinformation
necessarytoruntheapplicationontheclientwithoutinstallingtheapplicationlocally.
virtualchannel(n)~InAsynchronousTransferMode(ATM),thepathtakenbydatasent
fromonesendertoonereceiver.
VirtualChannelConnection(n)~Anend-to-endconnectionconsistingofconcatenations
oftwoormorevirtualchannelsbetweentwoendpoints.
virtualchannelidentifier(n)~Asectionoftheasynchronoustransfermode(ATM)cell
headerthatcontainsthevirtualchanneladdressoverwhichthecellistoberouted.
virtualclassroom(n)~Anonlinemeetingforteachingandcollaborationpertainingtoa
particularlesson.
virtualcluster(n)~ANetworkLoadBalancingclusterthatyoucreatebyassigning
specificportrulestospecificvirtualIPaddresses.Withvirtualclusters,youcanuse
differentportrulesfordifferentWebsitesorapplicationshostedonthecluster,provided
eachWebsiteorapplicationhasadifferentvirtualIPaddress.
virtualCOM(n)~ThesubsystemthatmanagesCOMobjectscreatedbyapplication
processesrunninginavirtualenvironmentandpreventsconflictwiththesameobjects
createdoutsidethevirtualenvironment.
virtualcommunity(n)~Thecollectiveofpeoplewhointeractthroughoruseonline
resources.
virtualcontainer(n)~AcontainerthatallowsanyLDAP-compliantdirectorytobe
accessedthroughActiveDirectory.
virtualcore(n)~AcoreprovidedtotheguestOSbythehypervisor.
virtualdesktop(n)~Adesktopenhancementtoolthatprovidesaccesstothedesktop
whenitiscoveredbyopenwindowsorthatexpandsthesizeoftheworkingdesktop.
virtualdesktop(n)~Aclientoperatingsystemthatisdeployedbyusingavirtualmachine
toprovideaself-containedoperatingenvironmentthatbehavesasifitwereaseparate
computer.
virtualdesktop(n)~Theworkareaonacomputerscreenthatcontainsdifferent
groups-ofappsorcontentopenandavailablefordifferenttasksoraspectsofyourlife.
Eachgroupofitemsiscalledadesktoporvirtualdesktop.
virtualdesktoppool(n)~Agroupofoneormoreidenticallyconfiguredvirtual
machines.UserscanconnecttoanyvirtualmachineinthepoolbyusingRemoteAppand
DesktopConnection.Becausethevirtualmachinesareidenticallyconfigured,userswill
receivethesamevirtualdesktopregardlessofwhichvirtualmachinetheyconnectto.Only
oneusercanuseagivenvirtualmachineatatime,buttheuserisnotassignedtoa
particularvirtualmachine.
virtualdesktoptemplate(n)~Avirtualmachinethatisconfiguredasatemplateina
virtualdesktopcollectionandisusedtocreatenewvirtualdesktopsinthatcollection.
virtualDHCPserver(n)~AnemulationofaDynamicHostConfigurationProtocol
(DHCP)server.AvirtualnetworkcanbeconfiguredtoprovideavirtualDHCPserver,
whichoffersdynamicconfigurationofIPaddressesandrelatedinformationtoDHCP-
enabledvirtualmachines.
virtualdirectory(n)~AnameusedtoaccessthecontentsofanyExchangestoreusinga
Webbrowser.Thevirtualdirectorynameisusedtoopenamailboxaswellasbrowsethe
foldersofapublicstore.ThisnameisalsousedinURLsusingtheMicrosoftInternet
PublishingProvider(MSDAIPP),whichincludesbothhyperlinksinWebpagesaswellas
MicrosoftActiveXDataObjectsclient-sidecode.
virtualdirectory(n)~Adirectoryname,usedinanaddress,thatcorrespondstoa
physicaldirectoryontheserver.
virtualdirectory(n)~Anopaquedirectorywhereonlyfilesandsubdirectoriesdefinedin
theapplicationpackageorcreatedthroughinteractionwithanapplicationinavirtual
environmentarevisible.Anyfilesinanidenticallynamedlocaldirectoryarenotvisibleto
theapplication.
virtualdisk(n)~Acollectionofoneormorephysicaldisksfromapreviouslycreated
storagepool.
VirtualDiskService(n)~Asetofapplicationprogramminginterfaces(APIs)that
providesasingleinterfaceformanagingdisks.VDSusestwosetsofproviderstomanage
storagedevices.Thebuilt-inVDSsoftwareprovidersenablethemanagementofdisksand
volumesattheoperatingsystemlevel.TheVDShardwareprovidersenablethe
managementofdiskstoragesubsystemsandaresuppliedbythehardwarevendor.
virtualdispatchslot(n)~Anentryinaninternallymaintainedtableoffunctionsthatis
usedatruntimetolookupvirtualfunctioncallsinanobject-orientedtype.
virtualdrive(n)~Anon-physicaldiskexposedtotheuserasifitwerearealdisk.The
diskmaybebackedbyeitherafileormemory.
virtualenvironment(n)~Aruntimecontainerthatdefinestheresourcesavailableto
applicationprocesseslaunchedfromanapplicationpackage.Resourcesincludefiles,
directories,registrykeysandvalues,fonts,COMobjects,andservices.Theseresources
originatefromtheapplicationpackagebutmaybechangedbytheapplication.Changesto
resourcesmadebytheapplicationareisolatedfromotherapplicationslaunchedfrom
differentpackagesorbydifferentusers.Changesmadebytheapplicationtakeprecedence
overpackage-definedresourcesandpersistfromonelaunchoftheapplicationtothenext.
virtualenvironment(n)~Anenvironmentcomposedofvirtualmachines.
VirtualFibreChannel(PN)~AHyper-Vtechnologythatprovidestheguestoperating
systemofavirtualmachinewithdirectaccesstoFibreChannel-basedstoragebyexposing
FibreChannelportstotheguestthroughavirtualFibreChanneladapter.
virtualfile(n)~Afilenamewithinthevirtualenvironmentthatismappedtoanalternate
targetlocation.Avirtualfileappearsalongsideotherfilesinthecontainingdirectory,
regardlessofwhetherthatdirectoryisvirtualorlocal.
virtualfilesystem(n)~Thesubsystemthatinterceptsandredirectsfilesystemrequests
fromapplicationprocessesrunninginavirtualenvironment.Theserequestsareprocessed
basedonthevirtualfilesanddirectoriesdefinedintheapplicationpackageandcreatedor
modifiedthroughinteractionwithavirtualapplication.
virtualfloppydisk(n)~Afile-basedversionofaphysicalfloppydisk.Avirtualfloppy
diskisstoredasafilewitha.vfdfilenameextension.
virtualfolder(n)~Alistoffilesthatmatchspecificsearchorfilterinformation.You
createavirtualfolderbyspecifyingthetypesoffilesyouwanttofindandsavingthat
searchinformation.Wheneveryouopenavirtualfolderitwillsearchyourcomputeragain
tofindallfilesthatmatchwhatyou’relookingfor.
VirtualGuestServices(PN)~Thesetofsoftwaredriversandservices-€”suchas
IntegrationServices(forHyper-V)orVirtualMachineAdditions(forVirtualServer)-€”
installedonavirtualmachinethathelpmaximizeperformanceandenhancetheuser
interfaceexperienceforavirtualmachine.
virtualharddisk(n)~Thestoragemediumforavirtualmachine.Itcanresideonany
storagetopologythatthehostoperatingsystemcanaccess,includingexternaldevices,
storageareanetworks,andnetwork-attachedstorage.Thefileformatis.vhd.
virtualIP(n)~AnIPaddressthatisnotconnectedtoaspecificcomputerornetwork
interfacecard.ServicedeploymentsareassignedaVIPforreceivingnetworktrafficwhich
isredirectedtoaphysicaldeviceintheMicrosoftAzurefabric.
virtualIPaddress(n)~AnIPaddressthatissharedamongthehostsofaNetworkLoad
Balancingcluster.ANetworkLoadBalancingclustermightalsousemultiplevirtualIP
addresses,forexample,inaclusterofmultihomedWebservers.
virtualIPtemplate(n)~Atemplatethatcontainsconfigurationsettingsforhowaload
balancershouldhandleaspecifictypeofnetworktraffic.
virtualkeycode(n)~Asymbolicconstantname,hexadecimalvalue,ormouseor
keyboardequivalentthatprovidesahardwareandlanguage-independentmethodof
identifyingkeyboardkeys.Eachvirtualkeycoderepresentsauniquekeyboardkeyand
alsoidentifiesthepurposeofthatkey.Thekeyboarddrivermustprovideoneormore
keyboardlayoutsthatmapskeyboardscancodestotheappropriatevirtualkeycodes.
virtualLAN(n)~Alogicalgroupingofhostsononeormorelocalareanetworks(LANs)
thatallowscommunicationtooccurbetweenhostsasiftheywereonthesamephysical
LAN.
virtuallink(n)~Alogicallinkbetweenabackboneareaborderrouterandanareaborder
routerthatisnotconnectedtothebackbone.
virtuallocalareanetwork(n)~Alogicalgroupingofhostsononeormorelocalarea
networks(LANs)thatallowscommunicationtooccurbetweenhostsasiftheywereonthe
samephysicalLAN.
virtuallogfile(n)~Non-physicalfilesthatarederivedfromonephysicallogfilebythe
SQLServerDatabaseEngine.
virtualmachine(n)~Asoftwareimplementationofacomputerthatemulatesacomplete
hardwaresystem,fromprocessortonetworkcard,inaself-contained,isolatedsoftware
environment,enablingthesimultaneousoperationofotherwiseincompatibleoperating
systems.
VirtualMachineAdditions(n)~Acollectionofsoftwaredriversthatmaximize
performanceandprovideabetteruserinterface(UI)experiencewithinavirtualmachine.
VirtualMachineAdditionsareonlyavailableforsupportedguestoperatingsystems.
virtualmachinebus(n)~AcommunicationslineusedinHyper-Vbyvirtualmachines
andcertaintypesofvirtualdevices.Thevirtualdevicesthatusevirtualmachinebushave
beenoptimizedforuseinvirtualmachines.
virtualmachineconfiguration(n)~Theconfigurationoftheresourcesassignedtoa
virtualmachine.Examplesincludedevicessuchasdisksandnetworkadapters,aswellas
memoryandprocessors.
virtualmachineconfigurationfile(n)~AnXML-basedfilethatstorestheconfiguration
ofthevirtualmachine.
VirtualMachineConnection(PN)~AfeatureofHyper-Vthatallowsarunningvirtual
machinetobemanagedremotelythroughaninteractivesession.
virtualmachinedeployment(n)~Theprocessofmovingtheconfigurationfilesfora
virtualmachinefromtheVirtualMachineManagerlibrarytoavirtualmachinehost.
virtualmachineexpiration(n)~AfeatureofVirtualMachineManagerthatenablesan
administratortosetthenumberofdaysafterthecreateddatewhenavirtualmachineis
retiredfromusebyself-serviceusers.Expiredvirtualmachinesnolongerappearinthe
VirtualMachineManagerSelf-ServicePortal.However,theVirtualMachineManager
administratorstillcanmanagetheexpiredvirtualmachines.Expirationsettingsare
appliedtransparentlythroughthevirtualmachinetemplateswithwhichself-serviceusers
createtheirvirtualmachines.
virtualmachinehost(n)~Aphysicalcomputerthatisrunningvirtualizationsoftware,
suchasHyper-V,onwhichvirtualmachinescanbedeployed.
virtualmachineidentity(n)~Thevirtualmachinenameincombinationwiththe
computernameofthevirtualmachine’shost,whichuniquelyidentifyavirtualmachinein
VirtualMachineManager.Thevirtualmachinenameisadifferentproperty-fromthe
computernameoftheguestoperatingsystemrunninginsidethevirtualmachine.
VirtualMachineManagementservice(n)~TheHyper-Vservicethatprovides
managementaccesstovirtualmachines.
VirtualMachineManager(PN)~AmemberoftheMicrosoftSystemCentersuiteof
managementproducts,MicrosoftSystemCenterVirtualMachineManager2007
(SCVMM)enablesenterprise-widemanagementofvirtualmachines.
VirtualMachineManagerAdministratorConsole(PN)~Theconsolethatprovides
accesstotheadministrativefunctionsofVirtualMachineManager.
VirtualMachineManageragent(n)~Softwarethatisinstalledoneitheravirtual
machinehostoralibraryserver,whichenablesVirtualMachineManagertomonitorand
managehosts,virtualmachines,andlibraryresources.Anagentisalsoinstalledonthe
sourcemachineduringaphysical-to-virtualmachineconversion.-
VirtualMachineManagerdatabase(n)~TheSQLServerdatabasethatholdsallVirtual
MachineManagerconfigurationinformation.
VirtualMachineManagerlibrary(n)~Thecatalogofresourcesthatcanbeusedto
createvirtualmachinesinVirtualMachineManager.
VirtualMachineManagerSelf-ServicePortal(PN)~TheWebsitethatuserswiththe
neededpermissionsandsettingscanusetomanagetheirownvirtualmachineswithina
controlledenvironment.TheVirtualMachineManageradministratorconfiguresself-
servicepoliciestodeterminewhichuserscanusetheself-serviceportalandwhattheycan
do.
VirtualMachineManagerserver(n)~AphysicalcomputerrunningVirtualMachine
Manager.
VirtualMachineManagerservice(n)~ThesoftwarecomponentthatrunsVirtual
MachineManager.
VirtualMachineManagertoolbar(n)~AtoolbarinthemainVirtualMachineManager
AdministratorConsolethatincludescommandsforhidingordisplayingtheActionspane,
customizingcolumnsinthecurrentview,openingtheJobTrackingStatusWindowto
monitorthestatusyourownjobs,andopeningVirtualMachineManagerHelp.
virtualmachinemigration(n)~Theprocessofmovingadeployedvirtualmachinefrom
itscurrentvirtualmachinehosttoanotherhost.
virtualmachinename(n)~Thenamethat,incombinationwiththecomputernameofthe
virtualmachine’shost,uniquelyidentifiesavirtualmachineinVirtualMachineManager.
Thevirtualmachinenameisadifferentpropertyfromthecomputernameoftheguest
operatingsystem.
virtualmachineownership(n)~Theownershipunderwhichanownercanoperateand
manageadesignatedvirtualmachinethroughtheVirtualMachineManagerSelf-Service
Portal.Ifaself-servicepolicyiscreatedforagroup,thegroupcanhaveeitherperuser
ownershipofvirtualmachinesorsharedownershipofvirtualmachines.
virtualmachinepermissions(n)~Permissionsthatdeterminewhichactionsself-service
userscanperformontheirownvirtualmachines.Thepermissionsallowuserstocreate,
delete,start,stop,pause,andresumetheirownvirtualmachines,serveasalocal
administratorontheirvirtualmachines,andaccesstheirvirtualmachinesremotelyby
usingVirtualMachineRemoteControl(VMRC).
virtualmachineplacement(n)~Theprocessofselectingthemostsuitablehosttodeploy
avirtualmachineon.
virtualmachinepreservation(n)~Theprocessofupdatingahostoperatingsystem,
maximizinguptimeofthevirtualmachine(s)thatithosts.
VirtualMachineQueue(PN)~Afeaturethatuseshardwarepacketfilteringtodeliver
packetdatafromanexternalvirtualmachinenetworkdirectlytovirtualmachines,which
reducestheoverheadofroutingpacketsandcopyingthemfromthemanagement
operatingsystemtothevirtualmachine.
virtualmachinequota(n)~Alimitthatisplacedonthenumberofdeployedvirtual
machinesforauserorgroupinvirtualmachineself-service.Eachvirtualmachinecanadd
zeroormorequotapointstowardavirtualmachinequotathatissetforaself-service
policy.Iftheself-servicepolicyisassociatedwithagroup,thequotaeithercanbeshared
byallgroupmembers(undersharedownership)orcanapplytoeachgroupmember
individually(underperuserownership).Thequotadoesnotapplytostoredvirtual
machines.
VirtualMachineRemoteControl(n)~AfeatureofVirtualServerthatallowsarunning
virtualmachinetobemanagedremotely.
virtualmachinerole(n)~Acloudservicerolethatprovidesacustomer-customizable
virtualmachineimage.
virtualmachineself-service(n)~TheVirtualMachineManagerfeaturethatenables
userstomanagetheirownvirtualmachineswithinacontrolledenvironment.
virtualmachinesnapshot(n)~Afile-basedsnapshotofthestate,diskdata,and
configurationofavirtualmachineataspecificpointintime.
virtualmachinetemplate(n)~Alibraryresourceconsistingofaguestoperatingsystem
profile,ahardwareprofile,andoneormorevirtualharddisks(.vhdfiles),whichcanbe
usedtocreateanewvirtualmachine.Computeridentifyinformationmusthavebeen
removedfromthe.vhdfilethatcontainstheoperatingsystemfilesbyusingtheSystem
Preparationtool(Sysprep).Self-serviceusersmustusedesignatedtemplatestocreatetheir
virtualmachines.
virtualmachine-baseddesktopdeployment(n)~Adeploymentthatallowsuserstorun
multipleclientoperatingsystemsonasingleserverhostedonHyper-V.
VirtualMachines(PN)~TheInfrastructure-as-a-Service(IaaS)offerinMicrosoftAzure
thatallowscustomerstodeploypersistentvirtualmachineswithnearlyanyserver
workloadtheywant.
VirtualMachinesview(n)~TheviewintheVirtualMachineManagerAdministrator
Consoleinwhichtheadministratormonitors,operates,migrates,clones,andcreates
checkpointsforvirtualmachinesthataredeployedonavirtualmachinehost.
virtualmemory(n)~Temporarystorageusedbyacomputertorunprogramsthatneed
morememorythanisphysicallyinstalledonthecomputer.
VirtualMemorySize(n)~InTaskManager,theamountofvirtualmemory,oraddress
space,committedtoaprocess.
virtualnamespace(n)~Thesetofallhierarchicalsequencesofnamesthatcanbeused
byanapplicationtolocateobjects.Onesuchsequenceofnamesdefinesapaththroughthe
virtualnamespace,regardlessofwhetherthehierarchyofnamesreflectstheactual
arrangementofobjectsaroundthesystem.Forexample,thevirtualnamespaceofaWeb
serverconsistsofallpossibleURLsonthenetworkonwhichitruns.
virtualnamespace(n)~Thesetofallhierarchicalsequencesofnamesthatcanbeusedby
anapplicationtolocateobjects.Onesuchsequenceofnamesdefinesapaththroughthe
virtualnamespace,regardlessofwhetherthehierarchyofnamesreflectstheactual
arrangementofobjectsaroundthesystem.Forexample,thevirtualnamespaceofaWeb
serverconsistsofallpossibleURLsonthenetworkonwhichitruns.
virtualnetwork(n)~Avirtualversionofaphysicalnetworkswitch.Avirtualnetwork
canbeconfiguredtoprovideaccesstolocalorexternalnetworkresourcesforoneormore
virtualmachines.
VirtualNetwork(PN)~ThenetworkingserviceinMicrosoftAzurethatletscustomers
createandmanagevirtualprivatenetworksinMicrosoftAzureandsecurelylinkthemto
othervirtualnetworksortheirownon-premisesnetworkinginfrastructure.
virtualnetworkadapter(n)~Thelogicalorsoftwareinstanceofaphysicalnetwork
adapterthatallowsaphysicalcomputeroravirtualmachinetoconnecttoanetworkorthe
Internet.
virtualnetworknumber(n)~A4-bytehexadecimalnumberusedforaddressingand
routingpurposes.Theinternalnetworknumberidentifiesavirtualnetworkinsidea
computer.TheinternalnetworknumbermustbeuniquetotheIPXinternetwork.
virtualobject(n)~Anycontentorcontrolinanapplicationthatausercaninteractwith,
i.e.amenu,abutton,thebackground,etc.
virtualpath(n)~Asequenceofnamesthatisusedtolocateafileandthathasthesame
formasapathnameinthefilesystembutisnotnecessarilytheactualsequenceof
directorynamesunderwhichthefileislocated.ThepartofaURLthatfollowstheserver
nameisavirtualpath.Forexample,ifthedirectoryc:\bar\sinister\forces\distanceonthe
servermilesissharedonthelocalareanetworkatfoo.comunderthename\miles\bazand
containsthefileelena.html,thatfilemaybereturnedbyaWebrequestfor
http://miles.foo.com/baz/elena.html.
virtualpath(n)~InAsynchronousTransferMode(ATM),asetofvirtualchannelsthat
areswitchedtogetherasaunitthroughthenetwork.
VirtualPC(n)~TheMicrosoftvirtualmachinesolutionforclientoperatingsystems.
VirtualPCenablesmultipleclientoperatingsystemstorunsimultaneouslyonasingle
physicalcomputer,eachinitsownisolatedsoftwarepartition.
virtualprintermemory(n)~InaPostScriptprinter,apartofmemorythatstoresfont
information.ThememoryinPostScriptprintersisdividedintotwoareas:bandedmemory
andvirtualmemory.Thebandedmemorycontainsgraphicsandpage-layoutinformation
neededtoprintyourdocuments.Thevirtualmemorycontainsanyfontinformationthatis
senttoyourprintereitherwhenyouprintadocumentorwhenyoudownloadfonts.
virtualprivatenetwork(n)~Theextensionofaprivatenetworkthatencompasses
encapsulated,encrypted,andauthenticatedlinksacrosssharedorpublicnetworks.VPN
connectionstypicallyprovideremoteaccessandrouter-to-routerconnectionstoprivate
networksovertheInternet.
virtualprocessor(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,intheTaskScheduler,anabstraction
ofaphysicalprocessingresource.Justonecontextexecutesatanygiventimeonavirtual
processor.Everyschedulerinstancecontainsacollectionofvirtualprocessors,andevery
virtualprocessormapstoavirtualprocessorrootintheResourceManager.
virtualprocessorroot(n)~IntheConcurrencyRuntime,intheResourceManager,an
abstractionofaphysicalprocessingresource.Toenableoversubscriptionofhardware
threads,multiplevirtualprocessorrootscanmaptoonephysicalprocessingresource.
virtualregistry(n)~Thesubsystemthatinterceptsandredirectsregistryrequestsforkeys
andvaluesfromapplicationprocessesrunninginavirtualenvironment.Theredirectionis
basedontheregistryinformationdefinedintheapplicationpackageandcreatedor
modifiedthroughinteractionwithavirtualapplication.
virtualroot(n)~TherootdirectorythatauserseeswhenconnectedtoanInternetserver,
suchasanHTTPorFTPserver.Thevirtualrootisactuallyapointertothephysicalroot
directory,whichmaybeinadifferentlocation,suchasonanotherserver.Theadvantages
ofusingavirtualrootincludebeingabletocreateasimpleURLfortheInternetsiteandto
movetherootdirectorywithoutaffectingtheURL.
virtualserver(n)~Inaservercluster,acollectionofservicesthatappeartoclientsasa
physicalWindows-basedserverbutarenotassociatedwithaspecificserver.Avirtual
serveristypicallyaresourcegroupthatcontainsalloftheresourcesneededtoruna
particularapplicationandthatcanbefailedoverlikeanyotherresourcegroup.Allvirtual
serversmustincludeaNetworkNameresourceandanIPAddressresource.
virtualserver(n)~AvirtualcomputerthatresidesonaHypertextTransferProtocol
(HTTP)serverbutappearstotheuserasaseparateHTTPserver.Severalvirtualservers
canresideononecomputer,eachcapableofrunningitsownprogramsandeachwith
individualizedaccesstoinputandperipheraldevices.Eachvirtualserverhasitsown
domainnameandIPaddress,andeachappearstotheuserasanindividualWebsiteor
FileTransferProtocol(FTP)site.SomeInternetserviceproviders(ISPs)usevirtual
serversforthoseclientswhowanttousetheirowndomainnames.
virtualservices(n)~ThesubsystemthatactsastheServiceControlManager(SCM)for
servicesrunninginavirtualenvironment.
virtualsharedfolder(n)~AmailboxfolderstructureonsomeIMAPserversinwhich
mailfoldersareaccessedwiththeadministratorusernameandpassword,andshelllogin
accesstothemailserverisnotallowed.Accesstospecificmailboxesismanagedby
accesscontrollists.Thismeansthatusersareassignedthepermissionstoonlyaccesstheir
mailboxfolder,whileanadministratorhasaccesstoallmailboxes.Thisallows
organizationstouseadministrativecredentialstomigratee-mailfromanIMAPserverto
OutlookLive.
VirtualSmartCard(PN)~Theabilityforsomedevicestoactlikephysicalsmartcards
eveniftheyaren’t.
virtualsmartcard(n)~Theabilitytoemulatethefunctionalityoftraditionalsmartcards,
butinsteadofrequiringthepurchaseofadditionalhardware,itusestechnologythatusers
alreadyownandaremorelikelytohavewiththematalltimes.
VirtualSpacemode(n)~Aviewmodeinwhichtheeditoractsasifthespacepastthe
endofeachlineisfilledwithaninfinitenumberofspaces,allowingcodelinestocontinue
offthesideofthevisiblescreenarea.
virtualstore(n)~Acertificatestorethatconsistsofacollectionofothercertificatestores.
virtualswitch(n)~Avirtualversionofaphysicalnetworkswitch.Avirtualnetworkcan
beconfiguredtoprovideaccesstolocalorexternalnetworkresourcesforoneormore
virtualmachines.
virtualswitchextension(n)~Aplug-inthatenablesthecapabilitiesandfunctionalitiesof
avirtualswitchtobeextended.
virtualteam(n)~Agroupofindividualswhoworkacrossorganizationalboundaries.
Thisincludesgroupsofgeographically,organizationallyand/ortimedispersedworkers
broughttogetherbyinformationandtelecommunicationtechnologiestoaccomplishone
ormoreorganizationaltasks.
virtualuserminute(n)~Aunitofmeasureforthenumberofuserstimesthenumberof
minutesofserviceused.
Virtual,virtualreality~Asimulatedenvironmentontheinternetoracomputer.
virtualization(n)~Afeaturethatallowsstandarduserstorunapplicationsthatnormally
writetoper-computerfilesandregistrykeys.Ifthesewriteoperationsfail,theyare
automaticallyredirectedtoequivalentper-userlocations.
virtualization(n)~Ameansbywhichaserviceisrunonavirtualplatformwithvirtual
storage.
virtualization(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundationandSilverlight,atechniqueby
whichasubsetofUIelementsaregeneratedfromalargernumberofdataitemsbasedon
whichitemsarevisibleonthescreen.Virtualizationisaperformanceenhancement,
becauseitisintensive,bothintermsofmemoryandprocessor,togeneratealargenumber
ofUIelementswhenonlyafewmaybeonthescreenatagiventime.
virtualizationmanagement(n)~Thesoftwareandprocessesthatyouusetomanage
virtualmachinesandvirtualmachinehosts.
VirtualizationMode(n)~Anaudioeffectsettingthatallowsuserswithstereo
headphonestoexperiencestereoandmulti-channelcontentwithouttheneedtosetupan
extensivemulti-channelspeakersystem.
virtual-keycode(n)~Asymbolicconstantname,hexadecimalvalue,ormouseor
keyboardequivalentthatprovidesahardwareandlanguage-independentmethodof
identifyingkeyboardkeys.Eachvirtualkeycoderepresentsauniquekeyboardkeyand
alsoidentifiesthepurposeofthatkey.Thekeyboarddrivermustprovideoneormore
keyboardlayoutsthatmapskeyboardscancodestotheappropriatevirtualkeycodes.
virtual-modedatabinding(n)~Atypeofdatabindinginwhichadata-boundcontrol
retrievesonlyasmanyrowsfromthedatabaseastheuserwillbeabletoseeonthescreen.
virtual-to-virtualmachineconversion(n)~Theprocessbywhichafunctioningvirtual
machinecreatedinVMwareisconverted’toanidentical
virus(n)~Malwarethatreplicates,commonlybyinfectingotherfilesinthesystem,thus
allowingtheexecutionofthemalwarecodeanditspropagationwhenthosefilesare
activated.
Virus~Aprogramthathasbeendeliberatelycreatedtocausecomputerproblems,usually
minoronesasaprank,butoccasionallyverynastyonesindeed,suchaserasingyourentire
harddisk.Viruseswereoriginallydesignedtoattachthemselvestoprogramsonadisk,
andthen‘hide’inthecomputer’smemoryoncethehostprogramisexecuted,and‘infect’
everydisktheycomeacross.Sometypesofvirus(suchasthefamous‘Ilove
you’)-propagatebyemail,disguisedasan-attachment,whichiswhyyoushouldnever
openanattachmentyouareunsureof.
Virus~Achunkofcomputerprogrammingcodethatmakescopiesofitselfwithoutany
concioushumanintervention.
virusdetection(n)~Theprocessoffindingmalicioussoftwareonacomputer.
VirusFilterpage(n)~Thepagewhereadministratorssetupandenablevirusfiltering
(forcustomerswhosubscribetothisservice).
virusfiltering(n)~OneofthecontractedservicesofferedbyExchangeHostedServices
thatscansandblocksemailcontainingsuspiciousormaliciouscode.
virusprotection(n)~Aseriesofmeasurestoprotectamachinefrombeinginfectedbya
virus.
Virusprotector~Aprogramwhichguardsagainstcomputer-viruses,eitherbylurkingin
memoryasa-TSR-andcheckingeverythingyourunforvirusesasyougoalong,orby
scanningsomeorallofthefilesoneitherhardorfloppydiskatatimeyouspecify.Virus
protectorsneedtobeupdatedfrequentlytoguardagainstnewtypesofvirus.
virusscanner(n)~Softwareusedtoscanforanderadicatecomputerviruses,worms,and
trojanhorses.
VirusScanningAPI(n)~Avirus-scanningAPIthatisusedbythird-partyantivirus
serviceproviderstoprotectcomputersthathavetheExchangeServer2007Mailboxserver
roleinstalled.
virussignature(n)~Aportionofuniquecomputercodecontainedinavirus.Antivirus
programssearchforknownvirussignaturestoidentifyinfectedprogramsandfiles.
virussignaturefile(n)~Afilethatupdatesanantivirusprogramsothattheprogram
recognizessignaturesofnewvirusesandremovesthevirusesfromtheuser’scomputer.
visibility(n)~Apropertyofareplicathatindicateswhichmembersofthereplicasetit
cansynchronizewithandwhichconflictresolutionrulesapply.Replicasfallintothree
visibilitytypes:global,local,andanonymous.
visibility(n)~Theabilityofoneelementtoseeorrefertoanother.Foroneelementto
sendamessagetoanotherelement,thelattermustbevisibletotheformer.
visibility(n)~TheabilityofaBluetoothdevicetoletanyotherBluetoothdevicediscover
andconnectwithit.
visibilitymode(n)~AmodeinwhichSharePointServeristheprimarysourceforallthe
projectdetails.ProjectServerscheduling,timeandstatus,andadvancedfunctionalityare
disabled.
visibleborder(n)~Afaintdottedlinethatappearsaroundelementswithhiddenborders.
visiblepage(n)~Incomputergraphics,theimagethatisbeingdisplayedonthescreen.
Screenimagesarewrittenintodisplaymemoryinsectionscalledpages,eachofwhich
containsonescreendisplay.
VisioGraphicsService(PN)~AMicrosoftSharePointServer2010serviceapplication
thatallowsuserstoshareandviewVisiowebdrawingsusingVisioServices.Theservice
applicationalsoenablesdata-connectedMicrosoftVisio2010webdrawingstobe
refreshedandupdatedfromavarietyofdatasources.
VisioProforOffice365(PN)~ThesubscriptionofferingoftheVisiobusiness
diagramminganddrawingsoftwarewithprofessionalfeaturesforuseonmultipledevices
andwithongoingaccesstoupgrades.
VisioProforOffice365(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheVisioProforOffice365offer
forgovernmentorganizationsthatishostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
VisioProforOffice365(MonthtoMonth)(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheVisioPro
forOffice365offerforthemonth-to-monthsubscriptionforgovernmentorganizations.
VisioProforOffice365forGovernment(PN)~TheVisioProforOffice365offerfor
governmentorganizationsthatishostedinthegovernmentcloudenvironment.
VisioProfessional2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofMicrosoftVisioProfessional.
VisioStandard2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofMicrosoftVisioStandard.
VisioWebAccess(PN)~AWebPartthatenablesuserstoview(infullfidelity)andshare
VisiofilesinSharePointServerwithouthavingtheVisioclientinstalled.
VisioWebAccessWebPart(PN)~AWebPartthatenablesuserstoview(infullfidelity)
andshareVisiofilesinSharePointServerwithouthavingtheVisioclientinstalled.
VisioWorkflowInterchange(PN)~AfileformatthatallowsafilecreatedinVisiotobe
loadedanddisplayedinSharePointDesigner.
vision(n)~Afeaturethatletsausersearchbypointingtheirphoneatbarcodes,text,QR
codes,MicrosoftTags,CDs,DVDs,orbooks.
visionstatement(n)~Aone-ortwo-sentencesummaryoftheprincipleobjectivesofthe
projectwhichcanbeusedbyanyteammembertohelpprioritizeworkandmakeproject
decisions.
VisionSystem(PN)~Thecamera,light,andprojectorsystemsthatareusedtoidentify
thesizeandlocationoftouchinputandgesturesontheSurfaceunit.
visitedhyperlink(n)~AhyperlinkonaWebpagethatasitevisitorhasactivatedbyusing
amousedevice,keyboard,orothertypeofpointingdevice.
Vista~See-WindowsVista.
Vista~formerlycodenamedLonghorn,isthenameofthenextMicrosoftWindows
desktopoperatingsystemreleasetofollowWindowsXP.
visual(n)~Alow-levelgraphicalobjectthatservesastheancestorofmanyuseful
graphicalcomponents.
visualaid(n)~Aguide,suchasasolidoradottedline,thathelpsyouseeemptyor
invisibleelementsandelementswithhiddenborders.
VisualBasic(PN)~AtrademarkednameownedbyMicrosoftCorporationforahigh-
level,visual-programmingversionofBasic.VisualBasicwasdesignedforbuilding
Windows-basedapplications.
VisualBasic2013(PN)~Afamilyofproducts,tools,andtechnologiesthatyoucanuseto
buildpowerful,high-performanceapps.
VisualBasicEditor(PN)~Anenvironmentinwhichyouwritenewandeditexisting
VisualBasicforApplicationscodeandprocedures.TheVisualBasicEditorcontainsa
completedebuggingtoolsetforfindingsyntax,run-time,andlogicproblemsinyourcode.
VisualBasiceXtension(PN)~Asoftwaremodulethat,whencalledbyaVisualBasic
application,producesacontrolthataddssomedesiredfeaturetotheapplication.AVBXis
aseparateexecutablefile,usuallywritteninC,thatisdynamicallylinkedtothe
applicationatruntimeandcanbeusedbyotherapplications,includingsomeapplications
notdevelopedinVisualBasic.AlthoughVBXtechnologywasdevelopedbyMicrosoft,
mostVBXshavebeenwrittenbythird-partydevelopers.VBXsarestillinuse,butthe
technologyhasbeensupersededbyOCXsandActiveXcontrols.
VisualBasicforApplications(n)~Amacro-languageversionofVisualBasicthatisused
toprogrammanyWindowsapplicationsandisincludedwithseveralMicrosoft
applications.
VisualBasicPowerPacks12.0(PN)~VisualBasicPowerPackscontainscontrolsand
libraries,whichareprimarilydesignedtohelpVisualBasicdevelopersbuildgreatVB
applicationsmucheasier.YoucanusethesecontrolsbyopeningToolboxandfindingthe
controlsunderVisualBasicPowerPackscategory.
VisualBasicScriptingEdition(n)~Ascriptinglanguagethatisusedtocreateinteractive
oranimatedcontentfortheInternet,suchasgamesoradvancedfinancialapplications.
VBScriptisbasedonMicrosoftVisualBasicsyntax.
VisualBestBet(PN)~ABestBetthatcancontainrichvisualdata,suchasavideo,
image,orpieceofHTMLcode,inadditiontotextorlinks.
visualbrush(n)~Atilebrushcreatedfromavisualobject.
VisualC#2013(PN)~VisualC#2013ismodern,high-level,multi-paradigm,general-
purposeprogramminglanguageforbuildingappsusingVisualStudioandthe.NET
Framework.C#isdesignedtobesimple,powerful,type-safe,andobject-oriented.The
manyinnovationsinC#enablerapidapplicationdevelopmentwhileretainingthe
expressivenessandeleganceofC-stylelanguages.
VisualC#Compiler(PN)~Command-linecompiler(csc.exe)thatallowsuserstobuild
VisualC#apps.Itproducesexecutable(.exe)files,dynamic-linklibraries(.dll),orcode
modules(.netmodule).
VisualC#CompilerforMicrosoft.NETFramework4.5(PN)~Command-line
compiler(csc.exe)thatallowsuserstobuildVisualC#forprojectsthattargetthe
Microsoft.NETFramework4.5platform.
VisualC++2013(PN)~ApowerfulandflexibleVisualC++languageinVisualStudio,
whichenablesthedevelopmentofnativeWindowsStoreapps,nativedesktopapps,and
managedappsthatrunonthe.NETFramework.
VisualC++RedistributableforVisualStudio(PN)~TheVisualC++Redistributable
PackagesinstallruntimecomponentsofVisualC++librariesthatarerequiredtorun
applicationsdevelopedusingVisualStudioonacomputerthatdoesnothaveVisual
Studioinstalled.Thesepackagesinstallrun-timecomponentsoftheselibraries:CRuntime
(CRT),StandardC++,ATL,MFC,C++AMP,andOpenMP.
visualchallenge(n)~AHIPchallengethatrequiresausertoviewanimageandthentype
asetofcharacterscontainedinthatimage.
visualcue(n)~Apopupwindowortextdisplayedonscreenwhenthecomputerbeepsor
makesothersounds.Thisisanaccessibilityoptionforpeoplewithhearingdisabilities.
VisualDesigner(PN)~AVisio-baseddesignsurfacethatenablesuserstocreateandedit
workflowsvisuallybymanipulatingshapesthatrepresentactionsandconditions.
visualediting(n)~Theabilitytoactivateoreditandembeddedobjectfromwithinan
OLEcontrol.
VisualF#2013(PN)~F#isaprogramminglanguagethatprovidessupportforfunctional
programminginadditiontotraditionalobject-orientedandimperative(procedural)
programming.TheVisualF#productprovidessupportfordevelopingF#applicationsand
extendingother.NETFrameworkapplicationsbyusingF#code.F#isafirst-class
memberofthe.NETFrameworklanguagesandretainsastrongresemblancetotheML
familyoffunctionallanguages.
visualfiltering(n)~Theprocessofapplyingfilterson-the-flybyclickingonelements
withinwidgetsintheAnalyticsarea.
visualinterface(n)~Adisplayformat,likethatofWindows,thatrepresentsaprogram’s
functionswithgraphicimagessuchasbuttonsandicons.GUIsenableausertoperform
operationsandmakechoicesbypointingandclickingwithamouse.
visualmanager(n)~Aclassthatprovidessupportforchangingtheappearanceofan
applicationatagloballevel.
visualobject(n)~Alow-levelgraphicalobjectthatservesastheancestorofmanyuseful
graphicalcomponents.
VisualReports(n)~Amenuitemthatdisplaysoutputforms(inExcelandVisio)that
consumeProjectdatastoredinlocalOLAPcubes.Thereportsarevisual’inthesensethat
theycancontaingraphics
visualsearch(n)~Atypeofsearchthatreturnsricherresultssuchasgraphicsandimages,
helpingyoufindexactlywhatyou’relookingfor,quicklyandeasily.
VisualSourceSafe(PN)~Aprofessionaldocumentsource-controlsystemdevelopedby
Microsoft.
VisualSourceSafetoTeamFoundationServerUpgradeWizard(n)~Awizardwhich
isusedtoupgradeVisualSourceSafetoTeamFoundationServer.Upgradingyourcode
projects,files,versionhistory,labels,anduserinformationfromVisualSourceSafeto
TeamFoundationServer(TFS)orVisualStudioOnlineversioncontrolhasmanybenefits
foryourteam.TFSversioncontrolisamodernversioncontrolsystemthatisfully
integratedwiththesuiteofALMtoolsinVisualStudio2012andTeamFoundationServer.
VisualSourceSafeUpgradeforMicrosoftVisualStudio2013(n)~Anupgradeof
VisualSourceSafesystemforVisualStudio2013.
VisualStudio.NET(n)~Anintegrateddevelopmentenvironmentforhelpingdevelopers
tobuildscalableapplicationsandWebservices.
VisualStudio2010TeamFoundationBuildAgents(n)~Buildagentsareusedto
performtheprocessor-intensiveworkofabuildinordertouseTeamFoundationBuild.
Thebuildagentexecutesthestepsofthebuildprocess.Typically,thesestepsinclude
gettingfilesfromversioncontrol,provisioningtheworkspace,compilingthecode,
runningtests,andmergingfilesbackintoversioncontrol.
VisualStudio2012VisualC++toolset(v110)(n)~AsetoftoolsdesignedforVisual
Studio2012VisualC++.
VisualStudio2012withUpdate2(n)~VisualStudiowithanupdatethat
introduces-newtechnologyimprovements-inagileplanning,qualityenablement,
WindowsandWebdevelopments,line-of-businessdevelopmentanddevelopment
experience.
VisualStudio2013(PN)~VisualStudio2013isafamilyofproducts,tools,and
technologiesthatyoucanusetobuildpowerful,high-performanceapps.Youcancreate
WindowsStoreapps,inadditiontodesktop,web,phone,andgame-consoleapps,inthis
releaseofVisualStudio.
VisualStudio2013ARMCrossToolsCommandPrompt(n)~Acommandpromptthat
isrunintheVisualStudio2013ARMCrossToolsprogram.
VisualStudio2013ARMCrossToolsCommandPromptforWindowsPhone(n)~A
commandpromptthatisrunintheVisualStudio2013ARMCrossToolsprogramforthe
WindowsPhone.
VisualStudio2013ARMPhoneToolsCommandPrompt(n)~Acommandpromptthat
isrunintheVisualStudio2013ARMPhoneToolsprogram.
VisualStudio2013CommandPrompt(n)~AcommandpromptthatisrunintheVisual
Studio2013program.
VisualStudio2013ExpressforWindows(PN)~VisualStudioExpress2013for
Windowsprovidesthecoretoolsthatarerequiredtobuildcompelling,innovative
WindowsStoreapps.
VisualStudio2013ItaniumCrossToolsCommandPrompt(n)~Acommandprompt
thatisrunintheVisualStudio2013ItaniumCrossToolsprogram.
VisualStudio2013ItaniumWin64CommandPrompt(n)~Acommandpromptthatis
runintheVisualStudio2013ItaniumWin64program.
VisualStudio2013Preview(PN)~Thepre-releaseproductnameversionofVisual
Studio2013.
VisualStudio2013RemoteDebuggerDiscovery(n)~TheprocessofdiscoveringVisual
Studio2013RemoteDebugger.
VisualStudio2013Shell(Isolated)application(n)~TheVisualStudioisolatedshell
allowsyoutocreatestand-aloneapplicationsthatcanrunside-by-sidewithotherversions
ofVisualStudio.ItisusedprimarilytohostspecializedtoolsthatcanuseVisualStudio
servicesbutalsohaveacustomizedappearanceandbranding.
VisualStudio2013Shell(Isolated)solution(n)~ThesolutionofVisualStudio2013
Shell(Isolated)thatallowstocreatestand-aloneapplicationsthatcanrunside-by-side
withotherversionsofVisualStudio.
VisualStudio2013ToolsCommandPrompt(n)~Acommandpromptdesignedfor
usingintheVisualStudio2013Toolsprogram.
VisualStudio2013Update4(PN)~Thelatestinacumulativeseriesoffeature
enhancementsandadditionsandbugfixesforVisualStudioreleasedonNovember12,
2014.
VisualStudio2013x86ToolsCommandPromptforWindowsPhone(n)~Acommand
promptthatisrunintheVisualStudio2013x86ToolsprogramfortheWindowsPhone.
VisualStudioCode(PN)~Afreecodeeditorandcross-platformdevelopmenttoolinthe
VisualStudiofamilysupportingOSX,Linux,andWindows,redefinedandoptimizedfor
buildinganddebuggingmodernwebandcloudapplications.
VisualStudioDevelopmentServer(PN)~ThewebserverthatshipswithVisualStudio.
VisualStudioEnterprise(PN)~TheeditionofVisualStudio2015includingallofthe
featuresavailablewiththedevelopmenttoolstobuildmission-criticalenterprisesolutions.
VisualStudioEnterprisewithMSDN(PN)~Atypeofsubscriptionpurchasedbythe
customertargetedtoMSDNsubscriberswithVisualStudioUltimate.
VisualStudioEnterprisewithMSDN(MPN)(PN)~Atypeofsubscriptionpurchased
bythecustomertargetedtoMSDNsubscriberswhoareMPNmemberswithVisualStudio
Ultimate.
VisualStudioExpress2013forWindowsDesktop(PN)~VisualStudioExpress2013
forWindowsDesktopenablesthecreationofdesktopappsinC#,VisualBasic,andC++,
andsupportsWindowsPresentationFoundation(WPF),WindowsForms,andWin32.
VisualStudioGraphicsAnalyzer(PN)~AcustomizedVSenvironmentintheVisual
StudioGraphicsDiagnostics(VSGD)toolsetinVisualStudio2013Update3containing
thenecessarycomponentsforanalyzinggraphicsframesandhelpingdiagnosegraphics
renderingandperformanceissuesinDirectXapps.
VisualStudioGraphicsDebugger(PN)~ThetoolinMicrosoftVisualStudiofor
debuggingshaderprograms.
VisualStudioIndustryPartnerProgram(PN)~Aprogramthatassistspartnersin
building,integrating,andsellingapplications,tools,components,andevenentire
programminglanguageswithVisualStudio2005andVisualStudio2005TeamSystem.
TheVSIPprogramoffersuniquebenefitstoallitsmembers-€”developers,toolsISVs,and
lineofbusinessandinfrastructureISVs.
VisualStudioOnline(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicewhichprovidesanend-to-end,
cloud-basedapplicationlifecyclemanagementsolution.
VisualStudioOnlineApplicationInsights(n)~AVisualStudioAdd-inandaMicrosoft
Azureserviceoftelemetrycollectionformonitoringtheavailability,performance,and
usageofdeployedliveapplications,notnecessarilyMicrosoftAzureapplications,and
diagnosingissuesorexceptionsinwebservicesthroughlogtraces,withoutcode
redeploying.
VisualStudioPlug-in(n)~Aplug-inonadevelopersystem,withwhichyoucanaccess
theactuallineofdefectivesourcecodeviaMicrosoftVisualStudio.NET.
VisualStudioPremium(PN)~VisualStudioPremiumisanintegrateddevelopment
environmentthatincludesadvancedtoolsthatdevelopmentteamscanusetoplan,
develop,test,andoperateapplications.
VisualStudioPremium2013(PN)~Anenvironmentconsistingofpowerfultoolsfor
teamscollaboratingindevelopingappsforPCs,mobile,andthecloud.
VisualStudioPremiumwithMSDN(PN)~TheMSDNsubscriptionwithVisualStudio
PremiumandMicrosoftAzurecreditsamongotherbenefits.
VisualStudioProfessional2013(PN)~VisualStudioProfessional2013canhelpyou
createapplicationsthathaveinnovativeuserexperiencesthatdelightyourcustomers.The
integratedenvironmentmakescomplextaskseasiersothatyoucanfocusonachieving
yourgoals.ByusingVisualStudioProfessional2013,youcandeliverqualityapplications
onWindows,Office,WindowsPhone,theweb,orthecloud.Whenyoucombineitwith
Windows8.1,you’llbeabletobuildWindowsStoreapps.
VisualStudioProfessionalwithMSDN(PN)~TheMSDNsubscriptionwithVisual
StudioProfessionalandMicrosoftAzurecreditsamongotherbenefits.
VisualStudioRemoteDebuggingConfigurationWizard(n)~Awizardenablingyouto
configuretheprocessofaremotedebugginginVisualStudio.
VisualStudioTeamExplorer(PN)~TeamExploreristheclientsoftwarethatyouuseto
accessVisualStudioTeamFoundationServer2013functionalityfromVisualStudio.
VisualStudioTeamFoundationBackgroundJobAgentservice(PN)~TheVisual
StudioTeamFoundationBackgroundJobAgentserviceprovidesageneralscheduling
mechanismforWebservicesandjobsforTeamFoundation.ThisWindowsserviceisalso
usedtorunthetasksspawnedbyvariouswizards,suchastheNewTeamProjectwizard
andCreateaTeamProjectCollectionwizard.Theserviceusestheserviceaccountfor
TeamFoundationServer(TFS),referredtoasTFSService.Theservicerunsonanyserver
thatisrunningaWebserviceorWebapplicationinthelogicalapplicationtierforTeam
Foundation.Tooperatecorrectly,theserviceaccountfortheTeamFoundation
BackgroundJobAgentservicemusthavethepermissionsrequiredforthetasksthatit
performs.
VisualStudioTeamFoundationServerExpress(PN)~VisualStudioTeamFoundation
ServerExpressisasource-code-control,project-management,andteam-collaboration
platformatthecoreoftheMicrosoftsuiteofApplicationLifecycleManagement(ALM)
tools,whichhelpindividualsandsmallteamsbemoreagile,collaboratemoreeffectively,
anddeliverqualitysoftwaremoreconsistently.
VisualStudioTestAgentInstallerservice(PN)~Theservicewhichenablesyouto
performaninstallationofatestagent.Youinstallatestagentoneachofthecomputers
thatarerunningcomponentsofthesystemundertest.
VisualStudioTestProwithMSDN(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureofferforVisualStudio
TestProfessionalwithanMSDNsubscription.
VisualStudioTestProfessional2013(PN)~VersionofVisualStudio2013integrates
testersandotherstakeholdersintothedevelopmentworkflowtoenablein-context
collaborationwithdevelopers.
VisualStudioTestProfessional2013DVD(PN)~ADVDdiskonwhichtheprogramof
VisualStudioTestProfessional2013issavedandstored.
VisualStudioTools(PN)~ThetoolsofVisualStudiodesignedfordevelopersfor
inspectingthecode,creatingapplicationsetc.
VisualStudioToolsforApplications(n)~AfamilyofMicrosoftVisualStudioadd-in
softwarethatallowsdeveloperstouseVisualBasicandVisualC#todevelopand
customizeapplicationsbuiltontheMicrosoft.NETFramework.
VisualStudioToolsforMicrosoftOffice(PN)~AfamilyofMicrosoftVisualStudio
add-insoftwarethatallowsdeveloperstouseVisualBasicandVisualC#towritecode
behindWord-andExcel-basedapplications.
VisualStudioToolsforOffice(n)~Asetofdevelopmenttoolsavailableintheformofa
VisualStudioadd-in(projecttemplates)andaruntimethatallowsMicrosoftOffice2003
andlaterversionsofOfficeapplicationstohostthe.NETFrameworkCommonLanguage
Runtime(CLR)toexposetheirfunctionalityvia.NET.
VisualStudioUltimate(PN)~VisualStudioUltimateisthestate-of-the-artdevelopment
solutionthatempowersteamsofallsizestodesignandcreatecompellingappstodelight
users.
VisualStudioUltimate2013(PN)~VisualStudioUltimate2013isthestate-of-the-art
developmentsolutionthatempowersteamsofallsizestodesignandcreatecompelling
appstodelightusers.
VisualStudioUltimatewithMSDN(PN)~TheMSDNsubscriptionwithVisualStudio
UltimateandMicrosoftAzurecreditsamongotherbenefits.
VisualStudioUserControlTestContainer(PN)~ContainerprovidedbyVisualStudio
thatallowstotestrun-timebehaviorofUserControlclassesinafastandeasyway.This
testcontainerstartsdirectlyfromtheuser’sWindowscontrollibraryproject.
VisualStyles(n)~Thevisualguidesthatappearinadocumenttoshowtheuserwhere
styleformatshavebeenapplied.
visualtotal(n)~Adisplayed,aggregatedcellvalueforadimensionmemberthatis
consistentwiththedisplayedcellvaluesforitsdisplayedchildren.
visualtree(n)~InWindowsPresentationFoundation,theelementtreecontainingall
visualelements(elementsthatderivefromthetypeSystem.Windows.Media.Visual)used
forapieceoftheuserinterface.Thistreeistheaccumulationofallvisualelements
createddirectlybytheapplication(whetherincodeorinmarkup)andallvisualelements
createdbythetemplateexpansionofelementssuchascontrolsanddataobjects.
visualupgrade(n)~Afeaturethatenableslow-impactupgradesbyallowingusersor
administratorstohavemorecontroloverwhentheUItransitionsfromoneversiontothe
next.
visualvoicemail(n)~Afeaturethatallowsausertoseeandplaytheirvoicemail
messagesfromalist,insteadofcallingvoicemailtogettheirmessages.
visualization(n)~InWindowsMediaPlayer,agraphicaldisplaythatchangesinresponse
totheaudiosignal.
visualization(n)~Afeatureofanapplicationthatdisplaysdataintheformofanimage,
diagram,oranimation.Forexample,somedatabasescaninterpretandshowdatainthe
formofatwo-orthree-dimensionalmodel.
visualizer(n)~AcomponentoftheVisualStudiodebuggeruserinterfacethatcreatesa
dialogboxorotherinterfacetodisplaysavariableorobjectinameaningfulwaythatis
appropriatetoitsdatatype.Forexample,anHTMLvisualizerinterpretsanHTMLstring
anddisplaystheresultasitwouldappearinabrowserwindow,abitmapvisualizer
interpretsabitmapstructureanddisplaysthegraphicitrepresents,andsoon.Some
visualizersallowyoutoeditaswellasviewthedata.
visualizer(n)~Awaytovisuallyrepresentdataindebugmode.
VLAN(n)~Alogicalgroupingofhostsononeormorelocalareanetworks(LANs)that
allowscommunicationtooccurbetweenhostsasiftheywereonthesamephysicalLAN.
VLANTrunkmode(n)~Trunkmodeprovidesnetworkservicesornetworkappliances
onaVMwiththeabilitytoseetrafficfrommultipleVLANs;aswitchportreceivestraffic
fromallVLANsthatyouconfigureinanallowedVLANlistorthroughaVMconnection.
VLDB(n)~Adatabasethathasbecomelargeenoughtobeamanagementchallenge,
requiringextraattentiontopeople,processes,andprocesses.
VM(n)~Asoftwareimplementationofacomputerthatemulatesacompletehardware
system,fromprocessortonetworkcard,inaself-contained,isolatedsoftware
environment,enablingthesimultaneousoperationofotherwiseincompatibleoperating
systems.
VMrole(n)~Acloudservicerolethatprovidesacustomer-customizablevirtualmachine
image.
VMBus(n)~AcommunicationslineusedinHyper-Vbyvirtualmachinesandcertain
typesofvirtualdevices.Thevirtualdevicesthatusevirtualmachinebushavebeen
optimizedforuseinvirtualmachines.
VML(n)~AnXML-basedspecificationfortheexchange,editing,anddeliveryof2-D
vectorgraphicsontheWeb.AnapplicationofXML(ExtensibleMarkupLanguage),VML
usesXMLtagsandCascadingStyleSheetstocreateandplacevectorgraphics,suchas
circlesandsquares,inanXMLorHTMLdocument,suchasaWebpage.Thesegraphics,
whicharerenderedinthenativeoperatingsystem,canincludecolorandareeditableina
varietyofgraphicsprograms.
VMMservicetemplate(n)~Atemplate,alsocalledavirtualmachinetemplate,that
representsasetofvirtualmachinesthatareworkingtogethertoprovideatoolforthe
customer.
VMQ(PN)~Afeaturethatuseshardwarepacketfilteringtodeliverpacketdatafroman
externalvirtualmachinenetworkdirectlytovirtualmachines,whichreducestheoverhead
ofroutingpacketsandcopyingthemfromthemanagementoperatingsystemtothevirtual
machine.
VMRC(n)~AfeatureofVirtualServerthatallowsarunningvirtualmachinetobe
managedremotely.
vocabulary(n)~Acollectionofdefinitionsconsistingoffriendlynamesforthefactsused
inruleconditionsandactions.Vocabularydefinitionsmaketheruleseasiertoread,
understand,andsharebypeopleinaparticularbusinessdomain.
vocabulary(n)~Asetofrelatedtermsusedtoexpressconceptsinatechnicalapplication.
Vocal(n)~OneofthemusicgenresthatappearsunderGenreclassificationinWindows
MediaPlayerlibrary.BasedonID3standardtaggingformatforMP3audiofiles.ID3v1
genreID#28.
VOD(n)~Atechnologythatincludessystems,services,andstandardsfortheinteractive
deliveryofstreamingvideotomultimediaclientssuchasdigitalset-topboxes.
voicecall(n)~Atelephonecallwherethehumanvoice,ratherthandataorvideo,is
transmitted(thatis,anordinarytelephonecall).
voicecall(n)~ASkypecallwhereonlyaudioisused(withoutvideo).
voiceclient(n)~AclientthatsupportsVoIP.
voiceclip(n)~Afile,similartoavideoclip,thatcontainsashortaudiosegmentthata
userrecordstosendtoacontact.Theclipappearsinthecontact’sconversationwindow
andplaysautomatically.
voicecommand(n)~Aspokencommandthatcontrolsaprogramorcomputeroperation
throughspeechrecognitiontechnology.
voicecommandmode(n)~Aspeechmodethatyoucanusetogivecommandstoa
program.
voicecomment(n)~Arecordingthatisattachedtoyourdocument.
voiceconnection(n)~Theconnectiononyourphonethatallowsyoutomakephonecalls.
voicegrade~Thetermappliedtochannelsusedprimarilyforspeechtransmission,
generallywithafrequencyrangeofabout300to3,000cyclespersecond(hertz.)Voice
Gradechannelsmaybeusedtosendanalogordigitaldataorfacsimile.
voiceinput(n)~Spokeninstructionsthatacomputertranslatesintoexecutablecommands
usingspeechrecognitiontechnologyorthatareembeddedintodocumentswiththeaidof
amicrophone.
voicemail(n)~Asystemthatrecordsandstorestelephonemessagesinausermailbox.
voicemailsystem(n)~Asystemthatrecordsandstorestelephonemessagesinauser
mailbox.
voicemessage(n)~Anelectronicmessagewithaprimarycontentofdigitizedaudio.
voicemessage(n)~Amessagerecordedforacontactwhodidn’tansweracall.
voicemessageoriginator(n)~Ane-mailaddressthatisusedoncallansweringmessages.
ThevoicemessageoriginatorisusedastheFrom’fieldforUnifiedMessagingmessages
andistheaddresstowhichnon-deliveryreports(NDRs)aresent.’
voicemessaging(n)~Asystemthatsendsandreceivesmessagesintheformofsound
recordings.
voicenavigation(n)~Afeaturethatprovidesturn-by-turnaudiodirectionsreadoutloud
touserstogotoagivendestination.
voicenote(n)~Anotethatcontainsrecordedinformation.
VoiceoverInternetProtocol(n)~TheuseoftheInternetProtocol(IP)fortransmitting
voicecommunications.VoIPdeliversdigitizedaudioinpacketformandcanbeusedto
transmitoverintranets,extranets,andtheInternet.Itisessentiallyaninexpensive
alternativetotraditionaltelephonecommunicationoverthecircuit-switchedPublic
SwitchedTelephoneNetwork(PSTN).VoIPcoverscomputer-to-computer,computer-to-
telephone,andtelephone-basedcommunications.Forthesakeofcompatibilityand
interoperability,agroupcalledtheVoIPForumpromotesproductdevelopmentbasedon
theITU-TH.323standardtotransmitmultimediaovertheInternet.
VoiceoverIP(n)~TheuseoftheInternetProtocol(IP)fortransmittingvoice
communications.VoIPdeliversdigitizedaudioinpacketformandcanbeusedtotransmit
overintranets,extranets,andtheInternet.Itisessentiallyaninexpensivealternativeto
traditionaltelephonecommunicationoverthecircuit-switchedPublicSwitchedTelephone
Network(PSTN).VoIPcoverscomputer-to-computer,computer-to-telephone,and
telephone-basedcommunications.Forthesakeofcompatibilityandinteroperability,a
groupcalledtheVoIPForumpromotesproductdevelopmentbasedontheITU-TH.323
standardtotransmitmultimediaovertheInternet.
voicepolicies(n)~Definethefollowingforeachuser,site,ororganizationthatisassigned
thepolicy:Asetofcallingfeaturesthatcanbeenabledordisabledtodeterminethe
EnterpriseVoicefunctionalitythatisavailabletousers.Also,asetofPSTNusagerecords
thatdefinewhattypesofcallsareauthorized.
voiceprofile(n)~Informationaboutyourspecificspeakingstyleandenvironmentthat
helpsSpeechRecognitiontobetterunderstandthecommandsyousay.
voicerecognition(n)~Theabilitytointerpretvocalcommandsorconvertspokenwords
intocomputer-readabletext.Speechrecognitionprogramsenableyoutocontrolan
applicationorentertextbyspeakingintoamicrophone,ratherthanbyusingakeyboard.
VoiceRecorder(PN)~Anapp-usedtorecordsoundswiththedevice’smicrophoneand
torecordphonecalls.
voiceroaming(n)~Aphonecallmadeinaroamingarea.Generallymakingphonecalls
orusingyourdataconnectionwhenthephoneisroamingismoreexpensive,andtheuser
willbechargedadditionalfeesforvoiceroamingcalls.
voiceroute(n)~AroutethatcontainsinstructionsthattellLyncServerhowtoroutecalls
fromEnterpriseVoiceuserstophonenumbersonthepublicswitchedtelephonenetwork
(PSTN),oraprivatebranchexchange(PBX).
voiceshortcut(n)~Avoicecommandthatcanbeexecutedbytheuseratanytimeand
performsanactionthattypicallysavesalotofclicks.
voicetag(n)~Asoundtheuserrecordstoassociatewithatelephonenumber.
VoiceUserInterface(n)~AninterfacethatisusedtonavigatethemenusofaUnified
Messaging(UM)systemusingspeechinputs.
voiceband~Avoicegradebandwidthtypicallyspanningbetween300and3300Hz.
voicemail(n)~Asystemthatrecordsandstorestelephonemessagesinausermailbox.
voicemail(n)~Atelephonemessagedeliveredtoavoicemailsystem.
Voicemail~Avoicemessagerecordedonacomputerandsenttoaspecificpersonbythe
computerortelephonesystem.Ineffectamoresophisticatedtelephoneanswering
machine.
voiceprint(n)~Usedinbiometricauthenticationtomapthecharacteristicsofan
individual’svoice,suchaspitchandrhythm,anduseittoverifytheiridentity.
void(v)~Toprohibittheuseofadocumentasacontract.
VoIP(n)~TheuseoftheInternetProtocol(IP)fortransmittingvoicecommunications.
VoIPdeliversdigitizedaudioinpacketformandcanbeusedtotransmitoverintranets,
extranets,andtheInternet.Itisessentiallyaninexpensivealternativetotraditional
telephonecommunicationoverthecircuit-switchedPublicSwitchedTelephoneNetwork
(PSTN).VoIPcoverscomputer-to-computer,computer-to-telephone,andtelephone-based
communications.Forthesakeofcompatibilityandinteroperability,agroupcalledthe
VoIPForumpromotesproductdevelopmentbasedontheITU-TH.323standardto
transmitmultimediaovertheInternet.
VOIP~(VoiceOverInternetProtocol)-Asystemformakingcheapphonecallsoverthe
internetinsteadofviathetelephonesystem.
VoIPgateway(n)~Acomputerdevicethatconvertsbetweencircuitswitchtelephony
protocolsandVoIPprotocols.
VOIP-enabledLiveMeetingtrialconferencecentersession(n)~ALiveMeeting
sessionconductedusingVoIPtotransmitdataandconductedonaLiveMeeting
conferencecenteraccessedwithatrialaccount.
volatilememory(n)~Memoryusedbyaprogramthatcanchangeindependentlyofthe
program,suchasmemorysharedbyanotherprogramorbyaninterruptserviceroutine.
volatilememory(n)~Memory,suchasRAM,thatlosesitsdatawhenthepowerisshut
off.
volume(n)~Theloudnessofanaudiosignal.
volume(n)~Anareaofstorageonaharddisk.Avolumeisformattedbyusingafile
system,suchasNTFS,andhasadriveletterassignedtoit.Asingleharddiskcanhave
multiplevolumes.Somevolumescanspanmultipleharddisks.
volumeactivation(n)~Theactivationoflargenumbersofsoftwarelicenses.
VolumeActivationManagementTool(PN)~AnMMCsnap-inthatenablesIT
professionalstoautomateandcentrallymanagetheWindowsandMicrosoftOffice
volumeandretailactivationprocess.VAMTcanmanagevolumeactivationbyusing
MultipleActivationKeys(MAKs)ortheWindowsKeyManagementService(KMS).
VolumeActivationServices(PN)~AserverroleinWindowsServerthatenablesusersto
automateandsimplifytheissuanceandmanagementofMicrosoftsoftwarevolume
licensesforavarietyofscenariosandenvironments.WithVolumeActivationServices,
youcaninstallandconfiguretheKeyManagementService(KMS)andenableActive
Directory-basedActivation.
volumebitmap(n)~Astoredreference(whichmayexistbothonhierarchicaldirectory
volumesandinmemory)toeverypieceofdatathatisintheallocationblocksand
indicateswhethertheblockisallocatedorfreeforuse.
volumecontrolblock(n)~Anopaquestructureinwhichafilesystemmaintainsstate
informationaboutamountedvolume.
volumecontrolbutton(n)~Ahardwarebuttonthatincreasesanddecreasesthesound
volume.
volumediscount(n)~Theamountsubtractedfromtheunitofaproductorservicebased
onthevolumepurchased.
volumeimage(n)~AsingleWindowsimageinaWindowsimage(.wim)file.
volumeleveling(n)~Theprocessofautomaticallyincreasingordecreasingthevolume
duringplaybacktomakeallaudiocontentsoundsimilarwithrespecttovolumelevels.
Volumelevelingmaychangetheoriginaldynamicrangeofthecontent.
volumelicense(n)~Alicenseformthatallowsmultipleinstallationsofaparticular
product.
volumelicensekey(n)~AproductkeythatisprovidedtoMicrosoftcustomerswho
chooseaMicrosoftVolumeLicensingprogramfortheirorganizationsandthatallows
multipleinstallationsofaparticularproduct.Thekeyisassignedtoacompanyor
institutionintendedfortheirsoleuseandonlyfordistributiontoemployeesorthird
partieswhoareauthorizedtoinstallanddistributelicensespursuanttothetermsoftheir
licenseagreement.
volumelicenseproductkey(n)~AproductkeythatisprovidedtoMicrosoftcustomers
whochooseaMicrosoftVolumeLicensingprogramfortheirorganizationsandthatallows
multipleinstallationsofaparticularproduct.Thekeyisassignedtoacompanyor
institutionintendedfortheirsoleuseandonlyfordistributiontoemployeesorthird
partieswhoareauthorizedtoinstallanddistributelicensespursuanttothetermsoftheir
licenseagreement.
volumemapcontrolblock(n)~Anopaquestructurethatstoresvirtualblocknumber
(VBN)tologicalblocknumber(LBN)mappingsforanavolumefileofafilesystem.
volumemasterkey(n)~Anadvancedencryptionstandard(AES)256-bitkeythatisused
byBitLockerDriveEncryptiontoencryptthefullvolumeencryptionkey.Thereisonly
onevolumemasterkeypervolume.
volumemountpoint(n)~Apointofaccesstoavolume(ormultiplevolumes)thatusers
andapplicationscanusetounifydisparatefilesystemsintoonelogicalsystem.
volumeserialnumber(n)~Theoptionalidentifyingvolumenumberofadiskortape.
MS-DOSsystemsusethetermvolumeserialnumber.AppleMacintoshsystemsusethe
termvolumereferencenumber.Avolumeserialnumberisnotthesameasavolumelabel
orvolumename.Comparevolumelabel.
volumeset(n)~Avolumethatconsistsofdiskspaceononeormorephysicaldisks.A
volumesetiscreatedbyusingbasicdisksandissupportedonlyinWindowsNT4.0or
earlier.Volumesetswerereplacedbyspannedvolumes,whichusedynamicdisks.
VolumeShadowCopyService(n)~AWindowsServer2003technologythatsupports
creationofsinglepoint-in-timeshadowcopies-alsoknownassnapshots-ofsingleor
multiplevolumeswithoutimpactingfileserverperformance.VolumeShadowCopy
Servicealsosupportsbackupsofopenfiles.
volumesnapshot(n)~Asnapshotofavolumethatismadeataspecificpointintime.
volumesnapshotdevice(n)~AvirtualdevicecreatedbySystemRestorethatisneededto
setasystemrestorepoint.
volume-levelingvalue(n)~AvaluethatisincludedwithWindowsMediaFormat(WMF)
orMP3formatfilesthatallowsvolumelevelingtowork.
voucher(n)~Arecordofavendortransaction,includingthevendor’snameandaddress,
descriptionofgoodsorservicesreceived,documentnumber,termsofpayment,duedate
andamountdue.
vouchernumber(n)~Auniqueidentifierforatransactionorgroupoftransactions.
VpB(oth)~AcorporationtaxintheNetherlands.
VPN(n)~Theextensionofaprivatenetworkthatencompassesencapsulated,encrypted,
andauthenticatedlinksacrosssharedorpublicnetworks.VPNconnectionstypically
provideremoteaccessandrouter-to-routerconnectionstoprivatenetworksoverthe
Internet.
VPNclient(n)~AcomputerthatinitiatesaVPNconnectiontoaVPNserver.AVPN
clientcanbeanindividualcomputerthatobtainsaremoteaccessVPNconnectionora
routerthatobtainsarouter-to-routerVPNconnection.
VPNdevice(n)~Adevicethatisconfiguredforavirtualprivatenetwork.
VPNGateway(PN)~Aservicethatallowon-premisesnetworkstobesecurelyconnected
throughsite-to-siteVPNstoAzureusingindustrystandardprotocolsIPsecandIKE.
VPNquarantine(n)~Anetworkwhereclientsthatdonotconformtospecificcriteriaare
placed.
VPNReconnect(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatenablesyourPCtomaintainapersistent
VPNconnectionacrossnetworkchanges.
VPNserver(n)~Acomputerthatacceptsvirtualprivatenetwork(VPN)connectionsfrom
VPNclients.AVPNservercanprovidearemoteaccessVPNconnectionorarouter-to-
routerVPNconnection.
v-root(n)~TherootdirectorythatauserseeswhenconnectedtoanInternetserver,such
asanHTTPorFTPserver.Thevirtualrootisactuallyapointertothephysicalroot
directory,whichmaybeinadifferentlocation,suchasonanotherserver.Theadvantages
ofusingavirtualrootincludebeingabletocreateasimpleURLfortheInternetsiteandto
movetherootdirectorywithoutaffectingtheURL.
VS2013Shell(PN)~AsolutionwhichallowsyoutocreateyourownVisualStudio-based
applicationineitherintegratedorisolatedmode.Inintegratedmode,manyVisualStudio
featuresareavailableinadditiontoyourapplication.Intheisolatedmode,youchoosea
subsetofVisualStudiofeaturesthatyouwishtodistributealongwithyourownextension.
VSEnterprise(PN)~TheeditionofVisualStudio2015includingallofthefeatures
availablewiththedevelopmenttoolstobuildmission-criticalenterprisesolutions.
VSEnterprise2015(PN)~TheeditionofVisualStudio2015includingallofthefeatures
availablewiththedevelopmenttoolstobuildmission-criticalenterprisesolutions.
VSExpress2013forWeb(PN)~VisualStudioExpress2013forWebprovidesthecore
toolsforcreatingcompelling,innovativewebapplicationsandservices.
VSExpress2013forWindows(PN)~VisualStudioExpress2013forWindowsprovides
thecoretoolsthatarerequiredtobuildcompelling,innovativeWindowsStoreapps.
VSExpress2013forWindowsDesktop(PN)~VisualStudioExpress2013forWindows
DesktopenablesthecreationofdesktopappsinC#,VisualBasic,andC++,andsupports
WindowsPresentationFoundation(WPF),WindowsForms,andWin32.
VSExpressforDesktop(PN)~VisualStudioExpress2013forWindowsDesktop
enablesthecreationofdesktopappsinC#,VisualBasic,andC++,andsupportsWindows
PresentationFoundation(WPF),WindowsForms,andWin32.
VSExpressforWeb(PN)~VisualStudioExpressforWebprovidesthecoretoolsfor
creatingcompelling,innovativewebapplicationsandservices.
VSExpressforWindows(PN)~VisualStudioExpress2013forWindowsprovidesthe
coretoolsthatarerequiredtobuildcompelling,innovativeWindowsStoreapps.
VSExpressforWindowsPhone(PN)~VisualStudioExpressEditionthatworksasan
add-intoVisualStudioProfessional,PremiumorUltimateeditions.TheWindowsPhone
SDKprovidesalsoastand-aloneVisualStudioExpressforWindowsPhone.Itconsistsof
adesigner,phoneemulator,andtheassetstobuildappsandgamesforWindowsPhone.
VSPremium2013(PN)~Anenvironmentconsistingofpowerfultoolsforteams
collaboratingindevelopingappsforPCs,mobile,andthecloud.
VSProfessional2013(PN)~VisualStudioProfessional2013canhelpyoucreate
applicationsthathaveinnovativeuserexperiencesthatdelightyourcustomers.The
integratedenvironmentmakescomplextaskseasiersothatyoucanfocusonachieving
yourgoals.ByusingVisualStudioProfessional2013,youcandeliverqualityapplications
onWindows,Office,WindowsPhone,theweb,orthecloud.Whenyoucombineitwith
Windows8.1,you’llbeabletobuildWindowsStoreapps.
VSUltimate2013(PN)~VisualStudioUltimate2013isthestate-of-the-artdevelopment
solutionthatempowersteamsofallsizestodesignandcreatecompellingappstodelight
users.
VS2013ARMCrossToolsCommandPrompt(PN)~Acommandpromptthatisrunin
theVisualStudio2013ARMCrossToolsprogram.
VS2013CrossToolsCommandPrompt(n)~Acommandpromptthatisruninthe
VS2013CrossToolsprogram.
VS2013NativeToolsCommandPrompt(n)~Acommandpromptthatisruninthe
VS2013NativeToolsprogram.
VSAPI(n)~Avirus-scanningAPIthatisusedbythird-partyantivirusserviceprovidersto
protectcomputersthathavetheExchangeServer2007Mailboxserverroleinstalled.
VSCode(PN)~Afreecodeeditorandcross-platformdevelopmenttoolintheVisual
StudiofamilysupportingOSX,Linux,andWindows,redefinedandoptimizedforbuilding
anddebuggingmodernwebandcloudapplications.
VSGA(PN)~AcustomizedVSenvironmentintheVisualStudioGraphicsDiagnostics
(VSGD)toolsetinVisualStudio2013Update3containingthenecessarycomponentsfor
analyzinggraphicsframesandhelpingdiagnosegraphicsrenderingandperformance
issuesinDirectXapps.
VSIPProgram(PN)~Aprogramthatassistspartnersinbuilding,integrating,andselling
applications,tools,components,andevenentireprogramminglanguageswithVisual
Studio2005andVisualStudio2005TeamSystem.TheVSIPprogramoffersunique
benefitstoallitsmembers-€”developers,toolsISVs,andlineofbusinessand
infrastructureISVs.
VSS(n)~AWindowsServer2003technologythatsupportscreationofsinglepoint-in-
timeshadowcopies-alsoknownassnapshots-ofsingleormultiplevolumeswithout
impactingfileserverperformance.VolumeShadowCopyServicealsosupportsbackups
ofopenfiles.
VSSexpresswriter(n)~Aschemeforapplicationstoonlyidentifytheircomponents
requiringtobebackedupwithoutthenecessityofcreatingafullVSSwriter.
VSSUpgradeWizard(n)~AwizardwhichisusedtoupgradeVisualSourceSafeto
TeamFoundationServer.Upgradingyourcodeprojects,files,versionhistory,labels,and
userinformationfromVisualSourceSafetoTeamFoundationServer(TFS)orVisual
StudioOnlineversioncontrolhasmanybenefitsforyourteam.TFSversioncontrolisa
modernversioncontrolsystemthatisfullyintegratedwiththesuiteofALMtoolsin
VisualStudio2012andTeamFoundationServer.
VSSwriter(n)~AcomponentwithinanapplicationthatinterfaceswiththeVSSplatform
infrastructureduringbackupstoensurethatapplicationdataisreadyforshadowcopy
creation.
VSTA(n)~AfamilyofMicrosoftVisualStudioadd-insoftwarethatallowsdevelopersto
useVisualBasicandVisualC#todevelopandcustomizeapplicationsbuiltonthe
Microsoft.NETFramework.
VSTO(PN)~AsetofdevelopmenttoolsavailableintheformofaVisualStudioadd-in
(projecttemplates)andaruntimethatallowsMicrosoftOffice2003andlaterversionsof
Officeapplicationstohostthe.NETFrameworkCommonLanguageRuntime(CLR)to
exposetheirfunctionalityvia.NET.
VTBL(oth)~Atableoffunctionpointers,suchasanimplementationofaclass.The
pointersintheVTBLpointtothemembersoftheinterfacesthatanobjectsupports.
Vtunnel~WebproxysupportingSSLviatheHTTPSencryptionprotocol.,a
href=‘http://www.vtunnel.com/’>http://www.vtunnel.com/
VUI(n)~AninterfacethatisusedtonavigatethemenusofaUnifiedMessaging(UM)
systemusingspeechinputs.
vulnerability(n)~Anyweakness,administrativeprocessoract,orphysicalexposurethat
makesacomputersusceptibletoexploitbyathreat.
W~
W3(n)~Asetofinterlinkeddocumentsinahypertextsystem.Theuserenterstheweb
throughahomepage.
W3C(n)~Aconsortiumofcommercialandeducationalinstitutionsthatoverseesresearch
andpromotesstandardsinallareasrelatedtotheWorldWideWeb.
W3C~(WorldWideWebConsortium)-Aninfluentialgroupofinterestedpartieswho
agreewhatisandisn’tofficial-HTML.OriginallyWWWC,butW3Cisaloteasiertosay.
W9(n)~AnofficialformissuedbytheUSInternalRevenueServicethatisusedto
provideapayee’staxationidentificationnumbertoapayer.
WAF(n)~Anappliance,serverplugin,orfilterthatappliesasetofrulestoanHTTP
conversationtoidentifyandblockcommonattackstowebapplications.
waitcondition(n)~Aworkflowconditionthatenablesaworkflowtoblockitsown
execution.
waitingcall(n)~Anewcall(i.e.,acallthathasnotyetbeenaccepted)oracallreturned
fromapriortransfer.Afteratimeout,unsuccessfullyconnectedtransferredcallsarelisted
againaswaitingcalls.
WaitingforCall(n)~AtelephonysignalthatNetworkConnectionshasputthemodemin
Listenmodeandiswaitingforincomingcalls.
waitingthread(n)~Athreadwhoseexecutionisblockedwhilewaitingforawait
functiontoreturn.
waivecharge(v)~Towithdrawtheinterestorfeesoriginallyowedbyaparty.
WakeOnLAN(PN)~Thetechnologythatallowsaremotenetworkdevice(eitherona
wiredorwirelessnetwork)toremotelycauseahostPCtowakefromasleepstatesothat
itcanprovidesomeservicetothatremotedevice.
wake-uppacket(n)~ApacketthatissentbyaConfigurationManagerprimarysite
servertobringcomputersoutofasleepstatesothattheycanperformamanagement
function,suchasinstallingamandatorysoftwareupdate.
wall(n)~AnareainMicrosoftDynamicsCRMwhereinformationisdisplayedaboutthe
userandtherecordsthattheuserfollows.
wallreferenceline(n)~Thelinethatextendsfromthewallbeginpointtothewall
endpoint.Althoughthewallreferencelineistypicallycenteredonthewalloralignedwith
oneedgeofthewall,youcanlocateitanydistanceyouwantfromthewall.
Wallet(PN)~ThefeatureonWindowsPhonewhereapersoncanaddcreditcardsthatcan
beusedtopurchasethingsthroughtheStoreorforin-apppurchases.Dependingonthe
phone,locale,andOEM,ifusersaddcreditcardstoWallet,theywillalsobeabletopay
forthingswiththeirphonesusingNFC.TheWalletcanalsobeusedtosavecoupons’that
theusermayreceivefrombusinesses.’
walletcard(n)~Thewalletcardworksbyprovidingyourmostimportantmedical
informationifyouareinneedofcriticalcareinsideoroutsideamedicalfacility.
wallpaper(n)~InagraphicaluserinterfacesuchasWindows,apatternorpictureinthe
screenbackgroundthatcanbechosenbytheuser.
wallpaper(n)~InagraphicaluserinterfacesuchasWindows,apatternorpictureinthe
screenbackgroundthatcanbechosenbytheuser.
Wallpaper~ApictureormotifonyourWindowsdesktop.TochangetheWindows
wallpaperright-clickanywhereonthedesktop,selectPropertiesfromthepop-upmenu,
choosetheDesktoptabandselectanewentryfromthelistunderBackground.Toadd
picturesofyourowntothelist,savethemas.bmp(bitmap)filesandputtheminyour
Windowsfolder.
Wallpaper&lockscreens(PN)~ThePersonalizationsubcategorycontainingappswith
specialwallpaperandlockscreensforyourPCandphone.
wall-time(n)~Thetotaltimetakenbyacomputertocompleteataskwhichisthesumof
CPUtime,I/Otime,andthecommunicationchanneldelay.
WAMS(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzureservicethatallowsyoutocreateworkflowsforthe
creation,management,anddistributionofdigitalmedia.
WAN(n)~Acommunicationsnetworkconnectinggeographicallyseparatedcomputers,
printers,andotherdevices.AWANenablesanyconnecteddevicetointeractwithany
otheronthenetwork.
WAN~(WideAreaNetwork)-Asortofgroupofnetworks,ormoreproperly-LANs,
connectedtogether.
WAP(n)~AstandardprotocolforprovidingInternetcommunicationsandadvanced
telephonyservicesonphones,pagers,PDAs,andotherwirelessterminals.
WAP~(WirelessApplicationProtocol;pr.‘wapp’or‘wopp’)Asystemtoenableearly
mobilephonestobrowsetheWorldWideWeb.Inpractisethesitehastobespecially
designedandtextonly,andonlyaveryfewsiteshavebothered.Nowlargelyobsolete,as
smartphonescandisplaytheoriginalsitesprettywell.
WAPConnection(PN)~AnoptionthatallowstheusertospecifyhowtheWireless
ApplicationProtocolconnectionwillbehandledbythedevice.
WAPgateway(n)~Asoftwareusuallyonamobileoperator’snetworkthatconverts
desktopwebpagestoamobileformat.Helpfulforolderphonemodelsthatcan’trenderthe
fulldesktoppage.
warehouse(n)~Abuildingorstructurewherematerialsorgoodsarestoredonaninterim
basisuntiltheyaretransferredtotheirdestination.
warez~Generaltermusedtodescribecracks,patches,keys,keygeneratorsorother
methodsthatallowsoftwareapplicationstobeusedwithoutpayingalicensefee,i.e.
illegalpiratesoftware.
warm(n)~Pertainingtotheintermediateratingofperceivedinterestthatanaccount,
opportunity,orleadhasaboutaproductorservice.
warmboot(n)~Therestartingofarunningcomputerwithoutfirstturningoffthepower.
WarmBoot~Rebootingthesystembyusingasoftwarecommandratherthanturningthe
poweroff,thenon.Thesystemisresetbutpowerisneverinterrupted
warmlatency(n)~Thetimetocreateanewworkflowinstancewhentheworkflowtype
hasalreadybeencompiled.
warmstandby(adj)~Amethodofredundancyinwhichthesecondary(i.e.,backup)
systemrunsinthebackgroundoftheprimarysystem.Dataismirroredtothesecondary
serveratregularintervals,whichmeansthattherearetimeswhenbothserversdonot
containtheexactsamedata.
warmstandbyserver(n)~Astandbyserverthatcontainsacopyofadatabasethatis
asynchronouslyupdated,andthatcanbebroughtonlinefairlyquickly.
warmstart(n)~Therestartingofarunningcomputerwithoutfirstturningoffthepower.
warning(n)~Amessagethatnotifiesyouofabuildissue.
warningalert(n)~Analertthathelpsusersdiagnosepotentialproblemswiththeirdata
protectionschema.
warningbeep(n)~Asoundthatalertstheusertoanissue.
WarningComputers(n)~ThelabelintherowoftheResultspanethatdisplaysthe
numberofinstanceswhereacomputerhasunresolvedalertswithaseveritylevelof
Warning.
warningicon(n)~Aniconthatindicatesasecurityrisk.
warninglevel(n)~Thepointatwhichusersarenearingtheirquotalimit.
warningmessage(n)~Amessagethatappearsonthescreentoalerttheusertosomething
thatmustnotbeaddressed.
warp(v)~Todistorttheappearanceofanobjectbysqueezingsomepartstogetherand
stretchingotherpartsfartherapart.
warping(n)~Theprocessofdistortingapictureunevenlybysqueezingsomeparts
togetherandstretchingotherpartsfartherapart.
WAS(n)~Aservicethatprovidesprocessactivation,resourcemanagement,andhealth
managementservicesformessage-activatedapplications.
WAS(PN)~Anend-to-endtestlabsolutionthatenablestheautomationofcomputerand
imageinventory,testexecution,andlocalresultsgenerationinapre-manufacturinglab
environment.
watch(n)~AnexpressionoravariablethatappearsintheWatchwindow.
watch(v)~Tomonitorane-mailconversationornewsgroupthread.Theheadersfor
messagesinawatchedconversationappearinadifferentcolor,whichmakesthemeasier
tofindinamessagelist.
watchfolder(n)~Acomputerfoldertowhichajobtemplateisboundandwhichdetects
whenspecifiedmediafiletypesarriveinit.
watchlist(n)~Alistofconnectionattemptsbyfederatedpartnersthatmayrequirethe
administratortotakeactiontoeffectivelymonitorandcontroldomainusage.Such
attemptscanincludepotentiallysuspiciousactivityorahighervolumeofusagethanthe
currenttrustrelationshipsupports.
Watchwindow(PN)~AVisualStudiodebuggingwindowthatisavailableinbreakmode
andthatprovidesthevalueofavariableoranexpression.
watchdog(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatmonitorssystemhealthandfunctionalityby
communicatingwiththesystemsoftware.Thecommunicationisthroughadedicated
devicedriverordevicetimer.
watchdogdriver(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatmonitorssystemhealthandfunctionalityby
communicatingwiththesystemsoftware.Thecommunicationisthroughadedicated
devicedriverordevicetimer.
watchdogtimer(n)~Ahardwaredevicethatmonitorssystemhealthandfunctionalityby
communicatingwiththesystemsoftware.Thecommunicationisthroughadedicated
devicedriverordevicetimer.
watchernode(n)~Aspecificagent-managedcomputerthatisdesignatedtomonitora
featureonanothercomputersuchasadatabaseorawebapplication.
Water(PN)~TheMicrosoft-supplieddefaultattractapplicationforSurfaceunits.
Customerscancustomizethebackgroundandreflectionimagesinthisapplication,butthe
watereffectsstaythesame.
WaterConfigurationtool(n)~ThetoolthatyouusetocustomizeWater.
Watercolor(n)~AfiltereffectinWindowsMovieMaker.
watermark(n)~Animagethatappearsasthebackgroundtoadocument.Generallyfaded
andtransparent,sothattextcanbeclearlyreadoverit.
watermark(n)~Athresholdusedtomanagethememoryconsumptiononeachcache
host.Thehighwatermarkandlowwatermarkspecifywhenobjectsareevictedoutof
memory.
WAU(n)~AnupgradeoptionthatallowsuserstoupgradefromoneeditionofWindows
toanotherbypurchasingtheupgradeonline.ItisenabledbySoftwareLicensingServices
(SLS)technologywhichallowsadigitallincensetodeterminewhatfeaturesareenabled
ordisabledallowingMicrosofttoselleitheradditionallicensesorproductupgrades
throughdigitallicenses(PUP-DL).Customersmayeitherbuyfullpackagedproduct(FPP)
orupgradequicklyandconvenientlyelectronically.
WAV(n)~AfileformatinwhichWindowsstoressoundsaswaveforms.Suchfileshave
theextension.wav.Dependingonthesamplingfrequency,onwhetherthesoundis
monauralorstereo,andonwhether8or16bitsareusedforeachsample,oneminuteof
soundcanoccupyaslittleas644kilobytesorasmuchas27megabytesofstorage.
WAVfile,Wave~Acomputersoundrecording.WAVfilestendtobeverylarge,sosound
recordingsareoftencompressedinto-MP3s-ontheinternet,givingaslightlylower
qualitybut-much-smallerfiles.
WAVE(n)~AfileformatinwhichWindowsstoressoundsaswaveforms.Suchfileshave
theextension.wav.Dependingonthesamplingfrequency,onwhetherthesoundis
monauralorstereo,andonwhether8or16bitsareusedforeachsample,oneminuteof
soundcanoccupyaslittleas644kilobytesorasmuchas27megabytesofstorage.
wave(n)~Alogicalgroupingofwarehouseworkitemsthatiscreatedbymeansofawave
templateconfiguration,processedeitherautomaticallyormanually,andthenreleasedto
picktheitemsforproductionorshipping.
wavedevice(n)~Ahardwaredevicecapableofreproducingsound.
wavelength~Thedistancebetweenthecrestsofawaveinaradiosignal,measuredasthe
speedoflightdividedbythefrequencyin-Hz.
wavelet(n)~Amathematicalfunctionthatvariesoveralimitedextentoftime.Wavelets
arecomingintoincreasinguseforanalyzingsignals(suchassound).Theyhavelimited
durationandsuddenchangesinfrequencyandamplituderatherthantheinfiniteduration
andconstantamplitudeandfrequency,ofthesineandcosinefunctions.
waxpaper(n)~IntheComfyCakesgame,apieceofparchmentpaperontheconveyor
beltforanewcakethattheplayerwilltrytobake’.Eachpaperrepresentsanorderfora
newcake
WBEM(n)~AninitiativeundertakenbytheDistributedManagementTaskForce
(DMTF)toprovideenterprisesystemmanagerswithastandardsolutionformanagement.
WBF(PN)~Thecollectionoftechnologiesandinfrastructurerequiredtosupport
biometricsinWindows.
WBS(n)~Adeliverable-orientedgroupingofprojectelementsthatorganizesanddefines
thetotalworkscopeoftheproject.Eachdescendinglevelrepresentsanincreasingly
detaileddefinitionoftheprojectwork.
w-buffer(n)~Abufferthatstoresadepthvalueforeachpixelinascene.Pixelswitha
smallz-valueoverwritepixelswithalargez-value.
WCE(PN)~Acommand-lineprogramlaunchedbyACT-DCandconfiguredbytheuser
throughthedatacollectionpackage(DCP)settings.Itmayrunimmediatelyandexitorit
maycontinuetomonitorsystemactivitythroughoutthedurationoftimeconfiguredbythe
user.
WCF(PN)~Amanagedtechnologythatisusedtobuildandmanageservice-oriented
Windowssystems.
WCFDataServices(PN)~Acomponentofthe.NETFrameworkthatenablestheuserto
createservicesthatusetheOpenDataProtocol(OData)toexposeandconsumedataover
theWeborintranetbyusingthesemanticsofrepresentationalstatetransfer(REST).
WCFservice(n)~Anapplicationservicesuchasauthentication,profileproperties,or
roles,thatcanbeaccessedbyanynon-ASP.NETapplicationthatcanreadandsend
messagesinSOAPformat.WCFservicesenabledifferenttypesofapplicationstoshare
commondata,suchasusercredentialsforloggingin.
WCFServiceConnector(PN)~Anout-of-the-boxBDCconnectorthatshipswithWSS.
ItprovidesconnectivitybetweenBCSandaWCFserviceendpoint.
WDF(n)~AframeworkthatprovidesprewrittensupportfortherequirementsofWindows
drivermodel(WDM),givingMicrosoftWindowsdevice-driverdeveloperstheabilityto
betterfocusontheirdevicemodels.Thedriverframeworkreducestheamountofnew
coderequiredtoprovideafull-featuredWDMdevicedriver.
WDI(n)~AframeworkthatenablesrootcausedetectionoffailuresforWindows
componentsthroughdynamictracing.
WDK(PN)~TheSDKthatcontainsallthetoolsanddownloadsneededtobuildadriver
forWindows.
WDL(n)~AcollectionofhardwaredevicedriversforaMicrosoftWindowsoperating
systemthatwerenotincludedintheoriginalWindowspackage.
WDM(n)~AdrivermodelbasedontheWindowsNTdrivermodelthatisdesignedto
provideacommonarchitectureofI/OservicesforWindowsoperatingsystemsforspecific
classesofdrivers.ThesedriverclassesincludeUSBandIEEE1394buses,audio,still-
imagecapture,videocapture,andHID-compliantdevicessuchasUSBmice,keyboards,
andjoysticks.Providesamodelforwritingkernel-modedriversandminidrivers,and
providesextensionsforPlugandPlayandpowermanagement.
weakPIN(n)~AnyPINthatcouldbeeasilyguessedbyahacker.
WealthEstimator(PN)~Atoolthatenablesausertocomputethefuturevalueofmoney.
Weapons(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
Weather(PN)~Anapplicationthatprovidescurrentweatherforecastswithcustomized
locationsandinteractiveweathermaps.
Weather(PN)~TheNews&weathersubcategorycontainingappswithinformationabout
weather,includingcurrentforecastsorhistoricaldata.
WeatherBar(n)~AfeatureintheOutlookcalendarthatcanbeenabledtodisplaythe
weatherforecastforaselectedlocation.
weatherstation(n)~Adevicethatcontainsmanysensors(thermometer,raingauge,
barometer,etc.)tomeasureatmosphericdatasuchastemperature,airpressureor
humidity.
web(n)~Asetofinterlinkeddocumentsinahypertextsystem.Theuserenterstheweb
throughahomepage.
WEB(n)~AcontentratingsystemforWebsitesdevelopedbyMicrosoft.
Web(PN)~AnAPIforAtomPubandsyndication.
Web2.0~Asetoftechnologiesandapplicationsthatenableefficientinteractionamong
people,content,anddatainsupportofcollectivelyfosteringnewbusinesses,technology
offerings,andsocialstructures.
Webaddress(n)~AnaddressthatuniquelyidentifiesalocationontheInternet.AURLis
usuallyprecededbyhttp://,asinhttp://www.microsoft.com.AURLcancontainmore
detail,suchasthenameofapageofhypertext,oftenwiththefilenameextension.htmlor
.htm.
WebAnalytics(PN)~AsetoffeaturesthatprovidesdataanalysisandreportingonWeb
traffic,search,andSharePointassets.Thisinformationcanbeusedtotailorsystemsto
meetusers’needs,optimizehowtheyuseanddiscoverinformation,andtocreatetargeted
content.
Webanalytics~TheuseofarangeofquantitativeanalysestounderstandWebsite
performanceandvisitorexperience.Theseanalysesincludeusagelevelsandpatternson
anindividualandaggregatelevel.
WebAnalyticsserviceapplication(PN)~ASharePointserviceapplicationthatcollects,
reports,andanalyzestheusageandeffectivenessofSharePointServersites.
WebAnalyticsWebPart(PN)~AWebPartavailabletoendusersthatdisplaysthemost
frequentlyviewedcontentandsearchqueries.
WebAnalyticsWebService(PN)~Aservicethatprocessesanalyticsloggingdataabout
aSharePointServersiteandreturnsaggregateddata.
webapp(n)~Aclient-serverprogramaccessedoveranetworkthatusesawebbrowseras
theinterfacefortheenduser.
WebappOpenPlatformInterface(PN)~Aninterfacethatenablesawebapplication
server(forexample,OfficeWebAppsServer)toaccessandchangefilesthatarestoredby
ahostserver(suchasSharePointServer).
Webapplication(n)~AsoftwareprogramthatusesHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)
foritscorecommunicationprotocolandthatdeliversWeb-basedinformationtotheuserin
theHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)language.
webapplication(n)~Aclient-serverprogramaccessedoveranetworkthatusesaweb
browserastheinterfacefortheenduser.
WebApplicationFirewall(n)~Anappliance,serverplugin,orfilterthatappliesasetof
rulestoanHTTPconversationtoidentifyandblockcommonattackstowebapplications.
WebApplicationFirewall(Units)(n)~Aresourceofthe‘CDN’servicefor‘Pay-As-
You-Go’billingbasedonthenumberoffirewallinstancesdeployed.
webapplicationhybrid(n)~Awebapplicationthatcombinesfunctionalityordatafrom
multiplesourcesintoasingle,integratedservice,application,ormedium.
WebApplicationProxy(PN)~TheRemoteAccessroleserviceinWindowsServer2012
R2thatallowsadministratorstopublishapplicationsforexternalaccess.
WebApps(n)~AfeatureofAppServicethatallowsdeveloperstocreateanddeploy
business-scalablemission-criticalwebapps.
Webarchive(n)~ApresentationsavedinMHTMLformatthatintegratesallsupporting
information,includinggraphicsandotherfiles,intoasinglefile.
Webbeacon(n)~Anexternalreference,suchasagraphicimage,linkedtoanexternal
WebserverthatisplacedinanHTML-formattedmessage.Itcanbeusedtoverifythat
youre-mailaddressisvalidwhenthemessageisopenedandimagesdownloaded.
Webbrowser(n)~Asoftwareprogramusedtodisplaywebpagesandtonavigatethe
Internet.
Webbrowsing(PN)~TheUtilities&toolssubcategorycontainingappstohelpyouwhen
browsingtheInternet.
Webchat(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
Webclient(n)~AcomputerthatusesaWebserver.
Webcomponent(n)~AsoftwarecomponentthatrequiresIIS.Webcomponentsinclude
IISVirtualDirectorysetuptosupportAddressBookServer,theWebConferencingServer
(downloadingofmeetingcontent),andtheIMConferencinggroupexpansionWeb
service.
Webconference(n)~Anonlinegatheringofpeoplefacilitatedbysoftwarethatallows
participantstoview,andoptionallycontrol,sharedcontentandcommunicatewitheach
otherusingvariousmeans,suchasatelephoneconferencecall.
webconferencing(n)~FunctionalitysuppliedbytheWebConferencingservicesuchas
datasharing,anduploadingdocumentsandPowerPointpresentations,byusing
whiteboardsanddesktopsharing.
WebConferencingEdgeServer(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerthatresidesin
theperimeternetworkandenablesdatacollaborationwithexternalusers.
WebConferencingServer(n)~AnOfficeCommunicationsServerthatmanagesdata
collaboration(e.g.,applicationsharing,polling)foronlineconferences.
webconnection(n)~Aconnectionbetweentheuser’sdeviceandaserverthatprovides
accesstotheInternet,typicallythroughanInternetserviceprovider.
webconsole(n)~Thebrowser-basedinterfacethatallowsyoutoaccessthemonitoring
andreportingworkspacesaccordingtoyouruserrole.
WebContentFilter(n)~AnInternetservicethatdeterminesthetypeofcontentona
particularWebsiteallowingtheuseroranadministratortoblockinappropriatecontent.
webcontext(n)~AsecuritycontextinWindowsthatcontrolscapabilities.WindowsStore
appswritteninHTML/JavaScriptcancontaincontentstoredinalocalorwebcontext.
ScriptfilesacquiredfromtheWindowsStore(andoriginallypackagedwiththe
application)canaccessWinRTAPIs,butcontentdynamicallydownloadedfromtheweb
runswithrestrictedcapabilities,muchlikethoseaffordedtobrowser-basedscripttoday.
webcrawler(n)~AnautomatedprogramthatsearchestheInternetfornewWeb
documentsandplacestheiraddressesandcontent-relatedinformationinadatabase,which
canbeaccessedwithasearchengine.Generallyconsideredtobeatypeofbot,orInternet
robot.
WebDeploy(PN)~AframeworkforautomatingthedeploymentofWebsites.
WebDeploymentAgentService(PN)~AWindowsservicethatenablesyoutoperform
MSDeployoperationssuchasdumpandsyncoveranetwork.Bydefault,theremote
servicerunsbyusingtheNetworkServiceaccount.
WebDeploymentFramework(PN)~Themanagedcodeframeworkthatincludespublic
APIsandtheunderlyingdeploymenttoolengine.Thisisthetop-levelnodeandcannotbe
removed.
Webdeploymentpackage(n)~Acompressed(.zip)fileorafolderthatcontainswebsite
files,thatisusedtodeployawebsiteinIIS.
WebDeploymentTool(PN)~AframeworkforautomatingthedeploymentofWebsites.
Webdiscussion(n)~CommentsthatusersattachtoWebpagesanddocuments.
WebDistributedAuthoringandVersioning(n)~AsetofextensionstotheHypertext
TransferProtocol(HTTP)thatfacilitatescollaborativeeditingandfilemanagement
betweenuserslocatedremotelyfromeachotherontheInternet.
WebEdit(PN)~AfeaturethatsimplifiesthetaskofcreatingnewSharePointdata.It
makesiteasierforuserstoenterfree-forminformationoraddphotos,WebPartsorfilesto
aSharePointpage.
WebEdition(PN)~TheeditionofMicrosoftAzureSQLDatabasethatoffersrelational
databasesrun(upto5GB)onsharedresources,withbuilt-inreplicaswithinadatacenter,
anddynamicscale-outofthousandsofdistributeddatabases.
Webe-mail(n)~AcontentdescriptordevelopedbyMicrosoft.
webfarm(n)~AnetworkloadbalancingclusterofserversthatsupportclientWebsite
requests.
webfiltering(n)~Amethodofblockingaccesstowebsitesbasedontheircontent.For
example,InWindowsLiveFamilySafety,parentscanspecifyafilteringlevel,suchas
StrictorBasic,fortheirchild.
Webfolder(n)~AfolderonaWebserver.
WebFolders(n)~Ashortcutyouusetosave,open,copy,ordeletefilesonaWeborFTP
server.SomeWebfolders,suchasdocumentlibraries,havefunctionalitynotavailable
withlocalfolders.You’llfindWebfoldersinMyNetworkPlacesorWebFolders.
WebForms(n)~TheASP.NETpageframework,whichconsistsofprogrammableWeb
pages(calledWebFormspages)thatcontainreusableservercontrols.
WebFormsServerControl(PN)~Webformservercontrolsareusedfordesigningthe
userinterfaceoftheapplicationandpostingdataontheserver.AlthoughsimilartoHTML
controlsinappearanceandoperations,servercontrolsrunontheserver.Itiseasierto
programwiththesecontrolsbecausethemethods,properties,andeventsepxosedbythese
controlsareconsistentandutilizethe.NETFrameworkclasslibrary.
webfront-endcomponent(n)~Acomponentthatinteractswiththeusersandother
externalsystemsinvariousways.
Webhosting(PN)~TheDevelopertoolssubcategorycontainingappstohelpdevelopers
withthewebhostingaspectsofbuildinganapp.
Webhostingservice(n)~Awidevarietyofactivitiesthatprovidecomputerand
communicationfacilitiestobusinessesorindividuals,especiallyforuseincreatingWeb
andelectroniccommercesites.AWebhostprovidessuchservicesasnews,mail,ordata
tocomputersthatconnecttoit.AWebhostcanprovidehigh-speedaccesstotheInternet,
redundantpoweranddatastorage,and24-hourmaintenanceatalowercostthan
implementingthesameservicesindependently.
weblayoutview(n)~AviewofadocumentasitwillappearinaWebbrowser.For
example,thedocumentappearsasonelongpage(withoutpagebreaks)andtextandtables
wraptofitinthewindow.
weblog(n)~Afrequentlyupdatedonlinejournalorcolumn.
WebManagementService(n)~Aservicethatenablesremoteanddelegatedmanagement
ofaWebserveranditsWebsitesandapplications.
Webmaster(n)~ApersonresponsibleforcreatingandmaintainingaWorldWideWeb
site.Awebmasterisoftenresponsibleforrespondingtoe-mail,ensuringthesiteis
operatingproperly,creatingandupdatingWebpages,andmaintainingtheoverallstructure
anddesignofthesite.
WebMeetingPlace(n)~ALiveMeetingsessiontypedesignedforsmaller,more
collaborativemeetings.
Webmethod(n)~AprocedurethatisexposedtoWebserviceclientsasanoperationthat
canbecalledontheWebservice.
WebNote(n)~AfeatureintheSpartanbrowserthatallowscustomerstowriteortypeon
webpagesfromwithinthebrowser,usingdigitalink.
webpackage(n)~Acollectionoffiles,settings,databases,andauxiliaryinformationthat
ispackagedasafilestructureorasacompressedfilefordeployment.
webpage(n)~AdocumentontheWorldWideWeb.AWebpageconsistsofanHTML
file,withassociatedfilesforgraphicsandscripts,inaparticulardirectoryonaparticular
machine(andthusidentifiablebyanURL).UsuallyaWebpagecontainslinkstoother
Webpages.
WebPagePreview(n)~AnoptionthatdisplaystheWebpageinaWebbrowser.
Webpagereportview(n)~AreporttypethatcontainsaWebpage.
WebPart(n)~AreusablecomponentthatwrapsWeb-basedcontent(suchasXML,
HTML,andscripting)withastandardpropertyschemaanddisplaysthatinacohesiveunit
onapage.
WebPartdescriptionfile(n)~An.xmlfilethatdefinesthedefaultpropertysettingsfora
WebPart,includingreferencestootherfilesthatarerequiredtorunanddisplaythepart.
WebPartzone(n)~Acontainerwithasetofpropertiesthatcanbeconfiguredtocontrol
theorganizationandformatofWebPartsonaWebPartPage.
WebParts(n)~AnintegratedsetofcontrolsforcreatingWebsitesthatenableendusers
tomodifythecontent,appearance,andbehaviorofWebpagesdirectlyfromabrowser.
WebPartsconnection(n)~Anassociationbetweentwoservercontrolsresidingina
WebPartZoneBasezonethatenablesthemtosharedata,withonecontrolactingasthe
providerofdataandtheothercontrolactingastheconsumer.Aconnectionis
encapsulatedwithinaSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPartConnectionobject.
WebPartscontrol(n)~AcontrolthatispartoftheWebPartscontrolset.
WebPartscontrolset(n)~TheintegratedsetofASP.NETsoftwarecomponentsthat
providepersonalization,structuralcomponentssuchaszonesandtheWebPartManager
control,WebPartsUIcontrols,andothercomponentsforbuildingWebPartscontrolsand
applications.
WebPartspage(n)~AnASP.NETWebpagethatincludesWebPartscontrolsthatlet
userspersonalizethepage,suchasselectingtheinformationtodisplay.
Webperformancetest(n)~AtesttypethattargetsthevalidationofWebpagesand
HTTPrequests.
WebPerformanceTestEditor(PN)~TheVisualStudioeditorinwhichaWebtestis
edited.Itdisplaysatreestructureofrequestnodes.
WebPerformanceTestResultViewer(PN)~AVisualStudiowindowwhereWebtests
arerunandresultsaredisplayed.
WebPI(n)~AwizardthatautomatestheinstallationofseveralcommonlyusedWeb
technologiesfromasingleinstallationpoint.ThesetechnologiesincludealltheIIS
featureslikeASPandASP.NET,aswellasApplicationRequestRouting(ARR),Visual
WebDeveloperExpress,SQLServerExpress,etc.
WebPlatformInstaller(n)~Awizardthatautomatestheinstallationofseveral
commonlyusedWebtechnologiesfromasingleinstallationpoint.Thesetechnologies
includealltheIISfeatureslikeASPandASP.NET,aswellasApplicationRequest
Routing(ARR),VisualWebDeveloperExpress,SQLServerExpress,etc.
Webplaylist(n)~Aplaylistfile(withan.isxfilenameextension)thatisstoredonthe
WebserverandusedbytheWebPlaylistsfeature.ThefileisanXML-formattedfile.
WebPlaylists(PN)~Thenameofanextensionthatletstheusercreateserver-controlled
sequencesofdigitalmediacontentandtopreventcachingofcontentonend-user
computers.
Webpool(n)~AgroupingofoneormoreURLsservedbyaworkerprocess.
WebPoolAgent(n)~AnisolatedprocessunderwhichtheCertificateLifecyleManager
(CLM)webportalruns.
webportal(n)~Auserinterfaceimplementedbyasoftwareapplicationviaacomponent
ofawebserver,suchasIIS.
webpresenceprovider(n)~AWebhostingandInternetserviceproviderwhomanages
theWebserverhardwareandsoftwarerequiredtomakeaWebsiteavailableonthe
Internet.
Webproject(n)~AcollectionoffilesthatspecifieselementsofaWebapplication.
webproxy(n)~Amethodexposedinaclientobjectmodeltoissuerequestsfrom
SharePointtoaremoteservicethatdeveloperscanuseinappsforSharePoint.
WebProxyAutoDiscovery(n)~AstandardnetworkingprotocolusedtohelpInternet
clientsoftwareautomaticallylocateandinterfacewithcacheserviceswithinanetwork.
Webpublishing(n)~TheprocessofpublishingcontenttoanintranetorInternetsite.
Webquery(n)~AquerythatretrievesdatastoredonyourintranetortheInternet.
Webreference(n)~Areferencethatprovidesaccesstoanavailableresourcebyusingan
InternetprotocolsuchasSOAPorHTTP.
WebRequestThrottling(n)~Afeaturethatoffersimprovedreliabilitybythrottling
clientrequestsandnotifyingSharePointadministratorswhenperformanceisinjeopardy.
Itmonitorsparameterssuchasavailablememory,numberofrequestsinthequeue,and
waittimes,andrejectsincomingrequestsifperformancevaluescrosspredefined
thresholds.
Webresource(n)~Webcontentthatcanbestoredontheserverandexecutedinthe
browser.
Webrestrictions(n)~AfeatureofParentalControlsthatallowsuserstoblockWebsites
thattheydon’twanttoview.
webrole(n)~Acloudservicerolethatprovidesanoperatingenvironmentforrunning
websitesorapplicationsassupportedbyInternetInformationServices(IIS)7.0.
Webroot(n)~TherootdirectoryforaWebsite,wherethecontentfilesarestored.In
(IIS),thehomedirectoryandallitssubdirectoriesareavailabletousersbydefault.Also,
therootdirectoryforanIISservice.Typically,thehomedirectoryforasitecontainsthe
homepage.
Webserver(n)~AservercomputerthathostsWebpagesandrespondstorequestsfrom
browsers.
Webservercontrol(n)~AnASP.NETservercontrolthatbelongstothe
System.Web.UI.WebControlsnamespace.Webservercontrolsarericherandmoreabstract
thanHTMLservercontrols.AWebservercontrolhasanasptagprefixonanASP.NET
page,suchas<asp:Buttonrunat=server’/>.’
WebServerManagementEnumeratormodule(PN)~Aprobeactionmoduletypethat
performsaWS-ManagementEnumerateoperation.
WebServiceConnector(PN)~Anout-of-the-boxBDCconnectorthatshipswithWSS.It
providesconnectivitybetweenBCSandaWebserviceendpoint.
WebServiceDescriptionLanguageSchema(n)~AninterfaceimplementedintheXML
messageformatfordescribingthenetworkservicesofferedbytheserver.
WebServiceDetailswindow(n)~Thewindowthatdisplaysthebehaviorspecification
foraWebserviceendpoint.Forexample,itdisplaystheoperationsforaWebservice
endpoint.
Webserviceendpoint(n)~AnendpointthatexposesaWebservice.
Webserviceextension(n)~AnISAPIorCGIthatextendsIISfunctionalitybeyond
servingstaticpages.
Webservices(n)~Protocolsthatenablecomputerstoworktogetherbyexchanging
messages.WebservicesarebasedonthestandardprotocolsofXML,SOAPandWSDL,
whichallowthemtointeroperateacrossplatformsandprogramminglanguages,including
theabilitytomanagefederatedidentitiesandsecurity.
WebServicesDescriptionLanguage(n)~AnXMLformatfordescribingWebservices.
WSDLallowsWebserviceprovidersandusersofsuchservicestoworktogethereasilyby
enablingtheseparationofthedescriptionoftheabstractfunctionalityofferedbyaservice
fromconcretedetailsofaservicedescriptionsuchashow’and‘where’thatfunctionality
isoffered.’
WebServicesFederation(PN)~Aspecificationthatdefinesamodelandasetof
messagesforbrokeringtrustandthefederationofidentityandauthenticationinformation
acrossdifferenttrustrealms.TheWS-Federationspecificationidentifiestwosourcesof
identityandauthenticationrequestsacrosstrustrealms:activerequestors,suchasSimple
ObjectAccessProtocol(SOAP)-enabledapplications,andpassiverequestors,whichare
definedasHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)browsersthatcansupportbroadly
supportedversionsofHTTP,forexample,HTTP-1.1.
WebServicesSecurity(PN)~Aseriesofspecificationsthatdescribehowtoattach
signatureandencryptionheaderstoSimpleObjectAccessProtocol(SOAP)messages.In
addition,WS-Securitydescribeshowtoattachsecuritytokens,includingbinarysecurity
tokenssuchasX.509certificatesandKerberostickets,tomessages.InActiveDirectory
FederationServices(ADFS),WS-SecurityisusedwhenKerberossignssecuritytokens.
WebSiteAdministrationtool(n)~AsetofprewrittenASP.NETpagesthatcanbeused
byindividualswithnoprogrammingskillstoconfigureaWebapplication.
WebSiteCertificateWizard(n)~Awizardthatenablestheusertoaddorconfigure
certificatestowebsites.
WebSlice(PN)~ApieceorsliceofaWebpagethatuserscandirectlysubscribetofrom
thebrowser.Thebrowserchecksifthepieceofthewebhasupdates,andindicatestothe
userwhentherearenewupdatesavailable.UserscanpreviewthepieceoftheWebbefore
navigatingtothefullWebpage.
Webslide(n)~Aslidethatprovideseachmeetingparticipantwithanindependent
connectiontoaWebpagethatisspecifiedbythepresenter.
Websynchronization(n)~Inmergereplication,afeaturethatletsyoureplicatedataby
usingtheHTTPSprotocol.
WebTestEditor(n)~TheVisualStudioeditorinwhichaWebtestisedited.Itdisplaysa
treestructureofrequestsnodes.
WebTestRecorder(PN)~AfeatureinVisualStudioTeamEditionthatrecordsthe
actionsyouperformwhileyoubrowseaWebsite.Asyoumovethroughthesite,recorded
requestsareaddedtotheWebtest.
WebViewer(PN)~Aweb-basedviewerthatdisplaysgeneratedreportsinawebbrowser.
webworkerAPI(n)~TheAPIthatdefinesawaytorunscriptsinthebackground.Web
WorkersarespecifiedintheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)‘sWebWorkers
specification.
Web-basedapplication(n)~AsoftwareprogramthatusesHypertextTransferProtocol
(HTTP)foritscorecommunicationprotocolandthatdeliversWeb-basedinformationto
theuserintheHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)language.
web-basedapplication(n)~AsoftwareprogramthatusesHypertextTransferProtocol
(HTTP)foritscorecommunicationprotocolandthatdeliversWeb-basedinformationto
theuserintheHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)language.
Web-basedDistributedAuthoringandVersioning(PN)~Asetofextensionstothe
HypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)thatfacilitatescollaborativeeditingandfile
managementbetweenuserslocatedremotelyfromeachotherontheInternet.
Web-basede-mail(n)~ElectronicmailthatcanbeaccessedthroughaWebsite.
web-basede-mail(n)~ElectronicmailthatcanbeaccessedthroughaWebsite.
Web-BasedEnterpriseManagement(n)~AninitiativeundertakenbytheDistributed
ManagementTaskForce(DMTF)toprovideenterprisesystemmanagerswithastandard
solutionformanagement.
web-basedseminar(n)~AseminarconductedthroughtheInternet.
web-basedtool(n)~Aweb-basedapplicationutilityorfeaturethataidsinaccomplishing
ataskorsetoftasks.
webcam(n)~Acameraforusewithacomputertotransmitavideopicture.
Webcam~(WEBCAMera)-akindofcheapTVcamerawhichyoucanusefor
videoconferencingovertheinternet,orjustshowingoff.Theyareverypopularformaking
videocallsovertheinternet.
webcast(n)~Aseriesofdigitalmediafiles(audioorvideo)deliveredtousersoverthe
Web.
WebDAV(n)~AsetofextensionstotheHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)that
facilitatescollaborativeeditingandfilemanagementbetweenuserslocatedremotelyfrom
eachotherontheInternet.
WebDAV7.5forIIS7(PN)~AnextensionfortheHTTP/1.1protocoltoallowclientsto
publish,lock,andmanageresourcesontheWeb.
WebDAVinjector(n)~CodethatloadsWebDAVobjectsatruntime.
WebDAVprovider(n)~AnapplicationthatpresentsWebDAVservicestousers,for
exampleMicrosoftSharePoint.
web-enabled(adj)~Pertainingtoanapplicationorothersoftwarethatisabletoconnect
totheWorldWideWebandgetorpostdataprovidedtheappropriatenetwork
infrastructureisavailable.
web-enabledapplication(n)~AsoftwareprogramthatusesHypertextTransferProtocol
(HTTP)foritscorecommunicationprotocolandthatdeliversWeb-basedinformationto
theuserintheHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)language.
Web-enabledInfoPathformformobiledevices(n)~Aformthatcanbeopenedand
filledinonamobiledevice,likeaPDAorsmartphone.
web-enabledmobilephone(n)~Amobilephonethatcanviewwebcontentby
connectingdirectlytotheInternet.
Webhook(n)~Inwebdevelopment,amethodofaugmentingoralteringthebehaviorofa
webpage,orwebapplication,withcustomcallbacks,whichmaybemaintained,modified,
andmanagedbythird-partyusersanddeveloperswhomaynotnecessarilybeaffiliated
withtheoriginatingwebsiteorapplication.
Webhost~AcompanywhichmakeswebpagesavailableontheWorldWideWeb,usually
asacommercialventure.
webinar(n)~AseminarconductedthroughtheInternet.
WebInbox(n)~AmessagecenterinProjectwhereaworkgroupmanagercanviewWeb-
basedmessagesfromworkgroupmemberswhoareusingMicrosoftProjectCentral.The
managercanupdatetheprojectschedulebasedontheresponsesofworkgroupmembers.
weblet(n)~AclassthatgeneratescontentinHTMLcodesothatWebapplicationscan
displayactive,currentcontentanddata.
weblog(n)~Afrequentlyupdatedonlinejournalorcolumn.
Weblog~Awebsitedocumentingsomeone’sthoughtsorexperiences,alsoknownas
a-blog.
Webmail~EmailcontrolledfromawebsitesuchasHotmailorYahooinsteadofwitha
dedicatedmailprogramlikeOutlookExpressorEudora.ManyISPsallowyoutoaccess
youremailbothwithamailprogramandviatheWeb,sothatyoucanaccessyouremail
whiletravelling.
webmaster(n)~ApersonresponsibleforcreatingandmaintainingaWorldWideWeb
site.Awebmasterisoftenresponsibleforrespondingtoe-mail,ensuringthesiteis
operatingproperly,creatingandupdatingWebpages,andmaintainingtheoverallstructure
anddesignofthesite.
Webmaster~Thepersonprinicipallyresponsibleformaintainingawebsite.
webmaster~thepersonwhohasprincipalresponsibilityformaintainingasiteonthe
WORLDWIDEWEBandupdatingsomeoralloftheWEBPAGEs
webmastertools(n)~Asetoftoolsthatisusedtotroubleshootthecrawlingandindexing
ofWebsites.
WebOS~amobileoperatingsystemdevelopedbyPalmforitsPrerangeofsmartphones.
WithPalm’sacquisitionbyHPin2010,WebOSisnowbeingexpandedtoaddressother
devices,notablytablets,butalsoprinters.
webpage(n)~AdocumentontheWorldWideWeb.AWebpageconsistsofanHTML
file,withassociatedfilesforgraphicsandscripts,inaparticulardirectoryonaparticular
machine(andthusidentifiablebyanURL).UsuallyaWebpagecontainslinkstoother
Webpages.
Webquest~Awebquestisaninquiry-basedlearninginstructionalstrategyutilizing
informationontheinternettoguidelearners.Forwebquestsandsamplewebquests,
see-http://webquest.org/informationondeveloping-
WebReadyDocumentViewing(n)~Atechnologythatallowsdocumentstobeconverted
toHTMLanddisplayedinaWebbrowserwhenaviewingapplicationisnotavailable.
Webserver~Acomputerwhichfetchesorstores-WorldWideWeb-pagesandprovides
themovertheinternetonrequest.
website(n)~AgroupofrelatedwebpagesthatishostedbyanHTTPserverontheWorld
WideWeboranintranet.Thepagesinawebsitetypicallycoveroneormoretopicsand
areinterconnectedthroughhyperlinks.
Website~Apageorgroupofpagesonthe-WorldWideWeb.
websitehost(n)~Acompanythatprovidesservers,Internetconnectivity,andother
associatedfacilitiesneededtopublishwebsites.
Websiterequests(PN)~ThetabontheFamilySafetywebsitethatdisplaysrequestsa
childhasmadeviae-mailtoviewablockedwebsite.
Websites(PN)~TheMicrosoftAzurehostingofferthatisstreamlinedforfastandeasy
websitedeploymentseitherrunningcustomapplicationcodeorpopularopensourceweb
apps.
WebsitesBasic(PN)~AnAzureWebsitehostingtier,usedforpricingcalculation.
Websiteshour(n)~AunitofmeasureforthetimeusedoftheMicrosoftAzureWebSites
service.
WebsitesShared(PN)~AnAzureWebsitehostingtier,usedforpricingcalculation.
WebsitesStandard(PN)~AnAzureWebsitehostingtier,usedforpricingcalculation.
WebSocketprotocol(n)~AfeatureofInternetInformationServices(IIS)thatletsthe
serverestablishalong-running,full-duplex,bidirectionalTCPconnectiontotheclientand
thatletstheserverpushdatatotheclient.
Webspace~Thestorageonaninternetserverwherewebsitesarekept.Webspacecanbe
hiredfromacommercialprovider,orissometimesprovidedfreewithaninternetaccount.
Websurfing~Lookingatpagesonthe-WorldWideWeb.Oftenjustcalledsurfing.
weeknumber(n)~Theweeksoftheyearareassignedanumberfrom1to52,called
weeknumbers.Whenyouturnonweeknumbers,theyappearontheleftsideoftheDate
NavigatorinCalendar.
Weekview(n)~Acalendarviewthatdisplaysinformationforaone-weekperiod.
weekday(n)~Oneofthesevendaysofaweek,thefirstdaybeingaSundayforU.S.
English.
weekday(n)~AnydayoftheweekexceptSaturdayandSunday.
WeekendRule(PN)~ApolicyinMicrosoftOfficeOutlookthatmovesreccurring
meetingsforwardonedayiftheylandonaweekendoronapublicholiday.
weeklydigest(n)~Aweeklyemailthatisasummaryofthreadsinpublicgroupsthata
userbelongsto,includingtheAllCompanygroup.
weight(n)~Thevalueofascorecardelementinrelationtothevaluesofotherelementsof
thesametype.
weightengine(n)~Anenginethatiscalledautomaticallywhenthevolumeofapackage
isnotproportionaltoitsweight.
weightedcloseformula(n)~Aformulathatcalculatestheaverageofthehigh,low,and
closeprices,whilegivingextraweighttothecloseprice.
weightedduration(n)~Weightedaverageoftheexpected,pessimistic,andoptimistic
datesanddurations.Bydefault,PERTanalysiscalculationgivesheaviestweighttothe
expectedduration,andlightestweighttothepessimisticandoptimisticdurations.
WelcomeCenter(n)~Afeaturethatservesasalaunchingpointforseveraloptional
WindowstasksandOEM-definedtasks.
well-formed(adj)~PertainingtoanExtensibleMarkupLanguage(XML)documentthat
issyntacticallycorrect.
well-formedXML(n)~AnXMLfileinwhichthereisonlyonerootelementandallthe
elements,delimitedbystart-andend-tags,nestproperlywithineachother.
WEP(n)~Anencryptionalgorithmsystemincludedaspartofthe802.11standard,
developedbytheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineersasasecuritymeasureto
protectwirelessLANsfromcasualeavesdropping.WEPusesasharedsecretkeyto
encryptpacketsbeforetransmissionbetweenwirelessLANdevicesandmonitorspackets
intransittodetectattemptsatmodification.WEPoffersboth40-bitand128-bithardware-
basedencryptionoptions.
WER(PN)~TheWindowstechnologythatcollectsdataonsystemcrashesorhangsand
sendsittoMicrosoft.
West-East(adj)~Anodeplacementstylethatspecifiesthatthenodesarewest-eastin
relationtotheMOMManagementServer.
wetting(n)~AproblemwiththeSurfacedisplaywhenextremelyblackareasappearon
theSurfacescreen.Wettingoccurswhendiffuserlayersaccidentallycontacteachother.
WettingresemblesareasofmoistureundertheSurfacescreen.
WFP(n)~Afeaturethatrunsinthebackgroundandprotectsyoursystemfilesfrombeing
overwritten.Whenafileinaprotectedfolderismodified,WFPdetermineswhetherthe
newfileisthecorrectMicrosoftversionorwhetherthefileisdigitallysigned.Ifnot,the
modifiedfileisreplacedwithavalidversion.
WFP(n)~AnarchitectureinMicrosoftWindowsthatallowsunprecedentedaccesstothe
TCP/IPpacketprocessingpath,whereinoutgoingandincomingpacketscanbeexamined
orchangedbeforeallowingthemtobeprocessedfurther.
WGA(PN)~AprogramforlicensedWindowssoftwarethatprovidesaccesstoupdates,
value-addeddownloads,freesoftwaretrials,andspecialpromotions.
WGANotifications(PN)~NotificationsthatindicateanewinstallationofWindowsdid
notpassvalidation.
WhatcanIsay?(PN)~PartofthetextthatexplainshowtheSpeechfeaturecanbe
activated.
WhatYouSeeIsWhatYouGet(n)~Pertainingtoaprogramorinterfacethatallows
creationandeditingofwebpages,text,orgraphicaluserinterfacessuchthatuserscansee
whattheendresultswilllooklikewhilethedocumentsarebeingcreated.
what-ifanalysis(n)~Theprocessofchangingthevaluesincellstoseehowthose
changesaffecttheoutcomeofformulasonaworksheet.Forexample,varyingtheinterest
ratethatisusedinanamortizationtabletodeterminetheamountofthepayments.
what’snew(oth)~Alistthatdisplayssomeone’srecentactivityonWindowsLive.
WHEREclause(n)~ThepartofanSQLstatementthatspecifieswhichrecordsto
retrieve.
WhippedCreamFillingButton(n)~AbuttonontheComfyCakesgameinterfacethat
allowstheplayertoselectawhippedcreamfillingfortheircake.
whitebalance(n)~Asettingthatcompensatesforthecoloroflightinwhichapicturewas
taken.Acorrectwhitebalancesettingmakescolorslooknatural,whileanincorrectwhite
balancecanresultinpicturesthathaveexaggeratedcolors.
whiteboxview(n)~Aunittestistypicallywrittenbyadevelopertoverifythebehavior
ofaspecificmethodorsetofmethods.Theycanalsobeusedforwhite-boxtestingorin
conjunctionwithloadorstresstesting.
whitelabel~productorserviceisaproductorserviceproducedbyonecompany(the
producer)thatothercompanies(themarketers)rebrandtomakeitappearasiftheymade
it.CommoninTelcowholesale.
whitelist~Listofapprovedortrustedpeopleorvendorsoritemsetc.
whitepoint(n)~Thelightestcolorthatcanbereproducedbyadisplaydevice.Black
pointandwhitepointaresettoachieveoptimalhighlightsandshadowsinanimage.
whitereferenceimage(n)~AsnapshotoftheSurfacescreenwhenitiscoveredbythe
whitesideofthecalibrationboard.(Thissituationrepresentstheabsenceoflightinyour
environment.)Thissnapshotistakenduringcalibration.
whitespace(n)~Anycharactersthatcanbefoundbetweenwords-thisincludesspace(
‘)
Whitethumbpads(n)~ADialKeysstylethatshowswhitekeysappearingintwo
semicirclesinthecornersofthescreen.
whiteboard(n)~Softwarethatallowsmultipleusersacrossanetworktoworktogetheron
adocumentthatissimultaneouslydisplayedonalltheusers’screensasthoughtheyare
gatheredaroundaphysicalwhiteboard.
whiteboard(n)~AfeatureinOneNoteonMicrosoftSurfaceHubwhereyoucandraw
withtheSurfaceHubpensorwithtouch.
Whiteboardslide(n)~Ablankcollaborativeslideonwhichparticipantscanaddcontent
byusingtheannotationtools.
whitelist(n)~Alistorregisterofentitiesthatarebeingprovidedaparticularprivilege,
service,mobility,accessorrecognition.
white-spacecharacter(n)~Anycharactersthatcanbefoundbetweenwords-this
includesspace(‘)
WHOIS~ThisisanInternetservicethatfindsinformationaboutadomainnameorIP
address.-HTTP://WWW.WHOIS.NET
WHQL(n)~AMicrosofthardware-testingorganizationthatproducesandsupportsthe
MicrosoftHardwareCompatibilityTestkitforcurrentMicrosoftoperatingsystems.Both
hardwareandsoftwarearetestedbeforerightstousethelogoaregranted.
WIC(PN)~Anextensibleplatformcomponentfordecoding/encodingdigitalimagesand
performingcommontransforms.
WID(PN)~Arelationaldatastorethat’sincludedinWindowsandisusedbyseveral
WindowsServices.
wideareanetwork(n)~Acommunicationsnetworkconnectinggeographicallyseparated
computers,printers,andotherdevices.AWANenablesanyconnecteddevicetointeract
withanyotheronthenetwork.
widecharacter(n)~A2-bytemultilingualcharactercode.
widetile(n)~Arectangulartileof310x150pixelsontheStartscreen.
widebandaudio(n)~Audiotransmissionthatusesmorebandwidththanconventional
telephonyinordertoenhancevoicequality.
widebandaudiocodec(n)~Anaudiocodecthatprovideshigh-qualityvoicebyusinga
samplingrateof16kHz.
widebandcodec(n)~Anaudiocodecthatprovideshigh-qualityvoicebyusinga
samplingrateof16kHz.
widget(n)~AunitofexecutionwithintheMicrosoftsupportdiagnostictool(MSDT)
XML.
widget(n)~Partofagraphicaluserinterface(GUI)thatallowsausertocontroland
changetheappearanceofelementsforoperatinganapplication.
widget(n)~AfeatureofOneNoteforAndroidthatallowsyoutocreatenotes,audio
notes,andpicturenotesrightfromyourphone’shomescreen.
Widget(n)~AnareaoftheServiceDeskthatcanbecustomizedtoincludeinformation
andinterfacesforcustomintegrationswiththirdpartytoolsorsystems.
widget~AnHTML-basedprogramthatrunsintheDashboardlayerofthesystem.
widgetpack(n)~Akindofmanagementpackthatallowsnewdashboardwidgetlibraries
tobeinstalledandusedinOperationsManagertodisplaymonitoringdataonadashboard.
widow(n)~Thelastlineofaparagraphprintedbyitselfatthetopofapage.
WiFi(PN)~The802.11bstandardforwirelessnetworking.Astandardfordelivering
digitalinformationoverhigh-frequency,wirelesslocalareanetworks.
Wi-Fi(PN)~The802.11bstandardforwirelessnetworking.Astandardfordelivering
digitalinformationoverhigh-frequency,wirelesslocalareanetworks.
Wi-Fihotspot(n)~Apublicplace(suchasacoffeeshop,airport,orhotel)withawireless
networkthatyoucanusetoconnecttotheInternet.
Wi-Finetworking(PN)~AtoggleswitchthatallowsphonetoaccessavailableWi-Fi
networks.
Wi-FiProtectedAccess(n)~Asecuritymethodusedbywirelessnetworks.WPA
encryptstheinformationthatissentbetweencomputersonawirelessnetworkand
authenticatesuserstohelpensurethatonlyauthorizedpeoplecanaccessthenetwork.
Wi-FiProtectedAccess2(PN)~Awirelessimplementationandthesecondgenerationof
WPAsecuritythatisbasedonthefinalIEEE802.11iamendmenttothe802.11standard.
Wi-FiSense(PN)~AfeaturethatautomaticallyattachesuserstoWi-Fihotspots.
Wi-Fi,WiFi~(WIrelessFIdelity)-Amethodofconnectingcomputerstoanetwork
withoutcables,usingsmallradiotransmitter/receiversbuiltintomostportabledevices
andbroadbandmodems.ManyhotelsandotherpubliclocationsnowofferfreeWiFiif
youhaveasuitabledevice,suchasalaptop,tabletorsmartphone.
wiki(n)~AWebsitethatprovidesaninfrastructureforuserstoeasilycreate,edit,and
deletecontent,hyperlinks,andWebpagesforthesiteusingaWebbrowserandsimpletext
syntax.
Wiki~Awebsitewheretheuserscreateandeditthecontentcollaboratively,thebest
knownbeing-Wikipedia,ahugeonlineencyclopedia.Entriesoncontroversialsubjects
shouldbeviewedwithcaution,astheymayhavebeeneditedbypersonswithstrongbut
notnecessarilyaccurateviews.AnyonecancreateaWikiusingfree-open
source-software.
Wikipedia~Theworld’slargestonlineencyclopedia,whichcanbeeditedbyanyoneat
all.www.wikipedia.org
wikis~Awikiisasimplecollaborativesystemforcreatingandmaintaininghyperlinked
collectionsofWebpages.Awikiusuallyenablesuserstoaddorchangepages‘incontext’
withouthavingtoworryaboutwhereandhowthecontentisphysicallystored.
wildcard(n)~Akeyboardcharacterthatcanbeusedtorepresentoneormanycharacters
whenconductingaquery.
wildcardcharacter(n)~Akeyboardcharacterthatcanbeusedtorepresentoneormany
characterswhenconductingaquery.
wildcardsearch(n)~Asearchfordatainatableorfieldusingplaceholders(suchas*or
?).
wildcarding(n)~InDNS,thesupporteduseofwildcardcharacterssuchastheasterisk
(*)indomainnamesforDNSqueriesthatresolvetomultiplenames.Whenwildcardingis
used,DNSserversmustsupportresolvingnamequeriesthatusewildcardcharacters,and
resolversmustbeabletoparsemultiplerecordsfromanyresourcerecordsets(RRsets)
issuedinwildcardqueryresponses.
WildList~TheWildListhasbeenusedasa‘referencestandard’bymanyantivirustesting
organizationsthatrequire100%detectionofacknowledged‘inthewild’virusesfortested
productstoattainvarious,‘desirable’certificationlevels.
willcall(n)~Ashippingmethodthatindicatesanorderwillbepickedupinsteadofbeing
shipped.
WIMBoot(n)~AbootprocessthatenablesWindowstostartandrundirectlyfroma
compressed.wimfile.
Win32API(n)~A32-bitapplicationprogramminginterfaceforWindowsoperating
systemsthatincludessophisticatedoperatingsystemcapabilities,security,andAPI
routinesforWindows-basedapplications.
Win95~Windows95.See-Windows.
Win98~Windows98.See-Windows.
Win9x~CompatiblewithorpertainingtobothWindows95andWindows98.
window(n)~Arectangularareaonacomputerscreeninwhichprogramsandcontent
appear.
window(n)~Asubsetofeventswithinastreamthatfallwithinsomeperiodoftime;that
is,awindowcontainseventdataalongatimeline.
windowclass(n)~Asetofattributesthatthesystemusesasatemplatetocreatea
window.
windowframe(n)~Theframeworkthatishostingthewindow.
WindowGallery(n)~Agallerycontainingthumbnailviewsofopenapplication
windows.
windowghosting(n)~ADesktopWindowManagerfeaturethatletstheuserminimize,
move,orclosetheprimarywindowofanapplicationthatisnotresponding.
windowglass(n)~Avisualeffectthatimpartsaqualityoftranslucencytowindows.
windowhandle(n)~Ahandlethatuniquelyidentifiesawindow.
windowinterval(n)~Thelengthoftimeduringwhichapre-configurednumberof
similareventsarewrittentoPlanningServerlogfiles,whenfilteringisenabled.
windowpane(n)~Aportionofasoftwarewindowboundedbyandseparatedfromother
portionsbyverticalorhorizontalbarsandhavingaseparatefunction.
windowprocedure(n)~Afunction,calledbytheoperatingsystem,thatcontrolsthe
appearanceandbehaviorofitsassociatedwindows.Theprocedurereceivesandprocesses
allmessagestothesewindows.
windowedmode(n)~Avisualsettingthatenablesappscreencontenttodisplayina
window.
Windows~Afamilyof-operatingsystemsfromtheMicrosoftCorporation,standardon
mostPCs.
Windows10(PN)~Theversion10oftheWindowsoperatingsystemthatrunsonPCs
andtablets.
Windows10Education(PN)~AneditionofWindows10availablethroughvolume
licensing,thatisdesignedforeducationinstitutions,andincludesallofthefeaturesof
Windows10Pro,plussomeotherfeatureslikevirtualization,management,DirectAccess,
andBranchCache.
Windows10EducationN(PN)~RegulatoryEditionofEducationEditiontocomplywith
themandatoryrequirementsforEUmarketandKoreangovernment
Windows10Enterprise(PN)~AneditionofWindows10thatisavailableonlythrough
volumelicensing,isdesignedforbusinesses,andincludesallofthefeaturesofWindows
10Pro,plussomeotherfeatureslikevirtualization,management,DirectAccess,and
BranchCache.
Windows10Enterprise2015LTSB(PN)~Longtermandlessfrequentservicing
updatesforWindows10Enterprise2015edition.
Windows10Enterprise2015LTSBEvaluation(PN)~Longtermandlessfrequent
servicingupdatesforWindows10Enterprise2015Evaluationedition.
Windows10Enterprise2015LTSBN(PN)~RegulatoryEditionofLTSB-V2015
EditiontocomplywiththemandatoryrequirementsforEUmarketandKorean
government
Windows10Enterprise2015LTSBNEvaluation(PN)~RegulatoryEditionofLTSB-
V2015EvaluationEditiontocomplywiththemandatoryrequirementsforEUmarketand
Koreangovernment
Windows10EnterpriseEvaluation(PN)~TheevaluationeditionofWindows10
Enterprise.
Windows10EnterpriseInsiderPreview(PN)~?AprereleasebuildofWindows10for
enterprisesavailabletocustomersinApril2015orlater.
Windows10EnterpriseN(PN)~RegulatoryEditionofEnterpriseEditiontocomply
withthemandatoryrequirementsforEUmarketandKoreangovernment
Windows10EnterpriseNEvaluation(PN)~RegulatoryEditionofEnterprise
EvaluationEditiontocomplywiththemandatoryrequirementsforEUmarketandKorean
government
Windows10EnterpriseTechnicalPreview(PN)~?AprereleasebuildofWindows10
forenterprisesavailabletocustomersinOctober2014andJanuary2015.
Windows10Holographic(PN)~AneditionofWindows10designedforHoloLens.
Windows10Home(PN)~?AneditionofWindows10designedforhomeusers.
Windows10HomeInsiderPreview(PN)~?AprereleasebuildofWindows10made
availabletocustomersin-April2015orlater.ThisisthemostbasiceditionofWindows
10InsiderPreview.
Windows10HomeInsiderPreviewSingleLanguage(PN)~Thesingle-language
editionofWindows10InsiderPreview.
Windows10HomeN(PN)~RegulatoryEditionofHomeEditiontocomplywiththe
mandatoryrequirementsforEUmarketandKoreangovernment
Windows10HomeSingleLanguage(PN)~Thesingle-languageeditionofWindows10
Home.
Windows10IoTCore(PN)~AneditionofWindows10optimizedforfixedfunctionIoT
devices.
Windows10IoTCoreDeviceCenter(PN)~Awin32desktopapplicationthat
downloadsandflashestheoperatingsystem(Windows10IoTCore)ontoanSDcard,
and-allowsuserstoviewdataaboutallactivedevicesonanetwork.
Windows10IoTEnterprise(PN)~AneditionofWindows10forarangeofpowerful
IoTdevicesthatprovidesgranularlockdowncapabilities,Win32andmodernappsupport.
Windows10IoTMobile(PN)~AneditionofWindows10formobileIoTdevicesthat
needarichuserexperienceandgranularlockdowncapabilities.
Windows10Mobile(PN)~AneditionofWindows10designedtorunonmobiledevices.
Windows10MobileEnterprise(PN)~EnterpriseeditionofWindows10formobile
phones.
Windows10MobileInsiderPreview(PN)~?AprereleasebuildofWindows10for
phonesthatwasmadeavailabletoInsiders.
Windows10MobileTechnicalPreview(PN)~AprereleasebuildofWindows10for
phonesthatwasmadeavailabletoInsiders.
Windows10Pro(PN)~AneditionofWindows10designedforenthusiastsand
businessesthatincludesthefeaturesofHomeeditionwhilealsoallowinganorganization
tomanagethedevice,setpolicies,controlencryption,controlupdates,andloginremotely.
Windows10ProInsiderPreview(PN)~?TheprofessionaleditionofWindows10
InsiderPreviewreleasedinApril2015orlater.
Windows10ProN(PN)~RegulatoryEditionofProEditiontocomplywiththe
mandatoryrequirementsforEUmarketandKoreangovernment
Windows10ProPack(PN)~AdownloadablepackthataddsfeaturestoWindows8or
Windows8.1SingleLanguageeditionstomovethemtoaWindows10Proedition.
Windows10ProTechnicalPreview(PN)~TheprofessionaleditionoftheWindows
TechnicalPreviewbuildthatisreleasedinJanuary2015.
Windows10Team(PN)~Anappliance-likeeditionoftheOSfocusedonlargescreen
computingforteams(orgroups).
Windows10TechnicalPreview(PN)~AprereleasebuildofWindows10thatwasmade
availabletocustomersinOctober2014andinJanuary2015.Thisisthemostbasicedition
ofWindows10TechnicalPreviewbuild.
Windows10TechnicalPreviewforphones(PN)~AprereleasebuildofWindows10for
phonesthatwasmadeavailabletoInsiders.
Windows10TechnicalPreviewSL(PN)~Thesingle-languageeditionofWindows10
TechnicalPreview.
Windows2000~Aversionof-Windows-intendedforbusinessusers,thesuccessor
to-WindowsNT.Nowobsolete.
Windows3,3.1,3.11~AveryearlyversionofWindows,asortofforerunnerofthe
operatingsystemthatranontopoftheoriginalPCoperatingsystem,DOS.Longobsolete.
Windows7Enterprise(PN)~AneditionofMicrosoftWindows7operatingsystemthat
isdesignedtosignificantlylowerITcostsandrisks,andtomeettheneedsoflarge,global
organizationswithcomplexITinfrastructures.
Windows7hardwarelogo(n)~Logoassignedtothehardwareproductsthathavepassed
MicrosoftdesignedtestsforcompatibilityandreliabilityonWindows7.
Windows7HomeBasic(PN)~AneditionofMicrosoftWindows7operatingsystemthat
isdesignedforuserswhohavebasiccomputingneeds,suchase-mail,browsingthe
Internet,andviewingphotos.
Windows7HomePremium(PN)~AneditionofMicrosoftWindows7operatingsystem
thatisdesignedforuserswhowanttogobeyonde-mailandWebsurfingtoimprove
personalproductivityandenjoydigitalentertainment.
Windows7logo(n)~LogoassignedtotheproductsthathavepassedMicrosoft-designed
testsforcompatibilityandreliabilityonWindows7.
Windows7LogoProgram(PN)~Aprogramdesignedtoidentifycompatibleandreliable
systems,software,andhardwareproductsthathavepassedMicrosoft-designedtestsfor
compatibilityandreliabilityonWindows7.
Windows7Professional(PN)~AneditionofMicrosoftWindows7operatingsystemthat
isdesignedforuserswhoownorrunasmallbusiness.
Windows7softwarelogo(n)~Logoassignedtothesoftwareproductsthathavepassed
MicrosoftdesignedtestsforcompatibilityandreliabilityonWindows7.
Windows7Starter(PN)~AneditionofMicrosoftWindows7operatingsystemthatis
availableinemergingmarkets,andisdesignedforabeginningPCuserwithadditional
toolsandtutorialstomakeiteasiertouse.
Windows7Ultimate(PN)~ThemostcompleteeditionofMicrosoftWindows7
operatingsystemthatisdesignedforuserswhousethesamecomputerathomeandfor
theirdailywork.
Windows7,8etc~See-Windows
Windows8(PN)~TheoperatingsystemforPCsandtabletspoweredbyx86(32-bit)and
AMD(64-bit)processorsthatincludesanupdatedWindowsExplorer,TaskManager,
bettermulti-monitorsupport,andfastlanguageswitching.
Windows8app(PN)~AnappthattargetsWindows8.ItcouldbeaWindowsStoreapp
oradesktopapp.
Windows8ConsumerPreview(PN)~ThebetareleaseoftheWindows8operating
system.
Windows8Enterprise(PN)~AneditionofWindows8thatisavailableonlythrough
volumelicensing.
Windows8MediaCenterPack(PN)~Amediapackadd-ontoWindows8Prothat
upgradestheeditiontoincludeWindowsMediaCenter.
Windows8Pro(PN)~Theoperatingsystemdesignedforenthusiastsand
business/technicalprosthatincludesallofthefeaturesinWindows8,plusfeaturesfor
encryption,virtualization,PCmanagement,anddomainconnectivity.
Windows8ProPack(PN)~AdownloadablepackthataddsfeaturestoWindows8or
Windows8SingleLanguageeditionstomovethemtoaWindows8Proeditionwith
WindowsMediaCenterinstalled.
Windows8ProwithMediaCenter(PN)~AneditionofWindows8Prothatcontains
WindowsMediaCenter.
Windows8ReleasePreview(PN)~ThereleasecandidatereleaseoftheWindows8
operatingsystem.
Windows8SingleLanguage(PN)~AneditionofWindows8designedtomake
Windowsaffordabletomainstreamconsumersinemergingmarkets.
Windows8UpgradeAssistant(PN)~“Adownloadableappthathelpsuserschoose
whicheditionofWindows8isrightforthem,determineiftheirhardwarecansupportit,
determinethecompatibilityofappsanddevicesandassistwithanychangesthatare
needed,andthenpurchaseandinstallitfromwithintheapp.”
Windows8.1(PN)~AnupdatedversionofWindows8,whichletsyouwatchmoviesor
playgameswithXbox,Skypewithfriends,accessfilesanywherewithOneDrive,orfind
yournextfavoriteappintheWindowsStore.
Windows8.1Enterprise(PN)~TheeditionofWindows8.1thatisavailableonly
throughvolumelicensing.
Windows8.1EnterpriseUpdate(PN)~ThesoftwareupdatetoWindows8.1Enterprise
thatgivesusersamorefamiliarandconvenientexperienceacrosstouch,keyboardand
mouseinputsandenablesmoreaffordableWindowsdevicechoices.
Windows8.1Preview(PN)~Windows8.1inapreviewformtogetasmanyWindows
8.0usersaspossibletotryitout.
Windows8.1Pro(PN)~TheeditionofWindows8.1designedforenthusiastsand
business/technicalprosthatincludesallofthefeaturesinWindows8.1,plusfeaturesfor
encryption,virtualization,PCmanagement,anddomainconnectivity.
Windows8.1ProforEducation(PN)~TheeditionofWindows8.1Prothatisoptimized
forstudentsandeducationalinstitutions.
Windows8.1ProUpdate(PN)~ThesoftwareupdatetoWindows8.1Prothatgives
usersamorefamiliarandconvenientexperienceacrosstouch,keyboardandmouseinputs
andenablesmoreaffordableWindowsdevicechoices.
Windows8.1ProwithMediaCenter(PN)~TheeditionofWindows8.1Prothat
containsWindowsMediaCenter.
Windows8.1ProwithMediaCenterUpdate(PN)~ThesoftwareupdatetoWindows
8.1ProwithMediaCenterthatgivesusersamorefamiliarandconvenientexperience
acrosstouch,keyboardandmouseinputsandenablesmoreaffordableWindowsdevice
choices.
Windows8.1SingleLanguage(PN)~TheeditionofWindows8.1designedtomake
Windowsaffordabletomainstreamconsumersinemergingmarkets.
Windows8.1SingleLanguageUpdate(PN)~ThesoftwareupdatetoWindows8.1
SingleLanguagethatgivesusersamorefamiliarandconvenientexperienceacrosstouch,
keyboardandmouseinputsandenablesmoreaffordableWindowsdevicechoices.
Windows8.1Update(PN)~ThesoftwareupdatetoWindows8.1thatgivesusersamore
familiarandconvenientexperienceacrosstouch,keyboardandmouseinputsandenables
moreaffordableWindowsdevicechoices.
Windows8.1withBing(PN)~TheeditionofWindows8.1thathasthesearchenginein
InternetExplorerdefaultedtoBing.
Windows98SE~(SecondEdition)-AnupgradetoMicrosoft’sWindows98.Generally
agreedtobethebestoftheWin9xbunch.
WindowsAC(PN)~AtoolintheWindowsADKthatusesassessmentstocreatejobsthat
evaluatequalityandviewtheresultsafterajobruns.TheWindowsACcanalsopackagea
jobandothernecessaryfiles,savethefilesinafolderthatcontainsanexecutablefile,
movethejobtoanothercomputer,andthenrunthejobonthenewcomputer.
Windowsaccounting(n)~TheaccountingprocesscarriedoutbyWindowsasaccounting
provider.
Windowsactivation(n)~TheprocessofactivatingWindows.
WindowsActivationClient(n)~Theapplicationthathelpstheusertoactivatea
WindowsproductwithMicrosoft.
WindowsActivationTechnologies(PN)~Asetofantipiracyfeaturesforactivationand
validationinWindowsVistaandWindows7.
WindowsADK(PN)~Asuiteoftoolsdesignedtohelporiginalequipment
manufacturers,systembuilders,corporateITprofessionals,andenthusiastscustomize,
automate,assess,anddeploytheWindowsoperatingsystemontonewhardware.
WindowsAlarms&Clock(PN)~Anappthatenablesusertouseclock,checkworld
clocks,setalarms,settimersandrunastopwatch.
WindowsAll-UserInstallAgent(PN)~AnagentthatinstallsWindowsStoreappsforall
usersonamachine.
WindowsAPI(n)~Thefunctions,messages,datastructures,datatypes,andstatements
youcanuseincreatingapplicationsthatrununderMicrosoftWindows95orlater,
includingproceduredeclarations,user-definedtypedefinitions,andconstantdeclarations.
Windowsapp(n)~Anapplicationexperiencethatis-installedonaWindows-based
device.ThistypeofappdoesnotincludeClassicWindowsapplications.
Windowsapp(n)~AnappthatisbuiltusingtheUniversal-WindowsPlatform(UWP),
whichwasfirstintroducedinWindows8astheWindowsRuntime.
WindowsAppCertificationKit(PN)~ApartoftheWindowsSDKthatvalidatesboth
WindowsStoreappsfortheWindowsStoreandWindowsdesktopapplications.
Windowsapplication(n)~AsoftwareapplicationdesignedforusewiththeMicrosoft
Windowsenvironment.
WindowsAS(PN)~Anend-to-endtestlabsolutionthatenablestheautomationof
computerandimageinventory,testexecution,andlocalresultsgenerationinapre-
manufacturinglabenvironment.
WindowsASC(PN)~ThegraphicaluserinterfacethatisusedtomanageWindows
AssessmentServicessettingsandassets,suchaswhichlabcomputerstotest,which
imagesshouldbeappliedtothosecomputers,andwhichassessmentsshouldbeusedto
testthecomputers.
WindowsAssessmentandDeploymentKit(PN)~Asuiteoftoolsdesignedtohelp
originalequipmentmanufacturers,systembuilders,corporateITprofessionals,and
enthusiastscustomize,automate,assess,anddeploytheWindowsoperatingsystemonto
newhardware.
WindowsAssessmentConsole(PN)~AtoolintheWindowsADKthatusesassessments
tocreatejobsthatevaluatequalityandviewtheresultsafterajobruns.TheWindowsAC
canalsopackageajobandothernecessaryfiles,savethefilesinafolderthatcontainsan
executablefile,movethejobtoanothercomputer,andthenrunthejobonthenew
computer.
WindowsAssessmentServices(PN)~Anend-to-endtestlabsolutionthatenablesthe
automationofcomputerandimageinventory,testexecution,andlocalresultsgeneration
inapre-manufacturinglabenvironment.
WindowsAssessmentServices-€“Client(PN)~Thegraphicaluserinterfacethatisused
tomanageWindowsAssessmentServicessettingsandassets,suchaswhichlab
computerstotest,whichimagesshouldbeappliedtothosecomputers,andwhich
assessmentsshouldbeusedtotestthecomputers.
WindowsAssessmentToolkit(PN)~Atoolkitthathelpsyoudeterminethequalityofa
runningoperatingsystemorasetofcomponentswithregardtoperformance,reliability
andfunctionality.Thetoolkitincludesseveralassessmentsandprovidesthetoolsneeded
torunassessmentsonalocalcomputeroronmultiplecomputers,andreviewtheresultsof
theassessmentstodiagnoseproblemsanddeterminehowtomakeimprovements.
WindowsAssistanceOnline(n)~AWorldWideWebversionofWindowsClientHelp.
WindowsAutomatedInstallationKit(n)~AMicrosoftsuiteoftoolsdesignedtohelp
originalequipmentmanufacturers,systembuilders,andcorporateITprofessionals
customize,automate,anddeployWindowsVistaoperatingsystemontonewhardware.
WindowsAutomaticFeedback(PN)~AgenericdialogforenablingbothCEIPand
WERonmultiplemachinessimultaneouslyusingServerManager.
WindowsAzureOnlineBackupPreview(n)~Thenon-finalreleaseoftheAzure-based
backupsolutionenablingserverdatatobebackedupandrecoveredfromthecloudin
ordertohelpprotectagainstlossandcorruption.
WindowsBackup(n)~AfilebackupfeatureofWindowsVistathatperformsscheduled
incrementalbackupsofdatatothetargetmedia.Italsoallowstheusertorestorean
individualfileoragroupoffiles.
WindowsBasics(n)~AtutorialoutliningbasicWindowsfeatures,workflowand
information.
WindowsBiometricCredentialManager(PN)~TheWindowscomponentthatstores
andmanagesbiometriccredentialssuchasfingerprints.
WindowsBiometricFramework(PN)~Thecollectionoftechnologiesandinfrastructure
requiredtosupportbiometricsinWindows.
WindowsBiometricService(PN)~AprivilegedWindowsservicethatinterfaceswith
biometrichardwarethroughtheWindowsBiometricDriverInterface,andmanagesthe
capture,matchingandstorageofbiometricdata,andexposesthiscapabilityto
applicationsthroughtheWindowsBiometricAPI.
WindowsBluetoothstack(n)~ABluetoothstackthatisbuiltintheWindowsoperating
system.Italsosupportsthird-partydriverdevelopment.
WindowsBootManager(n)~ABootConfigurationData(BCD)applicationobject.
WindowsBranchCache(PN)~AWindowscomponentthathelpsspeeddatatransfer
withinremote(branch)officesbycachingthedataonalocalserverorindividualPCs.
Windowsbutton(PN)~AtablethardwarebuttonwiththeWindowslogoonitthat’s
similartotheWindowskeyonakeyboard.PressingthePowerandWindowsbuttons
simultaneouslyistheequivalentofpressingCtrl+Alt+Del.
WindowsCalculator(PN)~Theappthatcalculates(standardandscientific)and
converts.
WindowsCalendar(PN)~TheMicrosoftapptofacilitatethemanagementofevents.
WindowsCall(PN)~Anappformakingvideocalls.
WindowsCamera(PN)~Anapptofacilitatethecaptureofphotosandvideosbyusing
thePC.
WindowsCameraforLumia(PN)~TheCameraapp-that-comespre-installed-onhigh-
endLumiadevices.
WindowsCE(PN)~Anoperatingsystemspeciallydesignedformobiledevices.
WindowsCertificationProgram(PN)~Acertificationprogramtoensurethatdevices,
systems,andappsarecompatible,reliable,andcanperformtomeetWindowsstandards.
WindowsCertificationProgramforHardware(PN)~Acertificationprogramtoensure
thatsystemsandhardwarearecompatibleandreliableandcanperformtomeetWindows
standards.
WindowsClientProtection(n)~Astrategyincludingcomponentsandfeaturesof
WindowsVistathatallowssystemadministratorstomanagethesystemfromoneplaceby
combiningantivirusandanti-spywaresoftware.
WindowsCommunicationFoundation(PN)~Amanagedtechnologythatisusedto
buildandmanageservice-orientedWindowssystems.
WindowsCommunicationFoundationapplicationservice(n)~Anapplicationservice
suchasauthentication,profileproperties,orroles,thatcanbeaccessedbyanynon-
ASP.NETapplicationthatcanreadandsendmessagesinSOAPformat.WCFservices
enabledifferenttypesofapplicationstosharecommondata,suchasusercredentialsfor
loggingin.
WindowsCommunicationsApps(PN)~ThedownloadpackagethatincludesPeople,
Messaging,Mail,andCalendar.
WindowsCompatibilityEvaluator(PN)~Acommand-lineprogramlaunchedbyACT-
DCandconfiguredbytheuserthroughthedatacollectionpackage(DCP)settings.Itmay
runimmediatelyandexitoritmaycontinuetomonitorsystemactivitythroughoutthe
durationoftimeconfiguredbytheuser.
Windowscomponentlibrary(n)~Alibraryofcomponentsthathaveaversionthatcan
beindependentfromthemajorWindowsversion.TheWindowsStoremanagesthe
processofensuringthatthecorrectversionoftheWindowscomponentlibraryispresent
whentheappisinstalledonaWindows8PC.Theselibraries,whichincludeWindows
LibraryforJavaScript,CRuntimeLibraries(CRT),andPlayReadyDRM,areessentialto
thecreationofWindowsStoreapps.
WindowsConnectNow(n)~Atechnologythatallowsforeaseofcreatinganewor
expandinganexistingwirelessnetwork.Thissetupcanbedoneautomaticallyusinga
USBflashdriverormanuallythroughaWirelessNetworkSetupwizard.
WindowsContacts(n)~Adirectorythatyoucanusetostorenames,e-mailaddresses,
faxnumbers,anddistributionlists.
WindowsDAC(n)~AsuiteofdataaccessAPIsthatshipwiththeWindowsoperating
system.DataAccessComponentsincludesthreemajorAPIsurfaces-€”ADO,OLEDB,
andODBC-€”eachofwhichisoptimizedforadifferentsetofapplications.Allthree
majorcomponentsofDataAccessComponentsemploytheprovidermodel,whichallows
accesstoavarietyofdatasourcesusingavirtuallyidenticalsetofprogrammaticcalls.
WindowsDefender(PN)~AntispywaresoftwareincludedinWindowsthatcanprevent
othersoftwarefromdisplayingadvertisements(suchaspop-upads),collectinformation
aboutyou,orchangesettingsonyourcomputer,generallywithoutappropriatelyobtaining
yourconsent.
WindowsDefenderalertlevel(n)~Aclassificationofsoftwarethathelpyouquickly
understandiftheitemisharmfulandwhetheryouneedtotakeactionimmediatelyorif
youshouldreviewmoredetails.
WindowsDeploymentServices(PN)~Softwareservicesthatallowanadministratorto
setupnewclientcomputersremotely,withouthavingtovisiteachclient.Thetarget
clientsmustsupportremotebooting.
Windowsdesktopapplication(n)~?Anapplicationthatisbuiltusingthetraditional
Win32appmodel,typicallymakesuseoftheCOMor.NETruntime,andrunsonlyonthe
desktopofWindows.
WindowsDesktopAppsCertificationKit(PN)~Toolsanddocumentationtocertify
appsforWindows.
WindowsDevCenter(PN)~Theonlinecenterthatquicklygetsyoutheinfoandtools
youneedforWindowsdevelopment.
WindowsDevCenterdesktopdashboard(n)~Theentrypointtothedesktopsectionof
theWindowsDevCenterwhereuserscancertifydesktopappsforWindows,exchange
informationwithMicrosoft,andobtainservices.
WindowsDevCenterhardwareanddesktopdashboard(n)~Theentrypointtothe
hardwareanddesktopdevelopmentsectionsoftheWindowsDevCenterwhereuserscan
certifyhardwareanddesktopappsforWindows,distributedrivers,exchangeinformation
withMicrosoft,andobtainservices.
WindowsDevCenterhardwaredashboard(n)~Theentrypointtothehardwaresection
oftheWindowsDevCenterwhereuserscancertifyhardwareforWindows,distribute
driversbyusingWindowsUpdate,exchangeinformationwithMicrosoft,andobtain
services.
WindowsDeveloperPreview(PN)~AnonfinalreleaseofWindowsthat’smadeavailable
todevelopers.
Windowsdevice(n)~?Adevice(e.g.phone,tablet,orPC)thatrunsWindows.
WindowsDiagnosisandRecovery(n)~AfeatureinWindowsthatallowsuserstorun
systemdiagnosticsandtroubleshooting.
WindowsDiagnosticInfrastructure(n)~Aframeworkthatenablesrootcausedetection
offailuresforWindowscomponentsthroughdynamictracing.
WindowsDiagnostics(n)~AfeatureofWindowsthatchecksforproblemsassociated
withnetworkconnections.
WindowsDiskDiagnostic(n)~FeatureofWindowsthatproactivelydetectsimpending
diskfailuresandcanalertthesupportcentertoreplacethefailingharddiskbeforetotal
failureoccurs.Foradministrators,thisfeaturewillguidethemthroughtheprocessof
backinguptheirdatasotheharddiskcanbereplacedwithoutdataloss.
WindowsDiskProtection(PN)~AfeaturethathelpsprotecttheWindowspartitionthat
containstheWindowsoperatingsystemandotherprogramsfrombeingpermanently
modifiedfromusersessiontousersession.
Windowsdistribution(n)~ThecollectionoffilesreleasedwithWindows.Thiscollection
includesthelangpacksdirectory,thesourcesdirectory,andotherdirectoriesandfiles
requiredforWindowsSetup.Insomescenarios,languagepacksmustbecopiedtothe
langpacksdirectoryandnotinstalleddirectlyintothe.wimfile.
Windowsdriverfoundation(n)~Aframeworkthatprovidesprewrittensupportforthe
requirementsofWindowsdrivermodel(WDM),givingMicrosoftWindowsdevice-driver
developerstheabilitytobetterfocusontheirdevicemodels.Thedriverframework
reducestheamountofnewcoderequiredtoprovideafull-featuredWDMdevicedriver.
WindowsDriverKit(PN)~TheSDKthatcontainsallthetoolsanddownloadsneededto
buildadriverforWindows.
WindowsDriverLibrary(n)~AcollectionofhardwaredevicedriversforaMicrosoft
WindowsoperatingsystemthatwerenotincludedintheoriginalWindowspackage.
WindowsDriverModel(PN)~AdrivermodelbasedontheWindowsNTdrivermodel
thatisdesignedtoprovideacommonarchitectureofI/OservicesforWindowsoperating
systemsforspecificclassesofdrivers.ThesedriverclassesincludeUSBandIEEE1394
buses,audio,still-imagecapture,videocapture,andHID-compliantdevicessuchasUSB
mice,keyboards,andjoysticks.Providesamodelforwritingkernel-modedriversand
minidrivers,andprovidesextensionsforPlugandPlayandpowermanagement.
WindowsDS(PN)~Softwareservicesthatallowanadministratortosetupnewclient
computersremotely,withouthavingtovisiteachclient.Thetargetclientsmustsupport
remotebooting.
WindowsDVDMaker(n)~AfeatureofWindowsVistathatallowsuserstomakeDVDs
frommoviescreatedusingtheWindowsMovieMakersoftware.
WindowsDVDPlayer(PN)~First-partyWindowsappforplayingcommercialand
homemadeDVD-Videodiscs.
WindowsEasyTransfer(PN)~AWindowstoolthatassistsconsumersinmovingtheir
data(documentsandsettings)tothenewenvironment.
WindowsEmbedded8Handheld(PN)~AMicrosoftoperatingsystembuiltonWindows
Phone8designedforhandheldportabledevices.
WindowsEmbeddedHandheld(PN)~AMicrosoftoperatingsystemdesignedfor
handheldportabledevices.
WindowsErrorReporting(PN)~TheWindowstechnologythatcollectsdataonsystem
crashesorhangsandsendsittoMicrosoft.
WindowsEssentialBusinessServerMessagingServer(PN)~Theserverthatprovides
messagingcapabilitiesandmanagesnetworkservicesforWindowsEssentialBusiness
Server.
WindowsEssentials(PN)~ThesetofMicrosoftsoftwareforemail,instantmessaging,
photos,andpersonalmoviesavailabletocustomersinasingledownloadandinstallation.
WindowsEssentials2012(PN)~AsetofappsthatincludesMessenger,PhotoGallery,
MovieMaker,OneDrive,Mail,Writer,andFamilySafety.(FamilySafetyisonlyincluded
inWindows7downloads;it’sbuiltintoWindows8.)
WindowsExperienceIndex(n)~Ameasureofthecapabilityofyourcomputer’s
hardwareandsoftwareconfiguration,expressedinnumberscalledbasescoreand
subscore.
WindowsExplorer(PN)~Autilitythatenablestheusertolocateandopenfilesand
folders.
Windowsextensibilitypoints(n)~Amechanismthatanappcanusetointeractwiththe
systemorwithotherapps.Youmustdeclareextensibilitypointsinthepackagemanifest.
WindowsFabric(n)~Adistributedsystemsplatformthatmakesiteasytobuildscalable,
reliable,low-latency,andeasilymanagedservicesandapplicationsforthecloud.
WindowsFaxandScan(n)~AfeatureinWindowsVistathatallowstheusertomanage
faxingandscanningfunctions.
WindowsFeedback(PN)~Theappusedtoprovideproductfeedbackthatresultsfrom
theWindowsInsiderProgram.
WindowsFeedbackForwarder(PN)~Aforwardingservicethatenablesyouto
automaticallyandsecurelysendfeedbacktoMicrosoftaftersettingupaGroupPolicy
domainororganizationalunit.AfterconfiguringGroupPolicyandjoiningtheCustomer
ExperienceImprovementProgram(CEIP),Windowsperiodicallycollectsanduploads
statisticalinformation.
WindowsFeedbackPlatform(n)~ADLLcontainingthelistofproblemsonaparticular
computerthatrequireadditionaldatacollectionfordiagnosis.
WindowsFileProtection(n)~Afeaturethatrunsinthebackgroundandprotectsyour
systemfilesfrombeingoverwritten.Whenafileinaprotectedfolderismodified,WFP
determineswhetherthenewfileisthecorrectMicrosoftversionorwhetherthefileis
digitallysigned.Ifnot,themodifiedfileisreplacedwithavalidversion.
WindowsFilteringPlatform(n)~AnarchitectureinMicrosoftWindowsthatallows
unprecedentedaccesstotheTCP/IPpacketprocessingpath,whereinoutgoingand
incomingpacketscanbeexaminedorchangedbeforeallowingthemtobeprocessed
further.
WindowsFingerprintCredentialProvider(PN)~TheWindowscomponentthat
providesfingerprintinformationthatisusedtogainaccesstolocalandnetworkresources.
WindowsFirewall(n)~AControlPanelfeaturethatisusedtosetrestrictionsonwhat
trafficisallowedtoenteryournetworkfromtheInternet.
WindowsFirewallConfigurationProvider(PN)~Aproviderthatletsadministrators
manageWindowsIntunepolicysettingsforWindowsFirewalltocontrolincomingand
outgoingtrafficonclientcomputersthataremanagedbyWindowsIntune.
WindowsFirewallshieldedmode(n)~AfeaturesofWindowsFirewallthatblocks
everything.
WindowsFirewallwithAdvancedSecurity(n)~Asnap-inwhichallowsusersto
configurepoliciesthatprovideenhancednetworksecurityforWindowscomputers.
WindowsFlip(n)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstoflipthroughopenwindows(byusing
Alt+Tab),providingalivethumbnailofeachwindow,ratherthanjustagenericiconand
filename.
WindowsFlip3D(n)~Afeaturethatallowsuserstousethescrollwheelontheirmouse
toflipthroughopenwindowsinastack,andquicklylocateandselecttheonetheywantto
workwith.
WindowsFontCacheService(PN)~AWin32serviceprocessthatoptimizes
performanceofapplicationsbycachingcommonlyusedfontdata.Applicationswillstart
thisserviceifitisnotalreadyrunning.Itcanbedisabled,thoughdoingsowilldegrade
applicationperformance.
WindowsForms(PN)~AMicrosoft.NETFrameworkprogrammingmodelfor
developinggraphicaluserinterfaces.
WindowsFormsDesigner(PN)~AtoolthatenablestherapiddevelopmentofWindows-
basedapplications.Itallowsyoutoaddcontrolstoaform,arrangethem,andwritecode
fortheirevents.
WindowsGadgetPlatform(PN)~AWindowsremovablecomponentthatenables
applicationstoprogrammaticallyaddgadgetstotheWindowsDesktopduringapplication
setuporfirstrun.Italsooffersuserstheabilitytoinstallandrungadgetsontheirdesktops
forpersonalizationandfunctionalneeds.
WindowsGenuineAdvantage(PN)~AprogramforlicensedWindowssoftwarethat
providesaccesstoupdates,value-addeddownloads,freesoftwaretrials,andspecial
promotions.
WindowsGetStarted(PN)~?Thebuilt-inappthatteachescustomersthebasictasksof
gettingstartedwithWindows10andwhat’snewineachupdate.
Windowsgrace(n)~Astatebetweenlicensedandnon-licensedfortheuserto
activate/reactivatetheWindowslicense.TypicalretailWindowswillbeunlicensedafterit
isfirstinstalledbeforeactivation.EnterpriseWindows(volumelicenseclients)mayfind
theyareinthisstateifthecomputerhasnotbeenconnectedtotheenterprisekey
managementserviceformorethan180days.Finallyacustomerwhohasinitiallyusedan
invalidproductkeythatMicrosoftlateridentifiesmaybeplacedinthisstateandaskedto
getavalidproductkey.
WindowsHardwareCertification(PN)~Acertificationprogramtoensurethatsystems
andhardwarearecompatibleandreliableandcanperformtomeetWindowsstandards.
WindowsHardwareCertificationKit(PN)~Thetestautomationframeworkusedto
certifydevicesorsystemsforWindows.
Windowshardwaredevelopment(n)~ThesectionoftheWindowsDevCenterthat
providestheinformationcustomersneedtodevelophardwareforWindows.
WindowsHardwareQualityLabs(n)~AMicrosofthardware-testingorganizationthat
producesandsupportstheMicrosoftHardwareCompatibilityTestkitforcurrent
Microsoftoperatingsystems.Bothhardwareandsoftwarearetestedbeforerightstouse
thelogoaregranted.
WindowsHCK(PN)~Thetestautomationframeworkusedtocertifydevicesorsystems
forWindows.
WindowsHello(PN)~Theabilitytounlockyourdevicebydetectingyourface,iris,or
fingerprint.
WindowsHomeGroup(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatenablesuserstosharepictures,
music,videos,documents,andprinterswithotherpeopleonahomenetwork.
WindowsHPCServer(PN)~Ahigh-performancecomputingsolutionbuiltonWindows
Servertechnology.
WindowsICD(PN)~Atoolthatallowsthecreationofaprovisioningpackagethatcanbe
usedtocustomizeWindowsdeviceswithoutre-imaging,orbuildacustomizedWindows
imageforindividualmarkets,regions,andmobilenetworks.
Windowsimage(n)~Asinglecompressedfilecontainingacollectionoffilesandfolders
thatduplicateaWindowsinstallationonadiskvolume.
WindowsImageAcquisition(PN)~Adevice-driverinterfacethatsupportsstilldigital
camerasandlow-andhigh-endscanners,andallowsretrievingofstillimagesfromIEEE
1394-basedDVcamcordersandUSB-basedWebcams.
Windowsimagefileboot(n)~AbootprocessthatenablesWindowstostartandrun
directlyfromacompressed.wimfile.
WindowsImagingandConfigurationDesigner(PN)~Atoolthatallowsthecreationof
aprovisioningpackagethatcanbeusedtocustomizeWindowsdeviceswithoutre-
imaging,orbuildacustomizedWindowsimageforindividualmarkets,regions,and
mobilenetworks.
WindowsImagingComponent(PN)~Anextensibleplatformcomponentfor
decoding/encodingdigitalimagesandperformingcommontransforms.
WindowsInsider(PN)~AparticipantintheWindowsInsiderProgram.
WindowsInsiderCommunityForum(PN)~?AcommunityforumforWindows
Insiders.
WindowsInsiderHub(PN)~Theappintheoperatingsystemwheretheusercanmanage
thebuildsintheWindowsInsider-Program.
WindowsInsiderPreview(PN)~Anyprereleasebuildofthenextversionof
Windows,-madeavailabletocustomersinSpring2015orlater.
WindowsInsiderProgram(PN)~?Anexternalprogramthatenablesparticipants(called
Insiders’)toprovidefeedbackonWindowsnewfeatures.’
WindowsInstallationCompatibilityAdvisor(PN)~AdownloadableWebapplication
thathelpsWindowsusersidentifywhicheditionofWindowsmeetstheirneeds,whether
theirPCsarereadyforanupgradetothenextWindowsversion,andwhichfeaturesofthe
suggestedWindowsversionwillbeabletorunontheirPCs.
WindowsInstaller(n)~AfeatureofWindowsthatdefinesandmanagesastandard
formatforapplicationsetupandinstallation,andtrackscomponentssuchasgroupsof
files,registryentries,andshortcuts.
WindowsInstallerpatch(n)~Aself-containedpackage(.mspfile)thatcontainsthe
updatestotheapplicationanddescribeswhichversionsoftheapplicationcanreceivethe
patch.Patchescontainataminimum,twodatabasetransformsandcancontainpatchfiles
thatarestoredinthecabinetfilestreamofthepatchpackage.
WindowsInstallerservice(PN)~AMicrosoftWindowsservicethatdefinesandmanages
astandardformatforinstallingapplications.
WindowsInternalDatabase(PN)~Arelationaldatastorethat’sincludedinWindows
andisusedbyseveralWindowsServices.
WindowsInternetgame(n)~Adesktopapplicationthatconnectstoapublicgame
serviceontheInternet.ThegameserviceishostedbytheMSNGamingZone.
WindowsInternetNameService(n)~AWindowsnameresolutionservicefornetwork
basicinput/outputsystem(NetBIOS)names.WINSisusedbyhostsrunningNetBIOS
overTCP/IP(NetBT)toregisterNetBIOSnamesandtoresolveNetBIOSnamesto
InternetProtocol(IP)addresses.
WindowsInternetNamingService(n)~AWindowsnameresolutionservicefornetwork
basicinput/outputsystem(NetBIOS)names.WINSisusedbyhostsrunningNetBIOS
overTCP/IP(NetBT)toregisterNetBIOSnamesandtoresolveNetBIOSnamesto
InternetProtocol(IP)addresses.
WindowsIntune(n)~AWindowsIntuneweb-basedportalforinformationworkersthat
allowsinformationworkerstodownloadapprovedorrecommendedsoftwareandmobile
deviceapps.
WindowsIntuneadministratorconsole(n)~Theuserinterfaceforadministratorsof
WindowsIntune.
WindowsIntuneagent(n)~Thefirstagentthatisinstalledonaclientcomputerafterthe
WindowsIntuneclientsoftwareisinstalledonaclientandtheclientisenrolledinthe
WindowsIntuneservice.Thisagentisassociatedwithtwoinstalledprogramsthathelp
monitorthehealthoftheclientcomputerandraisealertstoreportcurrentandpotential
problems.
WindowsIntuneCenter(PN)~Aprogramthatisinstalledonamanagedcomputerthat
letsusersrequestremoteassistancefromadministrators,managehowsomeupdatesare
deployedtothecomputer,andstartscansformalicioussoftware,alsoknownasmalware.
WindowsIntuneEndpointProtection(PN)~Asecuritysolutionthathelpsenhancethe
securityofclientcomputersbyprovidingreal-timeprotectionagainstpotentialthreats;
keepingmalicioussoftware,ormalware,definitionsup-to-date;andautomaticallyrunning
scans.
WindowsIntuneEndpointProtectionagent(PN)~Adaemonthatisinstalledonclient
computersandcommunicatesclientstatustotheWindowsIntuneserviceandinstallsnew
virusandspywaredefinitionsontheclient.
WindowsIntuneExchangeConnector(PN)~Adownloadablesoftwarefeatureof
WindowsIntunethattransfersdatabetweenyouron-premisesinstanceofExchange
ServerandWindowsIntuneandthatallowsWindowsIntuneadministratorstomanageany
mobiledevicethatconnectstoExchangeServer.
WindowsIntuneExchangeConnectorConfigurationTool(n)~Thetoolusedto
configuresettingsintheWindowsIntuneExchangeConnector.
WindowsIntuneMonitoringAgent(PN)~Anagentthatmonitorsthehealthofclient
computersthataremanagedbyWindowsIntune.
WindowsIntuneTools(n)~Asetofutilitiestointegratetheuserinterfaceforend-users
ofWindowsIntune.
WindowsIoTCoreWatcher(PN)~?AutilitythatIoTdeveloperscanusetofind
availableWindows10IoTCoredevicestowhichtheycandeployapps.
WindowsJournal(n)~TheTabletPCaccessorythatyouusetocreatenotesinyourown
handwriting.
Windowskey(n)~AmodifierkeywiththeWindowslogoonit.Thiskeyisusedfora
numberofWindowsshortcuts,andisreservedforWindowsuse.Forexample,pressing
theWindowslogokeydisplaysorhidestheWindowsStartmenu.
WindowsKey~Anextrakeyonkeyboardsmadeafter1995,locatedbetweenCtrland
AltandbearingtheMicrosoftWindowslogo.PressingthiskeyinanyWin95/98
applicationshouldimmediatelycalluptheTaskbarwiththeStartMenuopen.(Ifyour
keyboarddoesn’thaveaWindowskeyyoucanperformthesametaskbypressingCtrl-
Esc).
WindowsKeyring(n)~AWindowsfeaturethatcreatesanauthenticationkeythat
containsusernameandpasswordtotheWindowsuseraccount.
Windowslibrary(n)~Acollectionofitems,suchasfilesandfolders,assembledfrom
variouslocations.Thelocationsmightbeonyourcomputer,anexternalharddrive,
removablemedia,orsomeoneelse’scomputer.
WindowsLibraryforJavaScript(PN)~AsetofAPIsthatdevelopersusetocreateUI
forWindowsbyusingJavaScript.
WindowsLiveaccount(n)~Privateinformationthatacustomerprovidestoestablish
theirWindowsLiveID.Thisinformationisseparatefromthecustomer’s(outward-facing)
profileandisneversharedwithoutexplicitconsent.
WindowsLiveAdminCenter(PN)~Aservicethatenablescustomerstoimplement
WindowsLivecommunicationserviceswithintheirownpersonaldomains.
WindowsLiveAgents(PN)~Thedeveloperplatformforbuildingagents(helperbots)for
WindowsLiveMessenger.
WindowsLiveAlerts(PN)~TheWindowsLiveservicethatnotifiessomeoneofanevent
orinformationbasedontheirsubscriptionpreferences.Thealertscanbesentto
Messenger,Mail,Hotmail,oramobiledevice.
WindowsLivebutton(n)~Agraphicalnavigationalelementthatlinkstotheuser’s
WindowsLivehomepage.
WindowsLiveCalendar(PN)~TheWindowsLiveservicethatletspeopleandgroups
add,manage,andshareeventinformation.
WindowsLiveCall(PN)~TheWindowsLiveservicethatallowsuserstomake
computer-to-computerorcomputer-to-phonecalls.UsersmustbesignedintoWindows
LiveMessengertouseit.
WindowsLiveContacts(PN)~TheWindowsLiveuniversalroamingcontactlistthat
allowsuserstosharetheircontactinformationandsubscribetoothers’toautomatically
receiveupdatesacrossWindowsLiveMessengerandWindowsLiveSpaces.
WindowsLiveContactsAPI(PN)~TheAPIthatdefinesasetofwebserviceswhichcan
programmaticallyaccesstheWindowsLiveContactsAddressBookdatabase.
WindowsLiveDevices(PN)~Thewebsitewherecustomersaddcomputers(bothPCs
andMacs),mobilephones,anddigitalphotoframessotheycanaccesstheirsynced
foldersandconnectremotelytotheirdevices.
WindowsLiveEssentials(PN)~ThesetofMicrosoftsoftwareforemail,instant
messaging,photos,andpersonalmoviesavailabletocustomersinasingledownloadand
installation.
WindowsLiveEvents(PN)~TheWindowsLiveserviceforeventplanningand
invitations.
WindowsLiveFamilySafety(PN)~Softwarethatenablesparentsandguardiansto
customizechildren’swebexperiencesinordertohelpprotecttheirsafetyandprivacy
online.
WindowsLiveformobile(PN)~ThesetofWindowsLiveservicesavailableforuseon
mobiledevices.
WindowsLiveforWindowsMobile(PN)~ThesetofWindowsLiveservicesoptimized
foruseonmobiledevicesrunningWindowsMobile.
WindowsLiveFrameIt(PN)~TheWindowsLiveservicethatletssomeonesetup
dynamicphotocollectionsorothermediasourcestostreamintoadigitalphotoframe,or
anyRSS-enableddevice.
WindowsLiveGallery(PN)~Thewebsitewheredevelopersandhobbyistscanupload
theircustomcreationsdesignedtoworkwithWindowsLiveorWindowsVista.Visitorsto
thegallerycandownloadthesoftware,writereviews,andpostmessagestoonlineforums.
WindowsLiveGroups(PN)~Thewebservicewhereuserscansharetheirthoughts,
photographs,andinterestswithallmembersofagroup.Membersallcontributetoagroup
profile,andcanpostblogentries,photos,andotheritems,justastheycantoanindividual
profile.
WindowsLiveHome(PN)~ThemainlandingorstartpageonWindowsLive.
WindowsLiveHotmail(PN)~Thewebemailservicefordomainssupportedby
Microsoftaccount,including@hotmail.comand@live.com.
WindowsLiveHotmailPlus(PN)~Apremiumsubscriptionservicethatprovides
additionalonlinestorageforHotmailmessages,andthesuppressionofgraphicalads
withinHotmail.
WindowsLiveinstaller(n)~ThesoftwarethatinstallstheWindowsLivesoftware
someoneselectsontheinstallationwebpage.
WindowsLiveMail(PN)~Thedesktope-mailprogramthatletsusersmanagemultiple
e-mailaccounts,newsgroups,andfeedsinoneplace.
WindowsLiveMesh(PN)~A-€œsoftware-plus-services-€?platformandexperiencethat
enablesPCsandotherdevicesto-€œcomealive-€?bymakingthemawareofeachother
throughtheInternet,enablingindividualsandorganizationstomanage,access,andshare
theirfilesandapplicationsseamlesslyontheWebandacrosstheirworldofdevices.
WindowsLiveMessenger(PN)~Aninstantmessagingandvideochatservicedesigned
foraconsumeraudience(notfortheenterprise).Messengerisavailableviaadesktopapp,
ontheweb(noinstallationneeded),andonmobiledevices.
WindowsLiveMessengerCompanion(PN)~Anadd-onforInternetExplorerthatlets
someonesharethewebpagethey’reviewingwiththeirMessengerfriends,seewebpages
theirfriendshaveshared,andcommentonsharedwebpages.
WindowsLiveMovieMaker(PN)~Softwareforcapturing,editing,andarrangingaudio
andvideosourcematerialtocreatemovies.
WindowsLiveOneCare(PN)~Thesubscription-basedsafetyandsecuritysoftwarethat
includesvirusscanning,firewall,backup,andmaintenancefeatures.
WindowsLiveOneCareforServer(PN)~TheOneCaresoftwaredesignedtorunon
supportedservers.
WindowsLiveOneCaresafetyscanner(n)~Thefreeonlineon-demandtoolthat
conductsthreetypesofscans:theprotectionscanchecksforandremovesthingslike
virusesandmalware;theclean-upscancheckstheharddiskforunnecessaryfilesand
helpsusersdecidewhichonestheycansafelyremove,andalsoclearsthecomputer’s
registryoforphaneddata;thetune-upscanhelpsimprovethecomputer’sperformanceby
defragmentingtheharddisk.
WindowsLivePhotoGallery(PN)~Adesktopappthatenablesuserstoview,manage,
edit,andsharephotosandvideos.
WindowsLivePhotos(PN)~TheWindowsLiveservicethatprovidesfreeonlinestorage
forphotos,whichcustomerscanorganizeintophotoalbums.
WindowsLiveProfile(PN)~Thedescriptiveinformationaboutauserthatisshownto
otherusers.Thiseditableinformationisseparatefromtheregistrationinformationthey
providetoestablishtheirWindowsLiveaccount.Thisseparationallowsuserstodisclose
orconcealpersonalinformationastheychoose.
WindowsLiveSign-inAssistant(PN)~Thehelperprogramthatcanstoresign-in
informationformultipleWindowsLiveIDs.
WindowsLiveSMSservices(n)~AnSMS-basedservicethatletsuserscompletevarious
WindowsLivetasksbysending,receiving,andreplyingtoSMSmessages.
WindowsLiveSpaces(PN)~TheWindowsLiveservicethatenablesausertocreatea
personalwebsitewheretheycancreateandupdateablog,andsharetheirphotos,music
playlistsandmore,toconnectwithfriends,family,ortheonlineworld.
WindowsLiveSync(PN)~Softwareandthesupportingservicethatenablethe
synchronizationoffilesbetweencomputersandwithonlinestorage,ofprogramsettings
betweenPCs,andtheremoteconnectiontoaPC.
WindowsLiveToolbar(PN)~Thewebbrowsertoolbarthatprovidesquickaccessto
WindowsLiveservices,plusoptionalfeaturestocustomizethebrowsingexperience.
WindowsLiveTroubleshootingData(PN)~Thevisiblenameoftheinformationsentto
MicrosoftviaWindowsErrorReportingiftheWindowsLiveEssentialInstallercrashes.
WindowsLiveWriter(PN)~AdesktopappthatenablesWYSIWYGediting,offline
editing,andpreviewfunctionality.
WindowsLocationProvider(PN)~AfeatureinWindowsthatcommunicateswitha
MicrosoftonlineservicetodetermineaPC’sapproximatelocationbasedonwireless
networkorIPaddressinfo.
Windowslogokey(n)~AmodifierkeywiththeWindowslogoonit.Thiskeyisusedfor
anumberofWindowsshortcuts,andisreservedforWindowsuse.Forexample,pressing
theWindowslogokeydisplaysorhidestheWindowsStartmenu.
WindowsMail(PN)~AfeatureofWindowsVistathatprovidese-mailclientsoftware
withtheincreasedfunctionalityofInstantSearch,andjunkmailandphishingfilters.
WindowsMail(PN)~TheMicrosoftappforsendingandreceivingemail.
WindowsManagementFramework(PN)~Asoftwarepackagethatmakesupdated
managementfunctionalityavailableforinstallationinWindowsandWindowsServer.
WindowsManagementFrameworkincludesupdatedfeaturesandfunctionalitiesin
componentssuchasWindowsPowerShell,WindowsRemoteManagement(WinRM),and
WindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI).
WindowsManagementInstrumentation(PN)~TheMicrosoftextensiontothe
DistributedManagementTaskForce(DMTF)Web-basedEnterpriseManagement
(WBEM)initiative.
WindowsManagementInstrumentationfilter(n)~AquerythatisbasedonWindows
ManagementInstrumentation(WMI)andusedtofiltertheeffectofaGroupPolicyobject
(GPO).WMIfiltersarewritteninWMIQueryLanguage(WQL)andareevaluatedonthe
targetcomputeroruser.Ifthefilterevaluatestotrue,thentheGPOisapplied.Otherwise,
theGPOisnotapplied.WMIfiltersareusefulforexceptionmanagement.
WindowsMaps(PN)~AuniversalappforWindowsandWindowsPhone,usedformaps
anddirections.
WindowsME~(MilleniumEdition)-Thesuccessorto-Windows98,butnotwidely
takenup,-andsoonreplacedbyWindowsXP.Nowobsolete.
WindowsMediaAudio(PN)~AnaudiofileorstreaminWindowsMediaFormat.The
audiocontentofthefileorstreamisencodedwithoneoftheWindowsMediaAudio
codecs.
WindowsMediaAudio9Professional(n)~Ahigh-performancecodecthatdelivers
better-than-CDresolutionsandisdesignedforaudiencesthatusehigh-fidelityhardware
and5.1channelsurroundsound-equippedcomputers.Itcapturesfull-resolution24-bit/96
kHzaudioinstereo,5.1channel,oreven7.1channelsurroundsoundforstreaming,
progressivedownload,ordownload-and-playdeliveryat128to768Kbps.
WindowsMediaAudiocodec(n)~Acodecusedtocompressanddecompressaudio
streams.
WindowsMediaaudioencoderlibrary(n)~AstaticlibraryofAPIsthatisusedto
convertaudiodataintoaspecifieddigitalformatforconvenientstorage,retrieval,and
deliveryoveranetwork.
WindowsMediaAuthor(PN)~Agraphicalinterfacetoolforcreatingandtesting
illustratedaudio.Thetoolisdesignedtocombineandsynchronizeaudioandimagefiles.
Usingit,theauthorcanmanageobjects-sounds,images,andURLs-sothattheyappearat
thecorrecttimeduringplayback.ThistoolusestechnologyfromDigitalRenaissance,Inc.
WindowsMediaclient(PN)~TheActiveXcontrolcalledWindowsMediaPlayerthat
receivesandrenderscontentfromWindowsMediaservercomponents.Theclientcanbe
oneitherthesamecomputerastheserver,oranothercomputer.
WindowsMediaConnect(n)~AfeatureofWindowsthatprovidessoftwarefor
streamingmusicvideoandpicturefilesonacomputertooneormoredigitalmedia
receivers(DMRs)connectedtoahomenetwork.
WindowsMediaDeviceManager(n)~AnelementinMicrosoftWindowsMediathat
actsasabrokerbetweenanapplication,theMicrosoftDigitalRightsManagement(DRM)
system,andtheserviceprovider.Allcommunicationrequestsbetweentheapplicationand
theportableaudioplayermustgothroughMicrosoftWindowsMediaDeviceManager.
WindowsMediaDigitalRightsManagement(n)~WindowsMediadigitalrights
managementplatformandassociatedtechnologies.
WindowsMediaDRM(n)~WindowsMediadigitalrightsmanagementplatformand
associatedtechnologies.
WindowsMediaEncoderSoftwareDevelopmentKit(n)~AnSDKforcreating
encodingapplicationsbasedonWindowsMediatechnologies.
WindowsMediaEncodingScript(n)~Acommand-linetoolinWindowsMediaEncoder
9Seriesthatisusedtoencodeandbroadcastdigitalmediacontent.
WindowsMediaEncodingUtility(n)~Acommand-lineutilityforearlierversionsof
WindowsMediaEncoder,whichencodesandbroadcastsdigitalmediacontent.
WindowsMediafile(n)~Afilethatcontainsaudio,video,orotherdata.Thecontentof
thefileisencodedwithoneoftheWindowsMediacodecs.-
WindowsMediaFormatSoftwareDevelopmentKit(n)~AnSDKforcreating
applicationsthatplay,write,edit,encrypt,anddeliverAdvancedSystemsFormat(ASF)
filesandnetworkstreams.
WindowsMediaLicenseService(n)~TheWindowsMediaRightsManagerSoftware
DevelopmentKit(SDK)componentonalicensingserverthatissueslicenses.
WindowsMediaPlayer(n)~TheWindowsMediatechnologythatplaysdigitalmedia
filesorstreams.
WindowsMediaPlayerNetworkSharingService(PN)~Amethodforexposinga
medialibraryhostedinWindowsMediaPlayertovariousmediarendererdevicesonthe
localnetwork.
WindowsMediaScreencodec(n)~Acodecusedtocompressanddecompresssequences
ofscreenimages.
WindowsMediaSharingCenter(PN)~Theprimaryinterfaceusedtoenablesharing
mediatoothercomputersanddevices,andtoaccessmediasharingsettingsanddevices
thatinteractwiththemediasharingfeature.Ifyouenablesharingyoucanplayyour
favoritemusic,videos,andpicturesonanycomputerordeviceinanyroominyourhome.
WindowsMediaSpeechcodec(n)~Acodecusedtocompressanddecompressaudio
streamswithanemphasisonspeech.
WindowsMediastreaminglibrary(n)~AlibraryprovidingasetofAPIsthatareusedto
convertaudiodataintoaspecifieddigitalformatforconvenientstorageandretrievalusing
computertechnology,usuallyinvolvingcompressionandencryptiontechnology.
WindowsMediaVideo(PN)~AvideofileorstreaminWindowsMediaFormat.The
videocontentofthefileorstreamisencodedwithoneoftheWindowsMediaVideo
codecs.
WindowsMediaVideocodec(n)~Acodecusedtocompressanddecompressvideo
streams.
WindowsMeetingSpace(n)~Afeaturethatenablesquick,face-to-facecollaborationfor
twototenpeoplewithcomputersrunningWindowsVista.Youcansharedocuments,your
desktop,oraprogram,andyoucanco-edithandouts.
WindowsMemoryDiagnosticsTool(n)~AfeatureofWindowsVistathatcan
automaticallydetectandresolveproblemscausedbydefectivephysicalmemory.Ifthe
diagnosticsmoduleidentifiesamemoryproblem,WindowsVistacanavoidusingthe
affectedportionofphysicalmemory,enablingtheoperatingsystemtostartsuccessfully
andavoidapplicationcrashes.
WindowsMemoryTester(n)~ABootConfigurationData(BCD)applicationobject.
WindowsMessaging(PN)~AnappthatfacilitatesSMSandinstantmessaging.
WindowsMetafileFormat(n)~A16-bitvectorgraphicsformatforWindows-compatible
computersusedmostlyasaclipartformatinword-processingdocuments.
WindowsMobileDeviceCenter(n)~AnapplicationdesignedformanagingMicrosoft
WindowsMobile-®devicesviaaWindowsVistaclientcomputer.Whenthemobile
deviceisconnectedtothecomputerbycable,cradle,infrared,orwirelessLAN,the
mobileuserusesWindowsMobileDeviceCentertocreateapartnershipbetweenthe
desktopcomputerandthemobiledevicetoconfigurethedevice,managesettings,add&
removeapplications,andsynchronizedata.Afterthepartnershipiscreated,themobile
usercanmanagethedeviceusinganyoftheconnectionmechanisms.Whileconnected,
themobileusercanalsousetheWindowsVistaclientcomputerwithoutapartnershipto
dosuchthingsasbrowsethedeviceandconfiguresettingsforthedevice.
WindowsMobileMembership(PN)~MembershiptoaprogrammanagedbyMicrosoft
thatgivesmembersaccesstomanyWindowsMobilebenefitsincludingdownloads,
applications,services,productupdates,andevents.
WindowsMobilityCenter(PN)~AsinglelocationinWindowswhereyoucanadjust
mobilePCsettings.
WindowsMultiPointServerRepairService(PN)~Theservicethatisinstalledaspart
oftheMultiPointroleonserverandensuresthatsomeMultiPointconfigurationsettings
remainsettokeepWindowsMultiPointServerrunningsmoothly.
WindowsNT~Anearlyversionof-Windows-intendedforbusinessuse,morestablefor
networkingbutlessgame-friendlythanits-Win9xcousins.Firstreleasedin1993,
supersededfirstbyWindows2000andthenWindowsXP.Nowobsolete.
WindowsNTIntegratedSecurity(PN)~AsecuritymodethatleveragestheWindows
NTauthenticationprocess.
WindowsNTtoken-basedapplication(n)~AWindowsapplicationthatreliesona
Windows-NTtokentoperformauthorizationofusers.
WindowsOneCore(PN)~Theunified,component-basedsoftwarearchitecturemodel
thatprovidesalargeandhighlyconsistentsetofAPIsacrossmultipleWindows10-based
devicefamilies.
WindowsOnlineTroubleshootingService(PN)~Anonlineservicethatisusedby
MicrosoftandOEMstopostWindowsTroubleshootingPacksfortheircustomersto
quicklyresolveissuesafterWindowshasshipped.
WindowsOpenServicesArchitecture(n)~Acommonsetofinterfacesthatconnect
front-endapplicationswithback-endservices.
Windowsoperatingsystem(n)~Aproprietarysoftwareoperatingsystemwitha
graphicaluserinterface(GUI).
WindowsOSLoader(n)~ABootConfigurationData(BCD)applicationobject.
Windowspassword(n)~ApasswordyouusetologontoWindows.Youcanalsochange
yoursettingssothatyoucanlogontoWindowswithoutapassword.
WindowsPC(n)~A-PCthatrunsWindows.
WindowsPCAccelerator(n)~Aperformance-enhancingtechnologyinWindowsVista.
WindowsPE(PN)~AminimalWin32operatingsystemwithlimitedservicesthat’sused
toprepareacomputerforWindowsinstallation,tocopydiskimagesfromanetworkfile
server,andtoinitiateWindowsSetup.
WindowsPeople(PN)~Anappthatfacilitatescontactlistandsocialupdatemanagement.
WindowsPerformanceAnalyzer(PN)~Asetofperformancemonitoringtoolsusedto
producein-depthperformanceprofilesofbothsystemsandapplications.
WindowsPerformanceDiagnosticConsole(n)~Atoolusedincomputermanagement
tomonitorthedevicesorprocessesonuser’ssystem.
WindowsPerformanceRecorder(PN)~AtoolthatprovidesOEMsandITProfessionals
withdetailedrecordingsofsystemandapplicationbehaviorandresourceusage.
WindowsPerformanceToolkit(PN)~Akitthatconsistsoftwotools:Windows
PerformanceRecorderandWindowsPerformanceAnalyzer.Thesetoolsareusedto
providesdetailedrecordingsofsystemandapplicationbehaviorandresourceusage,and
thenanalyzetheresults.
WindowsPhone(PN)~AdevicethatrunsWindowsPhoneOperatingSystem.
Windowsphone(n)~AphonethatrunsWindows10Mobile.
WindowsPhone8devicesandWindowsPhone8orhigheremulators(PN)~The
devicesequippedwithWindowsPhone8aswellasemulatorsofWindowsPhone8or
higherversions.WindowsPhoneEmulatorisadesktopapplicationthatemulatesa
WindowsPhonedevice.Itprovidesavirtualizedenvironmentinwhichyoucandebugand
testWindowsPhoneappswithoutaphysicaldevice.Italsoprovidesanisolated
environmentforyourapplicationprototypes.
WindowsPhone8.1Update(PN)~ThesoftwareupdatetoWindowsPhone8.1.
WindowsPhoneapp(n)~AnappthatrunsonWindowsPhone(WindowsRuntimeapp,
Silverlight,andDirectX).
WindowsPhoneLiveApp(PN)~AnyappfromtheapplistwithStartscreentile
notifications.
WindowsPhoneReadingList(PN)~TheWindowsPhoneappwhereuserscansave
linkstocontent(suchasarticlesorvideos)andthenquicklyreturntothemlater.
WindowsPhoneSoftwareDevelopmentKit(SDK)(PN)~TheWindowsPhone
SoftwareDevelopmentKit(SDK)providesyouwiththetoolsthatyouneedtodevelop
appsandgamesforWindowsPhone8andWindowsPhone7.5.
WindowsPhoneStore(PN)~Theonlinestorewhereuserscanlearnaboutanddownload
apps,games,music,videos,andpodcastsfortheirWindowsPhone.Userscanusethe
Storeontheirphonesoronthewebatwindowsphone.com.
WindowsPhotoGallery(n)~Aphotoorganizerusedtoview,manage,andeditdigital
pictures.
WindowsPhotoGallery(PN)~Adesktopappthatenablesuserstoview,manage,edit,
andsharephotosandvideos.
WindowsPhotoViewer(PN)~AstrippeddownversionofVista’sWindowsPhoto
Gallery,whichsupportsonlytwomodes:PhotoViewerandSlideshow.
WindowsPhotos(PN)~Anappthatenablestheuserstoview,organize,editandshareall
oftheirphotosfrommultiplesources.
WindowsPlatformUpdate(n)~End-useroperatingsystemupdatesthatsupporttheuse
ofselectedcurrentreleasetechnologiesonpreviousversionsoftheWindowsoperating
system.
WindowsPortableDeviceAPI(PN)~AnAPIthatprovidesaccesstodigitalstill
cameras,mediaplayers,andmulti-functioncellularphonesthatimplementMediaTransfer
Protocol(MTP).
WindowsPowerShell(PN)~Acommand-lineshellandtask-basedscriptingtechnology
thatprovidesITadministratorscomprehensivecontrolandautomationofsystem
administrationtasks.
WindowsPowerShell-VirtualMachineManagercommandshell(n)~Thecommand
shell,basedonWindowsPowerShell(Powershell.exe),thatmakesavailablethecmdlets
thatperformallfunctionsinVirtualMachineManager.
WindowsPowerShellIntegratedScriptingEnvironment(PN)~AWindows
PowerShellhostapplicationthatenablesyoutoruncommandsandtowrite,test,and
debugscriptsinafriendly,syntax-colored,Unicode-compliantenvironment.
WindowsPowerShellISE(PN)~AWindowsPowerShellhostapplicationthatenables
youtoruncommandsandtowrite,test,anddebugscriptsinafriendly,syntax-colored,
Unicode-compliantenvironment.
WindowsPowerShellWebAccess(PN)~Afeaturethatletsaserveractasaweb
gatewaythroughwhichanorganization’suserscanmanageremotecomputersbyrunning
WindowsPowerShellsessionsinawebbrowser.
WindowsPreinstallationEnvironment(PN)~AminimalWin32operatingsystemwith
limitedservicesthat’susedtoprepareacomputerforWindowsinstallation,tocopydisk
imagesfromanetworkfileserver,andtoinitiateWindowsSetup.
Windowspreprocessor(n)~Amechanismforuser-modeapplicationsandkernel-mode
driverstologreal-timebinarymessages.Theloggedmessagescansubsequentlybe
convertedtoahuman-readabletraceofthedriver’soperation.
WindowsPresentationFoundation(n)~AnewstrategicgraphicssubsysteminWindows
Vistathatprovidesaunifiedapproachtouserinterface,2Dand3Dgraphics,documents
andmedia.Builtonthe.NETFrameworkfoundationandutilizingDirect3Dforvector-
basedrendering,itprovidesapowerfulsolutionforbuildingimmersiveapplicationsofall
kinds.
WindowsProblemReporting(n)~TheWindowstechnologythatmanagesinformation
tohelpMicrosoftcreatesolutionstonon-criticalproblems(problemsthatdonotcause
programs,services,orcomponentstostopworking).
WindowsProcessActivationservice(n)~Aservicethatprovidesprocessactivation,
resourcemanagement,andhealthmanagementservicesformessage-activated
applications.
WindowsPropertyStore(PN)~AWindowsfeaturethatfacilitatesaconvenientwayto
getandsetproperties.Itprovidesaccesstopropertiesbyusingfriendlycanonicalnames
inatypesafemannerwithoutdealingwithPROPVARIANT.Developerscaneasilystore
basicdatainapropertystore.
WindowsPropertySystem(PN)~Anextensibleread/writesystemofdatadefinitions
thatprovidesauniformwayofexpressingmetadataaboutShellitems.
WindowsPushNotificationService(PN)~ThefeatureofWindowsforsendingtile
updatesandnotificationstousers.
WindowsPushNotificationsKeepAliveDetector(PN)~WindowsPushNotifications
(WNS)componentthatanalysesnetworkconditionsanddeterminesanoptimalping
intervaltokeeptheconnectionalive.
WindowsRE(PN)~AspecialversionofWindowsPreinstallationEnvironment
(WindowsPE)thatincludesdiagnostic,troubleshooting,andmaintenancetools.
WindowsReader(PN)~AnappthatfacilitatesthereadingofPDFandXPSfiles.
WindowsReadingList(PN)~TheWindowsappwhereuserscansavelinkstocontent
(suchasarticlesorvideos)andthenquicklyreturntothemlater.
WindowsReadyBoost(n)~AfeaturethatmakesPCsrunninggenuineWindowsVista
moreresponsivebyusingflashmemoryonaUSBdrive,SDCard,CompactFlash,or
othermemoryformfactortoboostsystemperformance.
WindowsReadyDrive(n)~AfeaturethatenablesWindowsVistaPCsequippedwitha
hybridharddiskdrivetobootupfaster,resumefromhibernateinlesstime,andpreserve
batterypower.
WindowsRecoveryEnvironment(n)~AspecialversionofWindowsPreinstallation
Environment(WindowsPE)thatincludesdiagnostic,troubleshooting,andmaintenance
tools.
WindowsRemoteAssistance(PN)~AfeatureinWindowsthatallowsapersonto
connectremotelytosomeoneelse’scomputertohelpfixaproblem.
WindowsResourceLeakDiagnostic(n)~AtoolinWindowsthatdetectsanddiagnoses
resourceleaks.
WindowsResourceProtection(n)~AfeatureinWindowsthatattemptstoblockthe
replacementofnecessarysystemfilestoimprovereliabilityandsecurity.
WindowsRestrictions(PN)~Atoolthatrestrictsuseraccesstoprograms,settings,Start
menuitems,andlockssharedlocaluserprofilesagainstpermanentchanges.
WindowsResumeLoader(n)~Autilitythatloadstheexecutablecodeofaprograminto
memoryforexecutionafterhibernation.
WindowsRT(PN)~Theoperatingsystemonlyavailablepre-installedonPCsandtablets
poweredbyARMprocessorsthathelpsenablenewthinandlightweightformfactorswith
impressivebatterylife.WindowsRTincludestouch-optimizedversionsofMicrosoft
Word,Excel,PowerPoint,andOneNote.
WindowsRT8.1Update(PN)~ThesoftwareupdatetoWindowsRT8.1thatgivesusers
amorefamiliarandconvenientexperienceacrosstouch,keyboardandmouseinputsand
enablesmoreaffordableWindowsdevicechoices.
WindowsRuntime(PN)~AnenvironmentinwhichCOMobjectsareactivatedusinga
fullyqualifiednamespaceandaclassnamewithinthenamespace.Alsoreferstothesetof
APIsthatisprovidedbytheWindowsRuntime.
WindowsRuntimeC++TemplateLibrary(PN)~Alibrarythatprovidesinfrastructure
fortheWindowsRuntime;itcanalsobeusedtocreatealanguageprojectiontobuild
WindowsRuntimecomponentsinC++andforappbuilding.
WindowsRuntimecomponent(n)~Areusablesoftwarecomponentthatcanbeusedin
multipleapplications,regardlessoftheprogramminglanguagesinwhichtheapplications
arewritten.
WindowsScan(PN)~Theappthatenablesuserstoscanphotosordocumentsusinga
connectedscannerandsavetheimagestoafolder.
WindowsScenic(PN)~Acollectionofuserinterface(UI)APIs,releasedinWindows7,
thatdeliversahostofnewcapabilitiestoWindowsdevelopersandtheWindowsplatform.
TheScenicAPIsareexposedthroughtwofunctionalplatforms:ScenicAnimation,which
supportstheanimationofUIelements,andScenicRibbon(Ribbon),anewapplication
commandsystem.
WindowsScriptComponentfile(n)~XMLfilesthataremuchlikeHTMLfiles,but
containspecialelementsthatdefinethescriptcomponentanditsbehavior.
WindowsScriptComponents(PN)~Anewtechnologythatallowsthecreationof
powerful,reusableCOMcomponentswitheasy-to-usescriptinglanguagessuchas
MicrosoftVisualBasicScriptingEdition(VBScript)andMicrosoftJScript.
WindowsScriptHost(n)~Alanguage-independentscriptinghostforActiveXscripting
engineson32-bitWindowsplatforms.WSHcanbeusedtoautomateadministrativetasks
onaserver,usinganyscriptinglanguage.
WindowsSDK(PN)~TheSDKfordevelopingonWindows.Developerscanconfidently
selectandinstallthisSDKforallWindowsapps(bothWindowStoreappsanddesktop
apps).TheSDKisintegratedwithVisualStudioandalsoavailableasaseparate
download.
WindowsSearch(PN)~APC(desktopandbeyond)searchplatformthatallowssearchof
thelocalharddriveplusnetworklocationslikeSharePointsitesandtheInternet.
WindowsSearchservice(PN)~TheWindowsservicethatanalyzesasetofdocuments,
extractsusefulinformation,andthenorganizestheextractedinformationsothatproperties
ofthosedocumentscanbeefficientlyreturnedinresponsetoqueries.
WindowsSensorandLocationplatform(n)~AWindowsplatformthatprovidesa
standardwayfordevicemanufacturerstoexposesensordevicestosoftwaredevelopers
andconsumers,whileprovidingdeveloperswithastandardizedapplicationprogramming
interface(API)forworkingwithsensorsandsensordata.Examplesofsensorsinclude
ambientlightsensors,locationsensors,motiondetectionsensors,etc.
WindowsServer2012(PN)~The2012releaseoftheWindowsServeroperatingsystem.
WindowsServer2012Datacenter(PN)~AWindowsServer2012edition.
WindowsServer2012Essentials(PN)~AWindowsServer2012edition.
WindowsServer2012Foundation(PN)~AWindowsServer2012edition.
WindowsServer2012Standard(PN)~AWindowsServer2012edition.
WindowsServer8Beta(PN)~TheBetareleaseoftheWindowsServeroperating
system.
WindowsServerBackup(PN)~AfeatureoftheWindowsServer-®2008operating
systemthatprovidesabasicbackupandrecoverysolutionfortheserverthatitisinstalled
on.
WindowsServerCEIP(n)~TheMicrosoftCustomerExperienceImprovementProgram
thatisdeployedwithWindowsServer.
WindowsServerCustomerExperienceImprovementProgram(n)~TheMicrosoft
CustomerExperienceImprovementProgramthatisdeployedwithWindowsServer.
WindowsServerMigrationTools(PN)~AfeaturethatincludesfiveWindows
PowerShellcmdletsformigratingsomerolesandfeaturesfromserversthatarerunning
WindowsServer2003or2008toserversthatarerunningeitherWindowsServer2008R2
orWindowsServer8.
Windowsservice(n)~AservicedesignedforconsumersthatrunsonWindowsorina
webbrowser.
WindowsServiceHardening(n)~AfeatureofWindowsVistathatlimitsthedamage
thatcanbedonetothesystembyanattackerbypreventingthecompromisedservicefrom
changingimportantconfigurationsettingsinthefilesystemorregistryorfrominfecting
othercomputersonthenetwork.Forexample,theRemoteProcedureCall(RPC)service
canbekeptfromreplacingsystemfilesormodifyingtheregistry.
WindowsServicing(n)~AfeatureofWindowsthatprovidesservicingforWindowsfor
theinstallationofupdatepackagesandothermaintenancepackages.
WindowsSetup(n)~TheprogramthatinstallsorupgradestheWindowsoperating
system.
WindowsSharePointServices(oth)~AfamilyofMicrosoftWeb-basedteam
collaborationenvironmentsthatprovidetheabilitytocreateandaccessvirtualworkspaces
formanagingdocuments,discussions,lists,surveysandotherimportantcontextual
informationsuchasteammemberstatusandpresence.
WindowsSidebar(n)~AnorganizationalfeatureofWindowsthatdisplaysapanelonthe
sideofthedesktopwithshortcutstomini-applications,alsoknownasgadgets.The
examplesofsuchgadgetsarelocalweather,aphotoslideshow,adictionary,news
headlines,andaWindowsMediaPlayercontrol.
WindowsSideShow(PN)~AfeatureinWindowsthatusesadd-inprograms,orgadgets,
toextendinformationfromyourcomputerontosecondarydisplays.
WindowsSIM(PN)~Autilityforcreatingandmodifyinganswerfilesandconfiguration
sets.
WindowsSmartScreen(PN)~Afilteringfeaturethatmonitorsdownloadedappsfor
malwareorunknownreputation.
WindowsSoftwareDevelopmentKit(PN)~TheSDKfordevelopingonWindows.
DeveloperscanconfidentlyselectandinstallthisSDKforallWindowsapps(both
WindowStoreappsanddesktopapps).TheSDKisintegratedwithVisualStudioandalso
availableasaseparatedownload.
WindowsSoftwareDevelopmentKitforWindowsStoreApps(PN)~AnSDKthat
containseverythingforadevelopertocreateanappfortheWindowsStore.Itisasubset
ofthecompleteWindowsSDK.ThisallowsdeveloperstostickwithAPIsthataresafefor
applicationsthatwouldappearintheStoreandarefocusedtowardscoreappscenarios.
WindowsSoftwareProtectionPlatform(n)~Atechnologythatreducessoftwarepiracy
byrequiringthateachinstallationofaWindowsproductbeactivatedwithMicrosoft,
eitherthroughtheInternetorbytelephone.Auniqueproductkeyisrequiredforeach
installationofWindows,butMicrosoftdoesnotrequestorcollectanyinformationother
thantheProductKeyduringtheinstallation.TheendusermayreinstallWindowsusing
thesameProductKeyonthesamecomputerasmanytimesasnecessary,butitcannotbe
usedtoinstallWindowsonanothercomputer.Theendusercanmakeincremental
hardwareupgradestothecomputer.However,ifthehardwareissignificantlyaltered,the
enduserwillberequiredtoreactivatetheinstallationofWindows.
WindowsSpeechRecognition(PN)~Afeaturethatusesspeechrecognitiontoenable
youtointeractwithyourcomputerorotherdevicesbyvoice.Youcandictatedocuments
ande-mailsinmainstreamapplications,andusevoicecommandstostartandswitch
betweenapplications,controltheoperatingsystemandevenfilloutformsontheweb.
Windowsspotlight(PN)~Avariabledefaultlockscreenimagethatshowsbeautiful
imagesonlockcombinedwithhotspotscontainingfunfacts,Windowstips/trick,and
more(similartoBingIoTD).Userscanswitchfromthisdefaultlockscreentoapersonal
picture.
WindowsSteadyState(PN)~Asoftwareapplicationthatisusedbyadministratorsofone
ormorepubliccomputerstohelpmaintaincomputerreliabilityandstabilityfromoneuser
sessiontothenext.
WindowsStorageServer2012Standard(PN)~AWindowsServer2012product.
WindowsStorageServer2012Workgroup(PN)~AWindowsServer2012product.
WindowsStore(PN)~Theonlinestorewhereuserscanlearnaboutanddownloadapps,
games,music,andmorefortheirWindowsdevice.
WindowsStoreapp(PN)~Anappthatrunsinanon-desktopappmodel,andrunson
Windows,butisnotnecessarilysoldordeployedviatheStore.
WindowsStoreappbuiltforWindowsusingC++orC#(PN)~AWindowsStore-app
writteninC++orC#thatusesstandardWindowsUIcontrols,hasaccesstotheWindows
RuntimeAPIs,andcanparticipateintheextensibilityofferedto-WindowsStoreapps.
WindowsStoreappbuiltforWindowsusingJavaScript(PN)~AWindowsStoreapp
thatusesHTML,CSS,andJavaScript,canusethestandardWindowsUIcontrols,has
accesstotheWindowsRuntimeAPIs,andcanleveragetheextensibilityofferedto
WindowsStoreapps.TheseappsuseCSSfortheirvisualstylingwithWindowsUI
controlstocreateanativelookandfeel.
WindowsStoreappdevelopment(PN)~TheprocessofdevelopingWindowsStoreapps.
WindowsStoreAppdevelopmentonWindows8.1(PN)~Theprocessofdeveloping
WindowsStoreappsonWindows8.1.
WindowsStoreappreference(n)~Thesection,orTableofContentsnode,ofWindows
DeveloperdocsthatcontainsallofthereferencedocsforWindowsStoreapp
development.
WindowsStoreApps(n)~TheappsyoucandownloadandbuyonlineintheWindows
Store.
WindowsStoredashboard(n)~TheservicerunbytheWindowsStoreteamthat
supportstheend-to-endprocessforregisteringWindowsStoredevelopersandonboarding
appsintotheWindowsStorecatalog.
WindowsStoredeveloperaccount(n)~Anaccountthatisrequiredtosubmitanappin
theWindowsStore.
WindowsStoredeviceapp(PN)~Anappthat’sdownloadedfromtheWindowsStore
andinstalledautomaticallytothePCwhenauserattachesacertifieddevicetothePC,
providedthatthedevicemanufacturerhassubmittedtheapptotheWindowsStore.
WindowsSuperFetch(n)~AmemorymanagementinnovationinWindowsVistathat
helpsmakeyourPCconsistentlyresponsivebytrackingwhatapplicationsareusedmost
onagivenmachineandintelligentlypreloadingtheseapplicationsintomemory.
WindowsSystemAssessmentTool(n)~Atoolthatprovidesperformancemetricsand
otherinformationnecessaryforWindowsandapplicationstomakescalingdecisions.It
measurestheperformanceattributesof:systemmemory,thestoragesub-system,theCPU
(orCPUs),andthegraphicssub-system.
WindowsSystemImageBackup(n)~ThetechnologyinWindowsthatletscustomers
createasystemimageforbackinguptheirharddriveandrelatedsystemsettings,
programs,andfiles.
WindowsSystemImageManager(PN)~Autilityforcreatingandmodifyinganswer
filesandconfigurationsets.
WindowsSystemResourceManager(n)~AfeatureofMicrosoft-®Windows-®Server
2003,EnterpriseEditionandWindowsServer2003,DatacenterEdition.WithWindows
SystemResourceManager,administratorscancontrolandaccountforthehowCPUand
memoryresourcesallocatedtoapplications,services,andprocesses.
Windowstablet(n)~AtabletdevicethatrunsWindows.
WindowsTabletandTouchTechnology(n)~Humaninterfacetechnologythatenables
alternatewaystobrowsedocumentsandprogramsusingadigitalpenoryourfingertipin
additiontothepossibilityofusingakeyboardorotherinterfacedevices.
WindowsTroubleshooting(PN)~Theoverallsetoftroubleshootingtechnologiesthat
includesatroubleshootingplatform(WindowsTroubleshootingPlatform),asetofWeb
services,atoolkit(WindowsTroubleshootingToolkit),andanSDKtoencouragethird
partiesandOEMstodeveloptroubleshootingcapabilities.
WindowsTroubleshootingPack(PN)~AtypeofpackthatisdevelopedfortheWindows
SolutionCenter(usingtheWindowsTroubleshootingPackDesigner)toperformdata
collectionandanalysistoprovideusersandITprofessionalswithonlythosesolutionsthat
applytotheirPCatthetimeofviewing.
WindowsTroubleshootingPlatform(PN)~TheenginethatexecutestheWindows
TroubleshootingPacksacrosstheoperatingsystem.
WindowsUIcontrol(PN)~AUIcontrolavailablethroughWinUIthatallowanapptake
onthelookandfeelofWindows.Regardlessofthedeveloper’schoicetouseHTML/JSor
C++/C#,thedevelopercancreateanapplicationthatcarriesthenewWindowsexperience.
Thisincludescontrolsenablingthedisplay,entryandmanipulationofdataandcontent
includingViewControls,TextControls,PatternControls,OverlayControls,Media(Video
&Audio)Controls,ContentControls,CollectionControls,andBasicControls.These
controlsareavailableforWindowsStoreapps.
WindowsUltimateExtras(n)~Programs,services,andtipsandtricksforusing
WindowsVistaUltimateEdition.Userscanselecttheprogramsandservicesthatthey
wantfromamenu.
Windowsuniversalapp(n)~?AnappthatisbuiltusingtheWindowsuniversalapp
platform.-DeveloperscancreateaWindowsuniversalappthatrunsonallWindows-based
devicetypes,ortheycanchoosetolimitanapptospecificdevices.
Windowsuniversalappplatform(PN)~?TheportionoftheWindowsuniversal
platformthatappdevelopersusetobuildappsthatcantargetallWindows-baseddevice
families.
Windowsuniversaldriver(n)~?AdriverthatisavailableonmorethanoneWindows-
baseddevicefamily.
Windowsuniversaldriverplatform(PN)~?TheportionoftheWindowsuniversal
platformthatdriverdevelopersusetobuilddriversthatcanworkacrossallWindows-
baseddevicefamilies.
Windowsuniversalplatform(PN)~?Theconvergedappmodelthatenablesthecreation
ofWindowsappsanddriversthatcantargetallWindows-baseddevicefamilies.
WindowsUpdate(PN)~AMicrosoftWebsitemaintainedbytheWindowsproductgroup
forthepurposeofprovidingupdatesforcoreWindowscomponents.
WindowsUpdate(PN)~TheAPIplatform,userinterface,andWebservicefordelivering
Windowsupdatesandapplications.Userscancheckforandinstallupdates,viewthe
updatehistoryforthecomputer,andturnonorchangeautomaticupdatingsettings.
WindowsUpdatecanbeusedbyconsumersthroughtheWindowsUpdateWebserviceor
bycorporatecustomerswhouseWindowsServerUpdateServicestocontroldistribution
withintheirorganization.
WindowsUpdateforWindowsMobile(n)~Anapplicationthatperformsthefunctions
ofWindowsUpdateforWindowsMobiledevices.WMDUenablestheusertohelpkeep
theirdeviceprotectedanduptodatebyreceivingimportantfirmwareupdates
automatically.Theusercanalsocheckforimportantandoptionalupdatesmanually.
WMDUhas2components:anon-deviceclientandanOMAproxyserverthatmediates
betweenMicrosoftUpdateserviceandaWindowsMobiledevice.
WindowsUpdatewebsite(n)~AMicrosoftWebsitemaintainedbytheWindowsproduct
groupforthepurposeofprovidingupdatesforcoreWindowscomponents.
Windowsuseraccount(n)~Alltheinformationthatdefinesausertotheoperating
system,includingtheusernameandanyrequiredpassword,membershipingroups,and
therightsandpermissionsthatareassociatedwiththeuser.
Windowsusername(n)~Auniquenamethatidentifiesauseraccounttooperating
system.Anaccount’susernamemustbeuniqueamongtheothergroupnamesanduser
nameswithinitsowndomainorworkgroup.
WindowsUserStateMigrationTool(PN)~ThetooldesignedtohelpITprofessionals
migratefilesandsettingstothenextversionoftheWindows-®operatingsystem.
Windowsvault(n)~Atypeofvaultthatcontainscredentialsforservers,Websites,and
programsthatWindowscantrytologyouontoautomatically.
WindowsVista~Microsoft’sfirstattempttoreplaceWindowsXP,firstreleasedin2007.
Ithadaprettierinterfaceandafewniceideas,butitwasbloatedandslowandwassoon
replacedbyWindows7,whichlooksverylikeVistabutisquickerandmorestable.
WindowsVistaUpgradeAdvisor(n)~AdownloadableWebapplicationthathelps
WindowsusersidentifywhicheditionofWindowsmeetstheirneeds,whethertheirPCs
arereadyforanupgradetothenextWindowsversion,andwhichfeaturesofthesuggested
WindowsversionwillbeabletorunontheirPCs.
WindowsVoiceRecorder(PN)~Anapp-usedtorecordsoundswiththedevice’s
microphoneandtorecordphonecalls.
WindowsWebServicesAPI(PN)~Anative-codeimplementationofSOAPthatprovides
afoundationforbuildingWebservicesforinternalMicrosoftcustomerssuchas
componentsofWindowsandpartsofOffice.
WindowsWorkflowFoundation(n)~Anextensibleprogrammingmodelandruntime
componentsforbuildingsolutionsontheWindowsplatform.
WindowsWorkflowFoundationactivity(n)~AunitofprogrambehaviorinWindows
WorkflowFoundation.Singleactivitiescanbecomposedtogetherintomorecomplex
activities.
WindowsXP~OneofMicrosoft’smorestableandpopularreleases,oncetheyhad
patcheditseveraltimestoremovetheworstmistakesandsecurityholes,firstreleasedin
2001.Therearestillagreatmanycomputersrunningitinpreferencetomorerecent
releases,eventhoughMicrosoftnolongersupportit.
WindowsXPValidationAdvisor(PN)~Aprogramthatdetermineswhetherthe
WindowsproductkeyinstalledonacomputermatchestheoriginalWindowsproductkey
thatwaspurchasedandprovidescustomizedrecommendationsforresolutionwhenan
installationofWindowshasfailedvalidation.
Windows.UI.Xaml(PN)~TheAPIsthatdeveloperscanusetocreatetheUIfortheir
WindowsappiftheyusealanguageotherthanJavaScriptand/oriftheyhaveexperience
withXAML.
Windows-based(adj)~Pertainingtoorbeingacomputeroranapplicationthatrunsona
Windowsoperatingsystem.
Windows-basedapplication(n)~AnapplicationthatrunsonaWindowsoperating
system.
WinInet(n)~AWindowsapplicationprogramminginterface(API)thatenables
applicationstointeractwithGopher,FTP,andHTTPprotocolstoaccessInternet
resources.
WinJS(PN)~ThenamespacenameforWindowsLibraryforJavaScript.Developerswill
typeitintheircode.
wink(n)~Ananimatedgreetingacustomercansendtoacontact.
Winnt.exe(PN)~Acommand-lineutilityusedtostartanunattendedsetupfrom
computersrunningMS-DOS,Windows3.1,orWindowsforWorkgroups.
Winnt32.exe(PN)~Acommand-lineutilityusedtostartanunattendedsetupfrom
computersrunningWindows95,Windows98,WindowsNT,Windows2000,or
WindowsXP.
WinRT(adj)~PertainingtotheWindowsRuntime.
WINS(n)~AWindowsnameresolutionservicefornetworkbasicinput/outputsystem
(NetBIOS)names.WINSisusedbyhostsrunningNetBIOSoverTCP/IP(NetBT)to
registerNetBIOSnamesandtoresolveNetBIOSnamestoInternetProtocol(IP)
addresses.
WINSproxy(n)~Acomputerthatlistenstonamequerybroadcasts,andrespondsfor
thosenamesnotonthelocalsubnet.Theproxycommunicateswiththenameserverto
resolvenames,andthencachesthemforaspecifictimeperiod.
WINSresource(n)~AresourcetypethatprovidesWINSfromacluster.
WinSAT(n)~Atoolthatprovidesperformancemetricsandotherinformationnecessary
forWindowsandapplicationstomakescalingdecisions.Itmeasurestheperformance
attributesof:systemmemory,thestoragesub-system,theCPU(orCPUs),andthe
graphicssub-system.
Winsock(n)~Anapplicationprogramminginterface(API)standardforsoftwarethat
providesaTCP/IPinterfaceunderWindows.
WinSockdirect(n)~Acommonprogramminginterfacetothelower-levelsystemarea
network(SAN)implementations,developedbyMicrosoft.WSDsitsunderneaththe
standardWinSockapplicationprogramminginterface(API),butbypassesthekernel
networkinglayerstotalkdirectlytotheSANhardware.BecauseWSDsitsunderneaththe
existingWinSockAPI,ITdepartmentscandeployapplicationsinaSANenvironment
withoutmodifyingtheapplications.
Winsockproxyclient(n)~SoftwarethatallowsWindows-basedprogramstouse
networkingprotocolssuchasTCP/IP.
Winzip~Themostpopularprogramforcompressingfiles,eitherforstorageor
transmissionviatheinternet,widelyavailableasafreedownload.Thecompressedfilesit
createshavetheextension.zip.Seealso-zip.
WIP(n)~Materialthatisinsomestageofthemanufacturingprocess,fromrawmaterial
issuedtoaproductionordertoamanufacturedproductreadyforacceptanceinto
inventory.
WIP(n)~Anitemundercurrentassetsinthebalancesheetthatrepresentsworkin
progressinsomestageofthemanufacturingprocess.
WIPcalculation(n)~Thevalue(hours)postedtothebalancesheetasaproject
progresses.TheWIPcalculationappliestofixed-priceprojects,timeandmaterialprojets
andinvestmentprojects.
WIPstatement(n)~Areportofthevalueofworkinprocess.
wipe(v)~Toremovealldatafromamobiledevicethathasbeenlost,stolen,or
compromised.
WIQL(n)~AloosevariantofSQLthatdescribesaqueryintheWorkItemTracking
subsystemofTeamFoundationServerusingasyntaxthatcontainsSELECT,WHERE,
COLUMNandSORTclauses.QueryViewistheuserinterfacefordefiningworkitem
queries.
wired(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofanelectroniccircuitorhardware
groupinginwhichtheconfigurationisdeterminedbythephysicalinterconnectionofthe
components(asopposedtobeingprogrammableinsoftwareoralterablebyaswitch).
WiredAutoConfigService(n)~Asystemservicethatprovisionslocalareanetwork
(LAN)Ethernetadapterswiththesecurityandconnectivitysettingsthatarerequiredfor
InstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)802.1XauthenticatedIEEE802.3
wiredaccess.
WiredEquivalentPrivacy(n)~Anencryptionalgorithmsystemincludedaspartofthe
802.11standard,developedbytheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineersasa
securitymeasuretoprotectwirelessLANsfromcasualeavesdropping.WEPusesashared
secretkeytoencryptpacketsbeforetransmissionbetweenwirelessLANdevicesand
monitorspacketsintransittodetectattemptsatmodification.WEPoffersboth40-bitand
128-bithardware-basedencryptionoptions.
WiredGroupPolicyClient(n)~AGroupPolicyClientinawiredenvironment.
wiredprofile(n)~Acollectionofsecurityandconnectivitysettingsthatareusedfor
802.1Xauthenticatedwiredaccess.
wireframecontourchart(n)~Acontourchartdisplayedwithoutcolor.
wireless(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofcommunicationsthattakeplace
withouttheuseofinterconnectingwiresorcables,suchasbyradio,microwave,or
infrared.
WirelessApplicationProtocol(n)~AstandardprotocolforprovidingInternet
communicationsandadvancedtelephonyservicesonphones,pagers,PDAs,andother
wirelessterminals.
wirelesscommunication(n)~Communicationbetweenacomputerandanothercomputer
ordevicewithoutwires.Theformofwirelesscommunicationprovidedaspartofthe
Windowsoperatingsystemusesinfrared(IR)lighttotransmitfiles.Radiofrequencies,as
usedbycellularandcordlesstelephones,areanotherformofwirelesscommunication.
wirelessdisplay(n)~Adisplaythatisconnectedthroughwirelesscommunication.
wirelessEthernet(n)~TheEthernetstandardfornetworkingthatallowsshort-range
wirelesscommunicationwithinahomeoroffice.
wirelessfidelity(n)~The802.11bstandardforwirelessnetworking.Astandardfor
deliveringdigitalinformationoverhigh-frequency,wirelesslocalareanetworks.
WirelessGroupPolicyClient(n)~AGroupPolicyClientinawirelessenvironment.
wirelessLAN(n)~Alocalareanetwork(LAN)thatsendsandreceivesdataviaradio,
infraredopticalsignaling,orsomeothertechnologythatdoesnotrequireaphysical
connectionbetweenindividualnodesandthehub.WirelessLANsareoftenusedinoffice
orfactorysettingswhereausermustcarryaportablecomputerfromplacetoplace.
WirelessManager(PN)~Afeaturethatallowstheusertoenableordisableanywireless
connection,suchasBluetooth,Wi-Fi,orcellularphone.
WirelessMarkupLanguage(n)~AnXML-basedmarkuplanguageusedtospecify
contentandtheuserinterfacefornarrowbanddevices,includingcellularphonesand
pagers.WMLispartofWAP.
wirelessnetwork(n)~Anetworkthatusesradiofrequencies(insteadofwiresorcables)
totransmitdatabetweendevices.
Wirelessnetwork~Acomputernetworkwhichusesradiotransmitters(usually)tomove
informationbetweencomputerswithouttheneedforphysicalcables.See-Wi-Fi.
wirelessnetworkname(n)~Thenameusedtoidentifyawirelessnetwork.
wirelessnetworkprofile(n)~Informationaboutawirelessnetwork,suchasthewireless
networkname,servicesetidentifier(SSID),networkadapterusedtoconnecttothe
network,defaulticon,anddefaultprinter.
wirelesspower(supply)~facilitatesthechargingordirectpoweringofelectricaland
electronicequipmentusinginductiveorradiofrequency(RF)energytransfer.
wirelessprofile(n)~Acollectionofsecurityandconnectivitysettingsthatareusedfor
wirelessaccess.
wirelessradio(n)~Thehardwarepartofthedevicethatenablesphonefunctionality.
wirelessstereo(adj)~Of,pertainingto,orcharacteristicofBluetoothheadphonesorother
externalaccessoriesthatenableuserstohearstereomusicwithouttheuseof
interconnectingwiresorcables,suchasbyradio,Bluetoothorinfrared.
wirelesstransceiver(n)~Adevicethatsendsandreceiveswirelesssignals.
wirelesswideareanetwork(n)~Awirelessnetworkthatconnectsgeographically
separatedlocationsbyusingtelecommunicationsservices,suchassatellite,radio,and
mobilephonetechnologies.
witadmin(PN)~Acommand-linetooltocreate,delete,import,andexportobjectssuchas
categories,globallists,globalworkflow,typesoflinks,andtypesofworkitems.
WithActivities(adj)~Aviewthatlistsalltheactiveaccounts,contacts,oropportunities
thatbelongtothemobileuserandthatcontainrelatedactivities.
withoneclick(Adverb)~Donebypositioningthepointeroveranitemandpressingthe
leftmousebuttononce.
WithOpportunities(adj)~Aviewthatlistsalltheactiveaccountsorcontactsthatbelong
tothemobileuserandthatcontainrelatedopportunities.
withholdingtax(n)~Ataxleviedbyagovernmentauthoritythatisdeductedfrom
compensation.
witnessdirectory(n)~Adirectorythatiscreatedandsharedonawitnessserverforuse
byadatabaseavailabilitygroupthathasanevennumberofmembers.
witnessdisk(n)~Forafailovercluster,adiskintheclusterstoragethatisdesignatedto
holdacopyoftheclusterconfigurationdatabase.Afailoverclusterhasawitnessdisk
onlyifthisisspecifiedaspartofthequorumconfiguration.
witnessfileshare(n)~Forafailovercluster,afileshareintheclusterstoragethatis
designatedtoholdinformationabouttheclusterconfigurationdatabase.Afailovercluster
hasawitnessfileshareonlyifthisisspecifiedaspartofthequorumconfiguration.
witnessserver(n)~Indatabasemirroring,theserverinstancethatmonitorsthestatusof
theprincipalandmirrorserversandthat,bydefault,caninitiateautomaticfailoverifthe
principalserverfails.Adatabasemirroringsessioncanhaveonlyonewitnessserver(or
witness’)
wizard(n)~Aninteractiveutilitythatguidesusersthroughamulti-step,infrequently
performedtask.Effectivewizardsreducetheknowledgerequiredtoperformthetask
comparedtoalternativeUIs.
Wizard~A-Windows-featurewhichpresentsauserwithsimplemenusoroptionsfor
whatwouldotherwisebeacomplextask,andcarriesthemoutautomatically.Almostall
Windowsprogramsareinstalled-viaWizards,andtheyarealsowidelyusedinside
Windowsprograms.
WLAN(n)~Alocalareanetwork(LAN)towhichmobileusers(clients)canconnectand
communicatebymeansofhigh-frequencyradiowavesratherthanwires.WLANsare
specifiedintheIEEE802.11standard
WLL(n)~Astand-alone,dynamic-linklibrarythat,whenloaded,canaddcustom
commandsthatextendthefunctionalityofMicrosoftWord.Commandsandfunctionsina
loadedWLLarealsoavailabletoMicrosoftVisualBasicprojects.
WMA(PN)~AnaudiofileorstreaminWindowsMediaFormat.Theaudiocontentofthe
fileorstreamisencodedwithoneoftheWindowsMediaAudiocodecs.
WMAcodec(n)~Acodecusedtocompressanddecompressaudiostreams.
WMAPro(n)~Ahigh-performancecodecthatdeliversbetter-than-CDresolutionsandis
designedforaudiencesthatusehigh-fidelityhardwareand5.1channelsurroundsound-
equippedcomputers.Itcapturesfull-resolution24-bit/96kHzaudioinstereo,5.1channel,
oreven7.1channelsurroundsoundforstreaming,progressivedownload,ordownload-
and-playdeliveryat128to768Kbps.
WMF(n)~A16-bitvectorgraphicsformatforWindows-compatiblecomputersused
mostlyasaclipartformatinword-processingdocuments.
WMI(n)~TheMicrosoftextensiontotheDistributedManagementTaskForce(DMTF)
Web-basedEnterpriseManagement(WBEM)initiative.
WMIclass(n)~Atemplateforatypeofmanagedobject.WMIclassesdefinethebasic
unitsofmanagement.Forexample,theWin32_LogicalDiskclassisatemplateforall
logicaldisksthatoccurintheWindowsenvironment.Inthiscase,WMIusestheclass
templatetogenerateaninstanceofWin32_LogicalDiskforeachdiskinstalledona
computer.
WMIfilter(n)~AquerythatisbasedonWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI)
andusedtofiltertheeffectofaGroupPolicyobject(GPO).WMIfiltersarewrittenin
WMIQueryLanguage(WQL)andareevaluatedonthetargetcomputeroruser.Ifthe
filterevaluatestotrue,thentheGPOisapplied.Otherwise,theGPOisnotapplied.WMI
filtersareusefulforexceptionmanagement.
WMIprovider(n)~InWindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI),asetofinterfaces
thatprovideprogrammaticaccesstomanagementinformationinasystem.IIS7.0
implementsaWMIproviderinthenamespacecalledWebAdministrationtoprovide
programmaticaccesstoconfigurationandsystemsettings.
WMIQueryLanguage(PN)~AsubsetofANSISQLwithsemanticchangesadaptedto
WindowsManagementInstrumentation(WMI).
WML(n)~AnXML-basedmarkuplanguageusedtospecifycontentandtheuser
interfacefornarrowbanddevices,includingcellularphonesandpagers.WMLispartof
WAP.
WMS(n)~AWindowsservicethatmanagestheexecutionofinstancecontrolcommands,
therecoveryofworkflowservicehosts,andtheresumptionofinstancesintheeventof
expiredtimers.
WMSvc(PN)~AservicethatenablesremoteanddelegatedmanagementofaWebserver
anditsWebsitesandapplications.
WMV(PN)~AvideofileorstreaminWindowsMediaFormat.Thevideocontentofthe
fileorstreamisencodedwithoneoftheWindowsMediaVideocodecs.
WNS(PN)~ThefeatureofWindowsforsendingtileupdatesandnotificationstousers.
WOA(n)~AWorldWideWebversionofWindowsClientHelp.
wobblecorrection(n)~Animagestabilizationtechniqueusedtoremovewobbled
distortionsfromavideocapturedwitharollingshuttercamerathat’sexposedtolarge
accelerationsorjitter.
WOEID(n)~Aunique32-bitreferenceidentifier,nowassignedbyYahoo!,thatidentifies
anyfeatureonEarth.
wolfpack~ThecodenameforMicrosoft’sclusteringsolution.Wolfpackwasreleasedin
September,1997aspartofWindowsNT4.0,enterpriseEdition.Itsofficialnameis
MSCS.
WOPI(PN)~Aninterfacethatenablesawebapplicationserver(forexample,OfficeWeb
AppsServer)toaccessandchangefilesthatarestoredbyahostserver(suchas
SharePointServer).
WOPIapplication(n)~Awebapplicationserver,suchasOfficeWebAppsServer,that
usesWOPIandWOPIconventionstointegratewithahostserver,andisdesignedtoview
andeditfilesstoredbythehost.
WOPIhost(n)~Ahostserver,suchasSharePointServer,thatusesWOPItosupportfile
operationsandprovidesawrapperfortheWOPIapplicationUI.
word(n)~Thenativeunitofstorageonaparticularmachine.Awordisthelargest
amountofdatathatcanbehandledbythemicroprocessorinoneoperationandalso,asa
rule,isthewidthofthemaindatabus.Wordsizesof16bitsand32bitsarethemost
common.
Word(PN)~TheGamessubcategorycontaininggamesthatinvolvewordplay,like
scrabbleorcrosswords.
Word2016(PN)~Theyear2016editionofMicrosoftWord.
WordAdd-inLibrary(n)~Astand-alone,dynamic-linklibrarythat,whenloaded,can
addcustomcommandsthatextendthefunctionalityofMicrosoftWord.Commandsand
functionsinaloadedWLLarealsoavailabletoMicrosoftVisualBasicprojects.
WordAutomationServices(PN)~AserviceapplicationinSharePointServerthat
providesunattended,server-sideconversionofdocumentsintoformatsthataresupported
bytheMicrosoftWordclientapplication.
wordboundary(n)~Inregularexpressions,aboundarythatoccurswhenthecurrent
characterisatthebeginningofthetargetstringandisoneofthewordcharactersA-Za-z0-
9_,orwhenthecurrentcharacterpositionispasttheendofthetargetstringandthelast
characterinthestringisoneofthewordcharacters,orwhenthecurrentcharacterisone
ofthewordcharactersandtheprecedingcharacterisnot,orwhenthecurrentcharacteris
notoneofthewordcharactersandtheprecedingcharacteris.
wordboundaryassert(n)~Inregularexpressions,astatementthatmatcheswhenthe
currentpositioninthetargetstringisimmediatelyafterawordboundary.
WordCount(n)~Afeaturethatcalculatesanddisplaysthenumberofwords,characters,
lines,pagesandparagraphsinadocument.
wordextractiondictionary(n)~Acustomextractiondictionarythatlistswordsor
phrasesthatarematchedtoexactwordsinthecontentinacase-insensitiveway.For
example,theentryanchor’willmatch‘anchor’and‘Anchor
WordFlow(PN)~Akeyboardfeaturethatsuggestswordsandcorrectsmisspellings.
WordFlowwithshapewriting(n)~Akeyboardfeaturethatenablesusertoslidethe
fingerfromletterkeytothenextletterkeyintheword.
WordforAndroid(PN)~TheversionofMicrosoftWordthatrunsontheAndroid
operatingsystem.
WordforiPad(PN)~TheversionofMicrosoftWordthatrunsoniPad.
WordforiPad,iPhoneandiPodtouch(PN)~TheversionofMicrosoftWordthatruns
oniPad,iPhoneandiPodtouch.
WordforMac(PN)~TheversionofMicrosoftWordthatrunsontheMacoperating
system.
WordforMacforOffice365(PN)~TheversionofWordfromOffice365thatrunson
theMacoperatingsystem.
WordforMacPreview(PN)~ThepublicpreviewofWordforMac.
WordHomeandStudent2010(PN)~Theyear2010editionoftheMicrosoftword
processingsoftwareprogramforcreatingWeb,e-mail,andprintdocuments,designedfor
homeandstudents.
wordlist(n)~Afilethatcontainsacollectionofwordsthatmakeupanapplication
dictionary.
WordMobile2010(PN)~Theyear2010editionoftheMicrosoftwordprocessing
softwareforcreatingWeb,e-mail,andprintdocuments,designedforusewithhandheld
computingdevices.
WordMobileViewer(PN)~AviewerthatallowsuserstodisplayWorddocumentsona
phone’sbrowser.AfileisrenderedasanHTMLpagewithsufficientfidelitytoconvey
textandimagesonasmallscreen.
WordOnlineViewer(PN)~AWordWebApptechnologythatenablesuserstoviewin
fullfidelityaWorddocumentthatisstoredonline.
wordpartextractiondictionary(n)~Acustomextractiondictionarythatlistswordsor
phrasesthatarematchedanywhereinthecontentinacase-insensitiveway.Forexample,
theentryanchor’willmatch‘anchor
wordprocessing(n)~Theactofenteringandeditingtextwithawordprocessor.
wordprocessor(n)~Anapplicationforcreatingandmanipulatingtext-baseddocuments.
WordProcessor~A-program-usedforcreatingdocuments,lettersetc.Thebestknown
isMicrosoftWord.
Wordpublication(n)~AMicrosoftOfficeWorddocumentthatcontainshyperlinksto
anotherlocation.Youcanusehyperlinkstogotoanotherlocationinthesamedocument
ortoanotherfileonyourharddisk,yournetwork,anintranet,ortheInternet.
wordstemming(n)~Theprocessofcapturingrelationshipsbetweenwordsbyreducing
inflectedwordstotheirstemorrootform(reductivestemming),orexpandingstemsto
theirinflectedforms(expansivestemming).Forexample,thewordswimming’isreduced
tothestem‘swim.’Becausetheword‘swam’canalsobereducedto‘swim
wordwrap(n)~Theabilityofaword-processingprogramoratext-editingprogramto
breaklinesoftextautomaticallytostaywithinthepagemarginsorwindowboundariesof
adocumentwithouttheuserhavingtodosowithcarriagereturns,asistypically
necessaryonatypewriter.
WordXMLFormat(n)~TheformalnameforWord12fileformat.Thisformathasan
open,royalty-freespecification,andisthetechnologylicensedtoexternalparties.This
licenseisthesubjectinthemessagingpointswhere-€œOpen,royalty-freelicense-€?is
discussed.
WordArt(n)~Textobjectsyoucreatewithready-madeeffectstowhichyoucanapply
additionalformattingoptions.
WordArtGallery(n)~AdialogboxinwhichtheusercanchooseaWordArtstyle.
WordML(n)~AMicrosoftXMLformatforWorddocuments.
wordwrap(n)~Theabilityofaword-processingprogramoratext-editingprogramto
breaklinesoftextautomaticallytostaywithinthepagemarginsorwindowboundariesof
adocumentwithouttheuserhavingtodosowithcarriagereturns,asistypically
necessaryonatypewriter.
Work(n)~AnitemthatappearsontheCallForwardingOnmenu,whichappearsonthe
MyStatusmenu.WhentheuserselectsWork,Communicatorautomaticallyforwards
incomingcallstothenumbertheuserhaspublishedforhisworkphone.
Work(PN)~Afieldforacontact’sworkplacetelephonenumber,typicallyretrieved
automaticallyfromthecorporateaddressbook.
work(n)~Theentirerangeofinventory-relatedtasksthatareperformedbyacompany’s
warehouseemployees.Thecreationofwarehouseworkistriggeredeitherautomatically
byuser-definedsettingsormanuallybyaworker.Eachworkitemisperformedona
mobiledevicebyawarehouseworker.
workaccount(n)~Auseraccountandassociatedcredentialsthatisusedtoaccess
Microsoft’sand3rdparties’businessservices,suchasOffice365.Workorschool
accountsareusuallyassignedtoendusersbytheirorganization(work,school,non-profit)
andmanagedbytheadmin.However,somebusinessserviceslikeYammersupportwork
orschoolaccountsthatwerecreatedbyendusers,withoutITinvolvement.Wesometimes
refertotheseaccountsas-€œviral-€?AADaccountsbutwedon’tusethistermexternally.
WorkorschoolaccountsarestoredinAzureActiveDirectory(AAD)andmanagedby
Microsoftonbehalfoftheorganization.OneofthekeydifferencewithaMicrosoft
accountisthatusersdon’towntheaccountandwilltypicallylooseaccesstoitifthey
leavetheorganization.Otheraspectslikepasswordpoliciesareimposedbyadmins.
workbreakdownstructure(n)~Adeliverable-orientedgroupingofprojectelementsthat
organizesanddefinesthetotalworkscopeoftheproject.Eachdescendinglevelrepresents
anincreasinglydetaileddefinitionoftheprojectwork.
workcell(n)~Aresourcegroupthatparticipatesinaproductionflowactivity.
workcenter(n)~Aself-containedunitofthemanufacturingprocess,oranentireplant.
workfax(n)~AnOutlookcontact’sprofessionalfaxnumber.
WorkFolders(PN)~Theenterprise-orientedfeaturewhichenablesorganizationsto
providetheiruserswithaccesstodataanddocumentsstoredontheircorporatecomputers
fromanywhere.
workinprocess(n)~Materialthatisinsomestageofthemanufacturingprocess,from
rawmaterialissuedtoaproductionordertoamanufacturedproductreadyforacceptance
intoinventory.
workinprocess(n)~Anitemundercurrentassetsinthebalancesheetthatrepresents
workinprogressinsomestageofthemanufacturingprocess.
workinprocesscalculation(n)~Thevalue(hours)postedtothebalancesheetasa
projectprogresses.TheWIPcalculationappliestofixed-priceprojects,timeandmaterial
projetsandinvestmentprojects.
workinprogress(n)~Materialthatisinsomestageofthemanufacturingprocess,from
rawmaterialissuedtoaproductionordertoamanufacturedproductreadyforacceptance
intoinventory.
workinprogress(n)~Anitemundercurrentassetsinthebalancesheetthatrepresents
workinprogressinsomestageofthemanufacturingprocess.
workitem(n)~Arecordofworkonaprojectthatmustbefulfilledorevaluated.Itis
assignedtoanindividual.Thecurrentstateandprogressistrackedontheworkitem
record.
workitem(n)~Auser-definedobjectwithuniquefields,forms,andrules.Workitemscan
bequeriedacrossthedatabase.
WorkItemFormview(n)~TheVisualStudiodocumentwindowthatshowsthefull
formofaworkiteminstance.Youcanopenmanyworkitemformsasdocumentsin
VisualStudio.
workitemID(n)~Theuniqueidentifierofaworkiteminthedatabase.
workitemlog(n)~Alogthatliststhecurrentnotesyouaretypingandtheuneditable
historicalconversationthathasalreadybeensaved.
workitemquery(n)~AspecializedSELECTstatementcontainingaWHEREclause,and
COLUMNandSORTBYelements.WorkItemQueryismodeledafterSQLqueries.
WorkItemQueryLanguage(n)~AloosevariantofSQLthatdescribesaqueryinthe
WorkItemTrackingsubsystemofTeamFoundationServerusingasyntaxthatcontains
SELECT,WHERE,COLUMNandSORTclauses.QueryViewistheuserinterfacefor
definingworkitemqueries.
workitemqueue(n)~Alistthatcontainsworkflowworkitemsthatareassignedtousers.
workitemqueueassignmentexpression(n)~Astatementthatconditionallyassigns
workitemstospecificworkitemqueues.
workitemtype(n)~AnameddefinitionassociatedwithaprojectinaTeamFoundation
Server.Typesarecomposedoffields,aformandworkflow.TheyaredefinedusingXML.
DefinitionsareportablebetweenTeamFoundationServers.
WorkManagementService(PN)~ASharePointsharedservicethataggregatestasksthat
systemssuchasSharePoint,ProjectServer,andExchangeassigntousers.
WorkManagementTaskSync(PN)~AcomponentoftheWorkManagementService
thatsynchronizestaskswithsystemsoutsideofSharePoint,suchasanExchangemailbox,
toenabletaskmanagementinOutlook.
Workonthego(v)~Referstobeingabletodoyourworkfromanywherewithyour
mobiledevice,whetheryouareinyouroffice,athome,ortraveling(onthego’).’
workorschoolaccount(n)~Auseraccountandassociatedcredentialsthatisusedto
accessMicrosoft’sand3rdparties’businessservices,suchasOffice365.Workorschool
accountsareusuallyassignedtoendusersbytheirorganization(work,school,non-profit)
andmanagedbytheadmin.However,somebusinessserviceslikeYammersupportwork
orschoolaccountsthatwerecreatedbyendusers,withoutITinvolvement.Wesometimes
refertotheseaccountsas-€œviral-€?AADaccountsbutwedon’tusethistermexternally.
WorkorschoolaccountsarestoredinAzureActiveDirectory(AAD)andmanagedby
Microsoftonbehalfoftheorganization.OneofthekeydifferencewithaMicrosoft
accountisthatusersdon’towntheaccountandwilltypicallylooseaccesstoitifthey
leavetheorganization.Otheraspectslikepasswordpoliciesareimposedbyadmins.
workpane(n)~InExchange2007,thebottommiddlepaneoftheExchangeManagement
Console.TheworkpaneprovidesdetailedinformationaboutthespecifiedExchange
server.
WorkPhone(PN)~AbuttonintheOptionsdialogbox,onthePhonestab,thatusersclick
toentertheirworkphonenumber.TheWorkPhonebuttonisdisablediftheworkphone
numberhasbeensuppliedthroughthecorporatedirectory.
workphone(PN)~AnOutlookcontact’sprofessionaltelephonenumber.Nota
company’smainphonenumber.
workproduct(n)~Adiscretedeliverableorartifact,suchasadocument,spreadsheet,
changeset,andsoforth.
workbook(n)~Inaspreadsheetprogram,afilecontaininganumberofrelated
worksheets.
workbook(n)~Onematrix,oracollectionofmatrixes,thatuseasinglemodelsiteasa
datasource.
workbookwindow(n)~Thewindowthatcontainstheuser’sworkbookoftabbedsheets.
workday(n)~Aspanoftimethatconstitutesoneshift.Theworkdayincludeshours
worked,aswellasinterruptionsinwork,suchasmealsorbreaktime.
worker(n)~Apersonwhoassumestheroleofanemployeeoracontractorandispaidin
exchangeforservices.
worker(n)~Acloudservicerolethatprovidesageneral-purposeenvironmentforrunning
applicationworkloads.Typically,backgroundprocessingforwebapplicationsrunningon
webrolescanbeoffloadedtoinstancesoftheworkerrole.
workerprocess(n)~TheimplementationofthecoreWebserverinIIS.Workerprocesses
runinW3wp.exe.
workerprocessisolationmode(n)~TheWebprocessmodelforIIS6.0.
workerrole(PN)~Acloudservicerolethatprovidesageneral-purposeenvironmentfor
runningapplicationworkloads.Typically,backgroundprocessingforwebapplications
runningonwebrolescanbeoffloadedtoinstancesoftheworkerrole.
workerthread(n)~Athreadcommonlyusedtohandlebackgroundtasksthattheuser
shouldnothavetowaitfortocontinueusingyourapplication.Taskssuchasrecalculation
andbackgroundprintingaretypicallyexecutedonworkerthreads.
workflow(n)~Asequenceofactivities,actions,ortasksthroughwhichdocumentsor
itemsarepassedaspartofanautomatedbusinessprocess.
workflow(n)~Asetofinstructionsthatrouteandqueueincomingcallsandgenerate
reportstoanagentorasetofagentsaccordingtoadjustablebusinesslogic.Itdefinesthe
userexperienceofauserwhocallsaresponsegroup.
workflow(n)~Aworkflowprocessthatisexecuting.
workflow(n)~Asetoflogicalrulesthatdefinethestepsnecessarytoautomatespecific
businessprocesses,tasks,orsetsofactionstobeperformedonMicrosoftDynamicsCRM
records.
Workflow(n)~AlistofStatusesforobjectsinParature(suchasTickets,ChatSessions,
andKnowledgebaseArticles)andthetransitionofthoseobjectsthroughStatusesvia
Actionsperformedmanuallyand/orautomatically.
workflowaction(n)~Anelementofworkflowlogicthatspecifiestheeventortaskthat
shouldbeperformedbytheworkflowjobsstartedbytheworkflow.
workflowactivation(n)~Theprocessthatoccurswhenaworkflowhostcallsthe
WorkflowRuntime.CreateWorkflowmethod.
workflowactivity(n)~Anelementalunitofaworkflowthatrepresentsactionsand
providesfunctionalityforcontrolflow,conditions,eventhandling,statemanagement,and
communicationwithapplicationsandservices.
workflowactivity(n)~AunitofprogrambehaviorinWindowsWorkflowFoundation.
Singleactivitiescanbecomposedtogetherintomorecomplexactivities.
workflowapplication(n)~Asetofprogramsthataidsinthetrackingandmanagementof
alltheactivitiesinaprojectfromstarttofinish.
workflowcompression(n)~Afeaturethathelpsuserscompress(orexpand)theduration
ofajobwithouthavingtoupdatethestartandduedatesofeverytaskintheworkflow.
workflowcondition(n)~Alogical‘if-then’statementinaworkflowthatdefinesa
specificsituationandanyactionsthatshouldbetakenwhenthatsituationoccurs.
workflowdecisionelement(n)~Aguardconditionthatcontrolsthelogicalbranchingof
tasksequenceswithinaworkflowprocess.Aworkflowdecisioncanbemadebyauseror
byanautomationrule.
workflowdefinition(n)~AnXMLorXOMLfilethatcontainstheinformationthatother
programsrequiretoinstantiateandruntheworkflow.Optionally,anycustommetadatathe
workflowrequirestorun.
WorkflowDesigner(PN)~Agraphicaltoolusedtocreateaworkflowvisuallyby
representingactionsandconstraintsasshapesthatcanbeconnectedtoformacomplete
schedule.
workflowdocument(n)~Aviewofdatathatissubmittedtoworkflowforprocessing.
workflowelement(n)~Amodelingelementusedtodefineworkflowprocesses.
workflowescalationaction(n)~Anautomaticworkflowactiontakenwhenaworkflow
workitemisnotcompletedbythecurrentassignee.
workflowexecutionaccount(n)~Auseraccountthatisgrantedtherightsforexecuting
workflows.
workflowfoundation(n)~Anextensibleprogrammingmodelandcomponentsthatcan
beusedtodesignandimplementcustomapplicationsforcommonbusinessprocesses,
suchasdocumentapproval.Componentsincludeversioncontrol,tracking,andreporting.
workflowhistory(n)~Aviewoftheworkflowtrackingdatageneratedbytheworkflow
runtime.
workflowhost(n)~Theservercomponentthatdealswiththeexecutionofworkflows.
workflowhost(n)~Anenvironmentinwhichtheworkflowruntimeisstartedsothatit
canbeaccessedasaservice.
workflowinstance(n)~Arunninginstanceofaworkflowdefinition,whenarequestis
made.
workflowinstance(n)~Aworkflowactivatedbyandexecutingintheworkflowhost.
WorkflowInstanceRecovery(n)~AfeatureoftheWorkflowManagementservice
(WMS)thatmonitorspersistencestoresforworkflowserviceinstancesthatshouldbe
runningandrestartsthem.
workflowjob(n)~Ajobperformedonentitiesorrecords,basedonrulesdefinedina
workflow.
workflowlistform(n)~Aformthat-displaysalistofworkflowsforaparticularmodule,
alongwiththeversionsoftheworkflow.
workflowmanagement(n)~AfeatureareaofILM2thatdealswithdesigning
workflows,executingthemandmanagingthem.Workflowmanagementconsistsofthe
WorkflowDesigner,requestmanagementandtheworkflowhost.
WorkflowManagementservice(n)~AWindowsservicethatmanagestheexecutionof
instancecontrolcommands,therecoveryofworkflowservicehosts,andtheresumptionof
instancesintheeventofexpiredtimers.
WorkflowManager(n)~Atoolusedtocreate,customize,andeditworkflowrulesand
ruletemplates,andsalesprocessrulesandruletemplates.
workflowmanager(n)~AuseroftheResponseGroupservicewhohasthenecessary
userrightstocreateaworkflowortomanagecertainpropertiesofaworkflow.
WorkflowMonitor(n)~Atoolusedtoviewthestatusofworkflowandsalesprocessesin
theorganization.
workflowoption(n)~Aparameterforaworkflowthatincludessettingsthatdetermine
whichrecordsitactsonandhowitistriggered.
workflowparticipant(n)~Apersonwhoassumestheroleofuserinaworkflowprocess.
workflowphase(n)~Asetofworkflowstagesthathavebeengroupedtogether.
workflowpolicy(n)~Agroupofrulesforaworkflow.
workflowpresencewatcher(n)~AuseraccountthattheResponseGroupservicecreates
inordertosubscribetothepresencestatusofagents.
workflowprocess(n)~Aseriesofinterrelatedactionstepsandtheworkflowrulesthat
drivethetransitionbetweenthesesteps.Aworkflowprocessdefinestheactionsthe
workflowshouldtakeateachstep,andtheworkflowrulestheworkflowshoulduseto
evaluatewhentoproceedtothenextstep.
workflowregistration(n)~Aregistrationprocessthatoccurswhenyouaddaworkflow
definitiontotheMicrosoftDynamicsCRMdatabase.
workflowrule(n)~Asetofactionstepsinabusinessprocessorsalesprocess.A
workflowrulespecifiestherequiredactivitiesforaworkflowandtheorderinwhichthose
activitiesmustbeperformed.
workflowruntime(n)~Asoftwarecomponentthatactivatesandexecutesworkflow
instancesusingMicrosoftWindowsWorkflowFoundation.
workflowscope(n)~Theextentofactivitycontrolledbyaworkflowprocess.
workflowservice(n)~AWCFservicethatisimplementedasaworkflow.Theworkflow
containsmessagingactivitiesthatsendandreceiveWCFmessages.
workflowservicehost(n)~Acomponentthatisresponsibleforrunningallworkflows,
orchestrating,anddispatchingthem.
workflowstage(n)~Anelementofworkflowlogicthatgroupssteps.Addingstagestoa
workflowdoesnotaffecthowthestepsfunction.Stagesarepurelyforconceptual
groupingofstepswithincomplexworkflows.
workflowstage(n)~Adefinedpointinaworkflowthatisenteredwhenspecified
conditionsaremet.
workflowstate(n)~Thestatusofaniteminitsprogressthroughaworkflow.
workflowstatus(n)~Thecondition,ataparticulartime,ofaworkflow.
workflowstep(n)~Anindividualstagedefinedinaworkflow.
workflowtask(n)~Anactionortaskinasequencethatisrelatedtoabuilt-inoruser-
definedbusinessprocess.
workflowtasklist(n)~Alistthatstoresthesequenceofactionsortasksforabusiness
process.
workflowtemplate(n)~Atemplatethatservesexclusivelyasthebasisforcreatingother
workflows.Workflowtemplatescannotstartworkflowjobs.
workflowtemplate(n)~Aspecificationthatcanbeinstantiatedandgivenstateto
produceaworkflow.
workflowtrackingdata(n)~Thedatathatisloggedduringtheexecutionofaworkflow
instance.
workflowtype(n)~AsetofmetadataandeventhandlersintheApplicationObjectTree
(AOT)thatdefinesaworkflowdesigntemplate.
workflow-enabled(adj)~Automatedinsuchawaythatbusinessdocumentsand
assignmentsareroutedfromoneusertoanotherforspecificaction.
workgroup(n)~Agroupofcomputersthatareconnectedonanetworkandshare
resources,suchasprintersandfiles.
Workgroup(PN)~Aprivacyrelationshipsettingthatallowsalargeamountof
informationtobeviewed,usuallyassignedtopeopleonyourteam.
workgroupID(n)~Acase-sensitivealphanumericstringthatis4to20characterslong
andthatyouenterwhencreatinganewworkgroupinformationfilebyusingthe
WorkgroupAdministrator.ThisuniquelyidentifiestheAdmingroupforthisworkgroup
file.
workgroupinformationfile(n)~AfilethatAccessreadsatstartupthatcontains
informationabouttheusersinaworkgroup.Thisinformationincludesusers’account
names,theirpasswords,andthegroupsofwhichtheyaremembers.
workgroupmanager(n)~Thepersonwhocreatesandmaintainstheprojectscheduleand
usesworkgroupmessagestoassigntaskstotheworkgroupmembers;alsousesthe
workgroupfeaturestoupdatetasksintheprojectasmembersreply.
WorkgroupTemplate(n)~Atemplatestoredonanetworklocationwhereitcanbe
accessedandsharedbymultipleusers.
workingcopy(n)~Thecopyofafilethatiscurrentlybeingmodified.
workingdirectory(n)~ThedirectoryinwhichWebserversoftwareisinstalled.
workingfolder(n)~Thefolderinwhichyourdocumentsappearwhenyouopenorsave
them.Ifyouselectanotherfolderwhenopeningorsaving,thatfolderbecomesthe
workingfolder.Youcansetthestartuplocationofthisfolderinmostapplications.
workingfolder(n)~Afolderonauser’slocalcomputerthatisusedtostorefileswhen
theyarecheckedoutofaVisualSourceSafedatabase.Ausermakeschangestothefilesin
theworkingfolderandthenchecksthemodifiedfilesbackintotheVisualSourceSafe
databaseforversiontracking.
workinghours(n)~Auser’sworkdayhoursasspecifiedinMicrosoftOfficeOutlookby
thedayoftheweekandthestartandendtimes.
workingset(n)~Thesetofpagesinthevirtualaddressspaceoftheprocessthatare
currentlyresidentinphysicalmemory.
WorkingTime(n)~Thetimethataresourceisintheoffice,andthatisnotdedicatedto
projecttasksoreffort.Representsaresource’strueavailability.
workingtimecalendar(n)~Acalendarthatdefinesthecapacityandworktimeina
productionsystem,foruseinmanagingworkcentersorworkcentergroups.
workload(n)~Compositionofoftenrelated[server]rolesthatruntogetheronasingle
serverorsetofrelatedservers.Eachworkloadcorrespondstoanoverallbusiness/product
area.Networkisanexampleofaworkload.Whilesmallormediumbusinessesmightrun
anentireworkloadonasinglemachine,thiswouldbeunusualforalargeenterprise.
WorkloadsareoftenmanagedbythesamegroupwithinIT,andalargebusinessmight
haveaseparateoperationsteamandpurchasingdecisionmakerforeachworkload.
workload(n)~Asetofautomatedtasksthatexercisethecomputerinapredefined,
repeatablemanner.
workload(n)~AcomputeinstanceofacloudserviceonAzureconsistingofan
applicationhostedandrunonweb-basedvirtualmachinesandworkerroles.
workloadgroup(n)~InResourceGovernor,acontainerforsessionrequeststhatare
similaraccordingtotheclassificationrulesthatareappliedtoeachrequest.Aworkload
groupallowstheaggregatemonitoringofresourceconsumptionandauniformpolicythat
isappliedtoalltherequestsinagroup.
workload/productnavigation(n)~Acontrolontheuserinterfaceusedonmanymobile
andonlineapplicationstoindicatenavigationwithintheapplication.
workpane(n)~Theareaoftheworkspacethatcontainstheoptionsyouselectforagiven
task.Workpanesappearatcertaintimes,suchaswhenadocumentisopened,orwhenyou
clickcertainitemsonmenusandtoolbars.
Workplace(n)~Thepagewhereusersfindcasesandactivitiesthatareassignedtothem.
Userscanaccept,assign,anddeleteassignmentsfromhere.Theycanalsocheckthe
publiclistsofactivitiesandcasesandacceptthoseaswell.
workplace(PN)~Afeatureonthephonetoenrollinandmanageaworkplaceaccount.
workplaceaccount(n)~Anaccountprovidedbyacompanythatallowsuserstoinstall
appsorhubsprovidedbythatcompany,andthatgovernsthecompanypoliciesappliedto
thephone.
Workplacemodule(n)~TheMicrosoftCRMmodulethatcontainstheworkauserhas
beenassigned,iscurrentlyworkingon,andisavailableinqueuestowhichtheuserhas
access.Userscanaccept,assign,anddeleteassignmentsfromhere.Userscanalsoaccess
theircalendarsandtheKnowledgeBase.
WorkQueue(PN)~Afolderthatcontainssubfoldersthatassetandjobmanifestfiles
traverseastheyareprocessedinajob.
Workswithads(n)~AversionofWorks,akaWorksSE,thatincludesadvertising.
Workswithoutads(n)~AversionofWorksthatdoesnotincludeadvertising.Userscan
electtopayforthisversion,akaWorksStandard,insteadofusingthefree,adfunded
Works,akaWorksSE.
worksheet(n)~AprimarydocumentusedinExceltostoreandworkwithdata.A
worksheetconsistsofcellsthatareorganizedintocolumnsandrows;aworksheetis
alwaysstoredinaworkbook.
workspace(n)~Auserinterfaceareainwhichusersperformmosttasks.
workspace(n)~Afilewhereausercancreateormodifyinformationwithoutaffecting
datathatislocatedontheserver.Aclient-sidecopyofthefilesintherepositorythatyou
wanttoworkin.
workspace(n)~Atypeofbusinessapplicationthatprovidesprivate,customizableWeb
sites,whichyoucanusetocollaborateonprojectsanddocumentswithcoworkers,clients,
businesspartners,oranyonetowhomyougrantpermission.Youcanhaveasmany
workspacesasyouwant;eachworkspacehasseparatepermissions,whichmeansthat
peoplecanaccessonlytheworkspacesyouwantthemtoaccess.Workspacesmayinclude
documents,lists,pictures,surveys,discussionboards,andWebpages.
workspace(n)~Acollectionofcomputingresourcessuchasprogramsandvirtual
desktopsthatenableausertoaccomplishasetofrelatedtasks.
workspacebrowser(n)~AcomponentoftheshellofDashboardDesigner.Itholds
availableKPIs,datasources,indicators,reportviews,scorecards,anddashboardsforuse
intheworkspace.
workspaceexplorer(n)~ThemainwindowwhereusersdomostGrooveactivities,such
ascollaboratinginworkspaces.
workspacefile(n)~Afilethatsavesdisplayinformationaboutopenworkbooks,sothat
youcanlaterresumeworkwiththesamewindowsizes,printareas,screenmagnification,
anddisplaysettings.
workspacemanager(n)~Awindowthatlistsallyourworkspacesalongwithstatus
information.
workspaceshortcutspane(n)~AnareaontheleftmostsideoftheWindowsIntune
consolecontainingtheiconswithshortcutstoopenthecorrespondingnavigationpaneand
overviewpane,toviewstatussummariesandperformmanagementtasksthatarerelevant
tothatworkspace.
workspacesite(n)~AsubsitebasedontheDocumentWorkspaceorMeetingWorkspace
sitetemplates.
workstation(n)~Amicrocomputerorterminalconnectedtoanetwork.
workstream(n)~Anactivitythatiscomposedofotheractivities.Workstreamsarethe
simplebuildingblocksoftheprocess.Theymaybeassignedtosingleormultipleroles.
WorldClock(n)~Agadgetthatshowscurrentlocaltimeinyourowntimezoneorany
cityintheworld.
worldcoordinate(n)~Acoordinateusedtomodelaparticulargraphicworld.
worldgeometry(n)~Themathematicalrepresentationofa3Dspaceorobject.
worldtransformation(n)~Thetransformationthatconvertsworldcoordinatestopage
coordinates.
WorldWideName(n)~Auniqueidentifierusedinstoragetechnologiesforphysical(e.g.
ports)andlogicalobjects(e.g.RAIDarrayLUN)andcreatedandmanagedbyIEEE.Itis
composedinavarietyofformatsandoftencontainsanorganizationallyuniqueidentifier.
WorldWideWeb(n)~Asetofinterlinkeddocumentsinahypertextsystem.Theuser
entersthewebthroughahomepage.
WorldWideWeb(WWWorjust‘theWeb’)~Theeasiestpartofthe-Internet-to
understandanduse,theWorldWideWebconsistsofmanymillionsofpagesoftextand
imagespublishedbyanyoneandeveryone,fromgovernmentsandlargecorporations
downtothehumblesthomeuser,inastandardisedhypertext-format.Aparticularperson
orcompany’sareaiscalledawebsite.Viewedwithaprogramcalleda-browser.
WanderingaroundtheWorldWideWebisoftencalled-Websurfing-orjustsurfing.
WorldWideWebConsortium(n)~Aconsortiumofcommercialandeducational
institutionsthatoverseesresearchandpromotesstandardsinallareasrelatedtotheWorld
WideWeb.
WorldWideWebDistributedAuthoringandVersioning(n)~Asetofextensionstothe
HypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)thatfacilitatescollaborativeeditingandfile
managementbetweenuserslocatedremotelyfromeachotherontheInternet.
WorldWideWebPublishingService(n)~TheservicethatmanagestheIIScore
componentsthatprocessHTTPrequestsandconfigureandmanageWebapplications.
FormerlyknownasW3SVC.
worm(n)~Self-propagatingmaliciouscodethatcanautomaticallydistributeitselffrom
onecomputertoanotherthroughnetworkconnections.Awormcantakeharmfulaction,
suchasconsumingnetworkorlocalsystemresources,possiblycausingadenialofservice
attack.
WORM(n)~Anopticaldiscthatcanbereadandrereadbutcannotbealteredafterithas
beenrecorded.WORMsarehigh-capacitystoragedevices.Becausetheycannotbeerased
andrerecorded,theyaresuitedtostoringarchivesandotherlargebodiesofunchanging
information.
Worm~Amaliciousprogramintroducedintocomputersbystealth,similartoa-virus.
WOSA(n)~Acommonsetofinterfacesthatconnectfront-endapplicationswithback-end
services.
Wow!(adj)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
WPA(n)~Asecuritymethodusedbywirelessnetworks.WPAencryptstheinformation
thatissentbetweencomputersonawirelessnetworkandauthenticatesuserstohelp
ensurethatonlyauthorizedpeoplecanaccessthenetwork.
WPA(PN)~Asetofperformancemonitoringtoolsusedtoproducein-depthperformance
profilesofbothsystemsandapplications.
WPA2(n)~AwirelessimplementationandthesecondgenerationofWPAsecuritythatis
basedonthefinalIEEE802.11iamendmenttothe802.11standard.
WPAD(n)~AstandardnetworkingprotocolusedtohelpInternetclientsoftware
automaticallylocateandinterfacewithcacheserviceswithinanetwork.
WPF(PN)~AnewstrategicgraphicssubsysteminWindowsVistathatprovidesaunified
approachtouserinterface,2Dand3Dgraphics,documentsandmedia.Builtonthe.NET
FrameworkfoundationandutilizingDirect3Dforvector-basedrendering,itprovidesa
powerfulsolutionforbuildingimmersiveapplicationsofallkinds.
WPFlayer(n)~AlayerintheSurfaceSDKthatexposesfunctionalityfordevelopersto
usetocreateSurfaceapplications.
WPI(PN)~AwizardthatautomatestheinstallationofseveralcommonlyusedWeb
technologiesfromasingleinstallationpoint.ThesetechnologiesincludealltheIIS
featureslikeASPandASP.NET,aswellasApplicationRequestRouting(ARR),Visual
WebDeveloperExpress,SQLServerExpress,etc.
WPNKeepAliveDetector(PN)~WindowsPushNotifications(WNS)componentthat
analysesnetworkconditionsanddeterminesanoptimalpingintervaltokeepthe
connectionalive.
WPP(n)~Amechanismforuser-modeapplicationsandkernel-modedriverstologreal-
timebinarymessages.Theloggedmessagescansubsequentlybeconvertedtoahuman-
readabletraceofthedriver’soperation.
WPR(PN)~AtoolthatprovidesOEMsandITProfessionalswithdetailedrecordingsof
systemandapplicationbehaviorandresourceusage.
WQL(PN)~AsubsetofANSISQLwithsemanticchangesadaptedtoWindows
ManagementInstrumentation(WMI).
wrap(n)~Thecircumstanceinwhichonepieceofsoftware(thewrapper’)contains
wrap(v)~Toencapsulateanotherpieceofsoftware(usuallyalegacyprogramortest)so
thatthecontainedsoftwarecanfunctionintheenvironmentofthewrapper.
wrappanel(n)~Alayoutcontainerthatarrangesitschildelementsinasingleverticalor
horizontalrow,creatinganewrowifneededtodisplaytheoverflowfromtheprevious
row.
WrappedPSTstore(n)~AmessagestorethatisreadfromandwrittentobyaWrapped
PSTprovider.
wrapperclass(n)~Aclassthattakesanexistingclass,andprovidesitwithanew
interface.
wrapperplaylist(n)~AWindowsMediametafilethatplacesadditionalcontentatthe
beginningorendofastream.Examplesofthiscontentincludewelcomemessages,
goodbyemessages,advertisements,andstationbranding.
wraps~Anonlinedistributionplatformforfinancialadvisors.
writable(adj)~Capableofrecordingdatathathasbeeneditedorentered.
write(n)~Atransferofinformationtoastoragedevice,suchasadisk,ortoanoutput
device,suchasthemonitororprinter.Forexample,adiskwritemeansthatinformationis
transferredfrommemorytostorageondisk.
write(v)~Totransferinformationeithertoastoragedevice,suchasadisk,ortoan
outputdevice,suchasthemonitororaprinter.Writingisthemeansbywhichacomputer
providestheresultsofprocessing.Acomputercanalsobesaidtowritetothescreenwhen
itdisplaysinformationonthemonitor.
writeaccess(n)~Aprivilegeonacomputersystemthatallowsausertosave,change,or
deletestoreddata.Writeaccessisusuallysetbythesystemadministratorforanetworked
orserversystemandbytheownerofthecomputerforastand-alonemachine.
writeback(v)~Toupdateacubecellvalue,member,ormemberpropertyvalue.
writeconflict(n)~Asituationthatoccurswhenauseristryingtomakesimultaneous
changestothesameobjectorsimultaneouschangestootherobjectsthathaveattributes
referencingthisobject.
writeenable(v)~Tochangeacubeordimensionsothatusersincuberoleswith
read/writeaccesstothecubeordimensioncanchangeitsdata.
writelock~Theprocessofcontrollingafieldsothattheabilitytochangeinformation
heldwithinitismaintained.Inalmostallcomputerlanguages,atypeoftableisused.
writemode(n)~Incomputeroperation,thestateinwhichaprogramcanwrite(record)
informationinafile.Inwritemode,theprogramispermittedtomakechangestoexisting
information.
writeoff(v)~Toremoveadebtthatwillnotbepaidbyaparty.
writeonwall(oth)~Topostamessageonafriend’sFacebookwall.
writeonce,readmany(n)~Anopticaldiscthatcanbereadandrereadbutcannotbe
alteredafterithasbeenrecorded.WORMsarehigh-capacitystoragedevices.Because
theycannotbeerasedandrerecorded,theyaresuitedtostoringarchivesandotherlarge
bodiesofunchanginginformation.
Writepermission(n)~Adesignationthatindicatesthatcertainusersorrolesmayenter
data,makeedits,ormodifythepropertiesofaformorreport.
writeproperty(n)~Apermissionlevelthatgrantsaprocesstheabilitytochange
propertiesonanotherprocess.
writescope(n)~TheadministrativeboundaryinwhichmembersofanExchange2010
rolegroupcanmakechanges.FortheOutlookLivehostedservice,thewritescopeisthe
entireOutlookLiveorganization.Foron-premisesimplementationsofMicrosoft
ExchangeServer2010,writescopesmaybesmallerinbreadth,suchasthosedefinedbya
specificorganizationalunitoradatabase.
writeabledisc(n)~ACDorDVDdiscontowhichfilescanbecopied.Common
writeabledisctypesincludeCD-R,CD-RW,DVD-R,andDVD-RW.
writeablesection(n)~Adatasectioninamodule,suchasadatasectioncontaininga
module’sglobalvariables,thatcanbewrittentoatruntime.
write-aheadlog(n)~Atransactionloggingmethodinwhichthelogisalwayswritten
priortothedata.
writeback(n)~Theresultofanoperationthatoccurswhendataisenteredintoawritable
cellinaPerformancePointAdd-inforExcelmatrix.Thedataissubmittedto
PerformancePointPlanningServer,savedtoarelationalfacttable,andthenthesource
datacubeisupdated.
write-behindprovider(n)~AnassemblythatisassociatedwithanAppFabriccachethat
iscalledtoasynchronouslywritecacheupdatestoacustombackendstore.
write-downadjustment(n)~Anadjustmenttodecreasethevalueofafixedassetfor
accountingpurposes.
write-inproduct(n)~Aproductthatismanuallyaddedtoquotes,orders,andinvoices
ratherthanselectedfromtheMicrosoftDynamicsCRMproductcatalog.
write-only(adj)~Capableofbeingchanged(written)butnotseen(read).
write-protect(v)~Topreventthewriting(recording)ofinformation,usuallyonadisk.
write-protected(adj)~Pertainingtoadisktowhichcontentcannotberecorded.
Write-protected~Awrite-protectedfilehasbeensetsothatitcannotbealteredor
deletedwithoutfirstremovingthewriteprotection.Alsocalledread-only.Youcanwrite-
protectafileinwindowsbyright-clickingonitandcheckingthe‘read-only’boxunder
attributes.
Write-protected~Awrite-protectedfilehasbeensetsothatitcannotbealteredor
deletedwithoutfirstremovingthewriteprotection.Alsocalledread-only.
writer(n)~Apieceofsoftwarehandlingapplication-relateddataconsistencyduring
backupandrestoreoperations.
Writer(PN)~AdesktopappthatenablesWYSIWYGediting,offlineediting,and
previewfunctionality.
write-upadjustment(n)~Anadjustmenttoincreasethevalueofafixedassetfor
accountingpurposes.
writingarea(n)~Anyareawhereyoucanenterhandwritingtobeconvertedtotypedtext
andinsertedinaprogram.
writingpad(n)~ThepadinTabletPCInputPanelthatyouusetowritetexttobe
convertedtotypedtextandinsertedinaprogram.
WRL(PN)~AlibrarythatprovidesinfrastructurefortheWindowsRuntime;itcanalso
beusedtocreatealanguageprojectiontobuildWindowsRuntimecomponentsinC++
andforappbuilding.
WRMheader(n)~Arightsmanagementheaderthatisusedbyaclienttolocateor
acquirealicenseforthepieceofcontentinwhichitisstored.
WRP(n)~AfeatureinWindowsthatattemptstoblockthereplacementofnecessary
systemfilestoimprovereliabilityandsecurity.
WSD(n)~Acommonprogramminginterfacetothelower-levelsystemareanetwork
(SAN)implementations,developedbyMicrosoft.WSDsitsunderneaththestandard
WinSockapplicationprogramminginterface(API),butbypassesthekernelnetworking
layerstotalkdirectlytotheSANhardware.BecauseWSDsitsunderneaththeexisting
WinSockAPI,ITdepartmentscandeployapplicationsinaSANenvironmentwithout
modifyingtheapplications.
WSDL(n)~AnXMLformatfordescribingWebservices.WSDLallowsWebservice
providersandusersofsuchservicestoworktogethereasilybyenablingtheseparationof
thedescriptionoftheabstractfunctionalityofferedbyaservicefromconcretedetailsofa
servicedescriptionsuchashow’and‘where’thatfunctionalityisoffered.’
WSDLfile(n)~ThefileinwhichthecontractthatmustbeadheredtobyaWebservice
andallitscallersisdefined.ItiswritteninWebServicesDescriptionLanguage(WSDL).
WSDLmessage(n)~Anabstract,typeddefinitionofthedatathatiscommunicated
duringaWSDLoperation.
WSDLSchema(n)~AninterfaceimplementedintheXMLmessageformatfor
describingthenetworkservicesofferedbytheserver.
WS-FPRP(PN)~AnimplementationoftheWS-Federationspecificationthatproposesa
standardprotocolforhowpassiveclients(suchasWebbrowsers)applythefederation
framework.Withinthisprotocol,Webservicerequestorsareexpectedtounderstandthe
newsecuritymechanismsandbecapableofinteractingwithWebserviceproviders.
WS-Federation(PN)~Aspecificationthatdefinesamodelandasetofmessagesfor
brokeringtrustandthefederationofidentityandauthenticationinformationacross
differenttrustrealms.TheWS-Federationspecificationidentifiestwosourcesofidentity
andauthenticationrequestsacrosstrustrealms:activerequestors,suchasSimpleObject
AccessProtocol(SOAP)-enabledapplications,andpassiverequestors,whicharedefined
asHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)browsersthatcansupportbroadlysupported
versionsofHTTP,forexample,HTTP-1.1.
WS-FederationPassiveRequestorProfile(PN)~AnimplementationoftheWS-
Federationspecificationthatproposesastandardprotocolforhowpassiveclients(suchas
Webbrowsers)applythefederationframework.Withinthisprotocol,Webservice
requestorsareexpectedtounderstandthenewsecuritymechanismsandbecapableof
interactingwithWebserviceproviders.
WSH(n)~Alanguage-independentscriptinghostforActiveXscriptingengineson32-bit
Windowsplatforms.WSHcanbeusedtoautomateadministrativetasksonaserver,using
anyscriptinglanguage.
WSIM(PN)~Autilityforcreatingandmodifyinganswerfilesandconfigurationsets.
WSRM(n)~AfeatureofMicrosoft-®Windows-®Server2003,EnterpriseEditionand
WindowsServer2003,DatacenterEdition.WithWindowsSystemResourceManager,
administratorscancontrolandaccountforthehowCPUandmemoryresourcesallocated
toapplications,services,andprocesses.
WSS(oth)~AfamilyofMicrosoftWeb-basedteamcollaborationenvironmentsthat
providetheabilitytocreateandaccessvirtualworkspacesformanagingdocuments,
discussions,lists,surveysandotherimportantcontextualinformationsuchasteam
memberstatusandpresence.
WSS(PN)~TheWindowsservicethatanalyzesasetofdocuments,extractsuseful
information,andthenorganizestheextractedinformationsothatpropertiesofthose
documentscanbeefficientlyreturnedinresponsetoqueries.
WS-Security(PN)~Aseriesofspecificationsthatdescribehowtoattachsignatureand
encryptionheaderstoSimpleObjectAccessProtocol(SOAP)messages.Inaddition,WS-
Securitydescribeshowtoattachsecuritytokens,includingbinarysecuritytokenssuchas
X.509certificatesandKerberostickets,tomessages.InActiveDirectoryFederation
Services(ADFS),WS-SecurityisusedwhenKerberossignssecuritytokens.
WTF~(WhatTheF***)-Internetslang,notsuitableforpolitecompany.
WWAN(n)~Awirelessnetworkthatconnectsgeographicallyseparatedlocationsby
usingtelecommunicationsservices,suchassatellite,radio,andmobilephone
technologies.
WWN(n)~Auniqueidentifierusedinstoragetechnologiesforphysical(e.g.ports)and
logicalobjects(e.g.RAIDarrayLUN)andcreatedandmanagedbyIEEE.Itiscomposed
inavarietyofformatsandoftencontainsanorganizationallyuniqueidentifier.
WWW(n)~Asetofinterlinkeddocumentsinahypertextsystem.Theuserenterstheweb
throughahomepage.
WWW~See-WorldWideWeb.
WWWservice(n)~TheservicethatmanagestheIIScorecomponentsthatprocessHTTP
requestsandconfigureandmanageWebapplications.FormerlyknownasW3SVC.
WWWServiceAdministrationandMonitoringcomponent(n)~Acomponentofthe
WorldWideWebPublishingService(WWWservice)inIISthatisresponsiblefor
configuration,bymeansofthemetabase,andforworkerprocessmanagement.
WYSBYGI(n)~Providingapreviewoftheeffectsofthechangestheuserhasselected
beforefinallyapplyingthem.Forexample,adialogboxinawordprocessingprogram
mightdisplayasamplefontauserhaschosenbeforethefontisactuallychangedinthe
document.Theusercancancelanychangesafterpreviewingthem,andthedocumentwill
beunaffected.
WYSIWYG(n)~Pertainingtoaprogramorinterfacethatallowscreationandeditingof
webpages,text,orgraphicaluserinterfacessuchthatuserscanseewhattheendresults
willlooklikewhilethedocumentsarebeingcreated.
WYSIWYG~(WhatYouSeeIsWhatYouGet;pr.‘whizzy-wig’)-Acomputerinterface,
usuallyforcreatingdocuments,thatreproducestheend-productasaccuratelyaspossible
onscreen.Standardonallmodernsoftware,soyoudon’toftenhearitmentionedthese
days.
X~
XInternet~Asetoftechnologiesthatconnectfirms’informationsystemstophysical
assets,products,anddevices.
X.25~AtypeofpacketswitchednetworkusedextensivelybyPNOsforpublicservices
andpopularfortransactionbasedprivatenetworks.
X.400(n)~Aninternationalmessagingstandardthatcanbeusedbyavarietyof
messagingsystems.X.400usesastrictaddressingmethodthatreflectsahierarchical
environment.TheuseofX.400hasbeenlargelysupplantedbythecombinationofSMTP
andMIME.
X.509certificate(n)~AcertificatethatadherestotheX.509publickeyinfrastructure
(PKI)standard,whichidentifiestherequirementsforrobustpublickeycertificates.
X.509v3certificate(n)~Acertificatethatadherestothesyntaxandformatdescribedin
version3oftheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion-Telecommunication
[StandardizationSector](ITU-T)recommendationX.509.Thisisthestandardcertificate
formatusedbyWindowscertificate-basedprocesses.AnX.509certificateincludesthe
publickeyandinformationaboutthepersonorentitytowhomthecertificateisissued,
informationaboutthecertificate,plusoptionalinformationaboutthecertification
authority(CA)issuingthecertificate.
X++(PN)~Theobject-orientedprogramminglanguageusedtodevelopsoftwareforthe
MicrosoftDynamicsAXapplication.
x64(n)~Pertainingtothex6464-bitarchitecture.Thex64platformenables64-bit
memoryaddressing,andcanrunonprocessorssuchasAMDAthlon64,AMDOpteron,
IntelXeonwithEM64T,andIntelPentium4withEM64T.
x64~Aprocessorarchitecturebasedonthe32-bitIA-32(x86)architecture,with
extensionsfortheexecutionof64-bitsoftware.AMDproducedthefirstinstancesofx64-
basedprocessors,theAMD64processors-€”alsoreferredtowiththeterm-x86-64.
x64-based(oth)~Pertainingtothecombinationofa64-bitWindowsoperatingsystemand
microprocessorsthatnativelysupportthex86forextendedsystems(x64)64-bit
instructionset.ExamplesincludeAMDOpteronandIntelXeonwith64-bitextension
technologyprocessors.
x86(n)~Referstomicroprocessorsthathaveoremulatethe32-bitIntelprocessor
architecture.
x86-based(oth)~Pertainingtothecombinationofa32-bitWindowsoperatingsystemand
amicroprocessorthatnativelysupportsthe32-bitx86instructionset.Examplesinclude
IntelPentium4,AMDAthlonandVIAC7processors.
XAML(PN)~AnXML-basedlanguageusedtorepresentatreeofobjects.Events
generatedbytheseobjectscanbehandledusingany.NETprogramminglanguage.
XAMLactivation(n)~Theprocessofactivatingaworkflowinstancedirectlyfromthe
XAMLXfilethatcontainstheworkflowdefinitionratherthanfromaDLLorbyusinga
configurationfile.
XAMLBinaryFile(n)~Afilecontainingapre-parsedbinaryrepresentationofaXAML
fileproducedbytheXamlBinaryWriterclassintendedtobewrite-oncetoimproveloading
andparsingperformance.
x-axis(n)~Thehorizontalreferencelineonagrid,chart,orgraphthathashorizontaland
verticaldimensions.
X-band~bandwithbetween7GHzto8GHz,whichusuallyisusedbymilitarysatellites.
XBF(n)~Afilecontainingapre-parsedbinaryrepresentationofaXAMLfileproduced
bytheXamlBinaryWriterclassintendedtobewrite-oncetoimproveloadingandparsing
performance.
XboxMusicStore(PN)~TheareaofXboxLivewheremusicissold.
XboxVideo(PN)~ThebrandnameofthevideoofferingfromXboxLive.
XBRL(oth)~AnXMLlanguagefortheelectroniccommunicationofbusinessand
financialdata.
XBRLinstancedocument(n)~AnXMLfilethatcontainsthefinancialdataandXBRL
taxonomyinformationofareport.
XBRL-€“Financialreporting(oth)~XBRLmessagesthatcontainfinancialdatain
summaryform,suchasbalancesperperiodandwhichprovideastandardunderstanding
ofwhatprofitisorwhatdepreciationisonafinancialreport.
XBRL-€“FR(oth)~XBRLmessagesthatcontainfinancialdatainsummaryform,suchas
balancesperperiodandwhichprovideastandardunderstandingofwhatprofitisorwhat
depreciationisonafinancialreport.
XBRL-€“GeneralLedger(oth)~XBRLmessagesthatcontainfinancialtransactionsand
whichprovideastandardunderstandingofwhatajournalledgerpostingisorwhata
depreciationpostingis.
XBRL-€“GL(oth)~XBRLmessagesthatcontainfinancialtransactionsandwhich
provideastandardunderstandingofwhatajournalledgerpostingisorwhata
depreciationpostingis.
XBRL-€“GlobalLedger(oth)~XBRLmessagesthatcontainfinancialtransactionsand
whichprovideastandardunderstandingofwhatajournalledgerpostingisorwhata
depreciationpostingis.
XBT(n)~AdigitalcurrencythatusesBitcoin.
x-coordinate(n)~Thepositionofapointwithreferencetothex-axis,definedin
conjunctionwiththey-andz-coordinates.
xcopy~acommandinWindowsandotheroperatingsystemsforcopyinggroupsoffiles.
Itworksjustlikecopyexceptthatasmanyfilesaspossiblearereadintomemorybefore
anyarewrittentodisk.Thisisusuallyfasterthanusingcopy.
XDE(PN)~AnextendeddevelopmentenvironmentintegratingMicrosoftVisualStudio
.NETandRationalApplicationDeveloper.
Xen~AvirtualizationplatformwhichbeganasaresearchprojectattheUniversityof
Cambridgeandwasreleasedasopensourcesoftwarein2003.Xenutilizes
paravirtualizationtohookcallstothehardwarenode’sresources
Xeon~ahigh-speedPentium-classmicroprocessorintroducedbyIntelin2002asa
successortothePentium4.Itfeaturesapipelinedarchitecturewithclockspeedsof1.8
GHzandhigher.
X-header(n)~Ane-mailmessageheaderthatbeginswithX-‘.’
X-Headerstorageoption(n)~TheoptionthataddsanX-HeadertotheInternetheaderof
spammessages.InformationcontainedinthisX-Headerisspecifiedbyadministratorsin
theAdministrationCenter.
XHTML(n)~AmarkuplanguagethatextendsHTMLandreformulatesitasXML.
XID(n)~AnidentifierexchangedbetweennodesonanSNAnetwork.TheXIDenables
thenodestorecognizeeachotherandtoestablishlinkandnodecharacteristicsfor
communicating.HostIntegrationServersupportstwotypesofXIDs:Format0XIDsand
Format3XIDs.
XImage(PN)~Acommand-linetoolthatcaptures,modifies,andappliesinstallation
imagesfordeploymentinamanufacturingorcorporateenvironment.
XING~XING(namedopenBC/OpenBusinessClubuntil17November2006)isasocial
softwareplatformforenablingasmall-worldnetworkfor
professionals.http://www.xing.com/
XML(n)~Amarkuplanguagefordescribingandexchangingstructureddatainaformat
thatisindependentofoperatingsystemsandapplications.XMLisaWorldWideWeb
Consortium(W3C)specificationandisasubsetofStandardGeneralizedMarkup
Language(SGML).
XMLattribute(n)~Aname-valuepair,separatedbyanequalsignandincludedina
taggedelement,thatmodifiesfeaturesofanelement.AllXMLattributevaluesarestrings
enclosedinquotationmarks.
XMLelement(n)~AnXMLstructurethatconsistsofastarttag,anendtag,andthe
informationbetweenthetags.Elementscanhaveattributesandcancontainother
elements.
XMLentity(n)~Thecombinationofcharactersandsymbolsthatreplaceothercharacters
whenanXMLdocumentisparsed,usuallythosethathaveothermeaningsinXML.For
example,&lt;representsthe<symbol,whichisalsotheopeningbracketforatag.A
GeneralEntityisanentitythatisusedwithintheXMLdocumentitself,asopposedtoa
parameterentity,whichisonlyreferencedintheDTD.
XMLexpansionpack(n)~Acollectionoffiles,managedbyamanifest.xmlfile,thatadd
functionalitytoaMicrosoftOfficeWordorMicrosoftOfficeExceldocumentby
specifyingcustomdisplayoractions.
XMLfeed(n)~Adistributionmechanismforfrequently-updatedcontentthatis
aggregatedbyanRSSreaderanddeliveredorpublishedinastandardXMLformat.The
contentisoftensummarized,withlinkstoamorecompleteversion.
XMLforAnalysis(PN)~Aspecificationthatdescribesanopenstandardthatsupports
dataaccesstodatasourcesthatresideontheWorldWideWeb.
XMLfragment(n)~LinesoftextthatadheretoXMLtagrules,butdonothavea
DocumentTypeDefinition(DTD)orschema,processinginstructions,oranyotherheader
information.
XMLliteral(n)~AVisualBasiccodingconstructthatenablesdirectincorporationof
XMLintocode,insteadofrequiringthatitbestoredinastring.
XMLnamespace(n)~Acollectionofnames,identifiedbyaURIreference,thatareused
inXMLdocumentsaselementtypesandattributenames.
XMLnamespaceprefix(n)~AnabbreviatedformofanXMLnamespace.
XMLPaperSpecification(PN)~Aspecificationthatdescribesafileformatthatisused
tostoredocuments,toprocessthemforprinting,andtoprintthem.Thismeansthata
documentdoesnotchangeduringtheprintingprocess.TheXPSformatconformstothe
OpenPackagingConventions(OpenXML,ECMA-3761steditionPart2).
XMLPaperSpecificationViewer(n)~Aviewerthatallowsuserstovisualize,navigate,
andcustomizetheviewoffileswithanXPSDocumentformat.
XMLPathLanguage(n)~AlanguageusedtoaddresspartsofanXMLdocument.XPath
alsoprovidesbasicfacilitiesformanipulationofstrings,numbers,andBooleanvalues.
XMLQuery(n)~Functionalquerylanguagethatisbroadlyapplicabletoavarietyof
XMLdatatypesderivedfromQuilt,XPath,andXQL.BothIpedoandSoftwareAG
implementtheirownversionsoftheW3C’sproposedspecificationfortheXQuery
language.Alsocalled:XMLQuery,XQL.
XMLschema(n)~TheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)standardlanguageusedfor
creatingXMLschemadocuments.TheXMLschemacontainstwoparts:asetof
predefinedtypes(forexample,string,dateTime,decimal),andanXMLlanguagefor
definingnewtypes(forexample,complexType,minOccurs,element).
XMLschemadefinitionlanguage(n)~TheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)
standardlanguageusedforcreatingXMLschemadocuments.TheXMLschemacontains
twoparts:asetofpredefinedtypes(forexample,string,dateTime,decimal),andanXML
languagefordefiningnewtypes(forexample,complexType,minOccurs,element).
XMLSchemaDocument(n)~Aspecificationthatdescribesthecomplextypesusedina
WebmethodandtherebyenablesinteroperabilitybetweenclientsandWebservicesbuilt
ondifferentplatformsbyadheringtoacommontypesystem,asdefinedbytheW3C.
XMLSignature(n)~AnXML-baseddigitalsignaturethatcanbeusedtosecurethedata
containedinXMLdocuments.XMLSignaturesareastandardgovernedbytheWorld
WideWebConsortium(W3C).
XMLstandalone(n)~AnenumeratedconstantthatindicateshowanIXmlWriter
producesthestandaloneattributeoftheXMLdeclaration.Thefollowingarethepossible
values:omit,yes,no.
XMLtemplatefile(n)~AnXMLfilethatcontainsthesampledatathatisdisplayedinthe
fieldsofaformbeforeauserfillsitout.
XMLtree(n)~AhierarchicalstructureofXMLelements.
XMLWebservice(n)~Aunitofapplicationlogicprovidingdataandservicestoother
applicationsthatcaninvokeWebprotocols.
XMLA(PN)~Aspecificationthatdescribesanopenstandardthatsupportsdataaccessto
datasourcesthatresideontheWorldWideWeb.
XMP(n)~Anextensiblemarkuplanguagethatrecordsmetadatainasyntaxthatisa
subsetofXML.ItisusedinPDF,photographyandphotoeditingapplicationsandwas
firstintroducedbyAdobeSystemsinApril2001.
XMS(n)~AspecificationdevelopedbyLotus,Intel,Microsoft,andASTResearchthat
definesasoftwareinterfaceallowingreal-modeapplicationstouseextendedmemoryand
areasofmemorynotmanagedbyMS-DOS.Memoryismanagedbyaninstallabledevice
driver,theExpandedMemoryManager(EMM).Theapplicationmustusethedriverto
accesstheadditionalmemory.
XOR(n)~ABooleanoperationthatyieldstrue’ifandonlyifoneofitsoperandsistrue
andtheotherisfalse.‘
XP~WindowsXP.ReferstotheWindowsXPoperatingsystemfrom
Microsoft.www.microsoft.com(obsolete)
XPath(PN)~AlanguageusedtoaddresspartsofanXMLdocument.XPathalsoprovides
basicfacilitiesformanipulationofstrings,numbers,andBooleanvalues.
Xperia~SonyXperiaisafamilyofSonysmartphonesandtablets.Thelineofphoneshas
beenmanufacturedsince2008,whilethefirsttabletreleasedunderthebrandwas
launchedin2012.ThenameXperiaisderivedfromtheword‘experience’,andwasfirst
usedintheXperiaX1tagline,‘I(SonyEricsson)Xperiathebest’.
XPresscompression(n)~AMicrosoftproprietarycompressionalgorithmhighlytuned
forspeed.ItachievesZIP-levelcompressionratiosandiscurrentlytheserver-side
compressionimplementationofchoicewithinMicrosoft.
XPS(PN)~Aspecificationthatdescribesafileformatthatisusedtostoredocuments,to
processthemforprinting,andtoprintthem.Thismeansthatadocumentdoesnotchange
duringtheprintingprocess.TheXPSformatconformstotheOpenPackaging
Conventions(OpenXML,ECMA-3761steditionPart2).
XPSdocument(n)~AnOpenPackagingConventionspackagethatconformstotheXML
PaperSpecification.AnXPSdocumentcanbestoredasafileoramemorystream.
XPSDocumentfileformat(n)~Anopen,cross-platformdocumentformatthatallows
customerstoeffortlesslycreate,share,print,andarchivepaginateddocuments.
XPSDocumentformat(n)~Anopen,cross-platformdocumentformatthatallows
customerstoeffortlesslycreate,share,print,andarchivepaginateddocuments.
XPSEssentialsPack(n)~Apackagethatincludesalltheessentialsoneneedstohavea
fullexperiencewithXPSdocuments,withouttheneedof.NETFrameworkcomponents.
ItincludestheXPSViewerEP,filters,renderers,andresourcefiles.
XPSpackage(n)~AnXPSdocumentthatissavedtoafileasanOpenPackaging
ConventionspackagethatcomplieswiththeXMLPaperSpecification.
XPSprinterdriver(n)~AGDI-basedVersion3printerdriverorprinterdriver
componentthatsupportstheXPSprintpaththatwasintroducedinWindowsVista.
XPSViewer(n)~Aviewerthatallowsuserstovisualize,navigate,andcustomizethe
viewoffileswithanXPSDocumentformat.
XPSViewerEP(n)~AnXPSviewerincludedinXPSEssentialsPackthatallowsusersto
visualize,navigate,andcustomizetheviewoffileswithanXPSDocumentformat.
XPSDrv(n)~AGDI-basedVersion3printerdriverorprinterdrivercomponentthat
supportstheXPSprintpaththatwasintroducedinWindowsVista.
xRank(PN)~Aservicethattracksthepopularityofnotablepeopleandtopicsbasedon
Bingsearchdata.
x-report(n)~Atypeofreportthatisgeneratedtorecordcurrentsalestotalsforaspecific
cashregister.
xRM(PN)~TheMicrosoftDynamicsCRM’sbusinessapplicationframeworkthat
surfacestheMicrosoftApplicationPlatformtoacceleratethedevelopmentofenterprise-
classrelationalbusinessapplications.
XrML(n)~Aproposedstandarddigitalrightsmanagement(DRM)markuplanguage
whichenablesuserstospecifyrightsandconditionsassociatedwithresources,suchas
digitalcontentorWebservices.
XSD(n)~TheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)standardlanguageusedforcreating
XMLschemadocuments.TheXMLschemacontainstwoparts:asetofpredefinedtypes
(forexample,string,dateTime,decimal),andanXMLlanguagefordefiningnewtypes
(forexample,complexType,minOccurs,element).
XSDBrowser(PN)~InVisualStudio,anobjectbrowserthatdisplaysthestructureof
XMLschemadefinitions(XSD).
XSDL(n)~TheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)standardlanguageusedforcreating
XMLschemadocuments.TheXMLschemacontainstwoparts:asetofpredefinedtypes
(forexample,string,dateTime,decimal),andanXMLlanguagefordefiningnewtypes
(forexample,complexType,minOccurs,element).
XSL(n)~AnXMLvocabularythatisusedtotransformXMLdatatoanotherform,such
asHTML,bymeansofastylesheetthatdefinespresentationrules.
XSLTransformation(n)~Adeclarative,XML-basedlanguagethatisusedtopresentor
transformXMLdata.
XSLT(n)~Adeclarative,XML-basedlanguagethatisusedtopresentortransformXML
data.
x-ua-compatibleheader(n)~AnHTMLheaderinwhichtheHTTP-EQUIVpropertyhas
avalueofx-ua-compatible,whichallowscontenttospecifythedocumentcompatibility
modessupportedbythewebpage.
X-Windows~ThesoftwaresystemwrittenformanagingwindowsunderUnix.A
graphicsarchitecture,applicationprogramminginterfaceandprototypeimplementation
developedattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,X-Windowsdefinesa
client/serverrelationshipbetweentheapplicationprogramandtheworkstation.Itisnot,
however,acompletegraphicaluserinterface,butratherthebasisonwhichonecanbe
built.
xychart(n)~Achartthatplotsnumericaldataalongtwovalueaxes(x,y).
x-y-zcoordinatesystem(n)~Athree-dimensionalsystemofCartesiancoordinatesthat
includesathird(z)axisrunningperpendiculartothehorizontal(x)andvertical(y)axes.
Thex-y-zcoordinatesystemisusedincomputergraphicsforcreatingmodelswithlength,
breadth,anddepth.
Y~
Yammer(PN)~Anenterprise-levelsocialnetworkusedforprivatecommunicationwithin
organizationsorbetweenorganizationalmembersandpre-designatedgroups.
YammerConfiguration(PN)~TheoptionsapersonsetsintheCRMUItoconnectCRM
totheenterpriseYammernetwork.
YammerEnterprise(GovernmentPricing)(PN)~TheYammerEnterpriseofferfor
governmentorganizationcollaboration,knowledgeexchange,andteamefficiencythatis
hostedinthecommercialcloudenvironment.
YammerNow(PN)~AmessagingappthatallowsYammeruserstoquicklychatwith
theircoworkerswherevertheyare.
yaw(n)~Arotationin3Dspaceaboutthey-axis.
year-endclosing(n)~Anaccountingprocessthatoccursattheendofthefiscalyearand
isusedtotransferthebalancesofthetemporaryowners’equityaccountstothepermanent
owners’equityaccount,tocarryforwardclosingaccountbalancesfromoneaccounting
periodtoopeningaccountbalancesinthesubsequentaccountingperiod,andtogenerate
financialstatements.
YellowBook~PublishedbyPhilipsandSony,the‘YellowBook’usedtheRedBookas
itsbasisforthephysicalspecificationsofsectorsina-CD-ROM—designedforcomputer
data.
Yellowfilter(n)~OneofthemostcommonfiltersusedinB&Wphotography.Increases
contrastslightly.
Yes/Nodatatype(n)~Afielddatatypeyouuseforfieldsthatwillcontainonlyoneof
twovalues,suchasYesorNoandTrueorFalse.Nullvaluesarenotallowed.
Yes/Nofield(n)~AtypeoffieldwithcontentsettoeitherYesorNo.Forexample,the
Recurringfieldindicateswhetherthetaskisarecurringtask.
Yield(n)~Theincomereturnonaninvestment.Thisreferstotheinterestordividends
receivedfromasecurityandisusuallyexpressedannuallyasapercentagebasedonthe
investment’scost,itscurrentmarketvalueoritsfacevalue.
YMMV~(YourMileageMayVary)AnInternetslang,meaning‘yourexperiencemaybe
different’.DerivesfromadisclaimerinUScarads.
yomi(PN)~TheJapanesekanacharactersthatindicatethecorrectpronunciation,sorting,
andgroupingbehaviorofawordwritteninkanji.Thenameofafieldthatstoressuch
charactersandcanimpactthesorting/groupingbehaviorofacorrespondingfieldthatcan
containawordwritteninkanji.Typicallyusedtomodifythekanjifield’sname(e.g.-
€œYomiLastName-€?specifieshowtocorrectlypronounce/sort/group-€œLastName-
€?).Themaindistinctioncomparedto-€œphonetic-€?isthatsorting/groupingbehavioris
expectedtobeimpactedfor-€œyomi-€?,butnotfor-€œphonetic-€?.
Youareherelocation(n)~Thelocationonthemapscreenthatindicateswherethe
Surfacelocation(andtheuser)arecurrentlylocated.
youngestversion~thehistoricalversionofadatasetthatischronologicallyclosesttothe
baseversioninagenerationgroup.
Yourmovies(PN)~Theuser’svideolibrarytitle,displayedintheQuicklinks’section
Yourmovies&TV(PN)~Theuser’svideolibrarytitle,displayedintheQuicklinks’
section
YouTube(PN)~Awebsiteforuploadingandviewingvideosforfree.
youtuber~apersonwhoproducesvideocontentforthevideosharingsite-Youtube.
Yukon~YukonisthecodenameusedforthebetaversionofMicrosoft’sSQLServer
2005.SQLServer2005issaidtoprovideenhancedflexibility,scalability,reliability,and
securitytodatabaseapplications,andtomakethemeasiertocreateanddeploy,thus
reducingthecomplexityandtediuminvolvedindatabasemanagement.
YUVcolorspace(n)~Acolormodelthatdescribescolorinformationintermsofits
brightness(luminance,orY),andcolor(chrominance,orUandV).
Z(n)~AgameratingsymboldevelopedbytheComputerEntertainmentRating
Organization(CERO).
Z~
zapping~Consideredtobethelowestformofsoftwareprogrammingknowntomankind,
itinvolvesalteringtheassemblycodeinhexformatafterithasbeenoutputfroma
complierorassembler.Typicallydonewhenthereisacompilerbug,theproperdataisnot
beinggenerated,ortheoriginalsourcecodewaslost.
ZAR(n)~TheofficialcurrencyofSouthAfrica.
z-axis(n)~Thethirdaxisinathree-dimensionalcoordinatesystem,usedincomputer
graphicstorepresentdepth.
z-buffer(n)~Abufferthatstoresadepthvalueforeachpixelinascene.Pixelswitha
smallz-valueoverwritepixelswithalargez-value.
Zeppelin(PN)~Aweb-basednotebookthatenablesinteractivedataanalytics.
zero(v)~Tofillorreplacewithzeros(forexample,tozeroaspecifiedportionofmemory,
afield,orsomeotherlimitedstructure).
zerobugbounce(n)~Thefirstpointintimeafteramilestone(typicallycodecomplete)
thattherearenoactivebugsacceptedbythetriagemeetingsthatareolderaspecified
amountoftime(typicallybetween3hoursand3days).Itisreferredtoasbouncebecause
bugscheckedincancauseregressionsandtheseregressionscancausethenumberofbugs
tobounce’backupfromzero.’
zerobugrelease(n)~Thefirstreleasetotestingafterallactivebugshavebeenresolved.
zeroday~asoftwarevulnerabilitythathasbeenexploitedbymalicioushackersonor
beforethedaythesoftwarecreatorsbecomeawareoftheproblem
zerodefectstate(n)~Apointintheproductcyclewhenthecodedoesnotgenerateerrors
thatbreakabuild.
ZeroDownloadMessenger(PN)~AWeb-basedtoolthatenablesmailrecipientsto
decryptandreplytoencryptede-mailmessagesthataresentfromtheHostedEncryption
service.
zeroinsertionforcesocket(n)~AtypeofsocketdesignthatdoesnotrequiretheCPU
chiptobeforcefullypushedintothesocket.
zeroout(v)~Tosetavariablevalueoraseriesofbitstozero.
zeropadding(n)~Appendingzerostothebeginningofanumber,oraseriesofnumbers.
zeropowerODD(n)~Pertainingtotheabilitytoreducethepowerconsumptionof
opticaldiskdrivesintheoperatingsystemtozerotosaveenergywhenthedrivesarenot
inuse.
zeropoweropticaldiskdrive(n)~Pertainingtotheabilitytoreducethepower
consumptionofopticaldiskdrivesintheoperatingsystemtozerotosaveenergywhenthe
drivesarenotinuse.
zerosuppression(n)~Theeliminationofleading(nonsignificant)zerosinanumber.For
example,zerosuppressionwouldtruncate000123.456to123.456.
zerovalue(n)~Avalueequalto0(zero).
ZeroWaitState~Referstoasystemthatallowstheprocessortoworkatfullclockspeed
regardlessoftheclockspeedof-RAM.
zero-lengthstring(n)~Astringthatcontainsnocharacters.
zero-rated(adj)~Denotesproductsforwhichthebuyerpaysnovalue-addedtax(VAT)
andforwhichthesellercanrecoverthecostoftheinputtaxleviedonthesale.
ZIFsocket(n)~AtypeofsocketdesignthatdoesnotrequiretheCPUchiptobe
forcefullypushedintothesocket.
ZigBee(alliance/modules)~AvendorinitiativestartedbyPhilipsSemiconductor,
HoneywellandInvensysMetering.
-zilla~anEnglishslangsuffix,aback-formationderivedfromtheEnglishnameofthe
JapanesemoviemonsterGodzilla.Itispopularforthenamesofsoftwareandwebsites.
Thistrendhasbeenobservedsincethepopularizationofthe-Mozilla-Project
zindex(n)~Thenumericalindexofanobjectinthestackingorder.Anobjectwitha
higherindexvaluewillappearontopofobjectswithlowerindexvalues.
z-index(n)~Thenumericalindexofanobjectinthestackingorder.Anobjectwitha
higherindexvaluewillappearontopofobjectswithlowerindexvalues.
zine~Small,oftenfreemagazine,usuallyproducedbyhobbyistsandamateurjournalists.
zip(v)~Tomakeasinglefileoutofasetoffilesusingaprogramsuchascompress,gzip,
orPKZIP.
Zip~Apopularstandardforfile-compression-developedbythePKWarecorporation.
Filesthuscompressedusuallyhavetheextension.zip.See-Winzip.
zip(file)~AnopenstandardforcompressionanddecompressionusedwidelyforPC
downloadarchives.
zip(file)~WindowsuserswillseethistermalotwhenlookingforfilesontheInternet.A
zipfile(.zip)isa‘zipped’orcompressedfile.‘Zipping’afileinvolvescompressingoneor
moreitemsintoasmallerarchive.-www.winzip.com
ZIPcode(n)~IntheUnitedStates,thepostalcodeassignedtoalladdresses.
Zipdrive(n)~AdiskdrivedevelopedbyIomegathatuses3.5-inchremovabledisks(Zip
disks)capableofstoring100megabytesofdata.
zipdrive~alargecapacityfloppydiscdrivedevelopedbyIOMEGACorporation.Used
forbackingupimportantdata.Nowobsolete.
Zip/PostalCode(n)~Thelabelforthetextboxwheretheusertypesthepostalcodefor
outgoingcorrespondence.
zombie~acomputerthataremoteattackerhasaccessedandsetuptoforward
transmissions(includingspamandviruses)toothercomputersontheInternet.alsoknown
asazombiearmy
zombie~anabandoned,unkeptorsadlyout-of-dateWebsite.
zombie~Auserthatsurfsthewebhoursonendandneverseemstosleeportire.
zone(n)~InaDNSdatabase,amanageableunitoftheDNSdatabasethatisadministered
byaDNSserver.Azonestoresthedomainnamesanddataofthedomainwitha
correspondingname,exceptfordomainnamesstoredindelegatedsubdomains.
zone(n)~Aphysicalorlogicaldivisionwithinawarehouse,definedforefficientresource
utilization.Azonemightbeidentifiedbytypeofmaterialsstored,bytypeofequipment
used,orbyassignedpicker.
zone(n)~Alogicalpartitionorcommunicationboundarywithinadatacenteronalogical
datacenterdiagram.However,azonecanrepresentanytypeofboundary,forexample,
trustboundaries.
zone(n)~AregionthatcontainsWebPartscontrolsonapage,andprovideslayout
managementandaconsistentUIforthecontainedcontrols.AzoneintheWebParts
controlsetisacompositecontrolthatcontainsothercontrolsandisrenderedasanHTML
table.AllWebPartszonesinheritfromSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebZone.
zone~Alogicalgroupofnetworkdevices.
Zone1(PN)~ThegeowithintheAzureregiontaxonomythatcoversthegeographic
locationsNorthAmericaandEuropewiththerespectiveregions.
Zone2(PN)~ThegeowithintheAzureregiontaxonomythatcoversthegeographic
locationsAsiaPacific,Japan,LatinAmericaandMiddleEast/Africawiththerespective
regions.
Zone3(PN)~ThegeowithintheAzureregiontaxonomythatcoversthegeographic
locationofBrazil.
zoneelevation(n)~AsituationthatoccurswhenaWebpageloadedinoneURLsecurity
zoneloadsapagefromalessrestrictivezoneinaframeoranewwindow.Forexample,if
apagefromtheInternetzoneloadsapagefromtheLocalMachinezone,azoneelevation
hasoccurred.
zoneendpoint(oth)~Anendpointthatrepresentsaconnectionandcommunication
endpointforazoneandisinboundoutboundorbidirectionaltype.Azoneendpoint
delegatescommunicationtoendpointsonlogicalserverswithinthezone.
zonesigningkey(n)~Apublickeycorrespondingtoaprivatekeythatisusedtosignone
ormoreDNSrecordsetswithinazone,belowthezoneapex.
zonetransfer(n)~TheprocesswherebyasecondaryDNSserverobtainsinformation
aboutazoneordomainfromtheprimaryserver.
zonewalking(n)~TheprocessofrepeatingNSECqueriesinordertoretrieveallthe
namesinaDNSzone.
zone-redundantstorage(n)~Storageofthreecopiesofacustomer’sdataacrossmultiple
facilitieslocatedinoneortworegions.
Zones(PN)~AresourceoftheDNSServiceTypeoftheNetworkingServicetomanagea
specialdatabaseforstoringIPaddressessandwebsitenamestoresolvewebsitenames
zone-signingkey(n)~Apublickeycorrespondingtoaprivatekeythatisusedtosignone
ormoreDNSrecordsetswithinazone,belowthezoneapex.
zoom(v)~Toenlargeaselectedportionofagraphicalimageordocumenttofillawindow
orthescreen.
Zoom(PN)~Atoolthatletsyouchangethecurrentviewmagnificationofyourdocument.
zoom(n)~Amulti-touchgesturethatconsistsoftwofingersmovinginopposite
directions(-><-or<-->).
zoomin(n)~Toenlargeaselectedportionofagraphicalimageordocumenttofilla
windoworthescreen.
zoomout(n)~Toadjusttheperspectiveofanimageordocumentinordertoviewalarger
areaonthescreenatonetime,asifviewedfromfartheraway.
Zoom,In(n)~AcreditortitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Zoom,Out(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
Zoom,UpandIn(n)~AtitleanimationinWindowsMovieMaker.
z-order(n)~Theorderinwhichobjectsareplacedinalayer.Anobjecthigherinthestack
willcoverup(appearontopof)onelowerinthestack.
ZPODD(n)~Pertainingtotheabilitytoreducethepowerconsumptionofopticaldisk
drivesintheoperatingsystemtozerotosaveenergywhenthedrivesarenotinuse.
z-report(n)~Atypeofreportthatisgeneratedtorecordcurrentsalestotalsforaspecific
cashregisterandtoclosethecurrentworkshift.
ZRS(n)~Storageofthreecopiesofacustomer’sdataacrossmultiplefacilitieslocatedin
oneortworegions.
zSeries~IBM’s64-bitmainframeproductline,whichincludesitsz800,z900andz990
mainframeservers.ThezSeriesproductsareare-brandingof,andmajorupgradeto,
IBM’sS/390-classmainframecomputers.
ZSK(n)~Apublickeycorrespondingtoaprivatekeythatisusedtosignoneormore
DNSrecordsetswithinazone,belowthezoneapex.
Zune(PN)~AMicrosoftsub-brandgroupingdigital-mediaproducts,includingdevices
thatplaymedia,asoftwaremediaplayer,andonlinemediaservices.
zune~TheZuneisaportabledigitalmediaplayerfromMicrosoft.Thefirstversion,
releasedinNovemberof2006,isaboutthesizeofadeckofplayingcardsandweighs5.6
ounces.
Zunesoftware(n)~Thecomputer-basedprogramthroughwhichcustomersshopand
downloadfromtheonlineMarketplace,playandmanagemusicandvideocollections,and
syncgames,apps,andothermediatotheirphones.